8551 Background: Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are an anti-mitotic, regional treatment modality, utilizing low intensity alternating electric fields delivered non-invasively to the tumor using a portable, medical device. TTFields have significantly extended survival of patients with glioblastoma. In-vitro, human MPM cells were highly susceptible to TTFields. In the STELLAR study, patients with unresectable MPM treated with first line chemotherapy in combination with TTFields had a significantly higher median overall survival compared to historical controls (18.2 vs. 12.1 months). We report on analysis of radiological data from STELLAR patients whose tumors responded while receiving the combined therapy. Methods: The STELLAR trial accrued 80 patients with unresectable, previously untreated mesothelioma. Patients were treated with continuous 150 kHz TTFields (>18h/day) in combination with pemetrexed and cisplatin or carboplatin (at standard dosing). Inclusion criteria included ECOG PS of 0-1, pathologically proven mesothelioma and at least one measurable lesion according to modified RECIST criteria. Patients were followed q3w (CT scan q6w) until disease progression. Radiological assessments were done at each study site. Results: Partial responses (PRs) were seen in 40.3% of evaluable patients and clinical benefit (PR+SD) was seen in 97.2% of these patients. The median time between treatment start and PR was 1.8 months (range: 1.4-4.4 months). All patients presenting with PR during the STELLAR study had continuous reduction in the total sum of lesion diameters, suggesting no initial / pseudo-progression. 83% of the patients who responded to the combined therapy finally had disease progression within a median response duration of 5.7 months (range: 1.4-13 months), per Kaplan-Meier Estimator. One patient did not progress for more than 27 months. Conclusions: The STELLAR study met its primary endpoint of significant survival extension for previously untreated mesothelioma patients. Response rates were similar to the ones reported for the current standard of care treatment, but lasted longer with the addition of TTFields. Clinical trial information: NCT02397928.


In order to study the phenomenon of flashover in the closed cabin,the heat gain and heat loss in the combustion process by nonlinear dynamic equations were analyzed firstly,which lead to the occurrence of flashover,and the criterion of the flashover was defined;Secondly,the fire experiments and numerical reconstruction of fire experiment by FDS were carried out to analyze the resulting data.The numerical simulation method was efficiency and feasible to the reconstruction of fire flashover study.It could be the reference to the usage of numerical simulation in the backtracking of fire development process.


In the study, Reactive Black 5 (RB5) was removed from synthetic wastewater using Fenton's oxidation (FO) process. Batch experiments were conducted on the samples containing 50, 250 and 500 mg/L of RB5. The study was performed in the systematic optimum value of H2O2 and FeSO4 concentrations, pH and temperature. Optimum pH and temperature for 250 mg/L RB-5 were observed at 3.0 and 40°C respectively, using 50 mg/L of FeSO4 and 300 mg/L of H2O2 resulted in 58.9% COD and 97% color removal after 10 min reaction. It is concluded that Fenton process can provide better result for decolorization compared to COD removal in the treatment of textile effluent.


Conversion of ethyl lactate to ethyl acrylate with Fe3+ modified HZSM-5 as the catalyst was investigated in this study.The HZSM-5 and modified HZSM-5 were characterized by XRD,and FT-IR techniques.Results showed that compared with HZSM-5,the degree of crystallinity and Si/Al ratios decreased after Fe3+ modified.The catalytic activity of Fe-ZSM-5 was high.The yield and selectivity of ethyl acrylate were much higher.


The present study addresses the ecology of a particular isolate of Arthrobotrys oligospora (CBS 289.82) in relation to its efficacy in controlling the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla. This isolate was selected because it differs from most nematode-trapping fungi in that it captures nematodes with adhesive hyphae without having to form complex trapping devices. This characteristic may make it a very useful biological control agent. An attempt was made to gain insight into the factors controlling its capture ability. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the A. oligospora (CBS 289.82) isolate was very effective in capturing M.hapla and M. incognita, compared to the ability of other fungi with other trapping devices. Mobile juveniles were all caught by the hyphae within one hour and in some cases attachment occurred within the very first contact (chapter 2). Electron microscopic observations revealed that attachment of juveniles of Meloidogyne spp. to hyphae is mediated by a layer of extracellular material, about 0.1 gm thick, on the hyphae (chapter 3). Such a layer was never observed in hyphae of fungal cultures to which nematodes were not added, suggesting that its presence depends on an interaction of the fungus with the nematode. The attachment of Meloidogyne second-stage juveniles was not affected by temperatures between 5 and 3O°C. However, at 15°C ring structure development and growth of trophic hyphae were strongly hampered, which suggest that under prevailing soil temperatures in temperate regions, ring structure development and growth of trophic hyphae may proceed slowly whereas trapping would continue to occur (chapter 4). Furthermore, the nutritional conditions during growth of the fungus did not correlate with the rapidity of nematode-hypha attachment. The results also provide evidence that the trapping ability of the isolate tested continued for over more than 70 days (chapter 4). Arthrobotrys oligospora (CBS 289.82) covered dead, ruptured nematodes with a dense mycelium, whereas dead but otherwise intact nematodes were penetrated through the buccal cavity by a corkscrew-like structure and were subsequently colonized by trophic hyphae. Colonization of living second-stage juveniles by trophic hyphae following attachment and penetration was faster than colonization of dead second-stage juveniles. The addition of dead juveniles to a fungal colony prior to the addition of living juveniles did not affect attachment or the development of trophic hyphae through the live juveniles. However, one day after the addition of live juveniles, the proportion of live nematodes with ring structures was higher than when living and dead juveniles were added at the same time. The development of trophic hyphae in dead second-stage juveniles was delayed in the presence of live second-stage juveniles. The results refute the commonly held assumption that poor possibilities for saprophytic growth are a prerequisite for the formation of trapping devices and the predacious mode of feeding in the fungus (chapter 5). An important quality of fungi as potential biological control agents is their ability to form mycelium and capture structures in the soil at the place where their activity is desirable. The establishment and capture activity of this isolate in a simple microcosm system at 20°C, was compared to that of other fungi from the Dactylaria -complex. Direct microscopic observations in microcosms confirmed the attachment of mobile juveniles of M. hapla to hyphae of A. oligospora (chapter 6). Application of about 30 mm hyphal fragments of A. oligospora (CBS 289.82) per gram soil resulted in 100-170 in of hyphae per gram oven-dry soil at 20°C within 12 days, a reduction of 90% in the number of living nematodes of M. hapla within one day after addition and the extermination of the nematodes within 10 days. In non-sterilized soil, the hyphae reached a total length of 10 in per gram oven-dry soil. This amount of hyphal mass was sufficient to reduce the number of nematodes by 70% as compared to the control within 10 days after nematodes were added to the soil. At 13°C, similar results were obtained. Even at low densities, this isolate is effective. Notwithstanding their ability to form the most extensive mycelial mats of all fungi tested and despite the fairly large amounts of M. hapla added, nematode capture in both adhesive ring-forming fungi A. conoides (CBS 265.83) and A. oligospora (ATCC 24927) was zero or low. This supports other observations that the adhesive ring-forming fungi are inefficient (chapter 6). In chapter 7 the results on the ability of A. oligospora (CBS 289.82) to capture root-knot nematodes presented in the previous chapters are evaluated. The mechanism of nematode trapping is also discussed from the perspective of screening nematode-trapping fungi and using the adhesive hyphae-forming fungi as biological control agents.


Orthopedic rehabilitation has become the subspecialty of orthopedics and its significance has been known increasingly. This article summarizes the viewpoints that minimally invasive surgery has improved fracture treatment and the changes of rehabilitation concept, as well as the application of rehabilitation after artificial joint replacement, foot and ankle rehabilitation, amputation and artificial limb to orthopedic rehabilitation


Left ventricular hypertrophy, which is defined as an abnormal increase in the mass of the left ventricle, has become recognized as an important independent risk factor for predicting several untoward cardiac events, including myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and sudden death. The presence of left ventricular hypertrophy is difficult to detect by electrocardiography but can be accurately assessed by echocardiography. Left ventricular hypertrophy can be detected in about 5% of all hypertensive patients by electrocardiography but is found in about 50% by echocardiography. Although it is possible to restore left ventricular mass to normal by controlling hypertension with pharmacotherapy, several commonly prescribed antihypertensive medications, including diuretics and vasodilators, have failed to demonstrate the ability to reverse left ventricular hypertrophy. Other agents, including most b116:272.)


This paper defines hedonic consumption as those facets of consumer behavior that relate to the multisensory, fantasy and emotive aspects of product usage experience. After delineating these concepts, their theoretical antecedents are traced, followed by a discussion of differences between the traditional and hedonic views, methodological implications of the latter approach, and behavioral propositions in four substantive areas relevant to hedonic consumption—mental constructs, product classes, product usage and individual differences. Conclusions concern the usefulness of the hedonic perspective in supplementing and extending marketing research on consumer behavior.


Routine network analyzer calibration procedures in measurements of the dielectric properties of materials using an open-ended coaxial line probe are frequently inadequate and limit the accuracy of measurements. A calibration method, which makes use of liquids whose properties are well known, is proposed to alleviate this limitation. It is shown that even one liquid used as a standard in place of a matched load greatly improves the accuracy of measurements. Theoretical relationships and experimental results as well as some practical suggestions related to the application of this method are given.


Motivation helps to determine goals; volition supports management and execution of
goals. The present research titled: motivation and improving learning speaking among
high school students in language institutions, investigated the role of motivation on
language skills and also it investigated the differences of males and females in
motivation. The research instrument in the present study is standard questionnaire by
Hermes and data were analyzed by SPSS software. The findings of the present research
indicated that there is a meaningful relationship between motivation and speaking
performance, also the motivation among males and females is different.


The IMP-8, Voyager and Pioneer cosmic ray observations now cover the solar maximum of cycles 21, 22, and 23 and out to a heliocentric distance of 88 AU. In an accompanying paper we showed that the radial dependences of intensities J are different in the inner and outer heliosphere with a transition over the radial distance of 10 to 15 AU, and that those intensity gradients are well described as dJ/Jdr= G0/r where r is heliocentric radial distance and G0 is constant with a different value in the inner and outer heliosphere. Using the obtained gradients and a simple one-dimensional modulation model we determined the diffusion coefficients as a function of radial distance and rigidity in the outer heliosphere at solar maximum. It is found that the diffusion coefficient, K, depends on radial distance r as r∼1.2 and on rigidity R as βR∼1.0 respectively in the outer heliosphere beyond 10 AU, where β is particle velocity over light velocity. K is determined on the assumption that K is a separable function of r and R.


Oxide semiconductor alloys of x(LiGaO2)1/2-(1-x)ZnO were fabricated by the solid state reaction between β-LiGaO2 and ZnO and rf-magnetron sputtering. For the solid state reaction, the wurtzite-type single phases were obtained in the composition range of x≤0.38. The formation range of the alloys was wider than that of the (Mg1-xZnx)O system, because the β-LiGaO2 possesses a wurtzite-derived structure and approximately the same lattice constants with ZnO. The electrical resistivity and energy band gap of the 0.38(LiGaO2)1/2-0.62ZnO alloyed ceramic were 0.45 Ωcm and 3.7 eV, respectively, at room temperature. For the alloying by sputtering, the films consisting of the wurtzite-type single phase were obtained over the entire composition range of x(LiGaO2)1/2-(1-x)ZnO. The energy band gap was controllable in the range from 3.3 to 5.6 eV. For the as-deposited film fabricated using the 0.4(LiGaO2)1/2- 0.6ZnO alloyed ceramic target, the energy band gap was 3.74 eV, and the electrical resistivity, carrier density and the Hall mobility at room temperature were 3.6 Ωcm, 3.4×1017 cm?3 and 5.6 cm2 V-1 s-1, respectively.


In ultra high speed ac drives the ratio of the carrier frequency to fundamental one can be lower than 20-30. For this low inverter switching frequency all the possible discontinuous PWM methods are investigated and it is observed that dc components and subharmonics of carrier-based natural and regular PWMs can have considerable negative effect on the quality of the drive. The investigation and the computation of different discontinuous PWM showed that the dc components and the subharmonic voltage have the lowest values for PWM with 60°clamping to DC bar and the worst situation is related to 60°clamping to DC bar with 30° lagging clamp as well as to 30° clampine. The computation results are confirmed by experiments.


Based on the analysis of image fusion technology at present, a kind of real-time dual-spectrum digital image fusion system is designed. In the light of the characteristics of this system, the hardware platform and the corresponding algorithm for image registration and image fusion are designed. The advantages of the multithreading mechanism of DSP/BIOS and the related configuration of various fundamental modules are fully taken. The programming efficiency is improved and the programs are optimized. In addition, a multi-duty micro-kernel is designed, which supports mid to high level image processing, effectively satisfying the strong requirement of the system to real-time.


The goal of this work is to describe the evolution of bacteria resistant to antibiotics in an aquatic environment and to compare their importance at different stages: human flora, sewage, surface water. Coliforms, fecal coliforms and Aeromonas are selected at test bacteria. The incidence of this difussion and influencing factors are discussed.


The invention relates to sensor arrangement (10) for use in process automation, comprising: a sensor (1) comprising at least one sensor element (4) for detecting a measured quantity of process automation, a first interface (3) for transmitting a signal dependent on the measured variable value to a second interface (13), and a first mechanical coupling (2), comprising the first interface (3); a cable (11) for transmitting the dependent on the measured parameter value to a master unit (22), complementary comprising one, to the first interface (3), second interface (13), a, to the first mechanical coupling (2) have complementary, second mechanical coupling (12), said second interface (13) and the second mechanical coupling (12) are arranged at least partially on a cable housing (14), wherein the sensor (1) with the cable (11) via the first mechanical coupling ( is 2) and the second mechanical coupling (12) releasably connected, in particular latched, wherein the sensor (1) is thus on the cable (11) with the parent unit (22) connectable to said first and second interface (3, 13) (for bidirectional communication between the sensor 1) and the parent unit (22) are arranged, wherein the first and second interface (3, 13) ensuring in addition to the communication and the power supply of the sensor (1). The sensor assembly (10) is characterized in that the second mechanical coupling (2, 12) at an angle (α) of less than 180 ° to the longitudinal axis (C) of the cable housing (14) is arranged. The invention further relates to a cable and a sensor.


This paper proposes a new distribution-free statistical method for testing hypotheses about covariates for survival data having simultaneously right-, left- and interval-censored survival times. The new test is motivated by the analogue between urn sampling and the Cox's proportional hazard models. Investigations of the significance levels and power as a function of the proportion of interval-censored observations and interval length show that the test performs well for most censoring situations encountered in practice. Simulation results also suggest that there is negligible loss of power in the practical situation in which the mean interval length for interval-censored observations is less than the mean survival time. This holds even with heavy interval censoring. Comparison with the widely used Mantel's method for comparing two groups shows that the power of the new method appears to be superior. Furthermore, the test is relatively simple to carry out and generalizes to comparing k populations as well as the testing of general linear hypothesis for arbitrary covariates.


Leaf spots were observed on reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) growing in a commercial wheat field in Seneca County, NY, during summer 2016. Lesions were elliptical to cigar shaped, brown-red, and ringed by a light tan band with an irregular margin. Mature lesions contained single erumpent points of white tissue in their center. Damage was most severe in the lower canopy, where spots had coalesced to cover entire leaves. Symptomatic leaf tissue was surface sterilized in 1.65% sodium hypochlorite, rinsed with sterile distilled water, and placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with antibiotics. Cultures kept at 22°C under a 12-h photoperiod consistently yielded slow growing, cottony mycelium with a pale pink pigment and abundant pycnidia. Pycniospores produced by monosporic isolates grown on PDA amended with sterilized leaves of reed canarygrass were narrow, roughly cylindrical with equally blunt ends. They contained three to eight septa and measured 27.1 to 49.2 μm (mean, 37.7 μm) × 2.5 to 7.4 μm (mean, 5.4 μm) (n = 55). Morphology, symptomology, and host were characteristic of tawny blotch caused by Stagonospora foliicola (Bres.) Bubak (Sprague 1950). Two isolates were sequenced for species identification using the internal transcribed spacer region of rRNA, RNA polymerase subunit II gene, and β-tubulin gene. Sequences (GenBank KY604740, MF593838, and MF593839, respectively) had a 99 to 100% identity match to the type culture of Parastagonospora caricis deposited in GenBank and did not show homology to the type isolate of S. foliicola from Maryland. Although colony color of the New York isolates did not match that described for P. caricis, pycniospores produced on PDA without plant tissue amendments measured 61.2 × 6.3 µm, consistent with those recorded from the type culture of P. caricis (Quaedvlieg et al. 2013). A specimen was deposited at the Cornell herbarium (CUP-068300), and a representative culture was stored at CBS-KNAW (CBS 144011). Using one New York isolate, Koch's postulates were completed in a greenhouse with 2-month-old, potted reed canarygrass. A conidial suspension of 1 × 10³ spores/ml in sterile water was washed from 2-week-old cultures grown on PDA amended with reed canarygrass leaves. Three pots were treated with the fungus, and three pots received a sterile water control treatment. Plants were spray inoculated with a fine mist until runoff and incubated under plastic bags for 24 h. After 2 weeks, inoculated plants showed symptoms typical of those seen in the field, and the pathogen was reisolated from multiple lesions. Control plants showed no signs of disease, and no fungi were isolated from their leaves. Tawny blotch is one of the most important diseases of reed canarygrass worldwide (Braverman et. al. 1986), and the damage can be significant under humid or moist conditions (Zeiders 1975). This disease may impact the quality and quantity of forage. P. caricis was first identified on Carex acutiformis in the Netherlands and has not been recorded from other hosts or locations. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of P. caricis infecting reed canarygrass. It is possible that other North American reports of S. foliicola lacking DNA sequence data could be misidentifications of P. caricis, and both organisms should be considered in future studies of tawny blotch on associated grasses.


Objective
To compare the clinical features of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and to provide valuable reference for clinical treatment.

Methods
One hundred and twenty patients with COPD diagnosed in the General Internal Medicine of our hospital from September 2015 to September 2016 were selected as study subjects, according to the history and chest CT were divided into AECOPD group and COPD combined CAP group, the differences of clinical symptoms, some meaningful inflammatory indexes in laboratory tests, blood gas analysis, pulmonary function tests, complications and outcome were compared between the two groups.

Results
Compared with AECOPD group, the clinical symptoms of COPD combined with CAP group of patients with more severe (P<0.05), inflammatory index COPD and CAP group were significantly higher (P<0.05), COPD CAP group with higher proportion of hypoxemia (P<0.05), the lung function of COPD combined with CAP group decreased more significantly (P<0.05), COPD group CAP patients with higher complication rates (P<0.05), COPD group CAP patients with symptoms and the proportion of deaths are higher (P<0.05).

Conclusions
Although COPD combined CAP and AECOPD clinical symptoms are similar, but not exactly the same.Only the correct differential diagnosis can help patients to take targeted treatment programs.

Key words:
Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Community acquired pneumonia; Comparison; Analysis


Objective To analyze the seasonality and long-term trend of measles in Shijiazhuang city from 2001 to 2007,so as to provide scientific basis for measles control and prevention.Methods The measles incidence data were derived from China Information System for Diseases Control and Prevention.The seasonal characteristics including peak day and crest time of measles were analyzed by circle distribution.The long-term trend of measles was analyzed by correlation.Results ①Measles incidence has obvious seasonality in Shijiazhuang,that is,measles might occur in each month all the year,which gradually increased from November,and the peak time arrived in April and May,but gradually decreased from June.The disease number was in lower level from August to October.②There were obvious peak day and crest time of measles from 2001 to 2007(P0.01).The peak day of measles in each year was different or partly different(F=42.969,P0.01).The peak day all the year was April 19,and the crest time was February 13 to June 25.③The measles incidence has a significant increase trend(γ=0.814,P=0.026).Conclusion There is obvious seasonality of measles,which is concentrated in April and May,the crest time is concentrated from the first ten days of February to the last ten days of June.The measles incidence has an obvious increase trend in recent years,emergency preventive precautions must be adopted according to the crest time.


When Sara Paretsky began publishing stories about hard-boiled detective Victoria (V. I.) Warshawski, her challenge, she remarked, was to negotiate the change from a male to a female protagonist without making Warshawski "Philip Marlowe in drag," to work within the conventions of the traditional hard-boiled detective tradition without making Warshawski's femininity an occasion for parody.' This was not an easy task because, as Paretsky recognized, giving the hard-boiled detective a female body fundamentally complicates the web of associations that legitimate his patterns of action, attributes of character, and relations to his world; it disrupts the genre's association of masculinity with that special kind of self capable of the effective investigation and execution of justice. Escaping from the all-or-nothing economy of formulaic adherence to convention or outright genre parody, Paretsky instead undertakes the more complex work of reimagining and reconceiving the way the convention figures the relation between sexed bodies and individual agency.2 Grounded in the situation of a female body acting within a patriarchal environment, a detective like Warshawski fundamentally complicates the ethical opposition deeply enmeshed in the ethos of American masculinity that informs the classic Chandlerian hard-boiled detective, that between the inherent corruptness of collectivity and the potential purity of properly guarded individuality. The theoretical model that best articulates Warshawski's combination of individualist action with her awareness of its social context is one that, like Warshawski herself, is the product of a feminist reworking of a mid-century, masculinist vision of the world. In much the same way that Paretksy's fiction reconfigures the classic hard-boiled detective, in The Second Sex (1949) Simone de Beauvoir reworks the conceptual framework of Sartrean existentialism from a perspective grounded in the embodiedness of female experience.' And, just as Paretsky's fiction seems "untimely" in its contemporary feminist appropriation of a seemingly anachronistic set of conventions, Beauvoir's work is difficult to take seriously in a contemporary context because of its


Decreased expression of PTEN regulated by miR-7 contributes to B cell hyperresponsiveness and disturbed B cell homeostasis in SLE. "miR"roring Lupus Control Decreased expression of the B cell signaling inhibitor PTEN may contribute to lupus pathology. Wu et al. found that microRNA (miR)–mediated regulation of PTEN is altered in patients with the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Patients with SLE have hyperactivated B cells, which results in the production of autoantibodies. The authors found that decreased expression of PTEN in B cells from SLE patients contributes to this B cell hyperactivation. What's more, they found that PTEN expression in these cells was regulated by miRs, and that blocking miR-7 could restore PTEN expression and function to that of healthy controls. These data support exploring miR-7 and PTEN as therapeutic targets for SLE. PTEN regulates normal signaling through the B cell receptor (BCR). In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), enhanced BCR signaling contributes to increased B cell activity, but the role of PTEN in human SLE has remained unclear. We performed fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis in B cells from SLE patients and found that all SLE B cell subsets, except for memory B cells, showed decreased expression of PTEN compared with B cells from healthy controls. Moreover, the level of PTEN expression was inversely correlated with disease activity. We then explored the mechanisms governing PTEN regulation in SLE B cells. Notably, in normal but not SLE B cells, interleukin-21 (IL-21) induced PTEN expression and suppressed Akt phosphorylation induced by anti–immunoglobulin M and CD40L stimulation. However, this deficit was not primarily at the signaling or the transcriptional level, because IL-21–induced STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) phosphorylation was intact and IL-21 up-regulated PTEN mRNA in SLE B cells. Therefore, we examined the expression of candidate microRNAs (miRs) that could regulate PTEN: SLE B cells were found to express increased levels of miR-7, miR-21, and miR-22. These miRs down-regulated the expression of PTEN, and IL-21 stimulation increased the expression of miR-7 and miR-22 in both normal and SLE B cells. Indeed, a miR-7 antagomir corrected PTEN-related abnormalities in SLE B cells in a manner dependent on PTEN. Therefore, defective miR-7 regulation of PTEN contributes to B cell hyperresponsiveness in SLE and could be a new target of therapeutic intervention.


A 2.5 Gb/s optical packet receiver has been developed for WDM packet routing systems using a rapidly tunable laser diode and a wavelength router. The optical packet receiver can receive the variable burst-length optical packets and keep the optimum phase between the data and the clock automatically.


THE USE OF procedural sedation is growing dramatically because of the increase in performance of minimally invasive procedures in nonacute and acute care settings. As anesthesia agents have been refined to provide short-acting sedation with minimal side effects, procedural sedation is becoming increasingly desirable. Procedural sedation is not only commonly used in the operating room, but has many other applications such as endoscopy, radiology, cardiology, dentistry, physicians' offices, and pediatrics. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) defined 4 levels of sedation and anesthesia in January 2001. These defined levels made clear that because sedation-to-anesthesia is a continuum, sedation patients should be monitored and treated the same as general anesthesia patients. Capnography is the continuous measurement and display of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in exhaled breath. A capnogram is the graphical waveform depicting CO2 concentration throughout respiration (Table 1). A normal capnogram has a near zero baseline with a sharp rapid rise, a plateau, then a sharp rapid down shift (Fig 1). Abnormal capnograms occur for a multitude of reasons and present with varying changes from the normal (Fig 2). Table 1. Capnography Waveforms: Interpreting the Capnogram


Over the years with increase in energy demand, efficiency of electric motors is a major concern since they contribute to majority of this demand. Many of these motors are in the low-power range (<7.5 hp)and usually induction motors are widely being used in this power range for industrial, household, irrigation water pumping, etc. These motors are inefficient and it is difficult to achieve the new international efficiency (IE)standards using the conventional design approach. In this paper, a new toroidal winding is proposed for efficiency improvement of a 5 hp squirrel-cage induction motor (SCIM). A transient 3-D finite element (FE)analysis is carried-out for ascertaining the claims of efficiency improvement and the results are presented.


The preconceptual design phase of the Tokamak Fusion Core Experiment (TFCX) and Phase IIA of the International Tokamak Reactor (INTOR) workshop have included reassessment of the plasma diagnostic requirements for the large rf heated, neutron‐generating plasmas in these devices. The three principal components of the work have been (i) to reassess the present level of diagnostic capability, (ii) to identify the diagnostics required for measurement before and during the burn phases of the two devices and (iii) to define a program of research and development activities of new or upgraded diagnostics. Both devices are expected to start operation in the early 1990's; it is, therefore, necessary to set up development programs on U.S. tokamaks to evaluate fusion product measurements, and to establish capability of reliable, radiation‐hardened instruments. The adequacy of the operational information available with very limited access through the shielding and structure of the tokamaks also must be determined. This...


Objective To investigate the result and complication of liver metastatic tumor treated with stereotactic conformal ra- diotherapy.Methods Twenty-eight cases with liver metastases cancer were treated by the application of technique of stereotactic conformal radiotherapy.Among these 28 patients.18 were male and 10 female,with ages ranging from 22 to 78 years(median 51 years).Planning of treatment was made and the prescribed dose was adjusted depending on the site of the tumor,gross target vol- ume(GTV),liver function and aim of treatment.Targets were treated in patients using one or multiple center and 55%-80% iso- dose curve.The ranging of prescribed dose was 32-42Gy by fraction from eight to twelve times treated with five fractions one week.Results Of the 28 cases,complete response was observed in 15(54%),and partial response in 6(21%),stable disease in 4 (14%),and progressive disease in 3(11%).The effective rate was 75%.The overall local control rate was 80%.The mean surviv- al time was 15 months.The 1-,2-,and 3-year survival rate was 66%,32% and 11%,respectively.No serious complication was ob- served in the whole groups.No serious complication was found during radiotherapy and follow up.Conclusion Stereotactic confor- mal radiotherapy is safe and effective for liver metastatic tumor.No serious complication was observed during the treatment.


The cylindrical illusion device with isotropic and homogeneous materials is studied deeply based on the Mie scattering theory. The formula for illusion of core-shell structure is derived in the quasistatic approximation. Whether the inner core is a dielectric or PEC material, it can be equivalent to a certain target cylinder after wrapping a properly designed shell. We investigate what range of permittivity of the shell may be possible to achieve a target, which can provide convenient and intuitive design charts for an approximate design a core-shell illusion device. It is found that the number for the thickness of the shell is zero, one or two when the permittivities of the target and the shell take a variety of parameters. Moreover, the physical insights into the parameters' distribution are explained by analyzing the electric dipole moments in each part of the core-shell structure. It is interesting to see that a double negative material can be equivalently achieved by a PEC core coated with a positive magnetic material, which may offer a new design approach for the realization of double negative materials. The scattering widths and full-wave simulations are given to verify correctness of the proposed method.


As students we watched Rocky IV on video rather than go to histology; somehow it just seemed more relevant. Against all international advice Rocky agrees to fight in the former Soviet Union. Once there, the Italian stallion is denied proper training facilities and resorts to chopping logs, running in the snow, and pulling carts, all to the tune of spandex rock.

His Russian opponent is seen in a hi-tech gym being pumped with steroids while attached to electroencephalograph and electrocardiograph leads. Never fear, Rocky's classic blend of guts, utter stupidity, and using his face to break his opponent's hands wins again. Two dimensional Hollywood twaddle, but enjoyable none the less.

We are in "resolution season," with January being the busiest month for gym membership. The gym revolution has ballooned along with our waistlines over the past decade. We, the generation of the "individual," seem desperate to cling on to that most over-rated commodity of all—youth. In the changing rooms I see tinted hair, the effects of Botox, designer thongs cleaving suet pudding buttocks, and lycra merely displacing fat into even less flattering places. I am sure it is no different in the women's locker rooms. A gyrating Madonna leers from multiple television screens as poor imitations of her sizzle on pointless treadmills.

I pretend to be Polish in gyms so as not to have to engage in tedious talk about training regimes, personal bests, charity runs, elemental diets, obscure injury syndromes, and the inevitable new fitness craze. In the cafe a 300 calorie ready meal offers only convenience in the place of comfort and company. I fear that if we are not careful it will not be the meek that inherit the earth but the terminally dull.

We all know that gyms make you feel only inadequate and unhappy. Rocky had it right. Let's walk, cycle, chop logs, and pull carts (where practical). Get dressed in the dark if it helps. Irresponsibility is the fountain of youth so age disgracefully and enjoy complaining about the young, who will in turn ignore our whining and irresponsibly squander their youth like every generation before them.

Gyms are a symptom of the modern falsehood that life can be defined by those three magic words—wealth, health, and self.


by VICTORIA AMBER BARRON FLEMING The human genome contains a relatively small number of genes compared to the complexity and abundance of protein products that are generated from it, so biological mechanisms must be in place to create protein diversity. One of the major mechanisms for regulating gene expression and creating proteomic diversity is alternative splicing, which allows multiple protein products to be generated from a single gene, by selectively including or excluding particular exons in the mature mRNA messages. Our understanding of the mechanisms which regulate alternative splicing has been greatly expanded in recent years, but there is still much to be learned. Complex control is a common theme for alternative exons, as often there are many protein factors and other regulatory processes responsible for the decision of whether a particular alternative exon will be included or skipped in a particular tissue or at a particular developmental stage. Our laboratory has identified an alternatively spliced exon, which is under complex splicing control: neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) exon 23a. NF1 exon 23a lies within the best-characterized functional domain of the NF1 protein, the GAP-related domain (GRD). The GRD allows the NF1 protein to act as a negative regulator of the oncogene, Ras by facilitating the conversion of the active GTP-bound form of Ras to the inactive GDP-bound form. The protein isoform that contains exon 23a is about ten times less efficient at facilitating this conversion than its counterpart in which the exon is excluded. NF1 exon 23a is regulated by at least four different protein families: the Hu proteins, the


The article is devoted to the research of a problem of consolidation of the Russian compatriots in the USA in a context of Russian Diaspora politics. Character of formation and specificity of the modern Russian communities in the USA is considered, the analysis of the most important factors caused a significant dissociation is given. In summary, a possibility of overcoming of the Russian communities' dissociation in the USA by means of the upgraded Diaspora politics of the Russian Federation is analyzed.


This article traces the historical and cultural circumstances of "translingual practice" under which Ibsen is disseminated and spread.It reviews the upsurge and cultural logic of translating and introducing Ibsen's plays to China."Fascination with Ibsen" embodies the knowledge/power device of the May 4th movement of 1919.


Acute heart failure (AHF) in the elderly is becoming an increasingly common clinical problem, associated with very high in‐hospital and long‐term mortality rates. Elderly AHF patients, as opposed to younger ones, may have a different demographic, pathophysiological, clinical, and prognostic profile, and therefore, some carefully considered therapeutic adjustments may be warranted for their treatment. Patients with older age, shock, diabetes, renal failure, infection, confusion, and severe non‐cardiac comorbidities may be at the highest mortality risk.


TO THE EDITOR: One of the many beneficial aspects of renal transplantation is the potential for full recovery of uremic anemia. However, 10–15% of recipients develop exaggerated erythrocytosis,1 whereas some may remain anemic despite normal graft function.2 Erythrocytosis is not benign since the incidence of thromboembolism associated with it may be as high as 24%.1 On the other hand, whether chronic, uncorrected low hematocrit affects the regression of left-ventricular hypertrophy after successful transplantation is not clear.3 Use of immunosuppressants after transplantation affects hematocrit recovery. Compared with the treatment regimen of azathioprine and antilymphocyte globulin, cyclosporine has been associated with more posttransplant erythrocytosis.1 However, the impact of the widely used immunosuppressant mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) on posttransplant recovery from uremic anemia has not been addressed. Methods. We investigated the hematocrit changes in consecutive renal transplant recipients who retained graft function for at least one year and received prednisone with MMF (n = 120), using azathioprine (n = 140) as a historical control. Other possible contributing factors included age, gender, race, smoking, diabetes, polycystic kidney disease, duration of dialysis before transplantation, pretransplant hematocrit, native nephrectomy, delayed graft function, transplant renal artery stenosis or hydronephrosis, increased serum creatinine, cumulative rejection episode, use of antibody for induction, and the dosage of immunosuppressants.1,4 Subnormal hematocrit was defined as <39% and <36% for men and women, respectively5; the corresponding values for high hematocrit were >51% and >48%, respectively.6 Results. Patients receiving azathioprine and MMF were comparable in age (45.3 ± 13.1 vs. 43.6 ± 15.5 y, mean ± SD), gender (male 67.5% vs. 59.3%), diagnosis, duration of pretransplant dialysis (median 10.4 vs. 11.1 mo), living donor transplant (33.3% vs. 27.1%), retransplant (11.7% vs. 13.6%), HLA-antigen match (2.1 ± 1.6 vs. 2.0 ± 1.8), cold ischemia Letters


Black cumin (nigella sativa) is a traditional plant which has an antifungal effect on candida albicans which causes denture stomatitis in denture wearers. The purpose of this study was to find out whether there is an inhibitory effect of black cumin extract (nigella sativa) on acrylic dentures. The method used is True Experimental and Post Test With Control Group design. The descriptive statistical test was continued by the Kruskal Wallis test. The sample in this finding consisted of 4 samples, namely black cumin extract (nigella sativa) concentrations of 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% Results: In the statistical test there was an inhibition zone of black cumin extract (nigella sativa) concentration of 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. The conclusion of this study is that the inhibition of Candida albicans will increase along with the increase in the concentration of black cumin extract (nigella sativa).


This paper discusses briefly the nature of viscous losses and solid friction losses, both of which may cause sound waves to be attenuated as they travel through a physical medium. A simple experimental technique for determining the nature and magnitude of the loss factor in small rock samples is described, and data are given which indicate that solid friction losses are primarily responsible for the observed attenuation of the seismic waves employed in the seismic reflection method. A method of estimating the attenuation factor of earth materials from seismic reflection records is outlined and it is shown that the values so obtained are not inconsistent with the laboratory data. Frequency characteristic curves of seismic wave paths are derived on the basis of the experimental data.


After years of slogging away in practice spaces and riff dens in Melbourne, YEAR OF THE RAT have finally crawled out from their burrow of shredding pits ...


Protection during work with closed radioactive preparations may be quite effective if the designing of a radiologic al department and protective equipment take into account the features peculiar to the technological process of radium therapy. Intermediate operations have been shown to be the cause of excessive irradiation of the personnel. The new protective equipment made necessary the introduction of alterations in the existing technological process. (auth)


Objective:To study the curative effect of acupuncture and moxibustion and the comprehensive treatment of swallowing dis- ordersMethods:60 patients with swallowing disorder after stroke,and then divided into A,B two groups (30 cases,two groups were giv- en to the comprehensive treatment group A swallowing disorder,group B with acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of disorders; Re- sults:after treatment group A significant efficiency higher than that of group B; Conclusion:comprehensive treatment of swallowing disor- ders of rehabilitation to improve swallowing function obtains the good effect.


By using of extending order and modal transformation of dynamic equation,a Lyapunov equation was established,and the solution of the Lyapunov equation could be used to directly obtain stationary random vibration response variance of large-scale finite element structure.Duffing system was linearized by equivalent linearization method,and the Lyapunov equation was solved to get the variance of random vibration response of duffing system.The precision has been justified by simulation,showing that the presented method is efficient and precise.


The authors designed a 20-year cross-sectional study using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database. The purpose of the study is to determine the risk factors for hospital admission among individuals who suffer head and neck injuries secondary to trampoline use. The primary predictor variables were a set of heterogenous variables that were categorized into the forementioned study variable groups (patient characteristics and injury characteristics). The primary outcome variable was hospital admission. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine independent risk factors for hospital admission. The final sample consisted of 13,474 reports of trampoline injuries to the head and neck. Relative to females, males (OR 1.66, P < .05) were at an increased risk for hospital admissions. Fractures (OR 35.23, P < .05) increased the risk for hospital admissions relative to dental injuries. Concerning anatomical region of injury, neck injuries (OR 30.53, P < .05) were at an increased risk for hospital admissions. Injuries to the neck from trampoline jumping significantly increased the risk for admission. The severity of neck injuries from trampoline jumping is well established in the literature. Additionally, male sex and fractures were each risk factors for hospital admission. Given the rising prevalence of trampoline-related head and neck injuries over the past 2 decades, it is crucial for individuals to take the necessary precautions when jumping on a trampoline.


In this issue of Cell Cycle, Kozakova et al. report that MAGEA1 stimulates the E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of TRIM31 within a TRIM31-MAGEA1-NSE4 complex.1 The melanoma-associated antigens, MAGEs, ...


Background and Objectives: Painting workshops are part of the woodwork (carpentry) industry in which despite advances in technology, the work force fulfills most of the roles in the production process. Since such manual activities are often performed with awkward postures due to lack of workers' awareness and inappropriate design of tools and working conditions, ergonomic assessment of work environment and working condition improvement seems essential. Designing evaluation checklist and calculating ergonomics indexes can be useful in this assessment. This study was conducted on workers of painting workshops of furniture industry with the objectives of a) evaluation of level of exposure to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) risk factors and b) determination of action category levels in the workshops. Methods: After conducting task analysis in the painting workshops, 47 workers were assessed by the designed ergonomic checklist and ergonomic indexes were calculated. Finally, the risk factors were determined. Ergonomics indexes were considered as the criteria to demonstrate the workshops ergonomic conditions and to determine action category for working condition improvement. Nordic musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire was also applied to determine prevalence rate of MSDs among workers. Data were analyzed using statistical tests including t-test and test of proportion. Results: Mean of age was 28.78 (range=17-58). The highest prevalence was reported in lower back (38.3%). Statistical analysis revealed that there were significant associations between occurrence of MSDs and calculated ergonomics indexes (P<0.05). The higher the means of ergonomics indexes (showing ergonomically better working conditions), the lower MSDs prevalence rate would be. Totally, 85.11% of the workers studied were in the first priority of action category (i.e., ergonomic measures should be done as quickly as possible). Inappropriate hand tools, awkward postures and unsuitable organization were determined as risk factors in the workshops studied. Conclusion: The designed checklist was found to be an appropriate, rapid and low cost tool for ergonomic evaluation of working conditions and determining measures for ergonomic improvement. In the painting workshops most problems were originated from inappropriate hand tools, awkward working postures and unsuitable work organization


This paper analyses Joseph Blanco White's English translations of tales XI and XLIV of Don Juan Manuel's El conde Lucanor (c. 1331-1335), which were published in the New Monthly Magazine in 1824. In these fairly free translations, Blanco rewrites and recontextualises the tales by updating and adapting them to the knowledge and expectations of the target readership. His translation decisions, paratexts and the articles on El conde Lucanor that he also published in Variedades; o Mensajero de Londres in 1824 shed light on his ideas on Spanish literature and national identity as well as on his role as commentator and disseminator of Spanish culture in Britain. His translations construct a particular representation of Spain where he underlines those aspects that he believes to be genuinely Spanish, while also including some stereotypical elements of the Romantic image of Spain in Britain.


Submitted for the MAR07 Meeting of The American Physical Society Synchronized Cycles: An allosteric model of the cyanobacterial circadian oscillator DAVID LUBENSKY, University of Michigan, J.S. VAN ZON, Imperial College, P. ALTENA, P.R. TEN WOLDE, AMOLF (Amsterdam) — In a remarkable experiment, Nakajima et al. [Science, 2005] showed that the 3 cyanobacterial clock proteins KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC are sufficient to generate circadian phosphorylation of KaiC in vitro. This system is thus a rare example of a functioning biochemical circuit that can be reconstituted in the test tube. Theoretically, it presents the further challenge that the only reactions driven out of equilibrium are those associated with KaiC phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. Here, we present a model of the Kai system. At its heart is the assumption, motivated by classical models of allostery, that each KaiC hexamer to tends to be phosphorylated in a cyclic manner. For macroscopic oscillations to be possible, however, the cycles of the different hexamers must be synchronized. We propose a novel synchronisation mechanism that allows us to reproduce a wide range of published data, including temperature compensation of the oscillation period, and to make nontrivial predictions about the effects of varying the concentrations of the Kai proteins. David Lubensky University of Michigan Date submitted: 20 Nov 2006 Electronic form version 1.4


Purpose

The purpose of the study was to discover whether incorporating flours with high nutritive value along with pre-treatment of cereals with nixtamalization and sprouting of legumes would result in a high-quality healthy alternative for corn-based snacks.

Design/methodology/approach

Flours of nixtamalized cereals-corn, wheat, rice and sorghum and sprouted legumes-soybean and green gram are made into dough and baked instead of fried to form multi-grain chips. The particle size and physical properties of flour and nutritional, functional and textural properties of dough and chips are tested to study the effect of combination of nixtamalization of cereals and sprouting of legumes in the development of chips.

Findings

Baked multi-grain chips made of nixtamalized cereals and sprouted legumes had a significantly (p < 0.05) smaller particle size of 24.6 µm compared to T1 24.8 µm, C1 29.3 µm and C2 31.7 µm. T2 and C2 had significantly (p = 0.05) lower OAC value than C1 and T1 due to nixtamalization as nixtamalized flour needed half the amount of oil during dough formation. T1 showed highest calcium (mg/100 g) of 466 which was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than all other groups. The overall acceptability of T2 (8.6) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than T1 (7.8), C2 (7.4) and C1 (6.8) on the nine-point Hedonic scale.

Originality/value

The developed chips are superior in terms of higher protein and minerals with better organoleptic acceptability and lower fat content in comparison to both corn chips and nixtamalized corn chips. The multi-grain chip therefore offers a new option for the consumer in high-quality healthy alternative to corn-based fried snacks.


ABSTRACT Differing conceptions of the relationship between humans and the environment shape policies regarding Arctic development and protection. From the fifteenth century to the early twentieth century, conquest and colonization perspectives prevailed. While vestiges of these views still color Arctic policy, the dominant approach of governments today is balanced development. On the horizon, alternative conceptions are gradually changing both policy decisions and decision-making processes in the Arctic. These include sustainable and regenerative development, rational ecology, ecofeminism, and indigenous perspectives.


In this essay, I aim to interpret Miles's book "God. A biography" based on certain notions of scholastic thought, especially Suarezian, in order to adapt this theology to the demands of subjectivity. First, I examine the concept of God derived from the scholastic tradition and how -although it constitutes an important inheritance- it is not sufficient for the understanding of the Christian God. Second, I expose the theses of Miles and those of the scholastic tradition concerning the creation of the human being in the image and likeness of God and the individuality of both. Finally, I explain how these postulates can be reconciled through a theology of subjectivity in order to reestablish a dialectical relationship between human beings and God.


Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a multisystem endocrinopathy of reproductive age women with metabolic disturbances. The Rotterdam consensus workshop concluded that PCOS is a syndrome of ovarian dysfunction along with hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary morphology.
Objective: To find out the proportion of metabolic syndrome using the IDF criteria in women with PCOS.
Methodology: A hospital based descriptive study done over the period of one year. on the basis of the eligibility criteria 100 participants were finally got enrolled for the present study. Hyperandrogenism is assessed by Ferriman-Gallawey score >8 and insulin resistance by acanthosis nigricans. Statistical analysis don by using Medcalc 16.4 version software.
Result; 48.% cases were from 26-30 Years age group (P<0.005). 87.00% cases were from class IV socio-economic status (p<0.005) The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 34 % in PCOS cases. Total cholesterol level, HDL, LDL and TG in metabolic syndromic patients was significantly higher than non-metabolic syndrome patients
Conclusions: Despite treating the infertility and menstrual complaints of the PCOS patients, take it as an opportunity to screen for metabolic syndrome and advice on healthy diet, life style modification.
Keywords: MBS, Total Cholesterol , Rotterdam Consensus , Ferriman-Gallawey Score , IDF Criteria


Recent work has shown that linear mechanisms can lead to substantial transient growth in the energy of small disturbances in incompressible flows even when the Reynolds number is below the critical value predicted by linear stability (eigenvalue) analysis. In this note it is shown that linear growth mechanisms are necessary for transition in flows governed by the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations and that non‐normality of the linearized Navier–Stokes operator is a necessary condition for subcritical transition.


Desynchronized clocks among network nodes in critical infrastructures can degrade system performance and even lead to safety incidents. Clock synchronization protocols based on network message exchanges, though widely used in current network systems, are susceptible to delay attacks against the packet transmission. This vulnerability cannot be solved by conventional security measures, such as encryption, and remains an open problem. This article proposes to use the sine voltage waveform of a utility power grid to synchronize network nodes connected to the same grid. Our experiments demonstrate that minute fluctuations of the voltage's cycle length encode fine-grained global time information in Singapore's utility grid. Based on this key result, we develop a clock synchronization approach that achieves good accuracy and is provably secure against packet-delay attacks. Implementation results show that our approach achieves an average synchronization error of 0.1 ms between two network nodes that are deployed in office and residential buildings 10 km apart. When the proposed system is deployed within the same floor of an office building, the error reduces to 10 μs. When there are heavy industrial loads close to one of the two nodes 10 km apart, the system can still maintain subsecond accuracy. Moreover, when the two nodes are deployed within the same building floor with industrial loads nearby, the average synchronization error is 34 μ


By combining the original LIGA-process with a sacrificial layer technique, movable microstructures are fabricated to realize microsensor and microactuator elements. As examples of movable microstructures a capacitive acceleration sensor, a microturbine, and a linear comb-drive have been fabricated. Their characteristics and results concerning their behavior are presented.<<ETX>>


Enterprise's IT capability has attracted more and more attention from the academic circles and corporate circles, but whether IT resources can promote enterprise performance and its effect mechanism have not been theoretically clarified. Based on resource-based view, this essay considers enterprise's capabilities of configuring and optimizing IT resources as the source of its IT-based sustained competitive advantage. Taking Chinese enterprises as the objects, it constructs the structural equation model for an empirical test. As shown in this study, IT infrastructure cannot form IT capabilities independently along with the gradual popularization and commercialization of IT technologies; the study verifies that IT capabilities can affect enterprise performance through two mediator variables, namely, "IT strategic alignment" and "IT support for core competencies" it is also discovered in this study that, compared with "IT strategic alignment", enterprise performance is more frequently construed as "IT support for core competencies". In the end, the future study on enterprise's IT capabilities is discussed.


Introduction An Alternative Model Organisation PART ONE: ZONES OF CONFLICT Introduction The Modernist Critique Ethnosymbolists and Recurring Factors Ethnogenetic Factors Ethnie as Social and Political Actors The Rise of States and Modern Processes Ethnic Continuities and Modern Nations Conclusions PART TWO: THE REVIVALIST REVOLUTION Introduction Romanticism as an Ethnocultural Movement National Revivalism and Social Transformation Moral Innovators National Sacrifice and Mythic Overlaying Conclusions PART THREE: CULTURAL WARS Introduction Cultural Wars in Modern Nations The Roots of Conflict Significance and Consequences Polarisation The Elaboration of a National Identity Persisting Differences Conclusions PART FOUR: HOT AND BANAL NATIONALISMS Introduction The Rise of the Mass Nation Nationalism from below Patterns of Mass Identification with the Nation Fluctuating Identities Banal Nationalism Conclusions PART FIVE: NATIONALISM AND THE CLASH OF CIVILISATIONS Introduction Globalisation and Nationalism Regionalism European Union and the National States The Clash of Civilisations Conclusions


Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare inherited primary immunodeficiency that affects phagocytic cells. CGD patients are susceptible to fungal infections, especially Aspergillus infections. The management of life‐threatening Aspergillus infections in CGD is particularly difficult because some infections cannot be eradicated with standard antifungal treatments and, hence, result in death.


Placental insufficiency is the failure of the placenta to supply nutrients to the fetus and remove toxic wastes; it is a common cause of intra uterine growth restriction (IUGR), fetal distress peri and postnatal mortality. Specifically gestational diabetes and hypertension during pregnancy alters placental architecture which contributes to insufficiency of the placenta. Placenta is the most accurate record of infant's prenatal experiences. Clinical condition such as hypertension and diabetes that complicate pregnancy leads to significant structural changes in placenta, these histological changes and  morphological alterations in placenta lead to insufficiency, resulting in IUGR and fetal distress. In the present study morphology of placentas collected from diabetic and hypertensive pregnancy will be observed, the histo-pathological findings will be recorded and correlated to birth weight, APGAR scores and congenital anomalies of babies and will be compared to the findings in normal placentas also. This study will be beneficial for obstetrician and pediatrician in gathering knowledge about patho genesis of placental insufficiency; it will add to the knowledge on placental morphology and will high light the abnormalities in placental  anatomy.


Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been anticipated to be a novel cost-effective technology to improve the performance of future wireless systems. In this paper, we investigate a practical RIS-aided multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system in the presence of transceiver hardware impairments, RIS phase noise and imperfect channel state information (CSI). Joint design of the MIMO transceiver and RIS reflection matrix to minimize the total average mean-square-error (MSE) of all data streams is particularly considered. This joint design problem is non-convex and challenging to solve due to the newly considered practical imperfections. To tackle the issue, we first analyze the total average MSE by incorporating the impacts of the above system imperfections. Then, in order to handle the tightly coupled optimization variables and non-convex NP-hard constraints, an efficient iterative algorithm based on alternating optimization (AO) framework is proposed with guaranteed convergence, where each subproblem admits a closed-form optimal solution by leveraging the majorization-minimization (MM) technique. Moreover, via exploiting the special structure of the unit-modulus constraints, we propose a modified Riemannian gradient ascent (RGA) algorithm for the discrete RIS phase shift optimization. Furthermore, the optimality of the proposed algorithm is validated under line-of-sight (LoS) channel conditions, and the irreducible MSE floor effect induced by imperfections of both hardware and CSI is also revealed in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime. Numerical results show the superior MSE performance of our proposed algorithm over the adopted benchmark schemes, and demonstrate that increasing the number of RIS elements is not always beneficial under the above system imperfections.


The study introduced the utilization situation of some turf grasses in Chongqing and compared the differences in turf using and utilization characteristics among them. Several key questions in establishing and managing turf in special transitional weather in Chongqing were also presented.


One century and seventy years that passed since the first publishing of the Manifesto of the Communist Party (Marx, Engels, 1848), present a good reason to invite the interested authors to reflect on the actuality of main theses of Marx and Engels who summarized them already in this programmatic work while they were still in their twenties, elaborating these theses further in later works, closely related to ups and down of the proletarian class struggle. In the following paragraphs we will review the main theses that are still relevant for understanding the contemporary historical processes and for orienting the action of anti systemic social movements.


The article considers two factors of the energy efficiency of the technical insulation system, namely the operational stability of thermal insulation products and the reduction of energy costs for their manufacture, these are the subject of research described in the article. The results of testing technological measures aimed at improving the energy efficiency of insulation systems for technical objects, and, in particular, pipelines for hot water and heat supply, are considered. A feature of the technology of multi-wool cylinders is that a raw wound product is pre-formed from a mineral wool carpet, which is then subjected to heat treatment. The mineral wool cylinder is heated by suction of the coolant through the carpet layer, followed by curing of the binder. When using a binder, the curing of which takes place in the temperature range $130-140^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$, it becomes possible to optimize the heat treatment parameters aimed at increasing the uniformity of the curing of the binder in the product and directly reduce energy costs. Based on the research results, an algorithm has been developed, a computer program has been compiled and tested to select the heat treatment parameters taking into account the properties of mineral fibers, a binder and a mineral wool carpet.


Recently, railway bridges are variously constructed with new technologies using long span for cost down and efficiency of prestress method. In case of below 40m span, they have been mainly applied with prestressed concrete (PSC) girder type considering economic efficiency. In this study, Individual prestress method is used improving conventional secondary prestress of PSC girder. And it is suggested simplification of anchorage using Flat duct. And dynamic characteristics of it are analyzed for 30m span railway bridges. It was performed by speed up incrementally every 10km/hr. to maximum speed of KTX, EMU train load which is actually on operation in commercial lines. It is founded that the suggesting railway bridge type is substantially satisfied with dynamic design criteria.


In a recent Gifted Child Today article (March/ April, 1996), Frances Karnes and Tracy Riley described the benefits which can accrue when gifted young people participate in various academic and intellectual competitions. We con cur, but we would like to extend their argument to include games. Games of strategy and skill give partici pants an opportunity to use critical and analytical think ing skills, creative problem-solving skills, and metacognition in a setting that is abstract, complex, competitive, social, and fun.


A high performance implementation of an algorithm based on the learning process of the human vision as an edge-enhancing filter for medical images is proposed. It is based on a cognitive image processing algorithm that emulates the contour identification process that is believed to be used by the human brain. The algorithm is implemented on an innovative and high performance embedded system for real-time pattern matching. The system design uses Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) and the powerful Associative Memory chip (an ASIC) to achieve real-time performance. We present the first results of the algorithm as a 3-D edge detection filter using Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI).


One of the topical directions of modern fractal radio physics is the multifractal analysis of signals and processes of various origins. A set of deterministic and stochastic models of monofractal and multifractal signals and processes in the time domain is proposed. New multifractal signal characteristics, namely, the coefficient of asymmetry of the multifractal spectrum function, the relative width of the multifractal spectrum and the dimension of the multifractal support, are introduced, the necessity of their use is demonstrated on examples. Using Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima Method and Multi-Fractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis Method, a detailed multifractal analysis of model signals is performed. The features of multifractal analysis of monofractal, multifractal and non-fractal signals are established, the appropriate recommendations for practitioners are formulated. Convenient formats for presenting analysis results have been developed. It was found that during the transition of the multifractal signal to the monofractal regime, the function of the multifractal spectrum of the physical fractal does not collapse into a point, as it should happen in theory for a mathematical fractal. Threshold values of multifractal characteristics, which are indicators of the appearance of the monofractal, are proposed. It has been shown that multifractal analysis of non-fractal signals leads to the appearance of multifractal spectra with anomalous values of multifractal characteristics. The correction function method is modified for the methods of multifractal analysis of signals and processes. It is proved that its usage makes it possible to reduce the deviation of the obtained estimate of the generalized Hurst exponent from the true known value of the Hölder exponent of the analyzed signal from 5 – 90% to 3 – 8%.


In this paper, coupling between active and reactive powers in conventional direct power control (DPC) strategies is analyzed and a new direct DPC method for doubly fed induction machine without rotor position sensors is presented. Coupling analysis is done on an improved DPC strategy with rotor flux controllers in the stator reference frame. The presented control strategy is done by controlling the rotor flux in the grid flux reference frame. The rotor flux command is calculated using a predicted stator flux, the stator current command, and the stator resistance. Moreover, the rotor position is estimated by comparing measured and estimated values of the rotor current. Furthermore, to reduce the method's sensitivity to the parameter inaccuracies, the mutual inductance of the machine is updated during the machine operation by the error between the magnitudes of the measured and estimated values of the rotor current.


Conformations of a substrate of subtilisin enzyme, N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-alanyl-L-alanyl-L-leucyl-p-nitroanilide have been explored using molecular dynamics simulations. The dynamic structure is characterized by overall extended and folded conformations of the peptide.


Aims: To scientific determine the phytochemical constituents of ethanol extract of B. coriacea (EEBC) powdered seeds and its effects on the serum lipid profile, serum atherogenic index, and lipid peroxidation in the serum of hypercholesterolemic rats. Study Design: Twenty male albino rats were used for the experiment. They were divided into four groups, 5 rats in each. The administration is as follows: GROUP 1 (Normal control): 0.3ml of corn oil only, GROUP 2 (experimental control): 40 mg/kg body weight of cholesterol only, GROUP 3 (standard drug treatment): 40 mg/kg body weight of cholesterol and 260mg/kg body weight of cholestyramine, GROUP 4 (extract treatment): 40 mg/kg body weight of cholesterol and 250mg/kg body weight of EEBC. performed. Data were statistically analyzed by one way ANOVA followed by post hoc Duncan multiple range comparison tests. Results: EEBC powdered seeds contains tannins, carbohydrates, saponins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids and alkaloids. The level of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL – cholesterol, atherogenic index significantly decreased ( P=.05 ) by 29.5%, 41.5%, 39.2%, 77.4% respectively in the extract – treated group compared with experimental group. Whereas the experimental group showed a significant ( P=.05 ) increase compared with normal control. There was a significant ( P=.05 ) increase of 67.9% in the serum HDL cholesterol of the extract – treated group compared with the experimental group. Whereas the experimental group showed a significant ( P=.05 ) decrease in comparison with the normal control. A significant ( P=.05 ) decrease of 36% in the amount of serum malondialdehyde was produced in the extract – treated groups compared with the experimental control which showed a significant ( P=.05 ) increase compared with the normal control. Conclusion: EEBC seed powder has potent anti- atherogenic properties.


The article analyzes how the interpretation of 'universal' geopolitical ideas, especially those related to images of US power, depend on national as well as publishing and rhetorical interests. More specifically, by using Lithuanian examples, the historical circumstances of the reception of geopolitical ideas in Central and Eastern European countries are considered. It is suggested that different expectations with regards to certain geopolitical ideas often leads to misunderstanding or unreflective acceptance of new intellectual fashions. One can also reasonably doubt the straight transmission to Lithuania of the division between the intellectual traditions of the right and the left (in the way these traditions are manifested in Western Europe or the US). Nevertheless, accelerated public intellectuals' relations with different contexts created by globalization (access of the Internet, translations, academic journeys, international conferences, seminars) help to escalate these tendencies. In this, the success of post-Soviet cultural elites in establishing their forms of geopolitical identities depends on their ability to critically evaluate those different contexts.


In this paper we introduce the concept of (i,j)–πgβ-closed set in intuitionistic fuzzy bitopological spaces as a generalization of πgβ-closed set in fuzzy bitopological space and study their related notions in bitopological spaces. Next, we introduce (i,j)–πgβ- open sets in intuitionistic fuzzy bitopological spaces, and investigate some of their basic properties. Using these concepts, the characterizations for the intuitionistic fuzzy pairwise (i,j)–πgβ continuous mappings are obtained. The relationships between intuitionistic fuzzy pairwise (i,j)–πgβ continuous mappings are discussed. Finally, we prove the irresoluteness in (i,j)–πgβ intuitionistic fuzzy bitopological spaces.


Some analytical and experimental investigations were done on the arrangement and orientation of fibers in steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) specimens incorporating various volume fractions of fibers. The distribution functions of fiber location variables were investigated that can be used to produce an analytic model to predict the mechanical properties of SFRC. Considering the effect of surrounding boundaries and distribution function, theoretical expressions were derived for the number of fibers per unit cross sectional area in SFRC. A comparison between empirical results and the theory were done to confirm the analytical results. The amount of fibers added to a concrete mix is expressed as a percentage of the total volume of the composite (concrete and fibers), termed volume fraction (Vf). Vf typically ranges from 0.1 to 3%. Fibers with a non-circular cross section use an equivalent diameter for the calculation of aspect ratio.


In recent times Inhalant or Volatile substances are emerging as a major drug of abuse in the preadolescent and adolescent age group. Most of the children are from broken homes and poor backgrounds. Inhalants have serious immediate and longterm side-effects and can also cause sudden sniffing death syndrome. It is difficult to control this ever-growing problem because Inhalants or Solvents are widely available. Management issues have been discussed in the review.


Background: Hepatotoxicity deserves serious attention due to mortality, morbidity and treatment discontinuation in HIV-seropositive patients. Objectives: The study aimed at evaluating the impacts of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) on liver function of under-five children in Southern Nigeria. Method: In five hospitals, 238 under-five children were enrolled after ethical permission was received from Ethics and Research committees and written consent were obtained from participants' care-givers. Participants were divided into six groups: the HIV-seropositive either on HAART (group A, n= 91) or cotrimoxazole (group B, n= 11) and four other groups who were HIV-seronegative. Among this second cohort were those commenced on nevirapine for six weeks post-exposure (group C1, n= 24) and co-trimoxazole at 6 months (group C2, n= 18) or 18 months (group C3, n= 48) post-exposure. The last group received no medication (group D, n= 46). Initially, a blood sample of 2ml was obtained from each participant and was assayed for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). After threeand six-months from the time of initial study, only group A participants were restudied for the liver enzymes' assay. Body mass index of the participants were also determined. Mean and standard deviation of the parameters of participants in group A was compared with those from other groups by using ANOVA. The differences in the parameters were considered significant at p ≤0.05. Results: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was significantly higher in group A compared to group B (12.8±11.0 IU/L vs 6.5±2.6 IU/L, p= 0.245), group C1 (12.8±11.0 IU/L vs 10.9±7.8 IU/L, p= 0.910), group C2 (12.8±11.0 IU/L vs 11.7±20.7 IU/L, p= 0.995), group C3 (12.8±11.0 IU/L vs 11.2±6.9 IU/L, p= 0.868), and group D (12.8±11.0 IU/L vs 5.8±3.4 IU/L, p= 0.001). After three and six months of monitoring, ALT of group A was significantly decreased by 39.3% (p= 0.001) and 50.6% (p= 0.000) respectively. Conclusion: The elevated ALT of under-five HIV-infected children on HAART lowered after six months of monitoring.


For the control of surface traffic noise, essential procedures would be the reduction of noise at the source. However, in many cases, it is rather difficult to obtain quiet environmental situations only through the emission control of the sources. Most practical noise control procedures are aimed at the noise reduction during the propagation of noise from the source to the receiver. Thus for this end, the application of sound barriers is the most practical method for the control of traffic noise. This paper discusses sound barrier applications in Japan, including the basic structure and design of barriers.


First defined morphological and cytochemical criteria of the contents of succinate dehydrogenase (LDH) in blood leukocytes of horses under the conditions of the Kirov region. It was established that the average for LDH in neutrophils and lymphocytes in mares higher than that of horses. Found that changes in the cellular composition of blood LDH most variable of horses than in mares. The contents of this enzyme in leukocytes mares is stable in all age groups. Changes in the concentration of LDH in horses leukocytes indicate the metabolic activity and ability to establish the cellular immunity.


Background: Unstable carotid plaques that consist of large lipid pool and intra-plaque hemorrhage are more likely to cause cerebral infarction. We previously developed an integrated backscatter (IB...


Islanded DC microgrid architecture and control have become popular recently. One of the main control architectures is the DC bus voltage following type, where a main generator controls the DC bus voltage and the others follow the bus voltage and the power commands. Conventionally, the power regulation in the following generators is often employed with the droop control method. The main problem of the droop control is the non-precise power sharing characteristic. One of the improvement approaches is to use PI controllers for correcting the power share. However, PI controllers do not provide optimal control. Thus, in this paper a new power control method utilizing model predictive control is proposed and applied in the power control for islanded DC microgrids. The algorithm and method are presented and validated through simulation in MATLAB/Simulink and PLECS.


it into a systematic account of the applications of vaccine treatment to the bacterial diseases of the various parts of the body." Consequently the book has been completely re-written for the present edition. It is divided into twelve chapters. The first chapter deals with the antibodies; toxin and antitoxin; agglutinins; lysins; opsinins. The nature, source and functions of these are discussed. In the next chapter the value of opsonic index estimations in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment is considered. In the two following chapters the method of preparation and administration of the vaccine; and the rationale of vaccine treatment and causes of failure are fully dealt with. In chapters 5 to 12 the application of vaccine therapy in the diseases of the various systems is set forth in detail. The opinion of the author in regard to the value of the opsonic index as a guide in vaccine therapy may be gleaned from the following (page 81) :?"The impression will,no doubt, have been received that I regard the opsonic index as


In this third installment in our Dissent series "Party of the Future: Voices from the Millennial Generation," seven authors offer essays on their time abroad that break with the vision Mark Twain and so many novelists have put forward of naïve Americans getting life lessons from worldly Europeans. Our seven did not arrive on foreign shores carrying unearned confidence. Whether they went abroad in the role of visitor, soldier, reporter, or Peace Corps volunteer, they did everything they could to avoid being viewed as Ugly Americans who respect neither the language nor the culture of the country they are in.


Malta's path of economic development benefited from international trade, as the country is situated on trade routes linking Europe, Africa and Asia. This paper aims to look at the country's location, trade agreements, cultural attributes and size in a gravity model framework. Its almost 50 year old relationship with the EU and its precursors, coupled with its strategic location, led to extraordinary growth rates in trade in goods between 1960 and 2016. The various versions of the gravity model applied here suggest strong and significant impacts of successive trade agreements with the European continent for both exports and imports. This is looked at using nominal, real and sectoral data. Nominal figures show how for every 10.0% difference in distance, exports and imports fall by 11.1% and 7.5% respectively, on average across the methodologies used. In real terms, a 10.0% difference in distance decreases real exports by 6.9%, on average, across the methodologies, and imports by 5.5%. JEL classification: C23, F1, F14, F15.


Abstract
Background: Multiplex real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) is a fast, sensitive and specific test to detect more than one target in single PCR reaction. In this study we developed multiplex rRT-PCR for RSV-A and RSV-B since those viruses are the most common pathogen found in respiratory tract. However, in order to gain optimal reaction for RSV-A and RSV-B detection, the optimization of primers and probes specific for RSV-A and RSV B are needed.
Method: The primers and probes of multiplex rRT-PCR for RSV-A and RSV-B were selected and optimized utilizing PerlPrimer software and BLAST to analyze the secondary structures and specificity, respectively. Further testing of selected primers and probes for rRT-PCR was done using annealing temperature based on in silico analysis as mentioned above. This includes sensitivity testing with the utilization of synthesized DNA of RSV-A and RSV-B and specificity testing targeting the common viruses found in respiratory tract.
Results: The primer set and probes selected for RSV-A and RSV-B detection were specific only for RSV-A and RSV-B and showed no secondary structure. Based on primer and probe criteria for rRT-PCR such as annealing temperature, no secondary structure formed, % GC content and limit of detection, the multiplex rRT-PCR test using selected primers and probes was able to detect synthesized DNA of RSV-A and RSV-B.
Conclusion: Multiplex rRT-PCR that employing primer sets and probes targeted N gene of RSV-A and RSV-B in this study were able to be detect RSV-A and RSV-B in single PCR reaction.
Keyword: Multiplex, real-time RT-PCR, RSV-A, RSV-B

Abstrak
Latar belakang: Multiplex real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) merupakan metode yang cepat, sensitif dan spesifik untuk mendeteksi lebih dari satu target pathogen dalam satu reaksi PCR. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan multiplex rRT-PCR virus RSV-A dan RSV-B yang merupakan patogen yang paling sering ditemukan di saluran pernafasan. Optimisasi dari primer dan probe dalam multiplex rRT-PCR diperlukan untuk mendapatkan reaksi yang optimal dalam deteksi virus RSV-A dan RSV-B.
Metode: Primer dan probe untuk multiplex rRT-PCR RSV-A dan RSV-B dipilih dan dioptimasi menggunakan software PerlPrimer dan BLAST untuk menganalisis adanya struktur sekunder serta spesifisitas dari primer dan probe. Uji multiplex rRT-PCR dilanjutkan berdasarkan suhu annealing berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan PerlPrimer. Uji sensitifitas dilakukan dengan menggunakan DNA sintetis dari RSV-A dan RSV-B dan uji spesifisitas dilakukan dengan mengetes primer dan probe terhadap virus-virus lain yang umumnya ditemukan di saluran pernafasan.
Hasil: Primer dan probe yang dikembangkan pada penelitian ini tidak membentuk struktur sekunder dan spesifik mengamplifikasi hanya RSV-A dan RSV-B. Berdasarkan kriteria primer dan probe untuk digunakan dalam rRT-PCR yaitu suhu annealing, tidak adanya pembentukan struktur sekunder, % GC content serta detection limit, uji multiplex rRT-PCR yang dikembangkan pada penelitian ini mampu mendeteksi DNA sintetis RSV-A dan RSV-B.
Kesimpulan: Multiplex rRT-PCR dengan menggunakan primer dan probe untuk RSV-A dan RSV-B dapat mendeteksi RSV-A dan RSV-B dalam satu reaksi PCR.
Kata kunci: multiplex, real-time RT-PCR, RSV-A, RSV-B


Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters have become essential components in deep vein thrombosis treatment, and are particularly critical for preventing pulmonary embolisms in anticoagulation-resistant patients. Filter efficacy relies on maintaining IVC patency, or openness, by preventing filter-induced thrombosis following clot capture. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model has been developed to determine whether a candidate filter design elicits hemodynamic patterns that promote thrombus development. The CFD model yielded a steady-state flow solution describing blood velocity in the vicinity of an impermeable filter with various levels of clot accumulation. Filter and clot geometries were created based on filter explants after clot capture. Porous media flow within the clot was characterized using the Brinkman equations, whereas Non-Newtonian blood flow within the IVC was modeled using the Navier-Stokes equations. Clot porosity and permeability values were varied to simulate clot accumulation over time. Decreasing clot porosity and permeability resulted in higher wall shear stress (WSS), suggesting that clot maturity modulates thrombotic potential. Filter edge velocity increased from unoccluded to occluded filter state with nonuniform longitudinal and radial shear stress patterns, indicating that local thrombogenicity varies with both clot state and position.


Research carried out in 2019-2020 in four regions of central Russia, showed that three species of fungi from the genus Cytospora (Cytospora ambiens, C. grossularia and C. ribes) are found on the desiccating branches of black currants, red currants, golden currants, and gooseberries. In the Moscow region, two species have been marked: C. grossularia and C. ribes. The species Cytospora ribes was the most widespread. In the Yaroslavl region, 3 species of the genus Cytospora were mentioned on black currants, red currants, and gooseberries, these are Cytospora ambiens, C. grossularia and C. ribes. The fungus C. ambiens on red currants was found twice as often (33.3 %) than C. ribes (16.7 %). In the Bryansk region, the fungus Cytospora ambiens was revealed from the desiccated branches of black currant. The fungus Cytospora ribes was identified from plant samples of black currants taken at the Fruit station of the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (Moscow), and from the gooseberry C. grossularia. Currant infect ability records of currants and gooseberry to cytosporous desiccation showed that the most affected by Cytospora spp. there was golden currant with an average score of 1.32, and gooseberries were the least affected crop with an average score of 0.32.


Thatje et al. (2005) concluded that "only a few species with adaptive early life cycles, mainly through pelagic larvae or drifting stages" have been able to survive Antarctica's harsh conditions by "migrating from one shelf shelter to another" since the onset of glaciation ( 34 m.y.a.). Today, these extant species make up Antarctica's biodiversity. In addition, iceberg scouring is considered a destructive mechanism especially in species rich suspension feeder assemblages (Gutt & Piepenburg 2003, Gutt 2007, Barnes & Conlan 2007). However, a novel form of dispersal is proposed based on seabed photographs taken during expedition ANT XXI/2 (PS 65) of the German RV Polarstern in 2003–2004 to the eastern Weddell Sea. An unusually high ratio of obviously dead/living sponges (27/ 7) was recorded at stations (42, 43, 44) (Arntz & Brey 2005) representing a total area of 62 m. Spanning a distance of about 4 km at a depth of 450 m these were situated between two hotspots of suspension feeder communities (Fig. 1). The place in question is an inner shelf depression which was ice shelf covered until c. 25 years before the investigation (Grosfeld et al. 1989). There are two hypotheses which could explain the high proportion of dead sponges:


A diagnostic assay that quantifies the likelihood of breast cancer recurrence in women with newly diagnosed, early stage breast cancer. In addition to predicting distant disease recurrence, Oncotype DX also assesses the benefit from certain types of chemotherapy. T he assay, performed using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue, analyzes the expression of a panel of 21 genes and the results are provided as a Recurrence Score (0-100). T he gene panel was selected and the Recurrence Score calculation was derived through extensive laboratory testing and multiple independent clinical development studies. Oncotype DX is validated for use in breast cancer patients whose disease is newly diagnosed, stage I or II, node-negative, estrogen receptor-positive and who will be treated with tamoxifen. Qeios · Definition, February 7, 2020


Aqueous suspensions of rotenone were prepared by two general methods, namely: the addition of rotenone solutions in water miscible solvents to water and the mixing of powdered preparations of rotenone with water. Numerous solvents and protective colloids were tested. Permanent suspensions containing 0.05 to 0.5 gram of rotenone per liter and having the rotenone in a highly dispersed condition were obtained by the addition of pyridine solutions and acetone solutions containing tannic acid to water. Mixtures of certain dry protective materials with precipitated rotenone also gave satisfactory suspensions, when first made into a paste with water and then diluted to the desired concentration.

Permanent suspensions of rotenone were more readily obtainable in slightly alkaline conditions. It was found difficult to obtain lasting suspensions in hard water. Reference is made to entomological tests previously made with these suspensions.


1067. On Notes 1042, 1059. I n Note 1042 Mr. F J D. Syer gave a solution of a certain set of equations. I n Note 1039 Nr F C. Boon pointed out a considerably short,er solution. After the appearance of the first note, Mr. Syer noticed that t'he shorter solution was possible and sent i t to the editor with a request that i t might find a place in the Gazette, but owing to the time taken by a letter from Australia, his solution was not received until after the publication of the December Gazette containing Mr Boon's note. .~ -p.--. ~ . -~-


Fast and accurate design-space exploration is a critical requirement for enabling future hardware designs. However, big-data applications are often complex targets to evaluate on early performance models (e.g., simulators or RTL models) owing to their complex software-stacks, significantly long run times, system dependencies and the limited speed of performance models. To overcome the challenges in benchmarking complex big-data applications, in this paper, we propose a proxy generation methodology, CAMP that can generate miniature proxy benchmarks, which are representative of the performance of bigdata applications and yet converge to results quickly without needing any complex software stack support. Prior system-level proxy generation techniques model core locality features in detail, but abstract out memory locality modeling using simple stridebased models, which results in poor cloning accuracy for most applications. CAMP accurately models both core-performance and memory locality, along with modeling the feedback loop between the two. CAMP replicates core performance by modeling the dependencies between instructions, instruction types, control-flow behavior, etc. CAMP also adds a memory locality profiling approach that captures spatial and temporal locality of applications. Finally, we propose a novel proxy replay methodology that integrates the core and memory locality models to create accurate system-level proxy benchmarks. We demonstrate that CAMP proxies can mimic the original application's performance behavior and that they can capture the performance feedback loop well. For a variety of real-world big-data applications, we show that CAMP achieves an average cloning accuracy of 89%. We believe this is a new capability that can facilitate for overall system (core and memory subsystem) design exploration.


Stone mastic asphalt (SMA) and thin surfacing have been used in the UK for over 15 years. The primary location of failure and deterioration on the majority of thin surfacing is along the longitudinal joints. Traditionally, contractors used hot bitumen as the joint edge sealant material. More recently, many contractors used cold-applied bituminous edge sealants. This paper presents the findings of field and laboratory investigations aimed to explore which method provides the optimum performance of longitudinal joints. Dynamic shear rheology (DSR), indirect tensile strength (ITS), pull-off, permeability and air void content tests were performed. The results of the DSR tests showed that cold-applied sealant could outperform the field performance of the hot-applied 40/60 pen bitumen sealants. However, the adhesion and ITS tests showed that hot-applied sealant was more effective than the cold-applied sealant in creating a good bond between two asphalt mats. There was no significant difference in the permeabili...


The study used survey-style descriptive research. All of southwest Nigeria's media outlets made up the population. 200 respondents made up the study's sample, using a multi-stage sampling approach that included stratified random and simple random sampling techniques. A questionnaire titled "Level of Safety of Journalists Questionnaire" was used to gather data (LSJQ). The instrument's reliability was assessed using the Cronbach Alpha technique, and a reliability co-efficient of 0.81 was found. The validity of the instrument was proven through the face and content validity. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to examine the data acquired; more specifically, descriptive statistics were utilized for the research question and t-tests were employed for the research hypothesis. The study found a modest level of safety for journalists covering elections, and there is no discernible difference between male and female journalists' perceptions of this safety. Considering the results of this investigation, it was suggested that media organizations step up their efforts by offering the required protective gear to reporters during election seasons. Government and non-governmental organizations should work together to protect journalists during election seasons. There should be public awareness campaigns and programs against election-related violence against journalists.


Nonunion of the surgical neck of the proximal humerus can produce significant pain and disability, as well as a surgical challenge. No "gold standard" treatment has been identified. We describe a technique using a nonvascular fibular intramedullary graft in combination with a locking plate. This technique is contraindicated where avascular necrosis, infection, and major shortening (6 cm+) have been identified. Five patients with established humeral nonunion underwent fixation and nonvascularized intramedullary fibular grafting. A nonvascularized autologous fibular graft allows stable fixation, bony realignment, and the correction of small focal defects. This technique provides a cost-effective and reliable solution to this challenging condition.