The win ratio can incorporate different types of outcomes and enhance statistical power, making it a useful method for analysing composite outcomes in cardiovascular trials. The application of this approach to the PARADISE‐MI trial provides an additional perspective into understanding the effects of sacubitril/valsartan in patients with acute myocardial infarction.


With rapid development and deepen evolution of internet public opinion in the internet,a variety of new vocabulary and new string comes out due to the sudden of matters and the high frequence of new words occur on network,therefore,the current method of sub-dictionary has no effect on them in a large extent.The most important and most deadly is that those rare appear strings are divided into scattered fragments by the existing segmentation system,which will greatly affect the accuracy in extracting out the hot words and the keywords.Know that the situation will become the bottleneck of improving performance in network monitoring system.It analyzes the major advantages and disadvantages of several word segmentation and draw out the characteristics,using the local high-frequency of the keyword not included into dictionary in the monitoring public opinion,then calculating the anomalous bond between the abnormal words and its around words,finally,to identify the keywords not edit.The experiment shows:compared to the traditional segmentation algorithm,this segmentation algorithm can identify the keywords better and is more suitable for network monitoring public opinion.


This study aimed to determine whether hospital competition is associated with improved in-hospital mortality in Shanxi, China. We included a total of 46,959 hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 44,063 hospitalizations for pneumonia from 2015 to 2017. Hospital competition was measured as Herfindahl–Hirschman Index based on the patient predicted flow approach. Two-level random-intercept logistic models were applied to explore the effects of hospital competition on quality for both AMI and pneumonia diagnoses. Hospital competition exerts negative or negligible effects on inpatient quality of care, and the pattern of competition effects on quality varies by specific diseases. While hospital competition is insignificantly correlated with lower AMI in-hospital mortality (odds ratio (OR): 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77–1.11), high hospital competition was, in fact, associated with higher in-hospital mortality for pneumonia patients (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.51–2.64). Our study suggests that simply encouraging hospital competition may not provide effective channels to improve inpatient quality of health care in China's current health care system.


Micro‐Raman scattering spectra of bulk and porous GaAs and of individual nanocolumns were studied. The GaAs nanocolumns have radii of 50–100 nm and lengths between 5 and 25 µm. The experimental data are compared with the results of calculations predicting coupled LO‐phonon–plasmon and coupled Fröhlich‐plasmon modes using a dielectric function derived on the basis of an appropriate two‐dimensional effective medium theory. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The "essential singularity" of Mariluan, the forgotten novel of the realist cycle by Blest Gana, is encoded in the shifting of the gaze that extracts its power from the fecund sun of civilization to a counter gaze illuminated by the intolerable clarity of the Great Game in Chile: on one hand, the Other is always dead; on the other hand, he is indestructible.


In May 2018, the International IP Commercialization Council (IIPCC) hosted a conference titled "Meeting the Challenges to America's Economic Future: Charting the Course in U.S. Intellectual Property and Innovation Policy" that explored the current state of the U.S. patent system in the wake of the America Invents Act (AIA) of 2011, the most comprehensive patent reform legislation since the 1950s. As the conference transcripts reflect, many stakeholders are worried that our innovation ecosystem is at risk because the pendulum has swung too far against the protection of patent rights. This Introduction offers a balanced view of the state of the patent system in the United States. It discusses the problems facing accused infrigers that prompted Congress to pass the AIA, and considers the impact that legislation and other reform efforts implemented by the judiciary and the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office (PTO) have had on our patent system. While speakers at the IIPCC conference called on Congress to pass significant legislation like the Support Technology & Research for Our Nation's Growth and Economic Resilience (STRONGER) Patents Act, I believe the better approach is incremental reform led by the PTO — the entity that should serve as the nation's primary policymaker on patents and innovation.


SummaryFrom June 1960 to June 1961, one hundred and seven diabetic adults were submitted to a treatment with a French Riguanide (dimethylbiguanide, DMBG).These outpatients were carefully selected in order to fulfil the following conditions : no obesity, diabetes not controlled by diet alone, patients co-operative enough to follow a steady diet during the whole trial, to perform daily their own urine analysis and write down the results in a note book.They were submitted to an average of six periods of alternate treatment either with diet alone, diet + DMBG or diet + placebos (similar in all respects to the DMBG tablets). Most patients followed also one or more periods of sulfonamide treatment and some cases were treated with insulin. Transfer from insulin to DMBG was done progressively.Control of the diabetes was assessed by body weight, daily urine analysis and frequent titrations of glucose in the blood and urine at various moments of the day. Results of treatment with the drug were considered good when ...


Abstract:In Gill Lewis's debut novel, Sky Hawk (2011) two children befriend a wounded osprey, starting a chain reaction that ultimately saves a Ghambian girl. However, the animal itself becomes increasingly decorporalized in the process. As this article argues, the human-animal bond in Sky Hawk becomes stronger the more indirect the children's means of relating to the animal become. Lewis's human characters can only relate to the symbolic animal, not the real one. While Sky Hawk, on the one hand, is unsettingly anthropocentric and negates direct access to the animal, the story also encourages to dare a metaphoric approach to animals.


The aim of this article is to show how analysis of film acting helps to understand movies and the genre they belong to, because acting can be considered as a generic invariant, that's to say, if we want to define a film genre we should study, apart from other elements, its specific acting pallen and their particular roles.


In this century, medicine has become a preoccupation of American society. Biology has replaced engineering and physics as the dominant science. The American public, stimulated by the media, is obsessed with health care issues, both personal and societal. Health care is a significant component of the American economy and medical technology has become an important American export. Despite this success, medicine has recently been gripped by a siege mentality. American business and government have unleashed economic forces which have shaken the foundation which medicine has erected over the past four decades. Hospitals are failing, physician reimbursement is falling and federal support for medical education is under attack. Therefore, as we stand on the threshold of the twentyfirst century, the future ofAmerican medicine appears uncertain, if not perilous. This feeling of uncertainty is not new for medicine and must be placed in the context oftwo historical perspectives. The first is that the profession of medicine, by its very nature, is an instrument of change. Medicine's quest for improving health has led to scientific advances which civilization now takes for granted. The second historical perspective is that healing is a fundamental human preoccupation. Over millennia, physicians have had important roles ranging from mystic priests to social activists and from beloved country doctor to high tech wizard. Therefore, medicine has a permanent but constantly evolving position in society. At any point in time, medicine's role reflects the science and beliefs of its era.


: Lateral Flow Immunoassays (LFA) have the potential to provide low cost, rapid and highly efficacious Point-of-Care (PoC) diagnostic testing in resource limited settings. Traditional LFA testing is semi-quantitative based on the calibration curve, which faces challenges in the detection of multilevel high-sensitivity biomarkers due its low sensitivity. This paper proposes a novel framework in which the LFA images are acquired from a designed CMOS reader system under controlled lighting. Unlike most existing approaches based on image intensity, the proposed system does not require detection of region of interest (ROI), instead each row of the LFA image was considered as time series signals. The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network was deployed to classify the LFA data obtained from cardiovascular biomarker, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), at eight concentration levels (within the range 0-5mg/L) that are aligned with clinically actionable categories. The performance under different arrangements for input dimension and parameters were evaluated. The preliminary results show that the proposed LSTM outperforms other popular classification methods, which demonstrate the capability of the proposed system to detect high-sensitivity CRP and suggests the potential of applications for early risk assessment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).


Gulf War veterans commonly experience a multi-symptom disorder called Gulf War Illness (GWI) that sometimes co-occurs with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD involves intrusive memories, avoidance of trauma-associated stimuli, and hyperarousal. Homocysteine, cortisol, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor may be important biomarkers for PTSD. Elevated homocysteine and low cortisol are commonly observed in PTSD, while conflicting evidence exists regarding brain derived neurotrophic factor. The low glutamate diet, which eliminates consumption of unbound glutamate to reduce excitotoxicity, has been shown to ameliorate GWI and PTSD symptoms. This study aimed to examine changes in serum homocysteine, cortisol, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor relative to PTSD severity in veterans with GWI after one month on the low glutamate diet. Data were analyzed for 33 veterans. PTSD scores significantly decreased post-diet. At baseline, homocysteine levels were higher in those with PTSD versus those without. There was no difference in cortisol or BDNF by PTSD status. There was a significant negative correlation between glutamate intake and change in cortisol, which held in a multivariable linear regression model, after adjustment for age, sex, and change in BMI. Cortisol increase was marginally associated (p=0.08) with PTSD reduction in a simple linear model . Change in BDNF and homocysteine were not significantly related to dietary adherence, nor were they significantly related to change in PTSD. Results suggest that


Albania records 300 sunny days of typical sub tropical/Mediterranean climate. 70% of the mountainous regions may pose not-so-suitability for typical cultivable agricultural food crops so there are possibilities to look at non-food crop sectors to harness renewable biomass energy for better livelihood of Albanians, the country marching towards renewable biomasses and estimates that by 2025 the penetration of family market heaters alone shall be of an average of 80% yield. On the contrary Albania is faced with soil erosion due to overgrazing and removal of forests through illegal logging in the hilly mountain regions. The authors after a crucial study suggest to go in for cultivation of thornless and flowerless Bamboo for sustainable renewable biomass energy as biofuels to harness not only electricity but also as gasification and as ready briquetts for cooking and water heating purposes. As of now the country is progressing with reforestation programs with economically viable option. According the authors cultivation of bamboo has two other purposes as soil rejuvenation by the enormous leaf fall that undergo natural decomposition to re-make of forest soils and to enter into faster reforestation programs by employing rural communities having tradition knowledge (tk) for economically sustainable cottage industrial programs for economic as well as socio-cultural improvements. The estimated energy potential from biomass residues from agricultural residues and animal wastes was calculated at approximately 43,000 GW and 12,700GJ respectively and of urban wastes was calculated as approx. 405.615Toe. However, these bulky organic residues must be reprocessed back through aerobic composting and/or vermicomposting (rather than burning out) to feed back to the cultivable lands to enhance organic matter in the soil for the balance of soil-microbe relationships and thereby to enhance better harvests as has been the scenario in India. As of now farmers are not aware about using the renewable energy production as resources to increase farm income since they are also facing big challenges to produce food crops. Sustainability through cultivation of thornless bamboo as renewable fuel biomass has been the current trend in India.


True Random Number Generators (TRNGs) use physical phenomenon as their source of randomness. In electronics, one of the most popular structures to build a TRNG is constructed based on the circuits that form propagation delays, such as a ring oscillator, shift register, and routing paths. This type of TRNG has been well-researched within the current technology of electronics. However, in the future, where electronics will use sub-nano millimeter (nm) technology, the components become smaller and work on near-threshold voltage (NTV). This condition has an effect on the timing-critical circuit, as the distribution of the process variation becomes non-gaussian. Therefore, there is an urge to assess the behavior of the current delay-based TRNG system in sub-nm technology. In this paper, a model of TRNG implementation in sub-nm technology was created through the use of a specific Look-Up Table (LUT) in the Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), known as SRL16E. The characterization of the TRNG was presented and it shows a promising result, in that the delay-based TRNG will work properly, with some constraints in sub-nm technology.


Background and Objectives: Chemotherapy has many side effects on tissues such as the liver.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise and curcumin on gene expression of apoptotic markers of liver tissue of cancer mice in doxorubicin treatment phase. Materials and Methods: The current research is of experimental type. 36 female Balb/c mice weighing 20±2 grams were randomly divided into six groups: G 1 healthy control, G 2 patient control group, G 3 patient+treatment (doxorubicin drug use), G 4 patient+treatment+aerobic exercise, G 5 patient+treatment+supplement group, and G 6 patient+treatment+supplement+aerobic exercise group. 4T1 cell line was used to induce breast cancer. Doxorubicin was injected intraperitoneally on days 1, 7, 14, 21 , and 28, and curcumin was fed to the animals. Aerobic training consisted of 30 minutes of running with an intensity of 40-60% of maximum speed, five days a week for 6 weeks. In the first week, the exercises reached a speed of 14 meters per minute, and in the second week it reached 16 meters and finally 18 meters per minute. One-way analysis of variance was used for data analysis. Results: The effect of curcumin and aerobic exercise on the expression of Cas3 (p=0.0001) and Bcl2 (p=0.0001) genes was statistically significant. In group 6, Bcl2 gene expression increased compared to other groups, and Cas3 decreased in groups 5 and 6 compared to group 2. Conclusion : Probably aerobic exercise combined with the use of nanocurcumin in the treatment phase with doxorubicin provides the necessary adaptations to inhibit or stop apoptosis in the liver tissue of mice with breast cancer. Experimental


A process for purifying N-vinylformamide, comprising: Providing a crude N-vinylformamide having a content of acetone-insoluble components of not more than 400 ppm, wherein the step of providing comprises feeding a crude N-vinylformamide in a thin film evaporator to remove unvaporized fraction, or removal of in acetone insoluble components from the crude N-vinylformamide by means of a precipitation separation process using a poor solvent comprises; and continuously feeding the crude N-vinylformamide in a fractionating column to obtain N-vinylformamide having a high purity.


This paper introduced the current situation,importance and necessity of the development and utilization of special-store document about Min-Tai architectural culture in Fujian University of Technology,and discussed on how to improve the utilization ratio of special-store document from the aspects of emancipating the mind,improve librarian quality,increasing capital input,strengthening propaganda and developing characteristic service.


A snap-stabilizing protocol, starting from any arbitrary initial system configuration, always behaves according to its specification. In other words, a snap-stabilizing protocol is a self-stabilizing protocol which stabilizes in 0 steps. In this paper, we propose a snap-stabilizing PIF algorithm for tree networks without any sense of direction. This algorithm allows us to maintain only one (instead of one per processor) spanning tree of an arbitrary network in any global computation, regardless of the number of global computations and the corresponding initiators.


A thermodynamic analysis of the synthesis of face-centred cubic (fcc) and body-centred cubic (bcc) solid solutions of Ti-based alloys produced by mechanical alloying was performed. Four Ti-based alloys were analysed: (i) Ti-13Ta-3Sn (at.%), (ii) Ti-30Nb-13Ta (at.%), (iii) Ti-20Nb-30Ta (wt. %) and (iv) Ti-33Nb-4Mn (at.%). The milled powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, and the crystallite size and microstrain were determined using the Rietveld and Williamson–Hall methods. The Gibbs free energy of mixing for the formation of a solid solution of the three ternary systems (Ti-Ta-Sn, Ti-Nb-Ta and Ti-Nb-Mn) was calculated using an extended Miedema's model, applying the Materials Analysis Applying Thermodynamics (MAAT) software. The values of the activity of each component were determined by MAAT. It was found that increasing the density of crystalline defects, such as dislocations and crystallite boundaries, changed the solubility limit in these ternary systems. Therefore, at longer milling times, the Gibbs free energy increases, so there is a driving force to form solid solutions from elemental powders. Finally, there is agreement between experimental and thermodynamic data confirming the formation of solid solutions.


An apparently unreported problem facing decision makers who use AHP is described. It is demonstrated that conventional AHP and some of its variants (the ideal mode, and the pairwise aggregated approach, PAHAP) can induce ordering even when no order exists. It is also shown that all three approaches can induce different orderings and that the orderings are sensitive to innocuous changes. Thus, even absent addition or deletion of alternatives, the decision maker relying on AHP or these variants can be seriously misled.


Vehicle dynamics play an important role in determining a vehicle's stability. It is necessary to identify and obtain models related to vehicle dynamics to evaluate the performance of electric vehicles, as well as how to control them. This paper presents fundamentals of vehicle dynamics, proposing a three-degree-of-freedom nonlinear observer and controller to control lateral velocity and tire torque in comparison to a PID control, while also utilizing a Lyapunov function to determine the stability of the controlled state feedback system concerning the observer, which estimates state errors. This work demonstrates the mathematical development of estimations that will be fed into the algorithms of two active nonlinear controls (state feedback and PID), utilizing the results from Matlab-Simulink simulations of tire torque, lateral and angular velocities based on longitudinal velocity measurements, and employing dynamic gains, such as response to a steering maneuver by the driver following the international standards ISO 7401/2011 and ISO 3888-2. It is concluded that the observer is robust and exhibits energy-saving efficiency in tire torque, even under conditions of variable tire-ground friction.


Two behavioral concepts, loss aversion and mental accounting, have recently been combined to provide a theoretical explanation of the equity premium puzzle. Recent experimental evidence suggests that undergraduate students' behavior is consistent with this "myopic loss aversion" conjecture. Our suspicion is that, much like certain anomalies in the realm of riskless decisions, these behavioral tendencies will be severely attenuated when real market players are put to the task. Making use of a unique subject pool-professional futures and options pit traders recruited from the Chicago Board of Trade-we do find behavioral differences between professionals and students. Yet, rather than discovering that the anomaly disappears, the data suggest that professional traders exhibit myopic loss aversion to a greater extent than undergraduate students.


Objective: This study focuses on teachers' perspective about addiction prevention elements in the content of the Thinking and Lifestyle book of the seventh grade in the academic year of 2013-2014. Method: This study is a descriptive survey with a sample of 74 seventh-grade teachers who were selected by stratified random sampling method. A researcher-constructed questionnaire was the measurement instrument in this study that reviewed teachers' perceptions and expectations in seven elements. Results: The results showed that teachers believed the highest attention has been paid to the emotion and stress management component about substance in the content of Thinking and Lifestyle book of the seventh grade. Moreover, Freedman test results showed that emotions and stress management had the highest mean score and education about substance abuse had the lowest mean score. However, the results of paired t-test showed the existence of a significant difference between teachers' perceptions and expectations in addiction prevention elements and, thereby, it is necessary to pay more attention to the components of addiction prevention. Conclusion: Teachers' perspective about addiction prevention elements in Thinking and Lifestyle book of the seventh grade is positive and it is important to pay attention to addiction prevention issues and life skills, such as thinking skills and the integration of teaching materials in textbooks in different aspects.


In this thesis I describe a study of heavy quarkonia production in the hadronic decays of the Z boson performed at the LEP e+ecollider. Selection algorithms were developed to identify charmonium states, taking advantage of the significant branching ratios of the J meson to dileptons as well as the sizable branching ratios of the 0' and Xc mesons to final states involving a J. Selection efficiencies were estimated from fully simulated signal events generated with the JETSET 7.4 Monte Carlo and a prompt heavy quarkonium Monte Carlo. Analyzing the full LEP I data set of approximately 3.6 million hadronic events collected by the L3 experiment between 1991 and 1995, final measurements of Br(Z -+ J + X), Br(Z -+ ¢' + X), and Br(Z --+ x + X) were made. Additionally, the fraction of prompt J mesons in Z decays was measured for the first time at L3, yielding information on the nature of the QCD production of J mesons. The results are: Br(Z -+ J + X) = (3.16 ± 0.21-9) x 10-3 Br(Z -4 0' + X) = (2.4 ± 0.5+) x 10-3 Br(Z -+ x1 + X) = (1.9 ± 0.7 + ' ) x 10fp = (8.3 ± 2.3 ± 1.71 .) x 10-2 Thesis Supervisor: Peter H. Fisher Title: Associate Professor


Space optimization is a common problem in packaging, including cargo space optimization. Cargo planning and loading is the most essential factor in transportation like railways, air-lines, trucks and buses. It is the proper arrangement of goods, items or cargo into the available space of container. Due to improper arrangement of cargo and unavailability of proper optimization techniques the space gets wasted and damage of goods occurs in container. The proper arrangement and placement of the cargo is very difficult task today. To utilize the maximum occupancy of the container the optimization algorithms are required to design. So the paper presents the optimization models for different systems and various optimization techniques.


Sapropel and hemp shive insulation material has been presented in the research. Raw materials sapropel and hemp shives are extracted in Latvia. Hemp shives is the waste of hemp processing, which is not being used at the moment. The most recent research works testify that the resources of sapropel in Latvia's lakes have been estimated to approximately 800-900 million m and they can be used during several hundreds of years. The only disadvantage of the recently extracted composite material is its comparatively low fireresistance. Several solutions have been offered in order to increase the fire-resistance of sapropel-hemp shive insulation plates. They are coating of the material with different fire-smothering liquids, fire retardants and the formation of different protective coatings. It is essential to choose a protective coating that is made of ecological, renewable and local raw materials. Clay, lime and gypsum plasters have been offered as protective coatings in the publication of the research work. The aim of the research is to increase the fire-resistance characteristics of the recently extracted insulation material and its prospective usage in construction according to the existing normative documents regarding construction in Lavia.


The key to understanding the difference between Celsius and Kelvin lies in the different types of measurement scales. Students may have an easier time manipulating equations (such as gas laws) if they knew the difference between these scales.


Almost all organisations experience disputes as part of their day-to-day activities. But despite being commonplace and seen as timeconsuming and costly (CIPD 2015), workplace disputes are challenging to precisely define since they take such a wide range of forms. A dispute in the workplace encompasses conflict over values meaning what is right and wrong, but also over competing individual and group interests within an organisation. It can also result from stereotypes and rumours which negatively affect


The author comments on an article by Thomas M. Whitmore, entitled "Sixteenth-century population decline in the Basin of Mexico: a systems simulation", which appeared in the Fall 1991 issue of the Latin American Population History Bulletin.


The world and its basic properties is simple or complex, or will they both simple and complex? Several centuries or even thousands of years, we have the simple world view. Although it leads us to create all human glory and civilization we have so far, it has been accompanied by rational confusion. Hegel's dialectic has gone beyond the confusion over such a speculation manner. But no corresponding scientific support, it has been in the mystical idealism form and has not been given enough attention and real understood. The wave of the complex study, particularly the rise of complex science spawns the new complex world view. In the command of this new world view, our science, philosophy and even the economy and society at all levels and overall shape, are in the process and will take place great change. A new era of science and theory, a new emergence of social civilization is at hand.


PURPOSE: A hydrodynamic bearing assembly, a motor provided with the hydrodynamic bearing assembly and a recording disk driving device equipped with the motor are provided to form the various types of grooves in an oil cover. CONSTITUTION: A sleeve includes an axis hole. A shaft is inserted into one side of the axis hole. An oil cover(66) is fixe dot the sleeve to other direction of the axis hole. The oil cover blocks the leakage of the oil existing in the axis hole. In the oil cover, a groove unit for hardness security(600) is formed in the outer surface of the axis direction.


Coastal lagoons have long been attractive for human populations for the development of cities, industries and other activities that have promoted environmental stress. The excessive discharges of nutrients from domestic and industrial effluents, combined with urban and agricultural runoff intensify the eutrophication process, which is considered the main factor of stress in the coastal environments. Unfortunately, the most severely polluted areas are often naturally stressed and this makes difficult to separate the natural or anthropogenically induced changes. In this context, the understanding of the seasonal oscillations represents a prerequisite to ensure a correct and reliable environmental monitoring. The abundance and composition of benthic foraminiferal assemblage vary over short time periods throughout the year in response to both specific-seasonal reproduction and environmental changes. The present study investigates the seasonal variation of benthic foraminiferal assemblages during the tide cycle in Winter (W) and Summer (S) on the Saquarema Lagoon System (SLS). In the study area, 29 and 19 living foraminiferal species are identified in S and W, respectively. Ammonia tepida is dominant in both seasons followed by Ammonia parkinsoniana and Cribroelphidium excavatum. It is not however possible to detect any correspondence between S and W assemblages through the cluster analysis, since there are species that only appeared in the W and vice versa. The presence of Bulimina patagonica and Miliolinella antartica only in S samples might reveal the influence of upwelling in the coast. The SLS shows a strong seasonality where parameters remain quite homogeneous in W but exhibit great oscillation in S. The DCA analysis allows us to relate the benthic foraminiferal assemblages to the abiotic parameters that drive their distribution. Calcareous species such as Adelosina carinatastriata, B. patagonica and M. antartica are mostly influenced by high values of dissolved oxygen and low temperature, while the agglutinated are indicators of more confined lagoon ecosystem since the values of pH and salinity were the lowest within the SLS. The present analyses explain that the seasonal variation in the SLS exerts a greater influence on the benthic foraminiferal assemblages than the anthropogenic impacts and shows the importance of seasonal study for coastal biomonitoring programme.


The directions of economic policy to respond to the economic crisis are correct,while the specific policies are different between China and America.The economic policies are made to solve the partial and the specific problems mainly,while the policies of China pay more attention to the combination of fiscal policy and monetary policy which aims at the whole and systemic problems.The key point of economic policy is whether it is good to fulfill the aim of micro economic strategy and can signal to the market clearly,but not at its simplicity or combination.The aim of making the comparison is not to show which road to take but to show which road is correct.


Cloud computing is one of the prominence technologies that is expected to roped the efficiency of IT industry. Due to various turmoil in previous technologies, role of cloud computing is very important for IT enabled concepts. This is one of the admirable inventions in today's IT world. Usage of cloud computing has some prolonged benefits like consistency, reduced costs, minimal usage of resources and rapid application deployment. In the present paper we are studying some culpable aspects of cloud computing like security of data in cloud enabled data centre, which always acts as a hamstrung for the cloud applications and makes this technology dubious from the user's point of view. We are also discussing some common snags which disrupting the working of cloud data centre efficiently. In this research we have also discussed some commoner data encrypting solutions which help in upholding this technology from the user's perspective. Also, we have discussed some IT enabled holistic solutions which makes this technology dissent against various security threats with respect to data ownership and privacy of the data.


The objectives of this research is to find how big the influence of investment, labor, and exports values affect in GRDP values of the industrial sector of Semarang Municipality. Based on the results of the regression analysis, the investment variable has a significant influence 0,001 while labor and export variable did not have a significant influence, the cooficient showed 0,465 and 0,654.


Introduction This is a retrospective review of 135 consecutive patients (M:F=71:64, mean age 52.6 years; 141 arms) referred to our institution with ulnar neuropathy over a two year period. We analysed electrodiagnostic and ultrasound findings in relation to clinical severity. Methods All patients underwent electrodiagnostic (AAN) and ultrasound examination of the symptomatic ulnar nerve(s). Clinical severity was graded on a 4 point scale from 'very mild' (symptoms only) to 'severe' (sensory loss plus marked atrophy of ulnar-innervated hand muscles). Results In 'very mild' neuropathies, the number of abnormal electrodiagnostic and ultrasound studies was 2 and 11 respectively, out of 54; in 'mild' neuropathies 19 and 25 out of 40; in 'moderate', 23 and 24 out of 24; and in 'severe', 23 and 23 out of 23. In 25 arms, (18 of which were clinically 'severe' or 'moderate'), electrophysiology was abnormal but non-localising. Ultrasound showed abnormally large cross-sectional area at the elbow in 22 and diffuse nerve enlargement in three. Ultrasound identified nerve subluxation in 24 (17%) neuropathies, 58% of which were 'very mild', 25% 'mild' and 17% 'moderate' or 'severe'. Conclusion In patients with symptoms but no clinical signs, electrophysiological evidence of ulnar neuropathy was present in 3.7%, whereas abnormal nerve ultrasound, often associated with subluxation, was demonstrated in 20%. Ultrasound increased the diagnostic yield of electrophysiology in the 'very mild' and, to a lesser extent, the 'mild' neuropathies by a combined 11%, and localised the lesion in all ulnar neuropathies with abnormal but non-localising electrophysiology. Nerve subluxation was disproportionately represented amongst the clinically 'very mild' neuropathies with abnormal ultrasound.


It is argued in this paper that it's possible to speak of a 'tradition' in the field of social and economic philosophy uniting the works of J.S.Mill, Alfred Marshall and John Maynard Keynes. This 'tradition' can be characterized by the following concepts: (a) by the rejection of the acquisitive values of capitalism; (b) by the idea that capitalism would be incapable of spontaneously solving the problems of distribution of wealth and poverty; (c) by the idea that, for the sake of the preservation of liberty, diversity and economic efficiency, individual initiative should be free to act wherever it engenders good results, but that the State should intervene whenever the free initiative fails, acting in the good of collectivity; (d) by the belief that it would be possible to make capitalism significantly better by the way of small and gradual changes.


Plagiarism is a serious offense that defies the ethics of scholarship and research. Research students need to pay substantive attention to the dynamics and contours of plagiarism in their creative, ethical, and academic endeavors. Scholarship avenues such as online tutorials and work assignments are important sources of instructions for plagiarism-avoidance among students. The current study explores the frequency of consultation of scholarship avenues and the usage of plagiarism-avoidance techniques among research students in social sciences. The study also recommends a scale to investigate plagiarism-avoidance techniques. Furthermore, it also examines the level of the study in predicting the usage of plagiarism-avoidance. Using the online survey technique, 108 research students from Pakistan were sampled. The questionnaire was uploaded on several student-based research groups of social media, including; Facebook, and Yahoo groups. Bivariate linear regression analysis was used for hypothesis testing. Findings revealed that scholarship avenues lead to greater usage of plagiarism-avoidance techniques among research students (R2=0.065). Supervisors, class-fellows, colleagues, and faculty of the department are prominent human scholarship avenues. Similarly, articles and books from the web, books from the library, the anti-plagiarism policy of the Higher Education Commission (HEC), and lectures delivered in the classroom were leading informational scholarship avenues. Stage of the study and consultation of the scholarship avenues were predictors of usage of plagiarism-avoidance techniques. It is recommended that (i) plagiarism-avoidance is promoted through prevention rather than detection, and that (ii) scholarship avenues (e.g. delivering lectures, institutional policy, and interaction with relevant websites) are used for enhancing awareness about intellectual dishonesty.


The experiment of Liran, Levin, Erez, and Jortner is clearly very interesting. Nevertheless, we feel that the numerical values which has been found for the broadening of the sodium $3S\ensuremath{-}4D$ two-photon transition by collisions with argon atoms is wrong. Using Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy we have measured this cross-section to be 1050\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}110 ${\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}$. This value is in good agreement with other experiments and with theoretical predictions. We present several possible interpretations of the value obtained by Liran et al.


Internet of Things (IoT) is evaluated there are over a billion web clients and quickly expanding. In any case, there are a larger number of things on the web than there are individuals on the web. This is the thing that it has been for the most part mean, when it has been say internet of things. There are a great many gadgets with sensors that are connected up together utilizing networks that create an ocean of information. The issue is all information needs to remain secured, unaltered, and held on at each phase of an IoT solution. This incorporates database servers, distributed components, back-end analytics and communication infrastructure, crosswise over conceivably adverse environments and remote locations. Regardless, it is defenseless against eavesdropping which speaks to a hazard to protection and security of the customer. The security of information movement winds up evidently imperative since the interchanges over open network happen habitually. It is thusly fundamental that the information movement over the framework is scrambled. To give the QoS, the Cloud-connected IoT security is the basic piece of the specialist organizations. This paper is focusing on issue relating to the Cloud-connected IoT security in virtual condition.. It has been propose a method COOPERATION KEY PROCESSING for giving information process and security in Cloud-connected IoT utilizing Elliptical Curve Cryptography ECC and Hash Map. Support, delineates the security services consolidates era of key, encryption and decryption in virtual condition.


In engineering applications when the intensity of external forces depends on the response of the system, the input is called parametric. In this paper dynamical systems subjected to a parametric deterministic impulse are dealt with. Particular attention has been devoted to the evaluation of the discontinuity of the response when the parametric impulse occurs. The usual forward difference and trapezoidal integration schemes have been shown to provide only approximated solutions of the jump of the response; hence, the exact solution has been pursued and presented under the form of a numerical series. The impulse is represented throughout the paper by means of a classical Dirac's delta function; however, a new model of Dirac's delta is presented and adopted in order to validate the results provided by the numerical series.


ABSTRACTIn this paper, we examine the evolving nature of employee-organization relationship (EOR) in a Japanese company from the perspective of psychological contracts and organizational commitment, using empirical methods on data from 3,789 employees of a large Japanese pharmaceutical company.The results show that how affective commitment, continuance commitment, and psychological contracts change differ. On the one hand, psychological contracts and continuance commitment can change both incrementally and discontinuously.On the other hand, employees' affective commitment can change only when they experience discontinuous career change (vertical movement, functional movement, and radial horizontal movement). Implications for Japanese organizations managing EOR and perspectives on future research are discussed.INTRODUCTIONRecently, employment relationship has gained popularity in Japan, in large part due to changes in the employee-organization relationships (EOR) in Japanese organizations. Confronted with the low productivity of white-collar employees and Japan's low economic growth, many Japanese organizations were forced to examine their own EOR. According to a 2001 survey conducted by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 62.3% of organizations have adopted pay-for-performance schemes for their middle and senior managers. Further, a survey by the Institute of Labor Administration revealed that the proportion of organizations that have introduced demotion systems has also been increasing. The extemalization of employment has also been increasing at a considerable rate in Japan, as it has in other industrialized nations. According to the Japanese Statistics Bureau, the ratio of part-time, temporary, and other limited-contract employees has been on the rise. Japanese organizations have begun to sort employees into various categories with different levels of employment protection.Although the abovementioned changes have been occurring widely, there are strong appeals for long-term employment, which constitutes Japanese management (Abegglen, 1958). The fact that long-term employment still enjoys long-standing importance in Japanese organizations has been clarified by many theoretical and empirical studies (Clegg and Kono 2002; Jacoby 2005).The EOR theories include both macro perspectives such as transactional cost theory and micro perspectives such as psychological contract (PC) and OC (Coyle-Shapiro and Shore 2007). Research on long-term employment, however, has mainly been conducted from the perspective of economic theory and human resource management (i.e., macro perspectives). Although several views exist, there is consensus among theorists that long-term employment enables organizations and employees to make a relation-specific investment with low risk. On the other hand, there are few researches concerning long-term employment from the micro perspective. Then, the purpose of this paper is to examine the evolving nature of EOR from the perspective of OC and PC. In more detail, this paper examines the effects of several career change variables such as tenure, vertical, functional, and horizontal career change in organization on OC and PC.REVIEWEconomic Rationality of Long-Term EmploymentThe most researched topic in Japanese EOR is the economic rationality of long-term employment. The assumptions of transaction cost theory (TCT) and agency theory (AT) lie at the heart of this line of research. Because it is difficult for contract parties in the market to monitor each other, this raises the possibility of opportunistic actions (Williamson 1975). In order to reduce such actions, TCT argues that the each party's incentives need to be aligned with the other party's. Further, this can be accomplished by developing an employment contract (Williamson 1975). Long-term employment enables organizations to avoid losses in their investment toward human resources and to have a stable and predictable stock of capabilities (Pfeffer and Baron 1988). …


As psychologists meet with educators to discuss the needs of various children, they bring different pedagogical backgrounds to the table. The body of psychological theory and science the psychologists have is essential, imperative, and indispensable to effective schooling. The diagnostic skills of psychologists are essential and not available to other school personnel. Psychologists are major players in diagnosing individual educational problems and in developing programs to ameliorate or, at least, minimize them. Periodic re-evaluation by both psychologists and educators is essential--classification as "exceptional" should not be in perpetuity. Psychologists, especially those prepared in the scientist-practitioner model, should be helpful in evaluating proposed programs for individuals or groups. In addition, psychologists: (1) have group leadership and management skills; (2) help to bridge the distance between schools and homes; (3) are familiar with the array of services available from nonschool sources; and (4) are teachers when they provide instruction to professional personnel, paraprofessional personnel, individuals or groups on topics such as communicating with parents, behavioral contraction, or crisis management. Psychological service units, providing for diversification of service, should be used to perform all these activities. Due to the volume of services needed in schools, the role of doctoral-level personnel needs to be re-examined.


In this paper, a novel parameterization of all decentralized stabilizing controllers is employed in mathematically formulating the best achievable decentralized performance problem as an infinite dimensional optimization problem, Finite dimensional optimization problems are then constructed that have values arbitrarily close to this infinite dimensional problem. An algorithm which identifies the best achievable performance over all linear time-invariant decentralized controllers is then presented. It employs a global optimization approach to the solution of these finite dimensional approximating problems. >


Objective: To observe the reparation effect on LIDP(lubar intervertebral disc protrusion) rabbits' inflammation molecule of nucleus pulposus,to reveal impairment and repair mechanism of LIDP rabbits by electroacupuncture at Huantiao point on the molecular level.Methods: The 40 rabbits were randomized into 4 groups(blank contrast group,model group,Huantiao group and non-pointgroup),each group have 10 rabbits.The model of LIDP rabbits by home-made equipment of LIDP animal pathological model was adopted.To determine the content variation of PGE2 and PLA2 in rabbits' nucleus pulposus tissue by radio-immunity method;to determine the content variation of IL-1αin rabbits' nucleus pulposus tissue by double antibody sandwich ABC-ELISA method.Results: The content of PGE2,PLA2 and IL-1α in model group' s nucleus pulposus tissue is obviously higher than that in blank contrast group(P0.05,P0.01),it can explain that the content of PGE2,PLA2 and IL-1α increase obviously after building the model;The content of PGE2,PLA2 and IL-1α in Huantiao group' s nucleus pulposus tissue is obviously lower than that in model group and non-point group(P0.05,P0.01);the content of PGE2,PLA2 and IL-1α between non-point group.Conclusion: Electro-acupuncture at Huantiao point could cut down the content of PGE2,PLA2 and IL-1α in LIDP rabbits' nucleus pulposus tissue.


Meme is a cultural information unit. memes can be divided into good and bad, right and wrong. A good meme likes a gene that can be inherited generation by generation. Pro-social behavior, just like gene, can be replicated, imitated, and spread, so as to promote interpersonal relationship and the harmonious development of the society. However, bad meme just like the "virus", can cause bad influence on our society. Angry behavior, just like the "virus", can be spread to our mind one by one, which does great harm to our physical and mental health, and causes many negative effects on


Influenza, whether seasonal or pandemic, causes substantial morbidity and mortality. Today, vaccines are the foundation of influenza prevention. Globally, influenza vaccine manufacturing capacity is at an all-time high [1], as are the number and types of influenza vaccines available on the market and in development. In the United States, in addition to the live attenuated and inactivated subunit and split influenza vaccines, a highdose inactivated vaccine for persons aged $65 years, and an intradermally administered inactivated vaccine for persons aged 18–64 years have been recently licensed for seasonal use. This is remarkable progress, considering that as recently as the 2004–2005 influenza season, only one inactivated vaccine was available on the US market [2]. In the United States, all of these vaccines are produced in eggs, although cell-based inactivated and recombinant vaccines are in the late stages of development. Outside the United States, additional inactivated vaccines are licensed for seasonal use, including those manufactured in cell culture, subvirion vaccines combined with the oil-in-water adjuvant MF59 for persons aged $65 years, and whole virus and virosomal vaccines. During the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, many countries, not including the United States, also licensed and used monovalent inactivated vaccines adjuvanted with an oilin-water adjuvant, either AS03 or MF59. When compared with other vaccines, the range of influenza vaccines that are licensed or in development is unprecedented. The robust market and development pipeline are being driven by several factors, including the demand for more seasonal influenza vaccine. Another factor is the desire for faster production and less-expensive alternatives that will make vaccines more widely and equitably available to populations in countries with limited resources, particularly during a pandemic [1]. Additional goals are to improve vaccine performance in high-risk populations, such as the elderly, young children, and the immunocompromised, and to elicit more broadly cross-protective antibodies so vaccines do not require yearly administration. Given the diversity in influenza vaccine formulations, determining the relative benefits of each vaccine is important but extremely challenging. Influenza vaccine performance is influenced by a number of factors, including formulation, age and immune status of the study participants, the vaccine antigen, the match to the circulating strain, and whether the study outcome is immunogenicity or vaccine efficacy. To further complicate the evaluation, the standard measure of influenza vaccine immunogenicity for inactivated vaccines, the hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay, exhibits significant variability within and between laboratories. HAI assay results are also affected by the type of vaccine administered and the previous experience of the vaccinee [3]. Thus, it can be extremely difficult to compare the performance of various vaccines between studies. Comparing multiple vaccines within a single clinical trial has the distinct advantage of controlling for the population and strain differences, as well as the assay variability, and offers the best approach for comparing different vaccines. In this issue of the Journal, Ferguson and colleagues compare the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of 1 or 2 doses of a tocopherol-based oil-in-water (AS03) adjuvanted H1N1 monovalent vaccine with 1 or 2 doses of the unadjuvanted vaccine [4]. For the reasons given above, the multiple-group comparisons possible within this single study are a strength. The results support previous observations that inactivated influenza vaccines are more immunogenic in younger adults than in older adults, in individuals previously seropositive to the vaccine antigen at baseline, and in recipients of the adjuvanted vaccines. As shown in this article, the 3.75-lg dose of adjuvanted vaccine was superior to 3.75 mg of unadjuvanted vaccine after a single dose in younger and older adults. Likewise, the lower doses of adjuvanted vaccines were noninferior to higher doses of the unadjuvanted vaccine, confirming the dose-sparing aspects of adjuvants [4, 5]. These dose-sparing effects are particularly Received 14 August 2011; accepted 15 August 2011. Correspondence: Kathleen M. Neuzil, MD, MPH, Vaccine Development Global Program, PATH, 1455 NW Leary Way, Seattle, WA 98108 (email@example.com). The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2012;205:700–1 The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals. firstname.lastname@example.com DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jir646


(57) Abstract: using the image generated by electrical impedance tomography (EIT), and adjust the one or more electrical parameters, perform electroporation desired degree to cells in tissue. The parameters, current, voltage, and combinations thereof. Cells are placed in conditions that permeabilization occurs, preferably, not placed in conditions such as to cause irreversible pore formation and cell death. By electroporation, analysis of cellular membranes, diagnosis of tissue, and can diagnose the patient, as well as materials can be moved to intracellular and extracellular in a controlled manner.


It should be said that many criticisms of the unit methods proposed by the former writers have been duly met, acknowledged as sound, and cleverly guarded against in the theory of curriculum construction here presented. It remains true, however, that despite much up-to-the-minute psychology, clear thinking about democracy, and tributes to experiences and activities in his account, Professor Billett's idea of good high-school teaching will seem intellectually formidable and structurally formal to those whose vision has been seriously affected by current progressivism in education. Today curriculum-making in many quarters is proceeding along freer, perhaps less responsible, lines. It would not be safe to assert, however, that the pedagogical tradition which this book so splendidly revises and re-applies can no longer promote genuine advance in secondary teaching. It would be safer to agree that most secondary schools, if they conscientiously adopted the curricular and instructional patterns described in this book, would be much more effective than they now are. At any rate any student of American secondary education is bound to recognize this publication as an extraordinarily thoughtful and valuable contribution to the literature of his field. MATTHEW H. WILLING University of Wisconsin


ABSTRACT Research has identified sociocultural challenges (life attachment) to be a primary motivator for radicalization. While individual differences may provide information about who might be at risk for radicalization, little is known about how different identity processing styles are linked with radicalization. In two studies (N = 975), we examined how identity styles can moderate the association between life attachment and various aspects of extremism. We found that insecure life attachment was significantly and positively associated with radicalization, and this association was strengthened by the normative and the diffuse-avoidant identity style. Results are discussed in relation to identity processes in late modernity, suggesting that personal identity development may emerge as an important factor in the multifaceted process of radicalization.


An innovative horizontal-arranged shear stud was proposed for prefabricated composite beams, in response to the engineering demand for accelerated precast decks construction on steel–concrete composite bridges. In order to verify the shear behavior of the studs, a push-out test was performed in which two groups of specimens were designed, and each group included three specimens. In addition, a finite element method based on the ABAQUS2020 software was adopted to analyze the influence factors of the prefabricated studs, which reveals the most influential factor, to provide a guide for optimum design. Therefore, 10 models were established, including one finite element model with the same parameters as the push-out test, and 9 models based on an orthogonal testing design. The results showed that, firstly, the prefabricated shear studs had longitudinal shear resistance, the same as conventional shear studs. Secondly, the ultimate load capacity, as well as the ductility of the prefabricated studs, was better than conventional studs. Thirdly, the modeling results were in good agreement with the push-out test results, which indicated the validity of the modeling method. Lastly, by analyzing the calculated results of the nine orthogonal models, it was found that the stud diameter was the most influential factor for the shear capacity, and the shear capacity was directly proportional to the stud diameter, while it was not proportional to the other factors. This study is evidence that the orthogonal testing design has a high efficiency in finite element modeling, which will provide a guide for the optimum design of prefabricated shear studs.


The CSES (China seismic electromagnetic satellite) was launched on February 2, 2018 in a circular polar orbit at an altitude of ~507 km. One of the main objectives of CSES is to search for and characterize ionospheric perturbations that can be associated with seismic activities, to better understand the generation mechanism of such perturbations. Its scientific payload can measure a broad frequency range of electromagnetic waves and some important plasma parameters. This paper is a first‐hand study of unusual observations recorded by the CSES over seismic regions prior to four earthquakes with M >7.0 since the satellite's launch. CSES detectors measured irregularities near the epicenter of these four earthquakes. It is already clear that data from instruments onboard the CSES will be of significant help in studies of characteristics of ionospheric perturbations related to earthquakes and their generation mechanisms.


Song lyric is an significant form of ancient Chinese literature."The most lofty Song lyric embodies its beautiful ideorealm ".Liu Yong had contributed a great deal in carving out new ways to achieve better ideorealm in his poems.Not confining his topic of poems to the small world of maiden′s boudoir or family courtyard as those poets in late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties did,Liu Yong turned to attain profoundness in the ideorealm by writing broader themes ranging from mountains,rivers,fortresses,new and old capitals,rise and fall of dynasties.Liu Yong established standard for the later prosperous blossom of Song lyrics.


Although RB1 was the first turnor suppressor gene identified, its role during retinal development is poorly understood. We first attempted to determine this by performing in vivo misexpression studies in the post-natal rat retina. Retroviral lineage analysis revealed that clone size in pRB-infected eyes was significantly reduced when compared to control eyes. This suggested that pRB has a role in regulating progenitor ce11 cycle in the developing retina. The results fiom in vivo misexpression studies also suggested a possible pRB involvement in ce11 fate determination ancUor re-specification, but more expenments must be performed before concluding this. In vitro rescue experiments with the RB-'retina is the second expenmental approach that rnay help us clai@ the role of pRB in retinal development. To this end, we established a retinal culturing protocol wherein development itz vitro mimics that in vivo, thus laying the groundwork for future rescue expenments in the RB" retina. This study presents significant findings that may help us elucidate the role pRB plays during retinal development.


To say that our consciousness about hygiene has been raised in recent weeks and months is to state the obvious. Who would have thought that early 2020 would see full-length instructional videos on handwashing techniques, set to catchy tunes? More seriously, who would have thought that whole societies would be placed under lockdown orders? Yet these are the new realities of life in the time of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; with apologies to Gabriel García Márquez, 1985/1988). The implications of the COVID-19 pandemic have touched every aspect of life—and psychological research is no exception. With entire universities moving to remote instruction and virtually all other functions occurring online, researchers are facing an unexpected and sudden end to on-site, in-person data collection. For psychological scientists, this moment brings both promise and peril. The COVID-19 pandemic offers unique opportunities to advance psychological science by, for example, illuminating the impact of global stressors on human behavior (e.g., Talarico & Rubin, 2003). Further, as scientists who study the human condition, psychologists are uniquely qualified to offer empirically grounded advice about how events such as the COVID-19 pandemic can impact people socially, emotionally, and cognitively. To facilitate dissemination of this work, Psychological Science is expediting the review of COVID-19-related submissions and fast-tracking publications of accepted manuscripts. The pandemic also brings the peril of placing research expedience over rigor and transparency. In our rush to understand the impacts of the pandemic, we may be tempted to relax our vigilance against poor research practices. Moreover, while the pandemic slows or even halts many research projects, the real and perceived time pressures inherent in the lives of academic researchers will not abate. Honors, master's, and doctoral theses must be defended; job applications must be compiled; funding proposals and progress reports must be submitted; and reappointment, tenure, and promotion packages must be readied for reviewers. All of these activities require that data be collected, and a major measure of the success of our endeavors is the number of articles published. With no promise of resumption of on-site, in-person data collection on the horizon for many researchers, and the potential for long-term restrictions as we await a vaccine, the temptation to rescue incomplete or marginally significant data sets is almost certain to arise.


The paper dwells on the history of mobile control computers 5E26, 5E265 and 40U6 for antimissile system S-300 designing in IPMCE(ITM&VT) and it's designer Evgeniy Aleksandrovich Krivosheev.


Objective. The article substantiates the need for digital simulation of emergency impact in the study of the stability of a building to progressive collapse by creating a simulator of local destruction.Method. To ensure the unique architectural appearance of the projected multifunctional high-rise complex, a complex shape has been developed with recesses in which elevator shafts are located. The principle of control of the structure due to the influx of external energy is observed. Energy conversion and the necessary protection is provided by the presence in the spatial frame of the building of balancing connections near architectural recesses, which allow stabilizing the state of a complex system. The spatial rigidity of the structural scheme of a high-rise building is ensured by the use of symmetrically located diaphragms and stiffening cores, rigid nodes for interfacing with the supporting structures of outrigger systems.Result. The calculation algorithm for progressive collapse includes the calculation of the stress-strain state of the building frame elements during normal operation. An analogue of the emergency action is created by excluding from the design model the bearing element, the instantaneous removal of which is modeled by a force with the opposite sign, determined by the results of the calculation in the normal operation stage.Conclusion. The stress-strain state of the frame, which occurs during local destruction, is a criterion for resistance to progressive collapse. The question of the need and the established form of outrigger floors in relation to a specific building has been investigated. The dependence of the dynamic characteristics when changing the structural solutions of the frame of a unique building is given.


Although much research has been done linking meteorological variables individually with various aspects of human health, few studies have considered the collective impact of weather. This study examines the relationship among ten synoptic-scale weather patterns and daily cause-specific human mortality rates for metropolitan areas in the central United States during the 1978 to 1998 autumn and spring seasons. The results show that distinctive changes in mortality rates are often associated with one or two of the more moderate synoptic types, displaying notable spatial and temporal variability. The occurrence of the Eastern Zonal (EZ) pattern during spring and the East Coast Trough (ECT) pattern during autumn seems to invoke the most significant increased mortality response across all causes of death and metropolitan statistical areas. For the EZ and ECT types, the largest adverse response occurs for locations influenced by cold, anticyclonic situations and atmospheric stability.


The value of that occupied single-handedly by the large shareholder and not assigned based on share portion is generally called private benefits of control. The public benefits of control that distributes according to share portion, and the reducing transaction cost of industrial group are reasonable compensative paths. In the real corporation institution environment, it is an illegal act that large shareholder makes up cost of control by expropriating public benefits of small shareholders' "free ride". Legal protection of small shareholders' free ride can be read as a compensation for the risk of expropriation.


The isolation and purification of Streptococcus suis, Lancefield serum group, biochemical identification and antimicrobial sensitivity analysis were performed from nasal cavity swabin northeast areas of China in 2007. Isolates resistant to β -lactam antibiotics was based on MIC interpretative standards of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). It was found that the serotypes of the strains were all belonged to serotype D, and 10 biochemical codes were obtained for these strains. All strains were found to be the most resistant to cefradine(86.1%), but the most susceptible to amoxicillin(14%). The degree of resistance to cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefazolin, penicilin, ampicillin, oxacillin was between 16.7% and 72.2%. The test of β- lactamase showed that 8 strains Streptococcus suis was positive.


We present an integrative statistical approach to estimate trendand population sizes of Gaviidae. The synergetic combination of different state of the art methods aims to obtain unbiased results as well as to maximise the statistical power. Especially, we combine distance-sampling methods with generalised additive [mixed] modelling (GA[M]M's), where variance-propagation between these two steps has been achieved using bootstrapping. The presented approach allows to integrate bird count data from different sources, namely observer-based aerial surveys, observer-based ship surveys, as well as digital-based aerial surveys. Here, qualitative and quantitative differences in distance-dependent and distance-independent detection (i.e., detection on the transect line) between the different methods have been considered. The presented approach allows the estimation of log-linear as well as highly nonlinear trends while correcting for temporal autocorrelation on different time scales, namely on the scale of years as well as on the scale of subsequent sampling units. Population estimates are also model-based, providing population numbers (including confidence intervals) for arbitrary sub-areas. These population models can be used in future works for predictive modelling.


With recent developments in e-health, concerns have been raised regarding the privacy of patients who are monitored with such treatments. I propose a simple method to incorporate these concerns into a standard health impact evaluation, based on Quality Adjusted Life Years and the Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio. This method provides a way to objectively value privacy concerns and balance them with health benefits. Hence, it can guide doctors and policymakers into incorporating privacy considerations and making better choices regarding e-health programs. This method can also be tested on existing economic evaluations to compare outcomes and gauge the extent to which privacy issues in medical treatments should be taken seriously.


The first chapters of this book relate to discrete and inadequately understood functions of the eye itself, such as the investigations of autonomic activity of the retina. Processes of the cells concerned with this activity are thought to by-pass the lateral geniculate body and proceed by poorly recognized pathways to the hypothalamus and midbrain, there relating the visual system with trigeminal, sympathetic, and parasympathetic systems. Some of the expressions of these oculodiencephalic relationships as they influence intraocular pressure are considered in the final chapter. Experimental studies utilizing light stimuli, drugs, and other factors result in changes in intraocular pressure, and the authors regard primary glaucoma as a manifestation of disturbance in the midbrain-hypothalamic relationships involved in the maintenance of appropriate levels of intraocular tension.


The present work aims to develop and evaluate a proposal of computational simulation submodels to evaluate the use of cooking oil in biodiesel generation to be used in selective waste collection trucks in some municipalities of the central region of Rio Grande do Sul. South. For the development of the models, the System Dynamics method was used. Mathematically, a System Dynamics model is a system of linear equations. In general, this system is too complex to be analytically solved, so numerical integration is used. Through Vensim, it was possible to develop, document, simulate and analyze the models, noting the environmental and social impact caused by the collection in the seven municipalities studied. Regarding the implementation in the Vensim simulator, historical data were used to verify the integration between the model component modules, as well as the results generated, since the outputs produced by the simulation model from real data provided to them were evaluated. The results were satisfactory and met the designers' expectations.


Objective
To investigate clinical outcome of ultrasound-guided minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of non-puerperal mastitis.

Methods
The clinical data of 36 non-puerperal mastitis patients in Xiaolan Hospital, Southern Medical University from January 2013 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent ultrasound-guided minimally invasive surgery, followed by postoperative continuous negative-pressure drainage. The clinical outcome, postoperative recovery and reoccurrence were analyzed.

Results
All 36 patients were diagnosed with plasma cell mastitis or granulomatous mastitis by postoperative pathology. No recurrence was found in 24 cases after extubation. Eight cases underwent repeated local rinsing and recovered. Four cases had recurrence within postoperative 5 months and the recurrence rate was 11.1%(4/36). They were treated by minimally invasive reoperation and recovered. No recurrence was observed for other patients in the one-year follow-up.

Conclusion
The ultrasound-guided minimally invasive surgery has the advantages of small incision, mild pain and low recurrence rate, feasible for the treatment of non-puerperal mastitis.

Key words:
Mastitis; Ultrasonography; Minimally invasive surgery


The Airways Modernization Board (AMB) is interested in the further development of the en route portion of its experimental semiautomatic data processing system for air traffic control and has asked General Precision Laboratory, Inc., Pleasantville, N. Y., a subsidiary of General Precision Equipment Corp., to undertake this job.


Abstract The present article focuses on analytical and numerical study on the effect of viscous dissipation when nanofluid is used as the coolant in a microchannel heat sink (MCHS). The nanofluid is made from CuO nanoparticles and water. To analyse the MCHS, a modified Darcy equation for the fluid and two-equation model for heat transfer between fluid and solid sections are employed in porous media approach. In addition, to deal with nanofluid heat transfer, a model based on the Brownian motion of nanoparticles is used. The model evaluates the thermal conductivity of nanofluid considering the thermal boundary resistance, nanoparticle diameter, volume fraction, and the fluid temperature. At first, the effects of particle volume fraction on temperature distribution and overall heat transfer coefficient are investigated with and without considering viscous dissipation. After that, the influence of different channel aspect ratios and porosities is studied. The results show that for nanofluid flow in microchannels, the viscous dissipation can be neglected for low volume fractions and aspect ratios only. Finally, the effect of porosity and Brinkman number on the overall Nusselt number is studied, where asymptotic behaviour of the Nusselt number is observed and discussed from the energy balance point of view.


The version of Fresnel's formula for the convection coefficient is given in different forms (for dispersive media) in different textbooks. The differences are often confusing. The reasons for this situation are analyzed, and the interconnections between the various formulas are shown.


In previous papers 1.2we presented the radial second order imaging properties of inhomogeneous magnetic sector fields with normal incidence and exit at plane boundaries. These fields may provide very high mass resolving power and mass dispersion without increase in radius or decrease of slit widths. In the present paper the calculations are extended to include the effect of oblique incidence and exit at curved boundaries. The influence of the fringing fields on axial focusing when the boundaries are oblique, is accounted for. It is shown that the second order angular aberration may Le eliminated by appropriate curvature of the boundaries.


Recent advances of applications of the affinity chromatography,covering mainly the years from 1992 to 2005,was reviewed,relating specially to the topics of types of affinity chromatography and application of affinity chromatography to the study of proteins(25 ref.cited).


We attempt to dissipate some of the misunderstandings and common misconceptions surrounding the use of ropes in the maintenance and construction of power transmission infrastructure. We also look at some of the challenges that transmission line managers face in starting, and maintaining their own rope access teams. This paper also carefully delineates the overall strengths and limitations of rope access teams and clearly show the differences between rope access and traditional fall protection. In this process, we look long and hard at the labyrinth of federal OSHA regulations relative to 1910.269 and international safety standards in place around the world.


Industrial IoT devices are vulnerable to code-reuse attacks in which benign codes of these devices are reused for malicious activities. In the sense that adversary can compromise industrial IoT devices by means of code-reuse attacks and impair entire industrial IoT ecosystems through the compromised industrial IoT devices, it is very imperative to detect code-reuse attacks in industrial IoT devices. Although different types of code-reuse attack detection schemes have been devised in the literature, they are mainly system level or inefficient/vulnerable network level defense techniques. For the efficient and robust network level defense, we propose a scheme that detects code-reuse attacks efficiently and resiliently by incorporating the sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) with the probabilistic inspection on the packets incoming into industrial IoT devices. Through experimental and analytical study, we demonstrate that our proposed detection scheme resiliently and efficiently defends against code-reuse attacks in industrial IoT devices. In particular, our simulation results show that the SPRT with probabilistic packet inspection achieves at least 93.2% and 99.0% average detection rate for small and large set of code-reuse packets, respectively, while demanding below five samples for detection on an average. They also exhibit that it achieves at most 0.4% average false positives with below four samples on an average.


"Stress" has recently become a very fashionable term, and there is a danger of researchers and practitioners becoming interested in the concept for this reason alone. While the "bandwagon" effect has no doubt contributed to the growing interest in this area, and to the growing number of articles on stress appearing in the popular press, it is worth considering the possibility that this interest masks a cry for help on the part of increasing numbers of individuals and groups. Before exploring the role of the trainer in relation to the management of stress and its prevention, it may be worth considering some of the available research in order to put the problem into perspective.


AbstractThe INDEX:|AIGA Aspen Design Challenge, Designing Water's Future, grew out of discussions held during the January 2007 World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. At the Forum, global thought leaders noted that the global water crisis needed a visual identity. Undergraduate and graduate students were challenged to communicate the urgent complexities of the global water crisis to audiences separated by demographics, education, and immediate need. In February 2009, seven Finalist and ten Honorable Mention projects were selected from the submissions of 225 project teams from 28 countries and six continents.Students at the Milwaukee Institute of Art and Design took ownership of their learning through the Aspen Design Challenge and moved naturally into constructivist learning modes (problem-based, collaborative, interdisciplinary, and self-directed) that are not always favored in traditional design education approaches. Students needed first to identify, define, and research their specific water issues...


The AA. examined 36 uncomplicated ON (Optic neuritis) observed from 1-1-1970 to 31-12-1980. An ophthalmological, neurological, and electrophysiological test (VEP, SEP, BAER) is made on this patients from 1-1-1986 to 31-3-1986. The importance of the electrophysiological examination is evaluated to recognize subclinical Multiple Sclerosis.


This paper presents a robust gain‐scheduled H∞ controller to improve lateral stability and handling of four‐wheel‐independent‐drive electric vehicles possessing active front steering system with considerations of state delay. The time delay for the state is assumed as uncertain time‐invariant but has a known constant bound. By considering the tyre cornering stiffness represented by the norm‐bounded uncertainty and the time‐varying longitudinal velocity described by a polytope with finite vertices, and the vehicle lateral dynamics model is converted into the uncertain vehicle linear parameter‐varying (LPV) state‐delayed system. The resulting delay‐dependent robust gain‐scheduling state feedback H∞ controller is finally designed utilizing the constructed Lyapunov‐Krakovskii functional, and solved via a set of delay‐dependent linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Simulations for various driving scenarios are implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK‐CARSIM. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.


Abstract The present study assesses the sensitivity of dairy animals to thermal stress, and projects the economic losses due to heat stress in the Trans and Upper Gangetic plains region of India with Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 climate scenario for the time slice 2010–2039 and two subperiods, 2020–2029 and 2030–2039. The projections were carried out for two different scenarios of population and productivity growth of dairy animals, Business-as-Usual (BAU) and Alternate, whereby land, feed and fodder constraints were applied. The potential annual loss in milk production due to heat stress in the region was estimated to be around 361 and 377 thousand tons for the time slice 2010–2039 under BAU and Alternate scenario, respectively. In economic terms these losses, at current prices, would be equivalent to INR 11.93 billion and INR 12.44 billion, respectively. This gives an indication of the level of financial investment that can be made in adaptation measures to arrest the loss due to climate change.


Dehorning of calves is routinely performed in dairy farms. Some advantages of dehorning include, safer handling, decreased injuries to other animals and/or humans, reduce the bruising of the carcass and the aggressive interactions between pen mates. However, dehorning requires pain management to minimize pain and improve welfare. Our objectives were to compare the effects of 2 consecutive treatments with 2 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (meloxicam [ME] and flunixin meglumine [FM]) on activity patterns (standing and lying time) and physiological parameters (rectal temperature and heart rate) in female Holstein calves after scoop dehorning. Holstein heifers (n = 36) aged 4 to 6 mo from 2 dairy farms were enrolled. On study d −7 HOBO accelerometers were placed on the rear leg of calves. On study d 0 (dehorning) calves were randomly allocated into 3 treatment groups: (1) ME (n = 13; 1.0 mg/kg P.O.); (2) FM (n = 13; 2.2 mg/kg I.V); and (3) Control (CON; n = 13; no dehorning). A cornual nerve block was performed with 2% lidocaine (4 mL) before dehorning. The horns were removed using a Barnes dehorning instrument. Treatments (ME, FM) were administered immediately after dehorning. On study d1, all calves were restrained and second treatment dose was administered to ME and FM calves. Accelerometers were removed on study d6. Physiological parameters were measured on study d −7, 0, 1 and 6. The data were analyzed as a randomized block design with repeated measures using ANOVA by the MIXED procedure of SAS. Dehorned calves (ME and FM) spent less time lying (P < 0.05; ME = 760 ± 18.49 min/d; FM = 763 ± 18.42 min/d; CON = 830 ± 18.83 min/d) and more time standing (P < 0.05; ME = 680 ± 18.49 min/d; FM = 677 ± 18.42 min/d; CON = 610 ± 18.83 min/d) the day after dehorning (d 1); and on d 3 and d 4 (P < 0.05) compared with CON. However, no difference in activity patterns was observed between ME and FM groups. No difference was found on rectal temperature and heart rate between groups. Results of this study suggest that scoop dehorning affects activity patterns, and that the 2 pain management strategies had a similar effect on calf behavior. Dehorning is a painful procedure and pain management strategies should be implemented to minimize pain and improve well-being of animals.


Background: Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus may vary in phenotypic and genotypic methods. Objective: The aim of this present study was to validate the oxacillin screen agar test for the detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was planned to carry out in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from January, 2010 to December, 2010 for a period of one (01) year. Different clinical specimens were collected from the patients presented with infections at anybody sites. Isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were performed by staining, culture and biochemical tests. Oxacillin screen agar test was performed to detect the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. PCR was performed for detection of the mecA gene for MRSA. Result: Out of the 22 suspected MRSA isolates 19 were mecA positive by PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of oxacillin screen agar were 100.0% (95% CI 82.3 to 100.0%) and 33.3% (95% CI 24.0 to 90.6%) respectively. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value of oxacillin screen agar test were 90.5% (95% CI 81.0 to 95.5%) and 100.0% (95% CI 20.6 to 100.0%) respectively. The accuracy of the oxacillin screen agar test was 90.9% (95% CI 71.7 to 96.3%). Conclusion: In conclusion oxacillin screen agar test has high sensitivity with low specificity for the detection of MRSA.


In view of the nonlinear of mathematical model of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter,passivity-based control(PBC) is adopted to control inverter,thus the inverter can possesses excellent dynamic and static characteristics.First the Euler-Lagrange(EL) model of inverter is established,which is proved strictly passive.Based on passivity of inverter,the system energy is redistributed.The approaches of damping injection and system decoupling are adopted to optimize passivity-based controller.The active and reactive current of system are controlled to realize the PV array maximum power point FastTrack and compensating the reactive power of local load.Simulation results show that passivity-based control method is practicable.


Series which can be quite enigmatic and mesmerizing is dealt with a different prospective in this paper. Power summation of a series will be encountered in a different light with a touch of computer. A computer program is made and discussed through series power summation.


To the editor, Leptomeningeal myeloma (LMM) is an extremely rare but serious complication of multiple myeloma. Given the small number of cases, drawing conclusions about the effectiveness of different types of therapy can be difficult. We were hence pleased to read the recent review by Yellu et al. on the diagnosis and management of this challenging disease [1]. The authors listed chemotherapy agents that can be used to treat LMM intrathecally (IT), including methotrexate, cytarabine, dexamethasone, vincristine and thiotepa. Although few data exist for any individual IT drug in LMM, we agree that the majority of those agents are reasonable to consider given ample data in other malignancies. However, we disagree with that the apparent recommendation for IT vincristine in both the text and Table 4, given that vincristine is a severe neurotoxin when administered IT. Several case reports of accidental IT vincristine administration describe rapid ascending myeloencephalopathy that generally results in respiratory failure and death. In a few cases, emergent neurosurgical intervention such as cerebrospinal fluid lavage have been pursued immediately, and patients were able to avoid a fatal outcome though they suffered significant neurological deficits [2–4]. In fact, there have been many recommendations made in literature and measures taken to help reduce the incidence of IT vincristine administration, which generally occurs accidentally when it occurs [5,6]. We agree with vincristine package labelling, which contains a black box warning against IT administration. We recommend that the authors revise their otherwise highly informative manuscript to remove the potentially hazardous recommendation for use of IT vincristine in LMM.


This chapter contains sections titled: What Are Contingency Tables?, Technological Attributes, Software Requirements, Modularity, Granularity, Complexity, Product Utility, Competition, Collaborative Infrastructure, Community Attributes, Developer Attributes and Motivations, Leadership, Financing, Marketing, Understanding OSS Institutions, Do Institutions Matter for Success?, Conclusion


Abstract Counselling theories have typically assumed a nomenclaturist view of language. This has been subject to increasing criticism in this century. Two alternative views of language and reality to nomenclaturism are discussed as a basis for post-modern therapeutic practice. It is argued that a post-modem view of counselling should recognise both the value and limitations of language, and in doing so should recognise the value and limitations of counselling as a means of therapy.


The year 2019 is the year of the 120th anniversary of Alexander Nikolaevich Deutsch (1899-1986), the Pulkovo astronomer, doctor of physical and mathematical Sciences, Professor, who for many years was the head of the Department of photographic astrometry and stellar astronomy of the Main Astronomical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences (GAO RAS), the supervisor and teacher of several generations of Pulkovo astronomers and employees of other observatories. This article presents the scientific and social activities of A.N. Deutsch. Archived
data is provided that evidence his participation, along with other Pulkovo employees, in the salvation of the property and scientific Fund of the Pulkovo Observatory during the great Patriotic war, as well as in the work to restore the Observatory. The article is based on the presentation given to and approved by the conference "Astrometry: yesterday, today, tomorrow" (Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University, October 14-16, 2019).


The purpose of the study was twofold: 1) to evaluate the effectiveness of goal-oriented neuropsychological rehabilitation, with EEG-Neurofeedback, developed for a visual artist with PTSD resulting from infection with SARS-CoV-2, followed by severe course of neuroCovid and the sequelae of long term pharmacological coma, 2) to evaluate QEEG/ERP results showing a reduction of late-onset PTSD symptoms (as defined by DSM-5) over the course of the subject's rehabilitation.

The present study describes a 67-year-old right-handed visual artist with PTSD after infection with SARS-CoV-2, resulting in severe course of COVID-19 complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). She was send at ICU, put on a respirator and treated with analgesic sedation during 13 weeks of pharmacologically induced coma. After returning home she received rehabilitation to improve motor functioning, and was referred for further diagnosis and therapy to the Reintegration and Training Center of the Polish Neuropsychological Society. In neuropsychological diagnosis she presented with neurocognitive dysfunctions, including lost ability to paint. In the course of rehabilitation she received:
1. Program A consisted in goal-oriented neuropsychological rehabilitation, including art therapy, aimed at the reduction of the neurocognitive dysfunctions (Pąchalska 2008). This program lasted for 9 months (from the beginning of March till the end of November 2022).
2. Program B based on the most commonly used form of EEG-Neurofeedback: frequency/ ower EEG-Neurofeedback, using 2 bipolar surface electrodes, called "surface neurofeedback" (Kropotov 2016). She received Theta/Beta, SMR training on C3, including (1) strengthening Beta1 and inhibiting Theta + inhibiting Beta 2,and (2) at C4, strengthening SMR and inhibiting Theta + inhibiting Beta, based on the international 10-20 system (Thompson & Thompson 2012). This program was given after a diagnosis of PTSD with late onset symptoms (as defined by DSM-5), from the beginning of August till the end of November, twice a week.
Almost all the short and the long-term side effects of neuroCOVID (including the PTSD) were reduced in magnitude. The artist showed marked improvement and was able to return to painting. The artwork she made after her illness is in high demand with art collectors, which has improved the patient's quality of life.

Goal-oriented neuropsychological rehabilitation, with EEG-Neurofeedback administered for patient with PTSD resulting from infection with SARS-CoV-2, followed by severe course of neuroCovid symptoms and the sequelae of long term pharmacological coma, might be helpful in the reduction of short and long term neurocognitive dysfunctions, including the reduction of PTSD symptoms.


How the sources of physical variation interact with a data collection plan determines what can be learned from the resulting dataset, and in particular, how measurement error is reflected in the dataset. The implications of this fact are rarely given much attention in most statistics courses. Even the most elementary statistical methods have their practical effectiveness limited by measurement variation; and understanding how measurement variation interacts with data collection and the methods is helpful in quantifying the nature of measurement error. We illustrate how simple one- and two-sample statistical methods can be effectively used in introducing important concepts of metrology and the implications of those concepts when drawing conclusions from data.


Traditionally underwater sound projectors are designed by repeatedly exercising an electroacoustic model of a proposed device. Given properties of the environment, chosen materials, and controlling dimensions of the device, one can prepare a model that will predict its mechanical and acoustic performance. Reaching the design goals involves iteration of the model to find that particular mix of dimensions which best satisfies all requirements. The inverse of this process, a design synthesis method (DSM), makes the design process more efficient. In a DSM the environment, materials, and desired mechanical and acoustical metrics determine critical dimensions of a device optimized for meeting those requirements. Following this step regular electroacoustic modeling is used to calculate remaining aspects of the optimized design's acoustic and mechanical performance. Inverting the design equations to develop a DSM for the flextensional class of transducers would appear to be a daunting problem; however, it can be solved rather easily using the nonlinear goal‐seeking algorithms available in mathematical tools such as MATLAB and MATHCAD. This talk will present a brief description of the relevant math problem and its solution.


—The monitoring and online analysis of computer networks is a wide field of research, covering many applications from constant load determination of high-performance wired networks to connection-oriented measurements in different QoS applications. QoS-enabled routing in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) is the most common application for network monitoring in dynamic wireless network topologies. We describe three example applications requiring the monitoring of connection reliability, transmission delay and the network topology. The presented set of applications shows similarities in the used communication network. A network monitoring system used in such network has to have specific properties. We surveyed a number of existing protocols and propose an additional system for network monitoring in mobile wireless networks. We implement and test a Flooding-Based Network Monitoring (FBNM). The impact of flooding-based systems on primary communication using the same wireless medium is tested using the implemented system. The delay of message transmission multi-hop networks is analyzed.


There is no doubt that paracetamol overdose, whether accidental or self-administered, is hepatotoxic. It is controversial whether or not liver injury occurs rarely with therapeutic dosing (up to 75 mg/kg/day), as claimed by some authors. A meta-analysis of 62 studies that enrolled a defined paediatric population who received at least 24 h of paracetamol (acetaminophen in the USA) was searched for reports of any major or minor hepatic adverse events. Five of a total of 32 414 children had minor and 5 had major hepatic adverse events associated with paracetamol use; the two who stopped paracetamol because of raised transaminases had proven viral hepatitis. The causality was rated as possible for all 10 cases. No child had symptoms or signs of liver disease, none needed antidote or liver transplant, and none died. Hepatotoxicity is very rarely reported in association with therapeutic paracetamol dosing, viral hepatitis may be contributory in some cases and evidence of causality is weak.


Damage due to swelling soil is very noticeable in a wide spectrum of structures such as roads, buildings, canal linings, landfill liners, etc. In order to control or overcome such damage, swelling soils are commonly stabilized either mechanically or chemically. To evaluate the severity of swelling and to design for the best and most economical stabilization strategy, an accurate assessment of the swell potential is required. This report uses a reasonable-sized database representing 413 soils retrieved from 45 different projects covering 28 counties in Kansas to develop prediction models. Neural network-based models and various statistical models were developed and compared for their prediction accuracy. Additionally, the reliability of model predictions were examined using an additional 101 data sets. In the second phase, predictions obtained using the developed neural network models along with the experimental database were used to produce a reliability (probability of success) factor matrix. This matrix is used to assign a specific confidence level to predictions obtained from the developed neural network models in order to classify the soil under consideration as a swelling or non-swelling type. Results obtained from this study showed that neural network-based swelling potential prediction models provide significant improvements in prediction accuracy over statistical counterparts. A software program was developed to calculate soil swell from three input parameters and another program to calculate soil swell from five input parameters (Liquid Limit (LL), Plastic Limit (PL), Percent Clay (%C), Optimum Moisture Content (OMC), and Maximum Dry Density (MDD)).