Supporting savings mobilization is fundamental to building inclusive financial systems. Many microfinance funders have long recognized the importance of savings services for poor people. However, a majority of funders still focus on scaling up access to credit, rather than savings. There are three main reasons for this. First, historically, credit has been regarded as having the most direct link to increasing incomes. Second, incentives in many funding agencies are skewed toward disbursing large amounts of funding. Third, supporting savings mobilization requires special care because the hard-earned and scarce resources of poor people are at risk if something goes wrong. Despite these perceptions, however, there is renewed interest among funders in supporting savings services. This resource guide is intended to gather in one source the issues funders need to consider when focusing on the expansion of voluntary savings mobilization. This guide is meant to be a reference document for staff of donors and investors who design, implement, and monitor programs and investments to improve poor people's access to savings services.


Across a given genus, lizards often exhibit a narrow range of foraging strategies. However, in geckos foraging mode can be quite variable, changing significantly from species to species despite genus homogeneity. Nocturnal geckos often exhibit more of a mixed foraging mode with both sit-and-wait and widely foraging characteristics, while most literature to-date suggest that diurnal geckos rely primarily on sit-and-wait behaviour. This study examined the foraging behaviour of an invasive diurnal gecko, Phelsuma laticauda, at two sites on the island of Mo'orea, French Polynesia. Initial surveys were completed at each site to measure and mark individuals before a behavioural study was completed to record movement data. Findings confirm that P. laticauda is a sit-andwait predator, although at certain times of day it exhibits widely foraging characteristics. Additionally, this study identified environmental and morphological factors that influence level of diurnal gecko foraging activity. Key behavioural findings include: as the day progressed, geckos remained stationary for longer periods of time; higher temperatures correlated to higher levels of activity; and geckos were found facing down the majority of the time (a posture that prepares them for hunting). In addition to these environmental factors, tail regeneration was also seen to affect the activity of individuals, particularly in males. Overall, findings suggest that P. laticauda could have significant impacts on colonized ecosystems. This could potentially affect native lizards and arthropods, and possible disease introduction could affect even more organisms.


Currently, China is in an important period of social transformation, so it is significant to select a proper, reasonable and timely approach and steps of reform in constitutionalism. The author claims that the starting point for the constitutional reform is the solicitude for civic life, with the purpose of solving the social crisis and popular social issues. The reform must begin with effectuating slight adjustment of the constitutional government within the system, remedying the gaps and omissions in legislation and institution and improving relevant management and operational mode so as to realize the prospective benefits of the current design of democracy. It is necessary to implement "non-administration" and professional characteristics of the people's representatives, ameliorate election system and strengthen the status and functions of the people's congress, and enhance the accountability of the exercising subjects of the Constitution and the social supervision of the Constitution's enforcement simultaneously.


U-Pb isotopic data for 5 measured fractions of zircon from a homophonous granitoid-looking plagioclase-quartz-biotite diatexite in the GOry Sowie domain of SW Poland scatter about a projection of the chord (LI 369 ′ 15 Ma; UI 1750 ′ 270 Ma) for a gneiss elsewhere in the domain and their distribution is consistent with an age of metamorphism-migmatization generally corresponding to c. 380 Ma concordant U-Pb monazite ages from the diatexite. A 0.65-1.2 Ga range of 2 0 7 Pb/ 2 0 6 Pb apparent ages is interpreted as the result of the presence of varying proportions of a hybrid population of Precambrian xenocrystic zircon in the different fractions and as supporting the derivation of the migmatite from a sedimentary protolith. The mid-Devonian episode of tectonothermal (and igneous) activity has coeval counterparts in some Czech and German domains of the Bohemian Massif and is significant in evolution of the Hercynian orogen. Arguments are presented against previous interpretations of the metamorphism-migmatization having taken place in Ordovician times.


What is one value that grounds you in your civic engagement work? How are you walking the talk of that value in your assessment work? Or, how might you? And, what both helps and gets in the way of your doing that? These questions were recently posed to service-learning and community engagement (SLCE) faculty and staff gathered for an assessment institute. Answering the first was easy. Collaboration. Reciprocity. Vulnerability. Intentionality. Humility. And on and on. But the second question was, at first, a dead weight in the room. Finally, one participant stood and spoke candidly: I care about risk-taking. I am always encouraging my students to take risks and embrace the vulnerability that comes along with that. We have to be vulnerable in order to grow. But when I think about my assessment work, vulnerability is the last thing I want. I am not taking risks in that part of my work; I am looking for answers, usually in ways that keep everyone happy. That's not what I want my students to do, and I realty have to look at that. We believe the SLCE movement as a whole also "really has to look at this": at the role SLCE values play in SLCE assessment practices. Zlotkowski's 1995 essay on the future of SLCE called the movement to focus on achieving academic legitimacy. Since that time, academic legitimacy has become inextricably linked with academic assessment, which now, 20 years later, we need to critically examine and creatively reimagine. We are concerned that the ongoing quest for legitimacy, coupled with uncertainties about funding, often leads SLCE practitioner-scholars to a disempowered and inauthentic relationship with assessment --one in which we find ourselves conforming to the practices of the world around us rather than holding to the values that drew many of us to SLCE. We see this potential tension between our values and our assessment practices as a microcosm of the broader struggles SLCE as counter-normative work faces. It is challenging to live out commitments to democratic engagement in an academic culture and a society often characterized by technocratic tendencies to privilege academic expertise over broad community participation in knowledge creation (Saltmarsh, Hartley, & Clayton, 2009) and by neoliberal (market-driven) imperatives to frame SLCE merely in terms of charity, public relations, or revenue generation (Brackmann, 2015). Assessment is always undergirded by values, but which values and who determines them? And do we default to them, let ourselves be pressured into alignment with them, or deliberately choose them? Our vision for SLCE is to "walk the talk" of democratic engagement (Clayton et al., 2014; Saltmarsh, Hartley, & Clayton, 2009). Democratic engagement focuses on relationships as much as results and on effectiveness as much as efficiency. It sees all participants in SLCE as co-inquirers and co-creators. It calls for transformative learning and change--in higher education, in communities, and in ourselves. How might we better walk the talk of the values of such engagement in our assessment work, navigating constraints while empowering all stakeholders through critical reflection on values? Realizing this vision, we believe, requires that we go beyond assessing community and campus outcomes by counting participants, hours, or dollars or by reporting levels of satisfaction; it invites us to inquire into qualities of relationships, the transformation of systems, and the empowerment of all partners over time. As we see it, democratic engagement invites us to reimagine assessment. It is our conviction that the assessment work of SLCE practitioner-scholars can embody and nurture a set of relationships, practices, and modes of inquiry that is potentially transformative of technocratic and neoliberal tendencies in our institutions. To fulfill this potential, we call for what we have begun referring to as "values-engaged assessment" --by which we mean assessment that is explicitly grounded in, informed by, and in dialogue with the (contested) values of SLCE understood and enacted as democratic civic engagement. …


The article introduces simple regulations of structural synthesis method adapted for single-phase alternating current rectifiers. The method potentials are illustrated in the context of half-wave, full-wave and zonal-phased circuits as well as a directed search of further circuit design improvement is implemented.


This paper deals with a wavelet based method is used for detecting an Myocardial Infarction (MI) along with user identity. The multilayer Electrocardiogram signals is decomposed using Daubechies wavelet transform which segments the ECG into different sub bands. The inversion of the ST segment, QRS complex and PQ changes normally occur in a abnormal signal. It considerably varies the structure of multiscale matrices at different values with both energy and Eigen space values are observed. From that the mean and variance values are measured. Datasets, include both healthy control signal and various abnormal signals are used from the PhysikalischTechnischeBundesanstal(PTB)diagnosticn ECG database. SVM classifier is mainly used to classify the normal and abnormal cases in the signal. RR interval is used to authenticate the ECG signal. For MI detection the 90.42% accuracy is achieved for 15 ECG samples.


Objective:To investigate the related factors of acute renal impairment(ARI)induced by adverse drug reactions(ADRs)and its therapy.Methods:56 cases of ARI induced by ADRs were analysed and evaluated.Results:Of the 56 cases,31(55.36%)occurred in male subjects and 25(44.64%)in female subjects.Average ages of the subjects involved were 53.1 yearn old.Among the 12 drugs,the incidence of ADRs of antibiotic was the highest;the next was prepared Chinese medicine.The incidence of most ADRs was related to intravenous injections. Conclusion:Proper application and early intervention of medication will play key roles in the prevention of acute renal impairment.


In the study of Hilb(P|) any knowledge of concrete structure of ideals denning the minimal cone of a curve in P| would benefit one greatly. Here 'curve' means an equidimensional complete scheme over a field k of dimension one. Let IdR: = k[x^ xZy x^ x^\ be the ideal defining the minimal cone of a curve XcPjJ. Then we know that dim R/I — 2 and depth-mR/F^l. The present paper is aimed at giving a way to describe all homogeneous ideals with this property. We show in Section 3 that any such ideal, with a free resolution for it, is determined by a matrix of special type which satisfies seemingly a simple relation (See Proposition 3. 1, Corollary 3. 5 and Theorem 3. 7). We discuss briefly the easiest case in Section 4 to illustrate how the results of Section 3 work. In order to provide necessary techniques for obtaining our main results, we describe in Section 2 a general method to compute a free resolution for any ideal in &[[.TI, ••• ,^n]]The free resolutions indicated there start from the generalised Weierstrass preparation theorem due to H. Grauert and H. Hironaka. The author borrowed this setting from [8].


Educational originality is an important proposition to educational research, and it is also the measure of value and direction to educational innovation. "Education originality " is one concept of multiple visions: a new quality, a being of priori criticism, a being of logic rupture,, one being of history, one being of practice choice and a being of speech-statement. In the contemporary context, the standard and value with original education theory as its achievement must come from the firsthand materials, must meet country's needs , and must promote the development of discipline .


The aims of our studies in the field of pathology and the procedures employed have been strongly influenced by our concept of biology." In our view, psychologic phenomena are an integral part of the manifestations of life. Thus any investigation of these manifestations must be conducted with attention both to material processes, which are dealt with in physical biology, and to the. phenomena of consciousness, with which psychology is concerned. Chemical studies, particularly those on macromolecules," indicate that the transformations a molecule may undergo do not depend solely on the atoms which compose it and the total energy it contains, but also on the configuration of the molecule and details of its structure. From such observations it may be concluded that the material processes of life are the sum of changes not only in substance and energy but also in structure. The changes in substance and energy are the subject matter af physiology, and alterations in structure are in the province of morphology. Every material process of life has a morphologic aspect which consists of some alteration of a given external configuration and internal structure. Such alterations may be of two kinds: .short, usually reversible, functional, or metabolic, and prolonged "phenogenetic"* ones. Among the latter we distinguish irreversible "transformations" from reversible transient "interformations." If the structures and their alterations are visible to the naked eye or to the microscope, they are in the realm of


Recent advances in wireless networking and big data technologies, such as 5G networks, medical big data analytics, and the Internet of Things, along with recent developments in wearable computing and artificial intelligence, are enabling the development and implementation of innovative diabetes monitoring systems and applications. Due to the life-long and systematic harm suffered by diabetes patients, it is critical to design effective methods for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. Based on our comprehensive investigation, this article classifies those methods into Diabetes 1.0 and Diabetes 2.0, which exhibit deficiencies in terms of networking and intelligence. Thus, our goal is to design a sustainable, cost-effective, and intelligent diabetes diagnosis solution with personalized treatment. In this article, we first propose the 5G-Smart Diabetes system, which combines the state-of-the-art technologies such as wearable 2.0, machine learning, and big data to generate comprehensive sensing and analysis for patients suffering from diabetes. Then we present the data sharing mechanism and personalized data analysis model for 5G-Smart Diabetes. Finally, we build a 5G-Smart Diabetes testbed that includes smart clothing, smartphone, and big data clouds. The experimental results show that our system can effectively provide personalized diagnosis and treatment suggestions to patients.


It is on this Old Testament basis that this communication is being written to bring to the medical profession a subject which is fundamental in our dealings with human beings. This is perhaps the first published report detailing a procedure in which a local medical society has taken a lead in the community to institute a preventive education program. In 1963 a committee was appointed by the Academy of Medicine of Cleveland to investigate the necessity of teaching health and family life in the schools of greater Cleveland. The committee was formed primarily because we are seeing in our practice of pediatrics an increased number of cases of emotional problems manifested by psychosomatic complaints, in contrast to our experience of observing organic illnesses. We are seeing children who complain of abdominal pain, headaches, enuresis, or encopresis; children who become obese; children who develop school phobias or become underachievers even though


In academia research regarding the intersection saturation headway, there are various and sometimes seemingly conflicting findings in terms of how the discharge headway or saturation flow rate changes as green time elapses. Some research found the discharge headways remained constant; some found the discharge headways had a compression trend. Others found the discharge headways got longer after a certain point of time as the discharge continued. This paper introduces an optimal discharge speed concept to explain the different trends found in saturation headway research. For a queue of traffic to discharge from an intersection, if the discharge speed quickly reached the maximum discharge speed which was at or below the optimal discharge speed, the discharge headways would remain constant; if the discharge speeds continued to increase but never exceeded the optimal speed in the whole discharge process, the headway would show a compression trend; if the discharge speeds at a certain point exceeded the optimal discharge speed, the headway would show an elongation trend. The queue discharge characteristics at one signalized intersection located in Toledo, Ohio were studied. The discharge headways of through lane traffic demonstrated an elongation trend. The optimal discharge speed that was associated with the lowest average headway was 27 mph.


For this study we examined collaborative assessment in counseling 820 German students who were going abroad and who were exposed to the Test to Measure Intercultural Competence (TMIC). A randomized pretest–posttest control group design was used. The control group did not get any test feedback. The remaining groups received written feedback or written plus oral collaborative test feedback. Repeated measures linear mixed effects modeling showed that collaborative test feedback positively influenced students' self-appraisal of their intercultural competence (TMIC-SA); their values on three stages of change; as well as their self-understanding, self-confidence, and perceived benefit from test participation. It is concluded that collaborative assessment and feedback can enhance self-appraised intercultural competence, thereby showing its potential in intercultural training.


High altitude color infrared (CIR) photography was interpreted to provide an 1:24,000 overlay to U.S.G.S. topographic maps. The inventory and analysis of rangeland resources was augmented by the digital analysis of LANDSAT MSS data. Available geology, soils, and precipitation maps were used to sort out areas of confusion on the CIR photography. The map overlay from photo interpretation was also prepared with reference to print maps developed from LANDSAT MSS data. The resulting map overlay has a high degree of interpretive and spatial accuracy. An unacceptable level of confusion between the several sagebrush types in the MSS mapping was largely corrected by introducing ancillary data. Boundaries from geology, soils, and precipitation maps, as well as field observations, were digitized and pixel classes were adjusted according to the location of pixels with particular spectral signatures with respect to such boundaries. The resulting map, with six major cover classes, has an overall accuracy of 89%. Overall accuracy was 74% when these six classes were expanded to 20 classes.


Introduction: The habenula (Hb) is postulated to play a critical role in reward and aversion processing across species, including humans, and has been increasingly implicated in depression. However, technical constraints have limited in vivo investigation of the human Hb, and its function remains poorly characterized. We sought to overcome these challenges by examining the whole‐brain resting‐state functional connectivity of the Hb and its possible relationship to depressive symptomatology using the high‐resolution WU‐Minn Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset. Methods: Anatomical and resting‐state functional MRI data from 50 healthy subjects with low or high subclinical depression scores (n = 25 each) were analyzed. Using novel semi‐automated segmentation and optimization techniques, we generated individual‐specific Hb seeds and calculated whole‐brain functional connectivity for the entire cohort and the contrast of high vs. low depression groups. Results: In the entire cohort, the Hb exhibited significant connectivity with key brainstem structures (i.e., ventral tegmental area, substantia nigra, pons) as well as the anterior and posterior cingulate cortices, precuneus, thalamus, and sensorimotor cortex. Multiple regions showed differential Hb connectivity based on subclinical depression scores, including the amygdala, insula, and prefrontal, mid‐cingulate, and entorhinal cortices. Conclusions: Hb connectivity findings converged on areas associated with salience processing, sensorimotor systems, and the default mode network. We also detected substantial Hb‐brainstem connectivity, consistent with prior histological and animal research. High and low subclinical depression groups exhibited differences in Hb connectivity with multiple regions previously linked to depression, suggesting the relationship between these structures as a potential target for future research and treatment. Hum Brain Mapp 37:2369–2384, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Jones, Peter M., and Shanta J. Persaud. Ca21-induced loss of Ca21/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activity in pancreatic b-cells. Am. J. Physiol. 274 (Endocrinol. Metab. 37): E708–E715, 1998.—Elevations in intracellular Ca21 in electrically permeabilized islets of Langerhans produced rapid insulin secretory responses from b-cells, but the Ca21induced secretion was not maintained and was irrespective of the pattern of administration of elevated Ca21. Ca21insensitive b-cells responded normally to activators of protein kinase C or cAMP-dependent kinase with increased insulin secretion. The loss of secretory responsiveness to Ca21 was paralleled by a reduction in Ca21-induced protein phosphorylation. This was caused by a reduction in Ca21/calmodulindependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) activity in the desensitized cells, as assessed by measuring the phosphorylation of a CaMK II-specific exogenous substrate, autocamtide-2. The Ca21-induced reductions in kinase activity and protein phosphorylation were not dependent on the activation of Ca21dependent protein kinases and were not caused by the activation of phosphoprotein phosphatases or of Ca21activated proteases. The concomitant reductions in CaMK II activity and Ca21-induced insulin secretion suggest that the activation of CaMK II is required for normal insulin secretory responses to increased intracellular Ca21 concentrations.


Today, many products are of high reliability. It takes a long time before its failure. Accelerated degradation testing (ADT) is a common way to assess the reliability of such products. However, sufficient samples are required in constant-stress ADT for lifetime inference. It is difficult to perform the usual constant-stress ADT under the constrain of really limiting samples, like some very expensive products. In this circumstance, usually only a few test samples are available. The step-stress accelerated degradation testing (SSADT) can be used to overcome this difficulty. Due to the differences between samples, the degradation levels of different products may have random initial values. This will bring additional uncertainty for the lifetime inference of the product. Wiener process is adopted in this study to model the step-stress degradation data, considering the inconsistency of the initial degradation performance of the product. The method of parameter inference under this model is given. The effectiveness of the method is verified on specific data.


Technology of digital mockup is introduced and the application background and practical requirement of tunnel boring machine has been discussed in this paper. One type of EPB tunnel boring machine's virtual prototype has been built. Software PROE is used to build the tunnel boring machine model. Application program of virtual assembly system base on virtual reality is developed by using division. The author also study on key technologies of constructing virtual assembly system of tunnel boring machine, such as interference detection in virtual environment. The result shows that the work station can be simulated well, and this virtual simulation system can be extended in virtual training and manipulation, virtual construction and so on. And finite element analysis of some critical components is operated. Structure strength checking which can provide support for the optimal design of segment erector has been made.


Through analyzing the spatial autocorrelationabout Chinese fifty years'(from 1950 to 1999) annual and seasonal temperature data,we found that Chinese temperature distribution obviously showed the phenomenon of spatial cluster. The Local Moran I index indicated that there two low-temperature cluster regions and one high-temperature cluster region in China.They were named Northeast low-temperature cluster region,Qinghai-Xizang Plateau low-temperature cluster region and Eastern coastwise high-temperature cluster region,respectively.Other area were called Transition regions.Besides,it formed a high-temperature cluster region in Tarim Basin in Spring and Summer.At the end,we analyzed the factors that influenced temperature spatial distribution.We expected that this research would be able to provide a beneficial reference to the climate regionalization.


A new approach to synthesize N-alkylation of azoles by iron(III)-catalyst under solvent-free conditions was developed. The method is broad in scope and highly efficient.


The objectives of this study were to describe how linguistic landscape look like in a multi-ethnic city, in Medan. In addition to this, this study was also aimed at finding the underlying reason why the linguistic landscape was used as the way it was. This study used descriptive qualitative method and used the culinary business nameplates in Medan as the subject of the study. The data was the phrases used in those nameplates which were presented in Bahasa Indonesia, English, and Local language. This study revealed that most of the culinary business nameplates in Medan used Bahasa Indonesia as their business brand. It might be aimed at reaching many prospective consumers from various ethnics in Medan.


Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is readily transmitted from seropositive solid organ donors to CMV seronegative recipients (CMV-mismatch) despite the use of antiviral prophylaxis and can cause highly morbid and even fatal illness. Type 1 diabetic patients are known to have reduced odds of CMV seropositivity when compared with potential donors. Therefore, the proportion of transplant recipient who has CMV-mismatch in islet cases is significantly higher than that in solid organ transplant (SOT). Our previous study has shown that there is a lower rate of CMV transmission in islet transplant recipients. It is unclear if the recent modification of islet transplant induction protocol has an impact on the rate of transmission. Methods: Our study was an observational retrospective study comparing the rate of transmission of CMV, in CMV mis-matched islet transplant recipients (n = 45) to a control group of CMV mismatched SOT recipients (n = 27) corresponding to the same donor at the University of Alberta Hospital from March 1999 to May 2014. Results: CMV mismatched islet transplant recipients were less likely to have CMV transmission (8.9%) than CMV mismatched SOT recipients (78%) despite receiving tissues from the same donors. CMV transmission rates in islet transplant had increased due to the recent modification of induction protocol. Conclusions: Low number of contaminating leukocytes due to stringent retrieval and purification process of islet, the success of immunosuppression protocols in maintaining low rejection rate along with low cytokine response which might promote CMV reactivation and the lack of surgical procedure which might lead to pro-inflammatory state that reactivates CMV in recipients are the postulated reasons for the lower transmission rate in islet transplant cases. The recent intensification of islet transplant induction protocol which renders islet recipients more immunosuppressed than before might have contributed to the higher rate of CMV transmission in this current cohort than the one from our previous study.


According to characteristics of the cluster tools,a problem domain of the scheduling was supposed and defined,and a scheduling algorithm of dual-arm muti-cluster tools with residence constraints was presented as well.A decomposition method is utilized to this algorithm to break multi-cluster tools into several independent single-cluster ones,meanwhile,a free-conflict constraint scheduling algorithm is presented with an objective of minimizing the fundamental period of the current wafers.Simulated experiments were designed to evaluate the proposed algorithm.The results indicate that the proposed algorithm is valid to schedule the wafers on the multi-cluster tools.


Modern LTE (Long Term Evolution) cellular networks provide advanced services for billions of users that go beyond traditional voice and short messaging traffic. The recent trend of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks impacting the availability of communication systems illustrate the importance of strengthening the resiliency of mobility networks against Denial of Service (DoS) and DDoS threats, ensuring this way full LTE network availability against security attacks. In parallel, the advent of the Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) has capsized the common assumptions about attackers and threats. When it comes to very well planned and funded cyber-attacks, the scale of the threat is not the key element anymore. Instead, scenarios such as a local DoS attack, for example, against the cell service around a large corporation's headquarters or the Stock Exchange become very relevant. Therefore, traditionally overlooked low range threats, such as radio jamming, should not be de-prioritized in security studies. In this paper we present an overview of the current threat landscape against the availability of LTE mobility networks. We identify a set of areas of focus that should be considered in mobility security in order to guarantee availability against security attacks. Finally, we introduce potential research directions, including a new attack detection layer, to tackle these problems. The final goal is to rethink the architecture of a mobility network within the current security context and threat landscape and considering the current evolution towards a near future scenario where nearly every electronic device will be connected through Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems.


Optimal monetary policy for an economy with seasonal fluctuations and a cash-in-advance requirement on the purchase of consumption goods is studied. It is shown that the short delay in the availability of newly acquired funds for consumption purchases (the hallmark of cash-in-advance models) typically makes the seasonal steady state inefficient. It is also shown that monetary policy can overcome this inefficiency by keeping the nominal interest rate constant over the seasons. An analytical model is also presented to explore the effects of seasonal smoothing of nominal interest rates on the seasonal amplitude of other closely related variables.


Design of an electric propulsion system for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) incorporates various disciplines such as: propeller's aerodynamic and structural properties, characteristics of the electric system, and characteristics of the vehicle itself. This makes the design of this propulsion system a Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) task. While the present propeller model is based on previous derivations that are described very briefly, new models of the electric motor and battery pack, which are based on examining existing products on the market, are described in more detail. The propeller model and a model of the electric system, together with various optimization schemes, are used to design optimal propulsion systems for a Mini UAV, for various goals and under various constraints. Important design trends are presented, discussed and explained. While the first part of the investigation is based on typical characteristics of the electric system, the second part includes a sensitivity study of the influence of variations of these characteristics on the optimal system design.


The red steenbras (Petrus rupestris) is endemic to the south and south-east coasts of South Africa and is the largest member of the family Sparidae. Morphometric relationships between length and mass are given for whole and eviscerated fish. The size distribution of P. rupestris is related to locality and water depth. Juveniles and sub-adults are common in shallow ( 50 m), especially off the coast between East London and Coffee Bay, throughout the year. P. rupestris were found to be rudimentary hermaphrodites. The development of the functional sexes, and the occurrence of sexual dichromatism, are described. Sexual maturity is attained at about 575 mm fork length in those fishes in the spawning areas. Reproductively ripe fishes were taken from Transkei, East London and a small collection was made from the Agulhas Bank. Peak spawning is between August and October. Current management regulations are discu...


Alzheimer's disease (AD), is the most common cause of dementia in adult life and is associated with the selective damage of brain regions and neural circuits critical for memory and cognition. However, the pathogenesis of this disease is complex and involves many molecular, cellular and physiological pathologies. Dental health problems in Alzheimer's patients can lead to pain, unmanageable behaviour and extensive dental treatment. The clinical features, pathophysiology, medical management, dental findings and management of Alzheimer's patients in dental office have been discussed in this review.


The β-lactamase community currently recognizes two major classification schemes based either on function or structure. Historically, these enzymes were separated according to biochemical activities, with classification based on hydrolysis of specific substrates and the sensitivity to selected inhibitors. After penicillin was used more frequently in post-World War II medicine, the incidence of penicillinase-producing Staphylococcus aureus increased in one British hospital from ≥8% in 1945 to almost 60% of clinical isolates in less than five years. Examples of apparent cause and effect relationships include the discovery of cephalosporin C and subsequent introduction of cephalosporin analogs, together with the introduction of broad-spectrum penicillins, such as ampicillin, leading to the identification of plasmid-encoded broad-spectrum penicillinases such as TEM-1. This ubiquitous β-lactamase among the Enterobacteriaceae, with the ability to hydrolyze not only many penicillins but also the early cephalosporins such as cephalothin, became the most prevalent plasmid-encoded enzyme in epidemiological surveys of the late 1970s and early 1980s. In the compilation shown, geographical areas reasonably close to each other sometimes exhibit different regional enzyme patterns. The level of β-lactam resistance produced by an enzyme is determined by a number of factors besides its intrinsic hydrolytic activity. β-Lactamases are ancient enzymes, widespread in the microbial world, that in recent years have coevolved with β-lactam antibiotics as aminopenicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycins, oxyimino-cephalosporins, monobactams, and carbapenems have been developed to target new pathogens or to overcome existing resistance.


In this paper the dynamic behavior of different wind turbine generator configurations including doubly fed induction generators (DFIG), squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG), wound rotor induction generator (WRIG), and permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) under ferroresonant conditions of energization and de-energization was investigated using Simulink/MATLAB (version 2017B, MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA). The result showed that SCIG had the highest overvoltage of 10.1 PU during energization, followed by WRIG and PMSG, while the least was DFIG. During de-energization, PMSG had the highest overvoltage of 9.58 PU while WRIG had the least. Characterization of the ferroresonance was done using a phase plane diagram to identify the harmfulness of the ferroresonance existing in the system. It was observed that for most of the wind turbine configurations, a chaotic mode of ferroresonance exists for both energization and de-energization scenarios. Although overvoltage during energization for wind turbine generator configurations was higher than in the de-energization with an exception of PMSG, their phase plane diagrams showed that de-energization scenarios were more chaotic than energization scenarios. The study showed that WRIG was the least susceptible to ferroresonance while PMSG was the most susceptible to ferroresonance.


The rapidly increasing information density in magnetic storage media during the last decades is an achievement of the successful down-scaling of bit structures into the submicrometer regime. However, limits are set to further miniaturization by thermal excitation of the spins, decreasing the stability of the magnetically stored information. The challenge for scientists is in achieving stable magnetization in nanostructures with respect to temperature and other external factors that may lead to erasure of magnetically stored information. In this respect, FePt alloys are extensively studied by industry and applied physics research groups due to their large magnetocrystalline anisotropy. In our experiments we concentrated on two-dimensional surface-supported alloy layers and found that these films achieve anisotropy energy values comparable to those of bulk L10 structures. We will show that the detailed analysis of the properties of alloy nanostructures can help to identify principles to design high-anisotropy materials.


The article examines the complex geopolitical situation of global instability forming at the end of the 2010s in relation to the aftermath of the Soviet Union's collapse and the formation of a new concept for the development of civilization. The dramatic repercussions of the "Parade of Sovereignties" are uncovered, as is the frailty of new integrated entities. The article describes the unpredictable nature of the global future and the stabilizing role of national governments in global politics. It poses the questions of who determines the new world order, whose image will it take, what will the new geopolitical realities be, the basis of humanity's moral solidarity, the "spiritual" basis for the future of civilization, and which models for the future of the world will be maintained and used as a guide for development. The author looks at the specifics of the transformation of Belorussian society and formulates several lessons on previous changes.


In this study, the effectiveness of Ce(III) ions adsorption in aqueous solution was investigated by modifying sodium alginate with magnetite nanoparticles. The magnetite nanoparticles were coated with sodium alginate (Alg-Fe3O4 nanoparticles), which was prepared by the co-precipitation method. The average size of the Alg-Fe3O4 nanoparticles was 13.70 nm. The optimum conditions for the adsorption process were found at pH 4, 4 hours of contact time and 0.15 g of adsorbent dosage in the batch condition. The adsorption process of Ce(III) ions followed the Langmuir isotherm. The kinetic data indicated that the intraparticle diffusion process was pseudo-second order with maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of 31.83 mg g . From this experiment, it can be concluded that Alg-Fe3O4 nanoparticles had good reusability shown by their adsorption-desorption ability using 0.01 M HNO3 as the desorption agent. doi: 10.2166/aqua.2018.086 om https://iwaponline.com/aqua/article-pdf/67/8/754/519011/jws0670754.pdf er 2019 Muhamad Allan Serunting (corresponding author) Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jalan Terusan Ryacudu, Way Hui, Jati Agung, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan, Lampung 35365, Indonesia E-mail: email@example.com Rusnadi Rusnadi Dian Ayu Setyorini Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Jalan Prof. Soedarto, S.H. Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia


Time integrated four wave mixing measurement of semiconductor microcavity polaritons was performed under a static electric field. Through comparison with results of a theoretical analysis based on modified optical Bloch equations, the experimental results were found to strongly suggest that the exciton-exciton interaction is significantly modified by the static electric field.


The invention discloses an automatic assembly device of an O-type sealing ring. The automatic assembly device comprises a ring loading and supporting module and a ring moving and releasing module. The ring loading and supporting module forms a feeding station and a ring supporting station, and when a loading device of the O-type sealing ring is located at the feeding station, the O-type sealing ring is delivered to the loading device of the O-type sealing ring by a feeding device of the O-type sealing ring. A loading needle-shaped air cylinder drives the loading device of the O-type sealing ring to move to the ring supporting station, the ring supporting motion is carried out on the O-type sealing ring by a ring supporting device, the O-type sealing ring is delivered to the ring moving and releasing module by the ring supporting device, the ring moving and releasing module enables the supported O-type sealing ring to be delivered to a ring releasing station from the ring supporting station, the ring moving and releasing module breaks away from the supported O-type sealing ring, the supported O-type sealing ring is sleeved at the position of a groove of a workpiece to be assembled, and automatic assembly between the workpiece and the O-type sealing ring is achieved. According to the automatic assembly device, assembly automation of the O-type sealing ring can be achieved, the qualified rate and the assembly efficiency of products are greatly improved, the labor strength is relieved, and the production cost is reduced. The invention further discloses an automatic assembly method of the O-type sealing ring.


The eddy covariance technique (EC) is available to monitor heat, water, and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes over various land covers. The uncertainty information as important as the flux data is necessitated in the studies on sites comparison, model estimation, and model-data synthesis to understand the interactions between the biosphere and the atmosphere, and the biogeochemical cycle in terrestrial ecosystem. While the uncertainty is served by calculating the variance of covariance with the time series of EC measurement (Finkelstein and Sims, 2001), those knowledge has been insufficient to understand the characteristics (Kim et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2009). Therefore, the fractional uncertainty (φ: = δ |F | ; δ: square root of variance; F : flux) by EC measurements is investigated with those frequency distribution, spatiotemporal variations, and variations according to the averaging window size of the time series.


A fast mutual exclusion algorithm where only five accesses to the shared memory are needed in order to enter a critical section in the absence of contention is presented. In the presence of contention, the winning process may need to delay itself for 3* Delta time units, where Delta is an upper bound on the time taken by the slowest process to execute a statement involving an access to the shared memory. It is also proven that there is not two (or more) process mutual exclusion algorithm with an upper bound on the number of times a winning process needs to access the shared memory in order to enter its critical section in the presence of contention. However, under the assumption that busy-waiting counts as just one step, the authors present, for every fixed parameter k, an algorithm with the property that from a state where no process tries to enter its critical section, as long as the number of contenders does not exceed k, the time complexity of the winning process is a linear function of k. Finally, the ideas from the mutual exclusion algorithm are used to implement a fast and simple consensus algorithm.<<ETX>>


OBJECTIVE To establish an HPLC method for determining chlorogenic acid in Ganmao Kesou granules.METHODS The determination was carried out with Alltech-C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) with methanol-water-acetic acid-triethylamine(15:85:1:0.3) as the mobile phase;the detective wavelength was set at 326 nm.RESULTS The calibration curve was linear over the range of 0.0728-0.7280 μg(r=0.9999).The average recovery of the method was 97.8%(RSD=2.2%,n=5).CONCLUSION This method is simple,accurate and reproducible.


Stereo vision, which reconstructs 3-D information from images obtained by two cameras, is one of the topics most actively addressed in the field of computer vision. While the stereo vision problem can be formulated and solved as an energy minimization problem such as a graph cut, the embedded implementation for real-time systems is difficult due to high computational intensity. This paper proposes a novel parallel-processing-friendly graph cut algorithm and its FPGA implementation for accelerating stereo vision, in which object surfaces are estimated by solving a min-cut problem of a 3-D grid graph. In the proposed algorithm, node-wise parallelism is actively extracted by introducing a concept of wave propagation. The implementation experiments reveal that a system for 12 x 12 x 7-node graphs can be implemented on a single FPGA and works at the clock frequency of 100 MHz. In this case, the system achieves 166 times speedup compared to CPU execution of a common software library of a graph cut.


INTRODUCTION
Reflection and self-assessment are critical skills for healthcare providers. Identification of gaps in knowledge, skills, and attitudes, along with the ability to critically think and problem solve to fill gaps, is the ultimate outcome for lifelong learning. The aims of this study were to: 1) refine an instrument used for measuring reflective ability, and conduct comprehensive reliability testing, and 2) describe a process for rater calibration.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Students develop e-portfolios over a four-year span with assignments that require reflection and self-assessment. The final piece of the portfolio includes a global reflection written the last semester of the program. Three faculty raters independently evaluated 106 dental students' global reflections using the revised grading rubric. An intraclass correlation coefficient measured the level of agreement between the three raters.

RESULTS
Analysis of the 318 faculty ratings (106/rater) resulted in an intraclass correlation of .708. Based on a 5-point grading scale (0 = does not respond to the assignment to 5 = reconstructing), the ratings of the 106 global reflections ranged from 1.3 to 5.0 (M=3.1, SD=0.66).

DISCUSSION
This study provides confidence in the reliability of a grading rubric designed to assess reflective ability, along with suggestions for calibration. An overall mean of 3.1 (Level 3 = relating - includes evidence of lessons learned) illustrates the complexity of teaching reflection and self-assessment.

CONCLUSION
Use of a reliable grading rubric for assessing reflective writing could assist Relschools interested in incorporating reflection and self- assessment into the curriculum, ultimately supporting lifelong and enhanced healthcare.


Investigations were carried out to understand the effect of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant and benzotriazole (BTA) as an inhibitor on the chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) of copper. Cu-CMP was studied using electrochemistry and removal rate measurements in solutions containing the oxidizer and the inhibitor. In the presence of 0.1 M glycine, the copper removal rate was high in the solution containing 5% H 2 O 2 at pH 2 because of a Cu-glycine complexation reaction. The dissolution rate of Cu increased due to the formation of the highly soluble Cu-glycine complex in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Addition of 0.01 M BTA in the solution containing 0.1 M glycine and 5% H 2 O 2 at pH 2 exhibited a reduction in the Cu removal rate by the formation of a Cu-BTA complex on the surface of copper that inhibits the dissolution. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary-ion mass spectroscopy investigations revealed the formation of a Cu-glycine complex, which aided the understanding of the mechanism of Cu-oxidant-inhibitor interaction during polishing.


The invention discloses a novel insecticide for tea planting. The insecticide is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight: 0.5 to 1.3 parts of cyhexatin, 1.5 to 2.3 parts of abamectin, 1.5 to 2.3 parts of lufenuron, 3.5 to 8 parts of isoamyl methyl methanol, 2.5 to 5 parts of laurinol, 2.2 to 3.5 parts of oleum menthae and 0.8 to 2.4 parts of dibenzyl diphenol polypropylene oxide polyoxyethylene ether. The novel insecticide has the advantages that the adopted raw materials are ingredients with strong sterilization and anti-bacterium effects, the raw material resources are wide, the price is low, the abamectin has the sterilization effect, the lufenuron also has the dual functions of sterilization and fertilization, and meanwhile, the immunity of plants can be regulated, so the pesticide provided by the invention has good effects on prevention and treatment of botrytis, in addition, the radical curing effect is good, the recurrence is avoided, the drug resistance is small, meanwhile, good prevention and treatment effects are realized on powdery mildew, carbon blasting diseases, bacterial wilt and black scab, a preparing method is simple, and the effect is good.


Objective: This paper makes analysis of problems of emergency equipment existing in clinical application and their causes and puts forward corresponding measure.Methods: Analysis of emergency medical equipment characteristic and the difference between conventional equipment. Find the first aid equipment management problems and reasons existing in the use, and risk assessment. Results: Hospital first aid equipment has the characteristics of more free time, emergency and risks, widely distributed in each department. By the personnel management, periodic inspection, cleaning and disinfection. Risk assessment shall be conducted by experts, the risk value high priority arrangement first aid equipment maintenance, to expect to minimize risk. Conclusion: First aid equipment management is a systematic and important work,to need department, maintenance personnel, equipment manufacturers and so on various aspects to cooperate with each other, to ensure the normal use of equipment.


This research focuses the relationship between Kuala Lumpur Stock Market Composite Index with four macroeconomic determinants, namely real interest rate, exchange rate, inflation rate and GDP from January 1988 to 2019 on a yearly basis. However, most of the studies are carried out in developed countries and large economic nations instead of in emerging markets such as Malaysia. Time series stationarity, cointegration and Granger causality tests and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) approach are used in this paper. The findings suggest that stock market composite index and exchange rate have a bidirectional Granger-causality. The changes of exchange rate have a significant effect on the changes of stock market as well as economy of Malaysia.


High Spatial Resolution Remote SensingRemote Sensing of EnvironmentGIS for Environmental ApplicationsRemote Sensing and GISRemote Sensing and GIS GPS Based Resource ManagementRemote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring, GIS Applications, and GeologyRemote Sensing & GIS ApplicationsReal Estate and GISScale in Remote Sensing and GISSpatial Uncertainty in EcologyGIS Applications in the Tourism and Hospitality IndustryAdvances in Remote Sensing and GIS AnalysisGIS Applications in AgricultureIntegrating Scale in Remote Sensing and GISRemote Sensing and GIS Technologies for Monitoring and Prediction of DisastersWorkshop, Remote Sensing and GIS Applications in Water Resources EngineeringGIS Applications for Water, Wastewater, and Stormwater SystemsImage Processing and GIS for Remote SensingGIS and the Social SciencesIntegration of GIS and Remote SensingGIS Applications in Agriculture, Volume FourRemote Sensing and GIS Applications in Mountainous AreasApplications of Remote SensingUsing Remote Sensing in State and Local GovernmentRemote Sensing and GIS for EcologistsIntegrating Remote Sensing and GIS Applications in Land Use/land Cover AnalysisBasic Concept of Remote Sensing, GPS, and GISSpatial Analysis, GIS and Remote SensingAdvanced Remote SensingImagery and GISEssential Image Processing and GIS for Remote SensingRemote Sensing for SustainabilitySustainabilityRemote Sensing and GIS Applications to Nonpoint Source PlanningLiDAR Remote Sensing and ApplicationsRemote Sensing Techniques and GIS Applications in Earth and Environmental StudiesRemote Sensing for GIS ManagersApplications of Remote Sensing/ GIS in Water Resources and Flooding Risk ManagementsReMOTE SeNsiNG and GIS ApplicationsSpecial Section: Advances in Remote Sensing and GIS Applications in Support of Fire Management


Objective: To study the anti-rotavirus activity of Weichang'an pill in vitro.Methods: The anti-rotavirus activity of Weichang'an pill was tested at the cellular level by the CPE and MTT methods;Serum containing Weichang'an pill of anti-rotavirus effects in different times and drug's metabolites were observed.Results: Weichang'an pill had the effect on prevention,treatment and directly inactivation of rotavirus.The maximum inhibition rates were 67.05%,67.02% and 71.24%,respectively(P0.05).Also,the inhibit ration of rotavirus increased with the raise of the concentration of drugs.45~65 min after drug was given,the concentration of drug in serum was the bighest,and the effect of anti-rotavirus was obvious.Conclusion: Weichang'an pill has the ability of anti-rotavirus effects in vitro.


This study determined whether there is any influence and how much influence the role of the school committee and school operational assistance programs on the quality of education. This research was conducted in SMP Negeri Rambang, Muara Enim. This type of research is quantitative research. While the method in this research uses the partial correlation method. The sample in this study were 45 educators and teaching staff at the school. The data collection technique in this study used a questionnaire. The results of this study showed that 1) there is a relationship between the role of the school committee and the school operational assistance program; 2) there is an influence between the role of the school committee on the quality of education; 3) there is an influence between the school operational assistance program on the implementation of education quality; and 4) there is a significant joint effect between the role of the school committee and the school operational assistance program on the quality of education.


In this paper we propose a mixed reality application for smart agriculture. More precisely, we develop an application that can monitor plant needs in terms of humidity and weather conditions. For this end, we connect an ESP32 card with humidity and soil moisture sensors. Sensor data are collected and sent to the cloud using Firebase platform. In the front-end side, sensor data are collected and visualized on an Oculus Quest 2 headset configured in Passthrough API mode. Based on the sensor data, a water pump is activated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first mixed reality application dedicated to smart irrigation. The benefits of this application are twofold. First, it can be used by the farmer in order to control and monitor the plant wellbeing in realtime and provide only the necessary quantity of water needed by the plant. Second, the proposed application can be used for training purposes where a simulated environment (e.g. serious game) could be added to our User Interface.


Little Sand Draw is an asymmetric anticlinal reservoir located on the southwest margin of the Big Horn basin. The field covers 479 acres and has 26 producing wells. Most of the field's production is from Ervay dolomites in the Upper Phosphoria Formation (Permian). The field produces high water-cut oil and has undergone rapid pressure decline throughout its production history. A geologic study was undertaken to determine pore geometry and the abundance of natural fractures. The Ervay dolomite, which has been cored in 14 wells, can be subdivided into six zones. From bottom to top, these are (1) basal phosphatic packstone and siliceous nodular mudstone, (2) phosphatic skeletal wackestone, (3) burrowed silicified mudstone, (4) coarse skeletal packstone, (5) peloid, ostracod packstone to grainstone, and (6) a thin (2-4 ft thick) capping anhydrite. This zonation is remarkably consistent throughout the field. Moldic and microintercrystalline porosity predominates in the reservoir. Moldic pores have significant hydrocarbon storage capacity but are not interconnected. Permeability of the microcrystalline dolomite matrix is low (< 10 md) and cannot account for observed fluid production rates. Open fractures are present in all cores and contribute significantly to reservoir drainage. Fracture intensity is controlled by lithology and structural position. Silicifiedmore » horizons are typically more highly fractured than other zones. Wells with the greatest fracture intensity are aligned along the steeply dipping west flank of the field. East-northeast fracture orientations identified on Schlumberger Formation Micro-Scanner logs agree with directional flow results from pressure interference tests.« less


Objective To study the mechanism of acupuncture for treatment of allergic neuritis. Methods Forty rats were divided into normal control group, model group, acupuncture group and medicine group. The acupuncture group were treated by acupuncture at "Jiaji L 4", "Zusanli" (ST 36), "Xuanzhong" (GB 39), and the medicine group by stomach perfusion of prednisone. Changes of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets were detected by flow cytometer. Results CD 8 + number decreased and CD 4 +/CD 8 + ratio increased significantly in the model group, and CD 8 + number increased significantly and CD 4 +/CD 8 + ratio approached to the normal in the acupuncture group. Conclusion Acupuncture can regulate effectively disturbance of T lymphocyte subsets.


Microelectronics system designers need to understand and evaluate the impact of advanced packaging parameters which have become an integral part of microelectronics systems. This paper evaluates the impact of bond pitch for a flipchip multichip system through a case study. The SUN MicroSparc CPU was used as a representative of a large design where the design has to be partitioned and interconnected using MCM technology. Early analysis techniques were used to analyze the design for various pitches ranging from 150 to 400 micron in 50 micron increments. Results suggest that various bond pitches affect the system cost/performance and there is a minimum pitch at which lowering the pitch will degrade the cost/performance metrics.


Third chapter of the English version of the book 'Energieke Arbeid' published by the Centre of Applied Labour Market Research and Innovation (durch abbreviation: KCA) to celebrate the 10th anniversary of applied labour market research at Hanze University of Applied Sciences. This chapter The this chapter discusses the second line of research of KCA: The Labour Market in the EnergyPort Groningen Region.


Climate change and its effects on the water resources therefore also, livelihood is a major global concern. Water scarcity is already a major problem for the world poor, and changes in rainfall and temperature associated with climate change will likely make this worse. This indicates that efficient and effective management of the available water becomes essential for overall development, improving livelihoods and maintaining food sufficiency. Watershed management carries number of activities managing water resource to address the ever increasing water resource problems. Therefore, watershed management could be one of the tools to cope with climate change managing scarce water resource. This paper describes some of the watershed activities dealing with water resource management. Key Words: Watershed management, Climate change, Run off, Degraded land rehabilitation DOI: 10.3126/init.v2i1.2526 The Initiation Vol.2(1) 2008 pp33


Leaching of fluorescent powder containing rare earths using 1N HCl solution at room temperature was conducted to extract the rare earths, followed by dry grinding of the powder using a planetary ball mill. The dry mechanochemical treatment of the powder causes the structural change of the crystals in the powder into a disordered system. This mechanochemical treatment leads to easy extraction of the rare earths. Only 3 minutes of grinding enables us to extract Y and Eu at above 70-80 % yield. More than 80 % of the other rare earths can be extracted from the powder ground for 2-hours. The mechanochemical treatment to the fluorescent powder before leaching would be an effective operation to be able to extract the rare earths at high yield in room temperature leaching even by low concentration HCl solution.


Chopped prepregs offer another material form for the composite engineers to consider. Some compelling reasons are performance parity, lower total costs, and easier transition from aluminum than continuous fiber composites. Structure Parts made from chopped unidirectional prepreg will yield similar performance to hand layup continuous fiber composites when knockdown effects are considered. Much of the performance gain for the chopped prepreg material form comes from its low sensitivity to traditional knock down effects. Since the chopped prepreg form has inherent flaws due to stress concentrations at the ends of the short fibers, additional property losses due to holes for attachments, moisture absorption, etc., are minimal. In addition, this chopped material form can be made into complex geometrical shapes that use geometrical stiffening to give it a competitive advantage. Cost – Parts made from chopped unidirectional prepreg can have an advantage over continuous fiber prepreg layups when it comes to labor content. For simple geometries it is much faster to create a random chopped fiber mat than it is to orient and vacuum bag a continuous fiber prepreg layup. In many applications the chopped prepreg form is made into a 3D part that would have required a bonded assembly operation with traditional continuous fiber composites. In order to obtain optimum chopped prepreg structural performance a preform is typically required for complex 3D shapes. The cost trade is two labor intensive continuous prepreg operations (layup/bagging and bonding), for two less demanding chopped prepreg operations (random mat fabrication and preforming). In addition, post processing requirements, such as edge trimming, drilling, insert installation, etc., can be molded to the final condition with chopped prepreg. Eliminating these operations further reduces the cost content of chopped prepreg molding compound as compared with the cost content of continuous fiber prepreg parts. Re-engineering Aluminum – the chopped prepreg form is much better suited to aluminum replacement with composites because of its 3-D molding capabilities. It is still important to engineer some design tradeoffs to achieve the best cost and performance capabilities with the chopped prepreg, but the changes are typically minor part modifications instead of a total redesign effort. This usually results in lowering the engineering costs associated with converting an aluminum part into a composite part driven by a cost or weight savings effort.


The study was carried out to analyse the costs and return of faro-44 rice farmers' beneficiaries of the fadama III additional finance II in Taraba State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select the 500 respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, percentages and tables) and inferential statistics (farm budget techniques or cost-benefit analysis). The findings showed that in wet cropping season, average labour cost of ploughing and harrowing was N23,600.23 (11.84%) with t-value of 7.1268 and significant at P≤0.01. In dry and wet cropping season, cost of land clearing was N32,500.33 (13.18%) and N17,500.00 (8.78%) with t-value of 3.4534 significant at P≤0.01. Cost of planting, harvesting, threshing, winnowing, bagging and were significant at P≤0.01 with their corresponding t-values of 3.5407; 5.9132; 4.4771; 3.5463 and 5.4935, respectively. In dry season, the respondents realized N1,569,780.00 as total revenue from 6,156 kg of paddy rice produced compared to N696,795.00 as total revenue in wet season. Similarly, sale of rice straws yielded total value of N108,800.00 in dry season compared to N29,200.00 in wet season. The respondents consumed 372 bags more rice in wet season valued at N61,380.00 compared to 164 bags in dry season valued at N41,820.00. The results further disclosed that dry season faro-44 rice farmers incurred total cost of N304,738.91 compared to wet season total cost of N225,840.33. Realizable revenue of N1,720,400.00 in dry season and N787,375.00 in wet season with net farm income of N1,415,661.09 and N561,534.67 in dry and wet seasons, respectively. With profit index of 5.74 and 2.82 in dry and wet seasons, respectively, the faro-44 rice farmers realized more profits in dry season as it is also glaring from the rate of returns on investment (RRI) of 4.65 (dry season) and 2.49 RRI in wet season. These results indicated that faro-44 rice farming is profitable in Taraba State meaning that for every N1 invested in faro-44 rice production, the farmers realized N4.65 and N2.49 in dry and wet seasons, respectively. The study concluded that faro-44 rice productivity is profitable in Taraba State; and that ploughing and harrowing was major on-farm rice activity carried out in wet season while land clearing was majorly an activity of dry season. It was recommended that faro-44 rice farmers in Taraba State should be given more cash-for-work supports; advisory services; supports for non-farm activities and capacity building on agribusiness, enterprise of farmers' choice, record keeping.


The Web 3.0 and Social Network Services (SNSs) is reaching quick in several analysis fields. A subsequent consequence is that criminals are running with technology and with extremely subtle methods. Pictures square measure typically concerned in unlawful activities, with it currently being basic to do to establish as much as info on a given image as doable. Large volume of multimedia contents is being transmitted through OSNs. These digital contents are properly processed and used. The key functions are to analyse OSN processes on pictures and characteristics changes happened to it, like JPEG quantization table, pixel resolution and metadata.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an expandable rubber composition for sealant used for seals such as a joint seal, a gasket, a weather strip of automobile, good in compressive permanent set and small in specific gravity, as well as capable of providing seals which color can be selected and the sealant consisting of the expandable rubber composition.SOLUTION: There is provided an expandable rubber composition for a sealant containing a foam agent, a filler and an ethylene-propylene-diene three dimensional copolymer (EPDM) as a rubber component and containing Silitin as the filler. The content of the Silitin is preferably 45 to 170 pts.wt. based on 100 pts.wt. of the rubber component.SELECTED DRAWING: None


High Power Proton Accelerator (HPPA) is being studied all over world for numerous applications, which includes the waste transmutation, spallation neutron source and material irradiation facilities. In China, a multi-purpose verification system as a first phase of our ADS program consists of a low energy accelerator (150MeV/3mA proton linac) and a swimming pool light water sub-critical reactor. In this paper the activities of HPPA technology related to ADS in China, which includes the intense proton ECR source, the RFQ accelerator and some other technology of HPPA, are described.


The scholarly practices which historians learn in graduate school become second nature to us, so that we forget that members of the general public (or for that matter, members of other scholarly disciplines) do not necessarily share our assumptions. We confront this most often when
 we teach students, as we struggle to convey to them the process of historical thinking. Accordingly I am most grateful to Leah Shopkow for providing students with a clear, concise account of how historians parse primary sources.


The global experiences of the pandemic situation have introduced an unnecessary shift in the teaching-learning process setup among the different departments, curriculum developers, teachers, instructors, professors, students, pupils, and parents to adjust to the emerging needs that an online class format requires. This research aims to describe the experiences of the College teachers of Notre Dame of Marbel University in the online pedagogy. This is descriptive qualitative research using the in-depth interview as a data gathering method. Thematic analysis was conducted to get the emerging themes based on the narratives and sharing of the participants. The challenges of the teachers in the technical aspects are unupdated devices, problems with the main sources of technology, unfamiliarity with applications, and technological gaps; their challenges are difficulty in social interaction, not being technologically inclined, dishonesty of students, time management; emotional challenges are pressure and fear, mental exhaustion, dishonesty, slow internet connection. The coping mechanisms of the language teachers involve keeping one's circle close, doing things they love, social media, acceptance, practice, and collaborative learning. Along with these are the goals of the teachers for their students, which are honesty, knowledge, and to inspire.


The invention relates to the heating of an aircraft fitted to be disposed at the skin of the aircraft. The equipment (25) comprises a portion (30, 31) intended to be arranged in the skin (27) of the aircraft and heating means of the game. According to the invention, the heating means comprise a thermodynamic loop comprising a closed circuit in which a coolant circulates, the closed circuit comprising an evaporator (14) and a zone in which can operate a condensation of the coolant in the Appendix to warm. Out of the evaporator (14), the circuit in which the fluid is formed by a tubular channel section blank.


A fast and reliable analytical method is reported for the quantitative determination of dissolved elemental sulfur in non-aqueous electrolytes for Li-S batteries. By using high performance liquid chromatography with a UV detector, the solubility of S in 12 different pure solvents and in 22 different electrolytes was determined. It was found that the solubility of elemental sulfur is dependent on the Lewis basicity, the polarity of solvents and the salt concentration in the electrolytes. In addition, the S content in the electrolyte recovered from a discharged Li-S battery was successfully determined by the proposed HPLC/UV method. Thus, the feasibility of the method to the online analysis for a Li-S battery is demonstrated. Interestingly, the S was found super-saturated in the electrolyte recovered from a discharged Li-S cell.


The present clinical study was carried out to know various foot affections in horses. Total 31 horses (20 females and 11 males) were studied for working soundness and unsoundness due to various foot affections. Out of the 31 horses, 25 unsound horses had various foot affections and 6 horses were found sound. The 25 unsound horses included: 9 (36%) males and 16 (64%) females which aged between 3 to 24 years. The foot affections were: buttress foot (4%), thrush (12%), laminitis (16%), laminitic ring (20%), hoof wall crack (20%), over grown hooves (24%) and over growth of frog and bar (4%). The incidence of over grown hooves was the highest (24%) whereas, buttress foot and over growth of frog and bar was low (4%). In most of the cases, there were more than one foot affections e.g. thrush, laminitis, laminitic ring, hoof wall crack, hoof over growth and over growth of frog and bar. Majority of foot affections in horse were found due to heavy work stress, poor stall management, unhygienic conditions of floor and foot.


Abstract The passive is one of the most intriguing grammatical phenomena and it has been discussed in innumerable articles and books. This paper will present the approach to the passive taken in the MT-projekt Swetra focusing the translation between Swedish and English (Sigurd et al. 1992). The approach to the passive may be said to be auxiliary-oriented (cf. Sigurd, 1992) and the suggested meaning representation of the passive looks the same as the representation of an auxiliary.


Glycan modifications of proteins and lipids form an integral part of the cell's outermost layer and an array of ligands, adding a high degree of complexity to the cellular phenotype. While this complexity is an analytical challenge, it also offers a wide range of opportunities for biomarkers and treatment targets.
This thesis deals with the analysis of colorectal cancer (CRC)-associated glycomic changes. Current knowledge on CRC-associated glycan changes and their biological role have been reviewed in Chapter 1. In Chapters 2, 3, and 6, we developed novel, high-end methodologies for the glycomic analysis of tissues and cell lines to be able to expand our knowledge on cancer glycomics and to overcome some limitations of current techniques. By applying these new methods, this thesis also covers the characterization of changes in glycosylation in CRC tissues as well as cell lines, thereby contributing to the understanding of CRC biology while identifying cancer-specific signatures underlying CRC development. These signatures can be further explored as potential markers to improve patient care. Additionally, in Chapter 5, we extended our research to pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma and characterized the N-glycome of PDAC cells with different metastatic potential and of a normal pancreatic duct cell line.


Pyroelectric uncooled focal plane array (FPA) thermal imager has the advantages of low cost, small size, high responsibility and can work under room temperature, so it has great progress in recent years. As a matched technique, the modulate chopper has become one of the key techniques in uncooled FPA thermal imaging system. Now the Archimedes spiral cord chopper technique is mostly used. When it works, the chopper pushing scans the detector's pixel array, thus makes the pixels being exposed continuously. This paper simulates the shape of this kind of chopper, analyses the exposure time of the detector's every pixel, and also analyses the whole detector pixels' exposure sequence. From the analysis we can get the results: the parameter of Archimedes spiral cord, the detector's thermal time constant, the detector's geometrical dimension, the relative position of the detector to the chopper's spiral cord are the system's important parameters, they will affect the chopper's exposure efficiency and uniformity. We should design the chopper's relevant parameter according to the practical request to achieve the chopper's appropriate structure.


Smoking causes the premature onset and acceleration of decline in lung function. Susan Chinn of King's College London and colleagues ( Chinn et al 2005 ) report on data from the European Respiratory Health Survey, which involved 6,654 men and women from 27 centres whose lung function had been measured.


From 1979 to 1994, the US National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and the Fisheries Agency of Japan (FAJ, 1979‐1988), and later the North Pacific Cooperative Fisheries Company (NPCFC, 1989‐1994), have performed joint long-line surveys on chartered Japanese commercial fishing vessels in the Gulf of Alaska. These surveys were designed primarily to monitor the relative abundance of sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria). To prepare for the future termination of these joint surveys, between 1988 and 1994 NMFS performed similar long-line surveys aboard US vessels in the Gulf of Alaska. These paired (i.e. duplicated) surveys from 1988 to 1994, provide a basis for comparing future NMFS survey results with the past time series of joint US and Japanese surveys (i.e. the joint 1979‐1994 surveys). This paper describes how modeling the log-ratio of paired cpue results (i.e. the log[(NMFS cpue)/(joint cpue)]), from a standardized survey design, was used to provide a basis for converting the joint survey cpue values to values directly comparable to those from the NMFS surveys. This was necessary because sablefish long-line surveys will be carried out solely by NMFS in the future.


Using the master equation for the density operator of the laser field, we constructed an analytic model of a single emitter laser under a strong atom-field coupling in the non-stationary regime, that is obtained by coupling constant modulation at the defined frequency. The model demonstrated the emergence of a harmonic force, that partially compensates for relaxation processes in the quantum system. The mechanism of force occurrence, is described by changing the coupling constant.


During the course of getting employment,the students in senior vocational colleges have many misunderstandings in cognition,including: ideal above reality,errors in the location of vocational roles,crisis in inter-personal relationship caused by insufficient knowledge about the society,frustration psychology,and so on.We should analyze the reasons for the misunderstandings by dealing with the relationships between meta-cognition,self-cognition,emotion control,interpersonal relationship,and study,and put forward practical solutions,which will be helpful,to a certain extent,to improve the current employment situation for students in senior vocational colleges.


Renin was first described in urine >50 years ago. Given the fact that its urinary levels usually do not correlate with plasma renin levels, a reasonable concept is that renin is released from renal tissue sites into urine under conditions where the renal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is activated. In other words, urinary renin reflects renal RAS activity. One such condition is diabetes mellitus, which is characterized by low circulating renin levels, and a paradoxical enhanced renal response to RAS blockers, suggestive for renal RAS upregulation. Indeed, urinary renin levels are elevated in diabetic patients. In this issue of Hypertension, Tang et al shed new light on this important issue, making use of an extensive set of experiments in humans and mice. Of course, a logical first question is why renin release into the circulation is diminished in diabetes mellitus, while simultaneously RAS activity in the kidney is enhanced. Here, the intriguing in vitro observation that the principal cells of the collecting duct synthesize renin may come to help. Remarkably, this synthesis, in contrast with renin synthesis in the juxtaglomerular apparatus, is stimulated by angiotensin II. Furthermore, these cells release prorenin rather than renin. It has even been suggested that the collecting duct is the source of the elevated circulating prorenin levels in diabetes mellitus. The latter has been known for decades, but remained a mystery due to the fact that prorenin is the inactive precursor of renin. Hence, its elevation would have no functional consequences. The final piece of the puzzle appeared to be the discovery of the (pro)renin receptor, which is also present in the collecting duct, and possibly even released into urine in a soluble form. Prorenin binding to this receptor allows prorenin to display activity, due to a conformational change in the prorenin molecule, not requiring actual prosegment cleavage. Subsequently, multiple effects of the prorenin-(pro) renin receptor axis in the kidney have been postulated, ranging from local angiotensin production to direct prorenin-induced effects, for example, on water reabsorption, epithelial Na channel expression, and fibrosis. However, these studies ignored the low (nanomolar) affinity of the (pro)renin receptor for prorenin, which implies that prorenin-(pro)renin receptor interaction in vivo, even in the kidney (with prorenin levels that might be somewhat higher than its picomolar levels in blood), would be negligible. Moreover, prorenin is normally barely detectable in urine, while urinary renin levels correspond with ≈5% of plasma renin levels. Importantly, early studies had revealed that urinary renin levels rise considerably when blocking proximal tubular reabsorption with lysine. Similarly, up to 40-fold higher renin levels were observed in patients with Dent disease and Lowe syndrome in whom megalin expression and tracking is impaired, thereby resulting in tubular dysfunction. In such patients, prorenin also became detectable in urine, and urinary albumin levels rose in parallel with urinary renin. These data imply that normally, there is extensive reabsorption of renin (on average 95%), and suggest that such reabsorption might even be close to 100% in the case of prorenin (hence the inability to detect prorenin in urine under normal circumstances). Studies in rodents fully confirmed megalin-dependent reabsorption of renin, and accordingly massive rises in urinary renin occurred after megalin knockdown, without affecting plasma renin levels. Here, it is important to note that renin and prorenin, like albumin, can be filtered through the glomerulus. In fact, since both renin and prorenin are smaller than albumin, relatively larger amounts of renin and prorenin will pass the glomerulus in comparison with albumin. Not surprisingly, the glomerular sieving coefficients for renin and prorenin increase after damaging the glomerular filtration barrier. The disparity between plasma and urinary renin levels might then relate to 3 factors: variation at the level of the filtration barrier (dependent on the degree of glomerular damage), variation in reabsorption (dependent on the degree of megalin expression), and release of renin (or soluble (pro)renin receptor-bound prorenin?) from tubular sites into urine. Tang et al are the first to address these factors in the diabetic setting. They show that urinary renin levels are higher in diabetic patients with kidney disease (albumin/creatinine ratio >300 mg/g or estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/ min per 1.73 m plus albumin/creatinine ratio >30 mg/g) than in those without kidney disease, and in mice made diabetic with streptozotocin versus healthy control mice. They next confirm that lysine increases urinary renin levels, not only in normal mice, but also in diabetic mice. Since the lysine-induced urinary renin rise in diabetic mice (≈10-fold) The opinions expressed in this article are not necessarily those of the editors or of the American Heart Association. From the Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Correspondence to A.H. Jan Danser, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Room EE1418B, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Email firstname.lastname@example.com Tubular (Pro)renin Release The Curtain Falls


Objective To compare the effects of propofol-ketamine combination intravenous anesthesia with propofol or ketamine separately in transcatherer closure of congenital heart disease of children.Methods 90 childrens with congenital heart disease for transcatherer closure were randomly divided in to 3 groups:group PK (propofol-ketamine combination,n=30),group P (propofol,n=30) and group K (ketamine,n=30).The changes of MAP,HR,SpO2 and RR before operation,at time of femoral vein and artery puncture and transcather closure placement,wake-up time,side effects,dosage of narcotic were recorded respectively for the three groups.Results MAP and HR during operation were lower in group PK,and higher in group K,but remained statistically unchanged in group PK.SpO2 were more than 93% in 3 groups,and without significant difference among them.As for the wake-up time,there was no significant difference between group PK and group K,but it was much longer in group K than in group PK and group P.The dosage of ketamine of group K or group P was more than that of group PK(P0.05).Conclusion Propofol-ketamine combination intravenous anesthesia is effective,controllable and stable with less side effect,being superior to propofol or ketamine separately in transcatherer closure of congenital heart disease of children.


Introduction: Oxygen-enhanced MR can evaluate lung function via changes in T2* [1] and T1 [2]. While changes in T2* are directly related to ventilation, changes in T1 are also influenced by perfusion and diffusion and can be described by the oxygen transfer function (OTF). In order to provide several functional parameters in one measurement in 3D we employ a modified T1-weighted Twisted Projection Imaging (TPI) [3] sequence with different TEs. With retrospective DC gating the sequence allows for 1) quantitative assessment of T2* 2) T1-weighted imaging and 3) relative spin density (SD) mapping in arbitrary breathing states e.g. inspiration and expiration.


Abstract The courtship song of the cricket,Teleogryllus oceanicusplays an important role in inducing the female to mount the male, which is necessary for mating. The song consists of a short, amplitude-modulated chirp, followed by a long trill of constant intensity and high syllable rate. Using playback techniques, it was determined which physical parameters of courtship song are necessary and/or sufficient to evoke normal female mounting of muted, courting males. The higher harmonics of natural courtship song were neither necessary nor sufficient for the effectiveness of the song. The chirp component alone was sufficient to evoke normal levels of mounting, but the trill was only partially effective on its own. The conspicuous amplitude modulation of the chirp was not necessary to evoke normal responses. The results suggest that the high effectiveness of the chirp is due to its characteristic temporal pattern. As in other cricket species, the song repertoire ofT. oceanicusalso includes distinct calling and aggression songs, which contain chirps that are structurally similar to the courtship chirp. Both calling and aggression songs evoked normal mounting responses when played back in the context of courtship.


A simple slot-coupled cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with wideband characteristics is studied theoretically and experimentally. In previous studies, the slot has been designed to radiate at the same frequency as the fundamental HEM11delta mode. In this paper, the partial independence of the slot mode from the DRA mode is discussed and a simple design is described, in which the slot mode and the DRA mode are offset, allowing an impedance bandwidth of 27%


Two resorcyl di[4-(4-alkoxy-2,3-difluorophenyl)ethynyl]benzoate liquid crystals were prepared and their mesomorphic properties observed and measured. Achiral antiferroelectric phases were seen with increasing length of the hydrocarbon terminal chains.


Magnetic confinement fusion reactors (tokamaks) require the development of magnets capable of generating large fields under stringent structural constraints. High temperature superconducting magnets which are well suited to this application are however vulnerable to quench occurrence during operation. Temperature and strain sensors based on fiber optics are being developed as a countermeasure to this contingency. Optical fibers with Bragg gratings are amenable to embedding within superconducting magnets to monitor temperature, strain, irradiation, and to detect quench occurrence. In a length of YBCO tape where quench propagation velocities are slow, we show that it is possible to detect the event occurrence using fiber optic sensors even with a sampling rate as low as 1 Hz. This preliminary result demonstrates the feasibility of using fiber optic sensors to monitor the temperature and strain condition along the length within a coil. These sensors could be used to provide feedback to or trigger magnet protection systems. This would be an invaluable method for mitigating damage to superconducting magnets and increasing up-time for reactors.


A first approach to the parallel implementation of an automated visual quality inspection (VQI) system for printed ceramic dishes is described. The VQI system is designed to detect defects on the surface drawings of dishes printed automatically by industrial series production. Quality inspection must be accomplished online, so a parallel implementation is proposed to speed up processing. The paper briefly introduces the algorithms employed to accomplish the various steps of quality inspection, focusing on the parallel implementation of such algorithms and the digital signal processor (DSP) platform employed. The results of the experimental tests show classification abilities of the proposed algorithms, as well as performance times for the DSP based hardware platform and parallelization efficiency of VQI algorithms.


The all volatile treatment (AVT) has been currently adopted for once-through boilers in Japan. Recently, the introduction of oxygenated treatments, namely combined water treatment (CWT) and neutral water treatment (NWT) are being examined with the intention of reducing the pressure loss in the water line. In this study, corrosion tests were conducted on carbon steel in a jet-in-slit testing apparatus under high pressure at elevated temperatures. The mass loss of specimen and damage depth were used as the index of corrosion damage. It was revealed that AVT is superior to others in that the mass loss as well as the damage depth of specimen was smallest in this water. This is because the corrosion product film generated on the specimen surface is of the magnetite. It is vested with enough mechanical strength not to be removed from the metal surface even at those place where the intensity of turbulence and the shearing stress of the fluid flow is locally raised. Thus, the occurrence of so-called erosion-corrosion is almost prevented. In CWT environment, the erosion-corrosion did not occur but radial deep ditches were formed on the surface near the periphery of the specimen where the flow velocity of water was lower than it was at the central part. This might be attributed to the enhanced oxygen supply in the central part of specimen which brought about the generation of sound passivation film there. On the surrounding surface, in contrast, the oxygen supply was poor so that the passivation film was not complete, which must be linked with the formation of the ditches apparently under the influence of fluid flow. In the NWT environment, the most inferior result was obtained in the both aspect of mass loss and damage depth.


HANDLER CIRCUIT POWER LASER PULSES APPLYING A LASER DIODE (10) to activate and issue DIODE RADIATION PULSES SUITABLE FOR THE OPERATION OF A LASER PRINTER (16). A field effect transistor (12) (FET) is connected in series with the laser diode (10) and a feedback resistor (32) to apply current pulses, serving feedback resistor (32) as a signal source FEEDBACK INDICATING THE MAGNITUDE OF CURRENT FLOW. A photodetector (54) detects the radiation emitted by a laser diode (10) and emits a RETRALIMENTACION OPTICAL POWER REPRESENTATIVE OF RADIATION LASER DIODE. CIRCUIT combiner (40) responsive to a digital signal input control COMBINES feedback signal current and optic feedback signal control signal for generating a pulse signal TO ACTIVATE FET (12). CIRCUIT combiner (40) includes an input section IN WHICH A current source powers a differential amplifier OPERATING MODE SWITCHING IN RESPONSE TO command signal, a section IMPULSORA (84) where a current source DA POWER TO A differential amplifier WORKING IN LINEAR MODE AND CONNECTING BETWEEN THE SECTION OF ENTRY AND FET (122), and a section THRESHOLD (76) connected to the input section TO ESTABLISH A LEVEL OF CURRENT THRESHOLD IN THE DRIVING SIGNAL THAT ACTIVATES FET (12).


Two new malachiid beetle species of the genus Kuatunia Evers are described: K. nordica sp. n., from Taimyr peninsula,northeastern Russia, and K. wolongensis sp. n., from China, Wolong Nature Reserve. Figures of male habiti, elytral ap-pendices, genitalia, and a distribution map for newly recorded species are given, and a determination key to all species of the genus is provided.


AbstractIn this study, the effect of coating disbondment gap size on corrosion and electrochemical conditions of the X-52 pipeline under simulated tape coating disbondment protected by cathodic pro...


In an arrangement for coupling a drive shaft with one or both of two transmission shafts of a change-speed gearbox, the drive shaft is engageable by a respective coupling with the transmission shafts in driving connection. At least two pressure-medium servo motors of the axial piston type, both of each coupling are assigned for their actuation and arranged parallel to the coupling axis.


The nonlinear vibrations of membranes with various shapes are analyzed by the boundary element method. In order that the application of the boundary element method may be practical in such nonlinear dynamic problems, a treatment that produces modal equations from the governing nonlinear partial differential equations is employed. In this way, it is shown that the original problem is reduced to solving successively several easier problems, and that the modal equations derived thus enable the treatment of various nonlinear oscillations. As an example of the application of this treatment, rectangular and circular membranes are first analyzed, the results of which are compared with other published data to confirm the validity of the treatment. Then, trapezoidal and elliptical membranes are analyzed, and some typical nonlinear oscillations such as subharmonic and summed-and differential harmonic oscillations are shown to occur.


The importance of information technology and technology is felt to be important to empower villages. So that it is expected to be able to maximize the use of cross-sectoral development ranging from the economy, health, education, to local government management. Information Technology has been widely used to support business processes that occur in companies, both in the economic and banking fields. With the presence of applications and services for e-business, e-commerce, e-banking and others. The need for time and cost efficiency causes every business person to feel the need to apply information technology in the work environment. In agricultural economics, farm yields, crop yields, or very often abbreviated as yields, are quantities that describe the amount of agricultural harvested products obtained in one area of land in one production cycle.


An effective medium theory, based on the method of smoothing and incorporating a transfer of fluid between connected cracks via non-compliant pores, is used to derive an expression for the effective elastic parameters of the material, to first order in crack density . This expression involves a dependence on both the applied stress and the fluid pressure, and is used to determine the effects on the anisotropy of the effective medium of the applied stress and fluid pressure. A biaxial compressive stress is applied to an isotropic crack distribution to determine the anisotropy of the (transversely isotropic) effective medium as a function of differential pressure. As a result of competing processes, the theory predicts that there is a pressure at which the anisotropy reaches a maximum value before the properties of the effective medium decay, under increasing stress, to those of the uncracked matrix.


1. A method for polymerizing the monomer in at least first and second reactors in series, the method comprises one of the following: (1) contacting a first stream comprising steam produced from the effluent discharged from the second reactor with the feed stream to the second reactor, said feed stream comprises an effluent resulting from the first reactor, and said first stream separated from the polymer discharged from the second reactor, at a pressure of 0.5 MPa (5 bar) or above; or (2) contacting a first stream comprising steam produced from the effluent discharged from the subsequent reactor with a feed stream to the second reactor, said feed stream comprises an effluent from the first reaktora.2. A method according to Claim. 1, which includes first and second circulating polymerization slurry reactors coupled posledovatelno.3. A method according to Claim. 1, wherein the feed stream is a slurry of polymer solids in a liquid medium of the first slurry loop reactor polimerizatsii.4. A method according to Claim. 1, wherein the effluent discharged from the second reactor is a suspension of solid polymer particles in a liquid medium comprising a diluent, and the first stream is obtained from the effluent by rapid evaporation of all or part of the liquid medium to form a pair, and the separation vapor from solid particles polimera.5. A method according to claim. 4, wherein said first stream comprises a majority of the vaporized components of the liquid medium contained in the effluent discharged from the second reactor, and at least 80 wt.% Of the first stream is in the form of steam when performed its contacting with the flow syrya.6. od