Infusion reactions are a major side effect of the administration of therapeutic Abs and are the result of a complex immune reaction. In this study, we report that substitutions of Fc amino acids in the anti-HLA-DR Ab HD8 reduce its ability to induce infusion reactions in rats and monkeys. We first showed that i.v. administration of IgG1- and IgG2-subclass HD8 Abs induces severe infusion reactions in monkeys. These Abs express strong complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and in vivo depletion of complement in rats by pretreatment with cobra venom factor abrogated the lethal infusion reactions generated by HD8-IgG1. Thus, the infusion reactions appear to be largely driven by the complement system. To reduce the CDC function of HD8-IgG1, its Fc region was modified by two amino acid substitutions at Pro 331 Ser and Lys 322 Ala. The modified Ab was incapable of expressing CDC in vitro and did not induce severe infusion reactions in rats and monkeys, even at extremely high doses. The modified Ab retained its Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity function as well as its antitumor activity in a tumor-bearing mouse model. In summary, complement appears to drive infusion reactions, and modifications that eliminate the CDC activity of an Ab also reduce its ability to induce infusion reactions. The Journal of Immunology, 2008, 180: 2294–2298. nfusion reactions are infusion-related side effects that occasionally occur, especially upon i.v. treatment with Ab-based drugs (e.g., rituximab and trastuzumab) (1–3). Infusion reactions manifest themselves as or


Using data from official statistics and surveys on victimization, this chapter aims to estimate the extent of domestic violence against men and examine the contraposition between female aggressors and male victims. More detailed knowledge both of women perpetrators and their male victims is believed to be useful for preparing appropriate programs of rehabilitation for the former as well as effective methods of intervention and help for the victims. The chapter reflects on the fact that, from the point of view of victimology, one of the risks to avoid is that of considering men as "second-class victims," and from the criminological point of view, it is necessary to gain greater knowledge of the figure of the abusive woman, as well as focusing attention on the social representations of domestic violence.


The paper discusses progressive web applications that can serve as a unifying technology for web and native applications. First, the functions are presented for re-view, then their performance is carefully examined. For comparison, hybrid, interpretable, and progressive web applications have been developed. Performance testing was carried out according to the following parameters: the amount of memory occupied on the device by the application; application initialization speed; the time elapsed from launching the application to fully render-ing the component with the application title. The results of testing revealed that progressive web applications can become a unifier for native web development without the use of cross-platform environments.


Granularity is an integral feature of temporal data. For instance, a person's age is commonly given to the granularity of years and the time of their next airline ight to the granularity of minutes. A granularity creates a discrete image, in terms of granules, of a (possibly continuous) time-line. Pairs of granularities are related in that some granularities are ner or coarser with respect to other granularities. A granularity graph records all the relationships between granularities, even among granularities in di erent calendars. Indeterminacy , or \don't know when" information, is a companion to granularity. A birthday, given to the granularity of days, does not reveal precisely when a person was born, only that they were born sometime during the indicated day. Temporal granularity and indeterminacy are two sides of the same coin, in that a time at a given granularity is indeterminate at all ner granularities. We present a formal model for granularity in temporal operations. We also minimally extend the syntax and semantics of SQL-92 to support mixed granularities. This support rests on two operations, scale and cast, that move times within the granularity graph, e.g., from days to months. We demonstrate that our solution is practical by outlining an e cient implementation. The implementation uses several optimization strategies to mitigate the expense of accommodating multiple granularities. [


The magnetic behavior under applied mechanical stress at audible and inaudible frequencies is investigated. A focus is given on how remanent induction, coercive field strength and permeability values that describe hysteresis-loop shape are involved. To this aim, an experimental setup is introduced to both measure mechanical and magnetic behaviors. The mechanical resonant modes of a magnetic ring core sample are tracked to allow large longitudinal bendings. It results that the coercive field strength and remanent induction are greatly reduced under these mechanical solicitations. Those results are then set forth to show that elastic mechanical applied stress is relevant to describe these effects for both steady and transient operating conditions. The experimental results are then focused on how specific magnetic losses and complex permeability spectra depend on the applied stress amplitude. These results are finally discussed to highlight future applicative developments.


The utility model relates to an alarm device adopting a Bluetooth network and preventing personal articles from being lost, comprising a controller (2), a Bluetooth communication device (3) and a battery which are positioned in a shell (1), as well as a prompt device (5) and keys (6) which are positioned on the shell (1), wherein the controller (2) operates according to a preset program; the Bluetooth communication device (3) and other Bluetooth equipment are connected in a wireless manner to form the Bluetooth network, and the connection statuses of all members in the Bluetooth network are automatically and continuously inquired at intervals of a period of time (for example, 5 seconds as an internal); and when any member is found to leave the Bluetooth network, the prompt device (5) is operated to give out alarm information. When in use, as long as one alarm device is placed in each carried personal article, while a user also carries one alarm device, as long as one of the personal articles leaves the user, all the alarm devices can give out alarm information to prompt the user, so as to prevent events of losing the personal articles.


The polarization of rodlike polyelectrolytes has been analyzed by Brownian dynamics simulations, using a cube with a polymer in the center surrounded by counterions and byions. Electrostatic interactions both in the cube and beyond the cube were evaluated assuming periodic boundary conditions using Ewald summation. The effect of hydrodynamic interactions on the dynamics of the ions has been evaluated by modified Oseen interaction tensors. For polyions without added salt, the dipole induced in the presence of hydrodynamic interactions is smaller than in their absence for most of our simulated data, but under some conditions the effect of hydrodynamic interactions is rather small. For polyions with 40 and 60 residues, the dipole moment induced perpendicular to the rod axis, μ⊥, is rather close to that induced parallel to the rod axis, μ∥. The difference (μ∥ − μ⊥) is positive under most conditions, but negative values of (μ∥ − μ⊥) were also found in some cases. All simulated dipole moments increase with the ...


An exact single-product factorisation of the molecular wave function for the timedependent Schrödinger equation is investigated by using an ansatz involving a phase factor. By using the Frenkel variational method, we obtain the Schrödinger equations for the electronic and nuclear wave functions. The concept of a potential energy surface (PES) is retained by introducing a modified Hamiltonian as suggested earlier by Cederbaum. The parameter ω in the phase factor is chosen such that the equations of motion retain the physically appealing Born– Oppenheimer-like form, and is therefore unique.


The educational system is one the backbones of both social inclusion and deep social changes. Socio-educational inclusion does not conclude at obtaining college graduate (undergraduate or postgraduate). It requires person's integral development as well as acceptance to diversity and full dignity recognition from the whole college community (students, teachers, administration and servicies). To become acquainted of the socio-educational inclusion level of college students with any disability a reseach project was carried out at the Public University of Navarra to study the college student's atittudes and ideas towards such collective. The obtained results are encouraging and showed a positive aceptance to such group of people but it is still necessary to clear up whether existent relationships remain beyond sharing a common space such college.


We report a novel post-growth microwave treatment approach to selectively modify the surface morphologies of gold (Au) films coated on the polystyrene (PS) bead substrates for effectively improving the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect on the analytes. The discrete dipole approximation (DDA) model was introduced to evaluate the enhancement effects by calculating the localized electromagnetic field distribution and extinction efficiency based on the sizes of the trenches and voids, and the surface roughness of the modified Au–PS bead substrates. The SERS performance of microwave-modified Au–PS substrates on rhodamine 6G (Rh 6G) and saliva yields at least 10-fold improvements in SERS intensities compared to the as-grown substrates, which is also in agreement with theoretical predictions by DDA modeling. This work demonstrates both experimentally and theoretically the efficacy of the microwave heating treatment on modifying the Au–PS bead substrates for the realization of high SERS performance in biomedical applications. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This discussion reviews the job market facilities-national registry, AAEA Newsletter employment listings, and annual meeting employment service-provided by or in cooperation with the American Agricultural Economics Association. By being misinformed or unaware of some key aspects and procedures of these facilities, particularly of the national employment registry, some employers and AAEA members are either overlooking these services or not getting optimal results from their use. My comments and suggestions stem from observations as chairman of the AAEA' s Professional Registries and Employment Committee. The Registry for Agricultural Economists is a year-round employment service operated by the Illinois State Employment Service with the cooperation of AAEA. It was started in 1974 as an experimental computer-based employment service for professional workers, funded by a grant from the U.S. Department of Labor. ISES continued the service after the last extension of the grant expired in 1981. Only three such professional registries exist in the United States; the others, also operated by ISES, cover economists and pharmacists. The National Registry features a computer-based file of job applicants-agricultural economists interested in new positions or consulting assignments. Applicants fill out a registration form developed primarily by AAEA committees. Registry staff enter this information into a database residing in a computer operated by the New York State Department of Labor. The information for each applicant can be retrieved via terminal, formatted, and printed as a resum6 that can be supplied to prospective employers. To obtain the resumes of registrants that meet the requirements of a specific job opening, an employer fills out a job order form that parallels the contents of the applicant's form. Using an efficient search program (STAIRS), registry staff then perform an on-line search of the registrant file to find applicants that meet requirements of the position. Any absolute requirements plus the primary requirements of the position are first employed in the search. If this initial search yields more resumes than most employers would welcome receivingmore than 100 or so-then other qualifications or characteristics specified or implied on the job order are used to zero in on those applicants most likely to be of interest to the employer. (Thus it is essential that registrants have responded, and responded appropriately, to those questions that are used in searchesmore on this later.) The employer receives a computer-printed resume for each applicant identified by the final search. About 50 resumes are considered a desirable result. Some job orders, however, specify requirements that few applicants meet; for instance, consulting firms bidding on a foreign contract may require knowledge of a specific language or country. Thus in the year ended 30 June 1982, an average of 21 resumes were printed per job order received. In all, 3,363 resumes were printed in response to 157 job orders. Note that in the year-round service described above, applicants are not able to obtain information on job orders or openings. This restriction enables the registry to obtain from employers reliable information on placements that resulted from use of the service. The registry needs such data to demonstrate its effectiveness and thereby justify its funding by the ISES and the federal government.


In 1992 in Israel, a woman in whom a missed early abortion (blighted ovum) was diagnosed underwent a dilatation and curettage procedure during the seventh week of pregnancy. When it was determined that the pregnancy was not terminated, it was allowed to continue until week 24 when suspected severe intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) led to induction of labor and delivery of a female fetus with severe asymmetric IUGR, no congenital abnormalities, and a normal skeleton. Four other cases of failed pregnancy interruption between 1991 and 1994 ended in the delivery of normal infants at weeks 37, 39, and 40, and fetal death complicated by the development of a hydatidiform mole. Most cases of failed induced abortion occur in early abortions, and most women will return for another procedure. In most cases of failed abortion, damage to the placenta will result in damage to the fetus. The most likely cause of IUGR in the case described above was vascular disruption of the placenta due to the curettage. These rare occurrences of failed induced abortion are associated with a high emotional, physical, and legal cost.


Objectives: Knowledge is scarce about the outcome of revision surgery for recurrent or persistent ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow (UNE). We studied the outcome of subcutaneous (SCT) and submuscular (SMT) ulnar nerve transpositions due to UNE, analyzing both primary and revision surgeries, aiming to identify predictors for revision surgery.
Methods: All surgically treated UNE cases (2004-2008) at our department were studied retrospectively. The initial population of surgically treated patients included 285 primary and 52 revision surgeries. Forty-three of the former were transpositions (15 SCT and 28 SMT) and 44 (7 SCT and 37 SMT) of the latter, which were the ones included in the present study. Medical records, including electrophysiological protocols, were reviewed and the postoperative outcome was graded as 1) cured/improved, and 2) unchanged/exacerbated symptoms, based on the patient-reported and surgeon-evaluated outcome.
Results: The frequency of concomitant systemic diseases (p


Abstract The mechanism of penetration of the toxic plant proteins abrin and ricin into Ehrlich ascites cells has been studied by measuring, under different experimental conditions, the lag occurring from the time the cells have been incubated with the toxins until protein synthesis in the cells is inhibited. When Ehrlich ascites cells were incubated with abrin or ricin at 37°, a lag time of at least 30 min occurred before protein synthesis, as measured by the incorporation of labeled leucine into acid-precipitable material, was reduced. At 20° the lag time was 6 hr. In a cell-free system from rabbit reticulocytes, the inhibition occurred immediately, indicating that the lag time observed in whole cells is due to slow penetration of the toxic principle into the cells. When antisera against the toxins were added to the cell suspension after preincubation with the toxins, the toxic effects could be prevented for different lengths of time, depending on the incubation temperature and the nature of the antitoxin used. With antisera prepared against the whole toxins, the toxic effects were partially prevented when the antitoxins were added after less than 30 min of preincubation with the cells at 20°. Specific antisera against the isolated A chains (the toxic principle of the toxin) were able to rescue the cells after a longer preincubation with toxins than specific antisera against the B chains which are involved in the binding of the toxins to the cells. Abrin and ricin did not inhibit protein synthesis in reticulocytes, even though the toxins do bind readily to the surface membrane of these cells. The results are consistent with our two-step model for the entry of abrin and ricin into the cells; in the first step of this model the toxins bind to receptors on the cell surface by their B chain (here denoted the haptomer), whereas in the second step the toxic A chain (here denoted the effectomer) penetrates into the cytoplasm, where it exerts its action. The latter process appears to be the slower one, and the data indicate that endocytosis may be involved in this process.


In 1990, when renowned Indian Marxian economist Prabhat Patnaik asked "Whatever Happened to Imperialism?," once vibrant and influential schools of theories on imperialism were at a postwar historic low. When he left the West to return to India in 1974, imperialism was at the center of all Marxist discussions. But when, he came back to the West merely fifteen years later, however, imperialism already seemed out of fashion. The retreat from the question of imperialism has marked a return of what we can call Second International politics.


The National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) is one approach to overseeing zakat as far as collecting, distributing and utilizing zakat. The presence of Baznas must continue to be worked out through the methodology of institutional reform so that governance and use can run productively, successfully and relatively so that it can affect the work of regional finances. One of the methodologies used to undermine the organization of zakat foundations is to expand the use of electronic information systems as a medium to cooperate and work on the efficiency of zakat leaders in the sorting, transportation and utilization of zakat. The results show that 34% of new BAZNAS in Indonesia have involved the SIMBA application as an application used to lead the details of monetary organizations, while for Communities and Supporters of several BAZNAS.


The present study proposes an attributes sampling plan under the gamma-Poisson distribution for the resubmitted lots. The design parameters of the proposed plan such as the sample number and the acceptance number are determined by using two points on operating characteristics curve such that both the producer's and the consumer's risks are satisfied for some specified values of acceptable quality level and rejectable quality level. The parameters are selected using the minimum average sample number criteria. Extensive tables are provided for some selected combinations of two quality levels and the results are explained with examples.


This study analyses the application of aid conditionality within the EU's supranational development
cooperation policy managed by the European Commission. It asks why the EU as a
donor in its own right seems so ambiguous in pursuing globally advocated policy prescription
on aid conditionality. The Commission has sought to implement some, e.g. resultsorientedness
and the concentration on joint conditionality assessment frameworks, seems to
ignore others, e.g. rigid country selectivity, and fails to pursue featured prescriptions as envisaged,
e.g. conditionality on a holistic understanding of governance. It is argued that this
ambiguity is the result of a dilemma-like trade-off within the Commission's ambition to justify
the existence of a separate EU level development policy. The Commission struggles to
reconcile its ambition to pursue a normatively distinctive approach to development ('European
vision'), if necessary unilaterally, with supporting effective multilateral cooperation
within the existing global discourse, especially around the World Bank ('effective multilateralism'),
which often contradicts the Commission's views on development cooperation. This
undermines the Commission's attempt to justify its role as a separate donor in international
development as long as it remains outside its capacity to consistently influence the content
of the global aid agenda.


Introduction: School absenteeism is an important issue, which affects educational achievement and also results in false estimation of the prevalence of disease in school programs. This study was carried out to estimate the magnitude and its causes and its relation to school absenteeism.
Objectives: 1. To study the medical causes & social factors affecting school absenteeism. 2. To know the effect of school absenteeism on scholastic performance.
Method: It is a cross sectional study done in randomly selected in the age five to fifteen years. The study sample included 754 children. Socio-demographic profile and pre-designed questionnaires as well as school records were obtained. The marks cards of the entire year where taken to assess the scholastic performance. Significant absenteeism was taken when absenteeism was more than 15 percent.
Results: The incidence of school absenteeism was 3.1 percent .Increased incidence was found in children aged 11 to 14 years. There is increased incidence of absenteeism seen in male with the increase in the birth order and family size, with low education status of the parents and in Hindu religion. Majority of the school children were anemic. Illness is the most important cause of school absenteeism. Poor academic performance is significantly associated with incidence of absenteeism.
Conclusion: Illness constituted the major reason of absenteeism. School absenteeism had positive correlation with the academic performance of the students.


Injuries to the hip and pelvis represent about 5% to 6% of adult athletic injuries and 10% to 24% of those in children. The most common athletes to be affected are ballet dancers, runners, and soccer players. The differential diagnosis of athletic hip pain is extensive and must be guided in part by the age of the athlete (Table 1). The terms coxa saltans and snapping hip encompass an extreme diversity of pathologic entities. Several case series and reports have defined a number of potential causes that manifest as the sensation of catching or palpable snapping in the hip. Based on the location and nature of pathology, these have been broadly classified into external, internal, and intra-articular (Table 2). External coxa saltans (ECS) is the most common cause of snapping and alludes to a derangement in the functional relationship between the posterior iliotibial band (ITB) or the anterior aspect of the gluteus maximus muscle as it travels over the greater trochanter during flexion and extension of the hip joint. Usually, thickening in the posterior ITB or in the anterior fibers of the gluteus maximus is responsible for the catching sensations and associated pain over the greater trochanter. In the athletic population, ECS most commonly occurs in cyclists and runners. Owing to its discreet anatomical location and associated tenderness, ECS can be easier to diagnose than the internal or intra-articular forms. Intra-articular causes of coxa saltans are variable, and the clinical manifestations of such problems are equally diverse. The intra-articular cause of the snapping is mechanical and can be intermittent or regular. Patients who have loose bodies, synovial chondromatosis, displaced osteochondral fracture fragments, or labral tears may have intermittent symptoms, as tears relocate or bodies move into synovial recesses, that are usually described as "clicking" or "catching." Byrd and Jones recently reported that traumatic partial and complete ruptures of the ligamentum teres can be a source of hip pain and mechanical symptoms. Like labral tears, lesions of the ligamentum teres may result from relatively minor trauma or twisting injuries. Subtle anterior subluxation or dislocation has been postulated as a cause in children. Micheli and Bellabarba et al independently reported on cases of coxa saltans in adults related to idiopathic hip instability as well. In these series, patients presented with a characteristic externally rotated and abducted gait, and the symptoms were frequent or constant with activity. Theoretically, any intra-articular derangement, including osteoarthritis, may present with mechanical symptoms in this highly congruent joint. Like intra-articular snapping, there is no single accepted cause of the internal form of coxa saltans. The first report of internal coxa saltans by Nunziata and Blumenfeld attributed the disorder to mechanical snapping of the iliopsoas tendon over the iliopectineal eminence of the pelvis. Internal Coxa Saltans (Snapping Hip) as a Result of Overtraining


This study presents the design and construction of an economical static reactive power compensator using inexpensive Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC), with the aim to add dynamic response to local distribution power systems. As FACTS devices have been more prevalent to perform instantaneous power compensation providing the enhancement of transient voltage and system stability. For some distribution networks, its price and complicated operation make FACTS devices unfavorable. The PIC is programmed as the heart of the overall control system for monitoring voltage, generating controlled signal and modulating PI feedback-loop. Simulation was carried out to guide the control design. Experimental results show the performance of the system response. This implies that the proposed compensator can be used for real applications and envisages the future replacement of mechanical- switched capacitor/reactor.


The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased in recent decades, but the causes remain unclear. Changes in the epidemiology of childhood infections could have contributed, but the current evidence is inconclusive. This study aims to investigate whether age at cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) or varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection is associated with the development of atopy.


In this work we use RAFT crosslinking polymerisation coupled with a Chemspeed robotic synthesis platform to optimise conditions to produce PDMS-arm star polymers by an arm-first strategy. The high-throughput polymer...


This paper explores how to restructure sovereign debt. It looks primarily at the Eurobonds of Zambia. This paper proposes four method for restructuring Eurobonds. For each method, it outlines the arguments that Zambia could make to justify the restructuring proposal. At the beginning of the discussion of each method the paper references the other Sub-Saharan African sovereigns that can use substantially similar restructuring methods.


In reflecting about the performance, Yaaron has noted that this moment represents her urgent, apocalyptic journey to Jerusalem: "A 2,000-year-old Jewish nightmare awakens inside me and blends with the present one: I am surrounded by an enemy which explodes inside of me constantly. I am trying to clear the way inside the horror, I have to be on time, the salvation of the world is in my womb, and a torch is in my hand." This is the thrust of Yaaron's theatrical project: the body remembers, and the performer can generate a new vision of salvation.


Objective To observe cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8) on promoting the peripheral nervous system damage repair and the regeneration,anticipated for seek the peripheral nerve treatment medicine to provide a new mentality.Methods 32 SD rats were randomly divided into two groups:test group (CCK-8-treated group)and control group(physiological saline-treated group)with 16 in each.The right sciatic nerve was transected and sutured epineurium immediately.CCK-8 groups were injected with CCK-8(8 nmol/kg) intraperitoneally one time per day,7 days total,and control groups received isotonic saline of the same volume.After operation,each group was randomly further divided into two groups which according to the observing periods for 4 and 12 weeks respectively.Denervated changes of rat and morphologic changes of regenerated nerve were observed and recovery rate of sciatic function index(SFI%)was measured to observe the function restoration of damaged hind limbs.Recovery rate of the complex muscular action potential(CMAP%)and motor nerve conduction velocities (MNCV%) were measured with nerve-electrophysiological instrument.Specimens in the distal ends of regenerated nerves were sectioned histologically and stained with hematoxylin and eosin,firmly green myelinic membrane dyeing to observe the histomophologic changes under light microscope.Then,quantitative analysis of recovery rate of myelinated fiber populations were performed.Electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructure changes.The recovery rate of wet weight of gastrocnemius muscle measured to observe the effect of CCK-8 on atrophy of skeletal muscles.Results (1)General morphology:at 12 weeks,the sciatic nerve of CCK-8 group was thicker than that of control group.(2)At 4 weeks and 12 weeks after operation,SFI%,MNCV%,CMAP%,the recovery rate of myelinated fiber population,the recovery rate of wet weight of gastrocnemius muscle were measured.The difference between two groups were all significant statistically.(3)The observation of light microscope and electronmicroscope:at 4 weeks,the regenerated fibers in CCK-8 group were denser and more regular than that in control group;at 12 weeks,the fibers in CCK-8 group were more regular and homogeneous and the myelin sheaths were thicker than that in control group.The observation was further confirmed under electron microscopy.Conclusions The administration of CCK-8 can effectively promotes the regeneration of peripheral nerves.After administrating CCK-8,the quantity and quality of regenerating nerves are superior to control groups,moreover,the restoration of conduction velocityes of regenerating nerve fibers and the limb functions have been improved too.CCK-8 can prevents atrophy of skeletal muscles effectively after nerve injury.


In this discussion paper we present QA, a question answering (QA) system over RDF cubes. The system first tags chunks of text with elements of the knowledge base (KB), and then leverages the welldefined structure of data cubes to create the SPARQL query from the tags. For each class of questions with the same structure a SPARQL template is defined. The correct template is chosen by using a set of regex-like patterns, based on both syntactical and semantic features of the tokens extracted from the question. Preliminary results are encouraging and suggest a number of improvements. Over the 50 questions of the QALD-6 challenge, QA can process 44 questions, with 0.59 precision and and 0.62 recall, remarkably improving the state of the art in natural language question answering over data cubes.


Biodiesel is usually produced by reacting triglycerides, contained in vegetable oils, with methanol in the presence of KOH, NaOH, or related alkoxides as catalysts. In industry, the reaction is performed in stirred tank reactors and requires 1–2 h of reaction time being the reaction rate strongly affected by mass transfer limitation. We have recently shown, by using a Corrugated Plates Heat Exchanger Reactor, that a very high productivity (about 2 tons/day L) can be obtained by working at 60–100 °C thanks to the presence of an intense local "micromixing". Moreover, we have recently tested the performances obtained in a tubular reactor filled with stainless steel spheres of different diameters. By opportunely changing the spheres diameters it is possible to obtain microchannels in a range of 300–1000 μm with an intense local micromixing. Again, thanks to micromixing we obtained very high productivities. However, in these last reactors the void portion of the reactor is low and the productivity per overall ...


Karagkiozis, or Greek shadow puppet theatre, is a theatrical form that reflects nineteenth-century Greek oral culture. It utilizes a variety of national and regional costumes, dialects, and manners. Having developed in Greece during the period of that nation's modern history, it expresses the continuity of Greek culture and carries its themes, scenes of daily life, and characters. It retains, moreover, vestiges, or perhaps more accurately resurgences, of the pagan as well as the Christian past. Folk characters and types from folk plays and tales – the quack doctor, old man, old woman, devil Jew, Vlach, Moor, Gypsy, swaggering soldier, old rustic, jesting servant, trickster, parasite, stuttering child, ogre, dragon, bald-chin, and the great beauty – are its types as well. Popular folk dances, regional songs, and heroic poetry and ballads appear throughout Karagkiozis performances.


In this paper, we propose a novel extrinsic neural network equalizer (ExNE) for joint iterative equalization and decoding. The proposed ExNE takes the received signal sequence and a priori probabilities from the channel decoder as inputs to directly generate output extrinsic probabilities. This approach improves the performance of iterative equalization and decoding by making explicit use of extrinsic information. A three-step, open-loop neural network (NN) training procedure is developed for the ExNE, independent of the choice of channel code. We propose a new NN architecture termed deep concatenated convolutional blocks with skip connections (DCCB-SC) for ExNE which attains excellent performance with only a moderate number of network parameters. For challenging linear and non-linear inter-symbol-interference (ISI) channels considered in this work, the proposed ExNE approaches the performance of the maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) equalizer without assuming prior knowledge of the channel model.


Financing platform of local government of Jilin province has made important contribution to the local economic development, but in recent years, excessive and disorderly development for the government accumulated a lot of debt risk. According to the reform of the State Council budget management system requirements, government financing functions stripping financing platform, the implementation of market-oriented operation is the key to establish the standard of government investment and financing system. The government should make full use of financial markets, to take diversified financing model to solve the construction funds gap, establishing debt restraint mechanism, and promote the smooth reform of platform and local economic development healthy and orderly.


ILO pub-WEP pub. Working paper on issues relating to the methodology for estimating unit consumer scales and the parameters of household consumption patterns and consumer expenditure on the basis of family budget data from Korea R - constitutes part of a WEP research project concerning population and employment. References and statistical tables.


Affordable spotmeters are difficult to come by. The Minolta Spotmeter F is one of the least expensive digital meters available. If you are ...


The originally Palaearctic but now widespread coccinellid Hippodamia variegata was recorded for the first time in Australia at Gatton, Queensland, in November 2000. Since then, it has been recorded preying on 12 different aphid species and a psyllid, on a variety of crops, weeds and ornamental plants. Within a year of its discovery, it had been recorded within a distance of 800 km north and south and 500 km west of the original collection point. Collection and observation records are presented.


The geomorphological formation of the Baja California peninsula and the Gulf of California is a principal driver of diversification for the reptiles of North America's warm deserts. The western banded gecko, Coleonyx variegatus, is distributed throughout the Mojave, Sonoran and Peninsular deserts. In this study we use multilocus sequence data to address deep phylogeographic structure within C. variegatus. Analyses of mtDNA data recover six divergent clades throughout the range of C. variegatus. Topology of the mtDNA gene tree suggests separate origins of peninsular populations with an older lineage in the south and a younger one in the north. In contrast, analyses of multilocus nuclear data provide support for four lineages, corresponding to the subspecies C. v. abbotti, C. v. peninsularis, C. v. sonoriensis and C. v. variegatus. Phylogenetic analyses of the nuclear data recover C. v. abbotti and C. v. peninsularis as a clade, indicating a single origin of the peninsular populations. Discordance between the nuclear and mtDNA data is largely the result of repeated episodes of mtDNA introgression that have obscured both lineage boundaries and biogeographic history. Dating analyses of the combined nuclear and mtDNA data suggest that the peninsular clade diverged from the continental group in the Late Miocene.


Let's now look at the AdaBoost setup in more detail. • Loss ` = exp (exponential loss). It is also common to use the logistic loss ln(1 + exp(·)), but for simplicity we'll use the standard choice. • Examples ((xi, yi))i=1 with xi ∈ X and yi ∈ {−1,+1}. The main thing to note is that X is just some opaque set, we are not assuming vector space structure, and can not form inner products 〈w, x〉. • Elementary hypotheses H = (hj)j=1, where hj : X → [−1,+1] for each j. Rather than interacting with examples in X directly, boosting algorithms embed them in a vector space via these functions H. For example, a vector v ∈ R is now interpreted as a linear combination of elements of H, and predictions on a new example x ∈ X are computed as x 7→ ∑


The
utility of food traceability standards aims to reduce the of food security and
to provide consumers with targeted information. A survey has been conducted on
sample of consumers in Beijing (n = 234), aiming to explain the intention
toward purchasing traceable beef using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Based on the TPB, the present study has
added new variable: past experience. Structural Equation Modeling is applied to
test the TPB model. Results show that attitude, subjective norm and past
experience are positively associated with intention to traceable beef.


The paper emphasizes the possibilities of spatial analysis by using the zip-code or postcode of the worker in establishments. It was found that the gathering of this data is relatively simple and the information can nevertheless be localised in a very specific way. This type of research is relevant to the discussion on the possibilities of saving energy by physical planning. That is also why emphasis is given to the medium sized city and the regional scale of the analysis and the work trip behaviour as its subject. The latter concerns the locational choice (distances to travel), route and modal choice (in relation to infrastructure). The weakness of existing data bases is mentioned. Some results of the research in Groningen and Zwolle are given. There seems to be a remarkable resemblance between the steep distance curves of the two. Also some differences relating to sex, the financial contribution of companies, the spatial circumstances, urban dynamics, etc., are shown. For the covering abstract of the conference see TRIS 453956. (TRRL)


There has recently been a trend in requirements engineering towards combining techniques in order to complement the deficiencies of one with the strengths of another. RESCUE is a process that continues this tradition and combines human activity modelling and i* system goal modelling in a concurrent engineering approach to support the generation of more complete and correct use case models and descriptions, and hence better requirements. The process is aimed at developing large socio-technical systems where confidence in the correctness and completeness of use cases, and hence requirements, is important. The RESCUE process has been applied and tested in the specification of requirements for CORA-2, a real and large-scale socio-technical system in which computerised assistance will be provided to air traffic controllers.


The reconstruction of dielectric properties of buried objects amounts to the solution of a nonlinear inverse scattering problem whose data are aspect limited in both space and frequency domains. We investigate how these points entails that only a limited number of dielectric profile functions can be reliably reconstructed. Moreover the influence of the model adopted to approximate the relationship between the dielectric properties of buried object and the scattered field is also pointed out, with reference to simpler canonical inverse scattering problems.


The process by which radically new high-tech products are commercialized and diffused in the mass-market can be long and unpredictable. We propose a conceptual model in which managerial decisions, regarding new product introductions, are presented with their possible outcomes. We analyzed multiple case studies regarding radically new high-tech products quantitatively and qualitatively to answer our research questions. We found two reliable categorizations for high-tech products which can be used for statistical analysis: industry and product complexity. Regarding the types of niche market applications, we adapted a well-known categorization introduced by the National Bureau of Statistics. The three types of niche market applications are government, business and consumer. Using ANOVA and chi-square tests, we found the most common types and the average number of niche market applications which appear prior to large-scale diffusion. Moreover, the types and average number of niche markets change depending on the two product categorizations mentioned above. We also studied the sequences of niche market applications which appear prior to large-scale diffusion. We found the most common sequences of niche market applications with appear in general, and depending on the industry to which the product belongs. Finally, we provide general reasons for which such sequences of niche market applications appear when a radically new high-tech product is introduced to the market.


This paper introduced layer of motion behavior in conceptual design of mechanical motion system and presented designing model of function motion behavior structure.The multi layered represenation of motion behavior knowledge makes conceptual design create new solution in multi layer and let the reasoning process of function motion behavior structure be practicable.Finally,example of multi layered representation of simple and complex motion behavior knowledge are presented.


'Time out of time' events present opportunities for creative forms in many media that offer ways of stating not only traditional values, but problems and their solutions as tropes. Art forms, being esthetically attractive, can suggest new ideas without being threatening. All these arts communicate and so affect the way people think about things, and are an important part of the complex discourse in which changes are negotiated.


We have measured modulations imprinted by laser speckle in laser-driven CH{sub 2} foils at 10{sup 14} W/cm{sup 2} (laser wavelength 0.53 {mu}m). We have calibrated the amplitude and Rayleigh-Taylor growth of these modulations with single-mode surface perturbations, converting the imprint to an equivalent surface finish. We examined this imprint for a static speckle pattern and with two different bandwidths on the drive laser. The addition of bandwidth and dispersion to the drive laser reduced the imprinted modulations, with the highest bandwidth showing the largest reduction in imprint, in agreement with LASNEX simulations. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}


The article calls into question the adequacy of linking the major setbacks in the functioning of Russian economy to the so-called "resource curse". The author acknowledges that an increase in foreign exchange inflow as a result of opening a new deposit of natural resources does create some problems described by the classical "Dutch disease" model. But the inflow of foreign exchange, on the one hand, has a transitory nature and, on the other, cannot devalue the benefits resulting from the increased income. However, an economy with traditionally high share of primary industries is confronted with a problem of different nature - that of an increased volatility of world prices for its exports and, as a result, of the country's income. For such countries it is important to elaborate the efficient mechanism of natural rent collection and to manifest cautious approach to adoption of permanent budget commitments. The author argues that it could be useful in terms of improving the sustainability of the Russian economy and strengthening its competitive position to set up large national reserves of oil. He also defends a position that a country with a significant share of primary sector in its economy should adhere to the regime of "dirty float" of the national currency and pay attention in its monetary policy implementation to several indicators (along with inflation - to exchange rate and interest rates) and to be ready to promptly impose foreign exchange restrictions on capital transactions in case of emergency. The author attracts attention to the significant importance, which the formation of an effective mechanism for the use of rental income has for solving the strategic problem of modernization of the Russian economy.


There are disparate observations in the literature which suggest that respiration is abnormal in genetically dystrophic muscle and that the course of the disease may be temporarily retarded by treatments which increase the availability of oxygen to the tissue or facilitate the biosynthesis of ATP by the oxidative-phosphorylation system. Mitochondria from dystrophic muscle are abnormal morphologically (1, 2). Mitochondria from dystrophic chicken muscle show an elevated rate of oxygen uptake when incubated in the presence of Mg2+ and ATP (3). A low ATP level in dystrophic muscle (4, 5) and the possibility that a low ATP:ADP ratio results in a swelling of the respiratory assembly in mitochondria (6) led to the suggestion (3) that accelerated loss of ATP from mitochondria in dystrophic muscle is responsible for the abnormal permeability of the mitochondrial membrane (7) and the altered microscopic appearance. In studies with canary and rat liver mitochondria thyroxine was found to stimulate ATPase activity (8-10), concomitantly with the induction of mitochondrial swelling. In view of the above it is interesting that administration of large doses of thyroxine to dystrophic mice improves movement (11), and that a high-oxygen environment retards the progress of muscular dystrophy in chickens (12, 13) although only temporarily (14). Treatment of dystrophic mice with coenzyme Q has also been reported to improve their condition (15, 16) and it may be significant that experimental thyrotoxicosis markedly increases the level of coenzyme Q in rat liver mitochondria (17). Evidence of mitochondrial abnormality in muscular dystrophy and the effect, albeit temporary, on the progress of the disease of treatments which appear to relate to augmentation of energy available from mitochondrial function, suggested the following experiments to determine if thyroxine-binding is normal in the mitochondria of dystrophic muscle.


Introduction
In a proof of principle study, we have applied an automated fluorescence toponome
imaging system (TIS) in order to examine, whether TIS can find protein network
structures distinguishing cancerous from normal colon tissue from same patient.
Methods/Materials
Cancer specimen and corresponding normal tissue were harvested at colectomy from a
single patient. 5μm sections were then prepared for TIS using a battery of different
antibodies, including a number of putative CSC markers. Expression of multiple protein
clusters was determined and Combinatorial Molecular Phenotypes (CMPs) were
analysed, using specific image-analysis tools.
Results
By using a three symbol code and a power of combinatorial molecular discrimination
(PCMD) of 221 per sub-cellular data point in one single tissue section, we demonstrate
an in situ protein network structure, visualized as a mosaic of 6,813 protein clusters
(Combinatorial molecular phenotype or CMPs) in the cancerous part of the colon. By
contrast, in the histologically normal colon, TIS identifies nearly 5 times the number of
protein clusters as compared to the cancerous part (32,009).
Discussion and Conclusion
By sub-cellular visualization procedures we found, that many cell surface membrane
molecules were closely associated with the cell cytoskeleton as unique CMPs in the
normal part of the colon, while the same molecules were disassembled in the cancerous
part, suggesting presence of dysfunctional cytoskeleton-membrane complexes. As
expected, glandular and stromal cell signatures were found, but interestingly also
potentially TIS signatures identifying a very restricted subset of cells expressing several
putative stem cell markers, all restricted to the cancerous tissue. The detection of these
signatures is based on the extreme searching depth, high degree of dimensionality, and sub-cellular resolution capacity of TIS. These findings provide the technological rationale
for the feasibility of a complete colon cancer toponome to be established by massive
parallel high throughput/high content TIS mapping.


Step-by-step guide to producing napkin decoration to give your dinner parties that professional look. With tips on caring for lace and linens.


Tests to determine the effects of filters made to British Standards BS 5190 on the sediment content of farm milk are described. Samples taken from twelve farms of sediment content before and after filtration are compared and evaluated.


The rate constant of the NH 3 +H→NH 2 +H 2 reaction was calculated using the nonvariational transition-state theory for the temperature range 500-2000 K. The quality of the theoretical barrier height depends on the amount of correlation energy taken into account, on the post-MP4 corrections, and on the spin decontamination when radicals are involved. The quadratic configuration interaction (QGI) method gives values higher than the perturbational post-MP4 SAC4/A1 method. The basis set superposition error and the sources of thermal corrections (theoretical or experimental) have minor importance. We found that the two rate constants using the SAC4/Al and QCI barriers represent an upper and lower bound, respectively, to the available experimental values


A method for estimating the capacity of cellular networks taking both channel blocking and radio limitation into consideration is presented. The method applies to both analog and digital systems. The technique provides a simple, yet powerful basis to assess the capacity of different cellular configuration under varying propagation conditions. The US Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) adopted this technique for assessing the capacity gains that can be achieved by converting from AMPS to DAMPS (digital traffic AMPS for dual-mode standard IS-54 B). Further extensions such as the capacity improvement that can be achieved by using discontinuous transmission (DTX) are also discussed. A wide range of results for sectored configurations are presented.<<ETX>>


One of the most exciting and promising scientific development of recent times wil1 be noticed in the fast developing apple industry of Himachal Pradesh . Progress made has been tru1y impressive. The area has increased from 3,025 hectares in 1960-61 to 49,840 hectares in 1984-85 and annua1 production from few hundred to 1,70, .6_29 metric tonnes in the past three decades (Anonymous, 1986). However, Venturia occurrence inaequalis, developing industry.


Introduction Symptom evaluation is one of the more challenging skills for the cardiac rehabilitation physical therapist to master. While there are many ways to obtain objective measurements of an individual's cardiac status, the clinician must still rely on subjective information when making an assessment. Unfortunately, many noncardiac sources of chest, arm, and neck discomfort may mimic angina. (1,2) To complicate the assessment, an individual may have multiple pathologies producing similar symptoms, which may be difficult to distinguish from one another. Likewise, a patient may not be able to effectively describe their symptoms due to vague presentation or a language barrier. The following case study addresses the management of a postmenopausal female with complex symptom presentation and equivocal objective data. Gender bias has been an unfortunate obstacle to appropriate diagnosis and treatment for many women with coronary artery disease. (3-6)


This paper describes the manufacturing challenges of a specific design over 90 GHz with an eye toward meeting performance goals while fitting into a production environment. Understanding the critical physical dimensions, along with the non-critical allowed for a successful design demonstration. Furthermore, this paper will illustrate the specific tactics utilized for a successful design showing both material property measurements and process developments needed to execute a multi-element array applicable to W-band applications.


Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) is an enzyme that plays a pivotal role in abiotic and biotic stress responses in plants by transforming the diacylglycerol into phosphatidic acid. However, there is no report on the characterization of soybean DGK genes in spite of the availability of the soybean genome sequence. In this study, we performed genome-wide analysis and expression profiling of the DGK gene family in the soybean genome. We identified 12 DGK genes (namely GmDGK1-12) which all contained conserved catalytic domains with protein lengths and molecular weights ranging from 436 to 727 amino acids (aa) and 48.62 to 80.93 kDa, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses grouped GmDGK genes into three clusters—cluster I, cluster II, and cluster III—which had three, four, and five genes, respectively. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed significant GmDGK gene expression levels in both leaves and roots coping with polyethylene glycol (PEG), salt, alkali, and salt/alkali treatments. This work provides the first characterization of the DGK gene family in soybean and suggests their importance in soybean response to abiotic stress. These results can serve as a guide for future studies on the understanding and functional characterization of this gene family.


Objective: Clindamycin is the drug of choice for the treatment of severe form of skin, soft tissue, and blood infections caused by resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the form of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and erythromycin-resistant S. aureus. In this research, we determine the susceptibility pattern of isolated S. aureus strains against antibiotics and the prevalence of resistant S. aureus in the form of MRSA, inducible clindamycin-resistant S. aureus (inducible macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B [iMLSB]) and constitutive clindamycin-resistant S. aureus (cMLSB).
Methods: A total of 310 isolated S. aureus among 2000 different clinical samples were subjected to oxacillin (1 μg) as per the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method for MRSA. Clindamycin-resistant either in the form of iMLSB or cMLSB was determined through double disk diffusion method or D-test by use erythromycin (2 μg) and clindamycin (15 μg) as per the CLSI guidelines.
Results: Out of total S. aureus, MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) were 78.06% and 20.64%, respectively. This study showed that iMLSB and cMLSB were 34.19% and 23.22%. Both iMLSB and cMLSB were found more among MRSA than MSSA (43.80%, 26.85% and 40.62%, 10.93%), respectively.
Conclusion: This study helps for the characterization of different resistant strains of S. aureus along with the determination of the prevalence rate of these mutant forms causing nosocomial infections.


Named entity recognition has served many natural language processing tasks such as information retrieval, machine translation, and question answering systems. Many researchers have addressed the name identification issue in a variety of languages and recently some research efforts have started to focus on named entity recognition for the Arabic language. We present a working Arabic information extraction (IE) system that is used to analyze large volumes of news texts every day to extract the named entity (NE) types person, organization, location, date, and number, as well as quotations (direct reported speech) by and about people. The named entity recognition (NER) system was not developed for Arabic, but instead a multilingual NER system was adapted to also cover Arabic. The Semitic language Arabic substantially differs from the Indo-European and Finno-Ugric languages currently covered. This article thus describes what Arabic language-specific resources had to be developed and what changes needed to be made to the rule set in order to be applicable to the Arabic language. The achieved evaluation results are generally satisfactory, but could be improved for certain entity types.


A novel 5-aminoisophthalate compound, [Mn(C8H5NO4)'H2O]n·2nH2O 1, has been synthesized by the hydrothermal assembly of 5-aminoisophthalic acid with manganese acetate. Ele- mental analysis, X-ray crystal structure analyses, IR spectra, FT-Raman and ESR were carried out for the structural determination and characterization of the title compound. Compound 1 crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1 with a = 7.7562(2), b = 8.6121(3), c = 8.7107(2) ', α = 85.411(2), β = 76.030(2), γ = 66.510(2)o, V = 517.76(3) '3, MnC8H11NO7, Mr = 288.12, Z = 2, Dc = 1.848 g/cm3, μ = 1.300 mm–1, F(000) = 294, R = 0.0381 and wR = 0.1043 for 1652 observed reflections (I 2σ(I)).


Highlights Increase in CO 2 prolongs the duration of the immature stages of Liriomyza sativae. Elevated CO 2 level does not affect the immature stages viability and longevity. CO 2 enriched environment does not influence the survival and fertility of L. sativae. Abstract An increase in the carbon dioxide concentration (CO 2 ) in the atmosphere has occurred in recent years, influencing the different biological aspects of herbivorous insects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of CO 2 increase on the biological aspects of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard leafminer in melon plants. For this, two experiments were carried out: (i) to evaluate the effect of melon plants grown in CO 2 enriched environments on the immature developmental stages of L. sativae and L. sativae adult longevity, and (ii) to verify the impact of increased CO 2 concentration on L. sativae adult survival, feeding punctures, and oviposition. The experiments were carried out in growth chambers maintained in the temperature regime of 20-26-33 °C (simulating the minimum, average, and maximum daily temperature) and under two CO 2 concentrations (400 ppm and 770 ppm). The immature stages and the egg-adult period of L. sativae were longer when they developed on plants grown in high CO 2 levels (770 ppm), but no difference in adult longevity was observed. The viability of the immature phases was not different between the two CO 2 concentrations. Furthermore, there was no difference in the number of eggs and feeding punctures between treatments. Thus, the increase in CO 2 concentration prolongs the duration of the immature stages of L. sativae ; however, it does not affect their viability. Adult survival, fertility, and feeding punctures were also unmodified by the environment enriched with CO 2 . No statistically significant differences were observed between the treatments for the larval and pupal phases (p < 0.05). Statistical analysis was not applied to the egg phase because of the absence of data variance. No statistically significant differences were observed between the treatments for the larval and pupal phases (p < 0.05). Statistical analysis was not applied to the egg phase because of the absence of data variance.


Venedikt Mart is the pseudonym of the poet and writer Venedikt Nikolaevich Matveev (1895–1937). He was born and lived in Vladivostok until 1920, where he published his poems in local newspapers and magazines, published his first collections in the printing house of his father, who was a writer and local historian Nikolai Amursky (Nikolai Petrovich Matveev), (1865–1941). Venedict Mart became famous for his futuristic poems and translations of Japa- nese and Chinese poetry.

The collection "At the Love Crossroads of Fads" (1922) is a clear mockery of precision culture. The reference to the long-gone culture of past centuries is comical in that V. Marth's pretentiousness of vocabulary and immoderate hyperbolism of short stories is stronger than in any French novel created by a writer-precision. The heroes' love explanations take an unexpected turn, in which romantic stories are resolved in a comic manner.

In June 1917, in St. Petersburg on Krestovsky Island, V. Mart wrote the book "Emerald Worms". In one of the main refrains of the text: "You smile and Your smile will remain here on Earth – in March to enchant the autumn people...", the author's self-irony is noticeable, since in the book "You" means "Genius of the Cosmos" who reaches Immortality – this means that his works live forever. In the phrase "You stay in March," the author cleverly uses the fact that his pseudonym coincides with the name of the month. This game with the reader is a characteristic feature of the entire work of the writer.

In V. Mart's prose of the late 1920s – early 1930s, an educational orientation and adherence to the "state order" are visible. The 1932 story "Dere – a Water Wedding" combines several artistic directions. Some fragments of the text are stylized like a fairy tale story. V. Mart confronts this artistic direction with the literature of fact, thereby creating a comic effect through which the author expresses the catastrophic nature of the process of loss of self-identification of a small people under the influence of the "new way of life".

In the collection "At the Love Crossroads of Fads" creates a comic effect through sheer mockery of precision culture. Here V. Mart uses fabulous motives, which he will extensively use in his prose. In the book "Emerald Worms" absurdity and the author's self-irony are the main methods of the comic. Since the end of the 1920s, being under the supervision of the police and squeezed by the censorship framework from the explicit forms of the comic, V. Mart turns to hidden irony, which is read more at the stylistic level, for example, a deliberate combination of literary genres far from each other in one work.


How to introduce Multi-media technology into classroom instructions so as to improve teaching quality and make sure that students can obtain more knowledge and skill has long been an issue on teaching reform of agricultural colleges and universities.In light of teaching practice,the role multi-media technology plays in classroom instructions is expounded.


When undertaking magnetometer surveys in northern Europe or north America it hardly matters whether a vertical vector magnetometer (e.g. fluxgate) or total field instrument (e.g. caesium) is used: the anomalies are fairly similar. In fact even the difference between vertical gradiometers and single sensor instruments is not particularly large. All these instruments can be used alongside each other, and producing a combined data plot often requires not more than some amplitude scaling. However...


As liquefaction due to earthquake hazards may occur on both clean sand and soil comprising of sand with fines, the current research trend is more focusing on determining the boundary limits of liquefaction susceptibility of sand matrix soils. Series of laboratory testing had been carried out worldwide but many of the results are contradictory. It is thus important to first determine the condition in which the clean sand is most susceptible to liquefaction, only then the liquefaction susceptibility of sand matrix soils could be compared and discussed under this specific condition. Stress controlled triaxial test apparatus was used to shear the isotropically consolidated sand samples under undrained two-way cyclic loading until the initiation of liquefaction. The liquefaction was defined based on: (i) excess pore pressure was equal to effective confining pressure or (ii) a double amplitude strain of 5 % was reached, whichever was achieved first The results of two-way cyclic triaxial tests on clean sand showed that besides the cyclic stress ratio, the liquefaction resistance of the sand under undrained loading was proportional to effective consolidation pressure and density index. The clean sand was more liquefiable at loose state (ID = 20 %) and under low effective consolidation pressure (100 kPa), when subjected to earthquake loading.


"The Palladio Guide" is a complete catalog to the buildings of16th-century architect Andrea Palladio, containing descriptions, photographs, and plans of the extant buildings, and complete visitorinformation.


According to" The People's Republic of China National Economic and Social Development 11th 5 year Planning Outline",analyze the ubiquitous problem of our country's new country planning and combine the project embodiment.Have probed into the design mode of new country planning of Hubei in terms of scientific development.


The locking system in the Informatics Engineering laboratory still uses a manual locking system that is conventional keys, so it is less efficient because the use of conventional keys can be broken into by burglars caused by the development of the way the thief to open the door and the use of conventional keys has an impact on human error ie the key can be lost or mistake forgot to lock the laboratory room door. So that a more practical and efficient key is needed, from the problem the author has the idea of producing an identification and authentication system for the use of RFID-based laboratory space by utilizing e-KTP as an RFID tag that can improve the security of laboratory space and access systems for laboratory space use. The identification system design uses the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller as the circuit controller. This study uses the Research and Development method, which is a research method by conducting observations and interviews and development methods for designing and manufacturing and testing systems to produce a particular system that has been designed. As a result of this study, it can be concluded that the e-KTP that can be read by the reader is e-KTP in accordance with ISO / IEC 14443 which is commonly owned by all residents which can be used as universal cards and can also be implemented as smart cards for identification and authentication of access to use of laboratory space in the Department of Information and Computer Technology Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe.


Abstract The ECMWF monthly forecasting system is used to investigate the impact that an interactive ocean has on short-range and medium-range weather predictions in the Northern Hemisphere extratropics during wintertime. On a hemispheric scale the predictive skill for mean sea level pressure (MSLP) with and without an interactive ocean is comparable. This can be explained by the relatively small impact that coupling has on MSLP forecasts. In fact, deterministic and ensemble integrations reveal that the magnitude of forecast error and the perturbation growth due to analysis uncertainties, respectively, by far outweigh MSLP differences between coupled and uncoupled integrations. Furthermore, no significant difference of the ensemble spread between the uncoupled and coupled system is found. The authors' conclusions apply equally for a number of cases of rapidly intensifying extratropical cyclones in the North Atlantic region. Further experimentation with different atmospheric model versions, different horizo...


The world of higher education is becoming more dependent on comparative measurements between individual organizations. The entrepreneurialism of a university is a typical topic of which some measurement pressure can exist. The chapter discusses the pros and cons of different means to measure the entrepreneurialism of a university. The comparisons are made between using several individual metrics, two different types of balanced scorecard approaches, and a qualitative approach. The chapter ends by presenting four short scenarios after which four recommendations about building a measurement system are given: (1) measure entrepreneurialism, (2) define what the system is used for, (3) have different systems for different stakeholders, and (4) allow for ambiguity when comparing the results. Some ideas for future research are also provided.


Energy and angular distributions of the particles arising from a number of cases of the decay of Hes/up 5/ have been analyzed. The influence of the strong spinorbit coupled He/sup 4/-H/sup 1/ state on the decay of He/sup 5/ is noted. (auth)


The present invention discloses a high COD, high concentrations of sulfate acidic organic chemical wastewater treatment method, including the step of Ca (OH) 2 pretreatment, anaerobic treatment, two-stage aerobic treatment. In acidic organic chemical wastewater Ca (OH) 2 pretreatment sulfate and after removal of most of the H +, anaerobic wastewater by anaerobic bacteria in waste water treatment process for the microbial body advantage factor control and operating parameters, and to form aeration and salt treatment methods aerobic microorganisms halophilic based process, especially for a high COD, high sulfate, low pH, organic chemical waste.


: To elucidate higher order brain function, it is important to analyze spatio-temporal patterns of electrical activity of neuronal network. For this purpose, electrical activity in neuronal networks measured from dissociated neuronal culture system or acute slice of brain are widely studied. In such studies, accurate detection of neuronal electrical spikes from measured electrical-potential-data including noises is critically required. In addition, the on-line spike detection from the measured electrical signals is preferred to offline detection, especially for the application of the neuronal spike detection in brain-machine interface. In this study, we developed the novel and simple threshold-based-algorithm to detect neuronal electrical spikes, deter-mining adequate threshold for spike detection, even though the frequency of spontaneous spikes and noises drastically changes. Using this novel method, numbers of detected spikes were improved to96.4% of correct number, while number of detected spikes were91.8% of correct number with previous method, suggesting that number of lost neuronal electrical spikes decreased. In addition, we developed software to simultaneously perform the on-line spike detection and the recording electrical signals from64-electrodes, which is convenient to control electrical devices according to the electrical activity of the neuronal network.


Solid variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (SVPTC) is characterized by a solid component (SC) involving more than 50% of the tumour with the preservation of the classical cytological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the clinical significance of SC in PTC has been rarely examined. Herein, we investigated retrospectively the clinicopathological features of PTC with various degrees (10–85%) of SC (PTCSC).


Poor sanitation has meant uncountable financial losses because water networks are inefficient; it also means a much lower quality of life for Brazilians exposed to the diseases that result from untreated sewage. Solange Monteiro reports on strategies to reverse the situation discussed at a May IBRE seminar on "Sanitation and Water Management."


Technology investment is an important indicator of technological development.The paper analyzes the output of science and technology investment and technology from 2005 to 2009 in Anhui Province,and input-output technology to improve efficiency and promote further economic development.Financial resources for effective science and technology system should be set up in Anhui Province.


Text is de fined in text linguistics as a communicative occurrence which should necessarily meet the criteria of textuality. Theoretical knowledge in medicine is presented in a particular type of texts that con vey generally valid information about rules, principles and instructions, that is, in descriptive texts. Scripta Scientifica Medica 2008; 40(1):95-97


The potential goals of antitrust are numerous. Goals matter to antitrust. We believe that it is total welfare rather than consumer welfare that should drive antitrust analysis. We use this Article as an opportunity to explore both a comparative analysis of welfare standards across E


In recent years, Internal Control has become the focus of attention every time there is a notable scandal in the corporate world. An effective internal control system can prevent an organisation from fraud and errors, and provide an organisation with assurance and competitive advantages. It is argued that in order to have a robust internal control system, an integrated system, such as an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is needed. ERP systems have the ability to control user access and facilitate the separation of duties, which is one of the most common internal control mechanisms used in order to deter fraud within financial systems. Moreover, there are other factors that can provide support for effective internal control systems. This thesis aims to explain how ERP success, organisational and ERP factors affect the effectiveness of internal control procedures. In particular, this thesis develops and validates a research model with empirical evidence collected in the context of the Saudi Arabia business environment. In order to achieve the research aim, this research identifies four key propositions derived from the existing literature to establish the relationships between organisational factors, ERP factors, ERP success and effectiveness of internal control procedures. An exploratory study is used to initially test the four propositions. The findings indicate that different companies follow different requirements that mainly depend on ownership. Additionally, the study indicates that the eight components of the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission's (COSO) Enterprise Risk Management framework are considered by the companies investigated, however there are variations regarding their level of consideration. The findings suggest that further study is needed to explain the impact of ERP success on internal control and to measure the effect of the organisational and ERP factors. Based on the four propositions, four hypotheses are developed and tested in a quantitative study. A questionnaire is constructed and sent to 217 Saudi ERP-


The government is stalling on a pre-election commitment to increase the number of midwives, according to the Royal College of Midwives (RCM).


Abstract Eratosthenes (circa 276 B.C.–194 B.C.) is considered a famous scientist of ancient Greece. He was a mathematician and geographer. Born in Cyrene, now Shahhat (Libya), he was appointed to teach the son of the Egyptian King Ptolemy III Euergetes. In 240 B.C., he became the third chief librarian the Great Library of Alexandria. Eratosthenes laid basics for mathematical geography. He was the first to calculate precisely in an original way the Earth meridian's length between Syene and Alexandria. For this purpose he used perpendicular projection of the sun rays during summer solstice (06.22) near the town Syene, now Aswan. His estimation of the length of the Earth's radius (6300 km) is close to present estimation (6371 km). He calculated that a year possesses 365.25 days. He also emphasized the significance of maps as the most important thing in geography. Eratosthenes was the first one to use the term "geographem" to describe the Earth. In this way he legitimized the term of geography. He also put in...


Objective To investigate the clinical feature of inpatients with drug eruption and explore the pharmaceutical care of those inpatients. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on the clinical data of 169 drug eruption cases from 2011 to 2012. Results The composition of causative drugs was antimicrobial drugs (45.56%), Chinese materia medica (CMM, 24.85%), and antipyretic analgesic (15.98%). The composition of clinical manifestation was urticaria type (43.79%), exanthesis type (19.53%), and rash erythematous type (13.02%). Conclusion The major involved drugs inpatients with drug eruption are antimicrobial drugs and CMM. It is necessary for the medical staff to know the drug-used history of inpatients and to stop using questionable allergize drugs promptly, at the same time, to receive the pharmaceutical care provided by clinical pharmacists.


We present a general image reconstruction methodology for multiphoton fluorescence microscopy. The method is primarily based on Markov random field modeling of the detected image data. Evaluation on two-photon-excitation-(TPE) and two-photon-excited-4PI-microscopy images shows high quality artifact-free reconstruction. Image reconstruction for multiphoton imaging modalities such as TPE and 4PI may find potential application in nano-bioimaging and optical imaging.


The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting motivation and whether these factors support students' autonomy. Students were interviewed in order to study the impact of collaborative learning study arrangements on the their motivation. The data was then analyzed using self-determination theory. The study showed that it is possible to build structured courses utilizing collaborative learning and interactive engagement methods such that autonomy is supported. The interviews showed that if there is room for autonomously motivated students to choose their approach to work in the groups, the group work engages students through social relatedness.


The relevance of the article is determined by the fact that in modern conditions the effective functioning of the foreign exchange market is impossible without the mechanisms of its effectivestate regulation. The main features of the functioning of the foreign exchange market of Ukraine are: uncertainty due to differences in the motives of its subjects, which has the opposite effect on the dynamics of exchange rates; financial instability of economic entities due to high volatility of exchange rates; the frequency of currency crises that threaten the economic and national security of the country; the possibility of long periods of currency instability, which poses a risk to the functioning of economic entities. As a result of applying a systematic approach to the study of the national economy as a large economic self-regulatory system, it is established that the main principles of its operation are: openness; multidimensionality; dynamic equilibrium; stability. The historical aspects of the formation of the national economy on the basis of ethical economic order as a closed economic system, incapable of self-organization, self-regulation, fully controlled state, which had a monopolistic character and developed extensively. The dialectical connections between Ukraine's political and economic sovereignty are generalized, and it is established that the guarantee of the latter in the conditions of open economy is the international economic competitiveness of the country. The concept of sovereignty is considered everywhere through the prism of institutional theory and ensuring order of open access to political and economic resources on a competitive basis and limited access to them on the basis of rent-oriented behavior. It is shown that at present Ukraine has a mature order of limited access. The features of classification of national economies as objects of regulation are systematized and its types are distinguished: by possibilities of formalization, by degree of development of external relations, by ability to balance, by economic order, by spheres of economic relations, by size.


ABSTRACT The microstructure and texture evolution during annealing of rolled pure Mg, at temperatures ranging from 150 to 400°C, was characterised in the present study. A grain growth exponent of n = 13 was observed and the activation energy for grain growth kinetics was found to be 95.6 kJ mol−1. Further, broadening of the normalised grain size distributions, indicating abnormal grain growth, was also observed at all temperatures of annealing. The sample had a dominant basal texture before annealing. However, after annealing up to a temperature of 300°C, the alleviation of basal texture was observed in the samples. On further annealing at a temperature of 400°C, a strong basal texture was developed in the samples. The mobility of high angle grain boundaries, which is proportional to correlated misorientation distribution, was observed to be responsible for texture strengthening of the material. The grain boundary mobility changes during grain growth led to the growth of either small or large grains. It was further observed that the growth of small grains caused the formation of basal fibre and large grains led to the weakening of basal texture.


The process of the cathode electrodeposition on copper substrates from zinc chloride-TMAC ionic liquids was studied.The impact factors on coating such as conductivity,concentration of electrolyte,temperature etc were studied.The coating is best when the temperature is 85℃,voltage is 2.04V and electrodeposition time is 30min.The crystal size is nearly 3u,m,the current efficiency is 75%.


The EU's new circular economy directive presents a substantial challenge for the polymer processing industry, in the course of which this study has been initialized. The aim is to upcycle textile waste from various sources and to produce textiles again or technical parts from the recycled material with a high demand on mechanical and thermodynamic properties. In this study several textile waste streams were examined. There were two waste streams from home textiles (towels, bed sheets, etc) and one waste stream from industrial textiles (sieves and felts for paper and cement industry). The home textiles are a blend of ∼50 wt.% polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-fibre and ∼50 wt.% cotton fibre. One central task of this study was to develop an enzymatic process to break down the cotton fibres and to retrieve the pure PET-fibres. In the following steps the gained PET fibres will be spun again to fibres and woven into towels, as in the original application. Additionally, the textiles will be tested according to oecotex. The second waste stream, three different polyamide (PA) and PA blends were tested for their suitability for injection moulding and spinning. These materials will be tested for selected products which have to comply with very high standards and are partially used in safety-critical applications.


s of Australasian P h D theses Algorithms and application for special classes of nonlinear least squares problems by Stephen J. Wright 3 0 9 Protein folding by Thomas Robert Osborn 313 Distribution-free tests of subhypotheses by Mark Francis Collins 3 1 5 A study of knot-graphs by John Christopher Turner 317 The University of Queensland Press, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia Printed in Australia by Watson Ferguson & Co. Rcffetere4 by Austr. l i . Port—PaMcattM No. QBQ2945 BULLETIN OF THE AUSTRALIAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY Editors: Shei la O a t e s W i l l i a m s H o n o r a r y Editor: Depu ty Editor: B H N e u m a n n H. B. T h o m p s o n


Dibenzo[a,l] pyrene (DBP) is one of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) family found throu-ghout the environment in the air, water and soil. Some of them are used in industries and medicines. Numerous studies have suggested that high levels of DBP and PAHs exposure increased the risk of developing certain types of human cancers. Morinda citrifolia (M. citrifolia) is one of the most important medicinal plants belongs to the Rubiaceae family, it has anticancer, anti-microbial, antioxidant, analgesic, cardiovascular, anti-inflammatory activities and antimicrobial and anthelmintic effects. It regulats cell function and regenerates damaged cells. In the present study, M. citrifolia was tested for its apoptotic effects against peripheral T-cell lymphoma induced by DBP in BALB/c mice. In this study, one hundred adult female BALB/c mice were used and were divided into five groups of twenty mice in each group namely; the control group (group A), the DBP treated group (group B), the M. citrifolia prevention group (group C), the M. citrifolia treated group (group D) and the M. citrifolia control group (group E). By the end of the experimental period (24 weeks) all animals were euthanized. DBP induced peripheraT-cell Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in mice organs (data not shown). Apoptosis in the lymph nodes, spleens and lungs of M. citrifolia prevention and treatment groups (groups C and D) mice showed significant difference (P<0.05) compared to groups B, A and E mice. Apoptosis was also detected in the colon and kidneys of group C mice. (No statistical analysis was used).


Protection variables in adolescents use of alcohol and tobacco. The end of this paper, was to know the efect of protection variable in use legal substances. For this reason we use a quasi-experimental methodology with a design of not aleatory groups, applying the "t of Sudent" test with a significance level of 0.05. The used sample was made up of 534 fellows, the 40.4% was males and the 59.6% females, with ages located between the 14 and the 21 years old, students of secondary education. The results showed 14 protection variables, among the 21 measured ones, presenting statistically significant differences, in favor of fellows that didn't consume alcohol habitually. Once again, the "family attachment", the "fact of valuing health" and the "observance of laws or community norms" seem to be variables that could protect the fellows, in determined ages, in front of the habitual consumption of drugs as alcohol and tobacco.


So-called very-large-scale motions (VLSM) have been observed in turbulent pipe flows recently. It was discovered that they carry a substantial fraction of turbulent kinetic energy. However, the question how they gain and loose their energy from other scales has not been rigorously studied yet. Hence, the present study is intended to investigate how energy is transferred towards and away from the very-large scales. The inter- and intra-scale energy flux in turbulent pipe flow is analyzed by means of the u'u'-budget equation of the two-dimensionally filtered streamwise fluctuating velocity field u' obtained from a direct numerical simulation at Re_\tau = 1500. We show that the largest scales of motion gain their energy in the logarithmic layer through the production term of
the low-pass filtered budget equation. In contrast to the small-scale energy transfer near the wall, no mean backscattering of energy is observed towards VLSM. Instantaneous flow field realizations as well as conditional averages, on the contrary, show backscattering into negative ejecting VLSM up to y+ = 200, which is overcompensated by even stronger forward scattering from positive sweeping VLSM. This behaviour opposes the small-scale energy transfer near the wall, where backscattering is associated with high-speed sweeping motions.


For thousands of years, it was believed that the maritime industry was reserved only for men. However, this perception has slowly begun to change. In today's world, women seafarers still represent a very small percentage of the maritime workforce, which has limited their opportunities to engage in more active employment role. Further, as today's shipping industry is more global and interconnected than ever before, its success depends largely on its ability to support its human resources. Such support must include a push from within to attract more women to its workforce. Nevertheless, empowering women to join this industry requires gender-based policy making, as well as international and national regulatory frameworks and educational support.
This article addresses the role of women seafarers in the maritime industry by examining and identifying obstacles they face during the course of their employment. Educational and cultural, traditional, religious, social matters, gender discrimination, prejudice, sexism and sexual harassment, rejection of women's application on the grounds of gender, creation of "artificial difficulties" to promote women mariners to senior positions, employment in inappropriate positions, insufficient legal protection, are wide range of barriers that have direct negative impact on women engagement into maritime business. As well as how international legal and regulatory frameworks presently address this issue. Furthermore, this article identifies and analyzes policy initiatives put forward by international organizations that encourage more industry education, training and participation for women seafarers. Additionally, this article will present a gender equality analysis of the present state of the industry with respect to women in the Republic of Georgia. This analysis includes a study of relevant international maritime law, Georgian law and domestic regulations and policies. Lastly, this article provides recommendations on how the maritime industry can empower women to join the industry, especially as it becomes more reliant on technology.


Taking into account the wide variety of geological structures in Colombia, we took a collection of samples both from sand beaches and high mountains systems and determined their concentration of 238U, 232Th and 40K using a high resolution gamma spectrometry system. The results show a variation of these concentrations for the different samples that we associate with the soil type and the environmental conditions of the chosen regions. We also compare our results with other studies carried out in regions with similar geological conditions.


Objective
To investigate the relationship between C-reactive protein and clinical significance of Tokyo Guidelines for acute cholangitis.

Methods
Analyzed 739 cases with acute cholecystitis in Xianyang Central Hospital of Shaanxi province. Records of patients diagnosed with acute cholecystitis were screened between September 2013 and October 2015. The criteria of Tokyo guidelines were used in grading the severity of acute cholecystitis. Patients were divided into 3 groups, Group Ⅰ(n=450), Group Ⅱ(n=260) and Group Ⅲ(n=29). C-reactive protein values at the time of admission were analyzed and compared among the groups.

Results
Mean C-reactive protein levels of groups were found to be significantly different, 18.74 mg/L in Group Ⅰ, 133.67 mg/L in Group Ⅱ, and 257.43 mg/L in Group Ⅲ. C-reactive protein values among the groups were found to be highly and significantly correlated with the disease grade (P<0.01). After evaluating C-reactive protein levels according to the grade of the disease, GroupⅡ was distinguished from Group Ⅰwith a cut-off C-reactive protein level of 72.54 mg/L, and from Group Ⅲ with a value of 195.85 mg/L. Those results were found to be statistically significant (P<0.01).

Conclusion
C-reactive protein can be accepted as a strong predictor in classifying different grades of the disease, and treatment can be reliably planned according to this classification.

Key words:
Cholecystitis, acute; C-reactive protein; Abdomen, acute; Diagnosis


In this paper I shall show that the formula 0:4,48 times circumference squared for the area of a circle, which occurs in a few Babylonian mathematical texts, can be traced back to at the latest the twenty-third century BCE.


[reaction--see text] The kinetic resolution of secondary aryl alcohols has been investigated. When (CyRuCl(2))(2), (1R,2S)-(+)-cis-1-amino-2-indanol, and KOH or (t)BuOK (catalyst 1) were combined in the presence of (+/-)-alcohols, ee's > 90% were generally observed. When applied to the kinetic resolution of (+/-)-indanol and (+/-)-tetralol, ee's = 99% (R) were observed. In addition, the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones was investigated with a catalyst, 2, generated in situ from (CyOsCl(2))(2), (1R,2S)-(+)-cis-1-amino-2-indanol, and (t)BuOK, yielding ee's of up to 98% (S).


This dissertation examines how certain extra-literary techniques derived from mass media were assimilated and deployed in avant-garde texts, specifically with regard to the color yellow. As the color of ambivalence, yellow is seen as best able to concretize and activate the divergent cultural forces at work during the fin de siècle period and the early twentieth century. This study departs from the normal practice of treating colors as symbols. I use Auerbach's conception of "figura" (that is, the mimetic relations between concrete historical events as a function of their temporal dimension) to show how yellow retains its realism and its materiality.


In this paper we consider the problem of recovering a function u(z) which satisfies in the half-plane Π = {Im z > 0} the operator equation of the Beltrami type Szu(z) = A82u(z) by its values on a part of the boundary M C 0Π. To solve this problem, we prove some formulas of the Carleman type. We give examples of using the obtained formulas when solving the Cauchy problem for the Lame equation system and the Navier Stokes equation system. We also consider the problems of inversion of the Radon transformation with incomplete data. 1. SETTING OF THE PROBLEM AND THE MAIN RESULTS Let X be a Hilbert space which is the complexification of a real Hubert space X' : X — Χ Θ \X'\ i.e., for u G X we have u = v -f \w where v,w G X'. Suppose that C(X] is an algebra of linear bounded operators in X. We fix a real operator A G £(X) (AX C X') and a bounded set Ω C C. Definition 1.1. A function vector u ( z ) G C(£l,X) is called Α-analytic in Ω if d A ( z ) := dsu(z) Adzu(z) = Ο, ζ G Ω. A function vector v(x,y) G £(Ω,Χ) is called Α-harmonic in Ω if ΔΛφ, y) := (E A)dxxv(x, y} + (EA)dyyv(x, y] = 0, (x, y) G Ω. In this paper we consider a special case Ω = Π = {z G C : Im z > 0} and formulas of the Carleman type. We shall say that a function vector u(z) : Π Π -* X belongs to the class //JJ(II; X), 1 < ρ < oo, if it is Α-analytic in Π and there exists a constant c < oo, such that for each y > 0 we have *Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Koptyug prosp., 4, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com The authors were partially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under Grant No. 96-01-01494. 492 E. V. Arbuzov and A. L. Bukhgeim For p = oo, we shall say that u € /^°(Π; Χ) if u(z) is a bounded Α-analytic function from Π. For functions from the class H^(H]X) the formulas analogous to the Poisson and Cauchy formulas hold. Basing on these formulas, we obtain formulas of the Carleman type which allow us to find an Α-analytic function u(z) : Π -)· X in the whole of Π by its values given on some set M C 9Π of positive Lebesgue measure. For this purpose, similar to the classical case (A = 0) [1], we construct the weight function Φ(ζ) (in our case it is set ΟΠ \ Μ and is large in M). The exact results are formulated in the following theorem. Theorem 1.1. Let Μ C 9Π be a set of positive Lebesgue measure, \\A\\ < l, u(z) £ HA(T[\X}, 1 < p < oo, and suppose that an operator function Φ : ft -> C(X) is as follows: Φ(*) where


A sonar system which insonifies a target area in a plurality of distinct and separated insonified regions as a result of an acoustic transmission and thereafter fills in the blank regions upon subsequent transmissions, with each transmission always leaving a space between insonified regions, which is filled in by a subsequent transmission or transmissions.


This article aims at analyzing the evolution of the debate regarding the issues that arise when States make reservations to human rights treaties, whose ultimate goal is inevitably compromised by any form of limitation to their content. This kind of treaties are in fact meant to protect individuals, while traditional international treaties (as envisaged by the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties) simply regulate the relationships among sovereign States. Through the analysis of the different approaches of several scholars, and in particular in the light of the Human Rights Committee's General Comment No. 24, the article tries to compare the criteria that could be put in place in order to answer to the question of whether reservations should be deemed admissible in the first place, which should be the limitations, and who are the subjects best suited to carry on such evaluations and establish the consequences of invalid reservations.


In this paper a generalization of the Poisson regression model indexed by a shape parameter is proposed for the analysis of life table and follow-up data with concomitant variables. The model is suitable for analysis of extra-Poisson variation data. The model is used to fit the survival data given in Holford (1980). The model parameters, the hazard and survival functions are estimated by the method of maximum likelihood. The results obtained from this study seem to be comparable to those obtained by Chen (1988). Approximate tests of the dispersion and goodness-of-fit of the data to the model are also discussed.


A new method of line spectrum feature extraction in ship radiated noise power spectrum was proposed based on partial least-square curve fitting.A new coordinate transform and the least-square curve fitting were used to extract the continuous spectrum feature.The continuous spectrum feature and the line spectrum feature are combined as the power spectrum feature of ship radiated noise.The classification recognition experiment for two different classes of target noises in the sea was performed with BP neural network,and the results show that the method is effective with a recognition rate over 90%.