This paper presents semi-empirical heat transfer and pressure-drop models of two large-scale Printed Circuit Heat Exchangers that were tested extensively on a 7.3MWe-scale sCO2 power cycle. The models are discretized representations of the heat exchangers, which permit accommodation of the rapidlyvarying thermodynamic and property variation of CO2 over the pressure and temperature ranges encountered through the heat exchanger passages. Transient modeling of the heat exchangers also uses a discretized approach, including a discretized thermal mass model to predict the fluid outlet temperature evolution with time after rapid changes in inlet temperature, pressure and flow rate. For these cases, the inlet temperatures, pressures and flows are imposed based on measured values, and the outlet temperatures and pressures are modeled and compared to measurements. This paper also presents semi-empirical heat transfer models of two finned-tube heat exchangers that can be used as primary heat exchangers (e.g., gas turbine exhaust heat recovery, and air-cooled coolers for heat rejection in sCO2 applications). As no test data was available from testing of these heat exchangers in sCO2 applications, they were modeled based on manufacturer-supplied design point data. Based on system transient modeling results, the characteristic response time of the finned-tube heat exchangers is more than an order of magnitude larger than that for PCHEs, thus limiting the overall system response rate. INTRODUCTION Supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) power cycles are characterized by a high degree of recuperation, with the internally-recirculated heat frequently exceeding the rate of heat addition by a factor of three or more. The high conductance (UA) required for this large recuperation duty, accompanied by the high operating pressure of sCO2 cycles requires the use of advanced, compact heat exchanger technology. The primary design used to date is the so-called "Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger" (PCHE), which consists of layers of chemically etched metal plates in a diffusion-bonded assembly [1]. These heat exchangers have proven to be robust in gas cooling service, with many years of successful field experience. While PCHEs have been proposed as the heat exchanger technology of choice for commercial-scale sCO2 power cycles [2,3], practical experience for power-cycle applications has been limited to laboratory-scale systems [4– 6] until recently, when a commercial-scale (7.3MWe) sCO2 system, termed the EPS100, underwent an extensive factory test campaign [7]. Heat exchanger performance can be quantified in numerous ways. Heat transfer performance can be evaluated by conductance (UA=Q/ΔTm, where Q is the total transferred heat, and ΔTm is an appropriatelydefined mean temperature difference between the two fluid streams). The pressure drop across each side of the heat exchanger has an influence on both the heat transfer performance and overall cycle performance. Finally, heat exchanger life is critical to the successful deployment of sCO2 power cycles. Heat exchanger life can be divided into performance degradation (e.g. fouling) and thermo-mechanical factors. Given that PCHEs are designed to ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel code requirements, steadystate hydraulic and thermal stress are unlikely to be life-limiting. Thermomechanical life is more likely to be limited by severe thermal transients that could be generated during extreme incidents [8,9], such as emergency stops or turbine trips. To properly evaluate the transient thermal stresses that PCHEs will be expected to withstand, it is first necessary to establish realistic transient boundary conditions that will be encountered in service. The present paper represents part of a larger study to define and validate a large-scale transient model of the EPS100 [10]. The full system model is still under development, and is not yet capable of simulating the entire operational envelope. Thus, for the present work, the sub-system model of the heat exchangers is used with imposed boundary conditions (inlet flows, temperatures and pressures) from the measured test data. This data set covers a broad range of operating conditions, which encompass system initial start, turbocompressor "bootstrapping," power turbine start, quasi-steady-state operation, and system trips. The transient performance of the heat exchanger model is compared to the measured responses of the two PCHEs in the EPS100 for model validation purposes. It is the intent of this study to establish the framework for full system simulations of both normal and extreme upset transient conditions, which can then be used to determine the expected cyclic life of the PCHEs. In certain sCO2 power cycle applications, finned-tube heat exchangers are used for exhaust gas-to-CO2 (heat source) and CO2-to-air (heat sink) heat transfer. The thermal mass (physical mass multiplied by heat capacity) of finned-tube heat exchangers is an order of magnitude larger than PCHE thermal mass for the same conductance (UA) due to the low heat transfer coefficient on the exhaust / air side of the heat exchanger. The ratio of thermal mass to conductance approximately defines the characteristic response time of a heat exchanger by writing a simplistic first order equation for the rate of change of bulk heat exchanger temperature


Gijs Vermeer, long-time authority on the theory of seismic
acquisition techniques originally with Shell (1967-97) and
now with his own consulting company 3DSymSam, provides
a summary of his recent research work extracted from his
newly completed PhD thesis which he publicly 'defended' last
month at TU Delft, The Netherlands.


Some aerospace equipment use the mount tray for convenience of installation or uninstallation to the aerospace vehicle. In the aerospace vehicle, the weight is the most important factor to design the vehicle. Because, it has an influence on fuel, and that go into effect at cost. So, the mount tray is required to have not only strength, stiffness but also light weight. In this study, an analysis method of mount tray using finite element model(FEM) has been presented. Using this FEM, Vibration analysis and Acceleration analysis are conducted to confirm the structural safety. Structural analysis and material study were performed on mount tray. The finite element analysis(FEA) were performed with NASTRAN and the solid models were generated with IDEAS.


To the Editor: Primitivemyxoidmesenchymal tumour of infancy (PMMTI) is an exceptionally rare myofibroblastic tumour predominantly affecting infants.1 Its association with internal tandem duplication (ITD) in the B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6 (BCL6)-interacting co-repressor (BCOR) gene led to its recognition as part of a distinct nosological entity 'Sarcoma with BCOR Genetic Alterations' in the 2020 WHO Classification of Soft Tissue tumours.2–4 Owing to its rarity, diagnosis is challenging with uncertain optimal management. Previous reports highlighted its relative chemoresistance and described local recurrence as the main pattern of failure.5 We report a case of metastatic PMMTI where remission was sustained with a combination of apatinib and chemotherapy. A term female presented with a left dorsal foot swelling at birth, solitary,with irregular border anddilated veins onoverlying skin.Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a cystic mass encasing the metatarsal bones (Figure 1A,E–H). Debulking and biopsy at 3 months revealed possible infantile fibrosarcoma, although neutrophic receptor tyrosine kinase-type 3 (NTRK3) rearrangement was absent. The mass regrew rapidly with ulceration, and a left scapular mass appeared. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) showedmassivemetastasis in the lungs, cervical and inguinal lymph nodes, right gluteus, left paraspinal region and subcutaneous nodules. Upon referral to our unit at 6 months of age, review of pathology showed cellular lesion comprised of sheets of spindle cells with irregular nuclei, finely granular chromatin, occasional small nucleoli and small amount of clear or eosinophilic cytoplasm in a background capillary network, with readily seen mitosis. By immunohistochemistry (IHC), the tumour cells were positive for BCOR, special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2), friend leukaemia integration 1 transcription factor (FL1), transducin-like enhancer protein 1 (TLE1), B-cell lymphoma 2 protein (BCL2), B-cell lymphoma 6 protein (BCL6) and cyclinD1, with CD99 staining displaying mainly cytoplasmic pattern (Figure 2A). RNA sequencing confirmed BCOR-ITD presence (Figure 2B). All these were compatible with PMMTI. Systemic therapy was started. We adopted a combination of apatinib, an oral multikinase inhibitor (15 mg/kg/day), temozolomide (5 mg/kg on day 1, and 2.5 mg/kg on days 2–5) and irinotecan (1.75 mg/kg daily on days 1–5) (AIT regimen), every 3 weeks. PETCT after four cycles indicated definite enlargement of primary lesion and new metastases. A trial course of vincristine, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (VDC) was given, but complicated by significant cytopenia and septic shock. Hence, VDC was withheld and AIT resumed. Continuation of AIT regimen led to clinical and radiographic regression of the primary and metastatic lesions (Figure 1B–D,I,J). The lesion shrank and skin ulcerations resolved. Chemotherapy was gradually spaced out to 5-weekly intervals. PET-CT 16 months after AIT resumption (22 cycles given) indicated sustained partial response. The treatment regimenwas largely well tolerated. At 24months of age, the patient enjoyed normal motor development and good quality of life. Since the first description of PMMTI in 2006, only 31 cases have been reported (Table S1). Both sexes were equally affected, with mean age of onset 6.6 months. Patients often presented with enlarging mass lesions, sometimes painful, involving the trunk. PMMTIwas often locally aggressive with infrequent reports of metastasis. Based on the clinical and histologic overlap between PMMTIs and undifferentiated round cell sarcoma (URCS), BCOR-ITD was identified as the driver underlying most PMMTIs and half of URCSs.3 A major differential diagnosis, infantile fibrosarcoma, is deemed unlikely with absence of ETS variant transcription factor 6 (ETV6)–NTRK3 fusion.4 BCOR is part of the non-canonical polycomb repressive complex 1.1. It is postulated BCOR-ITD disrupted the complex causing target promotors depression and consequent oncogenesis.6 BCOR-ITD now encompasses various histopathologic entities, including clear cell sarcoma of kidney and a subset of high-grade neuroepithelial tumours.6,7 Thus, integrated histologic andmolecular workupmatter in diagnosing infantile soft-tissue tumours. Currently, definitive PMMTI management is usually surgical excision, especially for localised cases,5,8 without a consensus for treatment of unresectable and/or metastatic disease. Memmot and colleagues reported an infiltrative tumour progressing on neoadjuvant therapy with vincristine, actinomycin and cyclophosphamide (VAC), but subsequently responding to ifosfamide and doxorubicin (ID), enabling complete resection.8 Among PMMTI cases receiving systemic therapy with a report on outcome (n = 7), anthracyclinecontaining regimen (ID or VDC) appeared to be active, whereas VA/VAC did not. Nonetheless, acute and chronic toxicities from such regimen are worrisome, as in our case where life-threatening sepsis developed. Combination of irinotecan and temozolomide is a well-tolerated regimen for relapsed/refractory solid tumour,


Purpose: This research examined whether the removal of certification and other requirements led to larger or more diverse applicant pools for superintendent positions in Michigan. Michigan has not had any degree or certification requirements for educational administrators for many years and provided an empirical test of whether deregulation draws new talent into the field. Research Design, Methods: The research was designed as a state-level case study employing quantitative and qualitative methods to develop descriptive findings and analytic interpretations. Data Collection and Analysis: Data on superintendent search processes and applicant pools between 1996 and 2005 were collected. Sources of data included superintendent search files and semistructured interviews with search consultants, private sector recruiters, out-of-field superintendent candidates, professional association leaders, and other actors. Findings: Removing certification and other requirements did not attract new talent into the field, did not stimulate new search systems, and did not generate interest among schools boards, their constituents, or other external agents. Over the 9-year period studied, superintendent applicant pools in Michigan underwent the same troubling trends in applicant pools and turnover as the nation overall. Implications: No cavalry of talented executives lurks behind a wall of certification waiting to spread its talents to the nation's districts. Absent significant changes to a web of social, economic, and institutional factors, the likelihood that deregulation policies will affect educational leadership and school organizations is very low.


The genome engineering methods have gained much appreciation for hitting plant disease resistance panorama since the last decade. The in vitro regeneration system is the foundation part of any research related to genetic engineering in plants. Hence, we established a tissue culture regime for efficient in vitro regeneration response of potato cultivar Lady Rosetta tagged with low to no resistance to late blight on foliage and medium to low resistance to late blight on tubers in potato. In this study, five callus induction media and seven regeneration media were investigated to get the best in vitro regeneration response in Lady Rosetta. Based on a statistical analysis of recorded data, the selected combination was CIM2-28 days old calli-RM7. The genetic fidelity of in vitro regenerated plants on a selected combination was assessed using the SSR markers. The wild-type and in vitro regenerated plants showed the same DNA profile. Moreover, a minimal inhibitory dose of basta was optimized for selecting genetically transformed plants in potato, and a 9mg /L basta dose was selected.


Soil contamination is caused by many anthropogenic activities. One of them is manufacturing and uses pesticides. Soil washing is one of the ex-situ treatment technologies for the remediation of contaminated soil. Usually in this processes most of contaminants gets concentrated in a small volume of soil that can be further treated or disposed off. When contaminated fines have been separated, coarse grain soil can usually be returned to clean site. The study was addressed to evaluating the efficacy of chemical decontamination of contaminated "fine portion" of soil using hydrogen peroxide was studied to achieve 90 percept efficiency of removal T.HCH released in the form of chlorides.


Laminar flow characteristics of helical ducts with right-angled isosceles triangle cross section is investigated numerically with CFD software. The velocity fields of fully developed laminar flow are obtained. The effects of dimensionless curvature ratio δ and dimensionless torsion λ on the intensity of secondary flow and flow resistance are analyzed. The results indicate that the steady flow structure of secondary flow on the cross section perpendicular to helix has two vortexes within δ=0.021~0.083 and Re=100~1 000. Both the secondary flow intensity and flow resistance rise with increasing of Reynolds number and δ. In the range of study, λ has little effect on the intensity of secondary flow and the flow resistance. The flow resistance of the triangular helical duct is smaller than that of the half-coil helical duct when they have the same structural parameters and Reynolds number, and with increasing of Re, the difference between them increases as well. In the range of Re, the friction factor of triangular helical duct is 84.1%~99.5% as much as that of half-coil helical duct.


The invention concerns the use, in a composition for textile care in aqueous or wet medium, of a non-ionic polysaccharide whereof the native skeleton is formed of a main chain comprising similar or different anhydrohexose units, and branches including at least an anhydropentose and/or anhydrohexose unit. The anhydrohexose and/or anhydropentose units of the native skeleton being modified by at least a non-ionic group. The composition is designed for washing and/or rinsing and/or softening, prespotting textile articles ,drying wet clothes in a dryer or for facilitating ironing.


As a powerful pocket computer, Pocket PC is broad used in warehouse management, transportation, logistics and goods tracing etc .This paper mainly introduce how to develop a container information management system based on Pocket PC.


From the media object (multimedia objects or streaming media object) is a system and method for extracting information (metadata). Using a single device (44), to extract information from a plurality of media objects having different formats. Media objects are examined to determine the format (40). Then the media object is supplied to the multi-format extractor (44), wherein information is extracted from the media object according to the proper format. The extracted information is compiled into a single data structure (40), the format of the generic data structure is that there is formatted compatible with a plurality of media objects (30).


Two types of single-spoke resonators will be utilized for beam-acceleration in the low energy part of the Project X linac [1]. Single Spoke Resonator of Type-1 (SSR1) and Single Spoke Resonator of Type-2 (SSR2) will operate at 325 MHz with an optimal beta of 0.22 and 0.51 respectively. After an initial phase of prototyping, a production run of ten SSR1 resonators was recently completed in US industry. During manufacturing, some issues were encountered and valuable experience was gained as a result. The processing and heat-treatment procedure has been optimized. The qualification of this group of resonators at the "bare" stage (without helium vessel) is proceeding successfully in the Fermilab Vertical Test Stand (VTS). Seven resonators have already been qualified with performance exceeding Project X requirements. A summary of the cold tests performed on the bare resonators is presented in this paper. Recent efforts have been focused on reducing the sensitivity of SSR resonators to helium-pressure fluctuations. The first SSR1 has been outfitted with a helium vessel and several tests were performed on this resonator at room-temperature to investigate its behavior and measure its sensitivity.


Disclosed in the present invention is an unfolded life jacket which comprises a fixed floating body (11) provided with a notch (113)through which a user's head passes; straps (13) comprising interconnecting straps (131) attached to the fixed floating body (11), the interconnecting straps (131) being tied with intermeshing loop straps (132) to hold the user's body; a movable floating body (14) comprising a front movable floating block (141) and a rear movable floating block (142), to which the fixed floating body (11) is attached, respectively, a rope (15) being attached to the front movable floating block (141) and the rear movable floating block (142), the rope (15) being tied with the intermeshing loop straps (132), an adhesion part (16) limiting the front movable floating block (141) and the rear movable floating block (142) on the intermeshing loop straps (132). It helps the user to keep in a vertical state in water so as to stabilize the gravity center and keep the head out of the water surface.


The effects of gas components such as O2,SO2 and HCl,the existence of fly ash,and temperature on mercury speciation were investigated.It is shown that high temperature is positive to mercury oxidation in most of the simulated flue gas system except for the N2-SO2 system.The existence of O2,SO2 and HCl in the system separately improves the oxidation process,and among them HCl performs the best.When both SO2 and HCl are in the system,the oxidation efficiency of HCl decreases due to the reaction between SO2 and HCl.Fly ash provides,reaction media and catalysts for the mercury oxidation reaction,and consequently,the existence of fly ash in the simulated flue gas can increase mercury speciation.


Bacillus cereus is a Gram‐positive, widely distributed bacterium that has a high level of metabolite production. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of a B. cereus strain exhibiting high and diverse hydrolytic potential that was isolated from glacial water samples from Svalbard, Norway. ABSTRACT Bacillus cereus is a Gram‐positive, widely distributed bacterium that has a high level of metabolite production. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of a B. cereus strain exhibiting high and diverse hydrolytic potential that was isolated from glacial water samples from Svalbard, Norway.


The Standard Model of cosmology of the 1980's was based on a remarkable interplay of ideas from particle theory, experiment and astrophysical observations. That model is now dead, and has been replaced by something far more bizarre. Interestingly, the aspect that has survived involves perhaps the most exotic component: dark matter that dominates the gravitational dynamics of all galaxies, and appears to be composed of a sea of new weakly interacting elementary particles. But this sea of dark matter appears to play second fiddle to an unknown energy density that appears to permeate all of space, causing the expansion of the Universe to accelerate. We are left with many more questions than answers, and our vision of the future of the Universe has completely changed. (Lectures Given at the XIV Canary Islands Winter School in Astrophysics 2002: Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe. Nov 2002 To Appear in the Proceedings)


Digital Earth is the research focus in recent years,3D terrain visualization is one of the most critical technology,this ar ticle by DEM terrain data pre-processing methods-image pyramid model,single piece of terrain displayautomatic elimination the recursive mechanisms as well as three scene rendering technology better to solve the three problems of terrain visualization.


The invention discloses a method for detecting a plurality of color code blocks in human-computer interaction. The color code indicator blocks are worn on a hand. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) in the human interaction of each time, collecting an image in the area of the color code indicator blocks, and determining a background frame according to frame similarity; (2) segmenting the image according to a difference between a current frame and the background frame, and separating a moving foreground area from a background area; and (3) in a Lab color space, extracting the moving area by adopting a convex hull algorithm, performing uniform sampling according to ordered points in convex hulls, determining seed points according to sampling results and own characteristics of the color code indicator blocks, growing the seed points by adopting minimum error ratio-based Bayes decisions as growth criterions, and positioning the color code indicator blocks. The method can be adapted to complex illumination conditions and background conditions, meets the requirement of real-time and ensures high robustness.


The worldwide demand for potable water has been steadily growing and is projected to accelerate, driven by a continued population growth and industrialization of emerging countries. This growth is reflected in a recent market survey by the World Resources Institute, which shows a doubling in the installed capacity of seawater desalination plants every ten years. The production of desalinated water is energy intensive, requiring approximately 3-6 kWh/m3 of produced desalted water. At current U.S. water use rates, a dedicated 1000 MW power plant for every one million people would be required to meet our water needs with desalted water. Nuclear energy plants are attractive for large scale desalination application. The thermal energy produced in a nuclear plant can provide both electricity and desalted water without the production of greenhouse gases. A particularly attractive option for nuclear desalination is to couple a desalination plant with an advanced, modular, passively safe reactor design. The use of small-to-medium sized nuclear power plants allows for countries with smaller electrical grid needs and infrastructure to add new electrical and water capacity in more appropriate increments and allows countries to consider siting plants at a broader number of distributed locations. To meet these needs, a modified version of the International Reactor Innovative and Secure (IRIS) nuclear power plant design has been developed for the cogeneration of electricity and desalted water. The modular, passively safe features of IRIS make it especially well adapted for this application. Furthermore, several design features of the IRIS reactor will ensure a safe and reliable source of energy and water even for countries with limited nuclear power experience and infrastructure. The IRIS-D design utilizes low-quality steam extracted from the low-pressure turbine to boil seawater in a multi-effect distillation desalination plant. The desalination plant is based on the horizontal tube film evaporation design used successfully with the BN-350 nuclear plant in Aktau, Kazakhstan. Parametric studies have been performed to optimize the balance of plant design. Also, an economic analysis has been performed, which shows that IRIS-D should be able to provide electricity and clean water at highly competitive costs.


The composition of the amphibian fauna of southern Africa is at present quite well known. A great deal of information on the biology of South African toads and frogs has also been accumulated. Nevertheless, the coverage has been rather unequal. Much information has been collected on amphibians inhabiting the western Cape Province and the lowlands in Natal and Transkei, very little has been done on the biology of frogs in the Transvaal, and in particular in the Transvaal highveld. As the ecological conditions on the highveld are quite distinct from those in the south and in the eastern lowlands, it seems desirable to present some data on amphibian life in the Transvaal.


In the present study, the Raman spectra of diamond-like amorphous (a-C) and hydrogenated amorphous (a-C:H) carbon films on silicon obtained using the ion-beam methods and the pulse cathodic arc deposition technique were investigated with the aim of elucidating the relation between the hardness and structure of the films. The hardness of the samples used in the present study was 19 – 45 GPa. Hydrogenated carbon films were synthesized using END–Hall ion sources and a linear anode layer ion source (LIS) on single-crystal silicon substrates. The gas precursors were CH4 and C3H8, and the rate of the gas flow fed into the ion source was 4.4 to 10 sccm. The ion energies ranged from 150 to 600 eV. a-C films were deposited onto Si substrates using the pulse cathodic arc deposition technique. The films obtained by the pulse arc technique contained elements with an ordered structure. In the films synthesized using low- (150 eV) and high-energy (600 eV) ions beams, an amorphous phase was the major phase. The significant blurriness of the diffraction rings in the electron diffraction patterns due to a large film thickness (180 – 250 nm) did not allow distinctly observing the signals from the elements with an ordered structure against the background of an amorphous phase.


Introduction: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus is the cause virus of AIDS, and HIV patients may be dependent on antiretrovirals. Objectives: This study evaluated the nutritional status and lipid profile of 38 HIV-infected patients treated at a specialized care center. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups: one with and one without antiretroviral therapy. Results: The mean age was 43.1 years in the therapy group, and 36.8 years without therapy. Anthropometric evaluation revealed normal weight in both groups (23.87 kg/m2 in the group with and 23.66 kg/m2 in the group without). Lipid profile sees a significant increase in total cholesterol (212.73 mg / dL) in the therapy group compared to those without (163 mg / dL), LDL also increased in the therapy group (133.76 mg / dL) compared to those without (97.78 mg / dL). The intake of macronutrients was within normal limits. Conclusions: The use of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-positive patients may alter the lipid profile.


Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is a cornerstone of therapy for pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Administration of high dose (HD) MTX requires hospitalization and concurrent intravenous fluids and leucovorin while awaiting drug excretion. HDMTX has been associated with acute adverse events (AEs), such as mucositis, neurotoxicity, and myelosuppression, that can impact quality of life and ability to administer subsequent chemotherapy. There are limited data evaluating differences in AEs after HDMTX among demographic groups.
 Objective: The objective of this study was to describe AEs for patients receiving HDMTX (defined as >500 mg/m2 to account for dose reductions from protocol dosing) and to compare rates by age, race, ethnicity and dose number using a multicenter cohort.
 Methods: A multi-center retrospective study collected data on pediatric ALL patients ages 0-21 years at diagnosis who received at least one dose of HDMTX at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta or Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center from January 2010 through December 2020. Demographic (age, sex, race, ethnicity) and clinical (vital status, Down Syndrome, HDMTX doses) variables were manually abstracted from the electronic medical record. Algorithms were developed a priori based on Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5 to identify the presence and grade of targeted AEs after HDMTX administration. The following AEs were abstracted for the time period from each HDMTX dose until the next HDMTX or other chemotherapy administration: mucositis, neurotoxicity, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. Only grade 4 neutropenia and grades 3-4 thrombocytopenia were collected. Institutional review board approval was obtained at each site. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and generalized estimating equations (GEE) as appropriate, were calculated to evaluate differences in AEs by dichotomized age (<10, 10+), race, ethnicity, and HDMTX administration number. All analyses were performed using SAS Enterprise Guide v7.1.
 Results: Across sites, 543 patients with ALL patients received HDMTX (2064 administrations). The median age at first HDMTX was 8.0 years (0.1-21.0); 230 (42.4%) were female, 381 (70.2%) were White, and 441 (81.2%) were Non-Hispanic or Latino (Table 1). The median number of HDMTX administrations was 4.0 (Range 1-10). In total, 469 (86.4%) patients had at least one AE. Mucositis occurred in 386 (71.1%) patients, grade 4 neutropenia occurred in 243 (50.1%) and grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia occurred in 156 (32.2%, Table 2). Mucositis, neurotoxicity, and thrombocytopenia were significantly more likely in patients 10+ years (p=0.02, p<0.01, p<0.01, respectively, Table 2). There were no significant differences in AE rates by race or ethnicity. Table 3 describes percentages of administrations with each AE grade. Half of HDMTX administrations had at least one AE. AE rates decreased significantly from first to fourth administration (67.5% of first and 33.0% of fourth administrations with at least one AE, p<0.01). Rates of mucositis and neurotoxicity individually decreased over administrations (p<0.01, Table 3).
 Conclusion: AEs after administration of HDMTX are common, with 86% of patients experiencing at least one AE after receipt of HDMTX and half of administrations leading to at least one AE. Greater than half of patients experienced mucositis and neutropenia. Older patients experienced significantly more mucositis, neurotoxicity, and thrombocytopenia. Unsurprisingly, we found that overall the rate of AEs was highest after the first HDMTX administration and decreased significantly across doses, which is likely due to dose reductions in HDMTX or concurrent antimetabolite therapy and to increased supportive care (hydration and leucovorin) after experience of an AE. Chart abstraction is ongoing at a third hospital that will increase the sample size of patients, particularly those of Hispanic/Latino ethnicity, to delineate potential differences by race and ethnicity. In addition, current analyses are evaluating the impact of supportive care and dosing changes between administrations on the burden of HDMTX-related AEs and differences by age. The results of this study will provide valuable data regarding who is at highest risk for AEs and can be used to tailor supportive care during this potentially toxic chemotherapy.
 Figure 1 Figure 1.

 Bernhardt: Bristol Myers Squibb: Research Funding; BTG International: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Research Funding; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Mesoblast: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Servier: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. O'Brien: Jazz: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding. Ramsey: BTG Specialty Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Research Funding.


Background: Development of resistance is major problem in TRAIL anti-cancer therapy. Results: Cryptotanshinone induces death receptor 5 via ROS signaling and therefore enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Conclusion: Cryptotanshinone restores TRAIL sensitivity in TRAIL-resistant cancer cells. Significance: We demonstrate a novel TRAIL-enhancing action by natural compound cryptotanshinone. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) selectively induces apoptosis and kills cancer cells but not normal cells. However, TRAIL resistance due to low level of TRAIL receptor expression is widely found in cancer cells and hampers its development for cancer treatment. Thus, the agents that can sensitize the tumor cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis are urgently needed. We investigated whether tanshinones, the major bioactive compounds of Salvia miltiorrhiza (danshen), can up-regulate TRAIL receptor expression. Among the major tanshinones being tested, cryptotanshinone (CT) showed the best ability to induce TRAIL receptor 2 (DR5) expression. We further showed that CT was capable of promoting TRAIL-induced cell death and apoptosis in A375 melanoma cells. CT-induced DR5 induction was not cell type-specific, as DR5 induction was observed in other cancer cell types. DR5 knockdown abolished the enhancing effect of CT on TRAIL responses. Mechanistically, induction of the DR5 by CT was found to be p53-independent but dependent on the induction of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein (CHOP). Knockdown of CHOP abolished CT-induced DR5 expression and the associated potentiation of TRAIL-mediated cell death. In addition, CT-induced ROS production preceded up-regulation of CHOP and DR5 and consequent sensitization of cells to TRAIL. Interestingly, CT also converted TRAIL-resistant lung A549 cancer cells into TRAIL-sensitive cells. Taken together, our results indicate that CT can potentiate TRAIL-induced apoptosis through up-regulation of DR5.


The bryophyte fossils are rare, mainly in Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in spite of being present since the Silurian Period. In the Division Bryophyta, the fossils that belong to the Class Bryopsida are recognized since the Carboniferous, but they are extremely scarce. They are plentiful only in Permian sediments, in the Petchora, Kuznetsk and Russian Platform basins, also in Antarctica, Karoo basin (the last in South Africa) and India. Identified at the genus Dwykea, gametophyte specimens bearing pleurocarpous sporophyte were recovered from the lowermost levels of Itarare Subgroup, near Campinas city, S. Paulo State. These fossils correspond to the first register of bryophyte female gametophyte for the Carboniferous Period. The microflora in association with these fossils allow correlations of these levels to the Palynozone Ahrensisporites cristatus of Westphalian age. Related to proglacial sediments, they may correspond to a tundra vegetation covering the Northeastern border of Parana Basin, during the Westphalian.


* A note on twistor integrals by S. Bloch* Multiple polylogarithms and linearly reducible Feynman graphs by C. Bogner and M. Luders* Comparison of motivic and simplicial operations in mod-$l$-motivic and etale cohomology by P. Brosnan and R. Joshua* On the Broadhurst-Kreimer generating series for multiple zeta values by S. Carr, H. Gangl, and L. Schneps* Dyson-Schwinger equations in the theory of computation by C. Delaney and M. Marcolli* Scattering amplitudes, Feynman integrals and multiple polylogarithms by C. Duhr* Equations D3 and spectral elliptic curves by V. Golyshev and M. Vlasenko* Quantum fields, periods and algebraic geometry by D. Kreimer* Renormalization, Hopf algebras and Mellin transforms by E. Panzer* Multiple zeta value cycles in low weight by I. Souderes* Periods and Hodge structures in perturbative quantum field theory by S. Weinzierl* Some combinatorial interpretations in perturbative quantum field theory by K. Yeats


This article investigates the challenges that face the intersection of commercial technology and public policy. The authors conducted in-depth interviews with thirty stakeholders—company executives and investors—in the commercial technology community to understand their perceptions of public policy and their current interactions with policymakers and policy analysts. This research focuses on start-up founders, start-up chief executive officers, and the venture capitalists who fund commercial technology start-ups. Given the dearth of research investigating how the commercial technology and policy worlds interact, the study results offer unique insight into the perceptions of commercial technology stakeholders. Conclusions discuss where opportunities may exist for improving engagement with policymakers and analysts.


Coupled-channels optical calculations for total and resonance excitation integral cross sections for electron scattering on the metastable level 21,3 S of helium are presented. The results are in agreement with other theoretical and experimental data.


Summary The globalization of economic activity imposes the need for all countries to participate intensely in the current international economic cooperation and exchange processes of goods, services, labor and capital. Greater integration into international economic and trade flows is particularly important for small countries, given that the limitation of resources and insufficient domestic production impose the need for greater imports. On the other hand, import imposes a greater need for more exports so that the growing imports could be financed. Adjusting the challenges of globalization is an important task for all countries in order to accomplish basic economic goal, and that is the growth of living standards of all citizens. In this sense, in this paper, special attention is paid to the state of foreign trade and the analysis of the effects of FDI on export competitiveness and increase exports of the national economy, as one of the most important conditions of economic progress in the future. The main objective of this paper is to highlight the importance of the impact of foreign direct investments to strengthen the export activities of the Serbian economy, and the importance of intensification of export activity and qualitative changes in the structure of domestic exports.


Amylose and Amylopectin is the material on starch which is the raw material of making Biodegradable plastic, but easy to tear (brittle), so need addition of plasticizer. In this study using Glycerol as plasticizer. This research was conducted at Polymer Chemical Laboratory of University of Sumatera Utara and Physics Laboratory of FMIPA and Universitas Syahkuala with the aim to make Biodegradable plastic and know physical characteristics of three types of tuber starch with addition of glycerol plasticizer. The experiment was compiled using a complete randomized factorial design with three replications. Factors are the types of starch (sago starch, arrowroot, and cassava). Observations include chemical and physical properties of starches and physical properties of biodegradable plastics. Data obtained for Amylose and Amylopectin content are the biggest Sagu starch (21.7% - 62.51%), starch (19.4% - 59.35%) and wood starch (18.0% 60,15%. The result showed that Amilosa and Amilopectin content highly influenced tensile strength and elongation of Biodegradable plastic. The higher the Amylose value, the value of tensile strength and elongation of Biodegradable plastic increasingly but for sago starch has elongation value and strength of tensile strength (97,83 kgf / mm2 - 4,83%) for starch (98,97 kgf / mm2 - 3,38%) and cassava starch (89.83 kgf / mm2 - 2.26%), this occurs because of the impurity and error factor in the thickness measurement of Biodegradable plastic.


Two liquid-helium-cooled cryogenic sapphire-resonator oscillators (CSOs), have been modified to operate using cryo-refrigerators and low-vibration cryostats. The Allan deviation of the first CSO was evaluated to be better than 2 x 10-15 for averaging times of 1 s to 30 000 s, which is better than that of the original liquid helium cooled CSO. The Allan deviation of the second CSO is better than 4 x 10-15 from 1 s to 6 000 s averaging time.


Understanding the movement pattern and ranging behavior of the Griffon vulture population in Serbia is of great importance for prioritizing conservation action. In 2011, an immature vulture was the first bird to be equipped with a satellite transmitter in Serbia. Our study aims to define the vulture?s foraging areas, home ranges, core and basic areas, and to investigate movement patterns across different years and seasons by analyzing satellite telemetry data. We tracked the movements of the vulture for over three years and obtained satellite tracking data for 34 bird-months (1976 GPS fixes) between October 2011 and July 2014. We determined that the overall foraging area of the vulture across the entire study period was 11654.34 km2. The overall area used by the vulture was larger during spring and summer than during winter periods. Combined ranges across all years identified one basic area and its associated core area around the Uvac colony and nearby feeding site; we identified three core areas in its proximity. This study showed that areas of traditional stock-raising practices are important vulture foraging areas and that supplementary feeding sites have a vital role. Our maps can be used for future planning of vulture conservation measures.


The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of competence and training program on working performance of the employees at a company. As well as to analyze how much they influence working performance among employees of Kopkar Manunggal Perkasa Cirebon. This research is an associative type of research, with quantitative methods that produce data through questionnaires. The population taken for this study was 159 employees of Kopkar Manunggal Perkasa Cirebon. Sampling technique in this study used Microsoft Office (Microsoft Excel) and SPSS 23 For Windows programs. Based on data analysis, turned out that the influence of competence variables affect on working performance among the employees.


Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still becoming a problem in several countries with the emergence of new variants with the latest variant named Omicron. Studies show that patients with COVID-19 tend to have Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) because of high pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines levels. Since its role as an antiviral agent, anti-cytokine, immunomodulator, antioxidant and has potential effect in maintaining body functions, vitamin C can be used as one of therapy. There is still arguable about giving treatment of COVID-19 patients with Intravenous Vitamin C (IVC). Previous research has not been discussed related to accelerating recovery and decreasing mortality. Purpose: To identify the impact of IVC intervention given to COVID-19 patients admitted in hospital by reviewing clinical outcomes particularly on complexity or mortality. Review: Literature information was sourced from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases through keywords to retrieve inclusion criteria published during 2019-2021. Result: We found that IVC influenced inflammatory biomarkers such as CRP, d-dimer, ferritin, and several inflammatory cytokines, mortality, length of stay, oxygenation, organ and immune system function but showed no significant difference between the control group. Conclusion: IVC treatment might be an essential adjuvant therapy in the aggravation of mild, severe, and critical COVID-19 patients, but did not understate complexity or mortality. Hence, further research and evaluation in clinical trials are needed.


An overview of the literature of aging and cognitive processes is presented, with emphasis on the areas of psychometric measurement of intelligence, qualitative interpretations of adult thinking, and the speed and timing of behavior. It is argued that the study of psychometric intelligence has gone through four distinct phases, reflecting an expanding data base and an evolving theoretical orientation and methodology. Contemporary research on aging and intelligence continues to be undertaken from at least three of the four perspectives. Qualitative and quantitative approaches to cognition have both provided evidence for increased integration in the thinking of older people, although the two approaches have different conceptualizations of integration. There is extensive evidence to support the contention that the speed of behavior slows with age, and the slowing affects efficiency of behavior rather than simply causing the response to occur more slowly. Cognition in aging includes great diversity, ranging from senility to wisdom.


During its year-and-a-half journey from Chicago's Goodman Theatre to Broadway, August Wilson's Gem of the Ocean underwent significant reconfiguring, not the least of which was a change of director and producer. Kenny Leon took over direction from an ill Marion McClinton, and Carole Shorenstein Hays stepped in as co-producer for a cashstrapped Benjamin Mordecai (recently deceased). With each incarnation, Wilson continued to refine his story before Gem reached the Walter Kerr. According to Todd Kreidler, Wilson's dramaturg for the past six years, while everyone involved was saddened by the play's abbreviated New York run, Wilson said, ". . . yeah, but at least we got it right." What a shame, then, that more audiences could not experience this production, whose run was cut short by the same producer who initially saved it. Shorenstein Hays closed Gem on 6 February 2005 after seventy-two performances to make room for another of her productions—the Broadway transfer of John Patrick Shanley's award-winning Doubt.


The invention provides an anion air purification and detection device. The anion air purification and detection device comprises an air purifier and a detection bottom seat, wherein the air purifier and the detection bottom seat are combined together in detachable mode through a combination portion, the air purifier and the detection bottom seat not only can independently work in separate mode, but also can be combined together to work, and an intelligent detection circuit is arranged in the air purifier. When the intelligent detection circuit detects that the air purifier and the detection bottom seat are combined together, a control circuit board controls an anion generator to work under a continuous mode and generate anion at the maximum power. When the intelligent detection circuit detects that the air purifier and the detection bottom seat are separated, the control circuit board controls the anion generator to work under a discontinuous mode, the anion generator rests for a time after working for each certain period so as to prolong standby time, the air purifier and/or the detection bottom seat are/is provided with positive electricity elimination components, and the positive electricity elimination components are connected with a positive pole of the anion generator through electric conductors.


The technique of determination of oil loss from evaporation in tanks, which essence consists in calculation of a mass fraction of loss as a difference of pressure of oil saturated vapor, selected at tank input and output, is given. The automatic laboratory device ALP-01DP, allowing to reduce time of determination of saturated oil vapor pressure of oil samples, and also to measure residual gas content of oil, is presented.


Elastic moduli of cement pastes and concretes having water: cement ratios ranging from 0.25 to 0.775 and aggregate contents of up to 73 per cent by volume were measured at ages between 3 and 1,280 days. Volume proportions of unhydrated cement, hydrated cement and voids were determined from evaporable and non-evaporable water contents. It was found that the elastic modulus of bulk hydrate could be expressed as a power function of the volume concentration of hydrate in the space available to accommodate it. Substitution of this parameter into maxwell parallel models gave values for the elastic modulus of cement paste and for concrete which were in reasonable agreement with experiment.


This thesis presents a comparison of the strong coupling of the gluons to light (q l = u + d + s), c, and b quarks, determined from multijet rates in avor-tagged samples of approximately 150,000 hadronic Z 0 decays recorded with the SLC Large Detector at the SLAC Linear Collider between 1993 and 1995. Flavor separation among primary q l q l , c c and b b nal states was made on the basis of the reconstructed mass of long-lived heavy-hadron decay v ertices, yielding tags with high purity and low bias against 3-jet nal states.


The function of the heart is to generate a sequence of mechanical muscle contractions, which are triggered by electrical excitation waves. Such mechanical contraction provides a driving force for cardiac tissue to pump blood, maintaining circulation. Any disturbance to the electrical activity can impair cardiac mechanical dynamics via the electrical– mechanical coupling and vice versa. It still remains a challenge to underpin the dynamical interactions between cardiac electrical and mechanical activities. The aim of this project is to construct a bio-physically detailed computer model of the human atria to investigate the interaction between the electrical and mechanical coupling of the human atria, from cellular to tissue scales.


The transverse seismic response of beam aqueduct with considering fluid-structure coupling is established in this paper.With the variety of aqueduct body disposal,the aqueduct transverse seismic response of a large-scale aqueduct under several work conditions is computed.The results show that the transverse seismic response is greatly influenced by the water mass in the aqueduct,but the shake water reduces itself seismic response.If the whole water is appended to aqueduct body,it will magnify the seismic inertia action.When the aqueduct cross-section is selected,the influence of seismic response of aqueduct body on pier should be considered in order to reduce seismic damage.


The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of various fertilization treatments, including nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus fertilization, in long-term experiments for selected UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle)-derived spectral vegetation indices (NDVI—Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDRE—Normalized Difference Red Edge Index, VARI—Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index, TGI—Triangular Greenness Index, SIPI2—Structure Insensitive Pigment Index 2, LCI—Leaf Chlorophyll Index, BNDVI—Blue Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, GNDVI—Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, MCARI—Modified Chlorophyll Absorption in Reflective Index) based on multispectral (bands in the range of visible light and near infra-red) images of winter rye. The strongest effect on the studied vegetation indices was nitrogen fertilization, which discriminated values of most of the vegetation indices. The effect of phosphorus and potassium fertilization on the studied vegetation indices was much weaker. The treatments with nitrogen fertilization had significantly higher values of most vegetation indices in comparison to treatments without nitrogen. This was confirmed by principal component analysis (PCA), in which treatments without nitrogen fertilization were very different in comparison to all other treatments where nitrogen fertilization was applied. The effect of phosphorus and potassium fertilization on most of vegetation indices was relatively weak and not significant in most experiments. Only for rye cultivated in monoculture was the effect of phosphorus fertilization significant for most of vegetation indices in early growth stages. In later growth stages (heading and flowering) the effect of phosphorus fertilization was significant in rye monoculture for the SIPI2 vegetation index. Mean SIPI2 was higher for the fertilization treatment CaNPK in comparison to CaKN (without P fertilization). The effect of potassium fertilization on the studied vegetation indices was very weak, and in most cases not significant. The effect of nitrogen fertilization on vegetation indices was much stronger than effect of both potassium and phosphorus fertilization.


The analysis of interpersonal relationships has started to become popular in the last few decades. Interpersonal relationships exist in many ways, including family, friendship, job, and clubs. In this manuscript, we have implemented the homotopy perturbation Elzaki transform method to obtain the solutions of romantic and interpersonal relationships model involving time‐fractional‐order derivatives with non‐singular kernels. The present method is the combination of the classical homotopy perturbation method and the Elzaki transform. This method offers a rapidly convergent series of solutions. The present approach explores the dynamics of love between couples. Validation and usefulness of the method are incorporated with new fractional‐order derivatives with exponential decay law and with general Mittag–Leffler law. Obtained results are compared with the established solution defined in the Caputo sense. Further, a comparative study among Caputo and newly defined fractional derivatives are discussed.


Insulation defect is a main reason leading to the failure of GIS, most of which are the short circuit between the conductor and ground or phases caused by the discharge on the surfaces of solid dielectric insulation, such as disc insulator, insulating operating lever, post insulator and etc. In this paper, several typical insulation failures of GIS equipment and their causes are introduced. Moreover, the suggestions for preventing the GIS equipment from insulation failures are presented:1)strengthening the quality supervision of equipment manufacturing and field installation;2)stricting acceptance and test handover aspects;3)standardizing equipment operation inspection and repair and maintenance work;4) emphasizing on the quality of supervision and SF6 gas.


High electrical power efficiency is desired characteristic in high performance solar cells. In this paper we present an analytical investigation SiGe solar cell including texture morphology effects, in order to study the impact of the texture morphology on the electrical performances. Based on 2D analytical investigation of SiGe single-junction (SiGe(n)/Si(p)) thin film solar cell, in the present paper new analytical models of optical and electrical parameters are developed to investigate the impact of the surface texture morphology on the enhancement of the solar cell for high performance applications. In this context, electrical characteristics of the investigated design are analyzed and compared with conventional SiGe solar cell, without surface texture morphology.


Whether we deal with foundations or computation, logic relates questions and answers, typically formulas and proofs: a very entangled relation due to the abuse of presuppositions. In order to analyse syntax, we should step out from language, which is quite impossible. However, it is enough to step out from meaning: this is why our first lighting of logic is that of answers: it is possible to deal with them as meaningless artifacts assuming two basic states, implicit and explicit. The process of explicitation (a.k.a. normalisation, execution), which aims at making explicit what is only implicit, is fundamentally hazardous. The second light is that of questions whose choice involves a formatting ensuring the convergence of explicitation, i.e., the existence of "normal forms". This formatting can be seen as the emergence of meaning. It is indeed a necessary nuisance; either too laxist or too coercitive, there is no just format. Logic should avoid the pitfall of Prussian, axiomatic, formats by trying to understand which deontic dialogue is hidden behind logical restrictions. The third lighting, certainty deals with the adequation between answers and questions: how do we know that an answer actually matches a question? Apodictic certainty — beyond a reasonable doubt — is out of reach: we can only hope for epidictic, i.e., limited, reasonable, certainty. Under the second light (questions), we see that the format is made of two opposite parts, namely rights and duties, and that logical deduction relies on a strict balance between these two opposite terms, expressed by the identity group "A is A and conversely". The issue of certainty thus becomes the interrogation: "Can we afford the rights of our duties?" 1998 ACM Subject Classification F.4.1 Mathematical Logic


There are many defects in the present system of ownership of collective la nd in rural areas.It needs to be reconstituted.I propose that it should be changed to the system of collec tive ownership of administrative villages,which includes private cultivated land,l and for construction purposes and la nd that is still not being used.There should be a clear distinction of ownership amon g state,collective and farmers.The system of requisition of land should be reformed and a new system of population allocation after the requisition of land sh ould be established.


The invention discloses 25 hydroxycholecalciferol inclusion compounds, the inclusion compound is mainly made up of beta cyclodextrin and 25 hydroxycholecalciferols.The invention also discloses the preparation method and application of 25 hydroxycholecalciferol inclusion compounds.The inclusion compound that the present invention is prepared is due to there is the hydroxyl of many on the outer shroud of beta cyclodextrin, it is soluble in water, the solubility contained in 25 OH VD3 inclusion compound water is greatly higher than 25 OH VD3 in itself, therefore, 25 OH VD3 absorptivity and bioactivity can be increased, simultaneously, because the unsaturated double-bond of 25 hydroxycholecalciferols is cyclodextrin encapsulated by beta, isolate and oxygen, and the contact of other impurity for causing unsaturated double-bond to be degraded, 25 OH VD3 stability is improved significantly.


Objective To provide a greater understanding of the expectations, symptoms and impact of the menopause among women and their partners. Study design Three online surveys were conducted among women aged ≥45 years with menopause symptoms (currently or within previous 10 years). Two questionnaires focussed on symptoms and treatments and were conducted before (Survey 1, 2015; n = 1000) and after (Survey 2, 2016, n = 1000) publication of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) menopause guidelines. Survey 3 (2017) focussed on the psychosocial impact of the menopause and was also conducted among partners (women n = 650; partners n = 350). Results Women experienced an average of seven symptoms; 42% reported them to be worse than expected. Approximately one-fifth of women were not expecting common symptoms, such as sleep disturbance and cognitive problems, and were uncertain how long symptoms could last. A significant proportion of women reported negative effects on work and relationships. There was a reluctance to talk openly about the menopause or consult a healthcare professional (HCP). Partners expressed a desire to provide support but were unsure how to do so. Often women felt isolated and 41% considered the information and support available to them was insufficient. Only 3% of women were aware of the NICE guidelines but the majority (66%) were interested in learning more. Conclusions These findings underscore the knowledge gaps and lack of support for women impacted by the menopause. Improved HCP training and education is required to ensure that high-quality menopause support can be accessed as standard.


This thesis outlines an idea of world politics as a distinct activity of thinking and speaking about the overall conditions of world order in terms of their desirability. World order is understood not as an arrangement of entities, be they humans, states or civilizations, but a complex of variously situated activities conducted by individuals as members of diverse associations of their own. This idea is advanced from within one such association, or context, contemporary International Relations, wherein it entails a metatheoretical position, neotraditionalism, as a rectification of the initial, 'traditionalist' or 'classical', approach after the advance of rationalism and subsequent reflectivist critique. Since loose talk about traditions does not constitute a tradition, neotraditionalism is presented by drawing on the resources of a well-trimmed manner of thinking and speaking about human associations, political philosophy, again, understood not as a body of doctrine but a context-specific human activity which can be experienced only through concrete exhibitions of individual intelligence. Therefore, throughout the thesis, a conversation on the place of politics in human experience is re-enacted. Its major participants are R.G. Collingwood and Michael Oakeshott. Its major achievement is the conditional unity of understanding and conduct, tradition and individuality, the subject of inquiry and the manner in which it is conducted. As such, this conversation is neither an antiquarian item nor a timeless ideal, but an instance of an association to be desired, and thus an example which, once comprehended, that is, both understood and included into one's own context, becomes a historically enacted disposition for the activity of politics.


Objectives: To verify the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among nursing workers at a teaching university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, and to identify socio-demographic and labor variables associated with those symptoms. Methods: Transversal study involving 491 nursing workers at a teaching university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul. It was used the Brazilian version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire to identify the musculoskeletal. Results: Among participants, 96.3% reported pain in some part of the body in the last year, 73.1 % in the last seven days and 65.8% difficulties in daily activities; pain in the spinal column was the most frequent mentioned by workers; socio-demographic characteristics (being a woman, extremes of age, minor children, little education, obesity, tabaccoism) and labor characteristics (technician or auxiliary nurse, night shift work, strenuous physical labor) were associated with pain in various regions. Conclusion: The results indicated for participatory proposals for promoting health and well-being in nursing work environment; hospital managers and workers should participate.


She and two Postdoctoral Fellows, Smita Kulkarni, Ph.D., who works in her lab, and Ram Savan, Ph.D., who worked with Howard Young, Ph.D., a colleague in the Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, realized immediately that this unexpected post-transcriptional interaction between microRNA and a particular HLA variant could be a powerful modulator that regulates HLA expression and, in turn, influences host immune responses in human disease, whether triggered by HIV infections, autoimmune diseases, or cancer.


We introduce DigitalSeal, a transaction authentication tool that works in both online and offline use scenarios. Digi-talSeal is a digital scanner that reads transaction information sent by an issuing entity of the DigitalSeal reader for authentication, and the information is encoded using a specially crafted bar-code. DigitalSeal views various pieces of transaction information for users to verify and proceed with transaction authentication. DigitalSeal is generic, and is capable of reading information viewed on paper, computer monitors (similarly, kiosk monitors), and mobile phones. A prototype of DigitalSeal is built using a Arduino UNO, four LLS05-A sensors, four TCRT5000 sensors, a 1602 LCD and a 9V battery.


This study investigates the relationship between firms' competition, wage, CEOs' characteristics, and firm performance (measured by net income per employee, return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE)) of Vietnam's 693 listed firms in 2015 using both the ordinary-least-square (OLS) and quantile regression methods. Triangulating the results coming from the analysis of three different measures of firm performance, this study consistently confirms that the sex of CEOs and chairman turns out to be insignificant in explaining firm performance and there is a negative association between capital intensity and firm performance. For financial firms, the age of a firm and average wage per employee are negatively associated with all types of firm performance. The quantile regression method shows that the age of a firm is negatively correlated with its net income per employee for small firms, while it is insignificant for medium-sized firms. Meanwhile, firm size is positively associated with firm performance. These results indicate Vietnam's business activities are still concentrating on low labor cost, labor intensive, and low-tech production, thus, policies that promote innovation and high-tech applications should be encouraged.


This article gives an analysis of the borrowing statistics of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania for the early part of the Livonian War (1555–1569), until the Union of Lublin, and the social characteristics of the people and groups of people who became the most prominent lenders. The borrowing in question was conducted via pledge lordships. For the examined period, we have registered 160 pledge-lordship contracts with a stated pledge amount totalling 515,667 sexagenas of Lithuanian groats. Of these, 149 pledge-lordship contracts totalling 496,709 sexagenas were from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania proper. In comparison with the earlier period, between 1502 and 1522, revenue from pledges with a known face value increased ninefold. The total amount borrowed for this period was equal to approximately three times the yearly wartime treasury revenue. The most prolific lenders were members of the established elite. Altogether, members of eight noble houses provided 32.4% of the entire amount lent to the state using pledges. Compared to the earlier period in terms of lenders was the first appearance of burghers (Vilnius, Gdansk, Livonian) as lenders, as they were granted pledge-lordship contracts.


Owing to its peculiar electronic band structure, high carrier mobility and long spin diffusion length, graphene is a promising two-dimensional material for microelectronics and spintronics. Graphene also shows interesting magnetic properties when in contact with a ferromagnetic metal (FM). For instance, graphene carries a net magnetic moment when deposited on Fe/Ni(111), and a significant spin splitting can be induced in graphene due to proximity with a heavy element. While these results illustrate potential advantages of integrating graphene within a magnetic stack, the influence of graphene on the magnetic properties of a FM is still largely unexplored. In particular, non-magnetic overlayers generally affect the magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) of thin layers, where interfaces play an important role. We can then wonder how an interface with graphene would influence the MAE of a thin FM film. Using spin-polarized low-energy electron microscopy, we study how a graphene overlayer affects the magnetic properties of atomically flat, nm-thick Co films grown on Ir(111). In this contribution, we report several astonishing magnetic properties of graphene-covered Co films: 1) Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy is favored over an unusually large thickness range, 2) Vectorial magnetic imaging reveals an extraordinarily gradual thickness-dependent spin reorientation transition (SRT), 3) During the SRT, cobalt films are characterized by an unconventional spin texture, 4) Spectroscopy measurements indicate that incident spin-polarized electrons do not suffer substantial spin-dependent collisions a few electron-Volts above the vacuum level. These properties strikingly differ from those of pristine cobalt films and could open new prospects in surface magnetism and spintronics.


PURPOSE: A wireless communication method, a wireless communication system, and terminal and a BS is not destroy the information, thereby preventing the information delay by retransmission control. CONSTITUTION: A base station transmits receiving information in a terminal(S4). An upper BS device transmits information SN-32~ to the other base station(S5). The base station disclosed the transmission of the information SN-32~(S7). The terminal demands the retransmission of the lacked reception information through the base station(S8). The upper BS device transmits corresponding information SN-28~31 to the base station(S9). The base station transmits receiving information SN-28~31 to the terminal(S10).


This paper focuses on the key issues of landing a carrier-based fixed-wing UAV on the aircraft carrier, especially the autonomous landing system design principles, methods and simulation. According to the differences between piloted and unmanned landing, including the distinction of landing on the land and moving carrier, this paper proposes autonomous landing system design issues and requirements. Adaptive deck motion prediction and compensation is used, with appropriate wave-off decision-making method, while an integrated design of the flight control system and automatic thrust control system is used to follow the glide slope precisely. Finally, based on the designs, an autonomous aircraft carrier landing system is completed and simulated with desired performance.


1. Introduction. 2. Dimensional Analysis and Experimentation. 3. Macroscopic Problems. 4. Detailed Flow Structure. 5. Approximate Methods. 6. Advanced Topics. Author Index. Subject Index.


Complex-valued admissible and completely admissible functions on a cone are considered. It is proved that holomorphic functions having nonnegative real part (bounded argument) are admissible. These functions are used as comparison functions in multidimensional Tauberian theorems for generalized functions.


We show that it is possible to obtain emission up to 1.5 μm from InAs/GaAs quantum dots using a combination of low growth rates, a seed layer, variable substrate temperature, and InGaAs capping. These strain engineered structures exhibit a remarkably small linewidth (14 meV) consistent with islands that are very uniform in both composition and size.


Maternal hydrops syndrome (MHS) or 'mirror' syndrome was originally linked to Rh alloimmunisation. More recently, it has been associated with various other fetal conditions. These conditions share the features of fetal and placental hydrops, and include other causes of fetal anaemia such as alpha-thalassaemia (Liang et al., 1985) and Parvovirus B19 infection (Duthie and Walkinshaw, 1995). One paper describes three cases of Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome with MHS, suggesting a causal relationship with placental hydrops (McCowan and Becroft, 1994). Intra-uterine treatment is available for several of these conditions. Not surprisingly, some authors have indeed reported resolution of MHS following successful treatment of the fetus (Duthie and Walkinshaw, 1995; Heyborne and Chism, 2000). We report a case in which MHS appeared after resolution of fetal hydrops with thoraco-amniotic shunting of a bilateral chylothorax. A healthy 29-year-old nulliparous, A Rh-positive woman was referred at 29 weeks' gestation with abdominal overdistension and pain. She was feeling generally unwell. Her blood pressure was normal (130/70 mmHg). She had no edema or proteinuria. Ultrasound examination showed severe polyhydramnios with a deepest vertical pocket of 140 mm, fetal hydrops with upper-body skin edema and bilateral hydrothorax, and increased placental thickness of 7 cm. Fetal arterial and venous Doppler indices were all within normal limits for gestational age. Further investigation showed a negative Coombs test. Viral studies and a Kleihauer–Betke test were negative. Amniocentesis revealed a normal male karyotype. The diagnosis of primary chylothorax with secondary hydrops and polyhydramnios due to cardiac and oesophageal compression was made. Amniodrainage (1500 mL) was performed to relieve maternal discomfort. Ultrasound-guided thoracocentesis was performed, with drainage of 35 mL of clear yellowish fluid from the left side of the thorax. Within 24 h there was recurrence of hydrothorax and polyhydramnios. Worsening fetal hydrops led to the decision to opt for thoracoamniotic shunting. Two silastic 'Rodeck' pigtail shunts (Rocket of London Ltd, Bansford, UK) were successfully inserted on both sides of the thorax leading to complete remission of fetal hydrops and hydrothorax within 24 h (Rodeck et al., 1988). One week after shunt placement the patient was re-admitted with headache, visual disturbances and back pain. Clinical examination revealed massive edema of the legs, hands and face, with very active patellar reflexes. She was hypertensive (150/100 mmHg) and proteinuric (1+ on urine-stick analysis). Laboratory studies revealed a haemoglobin concentration of 7.2 g/dL, normal platelets, uric acid and creatinine, with slightly raised liver enzymes. Ultrasound examination showed a non-hydropic fetus in good condition with both drains in situ but the placenta still appeared hydropic, with an unchanged thickness of 7 cm. The patient was placed on bed rest, and treated with magnesium sulphate. She received two doses of betamethasone to promote lung maturity. Shortly after admission, the patient went into spontaneous labour. Blood pressure rose to 180/117 mmHg during labour, for which she received ketanserin. Her visual disturbances worsened and her patellar reflexes were hyperactive. After 6 h of labour, the patient delivered a 2000-g male baby with Apgar scores of 5 at 1 min and 6 after 5 min. The placenta weighed 650 g and was grossly hydropic. The chest shunts were clamped and removed. The neonate required intubation and ventilation shortly after birth. Bilateral chest tubes were placed. One day postpartum maternal blood pressure dropped and visual disturbances decreased. In the following days, the blood pressure and reflexes normalised and edema disappeared. The mother was discharged in good condition four days after delivery: she required no further medication. Extensive clinical, radiological and laboratory examination of the baby did not reveal any additional congenital malformations. He is currently one-year old and apart from feeding problems he is doing well. Our patient showed all the classic features of MHS: severe edema of the legs, hypertension, mild albuminuria and a relatively low Hgb, in conjunction with a hydropic placenta. In most patients with pre-eclampsia, Hgb is elevated, with more pronounced albuminuria; therefore, we believe that in this case, especially with the hydropic placenta present, the diagnosis MHS seems most likely. The exact pathophysiology of both syndromes is still unclear, and we realise that it is difficult if not impossible to be 100% certain of either diagnosis. Interestingly, however, maternal symptoms appeared a week after successful shunting of the fetal hydrothorax and resolution of fetal hydrops. However, the placenta was still hydropic, confirming its possible aetiologic role (Van Selm et al., 1991; McCowan and Becroft, 1994). Resolution of MHS after successful prenatal treatment of the fetal hydrops has been described. Duthie and Walkinshaw (1995) reported on a pregnancy complicated by fetal and maternal hydrops due to Parvovirus infection with severe fetal anaemia. Intra-uterine transfusion resulted in quick recovery of both fetus and mother. Heyborne and Chism (2000) performed


Using two weeks of daily whiteboard snapshots and interviews, we describe patterns of whiteboard use in individual offices. First, we profile four study participants highlighting the different tasks carried out on whiteboards, how physical placement and social factors bias whiteboard use and some of the features people want in next-generation whiteboards. Following these profiles, we detail our observations: how users manage space on the whiteboard, what tasks they use the whiteboard for and how other people influence their whiteboard use. We close by describing what users want in future whiteboard interfaces including how the virtual space should be organized and how the whiteboard should connect with desktop computer tools.


The mouse-like rodents, inhabiting natural and anthropogenic biocenoses, are sources and distributors of various helminth infections, including syphaciosis. Currently, more than ten species of nematodes of the genus Syphacia are registered in mouse-like rodents. Syphacia exhibit narrow, guest specificity, parasitizing, as a rule, in one or three species of mouse-like rodents. The main sources of infection of rodents by these nematodes are vegetable feed, soil, forest litter. We have presented long-term (2000-2018) results of helminthological studies of mouse-like rodents, conducted in the Voronezh Reserve. At present, in the territory of mouse-like rodents, 5 species of Syphacia are registered: Syphacia agraria, S. obvelata, S. nigeriana, S. petrusewiczi, S. stroma. Taxonomic diagnosis of nematodes was carried out taking into account the guest specificity, localization in the host intestine, morphometric data, and also taking into account the structural features of the nematode head end. Nematodes of syphacia are noted in 7 host species: Mus musculus, Apodemus agrarius, Sylvemus flavicollis, Sylvemus uralensis, Myodes glareolus, Microtus agrestis, Microtus arvalis. The extensiveness of invasion ranges from 6 to 51% (on average, 30%).The study area is located in a densely populated region of the Central Black Earth region of Russia. Here, at the junction of natural and anthropogenic ecosystems, mouse-like rodents are a significant source of parasitic pollution. With a high number of rodents and high extensiveness of invasion by nematodes p. Syphacia, there is a significant accumulation of invasive beginning in the external environment, which increases the epidemiological and epizootological risks of this helminthiasis.


During the process of design and development of the powered support with large mining height more than 6m, by using CAE technology to simulation and analyze of the test, potential problems of the powered support could be found, the structure and strength of key parts could be improved, and the reliability of the the powered support was increased. In this paper, whole model of powered support with large mining height was established, and the ANSYS was used to simulate test analysis. We found that there is too large stress and obvious stress concentration in the debris shield of powered support. Through repeated structural improvement and simulation test analysis, the reasonable structure of the debris shield was determined. The reformed debris shield demonstrates significantly improvement of the stress situation, and the strength optimization was achieved. This ensure the reliability of the powered support with large mining height.


The euphoria of President Clinton's inauguration has yet to be transmuted into specific policies, and it is not clear how federal policy on education will shape up under the first Democratic administration for many years. In any event, federal policy is one thing, state policy another; and still another is that of the individual school district, or even an individual school for that matter, since 'site‐based management' has combined with the 'school restructuring' movement to give a measure of autonomy to some schools.


The distribution and occurrence of dictyostelid cellular slime moulds (dictyostelids) in agricultural soils was investigated in two plots (one with tilled soil and the other with untilled soil) on the Arkansas Agricultural Research and Extension Center at Fayetteville in northwestern Arkansas. Both the percentage of samples yielding dictyostelids and the number of colonies per gram of wet soil were higher in the plot with untilled soil. Just two species of dictyostelids (Dictyostelium giganteum and D. sphaerocephalum) were recovered from the two plots. Only D. sphaerocephalum, a species often associated with disturbed soils, was present in the plot with tilled soil. Both species were present in the plot with untilled soil, but D. giganteum was much more abundant and represented 84% of all colonies recovered from this plot.


I recently published a long article discussing a variety of topics from Joseph Raz's The Morality of Freedom. The article was part of a symposium on Raz's work in the Southern California Law Review . Raz responded to the articles in that symposium, including my own. From a perspective which surveys the whole range of views on political philosophy, Raz's view and mine look very similar. Even so, we find many things to disagree about, which neither of us would regard as merely matters of detail. For the most part, we at least share a common understanding of our disagreements. But there is one set of issues we disagree about and where we seem to lack even a common understanding of the disagreement. These are issues about how authoritative directives function as reasons for action, and about whether, when we follow authority in the proper way, we can be said to "obey" it.


An NMR spectrometer system is described which incorporates the use of magnetic field modulation for the simultaneous purpose of baseline stabilization and stabilization of the resonance condition. Several other modulation techniques are briefly described.


ΑΝΤΙΚEΙΜEΝΟ ΤΗΣ ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΗΣ ΥΠΗΡΞE Η ΜEΛEΤΗ ΚΑΙ ΑΝΤΙΜEΤΩΠΙΣΗ 64 ΠEΡΙΣΤΑΤΙΚΩΝ ΚΑΛΟΗΘΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΚΑΚΟΗΘΩΝ ΠΡΩΤΟΠΑΘΩΝ ΟΓΚΩΝ ΤΟΥ ΘΩΡΑΚΙΚΟΥ ΤΟΙΧΩΜΑΤΟΣ ΠΟΥ ΑΝΤΙΜEΤΩΠΙΣΑΜEΤΟ ΔΙΑΣΤΗΜΑ 1984-1993. ΤΟ ΓEΓΟΝΟΣ ΟΤΙ Η ΚΑΚΟΗΘEΙΑ ΑΦΟΡΟΥΣE ΚΥΡΙΑ ΤΙΣ ΓΥΝΑΙΚEΣ, EΝΩ ΣΥΝΟΛΙΚΑ ΤΑ 2/3 ΤΩΝ ΟΓΚΩΝ ΤΩΝ ΠΛEΥΡΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΤΟΥ ΣΤEΡΝΟΥ EΜΦΑΝΙΖΟΝΤΑΙ ΣE ΑΝΔΡEΣ ΣΥΜΦΩΝEΙ ΜE ΤΗΝ ΔΙEΘΝΗ ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ. Ο ΠΟΝΟΣ, Ο ΣΥΝΔΥΑΣΜΟΣ ΠΟΝΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΔΙΟΓΚΩΣΗΣ ΣΤΗΝ ΠEΡΙΟΧΗ ΠΟΥ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΣΣEΤΑΙ Ο ΟΓΚΟΣ ΗΤΑΝ ΤΑ ΚΥΡΙΑ ΚΛΙΝΙΚΑ EΥΡΗΜΑΤΑ EΝΩΣE ΟΡΙΣΜEΝEΣ ΠEΡΙΠΤΩΣEΙΣ Η EΝΤΟΠΙΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΟΓΚΟΥ ΗΤΑΝ ΤΥΧΑΙΟ ΑΚΤΙΝΟΛΟΓΙΚΟ EΥΡΗΜΑ. ΜEΡΟΣ ΑΣΘEΝΩΝ ΑΝEΦEΡE ΠΑΛΑΙΑ ΚΑΚΩΣΗ ΣΤΟ ΘΩΡΑΚΙΚΟ ΤΟΙΧΩΜΑ ΣΤΟΙΧEΙΟ ΠΟΥ EΝΟΧΟΠΟΙEΙΤΑΙ ΣΑΝ ΠΑΡΑΓΟΝΤΑΣ ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΙΑΣ ΟΓΚΟΥ Η ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤEΙ ΑΛΛΟΝ ΑΣΥΜΠΤΩΜΑΤΙΚΟ. Η ΑΚΤΙΝΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ EΞEΤΑΣΗ ΑΠΟΤEΛEΙ ΤΗΝ ΒΑΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΔΙΑΓΝΩΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΠΡΟΣEΓΓΙΣΗΣ EΝΩ ΒΟΗΘΟΥΝ ΟΙ ΝEΩΤEΡEΣ ΑΠEΙΚΟΝΙΣΤΙΚEΣ ΜEΘΟΔΟΙ. Η ΣΥΜΒΟΛΗ ΤΗΣ ΙΣΤΟΛΟΓΙΚΗΣ EΞEΤΑΣΗΣ ΚΡΙΝEΤΑΙ ΘEΜEΛΙΩΔΗΣ EΞΑΣΦΑΛΙΖΟΝΤΑΣ EΠΙΤΥΧΙΑ ΣΤΗ ΣΧEΔΙΑΖΟΜEΝΗ ΘEΡΑΠEΙΑ. Η ΤΟΠΙΚΗ EΞΑΙΡEΣΗ ΤΩΝ ΚΑΛΟΗΘΩΝ ΟΓΚΩΝ ΚΑΙ Η EΥΡEΙΑ EΚΤΟΜΗ ΤΩΝ ΚΑΚΟΗΘΩΝ ΜE Η ΧΩΡΙΣ ΤΟΠΟΘEΤΗΣΗ ΣΥΝΘEΤΙΚΩΝ ΥΛΙΚΩΝ ΓΙΑ ΤΗΝ ΑΠΟΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΤΟΙΧΩΜΑΤΟΣ ΑΠΟΤEΛEΙ ΤΗ ΒΑΣΗ ΓΙΑΤΗΝ ΧEΙΡΟΥΡΓΙΚΗ ΑΝΤΙΜEΤΩΠΙΣΗ ΟΛΩΝ ΤΩΝ ΠEΡΙΣΤΑΤΙΚΩΝ.%%%%THE OBJECT OF THE THESIS WAS THE STUDY AND SURGICAL TREATMENT OF 64 CASES OF PRIMARY CHEST WALL TUMORS (SOFT TISSUE, RIBS, STERNUM) THAT HAD TO BE TREATED IN THE 1ST SOCIAL SERVICES HOSPITAL (IKA) OF ATHENS DURING 1984-1993. THE MAIN SYMPTOMS WERE LOCAL PAIN AND/OR A MASS IN THE CHEST WALL, ALTHOUGH 1/3 OF OUR PATIENTS APPEARED WITH NO SYMPTOMS. THE MAJORITY OF THE MALES PRESENTED WITH BENIGN LESIONS, FEMALES WERE MOSTLY IN THE MALIGNANT SIDE. SPECIAL RADIOGRAPHICTECHNIQUES MAY HELP TO DEFINE THE DIAGNOSTIC POSSIBILITIES AND THE EXTENT OF LOCAL INVOLVEMENT. SINCE AT LEAST HALF OF THE PRIMARY RIB TUMORS AND VIRTUALLY ALL OF THE STERNAL TUMORS ARE MALIGNANT, EARLY DIAGNOSIS IS ESSENTIAL. ALSO THESE PROBLEMS DEMAND PROMPT INVESTIGATION AND ACCURATE TISSUE DIAGNOSIS SURGICAL RESECTION REMAINS THE MAIN STAY FOR THE TREATMENT OF MOST TUMORS OF THE CHEST WALL. THE EXTENSION OF SURGERY DEPENDS ON THE BENIGNITY OR MALIGNANCY OFTHE TUMOR. LOCAL EXCISION IS ENOUGH FOR BENIGN SOFT TISSUE TUMORS, WIDE RESECTION IS REQUIRED FOR THE MALIGNANT ONES. COMPLETE EXCISION INCLUDING THE TUMOR CARRYING RIB IS ADVOCATED FOR ALL BENIGN RIB TUMORS BECAUSE OF THE HIGH RECURRENCE RATE AND POTENTIAL MALIGNANCY. WIDE ENBLOCK RESECTION INCLUDING 2-4 RIBS ARE USED IN THE MALIGNANTOCASSIONS. THE USE OF MESHES (GORE TEC, MARLEX, METHYLMETHACRYLATE ETC) IS HELPFUL TO ELIMINATE THE POST-RESECTION GAP.


The effect of the amplitude of the current modulation on experimental second derivative spectra measured using a tunable diode laser spectrometer is discussed. Spectra with adequate signal/noise ratios can only be measured when the amplitude of the modulation is about equal to the half width at half height. Two parameters, the distance between the zero crossings and the ratio of the minimal and maximal excursions, may be fit to an empirical hypersurface to obtain values for the peak absorbance, the actual half width and the collision-broadened half width. Although the peak absorbance is not accurately calculated, the line widths appear to be calculated to at least the same accuracy that can be obtained from the single-beam absorption spectrum.


Group activities in the daily lives are very popular,so the information service provider for group is required to be solved.It is difficult for Web service selection to be larger group scale and hybrid QoS model.Based on hybrid QoS model and learned from multi-attribute decision theory,big group-oriented Web service selection algorithm is presented.It includes five main steps:determining group preference,calculating weighted cluster weights,constructing cluster weighted normalized decision-making matrix,determining the positive-ideal and negative-ideal solution,calculating close-degree.Other contribution is a Web service QoS model to describe QoS information with real numbers,interval numbers and intuitionistic fuzzy numbers.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can solve the problem of hybrid QoS-aware big group-oriented Web service selection very well.


This report covers female sterilizations in Notre-Dame Hospital in Montreal from the first sterilizations done in the French sector of Canada in 1967 through 1971. Initially each case was reviewed by 2 gynecologists the physicians from each pertinent department and a hospital committee but after 1970 only by the gynecologist and the department head. Sterilizations increased from 25 in 1967 151 in 1968 317 in 1969 355 in 1970 to 520 in 1971 when sterilizations made up 25% of major gynecologic operations. Patients have averaged 33.1-34.9 years old in these years with 5-7.7 pregnancies and 4-5.8 children. Most common indications were inability to use contraceptives (51%) psychiatric (19%) hypertension or renal disease (14%) circulatory disease (13%); psychosocial or genetic indications were rare. The techniques most often used were Irving procedure in the 1960s and abdominal or vaginal fimbriectomy in the 1970s.


ABSTRACT The electricity grid is susceptible to numerous threats, especially severe weather events that have the potential to cause large-scale power outages. This has resulted in an increased emphasis on resilience against these events. Microgrids, small standalone power grids that have the ability to function independently from the greater electricity grid, have significant potential to improve response to environmental and anthropogenic crises. The vast majority of extant microgrids are generally small in scale, and operated under a conventional model of single operator, owner, and user. We argue that the ultimate potential of this approach will be in the development of multi-stakeholder microgrids which can combine a diversity of renewable and conventional power resources to respond to environmental hazards. The addition of stakeholders allows for increased diversification of generation sources, economies of scale, and other increased operational benefits and opportunities. However, there are significant challenges that arise with the additional layer of stakeholders in terms of governance, cost, and technical operations that can cause the multi-stakeholder model to be more difficult to implement. We develop the case for multi-stakeholder microgrids as a response to environmental hazards, and outline the challenges and questions facing the development of this form of microgrid.


Introduction Early phases of the imaging proj ect examined the potential for enhancement of the Archimedean text through the use of narrowband multisp ectral imaging techniques. This w ork involved the use of narrow band filters in the light path to allow a series of na rrowband images to be collected. The RIT-Xerox t eam employed a compute r-driven liquid crystal tunable f ilter (LCTF), under computer control, to achieve images in very na rrow (~ 10nm) wavelength bands spanning the visible spectrum (roughly 400 nm – 700 nm). Analysis of these data resulted in several findings that guided subsequent imaging e fforts. It was noted that: (i) High spectral resolution greatly aided the use of traditional spectral domain image analysis techniques, such as principal components analysis (PCA) and variants. (ii) The introduction of f ilters into the optical path reduced the spatial resolution of the acquired images. The LCTF, a sophisticated dev ice with active optical elements, resulted in a marked reduction in resolution while the simple glass filters only modestly reduced resolution.


Given mounting pressures on Medicaid programs and new health insurance products, physicians must retain the flexibility to make their own business decisions and not be required to accept payments for their services that do not meet their costs.


The work consists of five sections, of which the fifth is the translation, made from the punctuated text of the Chung hua shu chii edition of the Han shu, and taking account of the glosses therein of Yen Shih-ku and others. The first of the four introductory sections considers the importance of Tung Chung-shu and the problem of his writings, and indicates the urgent need for an exhaustive textual inquiry into the Ch'un ch'iu fan lu. The second is concerned with that aspect of New Text Confucianism which was responsible for its victory, namely its Yin Yang teachings, together with the origin and absorption into Confucian dogma of this school of thought. The third considers the victory itself and examines Tung Chung-shu's part in it, which has hitherto been somewhat exaggerated. The fourth section is a specific introduction to the Han shu biography and the following translation of the three memorials. There is a bibliography of works quoted, and a list of Chinese characters.


Introduction: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare cardiac ion channelopathy. The aim of this study is to examine the genetic basis and identify predictive factors for arrhythmic outcomes of CPVT patients from China. Methods: PubMed and MedRxiv were systematically searched for case reports or case series reporting on CPVT patients from China. Clinical characteristics, genetic findings and primary outcome of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) were analyzed. Results: A total of 56 (median presentation age=9 [6-13] years old) patients were included. All patients except for one presented at or before 19 years of age. Fifty-three patients (94.6%) were initially symptomatic. PVCs were present in 40 out of 45 patients (88.9%) and VT in 51 out of 56 patients (91.1%). Genetic tests were performed in 50 patients (89.3%). RyR2, CASQ2 and TERCL mutations were found in 32 (57.1%), 11 (19.6%) and one (0.02%) patients, respectively. Fifty patients were treated with beta-blockers, eight patients received flecainide, four patients received amiodarone, two received verapamil and one received propafenone. Sympathectomy (n=10) and implantable-cardioverter defibrillator implantation (n=7) were performed. On follow-up, 17 patients developed incident VT/VF. Conclusion: This is the first systemic review and meta-analysis of CPVT patients from China. Most patients had symptoms on initial presentation, and around a third had VT as the presenting complaint. RyR2 mutation accounts for more than half of the CPVT cases, followed by CASQ2 and TERCL mutations. Some of these mutations have not been hitherto reported outside of China. Most patients received β-blocker therapy. Around 18% had sympathectomy and 13% had ICDs implanted.


The induced rototranslational absorption spectra of H2 and D2 dissolved in argon have been measured at T = 165 K at different densities up to about 650 amagats. These new and accurate measurements allow us to derive reliable experimental profiles for the single rotational line. From the induced dipole moment autocorrelation function as obtained from the experimental profile, we have derived a characteristic time suitable to parametrize the density narrowing of the spectral lines. We show how using this new analysis we can solve the inconsistencies and the ambiguity found in previous works on the narrowing effect. The main features of the narrowing phenomena are discussed with the help of simple models.


Reliability and resolution are the two main attributes of forecast systems. These attributes statistically relate the performance of a forecast system to verifying data in an abstract sense. Forecast attributes have been separately defined in the literature for systems that generate forecasts of particular formats or types. In this chapter, statistical reliability and resolution are defined in a general sense, irrespective of the type or format of a forecast. Statistical reliability is concerned only with the form of forecasts, whereas statistical resolution is concerned only with the predictive capability of a forecast system, related to the time evolution of the system that is being forecast. The two main attributes are independent characteristics of a forecast system and can be quantitatively assessed by a host of different verification measures. The general definition of forecast attributes allows a systematic discussion of the relationship between the verification and calibration of forecasts. Calibration as defined here is an adjustment of the form of the forecasts, to match the distribution of verifying observations that follow the issuance of forecasts of a particular form. Resolution, as the inherent predictive value of forecast systems, is the attribute most sought after by developers of forecast systems. Reliability, however, is equally important in real world applications. That calls for the generation of a long enough record of hindcasts to allow for a good calibration of forecasts, or, preferably, for improvements in forecast systems that directly lead to better reliability.


The invention relates to a lighting device (1), comprising: a AC / DC step-down converter (3), comprising: -an input interface (11, 12) of alternating voltage, and an output interface (13,14); -a light-emitting diode (21) connected between terminals of the output interface; -a resistor connected to form a voltage divider with the light emitting diode with respect to a voltage applied to the input interface; -a voltage regulating circuit; -ladite resistor including a first transistor heterojunction field effect transistor (301) and the control circuit including a second heterojunction transistor (304) field effect transistor, the first and second transistors having a GaN layer, an AlGaN layer , and an electron gas at the interface between these layers, the light emitting diode being formed on said layer of AlGaN.


Several investigators report a distinction between inward (withdrawn, somaticizing, fearful) behavior and outward (antisocial, hostile, aggressive) behavior. The present study was designed to clarify the relationship between type of coping behavior and locus of control (i.e., the attribution of causality to internal vs. external factors) for children aged 4 to 12 years. Two locus of control (LOC) instruments were administered—the Nowicki-Strickland and a new measure which distinguished between LOC for desirable and undesirable events. Measures of coping behavior were completed by parents. Results indicated that the new LOC scale related to type of coping behavior: external LOC children tended to have a greater proportion of inward behavior. Furthermore, desirable-event items were better able to distinguish between inward and outward behavior than were undesirable-event items. The Nowicki-Strickland scale was significantly correlated with the new scale, but not with coping behavior. Replication of the findings was obtained in a subsequent study. Discussion centered on the relationship between generalized perceptions of control and situationally manipulated perceptions of control, and differences between perceptions of control involved in inward and outward behavior.


Background:  Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is an easy to use analgesic intervention. However, long‐term randomized placebo‐controlled studies with treatment periods of more than 3 months have not been executed to date. The aim of our study is to explore the long‐term (1 year) time course of the treatment effects of TENS compared to placebo (sham TENS).