Significant progress has been achieved in the last few years in X-ray pulsar research, including both the "rotation-powered" X-ray pulsars and the "accretion-powered" X-ray pulsars. In this paper I will review some recent topics, such as detection of X-ray emission and pulsations from known radio pulsars, magnetar interpretation of soft gamma repeaters (SGRs) and anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs), discovery of millisecond pulsation in a low mass X-ray binary (LMXB) system, a rush of pulsar discoveries in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), the doubling of the number of accreting X-ray pulsars, and a soft-excess feature that is seen commonly in the spectra of all sub-classes of accreting X-ray pulsars.


In this paper, we propose a hybrid model which is a combination of multiple linear regression model and fuzzy c-means method. This research involved a relationship between 20 variates of the top soil that are analyzed prior to planting of paddy yields at standard fertilizer rates. Data used were from the multi-location trials for rice carried out by MARDI at major paddy granary in Peninsular Malaysia during the period from 2009 to 2012. Missing observations were estimated using mean estimation techniques. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression model and a combination of multiple linear regression model and fuzzy c-means method. Analysis of normality and multicollinearity indicate that the data is normally scattered without multicollinearity among independent variables. Analysis of fuzzy c-means cluster the yield of paddy into two clusters before the multiple linear regression model can be used. The comparison between two method indicate that the hybrid of multiple linear regression model and fuzzy c-means method outperform the multiple linear regression model with lower value of mean square error.


Nanosized TiO2 particles modified by acid were prepared by a sol-gel method. The nanosized particles were characterized by UV-vis and XRD measurement. Photocatalytic activity of modified TiO2 particles was evaluated using methyl orange aqueous solution and phenol as simulating pollutants. Choosing the nanosized TiO2 particles with best photocatalytic activity as photocatalyst and phenol as a degradation of simulating pollutant, the optimal operation conditions were obtained.


Wireless ad hoc network is an emerging technology that is gaining popularity as a cost-effective way of offering end-to-end services, such as Internet access, in an inexpensive, practical, and fast manner. However, wireless ad hoc networks are particularly vulnerable to extern and insider attacks due to their very intrinsic nature such as shared wireless medium and decentralized architecture. In this paper, we present a distributed intrusion detection approach, which is based on exchange of events and cooperation between the participating nodes. The proposed mechanism relies on non-intrusive traffic monitoring at each node, which generates network events. These events are processed by the intrusion detection system that is able to instantly signalize malicious activities, for instance, a node disseminating fake routing information through the network. We demonstrate the approach efficiency for detecting misbehaving nodes through a virtualized network environment that consists of virtual nodes interconnected which represent the network topology.


Muscle sympathetic vasoconstriction is blunted in CH, however, there is no change in the modulatory role of NO. Exercise intolerance and CH are features of diseases such as COPD, this may reflect alterations in FS and fatigability. In accordance with UK legislation, experiments were performed on anaesthetised CH rats (3 weeks acclimation to 12% O2). Lumbar sympathetic chain stimulation was used to induce sympathetic vasoconstriction. Peroneal nerve stimulation evoked EDL contraction and tension was recorded. Femoral vascular resistance was calculated from recordings of arterial blood pressure and femoral blood flow. Sympathetic vasoconstriction was evoked during baseline and graded muscle contraction (10–30% max twitch) under control conditions, after NOS inhibition (L‐NAME) and again following restoration of background NO levels (SNP infusion). Compared to normal (N) rats, peak muscle tension was not different but CH rats fatigued more such that plateau tension was lower (even when O2 delivery was similar to N rats). FS was not different in CH and N rats and was not affected by either L‐NAME or SNP infusion. Muscle fatigue is greater in CH than N rats but it is not due to differences in O2 delivery. FS is unchanged despite sympathetic vasoconstriction being blunted in CH rats, and there appears to be no role for NO in mediating FS. Changes in FS are unlikely to explain exercise intolerance in diseases such as COPD.


This study aims to make smart home/community more feasible and effective beyond the existing technology-oriented research. To this end, the wellness of single-person households was investigated in a multi-dimensional ways to identify what are important and necessary, and to develop a smart home service based on a clear understanding of the users. The subjects of the survey were limited to those living alone while living in a single household of 20-40s living in Seoul. A Total of 100 questionnaires were used for analysis, and the data were analyzed by independent sample T test and cross analysis using SPSS 23. As a result, the single-person households did not have much anxiety or loneliness about living alone and were relatively stable and positive mentally and emotionally.
The social level scores were the lowest, and healthy and desirable social support such as exchange, belonging, and safety were needed to solve this problem. Based on the resylt, we proposed the direction for the development of smart home/community, which is divided into five categories: exercise, exchange/belongings, safety, self-development, and hobby/cultural activities. The development of smart home/community includes units and public spaces in multi-family housing, community facilities available to residents, and various services that can be provided.


Structural response depends on actual condition. Aging changes condition over time in a non-linear way. In order to allow prediction of performance in future, it becomes necessary to use a mathematical formulation of the aging process. This process is influenced by a major number of parameters besides the basic ones which are: Structural configuration materials year of construction (quality), and the character of resilience. A software solution for this complex problem will be presented. It comprises a basic aging model with additional parameters of performance. These are use-related exposure-related or externally influenced. The quantification of these parameters is done based on information gained from satellite images – inspection reports – monitoring campaigns or non-destructive testing. The tool allows the prediction of maintenance or intervention demands in order to keep the functionality on an acceptable level. These demands are linked to costs and time windows for implementation. A demonstration of the use at bridge structures will be given.


Economic realities can be described in national accounting only by certain approximative means and presumptions; therefore they cannot be measured with absolute accuracy. However, because of their great importance these investigations must fulfil as far as possible the reliability required for the economic control and planning of the national economy, in accordance with predetermined concepts and methods. The reliability of national accounting is favourable in Hungary, as they are based mostly (92 percent) on the bookkeeping data of enterprises, cooperatives and institutions. The bookkeeping system is uniform in all economic organizations, in conformity with central regulations, and it takes into account the demand of computations for national accounting. Despite these favourable conditions lesser or greater contradictions can be found in the national accounts every year. The absolute measure of the differences is not significant; however, if compared to the annual increase it results in uncertainty of 15 percent. The uncertainty is reduced by the fact that the sign of differences is the same every year. The author classifies the causes of uncertainty in national accounts into four groups: 1. problems of the time shift of the connected economic processes and of their accounting; 2. effect of the enterprise interests; 3. inadequacy of methodological regulation; 4. inaccuracy of data surveys and processing. The study deals with the special factors of inaccuracy occurring in constant price accounting. Inaccuracy of the most important aggregates, for instance that of the volume index of the national income, comes to 0.5‐0.7 percent which results, in the case of a yearly 5 percent "real" increase in the index, in reliability limits of 10 to 15 percent. In the concluding part of the study the author points out that in Hungary the unexplored contradictions are not shown as "statistical discrepancy" but they are included in the various aggregates on the basis of considerations discussed in the study.


In conjunction with a grant from the National Science Foundation, the retention of students in Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIUC) College of Engineering will be increased through the introduction of innovative academic and non-academic programs. The new academic programs consist of the following components: an introduction to engineering course, engineering designated sections of courses, a summer math course for new students who need improvement in math, and revisions to the math curriculum. The new non-academic programs consist of: creation of an engineering residential college, and peer mentoring, faculty mentoring, and mentoring by practicing engineers. The introduction to engineering course will include all freshman students in SIUC College of Engineering. This lecture-laboratory course will provide an interesting description of each engineering major and allows students to work with hands-on projects that will teach the usefulness of mathematics and basic engineering concepts. The SIUC College of Engineering has worked with other departments on campus to offer engineering designated sections of core curriculum courses, such as math, sciences, English, and speech communication. The summer math course lasts four-weeks and accepts students who test below the pre-calculus level and prepares them for pre-calculus during the fall semester. The mathematics curriculum is being modified so that all students who do not test into calculus will take a math course taught by the college of engineering that prepares them for calculus. Also, there are non-academic programs that have been designed to improve retention and the freshman experience. First, to foster the "living-learning community" experience, all freshman and sophomore engineering students will live in the engineering residential college with 36 peer mentors and three residential assistants. The engineering residential college also houses a classroom where engineering designated sections of common courses will be taken and a study lounge where college-supported tutoring occurs. Second, sophomore and junior engineering students and faculty provide peer and faculty mentoring to freshman and sophomore engineering students to encourage them to continue in the engineering program through the challenging first two years. Practicing engineers are designated as industrial mentors and work with students to provide career advice, clarify engineering jobs, and explain how curriculum in engineering is used in the workplace. It is projected that through the successful implementation of the innovative student-centered academic and non-academic programs, the overall five year retention and graduation rate in the SIUC College of Engineering will increase by 30%, from 37% to 67%.


The temperature dependence of the linear thermal expansion coefficients (LTEC) of a single crystal of a-(BEDT-TTF)2NH4Hg(SCN)4 where BEDT-TTF is bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene was studied by the method of precision capacitive dilatometry in the temperature range 2-250 K along the crystallographic direction b* (perpendicular to the crystal layers). Negative values of LTEC were found below 4 K. Probably it is due to charge fluctuations as the temperature approaches the temperature of transition to the superconducting state Tc. It has been suggested that the bends on temperature dependence of LTEC observed in the temperature range 25-45 K are related to order-disorder arrangement of NH4+ ions. Weak maximum of the LTEC, detected at a temperature of about 200-220 K, can be caused by the processes of charge redistribution and the associated intermolecular interaction fluctuations.


Column Editors' Note: From risk assessment scores to facial recognition, data-driven tools have become central to policing and punishment over the last century, and they are also urgent sites of struggle and contestation. Presumptions about criminality—and the data collected in the name of tracking criminal behavior—prove to be deeply intertwined with other kinds of data sets, from the census and municipal records to that of insurance and mortgage companies. In this column, political scientist and historian Kaneesha Johnson traces the changing form and content of prison data and questions how and why different communities and institutions collect the data they do. In particular, she compares the data gathered about crime and incarceration by the U.S. government with data gathered by incarcerated people and their communities in part to show that what we measure, collect, and count is always a reflection of the world we are trying to create.


The LISA Pathfinder (LPF) Mission, a joint ESA-NASA mission, is a demonstration mission of technologies needed for future laser interferometry gravity wave observatory missions. Such missions would consist of multiple spacecraft flying in formation with each spacecraft surrounding a proof mass at the end of a laser interferometer leg. The spacecraft is used to shield the proof mass from disturbances such as the solar wind. Among the technologies to be demonstrated on LPF are micro-propulsion thrusters that are part of the Disturbance Reduction System (DRS) designed to maintain the spacecraft position relative to the proof mass within 10 nm. Both cesium Field Emission Electric Propulsion (Cs-FEEP) thrusters and Colloid Micro-Newton Thrusters (CMNT) are candidate micro-propulsion technologies for these missions. It is possible that both Cs-FEEP and CMNT thrusters may be flown on the same spacecraft in a future mission. If both types of thrusters are flown on the same spacecraft it is likely that a neutral cesium flux from the Cs-FEEP will impinge on the CMNT. A monolayer of cesium on the CMNT insulator would cause the impedance between electrodes to decrease below the 10 GΩ level required for the thruster to operate properly. Modeling and testing was performed to determine if cesium exposure would cause the CMNT insulator impedance to decrease enough to cause a failure or degraded CMNT performance. Cesium exposure testing of a CMNT was performed at ESTEC. The test conditions were more severe than the conditions expected in space during a mission. The CMNT passed the test with full operational capability indicating that cesium exposure would not be a problem during a mission.


It is of great importance to use animal models in research on human diseases. However,it is very difficult to establish laboratory animal models perfectly duplicating human diseases such as cerebral stroke. Thus the high similarity of animal models to clinical status is of great importance. In order to refer to more appropriate experimental animal model for basic and applied research of ischemic stroke,this article summarized research progress in research on experimental ischemic stroke models and reviewed the animal selection,evaluating standard,modeling method,major advantages and disadvantages of focal ischemic models.


The present study describes the correlation among carapace length(L1),carapace width(L2), abdomen length(L3),abdomen width(L4)and body weight(m)of 4species of crab caught from June 2008to May 2009in Bohai Bay with the methods of path analysis and step regression.The results showed that the correlation between the morphometric traits of each species of crab was significant(P 0.01), and the lnL2had the most direct effect on lnmin Eucrate crenata and Portunus trituberculatus,the direct path coefficient is 0.661and 0.649,respectively,while in Dorippe japonica and Charybdis japonica,the most direct effect on lnm was is LnL1,the direct path coefficient was 0.569and 0.659,respectively.And the equation of E.crenatalnm=-7.622 +1.972lnL2+1.143lnL1-0.083lnL4(r=0.940),D.japonica lnm=-7.062+2.971lnL1(r=0.971),P.trituberculatus Lnm=-8.058+2.238lnL1+0.660lnL2+ 0.129lnL4(r=0.986),C.japonicalnm=-8.292+2.081lnL2+0.964lnL1(r=0.986)were established using the stepwise regression method.


This paper raises two questions regarding aspectual adverbs in imperatives. One is why still is not available in imperatives, in contrast to (not) anymore. Still and anymore share the presupposition that a certain state held before the reference time and assert respectively that the state holds or does not hold at the reference time. While anymore is available in negative imperatives as in Don't smoke anymore!, still is not. If it were, *Still smoke! would mean Continue smoking! The other question is why already is unexpectedly available in imperatives as in Go already! (in informal American English), in contrast to still, although both adverbs require stative predicates or imperfective aspect. The problem of still is explained as arising due to conflict between nature of imperatives and imperfective requirement of still. Imperatives refer to a situation yet to be realized, which will be at some future time. Therefore the situation does not have to hold until the situation time, while still cannot occur in such a context. The problem of already is solved by proposing that already in imperatives is not an aspectual adverb but a time adverb referring to an immediate future like right now. The implication of an imperative with already is that the proper time for carrying out the action has already passed, and the speaker is demanding that the action be performed right away.


The National Museum at Athens houses many fine vases of the late black-figure and early red-figure technique, as well as the Acropolis fragments, but the display cases which perhaps attract no less attention are those containing the small Attic black-figured lekythoi. The paintings on these vases, making no claim to artistic pretensions and produced in answer to local burial needs, often echo impressions the vase-painters received from the theatre or from figures in monumental painting. It is worth noting that they were inspired not only by well-known myths but also by stories of popular belief which the painters of large vases scorned to represent. The large vases were made and painted for the Italian and Etruscan markets and had to be decorated with impressive themes. On the small lekythos which concerns us here (Plate XVIII, 1–2), we meet a unique theme which raises a host of questions and leads to a wealth of conjectures. The picture is framed by two columns with Doric capitals. The right-hand column, which is the better drawn, spreads to a sort of base, and the painter must have imagined both columns to be of wood. Of the three female figures on either side of the weird figure in the middle, the one on the right, dressed in chiton and himation, turns her head to the left, whilst her feet point to the right. She extends her right arm imperiously, palm open, towards the central figure. The latter is distinguished from the others by the fact that her feet do not appear beneath her himation which hangs below them. Her coiffure differs from that of the others, as we shall see later.


Abstract In this paper, the Nova Scotia experience is used to depict the grassroots perspective of providing compassionate services in an increasingly dispassionate society and to stimulate analysis by front line workers on what is happening to community-based services. Particular attention is paid to the role of small agencies by providing a snapshot of the struggles associated with being small. In the end, the purpose of speaking out is to challenge policy makers to make more informed and benevolent decisions on social welfare.


In the process of transition from tribal-clan to feudal society,the average-land system occurred in the North Wei Dynasty,which checked annexation of land to a certain extent.It not only inherited the landlord class' absolute ownership of the land,but also permited the conditional free land sale in a certain range,which was the legal form of feudal ownership of land.


RVSAO is a set of programs to obtain redshifts and radial velocities from digital spectra. RVSAO operates in the IRAF environment. The heart of the system is xcsao, which implements the cross‐correlation method and is a direct descendant of the system built by . emsao uses intelligent heuristics to search for emission lines in spectra, and then fits them to obtain a redshift. sumspec shifts and sums spectra to build templates for cross‐correlation. linespec builds synthetic spectra given a list of spectral lines. bcvcorr corrects velocities for the motion of the Earth. We discuss in detail the parameters necessary to run xcsao and emsao properly. We discuss the reliability and error associated with xcsao‐derived redshifts. We develop an internal error estimator, and we show how large, stable surveys can be used to develop more accurate error estimators. We also develop a new methodology for building spectral templates for galaxy redshifts, using the new templates for the FAST spectrograph as an example. We show how to obtain correlation velocities using emission‐line templates. Emission‐line correlations are substantially more efficient than the previous standard technique, automated emission‐line fitting. Using this machinery, the blunder rate for redshift measurements can be kept near zero; the automation rate for FAST spectra is ∼95%. We use emsao to measure the instrumental zero‐point offset and instrumental stability of the Z‐Machine and FAST spectrographs. We compare the use of RVSAO with new methods, which use singular value decomposition and χ2 fitting techniques, and conclude that the methods we use are either equal or superior. We show that a two‐dimensional spectral classification of galaxy spectra can be developed using our emission‐ and absorption‐line templates as physically orthogonal basis vectors.


AbstractThe results of blood cultures from the majority of Danish hospitals examined at Statens Seruminstitut in the years 1965 and 1971 have been analysed. Out of a total of 18986 cultures in 1965 and 24387 cultures in 1971, 2184 (from 1253 patients) and 2837 (from 1610 patients), respectively, yielded growth of relevant microorganisms. Bacteremic patients with gram-negative rods constituted approximately 50% both in 1965 and in 1971. Two or more bacterial species were isolated from 6.5% of the patients. In such cases Streptococcus faecalis occurred frequently. The distribution of the whole material of blood cultures with growth according to agent showed no shift from 1965 to 1971. However, in 1971 a significantly higher percentage than in 1965 of the isolates of both gram-negative rods and Staph. aureus was found to be sensitive to a variety of antibiotics. The most likely explanation for this change would seem to be a change in antibiotic policy in an increasing number of hospitals in this country towa...


Secondary syphilis is associated with headaches. We describe two patients with headache from secondary syphilis and we recommend considering this in the differential diagnosis and evaluation of the headache patient.


Background
Mild cognitive impairment(MCI) is an unstable cognitive decline which is seen as an intermediate stage between normal aging and dementia, with high risks of dementia. Anesthetics may exert different influence on MCI patients. If anesthetics are used improperly in MCI patients, brain damage will be directly aggravated, brain functions be inhibited, and the conversion of MCI to dementia be even accelerated.

Objective
To explore the research progress in mild cognitive impairment and the influence of anesthetics.

Content
This review discussed knowledge regarding MCI, including definitions, diagnostic criteria, neuropathology, the relationship between MCI and Alzheimer's disease(AD) or Parkinson's disease(PD), anesthetics' influence on MCI.

Trend
The current study on MCI can provide with new tools to identify and hopefully treat MCI, and also provide thoughts for reasonable selection and application of anesthetics.

Key words:
Mild cognitive impairment; Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease; Anesthesia


The method of receiving a signal in a communications system using a low-density parity check code (LDPC) according to the present invention includes the steps of: receiving a signal from a signal transmission apparatus; and performing an LDPC decoding operation corresponding to a preset first parity check matrix on the received signal, wherein the first parity check matrix is generated by using a second parity check matrix including sub-matrixes of M×N, the first parity check matrix is a parity check matrix that represents non-zero matrixes among the sub-matrixes of M×N included in the second parity check matrix in an n_c form, n represent the number of block rows included in the second parity check matrixes, c represents the number of non-zero matrixes included in the n-th block row included in the second parity check matrix, the first parity check matrix is divided into the preset number partial matrixes, and each of the partial matrixes includes only the preset number of non-zero sub-matrixes based on the block rows of the second parity check matrix.


Kom Ombo temple is one of temples which were belted over high plateau close to the River Nile, near to Aswan in Egypt in the Greek-Roman period. The expected archaeological remains in the selected area are the hidden tunnels of the mummified crocodiles. The aim of the present work is to detect any of these tunnels by the application of the (GPR) and (SP) methods. The interpretation of the 10 GPR profiles revealed some locations of possible hidden tunnels. These locations show different contrasts and high amplitudes of the reflected signals, compared to the enclosing soil; also the scattering of the signals is higher than the bed layer in these locations, which may reveal the possible buried mummified crocodile tunnels in the study area. The depths of the possible targets range from 2.0 m to 2.5 m. The SP electric map shows that the study area possesses a range of about 135 mV of the potential differences between the measured stations. The positive response of the SP data is mainly concentrated at the central part of the study area. The relatively weak, negative SP anomalies may be related to moisture in the soil. The positive SP anomalies on the SP electric map display possible significant correlation between them and the inferred tunnel locations from the GPR data. The calculated depths from the SP profiles show significant agreement with that estimated from GPR data depths, which indicate that the SP electric method can be used as a successful tool in detecting buried archaeological remains in support of GPR.


Water contents of peat moss samples measured by using a standard air-oven drying method were compared to water contents determined by using several microwave-oven drying procedures, some of which combined microwave and convection drying. The standard method required drying of the peat moss for a 24-h period at a temperature of 103° C. All microwave methods required 20 minutes or less to complete. Peat moss water contents ranged from approximately 52% to 65% wet basis. Bartlett's test was used to show that water content variances were not significantly different for the various moisture level and drying method combinations (p > 0.70). Microwave-determined water contents were comparable in precision to those determined by the conventional air-oven technique. With precision of microwave drying methods established, a calibrated microwave-oven method could be a rapid, accurate alternative to the air-oven procedure for determining water content of peat moss.


The article presents the results of an experimental study of the level and severity of anxiety under the influence of a VR program for the correction of nyctophobia. The experiment involved two independent groups of respondents in different conditions of working with the VR program. In the first group, the work was carried out in a lighted room, in the second in the dark. Before and after exposure, the level and severity of anxiety were diagnosed in both groups, as well as the severity of states of well-being, activity and mood (WAM) in the second group. Since the groups differed statistically in all studied parameters, comparisons were made only within the groups. The use of the Wilcoxon T-test made it possible to conclude that there was a significant change in the severity of anxiety after working with the VR program in participants with a "low level" of anxiety in both the first and second groups. A significant decrease in anxiety occurred in the group of participants who reported that they were afraid of the dark (n=7). This group was characterized by "low" and "medium" levels of anxiety. There were no statistically significant changes in SAN scores. This result is explained by the fact that a one-time and short-term impact of the used VR program for the correction of nyctophobia is not a factor in changing well-being, activity and mood, but it is a factor in changing the severity of anxiety.


This paper proposes a vehicle detector with a magnetoresistive (MR) sensor. The detector consists of a MR sensor and mechanical and electronic apparatuses. Composed of six magnetically variable resistors, the MR sensor senses disturbance of the earth's magnetic field caused by a moving vehicle over itself and then produces an output indicative of the moving vehicle. Experiments have been carried out with three stages. At the first stage, the outputs of the sensor have been analyzed to show the validity of the detector's circuit and the detecting method. At the second stage, the detector has been tested on a local highway in Korea. Through the field tests, the outputs of the detector in response to various kinds of moving vehicles have been collected and analyzed. At the final stage, to verify the performance of the detector, traffic volumes on the highway have been measured with the detector and compared with the exact traffic volumes in a highly congested traffic.


A search for heavy excited electrons and neutrinos has been performed with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The ep scattering data used were taken at a centre-of-mass energy of 318 GeV in the years 1998–2000. Excited electrons have been searched for in ep and ep collisions corresponding to integrated luminosities of 16.7 pb and 66.1 pb, respectively. The decay channels e → eγ, e → νW → νqq and e → eZ → eqq have been considered. Excited neutrinos have been sought in the ep data set via the decay channels ν → νγ, ν → eW → eqq and ν → νZ → νqq. The event selection has been performed employing both fixed cuts and a probabilitybased method as alternatives, with the latter yielding better overall performance. No evidence for an e or ν signal is observed in any of the channels analysed. Upper limits (95 % confidence level) as a function of the excited-lepton mass have been set on the cross section times the branching ratio, σ×BR, and on the coupling over the compositeness scale, f/Λ. In many cases, these limits extend up to higher masses and are more stringent than the existing ones.


A 42-year-old Japanese man with liver cirrhosis by hepatitis C virus (HCV) had successful interferon therapy in May 1991. Since then, serum HCV-RNA and liver function tests had been negative. He had continued to drink more than 100 g/d of alcohol as before. In June 2003, a 5-cm tumor was found in the posterior segment of the liver. The tumor was curatively resected and the surgical specimen showed a well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Non-cancerous lesions of the liver revealed fibrosis at stage F3 with minimal to mild inflammation of grade A1. Heavy drinking may retard the dissolution of fibrosis and accelerate HCC development in patients with sustained virological response.


BACKGROUND
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has high mortality partly due to acquiring drug resistance during chemotherapy treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the underlying mechanism of drug resistance.

METHODS
We used 2-DE and MALDI-TOF-MS analysis to explore the possible molecular insight into 5-FU resistance in HCC. The differentially expressed proteins were validated by Western blot analysis.

RESULTS
We identified 102 unique proteins including p16, maspin, PRDX6, PSMB7, MYL6, PHB, and HSP27 with alteration in SMMC- 7721/5-FU. Furthermore, down-regulation of PRDX6 and PSMB7 enhanced SMMC-7721/5-FU cells to 5-FU sensitivity.

CONCLUSIONS
Our study suggests that targeting drug resistant genes such as PRDX6 and PSMB7 could be a novel approach to overcome 5-FU resistance in HCC cells.


The emergence of new concepts is the inevitable consequence of the changing social relations. Social relations are in continuous change. Thus, new concepts are continuously generated to define the new social relations and guide the socie-ty. Continuous change demand of the society is addressed as the continuous cri-sis of the liberalism. As long the communication has been one of the fundamen-tal instrument of this crisis management, the concepts by which the sovereign messages are let to societies are the interest of research area of the communica-tion studies. Sustainability concept, which has been declared as the leading con-cept of the new millennium by Kofi Annan, attracts attentions in this term. With the rising popularity of sustainability concept, the globalisation and the corporate social responsibility (CSR) concepts, which were the tools of the defining the world of the previous century have started to be excluded. One of the most im-portant reason of this consequence is the values of CRS and globalisation's con-flicting with the represented values of the sustainability. In this study, historical evolvement process of these concepts will be examined in terms of their new emerging meanings and social relations. The facts of decrease of the CSR and the globalisations concepts in value while sustainability concept increase will be examined. In conclusion point of differences of the sustainability concept will be identified.


The utility model relates to a device suitable for rising and falling automatically on a concrete rod. The device comprises an automatic climber and an insulated rotation platform; the automatic climber comprises an inner barrel, an outer barrel and a climbing cylinder, wherein the inner barrel and the outer barrel are vertically connected with each other in a sleeving manner, and the climbing cylinder is used for controlling the relative expansion displacement between the inner barrel and the outer barrel, at least one pair of guide wheels which are parallel to each other and share the same heights are respectively arranged on the rear side surfaces of the inner barrel and the outer barrel, the rear side surfaces of the inner barrel and the outer barrel are opposite to a concrete rod during the using process, a pair of climbing flat belts sleeved on the concrete rod is respectively arranged on the inner barrel and the outer barrel, and at least one pair of locking cylinders used for tightening and releasing the flat belts is respectively arranged on the left side surface of the inner barrel and the left side surface of the outer barrel. The insulating rotation platform can climb automatically, richens and improves technological means and methods in distribution live working, makes up for limitations of an insulating bucket-boom truck in live working due to road restriction, the adoption of self-climbing technology reduces safe risks for operating personnel to pass through live conductors, and technique in splitting and combing the insulated rotation platform and the insulating bucket is achieved, thereby providing technical support for working of stepping over adjacent phase live conductors.


At present, the influence of the surrounding environment on the health of humans is attracting increasing attention, and the indoor environment plays a significant role in people's health. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively monitor indoor environments in real time. With the increase of end‐devices, the rapid growth of data is exerting a pressure on the network bandwidth. To solve this problem, a LoRaWAN monitoring system for indoor environments based on embedded edge computing is proposed here. A hardware architecture of end‐devices and the workflow of the LoRaWAN gateway are designed. In the gateway, edge computing is applied to manage the integrated access device and clean data. The experimental results show that the data reduction rate increased obviously after using edge computing. The environmental data can be transmitted in real time, and the communication efficiency of the system can be improved.


In order to develop cost effective processes for converting biomass into biofuels, it is essential to improve enzyme production yields, stability and specific activity. In this context, the aim of this work was to evaluate the concentration of two enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of biomass, endoglucanase and xylanase, through precipitation. Statistical experimental design was used to evaluate the influence of precipitant agent concentration (ammonium sulfate and ethanol), aging time, and temperature on enzyme activity recovery. Precipitant agent concentration and aging time showed a statistically significant effect at the 95% confidence level, on both enzyme activity recoveries. The recovery of endoglucanase with ammonium sulfate and ethanol reached values up to 65 and 61%, respectively. For xylanase, the recovery rates were lower, 27 and 25% with ammonium sulfate and ethanol, respectively. The results obtained allowed the selection of the variables relevant to improving enzyme activity recovery within operational conditions suitable for industrial applications.


Objectives To examine and compare preferences of knowledge users for two different formats of summarizing results from systematic reviews: infographics and critical appraisals. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Annual members' meeting of a Network of Centres of Excellence in Knowledge Mobilization called TREKK (Translating Emergency Knowledge for Kids). TREKK is a national network of researchers, clinicians, health consumers, and relevant organizations with the goal of mobilizing knowledge to improve emergency care for children. Participants Members of the TREKK Network attending the annual meeting in October 2013. Outcome Measures Overall preference for infographic vs. critical appraisal format. Members' rating of each format on a 10-point Likert scale for clarity, comprehensibility, and aesthetic appeal. Members' impressions of the appropriateness of the two formats for their professional role and for other audiences. Results Among 64 attendees, 58 members provided feedback (91%). Overall, their preferred format was divided with 24/47 (51%) preferring the infographic to the critical appraisal. Preference varied by professional role, with 15/22 (68%) of physicians preferring the critical appraisal and 8/12 (67%) of nurses preferring the infographic. The critical appraisal was rated higher for clarity (mean 7.8 vs. 7.0; p = 0.03), while the infographic was rated higher for aesthetic appeal (mean 7.2 vs. 5.0; p<0.001). There was no difference between formats for comprehensibility (mean 7.6 critical appraisal vs. 7.1 infographic; p = 0.09). Respondents indicated the infographic would be most useful for patients and their caregivers, while the critical appraisal would be most useful for their professional roles. Conclusions Infographics are considered more aesthetically appealing for summarizing evidence; however, critical appraisal formats are considered clearer and more comprehensible. Our findings show differences in terms of audience-specific preferences for presentation of research results. This study supports other research indicating that tools for knowledge dissemination and translation need to be targeted to specific end users' preferences and needs.


Sports sciences and sports education are applied in various scientific disciplines of Turkish higher education. Sport Sciences are applied in many universities in Europe to sports education students in higher education and to students in other departments for to meet social needs. In this regard, restructuring sports education is a new requirement in Turkey in terms of European sports education cooperation and developments. The aim of this study is to examine European Higher Education Qualities and Turkey's Higher Education Sports Education Process for to set forth an understanding regarding mission and vision in the forthcoming years. ISCED, EASM, and AEHESIS sports education models and European Union education process are analyzed within the scope of the research. Eventually, Turkey is in a restructuring process in terms of physical education and sports education in higher education, Bologna process and qualities. Within the scope of this regulation, anew sports education and basic field qualifications curricula should be updated by considering determination of basic fields. Turkish Higher Education Qualifications Framework (TYCC) basic field qualifications that are formed based on the ISCED concerning Coaching Education, Sports Management and Recreation Departments should be reclassified.


Specific anti:VIII:C antibodies in three haemophilia A patients (high responders, cases 1-3) were purified by two proceduses. In a solid phase system, 125-1 IgG containing antiVIII:C antibodies was incubated with purified Factor VIII coupled to CNBr-activated Sepharase 2B. Specific antibodies were eluted using HCl-glycine buffer, pH 2.4 or 3.5. In a liquid phase system, 125-I IgG was incubated with Factor VIII; following precipitation with 3.5% PEG, the specific immune complexes were recovered by gel filtration. Anti-VIII : C antibodies were isolated by issociation at pH 2.4 or 3.5, followerd by Sephade x G 200 gel flltration. Using antibodies from case 1 (titre 1,000 Oxford IJ./ml), obtained by both procedures: a two-site IRMA demonstrated no VIII:C-Ag in twelve severe haemophllla A patlents and a normal amount in two haemophilia A+ patients. Cases 2 and 3 had a lower anti-VIII:C titre (100 anrl 150 U./ml) but their antibodies showed, in plasma, a hlgher affinlty for VIII:C-Ag than those of case 1. The affinity was estimated by displacement of the bound radioactivity in IRMA by competitive inhibition. Antibodies from case. 2 failed to dissociate from VIII :C-Ag at pH 3.5 or 2.4. Antihodies from case 3 did not dissoclate at pH 3.5 and only at pH 2.4 but were ineffective in the two-site IRMA. These results suggest that 1) there is no relationship between titre and affinity of anti-VIII:C antibodies; and 2) with the procedures of purification available only those antibodies with a high titre (≥1,000 U./ml) may be of use in IPMA.


This article has firstly cleared-cut management connotation of modern hospitals,and confirmed the relationship among management structure,management system and management mechanism in modern hospitals from evolution view with aggregative language.Then it sets up the evolution gambling model,and has made the detailed discussion to the evolution equilibrium problem of management mechanism between public hospitals and private hospitals.Finally it summarizes the research achievement and puts forward the policy proposal.


There is no doubt that thinking, as a differentiating feature between man and animal, has a particularly significant position in man's material and spiritual life. This significance has been approved and emphasized in some verse in holy Quran. For instance, we can point to the important role and function of thinking in formation, reinforcement, and deepening of man's faith principles such as monotheism; prophecy; resurrection; adherence to morals; deep comprehension of commandments and worship philosophy; knowledge of prosperity and redemption path;proper knowledge of one's self and other creatures; and a deep comprehension of divine revelations. In the present research, througha quoting method and rational analysis of some of Quran verses, the above-mentioned functions and other significant functions of thinking in man's worldly and otherworldly life would be studied.


Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a popular method for wireless transmission of data at high rate. To increase the speed of transmission, the input high rate data stream is divided into many small data streams which are then transmitted parallel in OFDM system. The key component of OFDM system is the FFT processor. FFT converts the input time domain signal into frequency domain at the receiver side. Efficient implementation of FFT processor with small area, low power and high speed is very important. This can be achieved with the help of various algorithms viz. radix-2, radix-4, radix-8. FFT processor with higher mixed radix (radix-8 and radix-2) algorithm is going to propose. As higher mixed radix algorithm reduces power and increases speed. This paper gives an overview of the work done on FFT processor previously. Keywords— FFT, Mixed Radix, OFDM, VHDL.


The human CYP1A1_CYP1A2 locus comprises the CYP1A1 (5,988 bp) and CYP1A2 (7,759 bp) transcribed regions, oriented head‐to‐head, sharing a bidirectional promoter of 23,306 bp. The older CYP1A1 gene appears more conserved and responsible for critical life function(s), whereas the younger CYP1A2 gene might have evolved more rapidly due to environmental (dietary) pressures. A population genetics study might confirm this premise. We combined 60 CYP1A1_CYP1A2 SNPs found in the present study (eight New Guinea Highlanders, eight Samoans, four Dogrib, four Teribe, four Pehuenche, and one Caucasian) with those found in a previous study (six West Africans, four Han Chinese, six Germans, four Samoans, and four Dogrib), yielding a total of 106 SNPs in 106 chromosomes. Resequencing of Oceanians plus Amerindians in the present study yielded 21 New World SNPs (∼20%), of which 17 are not previously reported in any SNP database. Various tests revealed selective pressures for both genes and both haploblocks; unfortunately, differences in rates of evolution between the two genes were undetectable. Fay & Wu's H test revealed a "hitchhiking event" centered around four SNPs in the CYP1A1 3′‐UTR; a study in silico identified different microRNA‐binding patterns in the hitchhiked region, when the mutations were present compared with the mutations absent. Hum Mutat 30:1–14, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Discloses an image pickup unit and an image pickup display system. Image pickup unit comprising: an image capturing unit, the image pickup section includes a plurality of pixels, each pixel including a photoelectric conversion element; and a drive unit, the driving unit comprises an amplifier and drive each pixel forms to perform the intended use of the signal amplifier pixel reset operation is read out from the pixels read out charges obtained by the photoelectric conversion element of the operation, it is intended to reset the pixels and an amplifier intended to reset the charge amplifier reset operation of the operation. Driving unit for driving each of the pixels so that the end timing of the pixel reset operation amplifier and a reset end timing of the operation of one or both of which can not be included in the power supply potential instability predetermined period.


Dr Abdelaal and colleagues record the case of a man whose recurrent axillary vein thromboses were due to neuropathic arthropathy (December 2003, JRSM1). Thrombosis of the upper extremity is referred to as Paget–Schroetter syndrome.2 In 1875, Sir James Paget postulated that the cause of acute pain and swelling of the arm was spontaneous thrombosis of the veins draining the upper extremity.3 In 1884, von Schroetter was the first to relate the clinical syndrome to thrombosis of the axillary and subclavian veins.4 Paget–Schroetter syndrome is also referred to as `effort' thrombosis, because it occurs after unusually strenuous use of the arm and the shoulder.5 An anomaly at the thoracic outlet, such as compression of the subclavian vein between the first rib and a hypertrophied scalene or subclavian tendon, or between those two tendons themselves, is frequently found in affected patients.5 The prevalence of symptomatic upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was evaluated retrospectively at a community teaching hospital.6 It was diagnosed in 65 of 44 136 patients of all ages (0.15%). No patients developed symptomatic pulmonary embolism. Central lines at the site of thrombosis had been inserted in 39 of 65 patients; cancer was diagnosed in 30 of 65 patients (23 of the patients with cancer had central lines); and 19 patients had no apparent cause for their DVT. All patients had swelling of the upper extremities. Erythema over the affected site was present in 4 (6%); pain was present in 26 (40%), and all had discomfort from swelling.


A newly developed stripper plate——NS guided stripper plate is presented with its structure and performance, and the guidance of vapor for liquid flowing forward is brought to light through analysis of the momentum transfer between the liquid and vapor phase on this plate This guidance satisfied the specific separating target of stripping sect The experimental results show that the efficiency of NS guided stripper plate is 20%~30% higher than that of the distillation valve tray in vapor of stripping sect Industrial application of this stripper plate in refinery plant is also presented


Background: Reproductive tract infections (RTI), including sexually transmitted infections (STI), impose a burden of mortality & morbidity through their impact on reproductive & child health, resulting in serious economic, social & psychological consequences. Appropriate treatment of RTI/STI in combination with health education is of major public health importance. Objectives: To study prevalence of STI & factors affecting STIs among married women of reproductive age group in rural area of Parol Primary Health Centre under Thane district. Materials & Method: A community based, cross-sectional study was carried out among 415 married women of reproductive age group selected by stratified simple random sampling from each villages of respective sub centres of Parol PHC for a period of one year. Results: Of the surveyed women (415), prevalence of STI symptomatically was 39% & clinically 32.3%. The most common presenting symptom was vaginal discharge (42%) followed by Burning Micturition (24.7%), Vulval itching (17.3%), Lower abdominal pain (12.3%) & Genital ulcer (3.7%). Out of 415 surveyed women, 49.3% women were diagnosed as having cervicitis & 50.7% women were diagnosed as PID clinically. Almost more than half of the symptom-positive women were of 25-34 years of age. The prevalence of STI decreased with the level of education. Higher prevalence of STI was found in lower socio-economic group, women living in joint families, those having more number of children & women who were using reused cloth during menstruation. Conclusion: In view of the higher prevalence of STI among rural women, primary health care level needs to be strengthened in respect of reproductive health & awareness about reproductive health issues should be raised through suitable communication in order to bring about a positive behaviour change. [Parmar M et al NJIRM 2012; 3(4) : 109-113]


While comparing the occupational injury risk level among enterprises, the critical problem is how to unified quantify the different degree of occupational injuries. In this paper, by analyzing the data from investigation, GHB(grievous bodily harm)ponderance coefficient α and flesh wound ponderance coefficient β relative to death are calculated by loss working days. The values of α and β are in correspondence with relative research results overseas. The value of α and β calculated is a necessary base for quantifying and comparing occupational injury risk among different enterprises.


209Bi was irradiated with 47 MeV/u 12C ions,an the Au isotopes were produced via multinucleon transfer reaction in bombardments of 209Bi with 12C.Au was separated radiochemically from the mixture of Bi and the reaction products.The γ-radioactivities of Au isotopes were measured using a HPGe detector.The production cross sections of Au isotopes were determined based on the activities of Au isotopes at the end of irradiation and the other relational data.It is found that the production cross sections for neutron-deficient Au isotopes deviate from an exponential dependence on Qgg values.The fact demonstrates that neutron-deficient Au isotopes seem to arise from the second process in the reaction.


The arrival of drug-eluting stents (DES) nearly 2 decades ago ignited a revolution in the field of interventional cardiology. The addition of antiproliferative drugs to the stent platform reduced the rate of in-stent restenosis significantly and increased the number of patients that, to this date, have benefited from percutaneous revascularization.1,2 However, its Achilles tendon was initially the higher rate of late stent thrombosis involved. The permanent polymer used in the first generation of DES induced inflammatory and hypersensitivity reactions that delayed endothelization. A health alert followed3 that made the medical community recommend extended courses of dual antiplatelet therapy and put into question the convenience of DES. Beyond the increased rate of stent thrombosis, the first-generation of this type of stents had additional limitations: they were stainless-steel platforms with up to 140 μm thick struts, worse stent navigability, and fewer crossing capabilities. Also, the stent maximum expansion was limited (3.5 mm in the Cypher stent, Cordis Corp.), which occasionally prevented treating left main coronary artery lesions. With the passing of time, this stent technology has been refined to a point that there has been a major overhaul in its 3 main components: platform, polymer, and antiproliferative drug.


In accordance with the requirements of the ACCME's Standards for Integrity and independence in Accredited Continuing Education, each instructor and member of the planning committee has been asked to disclose any relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies (defined as: any entity producing, marketing, re-selling, or distributing health care goods or services consumed by, or used on, patients). All of the relevant financial relationships listed for these individuals have been mitigated.


Review of the results of recent wind-tunnel investigations conducted to provide fundamental aerodynamic information on the upper-surface blown jet-flap concept incorporating high-bypass-ratio turbofan engines. The results of the investigations have shown the concept to have aerodynamic performance generally comparable to that of other externally blown high-lift systems. Some of the more critical problem areas associated with this concept are covered, and solutions which have been found for these problems are discussed.


The efficiency of twin-screw extrusion process to fibrillate cellulose fibers into micro/nanosize in the same step as the compounding of green bionanocomposites of thermoplastic starch (TPS) with 10 wt % fibers was examined. The effect of the proc- essing setup on micro/nanofibrillation and fiber dispersion/distribution in starch was studied using two types of cellulose fibers: bleached wood fibers and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose fibers. A composite with cellulose nanofibers was prepared to examine the nano- fiber distribution and dispersion in the starch and to compare the properties with the composites containing cellulose fibers. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and UV/Vis spectroscopy showed that fibers were not nanofibrillated in the extrusion, but good dispersion and distribution of fibers in the starch matrix was obtained. The addition of cellulose fibers enhanced the mechanical properties of the TPS. Moisture uptake study revealed that the material containing TEMPO-oxidized fibers had higher moisture absorption than the other composites. V C 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2013, 000, 39981.


Purpose of Article is to carry out an analysis of general scientific conditions and a particular theoretical and methodological basis for the formation of professional art history in Ukraine in the XIX – n. XX century as a component of the European science of the art of that time. The methodology of the research is based on the foundations of an integrated approach and the use of analytical, art-comparative, chronological, generalizing methods for the formation of a holistic view of the scientific parameters of national studies of the Ukrainian pictorial classics of the epoch. The scientific novelty is conditioned by the review and systematization of significant national general cultural ideas and leading theories of European science on the art of the late XIX-early XX century as a scientific tool for the research activities of domestic specialists. The leading methodological foundations of art studies of the era were determined: the knowledge and theory of influences, the idea of the national uniqueness of the artistic tradition, iconographic, cultural-historical, artistic-stylistic methods of search analysis as the scientific theoretical basis of the works of Ukrainian amateur and professional. The contribution of the leading European scientists of the period is considered in the development of scientific art criticism and the influence of their ideas on the position of Ukrainian scientists. Conclusions. The material examined allows us to substantiate the principles of the scientific potential of the studies of Ukrainian art critics of the time of self-determination of the science of art. Relying on the totality of domestic socio-cultural factors and the prevailing theoretical and methodological foundations of European art history, the Ukrainian scientists of the period under investigation achieve very significant successes in the formation of the concept of national uniqueness of the national fine arts.


Inefficiency has been a major issue battling the service delivery of non-academic staff in most public universities in Nigeria and this has greatly affected the academic and research outlook of Nigerian universities. Interest in the study was to determine the extent to which induction, demonstration, on-the-job and formal training which are all elements of employee training and development enhance managerial efficiency by looking at employee productivity and quality of service delivery. The study adopts a convenience and stratified sampling technique to select 293 non-academic staffs in selected public universities in Nigeria and the analysis was carried out using the structural equation model (SEM). The results revealed that on-the-job training has a significant negative relationship with the quality of service delivery in Nigerian universities (t=-4.454), (p<0.05) and β=-0.20) which could be because most Nigerian universities do not deliberately place new employees to learn directly from a current employee in order to improve their performance. Hence, the study demonstrates that the only way to resolve inefficiency among non-academic (administrative) staff in public tertiary institutions is to integrate effective training into employee career management and adopt employee performance evaluation process as contained in the private organizations.


Many clustering algorithms exist that estimate a cluster centroid, such as K-means, K-medoids or mean-shift, but no algorithm seems to exist that clusters data by returning exactly K meaningful modes. We propose a natural definition of a K-modes objective function by combining the notions of density and cluster assignment. The algorithm becomes K-means and K-medoids in the limit of very large and very small scales. Computationally, it is slightly slower than K-means but much faster than mean-shift or K-medoids. Unlike K-means, it is able to find centroids that are valid patterns, truly representative of a cluster, even with nonconvex clusters, and appears robust to outliers and misspecification of the scale and number of clusters.


Recent research on rater variation (e.g., Barnwell, 1989; Douglas and Selinker, 1990; Hadden, 1991) raises the question of whether 'linguistically naive' subject specialists may be better equipped than language experts to judge the effectiveness of particular areas of non-native speaker communica tion. This question is investigated with reference to a classroom-based observation schedule which was developed to assess the English language proficiency of non-native speaker graduates training as secondary mathema tics and science teachers. The article examines aspects of rater behaviour as evidenced in recent trials. The schedule was applied to observations of actual performance in the maths and science classroom as well as to the viewing of a number of videoed segments of classroom interaction. Ratings were elicited from two groups of assessors: nine ESL teachers and eight subject specialists (maths/science teachers/teacher trainers). Findings reveal significant correlations between subject specialists' and language teachers' overall judgements of communica tive effectiveness, but differences between the two groups with respect to their ratings of particular dimensions of language use and to the weighing of these dimensions in relation to global proficiency assessments.


Hybrid III dummies used for collision testing in the automotive industry include passive hands that cannot produce any grasping force. Such capability would be useful in low-acceleration collisions or vehicle tipover investigations, since grasping force and hand stiffness may impact the dummy movements during impact. In the context of studying the need for restraining devices for drivers in forklift tilting accidents, a new hand gripper compatible with the Hybrid III dummy was designed to replicate hand grasp capabilities, namely its grip force and stiffness on a steering wheel. A theoretical model of the device was developed to figure out a set of configuration parameters that replicate human hand grasping force and stiffness. Extraction force, manually tuned by a compression spring, was analytically characterised and validated experimentally with a prototype on a uniaxial traction machine. The system exhibits a non-intuitive behaviour, both in terms of extraction force and axial stiffness, due in part to the non-conservative friction forces involved. Tuning simplicity, low cost and robustness were desirable design constraints given the intended usage.


We investigate the spatial dynamics of a predator-prey system with Allee effect. By using bifurcation analysis, the exact Turing domain is found in the parameters space. Furthermore, we obtain the amplitude equations and determine the stability of different patterns. In Turing
space, it is found that predator-prey systems with Allee effect have rich dynamics. Our results indicate that predator mortality plays an important role in the pattern formation of populations. More specifically, as predator mortality rate increases, coexistence of spotted and stripe patterns, stripe patterns, spotted patterns, and spiral wave emerge successively. The results enrich the finding in the spatial predator-prey systems well.


The dielectric properties of PMN-BT solid solution ceramics were systematically studied. The change of the transition temperature with composition is in the form of "U" curve and the possible cause may be existing of paraelectric phase Ba(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 in PMN-BT ceramics. The effects of composition on dielectric relaxation for PMN-BT ceramics were studied. With increasing BT content, dielectric relaxation of PMN-BT ceramics was increasing first, then decreasing. The characteristics of phase transition temperature of the ferroelectric solution composed of two perovskite compound were also discussed.


The crystal structure of β-lactose (C12H22O11) was solved by direct phasing methods with integrated photographic intensity data. The structure was refined by the anisotropic least-squares method to give a final R value of 0.068 for the observed reflections. The space group is P21 with Z=2 and with unit cell dimensions of a=10.839 (6), b=13.349 (6), c=4.954 (5) A, and β=91.31 (9)°. All the hydrogen atoms were located on different syntheses. The crystals are nearly isostructural with those of β-cellobiose except for the axial O(4) atom. The exocyclic C(5)–C(6) and C(5′)–C(6′) bonds are significantly shorter than the other C–C bonds. The lengths of the two ring C–O bonds are unequal in the galactose unit and equal in the glucose unit. The C(1)–O(1) and C(1′)–O(1′) bond lengths are shorter by 0.015 A and 0.030 A than the mean exocyclic C–O length of 1.417 A. The structure contains an intramolecular hydrogen bond and exhibits an asymmetrical twist about the bridge bond. All the oxygen atoms, except the bridge ...


Objective:To investigate the effect of early hyperglycemia on prognosis with idiopathic acute cerebral hemorrhage patient. Methods: 80 patients with idiopathic acute cerebral hemorrhage were studied retrospectively. The patients were divided into diabetes mellitus group (12. cases), hyperglycemia group (38 cases) and normal group(30 cases). Contrast the relation between early hyperglycemia and prognosis in these cases. Results: The death rate was significant higher in hyperglycemia group than normal group (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between diabetes mellitus group and hyperglycemia group (P>0.05). Conclusion: The prognosis were baddish of acute cerebral hemorrhage patient with early hyperglycemia whether here is incorporate diabetes mellitus or not.


(aprt) gene.Infection ofa hemizygous CHO APRT- cell line containing a3-bpdeletion inexon5oftheaprtgenewith arecombinant adenovirus containing thewild-type generesulted inrestoration oftheAPRT+phenotype ata frequency of10'- to10-6 per infected cell. A relatively highfrequency (approximately 6to20%Yo) ofthetransductants appearstoresult froma homologous recombination event. Themutation on thechromosomal aprtgeneiscorrected inthehomologous recombinants, andAPRTexpression isrestored toa normalhemizygous level. Neither adenovirus nor exogenous promoter sequencesaredetected inthehomologous recombinants. Theremaining transductants result from randomintegration oftheaprt genewiththeadenovirus sequence.A numberofadenovirus vectors containing different promoter sequenceslinked tothehamster aprtgenewereconstructed. Apossible role forthepromoter region inthehomologous recombination event was indicated bythelackofhomologous recombination in constructs lacking an active promoter. Theuseofviral vectors asgenetransfer agents isan area ofincreasing interest. A numberofsuccessful viral vectors foruse inhumangenetherapy havebeenrecently developed.Theseinclude retrovirus andadenovirus vectors. Retrovirus vectorshavebeenusedbothinvitro (9)and recently invivo(11, 40)andareveryefficient agents ofgene delivery. However, one oftheprimary objections totheuse ofretrovirus inhumangenetherapy istherandomness ofthe integration event(14). Thismay result ininsertional mutagenesis (20) or inaberrant regulation oftheinserted gene. Adenovirus vectors were originally developed (6)andtested foruse as recombinant vaccines, anda numberofsuch vectors containing heterologous viral genessuchas those encoding hepatitis B virussurface antigen (41), human immunodeficiency virusenvelope proteins (30), andpseudorabies virusglycoproteins (12)havebeenconstructed. Morerecently, ithasbeenshownthatreplication-defective recombinant adenoviruses can beusedas efficient expressionvectorsforgene therapy. Rosenfeld etal.(31,32) delivered thecDNAsforthea1-antitrypsin andcystic fibrosistransmembrane conductance regulator genestocotton ratsbyinsertion ofthese exogenousDNAs intotheElA region ofadenovirus. Stratford-Perricaudet etal.(34) used theornithine transcarbamylase cDNA inasimilar fashion. In all ofthese experiments, excellent expression oftheinserted genewas obtained. Wehavepreviously reported theconstruction andefficient expression inmouse L cells ofan adenovirus type5(Ad5) vectorcontaining thehamster adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (aprt) gene(21). Stable transductants oftheaprtgene occurred inwhichtheaprtgene was integrated intothe mouse chromosome ina randomfashion ata frequency of 10-6. Inthis paper,we report successful detection oftargeted integration oftheintroduced gene,using this vectorin CHO cells. Theserecombinant adenoviruses arereplication competent andcontain awild-type CHO aprtgene.Infection


This article focuses on emerging notions of choles terol trafficking between and within the several ovar ian tissues, cells, and subcellular compartments. The purpose is to collate and integrate seminal infor mation to form a contemporary working overview consistent with ovarian endocrine biology. The long-range objective is to improve our understanding of basic and clinical features of ovarian function. Em phasis is given to the ovarian cellular dynamics of cholesterol and other lipids as it relates to steroido genesis and ovarian physiology. The discussion does not focus on prepubertal and postmenopausal ovarian function, ovarian endocrinopathies, or malignancy.


The specificity of a medaka vitellogenin (Vtg) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was tested on adult hybrid tilapia to determine if vitellogenin could be successfully measured in tilapia using this method. Adult hybrid (Orechromis niloticus x Oreochromis mossambicus x Oreochromis aureus) tilapia were injected with 17β-estradiol (E2) at 5 μg/g body weight (b.w.) in two separate experiments and exposed to 2.5 μg/g b.w. E2 through aquaria water in a third experiment. All fish were exposed to solvent controls (50/50 PBS/ethanol, or 59/41 PBS/ ethanol) proportional to the volume of estradiol solvent used. Experiment 1 was terminated due to a decrease in fish health and unexpected mortalities. Experiment 2 was continued though there was again a decrease in fish health and mortalities before experiment was completed. According to one-way ANOVA, Experiment 2 treatment groups were significantly different (P<0.05); however, Tukey's pairwise comparisons showed no differences between treatment groups. Experiment 3 results showed statistical differences between some treatment groups (P<0.001). However, maximum vitellogenin levels reached 1250 ng/mL Vtg, which were much lower than induced vitellogenin levels from literature (0.002 mg/mL to 6 mg/mL). Typical induction trends should be as follows: male control<female control< induced male<induced female; however, these trends were not observed in this study. For these reasons, the medaka vitellogenin ELISA kit was determined not specific to tilapia vitellogenin. This research was performed due to the fact that tilapia are farmed worldwide, and to increase


The paper presents the results of designing and implementing an educational programme in risk analysis of security and resilience of critical infrastructures. The main goal of the programme is to create a knowledge base for multidisciplinary research on critical infrastructure risk management and develop a security curriculum for suitable and recognized industry and academic experts. It is expected that this programme will allow training of highly-qualified specialists and arm them with up-to-date tools and techniques enabling security risk assessment, risk management, and response to new challenges of cyber society.


We compute the matrix elements of the energy-momentum tensor between glueball states and the vacuum in SU(3) lattice gauge theory and extrapolate them to the continuum. These matrix elements may play an important phenomenological role in identifying glue-rich mesons. Based on a relation derived long ago by the ITEP group for J/ψ radiative decays, the scalar matrix element leads to a branching ratio for the glueball that is at least three times larger than the experimentally observed branching ratio for the f0 mesons above 1GeV. This suggests that the glueball component must be diluted quite strongly among the known scalar mesons. Finally we review the current best continuum determination of the scalar and tensor glueball masses, the deconfining temperature, the string tension and the Lambda parameter, all in units of the Sommer reference scale, using calculations based on the Wilson action.


Diabetes mellitus and its complications, including chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease, pose a substantial public health burden. In spite of numerous effective medications for diabetes mellitus, the optimal management of diabetes mellitus remains elusive. Three large randomized controlled trials of intensive glycemic control (HbA1c [Hemoglobin A1c] of 6.4%–6.9% achieved) compared with control arms (HbA1c of 7.0%–8.4%) observed only minor cardiovascular benefits from lower HbA1c targets, and one of those trials found increased all-cause mortality in the intensive treatment arm.1 Although microvascular complications are consistently reduced by better glycemic control, intensive glycemic control has also been consistently associated with increased risk of hypoglycemia.1,2 Reflecting the heterogeneity of patients with diabetes mellitus and the competing risks and benefits of lower glycemic control targets, the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes guidelines for diabetes mellitus treatment recommend individualization of glycemic control goals based on patient preferences, comorbidities, severity of diabetes mellitus–related complications, and life expectancy.3 In spite of the cautious language adopted by the American Diabetes Association and European Association for the Study of Diabetes, many recent studies demonstrate potentially avoidable hypoglycemic events,4 possible overtreatment in vulnerable populations,5–7 and low rates of diabetes mellitus medication deintensification in individuals with low HbA1c or at risk for hypoglycemia.4,8 This growing body of literature has brought attention to the morbidity caused by diabetes mellitus treatment and motivated further investigation into the causes of, consequences of, and strategies to prevent potentially harmful overtreatment.

See Article by McAlister et al

In this issue of Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes , McAlister et al9 report on rates of diabetes mellitus medication deintensification in individuals with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. They used retrospective data from Optum Insight from …


Abstract A systematic method for improving the door closing sound (DCS) of vehicles is developed. Two vehicles are chosen. One is the target used for modification and the other is the competitor for comparison. The primary focus of this paper is to assimilate the DCS of this target vehicle to that of the competitor systematically. Several parameters are developed specifically to represent the DCS quantitatively during the assimilating procedure. These parameters are used to represent the DCS of the target and competitive vehicles and the discrepancy between them. Contribution analysis based on Maxwell reciprocity is proposed to rank the critical components that have the most impact on the DCS of the target vehicle. Therefore the DCS of the target vehicle can be improved by choosing the proper component for modification while taking cost into consideration. Finally, several examples of component modifications are demonstrated to show that the DCS of the target vehicle can be tailored to be close to that of the competitor in a cost effective way based on the proposed methodology and parameters of the DCS.


Pentecostals and charismatics have a real interest in Spirit-hermeneutics because they seriously want to know what the Spirit is saying to the churches in our generation. Helping them in this regard are the dynamic interpretive practices of the Lord and his disciples. By means of them they were able to set texts free to become words of God in new ways. They became sensitive, not only to the historical meaning of texts, but to the promises contained in them. They read texts, not only with an eye to past meanings, but with an eye for the future.


The main differences between the processing methods generally used for cottage cheese manufacture are the coagulation temperature and starter concentration. The effects of these factors on cottage cheese gels were investigated. Gels were made with a low rennet concentration. Gel formation was monitored using infrared light backscatter and dynamic small amplitude oscillatory rheology. Light backscatter profile was explained by a complex combination of casein micelle aggregation, curd firming and micelle demineralization. Increasing temperature or inoculum concentration resulted in faster network formation, which resulted in more viscous and less stiff gels. Activation energy of aggregation decreased significantly with increasing starter concentration. Casein aggregation had a higher temperature coefficient than firming and transition from rennetto acid-type gels mostly occurred during curd firming stage of network formation. The second minimum of the backscatter profile second derivative and the rheological gelation time were highly correlated but not significantly different, suggesting that they both corresponded to the beginning of gel firming. r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


The adhesive tape technique using a synthetic adhesive instead of vaseline was used for collecting fallout dust. ABSTRACT #20664 CANNOT BE SCANNED


The objective of this study was to determine whether the presence of estrogenized females and sexually inactive males stimulates the estrous activity of anovulatory goats, and if the percentage of females estrogenized affects this response. Three groups (n = 31 each) of anovulatory females exposed to two males/group were used. The first group was exposed to six estrogenized females (G20 %), a second group was exposed to tree estrogenized females (G10 %), and the third group was exposed to six non estrogenized females (G0 %). The total percentage of goats in estrus during the study was similar between the groups G20 and G20 % ( 93 and 90 %, respectively, P>0.05), but different in the group G0 %, where any female was in estrus (P<0.01). The onest of estrous activity was slower in the G10 % (167.8±17 h) than in the G20 % (142 ± 20 h, P<0.001). Our results suggest that at the time of the male effect, the presence of estrogenized females stimulates the estrus activity of the native anovulatory females from the Mexican semi-desert, and that the presence of 20 % of estrogenized females reduces the period between male introduction + estrogenized females regarding the onset of estral activity or the latency to the first estrus. PALABRAS CLAVE: Efecto hembra, anestro estacional, actividad sexual.


Introduction Part 1: The Broader Context 1. Sport, Theory and the Problem of Values 2. Sport, History and Social Change 3. Sport, Global Finance and Economics 4. Sport, Politics and Culture Part 2: Sport, Globalisation and Other Communities 5. Globalisation and Global Sport 6. Internationalism, Reconciliation and Sport in the Making of Nations 7. Sport, Community and Others 8. Sport, Law and Governance 9. Sport, Social Media and Television 10. Sport, Social Capital and Education Part 3: Sport, and Contemporary Social Issues 11. Sport, and the Environment 12. Sport, Body and World Health 13. Sport , Violence and Crime 14. Sport, Religion and Spirituality 15. Sport, the Olympics and Major Sporting Events 16. Sport, Lifestyles and Alternative cultures Part 4: Sport as a Resource of Hope 17. Sport , Social Inequality and Social Movement 18. Sport, Poverty and International Development 19. Sport and Social Change 20. Sport, the Public Intellectual and the University. Conclusions: Theses on sport, culture and society


The invention provides a smooth restart traffic disruption processing method and a smooth restart traffic disruption processing device. The method comprises the steps as follows: an auxiliary router receives an indication message sent by a restart router, wherein the indication message is the message that the restart router instructs the auxiliary router to generate an abstract interaction completion event for the restart router; the auxiliary router generates the abstract interaction completion event for the restart router according to the indication message; and the auxiliary router adjusts an own neighbor state to be a complete adjoining state according to the abstract interaction completion event, and instructing the restart router to generate the abstract interaction completion event for the auxiliary router. According to the method and the device provided by the invention, the problem of traffic disruption in a smooth restart process in related technologies is solved, and thus traffic disruption is avoided during the smooth restart process.


Patient education is believed to be an effective treatment in patients with diabetes mellitus, and diabetes mellitus education classes play an important role in patient education. During this study, we evaluated the effects of a diabetes mellitus education class that was developed as a result of the findings of an antidiabetic drug-awareness questionnaire entitled : "Self-diagnosis for Proper Drug Use." Eighty patients participated in the diabetes mellitus education class that was held at our hospital from January to April 1999. A total of 66 patients (65.7+ /-8.6yr, 31 male, 35 female, BMI 22.3+ /-4.4kg/m2) who replied to the questionnaire "Self-diagnosis for Proper Drug Use" were included in the study. Sixty-five patients who attended the "Drugs Often Used for Diabetes Mellitus" lecture between October 1999 and January 2000 were included as controls. The questionnaire "Self-diagnosis for Proper Drug Use" focused on group work, and included questions that the patients could easily answer about their medication. Changes in blood sugar control index (HbAlc value) were measured when patients attended the education class, and 6 months and 1 year after the class.In the group taking a self-diagnosis for proper drug use and controls, the mean HbAlc level at 6 months was (6.36+/-1.01%), (6.88+/-1.14%) and that of about 1 year was (6.44+/-1.40%), (6.74+/-0.82%). However, in comparison to the controls, a significant difference was seen in the degree of improvement in HbAlc levels about 6 months and 1 year later (p = 0.02). These findings suggest that the diabetes mellitus education class that was introduced by" Self-diagnosis for Proper Drug Use" had a positive influence on patients with diabetes and thereby helped these patients to achieve proper blood sugar control levels.


A series of preliminary experiments was completed to check skin-testing techniques with both our crude saline extract antigen and Melcher's antigen. Some of the sensitized mice that had been injected into the abdominal skin with test doses of 20 and 100 uLg of trichinella protein developed what appeared to be positive DH reactions, but reactions in some controls, due presumably to nonspecific irritation produced by particulate matter, made differentiation uncertain. In the 2 final experiments, Melcher's antigen and the footpad swelling test were used and the results with peak reactions at 24 hr were unequivocal. It required 7 days after completion of sensitization to obtain consistently strong reactions, and 2 sensitizations produced much more swelling than one. Proof for a characteristic DH response was obtained in tissue sections that showed a predominant infiltration of mononuclear cells. We have shown repeatedly that mice sensitized twice by footpad injections of an antigen-adjuvant mixture develop striking immunity to a challenging infection with Trichinella spiralis (Larsh et al., 1969, 1970a,b, 1972, 1973). Moreover, spleen cells transferred from such artificially sensitized donors consistently conferred a significant degree of immunity upon recipients as measured by the numbers of adult worms in the small intestine 11 days after a challenging infection. Because macrophages were inhibited in migration when mixed with spleen cells from such sensitized mice in the presence of the antigen (Cypess and Larsh, 1970), we assumed tentatively that delayed hypersensitivity (DH) had been transferred adoptively to the recipients. However, despite the fact that macrophage migration inhibition, an in vitro correlate of DH, and delayed dermal sensitivity, an in vivo correlate, usually coexist, it seemed worthwhile to make a separate, direct study of the relation between dermal sensitivity and immunity produced by artificial sensitization(s). The present paper is limited to studies of this relation in sensitized


Abstract 3878 Poster Board III-814 Introduction Despite recent therapeutic improvements in the management of myeloma it remains an incurable disease. New therapies are therefore required. Pomalidomide (POM, Celgene) is a thalidomide derived immunomodulatory agent with similar preclinical spectrum of activity as lenalidomide. In Phase 1 studies we have previously demonstrated that POM monotherapy is well tolerated by patients with relapsed myeloma determining a maximum tolerated dose of 2mg od or 5mg on alternate days (Schey et al. JCO 2004; Streetly et al. BJHaem 2008). The toxicity profile was acceptable and overall response rates of 54 and 50% were observed with daily and alternate day dosing respectively. The current study examines long term responses, progression and survival outcomes. Patients were entered into the POM daily dosing or alternate day dosing Phase 1 studies between March 2001 and September 2003 and continued to receive treatment with POM until progressive disease (PD) or Grade 3 or greater non-haematological toxicity. Patients with PD were eligible to receive dexamethasone in addition to POM. POM became unavailable in May 2005 and patients still receiving drug were switched to receive lenalidomide. All patients gave informed consent. Results 44 patients received treatment with POM at a dose of 1mg alternate days – 10mg od. A median of 3 (range 1 – 8) prior lines of therapy had been received. POM was received for a median of 9.3 months (1 – 53). Following POM withdrawal 8/44 patients who had not developed PD subsequently received lenalidomide from a median of 30 months after starting POM. Overall responses by IMWG criteria to POM monotherapy were: CR 13.6%, VGPR 4.5%, PR 34%, MR 9%, SD 29.5% and PD 7% giving an overall response rate (>PR) of 52%. Dexamethasone was introduced for PD for 10 patients and prolonged SD for 1 patient. 5/10 of these patients had >MR response to the addition of dexamethasone. With a median follow-up of 28 months the median PFS was 13.7 months and median OS was 28 months. Patients who had a PR response or better received POM for a median of 17.5 months and had improved PFS (median 19.8 months) and OS (median 42 months). 8/44 patients subsequently received lenalidomide. 7/8 of these patients have now developed PD at a median 26 months from commencing lenalidomide and 74 months from starting POM. Conclusions POM is a very well tolerated drug with excellent long term responses observed in this Phase 1/2 setting predominantly as monotherapy. Phase 2 studies are ongoing and results of these are awaited with interest. Disclosures: Streetly: Celgene: Honoraria. Schey: Celgene: Honoraria.


We present NQR experiments for the planar Cu sites in superconducting Pr2Ba4Cu7O14.5 (Tc = 15 K). The planar signals observed around 30 MHz at 300K disappear below 285 K, which indicates that a large internal magnetic field is present at the planar sites due to antiferromagnetic ordering below TN = 285 K. Indeed, we observe NQR signals at 50 – 130 MHz, well below TN. From the lineshape analysis, we found that there are two chemically inequivalent planar Cu sites with internal magnetic fields of 7.1 T and 9.6 T. This confirms that the planar Cu sites are insulating, while metallic conductivity is due to the CuO double chains. Thus, it is very likely to say that the superconductivity in Pr2Ba4Cu7O14.5 is driven by the CuO double chains, not by the CuO2 planes.


Introduction: Patient and social aspects form a key domain within health technology assessments (HTAs) but are less well established in rapid HTA. Patient aspects can add value to HTAs by aiding in interpretation of variations in intervention effectiveness or providing context on the impact of interventions on patients' lives. This poster describes initial experience of incorporating patient aspects into a rapid HTA for the Scottish National Health Service. Methods: A rapid review explored using qualitative literature to understand patient issues relating to transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for head and neck cancer. Literature searches identified qualitative studies or systematic reviews of qualitative studies using two search filters: one for patient perspectives and another for qualitative study designs. Results: No qualitative literature specific to the exact question posed in the HTA was identified. Instead the project focused on patient experiences of alternative treatments (radiotherapy or open surgery) and identifying patient-important outcomes, such as speech function or lack of facial disfigurement. Pragmatic decisions on study selection were required in the TORS review due to the large volume of literature identified: we only included the most recent studies and limited our selection to patients with specific forms of head and neck cancer. Selecting studies from a large volume of literature may be an issue for future rapid HTAs attempting to incorporate qualitative evidence. The qualitative studies were summarised and used to inform advice issued to NHSScotland by the Scottish Health Technologies Group (SHTG). Conclusions: Patient aspects can be incorporated into rapid HTAs using systematic and pragmatic approaches to identifying and summarizing qualitative literature. Future rapid HTAs by SHTG may include syntheses of qualitative studies rather than summaries. Patient submissions are also being piloted as a method of collating patient experiences.


The Take Pride Community Fund was a one-off pot of funding, worth £294,800 in total, for use in the Lancaster District. It came from the share of council tax on second homes received by Lancashire County Council.
The fund was made available...


In clinical studies, pathogen inactivation (PI) of platelet concentrates (PC) with amotosalen and UVA light did not impact patient risk for haemorrhage but may affect transfusion frequency and component utilization. We evaluated the influence of platelet PI on PC, red cell concentrate (RCC) and plasma use and safety in routine practice in a large regional hospital.


The purpose of this paper is to propose and evaluate a new depreciation method within the historical cost framework which will produce a clearly "interpretable" and potentially usefu1 depreciation expense value for any period of time. We shall begin with a reference to Professor Thomas' statement about the impossibility of non-arbitrary allocations. And we will assert that taking a different view on the "matching" concept will free us from his "impossibility" proposition. We will also indicate the possibility that further research into cost allocation problems may not be a priori insignificant. Then, based upon this possibility, we will develop a proposal for a cost allocation scheme (depreciation) which is "interpretable", i.e., which has a clear semantic content within the confine of the historical cost valuation.


This is a set of codes for numerical simulation of nonlinear thermo-compositional convection and of convection-driven dynamos in rotating spherical shells. The code has been benchmarked (Matsui et al 2016) and has been used extensively for modelling of the geodynamo, planetary and stellar dynamos (Simitev 2002-2018).

The main numerical code uses a pseudo-spectral spatial discretisation, see (Tilgner 1999). The idea and early mathematical formulations were conceived by Busse. Early implementations were done by Tilgner, Ardes and Grote. Simitev maintained, modified, and used the code extensively, including introduction of a governing equation for the concentration within the project acknowledged below. Silva ported the code to Fortran 95 and open source libraries, and prepared the documentation (2014-16).


Copper nanowires (NWs) were constructed on a dendritic copper powder precursor by a facile thermal oxidation-reduction method. First, copper oxide NWs were grown from high purity dendritic copper powder by thermal oxidation at 500°C. Next, these oxide NWs were reduced to copper NWs under a hydrogen flow at two different temperatures of 220 and 500°C. Oxide NW diameters distribution was in the range of 50-105 nm with length ranging from 1 to 5 μm while copper NWs were shorter and wider. A time-dependent study of oxide NWs growth was carried out. The morphology, composition and crystal structure of the resulting products were characterised by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The results indicated that the final product of oxidation process was dispersed cupric oxide (CuO) NW whose density and length increased with time. Furthermore, it was observed that as the reduction temperature increased, the copper NW melted and adhered to the powder surface.


The first Design B Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) dipole magnet has been successfully tested. This magnet was heavily instrumented with temperature and strain gage sensors in order to evaluate its adherence to design constraints and design calculations. The instrumentation and associated data acquisition system allowed monitoring of the magnet during cooldown, warmup, and quench testing. This paper will focus on the results obtained from structural measurements on the suspension system during normal and rapid cooldowns and during quench studies at full magnet current. 4 refs., 9 figs.


A state-feedback controller was designed to mimic the Starling response of the heart in a mock circulatory system (MCS). Reference volume trajectory of the mock ventricle was determined by the maximum ventricular elastance (E/sub max/), end-systolic ventricular pressure, and left atrial pressure. The controller drives a voice coil actuator (VCA) to follow the reference volume, and thus generates the desired chamber pressure, by using position and speed feedbacks. The nonlinear load applied to the VCA was compensated for by using the chamber pressure measurement to improve the controller response. The controller was tested in computer simulation by changing the load conditions and E/sub max/ of the MCS. The MCS along with the controller was able to reproduce the human heart function from healthy to sick conditions. This control algorithm is to be implemented in a digital signal processor to control the MCS for left ventricular assist device testing.


The necessity of using the controlled heat treatment technology of oil instead of «hot pumping» is substantiated. A number of advantages of the "cold" transportation of oil are presented, as well as the main tasks that need to be solved for the successful usage of the above technology at the trunk oil pipelines. The main drawbacks of the heat exchanging equipment used at the heating and pumping stations of trunk pipelines for non-Newtonian solidifying waxy oils. Particular attention is paid to deposition and accumulation of wax in the flowing part of the equipment as well as the possibility of their safe quickly cleaning. The use of domestic twisted steel heat exchangers based on small radius bent tube is proposed. Constructive advantages of the proposed twisted heat exchangers are compared with the traditionally used equipment - shell-and-tube exchangers with horizontal and U-shaped arrangement of pipes, fully-welded plate heat exchangers, as well as finning air cooling units. For comparison, such technical and economic indicators as heat transfer rate, per surface area of heat exchange, complexity of operation, maintenance and repair, reliability and structural strength under cyclic loads in difficult thermobaric conditions are adopted. The issues of using twisted steel heat exchangers based on small radius bent tubes at trunk pipelines objects are considered taking into account successful experience of application in other industries.


Focuses on the value approach to the historical reconstruction movement. The authors analyse values generated by the movement and distinguish between the general cultural values that influence personal development and values related to the military cultures of the past. The activities of the military reconstruction participants that enrich contemporary cultural space and raise personal moral ideals are considered as a type of "spirit engineering."