Abstract The aim of this paper is to discuss the existence and uniqueness of the Cauchy problem for a conservation law of the form ∂u ∂t + ∂u m ∂x =0 (m>1) withσ-finite Borel measures as initial conditions. In particular, we also obtain a non-existence theorem which implies that our results are optimal.


In this paper, we present a collaborative volume rendering application which can be used in distributed virtual environments. The application allows the users to collaboratively view volumetric data and manipulate the transfer functions. Furthermore, 3D markers can be used to support communication. The collaborative setup includes a full duplex audio channel between the virtual environments. The developed software was evaluated with external users who were asked to solve tasks in two scenarios which resembled real-world situations from the medical field: a presentation and a time-constrained search task. For the evaluation, two 4-sided CAVE-like virtual environments were linked. The collaborative application was analyzed for both technical and social aspects.


ABSHER, JAMES D., see Kneeshaw, K. ALSTON, LETITIA, see Brody, S. D. ATLIS, MERA M., GLORIA R. LEON, GRO M. SANDAL, and MICHAEL G. INFANTE, "Decision Processes and Interactions During a Two-Woman Traverse of Antarctica," 402. AUSTIN, JOHN, see Miller, J. A. BASKAYA, AYSU, CHRISTOPHER WILSON, and YUSUF Z IYA ÖZCAN, "Wayfinding in An Unfamiliar Environment: Different Spatial Settings of Two Polyclinics," 839. BEGUM, HAMIDA AKHTAR, see Ruback, R. B. BELL, PAUL A., see Mace, B. L. BELL, SCOTT, and DEBORAH SAUCIER, "Relationship Among Environmental Pointing Accuracy, Mental Rotation, Sex, and Hormones," 251. BOMAN, EVA, and INGELA ENMARKER, "Factors Affecting Pupils' Noise Annoyance in School: The Building and Testing of Models," 207. BONAIUTO, MARINO, MIRILIA BONNES, and MASSIMO CONTINISIO, "Neighborhood Evaluation Within a Multiplace Perspective on Urban Activities," 41. BONNES, MIRILIA, see Bonaiuto, M. BOWKER, J. M., see Johnson, C. Y. BRIGHT, ALAN D., see Kneeshaw, K. BRODY, SAMUEL D., WES HIGHFIELD, and LETITIA ALSTON, "Does Location Matter? Measuring Environmental Perceptions of Creeks in Two San Antonio Watersheds," 229. BROWN, BARBARA B., see Brown, G.


Transcoding technology is a new emerging research topic.It is widely used in the fields of digital video communications and multimedia networks.Transcoding can be defined as the conversion of compressed stream into a desired form meeting the requirements of the transmission and receiving.This paper studied and discussed the classification and research advances of transcoding technology systematically and further pointed out its prospects.


Unerupted maxillary central incisors significantly affect the function, esthetics, and confidence of young patients. Impacted tooth can occur because of number of reasons such as bony barrier, presence of odontoma, supernumerary tooth, retained deciduous tooth, or arch length discrepancy. During the mixed dentition stage, impacted central incisors are very common which bothers the child and the parents. Successful management of impacted central incisor can prove to be a big challenge for clinicians. Whenever there is a delay in eruption sequence, it is imperative for the dentist to find the etiology and formulate a treatment plan. Multidisciplinary management and proper planning are essential in the management of impacted central incisor. The present case report describes the management of a 9-year-old patient having impacted left permanent maxillary central incisor. The tooth structure was exposed using a diode laser was used as it was a conservative approach which provides a bloodless site for clinicians to operate and less postoperative trauma to the patients followed by orthodontic traction to align the tooth into proper position.


Despite the vast heterogeneity of mutations, the levels of increased hemoglobin (Hb) A2 seen in individuals of different racial groups heterozygous for the different P-thalassemia mutations are remarkably uniform and rarely more than 6%. However, unusually high levels of Hb A2 have been observed in some P-thalassemia heterozygotes; in one group, it is associated with a partial or complete deletion of the P globin gene.' We describe here an Iranian family with a Po-thalassemia mutation caused by a 290-bp deletion that removes the 5' region of the p gene including the messenger RNA (mRNA) cap site and entire exon I. As seen in previous cases, individuals heterozygous for this deletion have a typical P-thalassemia trait phenotype but unusually high levels of


Concerning the shopping information Web page constructed by template, and the large number of Web information and complex Web structure, this paper studied how to extract the shopping information from the Web page template by not using the complex learning rule. The paper defined the Web page template and the extraction template of Web page and designed template language that was used to construct the template. This paper also gave a model of extraction based on template. The experimental results show that the recall rate of the proposed method is 12% higher than the Extraction problem Algorithm( EXALG) by testing the standard 450 Web pages; the results also show that the recall rate of this method is 7. 4% higher than Visual information and Tag structure based wrapper generator( ViNTs) method and 0. 2% higher than Augmenting automatic information extraction with visual perceptions( ViPER) method and the accuracy rate of this method is 5. 2% higher than ViNTs method and 0. 2% higher than ViPER method by testing the standard 250 Web pages. The recall rate and the accuracy rate of the extraction method based on the rapid construction template are improved a lot which makes the accuracy of the Web page analysis and the recall rate of the information in the shopping information retrieval and the shopping comparison system improve a lot.


plain and cheaper methods over the more expensive ones, if the patient's safety is not endangered in any way by choosing them. Halothane is very expensive in Brazil and so is enflurane. Every time we perform an epidural, spinal or regional block, we are helping the hospital and the country by keeping costs down and we are also helping the patient by using mcthods and agents in clinical care that have been proved safe over many years. The same applies when we employ ether or. intravenous techniques. It would be curious to see the physicians who advocate only 'modern' anaesthesia (in the sense that 'modern' is equal to 'complicated') placed in situations in which most of the drugs and equipment they use were not available. This can easily happen nowdays in these troubled times, when terrorism, war and natural catastrophes are a daily occurrence. What would they do on a case like this? Pray? Wish they knew more? Professor Macintosh once said that a man, to be considered an anaesthetist, should be able to perform even in very poor conditions. Nobody would advise a specialist to choose open mask with ether for his daily practice, but 1 believe that every trainee should learn how to do it. It may be the only method available in certain circumstances and there is no time to learn 'on the job'. Open drop ether may look easy but I found it harder to manage during my training days than closed system cyclopropane. I congratulate Dr Farman on his letter and I wish I had written it myself. It was about time that someone stated the plain truth, as Dr Farman did, that 'modern, expensive and complicated' is not a synonym for 'safe, simple and reliable'.


This article examines how Philip Roth's Deception, by enmeshing fiction with autobiography, enlarges the definition of reality. The artist-hero of the text is guilty of deception in both practicing adultery and in adulterating reality by his blatant fictions. Strangely enough, the protagonist's Jewishness lies at the heart of these deceptions. Deception, thus, qualifies as a portrait of the artist as an adulterous Jew.


One of the most widely used method of error detection and correction is Single Error Correction and Double Error Detection (SEC-DED) code. With any technology, there is a danger that information will be corrupted due to physical imperfections in storage media or electronic noise. So it is necessary to detect and correct such an erroneous data during transmission. Error detection and correction mechanisms using hamming code play an important role for memory protection. So in this paper an efficient Single Error Correction and Double Error Detection (SEC-DED) methods that deals with isolated defects are introduced.


1. The collective dental radiation dose in Israel in 1998 is 42.86 Sv. 2. The collective dental radiation is responsible for a mortality of about 2.14 people per year in Israel, and a similar number of morbidity from non-lethal cancer. 3. It seems that the quality of the picture in dental radiographs in Israel is not satisfactory, so is the dentists' level of knowledge about it. 4. Exposure to dental radiographs may be reduced by half if measures are taken to ensure the quality of the radiographs and the knowledge of dentists on the subject.


Object of Study LIKE other parts of the digestive tract in which two sections of different width, structure, and digestive function join at a sphincter or a valve, the ileocecal region is a common site of motor disorder, inflammation, and newgrowth. Since the intrinsic and extrinsic factors which influence the passage through this junction combine in various ways, the appearances vary even in the selfsame person, and the results of postmortem studies and animal experiments cannot be applied to this problem of human physiology. But, as emphasized by Barclay (4), Hurst (13), and others, our conceptions of the function of the large and small intestines are based chiefly upon observations made on autopsy or in animals. Even the mechanics of the pylorus in man, on which extensive work has been done, is far from being fully understood; and what few publications there are on the ileocecal region, are not conclusive. Since 1928, it has been the author's practice to observe systematically the ileocecal region in r...


To prospectively compare the effects of endoscopic stapling, division and suture ligation, and suture ligation with suspension of the dorsal venous complex (DVC) on continence during robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP).


Group classification of one particle Schrodinger equations with arbitrary potentials (C. P. Boyer, Helv. Phys. Acta {\bf 47}, p. 450, 1974) is revised. The corrected completed list of non-equivalent potentials and the corresponding symmetries is presented together with exact identification of symmetry algebras and admissible equivalence transformations.


A novel of wideband circular polarization (CP) antenna with high gain that is suitable to harvest energy is proposed. In this article, our objective is to design an antenna that is capable of fully harvesting ambient RF energy. A survey on the feasibility of scavenging for RF energy was conducted through power density measurement in an urban area. Using the results, a CP antenna was designed to cover the frequency band from the largest RF contributors, ranging from 1.73 to 2.61 GHz in GSM1800, UMTS, WiMAX and the unlicensed industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands. Hence, a simple single feed electromagnetic (EM) coupled circularly polarized antenna with high gain is presented. The wideband CP is achieved by implementing EM coupled feed with a defected ground plane structure. Experimental results showed the antenna achieved an axial ratio bandwidth of 25% with respect to 2.08 GHz center frequency. Furthermore, the antenna exhibits broad impedance bandwidth of 32.77% with the measured peak gain is 8.7 dBic at 2.05 GHz. The proposed antenna structure is simple and low cost with a size of 0.462 λo and wide 22.1% axial ratio bandwidth.


The booming of the regional economy depends on the developments of industries,especially on the dominant industries in one region.The diffusion affections of the dominant industry will drive development of the whole regional economy.By carefully selecting of the suitable dominant industry,we can maximize the conjunction affection and bring in investigations.In this way,the regional development and structural updating will be reached.Within the framework of population-resource-society and environments,the paper constructs an economy index including 11 indicators on the selection of the dominant industry.Based on the index,the paper develops an estimation method with the combination of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and AHP.The paper empirically tests the method with data from Henan Province,2006.Results indicate that the three selected industries are coal industry,food industry and aluminum industry.


The present study investigated pupils' perceptions of the moral atmosphere in their schools. Precisely the study aimed at exploring how pupils perceive the moral climate and moral standards in their schools and how these perceptions impact on their behaviour in and around the school. A survey questionnaire, supplemented by follow-up interviews, was conducted on 100 Form IV pupils randomly drawn from 2 Government Secondary Schools in Harare's high density suburbs. Overall, the study established that the majority of pupils are bitter about the negative moral atmosphere prevailing in schools. Many of the pupils called for the sanitisation of school environments if parents, pupils and other stakeholders are to continue having confidence in the schooling system. The study recommends that heads of schools and the Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture should ensure that the moral atmosphere in schools should be supportive of pupils' learning and should always remind pupils that they are in a place of learning. The way many pupils dress and conduct themselves need to be closely monitored. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p1596


Cellulosic biofibers because of their abundance and renewable nature have recently attracted the attention of researchers for their applications in the field of waste-water remediation. In the present study, cellulosic biofibers have been modified through alkali treatment and subsequently used as low cost adsorbent for the removal of Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ toxic metal ions from aqueous solution. Both raw and treated fibers have been characterized by scanning electron micrography (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Various adsorption parameters such as pH, contact time, temperature, and initial metal ion concentration were studied. The adsorption has been found to depend on the pH of the solution. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to show the adsorption isotherm. The Langmuir model fitted well with the equilibrium data. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated using Langmuir model for Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ metal ions at 25 has been found to be 19.21, 16.85, 44.42, and 67.24 mg/g, respectively. Adsorption of metal ions has been observed to follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, rather than pseudo-first-order-model. Further temperature study has revealed that the adsorption process is exothermic in nature.


The structure of a series of phosphorus-containing peptides was studied. The X-ray structure of a phosphorus-containing dodecapeptide is reported. Analysis of the solution structure of similar phosphorus-containing peptides before and after coordination of rhodium is also reported. In both the solid state and in solution, the peptides were found to exist in a mixture of α-helical and 310 helical conformations. Coordination of rhodium to the i, i + 4 orientated phosphine groups appears to alter the conformational preference.


Di Wang, Fengxia Li and Jianzheng Su, SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing
Mian Chen, Institute of Unconventional Oil and Gas, Northeast Petroleum University and State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing
Andrew. P. Bunger, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Intermittent proppant injection into hydraulic fractures is a newly-developing technology in well stimulation. It is designed to form voids inside proppant packs which serve as highly conductive channels for oil and gas transport. This paper models proppant transport in a PKN fracture in which the proppant-laden and proppant-free fluids are pumped intermittently. Simulations are performed to investigate proppant transport and final distribution under the influence of rock Young's modulus, fluid injection rate, leakoff coefficient, fluid visocisity, and periodicity of proppant pulses. The simulations show that proppant concentration inside a hydraulic fracture from wellbore bottom hole to fracture tip is non-uniform and appears like a damped wave. An equation which is similar to damped wave solution is used to describe this proppant concentration characteristic, thus enabling a dimensional analysis to identify the key parameters affecting proppant distribution and specifically the attenuation of the concentration waves. Two characteristic lengths, including and excluding leakoff coefficient, are presented to rapidly characterize the distance over which the concentration waves attenuate.


Agricultural intensification raises concern about land use and future effects to natural resources. The world demand for grain, meat and forest products is increasing constantly. Changes are occurring at large scale, being a compromise for policy makers to contribute to identify opportunities to readdress the productive scenario. There is available technology to reduce impacts, without restricting necessarily productivity. Grasslands provide a large series of economical and ecological benefits to the agricultural systems, being the literature exhaustive in examples. Ley-farming and cover crops technologies are good examples of environmentally sound soil management practices. The society is also worried about an improper use of the natural resources involved. The drastic increase in the grain crops area leaded by soybean in Uruguay, determined that the government implemented Sustainable Soil Use and Management Plans, based on erosion estimation using the USLE-RUSLE model adapted locally by research conducted over more than 50 years on a series of long term experimental platforms. There is an opportunity for this type of local innovative initiatives to be widely diffused, adopted or adapted. In essence, grasslands will continue playing a key role in maintaining a sustainable production.


THE PERIOD OF A PENDULUM A C E R V A N T E S M A D R I D Teachers Training College of Granada, Escuela Universitaria de Magisterio, Granada, Spain Investigations about  the pendulum, both experimental nd  theoretical, are carried out at almost all educational levels, since they form a useful introduction t o o r a means of reinforcingconcepts such as  oscillation, period, frequency, amplitude, etc. The usual way to determine the period of a pendulum is to count n full oscillations and to determine the time t elapsed: the period is then T = tln. There are a lot of books dedicated to the teaching of physics and  handbooks of experiments  but it seems  that  there is no unanimous agreement on the number of oscillations that must be applied to the pendulum period. This note  describes an experimental determination of the optimum number of oscillations for yielding a good determination of the period of a simple pendulum. We measured the period of a  pendulum for different numbers of oscillations n, repeating each measurement three times. The period is given by T = h , i being the mean of the measurements of the time elapsed among the n full oscillations. The error made in fixing the period is given by


Abstract Based on our empirical research, through the analysis of the birthdates of young competitive swimmers, the present paper aims to examine the system of talent selection and management in Hungarian competitive swimming complemented with a new element. The research population consisted of the registered junior competitive swimmers participating in the new talent management program of the Hungarian Swimming Association (N=235; average age: 11.44) due to the decision of the Coaches' Committee. Our research was based on the analysis of documents and databases. Besides the descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests and the Kruskal-Wallis test were applied. The results show that swimmers born in the first three months of the year are still more likely to be recruited in the program than their relatively younger counterparts. Furthermore, as a potential effect of the new program, the dominance of the first quarter of the year is also characteristic among those eligible for the next level of talent management. The new selection system of Hungarian swimmers is still highly sensitive to the relative age. Thus, it is recommended to further investigate the functioning of the new talent management program in terms of selection and success.


Cholesterol is essential for normal growth and development in mammals. However, excess cholesterol can be harmful leading to diseases such as atherosclerosis and gallstones. Once formed the ring structure of cholesterol cannot be catabolised by the body and must therefore be converted to other compounds for excretion. In most vertebrates the faecal route of cholesterol excretion is through the formation of bile acids (BA) and the solubilisation of free cholesterol in bile. Cholesterol is converted into the primary bile acids cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid, the ratio of which is determined by the enzyme sterol 12α-hydroxylase (CYP8B1). Both cholesterol and BAs regulate their own synthesis, and other biological processes, through the actions of transcription factors such as the sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP), the liver X receptor and the farnesoid X receptor. A Cyp8b1 knockout mouse model has been created, which lacks the ability to synthesize CA. Using this model we investigated the regulatory effects of CA and cholesterol on metabolism and found that a reduction in CA resulted in decreased cholesterol absorption, increased cholesterol synthesis and was protective against large increases in hepatic cholesterol levels. Our results suggest an inhibitor of CYP8B1 may reduce cholesterol levels and thereby reduce the development of cardiovascular disease. The gene involved in cholesterol synthesis most responsive to regulation by CA and cholesterol treatment was squalene epoxidase (Sqle). Therefore the promoter of this gene was investigated further. In analogy to the human SQLE promoter the murine promoter was activated by SREBPs. A 205bp region of the promoter, containing three novel sterol regulatory elements, was found to be responsible for SREBP-2 regulation. While investigating the promoters of other genes involved in cholesterol synthesis mevalonate kinase was found to share a short common promoter with the cob(I)alamin adenotransferase gene (MMAB) catalysing the synthesis of AdoCbl, a cofactor for methylmalonyl CoA mutase. In mice the expression of Mmab was increased by statin treatment. Therefore, statins may represent a novel treatment for patients with methylmalonic aciduria type B, resulting from mutations in this gene. Kommentar [SM1]: It's a common mechansims throughout the mammalia, the man and mouse stuff isn't wrong per se, but putting it in a broader contect is good wrt PhD stuff. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS I. Cholic acid as key regulator of cholesterol synthesis, intestinal absorption and hepatic storage in mice Murphy C, Parini P, Wang J, Bjorkhem I, Eggertsen G, and Gafvels M Biochim Biophys Acta, 2005, 1735, 167-75 II. Studies on LXRand FXR-mediated effects on cholesterol homeostasis in normal and cholic acid-depleted mice Wang J, Einarsson C, Murphy C, Parini P, Bjorkhem I, Gafvels M, and Eggertsen G Journal of Lipid Research, 2006, 47, 421-30 III. Promoter analysis of the murine squalene epoxidase gene. Identification of a 205 bp homing region regulated by both SREBP'S and NF-Y Murphy C, Ledmyr H, Ehrenborg E, and Gafvels M Biochim Biophys Acta, 2006, 1761, 1213-27 IV. Regulation by SREBP-2 defines a potential link between isoprenoid and adenosylcobalamin metabolism Murphy C, Murray AM, Meaney S, and Gafvels M Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Apr 6;355(2):359-64


The purpose of the article is a summary overview of approaches to the treatment of infection caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) in children and adolescents. The article is devoted to issues affecting indications, contraindications and optimal treatment regimens in children and adolescents with chronic HCV infection. All over the world, 13.2 (11.5–21.2) million children aged 1–15 years have HCV. Chronic HCV infection in children, as a rule, is more lethargic than in adults; extrahepatic manifestations mainly in the form of subclinical hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroiditis occur, respectively, in 11 and 5.6% of cases. The risk of developing liver cirrhosis in children with chronic HCV infection ranges from 1 to 4%, while bridging fibrosis and severe liver inflammation are described in approximately 15%. The article discusses the issues of therapy: goals, endpoints, indications, contraindications and the optimal treatment regimen in children with chronic HCV infection. The recommendations made by the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterologists, Hepatologists and Nutritionists (ESPGHAN) are provided. Conclusion. Chronic HCV infection in children in general is in a benign form, but treatment of the disease is required to achieve success in eliminating hepatitis C.


Mutual trust – Essence of EU fundamental rights – Values under Article 2 TEU – Intrinsic link between essence and values – Federalism – LM judgment – Rule of law crisis in Poland – Right to fair trial – Judicial independence – Fundamental right to an independent tribunal – Prohibition on transfers – Obligation to presume compliance with fundamental rights – Condition of 'systemic deficiencies' as a federal safeguard – Area of Freedom, Security and Justice – European Arrest Warrant – Dublin system


Abstract The effect of supervisory control on a redundant database unit representing a command and control (C2) system that supports air operations is investigated through simulation. Several supervisory control policies are considered. They authorize restoration and/or routing upon the failure of a server in the system. The performance of the modeled system under these policies is evaluated based on the measures of system mean-time-to-failure (MTTF), steady-state availability, expected response time, and overhead. The system is modeled as a discrete event system using a simulation tool. In addition, a system update process is implemented to ensure the currency of the information contained in the database unit.


This study generally aim to see the dynamic impact between country stock return, changes in oil price and changes in gold price toward the Islamic stock return in Malaysia. This study used time series data analysis and Multiple Linear Regression Model in order to know the significant relationship between the dependent variable and independent variable. The data was obtained from Bursa Malaysia, Yahoo. Finance, Investing Website and Inveslopedia website that covering monthly data for 10 years period. The data collected from January 2008 until December 2017. Thus. the sample size of this study become 120 observation. This study use three different independent variable in order to know the impact toward Islamic stock return. This independent variable are country stock return. changes in oil prices and changes in gold prices. The result of this study found that, there is significant and positive relationship between country stock return toward Islamic stock market, while oil price and gold price are insignificant toward Islamic stock market.


The aim of this paper is to highlight integral representations of the first and the second associated forms , , where the form u 1 is a perturbed of Jacobi J(−1/2, 1/2). All these forms were studied by Atia [Semi-classical linear functionals and integral representation, Integral Transform Spec. Funct. 14(1) (2003), pp. 59–67], but unfortunately, the above problem of integral representation remained opened in that work. In this paper, we investigate the semi-classical character, a relationship between the two associated forms and the values of their moments of index 0≤k≤3 to solve this problem.


A single intraperitoneal injection of sodium oxalate was used to induce intrarenal tubular precipitation of calcium oxalate in rats. This experimental model was used to screen the efficacy of hydrochlorothiazide, orthophosphate, methylene blue, trypan blue, retinal folic acid, neuraminidase, and lysozyme in retarding intratubular calcium oxalate precipitation. Orthophosphate caused a 53 per cent reduction in calcium oxalate precipitation relative to the control animals.


Abstract : Bonded composite repairs have been successfully applied to damaged aircraft structure since the early 70s. One of the major restrictions preventing widespread usage of the technology on primary aircraft structure is the lack of any defined statistical processes to guarantee the environmental durability of the bonded repair for periods that may approach the service life of the aircraft. This paper describes a proposed framework for a risk-based approach to certify the environmental durability of bonded repairs. The proposed approach is based on both laboratory-based performance data of a variety of surface treatments and the durability of repairs that have been in service for a period of time. The approach provides flexibility in repair application choices that are tailored to the criticality of the repair task. The expected outcome is to gain a quantitative understanding of environmental durability issues which will provide a sound basis for making engineering decisions.


Background: Plants, herbs and plant derived compounds have been used since decades in folk and traditional medicine. These compounds were found to be non-toxic and compatible with the human cells. Screening of this exhaustive collection of compounds seems to be a herculean task. Hence, virtual screening methods have been developed to predict the potential targets of these compounds enabling researchers to acquire preliminary data on the compound intended to be tested in vitro.
Aim: The present study aims to identify protein targets of theophylline in red complex pathogens which are mainly associated with periodontitis.
Methods: The STITCH v5.0 pipeline was mainly used to classify drug-protein interactions, while VirulentPred and VICMPred were used to determine the proteins' virulence properties and functional classes. PSORTb v3.0 was used to determine the subcellular localization of viral proteins, and BepiPred v1.0 Linear Epitope Prediction was used to classify epitopes.
Results: Proteins of red complex pathogens implicated in cellular process, metabolism, and virulence were identified to interact with theophylline. The virulent proteins attacked by the drugs were present in the cytoplasm, which would improve the drugs' antimicrobial efficacy even more. Finally, epitope prediction showed a number of epitopes in virulent proteins that can be targeted.
Conclusions: Proteins involved in the cellular process, metabolism, and virulence of red complex pathogens targeted by theophylline were identified. To substantiate the true interactions between the drugs and the protein arsenal of pathogens, further in vitro experiments on a broad range of pathogens are required.


'SCOPE New Photographic Practices,' was an exhibition held at the Visual Art Centre Gallery, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. 28 November – 12 December 2011.

An exhibition curated by Martin Newth. The photographic practices brought together for this exhibition and publication provide a broad scope of how photographic and lens based media may be used in order to have a visceral and conceptual impact. The methods on show demonstrate the way that artists might pick and choose from the approaches, processes and debates that have arisen through the medium's history. This collection of work features film, video and photography that demand a renegotiation of the relationship between camera, subject and viewer.

Artists:

Mervyn Arthur
Jordan Baseman
Bernd Behr
Sutapa Biswas
Veronique Chance
William Cobbing
Paul Coldwell
Cornford and Cross
Sarah Dobai
Lorrice Douglas
Neil Drabble
Lucy Gunning
Sigune Hamann
Thomas Haywood
Mark Ingham
Tania Kovats
Jean-Louis Lanteri Laura
Chrystel Lebas
Johanna Love
Anna Mossman
Martin Newth
Helen Robertson
Lois Rowe
Finlay Taylor
Danny Treacy
Chris Wainwright
Dave Webster


Multiple cameras are needed to cover large environments for monitoring activity. To track people successfully in multiple perspective imagery, one needs to establish correspondence between objects captured in multiple cameras. We present a system for tracking people in multiple uncalibrated cameras. The system is able to discover spatial relationships between the camera fields of view and use this information to correspond between different perspective views of the same person. We employ the novel approach of finding the limits of field of view (FOV) of a camera as visible in the other cameras. Using this information, when a person is seen in one camera, we are able to predict all the other cameras in which this person will be visible. Moreover, we apply the FOV constraint to disambiguate between possible candidates of correspondence. We present results on sequences of up to three cameras with multiple people. The proposed approach is very fast compared to camera calibration based approaches.


With the development of optical communication, the optical attenuator becomes an important passive device. It is widely used in power equalization of DWDM system and photo detectors. Here an optofluidic variable optical attenuator (VOA) based on magnetohydrodynamic drive is presented. This chip uses microfluid and compressible air to adjust optical attenuation, where the fluid-drive technology uses magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) drive. The driving pump consists of two electrodes and a permanent magnet (NdFeB) that under the microfluidic channel. Only several volts voltage is needed in operation. There are no movable mechanical parts in this variable optical attenuator, so its volume is small. This variable optical attenuator has a simple structure and a low voltage advantages, and it is easy to control and integrate. The proposed VOA gives a new method for looking for small, low voltage and adjustable VOAs.


Soft law, and in particular, the burgeoning body of non-binding EU norms continues to fascinate lawyers, fuelling litigation and research. The present article focuses on the research and jurisprudence related to a particularly enigmatic type of EU soft law: Commission recommendations that highly resemble directives. While this type of measure has been around for a few decades now, it is the first time that the CJEU has had opportunity to rule on whether or not the chosen form of recommendation was indeed correct. This article gives insight into the phenomenon of directive-like recommendations on the example of the new Commission recommendation on online gambling, discussing and criticising in detail the test devised by the CJEU to determine the nature of European norm under scrutiny.


Leuconostoc was isolated from the soil.The taxonomic status was confirmed by physiological and biochemical test and phylogenetic tree based on 16S rDNA sequences.As a result,it is proposed that this strain was Gram-positive,catalase-negative,arginine and aesculin unhydrolyzed.The strain produced CO2 gas and lactate from glucose but don't produce dextran from sucrose.Fructose,sucrose,melibiose,maltose,L-arabinose,D-xylose,melitriose,ribose and salicin can be fermented,but galactose and mannose turned to te delayed in use during the fermentation.Cellobiose,lactose,trehalose and L-rhamnosecan can also be weakly used but mannitol can not be fermented by this strain.Phylogenetic tree classified the strain in the genus of Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides which was named by kimshi005.The Accession Number of kimshi005 in GenBank was GU130195.


The present work addressed the nuances of sleep and its importance in the athlete's life. Another point of great value that will also be addressed in this research is the functions of sleep in the human body and how its deprivation can cause various harms. Although there are numerous reasons for developing direct sleep deprivation, sleep is of fundamental importance for the functioning of the human body and its phases will be studied and detailed in this article. Despite the passing of time and modernity that has made human life more hectic and some of the healthy habits forgotten, this study demonstrated how sleep has broader functions than just rest. The problem of the research was the direct connection between sleep and the performance of athletes. The methodologies used were explanatory and qualitative research.


This article is dedicated to studying the methods of designation of color tones in the French language using adjectivized nouns. The research material consists of 90 nominations of color tones, acquired by means of continuous sampling from dictionaries and Internet sources. Nominations of such specific color tones are given on the basis of associations with the color of various objects, phenomena, and substances that have similar tone. Classification is conducted on the units under consideration, depending on the type of metaphorical transfer underlying the nomination. Special attention is turned to examination of grammatical peculiarities of application of the indicated units in the French language. The obtained results allowed determining the following types of associations in color designation: with the plant life (names of vegetables, fruit, nuts, flowers, plants, trees); with the animal world (names of fish, birds, mammals); with the natural resources, stones, and minerals; with the natural phenomena (force of sky and sea); with the gastronomy (food, sweets, seasonings, drinks); with various materials, substances and objects. The results of quantitative analysis of color tones in the French language, which was conducted for the first time, allowed revealing most productive associations in formation of color neologisms, among which are plant life, natural resources, stones and minerals. The authors' special contribution consists in studying the grammatical peculiarities of usage the units in question in the French language. In these constructs consisting of two elements — two nouns without a preposition (main + adherent), the second element is an adjectivized noun that exercise function of an adjective. Due to adjectivization, such constructs significantly expand the capabilities of conveying color tones in the French language.


Multipartner alliances have become a popular vehicle for coordinating firms' strategies in technologie-driven industries. They Play an important role in promoting industry standards, yet very few firms have been able to sucessfully leverage their involvement in these complex organizations. Apparently, a firm's experience with bilateral alliances is insufficient for Managing the tradeoffs entailed by engagement in multilateral relationships. This chapter analyzes the benefits, costs and risks associated with multipartner alliances.


This paper introduces Prec‐DWARF (Precipitation Downscaling With Adaptable Random Forests), a novel machine‐learning based method for statistical downscaling of precipitation. Prec‐DWARF sets up a nonlinear relationship between precipitation at fine resolution and covariates at coarse/fine resolution, based on the advanced binary tree method known as Random Forests (RF). In addition to a single RF, we also consider a more advanced implementation based on two independent RFs which yield better results for extreme precipitation. Hourly gauge‐radar precipitation data at 0.125° from NLDAS‐2 are used to conduct synthetic experiments with different spatial resolutions (0.25°, 0.5°, and 1°). Quantitative evaluation of these experiments demonstrates that Prec‐DWARF consistently outperforms the baseline (i.e., bilinear interpolation in this case) and can reasonably reproduce the spatial and temporal patterns, occurrence and distribution of observed precipitation fields. However, Prec‐DWARF with a single RF significantly underestimates precipitation extremes and often cannot correctly recover the fine‐scale spatial structure, especially for the 1° experiments. Prec‐DWARF with a double RF exhibits improvement in the simulation of extreme precipitation as well as its spatial and temporal structures, but variogram analyses show that the spatial and temporal variability of the downscaled fields are still strongly underestimated. Covariate importance analysis shows that the most important predictors for the downscaling are the coarse‐scale precipitation values over adjacent grid cells as well as the distance to the closest dry grid cell (i.e., the dry drift). The encouraging results demonstrate the potential of Prec‐DWARF and machine‐learning based techniques in general for the statistical downscaling of precipitation.


Objective:To systematically review the cardioprotective of sevoflurane in patients undergoing heart surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass,so as to provide evidence for anesthesia decision of cardiac surgery.Methods:Trials about the cardioprotective effect of sevoflurane under CPB were collected through electronic search of Medline,CNKI,and CMBdisk (from the date of database establishment to October 2008); manual search was also conducted.Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria,fourteen randomized-controlled trials were finally included in the present analysis.The details of the trial design,the characters of the subjects,and the results of the studies were reviewed and analyzed using RevMan 4.2 software.Results:The 14 trials involved 1 226 patients,including 616 receiving sevoflurane and 610 receiving total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA).Compared with TIVA,our analysis showed the following results.(1) Cardiac function:sevoflurane significantly increased the postoperative cardio index (CI,P0.01) and cardiac output(CO,P0.01).(2) Serum cTnI concentration at 24 h postoperation:sevoflurane group was significantly lower than that of TIVA group (P0.01).(3)Sevoflurane significantly decreased the period of mechanical ventilation (P0.01) and the length of intensive care unit stay (P0.01),but the postoperative hospital stay was similar between the two groups.(4)The postoperative usage of inotropic agent was lower in sevoflurane group ( P0.01).There were no significant differences in the mortality (P=0.59),the incidence of atrial fibrillation (P=0.11),and the myocardial infarction rate (P=0.11) between the two groups.Conclusion:Sevoflurane has cardioprotective effect in patients undergoing heart surgery under CPB.


Optics
Disordered structures can give rise to intriguing scattering phenomena owing to the unpredictable nature of their interaction with light. Using subwavelength-scale disordered metasurfaces, Maguid et al. observed a phase transition in how the light is scattered as a function of disorder. Weak disorder induced a photonic spin Hall effect, whereas strong disorder led to spin-split modes in momentum space, a random optical-Rashba effect. Thus, designed photonic structure could offer a versatile platform to study similar phenomena in complex solid-state systems.

Science , this issue p. [1411][1]

 [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aap8640


Transition matrices that describe the probability for firms to migrate between rating classes are important inputs in many credit risk applications. In this thesis we try to find a simple way to forecast transition matrices that reflect actual future probabilities of credit migration better than unconditional transition matrices. By conditioning on the state of the economy measured in terms of GDP-growth we find that the state of the economy has an effect on transition matrices. We use this information together with macroeconomic indicators to produce transition matrices that are conditioned on the state of the economy. We find that the simple method we present produces better transition matrix estimates than the ordinary unconditional transition matrix.


Control of the production of cellular polymers has to date been considered an art, relying in many cases on experienced operators who know by feel, what adjustments to make, to maintain a uniform product. Very high scrap losses are common, and development of new sponges is a laborious trial and error process. One major reason for these difficulties is the inability to show in the lab, simultaneously, the effect of an ingredient or process change on polymer rheology and gas evolution. It was felt there was a definite requirement for


Last development in the shoe industry has historically been a craft practiced by skilled artisans. Although satisfactory fit has been established over the years for the general population, it is very difficult, if not impossible, to evaluate if the fit is "optimal" for a specific group of athletes. Two development projects, supported by case studies, are reported which demonstrate improvements in the traditional approach to last design, and the resulting fit for shoes built on the lasts.


Rabbit warrens in a semiarid environment of New South Wales were concentrated in those areas where impact penetrometer readings indicated friable soil to a depth of at least 75 cm. Isolated warrens in areas with few warrens were found in restricted patches of favourable soil. The absence of warrens from areas with shallow soil was considered to be due to high soil temperatures. The distribution of the rabbit in Australia was examined in relation to deep soil temperatures. It was suggested that the application of bituminous coating on ripped warrens may be a useful technique for the control of rabbits in the arid zone.


In 1991, a 5-year study was established in eastern Kentucky to evaluate the effect of surface grading intensity on ground cover development, erosion, and tree establishment.. The study included three grading treatments. The "moderately" graded treatment consisted of backfilling a 40% slope and back-blading with a Caterpillar D-9 bulldozer to create a smooth slope. The "intensively" graded treatment involved additional back-blading passes, followed by "tracking-in" with D-9 bulldozers. The "roughly" graded treatment was created by ripping plots with a 36-in ripping bar pulled directly downslope with a D-9 bulldozer. Each plot (150 by 150 ft) was installed on the slope, with a level area at the base of each plot. Five species of trees were planted in each plot (white pine, loblolly pine, sycamore, sweetgum, and yellow-poplar), and the entire area was hydroseeded with a "tree-compatible" ground cover. Erosion was measured monthly using erosion rods. Ground cover was measured along a transect after the first growing season. Total ground cover averaged 82% after 3 years and was not affected by grading treatment, although there was a significantly higher amount of legume cover on the roughly graded plots. Erosion was highest on intensively graded plots. Tree survival varied by species. Average survival was best for sycamore (83%) and poorest for white pine (11 % ). Growth of sycamore and loblolly pine was significantly reduced by the intensive grading treatment. Additional


The purpose of this study was to explore on the role of context in vocabulary assessment. In addition, it was intended to determine how learners from almost different proficiency groups at the Intermediate level performed on two context-dependent and context-independent tests. The result of the research serves more about the best format for vocabulary assessment. In doing so, the performance of identical items on both the matching test (context-independent test) and the C-test (context-dependent test) was compared on English L2 university students (n=40). The result showed that all students performed slightly better on the matching test than the C-test. Therefore, Context did not play a major role in their performance in the C-test. Secondly, high intermediate learners performed much better on both test than the low Intermediate level. Hence, it can be concluded that higher ability learners use more context in response to items in the text than the lower one.


As the most vigorous development area in the context of metropolitan region,peri-urbanization process has drawn great attention to academic society since 1980s.Many outstanding findings and progress have been harvested on this issue so far.However,the existing studies were mainly focused on the descriptions of peri-urbanization features and its dynamics between different countries and different regions without giving enough efforts on the studies of peri-urbanization process in a specific city.Through an on-spot intensive field investigation,this paper is trying to analyze the peri-urbanization development in Dongguan municipality,a very dynamic FDI-driven city in China.Starting with delineating the typology of peri-urban areas,the paper explores the relationship between the spatial development difference of these areas and the driving forces.It argues that the major factors for shaping the spatial pattern in Dongguan are mainly location,key transportation infrastructure and FDI attracted.Following by analyzing the characteristics of peri-urbanization process in Dongguan in terms of its spatial expansion,population movement and economic restructuring,the paper diagnoses 4 factors that will hinder the future peri-urbanization development of the city,i.e.the improper land policies with confused land tenure system and difficulty of land transaction;lack of skilled manpower induced by weak provision of social security to migrants;high drainage of migrant labors due to their low social status remained unchanged for years;and insanely competition for attracting FDI between different areas.Based on these perspectives,the paper offers some suggestions for the city:1)to improve further the construction of the communities to enhance its soft-environment;2)to explore the land shareholding reform to speed up the urbanization process of its local registered permanent residence population;3)to low down the threshold of local registered permanent residence to encourage migrants with jobs to become the local citizen;4)to bring up more skilled workers by providing more training courses.


In the markets of different products and services, the interests of both, companies and consumers collide. Companies that offer products and services expect a return on investment and higher profits. They can achieve these goals only if they have regular consumers, preferably loyal who will buy products and services more often or in larger quantities. The companies are interested in achieving long-term and sustainable relationships with the consumers and they want to minimize the churn and their switching to competitors. Consumers, on the other hand, have more sophisticated demands and expect more value for less money. They are interested not only in the quality of the product, but also in packaging, discounts, cashback, rewards, additional customer services, free shipping, maintenance, special treatments, reputation, etc. To meet these consumer expectations, companies offer many promotional activities, including loyalty programs. Loyalty programs, as part of the CRM (customer relationship management), are marketing programs that reward consumers for their repeated purchases over a longer period of time. Unlike other promotional tools, loyalty programs need to build a long-term relationship between companies and their consumers. But despite the offer of such programs, many studies show that consumers are not loyal and do not fully enjoy the benefits of the programs. Do companies give "something for nothing" and spend their money in vain? What are the reasons for the downfall of loyalty programs? This paper aims to investigate the reasons for consumer disloyalty despite the offered companies' loyalty programs. The paper will also provide guidance for companies to design loyalty programs that will attract more consumers.


analog.com Circuits from the LabTM circuits from Analog Devices have been designed and built by Analog Devices engineers. Standard engineering practices have been employed in the design and construction of each circuit, and their function and performance have been tested and verified in a lab environment at room temperature. However, you are solely responsible for testing the circuit and determining its suitability and applicability for your use and application. Accordingly, in no event shall Analog Devices be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental, consequential or punitive damages due to any cause whatsoever connected to the use of any Circuits from the Lab circuits. (Continued on last page) Rev. D | 1 of 22 Circuits from the Lab reference designs are engineered and tested for quick and easy system integration to help solve today's analog, mixed-signal, and RF design challenges. For more information and/or support, visit www.analog.com/CN0383. Devices Connected/Referenced


Abstract Asymptotically nonlocal field theories represent a sequence of higher-derivative theories whose limit point is a ghost-free, infinite-derivative theory. Here, we extend previous work on pure scalar and Abelian gauge theories to asymptotically nonlocal non-Abelian theories. In particular, we confirm that there is a limit in which the Lee-Wick spectrum can be decoupled, but where the hierarchy problem is resolved via an emergent nonlocal scale that regulates loop diagrams and that is hierarchically smaller than the lightest Lee-Wick resonance.


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves applying effective doses of epidermis growth factor receptors antagonists being active ingredient in drug for inhibiting various types of resistant human tumors. The epidermis growth factor receptor antagonists are combined with other chemotherapeutic agents like Cisplatin, Irinotecan or ionizing radiation. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment. 50 cl, 2 tbl


Arab nationalism has received the attention of a fairly large number of scholars since its inception at the turn of the 20th century. It did not receive its first full treatment, however, until 1938, when George Antonius published The Arab Awakening. This book set the tone for much that was to follow—as statements of confirmation, elaboration, or refutation.


ders if a sampling from the manuscripts of the census would more clearly tell the tale, but the criticism does not indicate a flaw in the work. The lesson social and economic historians can learn from the book is best summarized in Woeste's own words: "Historically, law and markets interact contrapuntally" (p. 235). Historians cannot predict the rhythm. The CARC wanted to change the rules of cooperation so that, in practice, cooperatives could have the advantages of corporations. The California state legislature was on the beat, giving in to these demands in the name of protecting the farmers. The CARC was less persuasive in front of judges; courts curtailed the ability of the CARC to regulate prices. The beats diverge. Courts refused requests that farmers be treated as a special class; never was the CARC allowed under the law to regulate production. The inability of the CARC to control production eventually led to its demise. At the federal level, cooperatives received mixed messages. The Clayton Act granted exemption only to cooperatives that operated on a nonstock, nonprofit basis. However, a 1913 rider to Justice Department appropriations stated that the funds may not be used to prosecute farmers or farm cooperatives for antitrust violations. Farmers were relatively free from threat of prosecution for price-fixing, but they were left with the problem of maintaining sufficient capital stock to perform the distribution function. In the first decades of this century, the USDA's preoccupation with production efficiency and market information (quantities and prices) prevented it from coming to the aid of farmers through establishing sufficient protection for capital stock cooperatives. State legislatures, however, recognized that nonstock cooperatives could not fulfill the function of cooperative marketing, and continued to allow capital stock cooperatives to form and to operate. Just as the legal form that the CARC forged became accepted by the states, and just as the Capper-Volstead Act gave the congressional stamp of approval to the capital stock cooperative form, "the Great Depression rendered it essentially irrelevant" (p. 190). Contrappunto. The New Deal market control programs were as paradoxical as the capital stock cooperative movement itself. Federal and state administrative control of agriculture aimed to establish monopoly control over prices—a deed never fully done by cooperatives. But market control programs relied on the faulty assumption that cooperatives could control the production decisions of members. This time the state used the ideal of cooperation to mask price control. Contrappunto. The book leaves the reader wondering if on the next beat the law and agricultural markets will be together.


The present cross‐sectional study was carried out among community‐dwelling Koreans to determine the validity of various muscle mass indices and to propose more clinically relevant diagnostic criteria.


We propose a new probabilistic pattern formation algorithm for oblivious mobile robots that operate in the ASYNC model. Unlike previous work, our algorithm makes no assumptions about the local coordinate systems of robots (the robots do not share a common " North " nor a common " Right "), yet it preserves the ability to form any general pattern (and not just patterns that satisfy symmetricity predicates). Our proposal also gets rid of the previous assumption (in the same model) that robots do not pause while moving (so, our robots really are fully asynchronous), and the amount of randomness is kept low – a single random bit per robot per Look-Compute-Move cycle is used. Our protocol consists in the combination of two phases, a probabilistic leader election phase, and a deterministic pattern formation one. As the deterministic phase does not use chirality, it may be of independent interest in the determin-istic context. A straightforward extension of our algorithm permits to form patterns with multiplicity points (provided robots are endowed with multiplicity detection), a new feature in the context of pattern formation that we believe is an important feature of our approach.


In the study,the distribution of Polygonatum Odoratum in the world and its requirement in the market were introduced,and the pharmacological component characteristics,Pharmacological Activities and their functional Mechanisms of Polygonatum Odoratum were reviewed.At last,the on-going status of Polygonatum Odoratum product and the exploitation were summarized,and the development direction and countermeasures on Polygonatum Odoratum industrialization were discussed.


Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objectives: We aimed to determine if elevations in serum neuron-specific enolase are associated with brain injury and outcomes in adults who require venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Two ICUs of a university hospital, Paris, France. Patients: Consecutive adult patients treated with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for refractory cardiogenic shock or in-hospital refractory cardiac arrest. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Serum sampled 1, 3, and 7 days after venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulation was stored at –80°C and neuron-specific enolase concentrations were measured in batches at the end of the study. The association between neuron-specific enolase concentrations and outcomes (28-d mortality and poor outcome, defined by a score of 4–6 on the modified Rankin scale at 90 d) were explored by multivariable logistic regression, with neuron-specific enolase concentrations dichotomized according to median values. One-hundred three patients were included, of whom 26 (25%) received preextracorporeal membrane oxygenation cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Median (interquartile range) day-1, day-3, and day-7 neuron-specific enolase serum concentrations were 37 μg/L (26–51 μg/L), 25 μg/L (19–37) μg/L, and 22 μg/L (17–31 μg/L). After adjustment for Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, preextracorporeal membrane oxygenation cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and Sepsis Organ Failure Assessment score at time of cannulation, a day-3 neuron-specific enolase greater than 25 μg/L remained independently associated with 28-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 4.98; 95% CI, 1.86–13.32) and poor outcome at 90 days (adjusted odds ratio, 4.63; 95% CI, 1.81–11.84). A day-3 neuron-specific enolase threshold greater than 80 μg/L had a 100% specificity for prediction of both mortality (95% CI, 92–100%) and poor functional outcome (95% CI, 89–100%). In a subset of patients who underwent brain CT, neuron-specific enolase concentrations were significantly higher in patients diagnosed with stroke, as compared with those without stroke. Conclusions: In adult patients under venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, day-3 serum neuron-specific enolase concentrations are independently associated with short-term mortality and poor functional outcomes. These findings deserve validation in a multicenter setting.


A discontinuous reception (DRX) operation is included in the Long Term Evolution (LTE) system to achieve power saving and prolonged battery life of the user equipment. An improvement in DRX power saving usually leads to a potential increase in the packet delay. An optimum DRX configuration depends on the current traffic, which is not easy to estimate accurately, particularly for non‐real‐time applications. In this paper, we propose a novel way to vary the DRX cycle length, avoiding a continuous estimation of the data traffic when only non‐real‐time applications are running with no active real‐time applications. Because a small delay in non‐real‐time traffic does not essentially impact the user's experience adversely, we deliberately allow a limited amount of delay in our proposal to attain a significant improvement in power saving. Our proposal also improves the delay in service resumption after a long period of inactivity. We use a stochastic analysis assuming an M/G/1 queue to validate this improvement.


Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly complicated disease characterized by comorbid cirrhosis and disease heterogeneity. Given multiple failures in the past, we need to learn from previous experiences and generate novel ideas to increase the chance of success. More effort and patience should be exercised in the selection of a homogeneous patient population and identification of predictive markers during drug development for HCC.


New PCB (printed circuit board) technology flat fluxgate sensor with integrated coils and amorphous alloy core was developed and its excitation parameters were optimized for low-power consumption. The power consumption achieved with 10 kHz, 300 mA p-p pulse excitation with duty cycle 12.5% was only 3.9 mW, which is 3-times lower than that for sinewave flux density excitation. The sensor sensitivity reached 94 V/T. The required bridge supply voltage was only 0.47 V. The low-cost, low-power sensor has a temperature offset stability of 120 nT in the -20...+70 degC temperature range and 0.17%/degC open-loop sensitivity tempco due to the use of new core embedding technique. The perming error due to 10 mT field shock was suppressed below 1.2 muT


Considerable attention has been given to pyrite porphyroblastic domains formed in certain ores. These domains are never more than a few centiinetres m diameter, and consist of several hundred sinall pyrite grains shQwing strongly developed preferred orientation, It is concluded that the coordinating relationships observed among the grains of one domain are produced as a result oT recrystallization and replacement of ores under hydrothermal metasomatic conditions. The following three types of preferred orientation have been observed: (l) parallel orientation of cube faces of grains, (2) parallel orientatioR of pyritohedral faces of grains, and (3) parallel orientation of the ct}be face of one grain and the pyritohedral face of another. Approximately 9e% of all examined pairs show one of these types of parallel orientation. This very marked orientation of pyrite grains in a domain can hardly be interpreted as the result of coalescence of numerous grains which were crystallizing under conditions of stress. It is suggest that "fittness of lattice structure", a control mechanism proposed by }Iunahashi and H[oe (1973), might have been a major factor at the embryonic stage of grain-growth under static field conditions and operated irrespective of whether or not the unclei were in direct contact.


Chronic pain is a common problem that affects older populations. It is a common condition that does not completely respond to medical treatment. Consequently, in recent years many alternative treatments have been suggested. Among them, mindfulness meditation is receiving growing attention. The purpose of this paper is to review studies that has determined whether mindfulness mediation can relieve chronic pain in older adults. The PRISMA model guided a systematic literature search method. A literature search was undertaken using MEDLINE, CINAHL, Ovid, and ProQuest. The search terms were "mindfulness meditation," "mindfulness-based intervention," "meditation," "chronic pain," "arthritis," "older," and "aged or elderly." The search included articles written in English published during the period of 2003 thru 2018. This systematic literature review search yielded 35 articles through an electronic database search effort. Nineteen articles were evaluated for relevancy after removing duplicates. Three studies were then selected for the present review. Two articles were randomized control trials, and only one article was a pretest-posttest experimental study. All reviewed studies showed that mindfulness meditation interventions led to improvement in pain acceptance, physical functioning, quality of life and well-being in patients with chronic pain. There is not yet sufficient evidence to show that mindfulness meditation techniques are more effective than other non-specific interventions. More research is needed to investigate mindfulness meditation interventions in longer follow ups.


The invention provides a technical scheme including a method for reconstructing the three-dimensional distribution of a radioactive substance through shooting two-dimensional images by a gamma camera; according to the scheme, the three-dimensional distribution image of the radioactive substance is reconstructed after multiple two-dimensional images of the radioactive substance are recovered. The scheme widens the function of the gamma camera, builds a technical method for reconstructing the three-dimensional distribution of the radioactive substance based on the two-dimensional images shot by the gamma camera, and achieves the target of surveying the spatial distribution of the radioactive substance by using the gamma camera.


Introduction: Due to the painful and long-term treatments of cancer, children with cancer may suffer from severe psychological problems such as anxiety and decreased level of pain tolerance. Accordingly, psychological treatments such as play therapy can be helpful in this regard. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral play therapy on pain tolerance and trait-state anxiety in children with cancer in Isfahan. Method: The statistical population of this study was all children aged 9 to 12 years old who were referred to specialized cancer clinic of Isfahan in 2016. 30 of them were selected through purposeful sampling and randomly assigned into two groups of experimental and control. The results were analyzed using covariance analysis. Results: The results of data analysis indicated that cognitive-behavioral therapy games resulted in increased pain tolerance and decreased trait anxiety in children with cancer (p <0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, cognitive-behavioral play therapy can be used as a complementary therapy to relieve anxiety and increase pain tolerance in these children. Declaration of Interest: None.


Background Shoulder pain limits range of motion (ROM) and reduces performing activities of daily living (ADL). Objective assessment of shoulder function could be of interest for diagnosing shoulder pathology or functional assessment of the shoulder after therapy. The feasibility of 2 wearable inertial sensors for functional assessment to differentiate between healthy subjects and patients with unilateral shoulder pathology is investigated using parameters as asymmetry. Methods 75 subjects were recruited into this study and were measured for at least 8 h a day with the human activity monitor (HAM) sensor. In addition, patients completed the Disability of the Arm, Should and Hand (DASH) score and the Simple Shoulder Test (SST) score. From 39 patients with a variety of shoulder pathologies 24 (Age: 53.3 ± 10.5;% male: 62.5%) complete datasets were successfully collected. From the 36 age-matched healthy controls 28 (Age: 54.9 ± 5.8;% male = 57.1%) full datasets could be retrieved. Activity parameters were obt...


A compact, polarization insensitive, wide stop band frequency selective surface is presented. The unit cell is designed by modifying the basic square loop FSS.  The simulated value of bandwidth for transmission < ‒ 20 dB for TE incident wave is 7.7 GHz from 4.71 GHz to 12.41 GHz which corresponds to 89.95%. It has an excellent band stop response for C and X band. The periodicity of the unit cell is the order of 0.33I» 0 at the center frequency of 8.56 GHz. The total thickness of the proposed structure is 1.6mm (0.045I» 0 ). Standard design formulas are used to evaluate the resonance frequencies and calculated values are found to be very close to the simulated ones. The proposed design is polarization insensitive and has good angular stability. An array of the proposed design is fabricated on either side of dielectric substrate FR4. The measured and simulated transmission responses are in good agreement. Proposed design can be used for many potential applications such as electromagnetic shielding, spatial filtering, sub - reflector in antennas and RCS reduction etc.Â


One of the most important aspects in building an XML data warehouse is data cleaning and integration process. This paper presents a detailed methodology for cleaning data and integrating, especially useful for general situations when different-source documents are involved. Both situations whereby the XML documents have an associated XML Schema or they are just independent XML documents are considered in this paper. We will also present systematic steps to follow and clear examples for each one of them.


This study examines the teaching and learning of writing for secondary school students as it occurs in the interactive context of teacher-student writing conferences - that is, private teacher-student conversations about the students' writing or writing process. Following ethnographic procedures, the study examines naturally occurring con- ferences in a ninth-grade English class for six case study students. Covering an observation period of six weeks, collected data include audio and video tapes of conference talk, audio and video tapes of all other class activities, observational field notes, interviews with teacher and focal students, and all drafts of focal student writing. A descrip- tive quantitative discourse analysis of conference talk across students and descriptive qualitative case study analyses within students show the writing conference to occasion a kind of teacher-student collabora- tion in which the teacher assumes a special leadership role; collabora- tion is seen as a shifting process shaped not only by conference partici- pants but by the rhetorical circumstances of their talk; and collaboration is described along a continuum, varying both across stu- dents and within students at different times.


Objective To establish a digital histology library of the main organ of the C57BL/6J mice.Methods Twenty C57BL/6J mice(male 10,female 10) were anesthetized deeply,totally 45 organs and tissues were taken and fixed by 10% formalin,including heart,liver,spleen,kidney,stomach,etc.embedded by paraffin and sectioned,stained with haematoxylin and eosin,and observation under microscope.Then the images were marked in computer.The histology library was established by SQLWEVER2000 database management system,C# programming language and Browser/Server.Results The main organs and tissues were dissected,1 589 pieces of sections were got,13 578 images were observed,and 1 563 pictures were marked.A large histology library(7.85 G) of C57BL/6J mice was established.Conclusion The histology library of C57BL/6J mice is benefit for researching disease model mice.


Pharmacy Department, Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK; British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC), Birmingham, UK; Pharmacy Department and OPAT Service, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK; R&D, Biopharma Stability Testing Laboratory Ltd, Nottingham, UK; Department of Pharmacy/Infection, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Department of Infectious Diseases, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK; Torbay & South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK


Three teaching cases of the chapter about operating system function in college computer foundation are presented. In the process management teaching,the ideas are borrowed from the examples of doctors treating patients to illustrate why process is introduced,what process concept is,and how process is scheduled. In file system management,some easy confused concepts are clarified,some concepts such as partition,partition format,file system and cluster are expounded,and setting the cluster size is explained. Finally,the concept of virtual memory and the solution to virtual memory too low problem are elaborated.


Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the interactions between commonly used drug eluting stents (DES) and prescribed medications in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients those underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Study Design: Retro-prospective, Multicenter, Cross-sectional, Observational study. Methodology: A total of 127 CAD patients those successfully underwent PCI with different DES were enrolled in this study. The study population were divided into 3 groups; i) Patients stented with Sirolimus DES (n=52), ii) Everolimus DES (n=46) and iii) Zotarolimus DES (n=29) respectively, the patients case report and drug chart were reviewed periodically up to one-year regular follow-up Original Research Article Veeramani; JPRI, 25(1): 1-10, 2018; Article no.JPRI.46632 2 period and retro-prospectively analysed. Results were statistically analysed using Graph Pad Prism software version 7.01 to determine the statistical difference between each study group. P<0.05 was considered as significant. Baseline clinical characteristics, angiographic and procedural characteristics, commonly prescribed medications and the new medical terminology Drug-Drug Eluting Stent Interaction abbreviated as DDESI were compared. Results: Out of 127 total populations, patients stented with Sirolimus DES reported less (0.85%) DDESI compared to Everolimus DES (2.54%) and Zotarolimus DES (1.69%) DDESI. Drugs such as aspirin, atorvastatin and clopidogrel were found to be three most commonly prescribed drugs to maximize benefits and minimize the complications in CAD patients those underwent PCI with different DES. Conclusion: According to the available patients data and results obtained it is concluded that Sirolimus DES was found to be more suitable and safe when compared to Everolimus DES and Zotarolimus DES after the one year regular follow-up period in CAD patients post PCI.


Purpose

This paper aims to summarize the latest developments both in terms of theoretical understanding and experimental techniques related to inkjet fluids. The purpose is to provide practitioners a self-contained review of how the performance of inkjet and inkjet-based three-dimensional (3D) printing is fundamentally influenced by the properties of inkjet fluids.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is written for practitioners who may not be familiar with the underlying physics of inkjet printing. The paper thus begins with a brief review of basic concepts in inkjet fluid characterization and the relevant dimensionless groups. Then, how drop impact and contact angle affect the footprint and resolution of inkjet printing is reviewed, especially onto powder and fabrics that are relevant to 3D printing and flexible electronics applications. A future outlook is given at the end of this review paper.

Findings

The jettability of Newtonian fluids is well-studied and has been generalized using a dimensionless Ohnesorge number. However, the inclusion of various functional materials may modify the ink fluid properties, leading to non-Newtonian behavior, such as shear thinning and elasticity. This paper discusses the current understanding of common inkjet fluids, such as particle suspensions, shear-thinning fluids and viscoelastic fluids.

Originality/value

A number of excellent review papers on the applications of inkjet and inkjet-based 3D printing already exist. This paper focuses on highlighting the current scientific understanding and possible future directions.


This paper gives a brief introduction to the optical-fiber current transformer's application in the area of relay protection,discusses its working principle and the system constitution.Also the paper deduces the relationship of current vs.light intensity of the system,thus paves certain theoretical basement for its practical implementation.


Objective To investigate the nursing of secondary hyperparathyroidism in maintaining hemodialysis patients.Methods The efficacy of medicine therapy and nursing were observed in all 46 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism.Results All patients improved.Conclusion Nursing combined with medicine therapy could relieve their clinical symptoms,improve their hemodialysis quality,life quality and survival rate.


The responsibility of  air transporter for the safety of the passengers, most of air law subjects that provoke legal Problems in jurisprudence and the judiciary, And the importance of this subject engaged legislators to regulate international air transporter liability, including the identification of this responsibility in their domestic laws, but that the importance placed on the international community to resort to organize this responsibility and identified at the international level since the beginning of air transport emergence, through the conclusion and Warsaw Convention in 1929, which identified the responsibility of the international air transporter in the face of those affected certain maximum limits both in the transport of passengers or objects. And ,We show through our study of the existence of a legislative vacuum in Iraq defines clearly the responsibility of an air transporter, scope and dimensions .The responsibility of an air transporter advance in accordance with Article 17 of the Warsaw Convention since the traveler to enter the plane and even before he sat on a seat and sits in it, that the plane be parked in the airport or on alert for takeoff or while in the air or on landing , as well as the responsibility is determined during any passenger suffered damage during the process of coming off or boarding a plane and the Iraqi legislature supports in the third paragraph of Article 10 of the Iraqi transport Act these commitments .And that the responsibility of air transporter  to be realized even in the event of a terrorist incident in the plane, because he did not take the necessary security precautions to prevent an incident of terrorism inside the plane, which should air transporter  maximum take degrees to be damage and prevent the attack, which is located prints air transporter  diligence process, and is the


Lilis Puji Hastuti. 2017. Student's Learning Strategies in Composing Recount Text Writing
on the Eight Year Student's of MTs Negeri Karanganyar in the Academic Year of
2016/2017. Thesis. English Letters Study Program, Islamic Education and Teacher
Training Faculty.
Advisor : Novianni Anggraini S.Pd M.Pd
Key Words : Student's Strategies, Composing, Recount Text Writing
There are some problems that the researcher found. First the difficulties in composing
recount text faced by the student's of Eight Year Student's of MTs Negeri Karanganyar in
the Academic Year of 2016/2017. Second, Learning Strategies in Composing Recount Text
Writing Used by the Eight Year Students of MTs Negeri Karanganyar in the Academic
Year of 2016/2017.
The research design of this studys Descriptive Qualitative, the purpose of this research
is to help student's learning and understanding the recount text easily. By using Qualitative
method the researcher identifies and describes the difficulties faced by student's and
strategies used to compose recount text writing by eight year student's of MTs Negeri
Karanganyar. Strategies of writing have the correlation or matching toward Brown's theory
about some aspect of meta-cognitive strategies, cognitive strategies, cognitive strategies
and socio-affective strategies.
Result findings of this study concluded that (1) There are some difficulties faced by the
student's in composing recount text. They student's have insufficient background
knowledge that makes them become passive participant who only recieve the information
from the teacher. (2) There are some technique used by students of eight year of MTs
Negeri Karanganyar. First is brainstroming. Second is free writing. Third is W-H Question.
Fourth is clustering and fifth is planning


After reviewing the fertilizer development domestic and abroad, this paper discussed the development strategies, especially quality-oriented instead of quantity-oriented strategy, of fertilizer in China in the coming 30 years. It suggested that China should develop newly emerging fertilizers such as slow/controlled release fertilizer, bio-fertilizer, organic fertilizer, and multi-functional fertilizer and which should be the important directions leading our research in this field.


In this study, we developed a stacked core–shell nanorod array electrocatalyst design to improve oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics and catalyst stability for polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEMFC) applications. For this purpose, we fabricated two-layer stacked nanorod arrays with each layer consisting of a tungsten carbide (WC) core and a platinum–nickel (Pt–Ni) alloy shell. WC nanorods were grown by a glancing angle deposition (GLAD) method. Then, WC nanorods were coated with a Pt–Ni shell conformally by a high-pressure sputtering (HIPS) method. This process was repeated twice to form the second layer of the stack. We investigated three different Pt:Ni ratios including 3:7, 1:1, and 3:1. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and rotating disk electrode (RDE) methods were used for electrochemical characterization of the Pt:Ni/WC electrodes in a 0.1 M HClO4 electrolyte solution. Morphological and crystallographic analyses were performed using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ra...


This article is an attempt to develop a measure of ethical sensitivity to racial and gender intolerance that occurs in schools. Acts of intolerance that indicate ethically insensitive behaviors in American schools were identified and tied to existing professional ethical codes developed by school-based professional organizations. The Racial Ethical Sensitivity Test (REST) consists of 5 scenarios that portray acts of racial intolerance and ethical insensitivity. Participants viewed 2 videotaped scenarios and then responded to a semistructured interview protocol adapted from Bebeau and Rest (1982). After a 2-week interval, this procedure was repeated. Stability of the REST across time was determined by using the overall test-retest coefficient. Internal as well as interrater consistency was also calculated for each scenario. Overall findings indicate promise for the REST as a reliable measure to assess racial and ethnic sensitivity.


This research aimed to obtain basic data for elementary school students to form proper concepts by comparing the science gifted students and the ordinary students of elementary school with regard to the groundwater concept, formation process, existence forms, and movement. The research subjects were 65 fifth and sixth graders of the elementary school students and the spatial ability test was conducted on the subjects, and 4 science gifted students and 8 ordinary students chosen from the subjects were analyzed using half-structured interview data and ground water drawing drawn by the students. The conclusion derived in accordance with the research purpose is summarized as follows. It was found that there were no great differences in the answers to the question asking what groundwater is between the science gifted elementary school students with high spatial ability and the ordinary elementary school students with moderate spatial ability. The ordinary students with low spatial ability tended to regard groundwater as the concept of water and sewage. In the concept of the formation process of groundwater, the science gifted elementary school students with high spatial ability explained it by citing diverse surface water such as rainfall, river water, lake, and waterfall, and the ordinary elementary school students with moderate spatial ability all mentioned only rainfall and river water and could not explain diverse spatial factors. The ordinary elementary school students with low spatial ability mentioned rainfall and river water and perceived that groundwater was formed artificially. In the concept regarding the existence form of groundwater, the ordinary elementary school students with low spatial ability could not think of space perception that small pore space exists in earth or soil in the ground. The science gifted elementary school students with high spatial ability knew that groundwater exists in pore space with regarding groundwater movement, the ordinary elementary school students with low spatial ability thought that there was no groundwater movement and that it could be moved only by artificial facilities. There were differences in the perception of pore space and in the perception of existence and non-existence of groundwater movement accordingly, but for most of the elementary school students, the concept of groundwater was formed differently from the scientific concept. It is considered that most of the elementary school students formed erroneous concept about groundwater and could not connect ground water under the surface of the earth with the substances forming its surroundings with regard to the concept of groundwater.


Through analyzing the dangerous of environmental pollution,the paper brings forward the necessity of setting up an emergency preparedness and response system of urban pollution source based on Web GIS.After introducing the design destinations,this paper presents the model of the structure and the organization of data and the function of this system.


Exercise has been previously proposed as an adjuvant for traditional vaccines through mechanisms of lymph movement and skeletal muscle damage. However, the novel mRNA technology being used in COVID‐19 and other novel vaccines fundamentally changes how we should consider muscle's active role in protein production and subsequent protective immunity. Following exercise, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation drives total protein translation increases in skeletal muscle. We hypothesize that this 4‐24 hour window of opportunity can be exploited to augment exogenous mRNA translation. To evaluate the feasibility of this approach, we first interrogated mTOR using fully differentiated C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle myotubes that were transfected with mRNA encoding for enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) or FLAG‐tagged Comirnaty SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike sequence in mTOR modulating conditions. Myotube transfection in the presence of rapamycin (Figure 1A) and resveratrol (Figure 1B) showed significant decreases in protein translation as measured by eGFP fluorescence, indicating that exogenous mRNA translation can be decreased pharmacologically by inhibiting the mTOR pathway. To simulate exercise enhanced protein synthesis, we treated myotubes with insulin‐like growth‐factor 1 (IGF‐1), as this protein is not only upregulated following exercise but also signals through an overlapping pathway with mechanoreceptors. Transfections with mRNA encoding for either eGFP or Comirnaty‐FLAG during IGF‐1 treatment showed a dose dependent increase in eGFP fluorescence (Figure 1C) and a significant increase in Comirnaty‐FLAG translation as measured by ELISA (Figure 1D). Current studies are investigating the use of electrical stimulation induced contraction on C2C12 myotubes prior to transfection as well as in vivo models of exercise and intramuscular mRNA injections. The implications of these results may impact future mRNA therapies to utilize exercise, or modulation of intracellular signaling pathways affected by exercise, as a method to improve vaccine‐induced exogenous protein production.


Aiming at the characteristics of Digital Signal Processing course,we have brought heuristic teaching and reciprocal teaching in class with Matlab due to strong function and visualization,it will help students to understand and grasp the content,improve students′ comprehensive ability to use knowledge.We have created Blackboard learning platform of DSP due to online function,it will enrich the course content,build a platform for interaction between teachers and students,and improve students′ initiative and participation.


Title: A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding prevention of oral cancer among tobacco users in selected area, Bangalore. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding prevention of oral cancer among tobacco users. Materials and Methods: An evaluative one group pre-test and post-test pre-experimental design was used. With the purposive sampling 60 study participants were selected. Tool used in this study included three sections, Section-I including demographic Performa of tobacco users such as age, education, occupation, previous knowledge regarding oral cancer, years of smoking/tobacco use and personal habit of using tobacco, Section-II Including close ended structured knowledge questionnaire with 30 items regarding knowledge and management of oral cancer, while Section-III used attitude rating scale with 15 items. STP was administered after conducting pre-test and post-test was conducted after 7 days. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistical technique. Result: The data analysis revealed that the post-test knowledge score 69.44% was higher than that of pre-test knowledge score 40.78%.Conclusion: The study concluded that the structured teaching programme (STP) on prevention of oral cancer was an effective method of enhancing the knowledge and changing the attitude of tobacco users regarding prevention of oral cancer.


Abstract Utilizing Victor Frankl's Logotherapy, a multidimensional diagnostic model integrating biological, psychological, and spiritual factors is presented for use by pastoral and secular counselors. A case study involving unemployment is used to illustrate the application of the model in clinical practice. A complete Logodiagnostic profile is generated with recommendations for treatment.


This paper analyses the non-idealities of a second generation current conveyor (CCII) in advanced CMOS technologies. Primary sources of errors in the CCII are identified and their effects are analyzed with respect to its application as an integrator for delta sigma modulators. An improved CCII integrator architecture and a robust calibration algorithm are proposed to negate the CCII errors. The proposed integrator is used in the design of a 4th order CCII based delta sigma modulator, simulation results of which reveal the advantages of proposed solution. The modulator designed in a 1V/90nm technology has a 78/70/46 dB DR and 77/69/45 dB SNDR for bandwidths of 2/4/10 MHz and clock frequency of 160 MHz respectively.


IN the past twenty years or so the practice has become established of using weight at a given age or at a given height as indices of the state of nutrition and health. This usually involves the use of standards or percentile grids for weight or height at given age, such as the Boston standards (Nelson, 1964) or the British standards (Tanner and Whitehouse, 1959). Occasionally standards combining weight, height and age, auxograms, are used (Correnti, 1962). With the growing interest in the relationship of growth, nutrition and health, particularly in " developing " countries, the number of reports and international comparisons multiplies. The object of this note is to draw attention to a source of weight variation which has frequently been overlooked, namely, seasonal variation. This may be of such magnitude that its neglect may well obscure the questions we are trying to answer.


Choosing an excellent method to compare the aim characteristics of a large number of cultivars simultaneously in a sufficiently comprehensive way is often an essential challenge for breeders. This article presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of the Estonian conditions of 58 strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) cultivars of various geographical origins according to the main economically useful markers. Based on two years of data, cultivars were clustered separately for each marker using the K-means clustering method. Considering the data on the aim characteristics, including high yield, high fruit weight, high total soluble solids TSS (°Brix) content, optimal titratable acidity TA (%) content, and a high °Brix/acidity ratio, the groups of similar cultivars formed clearly. The validation of cultivars into similar groups is important for further breeding decisions. A K-means clustering method is ideal for clustering strawberry cultivars according to their characteristics.


To observe osteocalcin(OC), bone alkaline phosphatase(BALP), and procollagen type I carboxyterminal propeptide(PCPI) the status the phenotypic markers of osteoblasts tor vitamin D deficiency rickets(VDDR) in infancy. These indexes of OC AALP and PCPL were determined by using ELISA and RIA in 17 cases of VDDR and 20 cases of paired controls. 25 hydroxy vitamin D 3 was assayed, too. PCPI level was higher in VDDR [(752.67±322.7)μg/L] than control group[(526.5±250.6)μg/L, P 0.05]. BALP level was higher in VDDR [(121.3±23.7)U/L] than control group [(52.9±23.7)U/L, P 0.001]. OC level was lower in VDDR [(11.4±10.2)ug/L] than control group [(25.6±18.0)ug/L, P 0.01]. There were Positive correlation between BALP and PCPI in two groups ( r=0.484 P 0.01). There were negative correlation between BALP and OC in two groups ( r=-0.435, P 0.01). There were negative correlation between OC and PCPI in two groups ( r=-0.409, P 0.01). [Conclusions] In VDDR in infancy, phenotypic markers of osteoblasts presented different status. The production of BALP and PCPI were increased, however, the production of OC was suppressed.


This paper deals with the problem of leaderless consensus control for a class of non-introspective linear multi-agent systems (MASs) subject to input saturation and external disturbances. A novel dynamic relative output-feedback saturated consensus control protocol is proposed, which utilizes not only relative system outputs but also relative controller states from neighboring agents for distributed feedback control. With this new controller structure, the associated control synthesis conditions that guarantee optimal disturbance attenuation performance are fully characterized as linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) using a complete form of Lyapunov function matrix, which can be solved efficiently via convex optimization. The proposed approach unifies the designs for both continuous-time and discrete-time MASs. Two application examples are used to demonstrate effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed results.


ABSTRACT: Because Canine circovirus (CanineCV) is a new species of the genus Circovirus, several issues related to its epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical disease remain unknown. Thus, this study aimed to perform the characterization of the first complete genome sequence of CanineCV detected in a dog with diarrhea in Brazil. A stool sample was collected of a ten-month-old female German Shepherd dog which had signs of intermittent hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, vomiting, and a history of eating raw pork. The complete CanineCV genome was sequenced by Next-Generation Sequencing. The sequence had 2,063 nucleotides, showed a typical genomic organization for circovirus, and was grouped with strain 214 described in the United States by phylogenetic analysis. One amino acid change was found in the replicase protein, and because of that it was considered unique to CanineCV. Therefore, the characterization of the complete genome of Brazilian CanineCV can be used in future studies of molecular epidemiology, pathogenesis and development of diagnostic tools for the prevention and control of this disease.