Idiosyncratic Adverse Drug Reactions: Challenges to Clinical Pharmacologists (C.A. Naranjo, B.M. Ghajar and K.L. Lanctot). The implications of Idiosyncratic Reactions for New Drug Development (L. Lasagne). Important Idiosyncratic Drug Reactions (G.R. Venning). Discussion. Panel Discussion: Idiosyncratic Reactions: The Role of Clinical Trials in Detecting, Predicting or Defining Limits of Frequency. (Chairman: L. Lasagne). (M. Auriche, J. Idanpaan-Heikkila, N. Shear, M.D.B. Stephens, and B.-E. Wiholm). Clozapine Induced Blood Disorders in 1975-1989 in Finland: A Review of a Drug From Withdrawal to Re-approval With Restrictions (J. Idanpaan-Heikkila). Discussion - Drug Discontinuations Due to Idiosyncratic Reactions: Regulatory Viewpoint. Drug Discontinuations Due to Idiosyncratic Reactions: Industry Viewpoint (G. Lewandowski). Discussion - Drug Discontinuations Due to Idiosyncratic Reactions: Industry Viewpoint. Panel Discussion: The Impact of Drug Discontinuations: Medical, Social, Pharmaceutical, Legal, etc. (Chairman: C.A. Naranjo) (J.K. Jones, L. Lasagna, G. Lewandowski, S. Spielberg, M.D.B. Stephens and B.E. Wiholm). Clinical Manifestations of Idiosyncratic Reactions - Introductory Remarks. (J.K. Jones). The Liver as a Target Organ For Idiosyncratic Reactions (B. Begaud). The Skin as a Target Organ For Adverse Drug Reactions (N.S. Shear). The Bone Marrow as the Target for Idiosyncratic Reactions. Discussion: The Bone Marrow as the Target for Idiosyncratic Reactions. Other Important Sites For Idiosyncratic Reactions or Reflections on the Diversity of Reactions (M.D.B. Stephens). Discussion - Other Important Sites For Idiosyncratic Reactions of Reflections on the Diversity of Reactions. Pathogens and Pharmacogenetics of Idiosyncratic Hypersensitivity. Adverse Drug Reactions (S. Spielberg). Genetic mechanisms of Idiosyncratic Drug Reactions (W. Kalow). Epidemiologic Approaches to Idiosyncratic Reactions (J.K. Jones). The Bayesian Differential of Idiosyncratic Reactions to New Drugs: Neutropenia and Antiarrhythmic Agents (C.A. Naranjo, K.L. Lanctot and D.A. Lane). Panel Discussion: International Collaboration for Studying Idiosyncratic Drug Reactions. (Chairperson: J.K. Jones). (B. Begaud, W. Kalow, L. Lasagne, C.A. Naranjo, S. Spielberg and B.-E. Wiholm). Concluding Remarks (C.A. Naranjo and J.K. Jones).


IT has been said that factory inspection is acceptedby the average citizen in the same way that he accept!';street lighting 01' main drainage. He looks on it as anecessityof civilized life, a little expensiveperhaps,but one that presentsno definite problem and is not basedon any particular underlying principle. He forgets that it was the intolerablesweatingconditionsassociatedwith theemployment of women and children in the earlier part of the nineteenthcenturywhich first led to the appointment of inspectorsin an attempt to cope with the evil. The history of factory inspection is interesting. Although a 'Factory Act was passedin England in 1802,it was not until 1833 that Government inspectors were appointed. The officials holding their appointments under successive acts were graduallyincreasedin numberand variousmethods of administrationwere tried. The establishmentof the Medical Branch of the Home Office (Factories) representsthe first step in the evolution of modern industrial hygiene. Control under local authorities was not found to be nearly as effective as that of a central body. Subsequently similar measures were adopted on the Continent and in America. The whole question, however, has undergone a processof evolution. It has been recognized in increasingmeasurethat legislative enactmentsare necessaryfor the protection of the worker against the hazardsto health and safety occasionedby his work. The medicalhygienistsees infactory inspection only an additional weapon to be used in the serviceof preventivemedicine,the goddesswhom he serves. The employer is perhapsa worshipper of Mammon and regardsit as. a meansof increasing his output. The worker may be a worshipper of self and be happily content with the more comfortable conditions. The legislator 'perchance cares alone for the plaudits of the roo: populi and recognizes a good votecatching expedient. In spite of thesevarying points of view, however,it is andmust remain an indisputable fact that protection of health is the chief and dominant aim of factory inspection. That the question is regardedas one of fundamental importancemay be gatheredfrom the fact that it occupied the whole attention of the Fifth InternationalLabour Conferenceheld at Genevain October,1923, in accordancewith the provisionsof the Treaty of Versailles. An account of the proceedingsof the Conferencehas been published in the International Labour Review, an authoritative publication issuedunderthe auspicesof the League of Nations. Factoryinspectionhasbeen considered at successiveconferencesandan effort is being made to establishan internationalcode which will cover "very important matters in the sphereof labour conditions." It is hoped that by thesemeansconditions which involve "injustice, hardship and privation" to large numbers of people will be ameliorated, for these undoubtedly imperil the peaceand harmony of the world. Although the subject was considered.along these broad lines, many of the points discussedareof extremeinterest to studentsof industrial hygiene.


Pineapple production is superior in the Ngancar area of Kediri and has the potential to be marketed in the form of fresh or processed pineapple in Indonesia and internationally. The nutritional value of pineapple is vitamins A, B, C, D, fiber, potassium, magnesium, iron, calcium, and protein. Marketing is the business of running a business to meet market needs with goods or services, setting prices, distributing them, and promoting them through an exchange process. The purpose of the activity is to increase a sense of optimism in entrepreneurship, build an honest and trustworthy attitude, have a business spirit and be tenacious in developing market networks. The implementation method is conveying material about the marketing strategy of pineapple-based and processed products, followed by a discussion of questions and answers on current problems. The results of the mentoring obtained are the development of self-ability in building market networks, business opportunities for various products and the importance of online and offline marketing strategies, establishing market partnerships and then developing business incubation houses, resulting in a business ecosystem model with professional human resources and good management, sustainable to be used as a tranmark on a national scale.


This article examines the relationship between expectations of future profits and companies' physical investment. Theory suggests that increased profit expectations should raise share prices as well as investment. But this correlation between investment and share prices may be rather weak if investors' opinions of companies' prospects differ from those of the companies' managers. Using a simple aggregate investment equation, the article illustrates that measures of profit expectations based on current profits and analysts' earnings forecasts appear to be more informative for investment than stock prices themselves. This result is consistent with recent research at the Bank using company data.


To quickly get the all plastic injection parts, this article took advantage of the Mold flow Software to do a numerical simulation of all type plastic pump's injection molding process ,determined the best gate location, designed the injection molding L9(33) orthogonal test table, chose mold temperature, melt temperature, injection pressure as the factors, conformed the shrink mark index, volume shrinkage ratio, maximum warping deformation and cavity residual stress for the parts's quality evaluation index, the orthogonal experiment was completed, and formulated the comprehensive quality evaluation indicators parts, utilized the modified simplex method to optimize transform function optimization into injection molding CAE optimization process, the injection molding process was optimized, which could obtain the injection molding optimum process parameters shown as follows: The mold temperature was 28.49°C, The melt temperature was 212.4°C,The injection pressure was 80.09MPa. The parts' comprehensive quality was that the shrink mark index was 0.0191%, volume shrinkage rate was 16.33%, maximum warping deformation was 1.516mm, and main direction's cavity residual stress value was 31.65MPa. It could obtain the wholly plastic pump by injection molding according to the optimum process parameters, and the parts met the requirement.


This paper demonstrates the first stacked-FET monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) power amplifier cell operating at 280 GHz. Three different circuits were fabricated using 50 nm gate length metamorphic high electron mobility transistors (mHEMT) in combination with grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) lines with 14 μm ground-to-ground spacing. First, cascode and stacked-FET configurations at 240 GHz are compared. The stacked configuration exhibits a more broadband small-signal gain response and a 1.3 dB enhancement of output power compared to the cascode cell. Subsequently, a power amplifier cell for operation at 280 GHz was designed and realized. The stacked-FET configuration is chosen due to its superior performance. The 280 GHz power cell demonstrates more than 8.3 dB of small-signal gain from 267 to 302 GHz (12.3%), with a maximum gain of 9.6 dB at 282 GHz, and an output-referred 2 dB compression point of 3.5 dBm.


The objective of this study was to define the long‐term prognostic significance of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) levels in patients with higher risk, early‐stage prostate carcinoma.


Cse,Care School Of Engineering, firstname.lastname@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: Secure distance-based localization in the presence of cheating beacon (or anchor) nodes is an important problem in mobile wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. Despite significant research efforts in this direction, some fundamental questions still remain unaddressed: In the presence of cheating beacon nodes, what are the necessary and sufficient conditions to guarantee a bounded error during a two necessary and sufficient conditions, what class o attempt to answer these and other related questions by following a careful analytical approach. Specifically, we first show that when the number of cheating beacon nodes is greater t dimensional distance-based localization algorithms that can guarantee a bounded error. cheating beacons is below this threshold, we identify a class of distance guarantee a bounded localization error.


Data center networks are high-bandwidth, low-latency networks with clear-defined topology and busy internal data exchange traffic. TCP is widely used in data centers to transport data, however its default behavior during the flow initialization phase may be unsuitable for data center networks and affect the responsiveness of data transmission, especially when the flow is short. Considering that data center flows happen frequently but only between limited number of data center servers connected by a rather stable physical topology, in this paper we propose to use the RTT records from previous transmissions to help TCP calculate more suitable initialization parameters when a new flow starts, so as to avoid unnecessary lengthy timeouts that has heavy consequences on the overall performance, especially on short flows. Experiments show that our algorithms can indeed eliminate the long timeouts caused by early packet losses, and improve the responsiveness and stability of data transmission in a data center networking environment.


Chemically modified polyrotaxanes by methylation are water-soluble and show high-temperature gelation in water. To elucidate the molecular mechanism, we developed a theoretical model incorporating the following contributions: hydration–dehydration of cyclic molecules, formation of one-dimensional aggregates composed of a various number of cyclic molecules along the polymer chain, and formation of junction structures by associating between the aggregates. We numerically calculated the sol–gel transition line, the average aggregate length, the average junction multiplicity, the heat capacity change of the solution, the hydration ratio of cyclic molecules, and the translational entropy of cyclic molecules along the chain. We compared our results with the previously reported experimental data, and we discussed the molecular mechanism of the high-temperature gelation and the formation of the junction structures based on the sliding feature of cyclic molecules.


This paper examines the production technology and managerial efficiency of the performing arts sector in Germany using data on 79 theatres over a 32-year period. We examine how different organisational structures affect the efficiency of public theatres and find that theatres organised under public law are more efficient than theatres organised under private law. Using a difference-in-differences approach we examine the impact on efficiency of the exogenous demand shock experienced by theatres located near the East German border after reunification in 1990. We show that theatres organised under private law react positively to this competition shock as measured by their technical efficiency scores confirming that they respond better to market forces than theatres organised under public law.


It is very important to exploit all means, studies and scientific research in upgrading these competitive sports activities, and biomechanical science has made great contributions to this development, as it has played a crucial role in improving performance, so trainers must follow the scientific bases that achieve the goal of skill, and to be the stage of advancement of the important stages on which the rest of the stages are built. The importance of research was demonstrated in subjecting this stage to study and analysis and the different effects it has on the variables of biomechanical performance and movement. The study aimed to identify the relationship between the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the base of the fulcrum in the stage of advancement and some biomechanical variables when performing the highest spike of two centers (2,4).


Lab,plays an important part in teaching and research activities in vocational college,the essential place to develop the hands-on abilities for college students.The construction and management level not directly related to the quality of talent training but the core symbol of teaching level,technology and management level.Enhancing this construction and management is the main elements for vocational inside building,improving their thought and mind,innovating management model,improving team construction and strengthening management system has became the key part in the lab construction and management in vocational college.


The criteria for selecting optical amplifiers and WDM as the technology platform to meet the needs of capacity upgrade and service growth in the midst of increasing uncertain demand are presented; potential advantages deriving from such strategy are discussed.


Abstract The complex formation of hexamethylenetetratellurafulvalene (HMTTeF) with 28 kinds of organic electron acceptors yielded 31 charge transfer (CT) complexes. The infrared and ultra-violet–visible–near-infrared spectra of the complexes were examined to study the ionicity of their ground states in solid. A plot of CT transition energies and the difference of redox potentials; ΔE(DA) of donor (D) and acceptor (A) molecules indicated that four complexes have a neutral ground state. Four other complexes exhibit characteristic features of a fully ionic ground state based on the vibrational spectra. Notably, the HCBD, F4TCNQ and DDQ complexes indicate both a relatively low first CT band and high conductivity in a solid in spite of the fully ionic character being very plausible. Twenty-three complexes having a partially ionic ground state have a CT band below 4×10 cm−1 and are highly conductive. The preparation of good single crystals of the HMTTeF complexes for structural analysis was only successful with Et2TCNQ and BTDA-TCNQ, which have the structure of DA alternately stacking. These two complexes indicate high conductivities in spite of their disadvantageous packing manner. The intermolecular interactions are found to be strongly enhanced by both the bulky molecular orbital of HMTTeF and the decreased on-site Coulomb repulsion in the HMTTeF complexes. These two factors in particular seem to prevent both the fully ionic and the DA alternating HMTTeF complexes from becoming insulators, even though the redox parameters and the crystal structures predict them to be insulating.


Abstract Croton is the largest genus of Crotonoideae Burmeist. (ca. 1200 species), with approximately 300 species distributed in all the phytogeographic domains in Brazil. The Chapada of Araripe Environmental Protection Area (CA-EPA) is one of the largest protected areas in northeastern Brazil and comprises many different types of vegetation. Considering the expressive representation of Croton in that northeastern region and its morphological complexity, we carried out a taxonomic study of the species occurring in the CA-EPA. The analysis of collections deposited in regional herbaria, together with field observations, revealed 18 Croton species, five of which had never been cited as occurring in the study area; seven of those taxa are endemic to the Brazilian semiarid region. Croton species were recorded in all of the vegetation types in the CA-EPA, especially in the "carrasco" and "caatinga" vegetation. The plants habits, the shapes of their stipules, extrafloral nectaries, indumenta, and staminate and pistillate sepals were important characteristics for their differentiation.


This paper investigates the relationship between in siders ownership concentration and firms cost of borrowing. Building on asset substitution a nd market for corporate control theories, we predic t and show empirical evidence of a non-monotonic rela tionship, with cost of bank loans increasing and then decreasing with the level of ownership concent ration. Leverage and anti-takeover provisions are found to moderate the relationship in a coherent fa shion with the proposed theoretical arguments. Finally, we show that – while more costly – financi al covenants are more effective than performance pricing clauses in reducing the sensitivity of loan prices to the ownership structure of the borrower. JEL classification: G21, G30, G32 EFM classification: 110, 150, 210


Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of mifepristone and gestrinone in consolidation therapy after operation of pelvic endometriosis.Methods:68 cases undergoing conservative surgery and diagnosed as pelvic endometriosis by pathological examination from June 2008 to June 2009 were divided into 2 groups randomly: 34 cases in mifepristone group took mifepristone,2.5 mg per day;34 cases in gestrinone group took gestrinone,12.5 mg each time,twice a week.The treatment started after one week and continued for 6 months,follow-up was carried out regularly.Results:The rates of dysmenorrhea and other painful symptoms in the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment(P0.05),follow-up results showed that complete remission rates in mifepristone group and gestrinone group were 85.2% and 88.2%,respectively,the relapse rates in mifepristone group and gestrinone group were 5.9% and 2.9%,respectively,there was no significant difference(P 0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in mifepristone group was significantly lower than that in gestrinone group.Conclusion:Application of mifepristone and gestrinone in consolidation therapy after operation of pelvic endometriosis is safe and effective,without severe adverse reactions.


The finite difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used to simulate the
 light absorption enhancement in a plasmonic metal-semiconductor-metal
 photodetector (MSM-PD) structure employing a metal nanograting with
 phase shifts. The metal fingers of the MSM-PDs are etched at
 appropriate depths to maximize light absorption through plasmonic
 effects into a subwavelength aperture. We also analyse the
 nano-grating phase shift and groove profiles obtained typically in our
 experiments using focused ion beam milling and atomic force microscopy
 and discuss the dependency of light absorption enhancement on the
 nano-gratings phase shift and groove profiles inscribed into MSM-PDs.
 Our simulation results show that the nano-grating phase shift
 blue-shifts the wavelength at which the light absorption enhancement is
 maximum, and that the combined effects of the nano-grating groove
 shape and phase shift degrade the light absorption enhancement by up
 to 50%.


This paper describes an image description method in VRML, using a device for 3D image acquisition. The information obtained from the capture of each object face is organized, and a description of the scanned object is made in the VRML format. This paper presents a study of the minimum number of captures that is necessary to obtain a complete description of the object. The paper shows the problems of face coherence, superposition of points and occluded faces, and it discusses the solutions for these problems.


The crystallization process of Ge films by a continuous wave (CW) and a pulsed laser is very effective for producing smooth, homogeneous, and crack-free polycrystalline films to use in transistors, photodetectors, and photovoltaic applications. However, little progress has been made to directly crystallize Ge films based on micro/nanoparticles (NPs) using the laser sintering (LS) process. In this paper, a simultaneous LS and crystallization process of Ge micro/NPs to develop thick polycrystalline films on silicon substrates is demonstrated. Silicon substrates with a SiO2 insulating layer on top were considered for compatibility with complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The LS process was applied to solution deposited micro/NPs, 5 µm thick Ge films using both CW mode (infrared laser of wavelength 1070 nm) and pulse mode (UV laser of wavelength 355 nm) laser. After the LS process, around 2–2.5 µm thick film of polycrystalline Ge (pc-Ge) was achieved with optical and electrical properties comparable to traditionally developed chemical vapor deposited films. The crystallinity of the pc-Ge films was evaluated by Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The laser-sintered films exhibited a Raman peak at 300 cm−1 and XRD 2θ peak at 27.35, which indicated the poly-crystalline structure. The fabricated film showed high hole mobility of 203 cm2 V−1 s−1, without any doping and film electrical resistivity value of 6.24 × 105 Ω-cm. The developed LS process allows the quick deposition of polycrystalline thick films, removing surface porosity and voids, increasing films adhesion with the substrate, and faster thermal annealing.


Rougher surface texture on stone mastic asphalt (SMA) provides higher skid resistance, but mostly produces louder frictional noise. The objective of this paper was to design the surface texture which contributed to a lower noise and satisfactory skid resistance. Lab-mixed slabs with four aggregate gradations were compacted and cut into small test blocks, which were polished to obtain different texture levels. Frictional noise level (FNL) and British pendulum number (BPN) on unpolished slabs and polished blocks were simultaneously measured, and 3D surface textures were scanned. The relationships between surface texture and noise levels/skid resistance were analyzed. An optimal surface texture was established. The results showed that, a lower FNL and satisfactory BPN were achieved by designing surface texture, which was captured by the proposed cumulative curve of texture depth and were characterized by its parameter CR2 (cumulative ratio at 2mm of texture depth). BPNs decreased linearly with the increasing of CR2 and a minimal FNL was observed when CR2 value was between 73 and 77. These helped to build a quiet and safe SMA pavement. INTRODUCTION A safe, quiet and durable highway (SQDH) is one of the dreams civil engineers all over the world persistently pursued. Until now, this goal has not been achieved yet (Bernhard, 2005; Praticò & Anfosso-Lédée, 2012; Rymer, Donavan, & Kohler, 2010). A safe highway usually requires a rough surface texture which typically produces loud frictional noise. Also, too rough surface texture causes terrible discomfort and increases considerable fuel consumption (Wayson, 1998). Both skid resistance and noise level strongly depends on the characteristics of surface texture. Therefore, the design of surface texture is essential to balance them. But the method about designing aggregate gradation to obtain the desired surface texture is not clear (Kowalski, 2007). A smooth surface usually contributes to a lower noise. Increased macrotexture with wavelengths of 2mm to 10mm decreases noise level caused by tire/pavement interaction (Sandberg & Ejsmont, 2002), but it is not the case for the other texture wavelength. For instance, noise level at 500Hz increases as the increasing of mean texture depth (MTD) of surface texture (Liao et al., 2014). All these researches provide the possibility that a lower noise level can be achieved with a specific surface texture. Current methods separately measure skid resistance and noise level on different surfaces other than on the exactly same surface textures (Staiano, 2015). Skid resistance is usually measured by the BPT on a small test area of a sample/pavement while near-field noise is collected by two sound probes along a wheel path of pavement (AASHTO, 2012; ASTM, 2013). This makes obstacles to reveal the correlation of skid resistance and noise level, and to establish a specific surface texture to balance them. Surface texture is usually characterized by mean texture depth (MTD) or mean profile depth (MPD). The relationships between MTD or MPD and noise level/skid resistance have been established (Ostadi & Howard, 2015; Serigos, Smit, & Prozzi, 2014). But MTD and MPD cannot fully capture the surface texture since they are only one-dimension measures of surface textures. In this research, lab-mixed slabs and test blocks were prepared. Simultaneous measurement method of BPN and FNL and cumulative curve of texture depth were proposed. The relationships between surface texture and BPN/FNL were analyzed. An optimal surface texture which led to a lower noise and satisfactory skid resistance was established.


This paper is concerned with the problems of quantized H∞ control for networked control systems with random communication delays. The quantizer considered here is logarithmic type. A quantized state-feedback controller is designed, such that the closed-loop system is exponentially mean-square stable in the sense of mean square and achieves an optimal H∞ disturbance attenuation level. Sufficient conditions for exponentially mean-square stable of closed-loop system is given in terms of linear matrix inequalities. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


The Balcony Scene in Romeo and Juliet, one of the most famous scenes in all dramatic literature, might be expected to have been fully analysed and annotated by the play's numerous editors. Yet there is a striking loose end that has never received the attention it deserves for which this article proposes an editorial solution.


This paper briefly presents outer rotor wound field flux switching machine having seven different numbers of rotor poles and design FEFSM as minimum cost for hybrid electric vehicle (HEV's) drives. Flux sources (Field Excitation Coil and Armature Winding or Permanent Magnet) are confined to stator, leaving rotor completely passive which is suitable for high speed application. The main section elaborates an important overview of load and no load analyses for in wheel electric vehicles applications. Feasibility design studies on outer rotor FEFSM based on 2D-FEA will be analyzed using three-phase behavior of proposed machine. Various profiles studies like cogging torque, average torque vs. current density, and instantaneous torque is also discussed.


In the annals of the state, China is the most trusted friend of Pakistan. It has been a dependable partner in Pakistan's military compulsions, economic progress and ever-changing regional security scenario.  The unprecedented relationship touched its height during the Indo-Pakistan war in 1965. Chinese friends openly condemned Indian aggression as well as exerted pressure to force the belligerent state for a ceasefire. China issued an ultimatum to India to abandon the usage of Sino-India border as a vantage point for military installation within three days or face the grave consequences arising thereon. The ultimatum led to a decisive follow up. On the other hand, instead of extending indispensable help to a strategic partner of the Cold War pacts like SEATO and CENTO, America imposed arms embargo on Pakistan in a bid to give free hand to India. Nevertheless, the Indo-Pakistan war 1965 ended owing to the diplomatic engagements of the United Nations in the end. The neighboring friend was of the opinion that the short-term war was not in favor of Pakistan. China had some reservations vis-a-vis the Soviet sponsored declaration and termed it as the action by the Security Council which insisted on immediate cease fire. China provided crucial support to Pakistan during Indo-Pakistan war 1971 as well. Although China's support to Pakistan was not as warm as in 1965 yet it acted prudently. China supported Pakistan as much as it was possible to do so. The support was friendly but cautious. The major factor preventing its direct involvement in the war was the existence of Indo-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and the US-Soviet-Indian collusion against China. However it helped Pakistan in the recovery of weapon losses in the 1965 Indo-Pakistan war. Again, after the war of 1971, China facilitated Pakistan diplomatically, financially and militarily to overcome the damages of the war. Keywords: Trusted friend, Regional security scenario, Indo-Pakistan War 1965 and 1971


This abstract is about my MSc dissertation; a literature review on problems with surgical equipment in LMICs. It draws a comparison to the problems with HIV medication provision and demonstrates how the same approach to tackling that problem can be used effectively to improve surgical equipment provision.


Abstract : Load spectra for the Australian fleet of Orion P-3C aircraft are presented and compared with the ESDU 69023 (discrete gust) and the US MILSPEC A- 8861A (power spectral) model, which are here called the baseline models. The turbulence experienced when flying over the sea is about one half of that predicted by the baseline models. The sea appears to reduce the turbulence by a greater amount, and to higher altitudes than indicated by the over Australia, are about five times as severe as predicted by the baseline models. This supports other observations of a higher than normal incidence of the altitude turbulence (25,000 ft and above) over Australia. (JES)


Due to the recent intensification of work hour regulation by Japanese employers, a large number of engineers in research and development are increasingly unable to put in satisfactory amount of time in work, and the incidences of experiencing non-accomplishment in work are growing. This study investigates whether and how the overtime reduction affects engineers' sense of fulfillment in work and personal life, and examines how they influence engineers' depression and perceived health. Results show that overtime reduction has both positive and negative sides, and while on one hand it enhances the time adequacy for engineers' private life, on the other hand it significantly reduces their sense of fulfillment in work. Furthermore, unbalance such as "non-achievement in work" and "fulfillment in private life" is likely to deteriorate their psychological well-being. Findings suggest that in order to realize engineers' work-life balance it is not sufficient to just enhance the time in private life, but it is also necessary to ensure simultaneously a sufficient time in work.


The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of organizational commitment and competence of the auditors on the performance of auditors Regional Inspectorate Office of Lampung Province. Based on the analysis results, indicate that organizational commitment and competence of auditors have an influence on the performance of auditors. Based on the analysis results, the authors recommend the need to increase the love of organizations comply with regulations such as leadership, doing work optimally for the organization, and willing to sacrifice for the sake of the organization, even in a very urgent situation auditor must always exist for increased auditor competence organisasi.Perlu especially in works. Experience and knowledge of the auditor shall be increased by way of response to the environment of auditors and senior auditors others outside the organization. And seminars related to the auditors work in order to increase knowledge and experience for the auditor. Because competent auditor is needed in the most important is organisasi.Yang should improve the performance of auditors in the audit teams work in the form of value the opinion of a teammate, not to be selfish, to be responsible, honest, obedient to the organizations rules, and loyal to the organization . Head of the Office of Lampung Province Inspectorate through Kasub. Personnel should be more assertive attention to the performance of the auditor and the auditor should follow the trainings and seminars to increase knowledge and experience related to the auditors work.


The authors of this paper examine the extent of the application of environmental analysis during the planning process in South African businesses. Overseas, and in the United States in particular, sophisticated techniques for analysing the environment are being developed, and these would appear to have a ready market in the South African environment. Should South African business face relatively turbulent times in the near future, there will be a need for companies to develop effective means of analysing changing trends, and of integrating their findings into the strategic planning process. Two separate research surveys were conducted, one of 150 listed companies and a second of 15 major South African companies. While most journals and texts would see the environmental analysis as an integral part of the planning process, the majority of companies did not agree with this view.


One of the most important parameters in fisheries management is the age at maturity in order to estimate, for example, spawning biomass or to determine minimum size at capture to allow for reproduction. To calculate a maturity curve in fish females using the macroscopic features of the ovary is easy during most of the annual reproductive cycle (Morrison, 1990), but is very difficult after spawning and before the vitellogenic stage, at the onset of ripening. This occurs in the fisheries research surveys carried out in late spring-summer where the problem of identification of ripening females is considerable. Zamarro etal. (1993) designed a method to classify ovaries into maturity stages with histological techniques, using oocytes in cortical alveoli (CA) and postovulatory follicles (POF) to identify primiparous and multiparous females since the earlier stages of maturity. In this paper we use POF to identify females which spawned in 1994 and cortical alveoli oocytes to identify females which will spawn in the next reproductive season. This data is used to obtain a maturity curve to be compared with those of previous years.


A novel electromagnetic-bandgap(EBG) structure of fork-like shape is analysed and designed in this paper.Compared with the conventional mushroom-like EBG structure,the area of the novel EBG structure is reduced by about 40% of the latter.Without changing the period size,the frequency bandgap is varied when the length of the stretching strip is adjusted.Measurement result shows that this novel EBG structure has good stopband characteristic in a wide band.It is used in the microwave integrated circuits to achieve size reduction and rejection of ripples in stopband.


This research proposal is centered on supply management and quality of ICT projects in Rwanda Development Board, which is very paramount in fast tracking economic development which is the mandate of RDB. The main purpose of this research was to identify the challenges that affect the quality of ICT projects in RDB. A research on analysis of supply management on quality of ICT projects in Rwanda Development Board was conducted to analyze the challenges that affect quality of ICT projects in RDB. The field survey included RDB employees involved in management of ICT projects. During the research the most common challenges was identified. The survey covered a population of 255 employees from all RDB eight departments and ten divisions. A sample of 158 employees coming from these departments and divisions has been identified using the purposive, random sampling and census methods. The questionnaire is designed in two parts with part I designed for demographic characteristics of the respondents and part II of the research questions including the nature and supply management needs and challenges, categories of ICT projects in RDB, frequency of occurrence of supply management challenges and dimensions of quality of these ICT projects with their corresponding weight. The designed questionnaires were distributed and collected from all the targeted respondents whereby they would share their views regarding the analysis of supply management and quality of ICT project in RDB. That information was analyzed and the researcher came up with clear findings, recommendation and conclusion of the research. RDB project managers should always observe quality dimension of timeliness as it is among the core elements in supply management. Late deliveries might be caused by poor contract management, late order placement or some other facts that cannot be controlled by any party in agreement like port or custom procedures. However, the supply management team should ensure that all is done in time to avoid inconvenience that might be caused by the late deliveries. Projects should be finished within specified time to avoid related costs and to achieve intended goals and objectives. Overall, some challenges have been observed; this includes the delivery time which is in not respected, cost and input quality challenges are also among key players against RDB ICT projects. Majority of RDB employees showed that there are different categories of ICT projects except some small percentage that is not aware of categories of ICT projects in RDB. Most of respondents have confirmed that there are different quality dimension in regards with ICT projects in RDB except the timeliness which is not respected in this matter.


J.L., a medical doctor, was indicted and arrested in Gwinnett County after a patient claimed that the Doctor locked her in a waiting room after she was unable to pay her bill.  This was a highly publicized case grabbing national attention.  After several...


Open kinematic chain mechanisms consisting of a sequence of rigid or elastic links joined together by single-degree-of-freedom joints that may, depending on the model in question, undergo elastic deformation are considered. It is assumed that there is a base of any kinematic chain under investigation as well as tip to which a tool or end effector is attached. Several problems in planning motions for these kinematically redundant mechanisms are described. The goal is to exploit redundant degrees of freedom to minimize the dynamic effects of joint elasticity. It is shown that in order for a prescribed end effector trajectory to store no elastic energy, certain differential-algebraic equations must be satisfied. For a specific example, it is shown that fifth-order splines can be used to prescribe admissible work space paths which interpolate an arbitrary finite set of points. Simulations have also indicated that admissible fifth-order paths for the end effector that approximate a straight line segment arbitrarily closely can be found.<<ETX>>


Background Acetabular fractures are a common cause of degenerative hip arthritis. The incidence of post-traumatic osteoarthritis has been reported between 12% and 57% and avascular necrosis of the femoral head may occur in 2% to 40% after posterior fracture dislocation. The fracture is often caused by major trauma in road accidents, at work or during sports, and patients usually present for total hip replacement (THR) at an earlier age than the general arthritic population. We describe and analyze our patients with uncemented acetabular reconstruction in post-traumatic arthritis and compare them with THR in non-traumatic arthritis. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 19 patients who underwent uncemented acetabular reconstruction due to post-traumatic arthritis secondary to acetabular fracture. Results The average age at the time of arthroplasty was 52.2 years (19-83). The age at the time of fracture was 47.9 years (16-81). The average time between the acetabular fracture and THR was 52.4 months (4-360). The average follow-up was 4.25 years. No acetabular component loosening or infections were seen in either group. The Harris Hip Score at an average follow-up of 4.25 years was 89.3 (57-99). The follow-up in the control group with non-traumatic arthritis was 4.9 years, and the Harris Hip Score was 94.1 points (78-100). There were no significant difference in the Harris Hip Score between groups (p = 0.24). Conclusion Uncemented acetabular reconstruction in post-traumatic arthritis secondary to acetabular fracture is a more difficult procedure than routine arthroplasty in patient with non-traumatic arthritis. In the short-term there are no clinical or radiographic differences in THR with uncemented acetabular cups in post-traumatic arthritis patients compared to patients with non-traumatic arthritis.


In this paper, we propose several novel fast converging mobility control protocols to achieve optimal deployment for streaming data flows in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). We also identify a unique sink privacy issue in mobility control protocols and propose a new privacy-preserving scheme which can be integrated into mobility control protocols to protect the sink. The simulation and performance analysis show that the proposed privacy-preserving mobility control protocols, with the sink node well-protected, can reach near-optimal results in terms of convergence speed, energy consumption and the communication cost.


The screw compressor is a positive displacement machine, with two rotors - driver and driven. In this paper, the influence of minimum gap, between the rotors of an oil injection screw compressor, on the efficiency was investigated. Two cases were analysed, in which the minimum gap ranged from 40 to 60μm, respectively 20 to 40μm. The geometrical model, the physical properties and the initial values represent the input data for the used thermodynamic model. Starting from the 3D CAD model, the computational domain for the stator part was defined, which is composed of three subdomains: suction side, oil inlet and pressure side. The grids for the stator were generated with Ansys Meshing, whereas the meshes for the rotor subdomains were made using the TwinMesh software. In the end, smoothing functions were used to increase the mesh quality. To simulate the flow through the screw compressor, the commercial software of CFD ANSYS CFX was used, employing the SST turbulence model. In the analysis the rotational speed was 6000rpm, with a suction pressure of 2bar and a discharge of 10bar. Using the "opening" type limit conditions with the required pressure, both the air flow variation and the oil flow variation were determined.


Objective To compare the differences of HIV-related risk behaviors and demographic characteristics among sex workers who were injecting drug users,female drug users who never engaged in sex exchange and low-grade sex workers,so as to provide a scientific basis for the development of effective interventions.Method Sichuan Province integrated AIDS monitoring data from 2003 to 2005 were collected and studied,and sex workers who injected drug were the main research objects.CSW or IDU were surveyed by questionnaire.Result By comparing,female drug users who exchanged sex for drugs or money were more dangerous on injecting drug use and sex behavior.From 2003-2005,37.0%-47.1% of femal IDU had commercial sex behavior and their condom use rate was 15%-20% lower than that of low-grade CSW,and there were significant differences(P0.05).Conclusion HIV high-behaviors in the females who have a double identity on injecting drug and exchanging sex are more universal.Effective behavior intervention for these people will become an important mission on the areas where drug abuse are serious.


S u m m a r y : The results o f laboratory measurements on square perspex models with a stress concentrator under uniaxial compression are presented. An attempt was made to interpret these results in order to determine the mutual relations between the mechanical parameters characterizing the treated models, including their focal zones, parameters o f model loading, parameters o f seismogenie displacement and parameters o f radiated elastic pulses. Particular attention was given to the study o f slip displacement, slip velocity, rupture velocity, nucleation points o f rupture propagation, nucleation points o f elastic radiation and to the frequency analysis o f radiated pulses. Measurements o f the displacement in the focal zone enabled us to determine the source function, to construct theoretical seismograms in a far field and to compare them with the real pulses from ultrasonic transducers located there. This allowed testing theoretical and experimental approaches to the study o f how slip displacement, slip velocity and rupture velocity are related to the parameters o f radiated pulses.


The purpose of this study was to develop an Earth System-Earth Resources integrated Instructional Module (ESERIM) and examine the effects of the ESERIM on 11th graders' science learning. Instruments included the Earth System-Earth Resources Test (ESERT), Attitudes Toward Environment Inventory (ATEI), and the Earth System-Earth Resources Questionnaire (ESERQ) including two subscales: Perceptions toward Instructional Module (PIM) and Perceptions toward Environment (PE). A one group pretest-posttest experimental design was used. Participants included 119 11th grade students enrolled in an optional earth-science course at a national senior high school located in the eastern region of Taiwan. The results revealed that (1) the ESERIM significantly improved student achievement on the ESERT; (2) the achievement on the ESERT tended to be influenced by students' gender, SES, and their favorite subjects; (3) there was a decreased in the attitudes of students after instruction, as measured by the ATEI, with the scores possibly affected by students' gender; (4) there were significantly moderate correlations between students' attitudes toward environment and their perceptions toward the ESERIM; (5) positive responses of students, such as "I learned how to approach the issues of environmental pollution from different perspectives" and "I was aware of the dilemma between economic development and environmental preservation", were strongly aligned with the design and objectives of the ESERIM; and (6) a few students' attitudes toward the ESERIM demonstrated a degree of frustration, such as partially repetition of the "Interviewing Gas Station" activity. These findings suggest that implementing the Earth System theme has the potential to serve as a model for future development of integrated curriculum and instruction.


The paper shows the essence of CFD modeling in sanitary and environmental engineering. Paper includes practical example of assessment of CSO chamber, by using ANSYS Fluent software. This paper also explains the principles, upon which the ANSYS FLUENT software works. Then explains the methodology in creating the model, which is composed of: creating 3D geometry, creating computer mesh, entering of boundary conditions, defining input parameters and finally the actual simulations. In this paper there are also explained methods of modeling, which we use for solving the simulations at the Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering.


Objective:To investigate the opphcation effect of the high quality nursing service in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy at different stages.Methods:According to the high quality nursing service demand,survey on patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma during radiotherapy at admission,radiation period and discharge,implement of patient-oriented humanistic quality of nursing service.Results:The patient′s satisfaction for nursing work improved significantly,the work responsibility of nurses strengthening obviously,the quality of service improve and the nurse-patient relationship harmonious.Conclusion:According to different stages of nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated by radiotherapy for quality nursing care needs and characteristics,the implementation of the whole system nursing,could improve nursing quality,reduce the adverse reaction of radiotherapy treatment,ensure treatment finish smoothly,improve life quality and enhance patient satisfaction.


This paper describes a Reusable Software Library (RSL) interface and search tool implemented using Mosaic. Mosaic provides a simple, easy-to-use method to nd and extract reusable assets from a RSL, allows distributed access to assets from a variety of platforms, and can support most of the features of formal RSLs without any modiications. Through the use of Hyper-Text Markup Language (HTML) forms, we implemented functions normally found in commercial-grade RSLs, such as component search, user registration, and problem reporting. Automatic generation of HTML pages and the use of command scripts further allowed us to provide diierent views of the RSL, such as search by subject. Finally, integrating the RSL with Wide Area Information Search (WAIS) provided a keyword search with minimal eeort. Our Mosaic RSL cost less than 1% of the cost to develop a standard RSL and has quickly gained favor due to its intuitive interface and simple yet powerful information retrieval tools.


The data transferring on health-care network has a sensitive data such as personal medical information, genome, and so on. So it is very important to make secure network, and there are potential targets to infect when the next vulnerability announces. And hacking or worm virus uses several vulnerability to drain important information. Also it attacks security program for personal computer such as vaccine, personal firewall, etc. Recently network fault is often happened by worm virus, and then the major reason is anomaly traffic flowed from inside host rather than attack from outside. In this paper, we try to design and implement automatic system which can trace the location for the infected system using monitoring load of network node and detecting signs of anomaly traffic.


The reliability level of a generation system is an important problem which concerns both electricity producers and electricity consumers. Why? We know the high reliability level may result in additional utility cost, and the low reliability level may result in additional consumers cost, so the optimum reliability level should be determined such that the total cost can reach its minimum.


The frequency of an isolated microgrid (MG) varies with the loading condition based on the droop characteristics of diesel generator (DG) set. Although droop controllers are used to increase or decrease generation to match the loads and to reduce frequency variations, it takes more time as mechanical time constant is more than electrical time constant. The frequency variations cause system instability due to improper active and reactive power flow and degrade the power quality of the system. DG set side power quality problems exist in presence of nonlinear loads. This paper aims to make the system frequency adaptive in islanded condition as well as to mitigate the power quality problems in presence of nonlinear loads and, also, during single phase loads. In this work, a mixed second and third order generalized integrator with frequency locked loop (MSTOGI-FLL) cascaded with reduced order generalized integrator (ROGI) based control is used to eliminate the harmonics and DC offset from the DG voltages and currents, and to make the system frequency adaptive. The standalone system comprises of a single stage solar photovoltaic (SPV) array, a synchronous reluctance generator (SyRG) based DG set and, a battery energy storage (BES) interfaced with a bidirectional converter (BDC). SPV is operated by perturb and observe (P&O) MPPT. The DG set is operated in its fuel economic zone (FEZ). The system performance is analyzed under several dynamic conditions using developed simulink model.


The photocatalytic decolorization of reactive brilliant red K-2BP wastewater by silver loaded nano TiO_2 powders is studied in this paper. Factors exerting influence on decolorizing efficiency are discussed, such as photocatalytic radiation time, dye concentration, and original pH value of dye solution as well. It is said that brilliant red K-2BP is degradable treated with sil- ver loaded nano TiO_2 particles, decolorizing efficiency is high under low dye concentration, pH value has the maximum effect on photocatalytic decolorization.


Abstract : Objective techniques were utilized for determining the streamfunction for the non-divergent part of a two-dimensional vector field, specifically the surface currents as observed in the Eastern Gulf of Mexico during Cruise 66-A-8 of the Texas A+M University research vessel ALAMINOS in the period 5-22 June 1966. Geomagneticelectrokinetograph data gathered during this cruise were utilized to obtain a two-dimensional vector field with values of the surface current velocity displayed at discrete points on a regularly spaced grid. These values of surface current velocity were employed to estimate the vorticity field from which the streamfunction was estimated at fixed grid points by numerically integrating a form of Poisson's equation with appropriate boundary conditions. Several types of boundary conditions were applied to the boundaries of the region in order to determine that condition which would result in the greatest consistency with the observed GEK vector field. (Author)


Electrically conductive porous ceramics have gained a recent surge of interests in development of high-performance electrocatalysts. This paper mainly describes the electrochemical activation of conductive porous alumina (CPA) by depositing nickel nanoparticles as an electrocatalyst. The surface of the porous alumina was initially pretreated with mixed acids, followed by depositing nickel particles using an electroless method. Field-emission scanning electron microscope observation and energy diffraction X-ray spectroscopy analysis verified that Ni nanoparticles were successfully deposited onto surface of the CPA. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry analyses showed that the CPA deposited with nickel nanoparticles behaved as an efficient electrocatalyst for electrooxidation of methanol, which implied its potential application for fuel cells.


Stenoma impressella is one of the most important defoliator pests in oil palm plantations in Colombia. To identify an alternative method for its control was characterized biologically and molecularly two strains of Cordyceps cateniannulata (CPIsp1201 and IPIsp1201) and three strains of Beauveria bassiana (CPBb0502; CPBb0411; CPBb0404) against S. impressella larvae. Virulence was evaluated under laboratory conditions. In an oil palm leaflet, individual larvae obtained from the insect colony were inoculated with 5 μl of a conidial suspension containing 1 × 107 conidia/ml. The five strains were pathogenic against S. impressella larvae. CPIsp1201 and IPIsp1201 strains resulted in the highest mortality and were subsequently evaluated in two bioassays using a dose of 1 × 1013 conidia/ha. In the first bioassay, performed under shaded conditions, leaves of oil palms were infested with 75 larvae from the breeding/treatment. The second bioassay was performed in the field using natural populations. No differences were found between strains in both bioassays and the different dosages (5 × 1012, 1 × 1013, and 1.5 × 1013 conidia/ha). Finally, the two strains were evaluated under oil palm plantation conditions at a dose of 1 × 1013 conidia/ha in 126 naturally infested palms. Larval mortality caused by the strains IPIsp1201 and CPIsp1201 (79.5% and 70.5%, respectively) was higher than the natural mortality registered in the control (37.3%). Cordyceps cateniannulata used at 1 × 1013 conidia/ha was effective at controlling S. impressella.


Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of bonding mobile mandibular incisors with 4-META /MMA-TBB resin.Methods We studied 56 patients suffering from periodontitis whose mandibular incisors mobiled more than Ⅱ°,and finished an initial periodontal therapy.After the periodontitis was treated,the mobile teeth were splinted with 4-META/MMA-TBB resin at proximal surfaces of the teeth.During a two-year study,we recorded the periodontal indexes and assessed the improvement of periodontitis and the effects of splinting.Results Bonded with 4-META/MMA-TBB resin,mobile mandibular incisors suffering from periodontitis had an apparent descending periodontal indexes including GBI、PD and AL 3、12 and 24 months later(P0.05).The effective percentages of improving periodontitis and splinting were 92.9% and 89.3% respectively.Conclusions After a two-year splinting with the 4-META /MMA-TBB resin,we achieved a stable effect in improving periodontal conditions as well as splinting the mobile mandibular incisors suffering from periodontitis.


A camera calibration method based on genetic algorithm to conventional non-linear camera calibration optimization methods was presented in this paper. Contrary to the classical non-linear photogrammetric approach, the proposed technique can correctly find the solution without the need of initial guesses. In this method, a more comprehensive camera model was adopted which based on the pinhole model, extended with radial distortions, decentering distortion and thin prism distortions correction. In the process of calibration, calibration precision is improved by imaging at different locations in the whole measurement space. The excellent performance of the proposed technique, such as convergence, accuracy and robustness, was demonstrated.


This paper introduces the performance index of high-strength grouting material used in continuous box-girder reinforced concrete patching from fluidity,expansion ratio,compressive strength,and setting time,and illustrates its construction method and achieved effect,in order to promote wider use of the high-strength grouting material.


In order to study the bioactivity of extract from pummelo peel, the antilipemic action and antitumor capacity of the extract were studied by mice in vivo. The sample group of mice had significantly lower concentration of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p0.05), significantly higher concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p0.05) in serum of mice than that of the high lipid control group. The rate of inhibiting S180 growth in sample group was 29.7%. The mean wet weight of thymus gland of tumor control group was 1.2± 0.4mg/kg, significantly lower than that of the normal control group which was 2.6±0.8mg/kg (p0.01), and the mean wet weight of thymus gland of sample group was 2.0±0.5mg/kg, significantly higher than that of the tumor control group (p0.05). It shown that the extract could decease the lipemia concentration of white Kunming mice, inhibit the growth of tumor S180 and improve the immunity ability of the mice.


Oligocaproamides (12000-30000 mol.mass) was extracted from waste of polycaproamide and identificeted. It is shown that polyfluoroalkoholization of oligocaproamides by 1,1,5-threehydroperfluoropentanol leads to destraction og oligomeric chain with formation of polyfluoroalkilcompounds lower oligocaproamides.


Electrochemical determination of iodide was carried out by stripping voltammetry with a modified-carbon paste electrode. Iodide was coordinated onto the electrode surface containing via ion exchange. The oxidation peak potential of incorporated iodide was +0.72 V. The optimum analytical conditions for the determination of iodide were investigated using linear sweep voltammetry. Optimum conditions for the electrochemical determination of iodide were as follows: i) A predeposition solution was 0.1 M ii) The deposition time was 10 min. iii) The composition of the electrode was 40% (w/w). The detection limit for iodide was and the relative standard deviation was (four repetitions). The interference effect of other anions were also investigated. ions do not interfere for the determination of iodide. When was added to the deposition solution, the oxidation peak current of iodide ion was decreased roughly 32%.


Electron capture from molecular targets impacted by swift ions, H+, He2+, Li3+ and C6+, is investigated in the framework of the quantum-mechanical continuum distorted wave-Eikonal initial state model. Biological molecules considered are nitrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water. In particular, for water, the calculation of the corresponding cross sections plays a fundamental role for the determination of energy deposition in biological matter. A detailed analysis on the contributions coming from different molecular orbitals to total cross sections (TCS) are discriminated as well as those of capture to fundamental and excited projectile states. A good agreement with measurements is found for cases where experimental data exist. For other systems, the theoretical results here reported are useful for the prediction of the corresponding TCS.


This paper presents results of an alternative method for locating sound sources in acoustic imaging applications. It is named 2D-ESPRIT and possesses high resolution together with high background noise rejection. One of its chief merits is that it avoids elaborate array geometry design to achieve high resolution compared to commonly used delay-andsum beamforming. Another important feature is that it dispenses with direction scanning to determine sound source location. Simulations are used to contrast both methods.


The present invention provides a method of promoting apoptosis of tumor cells by administration of an effective amount of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitors, inhibiting tumor growth, or inhibit metastasis of a tumor or tumor apoptotic to provide a method that can provide any combination to, or their promote. Inhibitor is a low molecular organic compound. Thus, focal adhesion kinase inhibitors can be used in the treatment of tumors, such as cancers of malignant. For example, administration of FAK inhibitors PND-1186 effective amount to inhibit tumor cells in a mouse model of breast and ovarian cancer has become clear.


Each insecticide treatment was applied to 5 citrus trees (tree height ca. 8 ft) by a hydraulic sprayer as a dilute solution sprayed to drip. Two hr after treatment, field-collected adult weavils were caged on sprayed trees, 5 weevils/cage. Weevil mortality counta were made after 1- and 3-da exposure. Additional cages were added at 3, 6, and 9 da posttreatment when an insecticide demonstrated residual activity. Tests were conducted in September-October, the period of peak weevil activity.


In providing a better service in higher education institutions, the aim of implementing online services is to manage customers more efficiently. Higher education institutions often focus on doing it right the first time and tend to ignore the importance of service recovery through justice dimensions when a service failure occurs. Service failure brings many disadvantages to the institutions and this is where justice dimensions through distributive, procedural, interpersonal and informational justice play an important role. The expectation-confirmation model (ECM) is suggested for examining customer satisfaction and continuance intention in the use of online services in the service failure context. The relationships among justice dimensions, ECM, customer satisfaction and continuance intention are given less attention compared to service quality in private higher education institutions in Malaysia. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine customer satisfaction and continuance intention at the post-consumption phase in service failure situation.


We show that the factor ∼2 discrepancy between spectroscopic and photometric age determinations of the Galactic bulge main-sequence turnoff can be naturally explained by positing an elevated helium enrichment for the bulge relative to that assumed by standard isochrones. Helium enhancement relative to standard isochrones is confirmed at the 2.3σ level. We obtain an upper bound on the helium enrichment for the metal-rich ([Fe/H] ≈+0.30) stars of ΔY ≈ +0.11 relative to canonical expectations, given the requirement that the spectroscopic and photometric ages be consistent and the limiting condition of instantaneous star formation. We discuss phenomenological evidence that the bulge may have had a chemical evolution that is distinct from the solar neighborhood in this manner, and we make several testable predictions. Should this emerging picture of the bulge as helium-enhanced hold, it will require the development of new isochrones, new model atmospheres, and modified analysis and cosmological interpretation of the integrated light of other bulges and elliptical galaxies.


Knowlton et al. (1949) described five pregnancies, in only two of which was a live infant obtained. In the first case delivery was by caesarean section and the child lived only 24 hours. In both these cases engorgement of the breasts was observed a few days after delivery, but it is noted that in the case in which the child survived no attempt was made at breast-feeding, and by the seventeenth day after delivery the breasts were soft and had only a slight watery discharge. Brent (1950), in a general review of Addison's disease and pregnancy, collected 39 cases from the literature and described a case of her own in which delivery was by caesarean section, the woman dying four days later. She stated that lactation rarely occurred, but that if it did it should be suppressed, and mentioned the opinion held by one author who thought that lactation might precipitate an adrenal crisis. She concluded by saying that caesarean section was not to be recommended in cases of Addison's disease. The following case report describes successful delivery by caesarean section one week before term, the establishment without difficulty of lactation, and the continuance of breast-feeding until the child was 4 months old.


The aim of the work was clarification of the correlation, analyse of the formation conditions and lithologic typification of the Famenian deposits of the Bashkir arch for the creation of petrophysical sediment model. The development of the Kamsko-Kinelskaya trough system predetermined the formation of 2 facies zones at the north of the Republic of Bashkortostan- shelf and onboard. The correlation constructions were based on the geophysical data of exploratory and production wells that opened the investigated section. The boundaries of the substages of the Famenian deposits were traced according to the consolidated geological and geophysical sections adopted in the calculation of the reserves. The results of the correlation constructions are isochore maps for each substage. Using data of wells with high core removal and microscopic description of sections the structural-lithological typification of the carbonate deposits of the Famenian layer was carried out. According to the typification, 11 lithotypes are distinguished, which in turn are grouped into 4 main groups of rocks. More differentiated thickness maps for each substage reflecting the facies zoning can be used to solve geological exploration problems. In turn, the additional criterion that confirms the selected facies zones, taking into account the correlation, is structural lithological typification


This study aims at giving some thoughts that cultural differences influence a great deal in English communication. This research is limited to a brief theoretical background of the importance of mastering the English language and how cultural and communication barriers can be reduced. The data of this research were taken from English novels and their translations in Indonesian, and from students in real situation at hospitality institution, Bandung Tourism Higher Education. In this research some thoughts of English and Indonesian linguists are compared. In Indonesia Misunderstandings frequently take place in any situations especially in understanding written English, for examples: The problems for Indonesian students lie on understanding the meaning of English Progressive in the first place, and interpreting Indonesian Progressive sentences into English. Other English constructions such as Simple Present, Simple Past, Present or Past Perfect Simple have no problem in translating into Indonesian. Cultural differences also make barriers in communication. That is why it is important to solve the problem to avoid misunderstanding. The author's contributions to this problem are as follows: explaining the importance of mastering English, teaching culture differences between English and Indonesian, and investigating English


Predictive energy management (PEM) strategy has shown great advantages in improving fuel economy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV). A Markov velocity predictor optimization method and its applications in PHEV energy management is studied in this paper. The initial Markov velocity predictor is constructed using complete driving cycle information and the state space of the Markov velocity predictor is then optimized for specified driving conditions using simulated annealing algorithm (SAA). The practical driving conditions are identified using a multi-feature driving condition recognition unit by using the support vector machine (SVM) method. Based on the driving conditions identified, velocities are predicted using the proposed method and optimized using dynamic programming (DP) algorithm in conjunction with the state of charge (SOC) reference and vehicle state. The energy management strategy derived is then implemented in the vehicle controllers. Comparing with the traditional rule-based energy management strategy, simulation results indicate that the PEM strategy proposed herein can reduce fuel consumption.


The design decisions made by Stata in handling missing data in relational and logical expressions have, for the user, complex, pernicious, and poorly understood consequences. This presentation intends to substantiate that claim and to present two possible resolutions to the problem. As is well documented and reasonably well known, Stata considers p & q (and p | q) to be true when both p and q are indeterminate. This interpretation is counterintuitive and at odds with the formal-logic definition of these operators. To assert two unknowns is not to assert truth. Nevertheless, introductions to Stata characteristically present this as merely a "feature†and suggest that the obligation imposed on users (us) to explicitly test for missing data is straightforwardly implementable. Simple cases are indeed simple but, it will be argued, do not readily scale up to complex, real-life instances. For example, the one-line Stata command to implement the intention, "generate v = p|q" becomes "generate v = p|q if !mi(p,q)|(p&!mi(p))|(q&!mi(q))" And so forth. Such coding is a problem, not a feature—so solutions should be sought. One solution (really a work-around) introduces my command, validly, which allows expressions such as "validly generate v = p|q" and correctly, without fuss, interprets the logical or relational operators (here returning true if p is true but q indeterminate and indeterminate if p is false but q indeterminate). More generally, validly serves as a "wrapper†for any standard conditional command. So, for example, "validly reg a b c if p|q" is handled correctly. But validly (its code deploys nested calls to cond()) is computationally expensive. The better resolution would be for Stata, in its next release, to redesign its core code so that logical and relational operators would (as algebraic operators currently do) handle missing data appropriately. (Objections to this strategy are examined and deemed to lack force.) I would like to enlist the informed and active judgment of the participants of the 14th Users Group meeting to help bring this about.


General model of system with discontinuities systems with clearances systems with piecewise variable stiffness impacting systems systems with dry friction systems with multi-mode discontinuities smoothing discontinuities discussion.


The purpose of the present paper is to provide our data on the effects of phototherapy on peripheral nerve recovery. The aim is to call attention to an issue that still requires much research to elucidate the biological mechanisms through which phototherapy exerts its effects on nerve tissue, and to provide clinicians with the basis for planning clinical trials on the use of phototherapy for enhancing post-traumatic nerve regeneration.


A sharp emission line at 1.51165 eV has been observed in the photoluminescent spectra of certain high‐quality GaAs crystals. From the analyses of crystals containing residual strain, it is concluded that the transition results from a bound‐to‐bound transition involving a donor‐acceptor‐type complex. Two such complexes—namely, the double‐acceptor–neutral‐donor complex, in which only the initial J=1/2 state is active, or the double‐donor–neutral‐acceptor complex—can explain the experimental data. From the magnetic field splitting of the line, the effective g values of the hole and electron are determined to be K=2.01±0.11 and ge=−0.35±0.15, respectively.


The theory of "three represents", grasping the three fundamental problems which determines the Party's position, reveals the essence of the Party's advancedness. It adheres to Deng Xiaoping's Party building theory Party's ultimate goal, and enriches the connotation of the goal of Party building.


There are currently two types of microscopes which, in principle, are capable of imaging atom positions at grain boundaries. One, the field ion microscope (FIM), yields a projection of the specimen surface (approximately stereographic) by field ionization of an imaging gas at protruding atom sites, and provides topographic information in high-index pole regions which may be interpreted atom-by-atom. The other, a transmission electron microscope (TEM), yields a projection (approximately linear) of the entire specimen thickness by electron optical imaging, and provides atomic resolution detail throughout the illuminated area. In this paper, both methods are described and compared, using examples from practical materials systems.


A new vertical microfurnace-type pyrolyzer for thermal desorption and/or pyrolysis-gas chromatography has been developed. The pyrolyzer consists of two independent temperature-controlled ovens.

Initially, in the desorption process, a sample cup containing the polymeric sample of interest is inserted into an oven at 300°C; the sample is then re-positioned at the upper part of the pyrolyzer where the temperature is maintained at room temperature. The resulting vaporized components such as residual solvents and additives give a desorption chromatogram. The relative peak intensities of desorbed plasticizers in acrylonitrile butadiene-rubber gave a relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 2%.

Subsequently, pyrolysis of the remaining polymer is conducted by dropping the sample cup into the second, pyrolyzing, oven at 55°C; at this stage the pyrogram is recorded.

The resulting two chromatograms of desorbed components and pyrolysis products make it easier to characterize the polymer formulation than the complicated pyrogram obtained by an ordinary, single-step pyrolysis.


The exceptional periods when physics research readily led to innovations of vast consequence in engineering, such as the period of solid-state research which led to the transistor, have tended to obscure the valuable role of physics in providing steady support to technological development. In an attempt to redress the balance, the stress in this review has been placed on the evolutionary role of physics, as illustrated by examples drawn from a few selected fields. In lighting, assistance from materials science, discharge physics and optics has led to major improvements in the performance of lamps and associated equipment. The practicability of homopolar machines, where the principle dates back to Faraday's disc, depends to no small extent on progress made by physicists working closely with engineers in solving the slipring problem. Microwave radar ushered in a virtually new engineering field supported by a still widening range of solid-state and other components, of which gyromagnetic ferrites and special dielectrics are typical examples. Applicable over the whole of engineering are the physical methods of materials characterisation, such as X ray techniques and mass spectrometry, hitherto mainly operated by the specialist but now also moving into the hands of the engineer, for example, in process control and automation. A concluding look at the future outlines some of the newer developments in applied physics, especially in solid-state physics and optics, in relation to present and foreseeable engineering requirements. There is a final brief reference to the educational implications as more physicist-engineers take their place in the profession.


The reaction of diorgano-dichalcogens (ER)2(E = Se or Te) with trimethylamine adducts of alane or gallane yields trimethylamine adducts of the tris(selenolato- or tellurolato-)metal (III) species [Me3NM(ER)3](M = Al, Ga; E = Se, Te; R = Et, Ph, CH2Ph); two of which have been structurally authenticated as four coordinate, monomeric species in the solid state.


Japan has long been known as the newspaper power.Because of the emergence of financial crisis,the development of the Japanese newspaper industry is facing difficulties.An increasing number of Chinese and Japanese media persons,experts and scholars are concerned about how Japanese newspapers deal with financial crisis.By analysing the difficulties and countermeasures,the thesis is to provide some inspirations for China.


LP-decodable multipermutation codes are a class of multipermutation codes that can be decoded using linear programming (LP). These codes are defined using linearly constrained multipermutation matrices, which are binary matrices that satisfy particular row sum and column sum constraints. Although generic LP solvers are capable of solving the LP decoding problem, they are not efficient in general because they do not leverage structures of the problem. This motivates us to study efficient decoding algorithms. In this paper, we focus on encoding and decoding algorithms for LP-decodable multipermutation codes. We first describe an algorithm that "ranks" multipermutations. In other words, it maps consecutive integers, one by one, to an ordered list of multipermutations. By leveraging this algorithm, we develop an encoding algorithm for a code proposed by Shieh and Tsai. Regarding decoding algorithms we propose an iterative decoding algorithm based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), each iteration of which can be solved efficiently using off-the-shelf techniques. Finally, we study decoding performances of different decoders via simulation.


In present study, two new methods including least-square support vector machine (LSSVM) and regression-based model, were created for accurate estimation of the adsorption ratio of sodium in terms of ionic concentrations of calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), and sodium (Na+); the bicarbonate (HCO3-) to Ca2+ ratio; and salinity/conductivity of the used water so as to explain the impact of water quality on the irrigation water using a reliable literature database. The results of the developed models were compared with a commonly used model in literature using visual and statistical parameters. Consequently, the supremacy of the regression-based approach is demonstrated with the average absolute relative deviations (AARDs) of 0.06% for HCO3-/Ca2+ ratio ≤1 and 0.28% for HCO3-/Ca2+ ratio >1. Finally, it should be mentioned that the proposed methods are easy-to-apply and sufficiently accurate which require the less calculations leading to the rapid estimation of sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) in wide range of operational conditions.


Maybe Macy's is still not telling Gimbel's. But several manufacturing firms are finding it attractive to provide help—at a price—to other firms, even competitors. It's an idea that smacks a bit of the meatpackers' traditional marketing goal to sell every part of the pig but his squeal. And it reflects, perhaps, a recognition that the services sectors of the economy have been growing more rapidly than the goods-producing sectors—and are expected to continue to do so. Whatever the impetus, though, companies are drawing on their background of knowledge and skills to offer, if only as a sideline, services often well removed from the products that they traditionally make or process. Early last year, for example, Du Pont set up an education and applied technology division within its organic chemicals department to exploit commercially ideas or skills from anywhere within the corporation that are not otherwise being sold. This year, the company's plastics department established an ...


Previous studies had demonstrated that aldo‐keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3), a crucial enzyme in the steroidogenic pathway, played an important role in abiraterone (ABI)‐resistance in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) by increasing intratumoral androgen synthesis. However, its value in predicting treatment response in patients with mCRPC is unknown.


1:1 acetone solution was used to extract dry ivy mosses,from which lixivium was extracted by ethyl acetate. The extracted lixivium was double diluted by test tube for in vitro anfifungal test. The observation showed that ethyl acetate extraction site existed broad-spectrum active antifungal components, which could inhibit and kill Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Cryptococus neoformans, Microsporum gspseum, Scopulariopsis breviandis and Microsporum canis in varying degrees.


Several stereoisomeric, monocyclic analogs of (−)-β-vetivone (1), one of the main constituents of vetiver oil, were studied to examine if the olfactory properties of (−)-β-vetivone (1) could be reproduced from these structurally simpler, synthetically accessible compounds. The effects of diastereomeric and enantiomeric structural differences on the odor of the partial vetivone structure were studied. A chiral phenyl sulfoximine was used for separation of the racemic mixtures. Detailed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-spectroscopic studies (1H, 13C) were used to determine relative configurations whereas absolute configurations were determined by circular dichroism (CD) methods. Chirality 11:133–138, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.


Companies increasingly face turbulent and dynamic environments characterized by mostly unforeseeable changes. A viable strategy to survive in such environments is to strengthen organizational agility, which denotes the ability to quickly cope with continuous unanticipated change and to take advantage of opportunities in the environment. Service-oriented architecture (SOA) accompanied by related organizational mechanisms have been identified as promising means to shape organizational agility. However, research concerning SOA's impact on organizational agility lacks an in-depth understanding on how agility is enabled. We investigate this relationship in an in-depth, intensive manner applying case study research. While developing themes of SOA and organizational agility from rich case description, we analyze these themes in the context of socio-technical theory and provide explanations how SOA influences organizational agility.


An alternating phenylenevinylene copolymer (P) was synthesized by Heck coupling of 2,5-bis[2-(4-bromophenyl)diazeny]-1H-pyrrole with 1,4-divinyl-2,5-bis(hexyloxy)-benzene. The subsequent reaction of P with boron trifluoride diethyl etherate afforded the corresponding BF2−azopyrrole complex (PB) which was used for bulk heterojunction solar cells. A thin film of PB showed a broad absorption band with a long-wave absorption maximum at 511 nm and an optical band gap of 1.63 eV. We have used a solvent mixture consisting of THF with various contents of acetone, in order to prepare the PB:PCBM blend films for polymer bulk heterojunction (BHJ) photovoltaic (PV) devices. Since the vapor pressure of the solvent mixture is lower compared to neat THF, the blend films dried slowly and nanoparticles of PB are formed, as indicated by the XRD pattern. The correlation of PB nanoparticles with PV properties of the PB:PCBM BHJ devices was investigated. It was found that the optical absorption and hole transport in the resul...


Based on the most important «hard» production mechanism, the production rate of B c (or B c ) mesons accompanied by one c (or c) and one b (or b) heavy quark jet through Z° decay is computed. We point out that a large amount of events with one B c or B c meson will be accumulated in the next LEP run, making it possible to study the properties of B c or B c mesons through Z 0 decay experimentally


It is the objective of the paper to make some policy recommendations on the industrial development of Daejeon city, in Korea on the basis of analysis of the structural change which made for the last 60 years after the start of city in 1947.In this period Daejeon city enjoyed 15 times expansion in ar...


This dissertation contains the results from an experimental study, numerical, and analytical study conducted on quasi-isotropic carbon fiber laminates containing a center hole (notch) subjected to constant amplitude tension-tension fatigue loading in order to investigate the effect of fatigue damage development on the residual properties. Quasi-static tests were initially performed on notched composites using digital image correlation (DIC) to determine the strain profiles at selected transverse sections of the outer ply of the laminates and the static strength of the laminates. Subsequently, tension-tension fatigue tests were carried out at 70%, 75% and 80% of the nominal static failure load. A finite element model was developed using Abaqus and Digimat in which Digimat was used to implement the damage evolution model via a user-defined material subroutine. Damage initiation has been assessed using Hashin's failure criteria and the Matzenmiller model was adopted for damage evolution. A second finite element model was developed using Abaqus and Autodesk Simulation Composite Analysis (ASCA) in which ASCA was used to implement the user-material subroutine. The subroutine includes a failure initiation criterion based upon multi-continuum theory (MCT) and an energy-based damage evolution law. Numerical and experimental strain results were presented and compared for different section lines on the outer surface of the laminate at different loading stages. Additionally, the experimentally measured notched composite strength was compared with the predictions from the finite element solutions. These results are used as baseline for subsequent comparison with strain profiles obtained using DIC for specimens fatigued at different stress levels and fatigue lifetime fractions. The results showed a significant effect of fatigue damage development on strain redistribution even at early stages of fatigue. The results also showed the capability of DIC technique to identify damage initiation and its location. Furthermore, X-ray computed tomography (CT) was used to examine the sequence of damage development throughout the fatigue lifetime and to connect the observed damage mechanisms with the occurred change of strain profiles.


It has been a privilege to serve as President of the Infectious Diseases Society of America this year, and the attendance of many of our colleagues from abroad at this annual meeting gives me great pleasure. I presume this honor was given to me because of my contribution to the study of infectious diseases, and with the assumption that I have perspectives useful in furthering the interests of our Society. I am grateful to you for this recognition and opportunity. My predecessors have discussed scientific subjects in which they have had deep interest. I was tempted to do the same and avoid the labor and effort needed to discuss other topics. Evaluation of my past and present activities, however, revealed that the emphasis of my involvement was in the development of young persons, and in councils, committees, and commissions that fostered work in infectious diseases. For this reason, I decided to share with you my concepts and perspectives about the mission, and the forces, constraints, and pressures influencing the present and future study of infectious diseases. The responses we should make individually and collectively to serve our objectives can then be appropriately determined.


Dharma practice, a way of being in the world, is at present being selectively employed as mindfulness within the helping professions as a set of skills with the aim of controlling the unruly nature of the affects, the chaos engendered by difficult emotions and the "passions", including sexual desire. This approach strengthens the self and its faculties of cognition, representation and volition without significantly questioning or de-constructing its nature. Embodied Dharma practice is presented here as a cultivation of a way of being that promotes disorientation and perplexity in the face of the vastness and ambivalence of the world and one that does not shun sexuality which, for phenomenology, is the very realization of embodied existence.


OBJECTIVE
To analyze the benzoic acid content in the Radix Paeoniae Alba treated by three kinds of process.

METHODS
After harvesting, the fresh roots were processed as follows: stored in low temperature, dried after boiling a few minutes and dried immediately. Then the content of benzoic acid was determined by UV spectrophotometry.

RESULTS
The content of benzoic acid in the above material without outer part of the cortex was at the higher level than those with outer part of the cortex. In material without outer part of the cortex, the content of benzoic acid was 0.0635% in stored sample, 0.0248% in poaching sample, 0.0639% in dried sample, 0.6635% in part of the cortex.

CONCLUSION
Benzoic acid was mostly distributed in the root cortex, Radix Paeoniae Alba treated by boiling can reduce the benzoic acid content. Fresh roots without cortex are comparatively economical and reasonable in distilling Paeoniflorin.


In 2022 Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust (NUH) began offering structured prehabilitation sessions for patients diagnosed with cancer, to help them better prepare for surgical treatment. We have undertaken an audit of patients enrolled onto the programme and examined key outcomes.

 Patients requiring surgery for cancer were initially assessed (April – Oct 2022) and offered 2-3 prehabilitation sessions per week. During initial and final Prehabilitation assessments, patients completed a sit-stand test, shuttle walk test and Patient Reported Outcome Measures for anxiety (GAD-7) and depression (PHQ-9).

 Two hundred and twelve patients were enrolled onto the prehabilitation programme and 87 (41%) completed the pre- and post-assessment after 3-6 weeks. Colorectal (47, 54%) and gynaecological (17, 22%) surgery represented the two major procedures for those completing the programme. Mean (±sem) physical activity score (140.1±19.4, n=78) was significantly increased (p<0.001) at the end of the programme (315.3±23.8). Mean shuttle walk test score (340.2±28.7, n=54) increased by approximately 15% (p<0.001) at the end of the programme (394±32.8), while the sit-stand test (24.9±1.3, n=64) also improved significantly (30.9±1.5; p<0.001). The mean (±sem) anxiety GAD-7 score (6.06±0.64 n=85) and depression PHQ-9 score (5.38±0.69, n=85) were significantly reduced (p<0.001) by the programme (3.29±0.46 and 2.76±0.45, respectively).

 Initial results from the NUH prehabilitation programme provide evidence for a significant increase in physical activity prior to surgery, accompanied by a general improvement in the mental well-being of the patients.


In the given article the organizing-pedagogical conditions of the formation of the dialogue interaction skills are considered. The author of the article emphasizes the urgency of studying the given problem, as the dialogue interaction skills definitely determine readiness of the students for the future pedagogical activity.


Postsecondary students' ability to learn is affected by their mental health and wellbeing. Research in the teaching and learning context, however, has predominantly focused on teaching practices that facilitate motivation, learning, and academic success while overlooking the importance of student mental health and wellbeing. The current study aimed to fill this gap by using qualitative interviews to explore student perspectives on current and possible future supports that can cultivate student mental health and wellbeing in the teaching and learning context. Through 14 one-on-one interviews with students, five major themes were developed: (1) prioritize mental health, (2) provide and guide to accessible supports, (3) increase mental health literacy, (4) foster connections and social support, and (5) strengthen best practices in teaching and learning. Students emphasized that the institution has a role to play in several of these areas and elaborated on what practices and policies were least and most supportive of student mental health and wellbeing in teaching and learning. This study has implications for higher education institutions, and how they promote mental health and wellbeing, disseminate information and resources, and how faculty and staff can support students through their policies (e.g., flexibility in deadlines), course materials (e.g., assessments), course delivery (e.g., equity, diversity, and inclusion [EDI] considerations), and interactions (e.g., normalizing mental health conversations).


The computer-implemented method and system for managing redundant signal is disclosed. At least for receiving the first signal stream is a server with the identifier, the first signal stream has a first time associated with the first signal point. At least to receive a second signal stream is a server with the identifier, and the second signal stream having a second time associated with the second signal point, wherein the second time is after the first time. At least one server compares a first time associated with the first signal streams and a second time associated with the second signal stream. If the comparison is determined to be within the time range of tolerance, the at least one server terminates the transmission of a second signal stream, and transmits the first signal stream. If the comparison is determined not to be within the time range allowed error, both the two signal streams are transmitted.


The present paper reports on the results of some experiments dealing with the recycling of mixed cathode ray tube (CRT) glass waste in the production of high-strength mortars. Waste CRT glass cullet was previously milled, and sieved, and the only fine fraction was added to the fresh mortar in order to replace part of the natural aggregate. The addition of superplasticizer was also investigated. All hydrated materials displayed high compressive strength after curing. Samples containing CRT mixed glass showed a more rapid increase of strength with respect to the reference compositions, and materials with a superplasticizer content of 1% showed the best overall performance due to the favourable influence of the small glass particles which increase the amount of silicate hydrated produced. The induced coupled plasma (ICP) analysis made on the solutions, obtained from the leaching tests, confirmed the low elution of hazardous elements from the monolithic materials produced and consequently their possible environmental compatibility.


This study provides empirical analyses of the effectiveness of monetary policy in Zambia by investigating the money demand function and the monetary transmission mechanisms (MTMs). The money demand function is investigated using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach while monetary transmission mechanisms are analysed through the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) framework. The money demand function is found to be determined by real income, the exchange rate and Treasury bill rates in the long-run while in addition to these factors, inflation plays a role in the determination of money demand in the short-run. The money demand function is also found to be stable, a result that points to the importance of monetary aggregates in the conduct of monetary policy. As regards monetary transmission mechanisms, the results found monetary aggregates (broad money) as being important in the transmission of monetary policy while interest rates were found to have no significant effects on output and prices. The exchange rate is also found to be an important channel for the transmission of monetary policy. The key proposition from these results is that monetary aggregates will still continue to play a role in the Bank of Zambia's conduct of monetary policy even as the Bank moves toward the adoption of inflation targeting, where the policy rate is envisaged to be the key monetary policy tool. JEL Classification Codes: E41, E49, E52