Abstract In order to identify the attitudes of consumers towards innovative food products, including functional foods, qualitative research was carried out in 2019 to find out what are the components of these attitudes in relation to innovative food, on the example of functional food, in the conditions of the growing global tendency to care for health and convenience. As a result of the research carried out using the focus group interview (FGI) methodology, it was found that innovative food is associated with a new taste or packaging, increased nutritional value, as well as health related attributes. Often, in studies, consumers also referred to the reduction or complete elimination of allergenic ingredients and other chemical ingredients, e.g. preservatives, flavor enhancers. Consumers accept these innovations in different ways, generally showing skepticism about "improving" food by enriching it with various ingredients, while positively referring to changes related to the reduction in the content of nutrients considered harmful to health, e.g. fat, sugar or salt. It was also noted that innovativeness treated as a personality trait is accompanied by such features as: openness, tolerance, optimism, life satisfaction, while people lacking tendency to accept innovation are usually pessimistic about the world, attached to tradition or thrifty. It was also noted that consumers similarly perceive innovative and functional food, indicating that functional products are food with a specific health purpose, with a modified composition. The interviewees also indicated that it is possible to increase the interest of consumers in purchasing new food products or functional food through, inter alia, well targeted marketing messages, and it is necessary to take into account the legal regulations regarding their wording when formulating them. This applies in particular to the possibility of using nutrition and health claims in the case of products enriched with ingredients with a declared health-related effect.


The present invention discloses a method of TSILs energy efficient carbon capture, chemicals are used to capture the carbon dioxide concentration, and the use of a Lewis acid synergy CH ... O, the carbon dioxide to achieve a high capacity, low power consumption, can be recycled catch set, a method has the potential for industrial CO2 capture. Compared with conventional methods, the method employed in the present invention is quite novel, has the following characteristics and advantages: 1) by designing different spatial structures anionic ionic liquids, the use of a Lewis acid-base between the carbonyl group and the carbon dioxide CH ... O synergy greatly improved ionic liquid trapping amount of carbon dioxide, up to 1.4 moles / mole of ionic liquid; 2) the introduction of electron withdrawing effect of the carbonyl group, so that the role of ionic liquid carbon dioxide enthalpy is reduced, so that off attachment easier.


Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are a new type of information processing system based on modeling the neural system of human brain. The prediction of swell pressures from easily determined soil properties, namely, initial dry density, initial water content, and plasticity index, have been investigated by using artificial neural networks. The results of the constant volume swell tests in oedometers (ASTM 1990), performed on statically compacted specimens of Bentonite-Kaolinite clay mixtures with varying soil properties, were trained in an ANNs program and the results were compared with the experimental values. It is observed that the experimental results coincided with ANNs results. 1 Introduction Expansive soils are that clay soils which exhibit significant volume changes because of soil moisture variation. Foundations constructed on these clays are subjected to large uplift forces caused by swelling, and inducing heaving, cracking, and break up both building foundations and slabs on grade members. Heave problems account for more economic loss than all other soil problems. The cost of damages arising from expansive soil problems in the United States alone amounts to $2.3 billion annualy (Dhowian et al., 1988). Many investigations were carried out to analyze the factors affecting the swelling of clayey soils The major factors affecting the swelling of such soils are mainly concerned with the physical properties of the particles and the mass of soil, such as initial water content, type of clay mineral, initial dry density, clay content, and type of coarse grained fraction (El-Sohby and Rabba, 1981). In the past few years, there has been a constant increase in the interest of neural network modelling in different fields of engineering science. In particular, artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been applied to many geotechnical engineering problems with success. Shahin et al. (2001) gave a general overview of most ANN applications appeared in geotechnical engineering literature. Even though there is ample amount of literature related to ANN applications in geotechnical engineering, only a few studies have been made to predict swelling potential of soils by using ANNs. Najjar et al. (1996) used the swelling potentials of Kansas soils to develop a statistical model and two ANN models. Both ANN models were found to be able to predict swelling potential more accurately than the statistical model. Barakat and Attom (1999) presented a comparison between multiple regression analysis (MRA) model and ANN model for predicting swelling pressure of clay. They used the swelling pressures of six …


For China's inefficient foreign exchange market, as the foreign exchange market is difficult to clear in time, so the foreign exchange market pressure always exists. Therefore, the in-depth study and discussion of China's foreign exchange market pressure issue has important practical significance. This paper applies Lance Girton and Don Roper's monetary model of exchange market pressure to China's experience. The purpose of this paper is mainly to test whether the excess supply of money in China can be absorbed by some combination of the change in exchange rate and the change in foreign reserves. The results of empirical analysis indicate that the basic theoretical proposition is accordant with the practice.


Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) is a new concept that Charles Hoffman, Certified Public Accountant American, initiated in 1998 by working on XML and the financial statements. Its goal is to produce intelligent information in global open-standard data-tagging protocol for financial information. This technology revolutionizes the world of business information. Examining the trends of research on XBRL seems very important and original, as it uses the Bibliometric and the Business Intelligence (BI) to generate the most relevant results. Based on 113 scientific articles, the result shows us that there is an evolution of publications, and an increasing incentive explained by the expansion and diffusion of this innovation in more than 60 countries. The USA is the first country with more than 50% of publications on this topic. The rest of the scientific articles is distributed among the other countries of Europe, Asia and Australia. The main research topics on or with XBRL are: The development, description and quality assurance, Research on XBRL and its importance for financial reporting, the critical factors of adoption and diffusion, and XBRL impact on the quality of information, on corporate governance, information asymmetry and performance, etc.


Fashion now has become an inherent part of people's lives, especially in urban settings. One's fashion sense may be expressed in numerous ways, such as by donning unique clothing, wearing accessories that carry certain identities, or putting on symbols with special meanings or messages. Over the past few years, contemporary fashion design has returned to traditional design values in ethnic motifs, shapes, and even technologies used. Such a phenomenon is worth close observation, drawing interest in how traditional art creative concepts are processed into part of contemporary-styled fashion. To answer this question, this research employed the phenomenological method. From the analysis carried out, the following four appealing traditional values in contemporary design works were identified: 1) symbolization; 2) environmentally friendly materials; 3) traditional technologies; and 4) philosophies. These four values are the most frequently adapted by designers in creating contemporary fashion designs. Finally, we theorize about the ability of symbolic representations of a particular culture to be transferred to fashion over time, without losing the bond with the local tradition.


Fractionation of 1–10 g. samples of a series of poly-α-olefins in a glass bead column has been studied. A thermal gradient was found to decrease fractionation efficiency relative to that obtained at constant (ambient) temperatures. A "stepwise-continuous" solvent gradient technique was developed to improve fractionation of the high molecular weight material. Fractionation efficiency decreased with increasing bead loading but was still good at polymer to bead ratios of 0.1 compared to the ratio of 0.01 usually used; efficiency is poorer in the absence of a column, even when the latter is operated at constant temperature. The Kuhn-Mark-Houwink equation was used to correlate intrinsic viscosities to light-scattering molecular weights. Values of the constants were K = 2.1 × 10−4 and α = 0.61. Molecular weight distribution correlations show these polymers to have very high Mw/Mn.


We study the problem of maximizing lifetime in sensor networks that are deployed for estimating an unknown parameter or process. Sensors take measurements and transport them in multi-hop fashion to a fusion center (FC) for Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation of this process. A prime distinguishing feature of wireless sensor networks is the spatial correlation among measurements of nearby sensors. We investigate the way spatial correlation shapes the tradeoff between estimation quality and energy efficiency, according to which more measurement data improve estimation quality, but they are more energy-costly to transport. If the effect of spatial correlation is understood, then a given estimation quality can be achieved with minimum data redundancy and energy consumption. We study the dynamic control of the sensor sampling rates and the routes to the FC. Sensor attributes such as spatial correlation, measurement accuracy and energy reserve as well as the quality of wireless links, collectively affect the sampling rates and routes to the FC. Further, due to spatial correlation, sensor sampling rates alter the joint probability density functions (p.d.f's) for sensor readings and thus they affect the average estimation error. We show that the optimization problem can be decomposed into smaller ones, where each sensor autonomously takes its sampling rate and next-hop forwarding decisions, and we propose an iterative, low-overhead primal–dual algorithm. Our work yields interesting insights on the fundamental tradeoff between network lifetime and estimation quality, it provides a clear intuition on when spatial correlation is beneficial for the tradeoff above, and it provides a solution with distributed sensor coordination. 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


The purposes of this research were to 1) develop the arm model for nursing practices in blood drawing, intravenous injection and transfusion to reach the Efficiency of process (E1) and Efficiency of product to be equal to 80 and 80, respectively (E1/E2 = 80/80), 2) compare performance achievement of aforementioned nursing practices between two groups of the students who studied the three nursing skills using the model which was constructed by the researcher and also with another one purchased from abroad and 3) compare the students , satisfaction towards these models. The 60 subjects recruited by selective matching, were the second year nursing students of Boromrajajonani College of Nursing, Ratchaburi who registered in the subject of Principles and Techniques in Nursing in the first semester, the academic year, 2016. The research instruments are consisted of 1) the arm model for nursing practices in blood drawing, intravenous injection and transfusion, 2) the performance assessment form of blood drawing, intravenous injection and transfusion and 3) the questionnaire of the satisfaction of the students towards the model uses. The constructed model was tried out with the students who were not the study subjects to develop the efficiency towards identified standard criteria. The experimental group studied with the model constructed by the researcher, whereas the control group studied with another one purchased from abroad. The data was then analyzed to find percentage, mean, standard deviation and t-test. The research findings revealed that 1) the efficiency level of the model constructed by the researcher was higher than identified standard criteria (E1/E2 = 92.61/96.95), 2) the average score on performance achievement of the experimental group was statistically significantly higher than that of the control group at 0.001 level and 3) the average score on satisfaction of the experimental group was statistically significantly higher than that of the control group at 0.001 level. These findings concluded that the constructed model can be used effectively as a media in nursing practice, it helps decrease cost for purchasing import model. However, the model should be developed to reach more efficiency such as producing the instruments to fix an arm model during practice, creating more vessels that were designed in various shapes and sizes both obvious and unobvious seen or selecting other materials for cost reduction.


R EHABILITATION of the human voice is a branch of general rehabilitation that is little known to the medical profession but is growing in scope and importance. In modern society voice is an indispensable tool for almost all occupations. Impairment of the voice is a severe handicap for the teacher, the minister, the lawyer, the physician, the businessman and, of course, for the actor and singer. First, we must be clear about the meaning of the term voice. Human speech is voice plus articulation. The airstream expelled from the lungs is transformed into sound by the vibration of the vocal cords. This sound is then modified and reinforced by the resonating cavities of the throat and mouth and, to a much lesser degree, by the nasal cavities. Vowels are produced by changes in the position of the oral structures. The voice sound that emerges is transformed into speech by articulatory movements of lips, tongue, and soft palate. Speech without voice is tuneless whisper. Voice without articulation is sheer sound that may express moods and emotions, as every mother knows who interprets the speechless cry of her baby. Even after full development of speech the voice continues to contribute to communication the countless varieties of emotional shadings. Psychologically speaking, voice carries the emotional message of speech while articulation expresses the factual contents. The goal of vocal rehabilitation is the restoration of a usable and, where possible, normal voice in all conditions that impair or prevent vocal function.'


Cembranos and Freniche proved that for every two infinite compact Hausdorff spaces $X$ and $Y$ the Banach space $C(X\times Y)$ of continuous real-valued functions on $X\times Y$ endowed with the supremum norm contains a complemented copy of the Banach space $c_{0}$. We extend this theorem to the class of $C_p$-spaces, that is, we prove that for all infinite Tychonoff spaces $X$ and $Y$ the space $C_{p}(X\times Y)$ of continuous functions on $X\times Y$ endowed with the pointwise topology contains either a complemented copy of $\mathbb{R}^{\omega}$ or a complemented copy of the space $(c_{0})_{p}=\{(x_n)_{n\in\omega}\in \mathbb{R}^\omega\colon x_n\to 0\}$, both endowed with the product topology. We show that the latter case holds always when $X\times Y$ is pseudocompact. On the other hand, assuming the Continuum Hypothesis (or even a weaker set-theoretic assumption), we provide an example of a pseudocompact space $X$ such that $C_{p}(X\times X)$ does not contain a complemented copy of $(c_{0})_{p}$.
As a corollary we show that for all infinite Tychonoff spaces $X$ and $Y$ the space $C_{p}(X\times Y)$ is linearly homeomorphic to the space $C_{p}(X\times Y)\times\mathbb{R}$, although, as proved earlier by Marciszewski, there exists an infinite compact space $X$ such that $C_{p}(X)$ cannot be mapped onto $C_{p}(X)\times\mathbb{R}$ by a continuous linear surjection. This provides a positive answer to one problem of Arkhangel'ski.
Our another corollary---analogous to the classical Rosenthal--Lacey theorem for Banach spaces $C(X)$ with $X$ compact and Hausdorff---asserts that for every infinite Tychonoff spaces $X$ and $Y$ the space $C_{k}(X\times Y)$ of continuous functions on $X\times Y$ endowed with the compact-open topology admits a quotient map onto a space isomorphic to one of the following three spaces: $\mathbb{R}^\omega$, $(c_{0})_{p}$ or $c_{0}$.


A survey of the benthic macro-invertebrate fauna of Asejire Reservoir, Southwest Nigeria was carried out for two years to provide information on the occurrence, distribution and abundance of the benthic macro-invertebrates of the reservoir. Twenty sampling stations were established in the reservoir and sediment samples were collected from each station at bimonthly intervals using an improvised Van-veen grab. Data obtained was subjected to descriptive statistics and various biodiversity indices. A total of 364,351 individual macro-invertebrate specimens were collected. The fauna comprised of twenty-eight species. These was composed of the class Insecta (13 spp), Gastropoda (9 spp) and Bivalvia (2 spp), while Arachnida, Malacostraca, Hirudinea and Gordiadea comprised one species each. Potadoma moerch (32.9%), P. freethi (18.3%) and Melanoides tubaculata (9.0%) were the dominant species accounting for more than 60% of the recorded individuals' species while the least occurring species were Sphaerium sp (0.2%) and Hydracarina sp (0.4%). Asejire Reservoir can be inferred to be rich quantitatively and qualitatively in benthic macro-invertebrate fauna based on occurrence and abundance of species recorded during this study.


Patients with hip fractures are best managed by a multidisciplinary team.The multidisciplinary team consists of an orthogeriatrician, orthopaedic surgeon, aanesthesiologist, orthopaedic and/or geriatric nurse, occupational therapist, physical therapist, and clinical pharmacologist and may also inclu


Objective: To compare the effect of two stimulating methods with transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation(TAES) on somatosensory evoked potential(SEP) of stroke subjects.Methods: Twenty-four cases of stroke were randomly divided into two groups according to hospital admission.One group received TAES treatment on the affected upper limb.The other group received TAES treatment on bilateral upper limbs.Treatment lasted for 30 min.SEP was examined on each subject before and after TAES treatment.The amplitude and latency of N9 and N20 of the upper limbs for subjects in two groups were recorded respectively.Results: There is a significant change in the amplitude and latency of N9 and N20 between two groups before treatment and no significant change in the amplitude and latency of N9 and N20 between two groups after treatment.Both groups showed that the amplitude is larger and latency is shorter on N9 and N20 after treatment.Furthermore,the percentage of changes in bilateral upper limbs group was much larger than that in the affected upper limb group,and there was significant different between 2 groups(P0.05).Conclusion: Both methods of stimulation with TAES are reliable but the bilateral upper limbs group is more sensitive to the stimulation than the affected upper limb group.


The dispersal ability of Encarsia amicula,a dominant native parasitoid of Hemiberlesia pitysophila,in the forest was investigated.The results showed its dispersal radius was 200 m 360 days after the release and the speed of its traverse dispersal was quicker than that of vertical dispersal in hills.The changes of environmental conditions had great influence on the parasitoid population,but no influence on the dispersal speed.


Dual use research on H5N1 Influenza is a big debate topic as technologies in research improve. Once DURC research is published, these studies could be misused by bioterrorist and considered a potential risk for public health with individual ill intent. There are many risks and benefits of performing and publishing of H5N1 studies in the United States. Some restriction in DURC are needed to take place to make sure the benefits outweigh the risks, so research could be performed to ensure the global health.


Abstract : Probabilities relating to the future movement of South Indian tropical cyclones are presented. The probabilities are based on observational data of successive 12-hour positions of the centers of these storms. The data are stratified into five seasons December-January, February, March, April and May-November. Geographical areas are defined by five-degree latitude-longitude squares. The probabilities are computed assuming the initial storm position or 'origin' is always at the center of the square and the target areas are always circular areas with radii of one, two and three degrees latitude which are also located at the center of the squares. These probabilities indicate the change of the storm center being within the target areas at the end of specified time intervals. (Modified author abstract)


The hymenopterous parasite which is the subject of this paper was first reared from the Hessian fly (Phytophaga destructor Sav) in the summer of 1915 by the late W. R. McConnell and the author at the Hagerstown, Md., Laboratory of the Cereal and Forage Insect Investigations of the Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture,, when a heavy infestation of that insect pest of wheat occurred generally throughout the wheat-growing region of the Eastern States. At that time specimens of this species were submitted for determination to A. B. Gahan, of the Bureau of Entomology, who tentatively determined them as Polyscelis sp. A subsequent examination of the material and literature, however, revealed it to be a new species and accordingly it was described by Mr. Gahan 3 in 1922 under the name Polyscelis modestus. Although knowledge of this species is rather meager, it seems advisable to record the data which have accumulated concerning its life history, especially in view of the fact that the species is uncommon and no recoveries of it have been made since 1918.


Background: Intramedullary nailing of tibia fulfills the objective of stable fixation with minimal tissue damage resulting in early fracture union. However, it is accompanied by its own set of complications. Materials and Methods: Study area: Burdwan Medical College and Hospital. Study population: Patients attending emergency room and outpatient department 18 years with closed tibial diaphyseal fractures. Sample size: Fifty patients. Study Design: This study was an institution-based retrospective, observational study. Parameters to be Studied: (1) Subjective parameters: (A) resumption of activities of daily living, (B) pain-free movement and walking, and (C) squatting and sitting cross-legged. (2) Objective parameters: (A) clinical (i) weight-bearing time (partial/complete), (ii) clinical union time, (iii) range of motion of knee and ankle, (iv) limb length discrepancy, (v) neurovascular damage, (vi) infection, and (vii) need for second surgery: (a) dynamization, (b) exchange nailing, (c) bone grafting, and (d) ORIF with plate and bone grafting. (B) radiological: (i) radiological union, (ii) varus/valgus, (iii) procurvatum/recurvatum, (iv) rotational malalignment, and (v) implant failure. Results: Final outcome was measured using Johner and Wruhs' Criteria with modification, and excellent result was achieved in 48% patients, good in 34% patients, fair in 12% patients and poor in 6% patients. Conclusion: Closed interlocking nail for closed tibial diaphyseal fractures of tibia is not a "full-proof" technique. Advantages over conservative methods and it's complications, both should be explained, and an informed consent taken before "interlocking" a closed tibial diaphyseal fracture.


Book synopsis: Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle (1623-1673) is unique among women writers of the seventeenth century in the scale of her output and in her aspiration to create a philosophical system. This edition presents Cavendish as a political author, and Susan James includes two major texts, the Orations and The Blazing World, accompanied by the standard series features that enables students to gain a better understanding of one of the truly distinctive political voices of the early modern period.


This paper addresses the determination of the singularity loci of a six-degree-of-freedom spatial parallel platform mechanism of a new type that can be statically balanced. The mechanism consists of a base and a mobile platform that are connected by three legs using five-bar linkages. A general formulation of the Jacobian matrix is first derived that allows one to determine the Plücker vectors associated with the six input angles of the architecture. The linear dependencies between the corresponding lines are studied using Grassmann line geometry, and the singular configurations are presented using simple geometric rules. It is shown that most of the singular configurations of the three-leg six-degree-of-freedom parallel manipulator can be reduced to the generation of a general linear complex. Expressions describing all the corresponding singularities are then obtained in closed form. Thus, it is shown that for a given orientation of the mobile platform, the singularity locus corresponding to the general complex is a quadratic surface (i.e., either a hyperbolic, a parabolic, or an elliptic cylinder) oriented along the z-axis. Finally, three-dimensional representations that show the intersection between the singularity loci and the constant-orientation workspace of the mechanism are given.


. Data from 143 nitrogen (N) response trials on winter cereals carried out at sites across England during the period 1981–1988 were reviewed. Linear regression models for the relationship between optimum N requirements and soil mineral nitrogen (SMN) were evaluated. Multiple regression analyses and F tests were used to determine whether separate regression lines for different combinations of soil group and N Index, substituting for cropping history, were justified, and whether the additional terms used to account for SMN in the 30–60 cm and 60–90 cm depth bands significantly improved the regression model used to fit the data.

The results indicated that optimum N requirement can be predicted from SMN 0–30 cm and 30–60 cm data. However, although the slope of the regression line does not change for different combinations of soil group and N Index, the intercept does. If no allowance is made for differences between sites which alter this intercept, the amount of variation in optimum N requirement accounted for by the regression models is considerably reduced. Factors which should be considered are mineralization of previous crop residues, organic manures and indigenous organic N, and the depth to which SMN is accessible by plant roots.


Based on analyses of heavy-lifting techniques in practice and of the traits of the youth,the article dis- cussed the charateristies,concret training plans,key ponits and key techniques of the first-phase training of young male heavy-lifting athlets.It also ponits out issues that deserves attention in the course of training.


Tremor is a periodic oscillation phenomenon that involuntarily occurs in a range of anatomical units. It has been well known that central nervous system (CNS) factors are important determiners of tremor. The present study on tremor associated with Alzhiemer are important from a clinical perspective because tremor analysis technique have been advocated as a sensitive clinical tool to determine the onset of neurological diseases. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of wrist tremor to develope a diagnostic system of Alzheimer's disease through the measurement and analysis of tremor. The wrist tremors were measured from 30 Alzheimer patients and 30 normal people by using an accelrometry. The time domain and frequency properties of the wrist tremor acceleration signals were compared between the two groups by performing a power spectrum density analysis on the acceleration time-series for each trial. The frequency domain analysis on the wrist tremor showed that the Alzheimer patients and normal elderly revealed the similar modal frequency in 1-6 ㎐, 7-15 ㎐, and 1-15 ㎐ frequency bandwidths. However, in the time domain analysis the Alzheimer patients revealed the significantly less degree of the acceleration than the normal elderly. These results suggest that for more accurate differentiation between two groups the time domain analysis is appropriate for the tremor of the proximal segments while the frequency domain analysis is recommended for the tremor of the distal segments.


The Passive House program is becoming increasingly well-known in North America. This program aims to produce a superior thermal enclosure such that the space conditioning systems may be minimized, if not appreciably eliminated. Many Passive House designs use double-stud or thick wall enclosures. By adding significant thicknesses of cavity insulation, this approach provides a high level of thermal performance (R-value). However, the decreased heat flow through these walls reduces drying and can therefore place colder building components at risk of moisture damage. Constructing walls with exterior continuous insulation is a method that helps minimize these effects by warming critical layers, reducing potential condensation and moisture concerns. This paper reports on two ongoing projects to assess the durability of these assemblies by comparing a 2 × 10 wood-framed wall with nominal exterior insulation in Portland, Oregon to a 2 × 10 wood-framed wall with an interior insulated service cavity in Victoria, British Columbia. Both walls are instrumented to measure temperature and moisture profiles through the assembly, for both the north and south orientations. Historical data from previous research programs will be discussed and compared to measurement data from the current ongoing project. The threshold of performance for these assemblies will be discussed along with solutions to address potential concerns. Analysis of preliminary data shows that it is consistent with past research, and supports the conclusion that exterior insulation can improve durability relative to double-stud walls.


The invention provides a track clamped rail protection device of a multilevel inclined roadway double-rope endless-rope continuous traction system, and relates to the field of endless-rope traction system equipment. The track clamped rail protection device comprises main tracks, multiple protection rail supports and protection rails installed on the protection rail supports, and the protection rail supports are installed on the two sides of the main tracks and evenly distributed along the main tracks. The track clamped rail protection device is simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost and effectively prevents the derailing phenomenon which possibly occurs when a shuttle vehicle and transition trolleys run.


MARCH 2000 73 The first step in the design process was to find a frequency where radio signals could easily penetrate body tissue and communicate with external equipment, yet have a wavelength small enough to permit the use of a miniature, unobtrusive antenna, which is in itself small enough to fit on an existing pacemaker. For example, an antenna that is built to operate at an ultra high frequency of 2450 MHz would have a quarter wavelength of approximately 3 cm and could easily be manufactured small and unobtrusive. But at this frequency, radio signals can only penetrate a few centimeters of body tissue. On the other hand, radio signals at a frequency of 433 MHz would penetrate body tissue well enough to communicate with outside equipment, but antennas used at this frequency are normally 5 or 6 in. (12.7 or 15.24 cm) long. This type of antenna that is attached to a pacemaker would protrude into other parts of the body and risk infection or lung punctures. Nonetheless, the authors decided to develop a miniaturized 433-MHz antenna that could fit onto the battery pack of the pacemaker. The authors chose to pursue a particular type of antenna design known as a microstrip antenna, which Cynthia Furse Assistant Professor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84335; (435) 797-2870, FAX: (435) 797-3054, email: email@example.com. Design An Antenna For Pacemaker Communication Computer optimization helps develop an antenna that is small enough to fit on a pacemaker battery pack. DESIGN FEATURE


Introduction: in the game culture of the Khanty and Mansi we can distinguish a whole complex of various games, which are based on interaction with bones as well as with items made of other horn-like materials. Objective: to present a system of traditional games of the Ob Ugrians with bones and items made of other horn-like materials with the selection and description of these games and related toys. Research materials: information about the traditional games of the Kazym Khanty, the Ural and Surgut Khanty (partially), the Sosva Mansi and etc., collected and recorded by the author in the field, as well as the materials contained in the published sources. Results and scientific novelty of the research: information collected on the traditional games of the Khanty and Mansi with bones and items made of other horn-like materials is systematized; classification of these games is presented; a comparative analysis of outdoor games with bones of the Ob-Ugrians and other nations is carried out (partially). Traditional games and toys made of bone and other horn-like materials as one of the direction of


The invention relates to a test method, in particular to a method for testing a load position. The method comprises the following steps of: A, arranging more than two strain sensors on the surface of a bridge at intervals and connecting the strain sensors with a dynamic strain acquisition module to acquire strain data of the bridge; B, arranging more than two deflection sensors at the bottom of the bridge at intervals and connecting the deflection sensors with a dynamic deflection acquisition module to acquire deflection data of the bridge; C, arranging a laser distance measurement sensor at the head or the tail of the bridge, and connecting the laser distance measurement sensor with the dynamic deflection acquisition module to measure the load position; and D, connecting the dynamic strain sensors, the deflection sensors and the laser distance measurement sensor with a computer, wherein the computer can generate a curve graph of the response relation of the load position and the bridge according to the acquired data.


Introduction

Criteria for Design and Optimization

Strain Construction and Strain Improvement

Modern Experimental Techniques

High-Performance Bioreactors

Quantitative Physiological Studies

Bibliography

Keywords:

fermentation;
high-performance bioreactors;
metabolic control analysis;
metabolic engineering;
metabolic flux analysis;
on-line monitoring;
quantitative physiology


Phase Congruency (PC) can highlight small discontinuities in images with varying illumination and contrast using the congruency of phase in Fourier components. PC can not only detect the subtle variations in the image intensity but can also highlight the anomalous values to develop a deeper understanding of the images content and context. In this paper, we propose a new method based on PC for computational seismic interpretation with an application to subsurface structures delineation within migrated seismic volumes. We show the effectiveness of the proposed method as compared to the edge- and texture-based methods for salt domes boundary detection. The subjective and objective evaluation of the experimental results on the real seismic dataset from the North Sea, F3 block show that the proposed method is not only computationally very efficient but also outperforms the state of the art methods for salt dome delineation.


By fish's nutrient equipments and salt changes in breeding water,a specialty fertilizer for fish bait is researched and tested.The formula of the fertilizer and its application in a pool are presented.An output / input ratio of 9.5 is proved by the test in a 3hm2 pool.


There are many variables to consider in the design of an electric motor. However, meeting the performance requirements for an electric vehicle drive may cause a designer to loose focus on its typical operation and hence fail to optimise the motor in the region where it processes the most power. This paper investigates operating requirements of electric vehicle motor drives using the University concept vehicle as an example. The paper outlines a methodology for determining primary operating region of a vehicle drive. The methodology is applied to standard driving cycles that are commonly used in the design and testing of vehicles.


The purpose of this study is to understand how interaction and relationships happen in a specific communicational situation mediated by a computer available to all people and of unlimited access to internet. It considers the relational perspective of the system organizationpublic which envolves the Public Relations activity. In that matter, this research is composed of two different parts: 1) thoretical basis, with review and study of existing bibliography about ideas on interaction relationships and public, and 2) performing the aplied research, given the interaction and the relationship observed in "Pills of Quality". Those are characterized as a strategic communication which presents contents of quality management throght twelve narrations in animation observed from October 2001 to July 2007. This kind of communication is an iniciative of the Gaucho Program of Quality for Productivity (PGQP) and it is available at the site Qualishop Online. In order to achieve its goal and respond to the problem question, this reasearch adopts, as methodological procedure, documental research and discursive textual analisys of each of these "Pills of Quality". Key-words: Public Relations, Internet, Interaction, Relationship, Public, Cartoon


Lena River is the largest watercourse in Eastern Siberia. The upper reaches of the river, 1600 km long, starts from the source to the mouth of the Vitim River. We collected data on perch biology in different seasons: in the Lena River in the section from the mouth of the Tutura River (right tributary 3,812 km from the mouth) to the mouth of the Ichora River (left tributary 2,973 km from the mouth) in different seasons from 2007 to 2022; in the Kuta 10-km section from 10 to 20 km from the river mouth in August 2011; Kirenga River from the mouth of the Marekta Brook (400 km from the mouth) to the mouth of the Garynya Brook (379 km) in April 2016, June 2013-2014, September 2014 and October 2015, at 217 km, the mouth of the Cherepanikha River (144 km) and Ichikta River (82 km), June 2022; the Piljuda (left tributary 3050 km from the mouth), April 2010, May 2017 and June 2019; Vitim River. In rhe Vitim river main channel (582 km from the river mouth) to a nameless creek (551 km from the river mouth), June, September 2010 and June, August 2012; in four lakes in Okunayka River – Kirenga River basin: Lake Blizhnee, July 2012; Lake Dal'nee, July-August 2012, July and September 2015; Lake Durgan, July and September 2012, August 2012, July, 2017 and September 2015; Lake Podkova, September 2015; Lake Golubtsovskoe (Vitim River along the right bank 5.5 km upstream Labazny Brook (561 km from the mouth)), June and September 2010, August 2012. The perch in the investigated sites is one of the most numerous in the composition of fish fauna, occupying from 8.29 % to 61.43 % in catches. In the sections of the Lena and Kirenga rivers where the least anthropogenic load is observed, in the Dalneye and Durgan lakes a complex age structure is characteristic, consisting of more than 10 age groups, with the predominance of fish of 4-5+ age in catches. The lowest age range is observed in the reservoirs where active fishing is observed; in the Kuta River and the Piljuda River the age range in catches is represented by 4 and 6 age groups, with predominance in catches of fish of 1+ age. The highest rates of linear weight growth among riverine populations are characteristic of fish from the main channel of the Lena River and the Kirenga River, slightly lower from the Vitim River. The lowest rates were recorded for perch from the Kuta and Peluda rivers. Among lacustrinal populations, the greatest growth is characteristic to perch from Dal'nee Lake and nearby Podkova Lake, the smallest being demonstrated by fish from the small floodplain lake Golubtsovskoye. Sex ratio of perch population in the main channel of Upper Lena is characterized by the change in the ratio of males and females with age from 1:0,69 in younger age groups to 1:1,9 in older age groups. In the Vitim River it is 1:1.55. In the Kirenga River it is 1:1.2 with an almost threefold superiority of females at age four. In the Dal'nee Lake, the proportion varies from 1:0.75 to 1:2.5 with age. In lakes Durgan, Blizhnee and Golubtsovskoe an essential prevalence of females over males in all age groups is observed; on the average it is 1:3.6, 1:1.4 and 1:1.7, respectively. Maturity in the Lena's main channel occurs sporadically in males at the second year of life, in females one year later; in the Kirenga River at the age of three years; in the Vitim River, in males at the third year of life, in females at the fourth. Spawning takes place in the second half of May to early June. The absolute individual fecundity of perch from the Lena River averaged 27,200 eggs, 12,053 in the Peluda River, 32,400 in the Kirenga River, 30,780 eggs in Lake Dal'nee, 23,329 eggs in Lake Durgan, and 27,923 eggs in Lake Podkova. Perch is a predator by nature of feeding, the gudgeon and river minnow are the main food items in the Lena River, river minnow and Amur minnow in the Kirenga River, ruff, river minnow and young of their own species in the Vitim River, benthic organisms in the majority of lake reservoirs.


The effect of the exit plane conditions on the initial region of an axisymmetric jet was systematically investigated. An essentially top-hat mean velocity profile and a homogeneous turbulence structure were maintained at the exit plane for eight distinct scale and intensity conditions. Mass and momentum flux values are independent of the exit turbulence structure for the range investigated; however, a significant (approximately 25%) increase in the latter implies a pronounced static pressure decrement inside the jet. Details of the velocity profile and turbulence structure are influenced by the exit plane conditions. The three radial-axial components of the Reynolds stress tensor have been conditionally sampled and are analyzed to show the initial condition effects.


Interconnecting mode of high-performance cluster makes a great difference to the system,s performance.IBTA provides high bandwidth for networks,moreover fat tree topology structure has now found wide applications because of its advantageous features of non-blocking and CBB transmission.This paper,based on introducing IBTA and fat tree topology,tries to combine them and gives an analysis and study of the impact of pruned fat-tree topology on the average transmission latency.Lastly,the paper provides a design of building large-scale cluster system with IB devices according to the study result.


community organizations are qualitatively different institutions. It is also difficult to see a proliferation of organizers across associational life. There are several important shortcomings in this book. They do not, however, take away from its central insights. Kosnoski's innovative reading of Dewey and analysis of the lived experience of communication are highly valuable for anyone interested in democratic theory.


with various CHD types, and 56 healthy persons at the age 35 to 65 y. o. All participants underwent laboratory testing for glucose level and lipid profile in blood. Applanation tonometry was done, and volumetric sphygmography, ultrasound scanning of common carotid arteries with the technology of high frequency RF signal. Results. All participants were selected into two cohorts: younger and older than 50 y. o., which included patients with no hemodynamically significant stenoses of coronary arteries, with significant stenosis of one artery and healthy persons. According to the results of traditional risk factors analysis, CHD patients more prevalently had tobacco addiction, arterial hypertension, as well as family anamnesis of lipid disorders. By ultrasound scanning data of common carotid arteries, the parameters of arterial stiffness predominated in patients with coronary lesions. Applanation tonometry showed that CHD patients and healthy persons had comparable levels of central arterial pressure in both age groups. In all healthy persons the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was within normal range, and in CHD it was higher by 10 m/s. Volumetric sphygmography showed that severity of coronary lesion correlated with the increase of vascular rigidity parameters. Conclusion. The results of current study confirm the necessity for development of novel criteria of risk assessment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases early development. Screening for predictors of early vascular ageing syndrome will make it to identify persons with low relative but high absolute risk of coronary events.


Proposes a method of progressive meshes based on restricted quadtree between blocks of different resolution, and the real-time dynamic triangulation controlled by giving view dependent error come true. The experiments show that this algorithm is very good of the real-time LoD controlling for large scale terrain visualization and also for the real-time rendering.


Arachidonic acid can be catalyzed by three different kind of metabolizing enzyme: cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX) and/or cytochrome P450 (CYP), and they produce prostaglandins, monohydroxys, leukotrienes and epoxyeicosanoids respectively. Through the cytochrome P450 pathway, arachidonic acid can be converted to two kinds of eicosanoid acids: epoxyeicosanoids acid (EET) by cytochrome P450 and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) formed by CYP α-oxidases.


Abstract : This report covers the theoretical advantages and practical ramifications of a proposed new technique for compensating for the daily loss of lift (gamma) experienced by long-duration high-altitude scientific balloon flights. This technique, 'Gas Replenishment', would transfer stored helium from an onboard dewar to the balloon, to replace gas lost due to temperature excursions. It would be a direct substitute for systems presently in use which drop ballast, that is, reduce system gross weight, to compensate for loss of lift. (With gas replenishment, lift is restored directly, with only a small change in system gross weight. A short summary of zero-pressure balloon flight theory is given at the start, to lead into the explanation of conventional ballast practices and computations. The ballast equations are then modified to apply to the gas replenishment technique. Calculations for typical constant-gamma flights are summarized for each method of loss compensation and the clear superiority of gas replenishment is demonstrated in the areas of gross system weight of launch, usable payload weight and anticipated flight duration. Basic equations are then developed for a more complicated model of the gas replenishment system in which the value of gamma varies from day to day. Computations using these formulas are summarized in tabular form. The final section of the report is given over to the design problems associated with the type of dewar and heat exchange equipment needed to implement the gas replenishment concept. (Author)


. The superconductivity confined in a two-dimensional interface exhibits many exotic phenomena that have certain counterparts in layered cuprates and iron-based superconductors, and thus provides rare opportunities to reveal the mystery of high temperature superconductivity therein. By constructing and tailoring hybrid heterostructures such as FeSe/SrTiO 3 (FeSe/STO), interface-enhanced superconductivity arouses, and the substrate has been demonstrated to provide the phonons and enhance the strong electron– phonon coupling (EPC) withinmonolayer FeSe. More research and reporting systems uncover that the band-bending induced charge transfer at the interface could become a unified microscopic picture to design the andunconventionalsuperconductors,thecommoncharacteristicssuchasbandbendingandrigidbandshift are perceived in the FeSe/STO, LAO/STO and cuprate superconductors. This review may provide important information to inspect the mechanism of high- T c superconductivity from a di ff erent view. a unified microscopic picture on how the interface superconductivity is prompted remains puzzling. For this purpose, we not only review the experimental research including spectroscopic study of 1UC FeSe/STO, CuO 2 /Bi2212, but also reexamine the previous results of LAO/STO [31] and even cuprate superconductors, and aim to capture the common characteristics among them. The ef-fects of charge transfer and band alignment are discussed first in the four systems. Then the rigid band shift and EPC are examined in the 1UC FeSe/STO, cuprates and LAO/STO systems. The polar nature's influence on LAO/STO and cuprate on the tilted band structure is highlighted. All dis-cussions include the similar token in cuprates and may provide more insights into understanding


BACKGROUND
The central sterile supply department (CSSD) ensures the quality of medical care and controls infection. The professional, standardized, and scientific management of the CSSD is prerequisite if a hospital is to realize sustainable development. Based on the management mode and under the guidance of key point control theory, this study developed the CSSD management quality sensitive index to analyze its effects on the management quality of the CSSD.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 282 medical devices processed from January 2020 to June 2020 (the control group), and 280 medical devices sterilized from July 2020 to December 2020 (the observation group). The devices in the control group were cleaned and disinfected according to the conventional operation process, while the observation group used a management quality sensitive index that had been developed according to the management mode, as guided by the key point control theory, and managed by the CSSD. The sensitive indexes of the two groups before and after the intervention were recorded to evaluate the work quality of CSSD medical staff.

RESULTS
After the intervention, the process indexes, such as the qualified rate of cleaning quality, qualified rate of assembly, qualified rate of labeling, and correct rate of sterilization, the qualification rate of the sterilization results, the rate of intact packaging, and the rate of intact instruments, the environmental status, packaging quality, cleaning quality, and equipment management scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of wet packaging in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The service quality indexes, such as the replenishment time, retrieval time and preparation time of goods, of the observation group were significantly shorter than those of the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
The quality sensitive index constructed under the guidance of the key point control theory can be used to guide the quality management of the CSSD, improve the processing results of key points in key control processes, and improve the work quality and service quality of the medical staff.


and loads, storage, and removal mechanisms of Hg in stormwater in the Bay Area, an extensive review of world literature was used to develop a mercury mass balance model (budget) (Figure 1). The following equation constrains the movement of Hg mass through the Bay Area stormwater conveyance systems: MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT of mercury bioaccumulation and environmental mercury in the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project


Nowadays, organizations discover that it is essential to protect their valuable information and internal resources from unauthorized access like deploying firewall. As the use of internet is growing rapidly the possibility of attack is also increasing in that ratio. Signature is the pattern that you look for inside a data packet. Signatures may be present in different parts of a data packet depending upon the nature of the attack. Intrusion detection system's main role in a network is to help computer systems to prepare and deal with the network attacks. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) have become a key component in ensuring the safety of systems and networks. These systems enforce a security policy by inspecting arriving packets for known signatures (patterns). Snort is mostly used signature based IDS because of it is Lightweight and open source software. Basic analysis and security engine (BASE) is also used to see the alerts generated by Snort. In this paper we have implemented the signature-based Network intrusion detection using Snort and WinPcap. KeywordsNetwork Intrusion Detection System, Snort, Signature-based, WinPcap, BASE


Introduction: O2 pulse (i.e. the ratio of VO2/HR) is a reference variable, obtained during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), which reflects the non-invasive measure of stroke volume (SV). No...


Small forest patches (SFPs) are considered as one of the most important landscape elements, enriching the monotonous agricultural areas. Various studies focus on the ecological role of SFPs, however none provides a comprehensive characteristics of the reasons for their occurrence in post-glacial areas. The location of SFPs within field areas is not incidental, and the occurrence is mainly determined by physiographic factors which prevent or hinder the use of such areas for agriculture. To a large extent, the distribution of SFPs is determined by the origin of the given area which, in the case of Europe and North America, is related to ice sheets and their effects over millennia. Therefore, the aim of the present paper was the assessment of the reasons for the occurrence of SFPs within intensely cultivated agricultural post-glacial areas in Western Pomerania of Poland. It was found that the occurrence of SFPs is related to natural abiotic factors, the most important being gradient of a slope, presence of sandy soils and wetlands. Additionally, the significance of these factors, size of SFPs and their spatial characteristics to a large degree are determined by geomorphological variability of the area.


As natural carbon sinks, coastal wetlands are of great significance to alleviate global climate change. However, due to environmental pollution, the soil carbon sequestration capacity of coastal wetlands is decreasing, and then the emission of CO2 is accelerated. The Yellow River Delta is one of the largest deltas in China. Economic development and human activities have led to the input of large quantities of microplastics. Microplastics can alter soil properties, causing the emission of CO2 to be affected. However, the impact of common microplastics in coastal wetlands on CO2 generation and emission is not clear. In this study, tread particles (TP) and polypropylene (PP) particles were applied to coastal wetland soil to study their effects on greenhouse gas CO2 emissions. The results showed that the cumulative emission of CO2 increased by 32.7% - 49.5% and 13.9% - 24.6% respectively compared with CK 14 days after the addition of TP and PP. The promoting effect of TP was stronger than that of PP. The results provided theoretical and basic data support for the evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions and atmospheric environmental effects of Yellow River Delta wetlands under microplastics pollution.


Acute psychosocial stress has been linked to the onset of vaso-occlusive pain crises in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), however mechanistic insight is lacking. Studies suggest that histamine is a stress-responsive factor and promotes inflammation. In SCD, histamine levels are elevated in association with vaso-occulsive crisis, however, the impact of acute stress is unknown. We hypothesized that acute stress in a humanized SCD mouse model stimulates the histamine pathway, inflammatory mediator release, and a pressor response. Acute stress was induced using cage switch stress (CSS) in male humanized SCD (HbSS) or control (HbAA) mice (n=6-8/group) with blood pressure (BP) monitored by radiotelemetry and mice terminated at baseline (BL, no CSS) and 30 min post-CSS for plasma measurements. Plasma histamine was unchanged in HbAA mice but was elevated in HbSS in response to CSS (nM; HbAA: 90.2±21.3; 104.3±10.2; HbSS: 91.1±13.6; 174.3±19.2*, *p<0.01 vs genotype BL). HbSS mice have significantly higher IL-6 levels at BL and post-CSS (ug/mL; HbAA: 20±4, 23±7; HbSS: 37±8, 65±5*, p
 genotype
 =0.0001, *p<0.05 vs genotype BL). Significant stress-by-genotype effects were found for E-selectin (ug/mL; BL vs CSS: HbAA: 7.9±0.9, 6.4±0.8; HbSS: 10±0.7, 13±1.4*, *p
 genotype
 <0.001) and P-selectin (ug/mL; BL vs CSS: HbAA: 29±2.7, 25±2.1; HbSS: 33±3.0, 42±4.1*, *p
 genotype
 <0.01). The peak mean arterial pressure response to CSS was blunted in HbSS versus HbAA mice and was driven by lower diastolic BP (DBP), not systolic BP. Mice were treated with H1 and H2 receptor antagonists, diphenhydramine and cimetidine, to examine the histamine pathway in the BP response to CSS. Following H1/H2 receptor antagonism, the CSS-induced peak DBP response was similar in HbAA mice, but was elevated in HbSS mice (change in BP, mmHg; vehicle vs H1/H2 blockade: HbAA: 32±2, 30±1; HbSS: 23±2, 31±2*, *p<0.05 vs genotype vehicle). These data reveal that acute stress stimulates histamine release and inflammatory mediators in HbSS mice but not HbAA. Further, the stress-induced DBP response is dependent on the histamine H1/H2 pathway in HbSS mice. These data identify that in SCD the histamine pathway may be stress-responsive and represents a link between acute stress and vaso-occlusive crises.


Unlike the straight girders, horizontally curved girders are subjected to not only bending moments but also torsional moments. It is well known that the torsional moment of the plate girder is addition of St. Venant torsion and non-uniform torsion. In the flange of I-shaped plate girder, a kind of open-section, the normal stresses is not distributed uniformly due to the non-uniform torsion. Because of that, one of compression flange tip can be yielded faster than the flange of general straight girder. In other words, the flange local buckling strength is decreased when the girder has initial curvature. In this paper, the numerical analysis is conducted to investigate the ultimate moments for curved girders. The subtended angle and slenderness ratio are taken as parameters.


The year 2012 was a milestone in the history of clean water in the United States. It marked the 40th anniversary of what many believe to be the most successful federal environmental statute, the Clean Water Act (CWA). During the four decades since the CWA's enactment in 1972 over a presidential veto, significant progress has been made to improve the health and quality of the nation's waters. Rivers such as the Cuyahoga River in Ohio that literally caught fire and burned in the late 1960s and were devoid of any aquatic life now host growing populations of fish and waterfowl; streams and lakes that were once unsafe for swimming or recreational activities now boast swimmers and boaters; and urban waterfronts across the country that once sat in decay and disrepair are now redeveloped with bustling commercial and residential activity and the potential for further growth. All of these advances have been made possible through the CWA.


This study deals with the changes in the interpretation of relations between the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the establishment of Czechoslovakia in the autumn of 1918, throughout the 20th century. The interwar era emphasized the importance of T. G. Masaryk and the Czechoslovak legions, after the World War II - especially in 1948-1989 - the establishment of Czechoslovakia was associated with the Russian October Revolution of 1917, in response to communist riots. The interpretation of the origin of Czechoslovakia in 1918 is much more diversified today, at the beginning of the 21st century; in relation to the Russian environment, it rather recalls the importance of the February Revolution of 1917, the overthrow of the Tsar, which could also lead to the overthrow of the Austro-Hungarian and German empires.


The Standards of Practice (SOP) and Standards of Professional Performance (SOPP) for Registered Dietitians in Nephrology Care were released in September 2009, and published in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association and in the online version of the Journal of Renal Nutrition. This marked the completion of a 3-year joint project between the National Kidney Foundation Council on Renal Nutrition (NKF-CRN) and the American Dietetic Association Renal Practice Group (ADA-RPG). The SOP and SOPP provide a framework to help us evaluate our individual practices, and guide us in deciding our next steps in professional development and ongoing education, whether we are new renal dietitians or experienced professionals. The two standards are also a tool for demonstrating individual competence in delivering nutrition services. The SOP and SOPP answer the question, ''What skills, competencies, and knowledge must renal dietitians possess to provide safe and effective care in nephrology nutrition?'' If you have not yet read the SOP and SOPP, I encourage you to study the entire document. There are four standards of professional practice, and six standards of professional performance. The SOP and SOPP will be reviewed and updated every 5 years, to reflect advances and changes in nephrology nutrition care. The volunteer workgroup of renal dietitians who worked tirelessly together in bringing this project to completion deserves our recognition


This paper is intended to be a reflection of critical events that shaped my leadership and philosophical positions on justice applications. After a thirty-five-year career in correctional administration, it's difficult for me to suggest that significant progress has been made regarding prison management, sentencing policies, and society's attitude about persons who commit crimes in the United States. The advent of the "prison industrial complex" seems rooted in reality given the huge increase of correctional populations. In essence, prisons have become a major economic development tool. Despite the increase of incarcerated persons, technical and social advances are being realized. The emergence of offender reentry models offer some semblance of hope that formerly incarcerated persons can go home—and stay. The adaptation of evidence-based principles and practices further suggests that decisions regarding programming and risk can help determine what works. It is proposed that a social justice philosophy, requiring that all the various sectors of society participate in offender reintegration, be adopted.


In the teacher's work classroom language takes an important position,which is used to teach students knowledge and exchange feeling.Therefore grasping classroom language is the basis for teachers to do work well.


"The tint of the forehead so exactly matches that of the face and nose that it must be the first choice" –Sir Harold Gillies and D. Ralph Millard Flaps from the frontal and temporal region have been used for mid-face, orbital, and peri-orbital reconstruction. The knowledge of the vascular anatomy of the region helps to dissect and harvest the muscle/fascia/skin/combined tissue flaps from that region depending on the requirement. Maxillectomy defects are usually covered with free flaps to fill the cavity. Here, we report an innovative technique in which a patient with a maxillectomy with external skin defect was covered with pedicled forehead flap based on the parietal and frontal branches of superficial temporal artery.


The aim of this paper is to verify activity index (pozzolanic reactivity) of finegrained waste glass and clay brick. First part of this work consists from milling process with variation in milling parameters (time, grinding ratio) and determination (analysis) of the grain size distribution. Subsequently strength activity index is assessed for samples of particles size 50-60 μm. According to EN 450-1 method, tested samples does not reached an appropriate limit values as 25% substitute of cement. This result does not disqualify this type of construction and demolition waste as active additive in building materials but it is necessary improving their input parameters.


the extent was to investigate the effects of hormonal replacement on in postmenopausal women. In a hospital-based study examinations of 81 women were evaluated retrospectively, before and af ter 1-2 years of treatment with oestrogens or a com bination of oestrogens and progestagens. Each indi vidual mammographie film was examined separately, and the glandular tissue was classified according to a a screening-centrebased study two consecutive mammograms, with a 2year interval, of 645 women, of whom 70 were using some kind of hormone therapy, were evaluated retro spectively. In the hospital-based study 31 % of pa tients treated with combination HRT showed an increase m tibroglandular tissue 8.7 % in the group treated with oestrogens alone. was statistically significant {p = 0.046). In the screening-based study 14.3 % of the wo men using hormonal therapy showed an increase, whereas in the non-users no increase was found (p = 1.24 x 10~l°). After beginning HRT many women (between 14 and 25 % in our experience) can be exincrease in be aware of the aetiology of such changes, and can obtain information on HRT most conveniently by Introduction In The Netherlands hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) is widely prescribed for postmenopausal women for the treatment of perimenopausal symptoms [1, 2] and prevention of osteoporosis [3, 4]. Furthermore, HRT has been associated with a reduced risk of devel oping cardiovascular disease [5, 6]. Hysterectomized women are commonly treated with unopposed oestro gens, whereas the addition of a progestagen to the oes trogen is generally accepted in non-hysterectomized women to prevent the development of oestrogen-in duced endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma [7]. There has been a breast cancer screening program in the city of Nijmegen since 1975. Recently, this program was expanded nationwide. A ll women between the ages of 50 and 70 years are being screened once every 2 years. The women being screened are close to or al ready in the postmenopausal stage. Normally, the fibroglandular breast tissue decreases, or at least remains sta ble, in this age group [8-12]. However, occasionally an increase in glandular tissue was noticed at mammogra phy. A ll these cases concerned postmenopausal women undergoing HRT. This study was therefore undertaken to investigate the frequency of parenchymal breast changes in postmenopausal women receiving HRT. Subjects and methods This study comprised two separate retrospective investi gations: a hospital-based study and a screening-centre based study of the changes in parenchymal breast chan ges during HRT. Correspondence to: M. J. van der Mooren * Present address: Department of Radiology, H .E. Oduber Hospi tal, P. O. Box 569, Oranjestad, Aruba Hospital-based study Hormonal replacement therapy. In this study mammo graphie examinations of 81 healthy postmenopausal wo men (mean age ± SD: 54.0 + 3.3 years) receiving HRT in 750 R. C Marugg et al.: Mammographie changes in postmenopausal women on HRT Table 1. Hospital-based study: distribution of hormone replace ment therapy (HRT)


Few people know the prewar presence of Japanese settlers in Papua and New Guinea.(1) Onlyelders of the villages and islands or the descendants of the migrants, can tell the full story. Some Japanese activities were also recorded in official reports or in literature, but only when their presence annoyed the western colonisers or pleased Japanese nationalists. The other exception was the report of a curious western anthropologist who happened to hear about the Japanese from New Guinean villagers. Prob ably because of the lack of written materials, this small but important settlement did not attract academic interest. It is important because the settlers were different from other Japanese in other South Pacific islands or in Australia. Those in Papua and New Guinea had independent business in terests, unlike others who were mostly labourers for European entrepreneurs. Their community was un ique because it functioned like a small Japanese colony within the western colonial structure. In my previous article [Iwamoto, 1994], I attempted to construct a overall framework in the analysis of the settlement which existed from the early 19th century to the outbreak of the Pacific War. I tried to pre sent the reality of the migrants by contrasting the nationalist perceptions of both Australian officials and Japanese nanshin-ron advocates. In this article, I shall explain how such a settlement started and developed, analysing its implications in the contexts of Japanese social history and the colonial history of Australia and Papua and New Guinea. I focus on the period from 1890 to 1914 because the settle ment was most prosperous in this period, showing sharp contrast to the period after the outbreak of World War Two in which the settlement began to decline.


We demonstrate that an absolutely flat band retains the superconducting state at $T_c\to 0$. When $T_c>0$ the flat band disappears, since it must be modified by the superconducting state. Thus, a number of the results on ultra-strong coupling superconductivity in flat band considered in the article ("Evidence for Dirac flat band superconductivity enabled by quantum geometry", Nature 614, 440 (2023)) were predicted and explained many years ago. One has to take into account that at $T_c>0$ the flat band distorts, becoming tilted. As a result, the charge carriers' velocity $v_F\propto T_c$ becomes finite, rather than being extremely slow, as it is stated in the article. Thus, the statement"the charge carriers' group velocity $v_ F$ is extremely slow"is incorrect and leads the authors to the conceptional misunderstanding, confusing the reader.


An object of the present invention is to provide a device for reducing the noise. The present invention relates to a device for passive reduction of the sound vibrations in the liquid due to the sound source disposed below the liquid surface of the body of water, said device being disposed over said sound source comprises an elongate tube is possible, the tube has an outer wall and an inner wall, the tube is designed to maintain the desired pressure in the intermediate space between the inner and outer wall It is. In this case, the pressure is reduced to ambient pressure. Result, the sound vibration of the vacuum pressure is so easily not transmitted to the outside, the noise level in the region around the tubes is reduced.


Objective To discuss the applied value of cervix lesion screen with TCT.Methods The TCT and Pap smear were detected for 1800 cases of such patients.TBS report system was adopted.Positive results include: LSIL and even high grade lesions.The sensitivity and the specificity of two methods were compared with histo-pathology results as golden standard.Results The detection rate of LSIL,HSIL and Ca with TCT were improved 49.70%,56.41% and 100% comparing with Pap smear.The coincidence rate were improved 5.56% comparing with histopathology,19.48% and 0.0%.Conclusion The positive rate and coincidence rate of TCT screen were higher than those of pap smear.It might be an ideal method instead of pap smear.


This essay examines the films of the Nazi period concerned with questions of justice and the administration of the law. It traces the ways in which law films developed prior to the Nazi era. It notes the apparent paradox of the Nazi obsession with questions of justice, law, and legality which are found in their strictly controlled film output. The use of film as a mass propaganda weapon affected legal subjects and this can be seen as a means of creating consensus. This centred on the role of the state in creating a system which allowed the individual to be integrated into the mythical folk community. Those who threatened this social cohesion were depicted as threats to the common sense of ordinary people and this stretched from propaganda films into comedies.


Preeclampsia (PE), new‐onset hypertension during pregnancy, is associated with a pro‐inflammatory state with activated T cells, cytolytic natural killer (NK) cells, dysregulated complement proteins, and B cells secreting agonistic autoantibodies to the angiotensin II type‐1 receptor (AT1‐AA). The reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) model of placental ischemia recapitulates these features of PE. Blocking CD40L‐CD40 communication between T and B cells or B cell depletion with Rituximab prevents hypertension and AT1‐AA production in RUPP rats. This suggests that T cell‐dependent B cell activation contributes to the hypertension and AT1‐AA associated with PE. B2 cells maturing into antibody producing plasma cells are the product of T cell‐dependent B cell‐interactions and B cell Activating Factor (BAFF) is an integral cytokine in the development of B2 cells specifically. Thus, we hypothesize that BAFF blockade will selectively deplete B2 cells, therefore reducing blood pressure, AT1‐AA, activated NK Cells, and complement in the RUPP rat model of PE.


BACKGROUND
Food additives are an integral part of the modern food system, but opinion polls showing most Europeans have worries about them imply an urgent need for ethical analysis of their use.

SOURCES OF DATA
The existing literature on food ethics, safety assessment and animal testing.

AREAS OF AGREEMENT
Food additives provide certain advantages in terms of many people's lifestyles.

AREAS OF CONTROVERSY
There are disagreements about the appropriate application of the precautionary principle and of the value and ethical validity of animal tests in assessing human safety.

GROWING POINTS
Most consumers have a poor understanding of the relative benefits and risks of additives, but concerns over food safety and animal testing remain high.

AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH
Examining the impacts of food additives on consumer sovereignty, consumer health and on animals used in safety testing should allow a more informed debate about their appropriate uses.


For a control method of position and bending-torsion-coupled vibration of a rotating plate, a control method using double trapezoid tendon mechanisms is presented in this study. The proposed trapezoid tendon mechanisms consist of two control sticks, two pairs of wires and two driving sticks individually driven by motors. First, the modeling of the proposed mechanism is carried out by applying the Lagrange's equation method and the modal expansion technique. Secondly, by formulating the crite rion function to take into account the square sum of the rotation angle, the bending, stress and the torsion angle of a thin plate, the optimal control law is derived. Finally, in order to investigate the usefulness of the mechanism, computer simulations and experiments were carried out. To summarize the results, it was demonstrated that the proposed control mechanism is useful for the controls of both the positioning and the vibrations.


Bittner et al. [1] provide interesting data with regard to clopidogrel and Aprotinin use and long-term survival post coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). A number of issues however need to be addressed prior to adopting their recommendations.

Firstly identification of Aprotinin as a potentially harmful agent was delayed due to the large number of inadequately powered studies confirming its effects on reducing blood loss, but inadequately powered with regard to complications and long-term survival [2]. Any study utilising 213 Aprotinin treated patients in two limbs is underpowered, and risks repeating previous mistakes.

Secondly univariate analysis of survival (Kaplan-Meier) is statistically unsafe in situations where numerous significant factors determine long-term survival, hence the technique of Cox regression analysis. As Bittner has not adjusted for any significant confounding variables the conclusions drawn are potentially incorrect. We have recently described [3] age, diabetes, left ventricle function, body mass index, peripheral vascular disease, dialysis, left internal mammary artery (LIMA) usage, EuroSCORE, and creatinine kinase muscle-brain isotype (CKMB) as factors that would need to be included in the Cox analysis. The risk survival figure obtained would then need to be plotted at the mean of the covariates to assess the effect of clopidogrel.

Thirdly from their analysis it is impossible to separate the timing of stopping of clopidogrel and its use post operatively, on the benefit on long term survival. Assessment of platelet function pre operatively may enable an 'optimum' platelet inhibition range to be identified where the rate of bleeding and blood product utilisation is at a minimum and long-term survival is at a maximum. In addition the dose and anti platelet effect of aspirin was not mentioned in the manuscript.

Fourthly recommending Aprotinin usage would seem incongruent with their data as the combined clopidogrel Aprotinin group had the worst long-term survival of 79.7% compared to clopidogrel alone 93.8%.

Lastly, no studies exist as to the beneficial effect of blood transfusion on long term survival, in the absence of catastrophic haemorrhage [4]. This makes the recommendation of a technique that increases transfusion requirements as a 'high risk approach'.

Adopting a surgical strategy that involves increased blood product administration and the utilisation of Aprotinin seems intuitively incorrect, however adequately powered and analysed studies are needed.

Conflict of Interest: None declared


The five aspects of practice base,school teaching,scientific research,recruitment and employment combined into a whole is the new model of running school explored in Jinhua College of Profession and Technology.The model of "Five in One" has its foundation.Practical teaching base is the foundation of integrating school with enterprises,recruitment is the starting point of interaction between school and enterprises,school teaching is the core of cooperation between school and enterprises,scientific research is the promotion of fusion of school and enterprises,and employment is the great achievements of mutual benefits of school and enterprises.The model of "Five in One" has achieved extensive practical effect.


Kamenshchikov, S., Bifurcation patterns of market regime transition. Quant. Finance, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/ 14697688.2016.1161230 When the above article was first published online, a correction was missed from the following sentence in the 'Introduction' section: "That is why the algorithm type should be switched over time, and the corresponding corrections risk management have to be implemented." The sentence should have read: "That is why the algorithm type should be switched over time, and the corresponding corrections to risk management have to be implemented." This has now been corrected. Taylor & Francis apologises for this error.


In this paper, joint sensor localization and synchronization in non-cooperative wireless sensor networks (WSNs) using time-of-arrival (TOA) measurements is studied. In addition to zero-mean errors in TOA measurements we consider other sources of error such as non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation and anchor uncertainty to make our technique more useful in practice, where the presence of these errors is inevitable. The proposed technique is based on semi-definite programming (SDP) relaxation which can be solved in polynomial time and guarantees convergence to the global minimum. It is shown that the optimal accuracy is obtained by discarding the NLOS measurements and applying the maximum likelihood (ML) technique to jointly estimate the positions of anchor nodes, and the position and clock parameters of the sensor node. The results show that the proposed SDP technique, which does not require prior identification of NLOS links, is robust against NLOS errors and its performance is close to that of optimal accuracy.


An electrical ignition system for internal combustion engines, using a coil means (U1; U2; U5) and a synchronously rotating to the machine tone wheel or magnet generator (P, M, S, N) whose magnetic field (B) where said coil means (U1; U2; U5 ) temporarily flooded and per revolution generated therein a sequence of magnetic flux changes, wherein a series of corresponding alternating voltage half-waves in the coil means (U1, U2, U5) is induced, which are used for charging a firing energy storage element (C), which is one by operating ignition switch through the primary coil winding of a Zundubertragers (U5) for triggering an ignition spark (F) is discharged, wherein at least one or more parts of the coil means (U1; U2; U5) to the maximum loading of the energy storage element (C) having an inductance and / or number of turns ( n1, n2) are operated, the dependent (from a current rotation speed D) of the pole wheel (P) or magnet generator (P, M, be varied S, N) and / or the occurrence of a particular AC half-cycle by means of an analog and / or digital electronic control device (MC) and / or adjusted, characterized in that by means of the control means (MC), the rotation speed (D) and / or the respective alternating voltage half-wave detected and processed, as well as dependent on the bobbin means (U1, U2, U5) the amount of the number of turns used for charging the energy storage element (C) (n3, n2) and / or inductance actively varied and / or be adjusted.


Objective To observe the effects of 3-dimensional computed tomograph angiography(3D-CTA) and neuroendoscope assisted microsurgery for intracranial aneurysm.Methods 42 patients with intracranial aneurysm were diagnosed by 3D-CTA.3D-CTA was used to locate situations of all the leisions and its relationship with parent aneurysm artery.Endoscopy was used to observe the neck anatomic features and perforating branches and to verify the optimal clipping position before and after the microsurgical treatment.Results Pre-operative 3D-CTA clearly displayed the aneurysm and their relation with the parent aneurysm artery,the aneurysm,the periphery vessel,and bony structures,according to demonstration during the operation.Endoscope clearly showed the anatomy around aneurysm,especially the perforating branches.Postoperative 3D-CTA showed satisfactory aneurysm clipping.Conclusion 3D-CTA and neuroendoscope assisted microsurgery is helpful in finding and exposing aneurysm,can avoid not necessary injury;combing with neuroendoscope assisted microsurgery,can enhance operative successful rate,reduce complication rate.


My dissertation explores the implications of access to microfinance for gender equity and household welfare in Ghana. The study draws on the quantitative and qualitative evidence from a unique dataset generated from a survey of 499 households, with and without access to microfinance, during my field research work in Ghana from May to July 2013. The motivation for the dissertation derives from evidence suggesting that access to finance is an important tool for fighting poverty and reducing inequality. However, for most developing countries access to finance for the poor is mainly through the informal or the semi-formal sector, including microfinance institutions (MFIs). Microfinance is taking the center stage in developing countries as a major source of finance for the poor. The question is whether there is a risk that the conditions of the poor could be worsened through increased debt burden from access to credit from MFIs. This question is legitimate for two main reasons. First, the interest rates charged by MFIs on credit tend to be relatively higher than those charged by banks. Second, higher interest rates imply higher debt obligations for low income households with low returns on investment, which weakens their balance sheet. This is a cause of concern, especially given the lack of institutional mechanisms for households in developing countries to deal with debt distress. This situation may make it harder for households to obtain additional external financing and to sustain expenditures, thereby leading to worsening household welfare. The evidence from this study shows that access to microfinance reduces gender asset gaps and generally improves household welfare. Further, the results suggest that debt burden beyond certain thresholds creates significant financial distress for households and reduces food expenditures while increasing the household's credit constraints. The study shows that microfinance market, borrower-specific and household-specific characteristics are important factors explaining household indebtedness. Using an approach that incorporates both qualitative and quantitative analysis, and by applying different econometric approaches to household welfare analysis, this dissertation contributes to the growing body of empirical literature on the impact of access to microfinance on household-level welfare. It also contributes to a relatively new area of research on borrower debt distress arising from access to microfinance. Household borrowing has grown considerably in many countries over the past two decades, both in absolute terms and relative to household incomes. Much of the increase can be viewed as a rational response by households to the effects of easing liquidity constraints on households, and lower inflation and borrowing rates. Regardless of whether the increase in debt is sustainable, it has important macroeconomic implications. The household sector will be more sensitive to shocks to interest rates and household incomes, and consumption spending will be more sensitive to changes in expectations of future income. The increased sensitivity will depend crucially on the distribution of debt across the household sector. This thesis consists of three essays attempting to determine the key determinants of spending-saving behaviour and financial stability of Canadian households from both micro and macro economics. In the first chapter, we try to isolate and evaluate the socio-economic characteristics of households who accumulate debt by spending more than what they earn in a given year. In particular, with a focus on the right tail of spending distribution -households who tend to spend a larger fraction of their incomewe use multivariate regression type analysis to isolate socio-economic factors that contribute to debt accumulation and lead to insolvency. We aim to highlight the micro level factors that have contributed to the increase in the proportion of spender households in the population. Specifically, what are the marginal effects of age, income level, education, and family structure on the probability of a given households spends more than its income? Related to this question,


Describes calculator programs that simulate the growth and thinning of a stand. Also includes a method of computing maximum yield, allowing a comparison of potential and actual yields of a stand.


Within the clinical setting of emergency anaesthesia the lack of ready to administer preparations poses a high risk to patients. The CIVAS@IP5 Medicines hub were approached by Cardiff and Vale University Health Board in response to a quality improvement project to prepare ready to administer anaesthesia. To manufacture these medicines required the use of semi-automated technology and development of manufacturing techniques to meet the quantity and range of products required including Ketamine, Rocuronium and Fentanyl. These are some of the first products developed for manufacture using a Grifill 4.0 Semi-automated Medicines Pump within the UK.

 To develop new ready-to-administer products or use in emergency intubation scenarios within critical clinical settings, manufactured using innovative and newly developed processes. The products would be presented with the Royal College of Anaesthetists label colour scheme and have extended shelf lives assigned to allow suitability of use.

 The project required three separate stages of methodology. First within Cardiff and Vale UHB, a clinical agreement on standardised concentrations of Ketamine, Fentanyl and Rocuronium was required. Secondly, development within CIVAS@IP5 of a Semi-automated compounding process that had been fully process mapped, assessed via HAACP analysis. This process was then validated for microbiological integrity and efficiency using Gage R&R principles to prove repeatability and reproducibility of a quality product. The final stage involved collaborative development of the final presentation and facilitation of its use locally. Ethical approval was not required for this service development initiative and evaluation.

 The new methodology for semi-automated preparation of ready-to-administer injectable medicines gave the following capacity timings for the three agreed concentrations recommended by the Royal College of Anaesthetists. Fentanyl 250mcg in 5mL – 54 seconds per syringe (Batch size 200 syringes). Rocuronium 250mg in 10mL – 2 minutes per syringe (Batch size 50 syringes). Ketamine 100mg in 10mL – 1 minute 32 seconds per syringe (Batch size 40 syringes). These timings are compared to current documented preparations of 5 minutes 42 seconds for syringes made manually in pharmacy technical services settings. This meant Cardiff and Value UHB could be provided with their emergency intubation medication in a ready-to-use format within a pharmacy manufacturing capacity expenditure of 4 hours and 12 minutes per month when compared to the same manual preparation taking 26 hours. A literature search allowed extended shelf lives of up to 100 days to be applied to the products, and the labels designed in collaboration with anaesthetic colleagues in Cardiff and Vale UHB. The clinical impact is that for emergency intubation scenarios clinicians have ready-to-administer medications at the point of care.

 Use of semi-automation within Pharmacy Technical Services can greatly increase the production output of medicines allowing products where there is a current unmet demand to be prepared. The impact is an increased service capacity for the provision of well designed, clinically significant products to clinical areas improving efficiency, patient safety and clinical delivery of treatment in emergency situations.

 1. Kothari, D. Colour coded syringe Labels: a modification to enhance patient safety. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 2013;110(6):1056-1058
 2. P., C., Transforming NHS pharmacy aseptic services in England: a national report for the Department of Health and Social Care by Lord Carter of Coles. 2020.
 3. Grifols. Gri-fill 4 Semi-automatic Compounding Device. 2019. Available from: https://www.grifolsinclusiv.com/documents/90075605/0/inclusiv+Gri-fill+4+Brochure/ae8ce6e8-d2e0-49e0-b76f-8121539db44a


The mass spectra and gaseous ionisation potentials of metal-free and a number of transition metal phthalocyanines have been determined by electron impact measurements. The fragmentation patterns are discussed in terms of the stability of the molecular ions. Comparison with stability values for other organic molecular ions shows that the phthalocyanine molecular ions are amongst the most resistant to dissociation by electron impact. Introduction of a transition metal atom into the phthalocyanine ring system has little effect upon the gaseous ionisation potentials of the complexes. Comparison with extended Huckel calculations suggests that electron impact results in the removal of an electron from either the a1u(π) or eu(Npσ) orbitals of the phthalocyanine ring system. The average difference between the gaseous ionisation potentials and the most probable surface ionisation potentials for the phthalocyanine molecules of 2.34 eV suggest that the polarisation energies for these molecules are much greater than those observed for fused ring aromatic compounds.


The rise of platforms as the premier model of videogame distribution has led to a number of changes in the business models of producers and distributors. Consumers are constantly hailed by games platforms through freemium business models that offer cosmetic items contained in loot boxes or recurring subscriptions. Thus far, game studies and consumer studies have been unable to account for the totality of how these new and dynamic platforms circumvent legal barriers and attract potential consumers. This paper argues that a hybrid research model combining platform studies, socio-cultural critique of gamblification, and political economy is required in order to theorize and explicate how these platforms operate. The platformized and gamblified model for game distribution seeks to regulate and configure networks of association between consumers and producers with the ultimate aim of eliciting participation on platforms.


In this note, we study, test and discuss two original classes of payment aggregation rules based on transaction size models in order to replicate the demand for cash and deposits in the economy. First, we show that some of the aggregation rules call for special consideration since they better replicate the observed demand for cash and deposits. Second, we put forward a counterintuitive result which states that considering the difference between the use of payment card and check can significantly improve the prediction of the demand for cash.


This paper has documented the empirical evidence that the Basle Accord had significant effects on bank credit in Japan. The Accord reduced the ratio of the credit increase to the total asset by 0.09-0.24% for banks with the international standard, and by 0.06-0.21% for those with the domestic standard, respectively. According to the Fixed Effects Model estimates, the impacts of the regulation are in between 0.12% and 0.13% for those banks with the international standard. These estimates are smaller than the corresponding estimate with aggregate time series data, 0.40%.


Adsorption on silica surfaces of polyaromatic compounds, N-(1-hexylhepyl)-N′-(5-carboxylicpentyl)-perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic bisimide (C5Pe) and N-(1-undecyldodecyl)-N′-(5-carboxylicpentyl)-perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic bisimide (C5PeC11), individually and their binary mixture in heptol (mixture of heptane and toluene as oil) solutions were studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The MD simulation results showed that C5Pe molecules tend to aggregate and form a large cluster rapidly in the oil phase, reducing the energy of the system. In contrast, C5PeC11 molecules with higher solubility tend to disperse in the system. As a result, C5PeC11 molecules exhibited a stronger adsorption than C5Pe molecules on silica surfaces. In the binary mixture system, the overall solubility is only slightly lower than that in the C5PeC11 system due to the association of C5Pe with C5PeC11 molecules through π–π stacking a...


and metallurgy. In this paper, we designed a compact reduction gear that is highly efficient using double-enveloping worm gears. We calculated the bearing load in the worm gearing to select the bearing and the housing surface area according to the recommended values from AGMA(American Gear Manufacturers Association). The finite element method was used to assess the structural integrity.


Abstract— The all‐trans and 3 mono‐cir isomers of the title linear pentaenal have been prepared. Results of their interaction with bovine opsin and bacterioopsin are presented. Likewise, the negative results on two lower member homologs are described. Implications on the specificity of the binding sites are discussed.


Abstract Eddy current testing (ECT) has been utilized for the surface flaw detection of jet engine components. It is necessary, however, to obtain high sensitivity for small flaws. This paper reports on the feasibility of ECT probes using Magneto-Impedance (MI) sensors for the surface flaw detection of titanium alloys. The high sensitive MI sensors were employed for sensing magnetic field change instead of the conventional pick-up coils. The electro-magnetic simulation was introduced to design the excitation coils and sensor configuration, and experimental results were obtained on the specimen with minute electric discharge machined (EDM) notches. As the experimental results, the minute notch detection with high Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) was achieved, and the concept of the array sensor systems was proposed.