This study aims to identify misconceptions in physics concepts and find out the causes of misconceptions. This type of research is descriptive quantitative research. The research instrument used a five-tier diagnostic test. Determination of samples taken by purposive sampling technique. This research was conducted on 120 students with 55 male and 65 female students from senior high schools in West Bandung Regency and three high schools in Majalengka Regency. Based on the validation results, it shows that the 12 items are categorized as valid and the reliability value is 0.93 which is included in the very good category. The misconceptions identified with the largest percentage are in the concepts of distance, position, and displacement of 49.17%.


Risk management has always impacts in one or more project targets [1,2]. Although many projects are similar, each one is unique and has always specific risks associated with to. In fact, for a company to be successful, it must accomplish a proactive and consistent approach to risk management, during the project life-cycle, to be effective at all organizational levels [1]. Economic downturn experienced in the last 25 years provided a contribution to project management acceptance by companies. Companies started to recognize the need to compete, not just on a project cost basis, but also on quality and, later, on decreasing the schedule of projects and maximizing resources [3]. In the construction industry worldwide, there are several failures related to project management, from overrun and over-budget, to a high level of serious and mortal work accidents, low productivity or weak quality [4,5]. The application of risk management techniques influence performance improvement (of quality, costs, schedule or workers safety) of the project [1,2]. Those factors put the project at risk, affecting directly the productivity. Major projects suffer sporadic deviations during the life cycle, which increases the risk level and the need of risk management processes [4-6]. In bigger and more complex projects, this occurrence is much more frequent. The construction sector is composed by complex and dynamic environments, because of manual work dependency in the processes [7]. According to the same authors, the construction process can be considered a big exercise of risk management, because for many years there have been deviations in relation to the initial planning. The construction industry is under more risks than others since projects support their own risks, due to the fact that they involve different people or uncontrollable external factors [8,9]. Drawing on the literature review and particularly on the conclusions of a previous work in Portugal of Martins [10], this article intends to present the results of an investigation which aimed at checking the way companies, in particular small ones, apply risk management processes steps, as well as at analysing which are the most common detected restraints, evaluating the existent constraints and implemented techniques, and the reasons behind the non-application of some methodologies by the companies.


The filtration properties of wood waste mulch were evaluated for use in an erosion control berm application. Four wood waste materials were subjected to laboratory testing to determine their hydraulic properties in the unaltered state and the modified state. The modifications consisted of adding small particles to the grain-size distribution of the wood waste. The filtration behavior of these materials was evaluated for the 1-D condition in a permeameter and for the 2-D flow condition in a sloping plexiglas box. The 2-D tests simulated field use of wood waste as an erosion control berm. The tests used a series of glass beads of known size and an erodible soil from the field test site, consisting of a silty fine sand, which was mixed with water and passed through the test apparatus. The suspended solids content of the effluent was used as a measure of filter effectiveness. The results of this study and the earlier phases were used to prepare model procurement specifications for wood waste material as erosion control mulch and as erosion control filter berm, which are appended to the report.


A 1-Mb (256k*4/1M*1) CMOS SRAM (static random access memory), fabricated using a half-micron triple-poly double-metal CMOS technology, is reported. A 9-ns access time is attained with 5-V supply and 30-pF load capacitance. This access time has been achieved with a three-stage pMOS cross-coupled sense amplifier, 0.6- mu m high-performance MOSFETs, and an optimized internal supply voltage scheme. A redundancy scheme with no access time penalty has been incorporated. The sense amplifier circuit combined with a CMOS cross-coupled preamplifier has under 10-ns access time. Address and data output waveforms are shown. Typical active current is 55 mA at 30 MHz, and typical standby current is 15 mA (TTL). Typical RAM characteristics are listed.<<ETX>>


In 2013 and 2014, over 50% (728 out of 1336 and 778 out of 1491) of candidates enrolled in constituency development fund (CDF) built secondary schools in Rachuonyo South sub-County got E to D grades which are below the acceptable minimum quality grade of C+ that enables candidates pursue competitive courses at tertiary and university levels. It is against this background that this study purposed to establish the influence of physical facilities on student academic performance in CDF built secondary schools in Rachuonyo South sub-County. The study objectives were: to establish the influence of science laboratory, classroom quality and computer laboratory on student's performance at KCSE. The study was guided by Education Production Function Theory based on the input and output variables. Descriptive Survey and Correlation research designs were used. The study population was 42 principals of CDF built secondary schools and 1 sub-County Quality Assurance and Standards Officer (SCQASO). The sample comprised 37 principals of the 37 secondary schools, and 1 SCQASO. Data was collected using questionnaires, interview schedule and document analysis guide. The instruments were validated for content and face validity. A test-retest correlation of r=.7 showed that the instruments were reliable. Descriptive statistics as well as linear multiple regressions were used in data analysis. The results of the study revealed that the three variables, science laboratory, quality classroom and computer laboratory (which are components of physical facilities) had weak but significant relationship with student performance in KCSE. The study recommended that the Government should provide requisite facilities to guarantee quality education in CDF secondary schools. These findings will guide the government on resource allocation to these schools.


Automatic gate is one of the most preferable domestic intended to provide easy access to gated home. There are three types of automatic gate mechanism, such as sliding, screw drive piston and swing cubic underground. Designs available today are limited only to the three types mentioned. Products available in the market are quite pricy, even when installation and maintenance cost is not yet been considered. Most of the products available in our country are imported from foreign country. The objectives of this project is to study, analyze, and develop a new mechanism that concern with the cost reduction and the mechanism produce should be safe and reliable as well. Here, different type of analysis method was in used in order to develop a proper automatic gate mechanism. Those methods are finite element modeling and mechanical design concept and theories. Stress analysis is done by applying variable maximum loaded stress to ensure the product life service is sustainable. Analysis done also helps in order to select proper material and component specification or sizes for the product development. Therefore, the durability assessment results are significant to reduced the cost and improve the product reliability so as to gain customer confidence. In order to improve the designed mechanism, vibration factor should be take into consideration and more features should be provided.


The issue of preserving the reproductive health of the nation in Ukraine is very acute. The psycho-emotional state of a woman is of particular importance for the prolongation of pregnancy and the normal course of labor. Violation of adaptive mechanisms which are aimed at restructuring the functional systems of the body during pregnancy and on the eve of childbirth, as well as the state of chronic stress contribute to the increase in the of obstetric and perinatal complications frequency and have an adverse effect on the course of pregnancy. The aim of the reaserch was to study the dynamics of psycho-emotional state features in pregnant women after assisted reproductive technologies (ART) application in order to improve the tactics of antenatal surveillance. To achieve this goal, 299 pregnant women were comprehensively examined in the dynamics of prospective observation, which were distributed as follows – the main group included 249 women whose pregnancy occurred as a result of the ART application. The control group consisted of 50 pregnant women with spontaneous pregnancy and its physiological course, which were registered for pregnancy at 6-8 weeks. The women of main group whose pregnancy occurred as a result of ART application were divided into three groups, depending on the factor that caused infertility. The first group included 94 women with tubal-peritoneal factor of infertility, the second group was formed by 87 women with endocrine factor of infertility, the third group included 68 women whose infertility was caused by the male factor. Pregnant women of the study groups by age, marital and social status, place of residence were representative, which allowed further to judge the differences caused by etiological factors of infertility. In order to determine the psycho-emotional state of pregnant women in the study groups in the screening mode, a clinical interview was conducted by filling out questionnaires that contained the constituent questions of the STAI tests in the modification of Yu. L. Khanin and the "Pregnant Attitude Test" by the method of I. V. Dobryakov. The obtained test results indicate that the average score of reactive anxiety in pregnant women of the main group exceeded the same indicator of the control group and was: 49 - pregnant women with tubal-peritoneal type of infertility, 56 - pregnant women with endocrine type of infertility, 44 - pregnant women with male factor of infertility, 24 - control group. According to the results of testing, a significant difference was revealed in the indicators of personal anxiety. The values of indicators of personal anxiety were: 51 - pregnant women with tubal-peritoneal type of infertility, 54 - pregnant women with endocrine type of infertility, 31  -pregnant women with male factor of infertility, 31 - control group. Low level of personal anxiety was observed in 26 (27,6%) pregnant women of I group, 29 (33,3%) pregnant women of II group, which is significantly less in comparison with the indicator of pregnant women of the control group – 33 (66,0%) and III group - 33 (48,5%) (p < 0,05). Moderate type of personal anxiety was observed in 46 (48.9%) pregnant women of group and 40 (45.9%) pregnant women of II group compared to the indicator of the control group – 11 (22, 0%) (p < 0,05). Moderate type of personal anxiety was determined in 25 (36,7%) cases in pregnant women of III group and did not differ significantly from the indicators of I, II and control groups (p > 0,05). A high level of personal anxiety was observed in 22 (23,5%) pregnant women of group I, 18 (20,8%) pregnant women of group II, which is significantly higher in comparison with the indicator of pregnant women of the control group – 6 (12,0%) (p < 0,05). Thus, the study of the psycho-emotional state of pregnant women after the application of ART deviations in the level of personal and reactive anxiety and pathological types of gestational dominant, which are inherent in pregnant women of the main group. Taking into account the above, we consider it appropriate to involve a psychologist to work with the examined pregnant women in order to correct the identified abnormalities.


A set of slides representing six interior styles of design (Victorian, English, Country French, Contemporary, Early American, and Eclectic) was shown to 22 subjects who responded to them on a 20-item semantic differential scale. Four factors obtained from the scale were used as dependent variables in one-way analyses of variance. No differences were found on either the spiritual or activity factors. However, the Eclectic and Country French designs were rated highest and the English design lowest on both the evaluation and aesthetic appeal factors. Early American was judged as intermediate in beauty but high in livability.


In the last years the Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN) have increased their popularity and kept the interest of the most important research groups all over the world. Several standards have been published which represent the first step for developing metropolitan networks: IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) has taken a relevant role in reaching the goal of realizing a full-service network all over a urban and suburban area. This standard provide high data rate in a big covering range with low implementation costs, multi-traffic communication and the possibility of creating broadcast, multicast and mesh networks. The WiMAX networks can have a pre-defined structure, with a central Base Station (BS) covering a cell in which a variable number of Subscriber Stations (SS) could work, or a mesh distribution with SSs communicating together without BS participation. In this paper a QoS management model is proposed for a centralized structure in which the BS schedules the Best-Effort and VoIP traffics of several SSs.


(1977). Order and Disorder in Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye. Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction: Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 112-120.


The invention discloses a photoresist stripping agent. The photoresist stripping agent comprises the following components: (a) 18wt%-80wt% of diethylenetriamine; (b) 18wt%-80wt% of alkyl amide which is selected from one or a mixture of N,N-diethylacetamide and N,N-dimethylpropanamide; and (c) 0wt%-2wt% of a fluorine-containing surfactant, wherein the weight percent is on the basis of the total weight of the photoresist stripping agent. Furthermore, the invention further discloses a method for removing a photoresist by using the photoresist stripping agent.


Introduction Digital X-ray (DXR), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other medical devices require small, high-performance, lowpower data-acquisition systems to meet the demands of doctors, patients, and manufacturers in a competitive marketplace. This article showcases a high-precision, low-power signal chain that solves the challenges of multichannel applications—such as digital X-ray—that multiplex large and small signal measurements from multiple channels, as well as oversampled applications—such as MRI—that require low noise, high dynamic range, and wide bandwidth. The combination of high throughput rate, low noise, high linearity, low power dissipation, and small size makes the AD7960 18-bit, 5-MSPS PulSAR differential ADC ideal for these high-performance imaging applications as well as other precision data-acquisition systems.


Network security is one of the most important research fields among information security techniques. Most problems of network security are often caused by network attacks. In order to ensure network secure running it is very necessary to analyze and research the procedure of network attacks. In this paper, the formal method is researched and automaton theory is used to describe the procedure of network attacks. The state transform diagrams of some typical network attacks are given. Different state transform diagrams are used to describe models for various network attacks and these models can be combined flexibly so as to describe complicated attack behaviors. This formal method for describing network attacks provides an effective approach for researching the mechanism of network attacks.


The gasification test was carried out with pine particle as raw material, how temperature and steam flow rate affect gas gasification performance index was studied by using self-made gasification test system platform. The results show that the volume fraction of hydrogen increases, the volume percentage of carbon monoxide decreases and CH4 content decreases with the increase of temperature in steam flow rate of 0.3kg/h; Its the gas volume fraction of the trend is similar with the steam flow rate of 0.3kg/h, but the total gas energy with the temperature increased first and then reduced and the total gas increased by 28393.39KJ/Kg at 800 °C; The steam flow from 0.3kg/h to 0.6kg/h, the low calorific value of gas varies from 10 to14MJ/m3, the increase of the calorific value of gas is 2111. 36KJ/m3.


The neurological disease Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by neuroinflammation and demyelination orchestrated by the activated glial cells, the CNS infiltrating leukocytes, and their reciprocal interaction through inflammatory signals. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), an enzyme that catalyzes sustained nitric oxide production in response to an inflammatory stimulus, is a pro-inflammatory marker expressed particularly by the microglia/macrophages (MG/Mφ) during neuroinflammation. In MS, iNOS has been reportedly associated with the disease pathology; however, studies dissecting its role in the underlying mechanisms, specifically demyelination, are limited. Therefore, we studied the role of iNOS in a recombinant beta-coronavirus-MHV-RSA59-induced neuroinflammation, which is a prototypic animal model used to investigate the pathological hallmarks of MS, neuroinflammatory demyelination, and axonal degeneration. During the acute phase of infection with RSA59, wildtype C57BL/6 (WT) mice had significantly upregulated iNOS expression in macrophages, natural killer cells, and natural killer T cells suggesting a role for iNOS in RSA59-induced neuroinflammation. Studies comparing RSA59-infected WT and iNOS-deficient mice revealed that iNOS deficiency aggravated the disease with increased CNS infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils and enhanced mortality. As early as 9-10 days after the infection, the CNS of iNOS-deficient mice had substantially higher demyelination marked with morphologically defined MG/Mφ in the demyelinating regions. Transcript analysis confirmed the significant upregulation of type2 macrophage (M2) markers-Arginase 1, CD206, and TREM2-in the CNS of iNOS-deficient mice. Corroborating to the phenotype, the iNOS-deficient mice showed a significantly higher expression of TGFβ-an anti-inflammatory cytokine- and increased T regulatory (Treg) cell infiltration, indicating an anti-inflammatory milieu established early after the infection. These observations highlight a protective role of iNOS in virus-induced neuroinflammation whereas its absence leads to MG/Mφ polarization towards a phenotype that may be involved in the exacerbated demyelination pathology. Author summary Contrary to the reported pathogenic role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in multiple sclerosis and related autoimmune animal models, we show that the mice deficient in iNOS show an exacerbated disease with accelerated demyelination accompanied by heightened production of an anti-inflammatory and phagocytic markers and more numbers of Tregs in a mouse model of a recombinant mouse hepatitis virus RSA59 infection. Therefore, iNOS may play protective and regulatory roles in this beta-coronavirus infection.


The main form of network attack is multi-step attack.The current security equipments can only detect but not forecast.For this issue,this paper presents an approach based on attack utility to recognize the attacker's finally intention and forecast the next possible attack.It describes a multi-attack by the attack intent,and establishes the multi-attack logic diagram based on the attack intention.During the procedure of the attack forecast,attack utility is used to represent the attackers benefit for each attack step.The attack utility is an important reference for the multi-step attack forecast.Experimental results prove the validity of the algorithm.


The reaction of Li2[C4H4B-N(CHMe2)2]·THF with 2 equiv of AlCl3 and 1 equiv of TaCl5 gives mononuclear [C4H4B-N(CHMe2)2]TaCl3 (1) in 47% yield. Alkylation of 1 with 3 equiv of MeMgCl gives methylated species in conjunction with the triple decker complex [C4H4B-N(CHMe2)2]Me2Ta[μ-C4H4B-N(CHMe2)2]TaMe4 (2). Monoalkylation is possible with LiCH(SiMe3)2 to give [C4H4B-N(CHMe2)2]TaCl2[CH(SiMe3)2] (3) which contains a Ta−Cα−H agostic interaction. Addition of H2NAr (Ar = 2,6-iPr2-C6H3) and triethylamine to 1 affords [C4H4B-NH(CHMe2)2]Ta(NAr)Cl2 (4). When 2 equiv of acetone are added to 1, the result is [C4H4B-NH(CHMe2)2]TaCl3[Me2C(O)CH2C(O)Me] (5). Reaction with LiCp* (Cp* = C5Me5) gives Cp*[C4H4B-N(CHMe2)2]TaCl2 (6). Reduction of 6 with Mg under an atmosphere of CO produces Cp*[C4H4B-N(CHMe2)2]Ta(CO)2 (7) which can be protonated with [H(OEt2)2][B(C6H3(CF3)2)4] to form {Cp*[C4H4B-NH(CHMe2)2]Ta(CO)2}{[B(C6H3(CF3)2)4]} (8). Reaction of 1 with excess LiCp' (Cp' = C5H4Me) affords Cp'2[η2-C4H4B-N(CHMe2)2]TaCl (10) in w...


A latch circuit (1) is equipped with: a PMOS transistor (10), the drain of which is connected to a first output node and the gate of which is connected to a second output node; a PMOS transistor (12), the drain of which is connected to the second output node and the gate of which is connected to the first output node; an NMOS transistor (14), the gate of which is connected to a first input node; an NMOS transistor (16), the gate of which is connected to a second input node; and an NMOS transistor (18), the gate of which is connected to a third input node.


The type,research methods,and influence factors of aroma substances,and the fundamental approaches to increase aroma content in flue-cured tobacco were introduced in this paper,followed by summarization on chromoplast pigment and its degradation products.It is concluded that the aroma content of flue-cured tobacco is attributed to combination of genetics,ecology and cultivation,therefore,a combined measures should be employed to increase aroma content.Nevertheless,breeding and variety selection are critical.


The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Abstract Neuronal networks process information in a distributed, spatially heterogeneous fashion that transcends the layout of electrodes. In contrast, directed and steerable light offers the potential to engage specific cells on demand. We present a unified framework for adapting microscopes to use light for simultaneous in vivo stimulation and recording of cells at fine spatiotemporal resolutions. We utilize straightforward optics to lock onto networks in vivo, steer light to activate circuit elements, and simultaneously record from other cells. We then actualize this " free " augmentation on both an " open " two-photon microscope, and a leading commercial one. Following this protocol, setup of the system takes a few days and the result is a non-invasive interface to brain dynamics based on directed light, at a network resolution that was not previously possible and which will further improve with the rapid advance in development of optical reporters and effectors. This protocol is for physiologists who are competent with computers and wish to extend hardware and software to interface more fluidly with neuronal networks. experiments and analyses, and wrote the manuscript. J.M.S. conceived the ideas and chain of algorithms that would avail this system, performed analyses, helped develop the software, and helped write the manuscript. C.A.R. improved the system and contributed critical in vivo experiments to validate it, S.X.Y. developed and calibrated the " all-optical methodology " , R.F.C. helped program critical algorithms for cell detection and image motion correction, Y.D. helped initiate and develop the " all-optical " methodology, and M.S. encouraged these developments, steered their application, helped write the manuscript, and supported the refinement of a robust and general protocol applicable to other laboratories. Competing financial interests The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests with the material or protocols contained in this manuscript.


Many of the genes commonly associated with cancer participate in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Alteration of these genes leads to molecular regulatory defects that are thought to drive the neoplastic process. But could the alterations also affect the response to chemotherapy? Hochhauser et al. (7) in this issue of the Journal address this question for the case of cyclin Dl, a cell cycle regulator that is often expressed at higher than normal levels in breast cancer and other cancers. The proteins of the cyclin D family stimulate cells to make a commitment to begin S phase (2). Cyclin Dl acts exclusively via the retinoblastoma protein (pRb) pathway of the network controlling the G [/S-phase transition; in the absence of pRb function, cyclin Dl appears to be dispensable (3). Fig. 1 outlines the logic of this regulatory pathway, as currently understood. The effectors at the output are the E2F transcription factors that control a number of genes whose expression is required for cells to enter and complete S phase (i.e., S-phase genes), including the gene for dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), which is the focus of the study by Hochhauser et al. (7), and thymidylate synthase, which was included in a previous study from the same laboratory (4). In addition, E2F can cooperate with the tumor suppressor protein p53 to stimulate apoptosis (5). Many S-phase genes are stimulated by E2F and suppressed by E2F-pRb complexes. When pRb is nonfunctional or when cyclin Dl is expressed at higher than normal levels, elevated levels of S-phase gene products are also observed. Increased quantities of such products could, in principle, affect cellular sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs (i.e., chemosensitivity) in the following ways with' diverse consequences: 1) If the overexpressed enzyme binds to or is the target of a drug, cellular sensitivity to that drug would usually be reduced [unless, as in the case of DNA topoisomerases (6), the drug-enzyme interaction yields a genotoxic product]; 2) if the overexpressed enzyme converts a drug from an inactive to an active form, cellular chemosensitivity could increase; and 3) overexpression of E2Fregulated genes would increase the fraction of cells in S phase and thereby could increase the effectiveness of antimetabolites, such as methotrexate, that selectively kill S-phase cells. A recent study by Stone et al. (7), for example, demonstrated that the induced expression of pl6 (which abrogates cyclin Dl function; see Fig. 1) can arrest the cell cycle, prevent the commitment of cells to enter S phase, and thereby reduce cellular sensitivity to methotrexate. For antimetabolites, all of these mechanisms may operate to some degree. In addition, the overexpression of E2F may increase susceptibility to apoptosis (5) and, on this basis, could enhance chemosensitivity. Enhanced expression of E2F can result from abrogation of pRb function or from overexpression of cyclin Dl (Fig. 1). In an earlier study, Li et al. (4) verified that cells lacking pRb function had higher than normal levels of DHFR and thymidylate synthase and found that these changes were associated with decreased cellular sensitivities to methotrexate and fluorodeoxyuridine. In the present and analogous study, Hochhauser et al. (7) transfected fibrosarcoma cells to overexpress cyclin Dl and found that increased levels of DHFR were associated with decreased sensitivity to methotrexate. Of the mechanisms listed above by which increased stimulation of E2F could affect chemosensitivity, the third mechanism presumably can be discounted, because both studies employed drug exposure times that were equivalent to one or more cell doubling times; as a result, even though the fraction of cells in S phase was increased, most cells would have had ample time to attempt Sphase entry. For methotrexate, measurements of drug and drug metabolite levels by Li et al. (4) excluded the second mechanism, which leaves the first mechanism as a plausible explanation. For base and nucleoside analogues, the situation could be more complex, because the enzymes required for conversion to the active phosphorylated products may also be E2F regulated. It is interesting that, in the current study (7), cells exhibited differences in sensitivity to cytarabine that were not consistently associated with levels of cyclin Dl expression, suggesting that multiple mechanisms may be at work.


Recently, the advantages of RFID make it the focus of supply chain research areas, so it is critical to do cost-benefit analysis on RFID investment. By assuming a simple scenario of RFID application on pharmaceutical supply chain and comparing the processes before and after RFID application, this paper analyzes RFID cost and benefit quantitatively, and offers the corresponding formula, finally proposes the PV is the initial of the underlying asset. The aim is to provide a solution to determinate the parameter of initial investment in Real Option model (Wu et al. 2009), which advised to evaluate RFID investment with Real Option.


Hair plays an important role in human appearance. However, hair segmentation is still a challenging problem partially due to the lack of an effective model to handle its arbitrary shape variations. In this paper, we present a partbased model, which is robust to hair shape and environment variations. The model combines local and global information to describe the hair shape. The local model is learned by a series of algorithms, including global shape word vocabulary construction, shape word classifier learning and parameter optimization, while the global model which depicts different hair styles is learned using support vector machine (SVM) to configure parts and define potentials for all underlying hair shapes. Experiments performed on a set of consumer images show our algorithm′s capability and robustness to handle hair shape variations and complex environments.


Taking the A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,A10 ten Oriental lily as test materials,with matrix culture,cutting and air culture at different levels of the scales,the effects of five indicators the average number of cabbage,the average number of roots,seed ball weight(g/100seeds),hair root rate and the rate of cabbage were studied.The results showed that the five indicators of Oriental lily had very significantly difference by using different reproductions.Overall performance was that matrix cultivate was the best,the follows was cuttings and air culture was poor.The best location of scale propagation was external,central and internal in proper order.


The effects of electromagnetic stirring on the microstructures of pipe-line steel SAWdeposited metal were investigated. The results showed that electromagnetic stirringincreased the number density of inclusions with 0.2-0.6μm in diameter and promotedthe formation and refining of acicular ferrite within austenite grains. The low tem-perature toughness of deposited metal was improved.


CLINICAL HISTORY A 21-year-old woman admitted to the hospital with severe headache. While driving, she suddenly could not feel the steering wheel in her right hand and experienced a feeling of getting lost. The symptoms subsided but followed by headache that gradually evolved into the worst headache in her life. Neurologic exam was normal and magnetic resonance imaging disclosed left parietal tumor with a large cystic component and enhancing mural nodule (Figure 1A). Differential diagnosis included ganglion cell tumor (GCT), pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) and pilocytic astrocytoma. The patient underwent left craniotomy with a complete resection of the tumor. Intraoperatively, the mass was intra-axial and consisted of a whiteyellow firm 3 cm nodule located on a wall of a large cavity filled with an amber-colored fluid. There was no association with leptomeninges.


By means of various diagrams, the transient pattern of the natural and artificial radioactivity and of air impurities in 1959 at a valley and a neighboring mountain station was represented and described. It was shown that the air layer near the ground added more long-lived radioactive substances by repeated eddying up from the ground than from greater heights. The daily pattern of the components of the air radioactivity at the mountain and valley stations was described. The effect of vertical temperature gradients on the vertical distribution of natural and artific ial radioactive substances was thoroughly represented. Conclusions on the half-value height of the natural radioactive elements and therefore on the velocity of vertical material exchange were given. The application to the estimation of the transport velocity of contaminated particles from the mountain to the valley was indicated. From the vertical concentration variation of the RaB, the exchange coefficient was calculated as a function of temperature stratification. The correlation between natural or artificial air activity and relative humidity, as well as air pollution, was described by means of diagrams. Whereas natural radioactive particles were bound to the large aerosols of the valley air, artificial radioactive elements were not. These were especiallymore » concentrated by atmospheric descending movements at the mountain station. The activity values originating in the passage of a radioactive cloud from the French atomic research in the Sahara were described using some motion diagrams. (tr-auth)« less


The Engineering Education Scheme forms part of The Royal Academy of Engineering's Best programme, which aims to attract, retain and develop outstanding young engineers, through its student, undergraduate and graduate programmes. Other schemes within the Best programme (which receives funding from the Gatsby Charitable Foundation) include Headstart, Year in Industry and the Engineering Leadership Awards.


A new species of bark beetle, Dryocoetiops krivetsae Kerchev, Mandelshtam, Bykov et Ilinsky, sp. n., from the southern part of Primorsky Krai (Russian Far East), is described. This is the northernmost discovery of the Oriental genus Dryocoetiops Schedl, 1957, and the first record of the genus in the Russian fauna. Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial genes i) confirms an independent lineage of Dryocoetiops krivetsae and ii) indicates numerous conflicts of genera relationships in the tribe Dryocoetini.


Coexistent of amorphous and fcc-Al phases were formed in rapidly solidified Al 98-x Ti x Fe 2 (x=3, 5 and 8 at%) alloys. The structure consists of equiaxed Al grains embedded in the network of an amorphous phase. The grain size of the Al phase is 20 to 30 run and the interparticle spacing is about 7 nm for the Al 93 Ti 5 Fe 2 alloy. The volume fraction of the Al phase is evaluated to be 70 to 80%. The mixed structure is presumably formed through the solidification process of liquid primary fcc-Al+remaining liquid→Al+amorphous phases. The further increase in Ti content to 10 at% causes the formation of an amorphous single phase. The crystallization temperature (T x ) of the amorphous phase increases from 641 to 701 K with increasing Ti content from 3 to 10%. It is to be noticed that the T x values are much higher than that (⇇573 K) for AI-TM-Ln (TM=transition metal, Ln = lanthanide metal) amorphous alloys because of the low diffusivity of Ti. The mixed phase alloys have good bending ductility and exhibit the highest tensile strength (σ i ) of 1200 MPa for Al 93 Ti 5 Fe 2 . The ductility decreases with further increasing Ti content because of the transition from ductile to brittle nature for the amorphous phase and no high tensile strength exceeding 500 MPa is obtained for the amorphous single phase alloy. The formation of the finely mixed amorphous and Al phases with high σ f and T x values is important for the future development of Al-rich Al-Ti based alloys with high specific strength.


The absolute stereochemistry of trisporic acid C (1) is 1S, 13R; the 1α-methyl, which is equatorial, is selectively labelled by [2-14C]mevalonate, and corresponding chirality at C-1 in [2-14C]mevalonate-labelled β-carotene is thereby indicated with implications for the stereochemistry of cyclization in β-carotene biosynthesis.


In a 29 month study of bacterial populations at three sites on the Welsh River Dee, the aerobic heterotrophic bacteria increased from an average basal level of about 1.2 times 104 colony-forming units (cfu)/ml near the source of the river, to 2 times 105 cfu/ml in the lower reaches. The ratio, total bacterial cell count: viable count, decreased from 70 in the upland reaches to 10 in the lower parts of the river. There was no apparent seasonal variation in bacterial numbers but on occasions the bacterial populations in both upland and lowland reaches of the river increased simultaneously. Fluctuations in bacterial numbers over a 50-fold range were observed in this study. Bacterial isolates from both upland and lowland sites were predominated by two groupings of bacteria, the Pseudomonas—Agrobacterium—Alcaligenes group and the Flavobacterium—Cytophaga—Flexibacter group. Results suggested that the latter group may have been part of the autochthonous population. Seasonal variation in heterotrophic potential (Vmax) for acetate uptake was shown to occur over a 30-fold range in the lowland reaches of the River Dee. Peaks in activity at the lowland site occurred during the summer months, the range of Vmax values for acetate ranged from 0.2 to 30 μg/1/h. Fluctuations in Vmax values from the upland site were not seasonal but were instead linked to faecal pollution, Vmax values from this site range from 0.04 to 3 μg/1/h.


A model has been analyzed for the kinetics by which a one‐dimensional array of m sites, representing polymer substituents (pendant groups), reacts (or the sites become occupied) with a mechanism randomly and irreversibly involving three adjacent sites at a time. Equations are derived for the time dependence (a) of the number Nx of sequences obtaining x unreacted substituents, (b) of the extent ξ of reaction, and (c) of the rate ξ of reaction. (The analysis could equally well represent occupation of an array of sites.) Results are given for arrays initially containing a finite as well as an infinite number m of unreacted substituents. In the limit of reaction, t → ∞, a fraction 0.17635 of the substituents become isolated as singletons or in pairs for infinitely long arrays. Of this fraction, the proportion in pairs is 2e−3 (= 0.09957). It is suggested that in addition to being relevant to intramolecular reactions of polymers, the results may be applicable to reactions of, or interactions involving, two‐di...


Objective To observe the effect of soybeanisoflavone and grape seed proanthocyanidin(GSPC) on serum superoxide dismutase(SOD), malonyldialdehede(MDA), reduced glutathione hormone (GSH), nitricoxide(NO).Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into a common control group(Group A, 6 rats, fed with common forage) and a high-fat forage group(fed with high-fat forage). And then diabetes rats were prepared from the high-fat forage group using streptozocin and 18 successfully-prepared rats were randomized into three groups: Group B(a diabetes control group), Group C(an intervention group given SIF+GSPC in a dosage of 250 mg·kg-1·d-1 ) and Group D(an intervention group given SIF+GSPC in a dosage of 50 mg·kg-1·d-1). Group A and Group B were administered by gavage with sterilized tap water, while Group C and Group D with SIF+GSPC in the two dosages respectively. Fasting blood sugar was detected after 6 weeks and 10 weeks respectively, and the changes of SOD, MDA, GSH and NO were determined after 10 weeks in all groups. Results After 10 weeks, a decrease of fasting blood sugar was observed in both Group C and Group D, but only Group C was significantly different from Group B in fasting blood sugar(P0.05); there was significant difference in the SOD activity and the levels of GSH, MDA and NO between Group C and Group B(P0.05); difference in the SOD activity and the level of NO between Group D and Group B was significant(P0.05 ).Conclusion Soybean isoflavone with grape seed proanthocyanidin plays a role in improving the capability of anti-oxidation in rats with type II diabetes.


We study the polaron problem of an impurity immersed in a dissipative spin-orbit coupled Fermi gas via a non-self-consistent T-matrix method. We first propose an experimental scheme to realize a spin-orbit coupled Fermi bath with dissipation, and show that such a system can be described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian that contains an imaginary spin-flip term and an imaginary constant shift term. We find that the non-Hermiticity will change the single-particle dispersion of the bath gas, and modify the properties of attractive and repulsive polarons such as energy, quasi-particle residue, effective mass, and decay rate. We also investigate the Thouless criteria corresponding to the instability of the polaron-molecule transition, which suggests a molecule state is more facilitated with stronger bath dissipation. Finally, we consider the case with finite impurity density and calculate the interaction between polarons. Our result extends the study of polaron physics to non-Hermitian systems and may be realized in future experiments.


The structure of [beta]-cristobalite has been studied though a first-principles total-energy minimization in the local-density approximation using a Car--Parrinello-type algorithm combined with the Vanderbilt ultrasoft pseudopotential scheme. It was found that the hypothetical ordered structure proposed by Wright and Leadbetter is favored and the resulting structural parameters agree very well with experiment. Also, correlated relaxation of Si and O atoms toward [alpha]-cristobalite positions in the vicinity of domain boundaries is indicated.


In this study, the computational structural dynamic modeling of floating offshore wind turbine system is presented using efficient equivalent modeling technique. Structural dynamic behaviors of the offshore floating platform with 5MW wind turbine system have been analyzed using computational multi-body dynamics based on the finite element method. The considered platform configuration of the present offshore wind turbine model is the typical spar-buoy type. Equivalent stiffness and damping properties of the floating platform were extracted from the results of the baseline model. Dynamic responses for the floating wind turbine models are presented and compared to investigate its structural dynamic characteristics. It is important shown that the results of the present equivalent modeling technique show good and reasonable agreements with those by the fully coupled analysis considering complex floating body dynamics.


The field of human-computer interaction does not have an empirically validated model of the low-level perception, decision, and motor processes that people use when they look for an item on a computer screen. The goal of this dissertation is to provide such a model. The approach will be to (1) build computational cognitive models that simulate people accomplishing various specific visual search tasks, such as menu selection tasks, (2) validate the proposed visual search models by using the models to accurately predict how much time people require to accomplish the same visual search tasks, and (3) provide the field of human-computer interaction with some specific practical benefit from these models, such as explanations of how screen layout design guidelines affect the cognitive processes involved in visual search.


Unlike English, many scrambling languages including German, Russian and Japanese, have been acknowledged as showing scope rigidity. Thus, a sentence with multiple quantifiers as schematized in (1) is not ambiguous and surface scope (i.e. subject-wide scope) reading is only available. However, it has been also observed that inverse scope (i.e. object-wide scope) reading is also possible when the sentence is pronounced with certain prosody. In German, rising pitch accent on the subject QP and falling pitch accent on the object QP allows inverse scope reading (Büring 1994, Krifka 1998). In Russian, inverse scope is available when the pitch accent of the determiner of an in-situ object QP is removed (Antonyuk-Yudina 2011) or when the subject QP has contrastive focus accents (Ionin and Luchkina 2015). In Japanese, when a prominent accent is assigned on the subject quantifier followed by a pause (Kitagawa 1990), inverse reading is reported to be available. Even though the specific characteristic of prosody that ameliorates scope rigidity is different language by language, there seems a crucial common property in the inverse-reading inducing prosody: subject QP is prosodically accented (mostly by raising pitch range) and object QP is less (or de-) accented.


Instructors modify offerings of their courses in response to changes in emphasis, curriculum, student preparation, resource limitations, and problems with previous offerings. Changes also involve assessment instruments such as assignments and exams, ensuring that students are indeed learning the material, rather than relying on "information" from previous offerings. However, instructors are seldom guided by meaningful and useful data in making these changes. Instead, most rely on their "gut feelings", and many changes are made in an ad hoc manner, with minimal supporting data to assess whether the changes contribute positively or negatively to student learning. This paper reports on our experience with the transformation of an undergraduate database course at the University of British Columbia (UBC), using best practices from education research. We provide examples of the types of data that can be obtained through various instruments, and can be used in an objective analysis to affect course changes. If such data collection methods are put into place before changes to a course are anticipated, instructors will be better prepared to assess how students are affected by those changes.
 This paper is organized as follows. Sections 1 and 2 provide background information about a process model for course transformation. Section 3 describes the course being studied. Section 4 shows different types of instruments that can be used for data collection. Section 5 provides examples of the data collected, and the analysis that can be performed using that information. Section 6 describes our plans for course transformation based on the data collected.


Since their discovery in 1992, Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs)—small planetary bodies beyond the orbit of Neptune and 'precursors' to short periodic comets— have received considerable attention from the planetary sciences, astronomy, and physical chemistry community. At the low temperatures of KBOs of 30–50 K, a chemical modification of their surface ices such as water, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methanol, and possibly ammonia is predominantly induced via non-equilibrium chemistry through ionizing radiation from solar wind particles, solar wind photons, and galactic cosmic ray (GCR) particles. Laboratory experiments simulating the interactions of ionizing radiation with icy surfaces at ultralow temperatures offer a remarkable opportunity for understanding the chemical processing of primitive bodies and allow for an establishment of a 'chemical' time-line dating back to the origin of our Solar System. Since prebiotic molecules like amino acids and their precursors can be synthesized in these ices as well, those studies also explore scenarios where in our Solar System astrobiologically important molecules might have been synthesized since the formation of the Solar System 4.6 billion years ago. The symposium 'Kuiper Belt Objects – Laboratory Studies, Models, and Observations' at the Pacifichem 2010 in Honolulu, Hawaii, focussed on the interplay between laboratory spectroscopy, theoretical investigations, and fundamental laboratory studies on specific molecular processes, which lead to a chemical modification of KBO surfaces with the overall goal to extract generalized concepts on the chemical processing of KBO surfaces and related bodies in the outer Solar System. Four 'radiation' sources are considered ranging from high energy electrons and MeV nuclei (simulating GCR particles) via solar photons to thermal chemistry of open shell reactants like hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen atoms at low temperatures. In detail, Zheng et al. (DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20528e) demonstrated that an investigation of the chemistry of (suprathermal) oxygen atoms, formed in the decomposition of water molecules upon interaction with energetic electrons in the track of galactic cosmic ray particles (GCRs) yields vital laboratory data on the interacting of non-equilibrium species with waterrich KBO ices. Kim et al. (DOI: 10.1039/ c1cp20658c) proposed that non-equilibrium effects of triplet carbon monoxide in nitrogen-rich ices lead to the formation of the diazirinone molecule (N2CO), which was recently characterized for the very first time spectroscopically. These results were amplified by Pilling et al.'s study (DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20592g) on the processing of water–carbon dioxide ices by heavy MeV particles of the galactic cosmic radiation field. Non-equilibrium effects are also induced via the photolysis of water-bearing ices as outlined by Kinugawa et al. (DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20595a) and Andersson et al. (DOI: 10.1039/ c1cp21138b) utilizing sophisticated time-offlight spectroscopy of the photofragments produced at 157 nm. Oba et al. (DOI: 10. 1039/c1cp20596j), Hidaka et al. (DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20645a), and He et al. (DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21601e) showed nicely that reactions of hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen atoms can also result in a rich chemistry on KBO surfaces. Finally, Kayi et al. (DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20656g) demonstrated via electronic structure calculations that the astrobiologically relevant glycine amino acid is thermodynamically less stable by 31–37 kJ mol 1 compared to its methylcarbamic acid isomer thus raising questions of a possible photon-induced isomerization of both structures. We hope that the timeliness of this topic in light of the currently operating New Horizon Mission (NASA) on its way to (ex-planet) Pluto and the Rosetta Mission (ESA) launched in 2004, which is currently on its route to comet 67P/ChuryumovGerasimenko, triggers further laboratory, spectroscopy, and theoretical investigations on the stability and chemical processing of ices of Kuiper belt objects in the next decade. Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822-2275, USA. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com b State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, North 1st Street, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi 243-0292, Japan Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hua University, Hualien, 974, Taiwan PCCP Dynamic Article Links


As one important technoly in converter steelmaking, oxygen lance position control is investigated with self-adaptive fuzzy PID strategy. We employ the fuzzy reasoning to realize the real-time adjustment of the parameter of PID in order to control the oxygen lance position. With the details of the fuzzy controller, the practical oxygen lance is simulated by using Matlab. The results imply that the self-adaptive fuzzy PID has better properties in obtaining dynamical index and steady state than the regular PID control strategy.


This article reports on different mixtures of N,N-disubstituted alkylamides and tri-n-alkylamines which have been used and evaluated for the extraction of acetic acid and lactic acid


A new 3-D crustal model for North-West of Iran Plateau is presented base on the improved gravity database. The area consists of flat and mountainous regions. The Bouguer anomaly variations are of the order of more than three hundreds of miligals. In order to calculate the isostasic gravity residual a crustal model is assessed using the terrain model of the region. The higher frequency of the gravity signal and the terrain model are filtered using 2d discreet wavelet analysis. The thickness of the zero level roots is estimated by comparing with the new crust model. The synthetic gravity for the A-H model is calculated by Forsberg formula. Subtracting the synthetic gravity from the measured gravity, the isostasy residual anomaly for the region is calculated. Large positive anomalies are observed in Alborz mountains.


Because the initial absorbing speeds in cut flowers of different varieties of Gerbera jamesionii Bolus are different, there is a relationship between the bottled sustaining time and the absorbing water speed. The results showed that the cut flower sterilized with the freshening agent which possess both function of sterilization and providing energy can extend the bottled sustaining time for 3~5 days.


Shahbaz Malik and Yasmin Akram walk through the process with deanery staff from around the country: Elizabeth Hughes, Bill Reid, and Aidan Wafer


introduction: Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome (CAPS) is characterized by multi-organ dysfunction with rapid, diffuse, small vessel thromboses. Early recognition is important to initiate rapid intervention and supportive care. Management is challenging as this condition is rare and there is limited literature available. Despite appropriate diagnosis and aggressive treatment, there remains a high mortality in CAPS. This case illustrates the severe systemic manifestations of this condition which continued despite aggressive therapy. Case Description: A 67 year old male with no prior surgical history presented to an outside facility with nausea, emesis, abdominal pain, and with an acute abdomen. He was taken for an exploratory laparotomy (ex-lap), which showed necrotic small bowel and cecum. He underwent a right hemicolectomy with colostomy and small bowel resection with ileostomy. The post-operative course was complicated by bowel perforation. Repeat ex-lap showed bowel necrosis with subsequent further small bowel resection. Imaging also revealed renal and splenic infarcts. On transfer to our ICU, he had a tense abdomen with severe diffuse generalized tenderness and absent bowel sounds. Laboratory studies showed an elevated white blood cell count, thrombocytopenia, elevated aPTT, anion gap metabolic acidosis, acute renal failure, elevated lactate, and elevated liver function tests. He was again taken to the operating room because of an increasing vasopressor requirement and increasing lactate. This revealed further necrotic small bowel that required additional resection. Due to concern for CAPS, he was given unfractionated heparin, high dose methylprednisolone, plasma exchange, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Despite this treatment, he developed continued bowel ischemia and stroke. He showed no signs of response to therapy and ultimately expired. Discussion: This case illustrates the catastrophic nature of CAPS. There is sparse literature available due to the rarity of the disease. The 10th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies has proposed classification criteria for CAPS that includes: involvement of three or more organs/systems/tissues, developing manifestations simultaneously or in less than one week, histopathology of small vessel occlusion in at least one organ/ tissue, and laboratory confirmation of antiphospholipid antibodies. Management is challenging due to multiple thrombotic events that occur simultaneously or in an evolving manner, presentation is often difficult to distinguish from other entities (e.g. disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, or systemic vasculitis), and the optimal treatment regimen is unknown. If suspected, aggressive treatment is strongly recommended without delay. However, due to variable presentation a high index of suspicion is needed. Current recommendations for treatment include effective anti-coagulation with intravenous heparin, high dose steroids, plasma exchange and/or IVIG. Unfortunately, CAPS is fatal in approximately half of patients despite treatment. Prior case series had suggested that advanced age, higher number of involved organs, thrombocytopenia, and infarcts in the spleen, heart or intestines were associated with higher mortality. However more recent & larger case series showed no difference in mortality for age, sex, precipitating factors, number of organs affected, or laboratory findings. The only factor associated with a higher mortality was the presence of lupus. In regards to this case, this patient developed severe ischemic bowel from multiple thromboses and progressive multi-organ failure which previous literature has described as an imbalance in hemostasis that leads to a "thrombotic storm." Increased awareness of this disease may lead to earlier diagnosis and provide more avenues of study on this disease.


Abstract Two hydration polymorphs [cis-α-Co(trien)Cl2]Cl.nH2O (n = 3, dark blue, IV; n = 2, red-purple. V) were studied by single crystal. X-ray diffraction methods. IV belongs to the triclinic system, crystallizing in the space group P 1 with cell constants of a = 7.216(4), b = 8.474(5), c = 12.348(6) A, α = 98.96(5). β = 97.18(5) and γ = 94.02(5)° V = 736.95 A, d(calc; z = 2) = 1.647 gm-cm−3. V is monoclinic, crystallizing in the space group P21/n with cell constants of a = 7.323(8), b = 8.330(2), c = 22.648(9) A. β = 95.94(6)° V = 1376.30 A3, d(calc; z = 4) = 1.677 gm-cm−3. The structural analysis of IV refined to final R and Rw values of 0.0604 and 0.0689, respectively, using 2108 observed data. That of V refined to 0.0323 and 0.0413 with 2070 data. Despite the difference in the number of waters of hydration and space groups, the two cations are essentially identical and have the cis-α geometry. The difference in colour is a solid-state artifact caused by differences in orientation of the cation's axe...


In this article, some basic concepts of the Theory of Lexical Phonology are summarized and discussed using for the most part evidence from Basque and the Ibero-Romance languages. In the first section, arguments are presented for establishing extrinsic order relations among phonological rules and also between different phonological rules and morphological processes. In section two, some of the main properties that distinguish between lexical and postlexical rule applications are reviewed. Finally, in section three, some interesting aspects of the interaction between the phonological and morphological components in Basque are examined.


A numerical method based on finite difference approach to solve the nonlinear scalar wave equation is adopted. The method is accurate, relatively simple and applicable to fibers with any refractive-index profiles. Some numerical results of propagation characteristics, under low and high power intensity, are presented to show the features of this method


This study attempts to understands and verify the effects of stock splits on the abnormal returns of announcing companies share prices using Market Adjusted Returns (MAR) Model. Test findings reveal splits announcements in Malaysia result in positive but insignificant abnormal returns. Additional OLS test was carry out to examine the relationship between companies' cumulative abnormal returns (CAAR) and prior dividend yield (PDY). Result from uni-variate regression analysis shows there is minimal but significant positive relationship between CAAR and PDY.


Based on the real-coded genetic algorithm(GA) with dynamic mutation probability,a novel method for the radiation pattern synthesis of array antennas is presented,which improves the efficiency of conventional GA in the pattern synthesis of array antennas.Applicating in plane and cylinder conformal array,the sidelobe restraint and beam scanning comes to be implement.This work is significant for analyzing and synthesizing of the radiation patterns of active phased arrays.


A longitudinal study of twin boys examined how well mothers' and sons' characteristics and mutual interactions, assessed when the sons were 2, predict the sons' cognitive and social characteristics at age 9. Ratings of social characteristics were obtained at both ages from interviews with mother and cognitive abilities were also assessed at both ages. Cognitive competence could be predicted very well from the child's 2‐year characteristics, particularly vocabulary IQ, and from mother's education level, which is seen as an index of her genetic contribution and environmental stimulation. However, her 2‐year socialization practices predicted cognitive competence poorly. Some 9‐year social characteristics, on the other hand, were fairly well predicted by mother's 2‐year attitudes and practices, whereas the child's own disposition and mother's education level had only a small effect on them.


A 73‑year‑old diabetic and hypertensive male patient presented with progressive dysphagia loss. There is no of or Upper distal esophageal stricture with inconclusive biopsy so he was referred for evaluation.


Abstract In this work, we show the design of a diffractive-refractive hybrid doublet to achromatize the human eye. It takes advantage of the achromatizing properties of diffractive elements combined with conventional optics. The performance of the doublet has been compared with conventional systems, which have more elements. The results show that it is a useful alternative to those systems.


An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to assess dietary protein and lipid levels on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of juvenile red-spotted grouper (7.85 ± 0.03 g fish−1). Nine semi-purified diets were formulated containing varying protein levels (440–520 g kg−1, dry matter) and lipid levels (60–120 g kg−1, dry matter). The weight gain of juvenile Epinephelus akaara was affected by dietary protein (p = .005) and its interaction with dietary lipid (p = .020). Viscerosomatic index, intraperitoneal fat ratio and whole-body lipid level increased with increasing dietary lipid level (p < .001). Nitrogen retention was not affected by dietary protein and lipid, while lipid retention decreased with increasing dietary lipid level (p < .001). The plasma blood urea nitrogen increased with increasing dietary protein level (p = .003). This study showed that diet with 520 g kg−1 protein and 60 g kg−1 lipid with 30.58 mg kJ−1 P:E provided a maximal growth for this species. Moreover, an increase in dietary lipid levels (from 60 to 90 g kg−1) could reduce the protein requirement (from 520 to 480 g kg−1) without affecting the growth performance, while higher fat deposition was observed in fish fed high-lipid diets.


summary The body of knowledge is the sum total of our human understanding of the world around us. Studies in the area of strength and conditioning make up one of the many fields of knowledge, and strength and conditioning professionals must understand how our understanding is created to successfully use it to optimize their professional practices, approaches, and exercise prescriptions.


Becoming a parent is a lifechanging event that can be demanding in todays' stressful living. Carrying babies with baby-carrier/baby-slings is becoming more and more acceptable in the society. To me ...


Additive maps between the sets of rank-one operators completely preserving anti-involution are characterized,and such maps are proved to be an constant times of isomorphisms or(in the complex case)conjugate isomorphisms.To map Φ∶ R→χ and each n ∈N,a map Φn is defined as Φn((sij)n×n)=(Φ(sij))n×n.If Φn preserves anti-involution,Φ is n-anti-involution preserving.And if Φ is n-anti-involution preserving for every positive integer n,Φ is completely anti-involution preserving.


Ni–Mg/Al2O3 catalysts prepared with methods of co-precipitation (CP), homogeneous precipitation (HP) and acid–base pairing (ABP) were tested for syngas methanation at 623–923 K in a stainless steel fixed bed reactor and further characterized to justify their performances. The Ni–Mg/Al2O3 catalysts prepared with CP using NH4OH, NaOH and Na2CO3 as the precipitants followed an activity order of NaOH > NH4OH > Na2CO3. Comparing further with the samples prepared by HP and ABP resulted in an activity order of HP > ABP > CP (NaOH) for syngas methanation under 0.1 MPa. For CO conversion, a transition of reaction control from kinetic dominance to thermodynamic dominance was observed at about 780 K. Performing 20 h continuous tests at 773 K and under 0.1 and 2.5 MPa further verified the stability of the HP, ABP and CP (NaOH) catalysts for syngas methanation. Analyzing the catalysts via H2-TPR clarified that a lower amount of free NiO and a stronger interaction between the dispersed NiO and Al2O3 or MgO ensured better catalytic performance for methanation. The study also identified two types of carbon deposited on the surface of the spent catalysts.


Latin American women have a long history of anti-imperialist and anti-capitalist political engagement, expanding into feminist praxis with diverse women's movements across Latin America. Following connections with the Chicana cannon and establishing connections with other racialized grassroots groups in Canada, a particular Latina feminist subjectivity emerged that complicates Canadian feminism and challenges dominant narratives of Latin American political activities. Canadian feminist historiographies regularly engage in processes of erasure that inscribes Whiteness and imperialism into the Canadian landscape. In this context, Latin American women's agency, experience, and lives have tended to disappear—along with other racialized women—from Canadian consciousness and literature, relegating them to the perpetual and exclusive role of victims. In this dissertation, four historical junctures have been selected that illustrate the transnational praxis of Latin American women's feminist subjectivities in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. These key moments showcase complex political debates, including the political crisis in


Immunosuppression in Takayasu arteritis (TA) reduces the risk of arterial disease progression. However, long-term use of glucocorticoids (GC) and other agents carries risk, particularly as patients age. GC tapering practice can vary and there are no guidelines on the safety of treatment cessation due to a lack of data. This study describes the cessation of treatment in a large single-centre cohort and evaluates the baseline, clinical and treatment parameters associated with successful treatment stop.

 The Imperial College Takayasu Arteritis Cohort (UK) was reviewed retrospectively; 158 patients, median follow-up 8.4 [5-13.6] years. Patients with data available within 1 year of audit (31/03/2021) were analysed. Treatment was defined as > 6 months of GC, csDMARD or biologic medication and cessation as stopping treatment for >1 year. Cessation safety was assessed by serial angiography (whole aorta MRI or CT) and NIH disease activity scoring. Baseline demographic, clinical and treatment parameters as well as initial treatment responses were compared for cessation and non-cessation cases. Data are median [IQR], comparisons are non-parametric for continuous variables.

 Of 129 (82%) cases requiring treatment, 107 (83%) remained in care. 29 (27.1%) cases of cessation were identified, time off-treatment was 3.6 [2.5-8.2] years. For 25 (86%) cessation cases, treatment withdrawal was due to sustained quiescence. Infection, non-adherence and tolerance accelerated cessation in 4 cases. Long-term inactivity was confirmed by disease activity scoring in all cases and by angiography where available (23 cases). No instances of treatment restart were observed. Baseline demographic and disease severity parameters were similar in cessation and non-cessation patients (Table). Cessation cases had lower GC doses after 2 years of treatment and a trend towards lower disease activity, suggesting better responses. Relatedly, biologic administration (reserved for refractory disease) was markedly lower in the cessation group. Finally, cessation cases had earlier treatment start years, were older at audit and had an increased proportion of Numano Type V classification.

 In TA, complete treatment cessation is feasible and safe in a proportion of cases. Initial treatment response, treatment duration and Numano type V arterial involvement are potential predictors of successful treatment cessation and may aid future stratification strategies after validation.
 Disclosure
 R.T. Maughan: None. A. Porter: None. C. Dahanayake: None. C. Ianonne: None. R. Alapat: None. C. Pericleous: None. T.A. Youngstein: None. J. Mason: None.


Theories can be produced by individuals seeking a good reputation of knowledge. Hence, a significant question is how to test theories anticipating that they might have been produced by (potentially uninformed) experts who prefer their theories not to be rejected. If a theory that predicts exactly like the data generating process is not rejected with high probability then the test is said to not reject the truth. On the other hand, if a false expert, with no knowledge over the data generating process, can strategically select theories that will not be rejected then the test can be ignorantly passed. These tests have limited use because they cannot feasibly dismiss completely uninformed experts. Many tests proposed in the literature (e.g., calibration tests) can be ignorantly passed. Dekel and Feinberg (2006) introduced a class of tests that seemingly have some power of dismissing uninformed experts. We show that some tests from their class can also be ignorantly passed. One of those tests, however, does not reject the truth and cannot be ignorantly passed. Thus, this empirical test can dismiss false experts. ∗We thank Eddie Dekel, Yossi Feinberg, Nabil Al-Najjar, Sandeep Baliga, Roger Myerson and Rakesh Vohra for useful comments. All errors are ours. †Department of Economics, Northwestern University, 2001 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 ‡Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania, 3718 Locust Walk, Phildadelphia PA 19104 and Department of Managerial Economics and Decision Sciences, Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, 2001 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 We also show that a false reputation of knowledge can be strategically sustained for an arbitrary, but given, number of periods, no matted which test is used (provided that it does not reject the truth). However, false experts can be discredited, even with bounded data sets, if the domain of permissible theories is mildly restricted.


On the April 22, 2022. at 11:07 p.m., an earthquake occurred with the epicentre in the area of Berkovici Municipality, at a depth of 5 km, magnitude M 5.7 according to Richter. The same was felt throughout BIH, but also in the wider region. It caused the collapse of chimneys, damage to buildings and landslides in parts of the slopes, so that the residents of eastern Herzegovina (Stolac, Capljina Ljubuski, Berkovici, but also Mostar) spent the night on the streets. The municipality of Stolac suffered significantly, with one victim and several injured due to landslides, which were triggered during the earthquake. An earthquake of this magnitude is always followed by a relaxation of the ground, so that during a period of a few months afterwards Stolac and its surroundings were shaken by dozens of smaller earthquakes, which caused additional anxiety among the residents of Stolac.
According to the research carried out on the spot and the information obtained, cases of rock falls are not a rare case in these areas. The causes of landslides are different, from heavy rains, strong winds, temperature fluctuations and earthquakes, as was the case here. Geologically speaking, the tern is made of crumbling, chalky dolomite and limestone. Since they are located in an outcrop, with a large slope, over 65 degrees, and the objects are located immediately below the slope, then this explains the "shelling" of objects with stone projectiles during any of the above-mentioned hydrological-geological changes.
As we are dealing with a significant number of residential buildings, it is necessary to record the terrain in detail as soon as possible and determine which is the most efficient and economically profitable way of stabilizing the slope above the buildings, i.e. the installation of walls and rock catchers at the foot of the slope, which would in a certain way secure objects from similar engineering-geological processes in the future and protect the lives of the inhabitants of this area.


Today there is a keen competition between regions in the world for companies and inhabitants in order to improve regional development and economic growth. In many regions there is an active effort to create a good home base for companies and inhabitants. Since 2003 municipalities in nine counties in Sweden have come together in co-operative agencies in order to work towards more efficient regional development.

This essay focuses on the relation between the state and the co-operative agencies in the regional development policy and which possibilities the state gives the co-operative agencies to pursue an efficient regional development policy, both legally and financially. I have researched and analysed this through models and ideas on how the state governs the administration and through the translation theory. The result of my study is that the co-operative agencies have a relatively large amount of freedom to make there own priorities, but the ability to act efficiently within regional development is limited.


CANADIAN PUBLIC POLICY IS SPONSORED BY: The Canadian Economics Association, The Canadian Political Science Association, The Canadian Association of Law Teachers, The Canadian Sociology and Anthropology Association, The Canadian Association of Geographers, The Canadian Association of Schools of Social Work, The Institute of Public Administration of Canada, The Administrative Sciences Association of Canada, and The Canadian Association for Business Economics. The most comprehensive, Up-to-date survey of the aging process


Abstract The feasibility of using two new diamides namely; N,N′‐dimethyl‐N,N′‐di(4‐chlorophenyl)malonamide (DMDPhClMA) and N,N′‐dimethyl‐N,N′‐di(4‐chlorophenyl)tetradecylmalonamide (DMDPhClTDMA), as agents for the selective extraction of iron(III) from chloride solution was investigated. A systematic investigation has been carried out on the detailed extraction properties of iron(III) with these extractants from chloride media. The extraction of iron(III) from an aqueous chloride solution in the presence of metal ions, such as Zn(II), Co(II), Mn(II) Cu(II), Pb(II), Ni(II) and Ag(I) was carried out using DMDPhClMA or DMDPhClTDMA in binary and multicomponent mixtures. The quantitative extraction of iron(III) with DMDPhClMA and DMDPhClTDMA in toluene is observed at 4 and 7 M HCl, respectively. The quantitative stripping of Fe(III), from the loaded organic phase was successfully achieved by simple contact with water.


The disproportionate burden of economic and mortality costs of disasters that low-and-middle-income countries bear is exacerbated by the lack of research on mental health in those countries. We investigate the impacts of the 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake on adult mental health by combining longitudinal data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey with the US Geological Survey recorded exposure degrees, implementing both lagged and matching-based estimators. We also explore economic losses suffered from the earthquake as a potential pathway to mental health deterioration. Findings indicate that individuals exposed to the earthquake had a significantly higher likelihood of being diagnosed for depression, and such effects were amplified by the experiences of economic loss. We find no evidence that the exposed group had worse mental health outcomes prior to the earthquake. Finally, the differences in depression diagnosis between these groups decreased over time, demonstrating the exposed population's resilience.


The aim of this paper is to give a survey on the basic reactions and technical performance of gasification and liquefaction of coal.First of all a clear definition of these two different coal conversion processes is necessary both in terms of their objectives as well as of the practical process routes to achieve these objectives(Table 1).The two overall reactions of gasification and hydrogenation as fundamentals of the coal conversion processes of gasification,indirect and direct liquefaction, are explained in Table 2.Gasification takes place in at least two well-defined consecutive steps:pyrolysis under formation of char,and


The δ 13 C values of pedogenic (soil-formed) calcite preserved in the sedimentary record have been used to estimate atmospheric pCO 2 using the paleosol calcite paleobarometer. A fundamental assumption for applying this paleobarometer is that atmospheric CO 2 concentrations have a direct influence on the measured pedogenic calcite δ 13 C values as a result of open-system exchange between atmospheric and soil-respired CO 2 . Here we address the timing of calcite precipitation in relation to the soil saturation state and soil-atmosphere connectivity in a modern Vertisol (smectitic, clay-rich soil, seasonally saturated) in Brazoria County, Texas, U.S.A. Luminescent phases of calcite growth, under cathodoluminescence microscopy, have more negative δ 13 C values (δ 13 C = −11.1‰ VPDB ± 0.78 1σ) than the non-luminescent phases (δ 13 C = −2.53‰ VPDB ± 1.41 1σ). The luminescent phase of calcite formed during the water-saturated portion of the year, thereby minimizing the incorporation of atmospheric CO 2 , and negating its use for pCO 2 estimations. The non-luminescent phase formed during the well-drained portion of the year when atmospheric CO 2 mixed with soil-respired CO 2 and is therefore useful for pCO 2 estimation. From these results we present a model to independently test the saturation state of a paleosol at the time of pedogenic carbonate precipitation. Finally, we calculate soil-respired CO 2 concentrations that are an order of magnitude lower than those that are typically assumed in the soil-carbonate paleobarometer equation.


The paper presents a system for measurement and processing of event-related brain potential records. ERP (event-related potentials) are described from point of view of its appearance and its significance in areas of cognitive neurosciences and neurophysiology. The system hardware is of modular structure, enabling easier changes of its elements. In the current version, software for stimulation and data processing implements oddball paradigm, with special attention to management of time intervals.


Literally and from the social, economic and political perspectives, the statement is valid even today. Around 65% of the State's population is living in rural areas. People in rural areas should have the same quality of life as is enjoyed by people living in sub urban and urban areas. However, this is not the reality. The paper discusses how the Indian educational system, especially sectors that cater to the rural poor, continues to be plagued with a host of enormous problems. India is home to the largest number of illiterate people in the world. Although it is claimed that literacy rates in the country are rapidly increasing, vast numbers of Indians who are officially counted as literate are hardly so in the true sense of the term. The paper discusses how the Indian educational system, especially sectors that cater to the rural poor, continues to be overwhelmed with a host of enormous problems. A plethora of government initiatives to provide access to primary education may be underway, but issues of equity, quality, and access remain areas of concern — particularly in rural schools. Children in rural areas continue to be deprived of worth education owing to factors like lack of competent and committed teachers, lack of textbooks or teaching-learning materials, and so on. Childhood is a time of development – mentally, socially, physically, morally, and intellectually. Education should include all aspects of development that are extremely important for proper and adequate development in each child. Along with it, development of curiosity is vital as an answer to the brainwashing that is all too common in education. The paper also discusses the Annual Status of Education Report or ASER, which means impact in Hindi. India lives in its villages –this statement of Mahatma Gandhi is valid today literally and from the social, economic and political perspectives. In India, around 65% of the State's population live in rural areas. As such, people in rural areas should have the same quality of life as is enjoyed by people living in sub urban and urban areas. Further there are cascading effects of poverty, unemployment, poor and inadequate infrastructure in rural areas on urban centres causing slums and consequential social and economic tensions manifesting in economic deprivation and urban poverty. Hence, Rural Development, which is concerned with economic growth and social justice, improvement in the living standard of the rural people by providing adequate and quality social services and minimum basic needs, becomes essential. Teachers are the backbone of the educational system in India. Government has set up a permanent body for the selection of the teachers known as N.C.T. i.e. National Council of Teachers Education. It conducts the training and selection of the teachers and provides certificate/degree for the teachers that are an essential qualification for the teachers who seek the employment in teaching schools known as B.Ed, or Shastri education. State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT) are set up in all the states to look after the training and research work on the lines of NCERT which is at all India level. Its refresher courses, even modifies the curriculum of the schools and textbooks arc written for the secondary level standard in the state. It also arranges seminars, discusses and refresher courses for the teaching staff. There are a number of educational institutions at the District level. A Distt. Officer/ Inspector of schools looks after the educational institutions in his/her district. They also coordinates the different activities up to the Commissioner, State level in each district. Under this scheme, a college (Inter) 10+2 on the Government expenses is to be spent in each District and other schools are under his observation. Besides, a training centre for Primary teachers, or other refresher courses also opened in the district. The recruitment institute for the teachers, examination centers and the Boards offices are also on the line, such as Minorities schools. Local educational institutions play an important role in the area of education. As our country is poor and cannot afford the heavy expenses of Educational institutions, local education body's arc allowed opening their schools and Government recognizes these institutions at par with the Government institutions. Minority institutions have their own schools with their own expenses or Government grants in-aid. However, they fill the gap and help the Government to reduce its burden. Right to Education is the primary right of every citizen of India, whether a child resides in a high profile society or in a far away not so developed secluded village. Schools in rural areas are promoted to raise the level of education and literacy in rural India. The main aim of running these types of schools in India is to increase the rates of literacy in rural areas. More than 40 percent of India's population is illiterate and cannot read or write. Moreover, schools in rural areas are inadequate and often equivalent to being non-existent. Thus, government's initiative to set up schools in rural areas came into picture. The conditions of rural education in India, is improving steadily and the government is providing full support and providing with many initiatives. The fee structure in these schools is also very low so that every child can study and afford it. Though there are very few schools in rural areas, children and their parents are showing interest and availing school facilities in these remote locations. Children have to walk miles to reach their school. Rural schools pay special attention to children in these locations so that each child gets an equal and important opportunity. They promote reading, writing, and enhanced basic education. These schools also provide study material to every student apart from, meals during school hours, uniforms etc. Rural village schools also have implemented library system, which provide books, newspapers and magazine to children. They not only provide science kits and equipment for hands-on-learning, but also notebooks, textbooks and pencils to poor children. Apart from that, they also give scholarships to deserving students regularly, who wish to study ahead. They create community awareness, about the need for education and world literacy. Many indirect benefits of a basic rural education include poverty reduction, disease control, enhanced employment opportunities and increasing rate of literacy. The curriculum includes Eng-


Summary We present a straightforward procedure for the design of multiplierless half-band IIR filters and VHDL description implemented infixed point arithmetic. We have derived a new closed form expression for coefficients in terms of passband edge frequency, that we have used to overcome errors in the optimization routines in MATLAB.


The citizen card project is the important infrastructure for smart city,and is also the core supporting system for the government to improve people's living level and to establish public service-oriented government.Currently,the major cities are in the construction of or prepare to construct the citizen card project.As the author has many years' experience on citizen card project,describes the citizen project from the global perspective,and in many points of view such as the technical aspect,risk and development trend,etc.It is expected to be the useful reference for the establishment,implementation and decision of different citizen card projects.


The current state of development of the technologies of information and communications is modifying the way the project of designing, executing and maintaining a Building must face. On the one hand during the Building cycle of live it is generated an important amount of information that is managed by different people or different teams. The responsibility of these people starts and ends with the different project phases. On the other hand the knowledge required to describe and manage properly a medium size building system is sp read in an important number of technological and scientific disciplines. Because the current level of development of these technologies this knowledge management must be shared out between different specialists. In this situation building management will overtake managers human capabilities if they are not provided with the adequate computer based tools.


First discovered in Drosophila, the Hippo signaling pathway plays a crucial role in organ size control from fly to human. Interestingly, there are many paralog genes in the mammalian Hippo pathway, which were developed through duplication from fly to human. Tracked in evolution, the Hippo pathway originated from unicellular organism. In this study, we primarily focused on how the Hippo pathway evolved to establish its conserved function in tissue/organ homeostasis, which may shed light on its dysregulation in cancer development from a new perspective. Citation Format: Yuxuan Chen, Wenqi Wang. The origin of the Hippo pathway [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Hippo Pathway: Signaling, Cancer, and Beyond; 2019 May 8-11; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2020;18(8_Suppl):Abstract nr B22.


Entanglement entropy (EE) in critical quantum spin chains described by 1+1D conformal field theories contains signatures of the universal characteristics of the field theory. Boundaries and defects in the spin chain give rise to universal contributions in the EE. In this work, we analyze these universal contributions for the critical Ising and XXZ spin chains for different conformal boundary conditions and defects. For the spin chains with boundaries, we use the boundary states for the corresponding continuum theories to compute the subleading contribution to the EE analytically and provide supporting numerical computation for the spin chains. Subsequently, we analyze the behavior of EE in the presence of conformal defects for the two spin chains and describe the change in both the leading logarithmic and subleading terms in the EE.


This paper presents two renovation management tools that are currently being developed in BIM4EEB project: BIMPlanner—a planning and management tool for housing renovation projects —and BIM4Occupants—a coordination tool between contractors and occupants. An information-sharing layer, based on ontologies and linked data technologies, is an essential technical enabler of these tools. The layer allows data sharing across the different components of the toolkit. The tools aim to enhance information sharing between renovation stakeholders and to enrich BIM data with links to other relevant data in renovation projects.


About a decade ago I wandered into a panel at the Rethinking Marxism conference in Amherst, drawn by its title, which went something like, ''new perspectives in ecological Marxism.'' I wanted to see whether any of the panelists could be recruited for CNS. It was a happy impulse. Two of the four presenters indeed landed in our little roost*Eliza Darling and Salvatore Engel-Di Mauro. Both joined the New York editorial group I was at the time coordinating, worked well, and then passed on to other phases of life. Eliza moved to her home territory in the Adirondack region, and then out of touch; while Salvatore*or ''Saed'' as he acronymously prefers to be called*finished his appointment in Geography at Vassar and went off to the next stop on the academic local*the University of Wisconsin at Stevens Point*which I am pleased to say he enjoyed because it's far to the North and frigid in the Winter.


Hydrous metal oxide (HMO) materials are inorganic ion exchangers which have many desirable characteristics for catalyst support applications, including high cation exchange capacity, anion exchange capability, high surface area, ease of adjustment of acidity and basicity, bulk or thin film preparation, and similar chemistry for preparation of various transition metal oxides. Cation exchange capacity is engineered into these materials through the uniform incorporation of alkali cations via manipulation of alkoxide chemistry. Specific examples of the effects of Na stoichiometry and the addition of SiO{sub 2} to hydrous titanium oxide (HTO) on ion exchange behavior will be given. Acid titration and cationic metal precursor complex exchange will be used to characterize the ion exchange behavior of these novel materials.


Constitutive equations, details of the GFtbox models, complications of remeshing, and the mathematical solution of spherically symmetric growth that is compared with the finite element solution in Figure 6.


The paper presents a chemo-mechanical model for expansive clays that takes into account the effects of cation content and cation exchange. These factors play a key role in the mechanical behaviour ...


Abstract Euglena-, diatom-, and algae-dominated biofilms are the principal producers of iron-rich biolaminates that result in biosedimentary structures, or stromatolites, in an acid mine drainage (AMD) environment in Indiana. These structures are considered trace fossils because they are produced by organism-sediment interactions and record physicochemical conditions of the environment. Our purpose was to link the biofilm types to specific micro- and micromorphological features and the physicochemical conditions under which they were formed. Analyses revealed that Euglena-dominated biofilm produced thin, porous microlaminae by trapping, binding, and relocating AMD precipitates as the biofilm kept pace with chemical sedimentation. More massive microlaminae were produced by high rates of chemical sedimentation brought on by increased discharge and dilution of acidity. Diatom- and algae-dominated biofilms produced thick, mm–cm-scale, porous, spongelike micro- to macrolaminae through oxygenic photosynthesis and/or metal uptake in extracellular polymeric substances, which promoted mineral precipitation on cell walls to create a rigid, porous structure. The variations in biolaminate textures within the stromatolites record seasonal changes in the microbial populations and physicochemical conditions of the AMD environment. These iron-rich stromatolites represent trace fossils that record morphological biosignatures of eukaryote-dominated microbial biofilms and may serve as appropriate proxies in the search for similar evidence of eukaryotic life in other iron-rich paleoenvironments, such as those on early Earth and Mars.


For effectively managing and scheduling remotely sensed data processing task and improving the utilization ratio of processing resources,this paper presents a mathematical model of the problem based on the characteristics of the problem.A quick simulated annealing algorithm is proposed for solving this problem,which uses two types of neighborhood structure: total counterchange(including total redistribution and total swap) and local counterchange(including local redistribution and local swap).Finally,experimental results compared with the results of the heuristic algorithm show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


Formylmethanofuran:tetrahydromethanopterin formyltransferase from the hyperthermophilic methanogenic Archaeon Methanopyrus kandleri (growth temperature optimum 98°C) was crystallized by vapor diffusion methods. Crystal form M obtained with 2‐methyl‐2,4‐pentanediol as precipitant displayed the space group P21 with unit cell parameters of a = 87.0 Å, b = 75.4 Å, c = 104.7 Å, and β = 113.9° and diffracted better than 2 Å resolution. Crystal form P grown from polyethylene glycol 8000 belonged to the space group I4122 and had unit cell parameters of 157.5 Å and 242.1 Å. Diffraction data to 1.73 Å were recorded. Crystal form S which was crystallized from (NH4)2SO4in the space group I4122 with unit cell parameters of 151.3 Å and 249.5 Å diffracted at least to 2.2 Å resolution. All crystal forms probably have four molecules per asymmetric unit and are suitable for X‐ray structure analysis. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Abstract:
               The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of service quality on customer loyalty and to determine the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction at PT. Bank BRI Tenggarong Branch. As one of the state-owned banks with the largest profits in Tenggarong District, the problems that occur in Bank BRI are the Marketing Research Indonesia Survey (MRI) on customer loyalty and The Best Bank Service Excellence 2016 to 2017 shows that Bank BRI's score in terms of service and customer loyalty is still far from expectations. This means that Bank BRI has not succeeded in creating and managing customer loyalty properly. This study uses data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) assisted by SmartPLS version 3.2.8. by testing the hypothesis using the t statistical test. The number of samples used amounted to 143 people.
               The results showed that the service quality variable had a significant effect on customer loyalty. The service quality variable has a significant effect on customer satisfaction. The variable of customer satisfaction has a significant effect on customer loyalty. The corporate image variable has no significant effect on customer loyalty. The service quality variable indirectly has a significant effect on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction so that the customer satisfaction variable is partially proven or there is partial mediation and the corporate image variable has no significant effect in moderating the customer satisfaction variable on customer loyalty with a positive relationship direction (strengthening) and the image variable. companies in this study are included in the Moderation Potential type (Homologiser Moderator)

Keywords: Service Quality, Customer Loyalty, Customer Satisfaction, Satisfaction
Customers, Company Image


Objective:To observe the influence of Huangkui capsule on serum cystatin C and high sensitive C-reactive(hs-CRP) protein in chronic kidney disease patients(CKD).Methods:Sixty cases CKD patients were randomly divided into two groups,control group(30 cases) and treatment group(treated with Huangkui capsules,30 cases).Meanwhile,20 healthy adults were taken as the normal control.The blood concentrations of cystatin C,hs-CRP,Scr and BUN were determined.Results:The level of cystatin C,hs-CRP,Scr and BUN in all CKD patients were significantly higher than those in the normal control(P0.05),the level of cystatin C,hs-CRP,Scr and BUN decreased after 8 weeks of conventional treatment(P﹥0.05),while those significantly decreased addition of huangkui capsule treatment(P0.05);Cystatin C and GFR were negatively correlated,but Cystatin C was positively correlated with hs-CRP.Conclusion:The renal function and inflammation can be alleviated by huangkui capsule in early CKD patients,which could be slowed the progression of CKD.