Introduction: Lunar breccia 12013 is likely the most widely studied [1,2 and references therein] and well-known lunar samples that contains granitic material. Sample 12013 has a mass of 82.3 g and is a mottled mixture of dark and light colored breccias. The dark breccia is a clast-laden impact melt with mineral clasts of plagioclase, clasts of quartzofeldspathic and noritic lithologies, and a fine-grained groundmass of KREEPbasaltic composition [1]. The light-colored breccia consists of KREEPy basaltic clasts in a ground mass of granitic composition. The granitic (felsitic) groundmass accounts for 30-40% of the light-colored breccia [1]. Sample 12032,366-19 is a recently characterized, 21.3 mg monomict granitic rock fragment [3]. It has an igneous texture with no clasts or indications of brecciation. Because of the size and distinctive characteristics of sample 12013, it is reasonable to ask if other, smaller granitic rocks from Apollo 12 are related to it or perhaps just fragments of similar lithologies. Here, we compare the petrography, mineralogy, and bulk composition of the granitic components of 12013 with 12032,366-19. Methods: We analyzed thin sections 12013,13, 12013,14, and thick section 12032,366-19 using backscattered electron (BSE) images using the JEOL 8200 electron microprobe at Washington University. The objective is to compare 12032,366-19 to the matrix materials and clasts of 12013. Analytical procedures for mineral and bulk compositions can be found in [1] (12013) and [3] (12032,366-19). Petrography: The 12013 granitic component (hereafter, 12013GC) and 12032,366-19 are dominated by a graphic intergrowth of K-feldspar and quartz [2] (Table 1, Fig. 1); however, 12032,366-19 also contains 18.4 vol% sodic plagioclase, which forms a separate and distinctive graphic intergrowth with quartz. The scale of the K-feldspar and silica intergrowths is similar in both samples (Fig. 1). Both 12013GC and 12032,366-19 have comparable abundances of ferroan pyroxene (Table 1). Olivine (fayalite) is absent in 12013GC, but composes 1.8 vol% of 12032,366-19. In 12013GC, quartz is both coarsely and finely (relatively) intergrown with K-feldspar in the same region (Fig. 1B). Quartz and K-feldspar intergrowths in 12032,366-19 occur in two scales – courser and finer, but do not occur in multiple scales in the same region. Pyroxenes in both 12013GC and 12032,366-19 have varying grain sizes. The 12013GC pyroxene is anhedral, but the 12032,366-19 pyroxene is euhedral to subhedral. Mineralogy: The compositional range of the Kfeldspars in 12013 (~An2.6-19,Ab15-41,Or39-78,Cn0.7-3.4) is wider than in 12032,366-19 (An1.2-6.1,Ab25-33,Or5874,Cn0.4-3.9) (Fig. 2). The 12013GC K-feldspar compositions vary based on grain location within the sample. Much of the variation in the composition of the 12032,366-19 K-feldspar is between rims and cores of the largest K-feldspar grains which are more albitic in the cores (we detect no variation of celsian content from rim to core), and compositions from grain to grain are similar (Fig. 2). Plagioclase in 12013GC (An50-58, Ab41-47,Or0.9-2.8,Cn0.1-0.2) is less sodic than in 12032,36619 (An35-48, Ab52-64,Or0.9-1.3,Cn0.0-0.1) (Fig. 2). Highand low-Ca pyroxenes occur in 12013GC (En28-35,Fs27-34,Wo37 and En41-51,Fs42-50,Wo6.3-9.0) (Fig. 3) [1]. Pyroxene in 12032,366-19 is En4.6-6.2,Fs51-52,Wo43-44, close to end-member hedenbergite. Olivine occurs in 12032,366-19 (fayalite, Fo2.7), but is absent in 12013GC. Ilmenite in 12013GC is more magnesian than in 12032,366-19 (2.01 and 1.76 wt% MgO versus 0.12 wt% MgO) [1,2]. Bulk Compositions: Both granitic phases are similarly silicic (Table 2). Sample 12032,366-19 has [FeO] > 3 × higher than 12013GC, consistent with the presence of Fe-rich mafic minerals in 12032,366-19. [CaO] and [Na2O] are higher in 12032,366-19 than in 12013GC. 12032,366-19 has higher [ZrO2] reflected by relatively abundant zirconolite and the presence of baddeleyite. Also, 12032,366-19 zirconolite has ~12 wt% more ZrO2 than the 12013GC zirconolite. Petrogenesis: As determined by Quick et al. [1], 12013 was likely a product of a single impact event in which the light and dark breccias were intermingled. The granitic component of the light breccia was probably derived from the impact melting of granitic source rocks [1,2]. The intermixing of components between the light and dark phases of 12013 suggests a petrogenetic relationship between them and their coTable 1. Modal mineralogy of 12013GC and 12032,366-19.


This study examined the effect of players' gender (males and females) on accuracy of penalty shot execution in handball game. The study adopted an experimental design in a target population of handball players of Federal College of Education, Abeokuta and a sample of 35 handball players (19 male and 16 female). The instruments used for the study are Handball Penalty Shot Guide, balls of different sizes, scoring sheets, whistles, stopwatch, ropes and a handball field with its goal post (203 cm by 313 cm), a well ruled penalty area and a clearly marked penalty spot. Collected data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and ANCOVA. The study results revealed that i) Accuracy of penalty shot execution is higher in male players than in female players. ii) Gender significantly influenced accuracy of penalty shot execution among handball players. It is recommended that players be assisted in setting realistic goals.


Objective: To identify the clinical and radiographic conditions associated with failure of pulp therapy in primary teeth through a survival analysis.  Material and Methods: A total of 1000 records of children assisted at the pediatric dentistry clinic of the Federal University of Parana, Brazil, from the years 2000 to 2010, were analyzed. The mean evaluation time was 10.61 months (minimum/maximum: 1/28) from the report of pulp therapy. The different types of treatments analyzed included indirect pulp treatment (IPT), direct pulp treatment (DPT), pulpotomy and pulpectomy. The Kaplan-Meyer method and log-rank test were used for the survival analysis. Exodontia was considered as the outcome variable and censors included: traumatic tooth loss, presence of the tooth in the oral cavity and physiologic tooth exfoliation .  Results: A total of 122 records reporting pulp therapy in the primary teeth were selected. From this, 16 teeth (13.12%) were extracted. Survival analysis showed that pulpectomy presented lower survival rates when compared to conservative therapies (p=0.0297). Teeth with furcal lesions and pathological root resorption before pulp therapy had lower survival rates when compared to those that did not present these conditions (P=0.006). Presence of fistula and abscess after pulp therapy were also associated with lower survival rates (P=0.0062 and 0.0143, respectively) .  Conclusion: Signals of pulp necrosis were associated to lower survival rates in primary teeth submitted to pulp therapy.


The aim of the research is to develop a new approach to shaping and implementation of functionality of middle price range smart home systems. The approach being developed is based on the ideas of a cyber-physical systems design paradigm and deep insights of distributed embedded systems architecture. The current state of the smart home automation systems market and issues of available products are discussed. The classification of smart home automation systems is given. The promising way to solve applied issues of smart home systems is demonstrated with a simple example of the thermal identification of an object. A brief description of the distributed LMT4Home platform used in the experiments is given.


In this paper two active MMIC mixers for RF front-end applications are described. A down-converter that converts an RF signal (fRF=10.45 GHz) into an IF signal (fIF=0.95 GHz) using an LO signal (fLO=9.5 GHz) and an up-converter that performs the opposite process have been fabricated. The down-converter is designed using the topology of a dual-gate pHEMT, while the up-converter is implemented in the form of a double balanced mixer using the topology of the Gilbert cell and the occupied areas are approximately 0.78 mm2 and 3.86 mm2 , respectively. Both mixers present conversion gain, very low input and output return losses, very good isolation between all of their ports and the required LO power is quite low, while the up-converter contains on chip, except for the dc-bias and matching sub-circuits, the required LO and RF baluns. Both circuits have been fabricated using the H-40 process of GEC-Marconi. Section 1 presents fundamentals on mixer theory and mixer design while in Section 2 the characteristics of H-40 process are described. In Section 3 and in Section 4 the designing, the simulated and the measured results of the down-converter and the up-converter are presented, respectively.


Manufacturing sensitizer emitting at different wavelengths of light of various wavelengths and uses an infrared phosphorescence using a conventional LED emission to pump a rare earth ion-down conversion technique. Sensitizer absorbs the LED chip pump discharge, and then, the transfer of energy to the dopant ions with a high quantum efficiency, and then, the dopant ions are released from their characteristic wavelengths.


Introduction and summary On March 5, 2001, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago first released publicly the Chicago Fed National Activity Index (CFNAI), a single, summary measure of real economic activity that is based on a weighted average of 85 economic indicators. This inaugural CFNAI release explicitly mentioned the possibility that the U.S. economy had begun to slip into a recession. On November 26, 2001, the National Bureau of Economic Research's (NBER) Business Cycle Dating Committee "determined that a peak in business activity had in fact occurred in the U.S. economy in March 2001 (NBER, 2001)." As the eight-months lag of the NBER report indicates, business cycle turning points are typically only recognized many months after the event; thus, the ability of the CFNAI to identify the recession in approximately real time is important--since early recognition of business cycle turning points will enable more timely monetary policy responses. Although one of the first uses of the CFNAI was to gauge inflationary pressures (Fisher, 2000), there is a strong statistical relationship between this index of economic activity and business cycle movements. We can see this in figure 1, which displays the three-month moving average index (CFNAI-MA3) from 1986 through 2001. Whenever the three-month moving average of this index falls into the range of -0.70 to -1.00, there is an increasing probability that the U.S. economy is in a recession. The substantial fall in the index to -1.50 in late 1990 corresponds to the 1990-91 recession. Similarly, the 2001 recession (see figures 2 and 3) is clearly evident as the index fell below -1.00. Prior to the current recession, there were five recessions over the 1967-2000 period. In six cases, the CFNAI-MA3 fell below -0.70, after having previously been above zero when the economy was expanding. On five of these occasions, the U.S. economy had just entered a recession as determined later by the NBER. Taken at face value, this is an 83 percent success rate for the CFNAI. To further our understanding of the CFNAI and its role as a business cycle indicator, we address two main questions in this article. First, what is the general relationship between the CFNAI and economic recessions? While economic downturns are clearly evident in the sharp reductions in the CFNAI, how much more information do we gain beyond what we would learn by simply focusing on single indicator measures of economic activity like industrial production, personal consumption expenditures, and others? We offer a graphical analysis of the data to answer this question. Second, what probabilistic statements about economic performance can we attach to specific values of the CFNAI-MA3? When the CFNAI-MA3 plunges to values below -0.70, what is the probability that the U.S. economy has entered a recession? We adopt a statistical approach to modeling the dynamic evolution of the 85 economic indicators in order to answer this question. To summarize our findings, our graphical analysis indicates that individual economic indicators appear to predict the onset of economic recessions almost as well as the CFNAI-MA3. Indeed, many business cycle analysts prefer a relatively small number of economic indicators to guide their analysis. For example, the NBER November 2001 committee report makes clear the importance of four monthly coincident economic indicators of real activity: payroll employment, industrial production, real personal income less transfer payments, and manufacturing and trade sales in real terms. (1) However, while all of the economic indicators were signaling that the real economy was growing well below trend throughout this period, they conveyed different information about the timing of the business cycle peak. Essentially, the NBER selected the business peak based upon a peak in one very important indicator, total payroll employment. Visual inspection of the co-movements between industrial production, employment, and the CFNAI-MA 3 suggests that perhaps the gain in computing the index of 85 indicators is fairly small. …


Restricted to the perimeter of Lyon, the City Archaeological Service has developed an adapted methodology to better exploit geoarcheological data in the context of a completely urbanized area. General characteristics of geoarcheological practices in urban areas Considering environmental factors in the understanding of the shape, function, and even disappearance of archaeological remains, geoarchaeology is submitted to the following constraints in urban environments: quasi-complete disappearan...


Viola tuberifera endemic to Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was used to study the amphicarpy and morphological characteristics, spatial location and dispersal mechanism. The results showed that it has three types of fruits, i.e., CH fruit, aerial CL fruit and subterranean CL fruit. The these three fruits were different in quantity, spatial location and mature period. V. tuberifera has sexual and asexual types of diaspores, i.e., CH seeds, aerial CL seeds, subterranean CL seeds and cloning organ bulbs. Though the number of CH seeds was relatively small, the outcross accounted for the major part of CH seeds for necessary variation. The number of aerial CL seeds was the largest and this could ensure the primary approach for long-distance spread. Two subterranean diaspores could not move so the short-distance spread could keep the continuation of species. The amphicarpy and the diversity of dispersal mechanisms of V. tuberifera was the special reproduction mode as the result of adaptation to the environment of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The amphicarpy was firstly found in Violaceae in this study.


ABSTRACT Gold recovery from secondary resources has been an interesting topic due to its high market prices and vast industrial applications. Reductive adsorption is a new promising technique that provides a cost-effective, efficient and eco-friendly way for gold recovery. In this study, we prepared a gallic acid-functionalised Mg/Al hydrotalcite (Mg/Al HT-GA) as well as first and second refunctionalised calcined Mg/Al hydrotalcite (Mg/Al CHT-GA_1 and Mg/Al CHT-GA_2) for reductive adsorption of AuCl4 − in aqueous solution. The as-prepared adsorbents were characterised using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Adsorption test showed that Mg/Al HT-GA, Mg/Al CHT-GA_1 and Mg/Al CHT-GA_2 were effective in adsorbing AuCl4 – at pH 3 with adsorption capacities (b) according to Langmuir isotherm model were 175.43, 112.36 and 86.20 mg g–1, respectively. Kinetics study showed that all adsorbents followed pseudo-second order with rate constant (kp2 ) of 9.81 × 10–4, 33.17 × 10–4 and 9.80 × 10–4 g/(mg.min) for Mg/Al HT-GA, Mg/Al CHT-GA_1 and Mg/Al CHT-GA_2, respectively. The characterisation of the spent adsorbent by using an XRD showed that Au(0) was formed. It was revealed that phenolic – OH groups of gallic acid played a key role for the reduction mechanism of Au(III).


This chapter continues with the examination of the church–state events of the 1950s. It begins with the Protestant–Catholic tensions associated with the Red Scare and the congressional investigations into communism, particularly the controversy surrounding Catholic support for the activities of Senator Joseph McCarthy. It continues with an examination of a thawing of religious tensions brought about by the religious revival of the 1950s and the growth of ecumenism and religious cooperation. This section focuses on the impact of three religious figures: Bishop Fulton Sheen, Billy Graham, and Norman Vincent Peale. The chapter concludes with an examination of the Protestant opposition to the candidacy of John F. Kennedy for U.S. president, an effort that was led by Graham, Peale, and POAU.


The present invention relates to an agent in the treatment of brain atrophy, which is composed of the following parts by weight of the drug is made by: Astragalus 20-50 parts, 10-30 parts angelica, safflower 5-20 parts, 10-30 parts papaya, herb 10-40 parts, 10-40 parts angelica Wujiapi 10-30 parts, 10-30 parts Nepeta, wind 10-30 parts, 10-30 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Rhizoma 5-20 parts, Lycopodium clavatum 10-30 parts and Speranskia 10-30 copies. The treatment of brain atrophy agent of the present invention by heat radiation effect of a drug, vasodilator affected area, to improve blood circulation. After fumigation drugs acting on the body, absorption through the skin which is a volatile component, can maintain a high local concentration, can function for a long time, vascular permeability and to improve blood circulation, accelerated metabolite excretion promoting inflammatory absorption factor induced pain, and improve the body's immune defense, promote functional recovery with positive effect.


Dependence of the freeze-drying process condition on microstructure of porous W and pore formation mechanism were studied. Camphene slurries with contents of 10 vol% were prepared by milling at with a small amount of dispersant. Freezing of a slurry was done in Teflon cylinder attached to a copper bottom plate cooled at . Pores were generated subsequently by sublimation of the camphene during drying in air for 48 h. The green body was hydrogen-reduced at for 30 min, and sintered in the furnace at for 1 h. After heat treatment in hydrogen atmosphere, powders were completely converted to metallic W without any reaction phases. The sintered samples showed large pores with the size of about which were aligned parallel to the camphene growth direction. Also, the internal wall of large pores and near bottom part of specimen had relatively small pores with dendritic structure due to the growth of camphene dendrite depending on the degree of nucleation and powder rearrangement in the slurry.


The conformational preferences of 2-(N,N-disubstituted amino)thiazoles having a 4-substituent (R1) and a 5-acyl group (R2CO) have been established by i.r. spectrometry and a crystallographic examination. In solution the compounds with R2= aryl and R1= Me or aryl exist predominantly or entirely in the carbonyl O,S-anti arrangement; for those with R1= aryl and R2= Me the syn rotamer is the main form but a small amount (ca. 15%) of the anti rotamer is present.Nitrosation of 4-aryl-2-dimethylaminothiazoles gives 5-nitroso derivatives, and these are probably the first authentic nitrosothiazoles. The barrier to rotation of the dimethylamino group is unexpectedly high (ΔG298‡= 69 kJ mol–1), exceeding even that of the 5-trifluoroacetyl analogues.


s:The Menba and Loba are two of minority nationalities with long history and rich culture in our country. There is a great deal of research achievements about these two minority nationalities in the long time period of development. This article analyzes the number of published articles using the method of document quantity and through which to indicate the current situation of the research in this field in order to widen up the whole field of Tibetan studies.


I was one of the delegates visiting The People's Republic of China in a group sponsored by the Committee on Scholarly Communication with The People's Republic of China, and the Chinese Scientific and Technical Association. The purpose of our trip was to foster scholarly communication so that we could advance scholarship, further international cooperation, and increase mutual understanding. I am convinced that the trip did this on both sides.


A 40 GHz-band fully monolithic VCO with a one-wavelength microstrip resonator (MSR) associated with a dumping resistor is presented. Employing a one-wavelength MSR, high setting accuracy of oscillation frequency can be obtained, and it is a very effective method to improve yield of millimeter wave MMIC oscillator. Also the one-wavelength MSR with a dumping resistor is proposed for suppression of parasitic oscillation. In analytical approach, variation of oscillation frequency is less than 150 MHz over C/sub gs//C/sub ds//C/sub dg/ variation of /spl plusmn/10% in worst case. The measured VCO tuning range is 493 MHz and it is much wider than the variation of oscillation frequency caused by process variations.


Planning-based approaches to reference provide a uniform treatment of linguistic decisions, from content selection to lexical choice. In this paper, we show how the issues of lexical ambiguity, vagueness, unspecific descriptions, ellipsis, and the interaction of subsective modifiers can be expressed using a belief-state planner modified to support context-dependent actions. Because the number of distinct denotations it searches grows doublyexponentially with the size of the referential domain, we present representational and search strategies that make generation and interpretation tractable.


Decision-making problems, in general, are ill defined as several times their objectives and model parameters are not precisely known. As a result there has been growing interest in using fuzzy algebra in such models. Historically, probability theory is presented as forming theoretical foundations for reasoning and decision making in situations involving uncertainty. However, often one is faced with the situations in which decisions are required to be made on the basis of illdefined variables, and imprecise (vague) data. Fuzzy algebra is a simple and potentially a useful way to propagate impreciseness through a cascade of calculations. It has been used to model systems that are hard to define precisely. As a methodology, it incorporates imprecision, subjective risk assessment, vague data information, and sensitivity analysis into the model formulation and solution process. In finance uncertainty is usually handled through the probability theory, which sometimes encounters difficulties. In general, probability calculus is not adapted to an imprecise corpus of knowledge, where as fuzzy calculus appears to be a more supple technique that provides pragmatic answers to problems under fuzzy environment. The use of fuzzy set theory, introduced by Zadeh [15] as a methodology for modeling and analyzing certain financial problems, is of particular interest to a number of researchers in option pricing ([1]−[3], [5], [7], [13]) due to fuzzy set theory's ability to quantitatively and qualitatively model those problems which involve vagueness and imprecision. Option pricing theory can be traced back to Louis Bachelier [4]. Binomial option pricing [8, 10] is a simple but powerful technique that can be used to solve many complex option pricing problems. In the present paper we consider such a problem and on the lines of Muzzioli and Torricelli [13] and discuss the option pricing when payoffs are described by O(2, 2)-Tr.T.F.N. numbers. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the results.


A logistic model of population growth is presented which describes the effects of introducing sterile individuals into a wild population regulated by density-dependent factors. It is shown that for certain levels of sterile releases two steady states exist, of which the upper state is stable and the lower state is unstable. Once a population is driven to below the lower threshold, continued releases will cause (local) extinction. The 2 steady states exist for a wide variety of density-dependent growth functions. The release of sterile males alone is less effective than the release of sterile males and sterile females but not importantly so; however, the release of sterile females alone is not a satisfactory strategy for eradication.


Objective:To discusses detailed the clinical effect of nursing in patients with chronic urticaria.Method:Selected 180 patients with chronic urticaria,who were randomly divided into two groups,control group 87 cases,observation group 93 cases,control group was given routine nursing,the observation group was given detailed care.On two groups of patients to evaluate therapeutic effect and nursing satisfaction.Result:Observation group the cure rate and total effective rate were 48.93% and 95.70% respectively,significantly higher than the control group were 35.63% and 80.46%.There were 55.91% and 94.62% respectively in the observation group of patients to nursing felt very satisfied and satisfaction,significantly higher than the control group were 35.63% and 83.91%.Two groups in cure rate and total effective rate and nursing satisfaction comparative differences were statistically significant( P 0.05).Conclusion:Detailed nursing in patients with chronic urticaria patients can be effectively improved the treatment effect,promote the relationship between nurses and patients,chronic urticaria clinical routine nursing mode can be used as a promotion.


In a recent column^ we highliglited the growing difficulties in assessing existing physician manpower and estimating projected needs in pacing and electrophysiology. This issue has worldwide importance for this speciality. European and Canadian health care systems are also grappling with the manpower needs in regionalized health care systems. In an initial foray to tackle this problem, the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology (NASPE) convened a Task Force on January 6, 1996. The meeting comprehensively covered the subject and raised a vast number of issues. This column examines some of the driving forces in manpower analyses, possible methods to respond to the issues, and results of initial efforts at approaching this problem.


Since Kenya's independence, an array of business assistance programmes ranging from sheltered estates to export-processing zones, not forgetting the numerous financial-assistance schemes, have been introduced with the objective of empowering budding indigenous entrepreneurs and promoting economic development. Business incubation is one such instrument. In this article, we use a cross-sectional research design to find that there are disparities between how respondents rated the importance of business-incubation process with actual services received. Surprisingly, they received fewer services than anticipated and yet most of the suggestions made on how to promote business incubation in Kenya revolve around how to harness the business-incubation process. As the incubation concept is relatively new, clear macro policy guidelines would be necessary if the full potential of business incubation is to be exploited for the benefit of the nation. We suggest some guidelines that could help to identify pertinent elements of the incubation process, and how the different stakeholders can be connected effectively with incubation activities, while generating some measurable outcomes. Future research based on longitudinal studies may provide an in-depth analysis of the business situation in Kenya.


There is an increasing demand for detailed information on the spatial distribution of geological units and their physical and chemical properties. However, existing studies on sediment properties are scarce. The project TOPINTEGRAAL aims to build a geological model of the upper 30 to 50 meters of the subsurface and to characterize the lithological, hydraulic, geochemical and geotechnical properties of the sediments. A drilling campaign was launched in 2006 in order to obtain additional soil samples for the analyses and measurement of physical and geochemical properties. So far 157 cored wells were drilled. The results of the analysis and measurements of the samples are interpreted and published per GeoTOP-main area. In 2009 a first interpretation of the grain size and geochemical data of main area "Noord-Nederland" in the northern part of the Netherlands has been performed. The data and their interpretations will become a unique national database which will help researchers and planners to obtain better and more accurate results.


Beauty and design, as culture and consciousness which are typical of the human society, reflect and express the living mode and aesthetic ideal of a people in a certain period. The development of social productive forces affects and restricts the expression of beauty in designing products. So learning and understanding the rules of the beauty in designing is helpful for us to master the modern trend of artistic designing.


Recently we reported a far field theory of transverse acoustic waves radiated from an interdigital transducer deposited on a singly rotated quartz crystal. This was done by an approximation called the local decoupling approach, allowing us to consider electrical effects as forcing fields for the mechanical motion. The present analysis demonstrates that this approximation is not valid in predicting the complete spectrum of acoustic waves. It is shown that near the cutoff frequency the bulk wave may be converted into a surface wave of Bleustein–Gulyaev type in the free surface case, and that a surface metallization reinforces the strength of this conversion. Velocity of surface waves are determined by means of the effective permittivity function and correct radiation diagrams are plotted in the far field.


We report the complete genome sequence of Cellulomonas sp. strain C5510, obtained by Oxford Nanopore and Illumina sequencing. The approximately 4.15-Mb genome sequence consists of one circular chromosome and one circular plasmid, with an overall G+C content of 74.9%. ABSTRACT We report the complete genome sequence of Cellulomonas sp. strain C5510, obtained by Oxford Nanopore and Illumina sequencing. The approximately 4.15-Mb genome sequence consists of one circular chromosome and one circular plasmid, with an overall G+C content of 74.9%.


Vector autoregressions are used to evaluate dynamic relationships among prices in six important international wheat markets. The effects of freight rates and exchange rates are also considered. The results indicate that Canada is the dominant market, supporting views that Canada is an oligopolistic price leader.


To determine the usefulness of dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging to identify idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (IRBD) patients at risk for short‐term development of clinically defined synucleinopathy.


Developed in this paper is a new approach that augments a fuzzy classifier to determine whether or not the operating pixel, centered in the sliding window, should be involved with the impulse noise filtering process. Owing to the inclusion of the fuzzy K-nearest neighbor (K-NN) scheme, any central operating pixel that is not noise corrupted can be effectively detected and then left unchanged. Thus, the unnecessary pixel replacement can be avoided and the details and signal structure of the image will be best retained. If the center point is found to be noise corrupted, the proposed classifier-augmented median filter facilitates the filtering action only on a subset of pixels, which are not noise contaminated in the window. Due to this impulse pixel exclusion, the biased estimation caused from impulses can be eliminated and, thus, obtains a better estimation of the center pixel. Experimental results showed that this new approach largely outperformed several existing schemes for image noise removal.


Financial report of manufacture companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchangeexperiences audit delay constraints in financial reporting schemes. Even thoughmanufacturing companies are the drivers of economic growth.


Organic matter (OM) degradation in marine sediments is fundamental to understanding and constraining global biogeochemical cycling, whereby OM reactivity is at its core. Here, we use benthic diffusive oxygen uptake (DOU) rates as a proxy for OM reactivity. We apply an analytical diagenetic model to inversely determine OM reactivities in marine sediments (i.e., Reactive Continuum Model parameters a and ν) using data sets of global DOU, surface sediment OM contents, and seafloor boundary conditions. Simulated oxygen depth profiles show good agreement with observations, increasing confidence in our reactivity estimates. Inversely determined reactivities vary over orders of magnitude between individual sites ranging from high (k = 0.252 year−1) for sediments in the Polar region to extremely low (k = 7.96 ⋅ 10−5 year−1) in South Pacific. Our findings highlight the heterogeneity of OM reactivities, revealing regional patterns that broadly agree with observations and prior assessments. In general, high benthic reactivity can be linked to limited pelagic OM degradation favored by either a rapid vertical or lateral OM transport to the sediment or environmental factors, such as low oxygen concentrations or low temperature, slowing pelagic OM degradation. Finally, we develop a set of transfer functions that allow estimating OM reactivity as a function of DOU, OM content and water depths, and use one to derive the first global maps of benthic OM reactivity based on two global DOU maps. Despite the inherent observational biases in the data sets, our results provide a good first‐order estimate of the apparent benthic OM reactivity agreeing with our current mechanistic understanding and observations.


During 2016 to 2019 there were many demonstrations carried out by educators and educational staff with a minimum guarantee of receiving monthly and no government allowance. This demonstration of educators is a silent proof of the inability of the government in the welfare of educators who need a non-PNS level, the complexity of being a PNS educator also cannot be solved by only teaching for more than 10 years. Anxiety like this certainly occurs in every region. To answer this we can answer through the payroll Sistem of educators and education personnel in kindergarten. ABA I Probolinggo City? and how is the implementation of the principles of the ijarah contract in kindergarten payroll systems. ABA I Kota Probolinggo according to the principles of the ijarah contract?To answer this question, this type of research is used (field field research) with a qualitative method. The data collection techniques used in this study include observation, interviews, and document study. The data that has been collected is then compiled and analyzed using descriptive methods, which describes the concept of implementing the payroll Sistem and the principles of the ijarah contract in kindergarten. 'Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal I Probolinggo City.The results of this study state that the implementation of the payroll Sistem and the implementation of the principles of the charity ijarah contract in the payroll Sistem in kindergarten. 'Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal I City of Probolinggo is still general. Although in its application both parties have each benefited, this has not met the provisions of the ijarah agreement in accordance with sharia economic law.Keywords : Principles of Ijarah Agreement and Payroll Sistem


Facts after the end of the Cold War show that America's attitude toward the three United Communiques has been ambiguous, saying different words to the Mainland and to Taiwan, the effect was to intervene with the internal affairs of China and hinder the unification of China.


Abstract Background Historically, avoiding any association with prostitution was paramount in the process of making physiotherapy a recognised profession, and maintaining boundaries around intimacy, sexuality and ethics has been an important aspect of physiotherapy since the beginning of the profession. Objectives Against this background, we explore how matters of intimacy, sexuality and ethics are approached in the professional training of physiotherapy students. Methods The empirical data derive from participant observations in skills-training classes in a Norwegian physiotherapy education setting. The material includes in-depth interviews with students who attended the skills-training classes. The data are analysed thematically, using an inductive approach. Results Students and teachers approach intimacy, sexuality and ethics as tacit professional standards. The results are organised in two themes: (1) tacit codes of proper behaviour and (2) tacit competencies in interpreting intimate boundaries. Conclusion In order to enhance students' approaches to intimacy, sexuality and ethics beyond mere tacit knowledge and technical skills, students must be taught the history of the profession. Matters of sexuality in physiotherapy must also be addressed from perspectives such as those of sexual health and inclusive practices. Accordingly, there is a need to think differently about the physiotherapy curriculum, professional regulation and scope of practice.


The accurate warning and reconnaissance to incoming laser signal is the presupposition of electro-optical jamming. However, the error of angular resolution of laser warning equipment directly affects the accuracy of warning. In this paper, the working mechanism of direct intercepting measurement laser warning equipment was analyzed. Then, the structure of its detector array system and the causes of error of angular resolution were analyzed. At different distance, the resolution errors of laser warning equipment with different detecting unit were calculated. The conclusion has some reference value to test and detect of such equipment.


Invasive sun corals (Tubastraea spp.) are spreading along the Brazilian coast where they compete for space with native species, produce chemical compounds with antifouling and anti-predation properties and modify community structure and function. The tropical rocky shores of the Ilha Grande Bay were the first to be invaded in the southwest Atlantic and the Tamoios Marine Protected Area (MPA) within the bay was directly in the path of the spread of Tubastraea. MPAs aim to conserve biodiversity, preventing habitat loss and fragmentation and maintain healthy ecosystems. As healthy communities might better resist invasion the aim of this study was to investigate to what extent the benthic communities of the MPA are resisting the invasion. Baseline data on the abundance of the invasive corals Tubastraea spp. and community structure (cover) were quantified at eight sites over six years. The benthic communities were dominated by multispecies algal turfs, the mat-forming zooantharian Palythoa caribaeorum and the red alga Asparagopsis taxiformis and fell into five community groups two of which contained Tubastraea spp. The number of invaded sites increased over time as did the abundance of Tubastraea spp. in the communities. Tubastraea spp. sequentially invaded the studied communities within the MPA independently of differing community compositions – i.e. they did not offer better biotic resistance than unprotected areas. This was facilitated by the patchy nature of the communities which allowed Tubastraea spp. to get a foothold by initially avoiding species such as P. caribaeorum which offer greater biological resistance. At one site a significant reduction in Tubastraea spp. was detected after mechanical control. We conclude that the MPA's status as a conservation unit was important to attract research and thus for establishing a baseline, quantifying change due to the invasion and focusing limited management resources, but not in providing significant biotic resistance to the invasion.


A new and efficient system for the selective recovery of platinum ions from conventional cheap transition metal mixtures was developed. We found that the selone is reactive toward the conventional acids. Mesoporous silica functionalized by reaction of selone showed excellent selectivity to platinum ions among various transition metal ions.


The study consists of six rather short chapters. Readers can avoid Chapter 1, which discusses three alleged myths about housing land; the author fails to support logically or empirically the claims he wishes to make. Chapter 2, "Historical Background and Institutional Settings," offers an unfortunately superficial sketch. It addresses the history of metropolitan expansion in the Tokyo area, urban planning laws, and tax policies and includes very brief comments on such little-known phenomena as inheritance taxes and eminent domain. For readers interested in learning something about the facts of urban land use, Chapter 3, "Structure of the Housing Land Market," will be the high point of the book. It presents the results of several surveys from the late 1970s that illustrate behavioral patterns among (1) owners of undeveloped land, (2) real estate firms, and (3) home buyers. Hanayama's own survey of some four hundred farmers hoarding agricultural land in several suburban cities near Tokyo provides a vivid sketch of a Japanese variant of possessive individualism. The final three chapters are contentious and polemical in tone and display the heavily prescriptive quality that is often associated with Japanese writing on urban problems. They are entitled "Policies for Better Land Use," "Policies for Land Price Control," and "A Proposal for an Integrated Land Policy." Embedded in them is empirical material that depicts the problems created by rapid development in the Tokyo suburb of Machida between I960 and 1980.


FIELD: transport. SUBSTANCE: system for vessel mooring (16) at sea contains at least two mooring buoyant devices (3) located at distance from each other in longitudinal direction of vessel being connected with them. Each of the mooring devices contains two opposite mooring bodies to locate vessel body between them and connect with them. Each mooring device is made capable to be moved from upper position for connecting with vessel body to lower position where at least one of its mooring bodies is lowered below upper position for disconnecting from the vessel body, and back to upper position. Additional facilities are provided to hold mooring device in actually steady state relative to the sea bed. EFFECT: safety of vessel mooring and unloading at sea system is provided. 14 cl, 9 dwg


Abstract Tourism development is a key feature of the neoliberal economic development model. Through a mix of state and private investment, Indigenous communities in Mexico are encouraged to transform local cultural and environmental resources into tourist consumption sites. The process results in a shift toward reliance on tourism, in place of farming, leaving households with few alternative earning strategies amidst fluctuating tourist arrivals and income, confounding the relationship between tourism and sustainability and questioning the utility of tourism as a sustainable tool for development. This article analyses a community-based Indigenous tourism project in a rural Maya village in Mexico's Yucatan, and discusses strategies employed at household level to navigate the arrival of tourism. Funding agencies assessed this project based on a triple bottom line metric that accounts for ecological health, financial sustainability, and its relationship to local social capital; however, these fail to account for differences between local and non-local conceptions of authenticity, indigeneity, and success. From a social perspective, the project has exacerbated existing tensions and has arguably widened the gap between the politically and economically powerful and less powerful, marginalized families in the community. Questions about policy, governance systems, and elite domination and kin group control are raised.


PurposeScholars have not agreed with each other on how people would behave after experiencing a catastrophic event. They could save more as a precautionary action for future difficulties or save less with a carpe diem attitude. This study aims to attempt to shed light on this debate with empirical observations on how the Covid-19 pandemic has affected household saving decisions.Design/methodology/approachThe two waves of the survey data allowed us to investigate both instantaneous and ongoing effects of Covid-19 on household saving decisions. The instantaneous effect refers to the immediate impact of the crisis, while the ongoing effect refers to the lasting impact of the pandemic when economic recovery had started. The variation in the number of confirmed cases across cities during the two waves provides the source of power for identification. The authors extend their analyses of the impact of Covid-19 on the household saving decision by using ordinary least squares models. Due to the ordered nature of survey responses, the authors also rerun all baseline models using the ordered probit regression method.FindingsThis paper studied the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on household saving decisions in China. This study found that households in the most affected cities would save more during the Covid-19 but tend to save less when the disaster started fading away. Combining findings in Kun et al. (2013) and Filipski et al. (2015), people do become more pessimistic during and after the Covid-19, possibly driving their observed precautionary and cape diem behaviors during the two points of time. Heterogeneity analysis shows that specific households would dramatically change their saving behavior. These observations might be useful for policymakers who concern the economic recovery after this pandemic disaster.Originality/valueUnderstanding how the Covid-19 pandemic would affect household consumption vs saving decisions is important for the economic recovery after this disaster comes to an end. The analyses presented in this research could be useful for policymakers who concern appropriate policies aiming to boost consumption and economic activities after Covid.


The boundaries between health care disciplines and between health and social care are increasingly becoming blurred. Effective coordination and harmony in service delivery in a multidisciplinary environment and understanding of the growing need for appropriate, meaningful health care in this environment, emphasise the necessity for health care policies and learning programmes that reflect awareness of these realities.


Epidemiologic studies and clinical trials have demonstrated that the unique fatty acid profile of nuts beneficially affects serum lipids/lipoproteins (LP) and thus reduces cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Nuts are low in saturated (SFA) and high in monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fats. Macadamia nuts are a rich source of MUFA. A randomized, crossover, controlled feeding study compared a Macadamia nut‐rich diet (1.5 oz per 2100 kcal) (MAC) [33% total fat (7% SFA, 18% MUFA, 5% PUFA)] vs. an average American diet (AAD) [33% total fat (13% SFA, 11% MUFA, 5% PUFA)] on the lipid/LP profile of mildly hypercholesterolemic (n=25; 15 F, 10 M) subjects. Levels of TC, LDL‐C and TG following the MAC (191.9 + 6.6 mg/dL, 122.2 + 5.6 mg/dL, 133.8 + 15.3 mg/dL, respectively) were significantly lower versus the AAD (212.1 + 6.7 mg/dL, 133.8 + 5.7 mg/dL, 166.0 + 15.6 mg/dL; p<0.0001, p<0.001, p<0.05). HDL‐C was reduced on the MAC (43.0 + 2.0 mg/dL) versus the AAD (46.4 + 2.0 mg/dL; p<0.001). Thus, macadamia nuts can be included in a heart‐healthy dietary pattern that reduces lipid/LP CVD risk factors. When incorporating nuts into the diet, foods high in SFA can be replaced isocalorically with nuts and nut products thereby reducing SFA, increasing unsaturated fatty acids and, consequently, lowering CVD risk.


"To effectively address the interactions between HIV/AIDS and food insecurity, there's a need to fill knowledge gaps. strengthen capacity, and learn-by-doing in partnership with people who are directly affected." from Text


E-government is not only growing in importance, but is increasingly put to debate across the world. The public sector's deployment of Information and communication technologies (ICT)—including internet—with objectives such as efficiency, quality of services, effectiveness of the public action, accountability, and a renewing of the political agenda (OECD, 2004) has become a key component in a set of market-driven reforms initiated by many governments since the early 1980s. Now, absTRaCT


In recent times, many organizations implementing total productive maintenance (TPM) have been failing in their attempts due to different barriers and challenges in TPM implementation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the barriers before manufacturing organizations for adapting to proactive total productive maintenance (TPM) initiatives. It is observed that in the case of TPM, top management should be committed to involve from the beginning to implement and follow up, as this decision is complex and involve huge investment in the long term. Before starting implementation, top management should be convinced of the necessary justification, which requires analysis of various barriers such as lack of top management commitment, lack of human resource management, high turnover at top management level, lack of co-ordination between different departments. This paper has tried to develop a framework for analyzing the barriers in TPM implementation


The Fairway Ridge is a buried continental structure that separates the Fairway Basin from the New Caledonia Basin. The proposed Cretaceous age of the Fairway Basin has remained highly hypothetical to date. Deep offshore petroleum exploration wells revealed well‐dated Mesozoic carbonaceous sedimentary rocks in the Taranaki Basin at the southern end of the Aotea Basin. In this paper we use geophysical data to confirm the continuity of the 2000 km long Fairway‐Aotea Basin connecting New Caledonia to New Zealand and prove its early Late Cretaceous age. Analysis of seismic reflection profiles together with newly compiled gravity and magnetic maps reveals Late Cretaceous NE–SW trending lineaments projecting northeastward from major Tasman Sea fracture zones and the Bellona Trough, which demonstrate that the opening of the Fairway‐Aotea Basin predates the opening of the Tasman Sea. This result combined with observations of the Mesozoic regional geology suggests that the Lord Howe, Fairway, and Norfolk ridges are part of a remnant late Early Cretaceous continental arc, which was fragmented into three pieces by the late Early to early Late Cretaceous. This event might be contemporaneous with a plate motion change between the Gondwana and Pacific plates and/or the arrival of the Hikurangi plateau in the subduction zone around 105 Ma, which caused the cessation of subduction along this plate boundary. We interpret either of those two events as being possible trigger events for the post–Early Cretaceous fragmentation of the eastern Gondwana margin in a slab retreat process.


An emerging DOE-sponsored technology has been deployed. The technology recovers light ends from a catalytic reformer plant using waste heat powered ammonia absorption refrigeration. It is deployed at the 17,000 bpd Bloomfield, New Mexico refinery of Western Refining Company. The technology recovers approximately 50,000 barrels per year of liquefied petroleum gas that was formerly being flared. The elimination of the flare also reduces CO2 emissions by 17,000 tons per year, plus tons per year reductions in NOx, CO, and VOCs. The waste heat is supplied directly to the absorption unit from the Unifiner effluent. The added cooling of that stream relieves a bottleneck formerly present due to restricted availability of cooling water. The 350oF Unifiner effluent is cooled to 260oF. The catalytic reformer vent gas is directly chilled to minus 25oF, and the FCC column overhead reflux is chilled by 25oF glycol. Notwithstanding a substantial cost overrun and schedule slippage, this project can now be considered a success: it is both profitable and highly beneficial to the environment. The capabilities of directly-integrated waste-heat powered ammonia absorption refrigeration and their benefits to the refining industry have been demonstrated.


Experiments carried out in this study sought to contribute to the understanding of the ecological interactions involved in Uapaca kirkiana seedling establishment and growth in a natural woodland ecosystem. These include soil pH reactions, plant root surface pH change, root exudates that affect the chemical behaviour of the soil in the vicinity of the root, and microbial effects. Although it was difficult to determine which of these factors play a dominant role in the soil-plant relationship, the study contributed to the understanding of the mycorrhizal fungi-host plant association. It revealed the diversity of mycorrhizal fungal species occurring in the different ecological sites, and also analysed the relationship between soil factors. Soil pH and K had significant influences on the fungi population diversity. K was considered important in its role in the translocation of auxins to the root sites where they enhance root susceptibility to mycorrhizal fungal infection. More work needs to be undertaken to establish the role of soil pH. Influence of climatic factors such as temperature and precipitation on the occurrence and distribution of mycorrhizal fungi was also found to be significant between different sites. Influence of N and P on the mycorrhizal fungal species was not established but their importance is discussed. Further research is necessary to establish the role of N and P, particularly looking at their influence on NH2 and production of ATP compounds, respectively. The study on nutrient dynamics in the natural woodland ecosystem was undertaken to analyse influence of soil and climatic factors on the plant uptake of both macro and micronutrients. Results indicated that foliar analysis could be used to identify suitable sites for planting U. kirkiana seedlings. Micronutrients such as Mn, Zn and B have been noted to be important for the early establishment and growth of U. kirkiana seedlings. The study did not establish the required levels of these nutrients but indications are that when rainfall season foliar levels of Mn, Zn and B fall below 38 mg/kg, 12 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg respectively, seedling growth is affected detrimentally. Investigation on the use of inorganic N and P in U. kirkiana revealed that 10.5 g of N had a negative effect on biomass of seedlings grown in polythene pots. Positive response to P levels was established. The significant interaction between N and P indicate that when these nutrients are applied in correct combinations they could have a positive effect on seedling growth. Influence of different mycorrhizal fungi on seedling growth and their effect in protecting seedlings against soil-borne pathogens was also assessed. The study revealed that different mycorrhizal fungi, i.e. Amanita zambiana, Cantharellus cibarius, Cantharellus sp., Lactarius edulis and Lactarius deliciosus did stimulate seedling growth. Variation in their influence on seedling growth reflected their intrinsic biological differences. Performance and survival of these mycorrhizal fungi under natural conditions needs further investigation. Contribution of mycorrhizal fungi in the management of Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora parasitica and Pseudomonas solani soil-borne pathogens was also established.


The retrieval of ionosphere measurements (IMs) constitutes the first key step in the process of ionospheric monitoring with the global positioning system (GPS). Carrier-to-code levelling (CCL) is one of the most widely used retrieval methods, mainly because of its simplicity and effectiveness. However, CCL-derived IMs have been proven to be susceptible to so-called levelling errors, which is mainly due to the presence of code multipath effects and the occurrence of short-term variability in receiver code biases (RCBs). To address these levelling errors, we propose a refined CCL (rCCL) method, in which the code multipath and RCB variations are jointly estimated as time-varying parameters and thus removed. Compared to the customary CCL method, this new method has two advantages. First, rCCL is able to exclude the effect of code multipath and time-varying RCBs from IMs, thereby greatly reducing the levelling errors of IM estimates. Second, the RCB variations are estimated for each individual code observation using a single receiver, allowing easy and effective calibration of the short-term variability in RCBs and the linear combination of, for instance, receiver differential code biases (rDCBs).


Purpose
The purpose of the current study is to help remove the obstacles to sustainable production and consumption by revealing the determinants of green consumption behaviour, which is one of the precursors of sustainable economic growth. This study aims to expand the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model and contribute to the relevant literature by investigating the factors of social media usage, social media marketing and digital marketing interactions that have not been investigated before in relation to green product purchasing behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach
This study examines the effect of the extended TPB model on consumers' intention to buy green products in Turkey, which has a Middle Eastern culture and is a developing economy. In the study, data collected from 409 participants with the questionnaire method were analysed using SmartPLS 4.0 and IBM SPSS 26 statistical programs.

Findings
The study findings revealed that all the structural elements of TPB (attitude, subjective norms, personal behaviour controls) and social media marketing and digital marketing interactions contribute to consumers' green product purchasing behaviour. The study findings also demonstrated that the use of social media is not effective in the purchasing of green products.

Originality/value
Understanding consumers' perspective on purchasing green products is crucial for policymakers, businesses and marketers, as it helps formulate appropriate strategies to support sustainable economic growth. In this respect, this study has important implications for sustainable consumption and production. In addition, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the study is the first to examine consumers' green product purchasing behaviour in the context of sustainable economy.


The author continues the Bulletin series (the first two articles appeared in the November 1954 and February 1955 issues) on radioactive contamination or fall-out from thermonuclear explosions. Dr. Lapp explains his previous calculations, emphasizes the persistence of radioactive fall-out, and outlines the problems involved in internal hazards from fission products. He estimates the global contamination hazard from our test program and evaluates the radiation danger from a global nuclear war.


During the COVID-19 pandemic, most face-to-face courses were cancelled in line with government and trust guidelines reducing the risk of virus transmission and, if possible, delivered virtually. Given that this is not feasible for all courses, cancellation would have resulted in suspension of essential training for healthcare staff subsequently impacting on career progression.We aimed to deliver Internal Medical training skills and simulations course, face-to-face with measures taken to minimize virus transmission as well as maintain good-quality teaching.COVID-19 measures:
Fewer delegates per course to accommodate social distancing – infection control guidedTemperature check on registrationWearing appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) whilst inside the teaching centreEmail instructing to notify if exhibiting symptoms of COVID-19, and advise not to attendMaintain social distancing during courseIncrease ventilation of roomsCleaning of equipment after each use and encouraged regular use of hand sanitizerUse of register for track and trace purposesFeedback forms of courses that were run pre-pandemic (2019/20) and during pandemic (2020/21) were collated and compared.Four editions of the course were run over a period of 3 months and a total of 19 participants in 2019/2020. Four editions of the course were run over a period of 7 months with a total of 17 participants in 2020–2021. Feedback response was on a Likert scale ranging from 'strongly agree' to 'strongly disagree'. For ease of comparison, Figure 1 shows 'strongly agree' and 'agree' responses only. The pre- and post-SARS-COVID-19 results from the feedback are similar across the board.The results from the feedback forms are very similar for both courses run pre- and post-SARS-COVID-19. Free-text feedback and feedback on the day from the delegates were positive. The results suggest that the changes made to the course during the pandemic to allow for social distancing and to ensure that the courses were run COVID secure have not affected the quality of the teaching and the learning opportunities for delegates. Furthermore, written feedback showed that most candidates appreciated the opportunity to practice new skills and gain confidence and work fatigue did not dampen their motivation to learn. This highlights the importance of continuing to run face-to-face courses during the pandemic.


'Xinxiang No.2' is a hybrid developed by crossing inbred line 95012 with 97015.It is supper early maturity.It takes 18-20 days from flowering to harvest.Average weight per fruit is 18-20 g.The fruit is horn-shaped with length of 16 cm,shoulder diameter of 2.0 cm.It is high resistant to anthracnose,resistant to phytophthora blight and virus disease.The total yield is about 49.5 t·hm-2.


a decreasing trend over time, the addition of mango juice and orange fiber could remarkably improve the overall acceptability of the treated samples compared to the control sample. In general, the results of this study showed that synbiotic apple juice containing orange fiber and mango juice in combination provided the best viability of L. casei with acceptable physicochemical and sensory properties and could be introduced as a synbiotic apple juice.


Abstract. Violence is in its broadest sense the deliberate creation of "bads" or negative goods as opposed to production, which is the deliberate creation of good. Its two major sources are malevolence and threat. Malevolence is the situation where A's perception that B is worse off increases A's welfare or utility. Threat systems are probably the largest source of violence. Four responses to threat are: compliance or submission: defiance: flight; and counter-threat, which is stable in the short run, but must eventually break down and is the major source of violence in the modern world.


A cutting-edge technical solution created to improve the security and effectiveness of military operations is the E-vest of Soldier Health and Position Tracking System. This system consists of a wearable vest with sensors that track the soldiers' GPS locations, vital signs, and physical activity. The gathered information is wirelessly sent to a central command post, where it is evaluated and used to monitor the condition and where abouts of the soldiers in real time. Additionally, the system has the ability to recognize anomalous circumstances, such as wounds or stress, and transmit signals to the command center to provide immediate medical assistance and support. Soldier safety and well-being could be greatly enhanced by the E-vest of Soldier Health and Position Tracking System.


The prices of production factors of Chinese makers such as land,capital and labor force are cheaper than that of other countries in the world,and the condition of undertaking social responsibility of Chinese enterprises poor,all these have made the lower cost price of Chinese makers.Factors like over production than


Mechanical stress occurs during packaging and front-end processing. The impact of mechanical stress on device mismatch is investigated. A measurement set-up is presented which uses a beam bending technique to apply mechanical stress. The characterization of mismatch is based on a test macro for the extraction of pair mismatch and long distance mismatch. It is found that the device characteristics change when stress is applied dependent on the device orientation with respect to the stress direction. 0.18 /spl mu/m, 0.25 /spl mu/m, and 0.50 /spl mu/m technologies are investigated. No major impact is observed on the pair-mismatch of directly neighboring devices and on the long distance mismatch due to mechanical stress.


This overview describes a flexible system of electronic and mechanical building blocks with characteristics and capabilities suitable for construction of a flight-capable experiment data management system. The initial space application of this modular system, called the Spacelab Payload System Modular Electronics (SPSME), is the data system for the Nuclear Radiation Monitor (NRM) on Spacelab Mission 2.


This paper presents a sensorless hysteresis direct torque control method using matrix converter fed IPM synchronous motor. This method allows a reduction of the harmonic content of the input current without any negative effect on the drive performance. The merits of the original HDTC scheme, simplicity, robustness and high dynamics, are preserved. Moreover, by applying two input vectors at each cycle, the instantaneous control of input power factor is achieved without the displacement estimator, the low-pass filter or the input power factor hysteresis comparator, which are required in the original DTC scheme for matrix converters. The speed and position estimation is based on a speed-adaptive flux observer. Simulation and experimental results are shown to identify the effectiveness and improvement of the proposed method.


Abstract – This study is entitled "The Domination of Antagonistic Characters in Western Serial Films" which aims to find out (1) characterization in terms of an financial scheme that includes: sender (destinator), receiver (receiver), subject (subject), object (object), helper ( adjuvant), and inhibitors (traitor); and (2) the dominance of the character of the antagonist in terms of the functional model of Algirdas Greimas which includes: initial situation, transformation (skill test stage, main stage, glory stage), and final situation, (3) pattern of propagation through the Scene-O- model Gram Richard Krevolin. The study used a qualitative method with Greimas's narrative semiotic analysis approach. Greimas's narrative semiotic analysis analogizes narrative as meaning. The characters in the narration occupy an important position in a story. In addition, the relation of each character is very important in a story. This research was conducted through primary and secondary data collection techniques with the object of the research was the Netflix film series "Messiah" Season 1 Episode 1-10. The results showed that the schema of the actans is occupied by several characters at once with the subject being the figure of Al-Masih. The functional model portrays Al-Masih's character as a central figure throughout the film series. Meanwhile the pattern of breaking through the Scene-O-Gram model is divided into three acts. Keyword: Antagonist Character, Film, Greimas Narrative Semiotic Analysis


The three-stage inversion algorithm and the random volume over ground (RVoG) model can estimate forest parameters, using single baseline polarimetric synthetic aperture radar interferometry (PolInSAR) data. However, the classical method to invert forest height cannot hold the real data, as there are a lot of error data, which is not consistent with practice in theory. Accordingly, the results of classical inversion method are not accuracy and have many noise points. To overcome this problem, the improved algorithm eliminates the singular points while fitting the least square line to determine the location of the ground phase in complex unit circle. This new algorithm is more suitable for practical data.


Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency in children. A Japanese 8-year-old boy with attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) and comorbid autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibited fever, anorexia, and frequent vomiting. Gastrointestinal symptoms were initially regarded as associated with streptococcal pharyngitis and adverse effects of ADHD medication. Empirical antibiotic therapy did not improve his clinical condition. Absence of abdominal distension and tenderness led to a misled diagnosis and delayed diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis. Surgical intervention was made eventually for perforated appendicitis. He recovered without sequelae. Streptococcal pharyngitis with concurrent appendicitis is rare. Children with ASD sometimes have difficulty explaining their signs because of communication problems and insensitivity to pain. Special consideration is necessary when examining children with neurodevelopmental disorders, especially in emergency surgical conditions.


After studying protocol preexist RDP,analyzing the protocol data unit on the Ethernet,a part of encoding is picked up when the RDP connection and use the encoding design a RDP client to connect to the Terminal Services.We design a RDP client work on Linux OS ,it will not only break the stalemate but also be propitious to study deep-seated RDP.


The cracks of Shankou RCC Dam in the construction process were caused by the dry air and large temperature difference in Xinjiang area.According to the project characteristics,as well as the actual situation of dam cracks,comprehensive treatment measures such as surface repairing,caulking sealing,chemical grouting and biomimetic self-healing are adopted to repair the cracks,the requirement of repairing materials selection is introduced,and the technological process of the repair construction is elaborated.The result shows that all the cracks have no seepage through the test of water pressure and core sampling after the repair and the cracks do not have the developing trend in the later detection.The treatment and technological process can provide references for similar projects.


Luminosity constant models of axisymmetric circumstellar dust shells are calculated. The models consist of either donut-like or disklike distributions of silicate grains surrounding a 3000 K star. An iterative scheme is used to solve the radiative transfer problem taking into account both scattered and thermal radiation. Maps for models with varying degrees of asymmetry and optical thickness of the shell and for various inclinations of the line of sight to the axis of symmetry are presented. One-dimensional visibility amplitudes and angular sizes are computed for scans of the maps in two perpendicular directions. It is shown that one-dimensional visibility measurements at 10 and 20 microns may be used to distinguish between the two types of dust density distributions considered here. 30 refs.


Supply chains are complex entities populated by many agents and, as such, they belong to the broad category of the so called hybrid institutions (i.e. institutions in between firms and markets) (Menard, 200). A number of different strands in the economic literature are challenged by their complexity and try to better understand their role in the functioning of the economy. Since the contributions by Davis and Goldberg and by Malassis (Davis and Goldberg, 1958; Malassis, 1969), it is also commonly acknowledged that in industrial economies the production of food is organized in complex systems where diversified specialized firms interact intensively and progressively modify raw materials, adding intermediate inputs ingredients services and increasing value to the final consumer. The complexity of the system increased to the point that it has been often referred to as the industrialization of agriculture (Traill and Gomes Da Silva, 1996). Food production is commonly perceived as a "black box" also due to ongoing globalization, delocalization and the prominent role taken by multinational corporations (Fonte and Cucco, 2015). All these processes also drive a marginalization of small family-run traditional strongly rooted on specific narrow places production units. As a reaction, policy makers as well as producers' and consumers' associations in different parts of the world try to foster more transparent tighter and less captive and more relational supply chains. There is general consensus – both among researchers and practitionerson the idea that in order to market their products and to be profitable, firms increasingly need to be embedded in a network of relationships that goes beyond those of spot markets (Dyer and Singh, 1998; Oliver and Ebers, 1998; Galizzi and Venturini, 1999; Bouamra-Mechemache et al., 2015).It is, though, less clear which kind of relationships are better suited for the different tasks to be performed and what are the most effective ways to promote these patterns of relations under different settings. Awareness of possible limits and drawbacks of hybrids is even less widespread, especially among those in charge of designing and implementing the institutional framework in which hybrids should be put in place and operate. The aim of this work is to contribute to better understanding organizational forms in the agri-food sector, with reference to how food supply chains are featured and work. To this end, some food chains are depicted, focusing on the role of the different stakeholders, the kind of relation they establish among each other, the scope for coordinating and the kind of governance assuring the overall working of the chain.


The study analyzes the form in Oscar Wilde's novel The Picture of Dorian Gray through point of view, character, and symbol. Point of view is analyzed by using categories of point of view (third or first person narrator). In analyzing character, it will use discursive and dramatic method, and in analyzing symbol, it will find a person, object, action, place, or event that, in addition to its literal meaning, suggests a more complex meaning or range of meanings. After analyzing those elements, this study finds the form by looking the pattern that lies in those elements. Key words : form, point of view, character, symbol .


Microtubule‐associated protein tau is abnormally hyperphosphorylated and aggregated into neurofibrillary tangles in brains with Alzheimer's disease. The phosphorylation sites of tau are mainly localized in the proline‐rich (residues 172–251) and C‐terminal tail (residues 368–441) regions, which flank the microtubule‐binding repeats. Here, we investigated the effects of tau phosphorylation at these distinct sites/regions on its activity of stimulating microtubule assembly and its self‐aggregation. We found that tau phosphorylation at the proline‐rich region by dual‐specificity tyrosine‐phosphorylated and ‐regulated kinase 1A inhibited its microtubule assembly activity moderately and promoted its self‐aggregation slightly. Tau phosphorylation at the C‐terminal tail region by glycogen synthase kinase‐3β increased its activity and promoted its self‐aggregation markedly. Tau phosphorylation at both regions plus the microtubule‐binding region by cAMP‐dependent protein kinase diminished its activity (∼70% inhibition) and disrupted microtubules. These studies reveal the differential regulation of tau's biological activity and self‐aggregation by phosphorylation at various sites/regions.


Repeated bouts of acute aerobic exercise improve skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and completeness of fatty acid β‐oxidation which contributes to reductions in lipid accumulation. We hypothesize that epigenetic regulation of metabolic genes due to exercise may lead to increased mitochondrial function in overweight/obese (Ov/ob) individuals. 30 men, aged 19–30 years, were recruited and divided into two groups: lean (BMI, 18.5–24.1 kg/m2, n=15) and Ov/ob (BMI, 25.5–36.9 kg/m2, n=15). Four hours after eating a standardized high‐carbohydrate breakfast (7 kcal/kg; 60% carbohydrate, 25% fat, 15% protein), they performed an acute bout of cycling exercise (50% VO2max, spending ~650 kcal). Thirty minutes before eating the breakfast, vastus lateralis muscle biopsy samples were collected (pre). Biopsy samples were also collected immediately after (post) exercise. In skeletal muscle, metabolomics of acylcarnitines was determined by tandem mass spec and gene expression by RNA‐seq, via the Illumina platform. For analysis, TopHat was used for sequence alignment and Cuffdiff for gene expression. Mononucleosomal DNA was used in downstream MNase‐seq via the Illumina platform. In skeletal muscle, as per correlation heat maps of acylcarnitine profile, Ov/ob pre exhibited fewer positive correlations between long and medium/short chain fatty acid concentrations compared to lean pre. Exercise increased completeness of β‐oxidation of fatty acids in both lean and Ov/ob. However, Ov/ob post exhibited a higher number of positive correlations between long and medium/short chain fatty acids compared to lean post, thus indicating more complete β‐oxidation following exercise than lean. This indicates that exercise is able to increase skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in both groups but may be more beneficial in increasing mitochondrial function in Ov/ob. ~97% of all sequenced reads from RNA‐seq aligned to the genome. In our preliminary RNA‐seq results (N=4 per group), we found 62, 149 and 99 genes differentially expressed between lean pre‐Ov/ob pre, lean pre‐post and Ov/ob pre‐post, respectively. In MNase‐seq analysis, whole genome nucleosomes maps were created, which showed differential chromatin architecture dependent on overweight/obesity and on exercise training. These results show that exercise‐induced alterations in mitochondrial function in lean and Ov/ob individuals following a single, acute bout of exercise at moderate intensity are associated with epigenetic alterations and differential gene expression. Differential expression of epigenetically regulated genes may account for the increased responsiveness in mitochondrial function contributing to more complete β‐oxidation in overweight/obese individuals.


A software GNSS signal generator for the GPS L1/L2/L5 and Galileo E1/E5 signals is proposed in this paper. And this signal generator is designed and implemented with several components by considering the reuse and expansion of components for similar GNSS signals. The characteristics of the reusability of the components are confirmed with the carrier generation and the band-pass filter components. And the functionality of the GNSS multi-band IF signal generator is validated by using the commercial software GPS L1 receiver, and the performance of signal acquisition, tracking and accuracy of horizontal position error are analyzed for this validation. As a result, the GPS L1 signal generator operates successfully and it could be expected that other signal generators also operate well because most of components are the same as those of the GPS L1 signal generator.


This article examines the place of the NGOs in Uzbekistan. This country in Central Asia has since the break-up of the USSR been coming under strong Western pressure expressed through prescribed standards of good governance. The latter are nevertheless rarely put into practice but widely evoked. In this, the NGOs appear first as an opening between the closed interior world of a hard nationalist dictatorship ands the outside: the global, Western universe. Much broadcast standards, pressure and funds circulate. With them come certain concepts, such as those of civil society, rights and governance. The building of civil society was evoked by the NGOs in particularly, up to 1995. Since then, in the face of lack of results, the approach has been more pragmatic, more developmentalist. The NGOs therefore diffuse the precepts of civil society, rather than implement a true construction, in the face of a State that is vigilant and brutal. The NGOs consequently appear to be acting in the service of global governance as formulated by the Western countries. Leading these, the USA play a prime determining role in the strategies chosen and the resources allocated to the NGOs in Uzbekistan.


The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between performance expectancy, and government support for m-commerce adoption among Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the service industry. The study was quantitative, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect primary data from 396 SMEs in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, Malaysia. The data was analyzed using PLS-SEM, and findings discovered that the proposed model explained 58.4% of the variance in the dependent variable which is considered at a strong level. The findings show that there is a positive significant relationship between performance expectancy, and government support for m-commerce adoption.


Cogenerators must qualify for Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) benefits in order to avoid regulation when they interconnect with public utilities and to receive full avoided costs for their surplus power. Cogenerators can self-qualify by writing the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) and providing qualifying information and requesting a receipt that the information was received. They can also apply for commission certification, which is a lengthier process that also provides guarantees of qualification to regulators and financiers. (DCK)


How do we know that electronic commerce is a revolution? While Marx wouldn't recognize the meaning of the word "revolution" in this context, many firms that promote e-commerce often use the word. It's interesting to consider why. Even BusinessWeek and The Wall Street Journal, the usual beacons for mainstream commerce in the US, have noticed e-commerce's ubiquity. Although, mainstream publications mostly concentrate on the activities of empires and their


The flow past various mechanical cavity, which is a common structure on the surface of the underwater vehicle, and generating hydrodynamic noise have attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this paper, two hybrid methods, which are equivalent source method and acoustic boundary condition method, are presented to investigate the hydrodynamic noise induced by a 3D cavity. Compared with experimental data, equivalent source method is verified more suitably for studying 3D cavity hydrodynamic noise. Based on equivalent source method, the 3D cavity hydrodynamic noise is predicted in terms of flow mechanisms, sound propagation distributions and the spectrum of sound pressure level. It is found that the hydrodynamic noise is supported by the low frequency range, which is caused by motions of the large vortex, and radiated noise presents dipole characteristics.


With the development of computer assisted instruction, Automatic Test Paper Generation has become a hot and diffi cult of the study. Automatic test paper strategy is the core of the automatic test system. The intelligent algorithm, such as: the pop ular genetic algorithm, ant colony algorithm, artificial fish swarm algorithm and particle swarm algorithm is widely used in auto matic test system.


Introduction: Labor is a painful and prolonged process. Applying an uncomplicated method to reduce the length of delivery and severity of pain can increase maternal satisfaction and decrease the rate of cesarean section. Topical magnesium sulfate is empirically used to improve the effacement and dilatation of the cervix. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of improving these variables on the intensity of labor pain. Methods: This double blind clinical trial was conducted among 60 nulliparous women with full-term pregnancy. The participants were randomly divided into two groups of 30 individuals. The patients in the magnesium sulfate group received 10 cc of magnesium sulfate 50 and the control group were treated by 10 cc of distilled water poured on the cervix in the beginning of the active phase. Thereafter, the labor progress was studied in the groups. At the beginning of the active phase and two hours later, the severity of pain was measured using visual analog scale. Data analysis was performed using independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-squared test, and Fisher's exact test in SPSS software, version 17. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Prior to the intervention, the intensity of pain was not significantly different between the two groups. After 2 hours of intervention in the control group, the mean pain intensity significantly increased (P=0.04), while in the magnesium sulfate group, the pain intensity did not change significantly. Two hours after the intervention, the mean of effacement and dilatation in the magnesium sulfate group was higher (P˂0.001). Conclusion: The application of topical magnesium sulfate reduced the duration of labor by improving the cervical condition. In addition, it reduces the intensity of labor pain. However, it did not have a negative effect on the severity of uterine contractions.


Background: Lower extremity overuse injuries commonly occurs due to decreased flexibility of plantar flexor muscles in females wearing high heeled foot wears. Plantar flexors shortening are treated by various physiotherapeutic techniques. Superficial heat (moist heat) and Deep heat (ultra sound) along with static stretching are treatment techniques used in physiotherapy. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of superficial heat and Deep heat in combination with static stretching in improving the plantar flexors flexibility in females wearing high heeled footwears. Method: The study included a sample of 40 individuals those who were wearing high heel > 2 inch. Out of that 20 individuals were in superficial heating group (group A) where moist heat was administered for 15 minutes to Achilles tendon, and remaining 20 individuals were in deep heating group (group B) where continuous ultrasound with frequency of 1 MHz at an intensity of 1.5 W/Cm2 was administered for 7 minutes to the Achilles tendon. Both the groups received 30 seconds of static stretch with 4 repetitions performed 5 times per week. The duration of entire study was 3 weeks and both the group received 1 session per day. Analysis was based on the Goniometer test score. Result: Both the group A and group B showed improvement in ankle ROM postintervention when compared with preintervention measurement and 't'calculated value for pre-postintervention measures was statistically significant as it was above the 't' tabulated value. Moreover, Mean±SD of pre-post difference in right ankle dorsiflexion ROM for group A was 2.90±1.37 and for group B was 4.25±0.85 and Mean±SD of pre-post difference in left ankle dorsiflexion ROM for group A was 3.60±1.04 and for group B was 4.35±0.74. 't'calculated value for pre-post ROM difference was statistically significant as it was above the 't' tabulated value of 1.96. Interpretation & Conclusion: There was significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion both the treatment programs are highly significant and effective in improving the ankle joint ROM, but ultrasound with deep heating property was found to be more superior as compared to moist heat pack with superficial heating property in improving plantar flexors flexibility in females wearing high heel foot wears.


The paper describes the relationship between floodplains and flood hazards, defines engineering and non -engineering flood control measures, and discusses the non -engineering measures prevailing abroad.


The high-end accounting talents are high-level,highly creative,and highly influential.They possess both the great quality and the expertise.The quality development of the high-end accounting talents covers the development of basic quality,psychological quality,capacity and business quality and the implementation of these qualities into practice.The development mode is oriented by the policy,centered by the colleges and universities,promoted by the markets and led by the internationalization.


AIM: To study the clinical efficacy and safety with L_arginine in the treatment of angina pectoris. METHODS: The double_blind method was used, 4 tablets (0.25 g/tab) po, tid were used both in L_arginine group (38 patients, M 24, F 14, age 60 a±s 9 a) and in starch placebo group (30 patients, M 18, F 12, age 62 a±9 a) for 4 wk. RESULTS: The total clinical effective rate was 95%, ECG effective rate was 74% for L_arginine group; 63% and 40% respectively for placebo group. There were great differences between two groups (P 0.01). L_arginine reduced blood pressure and myocardial oxygen consumption, and decreased total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL lipoprotein_cholesterol, but did not affect HDL lipoprotein_cholesterol. There were no adverse reactions. CONCLUSION: L_Arginine is a safe and effective drug for the treatment of angina pectoris.


I have been instructed to request Directors of all observatories which have taken part in the programme of special magnetic observations on term hours between May 22, 1911, and January 26, 1912, agreed on with Captain Scott, to kindly send to Kew Observatory, Richmond, Surrey, England, copies (preferably photographic) of the records obtained during all the term hours. Directors are also requested to send information as to any errors in the time marks on the traces, and as to base line values and scale values with explanations of what increasing ordinate signifies in the several curves, and of how the curves should be measured (e.g., whether from the upper edge of base line to upper edge of trace, or otherwise). Information is also desired as to temperature corrections, if these vary sensibly during any of the term hours. It would also be a convenience to have any information that is readily available as to the changes to be expected (from the regular diurnal variation) on a normal day during the respective term hours.


Background Ectopic pregnancy is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Creatine kinase is an enzyme that its increase reflects tissue injury and could be useful in the diagnosis of tubal pregnancy. Objectives To evaluate the diagnostic value of total creatine kinase in women with ectopic pregnancy, tubal rupture ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, and normal pregnancy and to investigate the possible discriminatory ability of creatine kinase-MB for diagnosis of tubal rupture ectopic pregnancy. Methods Forty women with ectopic pregnancy, 17 with intrauterine abortion and 24 women with normal gestation were studied. The diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy was based on clinical assessment and transvaginal ultrasonography. Serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels were measured by enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay. Total serum creatine kinase and creatine kinase-MB values were determined by spectrophotometrical analysis. Results Creatine kinase and creatine kinase-MB levels were significantly higher in tubal ectopic pregnancy compared with both intrauterine abortions and normal gestations. When using creatine kinase-MB of 4.55 IU/ml as a cut-off value for the diagnosis of tubal ectopic pregnancy from control groups, sensitivity 81.64%, specificity 84.3%, positive predictive value 88.5% and negative predictive value 71.4%. Creatine kinase level in the ruptured ectopic pregnancy group was significantly higher than in the unruptured ectopic pregnancy, and normal pregnancy. When using creatine kinase of 29.43 IU/ml as a cut-off value for the diagnosis of ruptured ectopic pregnancy from unruptured groups, sensitivity 92%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 96% and efficiency 97.4%. Conclusions Women with ectopic had a significantly higher levels of creatine kinase-MB compared with women with normal pregnancy or intrauterine abortion and it has a high discriminatory ability for diagnosis of tubal rupture ectopic pregnancy.


Flexible polymer composite materials are advantageous for future thermoelectrics. In this paper we report the controlled dispersion of single-walled carbon nanotubes into an elastic polymer matrix for efficient thermoelectric power generation capability. Optimized rubber composites with a 30 wt % loading level of single-walled carbon nanotubes showed a 15 µW m−1 K−2 thermoelectric power factor, comparable to those of non-elastic carbon nanotube sheets, and larger than those of flexible composite films based on carbon nanotubes.


Evaluation of knowledge chain performance is very helpful for enterprises finding out the key factors that restrain the enhancing of performance, and taking effective measures to improve their innovation ability. This paper, which covers from creating customer value, knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing and transmission, knowledge innovation, to knowledge stocks and knowledge management platform, analyses the main factors of knowledge chain performance and establishes an indicator system about knowledge chain performance. Based on the system, an evidential reasoning method to evaluate knowledge chain performance is proposed and arithmetic steps for evidential reasoning are presented. At the last part of the paper, an example is given to illustrate that this method is effective and practicable.


The Takrir method is an effective method in teaching Qira'ah Sab'ah. This method involves interactions between students and teachers through group discussions that can significantly improve students' ability in reading Qira'ah Sab'ah. This research discusses the implementation of the Takrir method as one of the learning methods in studying Qira'ah Sab'ah at Pondok Pesantren Tahfizul Qur'an Al-Hasan Ponorogo. This research uses a qualitative approach to explore in-depth information through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The purpose of this study is to understand the process of implementing the Takrir method in the learning of Qira'ah Sab'ah at Pondok Pesantren Tahfizul Qur'an Al-Hasan and its impact on students' learning outcomes. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the Takrir method can increase students' motivation and interest in learning, as well as facilitate their understanding and pronunciation of Qira'ah Sab'ah. Additionally, the Takrir method can also improve students' speaking skills and self-confidence in presenting their learning outcomes. In conclusion, this research recommends the consistent and planned implementation of the Takrir method in the learning of Qira'ah Sab'ah at the pesantren. Furthermore, further research is needed to more accurately measure the impact of implementing the Takrir method in the learning of Qira'ah Sab'ah.


The Sliding Hinge Joint (SHJ) is a joint for moment resisting steel frame (MRSF) seismic-resisting systems. It is ideally intended to be rigid under serviceability limit state (SLS) conditions. For greater shaking, up to the ultimate limit state (ULS), rotation between the column and beam is expected. At the end of the shaking the joint is expected to seize up and become rigid again. A key component in the sliding hinge joint is the asymmetric friction connection (AFC) which allows large beam-column rotation with minimal damage through sliding. However, previous research has shown that, after a severe earthquake, the post sliding strength and stiffness of the SHJ connection as currently applied is considerably reduced, such that re-tightening or replacement of the bolts is likely to be needed. This is because the AFC bolts lose part of their initial tension during joint sliding. Hence the joint falls short of meeting one of the key original low damage performance requirements of not requiring any structural intervention following a severe earthquake. A remedy to this shortcoming could be using Belleville springs in the AFC. However, the introduction of Belleville Springs potentially reduces the self centering ability of the building and the impact of this effect must be considered. Belleville springs are truncated conical washer-type elements that compress elastically to an accurately defined level of force. When the bolt relaxes, the Belleville spring pushes out to maintain very close to the installed level of tension. The behaviour and sliding shear capacity of the AFC with Belleville springs is to be investigated in this project and will be presented in this paper considering different configurations using a plastic theory based bolt model. A method of installing the bolts using Belleville springs is then proposed. The predicted effects of using the AFC with Belleville springs on the SHJ characteristics such as dynamic self centering properties are also discussed. Finally, the proposed research program to determine the performance of AFC's with Belleville springs and their influence on the overall building performance is outlined.


The effect of electrical aging on the trap parameter of HVAC XLPE cable insulation was investigated in this work. Thermally Stimulated Current (TSC) was used to measure depolarization current. The variation of trap parameter was calculated by means of start-up method based on the Gaussian fitting curve of TSC data. It was found that, the activation energy and the amount of trap charge obtained from TSC peak at 243K and 348K were increased after electrical aging, which may be benefit to characterize the degree of aging. The amount of trap charge in the two peaks increases as the increase of oxide dipole after electrical aging. And charge trapped described by the TSC peak at melting temperature increased after aging. It is considered that the increase of charge in the TSC peak can be attributed to the release of trap charge in the melt crystallization process, which corresponds to the α relaxation process in XLPE insulation.