Abstract Distributions having beta conditional distributions arise in connection with the generation of distributions for random proportions which do not necessarily possess neutrality properties (see [3]). The family of bivariate distributions for which both conditional distributions are beta is evaluated, and some multivariate extensions are briefly discussed. The bivariate Dirichlet distribution is characterized by the assumptions that both conditional distributions and one marginal distribution are beta.


In the introduction we summarize the ways of time perception in the history. The findings we apply
by the analysis of two specific publications: short-story collection Marie Noel and novel Tobias
from the marshland by Sylvie Germain. These works were inspired by The Bible. Here we can discover
several layers of time and space, its transformation, transparency and message: biblical level,
level of the story, certain timelessness, and generality of handed over values. Simple, known story
is here updated and implanted to the present time. We speculate about following problem: Can be
inner space of heroes, their struggles and identity searching greater than real space and time, which
is around them. We study, how time and space of their ancestors determinate their behavior. Can we
talk about reflection of eternity in literature?


The theoretical approaches to the study of social doctrine, in particular the social doctrine of tourism is considered in the article. The social features of tourism development in modern conditions are reviewed. The basic approaches to understanding of social tourism as a separate type of tourism and its influence on social development are analyzed. The social content of the tourist service is considered as signs of social stratification. The content of the concept of social doctrine of tourism is defined. The necessity of development and realization of effective social doctrine of tourism with the consideration of regional social specifics is substantiated. The scheme of the functional structure of the social doctrine of tourism is developed. The features of culture and education as the key components of the social doctrine of tourism are determined. The expediency of improving the quality of vocational education in tourism has been substantiated in connection with the intensification of social processes and raising the level of social and economic development.


97.3%, a specificity of 83.0%, a positive predictive value of 70.6% and a negative predictive value of 98.6%. No melano-mas were misidentified when both techniques were used together. Conclusions: CSLM had a relatively higher sensitivity than dermoscopy; however, the specificity was similar with CSLM and dermoscopy. These results suggest that der-moscopy and CSLM are complementary.


This article uses various qualitative and quantitative data sources to investigate how bank loans granted to Belgian SME s were affected in the wake of the recent economic and financial crisis.Credit demand from SMEs declined, albeit to a lesser extent than demand from larger firms, which made more use of alternative instruments owing to their easier access to financial markets. On the supply side, survey data indicate that banks perceive SME s as presenting a higher risk, so that they apply tighter credit conditions to this type of firms. Firm-level data suggest that the increase in credit risk was mostly concentrated within a relatively small fraction of Belgian SME s whose financial health deteriorated somewhat faster after the onset of the crisis. These divergent risk profiles seem to have been taken into account by Belgian banks in their credit policy. This is confirmed by an econometric analysis that links the financial situation of the SME s to their access to bank credit. It shows that Belgian banks do indeed take account of the SME s' financial situation but did not become more risk-averse after the onset of the crisis as far as existing lender-borrower relationships are concerned. However, they tended to favour lower risk profiles when granting loans to SME s which were not part of their existing corporate clientele.


Surgicalperitonitis 39tis inevitably produces a greater morbidityandmortality.Simpleremovaloftheperitoneal dialysis cathetermaynotgive adequate exposure to rule out an intra-abdominalemergency. Awareness and a high index of suspicionamong staff will ensure prompt referral and theappropriate operation bya suitably experienced surgeon.Thiscanonlyserveto decreasethemortality rate in thesepatients.


This brief aims to show that a linear proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller is theoretically valid for tracking control of robotic manipulators driven by compliant actuators. The control problem is formulated into a three-time-scale singular perturbation formula, including a slow time scale at the rigid robot dynamics, one actual fast time scale at the actuator dynamics, and another virtual fast time scale at the controller dynamics. A PID-type controller is derived to guarantee semiglobal practical exponential stability of the rigid robot dynamics, and a derivative-type controller is applied to establish global exponential stability of the actuator dynamics. Based on a state transformation to the closed-loop rigid robot dynamics and the extended Tikhonov's theorem, it is proven that the entire system has semiglobal practical exponential stability under a proper choice of control parameters. The proposed controller is not only structurally simple and model-free resulting in low implementation cost, but also robust against external disturbances and parameter variations. The current design is only valid while the spring stiffness is relatively large compared with other parameters of the robot dynamics. Experimental results based on a single-link compliant robotic manipulator have verified effectiveness of the proposed approach.


Abstract : The building of the Tsimlyanskiy Water Basin and the regulation of the Don and Kuban' discharges into the Sea of Azov by using the water for irrigation of farm lands are causing an increase in the salinity of the Sea of Azov, since 1952 from 10 and 11%. to 12%. and more. As a consequence, the shipworms such as teredos and limnorians, are gradually migrating from the Black Sea into the Sea of Azov via Kerchenskiy proliv (K. Strait). Examination of wooden vessels, piles of wharves and poles of stake nets disclose the critical localities in the Sea of Azov that are being infested by the pests, especially by the most destructive shipworm found in the seas of the Soviet Union--Teredo navalis L. The salinity and temperature conditions, including their stability and variations by months, seasons, and years are also discussed in order to determine the factors that affect the migration of wood borers into the Sea of Azov and to point out the damage committed by them. (Author)


Insufficient sleep, especially for students, has been a hot topic in news for the past few years. However, despite this increase in media attention, the number of adolescents with unrecognized sleep difficulties continues to grow. A partnership between Janet Weis Children's Hospital (Geisinger) and Montgomery School District was established to pilot a program called "Wake Up and Learn" (WUAL). WUAL is a population based preventative sleep screening and education program for 7th to 12th graders through an asynchronous virtual platform. This is a descriptive summary of implementation of WUAL and early phase results.

 The WUAL team consists of a board-certified pediatric sleep specialist, school guidance counselor and 2 project managers. The Protection of Pupil Rights Amendment (PPRA) was considered. A letter describing the program with an opt-out option was provided. WUAL website was developed to serve as an educational resource and to access the surveys. The surveys were generated using REDcap and included the Epworth sleepiness scale -CHAD (ESS) and the childhood sleep habits questionnaire (CHSQ). The surveys became available online and the students were instructed access the website and complete the surveys as part of class time.

 A total of 289 surveys were accessed, 287 ESS (99%) and 281 CSHQ (97%) were completed. Pathologic ESS scores (> 9), suggesting excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), was identified in 75 students (26%). Scores suggestive of sleep dysfunction (> 41) on the CSHQ was found in 184 students (65%). Out of the 184 students 64 students also had an abnormal ESS.

 This method of screening has demonstrated a high degree of successful completion. Based on early data, sleep pathology may be more prevalent than typically reported in children (20–25%). EDS was common, present in a quarter of students. However, of 184 students with abnormal CHSQ only 35% also had EDS. This suggests that there may be a need to identify alternative daytime dysfunction, such as school performance or mental health symptoms. This is an ongoing program that will have further updates and plans for expansion to more school districts.

 Grant Funding Support from Jazz Pharmaceuticals and Janet Weis Children's Hospital (Geisinger)


The essence of analytic geometry of space course consists in setting up a correspondence between the points of the space and real numbers. With the rapid development of technology, the students need technology supported mathematics learning to solve geometry problems. The aims of this study are to measure students' mathematical spatial reasoning abilities on surface of revolution and ellipsoids using Autograph software. The samples were 43 mathematics education students in second year. This research used quantitative descriptive method. The results showed that 85% of students obtained good category in formula concept of surface of revolution, 80% of students obtained good category on developing object arrangement and parts correlation. 75% of students obtained good enough category on the ellipsoid concept of object rotating and formula on ellipsoid, 65% of students obtained not good enough category on object observing and analyzing from rotating, equations and conclusions. Student attitude showed positive towards surface of revolution and ellipsoids using autograph


This paper starts with the component combination of information architecture and the coral content of user experience,and analyses the relation between two,what's more,establishes the information architecture model on the basis of user experience,and discusses the implementation method.


1. Plug (10) of the pedal assembly, attached to the vehicle and comprising a panel mounted in it the axis (20), on which the at least one pedal (30) and at least one ring (60) located opposite the universal joint (50 ) of said steering column of the vehicle. ! 2. Plug (10) of the pedal assembly according to claim 1, wherein the ring (60) secured against translational movement along the axis by at least one means of retention of said ring (60). ! 3. Plug (10) of the pedal assembly according to claim 1, comprising a shaft (20), on which there are at least a pedal (30) and brake pedal (40) clutch. ! 4. Plug (10) of the pedal assembly according to claim 2, comprising a shaft (20), on which there are at least a pedal (30) and brake pedal (40) clutch. ! 5. Plug (10) of the pedal assembly according to claim 3, wherein the ring (60) is arranged between two pedals (30, 40). ! 6. Plug (10) of the pedal assembly according to claim 4, wherein the ring (60) is arranged between two pedals (30, 40). ! 7. Plug (10) of the pedal assembly according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the ring (60) blocked on one side by translational movement along the axis (20), the pedal (30 or 40) and on the other hand - a fork (10 ) or other pedal (30 or 40). ! 8. Plug (10) of the pedal assembly according to claim 7, wherein the ring (60) and at least one neighboring pedal is mounted on a sleeve embracing the shaft (20). ! 9. Plug (10) of the pedal assembly according to any one of claims 1-6, 8, wherein the ring (60) made of rigid material. ! 10. Plug (10) of the pedal assembly according to claim 7, wherein the ring (60) made of rigid material! 11. Plug (10) of the pedal assembly according to any one of claims 1-6, 8, 10, in which the ring (60) made of plastic material. ! 12. Plug (10) of the pedal assembly according to claim 7, wherein the ring (60) vypo


To echo your concern, we were cognizant that commercially available NADP was conceivably "contaminated" with a tracebut nevertheless germaneamount of NAADP. And, indeed, Sigma does not discount this possibility in their NADP compound (personal communication). If this contaminant was present, the attenuation of net ER calcium ascribed to NADP could be specious, that is, the uptake reduction due chiefly to an opening of a NAADP-activated efflux channel in the endoplasmic reticulum(ER). Moreover, we were mindful of the parabola-shaped, dose–response effect of the ligand NAADP on its cognate channel. Accordingly, we painstakingly explored logarithmically different concentrations of NAADP alone (no NADP added), ranging from 0.5 nmol/L to 1 mmol/L, on both ER calcium uptake and egress. There was no effect of NAADP save a mild reduction of uptake at 1 mmol/L. As for this latter observation, at present there is no explanation. Furthermore, In the Discussion section, arguments were adduced that our microsome preparation would doubtfully contain the enzymatic machinery or chemical conditions to generate NAADP from added NADP. Parenthetically, our microsomes are devoid of cytochrome c oxidase and monoamine oxidase (mitochondrial markers), and rich in glucose dehydrogenase, glucose 6 phosphatase, and NADPH cytochrome c reductase (all endoplasmic reticulum markers). Cytosolic, membrane, and nuclear enzymes are absentthis is significant insofar as the NAADP synthesizing enzyme CD38, an ADP-ribosyl cyclase, has both transmembrane and nuclear envelope locations (Keng et al. 2000; Zhao et al. 2011). As for the discordance in the IC50 values ( 0.5 mmol/L) for the inhibition of ER calcium uptake compared to Ca ATPase, bear in mind that the assay milieus are altogether different (namely, the pH, ionic strength, and buffer type), and especially the final concentration of free calcium (100 vs. 20 μmol/L respectively). These physiochemical factors are relevant. As often with in vitro measurements, standard assays for CaATPase or calcium uptake do not exist, and the assay variations are legend (Rej and Vanderlinde 1975; Webster et al. 1980; Erickson et al. 1987; Lund and Wiggins 1987; Yamamoto and Suzuki 1987; Missiaen et al. 1989; Hethey et al. 2002; Luo et al. 2010). In our experience, even the buffer type (MOPS, HEPES, TRIS, Imidazole) can be impactful, particularly in calcium uptake studies. Hence, comparisons between IC50 values concerning two different biochemical entities (uptake visa-vis ATPase), albeit related, and under disparate assay conditions, are unsurprisingly inexact.


The soil and water loss is severe in the Loess Plateau and the plant species that can be used for ecological environmental management and stock raising production is greatly short. The introduce of White Ash and tests of complex afforestation conducted in the gullied rolling loess area show that after introduce and cultivation, adaptability of White Ash is strong and growing speed fast in that area and; due to beneficial co-growing among plants, especially the function of nitrogen fixation of the Chinese Seabuckthorn and Everlasting Pea, various complex species can fairly promote the growth of White Ash. White Ash is suitable to grow in the Loess Plateau and its surrounding regions and should adopt the complex way of interplant and mixed trees.


The demand for fish consumption continues to rise due to its high protein content, leading to an inadequate supply of fish stocks. To address this issue, the utilization of public water bodies for fish cultivation is seen as a potential solution. Cultivating fish in public waters can significantly boost fish production and maximize water utilization. One crucial stage in freshwater fish farming is freshwater fish hatchery development, aimed at meeting market demand for fish. Tilapia, a type of freshwater fish, holds great potential for cultivation due to its low production costs, high economic value, and adaptability to various aquatic conditions. The Cibiru Fish Fry Center in Bandung City plays a crucial role in tilapia fry production, with tilapia spawning being a significant endeavor. Tilapia is a freshwater fish species known for its elongated body shape, flattened sides, and blackish color. It exhibits a remarkable tolerance to different salinity levels and feeds on both animals and plants. Tilapia spawning at the Cibiru Fish Fry Center involves careful preparation of spawning ponds and the use of kakaban and water nets as substrates for egg attachment. Approximately 30,000 larvae are produced per spawning, with a hatching rate of 80%. Larvae management takes place in the same ponds as the spawning ponds and fertilizer application is used to promote the growth of natural food sources for the larvae. Feeding management is crucial for tilapia cultivation, with proper nutrition and feed quality influencing gonadal maturity and overall fish growth. The success of tilapia fry production at the center relies on various factors, including careful spawning preparation, optimal larval management, and effective feeding management.


Large ungulates grazing native rangelands during winter must balance forage intake, a source of energy gain, with minimizing thermal stress, a source of energy loss. Another source of energy loss, energy expended, is related to time spent in different activities. Natural or man-made shelter may alter time spent in different activities. Our objectives were to determine if access to windbreaks altered diurnal activity patterns of beef cattle grazing a windy, foothill range site during winter, and if diurnal activity patterns could be related to weather. We observed diurnal activity patterns of cattle with and with out access to windbreaks (windbreak, nonwindbreak) for two winters on an exposed pasture in southwest Montana. Actual use of windbreaks was only recorded in Winter 2. Windbreak cattle did not use the windbreak until day 16; subsequently, time spent behind windbreaks ranged from 0 to 30%. Activity patterns of windbreak and nonwindbreak cattle differed in subtle ways, indicating they used similar be...


High-glucose syrup has wide applications in feed and fermentation industries. However, during its regular production process, because of the slow hydrolysis of α-1,6-glucosidic linkages in maltodextrins by glucoamylase, yields of glucose higher than 96% are rarely achieved. To find a proper enzyme for the saccharification process, two novel genes encoding oligo-1,6-glucosidases (OGL, EC 126.96.36.199) from Bacillus mycoides (bmogl) and Thermomyces lanuginosus (tlogl) were successfully cloned and overexpressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. At the shake-flask fermentation level, the OGL activities of the two recombinants GS115 (pPIC9K-bmogl) and GS115 (pPIC9K-tlogl) were 994 and 1219 U/mL, respectively; and mature enzymes around 66-68 kDa were purified for characterization. Recombinant enzyme TlOGL exhibited higher thermostability than the OGls ever reported, whereas BmOGL was stable under acidic pH, ranging from 4.0 to 8.0. Among the substrates tested, these two recombinant enzymes efficiently hydrolyzed isomaltose and isomaltotriose, but had no activity against maltose and maltotriose. Beside these characteristics, nearly complete hydrolysis of isomaltotriose and 90% of isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) into glucose was also observed for them, which makes them good candidates for subsequent use in improving the yield of glucose from starch. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the expression and characterization of OGLs from B. mycoides and T. lanuginosus.


This paper presents a novel method of machining image su r-face by diamond turning with fast tool s ervo (FTS) . In the proposed methodology, three -dimensional pixel data [X, Y, Z] are extracted directly from a digital image via MATLAB image processing tool, which are p re-processed and supe r-imposed onto a three -dimensional spiral tool tr ajectory. The prop osed methodology has been experimentally validated by the su ccessful machining of freeform features based on any digital image . The freeform features can be designed in a manner in which is otherwise generated from complex equ a-tions. It allows even a layma n to customize a feature without working out any mathematical equations.


There are many instances in which the cancer patient and its nursing staff may be exposed to toxins and/or require barriers. Although the beneficial effects of chemotherapy against the cancer generally outweigh the potential side effects in skilled hands, almost all anticancer drugs have side effects. Toxicity is the most significant treatment-limiting factor in cytotoxic drug use. In addition, multiple studies have shown multiple potential dangers to staff handling cytotoxic drugs, including increased chromosomal alterations, hepatotoxicity and abnormal reproductive outcomes to be associated with exposure to various chemotherapeutic drugs. For these reasons, it is important that written safety protocols be established and followed in the any veterinary clinic administering chemotherapy. There must also be written instructions to pet owners for at-home administration, handling of drugs and for dealing with drug-contaminated excreta. Veterinary nurses have a vital role to play in the care of chemotherapy p...


For an e-approximate orthogonality preserving A-linear mapping T in the setting of pre-Hilbert C*-modules,an estimate of ‖〈T(x),T(y)〉-||T||2〈x,y〉‖is obtained.Secondly,the stability of orthogonality preserving A-linear mapping is discussed.Lastly,some sufficient conditions for an A-linear mapping to be an e-approximate orthogonality preserving A-linear mapping are given.


Abstract Oxidation kinetics of silicon oxide films formed by rapid thermal oxidizing Si substrate in O ambient studied. The data on 0 oxidation shows that the interfacial nitrogen-rich layers results in oxide growth in the parabolic regime by impeding oxidant diffusion to the Si-Si interface even for ultrathin oxides. The activation energy of parablic rate constant, B, is about 1.5 eV, and the energy increses with oxide thickness.


Self-injurious behavior is one of the important problems expanding especially among adolescents day by day. The aim of this study is to examine the personal traits and parental relations of the adolescents showing self-injurious behavior. In this study with correlational survey model, the research group consists of a total of 739 adolescents, 361 of whom are females and 378 of whom are males from six high schools randomly selected in a city centrum in the north of Turkey. The findings have revealed that the adolescents show significant difference in terms of the sub-dimensions of "responsibility," "untidiness," and "sentimental unbalance" depending on whether they show NSSI or not. No significant difference has been found between the adolescents showing and not showing NSSI in Adolescents' Parental and Adolescent Relation Quality Scale "Explanation to mother" sub-dimension, but significant differences have been found in the other sub-dimensions.


The present research work focuses on the Analysis of the Internal Control System in the
Budget Execution Processes of the Decentralized Autonomous Government of Canton
Jipijapa. By evaluating the levels of efficiency, effectiveness and quality as well as
internal control in addition to the reliability of the financial information and compliance
with the current regulations for planning, responsibility for budgetary control, and the
competencies of the department's human resource. Set out the objectives whose purpose
is to carry out a management audit to collect information on administrative-financial
processes. In the theoretical framework of detail the conceptual bases of the
investigation, then the hypotheses that represent the argumentation of the supposed
results are presented. The methodology used in the research is non-experimental, the
methods used are the inductive, the deductive; The techniques used respond to the
objectives: the interview is used to compile the relevant information from the
administrative - financial processes, and the survey to diagnose the current situation of
these in the budget department. Subsequently the results obtained in the research are
presented with their respective analysis and formulating the conclusions of the work and
the recommendations for the achievement of the proposal.


There is growing evidence that upregulation of NF - κB-controlled adhesion molecules and cytokines contributes to neuropathic pain and diabetic neuropathy. Since AGE/RAGE-interactions activate NF - κB, we asked whether deposition of the defined AGE-adduct CML, upregulation of RAGE, and NF - κB activation is evident in peripheral nerves in human and animal models of diabetes mellitus. When immunohistology was performed on sural nerve biopsies from diabetic patients, local accumulation of CML, prominent upregulation of RAGE and strong activation of NF - κB was observed in the perineurium and the vascular endothelium. This colocalisation was not observed in control patients. Schwann cells also demonstrated increased RAGE expression, but no staining for CML and NF - κB. In mouse models of diabetes mellitus, histological examination confirmed upregulation of NF - κB in the perineurium, but was also evident in Schwann cells. In the mouse model, NF - κB activation could be reversed by the antioxidant α-lipoic acid. These data demonstrate that NF - κB activation occurs in hyperglycemia, but affects different neuronal cells in human and mice. Hyperglycemia dependent activation of NF-κB results in enhanced NF - κB dependent gene expression in transgenic mice, carrying a β-globin reporter transgene controlled by NF - κB. Infusion of AGE-albumin also led to induction of the β-globin-gene and could be blocked in the presence of soluble RAGE, neutralizing anti-RAGE-antibodies and α-lipoic acid. These studies provide evidence that the AGE-RAGE-NF-κB axis is upregulated in diabetic neuropathy. NF - κB-activation and subsequent induction of NF - κB-dependent gene expression can be reduced by treatment with α-lipoic acid.


The reactions ca(s-1(0)) + ch2cl2 chcl2 and ca(p-3)+ch2cl3, chcl3 were studied by means of the laer induced fluorescence (lif). systematic simulation of the observed lw spectra revealed that change of the ca atoms from the 3p states to the s-1(0) state brought about a decrease of the fraction of total energy going to the ground state cacl product vibration and an increase of the fraction of total energy going to the ground state cacl product rotation. total cross sections for the reactions of ca(s-1(0))+ch4-n cl-n(n=2, 3)and the fraction of the ca atoms going to the p-3 states in the discharge ca beam were estimated from the lif indensity of the cacl product and total cross sections for the reactions ca((3)p)+ch4-n cl-2. they are 39 +/- 2 angstrom(3), 45 +/- 2 angstrom(2),1.8+0.1%, respectively.


A computer-aided detection (CAD) system is helpful for radiologists to detect pulmonary nodules at an early stage. In this paper, we propose a novel pulmonary nodule detection method based on hierarchical block classification. The proposed CAD system consists of three steps. In the first step, input computed tomography images are split into three-dimensional block images, and we apply entropy analysis on the block images to select informative blocks. In the second step, the selected block images are segmented and adjusted for detecting nodule candidates. In the last step, we classify the nodule candidate images into nodules and non-nodules. We extract feature vectors of the objects in the selected blocks. Lastly, the support vector machine is applied to classify the extracted feature vectors. Performance of the proposed system is evaluated on the Lung Image Database Consortium database. The proposed method has reduced the false positives in the nodule candidates significantly. It achieved 95.28% sensitivity with only 2.27 false positives per scan.


The gene underlying the X-chromosome-linked Kallmann syndrome KAL-1 has been identified for several years, yet its role is still poorly understood. During previous research, the KAL.1 orthologs, kal 1.a and kal 1.b, were isolated in zebrafish. In the present study, in situ hybridization was used to localize and compare the expression of kal 1.a and kal 1.b in the adult zebrafish brain (Danio rerio). The kal 1.a and kal 1.b transcription products have a similar distribution, both being localized in the olfactory bulb, in the ventral and posterior zones of the telencephalic area, hypothalamus, thalamus nuclei, corpus cerebelli, and many other nuclei, such as the posterior tuberal, the periventricular gray zone of the optic tectum, the periglomerular nucleus, the entopeduncular nucleus, parvocellular preoptic nucleus, habenular nucleus suprachiasmatic nucleus, magnocellular preoptic nucleus, griseum centrale, periventricular nucleus of the posterior tuberculum and the lobus caudallis cerebelli. In addition, by double approach of in situ hybridization and immunolabeling, it was found that, in telencephalon, the two genes are expressed in neurons and oligodendrocytes but they are not astrocytes. Finally, by using a proliferation marker, BrdU, kal 1.a and kal 1.b transcripts were shown to be clearly detected in a region previously described as an area of adult neurogenesis, suggesting that they may be involved in the process. Overall, our data provide a consolidated map of expression of kal 1.a and kal 1.b and suggest a distinct function of these genes, especially neurogenesis, in an adult context. Abbreviations: OB, olfactory bulb; ECL, external cellular layer of the olfactory ulb including mitral cells; ICL, internal cellular of the olfactory bulb; Vv, ventral ucleus of the telencephalic area; Vd, dorsal nucleus of the ventral telencephalic reas; Vc, central nucleus of the ventral telencephalic area; Vs, supracommissural ucleus of the ventral telencephalic area; End, entopeduncular nucleus, dorsal art; Ppa, parvocellular preoptic nucleus, anterior part; PPp, parvocellular preopic nucleus, anterior part; Sc, suprachiasmatic nucleus; PM, magnocellular preoptic ucleus; GC, griseum centrale; Cce, corpus cerebellil; NIII, oculomotor nucleus; Pv, periventricular pretectal nucleus, ventral part; CP, central posterior thalamic ucleus; TPp, periventricular nucleus of the posterior tuberculum; PTN, posterior uberal nucleus; Hv, ventral zone of the periventricular hypothalamus; Hd, dorsal one of the periventricular hypothalamus; Hc, caudal zone of the periventricular ypothalamus; CM, corpus mamillare; PGI, lateral perglomerular nucleus; PGm, edial perglomerular nucleus; TL, torus longitudinalis; PGZ, periventricular gray one of the optic tectum; hpf, hours post fertilization; X-KS, X-linked form of the allmann syndrome; GnRH, gonadotropin-realising hormone; PFA, paraformaldeyde; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; ISH, in situ hybridization. ∗ Corresponding author at: Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Laboratoire de iochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Zarzouna 7021, Bizerte, Tunisia. el.: +216 98 44 26 65; fax: +216 72 59 05 66. E-mail address: besma email@example.com (B. Ayari). 361-9230/$ – see front matter © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. oi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.03.006 © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


Ag/ZnO nanorod arrays with enhanced photoelectric response properties under simulated sun light were synthesized by a facile two-step process and characterized by x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV–vis DRS) and the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) activities of the catalysts were evaluated by degrading efficiency of methylene blue (MB) dye under simulated sun light. The MB removal rate can reach 85% after the irradiation of simulated sunlight for 30 min. Surface photovoltage (SPV) measurements and transient photovoltage (TPV) spectra demonstrated that Ag loading improved the utilization of the visible spectral absorption of ZnO nanorod arrays, as well as their separation efficiency of photogenerated electron–hole pairs, which may be due to the capture effect of Ag nanoparticles for free electrons under the irradiation of simulated sunlight. The photoelectrochemical investigations indicated that the Ag/ZnO nanorod arrays showed enhanced photocurrent generation efficiency, and had a more effective interface charge transfer path. The fast PEC degradation of MB is ascribed to the highly ordered nanorod architecture, the large effective mass of the photogenerated holes on the surface of ZnO induced by Ag nanoparticles loading, as well as the effective transport of photogenerated charge carriers under the effect of external electric field.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the germination potential losses due to the mechanized harvest of corn grown with row spacing of conventional seeding (0.90 m) and low (0.45m) under different travel speeds of harvester thresher and openings in the system. The cultivar used was the DKB 747. The experimental design was randomized blocks in scheme 2 x 3 x 3 with three replications. The treatments were two row spacing of culture (0.45 and 0.90 m), three harvester travel speeds (1.8, 3.5 and 4.1km h-1) and three openings between the concave and threshing drum (25, 30 and 35 mm). The average germination of threshed manually planted with planting spacing of 0.45 and 0.90 m, was 78.45 and 74.12% respectively. The germination of corn seeds is not inAuenced by different row spacing plantings. The smallest gap between the cylinder and concave thresher results in lower levels of germination. The speed of the harvester 1.8 km h-1 used in planting spacing of 0.9 m resulting in lower germination of corn.


The present invention relates to a method for an active matrix organic light emitting display to improve the display quality, active matrix organic light emitting display comprising an active matrix organic light emitting display includes an anode and a cathode positioned between the OLED anode and the cathode using ITO, anode metal, easy-dense metal layer, the ITO anode stack structure is prepared, the film layer is provided with an anode aperture, and easily obtain a dense metal layer and the dense layer of the air hole position reacts prevent the anode metal is oxidized to form protrusions pierce OLED. Thus provided can effectively improve the quality of a top emitting AMOLED display, reduce dark spot defect caused by short-circuiting the anode and the cathode.


those patients with protective immunity to live vaccines prior to cancer therapy will lose it at the end of therapy. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Loss of protective immunity to live vaccines has been reported in patients with hematologic malignancies after cancer therapy. This lack of protective immunity, which puts patients at higher risk of acquiring vaccine preventable diseases, has been limited studied in patients with solid tumors. The Center for Diseases Control has been established that it is safe to immunize cancer survivors with live vaccines 3 months post Tx. However, no clear guidelines for revaccination have been provided for this population. Understanding the protective immunity variation against live vaccines in children with solid tumors will allow us to identify the need for revaccination with live vaccines in this vulnerable population.


At mm-wavelengths, ordinary waveguides show considerable attenuation. Corrugated overmoded waveguides have strongly reduced attenuation, while maintaining stability by introducing the well known pattern of passbands and stopbands. Fields either transform to surface waves with very high losses, or concentrate at the center of the waveguide and propagate with very low loss. The latter, are employed to transport RF-power. Considering the field pattern, optical free space coupling to an accelerator structure, is thinkable. We have investigated the coupling mechanism itself, e.g. field leakage and power losses to the outside and designed a device for optical coupling from a corrugated waveguide into a planar muffin-tin structure.


A method is suggested, using diffraction line displacements, to facilitate simultaneous determination of one-dimensional strain in a particular direction in the surface of a polycrystalline material and of the lattice parameter corresponding to the unstressed state. A single exposure at perpendicular incidence of the primary X-ray beam enables both values to be obtained. Full advantage is taken of the ratios of diffraction ring diameters.


This paper describes a method for the measurement of the absorption coefficient of a panel at oblique incidence based upon a new procedure which combines inverse filtered MLS signals with the subtraction technique. This allows for the use of shorter pulses which better discriminate between the different events usually present in measurements, e.g. direct, reflected, and diffracted signals. Therefore, the windows that select the direct and reflected events from the measured trace, which are then used to calculate the absorption coefficient, can be better set up. This in turn optimizes the frequency bandwidth of interest. The method has been validated by applying it to a Microperforated Insertion Unit panel (MIU) in an anechoic room. The MIU consists of a 2.44 m X 2.44 m X 1 mm steel panel, properly perforated to provide a suitable absorption bandwidth, in front of a 2.44 m X 2.44 m X 2 cm wooden panel with an 5-cm air gap between the steel and wooden panels. The inverse filter of the electroacoustic response has been designed so that the radiated pulse has a minimum-phase cosine-magnitude spectrum. Experimental absorption curves agree with the predicted ones.


This work describes the synthesis of five O-silyloxy-1,3-thiazoles and their use as fast-response "turn-on" probes for fluoride ion detection in polar aprotic solvents and in aqueous cetyltrimethylammonium bromide micellar medium. The fluoride-triggered deprotection of these silyl ethers results in ca. 180-nm shifts in the fluorescence emission wavelengths. All compounds are suitable for the detection of fluoride ions with a detection limit in DMSO of 10–7 mol L–1; derivatives containing a 2-pyridyl moiety in the thiazole system are more efficient than those with a 3- or 4-pyridyl moiety. Typical anionic interferents, such as acetate or chloride, are not detected by O-silyloxy-1,3-thiazoles, making these compounds very specific for fluoride.


Gaia will provide accurate parallaxes, spectrophotometry and spectroscopy for hundreds of thousands of emission-line stars across the whole HR diagram. In preparation for the Gaia mission, we are developing algorithms to recognize and classify emission-line stars. A large collection of ground-based spectroscopic observations has been collected and will be used for testing and training the algorithms. Gaia will also provide information on several millions of early-type stars. Determining accurate parameters for these stars from Gaia data only will be difficult due to the A V – T eff degeneracy.


In this study, a new method for controlling a static synchronous series compensator is proposed, which consists in using data on the parameters of the equivalent circuit of the electric arc furnace. In this case, the compensator is used to improve the energy efficiency and electromagnetic compatibility of a particular unit. A relationship was established between the control parameter - the primary voltage of the compensator and the current consumed by the technological plant. Data on the technological plant and the process can be presented for a given relationship in the form of nonlinear resistance and reactance. The installation of a series compensator controlled in this way makes it possible to regulate the unit current consumption without additional current injection. In the course of mathematical modeling of the process using the established dependence, it was found that the proposed solution allows for full or adjustable compensation of reactive power, filtering of current harmonics and excluding the impact of supply voltage distortions on the progress of the technological process.


With the exponential growth in the ways and means by which people need to communicate-data communications, voice communications, video communications, broadcast messaging, command and control communications, emergency response communications, etc. modifying radio devices easily and cost-effectively has become business critical. Software defined radio (SDR) technology brings the flexibility, cost efficiency and power to drive communications forward, with wide-reaching benefits realized by service providers and product developers through to end users. Modern communications protocols are not simply streaming bits at 100% duty cycle. Instead, they use packets/frames. At the receiver, identification of frame is necessary when a new frame begins. Preamble contains a synchronization sequence that the receiver uses to detect start of frames, and it is a sequence known by the receiver beforehand. In this paper, frame synchronization using Barker Codes (BC) for various Frame Length (FL) (taken frame lengths are 3,4 and 13) by applying different modulation techniques like Binary Phase Shift Keying(BPSK) and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK). IndexTerms – SDR, BC, FL, BPSK, QPSK.


To combat the uncertainty of the multiple factors affecting roadway surrounding rock stability, five initial indexes are selected for reduction according to concept lattice theory: rock quality designation (RQD), uniaxial compressive strength (Rc), the integrity coefficient of rock mass, groundwater seepage, and joint condition. The aim of this study is to compute correlation coefficients among various indexes and verify the effectiveness of lattice reduction. Alpha stable distribution is used to replace the commonly used Gauss distribution in probabilistic neural networks. A prediction model for the stability of roadway surrounding rock is then established based on a concept lattice and improved probabilistic neural network. 100 groups of training sample data are plugged into this model one by one to examine its rationality. The established model is employed for engineering application prediction with ten indiscriminate sample groups from the Jianlinshan mining area of the Daye iron mine, revealing accuracy of up to 90%. This demonstrates that our prediction model based on a concept lattice and improved probabilistic neural network has high reliability and applicability.


Separation of the mono-phosphopeptides from the multi-phosphopeptides in the complex biological samples is significant in the study of protein kinase signal transduction pathways. To the best of our knowledge, very few materials have been reported that could selectively enrich mono-phosphopeptides because of the chemical difficulty retaining the intermediate mono-phosphopeptides and exclude both nonphosphopeptides and multi-phosphopeptides in the acidic conditions, which requires the unique interactions to balance the metallic affinity and the hydrophobicity. With the large surface area, abundant accessible active sites and ultrathin structures, two-dimensional (2-D) metal-organic framework (MOF) Hf-1,3,5-tris(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene (BTB) nanosheets were rationally selected. Due to the elongate organic ligands and the balance between metallic affinity of clusters and hydrophobicity from ligands, the 2-D Hf-BTB nanosheets exhibited the unique enrichment selectivity towards mono-phosphopeptides. The 2-D MOF nanosheets demonstrated the excellent sensitivity (detection limit of 0.4 fmol μL-1) and selectivity (1:1000 molar ratios of β-casein/BSA) in the model phosphopeptides enrichment. The nanosheets were implemented for the analysis of nonfat milk and the human saliva samples as well as in situ isotope labeling for dysregulated phosphopeptides from patients' serum with anal canal inflammation, exhibiting the 6.6-fold up-regulation of serum phosphopeptides HS4 (ADpSGEGDFLAEGGGVR) compared to the control healthy serum. The proteomics analysis of mouse brain cortical samples associated with Alzheimer's disease, which were from Akt (protein kinase B) conditional knockout mouse and littermate control mouse, was further established with 2-D Hf-BTB nanosheets. With high capture efficiency for mono-phosphopeptides, this method was capable of distinguishing the difference of mono-phosphopeptides from microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT/Tau) between the Akt knockout sample and control sample.


The subject of green AI has been gaining attention within the deep learning community given the recent trend of ever larger and more complex neural network models. Existing solutions for reducing the computational load of training at inference time usually involve pruning the network parameters. Pruning schemes often create extra overhead either by iterative training and fine-tuning for static pruning or repeated computation of a dynamic pruning graph. We propose a new parameter pruning strategy for learning a lighter-weight sub-network that minimizes the energy cost while maintaining comparable performance to the fully parameterised network on given downstream tasks. Our proposed pruning scheme is green-oriented, as it only requires a one-off training to discover the optimal static sub-networks by dynamic pruning methods. The pruning scheme consists of a binary gating module and a novel loss function to uncover sub-networks with user-defined sparsity. Our method enables pruning and training simultaneously, which saves energy in both the training and inference phases and avoids extra computational overhead from gating modules at inference time. Our results on CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 suggest that our scheme can remove 50% of connections in deep networks with less than 1% reduction in classification accuracy. Compared to other related pruning methods, our method demonstrates a lower drop in accuracy for equivalent reductions in computational cost.


The invention discloses a convenient rice flour, including rice flour 35-75%, and mung bean starch 25-65%, made by soaking, smashing, blending, leaking flour, cooking, freezing, cutting, and evacuating to dry. The invention has characters of large gap, white outline, tasty and smooth eating feeling, and convenient edibility. After dipped for 3 minutes by 85-90 degree boiled water, it can be eaten.


Ultrastructural characterization of the in vitro propagated gametophyte of Bucegia romanica Radian is presented in this paper. We have previously established an experimental protocol for ex situ conservation of this rare liverwort. Knop mineral nutritive medium without any source of carbon, temperature between 22 OC-25 OC and 16 hs lightl8 hs dark photoperiod represent the experimental growth conditions. No anomaly of the thallus structure and ultrastructure has been observed. Much more, strong similarities at this level between Bucegia and other Hepatics were noticed, which allow us to consider the in vitro system established by us suitable for conservative purpose. The evolutive significance of the cell peculiarities, especially plasmodesmata biogenesis and features, was also underlined.


A preexisting network of 124 wells used for fire protection in the Town of Southampton, Long Island, New York, was monitored during a one-year period for groundwater levels and chloride concentrations. Water from 26 wells had chloride concentrations of 50 mg/l or greater and in 17 wells the chloride concentration exceeded 200 mg/l. Most of these wells are located in two densely populated areas. The possibility of widespread intrusion in one of these areas has not been previously documented. In addition, detailed water-table contour maps are presented for selected areas within the Town.


The essay analyzes the basic instance and the present universal problems about the course structure,the thoughts of teachers and students,the classroom management,textbooks,examinations of our university's selective courses,and gives some innovative advice about how to reform the course structure,strengthen the teaching management,establish monitoring and evaluation system and construct textbooks of the selective courses combined with its intent.


Adversarial example detection is known to be an effective adversarial defense method. Black-box attack, which is a more realistic threat and has led to various black-box adversarial training-based defense methods, however, does not attract considerable attention in adversarial example detection. In this paper, we fill this gap by positioning the problem of black-box adversarial example detection (BAD). Data analysis under the introduced BAD settings demonstrates (1) the incapability of existing detectors in addressing the black-box scenario and (2) the potential of exploring BAD solutions from a data perspective. To tackle the BAD problem, we propose a data reconstruction-based adversarial example detection method. Specifically, we use variational auto-encoder (VAE) to capture both pixel and frequency representations of normal examples. Then we use reconstruction error to detect adversarial examples. Compared with existing detection methods, the proposed method achieves substantially better detection performance in BAD, which helps promote the deployment of adversarial example detection-based defense solutions in real-world models.


Vibration mode shape description of a symmetrical structure using Zernike moment descriptor(ZMD) is introduced in this paper.The structural mode shapes can be decomposed as a line combination of a series of Zernike polynomials,with the feature of each Zernike polynomial reflecting a part of characteristic of mode shapes,based on Zernike moment transformation.The procedure to determine the number of Zernike polynomials for mode shape description is suggested.Meanwhile,the reconstruction of mode shapes with Zernike moment descriptor is carried out and its ability to filter the noise contaminated in the mode shapes is studied.The advantage of using Zernike moment descriptor to depict the mode shapes of a symmetric structure is verified by simulation with a disk structure as an example.The result demonstrates that the Zernike moment description of the mode shapes can be effectively describe the double modes in the symmetric structure and such a description has the ability to remove or significantly reduce the influence of noise in the mode shapes.Such feature shows a great practical value for further research on Finite Element model updating and validation of symmetric structures.


Recently papers investigating problems on detection of the moment of occurrence of an attack on various systems were published. In particular, they consider "Dos-attacks" or attacks like of "denial of service" in a computing system and subsequent changes of the protocol of processing of input assignments. These studies are actual now. The main difference between the paper and previous works is in selection of another formula for setting the probability of a system destruction as a result of the attack. Another major difference from previous work is the use of beta distribution instead a truncated normal distribution for specifying distribution of a random moment of occurrence of attacks. 4772 Vladimir M. Bure and et al. Mathematics Subject Classification: 62P20


Size scale effect of adiabatic two-phase cross-flow over micropillars was experimentally investigated, and the mechanisms controlling the formation and transition of the recently discovered bridge flow was examined. A transition criterion, based on the Weber and Euler numbers, for the breakage of the bridges, is provided. The bridges break from the surface when the product of the Weber and Euler numbers is larger than ∼1; otherwise, the bridges cease to exist by coalescing with liquid slugs.


2384-Pos Board B521 G-Losa: An Efficient Computational Tool for Local Structure-Centric Biological Studies Hui Sun Lee, Wonpil Im. The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA. Molecular recognition such as ligand binding and protein-protein interaction (PPI) is a fundamental way for biological molecules to play their functional roles. These specific interactions are involved in the local regions of the molecules, rather than global structures. Therefore, accurate characterization of local structures in protein is needed to better understand biological mechanisms and to rationally design effective drugs. G-LoSA, a recently developed local structure alignment tool, has the advantages of not only predicting the ligand binding sites with high accuracy, but also identifying a single template ligand that is highly similar to the target ligand. Here, we present an improved version of G-LoSA aiming at extending its applicability to broad local structure-centric biological studies. The method generates all possible alignments between two local structures by iterative maximum clique search and fragment superposition and then determines the final optimal alignment by a G-LoSA alignment scoring function, GA-score. GA-score is a length-independent and physicochemical property-based scoring function to measure structural similarity between two local structures. G-LoSA outperforms its previous version in identifying ligand templates and also shows robust performance in detecting similar ligand binding pockets and PPI interfaces from the benchmark sets. Finally, we introduce its application to in silico fragment-based drug design. As demonstrated by this work, G-LoSA is a promising computational tool that can be universally applied to diverse local structure-centric biological studies.


In this article we have investigated  the relations of $p$-$\mathcal{I}$-generator, $p_1$-$\mathcal{I}$-generator  with $p$-Lindel\"{o}f and $p_1$-Lindel\"{o}f using $\tau_i$-codense, $(i,j)$-meager, $(i,j)$-nowhere dense and perfect mapping of bitopological space. The relations between $p$-compactness, $p$-Lindel\"{o}fness, $p_1$-Lindel\"{o}fness  and topological ideal, $(i,j)$-meager, $(i,j)$-Baire space in bitopological space are investigated. Some properties are studied on product bitopology using perfect mapping. It can be found that bitopological space has many applications in real life problems. Hence, we hope that this theory will help to fulfill some interlinks which may have applications in near future.


Dr. Dale Robertson of the Population Council whose paper we cited for the description of the covered rods used in our study advises me that Dr. Gupta does indeed deserve credit for devising some of the concepts used in the manufacture of the rods and in particular the use of polydimethylsiloxane without filler. These contributions were made while Dr. Gupta was a member of the Population Council staff. The rods we used differed from those described by Dr. Gupta in the methods used in their manfacture and in incorporating a cover consisting of Silastic tubing. The reference cited in our study was meant only to guide the interested reader to a description of the devices we used. (full text)


In working with Mariella over the past few months, I know that the Newsletter will be in great hands. It has been exciting for me to work with someone with so much enthusiasm, as well someone who can bring a new perspective for the Newsletter. The expansion of Editorial staff has allowed us to take on a greater amount of content (this issue is the largest we have ever produced, and there are already 10 book reviews, plus two more of the Congress' symposia reviews, lined up for the Spring 2007 issue!). Mariella also has a number of exciting new ideas for the future of the Newsletter, and is planning to send out a short survey this winter to determine the direction ISBE members would like to see the Newsletter take. Please support her by continuing to contribute as Mariella breathes new life into the Newsletter.


A 76-year-old man with a history of two-vessel coronary artery bypass grafting was admitted with recurrent angina. The proximal anastomosis of the left anterior descending (LAD) bypass grafting was directly stented with a bare-metal stent 2 years before.

Conventional angiography was performed, but selective LAD bypass catheterization failed. In this …


FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to food industry. The acidified carbonated beverage contains a base beverage and an agent regulating foam formation and/or an agent regulating carbon dioxide emission. The regulating agent includes a polyoxyethylenesorbitan compound ether of a fatty acid or a poly ethylene glycol compound ether of a fatty acid and has hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value equal to 7 -16. The agent is present in an amount of 0.01 - 250 mg/l. The beverage preparation method involves the regulating agent addition into the base beverage. The method for reduction of foam formation and/or improvement of carbon dioxide retention in the acidified carbonated beverage involves the said regulating agent addition into the beverage. Application of a polyoxyethylenesorbitan compound ether of a fatty acid or a poly ethylene glycol compound ether of a fatty acid for reduction of foam formation and/or improvement of carbon dioxide retention in the acidified carbonated beverage. EFFECT: inventions group allows to mitigate the problems of excessive and/or stable foam formation and fast loss of carbon dioxide during the beverage bottling and/or filling. 12 cl, 4 ex


The double traveling salesman problem with multiple stacks consists in determining a pair of routes (pickup and delivery) for a unique vehicle in two different and disjoint networks. It models a realistic transportation problem with loading/unloading constraints imposed by having a set of last-in-first-out (LIFO) stacks used for storing the goods being transported. The arrangement of the items in the container determines the loading plan that in terms constrains both routes. In this paper, we propose a novel local search approach. The local search heuristic is applied to the loading plan instead of working directly on the routes. A dynamic programming algorithm is used to map the loading plan solution into corresponding optimal routes. Computational results show that the proposed approach is competitive with state-of-the-art heuristics for the problem.


This work extends the micro-thermal-bridge method for thermal conductivity measurements of nanowires to high temperatures. The thermal-bridge method, based on a microfabricated device with two side-by-side suspended membranes with integrated platinum resistance heaters/thermometers, has been used to determine thermal conductivity of various nanowires/nanotubes/nanoribbons at relatively low temperatures. However, to date, thermal conductivity characterization of nanowires at temperatures above 600 K has seldom been reported presumably due to several technical difficulties including the instability of the microfabricated thermometers, radiation heat loss, and the effect of the background conductance on the measurement. Here we report on our attempt to address the aforementioned challenges and demonstrate thermal conductivity measurement of boron nanoribbons up to 740 K. To eliminate high temperature resistance instability, the device is first annealed at 1023 K for 5 min in an argon atmosphere. Two radiation shields are installed in the measurement chamber to minimize radiation heat loss from the measurement device to the surroundings; and the temperature of the device at each set point is calibrated by an additional thermocouple directly mounted on the chip carrier. The effect of the background conductance is eliminated by adopting a differential measurement scheme. With all these modifications, we successfully measured the thermal conductivity of boron nanoribbons over a wide temperature range from 27 K to 740 K. The measured thermal conductivity increases monotonically with temperature and reaches a plateau of ~2.5 W m−1 K−1 at approximately 400 K, with no clear signature of Umklapp scattering observed in the whole measurement temperature range.


A severely retarded adolescent boy who had not acquired oral expression skills was taught five manual signs to express a food preference. Time delay procedure was used to present and fade both model and physical prompts. The food items themselves were used as reinforcers. A multiple baseline design employed across behaviors demonstrated that instruction was effective for all five signs. During probes for expression of choice, the subject did select a variety of food items. The severely retarded person who has not sign language system they were using (e.g., learned to produce oral language after sysASL, Signed English) and what teaching tematic instruction presents the special edtechniques had been employed. Although ucator with a challenge to teach an alternathe popularity of teaching manual expres tive mode of communication (Kotkin & sion to the severely handicapped is growing, Simpson, 1976).Two normal language opthere is a need for empirically supported in tions include American Sign Language formation on systematic instructional strat (ASL) or Signed English. Reported research egies (Hopper & Helmick, 1977). on manual signing instruction has indicated Frequently, modeling is employed to teach that moderately and severely retarded persigning. This procedure involves the teacher sons with little or no oral language can learn modeling the sign and reinforcing the stu to express themselves through a manual dent for imitating the model (Hobson & mode (Hobson & Duncan, 1979; Kahn, Duncan, 1979; Kotkin, Simpson, & Desanto, 1977; Kohl, Wilcox, & Karlan, 1978; Stre1978). The teacher may require that the stu mel-Campbell, Cantrell, & Halle, 1977). dent already have motor imitation skills be Teaching sign language also may improve fore teaching signs (c.f. Kotkin et al.), or other communication skills such as receptive these skills may be taught concurrently by language and verbal labeling of objects handshaping the sign whenever the student (Bricker, 1972; Kahn, 1977; Van Biervliet, fails to imitate the model (Hobson & Dun 1977). can, 1979; Stremel-Campbell et al., 1977). A recent survey indicated that over 400 Although most studies have not specified clients in 28 states, most of whom were sea means of fading the physical and model verely retarded persons with hearing, have prompts, a technique called time delay has received instruction in sign language (Goodbeen employed (Kohl et al., 1978; Stremel man, Wilson, & Bornstein, 1978). A high Campbell et al., 1977). Time delay is an er percentage of this survey's respondents rerorless or low error learning procedure in ported various nonlanguage benefits of uswhich prompts are presented after system ing signs such as increased motivation and atically increased amounts of time (Snell & fewer behavior problems. However, the reGast, in press; Touchette, 1971). Stremel spondents failed to report adequately which Campbell et al. (1977) provided valuable de 252 / Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded-December 1981 This content downloaded from 184.108.40.206 on Fri, 08 Jul 2016 05:21:00 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Subject tail of a time delay with manual signing in1978). These signs could be used to express struction of moderately and severely repreferences in the canteen, dining room, tarded children. Unfortunately, the absence and in fast food restaurants. The move of an experimental design does not permit ments for each sign were defined to enable an objective evaluation of this procedure. consistent usage across training and assess Although Kohl et al. (1978) did demonstrate ment. the efficacy of time delay procedure in the acquisition and generalization of signs by Procedure moderately retarded students, the method ological need for replication was not reAll training and assessment were conducted ported (e.g., length of delay intervals, numby the subject's teacher and a graduate stu ber of trials). dent in a room on the subject's dormitory. The present study reports a systematic Prior to instruction, the trainers pretested procedure to teach manual signs for the the subject on receptive labeling of the se expression of a food preference. Training lected food items. The subject demonstrated incorporated time delay to fade the prompts mastery by correctly pointing to each food with a multiple baseline design employed to item named for two consecutive trials, evaluate the effect of the intervention. Baseline on signs was taken for two days prior to training. The teacher presented a Method picture of each food item, asked "What is this?" and waited four seconds for a re sponse. Each opportunity to respond was recorded as being correct, incorrect, or no The subject in this study was a severely menresponse. This same procedure was used tally retarded male who had resided in an during intervention in a daily probe con institution for the retarded for 9 years. His ducted at the beginning of each session. Pic chronological age was 14 years and his lantured foods were used during baseline and guage ability, as assessed by the Fairview all probes rather than the actual food items. Language Evaluation Scale, was 32 months. During training sessions, however, actual The subject could point to objects named food items were displayed as the discrimi and follow simple commands but his vocal native stimuli. imitations were not intelligible. After the probe, the teacher taught one The staff who developed the subject's edsign by proceeding through phases I-IV out ucational goals identified the acquisition of lined in Table 1. The teacher first taught the manual signs as being important, since he student to imitate the sign (phases I and II) had no understandable oral language. Signand then to initiate the sign to label the food ing was selected over other nonvocal comitem (phase III and IV). Handshaping and munication systems because it required no model prompts were used depending upon special equipment and because he had the the particular phase of training. These fine motor ability to form signs. Prior to this prompts were faded by introducing a delay study, the subject had mastered two signs of four seconds between the instructional (shoe and crackers) after extensive instruction. cue and each prompt. To encourage the fad This study was designed to identify a ing of prompts, the labeled food item was method that would result in more rapid acused only to reinforce improvements in per quisition of signs. formance; for example, in phase II food re inforcers were not given if the student still Manual Sign Selection required a handshaping prompt, but were given for correct responses made without a Five signs with functional value for the submodel prompt. All incorrect responses were ject were selected from Signed English corrected by handshaping the sign response. (Bornstein, Kannapell, Saulnier, Hamilton, No praise was given following corrections. & Roy, 1973) and one from ASL (Riekehof, After each trial, the teacher recorded Using Time Delay / 253 This content downloaded from 22.214.171.124 on Fri, 08 Jul 2016 05:21:00 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


ClassⅡDivision 1 malocclusion is very common,and it's treatment is very difficult in clinic.Pathogenesis and treatment methods are very complex,Current researches on ClassⅡDivision 1 malocclusion of the pathogenesis,and its treatment methods were reviewed in the paper.


The effect of temperature on two stage aged-refuse-based reactor which treats leachate in natural ventilation was investigated in autumn and winter. Results indicate that the average concentrations of COD in treated effluent increase from 726 mg/L in autumn to 2000 mg/L in winter in the first stage reactor while they are 246 mg/L and 1010 mg/L respectively in the second stage reactor. The average concentrations of NH3-N in treated effluent increase from 123.7 mg/L in autumn to 620 mg/L in winter in the first stage reactor while they are 123.7 mg/L and 620 mg/L respectively in the second stage reactor. Accordingly, the average removal rates of COD decrease from 81.7% of autumn to 73% of winter in the first stage reactor and decrease from 64.7% to 52% in the second stage reactor, and finally, the total COD removal rate in this system drops from 92.7% in autumn to 85.8% in winter. So we can conclude that the effect of temperature on the first stage aged refuse reactor is better than that on the second stage aged refuse reactor.


The thesis analyses the measures and achievements China has made since the adopt ation of Family Planning Policy.The Chinese government makes intensive efforts to control the excessive increase of population as well as improves population qualities.The thesis attempts to explore the new concepts about college family planning management.


The paper introduces the features of the pumping concrete,analyzes the common cracks on bridge projects,illustrates its formation mechanism,explores the reasons for the temperature cracks and the settlement shrinkage cracks and their features,and points out the respective prevention measures,so as to have the effective prevention and control over the construction cracks of bridge structures.


Objectives –  The value of transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography in assessing patients with Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) is uncertain. We sought to determine the contribution of TCD to their evaluation.


The purpose of this paper is to consider the characteristics of patenting activity of small firms in Japan. As the result, we see that the number of patents that companies have increased profitability in the machinery industry, but the number of patents didn't have any relation with profitability in the chemical industry. We think that the qualitative factor of each patent does matter in the chemical industry.


We propose to investigate the asymptotic properties of the K{sub 0}p and {bar K}{sub 0}p cross sections from 40 GeV to 200 GeV by the method of neutral kaon regeneration in liquid hydrogen. Both the difference in total cross section and the regeneration phase will be determined to a precision of better than 10% up to approximately 160 GeV, and with decreasing precision to 200 GeV. The apparatus we propose to use is of a standard reliable type. The neutral beam is derived from a target intercepting 10{sup 11} protons at 400 GeV in the main accelerator ring. In this way, an experiment of major importance can be done very early in the NAL program which cannot otherwise be attempted until the advent of Area III.


Exfoliation syndrome is generally considered an age-related ocular disease that presents with a progressive accumulation of fibrillar aggregates in the human eye. A range of risk factors have been identified that are commonly associated with XFS, including a variety of cellular pathways. However, the exact mechanism of this disease is unknown. In contrast to existing literature, it was recently shown that a variety of structural features exist within these fibrillar aggregates associated with exfoliation syndrome. This hithertofore unknown diversity in fibrillar structures suggests that multiple pathways could exist that contribute to the progression of XFS. Herein, we address these recent findings on the diversity of structural polymorphism observed in fibrils isolated from the lens capsule of various XFS patients and situate this in the context of existing literature on fibrillar structure of these materials. These findings may help to reveal more about the biological functions leading to protein misfolding and aggregation into exfoliation materials. and Larry D Unsworth 1* Mehdi Ghaffari Sharaf 1 , Karim F Damji 2 1Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada 2Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada *Address for Correspondence: Larry D. Unsworth, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Tel: 780-4926020; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Copyright: © 2021 Sharaf MG, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Received December 30, 2020; Accepted January 13, 2020; Published January 20, 2021


OBJECTIVE: To identify tPA-specific clinical indications for transfer to an intensive care unit (ICU) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients following intravenous (IV) thrombolysis.
 BACKGROUND: Caring for patients with AIS in dedicated stroke units has been shown to improve outcomes. IV thrombolysis with rtPA is the standard of care. However, data addressing the immediate disposition in post-thrombolysis patients are sparse. While several retrospective reviews identified improved outcomes in some groups of post-thrombolysis patients admitted to ICU, these were not predicted by the initial NIH Stroke Scale. Alternatively, it has been shown that bypassing ICU lowers hospitalization costs without adversely affecting outcomes. To our knowledge, there are no systematic attempts to identify specific complications necessitating escalation of care with ICU monitoring in the post-thrombolysis patients.
 METHODS: Medical records of patients admitted to the dedicated stroke unit in our hospital with the diagnosis of AIS who have received IV rtPA were identified using ICD-9 codes. Hospital courses were reviewed to select those patients requiring transfer to the ICU. The indications for transfer were abstracted.
 RESULTS: 35 records met the analysis criteria. Fourteen patients initially admitted to the stroke unit were transferred to the ICU - 8 for respiratory failure and 6 for alteration of consciousness. None of the respiratory failure patients had any hemorrhagic transformation identified on CT of the brain. Two of the patients transferred for alteration of consciousness had small areas of hemorrhagic conversion within the infarcted area, without associated worsening of edema or midline shift when compared to initial scans.
 CONCLUSIONS: Clinical deterioration in patients admitted to the dedicated stroke unit following IV thrombolysis is infrequently attributable to tPA complications. This suggests that post-thrombolysis patients can be safely managed on the dedicated stroke unit, since their complications are not likely to differ from the non-thrombolysed group. Disclosure: Dr. Perchuk has nothing to disclose.


A mixture of chitosan and carboxy methyl chitosan along with silane functionalized nanoclay has been grafted with acrylic acid followed by cross-linking. The nanocomposites were then examined for swelling characteristics in acidic, alkaline and neutral medium. In all the three mediums, an optimal clay content with maximum swelling was observed. The thermal characterization of the nanocomposites was also carried out.


Nitric oxide is an essential neurotransmitter in the hippocampus involved in spatial learning and memory and response to stress. This study investigated the effects of nitric oxide within the dorsal hippocampus on spatial learning and memory in male NMRI stressed mice. Male NMRI (Naval Medical Research Institute) mice (n= 7/group) were divided into; Saline, LNAME (L-Nitro-Arginine Methyl Ester) (1, 5, 10 μg/mouse), and L-Arginine (1, 5, 10 μg/mouse) groups. Seven days after bilateral intra dorsal hippocampus cannulation, half of the animals received electro foot shock stress once/day, for four consecutive days. Barnes maze method was applied for the evaluation of stress effects on spatial learning and memory. Elapsed time and distance traveled to reach the target hole, and the numbers of errors were calculated as spatial learning and memory performance indicators. Stress increases the time and distance for reaching the target hole. The number of errors also was increased in the stress group. Intra dorsal hippocampus administration of L-arginine reduced the stress-induced spatial learning and memory deficit. The drug reduced the time and distance for reaching the target hole. LNAME also reduced the stress effect. The drug reduced the time and distance for reaching the target hole. Since both the inhibition of NO synthesis and increasing the NO synthesis in the dorsal hippocampus resulted in learning and memory improvements in mice exposed to electro foot shock stress, NO in the dorsal hippocampus might be involved in stress-related spatial learning and memory deficits.


Friday, the 6th November, 1953, at three different places in the valley over the mountains from the remote outpost of Telefolmin in the Sepik District of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea, four men died as the result of planned attacks by stone-age men armed with iron axes. On Wednesday, the 7th July, 1954, at Wewak, the headquarters of the Sepik District, the Papua and New Guinea Administration brought 33 Telefolmin natives to stand their trial for the killings. These had made a harshly unusual but not completely unfeared episode in its history of peaceful penetration and uplift of the primitive people in the rugged area under its charge. As the slow investigations progressed an interesting and unusual story emerged from the mass of clever stories and counter stories told with the effect of confusing the already confounded hearers. It was a story of a cohesion and of a common enterprise carried out with secrecy on a grand scale which is most unusual in the annals of the Territory.


The use of personal computers in Optical Design was first discussed widely at the International Lens Design Conference at Mills College, by Kidger , Sinclair, and others. Since then, the topic has been discussed at several International conferences, particularly the SPIE Conference at Geneva, in 1983, and the International Lens Design Conference at Cherry Hill, New Jersey, in 1985. Progress, both in terms of improvements in hardware as well as software has been quite dramatic, and this paper deals with some of the issues involved, with particular reference to the Optical Design software developed by Kidger Optics. Since the major advantages of using personal computers are now quite obvious, and have been discussed in detail in Refs 1, 2, 3 and 4, this paper will discuss new advances, since the last European SPIE Conference in 1983.


To protect reservoir during drilling, the upper drilling fluid is generally converted into reservoir protection fluid by adding proper graded temporary plugging materials based on the average radius of pore throat in the reservoir, coupled with colloid filling particles. However, the fluid converted has a better temporary plugging effect on only some well sections because of the wide distribution of the average radius of pore throat in the reservoir. Aiming at present problems of reservoir protection drilling and completion fluid technology and reservoir characteristics such as strong heterogeneity, wide distribution of pore diameter, difficultly accurate prediction of pore diameter in reservoir, etc., a broad-spectrum oil-film fielding temporary plugging agent was developed with the oil-film method used for reservoir protection drilling. Completion fluid systems were established. The laboratory evaluation and field tests showed that there is good compatibility between the broad-spectrum oil-film fielding temporary plugging agent and common drilling fluid systems, as well, the plugging rate and recovery rate of cores treated by the developed systems are both over 90% and the field test skin factor is close to 0; thus, the developed systems have a better reservoir protection effect than conventional systems and can help to increase daily oil production.


Abstract : Our long-term goal is to improve our understanding of the physics of the forward scattering of underwater sound. Of particular interest is understanding limitations on the predictability of underwater sound fields. Improving our understanding of the mechanism(s) that contribute to the loss of predictability will lead to improved predictive models.


The effects of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) on growth, peptide and amino acid (AA) transporters, postprandial free AA and related gene expression of IGF‐1/AKT pathway were evaluated in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Three diets were formulated to contain the same low level of fishmeal; meanwhile 0, 45 and 180 g/kg FPH were, respectively, supplemented to the FF (FPH‐free), FL (FPH‐Low) and FH (FPH‐High) diets. Fish fed the FH diet improved the growth compared with the other groups. For peptide and AA transporters, PepT1, B⁰AT1, CAT1 and PAT1 mRNA levels in proximal or distal intestine decreased in fish fed the FH diet. The concentration of free total essential AAs in serum was higher in the FH treatment than that in the FF treatment at 2 and 6 hr after feeding. For IGF‐1/AKT pathway in muscle, IGF‐1, 4E‐BP1 and FoxO1 mRNA levels were the highest in the FH group, whereas IGF‐1R mRNA levels were the highest expression level in the FF group. In conclusion, down‐regulated AAs transport, alleviated the delayed postprandial peak of serum‐free AAs and increased muscle protein synthesis were observed to improve the growth when turbot was fed high FPH level diets containing a high plant protein.


AMR Codec on GSM system can increase the channel capacity up to 75%. However, the increasing of channel capacity can decrease the speech quality or outage probability. The channel capacity has a strong relation with hysteresis range of the received signal. A proper hysteresis range adjustment may reduce handover probability significantly, so that the communication link will not seriously affected. For a certain hysteresis range, every 1 dB increasing in hysteresis value can make the handover probability of 7% lower


Chamber (14) combustion or precombustion for a tool (10) of gas-actuated, comprising at least one valve (20), such as inlet or gas discharge valve, said valve comprising a body ( 22) movable between a first closed position and a second open position, characterized in that said body has an elongated tubular shape and includes an internal bore (28) opening at both longitudinal ends (22a, 22b) of said body to form respectively two orifices (30a, 30b) of longitudinal gas passageway.


This article discusses the decision to pave the new Penn State transportation corridor in concrete as part of Pennsylvania DOT's five-year success in turning around the state's roads' roughness rankings by a national trucking magazine from worst to most improved and number five overall. DOT targeted roughest sections for earliest replacement and gave bonuses for exceeding standard smoothness requirements. The article also gives technical details about the Penn State corridor.


In order to control the pollution of the environment, enhance the efficiency of pesticide, a new kind of pesticide adjuvant 06301, which was environmentally-friend and multi-functional, was used in the pesticide. The results proved that 06301 could act as wetting agent, penetrating agent, emulsifier, etc., which exhibited excellent characters in solubility, stability, and efficiency for the pesticides.


Can teachers influence the self efficacy,
attitude and choice for science? In this
article we discuss the results of 18 in depth
interviews and a survey with 149 pupils
who are about to make a choice whether
to continue following science subjects
in school or not.


Clark reviews Busted: A Tale of Corruption and Betrayal in the City of Brotherly Love by Wendy Ruderman and Barbara Laker.


In this paper, a design of central air -conditioner system based on LonWorks technology is introduced, focused on the specific method of monitoring. It also described the design of intelligent node based on LonWorks technology. Hu man-machine interface and work process is also introduced.


The traditional data cleaning technology cannot fully meet the needs of cleaning RFID data streams. The original data set collected by the readers is very enormous and with a lot of redundancies, it is not suitable to the following cleaning process. This paper proposes a redundancy deleting algorithm. By setting a time tolerance threshold, it cleans the data redundancy and reduces the data, avoiding the redundancy refill in the following data cleaning processes. At the same time, considering the different constraints existing in different RFID applications, we propose a data cleaning algorithm based on constraints which can guide the data cleaning with the self-learned constraints and user-appointed constraints, and improve the accuracy of cleaning.


Abstract : Consider an electrostatic problem for a conductor consisting of finitely many small inhomogeneities of extreme conductivity, embedded in a spatially varying reference medium. Firstly we establish an asymptotic formula for the voltage potential in terms of the reference voltage potential, the location of the inhomogeneities and their geometry. Secondly we use this representation formula to prove a Lipschitz continuous dependence estimate for the corresponding inverse problem. This estimate bounds the difference in the location and in the relative size of two sets of inhomogeneities by the difference in the boundary voltage potentials corresponding to a fixed current distribution.


This research aims to analyze public participation on the monitoring of village funds in the area of Madiun Regency of East Java Province, Indonesia. This qualitative research was analyzed by using phenomenology approach. Data collection through indept interview and focus group discussion (FGD). The research found 3 different groups of villagers related to their participation levels in monitoring the village funds that are low, fair, and high. This research revealed factors causing the weak participation of public in monitoring the village funds, they are a) the lack of understanding of the people about the village funds, b) the culture "trimo ing pandum" (to accept as it is) is still inherent in the society, b) the less optimal role of village counselors, d) the less optimal role of  Village Consultative Board (BPD), and e) the weakness of guidance and supervisory elements from the sub district and related officials. Keywords : Village Funds, Public Participation, and Monitoring.


Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease characterized by pulmonary vascular changes with subsequent right ventricular (RV) failure. This work investigated the hypothesis that a new p38-alpha mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-alpha MAPK) inhibitor, named LASSBio-1824, could interfere on PH model in rats.

 Methods:
 HP was induced in male Wistar rats through the exposure to hypoxia (10% O2) during 3 weeks, in combination to i.p. injection of an antagonist of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (SU5416; 20 mg/kg/weekly). Control rats were kept in normoxia. After 3 weeks, echocardiography images confirmed PH using the pulmonary artery (PA) outflow waveform. After disease onset, animals were randomly divided into three groups: control + vehicle (DMSO), PH + vehicle and PH + LASSBio-1824 (50 mg/kg/day), in which vehicle and LASSBio-1824 were orally administered (gavage) during two weeks. All experiments were in accordance with the Animal Care and Use Committee at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (039/19).

 Results:
 Pulmonary acceleration time (PAT; ms) was reduced from 40.0 ± 2.1 (control) to 24.2 ± 1.8 in PH + vehicle group (p < 0.05) and restored to 36.8 ± 2.9 after treatment with LASSBio-1824 (p < 0.05). RV afterload was detected in PH group because of the increase of systolic pressure (mmHg) from 23.2 ± 1.5 (control) to 46.7 ± 2.8 (p < 0.05) which was reduced to 19.4 ± 2.7 with LASSBio1824 treatment. Medial wall thickness (%) of distal pulmonary arteries (PA, < 50 μm) was evaluated by using immunohistochemistry for alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) which was increased from 64.0 ± 4.9 (control) to 80.8 ± 2.7 in PH group (p < 0.05), but it was significantly reduced to 55.0 ± 1.3 after treatment with the inhibitor (p < 0.05). Acetylcholine (ACh)-induced maximal relaxation (%) of PA from normal and PH rats, was reduced from 67.5 ± 1.6 to 51.9 ± 4.9 (p < 0.05). Therefore, the treatment with the p38 inhibitor normalized vascular reactivity to 73.0 ± 3.3 %. The immunohistochemistry for c-fos protein, a product of the p38 pathway related to cell proliferation, showed an increase of stained myocyte nuclei (%) in PH animals of 36.5 ± 1.5 when compared to normal group of 20.2 ± 4.2. The inhibitor significantly reduced ratio to 24.0 ± 2.3% (p < 0.05). PH increased the inflammatory condition because the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase altered from 10.4 ± 1.9% (control) to 31.9 ± 2.2% and it was recovered by the inhibitor to 15.5 ± 2.2% (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the new p38-alpha MAPK inhibitor represents an important approach for the future treatment of PH, since it improves the underlying remodeling and inflammation processes.


We described a walking-posture classification method from a single accelerator attached to a human waist using a deep learning technique. We considered deep learning architectures for a single accelerator based on previous human activity recognition studies and investigated the classification accuracy of the proposed method using the walking-posture dataset. The results demonstrate that a deep learning approach to walking-posture classification using a single accelerator is more useful than the conventional SVM approach. Additionally, we also confirmed that a hybrid network architecture with three convolutional neural layers, two pooling layers between the convolutional layers, and a long short-term memory layer achieved the best accuracy of 0.9803 compared to other network architectures. We also confirmed the deep learning approach yielded more correct classification for each walking-posture category in spite of the difficulty to detect the classification by the SVM approach.


ABSTRACT The paper aims at exploring the relationship between housing resale prices and neighborhood features in Zhuhai, as well as structure and location characteristics. Thirteen neighborhood features are collected to analyze their influence on average community-level apartment resale prices in 2018. Six neighborhood features, structural and location characteristics, are selected according to their statistical significance and multicollinearity test results from an OLS model. Regression analysis is performed by OLS, GWR, and MGWR to compare their performance in housing price research at community level. The comparison of the three models also demonstrates that the GWR (66%) and MGWR (68%) models perform much better than OLS model (52%). MGWR is not significantly different from GWR in areas with few sample points, and the optimal bandwidth at different spatial scales is hard to be captured in a city-level study area. The regression parameter indicates that building age is the most important factor among all influencing factors. Proximity to schools and factories have positive and negative significant effects on housing resale prices, respectively. The spatial pattern of neighborhood features is also detected at town level. GWR and MGWR models accurately demonstrate local spatial heterogeneity of the housing resale market, which provides better results than the traditional OLS model in the goodness of fit and parameter estimates when spatial dependency is present. The results provide references for local planning departments, helping to reveal the complicated relationship and spatial patterns between housing price and determinants over space.


Taking Pontederia cordata and Canna generalis which grow in natural wetland as materials,the purify and biological effcet of two kinds of plants under high concerntration of livestock wastewater was studied in outdoor simulated conditions.The correlation between clean and biological effect was also studied.The results showed that two species had good purify treatment effect for livestock wastewater:COD,TP,NH3-N were decreased from 1 615-2 364mg/L,33-71mg/L,115-224 mg/L to 136-280 mg/L,17-76 mg/L,0.5-9.0 mg/L,which could reach the standard of discharge.The physiological indexes of plants was in normal range and the plants grew well.The combination wetland plants of Pontederia cordataand Canna generali in constructed wetland not only had good landscape effect,but also had high purify effect for livestock wastewater.


The invention provides a car component state real-time processing method. The method comprises the steps that a standard impulse count is obtained through an original car wheel impulse count and a corresponding correction coefficient; an error between the standard impulse count and an actual impulse count is computed, and a rotation angle error is obtained; a rotation angle mean value and a relative error of a tire are computed, and whether the tire pressure is abnormal or not is judged according to the relative error; alarming thresholds of different car speed intervals are determined; and the gas leakage state of the tire is judged according to a sampling value of car wheel rotation speed data. According to the car component state real-time processing method, the operation processing can be conducted just through existing sensor elements, the tire pressure is effectively and dynamically monitored in the running process, the hardware cost is reduced, and the operation accuracy is improved.


The photolysis in water solution of three fungicides (Metalaxyl, Benalaxyl, and Furalaxyl) was studied under artificial light. At λ = 254 Benalaxyl and Furalaxyl underwent fast degradation with rearrangement reactions less complex than those of Metalaxyl. Under A = 254–290 the photolysis was very fast and Benalaxyl and Furalaxyl show a common behaviour. This was found to be a kinetic consecutive process leading, at first, to N‐2,6‐xylyl‐D,L‐alaninate (II), which was degraded to 2,6‐dimethylaniline (IV). This amine gives unknown products. Metalaxyl underwent a parallel/consecutive photodegradtion to give (II) and N‐(methoxyacetyl)‐2,6‐dimethylaniline (VI). While (II) was easily converted to (IV) as earlier, (VI) was more stable to photolysis. Under λ > 290 all the fungicides shown very slow degradation with pseudo first order rate constants. The photoproducts were degraded faster than the parent compounds by factors from 13 to 1800. The presence of photosensitizer in water (humic acids or acetone) resulted...


Accessing draft animal power with capital resources is difficult for the most vulnerable farm households because of the level of investment needed. They must then depend on loans. In West and Central Africa, public financing of draft animal power helped equip large areas where cash crop production is practiced. However, these set-ups did not prove to be sustainable and are today continuously regressing. In the vacuum left by the State, institutional innovations are developing, boosted by peasant organizations and microfinance. These two sectors are experimenting today on a very small scale with animal traction financing, but they also face major difficulties: adequate financial resources are hard to mobilize, mid-term credit is difficult to secure, and the financing supply is considerably insufficient compared to the amplitude of the demand. A few institutions, such as the CECAM network in Madagascar, for example, are experimenting innovative and promising financing modes.


Objective : Workplace violence is a serious problem in the healthcare services worldwide. This study describes assaults by patients experienced by healthcare service workers of Limpopo Province.
Methods : Details of such assault cases from Limpopo Province, submitted to the Compensation Commissioner from January 2007 to December 2009, were analysed.
Results : There were 33 cases; 75.6% were among those 40 years and older, 54.5% involved females workers. The most affected were nurses (66.7%) and the least affected were kitchen staff members (6.1%) and pharmacy personnel (3.1%). Most (66.7%) were beatings, and injuries including soft tissue injuries and swellings. Over half occurred in Mopani district health facilities (51.5%), followed by Capricorn (24.5%), and Vhembe district (21.5%). The trend analysis over the three years showed that the number of cases kept on increasing from 2007 to 2009.
Conclusion : Interventions are needed to reduce such assaults.


The present invention, TRPAl novel 3,4-dihydro-pyrimidine compound of Formula (I) having a receptor antagonistic, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, these compounds chemical preparation and animals, in particular their use in the treatment of diseases linked to the modulation of TRPA1 receptors in humans.


The influence of sampler type on quantitative estimates of deep-sea meiobenthos is examined by a n indirect statistical comparison of box corer and multiple corer samples collected throughout the northeast Atlantic, and by a direct comparison of contemporaneously collected multiple corer and box corer samples from a single abyssal location. The data strongly support the suggestion that the greater down-wash/bow wave associated with box corers results in displacement of surface sediments and any superfic~al detrltus layer together with thelr associated fauna. Total metazoan meiobenthos density estimates from box corer samples are about half those from corresponding multiple corer samples Sampler type may also influence the fauna1 composition of both the metazoan and protozoan components of the meiobenthos.


Bleeding complications remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Access-site bleeding is greatest among the STEMI population. Transradial access PPCI is associated with significant reduction in bleeding and vascular complications and with lower mortality compared with the transfemoral approach (TFA). Specific radial skills providing procedural times and success rates comparable with those of the TFA are strongly recommended before using this technique in the STEMI PPCI setting. A stepwise approach to learning is proposed and high-risk STEMI percutaneous coronary intervention is recommended as the last step. A team approach to patient management is crucial in the catheterization laboratory.