Tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a Ser/Thr kinase involved in many intracellular processes including innate immunity, cell cycle, and apoptosis. TBK1 is also important for phosphorylating autophagy adaptors critical in selective autophagic removal of damaged mitochondria (mitophagy). However, the mechanism by which TBK1 is activated by PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the autophagy adaptor OPTN provides a unique platform for TBK1 activation. The OPTN-ubiquitin and OPTN-autophagy machinery interaction axes facilitate assembly of the OPTN-TBK1 complex at a contact site between damaged mitochondria and the autophagosome formation site. This assembly point serves as a positive feedback loop for TBK1 activation by accelerating hetero-autophosphorylation of the protein. Furthermore, expression of monobodies engineered in this study against OPTN impaired assembly of OPTN at the contact sites as well as the subsequent activation of TBK1 and mitochondrial degradation. Taken together the findings reveal that a positive reciprocal relationship between OPTN and TBK1 initiates autophagosome biogenesis on damaged mitochondria.


PURPOSE: A method is provided to reduce the level of the undesired signal which is generated in a frequency converter device by realizing a local oscillator leakage reducing circuit. CONSTITUTION: The frequency converter device(20) receives an IF input data signal and at the same time the local oscillator signal from the local oscillator(10) is input to the frequency converter device. The complex signal from the frequency converter device is input to a detecting circuit(30) and accordingly the detecting circuit generates an error voltage in proportion to the level of the undesired signal. Based on this invention, the quality of the signal can be improved by the removal of the undesired signal on transmission. That is, the local oscillator leakage signal is removed by using the detecting circuit and a nulling circuit according to the result that the frequency converter device has a single input port or a multi input port.


The use of Yellowstone River water outside of its basin to develop coal resources in the Northern Great Plains is discussed. It is concluded that Wyoming has adequate water from other sources and could allow diversion of water if political and environmental problems are resolved. (JWP)


Background and Aim: Violence is one of the most important issues in public health, although violence against nurses was known as a major problem, size, extent and risk factors haven't not recognized yet. The aim of this study is to determine the rate of violence during training among nursing students. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 180 nursing students that have inclusion criteria were selected with quota sampling. Data is collected with questionnaire that validate and variable with content validity and test retest respectively. Findings: Among all studied subjects, 6.7% (CI95%: 3.1-10.3) reported physical attack, 8.3% (C195%: 4.3-12.3) physical threat and 39.4% (CI 95%: 32.3- 46.5) verbal abuse in the previous 12-months period. Most of physical attacks were happened by patients (66.7%) whereas most of physical threats were happened by colleagues (36.3%) and then by companions 18.1% and also verbal abuses by colleagues 33.7% and after that patients 31%. There is no significant difference between sex and different years in verbal abuse. Most aggressors in physical attacks were under the influence of diseases whereas majority of aggressors in physical threat and verbal abuse haven't any problem. 66.7% of students reported physical attacks, 26.6% occupational threat and 39.4% verbal abuse to educators. Conclusion: Nursing students are at great risk for violence due to little age and inadequate experience. Therefore planning educational programs about violence, prevention, supporting and consulting after violence are necessary. Language: fa


Today, competition between organizations and companies has become a global competition. Because of the creation and expansion of this global competition among different businesses and companies, many organizations are looking for ways to gain competitive advantage. One of the ways to gain competitive advantage is to focus on the supply chain and improve it. By providing timely, accurate and credible information, information technology improves the performance of the company and its partners in the supply chain. The use of IT tools has affected the supply chain capabilities and subsequently, the supply chain performance is also affected. For this reason, this study examines the impact of information technology on supply chain management. Based on the results of the research, it was determined that the use of information technology in supply chain management increases the quality, reliability and accuracy of information, operational efficiency and improving performance, coherence and collaboration, reducing costs and differentiating products or services.


In this study, the effects of different concentrations of Zn (1 and 5 μM) on wheat plants were investigated hydroponically at two levels of salinity (50 and 100 mM). High salinity, at both concentrations of Zn, significantly decreased the plant's growth and photosynthetic pigments and protein contents, while increased the membrane permeability, as well as the proline, H2O2 and MDH contents. The activities of antioxidant enzymes were not affected by high salinity at low concentration of Zn, but increased significantly at high concentration of Zn. Low salinity, at both levels of Zn, significantly increased the proline and H2O2 contents of plants and antioxidant enzymes activities, but did not significantly affect the other studied parameters. There was no significant difference in the studied parameters between plants supplied with two concentrations of Zn at 50 mM NaCl. On the contrary, at 100 mM NaCl, application of high concentration of Zn, significantly alleviated the injurious effects of salt stress by inducing antioxidant enzymes.


Interactions of nonthermal energetic ions with nonlinear magnetosonic waves are studied by means of a one-dimensional (one space coordinate and three velocity components), relativistic, electromagnetic particle simulation code with full ion and electron dynamics. It is found that, if ions with gyration speeds much greater than the Alfven speed encounter a shock wave, some of them can gain great energies. The acceleration takes place when the particle velocity becomes nearly parallel to the transverse electric field in the shock. On the basis of a simple physical picture, the increase in the energy is theoretically obtained. Both the theory and simulation show that the ions with higher energies can obtain greater energies. Thus, in a plasma with strong magnetohydrodynamic turbulence some of the ions could be repeatedly accelerated to higher energies by many nonlinear pulses.


The prognosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma is very poor, and a curative resection is capable only in few selected patients. Most patients die from tumor recurrence. The rate of intrahepatic recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma is much higher than extrahepatic recurrence or metastasis. The most common site of extrahepatic metastasis is lung, and followed by lymph nodes, bone and adrenal gland. Common sites of node metastasis are celiac lymph nodes and hepatoduodenal lymph nodes, however paraaortic lymph node metastasis is very rare. Here, we report an experience of solitary paraaortic lymph node metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma which was misdiagnosed as primary retroperitoneal tumor by preoperative imaging studies. (J Korean Surg Soc 2006;70:77-82)


Optimal curcumin delivery for medicinal applications requires a drug delivery system that both solubilizes curcumin and prevents degradation. To achieve this, curcumin has been encapsulated in submicrometer chitosan/Tween 20 particles via a benchtop spray-drying process. Spray-drying parameters have been optimized using a Taguchi statistical approach to minimize particle size and to favor spheroid particles with smooth surfaces, as evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. Nearly spherical particles with 285 ± 30 nm diameter and 1.21 axial ratio were achieved. Inclusion of curcumin in the spray-drying solution results in complete encapsulation of curcumin within the chitosan/Tween 20 particles. Release studies confirm that curcumin can be released completely from the particles over a 2 h period. ■ INTRODUCTION Optimized drug delivery systems for curcumin, a major component of turmeric extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, would offer new treatment options for a variety of diseases. 1 However, despite displaying potent antioxidant, 2,3 anti-inflammatory, 4,5 antiseptic, 6 and analgesic 7 activity, the efficacy and widespread clinical use of curcumin is hampered by poor bioavailability. Although high doses of curcumin have been shown to be pharmacologically safe, oral administration of curcumin is rapidly metabolized and excreted. 8 Solubilization of curcumin in aqueous solution typically requires addition of organic solvents (e.g., methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) or alkaline conditions. Unfortunately, curcumin quickly decomposes under these conditions, with a pH-dependent half-life on the order of seconds to minutes. 9−11 The insolubility and instability of curcumin thus provide a prime opportunity for use of drug delivery agents to enhance curcumin's clinical relevance. To this effect, spray-dried chitosan particles have been chosen as a potential drug delivery vehicle to both solubilize and protect curcumin for medicinal applications. Chitosan, an amine-rich polysaccharide derived from chitin, is well-known for its ability to form biodegradable and biocompatible particulate systems for drug delivery. 12−18 Chitosan has been shown to serve as a protective agent against photolytic and hydrolytic degradation of curcumin. 19 Chitosan-based drug carriers for curcumin have also been shown to protect curcumin from degradation, increase drug uptake, and maintain therapeutic benefits. 20 The carrier used in the previous study, however, required several purification steps during production and had a tendency to aggregate in solution. Several methods are available for producing nanoparticles from chitosan, including ionic gelation with tripolyphosphate, microemulsion, emulsification solvent diffusion, polyelectrolyte complexation, and spray-drying. 12,21 Spray-drying offers the advantage of producing a dry drug-loaded particle from a …


Significance
 Poland and the Baltic states have strongly condemned the repression of protests following the 2020 elections in Belarus, supporting the opposition and engaging the international community against President Alexander Lukashenka's government. Their policies towards Belarus previously encouraged economic and political cooperation, trade and independence from Russia. Now democratic values are being prioritised over economic concerns.

 Impacts
 Belarus will pursue a foreign policy more closely oriented to Russia, having lost the support of its closest EU allies.
 Lukashenka will find it harder to resist pressure to increase Russia's military presence in Belarus.
 The Baltic states will explore alternative energy sources to reduce reliance on Belarus.


Soybean agglutinin(SBA) was purified from the excellent seeds of soybean by extraction,fraction with(NH4)2SO4,D-galactose-Epoxy-Sepharose-4B affinity chromatography.The purified SBA showed single PAGE outline and its ability to agglutination for erythrocytes of rabbits.During the research of the comparison of the ability of heamagglutination after combining 5 kinds of sugar ligands,D-galactose,D-galactosamine,IPTG,а-lactose and chitin were added in turn into the solution of SBA to observe the inhibition of the ability to agglutination for erythrocytes of rabbits.The result showed that the ability of SBA to agglutination for erythrocytes was inhibited,and the lowest concentration of the five kinds of sugar ligids to make 50% erythrocytes agglutinated was in turn 1mg/mL、2.5mg/mL、10mg/mL、30 mg/mL,but chitin had no effect to inhibition of the ability to agglutination for erythrocytes of rabbits.


Recently in Japan some citizens and some groups have opened their private gardens to the public. These activities have many sorts of effects to improve urban and rural landscape and communities. Some local governments have begun to support those activities. These open garden activities have not only these improvement effects but also stimulate local economy. In this research, using input-output analysis we estimated the quantity of economic effect to local area by open garden activities and compared with the economic effects of other greenery promotion events. It was found that the aomunt of economic effect to the local area by open garden activities is not as big as that of other greenery promotion events. But the induction rate of economic effect is as high as other greenery promotion events, and especially for input by public government the induction rate is much higher than other greenery events.


Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ethinyl estradiol/norgestrel � used in some oral contraceptives- on orthodontic tooth movement in Wistar rats. Material and Methods: Forty eight female three-month old Wistar rats with an average weight of 250�25gr were divided into two experimental and control groups. One week prior to appliance insertion and during the appliance therapy period, 100 mcg/kg/day of ethinyl estradiol and 1mg/kg/days of norgestrel were administered to the experimental group by gavage; meanwhile the control group received an equivalent volume of Sodium Chloride 0.9 % (Saline). Maxillary central incisors were tipped distally by insertion of springs exerting 30g force. Two, seven and fourteen days after spring insertion animals were sacrificed. The mesioincisal distance between maxillary incisors were measured. Subsequently, histological sections were prepared for histomorphometric studies. Results: 14 days after force application the orthodontic tooth movement was significantly lower in the experimental group (p<0.05). The number of osteoclasts were significantly lower in the experimental group 2, 7 and 14 days after spring insertion (p<0.05). Conclusion: Ethinyl estradiol/norgestrel (oral contraceptives) can significantly decrease the amount of tooth movement in the linear phase. Key words:Oral contraceptives, orthodontic tooth movement, ethinyl estradiol, norgestrel.


The utility model provides a screw locking device which comprises a seat body and chucks arranged on the two sides of the seat body. A first channel for a screw to penetrate through and a second channel extending to the chucks are formed in the seat body. The screw can enter the second channel from the first channel and then falls into the chucks to be clamped. The screw locking device further comprises a blocking device. The blocking device comprises a rear seat and a blocking part, wherein the rear seat is connected with the seat body, the blocking part extends into the seat body and is arranged in the second channel, and the blocking part is connected with the rear seat through an elastic device. The blocking device of the screw locking device can enable the screw to fall into the second channel smoothly. The screw can enter the screw locking device from the first channel, and the blocking device has a function of guiding the screw into the second channel.


We describe a general framework for controlling and coordinating a group of non-holonomic mobile robots equipped with range sensors, with applications ranging from scouting and reconnaissance, to search and rescue and manipulation tasks. We first describe a set of control laws that allows each robot to control its position and orientation with respect to neighboring robots or obstacles in the environment. We then develop a coordination protocol that allows the robots to automatically switch between the control laws to follow a specified trajectory. Finally, we describe two simple trajectory generators that are derived from potential field theory. The first allows each robot to plan its reference trajectory based on the information available to it. The second scheme requires sharing of information and results in a trajectory for the designated leader. Numerical simulations illustrate the application of these ideas and demonstrate the scalability of the proposed framework for a large group of robots. Comments University of Pennsylvania Department of Computer and Information Science Technical Report No. MSCIS-01-09. This technical report is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/cis_reports/150 A Framework for Scalable Cooperative Navigation of Aut onornous Vehicles Rafael Fierro, Peng Song, Aveek Das, and Vijay Kumar GRASP Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania 3401 Walnut Street , Philadelphia, PA 19104 (rfierro, pengs, aveek, kurnar)@grasp.cis.upenn.edu


This study presents initial results toward correlative characterization of barely-visible impact damage (BVID) in unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite laminate plates using nondestructive ultrasonic testing (UT) and destructive serial sectioning microscopy. To produce damage consistent with BVID, plates were impacted using an instrumented drop-weight tower with pneumatic anti-rebound brake. High-resolution, normal-incidence, single-sided, pulse-echo, immersion UT scans were performed to verify and map internal damage after impact testing. UT C-scans were registered to optical images of the specimen via landmark registration and the use of an affine transformation, allowing location of internal damage in reference to the overall plate and enabling specimen preparation for subsequent serial sectioning. The impact-damaged region was extracted from each plate, prepared and mounted for materialographic sectioning. A modified RoboMet.3D version 2 was employed for serial sectioning and...


There's a tremendous amount of evidence for evolution, but biologists are always looking for more. As with any delving into the past, this isn't easy to do. Time erases evidence. A number of wonderful sites of prehistoric cave art have been found over the years, from Altamira in the 19th century to Chauvet in the 1990s. But the experts still haven't come up with a plausible explanation for why this art was created (Curtis, 2006). Questions still remain: were these images meant to celebrate the diversity of life or to bring blessing upon a future hunt? Such questions are what make history both a frustrating and a fascinating endeavor, and no part of history is more frustrating or fascinating than investigating early life on earth. If it's hard to piece together what was going on in caves 20 or 30 thousand years ago, it's not surprising that figuring out what occurred 3 or 4 billion years ago would be much more difficult. The amazing thing is that it isn't totally impossible. Biologists, chemists, physicists, and geologists have worked together to come up with some plausible scenarios for the early years of life on earth. Sure, there's still much controversy about some of their explanations, but there has also been a lot of progress since the experiments by Stanley Miller and Harold Urey in the 1950s in which they attempted to recreate the chemical environment of the early earth. In this column, I want to explore several lines of evidence that together give us at least a sketchy view of what early life was like. That's not bad, considering that many of us can't trace our ancestors back more than two or three generations.

Physicists and geologists agree that the earth is about 4.5——4.6 billion years old. There is also …


This paper describe a kind of measure instrument and its mechanism and composing that apply laser collimation technique and photoelectric detect technique to measure the linear error of cannon barrel, it can instead of the traditional optics measure method, and realize the scathe less automatic measure.


The energy band structure of molecular crystals belonging to the space group P21/a, originally derived by Katz et al., is not valid. The correct band structure is derived by taking explicitly the nonspherical property of molecule in molecular crystals into consideration and using symmetry operator.


In this paper,the occupational stress influencing factors of nurses,the effect of the occupational stress on the occupation and especially the effect of antioxidant enzymes on the organism were summarized.Many research showed that the occupational overstress could have an impact on the the body physically and mentally.The effect of the occupational stress on the health was mainly analyzed and the relief strategies of occupational stress were studied,in order to effectively relieve occupational stress level of the target population,promote the physical and mental health.

Key words:
Occupational stress; Influencing factors; Health; Antioxidant enzymes; Relief strategy


Density tapering can be used to reduce the number of elements, and hence the cost, of an array antenna. Elements, all uniformly weighted, are placed in an aperture so that their density changes with position in proportion to a model amplitude distribution. This model amplitude distribution is one known to give low sidelobes if applied to a continuous aperture. However, a density tapered array only gives low sidelobes if it contains sufficient elements for the change in element density to approximate the shape of the model amplitude distribution. Only larger aperture arrays can achieve this. Statistical density and amplitude tapering have been combined to improve the radiation characteristics of smaller aperture density tapered arrays. The improvement results from a better approximation to the model amplitude distribution, achieved by allowing changes in not only the element density, but also the amplitude weight. >


IN A highly interesting note published in a recent issue of this Journal, Mr. Paul M. Sweezy, suggests that the "imagined" demand curve2 for the output of an oligopolistic producer is discontinuous at the current conventional or administered price of his product. The discontinuity is due to the disparate effects of a slight fall and a slight rise in an individual oligopolist's price. Any cut below the conventional level would be met by rival producers. The increase in the price-cutter's sales volume would be small in consequence and demand for his product relatively inelastic when rivals' reactions are considered. On the other hand, if the individual oligopolist raised his price above the conventional level, rivals would probably not react at all. The priceraiser's trade would fall off markedly, and demand for his product would appear highly elastic. The discontinuity in the oligopoly demand curve leads to a broken oligopoly marginal revenue curve. Toward the close of his article Sweezy expresses his belief that interesting theoretical and practical conclusions may be drawn from the notions of the discontinuous "imagined" oligopoly demand curve and the broken "imagined" oligopoly marginal revenue curve derived from it.3 Four possible applications are developed here.


Silicon photonics is bound to play a key role in quantum information technologies given its compactness, low-power requirements, CMOS-compatibility, room-temperature operation, and the inherent high speed and low noise of photons. The remarkable robustness to disorder and imperfections manifested by photonic states in topological systems emerges as a fascinating research avenue to increase the scalability of silicon quantum photonic technologies. This paper highlights some of the pioneering experimental efforts to understand the potential of topological protection on quantum photonic states and to outline a path toward robust quantum circuits.


China is abundant in coalbed methane (CBM) resource. The unconventional natural gas reserves has reached 36.81*1012 m3. The Qinshui Basin in Shanxi Province is the largest gas field among CBM gas fields in China which are commercially exploited since the year 2003. In order to solve some typical problems in CBM production, this article considered the geographical characteristics of the fields, introduced and analyzed the low pressure gathering and transporting process and facilities, as well as the important techniques. Respectively, this article introduced the surface gathering and transporting procedure, analyzed the characteristics and topological structure; it also proposed the optimization scheme of combining steel pipes with PE pipes in processing system. The gathering and transporting processes of remote areas should be flexible and able to solve the problems during gas recovery from both largely exploited CBM blocks and remote blocks with low production. Thus a more reasonable system design should be proposed. To carry out the scheme, it first defined the topological structure of the system with graph theory, then established the economic model of the combined scheme. The article calculated the critical length of pipeline between two methods and defined the concept of "remote" well area. With the analysis of the actual conditions in a certain block in Qinshui Shanxi, the conclusion shows that: the scheme of laying pipelines can make more profit, which is consistent with the actual field situation., At the same time, we chose a phased optimization method, which divided the optimization of entire system into several sub-problems, including well group division, nodes connection relationship, determination of plant's optimal position, and optimization of pipe diameter. Then we established optimization model that takes the investment costs of each stage as objective functions. The example shows that compared with the artificial design result, the total length of pipeline was reduced by 4.576 km, pipeline investment by 7.35×104 US$, with the respective rates of returns of 19.57% and 4.89%. The number of valve sets in the system fell from 16 to 11 (31%). By analyzing the investment and construction scale of the existing pipe network and optimal pipe network we have proved that the method has an ideal optimization effect. These techniques and schemes can give reasonable instructions in CBM surface gathering system design, powerfully promoting the development of the Chinese CBM industry.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


This article deals with the analysis of the semantic content of the anonymous Russian-speaking forum this http URL, different verbal means of expressing of the emotional state of aggression are revealed for this site, and aggression is classified by its directions. The lexis of different Russian-and English- speaking anonymous forums (this http URL and this http URL, this http URL) and public community "MDK" of the Russian-speaking social network VK is analyzed and compared with the Open Corpus of the Russian language (this http URL and Brown corpus). The analysis shows that anonymity has no influence on the amount of invective items usage. The effectiveness of moderation was shown for anonymous forums. It was established that Russian obscene lexis was used to express the emotional state of aggression only in 60.4% of cases for this http URL. These preliminary results show that the Russian obscene lexis on the Internet does not have direct dependence on the emotional state of aggression.


A constantly changing environment is challenging for all organisms on Earth, especially for terrestrial plants, which face several environmental stresses despite their static way of life. In attempts to understand the mechanisms responsible for plant growth and development, scientists have recently focused on a small group of carotenoid derivatives called "strigolactones" (SLs), which are synthesized mostly in the roots in response to a variety of external factors. Strigolactones are compounds that define plant plasticity towards many environmental factors, including the establishment of mycorrhizal symbiosis under nutrient-deficient conditions. As exogenous signals, they can stimulate the branching of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) hyphae and as endogenous signals they adjust a plant architecture, including changes within the roots, allowing host plant and fungi to meet. SLs can also function as signaling molecules that allow colonization and establishment of the later stages of mutualistic symbioses between organisms such as AMF. SLs act on AMF metabolism by stimulating its mitochondrial respiration. Genes encoding enzymes crucial for SL biosynthesis – CCD7 and CCD8 – are also found in gymnosperm genomes, which encourages speculation that strigolactones may also be part of a host-plant and ectomycorrhizal fungi signaling pathway during the establishment of symbiosis. Nevertheless, SLs impact on ectomycorrhiza formation remain unknown. The broad spectrum of SL bioactivity has made these compounds valuable from an industrial perspective. In the future, SLs may be commercialized in plant protection products, biostimulants, or as substances used in genetic engineering to allow the creation of crops capable of growing under disadvantageous conditions.


A 30-year-old man presented to the eye casualty department with a 2-day history of a foreign body sensation in the left eye. He had recently been grinding metal. On examination, he had a small ferrometallic foreign body at the 9 o'clock position on the left cornea. There was associated engorgement of the bulbar conjunctival vessels.


We propose new methods for I) homogenizing and 2) shhing a high homogeneity solenoid with a magnetic shield. The methods make the shield design more accurate and the shim coils less complicated. The whole-body 0.5 T superconducting MRI magnet is designed to achieve a field homogeneity of 3 ppm in a 50 cm DSV. Its fringe field is less than 0.5 mT outside a radius of 5 m using 12 tons of iron.


: The current load and its influence on degradation of Al-1%Si wires bonded onto copper pads is presented in this paper. The current load was chosen to occur the electromigration phenomenon during ageing. Our attention was paid to the direction of current from Cu pad to Al wire, and as well as reversed from Al wire to Cu pad. The dependencies of electrical resistance (ΔR/R 0 ) relative change vs time as well as dependencies of mechanical strength vs time for different types of current stresses (direct current I DC and pulse current I PULSE ) were obtained and evaluated. The results were evaluated in relation to all above mentioned conditions moreover thermal ageing at 100°C/1000 h was applied and evaluated too.


As analyzing the interaction of water-soil coupling field,we take soil mass as elastoplastic material.Based on nonlinear constitutive relation,the finite element equation of rock considering seepage field can be obtained.The 3-D water-soil coupling mathematical model about dewatering of foundation pit is established;and the different geological model such as groundwater bearing bed,artesian aquifer water bearing bed and exceed flow alimentation artesian aquifer water bearing bed and every engineering condition such as embedded depth of filter tube and depth of stop water heavy curtain are calculated and treated.Taking the International Stock Exchange Hotel in Wuhan for example,the dewatering process of foundation pit is calculated by 3D finite elements.The three-dimension numerical simulation method can be applied to model impervious curtain,anisotropy and non-homogeneous,confined-unconfined water in practical engineering conditions and geological model,which are hard to solve in analytical method.


This study aims to conceptualize the notion of "older worker" intention to continue paid working and to validate a scale of measuring the impact of work related factors on older worker' intentions to continue in employment. This study uses a cross-sectional, survey-based, self report strategy to gather data. The findings the importance of working, the individuals interest outside works, management and organizational factors, work flexibility, and work attachment are the important things that can influence  the older worker to continue paid working


Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are associated with the cerebral accumulation of β-amyloid and α-synuclein, respectively. Some patients have clinical and pathological features of both diseases, raising the possibility of overlapping pathogenetic pathways. We generated transgenic (tg) mice with neuronal expression of human β-amyloid peptides, α-synuclein, or both. The functional and morphological alterations in doubly tg mice resembled the Lewy-body variant of Alzheimer's disease. These mice had severe deficits in learning and memory, developed motor deficits before α-synuclein singly tg mice, and showed prominent age-dependent degeneration of cholinergic neurons and presynaptic terminals. They also had more α-synuclein-immunoreactive neuronal inclusions than α-synuclein singly tg mice. Ultrastructurally, some of these inclusions were fibrillar in doubly tg mice, whereas all inclusions were amorphous in α-synuclein singly tg mice. β-Amyloid peptides promoted aggregation of α-synuclein in a cell-free system and intraneuronal accumulation of α-synuclein in cell culture. β-Amyloid peptides may contribute to the development of Lewy-body diseases by promoting the aggregation of α-synuclein and exacerbating α-synuclein-dependent neuronal pathologies. Therefore, treatments that block the production or accumulation of β-amyloid peptides could benefit a broader spectrum of disorders than previously anticipated.


Tandem cold mill is an important part of the strip rolling process. There is great risk to do the real experiment due to the equipment, material and the cost. So it is have a great importance to set up a related simulation system, and this paper develops a version of controlling simulation software about 5-stands tandem cold mill, whose structure is simple and usage is convenient. This software provides good simulation environment for research of intelligent control and optimum method at tandem cold mill.


We have fabricated high-density arrays of individually isolated semispherical nanocapacitors consisting of porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) layers as dielectric materials and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as electrodes. It is shown that the nanocapacitors made with the CNT electrodes exhibit much better C-V behaviors than those without the CNT electrodes. The improved electrical behavior is explained in terms of the use of the CNT electrodes deposited within the porous AAO layers. The capacitance calculated using semispherical capacitor formula is in agreement with the experimental value.


It is known that eastward propagating atmospheric Kelvin waves (KW) are produced due to latent heat release in equatorial regions of deep convections and hence correlate with the outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR). To understand more closely the generation of KW, especially the ultra-fast KW (UFKW), and the relation between KW and OLR, the horizontal and vertical characteristics of UFKW have been investigated from tropopause to stratopause regions and in the thermosphere during 2011 using temperature and electron density data, respectively, obtained from GPS radio occultations by FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC constellation of satellites. Significant amplitudes of UFKW were found in the present investigations in the upper stratosphere (40 to 50 km) during September to November in the temperature retrievals. Simultaneously, the COSMIC electron density retrievals were also investigated and similar periodicities in the ionosphere were found showing the effects of lower atmospheric forcing in the upper atmosphere. We found that the propagation characteristics have little correlation with the mean zonal winds in the stratosphere, i.e., the quasi-biennial oscillation. Also, OLR over the Indonesian region showed very poor correlation with the UFKW amplitudes in contrast to earlier studies. This shows that the generation of UFKW is a more complex phenomenon than known and needs to be addressed in greater detail. Another intriguing aspect is the choice of modes - wavenumber, period, and vertical wavelength. What causes a preferential UFKW to be generated during a particular event? These questions regarding the generation and choice of preferential UFKW will be discussed with more results. How the effects on the ionosphere-thermosphere system depend on the varying characteristics of the UFKW will also be discussed in detail.


This paper points out that in the equation group of grey model (GM) there exists serious illness problem. Further discussion shwos that the illness of GM models arise from the increase of the model order due to using accumulating numbers to reduce and eliminate randomicity, and the strong illness due to using least squares estimation algorithm to solve the normal equation group of GM models. A widely refered example is analysed and the conclusion is that grey model should be used with great caution.


3 Abstract: Grape syrup (like honey) is widely used in Iran. In the traditional method of producing grape syrup, white soil is added to the grape juice and the mixture is boiled. After cooling, it is filtered. To get syrup, the filtered juice is boiled again and concentrated. In this research, the soil used in the syrup production was studied experimentally for identifying its useful and possible harmful elements (such as heavy metals) and measuring their amounts. To this end, after randomly sampling, the laboratory samples of the soil were dissolved. A number of experiments were performed to identify the anions and cations of each solution separately. The results showed that the soil is free of any contaminant ion. In contrast, calcium, aluminium, magnesium and iron cations are present in the soil sample. The iron and aluminium were measured using absorption spectrophotometry. Also, calcium and magnesium were determined using volumetric titration. The calcium, magnesium, aluminium and iron quantity in 2.0 g of soil are 62.5, 19.4, 1.4 and 8.0 mg, respectively. This study also demonstrates how different elements of the soil affect the grape syrup quality.


The building, designed by the architect M. Piacentini, stands in an isolated position on Lugotevere Castellon between Palzzo di Giustizia (law courts) and Castel Sant'Angelo. The paintings were executed between 1936 and 1938 in the Corte delle Vittorie by Oppo and Santagata, who worked with Sironi and Placentini to create an architectural and decorative unified project at the Casa Madre. The paintings cover an area of about 600 square metres inside the two porticoes that flank the Corte. They depict World War I battles and scenes from life in the trenches and, from the technical and stylistic point of view, they reflect the renewed interest in the Italian fresco tradition from the 15th century (Santagata) and the 17th century (Oppo) as well as the attempt to find a modern figurative language that would be typically Italian, in which it would be possible to recognise the features of national artistic identity. In the cultural discussion of the period this subject coincided with growing interest in the 15th century and the works of Piero della Francesca in particular. Critics in the late 1930s rated Santagata as one of the greasted fresco painters, and recent studies have confirmed his use of this technique right up to the 1970s.


JPEG is a very popular image compression standard in Internet. To simultaneously provide image content protection and copyright protection, in this paper, we provide a robust watermarking scheme for encrypted JPEG bitstreams. The JPEG bitstream is enciphered with a format-compliant encryption to produce another JPEG bitstream with meaningless image content. The watermark embedder can directly embed the message into the encrypted JPEG stream by modifying the quantized DC coefficients without performing decryption or decompression in advanced. As for the watermark extraction, anyone who has the embedding key can extract the watermark from the encrypted watermarked JPEG bitstream and the decrypted watermarked JPEG bitstream. All the watermark embedding and extraction procedures are performed in the compressed domain. We conduct the experiments to verify the effectiveness of the proposed JPEG encryption and watermarking algorithms. Our experimental results also show that the decrypted watermarked images have high visual fidelity, and the watermarking scheme is robust against some common watermarking attacks.


A true least squares single section adaptive notch filter is presented. Internal variables of the algorithm are analyzed theoretically. An approximate iterative algorithm is derived from the exact method. >


The design and development of electrode materials with high specific capacity and long cycling life for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) is still a critical challenge. In this communication, we report the development of tungsten phosphide (WP) nanowire on carbon cloth (WP/CC) as an anode for SIBs. The WP/CC exhibits superior sodium storage capability with 502 mA h g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 . Moreover, this anode is capable of delivering a long lifespan at 2 A g-1 with an excellent capacity retention of 99 % after 1000 cycles.


A pilot-scale test, using the DTRO process. reduce. membrane concentrate. landfill leachate from a waste incineration plant. carried out,. operational states, produced water quality. DTRO system under different water recovery conditions. investigated besides, flux restoration effect through. membrane washing. also analyzed. .: showed, when. water recovery. 50% DTRO system ran stably. good treatment effect, desalinization. about 97%, removal, COD, total N, chloride ions. above 99.3% 97.3%, 98.1%. when. water recovery rate increased from 50%. 65% serious membrane fouling appears while produced water quality changes little. after a 14-day continuous operation, membrane. cleaned by HCl, NaOH, degree. membrane flux recovery. above 95%.. The DTRO penetrating fluid could. used as. boiler feed water after mixed. Reverse Osmosis Water, concentrate could. sent. incinerator. burning.


This Act replaces Article 119 of the Chile Health Code with the following language: "No action may be executed that has as its goal the inducement of abortion."


Heterostructures composed of multiple layers of different atomically thin materials are of interest due to their unique properties and potential for new device functionality. MoS2‐graphene heterostructures have shown promise as photodetectors and vertical tunnel transistors. However, progress is limited by the typically micrometer‐scale devices and by the multiple alignments required for fabrication when utilizing mechanically exfoliated material. Here, the synthesis of large‐area, continuous, and uniform MoS2 monolayers directly on graphene by chemical vapor deposition is reported, resulting in heterostructure samples on the centimeter scale with the possibility for even larger lateral dimensions. Atomic force microscopy, photoluminescence, X‐ray photoelectron, and Raman spectroscopies demonstrate uniform single‐layer growth of stoichiometric MoS2. The ability to reproducibly generate large‐area heterostructures is highly advantageous for both fundamental investigations and technological applications.


This paper is discussing and reviewing the necessity of Islamic management in the application of disaster's administering. Management system applied onto Muslim is supposedly been handled by Islamic management, especially in Malaysia which indicating the highest victims in this county is Muslim. The present applied management is unable to cope the arising problem of disasters. Hence, the additional problems, such as the incongruity towards the existent of disaster management system. Thus, it is a necessity for a new management system to be proposed in order to satisfy the need of Muslims. There are twofold of research questions identified in this research; What is the best management concept that should be applied in Malaysia? Does the Islamic management concept should be the primary source of disaster management system for Muslim community? Two main objectives have been determined in answering the aforementioned questions. First, identify the management concept in Islam, and second, analyzing the requirement in applying Islamic management in handling the matter of disasters' events. This research is considered as a qualitative-exploratory research. Then, in collecting the data, method of library research has been elected. Then, the obtained has data been analyzed via the approach of content analysis. Findings have shown that the Islamic way of handling the disasters has to be based on the Islamic concept of management itself. Disasters' management system of handling the matters related to Islam and Muslim supposedly supported by the Islamic scholarship. Hence, it is a dire necessity and responsibility on the shoulder of authoritative party in applying disaster's management system based on Islamic approach itself.


Water-lubricated bearings of ship propeller shafts - problems, experimental tests and theoretical investigations In recent years can be met ships whose propeller shaft polymer bearings are lubricated with water. It results from simplicity and associated low cost of such solution which is also environmentally friendly as no risk of pollution is involved. However the solution is not free of disadvantages. The main problem is intensive wear of bush material, occurring in certain cases. It very often results from errors of improper design and machining and mounting operations. Another problem is a limited value of its hydrodynamic load-carrying capacity, resulting from low viscosity of water used as a lubricating medium. As results from the performed research investigations, bearing of the kind is a highly sensitive unit. Problems of choosing a suitable bearing clearance, designing an optimum bush geometry, selecting a proper bush material are crucial for lifitime of the bearing.


In human eye, the state of the blood vessel is a crucial diagnostic factor. The segmentation of blood vessel from the fundus image is difficult due to the spatial complexity, adjacency, overlapping and variability of blood vessel. The detection of ophthalmic pathologies like hypertensive disorders, diabetic retinopathy and cardiovascular diseases are remain challenging task due to the wide-ranging distribution of blood vessels. In this paper, Stacked Autoencoder and CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) technique is proposed to extract the blood vessel from the fundus image. Based on the experiments conducted using the Stacked Autoencoder and Convolutional Neural Network gives 90% & 95% accuracy for segmentation.


New business opportunities for aquaculture farmers in Nyeri and Kibera fish vendors – with potentials for real impact on food security in Kibera


BETWEEN JANUARY AND MAY 1981, I was interviewing people in Manchester (north west England) about the supranormal-ESP, psychic powers, the influence of the dead on and in the mundane world, and so on (Bennett 1985). During the course of these interviews, the respondents spontaneously told 153 narratives. The storytelling patterns revealed in this corpus have led me to doubt the universal applicability of the most commonly used model of oral narrative structure (Labov and Waletsky 1967) and to look for alternative ways of defining and describing narrative. As background to the discussion, I want first to give a brief outline of the context in which the stories were volunteered and to summarize the conventional Labovian definition and model. The main


1. What's it All About? 2. Information to Suit - As You Like it 3. Connections - The Internet and the Web 4. That is to Say - Free Expression, Privacy, and Security 5. What's Mine is Whose? - Intellectual Property 6. You, Me, and Everyone Else - Alone Together and Vice Versa 7. Attack of the Bits - From Nuisance to Cyber Warfare 8. Mind and Machine - Artificial Intelligence 9. We Are What We Do - Ethics and Responsibilities 10. The Future Lays Ahead - We're off to See...?


For multitasking environment of an embedded system, an improved method called hybrid model for power management algorithm was proposed for modeling of system with general distribution. First, the dynamic power management strategy algorithm was introduced, and the reason why it needed to be improved was expounded. Then, the Rescaled Range Analysis (R/S) method was used to analyze the long distance correlation of non-stationary time service requests and the corresponding strategy was selected depending on the different results. These strategies are remaining battery power timeout strategy, fuzzy not quite PID strategy and semi-Markov random strategy. Finally, the method for determining the strategy parameters was given and the strategy proposed in this paper was analyzed experimentally. The experimental results show that this strategy makes up for the deficiency of conventional dynamic power management strategy and has more extensive adaptability.Under the condition of 10% performance loss, the average system power consumption is reduced by 37%, and the hit rate is more than 60%. The algorithm reduces power consumption more efficiently than other methods, and is applicable in embedded systems.


1. tone processing method a media stream, comprising the steps of! take on media gateway (MG) command issued by the media gateway controller (MGC), which carries the setting of the control tone signal by removing a media stream, and! removed or reserved to MG tone in the media stream according to the parameter properties. ! 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the! setting of the property contains a Tone Removal, and! at step or removing redundancy in MG tone in the media stream according to the parameter further properties: remove tone found in the media stream, if the value of the Tone Removal equal to the ON, or! reserved tone in the media stream, if the value of the Tone Removal equal or OFF Tone Removal property is not specified. ! 3. The method of claim 2, wherein! setting of the property further comprises a Tone Removal List, and! at step or removing redundancy in MG tone in the media stream according to the parameter further properties: removed or reserved tone in the media stream according to the property Tone Removal List, if the value of the Tone Removal still ON, or! reserved tone in the media stream, if Tone Removal property is initially specify a property value or Tone Removal equal OFF. ! 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of removing or tone reservation at media stream according to the property Tone Removal List additionally: if the value of the Tone Removal List is equal to the list, including at least one tone, removes detected (e) Tone (e) signal (s) included (e) in the list of media stream, or! removed all the detected tone signals from the media stream, esl


Correcting insertions/deletions as well as substitution errors simultaneously plays an important role in DNA-based storage systems as well as in classical communications. This paper deals with the fundamental task of constructing codes that can correct a single insertion or deletion along with a single substitution. A non-asymptotic upper bound on the size of singledeletion single-substitution correcting codes is derived, showing that the redundancy of such a code of length n has to be at least 2 log n. The bound is presented both for binary and non-binary codes while an extension to single deletion and multiple substitutions is presented for binary codes. An explicit construction of single-deletion single-substitution correcting codes with at most 6 log n + 8 redundancy bits is derived. Note that the best known construction for this problem has to use 3-deletion correcting codes whose best known redundancy is roughly 24 log n.


Multiple eruptive xanthomas developed in a 69-year-old man with disseminated coccidioidomycosis who was being treated with intravenous (IV) miconazole. These lesions rapidly cleared when therapy was stopped. Although the carrier solution in parenteral miconazole has been associated with serum lipoprotein abnormalities, including a prominent hypertriglyceridemia, cutaneous manifestations have not been previously described. Report of a Case In February 1977, a 69-year-old man with a two-year history of chronic disseminated coccidioidomycosis was admitted. Physical examination at the time showed no skin lesions. Important laboratory findings included several mildly elevated fasting blood sugars, which ranged from 100 to 150 mg/dl (normal, 58 to 100 mg/dl) and were compatible with a past medical history of adult-onset diabetes that was well controlled with diet alone. Cultures from bone marrow and sputum were positive forCoccidioides immitis. Amphotericin B therapy was instituted, but was stopped because of renal and bone-marrow toxicity. In August 1977, IV


OBJECTIVE
To define the rate of complications from surgery following intensive chemoradiotherapy in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

DESIGN
The medical records of 131 consecutive patients treated with a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma from 1995 through 2002 were reviewed. Thirty-eight patients underwent 50 surgical procedures. Thirty-seven neck dissections were performed either for persistent disease, initial neck stage N2 or greater, recurrent disease, or electively as part of salvage surgery for the primary site. Thirteen salvage operations were performed for persistent or recurrent disease at the primary site.

SETTING
Academic tertiary care referral center.

PATIENTS
A total of 131 consecutive patients treated with a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (mean age at diagnosis, 53 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE; Rate of complications from surgery.

RESULTS
Wound complications occurred in 4 (11%) of 38 patients and 5 (10%) of 50 procedures. Major wound complications occurred in 3 (8%) of 38 patients. Minor wound complications occurred in 2 patients (5%).

CONCLUSION
Surgery can be safely performed after intensive chemoradiotherapy.


December 18, 1982 ANDHRA PRADESH Serious Challenge to Congress (I) M Shatrugna ELECTIONS to the Andhra Assembly have always been a tame affair with the ruling Congress bagging almost a two-thirds majority every time. Even in the .1978 elections the Congress (1) got 175 seats. With defectors from the Opposition it has now 265. But the present election appears to be a different one with the emergence of Te- lugu Desam. For the first time since 1953 when Potti Sriramulu laid down his life for a separate Andhra state from the former Madras Presidency, the Telugu nation question' has been brought into the open by N T Rama Rao. NTR, a novice to politics, by raising the slogan of 'Andhra Self- Respect' for the first time has posed a challenge to Congress (I) in the state in a manner in which" no other leader has succeeded in the past. The manner in which the state leaders are treated as clapper-boys by the Congress (I) High Command is fully exposed by NTR in his election speeches. His Telugu Desam campaign appears to be modelled on the 'Sell-Respect' movement launched by E V Rama- swamy Naicker in Tamil Nadu in the 1920s. More powers to the stater,, autonomy on state issues, guarantee of press freedom, job-oriented education, full protection of civil and democratic rights and protection of the rights of the minorities are some of the issues which NTR is posing to the electorate. His remarks against the former three Chief Ministers, nominated and removed at the whim and fancy of the High Command, have roused derisive laughter and tapped popular sentiment, The formation of the party has sent a cold wave through the established parties, especially the Congress (1). N Bhaskar Rao, a serious contender for the Chief Minister's office at the time of B Venkataram's selection, was the firs! to desert the party and join Telugu Desam. NTR admitted him into his party only after he resigned from the Assembly. In fact, resignation from the Assembly has been one of the conditions laid down by NTR for those who wish to join Telugu Desam. Rao was followed by the mercurial N Sriniva- sula Reddi of Nellore district. It was Reddi who had fired the first shot that brought down the Chenna Reddy Ministry two years ago. Announcement of elections has increased the infighting in the Congress (1). It became open when 90 sitting MLAs were denied tickets and in 30 constituencies 'rebel' Congressmen filed their nominations. The list included .wo former Ministers. C V Sudhakara Rao and B Seshasayana Reddy, In several areas 'rebel' Congressmen were 'adopted' as ollicial nominees. Lists were changed many times after , the last date of nomination depending upon the 'connections' the candidate had with the High Command. The uncertainly had reached such comic proportions that even the PCC(I) chief C, Yenkalaswaim filed his nomination in Gajwel(SC) and later withdrew when the High Command assured him a berth in the coming ministry. Those denied tickets were vociferous in their indignation. The lumpen nature of the Congress (I) ranks was clear when C Ramaduss, a sitting MLA from the Sanathnagar constituency who was denied a ticket this time, attacked and ransacked the official residence of the Minister-cum- PCCO) Chief with a 500-strong mob of supporters. Significantly. he was later 'adopted' as official candidate in lieu of Shankar Rao, son-in-law of the PCC(I) chief, the PCC(I) in the state is so uncertain about its electoral prospects that it has summoned Indira Gandhi to lour the state for eight days, Rajiv Gandhi and a galaxy of Union Ministers and Chief Ministers of Congress(l)-ruled states will campaign in the state. To meet the 'film hero' on his own ground. Sivaji Ganesaiu Ainitahh Baelmn and Dtlip Kumar will campaign for the Congress (1).


Support Vector Machines (SVM's) are used to chunk topological fields in German, a multi-class classification problem on highly unbalanced data. As SVM's are originally developed for binary classification we have to extend them to our multi-class problem. The negative effects of unbalanced data are compensated by introducing error penalties. Yet, it is unclear how to optimize these parameters. We compare several optimization approaches, amongst them optimization of SVM-parameters with genetic algorithms (GA's).


Background Ecological communities tend to be spatially structured due to environmental gradients and/or spatially contagious processes such as growth, dispersion and species interactions. Data transformation followed by usage of algorithms such as Redundancy Analysis (RDA) is a fairly common approach in studies searching for spatial structure in ecological communities, despite recent suggestions advocating the use of Generalized Linear Models (GLMs). Here, we compared the performance of GLMs and RDA in describing spatial structure in ecological community composition data. We simulated realistic presence/absence data typical of many β-diversity studies. For model selection we used standard methods commonly used in most studies involving RDA and GLMs. Methods We simulated communities with known spatial structure, based on three real spatial community presence/absence datasets (one terrestrial, one marine and one freshwater). We used spatial eigenvectors as explanatory variables. We varied the number of non-zero coefficients of the spatial variables, and the spatial scales with which these coefficients were associated and then compared the performance of GLMs and RDA frameworks to correctly retrieve the spatial patterns contained in the simulated communities. We used two different methods for model selection, Forward Selection (FW) for RDA and the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) for GLMs. The performance of each method was assessed by scoring overall accuracy as the proportion of variables whose inclusion/exclusion status was correct, and by distinguishing which kind of error was observed for each method. We also assessed whether errors in variable selection could affect the interpretation of spatial structure. Results Overall GLM with AIC-based model selection (GLM/AIC) performed better than RDA/FW in selecting spatial explanatory variables, although under some simulations the methods performed similarly. In general, RDA/FW performed unpredictably, often retaining too many explanatory variables and selecting variables associated with incorrect spatial scales. The spatial scale of the pattern had a negligible effect on GLM/AIC performance but consistently affected RDA's error rates under almost all scenarios. Conclusion We encourage the use of GLM/AIC for studies searching for spatial drivers of species presence/absence patterns, since this framework outperformed RDA/FW in situations most likely to be found in natural communities. It is likely that such recommendations might extend to other types of explanatory variables.


Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal of considerable toxicity with destructive impact on most organs. Our previous results and numerous reports demonstrate that Cd induces complete degeneration of the seminiferous tubules with severe depletion of germ cells and spermatogenesis arrest. So far, there are no effective antidotes for treatment of Cd poisoning. In our study, we present the effect of polyether ionophorous antibiotic salinomycin on some quantitative parameters of spermatogenesis in Cd-intoxicated mice. The experimental animals were divided into four groups as follows: Group 1 consisted of untreated control mice receiving distilled water for 28 days; Group 2 (toxic control group) - received Cd(II) acetate orally at a daily dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. for 2 weeks, followed by 2 weeks of distilled water; Group 3 consisted of mice exposed to Cd(II) acetate for 2 weeks, as described for group 2, and subsequently treated with an average daily dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. of tetraethylammonium salt of salinomycinic acid for 2 weeks; Group 4 consisted of mice who received distilled water for 2 weeks and were subsequently treated with an average daily dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. of tetraethylammonium salt of salinomycinic acid for 2 weeks. All compounds were dissolved and received in the drinking (distilled) water. Animals and testes were weighed to calculate testicular index (testicular weight/body weight ratio). Spermatozoa were isolated from both vasa deferentia and counted. We found statistically significant increase of the testicular index in Group 4 (salinomycin alone) compared to the Cd-intoxicated group as well as to the control. Sperm count significantly increased (87%) after salinomycin administration to Cd-intoxicated animals. These positive effects correspond to our data for restoration of morphology in other organs of Cd-intoxicated mice and demonstrate the potential application of salinomycin as an antidote for the treatment of Cd-poisoning.


The paper focused on governance in Nigeria vis-a-vis global corruption. It examined the various ways by which global corruption has affected governance in Nigeria. Key concepts were discussed, namely, corruption, governance, global corruption and characteristics of global corruption. The paper which defined corruption as impairment of integrity, virtue or moral principle, also identified its causes as greed, love of money, and excessive pleasure, among others. Corruption was found to have a symbiotic relationship with poverty. Global corruption, characterized by the rich western countries supporting dictatorship in developing countries and destabilizing democracies in these countries for their selfish purpose, is found to be responsible for many failing states in the Third World countries, Nigeria as a typical example. While the paper identified the attributes of good governance as transparency, rule of law, accountability, efficiency, effectiveness, equity, and responsiveness, these were found to be almost out of place in the governance system in Nigeria thus contributing to governance failure in the country. The paper suggested the way forward as being transparency in every transaction, especially transactions between the donor western countries and the recipient countries, among others. The paper concluded that in addition to internal causes, namely ethnicity, religious intolerance, nepotism, and bad leadership, global corruption has greatly contributed to governance failure in Nigeria.


The aim of the study was to find out the factors that hinder the implementation of the student centered methods in the teaching and learning of mathematics at secondary school level. The study was a descriptive survey, involving questionnaires and intervi teachers. Descriptive data were mainly presented in form of tables, graphs and direct quotations from teacher. From the findings the constraints included examination assessment requirement, time factor, resources es ones such as the size of classes and the heavy planning involved. Teachers regarded the student centered methods as useful and rewarding teaching and learning strategi that they are fully aware that their pupils get highly motivated by being involved in student activities. It was therefore concluded that the implementation of student teaching and learning of sec under study.


One of the most significant factors in the megapolis environment in reducing the electricity generation from photoelectric converters (PV) is the contamination of their surfaces. The paper carries out the analysis of various literature sources on the types of pollution and their effect on the operation of the PV, and also the methods for dealing with pollution. The main contamination sources of solar installations are shown to be the soil particles, bird droppings, leaves, snow, air pollutants coming from industrial enterprises, various types of dust associated with human activities, emissions from road transport, etc. The analysis of these studies has indicated that the productivity of the PV is reduced primarily due to carbon contamination, then due to soil particles and calcium carbonate particles. We carried out an experimental study of the influence of various pollution types on the operational effective of solar power plants in Moscow. A series of experiments was carried out in the autumn-winter period, under conditions primarily of low insolation. We covered one of the PV with a layer of dust (ash, snow) at each experiment, the second one (the control one) – was cleaned. The air temperature was 0–2 oC. Each experiment was conducted for 60-90 min. In addition, before the main series of experiments, we have verified the clean modules, and with their simultaneous contamination. Experimental studies were conducted for the following types of pollution – dust, ash and snow. The experiment showed that: The average error in measuring pure modules is 3% that is consistent with the passport data of the installations. Dry dust in Moscow does not play a significant role in the development of the PV. Wet dust by carbon particles is the main source of reduced power generation by PV (up to 30%). Snowfall leads to a significant decrease in the calculated values of the instantaneous efficiency of modules (over 10%). At low values of insolation, there is a sharp increase in the error in measuring the productivity of the PV.


People with disabilities suffer from inability to communicate with their surroundings, so Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) technologies are used to have a means of communication for people with disabilities with their surroundings. HCI is an emerging technology in the disciplines of Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Engineering. To power an external device, HCI technology uses several basic signals such as ECG, EMG, and EEG. Electrooculography (EOG) is a technique for measuring the potential difference between the cornea and the retina located between the front and back of the human eye, and the main application of EOG is to determine the directions of different eye movements. This study aims to assess eye movement for communication by persons with disabilities using electrocardiogram (EOG) data. In this study, the Supporting Vector Machine (SVM)  and Long- Short term memory (LSTM)  classification techniques was used and two types of features (statistical and time domain features) were used. Classification accuracy was 90.7% and 93.9% when using SVM with statistical domain and time domain features, respectively ,whereas  Classification accuracy was 90.1%  when using LSTM .


The demand for energy is steadily increasing and, at least for the coming decades, the world has to rely on oil and gas to address this need. Most of the easiest accessible offshore petroleum reservoirs have been discovered and a great part developed over the last six decades. Thus, development of new oil and gas fields faces a lot of challenges as most of them are in remote areas, in deep waters and/or in areas with extreme environments like the Arctic region. One of the major trends in the offshore petroleum industry points towards deeper waters (e.g. outside West Africa, the Brazilian Pre-Salt developments and in the Gulf of Mexico). This trend also includes increased use of subsea installations instead of platforms, more subsea processing and increased use of pipelines to transport the hydrocarbons to shore or into a pipeline grid. This paper addresses some of the challenges pipeline design, installation and operation may face in deep and ultra-deep waters. The main design challenge is related to the high external pressure that may cause collapse of the pipeline. This potential failure mode is normally dealt with by increasing the pipe wall thickness, but at ultra-deep water depths this may require a very thick walled pipe that becomes very costly, difficult to manufacture and hard to install due to its weight. One approach to overcome this is to improve some of the parameters that determine the collapse resistance by an improved manufacturing process. Other approaches are to ensure a minimum internal pressure is maintained in the pipeline during all phases, or to install a buoyant pipeline that is anchored at a moderate water depth rather that laying on the sea bed.


ABSTRACT This article argues for reconceptualizing islām as 'wholeness making, peacemaking, well-being making, and safety making' in the institutional setting of theological schools. A small number of Protestant seminaries have hired Muslim faculty and introduced Islamic studies programmes, thereby allowing for approaches to the study of Islam that focus on theology, professional practice and the lived experience of religion. Using the lens of translation studies, this article analyses the semantic and functional equivalence of this fourfold meaning in the Arabic source language and context, as well as the English target language and context, focusing on Emmanuel College of Victoria University in the University of Toronto as an example. The article demonstrates how this translation is linguistically more accurate than 'submission' and other conceptualizations and contextually better suited to meeting the theological and professional needs of students who venture into the workplace. Furthermore, the article shows how this fourfold translation serves as an overarching ethos in ethical reasoning, rendering the central theory of the objectives of the law (maqāṣid al-sharīʿa) functional and pragmatic. At the same time, it provides a foundation for dealing with diversity and difference in interreligious and intercultural settings.


It provides a thermal management structure for the apparatus. The thermal management structure comprises a metal plating, metal plating is connected to the contact areas for the plurality of contacts of the first type is located on the first side of the apparatus. Metal plating capable of forming a bridge structure over the contact area for the second contact of a second type, without contact with the second contact. The structure of the bridge, the thermal management structure can further include a layer of insulating material on the contact region of the second type.


In this paper we provide an overview of could computing .Cloud Computing is the upcoming technology which provides easy accessing to resources in the cloud.This provides free services and paid services on demand.Cloud is an extension of internet.In this an overview of cloud computing,cloud computing features,types,characterstices, Architecture,security issues are discussed.Cloud requires more security as its combination of different platformsand an open access internet.


In this paper,a high performance digital demodulator used for UHF RFID Reader receiver is proposed.After carefully analyzing the characteristics of the received data,correlation operation is introduced into the demodulator design to estimate the frequency of the received data and then decode them.This demodulator has been implemented on FPGA and found to work well for the RFID receiver link.Simulation results and FPGA test results indicate that this demodulator can work well under the 6dB input signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) and tolerate +/-22% frequency deviation of the received data.


Megacities development is putting an increasing pressure on water resources in their peri-urban areas. It particularly raises the challenge of the competition between potable water supply and irrigated agriculture, in a context of rapid land use changes, which results in increased pressures on water availability and quality. This is the case of the Tiete-Cabeceiras catchment in the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo (Brazil), the only metropolitan catchment where agriculture is being represented in the water committees - the negotiation and discussion body for water management at catchment level. While agriculture directly competes with domestic water uses, it also provides some environmental and social services: it contributes to the preservation of forest fragments, prevents illegal urban land occupation and probably contributes to the preservation of social network in its rural district which could counterbalance the negative social effect of urbanization. But urbanization is putting an high pressure on agriculture and its evolution is difficult to anticipate. An approach based on the development of simulation tools as mediating tools for concertation on this issue is presented. (Resume d'auteur)


Bacillus cereus widely distributed in the environment and can survive all types of heat treatment so, The present study was undertaken to assess the presence of Bacillus cereus in 60 milk samples (boiled milk, pasteurized milk and ultra-heat milk "UHT") (20 each) were collected randomly from different dairy shops and supermarkets in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate. The results revealed that the incidence of B. cereus was 50%, 15% and 15% from boiled milk, pasteurized milk and ultra-heat milk (UHT), respectively. Susceptibility of B. cereus isolates to 14 antimicrobial agents showed that B. cereus isolates were high sensitive to Ciprofloxacin (Cp) 87.5%, Gentamicin 81.2%, Enrofloxacin (En) 62.5, Norfloxacin (NoR) 50%, Erythromycin (E) 43.8%, followed by Cephalothin (CN) 25%, Ampicillin (Am) 31.2%, Chloramphenicol (C), 18.8%, Cefixime (CF) 12.5%, Streptomycin (S 12.5%. Finally Oxytetracycline (T) 6.3%, while the isolates showed the highest resistance against Neomycin (N) 100%, followed by Kanamycin (K) 93.7% and finally Sulphamethoxazol (SXT) 81.2%. Detection of virulence genes of 16 isolates of B. cereus by multiplex PCR indicates that only 4 isolates (25%) were positive for hbl C gene, 2 isolates (12.5%) for cyt K gene and 10 isolates (62.5%) were positive for both hbl C and cyt K genes. Our data showed that the occurrence of the gene sequences that code for enterotoxins production increases the virulence and the public health hazard of these bacteria.


This editorial refers to 'Primary percutaneous coronary intervention by magnetic navigation compared with conventional wire technique'[†][1], by M.S. Paterson et al. , on page 1472 and 'Randomized comparison of the magnetic navigation system vs. standard wires in the treatment of bifurcations'[‡][2], by S. Ramcharitar et al. , on page 1479

Interventional cardiology continues to evolve in response to the challenges encountered in treating increasingly complex anatomy and often higher risk patients. There have been many giant steps forward in the field including steerable guide wires, over the wire, and monorail balloons, bare metal stents, and then drug-eluting stents to name but a few. Against this collage of giant steps, the application of magnetic guidance for procedural performance must be placed in perspective. As is true with any new technology, a crucial question to be addressed is what is the magnitude of the problem that the new technology tries to solve, and what is the outcome of applying this new technology.

The articles by Patterson et al. 1 and Ramcharitar et al. 2 explore the application of a unique magnetic navigation system in two separate populations. This system has been described in other publications.3–5 This system has two external magnets with appropriate user interface for varying the magnetic field. A touchscreen control …

 [1]: #fn-2
 [2]: #fn-3


This paper wishes to present three virtual art ecologies that were created in 2013 in the metaverse of Second Life, involving a re-interpretation of the folk tale Little Red Riding Hood (LRRH). The tale of LRRH has many layers of complexity that are open to many varied interpretations, some of which were tackled by the participating artists and will be discussed in this text. Beyond presenting the work itself, this paper also wishes to discuss a theoretical framework regarding storytelling, especially as it relates to today's information society, and it's offshoots, online virtual worlds.


The survey and research on propagandizing and educating peripheral community around 11 nature reserves in Guangxi province revealed that residents' cognition was synthetically affected by not only reserves' rank,location,type for protection,institutes responsible for management,but also residents' sex,marital status,age,education,family economic status,major economic income and so on.Moreover,the cognition was also influenced by the differences from individuals and residents among reserves.And then corresponding measures were proposed.


We present here a technique for on wafer noise we mea- surements using bipolar R.F. cell structures. Measurements were taken using both single and multiple device placements on a variety of tech- nologies. At mid band, identification of individual noise sources with- in the device allows us to extract a base spreading resistance parame- ter. This noise extracted value for rb is compared to data from 'S' para- meter measurement and our noise measurements are tested against simulated mid-band noise profiles.


ABSTRACT This paper presents bacteriological analyses of the deposits of Lake Mendota, a fresh-water lake in Wisconsin. Samples were taken from two different stations in both winter and summer from the surface of the deposit and from the underlying marl. A varied flora was found, including most of the groups of soil microorganisms. The nitrifying and cellulose decomposing bacteria were detected only in a few instances in the surface muds.


A technical solution is proposed for the electrical transmission of the torque of the internal combustion engine to the wheels (propeller) of a hybrid vehicle to set it in motion. The purpose of the technical solution is to reduce energy losses in the electrical power transmission device and reduce the cost of its implementation. The expected economic effect in the implementation of the proposed technical solution consists of a reduction in power losses during electric power transmission up to 10% of the engine power, and the cost of its implementation will reduce the cost of the vehicle by up to € 2 000. The proposed device is technically feasible using commercially available devices and can be used in the automotive industry, while being able to recoup the costs of implementation, that is, it meets the criterion "industrially applicable".


Reaction of the 1,2-disilylene, [{ArC(NDip) 2 }Si] 2 1 (Dip = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl, Ar = 4-C 6 H 4 Bu t ), with CO proceeds via insertion of CO into one Si-N bond, and Si-Si bond cleavage, to cleanly give the bis(silylene), {ArC(NDip) 2 }Si(:)O [[EQUATION]] Ar 2, under ambient conditions. The reaction can be partially reversed when solutions of 2 are subjected to UV irradiation. The five-membered heterocyclic fragment of 2 represents the first silicon analogue of an "abnormal" N-heterocyclic carbene ( a NHC), a view which is substantiated by a computational analysis of the compound. Reaction of 2 with [Mo(CO) 6 ] under UV light affords the chelate complex, [Mo(CO) 4 (κ 2 -Si,Si- 2 )] 3, while reaction with [Fe(CO) 5 ] gives the unusual silyleneyl bridged complex, [{Fe 2 (CO) 6 }{μ-Si[(NDip) 2 CAr]} 2 ] 4. The same coordination complexes can be accessed by reaction of 1 with [Mo(CO) 6 ] or [Fe(CO) 5 ] under UV light. As is the case for a NHCs, d-block metal complexes of bis(silylene) 2 could prove useful as bespoke catalysts for organic transformations.


Abstract : An analytical theory of knowledge is developed. Truth and negation operators and cognitive operators are defined and their decomposition into objective and subjective components demonstrated. The general area of (1) cognitive theory of communication processes, (2) truth in the empirical sciences, (3) the internal structure of cognitive systems, (4) communication between cognitive systems are all developed analytically. A matrix representation of cognitive systems is developed for the operators defined above. Objective and subjective orthgonal vector spaces are defined, in which statements are represented as vectors. Connection with the Mueller matrix and Stokes vector formalisms is given. The basic processes of detection and sorting are developed where detection consists of data gathering, and sorting relates to data processing. Analogy with radar-target detection is given, in which cognition is shown to be equivalent to matched-filter reception, target formation (sorting) and classification.


The Experimedia Blue project aims at enhancing the visiting experience before, during and after the actual museum visit. Using a novel methodology, museum visitors' cognitive styles are extracted through a short quiz onsite or a Facebook game offsite. The system's recommendation component provides personalised information to the user combing museum characteristics, visitor's behaviour in the museum and elements of user's personality. Being a work in progress, initial results have been encouraging and final experimentation phase is expected in spring 2013.


Experimental transition probabilities arising from 4d8 5s2, 4d9 6s and 4d9 5d levels of Ag II and 3d8 4s2 level of Cu II were measured. A time-resolved system with a Nd-YAG laser that produced free neutral and ionized silver and copper plasma by ablation was used. Transition probabilities were deduced by measured branching ratio and experimental and theoretical data for radiative lifetimes. A comparison between our values and the theoretical ones is made where available.


The invention relates to a method for determining the presence or absence in a waist region defined around a radio communicating master terminal, a radio communicating device module, the terminal and the radio communicating module operating according to a protocol BLUETOOTH type of radio communication (R) and in response to application programs, the protocol having means for retransmission of data from the module when receiving said data by the terminal is incomplete or incorrect, and that for a maximum time of re -Test, the data being received only considered if the receipt of all data is correct during the maximum time of retry, the data exchange being characterized by a transmission error rate. According to the invention, after recognition by the master terminal (1) the presence of the peripheral module (2) at a time T, the master terminal sends a data block request to the test module then goes into standby for receiving said block size test data set during a specified period D, the peripheral module having a power limitation for the constant emission test data block, the correct receipt of said data block by the test terminal during the term D indicates the presence of the module in the zone of defined size. A system, device and application module complements the invention.


Mobile devices get smarter and increasingly provide access to sensitive data. Smart phones and tablet computers present detailed contact information, e-mail messages, appointments, and much more. Users often install apps on their devices to get additional functionality like games, or access to social networks. Too often, such apps access sensitive data and take privacy less serious than expected by users. In this paper, we will have a closer look at permissions that users grant to apps in Android, a wide-spread operating system for mobile devices like smart phones. As it turns out, Android does not provide sufficient control to their users about what apps are allowed to do. We demonstrate the feasibility of a permission tracking functionality, but conclude that thorough modifications in Android itself will be necessary to provide satisfying control of apps' permissions and users' privacy. Keywords-Android, mobile devices, privacy, permissions,


: The paper reports research on pedestrian crossing behavior at signalized and non-signalized intersections and to analyze the various types of facilities that need to be implemented at desired locations to improve the safety of pedestrians while crossing the road. In this paper various pedestrian characteristics like age, gender, motif of the trip, baggage and luggage being carried by pedestrian and their effect on different pedestrian flow characteristics like speed of crossing and time of waiting are analyzed. Findings from this paper could help researchers and practitioners understand the behavior of pedestrians and help them to come up with better ideas to create ideal street crossing environment.


To achieve high-precision and non-contact measurement of outer and inner surface defects on hemispherical shell,a optical composite measurement method was proposed on the basis of a new type of non-orthogonal coordinate measuring machine.It combined the laser probe's point-scanning with the vision probe's surface-scanning,and could measure not only the coverage and distribution of the surface defects,but also their depth/height.Actual measurement results show that the method is feasible,precise and efficient.


A self-perpetuating circle of research, policy, and knowledge production has emerged around human mobility in the context of climate change, spurred on by a seemingly unquenchable thirst for knowledge. This article interrogates this circle, and the group of actors at its centre, through the lens of power-knowledge relations. The analysis interrogates the boundaries of the thinkable, the limits of how it is legitimate to know human mobility in the context of climate change. Four sets of boundaries feature: the presentation of the issue as a problem requiring technical solutions; the validation of particular elite spaces as sites of research, policy, and knowledge production; the admission of certain actors to these spaces; and the terms in which it is possible to talk about the issues. These boundaries are drawn around one particular knowledge created by an elite epistemic community at the expense of others that are not granted the same legitimacy. This knowledge is often employed (by its creators and by others) to make and support calls for increased migration control, as such potentially concretely effecting the lives of people on the move. This article therefore argues for breaking the self-perpetuating circle of research, policy, and knowledge production. This critique is not only important for understanding how we know human mobility in the context of climate change but for pushing the boundaries of the thinkable.


Analysis of the ESR spectrum of the radical cation, derived from p, p′-bis-{phenyl(triphenylphosphorylidene)methyl}biphenyl reveals that spin density is found at both 31P nuclei. Zero spin density is indicated for the outer phenyl rings. In the radical cation, derived from the corresponding m,m′-isomer the spin density is delocalized over one half of the molecule and interaction is found with only one phosphorus atom. In this system the spin density in the outside ring exceeds that in the biphenyl ring. The localization of the odd electron on one half of the molecule must be caused by a strong Jahn-Teller effect.

The assignment of the hyperfine coupling constants was based on spin density calculations according to the Unrestricted Hartree-Fock (UHF) method. From these calculations we also obtained an indication of the geometry of the radicals.

The synthesis of these compounds is reported.


The radioprotective action of glycerol was studied on haploid, diploid, and tetraploid yeast cells (Sacch. cer.). The experimental results can be explained on the basis of a physical adsorption process a suggested by WEBB.


The trade-off between extinction ratio (ER), insertion loss (IL), and energy consumption (E) is a common bottleneck for existing integrated optical modulators. In this work, we report an indium tin oxide (ITO) based hybrid-plasmonic modulator, consisting of a Si/ITO/HfO2/Al/HfO2/ITO/Si stack, that can alleviate such trade- off in device metrics. This is achieved by first use field symmetry matching technique to engineer the waveguide to support long-range propagation. Then, by electrostatically inducing the ITO layers to enter an epsilon-near-zero state, strong carrier absorption as well as disturbance to the field symmetry will render the otherwise low-loss waveguide highly absorptive. Using this strategy, amplitude modulation with ER = 4.83 dB/μm, IL = 0.03 dB/μm, and E = 14.8 fJ is achieved. Moreover, with a triode-like biasing scheme, the modulator attributes can be further manipulated and the same device can be dynamically reconfigured for phase and 4-quadrature-amplitude modulation, with actively device length of only 5.53 μm and 17.78 μm respectively.


A star-shaped polymer,MPEG-CD-PNIPAMx,which possesses the lower critical solution temperature(LCST),was designed and synthesised.MPEG-CD-PNIPAMx was composed of a β-cyclodextrin(β-CD) moiety as the core,one methoxypolyethylene glycol(MPEG) chain and 2—4 poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM) chains as double hydrophilic arms.The structure of MPEG-CD-PNIPAMx was characterized by 1H NMR,13C NMR and the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution were measured by size exclusion chromatography/multi-angle laser light scattering(SEC/MALLS) technology.The number of PNIPAM arm was determined by integrating the peaks of 1H NMR spectrum.When the temperature of the aqueous solution of MPEG-CD-PNIPAMx raises over the LCST(37 ℃),the star shaped molecule becomes amphiphilic,and then self-assemble into micelles with PNIPAM as the core layer,β-CD and MPEG as the shell layer.The fluorescence spectroscopy of MPEG-CD-PNIPAMx and its micelles in pyrene aqueous solution reveal that the micells can include hydrophobic guest molecule at two sites: the cavity of β-CD and the hydrophobic core of the micelle.


We give an account of 13 species of trematode, cestode, and nematode parasites collected from various hosts in different geographical locations mostly in North America. Each species account is annotated and morphologically presented using light microscopy showing characteristic diagnostic features. None of these accounts has been previously published. All geographical records and many host associations are new. This treatment includes the digeneans Brachylaima fuscatum (Rudolphi, 1819), and Echinostomum coalitum Barker and Beaver 1915, the cestodes Anonchotaenia quiscali Rausch & Morgan, 1947), Choanotaenia musculosa (Fuhrmann, 1896), Isoglaridacris calentinei Mackiewicz, 1974, Isoglaridacris chetekensis Williams, 1977, Isoglaridacris folius Fredrickson and Ulmer, 1965, Isoglaridacris longus, Fredrickson and Ulmer, 1965, Nybelinia Poche, 1926, and the nematodes Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809) Dujardin, 1845 type I, Camallanus ancylodirus Ward and Magath, 1916, Rhabdochona cascadilla Wigdor, 1918, and Subulura Molin, 1860.


Access to the synthetically important tetrahydropyridine motif has been achieved by radical rearrangement of pyrrolines obtained from the Birch reduction of electron-deficient pyrroles.


We demonstrate the generation of dual-wavelength noiselike pulses in an Er3+ fiber laser. A ring cavity configu ration including a polarizer as saturable absorber induces a first series of pulses at the wavelength of 1550 nm via nonlinear polarization rotation. From the Raman gain of these pump pulses emerges a second series of Stokes pulses at 1650 nm. With an adequate control of the polarization states in the cavity, the Stokes pulses contain 67% of the total energy and reach a bandwidth of 84 nm in the U-band.


The development of lifestyle in this modern times make people have to behave according to the development of lifestyle. The development in the form of activity, the way to dress, the use of product, and especially in shaping the ideal body. There are many ways to shape the ideal body, one of the way is by doing fitness activities. Fitness is someone who conduct excessive activities without feeling weariness. Fitness facilities such as gymnastic activities, spa treatments, and sporting venues such as swimming pools, tennis courts, gymnastic fields. Those facilities are the fitness places (gym) that follow the development of lifestyle. Every fitness places (gym) has visitors with different behavior for each function. Therefore fitness places (gym) must accommodate every visitors' behavior. Behavioral architecture is an architecture that is able to respond the need of every behavior of human being. The application of behavioral architecture at each facility will be variant. But basically, every design has a concept that will become the basic design. The concept of flexibility of space in the design is a concept based on function and human behavior that is in it. Flexibility of space has meaning as easy to bent; not rigid; dynamic. So that a space with this concept is able to respond to some of the visitors' behavior with the flexibility and dynamism. Fitness Facility has Keywords: Behavior Architecture,Fitness Facility, Flexibility of Space, Behavior.


Today's popularity of the short messages services (SMS) has created a propitious environment for spamming to thrive. Spams are unsolicited advertising, adult-themed or inappropriate content, premium fraud, smishing and malware. They are a constant reminder of the need for an effective spam filter. However, SMS limitations of 160-charcaters and 140-bytes size as well as its being rippled with slangs, emoticons and abbreviations further inhibits effective training of models to aid accurate classification. The study proposes Genetic Algorithm Trained Bayesian Network solution that seeks to normalize noisy feats, expand text via use of lexicographic and semantic dictionaries that uses word sense disambiguation technique to train the underlying learning heuristics. And in turn, effectively help to classify SMS in spam and legitimate classes. Hybrid model comprises of text preprocessing, feature selection as well as training and classification section. Study uses a hybrid Genetic Algorithm trained Bayesian model for which the GA is used for feature selection; while, the Bayesian algorithm is used as classifier.


Living on the edge growing up maturing and dying divine intoxication victims and matyrs hoping and coping women striking back icons alternate intimations.


Introduction: Tissue engineered intervertebral disc could offer an alternative treatment for intervertebral disc degeneration. Different methods have been reported: nucleus pulposus tissue engineering using cell transplantation or hydrogels scaffolds [1,2,3]. An entire composite intervertebral disc was created by seeding annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus cells on a hybrid scaffold [4] It is important from clinical prospective to analyze the integrative process of newly engineered disc with the vertebral column and in particular with vertebral body endplate as a recipient area for disc transplantation. The goal of this study was to characterize the integration of a composite tissue engineered intervertebral disc to native endplate.


Civil Aviation Organization of Iran, Iran Abstract In the present paper, a Seasonal Multiplicative Binomial Dynamic Linear Model was developed and fitted to a series of observations distributed according to binomial, and more generally multinomial, probabilistic law. Two binomial time series were employed to evaluate the predictive performance of the proposed model and its sensitivity to different datasets including a simulated full seasonal time series and actual patterns.


This paper presents a low-phase-error wideband fractional-N frequency synthesizer. Differential tuning is described and a level shift circuit is proposed to obtain symmetrical tuning range. On-chip LDO regulator is designed to improve the power supply rejection for VCO. A voltage monitor is used to enhance the digital AFC technique to overcome the temperature variation. The synthesizer was implemented in a 0.18-µm CMOS process with a 16-mA supply current and a 1.47-mm2 die area. The measured in-band phase noise is less than −97 dBc/Hz at a 10-kHz frequency offset and the integrated phase error is less than 0.75°RMS. The measured reference spur is less than −71 dBc and the locking time is smaller than 20 μs.


SU-8 photoresist has been applied to three-dimensional (3D) patterning of photonics, micro/nanoelectromechanical systems and microfluidics. SU-8 photoresist can be patterned by absorption of ultraviolet radiation using a photomask; however, diffraction effects in the bulk resist and the use of a 2D mask limits complex 3D structure design. Direct laser writing (DLW) using multiphoton absorption can produce complex, sub-diffraction limited structures in the resist, but controlling DLW in SU-8 is complicated by many competing processes. Using 100 fs pulses at 1.7 μm, we reliably develop SU-8 photoresist via femtosecond optical curing on glass substrate and avoid competition from two, three, and four photon absorption processes. We verify optical curing of the resist by developing the resist without a post-bake.