This study are aims to determine the effect of dry heat treatment (DHT) on the quality of seed beans and to determine the length of time required for dry heat treatment (DHT) in seed beans. This research has six activities, that are: 1. sampling symptomatic plants virus on long bean; 2. preparation of seed; 3. dry heat treatment (DHT); 4. test for Immunosobent Serology Enzyme-linked Assay (ELISA); 5. observations; 6. data analysis. The research were designed by completely randomized design (CRD) with six treatments and five replications. The research result show that dry heat treatment does not give adverse effects on seed germination of beans. Treatment of dry heat on a temperature of 70oC for 60 hours most effective for inactivation of bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) on the seed beans and did not cause damage on the other elements of seed quality. Based on these studies further research on dry heat treatment to determine their effectiveness to protec plants from bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) in endemic areas, should be conducted.


Twenty-eight first graders were taught letter-sound correspondences according to massed and spaced formats. One group received a spaced format on i and massed format on e, and the other received a spaced format on e, and massed format on J. A paired associated format required children to produce the appropriate sounds in response to visually presented letters (e, m, s, c, i). Compared to the massed format, correct responses to the letter presented according to the spaced format were more frequent on the posttest (72% versus 38%), though less frequent during training (56% versus 74%). The findings extended the superiority of spaced presentations to younger subjects and academically relevant stimuli.


Low-multipolarity magnetic transitions in $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ were excited by 180\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} inelastic electron scattering. Measurements were made in the excitation energy range of 9 to 14 MeV, at low momentum transfers corresponding to q values of 0.3 to 0.5 ${\mathrm{fm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$. Multipolarities and transition strengths were determined in a model-independent analysis for all the observed transitions and compared with previous published and unpublished electron scattering data. The experimental M1 strength distributions are compared with configuration-mixing shell-model calculations.


We discuss an approach to federated network simulations that eases the burdens on the simulation developer in creating space–parallel simulations. Previous approaches have difficulties that arise from the need for global topology knowledge when forwarding simulated packets between federates. In all but the simplest cases, proper packet forwarding decisions between federates requires routing tables of sizeO(mn) wherem is the number of nodes modeled in a particular federate, and n is the total number of network nodes in the entire topology. Further, the benefits of the well–known NIx-Vector routing approach cannot be fully achieved without global knowledge of the overall topology. We overcome these difficulties by utilizing a topology partitioning methodology that usesGhost Node s. A ghost nodeis a simulator object in a federate that represents a simulated network node that is spatially assigned to some other federate, and thus that other federate is responsible for maintaining state information associated with that node. However, ghost nodes do retain topology connectivity information with other nodes, allowing all federates in a space–parallel simulation to obtain global information concerning the network topology. We show with experimentaly that the memory overhead associated with ghosts is minimal relative to the overall memory footprint of the simulation.


Scholars claim that the six films comprising the Star Wars epic are the United States' most important modern myth. The films have meaning for contemporary lives and serve as reflections of the fears, anxieties, and hopes surrounding what many perceive to be a crisis of masculinity manifested in the current boy crisis. This article describes how the films explore possibilities for a different kind of boyhood and how they contribute to understanding competing explanations for the boy crisis. Keywords: boyhood, boy crisis, film studies, masculinity, gender A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away ... Or is it? This well known phrase, forever associated with the Star Wars film saga, informs the authence at the beginning of each film that the events to be depicted take place somewhere very distant from our own world, both spatially and temporally. We disagree, believing that the six films have meaning for our contemporary lives and serve as reflections of the fears, anxieties, and hopes of contemporary American society, especially those fears surrounding what many perceive to be a boy crisis and a related crisis of masculinity. Thus it is not surprising that the series has earned $4.3 billion at the box office world-wide. Associated merchandise has generated three times that amount. Many scholars claim the series is the United States' most important modern myth (Brabazon, 1999; Johnson, 1999; Leming, 2002; Lev, 1998). The six movies reflect the changing understanding of masculinity in the United States, the social resistance to such transformations, and the potential future for boys and men. As a whole, the Star Wars epic represents the continual construction and reconstruction of masculinity since World War II. The original trilogy of films (19771983) and its masculine archetypes of the hero, Luke, the adventurer, Han, and the villain, Darth Vader, presented one-dimensional, simplistic representations of masculinity that were derived from the 1950s, another time of male panic for white, conservative, heterosexual American masculinity that was supposedly challenged by leftist and Communist political ideological incursions during the Cold War and the increasing influence of mothers on boys' lives (Courdileone, 2005). The first three films are a rejuvenation of the period's cult of toughness and film icons in whom wartime self-confidence characterized the dominant masculinity (Gilbert, 2005). In the earlier Star Wars films, Luke is the duty bound soldier hero who grows into manhood during wartime and assumes the dominant masculinity (Beynon, 2002). In 1998, the first of the next three installments of the saga was released. This is the trilogy which interests us most. Instead of using familiar masculine archetypes, as he did in the first three films, George Lucas, the producer and director, developed one central character who embodied both a critique of masculinity and an awareness of its possibilities. Anakin Skywalker is almost Christ-like in his appearance and talents. At the same time, he cannot control his own emotions and violent behaviors. In contrast to the soldier hero character of Luke, Anakin Skywalker is the "soldier victim" (Beynon, 2002) who symbolizes the recent and ongoing crisis of masculinity, more specifically the boy crisis, a phrase found in both popular (for example, Laura Bush speeches) and academic literature. Epstein Elwood, Hey, and Maw (1998) frame the discourse of boys' underachievement as a "globalized moral panic" (p. 3). We believe that Anakin' s difficulties mirror the reasons for this moral panic and argue that the life of Anakin Skywalker is the American boy crisis writ large. In our analysis, we draw from critical gender and masculinities scholars (Butler, 1990; Connell, 1995, 2000, 2002; hooks, 2004; Kimmel, 2004; Weedon, 1997) who seek to bring attention to societal inequities, particularly patriarchy and its manifestations, in discourse, culture and the economy. …


Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Al 2 O 3 is of interest for a wide range of micro-nanoelectronic applications, where the electrical properties of the deposited layers can be strongly affected by deposition conditions and post-deposition treatments. In this work, a mercury-probe capacitance-voltage characterization is carried out on Al 2 O 3 films deposited on silicon by ALD at different temperatures and subjected to various thermal treatments in N 2 ambient. Effective positive charges located at the semiconductor/dielectric interface are encountered for the films deposited at the lowest temperature (100°C). Positive V fb shifts are always registered after the different thermal annealing conditions studied; however, the impact of the thermal treatments is found to be different depending on the deposition temperature. A significant negative charges build-up is observed after a 30 min anneal at 450°C, where improved surface passivation properties are achieved. Interestingly, the hysteresis, as well as the V fb shifts, clearly diminish for higher deposition temperatures or after a thermal anneal. However, the highest temperature treatments (≥800°C) result in significant interface states generation. Finally, exploratory experiments about the stability of the Al 2 O 3 layers under UV-light irradiation (in the 200-300 nm wavelengths range) show that this can be responsible for a significant degradation of their electrical characteristics.


The realization of SIP protocol stack in Vocal system is mainly analysed and on the basis of it, a Remoted Teaching System is realized.


The paper deals with the problem of service quality,
quantification of the level of quality and evaluation of
service quality in freight road transport companies. The impact
of the transport service quality on the performance of road
freight transport is necessary to quantify a level of service
quality but also define and objectively evaluate the
performance of road freight transport with the help of an
appropriate set of performance indicators and methods. For
examining relation and quantification of the transport service
quality impact in road freight transport it is necessary to
apply the appropriate method. This paper includes practical
application of particular method, as well.


Presents an integrated environment which fills a gap between control system design and the real-time implementation of control algorithms. The integrated environment uses a standard hardware platform, a standard operating system and a computer-aided control design system as a design tool. This paper focuses on the application of a rapid-prototyping toolbox which automatically generates real-time code for Windows 95/98/NT operating systems. The code is created from the Simulink model of the controller. The real-time properties of the control system are analysed. The inverted pendulum control example is used to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed solution.


At the time, the proper management of business processes is considered among the potential points that make up the business development debate. Workflow management with service composition in a business process is one of the levers to achieve this goal by acting on the modelling techniques. The adoption of web services platform in medical field did not attain good success. For from the organisational point of view, it is a prerequisite to find a good mechanism that allows the establishment of a good correspondence between the medical activities performed and the functionalities of related web services. We proposed in this paper, the automation approach based on a medical activity reference pattern. This approach includes two interesting steps: the first is presented by automation workflow of the planning task of medical process to be performed on each patient. The second is presented by automation workflow of implementation and management of planned medical processes. We used different business process management (BPM) technologies to achieve the implementation of an intermediate layer between cooperative systems. Our proposal ensures proper organisation of cooperative work and reinforces action's traceability for each stakeholder.


An outbreak of mild gastroenteritis due to enteropathogenicEscherichia coli0128: B12 developed in a complex of university hospital nurseries. At least 24 infants were infected with the strain in the 22 days between admission of the index case and initiation of measures to control the outbreak. There were no deaths, disease was mild, and clinically inapparent infection was frequently found. The outbreak abated abruptly after institution of strict aseptic technique, temporary reorganization of the nurseries, and administration of neomycin sulfate to all infants from the newborn nursery in the epidemic cohort.


Modeling a new process can be challenging and time-consuming due to either a lack of understanding of the true behavior of the process, costly experimentation, or scarce data. Oftentimes, there are past processes related to but not exactly the same as the new process, in which abundant knowledge has already existed. Although the process is new, mathematical models from similar yet non-identical past processes can provide insights into the new process and, hence, careful integration of the existing models will potentially improve the new predictive model as well as reducing modeling effort. Over the last few years, little has been studied on the combination of past models and expert judgments in the discipline of chemical engineering. Therefore, this study will propose model migration methodologies to address the issue. The purpose of this study is to use similarity, which is referred to as the phenomenon that structurally similar, yet not-identical processes perform the similar function or yield the similar output. Consequently, model migration aims to integrate data of the new process with existing model of the related past processes. This study systematically investigates model migration methodologies based on process similarity which widely exists in engineering problems and many others. The overall theme of the proposed methods is the statistical adjustments of the known past models, and the incorporation of prior knowledge into new process data under Bayesian framework. A series of migration implementations are studied where the objective is to develop a migration model for the new process that is better than using the data of the new process only. The merits of model migration are demonstrated on various test functions as well as on real-world chemical processes. It is shown that the proposed methods are promisingly effective and efficient modeling tools for complex chemical systems.


We analyze the dependence of the mass-to-light ratio of spiral galaxies on the present star formation rate (SFR), and find that galaxies with high present star formation rates have low mass-to-light ratios, presumably as a result of the enhanced luminosity. On this basis we argue that variations in the stellar content of galaxies result in a major source of intrinsic scatter in the Tully-Fisher relation (TF relation). Ideally one should use a `population-corrected` luminosity. We have also analyzed the relation between the (maximum) luminous mass and rotational velocity, and find it to have a small scatter. We therefore propose that the physical basis of the Tully-Fisher relation lies in a relationship between the luminous mass and rotational velocity, in combination with a `well-behaved` relation between luminous and dark matter. This implies that the Tully-Fisher relation is a combination of two independent relations: (i) a relation between luminosity and (luminous) mass, based mainly on the star formation history in galaxies, and (ii) a relation between mass and rotation velocity, which is the outcome of the process of galaxy formation. In addition to a `population-corrected` Tully-Fisher relation, one may also use the relation between mass and luminosity, and the relation between luminous mass and rotation velocity as distance estimators.


The 140‐nucleotide spliced leader (SL) RNA, involved in mRNA maturation in the African trypanosomes and in other kinetoplastida, is encoded by a tandem array of spliced leader genes. We show that the 1.4‐kb SL gene repeat unit in Trypanosoma gambiense is organized in tandem arrays confined to two large (minimum size 350‐450 kb) restriction fragments. SL genes in both arrays are interrupted by a total of eight conserved insertion elements. Cleavage of genomic DNA at restriction sites present within the insertion element but not in the SL gene repeat, releases variable numbers of SL genes from the tandem array. Since the insertion element contains a terminal poly(A) track of 36 bases and because a 49‐bp duplication of target DNA has occurred at the integration site, we conclude that it is a retroposon. This retropson is uniquely associated with the SL gene clusters. These retroposons presumably originated from a single insertion event after which their copy number increased, possibly through unequal sister chromatid exchange.


In July 1988, the State of Utah, Department of Solid and Hazardous Waste (DSHW) listed certain military chemical agents as hazardous waste, as well as residues resulting from the demilitarization, treatment, and testing of these chemicals. These materials are listed as hazardous waste in Utah, but are not listed as hazardous wastes under the Federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), the primary law governing management of hazardous waste in the United States. Pursuant to the 1984 Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) to RCRA, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established Land Disposal Restriction (LDR) treatment standards for most categories of hazardous wastes. However, considering that EPA has not listed chemical agent-associated wastes as hazardous waste under RCRA, LDR treatment standards have not been established specifically for these wastes. In February 1995, the DSHW announced a regulatory initiative to develop LDRs for chemical agent-associated wastes and solicited data and information from the U.S. Army to support a rulemaking effort. The Army`s Chemical and Biological Defense Command (CBDCOM) was designated the lead agency for the Army to assist the DSHW in developing the rule. CBDCOM established the U.S. Army Land Disposal Restrictions Utah Group (LDRUG) and initiated a project with Argonne National Laboratory to support the LDRUG. The focus is on providing the state with accurate and up-to-date data and information to support the rulemaking and the establishment of LDRs. The purpose of this paper is to review the general direction of the proposed rule and to discuss overall progress. Potential impacts of the imposition of LDRs on the management of agent-associated wastes are also reviewed.


Experiments were conducted to study the effects of design factors of clutch packs on drag torque. From the test results, the design factors with a large effect were facing area and wave height. At high rotational speeds,automatic transmission fluid (ATF) flow rates and the number of grooves also had a significant effect. At low rotational speeds, since drag torque increased linearly with increasing speed, the results were compared to calculated values using theoretical equations based on Newton's law of viscosity. Furthermore, it was confirmed through visualization experiments of ATF flow on the rotating facing surface that the ATF completely covered the surface at low rotational speeds and that air mixed with the ATF at high rotational speeds.


As environmental change and degradation accelerate, perturbing insect populations, we need to better understand the resource use dynamics of diverse wild pollinators. Most tropical trees are adapted for biotic pollination, yet we still know little about plant–pollinator interactions in African rainforests. We addressed this gap from a community perspective, identifying what floral traits – colour, scent, reward accessibility and visibility – structure visitation patterns among insect functional groups to tree species flowering in the understory of Korup National Park, Cameroon. To understand how visitor groups share resources, we used joint modelling that explicitly considers zero‐inflation in visitation rates and correlation among visitor groups. Most tree species had exposed floral rewards, and all were visited by multiple insect groups among which ants, bees, beetles, and flies were most abundant. Visitation rates varied more among tree species than among individual trees. Floral scent differences were important for structuring visits, particularly for flies, bees, and ants. Ant and bee visitation rates decreased while fly visits increased marginally throughout the season, correlated with the dry to wet season transition. Comparison with other lowland tropical understories suggests flies may be uniquely diverse and important to this system, and differences in seasonality and forest structure may be drivers of community differences. Floral scent is likely a key functional trait structuring flower–insect interactions in tropical forest environments and should be emphasised in future studies. Lastly, a joint modelling approach can elucidate community structure, particularly in communities with ecologically generalised interactions.


As people's life expectancies increase as a result of advancements in science, technology, and medical technology, humanity has entered a never-before-seen post-aged society. These social changes have resulted in a variety of social problems, including a decline in the labor force, an increase in medical costs for the elderly, an increase in elderly poverty, and an increase in criminal offenses among the elderly. Thus, in order to prevent and respond to the growing number of criminal offenses committed by the elderly, we propose the creation of jobs for the elderly to aid in their social integration. Second, a it is necessary to prepare spaces in order to preserve and strengthen social bonds among the elderly, as well as to establish a network based on the local community. Finally, an education program will need to be developed to teach the elderly how to control and suppress their emotions and anger on their own.


Gregor Benton's article "The 'Second Wang Ming Line' (1935–38)" is the first major attempt to explore the internal ideological debates in the CCP during the Second United Front Period, the complexities of which have long been overlooked by other historians. In line with the prevailing tendency among historians to look upon Wang Ming as a young, inexperienced and dogmatic theoretician, Benton elaborates and confirms the official Chinese Communist interpretation of Wang's "rightist opportunism" or "capitulationism" in relation to the Kuomintang (KMT). He further asserts that Wang was simply a spokes-man for the Comintern, who framed his policies with "one eye on Moscow's foreign policy needs." Proceeding on the assumption that Mao's internal statements do not provide conclusive evidence against Wang since the latter's secret reports are not available, he draws comparison between the public statements of Mao and Wang to support his view that fundamental and far-reaching conflicts existed between the two over various policy issues of the united front from 1935 onwards.


Etica Teologica Della Vita: Scrittura, Tradizione, Sfide Pratiche (Theological Ethics of Life: Scripture, Tradition, Practical Challenges) brings together the papers presented at an interdisciplinary study seminar organized by the Pontifical Academy for Life in October 2021. In this seminar, leading theologians and philosophers provided a series of substantive, targeted responses to a primary text (or testo base) that aimed to recast a "theological ethics of life" in light of Pope Francis's more recent doctrinal. This essay highlights highlight three hermenutical premises of the book, provides an overview of the volume itself, and offers some final considerations about its potential impact upon the current theological discussion on an ethics of life inspired by Christian anthropology.


Multiphysics analyses are proposed for studying the sound pressure level and total harmonic distortion in a balanced armature receiver by using the finite element method and boundary element method while considering the mechanical-acoustic coupling effect and electromagnetic-mechanical coupling effect. Three design variables of an electromagnetic circuit were selected to analyze the effects on the sound pressure level and total harmonic distortion, and the optimal design was identified by using the response surface methodology.


Abstract In optical recording system, the tracking control system must follow the track of optical disk against the influence on the track eccentricity and the force disturbance. This paper proposes a new robust following control system with the proposed feedforward controller and the proposed sudden disturbance observer. The proposed feedforward controller is based on "Zero Phase Error Tracking" (ZPET) control using only the tracking error. The experimental results point out that the proposed robust following control system suppresses the influence on both periodic disturbance and sudden disturbance. Hence, the proposed robust following control system realizes the desired precise tracking control performance against both disturbances using only tracking error.


The demand for higher performance arrays, coupled with recent advancements in vector sensor technology, has resulted in a surge in research on vector sensor based arrays in the past decade. In this paper, a new approach to vector sensor array processing is proposed. The method relies on extracting the so called 'acoustic modes' of the propagating wavefield using the spatial gradients of the field variables. These gradients are approximated with a finite difference scheme along a uniform linear array of vector sensors. The proposed method is evaluated through a series of numerical simulations. The resulting broadband beamformer is shown to have a directivity factor comparable to conventional beamformers with much larger apertures while providing all the advantages of acoustic vector sensors such as port-starboard discrimination. Owing to the sufficiency of shorter apertures and other potential operational advantages, the proposed method is suitable for use in short towed arrays with autonomous underwater p...


The utility model discloses an ECM (Electronically Commutated Motor) motor controller capable of adapting to different frequencies and different supply voltages, comprising a motor microprocessor, an inverter, a signal measurement and feedback circuit, and a power supply part; wherein the power supply part comprises a bus voltage power supply, a bus voltage power supply zero-cross detection circuit, a power supply microprocessor, a silicon controlled rectifier circuit, a silicon controlled drive circuit, and a bus voltage detection circuit; an input end of the silicon controlled rectifier circuit is connected with a three-phase AC (Alternating Current) input, an output end of the silicon controlled rectifier circuit forms a bus voltage, an input end of the bus voltage power supply zero-cross detection circuit is connected with he three-phase AC input, an output end of the bus voltage power supply zero-cross detection circuit is connected with the power supply microprocessor; the bus voltage detection circuit inputs a measured bus voltage signal into the power supply microprocessor, the power supply microprocessor outputs a signal to the silicon controlled drive circuit, and the silicon controlled drive circuit controls the silicon controlled rectifier circuit to work. The ECM motor controller of the utility model has strong universality, can reduce the model of a motor product of a motor manufacturer, can reduce research and development cost, and can shorten research and development cycle.


Aim: The aim of our study was to evaluate the results of nutritional treatment in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Material and methods: We analyzed the clinical course, duration of parenteral or enteral nutrition, period of hospitalization and complications. We analyzed the material of 32 patients treated for severe acute pancreatitis which required nutritional support. Results: All patients were qualified for nutritional treatment. In 4 patients enteral treatment was possible to introduce from the beginning of the disease. The remaining 28 patients required parenteral nutrition. Average time of nutritional intervention was 15.75 days (12-21 days) in the enteral vs. 16.23 days in the parenteral nutrition group. Average energy supplied in the enteral nutrition group was 18.3 kcal/kg body weight vs. 22.4 kcal/kg body weight in the parenteral nutrition group. Overall mortality rate was 9.6%. Average length of hospitalization was 21.3 days in the enteral nutrition group vs. 23.5 days in the parenteral nutrition group. Ten patients (31.2%) had complications that could have been side effects of nutritional treatment. Conclusions: In some cases of severe acute pancreatitis, parenteral nutrition remains the only way of feeding due to the serious condition of the patient and impossibility of introducing enteral feeding from the beginning of the disease. In some patients qualified as cases of severe acute pancreatitis it is possible to apply enteral nutrition, but under the condition that there is good access to the alimentary tract and that there are no disorders in the intestinal passage.


The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between perceived organizational support (POS), employee development and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) while considering the moderating effect of person–organization (P–O) on this association.,Using a stratified sampling technique, the data was collected from 331 employees working in different bank branches located in five metropolitan cities of Pakistan. To test the hypotheses, the structural equation modeling technique was applied using AMOS 21.0.,The results of the study strongly supported the relationship between POS, employee development and organizational commitment. However, an insignificant relationship was found between POS, employee development and OCB. The results also reported a significant relationship between organizational commitment and OCB. Moreover, the relationship between organizational commitment and OCB was found to be moderated by P–O fit.,The findings of the study can be useful for banking organizations and policymakers responsible for employee and organizational productivity. The findings of the study can also assist the organizational leaders in working on long-term employee support programs to maximize their commitment to the organization. The study also provides the scope and space for potential scholars and researchers for carrying out further research.,While there is extensive literature is available on POS, employee development and its impact on OCB. However, it appears that very little work has been done to examine the moderating role of the P–O fit in the relationship between organizational commitment and OCB. Therefore, this study can be considered as original and of great value in understanding its relationships between various constructs in the scenario of Pakistan.


According to the operation situation and the corrective maintenance process of 220kV transformers,a new failure and break down caused maintenance model was established based on the theory of Bayesian econometrics and the WinBUGS software,which can realize life cycle cost management of transformers.With full consideration of the uncertainty and the particularity of economic activities,the model could reflect the different process costs of 220kV transformers in the maintenance period reasonably.This model has been applied in a 220kV substation in Fujian Province,and the results verified its effectiveness and practical applicability.


Sclerotinia libertiana was found to hydroxylate 2β-position of some Δ4-3-oxosteroids. This microorganism was incubated with 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, 17α-hydroxydesoxycorticosterone (Reichstein's Substance S), and progesterone as a substrate, and the corresponding 2β-hydroxylated products were obtained. Some additional hydroxylated steroids were obtained and their structure was determined.


A simple and flexible technique for integrating metal micropatterns into glass microfluidic structures based on threedimensional femtosecond laser microfabrication is presented. Femtosecond laser direct writing followed by thermal treatment and successive chemical etching allows us to fabricate three-dimensional microfluidic structures such as microchannels and microreservoirs inside photosensitive glass. Then, the femtosecond laser direct-write ablation followed by electroless metal plating enables space-selective deposition of patterned metal films on desired locations of internal walls of the fabricated microfluidic structures. The developed technique is applied to integrate a metal microheater into a glass microchannel to control the temperature of liquid samples in the channel, which can be used as a microreactor for enhancement of chemical reactions.


The characteristics of seasonal changes in the mass fractions of organic carbon and total nitrogen at three different layers of soil in different Phyllostachys pubescens stands were studied by the orientation research method.The results showed that the mass fractions of soil organic carbon(12.9-38.9 g·kg~(-1)) in the reclaimed pure Phyllostachys pubescens stands in autumn and winter were higher than in spring and summer.The mass fractions of soil organic carbon(7.5-31.2 g·kg~(-1)) in the non-reclaimed pure Phyllostachys pubescens stands in spring and summer were higher than in autumn and winter.The mass fraction of soil organic carbon(7.5-40.2 g·kg~(-1)) in the Schima superba stands was highest in winter and lowest in spring,which was different from that in the pure Phyllostachys pubescens stands. The mass fraction of soil total nitrogen(0.8-2.4 g·kg~(-1))in reclaimed pure Phyllostachys pubescens stands was highest in summer and lowest in spring,that(1.3-3.0 g·kg~(-1))in the non-reclaimed pure Phyllostachys pubescens stands was highest in spring and lowest in autumn and that(0.9-3.2 g·kg~(-1)) in Schima superba stands was highest in summer and lowest in autumn.The C/N ratio in the reclaimed pure Phyllostachys pubescens stands was between 8.49-46.03,that in the non-reclaimed pure Phyllostachys pubescens stands was between 5.84-11.99,that in the Schima superba stands was between 3.43-15.02.The results of variance analysis showed that the mass fractions of soil total nitrogen were not significantly different in different stands, significantly different between spring and autumn,not significantly different between autumn and winter,much significantly different between the layers of 0 -10 cm and 30-50 cm,significantly different between the layers of 0-10 cm and 10-30 cm.The mass fractions of soil organic carbon were not significantly different in different seasons and different stands,much significantly different among the layers of 0-10 cm,10-30 cm and 30-50 cm.Therefore,the mass fractions of soil carbon and nitrogen in different stands were comparatively different in different seasons and different soil layers.


This paper proposes a network architecture and supporting optimization framework that allows Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to perform city-scale video monitoring of a set of Points of Interest (PoI). Our approach is systems-driven, relying on experimental studies to identify the permissible number of hops for multi-UAV video relaying in a noisy 3-D environment. Our architecture itself is innovative in the sense that it defines a mathematical framework for selecting the UAVs for periodic re-charging by landing on public transportation buses, and then 'riding' the bus to the successive chosen Pol. Specifically, we show that our UAV scheduler can be modeled as an instance of multicommodity flow problems, and mathematically solved through Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) techniques. Thus, our centralized formulation identifies the UAV, the next bus, and the next PoI, given the information about energy thresholds, the bus routes in the city and their next arrival times, to ensure persistent and reliable video coverage of all PoIs in the city. Finally, our work is validated via emulation of a city environment with live traffic updates from a real bus transportation network.


SBA-Pr-Is-TAP was synthesized via functionalization of SBA-15. The synthesized hybrid nanomaterial was characterized by various techniques including FT-IR, TGA, XRD, SEM, and BET. SBA-Pr-Is-TAP could precisely bind Fe3+ and Cr2O72− ions among a range of different species in aqueous media, consequently acting as a nanoporous chemosensor of Fe3+ and Cr2O72− ions. An excellent linear relation was observed between the nanoporous chemosensor and ion concentrations, with acceptable detection limits of 2.43 × 10−6 M and 3.96 × 10−7 M for Fe3+ and Cr2O72− ions respectively.


The dummy rounds protection scheme, intended to offer resistance against Side Channel Attacks to Feistel and SP ciphers, has been introduced in earlier work. Its experimental evaluation revealed weaknesses, most notably in the first and last round. In this contribution, we show that the situation can be greatly improved by controlling the transition probabilities in the state space of the algorithm. We derived necessary and sufficient conditions for the round execution probabilities to be uniform and hence the minimum possible. The optimum trajectories over the state space are regular and easy to implement.


Please cite this article as: Ferraro V., Braga da Cruz I., Ferreria Jorge R., Malcata F. X., Castro P. and Pintado M. E., (2010), Characterisation of Soluble Nitrogen and Muscle Proteins in Wastewater Throughout the Salting Process of Codfish (Gadus morhua), Chemical Engineering Transactions, 21, 829-834 0 DOI: 10.3303/CET1021139 Characterisation of Soluble Nitrogen and Muscle Proteins in Wastewater Throughout the Salting Process of Codfish (Gadus morhua)


Sulfuric acid functionalized magnetic nanocatalyst (SAMNC) has been prepared as an efficientacidic and applied in the one-pot preparation of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4 (1H) -one derivatives.This catalyst has been characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and VSM. According to the obtainedresults, including time, yield and recyclability, SAMNC could be considered as an efficient catalystfor organic transformations.


A new approach using Hurst exponent extracted from the texture of cutting surface was proposed to characterize the nature of the observable long-term-memory power system function of cutting process. Hurst exponent extraction algorithm was given. The cutting images were gotten from the experiment of tool wear monitoring system. Then the Hurst exponent is extracted from the images during the cutting process. Experiments show that the reduction of Hurst exponent reflected the tool wear process and the Hurst exponent can be a monitoring feature.


: Textile industries considerably contributes to water pollution of adjoining surface water bodies which in turn remarkably alters biological, chemical and physical nature of the water bodies. The analysis of the effluent was carried out by following the standard methods of APHA, 1998. The dyes were identified with the help of Gas Chromotography Mass spectroscopy (GS-MS). The objectives of present study were to assess the major physicochemical parameters like temperature, pH, color, DO, BOD, COD, alkalinity, chloride, hardness, nitrate, phosphate, TS, TDS of the effluents. The present investigation found high level of pollution in the city of Jaipur due to the cloth dyeing industry. The experimental data suggests a need to implement common objectives, compatible policies and programs for improvement in the industrial waste water treatment methods in the city. It also suggests a need of consistent, internationally recognized data driven strategy to assess the quality of waste water effluent and generation of international standards for evaluation of contamination levels. was used as a at a different dyes on the physicochemical parameters and the rate of 1mL min (68,947 Pa). The MS was taken at 70eV. variability among dyes and their potential use in Jaipur The identification of compounds was done by


In this paper, a novel low-complexity tree-search (TS) algorithm, which is referred to as a hierarchical tree search (HTS), is proposed for soft-output multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) detection to mitigate the performance loss caused by an early termination. The proposed HTS algorithm is realized by the following two components: the hierarchical set partitioning to find all hypotheses with reasonable quality as fast as possible and to fairly improve them and the new cost metric to determine the search order by considering the quality of the hypotheses found so far. Through simulation, it is shown that the performance-complexity tradeoff of the proposed HTS algorithm surpasses those of the existing algorithms in various MIMO configurations.


Isothermal uniaxial cyclic loading experiments have been conducted on specimens of the nickel-based superalloy IN100 at selected temperatures in the range 600–1000°C. Power-law stress—strain relations based on plastic strain (Ramberg-Osgood), total strain and their bilinear equivalents have been used to describe the behaviour. In addition, uniaxial thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) tests have been performed on tubular specimens of the material over the temperature range 650–1050°C. The aim of these tests was to model the response during thermal shock experiments involving rapid heating and cooling cycles between 200°C and 1100°C. Some transient tests have also been carried out on blade-shaped single-wedge specimens of IN 100 to simulate the type of thermal fatigue (TF) cycle experienced by turbine blades during service. A finite element sensitivity analysis has been undertaken to predict the results of both the TMF and TF tests using the two different bilinear descriptions of the isothermal cyclic stress-str...


The semi-infinite generalised Blume-Emery-Griffiths model of 3He-4He mixtures with a vector order parameter is analysed by means of Migdal-Kadanoff recursion relations. Superfluid film formation near the wall is put into evidence as a Kosterlitz-Thouless type transition. At higher 3H concentrations one observes the separation of a 4He rich normal film near the wall.


Objective: To investigate the expression of decoy receptor 3(DcR3) in salivary gland tumors and its clinicopathological significance.Methods: Immunohistochemstry and in situ hybridization were used to examine the expression of DcR3 in salivary gland tumors.The relationship between DcR3 expression and clinicopathological parameters of the tumors was analysed.Results: The expression of DcR3 was found mainly in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of salivary gland tumors and the corrugated tube and leap tube of normal salivary gland;its expression was higher in malignant salivary gland tumors than in benign tumors(P0.05),and that was related to malignant degree and nodal metastasis of malignant tumors(P0.05);the expression of DcR3 protein was significantly correlated with DcR3 mRNA in the tumors(P0.01).Conclusion: DcR3 may play a role in tumorigenesis and development of salivary gland tumors.


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Ian Reid, who died tragically early at the age of 53 on 15 June 2014, played a leading role in British, especially Scottish academic psychiatry for over two decades. His particular interest was in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which he regarded as a neglected, undervalued but


An experimental study was carried out to investigate the purification capacity for eutrophicated water with macrophytes.The results of the 60 days experiment showed that both submersed macrophytes(Hydrilla verticillata,Potamogeton malaianus and Vallisneria natans) and floating-leaved macrophytes(Nymphoides indica and Trapa quadrispinosa)had very high removal rates for TN,TP,NO_3~——N and PO_4~——P,and the values exceeded 60%,but Potamogeton malaianus and Vallisneria natans were most effective at removing nutrients,and the removal rates were above 80%.


In 1997, researchers discovered that yeast cells, despite being single-cell eukaryotes, undergo apoptosis. As in multicellular organisms, programmed cell death in yeast is carried out by certain proteases called caspases. In yeast, there is one metacaspase called Yca1, which cuts its substrates after arginine and lysine residues. This metacaspase plays an important role in regulating apoptosis. However, its structure and functional mechanisms are largely unknown. In this Paper of the Week, a team led by Yigong Shi at Tsinghua University in China describes the crystal structure of the protein at 1.7 Å resolution and some of its biochemical properties. The protein has the canonical caspase-like fold, but unlike other caspases that dimerize, Yca1 exists as a monomer in both solution and crystals. The protein appears to be activated by calcium ions. The investigators conclude, "Our structural and biochemical characterization identifies Yca1 as a Ca -activated cysteine protease that may cleave specific substrates during stress response in yeast."


Abstract We are simulating the dynamic response of surface stabilised antiferroelectric liquid crystal displays, based on a one-dimensional approach. This leads to more detailed modelling than before1. The evolution of director profiles and the resulting optical transmission under applied voltages are studied. The different switching modes between the alternating state and the two uniform states, observed in antiferroelectric test cells, can be understood fairly well. The model incorporates a chevron geometry. The different terms in the bulk energy function can be rationally interpreted. The alignment layers are modelled by a polar and a non-polar surface energy term. The influence of parameters, such as the antiferroelectric coupling parameter, the polar and non-polar anchoring strength, the elastic constant etc. are discussed.


This article analyzes the role of intelligence quotient and emotional quotient in the growth of college students from the perspective of psychology and sociology. In order to cope with the challenges of global economic integration, artificial intelligence, and big data wave, university students should enhance their learning ability by cultivating intelligence quotient, improve their interpersonal relationship processing ability by cultivating emotional intelligence, and therefore improve their professional quality and employment competitiveness.


Using two order tensors, we propose a mean-field model to describe the uniaxial and biaxial phases of nematogenic molecules presenting a shape dispersion of their biaxial dielectric susceptibility. We recover the classical isotropic-uniaxial-biaxial sequence of phases. The phase diagram exhibits a tricritical point, a feature that cannot be retraced in the other mean-field models established for molecules without shape dispersion.


The paper focuses on the correlation between the concepts "Intelligentsia" and "Intellectuals" for the British English linguo-cultural community. It presents the background on the subject from different angles of study, how the correlation between the concepts is viewed by philosophers, historians, sociologists. The purpose of the study is to research how the correlation between the two concepts is reflected in the language, by analyzing the component structures of the lexical meanings of the synonymous lexemes that name the concepts, using the method of componential analysis. The study results show that this reflection can also be viewed by investigating the contexts from the British National Corpus, by means of contrasting the sets of prepositional attributive collocates for the lexemes "Intelligentsia" and "Intellectuals". The findings of the conducted corpus-based research reveal a tendency to specialized use of attributive collocates for the lexemes under study.


Based on input from four focus groups the authors developed a culturally and linguistically appropriate material (CLAM) that used a pictorial format to promote breast feeding and age-appropriate introduction of solids for Hispanics/Latinos that attended a public health clinic in the northeast region of Florida. The handout focused on five key, but simple educational messages. Clients were randomly assigned to receive 1) the physician's usual oral instruction or 2) instruction that incorporated the use, and provision of, the handout. Among the group (n=12) that received the handout the mean month for introduction of solids was 5 months compared to 4.07 months for the group (n=16) that did not receive the handout. The preliminary data suggest positive outcomes, but a more rigorous methodology and larger study sample will be needed to determine overall effectiveness of this educational material. Florida Public Health Review, 2008; 5, 93-95. Introduction Healthy infant feeding practices have a positive impact on children's health outcomes (Lenderman et al., 2004). Promoting proper infant feeding practices addresses two of the major goals of Healthy People 2010 (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [DHHS], 2005a) as well as several of the 40 objectives related to infant health. Using American Academy of Pediatrics policies on infant feeding practices and input from a total of four focus groups the authors developed a culturally and linguistically appropriate material (CLAM) that used a pictorial format to promote breastfeeding and age-appropriate introduction of solids for Hispanics/Latinos with limited English proficiency (LEP) and low level of literacy (American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition, 2001; American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Breastfeeding, 2005; Kimbrough, 2007; American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition, 2004; DHHS, 2005a; 2005b). Target Population The target population for the project was Spanishspeaking parents with children less than one year of age attending a public health clinic in Northeast Florida. Approximately 75% of the Spanish-speaking patients seen at the clinic are from Mexico. The remaining 25% are rather evenly distributed between Honduras, Ecuador, Columbia, Peru, Venezuela, Guatemala and Puerto Rico. Focus groups were conducted by facilitators fluent in Spanish and sensitive to issues related to dialectical and other Spanish language differences and no Spanish dialect related issues were detected during the focus group discussions. In that the handout is totally pictorial, the issue of language and dialects is not an issue, and one of the advantages of the handout. Goals and Objectives Pediatricians at a public health clinic that serves a Latino/Hispanic population observed five major problems that became the basis for developing a lowliteracy handout that focused on five educational messages: 1) breastfeed until the first birthday; 2) delay the introduction of solid foods until between four and six months of age, and spoon-feed, rather than bottle-feed; 3) serve fruits and vegetables and avoid sugary fluids and adding sugar to foods and fruit juices; 4) introduce water in a cup at five or six months of age; and 5) if bottle-feeding, replace the bottle with a cup at one year of age. Although there are varied materials available through the WIC Loving Support Makes Breastfeeding WorkTM Campaign, which was part of a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service and Best Start Social Marketing, Inc. (U.S. Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service, 1996), the center needed to develop a handout that was unique


Abstract : This paper studies alternate ways to model density discontinuity in split-step Fourier parabolic equation models. The Monterey-Miami Parabolic Equation model is used to implement an alternative to the effective index term in the smoothing function and a split-step Fourier/Finite Difference hybrid technique. The model is shown to converge to a stable solution that is slightly lower than the benchmark solution. A range step size of approximately one wavelength is shown to provide the closest approximation to the benchmark solution. Acceptable solutions are obtained with large depth grid sizes for the alternate smoothing function. Smaller depth grid sizes are necessary for accurate solutions when using the hybrid implementation technique. The effect of reference sound speed is shown to minimize the phase error present when the models are used in the presence of a strong density discontinuity.


The Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus) is a common woodpecker whose range includes nearly all of the continental United States, and extends into Canada, Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies. Short (1965) recognized 15 subspecies which he divided into five subspecies "groups": C. a. auratus (the Yellow-shafted Flicker of eastern North America), C. a. cafer (the Redshafted Flicker of western North America), C. a. chrysoides (the Gilded Flicker of the southwestern deserts), C. a. chrysocaulosus (Cuba and Grand Cayman), and C. a. mexicanoides (highland southern Mexico to Nicaragua; Short 1965, 1982). Although presently considered subspecies groups (American Omrnithologists' Union 1983), the Red-shafted, Yellow-shafted, and Gilded Flickers are so distinct in plumage and size that they were formerly considered species (American Omrnithologists' Union 1957). A hybrid zone between the Redand Yellow-shafted groups occurs where the ranges of the two come into contact (Short 1965, Moore and Buchanan 1985). The hybrid zone existed when explorers of European ancestry reached the Great Plains (see June, 1843 entry in the journal of Edward Harris, McDermott 1951), and it has been historically stable (Moore and Buchanan 1985). The origin of the hybrid zone is not fully resolved, and it may be that segments of it arose at different times under different circumstances (see Short 1965; Moore and Buchanan 1985; and Moore and Price, in press, for discussion). It is probable that major portions of the present hybrid zone formed at the end of the Wisconsin Glacial Advance or during the Holocene Altithermal, at the latest. The hybrid zone extends the length of the western Great Plains, from northwestern Texas to southern Alaska (Short 1965; Moore and Buchanan 1985; Moore and Price, in press). No evidence of assortative mating between the subspecies groups has been found (Bock 1971, Moore 1987). Previous allozyme surveys (Grudzien and Moore 1986, Grudzien et al. 1987) indicated that there is little if any genic population structure corresponding with features of the flicker hybrid zone and that gene flow across the zone and between the subspecies groups is high. In contrast, a recent mitochrondrial DNA (mtDNA) survey of the three subspecies groups (Moore et al. 1991) indicated that there is a significant geographic structure in mtDNA, not associated with the hybrid zone, that involves divergence of populations in the southwest from northern and eastern populations.


Assessing the clean‐water oxygen‐transfer characteristics of aeration devices is a critical step in the design and operation of aeration systems for activated‐sludge processes. A fundamental model has been developed for assessing the clean‐water oxygen‐transfer characteristics of fine‐bubble (fine‐pore) aeration devices. This model is based on a proposed fundamental parameter, energy intensity (EI; kW/m3), which is the energy required to deliver air to the aerated volume per unit of aerated volume. The standard oxygen transfer rate (SOTR, g/m3 · s) is shown to be related to EI through a second‐degree equation: SOTR = −11.5 EI2 + 2.27 EI (r2 = 0.951). The model applies over a wide range of diffuser types, diffuser densities, tank dimensions, and specific air flows. The results suggest that opportunities for increasing oxygen‐transfer efficiencies of fine‐bubble aeration systems remain, particularly by reducing mean bubble sizes and reducing EI requirements.


In a general simulation of random walking (with the angle of motion picked uniformly), it can be seen that the probability of crossing a WiFi TX-RX link is directly proportional to the per-step distance and inversely proportional to the lateral dimension of the room. The asymptotic value of the said crossing probability is derived using Perron-Frobenius theory to determine the limit distribution of the said Markov model. Surprisingly, we can establish a bijection to a scenario explored nearly 300 years ago by Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon to get the result. Furthermore we can use the generalizations of the latter problem to ascertain some interesting observations about the original one.


We provide a new method to derive the state price density per unit probability based on option prices and GARCH model. We derive the risk neutral distribution using the result in Breeden and Litzenberger (1978) and the historical density adapting the GARCH model of Barone-Adesi, Engle, and Mancini (2008). We take the ratio of these two probabilities in order to describe the shape of the state price density and to evaluate its consistency with economic theory. We find that using a large dataset and introducing non-Gaussian innovations, the pricing kernel puzzle that arises in Jackwerth (2000) disappears both in a single day and over an average of different days with options expiring at the same maturity. We also evaluate the price kernel at the onset of the recent crisis.


ABSTRACT The electrocoagulation process using hybrid aluminum-iron electrode was used for the removal of arsenic and fluoride from water. The operation parameters; current density, initial pH, treatment time, initial concentration of arsenic and fluoride were optimized using the Box Behnken Design. The R2 values for arsenic and fluoride removal were 0.83 and 0.96, respectively ensure a satisfactory of a developed quadratic model. At the optimized operation parameter of 9.90 mAcm−2, pH 7.5; the Al-Fe EC reduced 16 mg/L and arsenic 200 µg/L to 1.12 mg/L and 9.60 µg/L, respectively in 50 minutes with an operating cost estimated to 0.99 $/m3.


Foreign bodies commonly enter the tracheobronchial tree in young children less than three years of age as a result of incomplete laryngeal closure and insufficient swallowing reflexes. A 1- and 10-month year old female child patient presented with difficulty breathing, periorbital, facial and neck swelling for 2 hours duration. Chest X-ray was done and shown massive subcutaneous emphysema from lower face to abdomen. A foreign body bronchus can manifest as subcutaneous emphysema; this condition should be considered, even if no history suggested foreign body aspiration has been reported.


Object-oriented design language research has suggested some basic concepts that object-oriented programming and languages should support. These are: (1) information hiding, (2) data abstraction, (3) dynamic binding, and (4) inheritance. Object-oriented languages are receiving extensive use in artificial intelligence. Although the Ada language possesses the information hiding and data abstraction concepts, it does not possess the dynamic binding and inheritance concepts. These and other limiting factors in developing AI software using object-oriented methods are discussed in this paper. Object-oriented design is becoming an important method for establishing database and knowledge base systems software as productivity issues rely more on tools for reconfiguring existing software and rapidly prototyping software under development. We present some features of objectoriented design pertaining to the development of such databases and knowledge bases including data modeling, data sublanguages, and distribution techniques.


Abstract In this study a spectrofluorimetric method was developed to determine drug active compound in the tablets for albendazole (ABZ). For this aim, fluorescence spectra of albendazolee drug active compound in various solvents were taken, it was determined that the most suitable solvent was chloroform and excitation (λex) and emission (λem) wavelength in a row was 360 nm and 440 nm in this solvent. Calibration graphics were drawn and shown linear at 0–2.5 mg/l concentration range (R2=0.9993). Albendazole quantity in the andazol tablets was determined from directly calibration graphs and with standard addition method. Results obtained with developed spectrofluorimetric method were compared with standard USP method and it was found no difference between two methods within 95% confidence limits. It was determined that proposed method was easy and highly accuracy method to be able to use in routine albendazole analyze for the quality control.


Everything has techniques,graphic design is not exceptional either.Successful designers inevitably have their unique design methods.For symbolic design is one way very important recently,the study of this type of design method has far-reaching significance.Based on the symbols,graphic design method and symbols of the plane design as the main line,this paper will expounds the significance of symbolic design method of design.


The materials with similar and dissimilar qualities are joined effectively in their solid-state by Friction Stir Welding (FSW). FSW eliminates the conventional problems and produces crack-free and completely solidified joints. In recent years the commercialization of FSW is focused on metals like Fe and Al-based alloys. However, to commercializesuch a process numerous research studies are required to characterize and establish process windows. FSW process is suitable for joining the different materials having different mechanical and chemical properties and for different material structures. In general, aerospace applications require hybrid metal joins to offer high strength – high ductile properties by joining varied metal alloys. FSW is the feasible way to join such metals to get high properties. This review mainly provides the feasibility ofthe FSW technique to join the different materials/alloys.


Abstract : Construction of simple sampling devices is illustrated for quantitatively removing small samples of material from aerosol spray cans and a technique is described for the rapid determination of nonvolatile content. A satisfactory method for this purpose has not been previously available.


In a recent experiment [Matsuda et al, Science 370, 1324 (2020)], a quasi two-dimensional (2D), long-lived and strongly interacting diatomic polar molecular gas was successfully prepared via controllable electric field technique. Surprisingly, the effective repulsive and attractive Van der Waals interactions of two molecules would emerge when scanning the strength of the electric fields. Those results were also generalized to the three-dimensional (3D) case in a later experiment [J. Li et al, Nature Physics 17, 1144 (2021)]. Motivated by these experiments, in this paper we provide the two-body exact solutions for the 2D and 3D Schrödinger equation with isotropic Van der Waals potentials (±1/r). Furthermore, base on these exact solutions, we build the analytical quantum defect theory (QDT) for quasi-2D and 3D geometries, and then apply QDT to study the scattering properties and bound states of two ultracold polar molecules confined in quasi-2D and 3D geometries. Interestingly, we find that for the attractive (repulsive) Van der Waals potential cases, the two-body short range potential can be approximated by an square barrier with infinity height (square potential with finite depth) which yields the wide (narrow) and dense (dilute) resonances of the quantum defect parameter. For the quasi-2D attractive case, the scattering resonances of different partial waves can orderly happen which is featured by the phase jumps when varying the scattering energy. The analytical expansions in the low energy limit shows a consistent agreement to the numerical results.


An efficient method for the formal anti-Markovnikov hydration of 1,1-disubstituted alkenes has been developed. The utility of the process has been demonstrated by conversion of bio-derived butene oligomers into primary alcohols through initial oxidation to vicinal acetoxy-alcohols, diols, or diacetates, followed by selective dehydration/tautomerization of the diols, and hydrogenation of the intermediary aldehydes. This approach allows for the isolation of important industrial plasticizer alcohols from a renewable source. In a broader context, this pathway, which can be conducted with sustainable, conventional reagents under mild conditions, represents a unique alternative to hydroboration for a challenging subset of hindered olefins.


Abstract : The gravitational deposition of axisymmetrical elongated particles from a laminar flow was studied theoretically and checked experimentally. The rotation of the particles due to the velocity gradients was taken into account. The dependence of the sedimentation characteristics on the initial conditions of motion, the geometric dimensions of the particles and the flow, was investigated. It has been found that the Stokes (or Aerodynamic) Diameter of the particles is not an inherent property but rather a function of the velocity gradients within the flow. This is thought to be significant for the size assessment of nonspherical aerosol particles and its interpretation. (Author)


For public good, most of urban transit enterprises usually run in the red. Under the policy of fiscal subsidies, the subsidies to public transport bear heavily on government. However, these heavy subsidies could not work well under active subsidies mechanism. Several active ways of fiscal subsidies are illustrated, with detailed analysis and contrasts between their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, how to build a more reasonable subsidy-mechanism is discussed.


The determination of lead in plastic-floor was made by FAAS.On the basis of optimum conditions, the effect of pH and coexisted ions on absorbency was researched.The result shows that the linear range of lead was 0~120 μg/mL,the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.9988 and the linear relation is good in a solution of pH=3.The RSD of samples determined was in the range of 1.14%~2.52% and the recovery was 99.23%~104.90%.This method has been applied to the determination of lead in samples with satisfactory results.


A simulation work utilizing a rice growth process model is used to assess the risk associated with a farmer's decision regarding the impact of future climatic change on the irrigation water application. The simulation is applied to a major US rice variety, Starbonnet, and the weather and soil conditions of the Mississippi river farm lands. The model in the study is named RICEMOD-300 as a state-of-the-art dynamic crop physiological model in order to assess the agro-economic impact of climatic change for rice growth based on RICEMOD, which has been developed by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and the Blackland Research Institute of Texas A&M University. The expanded inputs of the model include all relevant daily meteorological data, soil moisture, genetics and geographical farm conditions. For the simulation, five flood irrigation levels are applied to a climatic-water-balance method. The total amount of water applied within range from 990 ㎜ to 1500 ㎜ during the rice-growing period, and the resulting rice yield, ranging from 450 to 850 g/㎡, is compared with the farm yield. The yield responses to the climatic change are addressed to temperature, precipitation, and evaporation of the doubling CO₂ climate scenarios in which GISS GCM generated for the southern US rice areas. By using two risk analytical procedures, mean variance analysis and stochastic dominance analysis, the highest profit is found at the yield range centered on 600 g/㎡ using an intermediate irrigation level of 758 ㎜ during the rice-growing season. One potential income benefit of the doubling CO₂ climate change is evaluated by a risk analysis based on the irrigation treatments.


Stress corrosion crack(SCC) has a complex micro-structure similar with bifurcated tree branches and its non-destructive quantitative evaluation is difficult.In this paper,reconstruction schemes based on artificial neural networks(ANN) and support vector machine(SVM) are proposed based on a conductive crack model.ECT signals from a pancake coil probe scanned just over the crack are taken as the source signals for the crack reconstruction.A lot of sample ECT signals are generated using a FEM-BEM hybrid code as data sets for ANN and SVM training.Special ways for crack parameterization and signal feature extraction are introduced to improve the reconstruction precision.The numerical results show that the SVM method has a better performance than the neural network approach in the reconstruction of SCC for noise polluted signals.


OBJECTIVE To know about the urogenital tract caused by Mycoplasma and Chlamydia and their variation by sex and age as well as their antibiotic susceptibility. METHODS Mycoplasma and Chlamydia were isolated and their antibiotic susceptibility was detected by IST2 kits from France. RESULTS Among the 1 026 samples,816 were positive(79.53%),which were composed by Chlamydia trachomatis(CT) 15.46%, Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu) 48.83%, and Mycoplasma hominis(MH) 11.90%; females were more apt to be infected according to the statistics(P 0.01). Young people with the age from 20 to 40 were the highest group of infection(57.60%). Sensitive antibiotics to Mycoplasma and Chlamydia were doxycycline, pristinamycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, etc. CONCLUSIONS Uu is a common pathogen resulting in urogenital tract infection. Disk susceptibility test can be used to screen the susceptible antibiotics and give doctors guidance.


CH. G. DE BOROVICZ~NY: Erythrocytometric Methods and their Standardization, Transactions of the Standardizing Commitee and Proceedings of Symposium X V I Z of the Ninth Congress of the European Society of Hematology, Lisbon 1963. Bibliotheca Haematologica, Fasc. 18. S. Karger, Basel/New York 1964. VI + 124 p., 24 fig., 23 tab. sFr./DM 19.-. Measurements on the red cells was the subject of a symposium during the 9th Congress of the European Society of Haematology. There were papers on the red cell count by electronic counters and on the determination of mean cell diamer; a valuable contribution was Kleine's paper on the packed cell volume and its electrical resistance as a measure for trapped plasma from which the optimal time and g of centrifuging can be found. The main theme was, however, standardization of methods specially for haemoglobinometry. Contributions of REMMER, REIMER, VAN KAMPEN and ZIJLSTRA on the haemiglobin cyanide method, of PAUL BLEVIN and WOOTTON and VAN KAMPEN and ZIJLSTRA on the molecular extinction coefficient of haemiglobin cyanide and of BRAUNITZER on the molecular weight of haemoglobin covered this field. The contributions of HOLTZ on Dutch haematological trials, od COSTER on international ones and of SPAANDER on standardization of methods stressed the point that for practical purposes the determination of haemoglobin is most frequently performed, yet showes deviations outranging a statistically acceptable error, partly due to differences in reference standards used. As an outcome of this symposium the European Society for Haematology has founded a committee for standardization. This committee-as its first activitymade some recommendations on haemoglobinometry as an outcome of the discussions in the symposium, which are published in this book. The main recommendations are: to found in every country a standardizing committee; to use the haemiglobin cyanide method as method of choice; to accept as molecular value of haemiglobin 64458, as iron content 0.347% and as extinction coefficient 11.0. The initiative for a symposium on this subject and the emergence of the standardizing are to be warmly wellcomed. The presentation by the editor (BOROVICZ~NY) is well done. Dr. Jan Spander, Utrecht


Yet such is the bitter specimen of the fruit of that ambitious system which has of late years been making way among us: for its result on ordinary minds, and on the common run of students, is less satisfactory still; they leave their place of education simply dissipated and relaxed by the multiplicity of subjects, which they have never really mastered, and so shallow as not even to know their shallowness.— John Henry Newman, The Idea of a University (1852)


The authors have studied and classified the soils of the nine phytosociological elements described in a previous article (Lamoureux, G., and M. M. Grandtner. 1977. Contribution a l'etude ecologique des dunes mobiles. I. Les elements phytosociologiques. Can. J. Bot. 55: 158–171). The results of the physicochemical analysis have been used to compare the soils of the different phytosociological elements statistically to characterize them and to find the factors which determine the distribution of the phytosociological elements on the mobile dune with ammophila. A number of pedogenetic trends could be recognized, but at the soil level, the passage from one phytosociological element to another is little marked.


The paper,based on the actual problems of WEDM-HS,analyzes the ways to optimize the wire breaking,points out the main causes as well as the corresponding measures to solve and designs a new device to test the minor adjustment of molybdenum wire and puts forward ways to prevent the wire breaking.


According to the present situation which the condition of our living environment irregularly damaged by the natural force,in order to minimize the damage,it researched on the vision guidance system to the face of disaster emergency rescue and the provision of help,and the scientific rationality of orderly rescue system,deeply studied the applicable method of visual recognition system for emergency link in.It advocated that the prepare emergency rescue norms should be widely used in our daily life and created more opportunities to cherish every moment of our lives.


The potentials of steel, aluminum, brass and copper rods overcoated with various paints were measured in sea-water over a period of time. The potentials obtained in all cases were determined by the substrate metal rather than the paint coating used. It is concluded that essentially one is measuring the potential of bare local anodes. The potential-time curves on copper, brass and aluminum have the same characteristics as those on steel.


At present, there are a great lot of paroxysmal text in the network, so personal pronoun anaphora resolution will help achieve web page information processing. According to the feature of Chinese personal pronoun in the paroxysmal text of the Chinese web, we present an approach of anaphora resolution, which is based on corpus adopting the maximum entropy. This approach may effectively balance all features and achieves an F-measure score of 74.2 % on the anaphora resolution task corpus.


Two types of the law of iterated logarithm (LIL) and one functional LIL (FLIL) are established for the sojourn time process for a multiclass queueing model, having a priority service discipline, one server and $K$ customer classes, with each class characterized by a batch renewal arrival process and independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) service times. The LIL and FLIL limits quantify the magnitude of asymptotic stochastic fluctuations of the sojourn time process compensated by its deterministic fluid limits in two forms: the numerical and functional. The LIL and FLIL limits are established in three cases: underloaded, critically loaded and overloaded, defined by the traffic intensity. We prove the results by a approach based on strong approximation, which approximates discrete performance processes with reflected Brownian motions. We conduct numerical examples to provide insights on these LIL results.


Scene examination,evidence collection and evidence examination are the recognition of narcotics-robbed cases' means and aims,and they are the keys to the smooth conducting of placing cases on file,investigation,settling cases and litigation.


Digita online was (and still is) a collection of resources which aimed to examine ways in which moving image technology was being used on the Internet. It consisted of a general collection of Quicktime, AVI and MPEG movies, a serialised web movie titled Beyond, an extensive listing of sites relating to moving image technology on the web and links to what we chose to call 'internet verite' - the use of live camera to document events at a set location. The eclectic nature of Digita online reflected the multifarious uses being made of the moving image, particularly in WWW pages, or rather screens.


Embodiments of the invention provide a method, equipment and system for updating configurations of clients in distributed high-speed cache systems, relates to the technical field of information, and aims at improving the client configuration updating efficiency and ensuring the updating timeliness. The method comprises the following steps: firstly configuring configuration identification information in a client by a configuration center server to ensure that the client acquires configuration information corresponding to the configuration identification information from the configuration center server and is connected with a service node indicated in the configuration information; judging whether the configuration information is updated, and if the configuration information is updated, sending the updated configuration information to the client to ensure that the client is connected with the service node indicated in the updated configuration information. The method, equipment and system provided by the invention are suitable for updating the configurations of clients in distributed high-speed cache systems.


. The objective of this work is to describe some numerical tools developed to perform the thermoelectric simulation of electric machines. From the electromagnetic point of view, we will focus on the computation of nonlinear 2D transient magnetic fields where the data concerning the electric current sources involve potential drops excitations. From the thermal point of view, once the electromagnetic losses are known, we will show an application of a Galerkin lumped parameter method (GLPM) to simulate the thermal behavior of an electric motor. The proposed methods are applied to the simulation of a permanent magnet synchronous electric motor.


Classification of movie review belongs to the domain of text classification, particularly in the field of sentiment analysis. Popular text classification methods for the process include Support Vector Maching (SVM) and Naïve Bayes. Both methods are known to have good performance in handling text classification individually separately. Combination of the two may be expected to improve the classification performance compared to the performance of each individual method. This paper reports an effort to classify movie review using the combined method of SVM with Naïve Bayes as the weighting factor, which is commonly called NBSVM. Our work shows that higher accuracy is obtained when classification is done using NBSVM rather than using individual methods. Accuracy at the level of 88.8% is attained when using the combined feature of unigram and bigram with only data cleansing in the pre-processing stage.


ABSTRACT For over fifteen years, Spain has seen the promulgation of feminist-inspired legal frameworks to combat male violence against women and, as a result, Spanish law contains a variety of mechanisms that target male violence. However, the parallel dissemination of the pseudo-scientific concept of Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS), especially since 2004, has become a tool to stall the enforcement of gender equality legislation. Specifically, PAS is causing severe harm in legal procedures related to marital breakdown. Both the government and the General Council of the Judiciary have taken a stand against the deployment of PAS in the legal system, but the notion of parental alienation is still widely used in family courts. This article analyses the contemporary significance of PAS in Spain. It grounds itself in an examination of key government reports and legal cases, and draws on qualitative survey data from interviews with 20 women who have been either formally accused, or threatened with accusations of parental alienation.


Gait impairment is common in neurodegenerative disorders. Specifically, gait variability—the stride‐to‐stride fluctuations in distance and time—has been associated with neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. However, quantitative comparisons of gait impairments across the cognitive spectrum of dementias have not been systematically investigated.


Published prediction equations for carcass lean mass are widely used by commercial pork producers for carcass valuation. These regression equations have been derived under the assumption that the predictors, such as back fat depth, are measured without error. In practice, however, it is known that these measurements are imperfect, with a variance that is proportional to the mean. In this paper, we consider both a linear and quadratic true relationship and compare regression fits among two methods that account for this error versus simply ignoring the additional error. We show that biased estimates of the relationship result if measurement error is ignored. Between our version of regression calibration and a Bayesian model approach, the Bayesian inference approach produced the least biased predictions. The benefits of our Bayesian approach also increased with an increase in the measurement error. Annual Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture Kansas State University New Prairie Press http://newprairiepress.org/agstatconference/2014/proceedings/6 115 New Prairie Press https://newprairiepress.org/agstatconference/2014/proceedings/9


Neurosurgical patients are at high risk of venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) but are poor candidates for antithrombotic drugs for fear of intracranial bleeding. Turpie et al. found external pneumatic compression of the legs (EPC) for five days prevented DVT while applied, but 10 days later EPC group and controls were not different. We compared EPC with inflatable boots vs.. untreated controls in 94 patients with trauma or operations of central nervous system or ruptured intracranial aneurysm, continuing EPC throughout period of bedrest (up to 17 days). Diagnosis of DVT was by 125I-fibrinogen scan confirmed by phlebography in cases with positive scans. Results (Table) showed EPC gave significant protection against DVT in neurosurgical patients. There were no complications of EPC. There were no pulmonary emboli, even in the control group, so surveillance by 125I-fibrinogen scan may help to prevent PE.


The internationalization of the Liberian conflict is owed mainly to two factors. The first is the beleaguered attempt by Liberia's neighbours, acting under the aegis of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), to prevent the regional spread of the conflict through direct political and military intervention.1 The second was the decision by the United Nations (UN), following the euphoric reception of An Agenda for Peace in 1992, to demonstrate global support for 'the efforts of the people of Liberia to establish peace in their country'2 Thus internationalized, the Liberian conflict set the stage for an experiment in international politics. For the first time ever, 'the United Nations would undertake a major peacekeeping operation with another organization, in this case a sub-regional organization.'3 The Liberian case provides a useful empirical basis for evaluating the idea of task-sharing between the United Nations and regional arrangements — and by extension with the non-governmental organizations (NGOs) discussed later in this volume — in accordance with the spirit of Article 33 of the UN Charter. Accordingly, this essay evaluates the effectiveness of the ECOWAS-UN partnership in responding adequately to the conflict in Liberia by answering three critical questions: What led to the ECOWAS-UN partnership in Liberia? What was the nature of this partnership? What lessons may be drawn from this pioneering partnership?


This document gives an overview of the R package tweeDEseq, which provides statistical procedures for testing differential expression in RNA-seq count data. In fact, these procedures could be applied, in principle, to any kind of count data, other than RNA-seq. The tweeDEseq package offers a function for normalizing count data which actually calls other functions for that purpose from the edgeR package. For this reason, it is necessary to have installed the edgeR package as well, although it is not necessary to explicitly load it onto the session. Another package necessary for running this vignette is the tweeDEseqCountData package which contains data to illustrate the analyses and which is employed in the article introducing tweeDEseq by Esnaola et al. (2011). Therefore, we should start the R session with loading these libraries as follows:


Knowledge of node locations is desired in many types of wireless sensor network (WSN) technologies. Cooperative localization has been proved to provide self-calibration in the WSN even in presence of sparse reference nodes and noisy range estimates, as it relies on redundancy exploiting all the available inter-node measurements. In this paper we consider cooperative localization based on time-of-arrival (TOA) inter-node ranging. We analyze the Cramer-Rao bound on the positioning accuracy for one/two dimensional regular network topologies. The aim is to obtain some understanding of the behavior of localization accuracy for varying system settings, as a base for future evaluations of more realistic random network deployments.


Rehabilitation for stroke patients with postural instability or balance disorders can be enhanced using game-based rehabilitative strategies. Our work explored the potential of commercially available haptic devices for a home rehabilitation system. One group of participants used a low-cost device (Falcon) while another group used a high-end device (Omega). Both groups performed various tasks with the haptic device, with the eyes either closed or open. Results showed that participants interacted somewhat differently with the two devices, although the analysis of the center of pressure showed qualitatively similar balance performance for the two groups. Light touch task increased the stability, whereas the force tasks decreased it. This study showed that a low-cost haptic device can affect postural stability in a controllable way.


Objective To analyze the impact of early massage intervention on the development of the nervous system of preterm low-birth-weight infants.Methods Hospitalized low-birth-weight infants were selected in our hospital from March 2010 to December 2011.The 70 cases were randomly divided into 35 cases of the massage intervention and 35 cases of control groups.Control infants received conventional treatment and care,but not the intervention of the nervous system.The newborn massage intervention group received conventional treatment and care on the basis of 24 hours of birth plus massage intervention.These preterm/ low-birth-weight infants were compared 28 days after the birth with neonatal behavioral neurological assessment(NBNA).Results The massage intervention group showed the better rattle response,audio-visual orienting response,popliteal angle,scarf signs,and other 16 ratings scores as compared to the control group(P0.05).The overal average score of NBNA in the massage intervention group was significantly higher(P0.05).Conclusions Early massage intervention can promote preterm / low-birth-weight infants to develop nervous system,and improve their quality of life in the future.


Individuals and business firms in the United States have a significant amount of latitude in selecting financial institutions that will meet their needs for depository services. The choice may be made from any of the more than 14,000 commercial banks located in the 50 states, although in practice, most small account owners limit themselves to locally available alternatives. In addition, depository services are provided by approximately 5,000 savings and loan associations, more than 475 mutual savings banks, and more than 22,000 credit unions. While certain economic factors—such as transactions cost and travel time needed to conduct business—and noneconomic considerations—such as convenience of location—tend to influence the private sector's selection of alternative financial institutions, there are few legal barriers that have a direct impact upon the depository selection process. The one important legal barrier that limits the choice is that nonbank financial institutions are prohibited in most states from offering demand deposit services. On the other hand, state and local governments, in selecting institutions that will meet their needs for depository services, are subject to specific statutory and constitutional restrictions tending to limit their alternatives, usually as to type and location of institution. As such, laws that influence the allocation of public funds between and among various banks and other types of financial institutions have a definite impact upon the structure of banking. This article examines the legal framework influencing the allocation of state and local deposits and analyzes the impact of these laws upon the banking structure of the five Seventh District states—Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, and Wisconsin. State and local deposit importance


The electronic library services compete with the universal web search engines and specialized scientific search engines. This essay gives a critical overview over the initiatives of using search engine technology in the library context by now.


2229. Acute or obtusel Looking again at Note 1991 (October, 1947), I found myself echoing its closing words, in the question : why is this not a familiar elementary proposition? A question which answered itself in terms of the undue difficulty that seems to have been felt about the separation of points in the a^-plane by the line (a, b, c). This difficulty I had discussed in XXX, 296, pp. 203-4 (October, 1946) ; and I find that the procedure set out there leads at once to elementary treatment of the property here in question. On the hypothesis, we may write


In the relevant literature there is a widely recognized consensus of understanding supply chain's integration (SCI) in terms of the informational, material or financial flows. However, there are very few publications including people or human as flows in the SC. We equate them with staff exchange activities – sending / delegating company employees to work in partner organizations. The main objective of the article is to explore and explain the role of staff exchange activities as a factor integrating the SC as well as projections of directions for development. In the research process 1232 enterprises from Poland, EU were included; 500 of them declared the occurrence of staff exchange activi-ties in the SC; 732 enterprises denied such situation. The considerations in our study on the role of such activities in the context of SCI indicate the need to recognize the fact that they are an important factor of SCI.


Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. N. gonorrhoeae has progressively developed resistance to all currently prescribed antibiotics, and no vaccine is available. Here, we report the closed, completed, annotated genome sequences for seven N. gonorrhoeae strains obtained by single-molecule real-time (SMRT) long-read genome sequencing. ABSTRACT Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. N. gonorrhoeae has progressively developed resistance to all currently prescribed antibiotics, and no vaccine is available. Here, we report the closed, completed, annotated genome sequences for seven N. gonorrhoeae strains obtained by single-molecule real-time (SMRT) long-read genome sequencing.


Abstract Scientific researchers welcome disagreement as a way of furthering epistemic aims. Religious communities, by contrast, tend to regard it as a potential threat to their beliefs. But I argue that religious disagreement can help achieve religious epistemic aims. I do not argue this by comparing science and religion, however. For scientific hypotheses are ideally held with a scholarly neutrality, and my aim is to persuade those who are committed to religious beliefs that religious disagreement can be epistemically beneficial for them too.


However, the aim of the project is to develop electronic device that can detect very small volume of fluid, therefore, device development consists of channel and geometry parameters that model and analyze while further development incorporate microcontroller that allow device to read and display result on LCD and excel datasheet. The model become more easy and in- expensive as less circuit is required for simple electronics model, also device can easily be implemented because device fabrication do not really require lab-on-chip process.


This article discusses the transport policies of three English urban local authorities, with special reference to their attempts to discourage car traffic. Oxford City Council introduced park-and-ride (PAR) about 30 years ago, and has now set up four PAR sites around the city and approved a fifth. It has introduced traffic management and bus priority measures, constraints on city centre parking, and cycling facilities to remove traffic progressively from the city centre. In Summer 1999, High Street was closed to all traffic except buses, taxis, and delivery vehicles, and the Cornmarket shopping centre was made a pedestrian precinct. The measures have aroused some controversy, but their benefits are being felt. During the last 20 years, the Cambridge area has grown exceptionally fast, with about 75% of journeys by car and 10% by bus. Ten years ago, Cambridge City Council began to develop PAR sites around the city. The city's historic centre is a pedestrian area, separated by rising bollards, from 10am to 4pm. In the surrounding core area, the aim is to remove through traffic but retain essential local traffic. Milton Keynes, a city designed for the car, has its Sustainable Integrated Transport Strategy (SITS), aiming to develop efficient, comprehensive bus services and PAR but introduce parking restrictions.


In an era of economic globalization shaped by hegemonic capitalism, resistance movements introduce different alternatives for a life beyond capitalism. The powerful and dominant system logic criticizes such movements for being utopian dreamers with no pragmatic sense of plausible social change. The 'ontology of the possible' for emancipatory social change is dominated by the coloniality of power and epistemic violence of modernity. Time becomes a powerful measurement tool developed by Western clocks in order to measure the successes and failures of social movements and categorize their impact on social change. Based on the analysis of an ethnographic research with the campaign for Marichuy in Mexico, I argue that this indigenous movement constructs a conception of time related to social change, which challenge the Western notion of a measurable evolutionary timeline. Such iconoclastic strategy of indeterminacy becomes their emancipatory potential, which envisions the possibilities for emancipatory social change. The purpose of this study is to contribute to a global conversation with scholarship and activism. Through a combination of theoretical literature and ethnographic data material, this thesis intends to challenge the status quo conception of time horizons for change. (Less)


This paper describes a design procedure for a cascaded control system of induction motors based on compact genetic algorithms (cGAs). CGAs are search methods that process a probability vector (describing the distribution of a hypothetical population) with update rules inspired to the typical selection and recombination operations of a GA. The cGAs well lend themselves to real-time implementations in constrained, low capacity microcontrollers, as they have reduced memory requirements and evenly distributed computational loads with respect to the standard, population-based GA. This paper investigates the applicability of a cGAs selected from literature to simultaneously optimize the couple of position and speed controllers using a weighted cost function that combines indices about position, speed, and current responses. The search is performed on-line, iteratively experimenting new solutions directly on the induction motor drive. The cascaded control system obtained through genetic search outperforms alternative schemes obtained with linear design techniques


During water immersion bradycardia and increase in stroke volume induce by changing in hydrostatic pressure. We hypothesised that the cardiac alterations with immersion are associates with an increase in venous return from lower body. Because the venous return reflects volume of capacitance vein e.g, inferior vena cava. Therefore, we clarified the effects of water immersion on the size in left ventricle, aorta, and vena cava.


Despite a dramatic turnaround in regional fortunes that has witnessed a return to prosperity among many Frostbelt states and severe dislocations in most Sunbelt states, outdated and inaccurate perceptions of regional growth and decline in the United States persist. The authors document this role reversal and challenge the utility of conventional theory-based explanations of regional growth and decline. Offering an alternative explanation for patterns of regional change, they recast the process in the context of an evolving global economy, the international business cycle, and an altered federal environment. The authors conclude that federal, state, and local policymakers have been hampered by conventional perceptions of regional growth and decline, and they suggest some broad policy initiatives to encourage more balanced regional development.


Geomarketing estrategies for the cities organization planning As a result of the broadening economic, social, cultural and politic globalization and the worldwide competition getting fiercer by the day, the different territories –


The long-term dynamic simulation of power converters is treated. Due to switching actions, the converter can operate in different configurations, and therefore it can be represented by a state-space time-varying linear system. A method is presented for calculating switching time from an exact and explicit form of the switching condition, which allows the step-by-step search of the switching instant to be greatly simplified. In the proposed algorithm, a converter is partitioned into subsystems, which are simulated in a decoupled manner and coordinated through data exchange.<<ETX>>