Cholera toxin(CT) secreted by Vibrio cholerae is a heat-labile enterotoxin and is also an exceptionally potent mucosal immunogen.CT has also been found to be a strong adjuvant for many coadministered antigens,making it one of the most intensively studied mucosal adjuvants.Although CT is a powerful mucosal adjuvant,its toxicity is likely to preclude usage in human vaccines.Many studies have sought to separate CT's adjuvanticity from its toxicity;one way to do so is through the adjuvanticity of its subunits.A problem hampering mucosal vaccines is the weak immunogenicity of many antigens,causing the vaccine to fail to stimulate an effective immune response.This phenomenon is related to immune tolerance,and use of CT as a mucosal adjuvant will eliminate tolerance to the co-immunogen.


The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) will provide unprecedented instantaneous and integrated luminosities. The CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) will face a challenging environment at the HL-LHC: higher event pileup, higher radiation levels for the crystals and photo-detectors, and a higher rate of anomalous signals from the Avalanche Photodiodes (APDs) used for the light readout in the ECAL Barrel. A redesign of the ECAL electronics (including an increase in trigger rate and latency) is planned in order to mitigate these challenges and to maintain the excellent physics performance of the detector.


A limulus lysate assay was performed on cervical secretions from 66 women. When secretions were tested at a 1/100 dilution the assay gave a positive result in 15 (62 507o) of 24 patients with gonorrhoea confirmed by Gram-stained smear or culture or both. When secretions from seven of the nine remaining patients who had gonorrhoea but negative results to the limulus lysate test were retested at a 1/50 dilution, two gave a positive result, increasing the positivity rate of the test to 17 (70 80Vo) of 24 infected patients. Material from one patient with a history of contact with gonorrhoea and from three (73 1%) of the other 41 patients without any history of gonorrhoea gave positive reactions.


The network-tank operation system is a complicated system.The study of this system is actually a complicated problem-solving procedure,and the Agent technique supplies the problem-solving method of modularity and abstraction for this.The network-tank op-eration system is divided into parts in the way of "modularity",a setup structure based on multi-agent system(MAS) of the operation system is put forward,and five types of cooperative Agents in the system is established: The commanding and decision-making Agent,the partial coordination and controlling Agent,the troop unit-level coordination and controlling Agent,the system reconfiguration Agent and evaluating Agent,and an analysis are given for the system.


[1] Interannual changes of springtime ozone over the Arctic follow from anomalous transport and chemical depletion, two mechanisms that control the wintertime increase of ozone. Attempts to disentangle these contributions to anomalous ozone rest upon the isolation of air over the Arctic. To elucidate changes of Arctic ozone between warm and cold winters, their latitude-height structure is investigated in the solar backscatterd ultraviolet record and then related to contemporaneous changes of dynamical structure in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction record. Structural differences between warm and cold winters imply a major contribution to anomalous Arctic ozone from horizontal transport. Anomalous isentropic mixing by planetary waves appears conspicuously in the structure of March ozone, which has been driven into coincidence with θ surfaces following warm winters but remains deflected across them following cold winters. In concert with anomalous downwelling of ozone-rich air, this mechanism accounts for at least two thirds of the observed deficit of springtime ozone over the Arctic following cold winters. About half of the observed deficit during March is erased during April, when weakening of the vortex following cold winters eventually opens the Arctic to isentropic mixing by planetary waves. Delayed relative to warm winters, isentropic mixing during cold winters ultimately leads to much the same ozone structure. This significantly reduces the anomaly between warm and cold winters from that found a month earlier. The observed reduction is consistent with the estimated contribution to anomalous Arctic ozone from isentropic mixing.


Easily lead to turbine generator rotor moisture moisture in the environment or long after the outage,the rotor insulation is reduced,affecting the normal operation of the unit.In this paper,based on the structural characteristics of turbine generator rotor,the reason of damp is analyzed and judged,and introduces a new drying method in the treatment of generator rotor damp defective,convenient,safe and reliable,has good effect.


Objective To observe the clinical effect of compound dan-shen root dripped pill on unstable angina pectoris,electrocardiograph and lipids.Methods Seventy patients with unstable angina pectoris were randomized into two groups:the therapy group(36 cases) and the control group(34 cases).The control group received conventional antianginal drugs and the therapy group received conventional antianginal drugs plus compound dan-shen root dripped pill.Results The remission of symptoms,the amelioration of electrocardiograph and the reduction of lipids in the therapy group were better than those in the control group(P0.05) and the side effect was less.Conclusion Compound dan-shen root dripped pill is an effective antianginal drug with little side effect.


Significance Bacteria are hidden forces of nature. For example, Geobacter bacteria play important roles in geochemistry by reducing metals in the environment. Scientists also are exploring the application of these bacteria toward toxic metal remediation and as "living batteries" that can generate electricity from biowaste. However, there is limited understanding of the signaling pathways that regulate this extracellular metal-reducing activity. Here we have discovered that Geobacter sulfurreducens use riboswitch sensors for a signaling molecule called cAG to regulate this process, which is an unexpected finding because cAG was previously associated only with pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, we have adapted the riboswitch to generate a fluorescent biosensor that can be used to visualize cAG signaling in live bacteria. Cyclic dinucleotides are an expanding class of signaling molecules that control many aspects of bacterial physiology. A synthase for cyclic AMP-GMP (cAG, also referenced as 3′-5′, 3′-5′ cGAMP) called DncV is associated with hyperinfectivity of Vibrio cholerae but has not been found in many bacteria, raising questions about the prevalence and function of cAG signaling. We have discovered that the environmental bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens produces cAG and uses a subset of GEMM-I class riboswitches (GEMM-Ib, Genes for the Environment, Membranes, and Motility) as specific receptors for cAG. GEMM-Ib riboswitches regulate genes associated with extracellular electron transfer; thus cAG signaling may control aspects of bacterial electrophysiology. These findings expand the role of cAG beyond organisms that harbor DncV and beyond pathogenesis to microbial geochemistry, which is important to environmental remediation and microbial fuel cell development. Finally, we have developed an RNA-based fluorescent biosensor for live-cell imaging of cAG. This selective, genetically encodable biosensor will be useful to probe the biochemistry and cell biology of cAG signaling in diverse bacteria.


(57) a surface plasmon resonance apparatus 1 for detecting Abstract Soluble and / or analytes of particulate, a prism sensor 2 comprising a sensor surface 3 which is metallized can bind an analyte, the sensor surface It comprises a laser 10 for supplying a beam 4 for directing the three. Detector 5 can detect light 6 reflected internally from the sensor surface 3 is provided. Displacing means comprises a transducer 8 and the mirror 9 7, the sensor surface 3, is operable to displace the excitation beam 4 over a range of angles the A. Analyte sample 15 is placed on the metal sensor 3. Detector 5 is used to analyze the optical signal 6 which is internally reflected from the sensor surface 3, as a result, the sample 15 is analyzed. Mirror 17, video camera system 16 including a microscope objective lens 18 and CCD (charge coupled device) array 19 is used to detect the scattered light emitted from the upper surface of the sensor surface 3.


246 • cid 2021:72 (15 January) • EDITORIAL COMMENTARY Received 31 December 2019; editorial decision 3 January 2020; accepted 13 January 2020; published online January 14, 2020. Correspondence: N. E. Babady, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 327 E 64th St, New York, NY 10065 (babadyn@ mskcc.org). Clinical Infectious Diseases 2021;72(2):246–8 © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa041 Clinical Metagenomics for Bloodstream Infections: Is the Juice Worth the Squeeze?


ObjectiveThe objective of this case series was to determine if severe phantom limb pain could be reduced with oral methadone. DesignFour cases of phantom limb pain refractory to multiple treatment modalities were treated with oral methadone. SettingPain clinic at a major university medical center. PatientsFour patients with severe, intractable phantom limb pain. InterventionOral methadone was administered, starting with a low dose of 2 to 5 mg twice a day or three times a day and slowly titrated upward to achieve pain relief. Outcome MeasuresRepeated administration of a visual analog scale for pain. Results and ConclusionsAdministration of oral methadone may be of value in the treatment of phantom limb pain; controlled clinical trials would be appropriate to verify this observation.


Thermography is a highly beneficial non-invasive and non-contact tool that finds applications in various fields, such as building inspection, industrial equipment monitoring, quality control, and medical evaluations. Analyzing the surface temperature of an object at different points in time, and under varying conditions, can help detect defects, cracks, and anomalies in industry components. In this study, we propose a framework for reproducible and quantitative measurement of surface temperature changes over time using thermal 3D models created with low-cost and portable devices. We present the application of this framework in two cases: to analyze temperature changes over time in a plastic container and to analyze temperature changes before and after medical treatment of a chronic wound. The results on a plastic container and on a chronic wound, show that our approach for multi-temporal registration of thermal 3D models could be a cost-effective and practical solution for studying temperature changes in various applications.


Objective: The study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of orally administered misoprostol versus intravenous ergometrine (stored at tropical temperatures) in the prevention of primary postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) among parturients undergoing vaginal delivery in a teaching hospital. Study Design: A double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. One hundred and fifty parturients were offered 400 ug misoprostol and an intravenous placebo for the management of the third stage of labor while another 150 parturients received oral placebo and 0.5 mg intravenous ergometrine. Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence of PPH (blood loss > 500 ml) between the two groups: 8 (5.3%) for the misoprostol group compared with 7 (4.7%) for the ergometrine group (P = 0.79, relative risk (RR) = 1.07, confidence interval (CI): 0.66–1.74). The incidence of severe PPH (blood loss > 1000 ml) was similar between the two groups: 2 (1.3%) in the misoprostol group compared with 1 (0.7%) in the ergometrine group. Similarly, the indices of postpartum blood loss (hematocrit change, need for blood transfusion, and surgical intervention) were comparable between the two groups. A subgroup analysis of high-risk parturients revealed comparable indices. The misoprostol group, however, had a significantly higher risk of shivering in the early postpartum period (P = 0.00, RR = 2.01, CI: 1.69–2.38). Conclusions: The results suggest that oral misoprostol has comparable efficacy to intravenous ergometrine at tropical conditions in the prevention of PPH. However, in view of its easier mode of administration, oral misoprostol may be preferable in rural situations in Africa.


1* Nowadays, the prediction of promoters has attracted many researchers' attention. Because, the number of DNA sequences has been growing fast since the beginning of the Human Genome Program (HGP) and so it becomes increasingly important to automate the identification of functional elements, such as coding region, genomic region or promoters. Promoters are regulatory regions that govern the expression of genes, and their prediction is reputed difficult, so that this issue is still open. In this study, we employIREM (Inductive Rule Extraction Method) classifier to predict promoters of DNA sequences, and evaluate their performances.The obtained results show that the classifier competes the existing techniques for identifyingpromoter regions.


Based on the way of mathematics education,the integration of the history of mathematics and mathematics education were discussed.The three level of the application of the history of mathematics on mathematics education and the way of mathematics education based on the history and logic of mathematical thought were put forward.At the same time,we pointed out that the essence of the mathematics education was that we should develop our students learn four how's,that was "How to bring forward mathematical problems,How to think about mathematical problems,how to solve mathematical problems,and how to express mathematical problems".


A purpose of work experimental estimation of efficiency of introduction a method of forming integral thought on lessons of «Health basis». By research were overcame two groups: experimental in amount 327 persons and control 351. The components, criteria, indexes and levels of formed healthcare competence of initial school students were defined. After the experimental lesson conductions the students had a large concentration of attention, personal interest to implementation of tasks, increase of motivation to the study of the subject of «Health basis». It was found a positive dynamics of health indexes and healthcare competence, which specifies on expedience of introduction of lessons with the use of method of forming integral thought in other subjects of educational cycle of initial school.


Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous Gram-positive facultative intracellular food-borne pathogen that causes invasive listeriosis that is an uncommon infection. There are some high-risk groups of individuals, which include the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women and their neonates. Because of its clinical severity and the high rate of fatality, listeriosis is an infection of considerable public health concern. The invasive illness, which clinical manifestations include meningitis, encephalitis, late-term spontaneous abortion, and septicemia, although rare has a high fatality rate, between 20 and 30 %. In Portugal the available data of cases of listeriosis are limited as it is not a notifiable disease and is likely to be under-reported.


The University of Maryland Electron Ring (UMER), designed for studies of space-charge dominated beam transport in a strong focusing lattice, is nearing completion. UMER models, for example, the recirculator machine envisioned as a possible driver for heavy-ion inertial fusion. The UMER lattice consists of 36 FODO periods distributed among 18, 20/spl deg/-bending sections containing two dipole magnets each. The main diagnostics are phosphor screens and capacitive beam position monitors placed at the center of each bending section. In addition, pepper-pot and slit-wire emittance meters, as well as an energy analyzer are in operation. We present here results of beam matching and characterization for a range of currents extending from about 1 mA to 100 mA, all at 10 keV and 100 ns pulse duration. With typical focusing given by /spl sigma//sub 0/=76, the zero-current betatron phase advance per period, the range of currents corresponds to tune depressions of 0.8 to 0.2. This range covers both the emittance dominated and extreme space-charge dominated regimes, which is unprecedented for a circular machine.


Synopsis--Problems involved in the safety testing of cosmetic chemicals for SKIN IRRITANCY are discussed with reference to ANIMAL and HUMAN STUDIES. A survey of the literature shows that no single test is adequate to detect all skin irritants to man but that the PATCH TEST PROCEDURE firstly in animals and subsequently in man is the most suitable screening method. Test compounds should be applied to areas of intact and abraded skin under open and occlusive conditions. HISTOLOGICAL EXAMINATION of treated skin is advisable in animal studies to detect changes not visible to the naked eye. TAPE STRIPPING may be useful in human studies where histology is not possible. DYE EXTRAVASATION techniques for tissue injury are insufficiently sensitive. Although some methods for demonstration of the function of skin APPENDAGES were considered, they have not been used sufficiently to establish their value for use in routine studies.


Organization of campsites construction for auto tourists in Russia is an effective means of ensuring their rest and sleep during travel. Formation of normative and methodological support of campsites fire safety should take into account not only security, but also meet consumers' motivation to visit them. The authors examine conditions and requirements for the infrastructure of campsites and their localization, as well as methods of fire risk assessment in camping. They propose camping localization techniques and expert evaluation of fire risk in them.


Field study was conducted at Agricultural Research Institute Tarnab, Peshawar during Kharif 2007 to investigate the effectiveness of various weed control measures in maize crop. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design, having eight treatments and four replications. The treatments were wheat straw, saw dust, polyethylene (white), polyethylene (black), newspaper, Primextra Gold 720SC @1.0 lit ha -1 , hand weeding and weedy check were also included in the studies. Data were recorded on number of kernels cob -1 , 100-kernel weight (g), biological yield of maize (t ha -1 ) and grain yield (t ha -1 ). For controlling weeds, the maximum grain yield was recorded in Primextra Gold 720SC, polyethylene (black), hand weeding and polyethylene (white) with grain yield of 2.98, 2.48, 2.06 and 2.03 t ha -1 , respectively. Minimum yield (1.36 t ha -1 ) was recorded in the weedy check plots.


The spectrum of electromagnetic radiation of a relativistic electron moving in the magnetic field oscillating in two mutually transversal spatial directions with two different frequencies is analytically investigated. The spectral properties of radiation in the planar biharmonic undulator are also discussed. The technique based on the associated Bessel functions was effectively applied in our calculations. The effect of the magnetic field and the undulator parameters on the radiation of the fundamental as well as low and high harmonics was elucidated. It is demonstrated that the biharmonic undulator can be exploited to regulate the emission of certain selected harmonics and hence contribute to the development of the efficient devices with high extraction and narrow spectrum.


Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a type of blood cancer resulting from an
abnormal proliferation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow. Recent advancement in
the understanding of the molecular basis in AML has brought more focus towards
identification of novel and specific therapeutic targets (Tallman. Gilliland and Rowe,
2005). Molecular markers that arc commonly observed in AML arc evident on the
cytogenetic level and in certain oncogenes such as ras. (Haferlach, 2008; Gregory el
al, 2009). However, isolated mutations do not usually lead directly to AML. It
normally requires a cooperating mutation to cause a progression into AML and the
combination of mutations varies from patient to patient (Kim et al. 2008). There are 3
major classes of mutations in AML that have been categorized according to the
implications of the different types of mutations existent within aftccted blood cells
(llaferlach, 2008). The tirst category. class I, interferes with diftcrentiation or
maturation of the myeloid cells, blocking the cell progression which leads to an
abnormal influx of immature and non - functional blood cells in the circulatory
system. The second category, class II mutations are activating mutations that would
increase the cell's ability to proliferate. a common feature of tumors and cancer cells.
The third category, class Ill mutations, generally affects genes that are heavily
involved in cell cycle regulation or apoptosis.


PNR-32. UPDATE OF DIAGNOSTICS OF PRIMITIVE NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOURS OF THE CNS NEUROPATHOLOGICAL RE-EVALUATION OF 99 CASES Torsten Pietsch1, Dominique Figarella-Branger2, Cynthia Hawkins3, Felice Giangaspero4, Thomas S. Jacques5, Marco Gessi1, Peter Burger6, Christine Haberler7, and for the Internatonal CNS-PNET working group1; University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; University of Marseille, Marseille, France; The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; University of Rome, Rome, Italy; University of London, London, UK; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA; University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Recent analysis of tumours historically diagnosed as CNS-PNET by epigenetic profiling has led to the hypothesis that such cases may represent morphological mimics of CNS-PNET but can be largely assigned to other tumour entities, and that CNS-PNET are frequently misclassified by neuropathological diagnostics. As part of an international effort to collect and re-analyze CNS-PNET, 99 tumours diagnosed as CNS-PNET or pineoblastoma in the last 2 decades in 9 European countries were reviewed according to today's standards of neuropathological diagnostics. 46% of cases were confirmed as CNS-PNET; of these, 68% were diagnosed as ETMR (including ependymoblastoma/ medulloepithelioma), and 32% as other CNS-PNET (CNS-PNET, NOS (n 1⁄4 11), CNSneuroblastoma (n 1⁄4 3) and CNS-ganglioneuroblastoma (n 1⁄4 2)). 54% of tumours were defined as other entities includingpineal parenchymal tumours (pineoblastoma/PPID; n 1⁄4 12), (anaplastic) ependymomas (n 1⁄4 7), PXA (n 1⁄4 2), diffuse high-grade gliomas (n 1⁄4 15), ATRT (n 1⁄4 3), mesenchymal tumours /sarcomas (n 1⁄4 7), germ cell tumour (n 1⁄4 1) and medulloblastoma (n 1⁄4 1), and 5 tumours were not classifiable, mostly because of insufficient biopsy material. A marker panel was defined for an optimized approach for the assessment of CNS-PNETs and tumours mimicking these neoplasms in routine neuropathological diagnostic workup. This study shows that (1) today's diagnostic repertoire allows assignment of CNS-PNET cases, and (2) retrospective cohorts treated in neuro-oncological studies have to be re-analyzed to allow meaningful conclusions on effectiveness of specific treatment modalities. This cohort will be used to cross-validate assignment to tumour entities by epigenetic profiling and the associated clinical datawill be re-analyzed inan internationalmeta-analysis. Supported by the German Children's Cancer Foundation. Neuro-Oncology 18:iii7–iii15, 2016. doi:10.1093/neuonc/now067.27 #The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com.


Because of its importance as a language used for global communication, English is taught from lower level to the higher level of school in Indonesia. It needs a support to enhance the automotive engineering students' English skill. But in doing it, there is no guideline to help the students learn English in an organized way. So, the researcher tries to develop English material for automotive engineering.
In the process of material development, the researcher adapts ADDIE development model. First step is need analysis in which the researcher analyzes the students' need by giving questionnaire and doing interview to the students and the teacher. Second step is creating design instruction in which the researcher makes a syllabus and draft of the English material based on the result of needs analysis. Third, the researcher starts to develop automotive engineering material based on the draft. Fourth step is validating the module to the experts which the researcher gives the module to the expert to be validated. Fifth step is do try-out in which the researcher conducts it to the automotive engineering students. Sixth step is the researcher revises the module based on the suggestion of the experts and the comment of automotive engineering students. The last step is the final product in which the product is ready used as guideline.
In developing English material in this study uses content based instruction approach and using more exercise for better practical strategy. There are three chapters in the module, they are; "Firstly, Open the Oil Drain Plug!", How To Be A Good Technicians", and "Job Interview" chapters. The first chapter covers the general information about reparation and maintenance a car. Then, the second chapter covers the information about the way to be a good technician. The third chapter covers the information about job description especially for automotive engineering major. This English module also contains user preface, exercises, and explanations of the material, answer key, evaluation, and also references.
The researcher hopes that this module gives advantage to automotive engineering student. For the students, this module can be used as English guideline. For the teacher, this English module can be used to teach English for automotive engineering students in an organized way. For the further researcher, the researcher suggests that the further researcher encloses explanation of special automotive term.


Purpose: This article follows up "Collaborating communities: the RDA experience and its implications for common information environments", published in 2007 in the proceedings of the 11th seminar on Archives, Libraries, Museums held in Poreč, Croatia. That paper was written before the publication of RDA: Resource Description and Access, the successor to the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR). The article outlines what has happened since, with a focus on the development of RDA in collaboration with related standards groups.Methodology/approach: This is a chronological review of the development of documents, which lead to the publication of RDA. Cooperation and harmonization of description of information objects among different concerned communities is also presented.Research limitations: The thorough review of RDA and related documents covers the period from 2008 to 2018.Originality/Practical implications: The strategic development of RDA is dependent on continuing collaboration with international communities, cultural heritage communities, and linked data communities. All of these communities have a strong interest in linked open data and the Semantic Web, and RDA has played a significant role in initiating and stimulating collaborative development of library and cultural heritage metadata in RDF format.


Catalogue of the Arabic manuscripts in the Hellmut Ritter Microfilm Collection of the Uppsala University Library : including later accessions / edited by Mikael Persenius ; preface by Tryggve Kronholm


This paper describes how there is a growing interest in modeling the choices made by air travelers. However, these choices are complex and many studies do not do that complexity justice. This chapter takes another look at the different choices made by an air passenger for a single journey and discusses ways of modeling these processes. The author makes a number of recommendations for good practice and also highlights a number of issues that need to be dealt with by the analysts. Finally, the paper presents an application that makes use of state-of-the-art modeling techniques in an air travel behavior context.


The spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW) technique is a nondestructive method that makes use of propagating elastic surface wave measurements to determine in situ stiffness profiles in pavement systems. Successful application of this promising technique has been limited however, ostensibly because of the complexity of the wave propagation, signal processing and analysis. In an effort to improve the understanding of the SASW technique and the underlying wave propagation, a rigorous wave propagation model was recently developed. This model can accurately predict the wave propagation response at a point on the surface of a layered structure. In this paper, the model is introduced. Then, this wave propagation model is used to simulate SASW dispersion data for a layered structure. The simulated dispersion curve data are compared to expected limit values. Discrepancies between the existing SASW analysis approach and that obtained by the wave propagation model at low frequencies are discussed.


to weakly serrulate leaves with well-delimited alar parts consisting of many rather homogeneous, subquadrate to rectangular cells. Because of the exceedingly variable character of H. cupressiforme, more than 60 varietal taxa were described in the world. As a result of my study of this complicated species complex, however, 9 varietal forms were recognized as good except the following 4 taxa which had been treated by some authors as a variety of H. cupressiforme but should be regarded as independent species: H. imponens Hedw., H. jutlandicum Holm. et Warncke (= H. cupressiforme var. ericetorum B.S.G.), H. mammillatum (Brid.) Loeske and H. uncinulatum Jur. (= H. canariense (Mitt) Jaeg., H. cupressiforme var lauri Brid.) (Ando 1985, 1989). Of the 25 specimens studied 19 have been identified as var. cupressiforme, one as var. lacunosum, one as var. mossmanianum and 4 as var. townsendii, the last being an undescribed taxon.


cooperative interaction between them. Two other high-affinity sites for ca2+ include one endothermic and the other exothermic, again with positive cooperative interaction. The binding constant for Ca2+ at the four sites has been verified by a competitive binding assay, where CaBP competes with a chrornophoric chelator 5, 5' Br2 BAPTA to bind ca2+. The enthalpy of titration of magnesium in the absence of calcium is single state and endothermic in nature. In the case of titra- tions performed using protein pre-saturated with magnesium, the amount of heat produced is altered. Further, the interaction between the high-affinity sites changes to negative cooperativ-552 ity. No absorption of heat was ob\erved throughout the addition of magnesium in the prcscnce of I mM calcium. Titrations performed on a cleaved peptide compl-king the N-terminus and the central linker show the existence ollwo Ca"i-pecific sites. Thcse rcrults indicate that this CaBp has one high-affinity ~a'+-~g*+ site. one high-affinity c?-specific rlte and two low- affinity c$+-specific sites. The therlnodynamic parameters of the b~nding of these metal lolls were used to elucidate the energetics at the individual site(s) and the interactions involved thcrein at various concentrations of the denaturant. guanidioe hydrochloride (Gdnl-ICI) ranging frorn 0.05 to 6.5 m.' Unfolding of the pmtcin was also momtored by t~tration calor~meiry as a funclion ol the concentration or the denaturant. These data show that at a GdnllCI concentration of 0.25 M, the binding affinity for the ~ g " ion IS lost and there are only two sites which can bind to Ca", w~th substantial loss of cooperativity. At concentratio~is beyond 2.5-M GdnACI, at which the unfolding of the tertiary structure of this protein is observed by near UV CD spectroscopy, the binding of ~ a " ions is lost. We thus show that the domain containmg the two low-affinity 4tcs is thc first to unfold in the presence of GdnHC1. Control experiments with change in ionic strength by the addition of KC1 in the range of 0.25 to 1M show tlie existencc of four sites with nltcrcd ion-binding paranieters. Equilib~ium denaturation studies on both thc apo and holo forms oithis protein indicate the plesence oC stable ~rans~tiorr intermediates at low denaturant concerrtrauons which eshihn an ability to hind to thc no~i-specific hydrophobic dye ANS." The hydrodynamic p~operlies of these ~ntermediates have been fwther examined using me-exclus~on chromatography. The association and dissociation rates of metal ion-binding as well as denaturation in the presence of the GdnlIC1 for native protein in the apo and holo forins have been characterized hy stopped flow kinetica, employing the inlrinsic tylosine fl~~urescence ol' this protcin. Furthermore. the preferential binding of Gdnt ions lo thc cation-binding sitcs in the N-tenninal domain md its influence 011 the behavior of thc EF hand sites on the C-terminal domain have heco exuminetl using ITC. CaBP was cry.;valliaed using the hanging drop mcthod with 2-mcthylpentan 2-4-d~ol (MPD) as [he precipitant.' X-ray diffract~on data have been collected on these crystals using an MAR imagmg plate demtor system attached to a Kigaku RU200 rotatlng anode X-ray genera- tor. The crystals belong to the hexagonal space group P6122 with unit cell dimenbion of u = b = 96.21 A, c = 65.48 A. Preliminary molecular replacement computat~ons sug, -ect . that the struclurc ol this proteul is likely to be similar lo that or Calinodulin (CAM), the notable difference being the relative orientation of the two domains. Studies on the interface mutants of TS and TIM were carried out with a view lo understand the structural determinants of dimer stability. Three mutants. two of TS (R178F and R218K) and one of TIM (Y74C). were examined. The crystal structures of the R17XF mutant oTTS and the Y74C mutant oi TIM were determined. The R218K mutant oI'TS failed to crystallize. The significance of two intelface residues in the structural integrity of the TS dimcric slate was investigated by thermal and chcmical denaturation.%hile R178F mutant showed appar-ent terms of mutational effccts on the folded and unfolded state of the molecule. Evidence is pro- vided for the utility of site-speclfic amino-acid substitutions in identifying regions of TS involved in non-native protein association. These results may have general implications for mu- tational studies on multisubunit proteins. The phenomena of unit cell transformation upon radiation exposure in TS crystals was ex- amined using crystals of the RI 78F mutant.' Some crystal forms of TS exhibit unlt cell transformation upon exposure to X-ray radiation. These forms, all of which occur in the space group PG122, show an elongation in the 'c' cell dimension, which in son~e cases stabilize to a constant cell dimension upon prolonged exposure. We present here an analysis of the possible causes of this transformation based on the crystal structures that we have obtained for two crystal forms of the R178F rnutant of this enzyme. These structures have been compared with crystal structures having intermediate cell dimensions reported in the literature. We present differences in the crystal slructures of transformed and untransformed forms. The transforma- tion appears to occur by a concerted change in the packaging of molecules in the unit cell and minor changes in regions of the n~olecule which participate in the intersubunit contacts. The crystal structure of the Y74C mutant of TIM^ helps to analyse the effects of crosslink- ing mutations in the protein interface in the case of multimeric proteins. An intersubunit disulfide bridge was introduced across the interface of the dimeric enzyme. This was achieved by mutating a tyrosine residuc at position 74 to a cysteine thereby enabling it to form a covalent crosslink with a native cysteine at position 13 of the other monomer. The bis-oxidized form of the mutant was found to be less active than the native enzyme, but had similar stability as that of the wild type. The reduced form of the mutant was much less stable. The crystal structure of the mutant offers insights into the role of the interfacial cavities and the role of disulfide tether-ing in restoring protein stability. Lhe complete nuclcotide sequence of the NS3 gene of P20778 was deter- mined and the length of the gene was found to bc 1857 nucleotide\. NS3 consensus-region primers may he used for JEV detection by RT-PCR. The novel exprcasiou slnilegy used in this study can be applied to express other genes in which a stem-and-loop struclure is involved In the inhihiti011 of translation initiation. This strategy is testcd and validated by the demonstra- tion of the proteoiytic activity of the P20778 prolcase. This study demonstrated lor the first time the actwity of bacterially expressed JEV protease. concerted efforl on R&D on ceramic pigments. The solid-state preparative method employed by the industry for the ceramic pigments requires high temperature (100&.1400°C), long (several hours to days) and use of mineralizers to facilitate the reaction. The end products arc usually coarse, compositionally inhomogeneous and as such are unsuit-able for application. They require further processing produce fine powders. the con- ventional ceramic method of preparation of fine ceramic pigaments is tedious, energy-intensive, time-consuming and expensive. Over and above, to strict environmental legisla- tion, some pigments and processes currently in use are on the verge of being phased out. scarcity consequent high price of transition metal compounds like those of co- n~ndc pigment prohibitive. the use of such be optimized. there is considerable incentive to explore alternative routes which would be shorter, low-temperature initiated, simple, cost-effective and nonvitiating for the synthesis of fine ceramic pigments. Low-temperature chemical methods (Chimie Douce) have been devel- oped to overcome these limitations of the conventional solid-state method. These include sol-gel,1 coprecipitntion.' aerosol hydrolysis3 etc. These gynthetic methods are quite intricate, re- quire long processing times, costly chemicals and elaborate experimental set-up. Muthimrn:m rf ol..' l w c employed novel solution combustion method to synthesize zirco- nia-based fine pigmcnta. It is essentially a low-temperature initiated, self-propagating, gas pro-ducing, exothermic rcdox reaction involving metal nitrates and an organic fuel like urea. The utility of the icchniquc hiis already been demonstrated in the synthesis of a variety of high surface area, h e oxides ranging from alumina to zirconia.' The present study aims at the synthe- sis of some industrially important fine ceramic pigments based on alumina, alummates, ho-rates, cerin, chromites, silicates and zirconia by novel combustion process, investigate their particulate propcrtics like agglomerate size, surface area, etc., investigate the effect of processing parameters like nature of fuel, precursors and extra oxidizers on the colour and particulate properties of combustion-derived ceramic pigments and to correlate the colours of cobalt (11) ceramic pigments and the cool-dination compounds of cobalt (11) ions in solution. of mineralizers and requires no elaborate set-up. Being a solution process, homogeneity, purity and molecular-level doping of colorants in the inorganic oxide matrices are achieved. and are mimotopes of the native sequence in the receptor.' Thermodynamic studies between the HlPPENIFPLE peptide and the GCC : BIO mono- clonal antibody using isothermal titration calorimetry showed that the interaction is exothermic and is associated with large changes in heat capacity.~ssociation was favoured at lower tem- pemtures and involved hydrophobic forces. The dissociation constant was determined to be M. The studies reported in this work constitute the generation of some important tools for GCC receptor studies, in addition to characterizati


Sandwich structures are ideal for application as energy-absorbing railcar and bus body elements. A special sandwich design consisting of phenolic resin outer layers and a core of phenolic resin foam tied together with tubular GRP elements can be reproducibly manufactured and appears to meet high crash requirements.


Owing to the troubles occurring in the application of drilling fluid using xanthan gum as tackfier in Maikeba oilfield and its higher cost,hence the selection of types and dosage of dimethyl silicone oil,silica,emulsifiers and so on have been optimized in the lab,the silicone emulsion defoamer HXP-3 has been devised successfully.The defoamer has good anti-foaming and foam-suppressing properties,not only for ordinary drilling fluid,but also for xanthan gum containing drilling fluid.Compared with the domestic similar products,HXP-3 also own obvious advantage in rheology,stability and anti-foaming.The defoamer has been used successively in the offshore oil field of Maikeba,Jianghan Oilfield and Jidong Oilfield,better results and economic benefits had been achieved.


In the composition of the Parliament of the Republic of North Macedonia, there are three commissions that are responsible for different areas and are directly related to security: the most important one: The Commission for Defense and Security, as well as the Commission for Supervision over the work of the National Security Agency and the Intelligence Agency and lastly, Commission for supervision over the implementation of communications monitoring measures. The constitutional power possessed by the Parliament, as well as its role in the improvement of laws during the parliamentary procedure, is the main factor with which significant changes can be made, which would have a positive impact on the regulation of the area of security. Experts would make an additional positive contribution here, especially those who gained their experience outside the country and who would pass their positive experiences to us. We should not overlook the fact that the more developed countries have invested much more than us in the field of security, especially the EU member states that mutually exchange experiences and knowledge and when it comes to security act as one entity composed of a large number of experts. Looking at the current geopolitical movements, maintaining security in the future will be a challenge, especially for the weaker countries, which can be the target of various means that would violate their general security and thus the trust of the citizens towards the institutions. The often-emphasized meritocracy rather than partocracy as well as giving opportunity to distinguished experts and zero tolerance for mistakes and failures in the security sector would be key to success. It should be taken into consideration that positive results do not come in an instant, but security threats can come at any moment.


Chemistry is traditionally perceived as difficult to comprehend. Its mastery requires that a variety of concepts be linked to form an organized knowledge system. The connections need to be made not only between the concepts associated with the macroscopic level of the chemistry triplet but also between the submicroscopic and symbolic levels. Many factors influence a learner's success in bridging concepts between these levels. In this study, the aim was to identify and examine the changes in general chemistry students' knowledge structures by utilizing Word Association Tests. Although many studies have examined knowledge structures and aspects of the chemistry triplet, almost none has considered both at the same time. This study highlights the interconnectedness between the chemistry triplet and changing knowledge structures in overall student populations and in high- and low-achieving students. It provides insights on why students fail to understand chemistry and suggests ideas for future research as limiting factors were noted.


Rationale: With the rapid progression of the COVID-19 pandemic, the need to provide clear and trusted information to school children all over the world is paramount, especially in light of conflicting information from social media. As such, an interactive curriculum, moderated by health care professionals, has been created to teach the basics of COVID-19 to students across the world. In this abstract, we discuss the development and challenges of implementing such a curriculum for Sudanese students. Method: Through the collaboration of Medicine for the Greater Good and Johns Hopkins Health Education and Training Corps, a curriculum with four main sessions was initially developed in English. Online training workshops were held for undergraduate college students, medical students, residents, and nurses who volunteered to teach the curriculum to schools through an online teleconference platform. The main themes of the sessions were: (1) the biology of the virus, (2) understanding pandemic mathematical models, (3) the physics of face masks, and (4) hand hygiene. Each session is divided into three sections: a PowerPoint presentation, a hands-on activity, and a question and answer session. Given the limited access to the internet in Sudanese classrooms and a low percentage of students with personal computers, we implemented a "teach the teacher" model where the curriculum was converted to Arabic and taught to Sudanese teachers and health-care professionals. Results:Since the inception of the project, six undergraduates and medical residents who are fluent in both Arabic and English have been recruited and trained to provide COVID-19 relevant health information in Arabic to Sudanese teachers and health-care professionals with the aim of giving the lectures in person in Sudanese classrooms with the appropriate precautions. The project started with schools in Khartoum with plans to subsequently expand to neighboring regions. From the first "teach the teacher" session, we received favorable feedback with 100% of the participants agreeing that this project is beneficial for Sudanese youth. Further feedback will be gathered through multiple choice questions directed at school children and teachers. Conclusion: A well-tested and engaging curriculum is urgently needed in Sudan, as COVID-19 cases increase and vaccine distribution is unlikely to reach the African subcontinent before mid-to late 2021. This project highlights the creation, challenges, and implementation of a curriculum that aims to ease the uncertainty of the pandemic and promote scientific evidence related to disease prevention through meaningful, personal interactions with healthcare professionals in a low-resource setting.


The article deals with the actions carried out by local actors in the rural area of the Selva, in the Peruvian region of Loreto, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. From this, it is proposed to learn some lessons that will help improve the responses and/or actions in other rural areas of the country, to which the virus is gradually reaching.


A relatively new technique termed In situ Powder Metallurgy (IPM) was utilized for processing of Al6061-Al2O3 powder mixtures. In this technique a mixture of specified amounts of alumina particles and aluminum alloy melt, is stirred via an impeller at a certain temperature for a predetermined time. The kinetic energy of the impeller is transferred to the melt via the non-wetting alumina particles and results in melt disintegration. The liquid droplets created by this process are then solidified upon cooling the blend resulting in a mixture of Al alloy powders and alumina particles. This mixture can be subsequently used as a feedstock for preparation of Al-Al2O3 composites via the standard powder metallurgy methods. In the present study the effect of stirring time (4-10 min) and temperature (710 and 780 °C) on the size distribution of the powder mixture is investigated. It is concluded that the morphology of Al powders is not affected by the processing time or temperature and the finest powder particles are produced after stirring at temperatures of 710 °C for 8 minutes.


The crossed and comparative tests are carri ed out to optimize the hardening heat treatment of Cu14AlX aluminum alloy. It is found out that the rank of primary and secondary influencing factors of the alum inum alloy's hardening is quenching temperature, aging holding time, aging temp erature, and quenching holding time. Through oil quenching at 840~880 ℃ in co m pany with aging at 570~600 ℃, the aluminum bronze acquires the sharpest hardne ss of HRC48.2. The dispersion of κ phases and decreasing of grain size of γ2 phases result in the hardening of the alumiunm bronze.


Fatigue cracking is one of the major distresses in asphalt pavements. The AASHTO·T321 protocol for fatigue characterization using third point loading of a beam is popular in the engineering community due to its simple nature. This protocol requires testing specimens to failure under several strain levels using flexural fatigue loading. The specimen is considered to have failed when the stiffness of the beam is fifty percent of the undamaged stiffness. Empirical models relating initial tensile strain to number of cycles to failure have been developed through regression analysis. Asphalt concrete is viscoelastic in nature, so fatigue relationships developed are dependent on factors like loading rate, loading history, testing temperature, healing and aging. This article presents a critical evaluation of characteristic damage curves obtained from beam fatigue testing using viscoelastic continuum damage mechanics approach. Fatigue test data from one 12.5 mm nominal maximum aggregate size mixture and four 19.0 mm nominal maximum aggregate size asphalt concrete mixtures with different binder grades were used for the analysis. The statistical analysis indicates that there exists a unique relationship between the flexural pseudostiffness and amount of damage in the specimen. A point of inflection was found in the damage characteristic curve beyond which the material loses its structural integrity at a faster rate. It was observed that normalized pseudostiffness at this inflection point is dependent on mixture properties (like binder grade, nominal maximum aggregate size) and testing temperature.


Model is the basis of the control, and in order to achieve the autonomous navigation of podded propulsion unmanned surface vehicle, its model is determined to be the beginning of all the work. The research object of this paper is Dalian Maritime University "Lanxin" podded propulsion unmanned surface vehicle. In practical engineering applications, the response model is often used to design ship controller. So first of all, for "Lanxin" unmanned surface vehicle, the MMG model of three DOF is simplified as a response model by force analysis and conditional hypothesis. Subsequently, the field experiments (turning experiment and zig-zag experiment) are executed to collect the experimental data. Then turning experiment data and zig-zag experiment data are used to identify the response model parameters by recursive least square method, respectively. Finally the correctness of the identification results are verified by simulation. Simulation results show that the identification result of zig-zag experiment data is more close to the reality than the identification result of turning experiment data, which it proves the correctness of modeling and the feasibility of identification scheme.


On October 30, 2009, the China Growth Enterprise Market was officially listed, mainly to provide financing channels for startup companies. Compared with the main board market, the Growth Enterprise Market market tends to have more relaxed listing requirements. It can be said that the Growth Enterprise Market is a stock market with low barriers to entry, high risk, and strict supervision. It is also a cradle for incubating entrepreneurial and growing companies. However, the scale of GEM companies is not large, and their operating performance is unstable, resulting in greater stock risks. Therefore, the research on GEM stock risks is particularly important. However, domestic research on the factors affecting the risk of Growth Enterprise Market is insufficient and cannot provide guidance for risk avoidance. The influencing factors of stock risk are divided into macro and micro aspects. In order to study some of the factors that affect the risk of the Growth Enterprise Market, this paper analyses the relationship between the risk of the Growth Enterprise Market market and the business conditions. This article selects the data of the Growth Enterprise Market stocks in 2019, uses factor analysis to comprehensively study the operating conditions of the enterprise, and calculates the stock risk, and uses regression analysis to get the relationship between the two. After research, the risks of Growth Enterprise Market stocks are positively correlated with the operating risks of listed companies. While studying the characteristics of the Growth Enterprise Market, this article provides a reference for estimating the risks of the Growth Enterprise Market market and uses the Growth Enterprise Market data to provide a reference for the study of science and technology stocks. According to the research, the government should strengthen the regulation of information disclosure on the Growth Enterprise Market, and at the same time strictly supervise the Growth Enterprise Market, to provide investors and enterprises with a better investment environment.


Increasing the number of daily steps by using a pedometer and a diary leads to an activity increase and improved health outcomes in a variety of somatic disorders. Hence, for the inpatient treatment of depression, supervised exercise interventions are more widespread. We aim to examine if a self‐managed pedometer intervention (PI) with the option of being proceeded after discharge leads to reduction of depression and to a physical activity (PA) increase.


Background: in this era, depression is one of the most prevalent mental disorders and a general problem of the human life. It is reported that each year, at least one million people develop depression, all over the world. In Iran, depression consists 35 to 45% of mental disorders. This percentage is increasing day by day and it is necessary to find new solutions to prevent and treat this problem. Music therapy is one of the non-medical approaches for treatment of depressed patients, since rhythmic tone of Quran and its pleasant recitation is known as a mystic music, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of the Quran recitation and teachings on depression reduction in female students of Torbat-e-Heidariye University. The study method is correlational and it was performed on 100 female students of Torbat-e-Heidariye University in 2013. The sample was chosen via simple sampling method and divided to the experimental and control groups. The subjects filled Beck depression questionnaire and obtained data was analyses using SPSS-18 software, as well as, Spearman coefficient correlation and T variance analysis. P<0.05 was considered as significant. Results showed that recitation of the Quran affected depression (p<=%5) and the mean of difference of depression scores obtained before and after the intervention was higher in the experimental group compared to the control group(T=6.360 ). Conclusion : according to the findings of the present study, since rhythmic and pleasant recitation of the Quran is a sweet music and the verbal miracle of the Quran, the Quran recitation and its miraculous teachings can be used as an effective non-medical approach to treat depressed patients.


Bivariate polynomials over triangular domains arewidely in use for the definition ofsurfaces that are continuously differentiable across a set of triangles.A description is given of how explicit formulas for the coefficients ofbivariate nonic polynomials can be found with the help of a computeralgebra system. A linear system with 55 equations and 45 nonzero righthand sides must be solved algebraically. The interpolant is twicedifferentiable across triangle sides and based on function values andpartial derivatives up to fourth order at the nodes. Horner's scheme forevaluating polynomials can be applied directly, leading to optimalefficiency during the evaluation phase (54 additions and multiplicationsfor one point). Starting with transformed nodal data, the calculation ofone set of coefficients takes about 350 additions, the same number ofmultiplications, and 30 divisions.
—Author's Abstract


We concluded the operative cooperation of 43 patients with juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.We thought that the effective measures of treating juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is to give submucosa injection with quantitation and point of division with α-interferon according to the children's physiology characteristic during the operation.Careful preoperative preparation,proficient intraoperative cooperation and respiratory management are the key points of improving operation quality,prolonging operation interval,reducing frequency of operation and the long-term complication.


Moore's Law is a concept that notes the doubling of the number of transistors on a microchip around every two years, resulting in exponential advancement in computing power and diminishing costs. However, as transistor sizes have approached the physical limits of silicon-based technology, maintaining this pace of growth has become increasingly challenging. As a result, researchers have been exploring alternative solutions, such as System-in-package(SiP), Chiplets, Non-volatile memory, Biocomputing, quantum computing, and photonics. While these technologies are still in the early stages of development, they offer promising solutions to the challenges facing the continued growth of computing power. As we continue to explore new avenues for technological advancement, we may find that Moore's Law continues to hold true in unexpected and exciting ways.


To the extent that applications of computer science have always lead to a replacement of analogue by digital media and processes, digital media and processing models have an increasing impact also on traditional work flows based on analogue media in the humanities and social sciences. The interdisciplinary combination of methods from computer science and traditional humanities with large amounts of digital data and advanced tools for processing these is commonly known as eHumanities [Ca05]. In a broad sense, eHumanities are concerned with any digitized data that are subject to investigation in the humanities and the social sciences, e.g. text, images, and objects (such as in Archeology). However, focusing on text as the main data type in the text oriented humanities helps to highlight the benefit that can be gained from the combination of digital document collections and new analysis tools derived from the area of information retrieval and text mining. Thereby all kinds of historically oriented text sciences as well as all sciences that work with historical or present day texts and documents are enabled to ask completely new questions and deal with text in a new manner. In detail, these methods concern, amongst others, • The qualitative improvement of the digital sources (standardization of spelling and spelling correction, unambiguous identification of authors and sources, marking of quotes and references, temporal classification of texts, etc.); • The quantity and structure of sources that can be processed (processing of very large amounts of text, structuring by time, place, authors, contents and topics, comments from colleagues and other editions, etc.); • The kind and quality of the analysis (broad data driven studies, strict bottom-up approach by using text mining tools, integration of community networking approaches). To use such computational methods, an individual researcher can proceed by employing two strategies depending on his, or her, own degree of computer literacy. On the one hand, there is the individual software approach. Given a selection of digital text data, the research question is being transferred into a set of issues and methods that can be dealt


Objective
To understand the role of leptospiral lipopolysaccharide (L-LPS) in inducing human monocytes or mouse mononuclear-macrophages to produce inflammatory cytokines and to analyze the infiltration of peripheral blood-derived mononuclear-macrophages in mice with Leptospira interrogans (L.interrogans) infection.

Methods
Phenol-water method was used to extract L-LPS from L.interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar Lai strain Lai. The endotoxic activity of L-LPS was determined by using limulus test. Cytokine antibody array was used to detect the cytokines produced by human THP-1 monocytes or mouse J774A.1 mononuclear-macrophages after treatment with L-LPS or infection with L.interrogans strain Lai. The infiltration of peripheral blood-derived mononuclear-macrophages in lung, liver and kidney tissues, and the cytokines in serum samples collected from L.interrogans strain Lai-infected C3H/HeJ mice were detected by immunohistochemical examination using HRP-labeled peripheral blood-derived mononuclear-macrophage-specific antibody against CD68 and cytokine antibody array, respectively.

Results
The activity of L-LPS was about 1/5 of that of Escherichia coli LPS (E-LPS) with respect to solidifying limulus amebocyte lysate. Treating THP-1 and J774A.1 cells with L-LPS significantly increased the production of 29 and 9 cytokines (P<0.05 or P<0.01), respectively, including the major proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α and multiple chemokines of mononuclear-macrophages. The results of cytokine detection in the supernatants of L.interrogans-infected cells and the serum samples collected from L.interrogans-infected mice were similar to those in L-LPS-treated cells. A great number of peripheral blood-derived mononuclear-macrophages were presented in the lung, liver and kidney tissues of the infected mice after infection with the L.interrogans strain Lai.

Conclusion
L-LPS played a critical role in inducing the expression of multiple inflammatory cytokines by mononuclear-macrophages and in promoting the expression of mononuclear-macrophage chemokines. Mononuclear-macrophages were the major inflammatory cells infiltrating the viscera of L.interrogans-infected mice.

Key words:
Leptospira interrogans; Lipopolysaccharide; Inflammatory cytokine; Mononuclear-macrophage; Infiltration


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the peculiarities of human resource management (HRM) practices in Kazakh firms and identify the factors that influence them. Attention is paid to analysis of the country-specific environment, which shapes the peculiarities of HRM and provides discussion on the respective Westernization or localization perspectives.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper argues that HRM practices are influenced by a number of factors, some of which are rather specific to Kazakhstan and some are common in a Commonwealth of Independent States' context. The study uses exploratory research which includes the conduction of a survey, consisting of blocks of questions, for data collection.

Findings
The results show that despite dynamic economic growth of Kazakhstan's economy, HRM practices are still in transition from those of Soviet heritage to ones that exist in Western multinational corporations. They cannot fully match the country's needs for HRM development. Several recommendations for the future development of HRM in Kazakhstan are made.

Originality/value
The study examines the adaptation of HRM practices to the business environment in Kazakhstan.


Neuroinflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) are characterized by focal regions of demyelination and axonal loss associated with infiltrating T cells. However, the role of activated T cells in causing neuronal injury remains unclear. CD4 and CD8 T cells were isolated from normal donors and polyclonally activated using plate‐bound anti‐CD3 and soluble anti‐CD28. The conditioned T cell supernatants caused toxicity to cultured human fetal neurons, which could be blocked by immunodepleting the supernatants of granzyme B (GrB). Recombinant GrB also caused toxicity in neurons by caspase‐dependent pathways but no toxicity was seen in astrocytes. The neurotoxicity was independent of perforin and could not be blocked by mannose‐6‐phosphate. However, GrB‐induced neurotoxicity was sensitive to pertussis toxin, implicating the stimulation of Giα protein‐coupled receptors. GrB caused a decrease in cAMP levels but only modest increases in intracellular calcium. The effect on intracellular calcium could be markedly potentiated by stromal‐derived factor 1α. GrB‐induced neurotoxicity could also be blocked by vitamin E and a neuroimmu‐nophilin ligand. In conclusion, GrB may be an important mediator of neuronal injury in T cell‐mediated neuroinflammatory disorders.—Wang, T., Allie, R., Conant, K., Haughey, N., Turchan‐Chelowo, J., Hahn, K., Rosen, A., Steiner, J., Keswani, S., Jones, M., Calabresi, P. A., and Nath, A. Granzyme B mediates neurotoxicity through a G‐protein coupled receptor. FASEB J. 20, E390–E398 (2006)


Problem statement: In this research the researchers studied and made an analysis to the heat and mass transfer characteristics in a viscous fluid over a semi-infinite vertical porous plate by taking into account the variable viscosity, chemical reaction and thermal stratification effects. Approach: The governing partial differential equations were transformed into a set of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations, which were solved numerically using the R.K. Gill method along with the shooting technique. Results: Numerical results were presented for the distribution of velocity, temperature and concentration profiles within the boundary layer. Conclusion: The effects of different thermo physical parameters like variation in viscosity due to temperature, chemical reaction parameter on the dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration profiles were examined.


the hydrogen gas bubbles trapped in radioactive model a material approach incorporate generation by several physical phenomena and scale the aforementioned rates in a manner that allows calculation of the final hydrogen composition. The proposed model accounted for the following physical phenomena.


People in the Job Today How the Job Evolved A Look at Job Conditions School Boards Partners or Adversaries? Politics The Center of Activity Decision-Making Influences Problems Seen by Superintendents Work Lives of Urban Superintendents Rewards and Frustrations Career Effects on Personal Life and Commitment to the Job Thoughts on School Reform and Busing The Present and Future Challenges Ahead


Holster (100) against bedbugs for a mattress (101), said mattress six sides, said sheath comprising: i. a fabric cover (102) sized to surround the six sides of a mattress, said cover being formed by an impenetrable bedbugs fabric; ii. an opening (103) formed in said cover and which is sized for receiving the mattress; iii. a mechanism for sliding seal (111) disposed in said opening (103) and operable to close said opening after receiving the mattress, it said mechanism comprising: (a) a head fastener (120); and (b) a pair of tracks fastener (121, 123) with a longitudinal axis; iv. a barrier (140) extending a distance along said tracks fastener (121, 123), said barrier (140) opposite said tracks fastener (121, 123) being disposed; v. stitches (160, 162) securing said barrier (140) relative to said tracks fastener (121, 123), said stitches with respect to each side of said longitudinal axis of said tracks fastener (121 , 123), said stitches being formed to prevent the passage of bed bug across said stitching (160, 162); and I saw. a channel (151) between said barrier (140) and said tracks fastener (121, 123), said channel formed by said stitching (160, 162), said barrier (140) and said tracks fastener being ( 121, 123), receiving said channel (151) slidably a portion of said head of fastener (120) and becoming said channel (151) in a channel (151) closed when said tracks fastener (121, 123) are coupled together; wherein said channel (151) has a confined space of a size to prevent displacement of bedbugs along the channel (151).


The question as to whether the distribution of radio loudness in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is actually bimodal has been discussed extensively in the literature. Furthermore, there have been claims that radio loudness depends on black hole mass (MBH) and Eddington ratio (Lbol/LEdd). We investigate these claims using the low-redshift broad line AGN sample of Greene & Ho, which consists of 8434 objects at z < 0.35 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Fourth Data Release (SDSS DR4). We obtained radio fluxes from the Very Large Array Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-centimeters (FIRST) survey for the SDSS AGN. Out of the 8434 SDSS AGNs, 821 have corresponding observed radio fluxes in the FIRST survey. We calculated the radio-loudness parameter () for all objects above the FIRST detection limit (1 mJy), and an upper limit to for the undetected objects. Using these data, the question of radio bimodality is investigated for different subsets of the total sample. We find no clear demarcation between the radio loud (RL; > 10) and radio quiet ( < 10) objects, but instead fill in a more radio-intermediate population in a continuous fashion for all subsamples. We find that 4.7% of the AGNs in the flux-limited subsample are RL based on core radio emission alone. We calculate the radio-loud fraction (RLF) as both a function of MBH and Lbol/LEdd. The RLF decreases (from 13% to 2%) as Lbol/LEdd increases over 2.5 orders of magnitude. The RLF is nearly constant (∼5%) over four decades in MBH, except for an increase at MBH > 108 M☉. We find for the FIRST detected subsample that 367 of the RL AGNs have MBH < 108 M☉, a large enough number to indicate that RL AGNs are not a product of only the most massive black holes in the local universe.


The construction technology and the quality controd key of the bank protection of the soft fascine mattress are stated.It introduced the quality evaluation method of unit engineering.The under standing was put forword on the quality checking method.


The National Synchrotron Radiation Centre Solaris, Krakow, Poland has been successfully built in collaboration with several institutes and organizations. The MAX IV Laboratory, Lund, Sweden and ElettraSincrotrone, Trieste, Italy, are the most important synchrotron partners. Solaris has built, as an adaptation of MAX IV, 1.5 GeV storage ring and linear accelerator based on the same components, therefore the device server for the magnet circuit has been developed by MAX IV. Ramping was included in expert consultancy services contract won by Elettra-Sincrotrone. Solving problem with the power supplies stability and thanks to snapshots usage as steps for the ramping it was possible to ramp the beam without losing current linearly.


Modified electronic voice encoder /Vocoder/ includes an independent analog mode of operation in addition to the conventional digital mode. The Vocoder is a bandwidth compression equipment that permits voice transmission over channels, having only a fraction of the bandwidth required for conventional telephone-quality speech transmission.


Foster Hirsch. Love, Sex, Death and the Meaning of Life: Woody Allen's Comedy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1981. 231 pp. Eric Lax. On Being Funny : Woody Allen and Comedy. New York : Manor Books, 1977. 242 pp. James Monaco. American Film Now. New York : Oxford University Press, 1979. 540 pp. Maurice Yacowar. Loser Take All: The Comic Art of Woody Allen. New York : Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1979. 243 pp. In his American Film Now, James Monaco advances the not too startling thesis that Hollywood has become big business. Sophisticated marketing techniques package artists and ideas. Talent comes to fruition by following a circuitous route through the many subsidiaries of interlocking conglomer- ates. Ultimately, the independents become less so. Monaco's Hollywood, like his diagrammatic presentation of the importance of various film artists, is a Copernican solar system. Some stars illuminate; most simply revolve around the centers of power and influence. Some spin off from the centers; others fall into them.


We document widespread use of rice fields by the globally endangered Australian Painted Snipe (Rostratula australis), highlighting the potential for 'wildlife-friendly' food production in Australia. A total of 44 Australian Painted Snipe from five of 93 surveyed rice field study sites, and an additional 43 Australian Painted Snipe from three other rice fields, were recorded during the 2012-2013 rice-growing season in the Riverina region of New South Wales. The overall total of 87 birds at these eight widely distributed sites was likely to be indicative of at least several hundred Australian Painted Snipe using the 113 500 ha of rice fields during the period, particularly given the limited survey effort. This is remarkable given the most recent estimate of total population size for the species ranges only from 1 000 to 2 500 birds. The birds were primarily recorded using the shallow edges of rice fields, along banks and channels. Future research should focus on (1) determining if significant numbers of Australian Painted Snipe use rice fields regularly, (2) whether or not rice fields provide suboptimal habitat, (3) the extent to which Australian Painted Snipe breed in these habitats, and (4) optimal rice-growing practices that benefit Australian Painted Snipe without hindering conservation management of the Endangered Australasian Bittern (Botaurus poiciloptilus), which also occurs in these habitats. There are clear environmental costs of extracting water from rivers for irrigation and rice fields are no substitute for natural wetlands. However, given the recognised need for food production and the large area where rice is still grown, targeted management of rice fields to benefit Australian Painted Snipe and other species may be important in complementing traditional conservation measures like protected areas and ecological restoration.


Act (Act) No. 41, 1999 concerning state forestry forests is one determinant of life supporting systems and sources of welfare. During the first 20 years of forest management by concessions have many negative issues, especially forest destruction and many concession holders who cease to operate before the time runs out. They argument there are potential for wood that has been exhausted, and some of them not extend the operating license for the second time becouse forests have been heavily damaged and its potential continues to decline. Under these conditions, the Government in this case the Ministry of Forestry tried to look for the new format and issue a wide range of policies to create an optimal model of forest management. One of the policies issued by the government is the establishment of Forest Management Unit (FMU) in every function of forest area. Hereinafter abbreviated Forest Management Unit (FMU) is the smallest unit of forest management according to the principal functions , which can be managed efficiently and sustainably. Scientific papers about the analysis of governance relationships of ex HPH areas management in Jambi Province namely as a guide for local governments for implementation of a good institutional relationship that is consistent and harmonious between KPHP and IUPHHK units. While the goal of scientific writing in order to formulate a governance relationship between IUPHHK and KPHP units. In the implementation of sustainable production forest management, organization of production forest area is the Unitary Production Forest Management (KPHP) while for protected area is KPHL and for conservation areas is KPHK. In the former concession areas that do not have the license holder, KPHP duty are: (1) conduct forest management ex-concession area. (2) describe the national forest policy, provincial and district forestry sector to be implemented in the management of the former concession area in units of KPH. (3) implement forest management activities in their areas ranging from planning, organizing, implementation and supervision and control. (4) carry out monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of forest management activities in the areas of ex-HPH. (5) investment opportunities in the former concession area in order to support the achievement of objectives of forest management and (6) social construction in the community around KPH.


In this paper some problems needing attention in enterprises combination are elaborated such as the whether the combination motivation is scientific, the careful financial analysis should be carried out to merged part, some negotiation skills and assessment methods for enterprise in order to make success in enterprises combination.


Hyphae of the fungus Basidiobolus magnus were embedded in extractable polyethylene glycol (PEG) or diethylene glycol distearate (DGD) to prepare embedment-free sections in order to seek components of the cytoskeleton that may be obscured in epoxy-embedded sections. All methods showed that hyphae possess an intricate filamentous matrix, which is apparently unoriented. However, the appearance of the cytoskeleton depended on the embedding medium, the solvent used during embedding, and whether cells were fixed by conventional fixation or freeze-substitution. PEG proved to be the best embedding medium for fungal cells because DGD caused cell shrinkage and produced a more lamellar than filamentous matrix. Also, the cytoskeletal filaments were clearer in freeze-substituted cells than in conventionally-fixed cells. Since we failed to find microtubules in the embedment-free sections, we re-embedded cells in Epon to discern whether microtubules or other cytoplasmic components had changed. Neither PEG nor DGD adequately preserved microtubules as compared to regular Epon-embedded sections, and other cellular structures were significantly altered. Therefore, alternative methods need to be employed to further characterize fungal cytoskeletons.


Visual perception is an important component for autonomous navigation of unmanned surface vessels (USV), particularly for the tasks related to autonomous inspection and tracking. These tasks involve vision-based navigation techniques to identify the target for navigation. Reduced visibility under extreme weather conditions in marine environments makes it difficult for vision-based approaches to work properly. To overcome these issues, this paper presents an autonomous vision-based navigation framework for tracking target objects in extreme marine conditions. The proposed framework consists of an integrated perception pipeline that uses a generative adversarial network (GAN) to remove noise and highlight the object features before passing them to the object detector (i.e., YOLOv5). The detected visual features are then used by the USV to track the target. The proposed framework has been thoroughly tested in simulation under extremely reduced visibility due to sandstorms and fog. The results are compared with state-of-the-art de-hazing methods across the benchmarked MBZIRC simulation dataset, on which the proposed scheme has outperformed the existing methods across various metrics.


This article argues for the importance of the friendship between Elizabeth Bishop and James Merrill when it came to each poet's ongoing professional development, especially during the 1970s, when their friendship was at its height. The article contends that not only was Bishop instrumental in Merrill's poetic development, as has already been well-established, but that Merrill was equally influential to Bishop in her last decade, a point that has yet to be made. Through a reading of their correspondence across three decades, in addition to readings of several of their travel poems, the article reveals the significant extent to which the two poets took comfort not only in each other, but in each other's work, as well.


As silicon dioxide will be replaced by high-k materials in the gate structure, Germanium is in the highlights again because of its higher mobility and lower gap than Silicon. Hence, current processes have to be adapted to this material. Tests done on 1.8μm Ge on Si wafers show that most of the usual resist stripping processes, that are an association of oxidizing plasma and wet chemistry, tend to etch Ge structures (fig 1). The case is especially difficult after Ge implantation. On one hand, SPM and SC1, that are generally associated to remove photoresist after high dose implant [1], show the poorest compatibility to Ge, due to water solubility of GeO2 [2]. On the other hand, common protective layers such as Si dioxide, have to be replaced by lower temperature deposited materials, that suffer more damage when expose to implant process.


Achieve power storage device capable of performing a read operation in which data and data strobe signal is provided as an output. The off technique comprises: generating a first signal, for preventing the data storage device is provided as an output; generating a second signal for causing a data strobe signal is maintained at a predetermined state; and generating a third signal, for preventing in data strobe signal is supplied to a predetermined output state storage device.


In the USA, cambarid crawfishes are harvested commercially with traps baited with fishes, formulated baits, or a combination of the two. Commercially formulated baits and fish baits, done and in combination, were evaluated to assess their relative effectiveness M attractants for crawfish. Traps baited with a combination of fish and formulated bait generally captured the most crawfish. Traps baited with common carp, the most effective natural bait, captured more crawfish than traps baited with skipjack herring, gizzard shad or channel catfish heads. Crawfish harvest from traps baited with several types of commercially formulated baits was equal to that obtained with traps baited with either gizzard shad or skipjack herring. Population density of crawfish and the availability of natural forage did not appear to influence relative effectiveness of either formulated baits or fish baits.


Purpose
Cost estimation model serves as a framework for forecasting the probable cost of proposed construction projects. It can be classified either as traditional or non-traditional depending on the cost variables formulation. However, in the building industry, quantity surveyors traditionally estimate the initial cost of building projects using the traditional models, which have been criticized overtime for its inaccuracies. This paper therefore aims to examine barriers for the utilization of non-traditional cost estimating models.

Design/methodology/approach
By using a questionnaire survey, respondents were invited to rate their level of agreement on 23 barriers identified from literature and interview (expert's opinion).

Findings
Based on factor analysis inefficient techniques, perceptions of model techniques, unavailability of cost data and lack of understanding and unstable economic conditions were identified as barriers to the utilization of non-traditional cost estimating models.

Practical/implications
Findings demonstrate that there is need for quantity surveyors to get adapted to utilization of non-traditional cost models which offers better accuracies than the traditional approaches in their quest to improve their professional practices.

Originality/value
This study demonstrates that there are barriers to the utilization of non-traditional cost estimating models in the Ghanaian construction industry, as evident of this will help in policy formulation for the improvement cost estimating practices.


To assess the reliability and criterion and construct validity of the self‐administered Brief Index of Lupus Damage (SA‐BILD), a patient‐reported measure of organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).


Bael tree, (Aegle marmelos, FamilyRutaceae), is a sacred tree used for medi cinal purpose. Some of the medicinal properties are astringent, antidiarreal, antidysten tric, demulcent, stromachic, fever curing, insulinpromoter, antiinflammatory, cardio tonic and cures ophthalmic, ur ina y trouble, palpitation and many more. Most of t hese properties are believed to be due to presence of bi oactive alkaloids in Bael, thus in present work ant ibacterial phytoconstituent has been isolated from A egle marmelos leaves which displayed potent antibacterial activi ty against Staphylococcus aureus, Solmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. Key-Words: Alkaloid, Antibacterial agent, Phytomedicine, A egle marmelos. Introduction Aegle marmelos (Bael) is a sacred tree from India, of Rutaceae family, related to citrus. It is a beautif ul medium size tree (average is 8.5 m tall), with spin es on its branches and very aromatic. Leaves are pale gre n and trifoliate. Flowers are greenish white, sweetly scented, fruits are yellowish green. It is a good s urce of vitamin C and protein (1). There are several medicinal uses of Bael in curing diarrhea, fever, p oor absorption, and bleeding, vomiting, nausea with blo od, bronchitis, and gingivitis. Decoction of leaves is febrifuge, expectorant, asthmatic complaints (1). T he leaves contain many constituents like alkaloids, aegeline, alkaloid coumarine, and marmine, sterol sitosterol, and essential oils d-limonene (1). Aege line has recently attracted the interests of several res ea ches (2-8). Review of literature suggested that most of t he pharmacological properties are due to the presence of alkaloids in Bael. The study involves the isolation , a d characterization of the bioactive constituents in t he plant leaves and evaluation of antibacterial activi ty against some pathogenic bacteria for possible development of new drugs for the prevention and treatment of infections. * Corresponding Author: E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Material and methods General experimental procedure The IR spectra were determined on a Thermo Nicolet 470 FT – IR spectrometer. The 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker Avance 400 FT spectrometer for 1H NMR and 75 FT spectrometer for 13C NMR, using TMS as internal standard. Chemical shifts are expressed in parts per million (ppm). Column chromatography was carried out using silica gel (200-300 mesh) and to monitor the preparative separations, analytical thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed at room temperature on pre-coated 0.25 mm thick silica gel 60 F254 aluminum plates 20 x 20 cm Merck, Darmstadt, Germany. Reagents and solvents were all of analytic grades and procured from Merck. Plant materials The plant material required for the study was fresh . Tender leaves were harvested as it has 0.15-0.2% yields from the month of November to March. These leaves were kept in sunlight and the dry leaves wer e powdered and stored. Extraction and isolation of plant materials The leaves (2 kg) were dried on the laboratory benc h for 10 days. The dry sample was milled and ground into powder (1.3 kg). The powdered plant sample (1 kg) was packed into a Soxhlet apparatus and extract ed exhaustively with ethanol for 24 h. The ethanolic extract was concentrated using a rotary evaporator at 40°C and then left on the bench to get crude extrac t Research Article [Sarkar & Solanki, 2(12): Dec., 2011]


The essays presented in this volume were prepared in connection with a Symposium on "The Bill of Rights in the Welfare State," which was held at The University of Chicago Law School on October 25-26, 1991. This Symposium celebrated both the Bicentennial of the Bill of Rights and the Centennial of The University of Chicago. In addition to those whose essays appear herein, we also enjoyed the participation of Vincent Blasi, Stephen Carter, Thomas Grey, Margaret Jane Radin, and Carol Rose, who served brilliantly as moderators of the five substantive debates. One might say that this Symposium assembled the most talented collection of constitutional theorists since the Framers themselves met in Constitutional Convention, or, to paraphrase John F. Kennedy's quip about Jefferson, since James Madison dined alone. Madison was, of course, the framer, the architect of the Bill of Rights. But he himself was less than confident that his list of guarantees would make a difference. As Madison wrote to Jefferson in 1788, "experience proves the inefficacy of a Bill of Rights on those occasions when its control is most needed," offering as illustration "repeated violations of these parchment barriers . . . committed by overbearing majorities" whenever circumstances allow. Nonetheless, when Madison presented his proposed bill to Congress, he offered two arguments for the proposition, or at least the hope, that the Bill of Rights would matter. First, Madison predicted that his list of guarantees would be treasured by the judicia-


The temporal variations of conduction currents were closely observed for point-to-sphere and sphere-to-sphere gaps, in transformer oil and in n-hexane, subjected to high direct voltages. Current bursts of both long and short durations could be distinguished from the random fluctuation of the quasi-steady current component. Long-duration bursts were similar to some previous observations and could be related to impurity particle activity in the liquid. Many short-duration bursts, however, had the polarity opposite to that of the quasi-steady current component. Explanations are proposed.


In this paper we give a sufficient and necessary condition fo r a Banach space to be Weakly Compactly Generated and Asplund. This condition li nks the weak ∗ and the norm topologies of its dual .


This study aims to determine the implementation of the concept mapping method to create student interest in learning at MTs Mujtahidin Purworejo, Kepung Kediri. This research uses descriptive qualitative research method. The results of the study indicate that the learning process is in accordance with the target or uses the concept of mapping such as observing activities, questioning activities, exploring activities, associating activities and communicating activities. The result is that students have an increased interest in learning. This is evidenced by the activeness of asking questions, participating in all learning activities to do all tasks given by the teacher


The Eulerian-Lagrangian approach has been applied to two-phase turbulent flows with dispersed heavy particles. First, numerical computations of the continuous phase (fluid) have been performed using the Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) and Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) for the case of a fully-developed channel flow. Parallelisation efficiency of flow and particle solvers has been estimated. Residual turbulent kinetic energy has been found from filtered DNS (also called a priori LES); a model for this quantity has been assessed. Then, heavy particles have been tracked in the LES velocity field. Statistics of particle motion (mean velocity, intensity of velocity fluctuations) and the profile of cross-stream number density as well as preliminary results for particle wall deposition have been obtained.


A new treatment offers a simple and inexpensive method to reduce considerably ice adhesion on a wind turbine blade surface ensuring a safe and reliable energy production during winter periods. This treatment has icephobic characteristics, satisfactory mechanical, optical and electrical properties and doesn't alter the surface appearance. The technique consists in depositing a poly(tetrafluoroethylene) or PTFE coating, which strongly clings on a high porosity blade surface. A uniform coating was obtained by dipping the blade samples in a PTFE solution dispersion followed by annealing at 290°C for 2 min in an argon atmosphere. The resulting film yielded a contact angle around 145°, a hysteresis of 30°, a surface tension estimated to 11.7 mN/m and a slipping angle of 45° even at temperature as low as -6°C. The shear strength of ice adhesion was reduced by 80% compared to pristine blade surface at temperatures ranging from -1.8°C to -12.5°C. There was no observed effect of ice shedding events and no accelerated aging was observed through UVC irradiation and corrosive acidic solution on the hydrophobicity of the coated surface. The low surface energy of that coating is promising for its use in the wind turbine industry.


The application of near infrared(NIR) spectroscopy to measure simultaneously the concentration both of substrates and products of acetic fermentation, i.e. ethanol, acetic acid and biomass concentration, is reported. All these three parameters are closely involved in the kinetics of the process. Monitoring of these variables is a valuable tool to model, optimise and control industrial processes. Furthermore, the NIR technique is also applied to measure the concentrations of ethyl acetate and acetoin, two compounds of decisive relevance for the sensory characterisation of commercial vinegar. The monitoring of these compounds is fundamental to the global optimisation of the process both in economic and sensorial terms. The analysed samples were taken directly from the industrial fermentors of a vinegar producer in La Rioja and their NIR spectra were measured in order to serve as the basis for the subsequent development of separate PLS regression models for each studied response. Several pre-processing methods, such as mean centring, autoscaling, derivation, SNV, MSC and OSC were applied to the data set, testing and comparing the quality of the respective calibration models constructed. The simplest model that provided the best results in terms of predictive ability was selected for each parameter. Thus, the NIR instrument was integrated into a pilot fermentation system to monitor the concentration of ethanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, acetoin and biomass (critical parameters to model and optimise the industrial process) by using the proposed regression models.


The present invention proposes a kind of hydroxypropyl azanol and its synthetic method, belong to technical field of organic synthesis, obtained hydroxypropyl azanol is synthesized by the synthetic method can be as styrene polymerization inhibitor, effective for the generation of prevention polystyrene in the production process of styrene and its blocking to pipeline and equipment.The technical scheme includes:1) substituted hydroxylamine and solvent are added into reactor, after azanol to be replaced is completely dissolved, adds and is sufficiently stirred under alkali lye, ice bath 18 hours into the reactor;2) alkylene oxide is added into the reactor, removed after ice bath, be sufficiently stirred for 10 36 hours, obtain mix products;3) mix products are rotated, and the product after revolving extracted using extractant, be sufficiently stirred for, in being placed 1 10 hours at 0 DEG C 20 DEG C, filtering obtains clear transparent solutions;Extractant in the clear transparent solutions to be removed, obtains hydroxypropyl azanol.The present invention can be applied to the continuous production of styrene.


Thermionic emission cathodes are widely used in microwave tubes. In this paper, we study theoretically about the quantum correction factor for thermionic emission. The calculated quantum correction factor nearly ranges from 0.2 to 0.5 depending on the work function and the operating temperature of cathode materials.


This paper deals with sliding joint in the foundation structure. Application of sliding joint into foundation structure is an effective method to reduce effect of horizontal deformation of foundations. These can arise from effect of undermining or from shrinkage or creep of concrete. A different material can be used to create sliding joint but some are advantageous and some are not. It is often used an asphalt belt or newly different modern foils are used too. Different types of asphalt belts are tested at Faculty of Civil Engineering at different loads and at different temperatures. Some foils are tested too. The effect of ambient temperature is monitored to better description of temperature dependency of asphalt belts. Long-term goal of this research is to simplify process of design buildings with sliding joint and to help designer with right choice of the most advantageous material.


A thesaurus of present-day vernacular English from Berwick-upon-Tweed to the Channel Islands, this unique record of everyday English celebrates established regional dialects, emerging new varieties and colloquial forms young and old. Based on a prestigious nationwide survey, BBC Voices Recordings, it documents the linguistic landscape of England, Wales and the Channel Islands in the 21st century, and includes over 3000 separate entries, drawn from over 200 locations across the country. Each entry contains information about the term's origins, location and the social distribution of its users. With links to original sound files and cross-references to complementary dictionary sources, it is an authoritative reference work for academic linguists, but its accessible presentation also makes it suitable for creative audiences and non-specialist language enthusiasts seeking authentic, up-to-date information on British English dialect and slang, and for English language teachers and learners as an invaluable educational tool.


This study is aimed at determining the parameters and biomechanical analysis of their impact on the static arm strength in children with impaired posture as poor kyphotic posture, lordotic poor posture and children with flat feet. A transversal study included a sample of 67 children on the territory of the municipality of Subotica. The structure of the sample is as follows: 22 subjects with impaired kyphotic posture, 18 patients with impaired lordotic posture, and 27 subjects with flat feet. Measuring the level of static arm strength was done by the standardized "folding endurance" test. Observing the morphological development of children with kyphotic, lordotic poor posture and flat feet determined statistically significant differences in biomechanical variables.