Ceramic particles such as silicon carbide (SiC) have attracted great attention because of their usability as reinforcement for composite materials. Autocatalytic (electroless) nickel deposition is an excellent process for the enhancement of surface properties of ceramic particles. In this study, deposition of nickel–phosphorus (Ni-P) and nickel–boron (Ni-B) layer on SiC particles by way of autocatalytic plating in hypophosphite and borohydride baths was investigated. SiC powders were sensitised and activated respectively in order to ensure catalytic properties. Electroless nickel coating was performed from two different nickel ion sources (nickel chloride, nickel sulfate) following the pretreatments of particle surfaces. Coated powder morphologies were characterised by scanning electron microscopy. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis was used to investigate the chemical analysis of coatings. The results showed that a better uniformity and bonding were obtained for Ni-P coatings with the Ni2+ source of...


Polychromatic dynamic localization in tight-binding lattices with long-range interaction is theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated in curved-waveguide photonic lattices. Efficient suppression of discrete diffraction over the whole white-light spectral region (450-750 nm) has been demonstrated in femtosecond-laser-written triangular-waveguide lattices with first- and second-order coupling.


Werner, K., Tarasov, P. E., Andreev, A. A., Müller, S., Kienast, F., Zech, M., Zech, W. & Diekmann, B. 2009: A 12.5‐kyr history of vegetation dynamics and mire development with evidence of Younger Dryas larch presence in the Verkhoyansk Mountains, East Siberia, Russia. Boreas, 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2009.00116.x. ISSN 0300‐9483.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce and explore the concept of information resilience. Design/methodology/approach – The concept of information resilience emerges from a qualitative study that explored the health information experience and information practices of resettling refugees. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were employed and the data collected were analysed using an grounded theory approach. Findings – The present study describes information resilience as an outcome of information literacy practice. As an emerging concept information resilience has the potential to focus research attention towards the critical role that information and information practices such as information literacy have in supporting people whose knowledge bases, social networks and information landscapes have become disrupted during transition. Practical implications – Public libraries role in support the development of information resilience is considered. Social implications – The paper draws from a...


The composition,technological principle and operational characteristics of a improved oxidation ditch device for municipal sewage treatment are introduced by integration with the technological process of a sewage treatment plant in the paper,its operating conditions and treating effect are analysed;the removal rates of main effluent indexes,such as BOD,COD,SS,NH3-N and TP content,reached to 90%,87%,93%,97% and 64% respectively,reaching the national discharge standard.


"Employer of Choice" (EOC) is an evolving principle for Australian business. EOC reflects the value and importance organisations place on their key stakeholders their staff. This paper aims to define employer of choice for Australian business conditions, demonstrate the link between EOC and "Corporate Social Responsibility" (CSR), expand on the valuable contribution staff add to organisational "Reputation and Risk Management", and illustrate how "Information and Communication Technology" (ICT) can provide the ideal platform for educating a large office-based staff about their organisation's EOC program. Increasing numbers of Australian organisations are paying greater attention to motivating and effectively utilising the skills of their employees. The current climate of buoyant employment in Australia enables employees and job-seekers to look beyond monetary incentive in employment to include aligning work culture with their individual beliefs on corporate, environment and social responsibility. Many organisations are working hard to acquire EOC status, as EOC programs are one way of addressing employee requirements. This paper suggests "Computer Assisted Learning" (CAL), which embraces the constructivists' principles of adult learning, enables individuallytailored education for large office-based staff on their organisation's EOC programs, enhancing opportunities to reflect an organisation's brand and desirable culture.


Abstract Metalloid gold clusters have unique properties with respect to size and structure and are key intermediates in studying transitions between molecular compounds and the bulk phase of the respective metal. In the following, the synthesis of the all‐phosphine protected metalloid cluster Au20( t Bu3P)8, solely built from gold atoms in the oxidation state of 0 is reported. Single‐crystal X‐ray analysis revealed a highly symmetric hollow cube‐octahedral arrangement of the gold atoms, resembling gold bulk structure. Quantum‐chemical calculations illustrated the cluster can be described as a 20‐electron superatom. Optical properties of the compound have shown molecular‐like behavior.


It was often argued, and rightly, that patents held back inventors. This was true of no one as much as (James) Watt, who was ruthless in this respect. The umbrella patent of 1784, ... (laid) claim to any use of steam on a wheeled carriage, something William Murdoch had been working on ... . But Watt's patent blocked Murdoch developing this any further. Jenny Uglow The Lunar Men Faber and Faber, 2002, p 396


On August 13, 2004, a U.S. Marine Corps CH-53D helicopter crashed next to a building on the campus of Okinawa International University in Ginowan City, Okinawa Prefecture, while on a routine training flight from Marine Corps Air Station Futenma in the same city. While no local residents were injured, the crash raised an outcry locally and nationally and caused many to increase their opposition to the presence of the air station in the prefecture. This article, published in three installments, examines the crash and its after-


The H-basis concept allows an investigation of multivariate polynomial spaces degree by degree. In this paper we present the analogue of Hbases for subalgebras in polynomial rings, we call them "SH-bases". We present their connection to the Sagbi basis concept, characterize SH-basis and show how to construct them.


Conservation and human rights are currently threatened by direct and indirect effects of border enforcement practices on the US–Mexico border. Increased border enforcement in urban areas has pushed migrants into remote conservation areas where thousands have died. Migration, smuggling, border enforcement, and aid provisioning contribute to ecological degradation of protected areas on the border. In this study we explore the discursively created physical, social, and cultural dimensions of place among land management personnel and humanitarian aid volunteers who were attempting to address the socio-ecological crises wrought by border enforcement in the Altar Valley region of southern Arizona. Land managers described physical place as an eroding ecosystem whereas humanitarians described physical place as a fragmenting system. Land managers saw crime as the defining social process while humanitarians pointed to social injustice. Finally, land managers viewed uncertainty as the primary cultural meaning, but humanitarians described empathy as the primary cultural meaning. We describe how these differences explain counterproductive conflict between humanitarian and land management groups, how viable local conservation solutions can emerge from an understanding of place, and how challenges arise as these solutions are scaled up to regional and national level policy. We suggest that the concept of culturescape integrated with place allows for an analysis of discourse that is especially local, and can be used to understand and improve upon natural resource conflicts that stem from attachments to place.


Objective: Jowiseunggi-tang (JWSGT) is a traditional herbal medicine commonly used for purgative activity in constipation. This study evaluates JWSGT for the treatment of opioid-induced constipation (OIC), the most common and debilitating gastrointestinal effect of opioid use.Methods: A 64-year-old man with floor of mouth cancer was hospitalized for OIC, and JWSGT was administered orally twice a day for 10 days, along with acupuncture, moxibustion, and cupping. The primary outcome measures were defecation type according to the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) and the frequency of bowel movements. The Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) were used as secondary measures.Results: After three days of JWSGT administration, spontaneous bowel movements were observed two to three times per week with improved BSFS from type 2 to 4. A reduction in BFI score (8.7 to 2.0) and an increase in FACT-G score (44.3 to 59.0) suggested an improvement in fatigue level and quality of life.Conclusion: This is the first report to assess the efficacy of JWSGT for the management of OIC in patients with cancer, and JWSGT may be an effective option to improve symptoms and quality of life in this group.


The success of sheet hydroforming process largely depends on the loading pressure path. Pressure path is one of the most important parameters in sheet hydroforming process. In this study, a combination of finite element simulation, artificial intelligence and simulated annealing optimization have been utilized to optimize the pressure path in producing cylindrical-spherical parts. In the beginning, the finite element model was verified based on laboratory experimental results. The experiments were designed and a radial basis neural network model was developed using data generated from verified finite element model to predict the thickness in the critical region of the product. Results indicated that the neural network model could be applied successfully to predict the sheet thickness in the critical region. In addition, the neural network model was used as a fitness function in simulated annealing algorithm to minimize the thickening in the above mentioned critical region. The final results showed that utilization of the optimized pressure path yields good thickness distribution of the part.


This paper employs the Burkean notion of sociological criticism as a means of studying the discourse associated with the 1984 national nominating conventions. Through the use of the "mirroring" anecdote the findings indicate that the two parties organized narratives that followed distinct assessments of political reality as the Democrats told a story following a "fear and fairness" theme while the Republicans relied on a "prosperity and patriotism" theme.


This guide contains all of the ASC's writing resources. If you do not see a topic, suggest it through the suggestion box on the Writing home page. Also referred to as a Compare/Contrast, Argument, or Position Statement


The intakes of dry matter (IDM), metabolizable energy (IME), ether extract (IEE), crude protein (ICP), neutral detergent fiber (INDF), acid detergent fiber (IADF) and organic matter (IOM) and the daily weight gain (WG), in kg/day, and feed conversion (FC) were determined to evaluate the effect of three dietary energy levels, for sheep. Eighteen Santa Ines sheep (averaging live weight of 20 kg six months old) were full fed diets with 2.42, 2.66 and 2.83 Mcal of metabolizable energy (ME)/kg of dry matter (DM). A randomized block design, with six replicates, was used. IDM, in kg/day, %LW, g/kg0.75, showed no effect, as the dietary energy levels increased, with average of 0.88 kg, 3.33% and 75.52 g, respectively. INDF and IADF showed linear decreasing effect, as the dietary energy levels increased. IEE and IME increased linearly, as the dietary energy levels increased. There was no significant effect for ICP, as the dietary energy levels increased. Dietary energy levels did not influence weight gain and feed conversion, that were of 0.123, 0.137, and 0.191 kg and 9.6, 8.4, and 7.0, respectively.


This paper presents a framework for handling and on-the-fly generation of levels of detail. The application directly controls the trade-off between the amount of resources to be used and the accuracy of the final images. The basis for this choice is an accuracy curve which explicates the trade-off. This curve is calculated and updated hierarchically, which makes it especially suited for use with a scene graph. Integration of the framework with VRML is described. Measurements on our prototype implementation show that target resource loads and accuracies can adequately be reached.


The bronchodilator effects of nebulized terbutaline, atropine sulphate and the combination of atropine and terbutaline were studied in 12 chronic asthmatic children. The combination of terbutaline and atropine was better than either of the drugs alone (p<0.001). The side effects did not increase when both the drugs were combined.


Computed characteristics and electrode configurations are presented for magnetron-injector guns used to form helical electron beams for cyclotron masers operating in the space-charge limited current regime (i.e., the ρ regime) over various frequency ranges. A brief description is given of the synthesis and analysis methods used in the calculations. Some experimental results are presented for one of the guns described here ; these results confirm that such guns can be used in gyrotrons.


Objective: evaluation of friction forces between Damon bracket and conventional bracket considering in vitro studies of literature. Materials and methods: evaluation of thirteen in vitro studies of literature from 1998 to 2016. Results: the production of low friction by selfligating bracket depends to diameter of archwire and so is obtained easily with round archwire and another factor that influences the friction is the bracket design.


After the successful FOM2009 conference held in Krakow, Poland this year, the next conference Focus on Microscopy 2010 takes place in Shanghai, China. It will be in the week before Easter from Sunday March 28 to Wednesday March 31, 2010. Hosted by the Shanghai Jiao Tong University, it starts around 6 pm with a plenary opening session followed by a welcome reception.


Development in germplasm resource research and new variety breeding of peach-blossom were reviewed.Conventional breeding was a very effective method,and the continuous development of biotechnology offered a new route for peach-blossom breeding.Genetic engineering would play an important role especially in improving color,fragrant,shape of peach-blossom,enhancing comprehensive resistance,expanding the breeding route of the Peach-blossom an so on.


Samaras are highly specialized forms of "flying" fruits that some species of trees produce for the dispersal of their seeds in their environment. The flight of a samara is always a highly elaborated form of mechanical motion, and an excellent opportunity for application of both Intermediate and Analytical Mechanics to a natural phenomenon. One of the more interesting cases, the passive flight of Triplaris Caracasana, which is a combined motion of vertical translation and simultaneous rotation, is presented here. A Newtonian Mechanics model is elaborated, and successfully confirmed, using a variety of different and accurate laboratory measurement techniques including one based on the chopping a laser beam. The motion of the flying samaras is indeed appealing and should be found of great interest for Analytical Mechanics and Fluid Mechanics and as shown here for Intermediate Mechanics courses.


Abstract : SYMAP2, a FORTRAN computer program for symbolic manipulation of algebraic forms, is operational on the BRLESC 2 computer. FORTRAN-like formulas can be built up, combined, displayed, differentiated, modified through substitution or change of variables, and operated on in various other ways, either to verify or eliminate the need for many tedious and lengthy hand transformations. No knowledge of FORTRAN programming as such is required for use of SYMAP2. The report includes numerous examples with detailed explanation of each.


Thermal treatments, when conveniently applied, are efficient in reducing microbial load of fruits and vegetables. However, the negative impact of heat, especially at food texture level, makes non-thermal treatments promising technologies as minimal food processes. The objective of this work was to study the effect ultrasonication, and its combination with a milder heat treatment (thermosonication), UV-C radiation, and ozonation, on the safety of strawberries (Fragaria anannassa), watercress (Nasturtium officinale) and red bell peppers (Capsicum annuum, L.).


In recent years, the hydraulic system of the automatic transmission of a passenger car is becoming more simplified and light-weighted by virtue of the development of the technology of the electronic control and the actuator. Nevertheless, it shows improved shift quality. Following this trend, we design a clutch direct-drive circuit (CDDC) which have one proportional solenoid valve for one clutch, which controls each clutch during shifting. For the analysis of this proportional solenoid valve, we divide this valve into two subsystem : an electrical subsystem and a hydraulic subsystem. Each subsystem is modeled in detail and we verify the reliability of this detailed model through experiments. It turns out that this valve is able to control a clutch pressure precisely enough to obtain good shift quality. For a shift control, we design a control algorithm and are confirmed that the performance of the transient torque reduction is good enough through the feedback shift control experiment at the automatic transmission dynamo which has a hydraulic system using a CDDC.


This study investigates whether voluntary disclosure of management earnings forecasts influences investors' long-term assessment of firm risk and firm value. We control for possible endogeneity between various firm-specific characteristics and the voluntary issuing of different types of management earnings forecasts by utilizing a two-stage Heckman treatment analysis. We find a significant negative relationship between the issuance of management earnings forecasts and a variety of risk measures including idiosyncratic risk, stock return volatility, beta, and bid-ask spreads suggesting that information risk is an important determinant of both diversifiable risk and nondiversifiable systematic risk. We also demonstrate that management earnings forecasts are positively associated with firm value as captured by Tobin's Q when firms have established their forecasting reputation by consistently releasing more frequent, precise and credible forecasts.


The Kendeng Mountains are the largest limestone producer on the island of Java, so mining or over-exploitation is often carried out in several locations. Pati Regency is a city affected by the exploitation of the Kendeng Mountains, in addition to Rembang Regency. The northern Kendeng area, which is in southern Pati, has experienced more than 60% deforestation. The impacts of this exploitation are floods, droughts, and landslides in the South Pati region. Since 2019 the southern Pati region has experienced quite large flash floods approximately 5 times. To deal with the impact of exploitation this research uses analysis and synthesis methods. The clearing of forest land use as an agricultural and mining area in this location continued to occur from 1996 to 2016, and the rainfall that experienced the La Nina phenomenon in 2020/2021 caused flooding in the Tambakromo, Kayen, Sukolilo, and Winong areas. and drought in 30 villages, in the Pati region, Central Java. To maintain the impact of exploitation, reforestation must be carried out, construction of drainage canals, and construction of springs


This paper reviews the Japanese experience with "put guarantees" recently offered in the sale of several failed banks. These guarantees, meant to address information asymmetry problems, are shown to create moral hazard problems of their own. In particular, the guarantees make acquiring banks reluctant to accept first-best renegotiations with problem borrowers. These issues also arose in the U.S. savings and loan crisis. Regulators in that crisis turned to an alternative guarantee mechanism known as "loss-sharing arrangements" with apparently positive results. I introduce a formal debt model to examine the conditions determining the relative merits of these guarantees. The results show that both forms of guarantees reduce expected regulator revenues and that the impact of economic downturns on the relative desirability of the two guarantees is ambiguous.


Compound of the following general formula (I): Signal-Nexo-Peptide (I) wherein: - Signal represents a signal entity, - Nexo, present or not, represents a chemical bond, y- Peptide represents a peptide comprising oriented VCAM peptide being oriented AVCam selected from the peptides of formula and their functional equivalents peptide: X10-X11-X12-X13-X14-X15-X16-X17-X18 (2) (SEQ ID 4) where: - X10 selected from cysteine and methionine, - X11 selected from methionine and methionine, - X12 selected from lysine, arginine and alanine, - X13 selected from threonine and serine, - X14 selected from aspartic acid and glutamic acid , - X15 selected from threonine and serine, - X16 selected from arginine, alanine and lysine, - X17 selected from leucine, isoleucine and valine, - X18 is cysteine and metioninapreferentemente the CMKTDTRLC peptide (SEQ ID 5); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of these compounds.


Multi-satellite missions, such as the next generation of METEOSAT geostationary satellites, require a ground station able to support an arbitrary number of satellites that can fly wherever within a pre-determined sky region, called control box. The use of high frequencies, around 26 GHz, imposes on the ground station high antenna gains to compensate for the noise temperature collected at those frequencies to obtain the specified G/T. Regardless of the narrow beamwidths that emerged from the adoption of high antenna gains, it is also required to operate with fixed (i.e. without any kind of tracking) antennas. This paper shows how all these specifications drive a new type of ground station with respect to current solutions. The proposed architecture is based on a multi-reflector system able to provide a set of interleaved beams, which generates an almost uniform coverage of the control box. The architecture is analyzed and designed, optimizing all the main antenna parameters, and presenting the analytical results.


For the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of CO2 heat pump water heaters, we have developed water-refrigerant heatexchangers enhancement technology and system efficiency simulation technology. As a result, the water-side heat transfer coefficient was increased by about 2 times in comparison to conventional systems by using twisted and dimpled tubes. The system efficiency simulation technology makes it possible to predict precisely the behavior of a heat pump system in a short time (the calculation time was about 10 minutes and the error margin was about 2 %). It uses simple empirical formulas and thermal network models corrected for the influence of thermal conductivity and convection of the water in a storage tank. 地球環境面から,給湯機分野において省エネルギーか つ地球環境への影響が小さいCO2ヒートポンプ給湯機の普 及が進んでいる。今後,更なる省エネルギーを推進する には,CO2ヒートポンプ給湯機を構成する機能部品の高性 能化への継続的な取り組みに加え,実使用時のシステム 効率向上を目的とし,多様な給湯使用パターンに対応で きる沸き上げ制御開発といったソフト&ハード両面からの 取り組みが不可欠である。沸き上げ制御開発を進める上 で,少なくとも1年間にわたる分単位のシステム挙動を短 時間で精度よく解析できるツールが必要である。 今回,重要な機能部品である水冷媒熱交換器の高効率 化技術,および最適な沸き上げ制御開発を行う上で必要 な年間を通したシステム挙動を解析するシミュレーショ ン技術を開発したので,以下で述べる。 水冷媒熱交換器の高効率化は,圧縮機の高圧を低下せ しめ入力低減に寄与できるため,CO2ヒートポンプ給湯機 の省エネルギーに欠かせない重要な技術である。筆者ら は,高効率化への継続的な取り組みを進め,水冷媒熱交 換器を進化させてきた。 2.1 基本構成 水冷媒熱交換器の基本構成は,水とCO2が互いに対向に 流れ,水流路となる水管内にCO2流路となる2本のCO2冷 媒管を内包した伝熱管を環状に巻いた二重管式熱交換器 である(第1図)。 2本のCO2冷媒管はストレート状に構成されており,以 降この形状の伝熱管をTYPE-Aと呼ぶ(第2図)。 技術 論文


Liposome/metal nanoparticle conjugates are found to be a promising carrier tool for effectively delivering wide variety of drugs in a targeted site and without arguing toxic side effects of existing anticancer drugs. In this scenario, the present work was performed to choose Epirubicin-HCl (EPI) as model anticancer drug to formulate citrate stabilized EPI-gold nanoparticles (EPI-GNPs). Further, the biocompatible EPI-GNPs incorporated with lipid bilayer of liposomes formulated to exhibit effective drug delivery system. The biosynthesized EPI-GNPs and its incorporation in a lipid bilayer of liposomes was confirmed by UV-visible spectrophotometer, drug encapsulation, loading capacity, pH stability and drug releasing capacity were studied. Simultaneously, drug and carrier interaction, physical nature, stability, morphological and particle size characteristics were also studied by FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM and Zeta size analyzer. The obtained characterization data confirmed the properties of EPI-GNPs encapsulated liposomes. The in vitro cytotoxic screening of EPI-GNPs encapsulated liposomes arrest the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, at 0.1 μg/ml of liposomes displayed 52% of cell death at 24 h. The EPI-GNPs encapsulated liposomes induced time and dose dependent apoptosis compared with untreated control cancer cells.


We report a detailed experimental investigation of the power dependence of excitonic complexes (neutral exciton, neutral biexciton, and charged exciton) confined in single self-assembled GaAs∕AlGaAs strain-free quantum dots grown by droplet epitaxy. By using the random population theory we show that, under stationary excitation, the power dependence of the excitonic complexes precisely follows the Poissonian statistics. This result allows us to determine with great accuracy the state filling condition of the quantum dots (QDs) and therefore to estimate the capture volume of the QDs.


The tendency of graphite-diamond transformation assisted by nonmetallic catalysts of carbonates, sulfates, or phosphorus under high pressure and high temperature has been investigated by calculating the activation energy and transformation probability of the carbon atoms over a potential barrier. It was found that the activation energy is highly sensitive to the catalyst chosen. The value of activation energy in the systems of graphite-carbonates, graphite-phosphorus, and graphite-sulfate are 130.71 × 10^3, 206.03 × 10^3, and 221 × 10^3 J/mol, respectively. If f _ d stands for the probability of the transformation from graphite to diamond, the probability sequence of graphite-diamond transformation in different systems was put forward: f _ d (gr.-carbonate) > f _ d (gr.-phosphorus). f _ d (gr.-sulfate).


We appreciate Dr. Scott's comments about our paper (Malmgren and Kennett 1981), but wish to clarify some aspects which we hope will help provide a better understanding about the Late Neogene evolution of the Globorotalia (Globoconella) group (Kennett and Srinivasan 1983). We also wish to dispute some of Scott's other criticisms. In effect, Scott's arguments have provided no reason to justify abandonment of our initial contention that this lineage represents one of the best documented cases of phyletic gradualism in any group of fossils. We support Scott's notion that divergence of the lineage took place near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary, but this divergence is not relevant for our evolutionary study. In fact, the Early Pliocene form resembling Globorotalia conoidea was already recognized by one of us (J.P.K.) 10 yr ago (Kennett 1973). It was distinguished as G. cf. conoidea and not G. conoidea as stated by Scott. In our previous papers (Malmgren and Kennett 1981, 1982) we confined our attention to the evolution that occurred in the primary temperate stock (cool subtropical) water mass—the abundant and dominant forms of Globoconella.


This paper applies Bayes decision-making procedure and minimax decision-making procedure to the bit type selection. The minimum cost and the drilling period of the whole well are estimated or are budgeted by the bit type selection.


This case report recounts the sequence of events of a previously healthy 39-year-old female who was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) after presenting with cardiopulmonary arrest after ectopic pregnancy. Additionally, various pertinent aspects of this case are discussed here, both in regards to pregnancy and MS and with the radiological findings in asymptomatic individuals. MS is a chronic disease of the brain and spinal cord which is autoimmune in nature, although the full etiology is still unknown. The symptoms of the disease are numerous and varied including more commonly vision loss, numbness and weakness. The disease is often initially diagnosed between ages 20 and 40 years, but many patients first present with attacks earlier or later in life. Currently the diagnosis is based much on clinical attacks and MRI results. There is no cure at this time for MS; however, there are many current therapies which are available to decrease disease activity. J Neurol Res. 2014;4(4):110-116 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jnr286w


This paper mainly design B/S system structure and small information management system that often appear some problems of college student information management, combines the actual situation of students and student instructor management work. In the process of the development of the whole system, the main use of Microsoft.NET technology as a whole system of compiler environment, SQL Server 2000 is used in the design of backstage supporter's database, were developed and designed by Visual Studi02005 tool, in exchange for page dynamically selected by the ASP.NET database and system interface between Webpage generation. This system has high reliability, high security, low input, so that the efficiency of information management students to improve.


This study considers the problem of estimating the population distribution of independent random variables from error-contaminated samples. The measurement error is also assumed to be normally distributed. Since the observed distribution function is a convolution of the error distribution with the true underlying distribution, estimation of the latter is often referred to as a deconvolution problem. A thorough study of the relevant deconvolution literature in statistics is reported. The intention is to draw more specific connections between certain deconvolution methods and also to demonstrate the application of the statistical theory of estimation in the presence of measurement error.


Nowadays, nature which is almost forgotten or almost unknown by the new generation with technology and constructions is a value that should be given importance to increase awareness. As it's known, it is extremely important for students to be active in outdoor activities at their leisure time in terms of their development. From this point of view, the idea is to create awareness by directing students to outdoor activities. This study was aimed to examine within Erikson's theory of psychosocial development the opinions of students about their expectations and experiences before and after nature camp. Before the camp, opinions were taken of students' expectations and after the camp were taken students' experiences. In this context, the students who participated in the camp were made preliminary interviews before the camp and final interviews after the camp using the case study design. The study group of the research is composed of 41 students who study in the 4th grade in a private elementary school in the academic year 2014-2015. Camping in Egriova National Park in Ankara in Turkey was held as a weekend activity outside school time. According to convenience sampling method was selected nine students (seven boys and two girls) for the sample. Individual interviews were conducted with the semi-structured interview form to obtain information about the expectations and experiences of the students. The obtained data were analyzed by content analysis method. In line with the opinions of the participants, a total of six main themes were formed before the camp and after the camp. Main themes of preliminary interviews are three themes: psychosocial expectation, activity ability expectation and expectation about the environment. Main themes of final interviews are three themes: psychosocial outcomes, activity ability outcomes and outcomes about the environment. Fifteen sub-themes and various codes for this main theme have been identified. In this study, it was observed that the students who expressed their expectations before from the camp were met their expectations positively at the end of the camp. By making a significant contribution to the psychosocial development of children's camping experience, it has enabled children to learn about camping and to experience it. After nature camp, students expressed the awareness that physical activity in nature is more fun than playing video games and they can also spend time without a tablet or a computer. The support of children in the industry versus inferiority has led them to develop their competence, to become aware of themselves and to increase their self-esteem. Within Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, these activities which were promoted and guided to increase children's sense of achievement, have been positive results with the feedback from the students.


What did I eat last month? Even as I write this in the monotony of Covid-19-lockdown, I am hard-pressed to recall accurately and quantitatively what I ate last week, let alone last month. Or last year. Yet so much of nutritional epidemiology relies on accurately answering the initial question for both individuals and cohorts. The inherent biases of recall methods and FFQs have driven a quest for objective biomarkers of nutritional exposure. A good biomarker gives an accurate and precise indication of the target intake, be that of macronutrients, energy, or particular foods, ideally with a useful exposure chronology. In this issue of The Journal of Nutrition, Yun et al. (1) demonstrate that carbon isotope ratios of the amino acid alanine in blood serum (δCalanine) correlate with added sugar intake in a controlled feeding study of postmenopausal women in the United States. Their study builds on work by the authors and others over the last decade documenting the correlation between consumers' carbon isotope ratios and the sugar that they eat (2–6). In such work, there has been iterative progress in the strength of the relation between target variable and proxy measure (from hair to blood to RBC to amino acid), moving from observational to mechanistic, from correlation to causation. Consumption of added sugars and sugar-sweetened beverages has been linked with a range of chronic diseases that require public health interventions as well as clinical treatments. However, accurately quantifying sugar intake is difficult (7). The relation Yun et al. find between added sugar intake, serum δCalanine, and participant characteristics was comparable to the performance of well-established recovery biomarkers in the same cohort (8), offering the potential of a biomarker of longterm added sugar intake in free-living populations whose sugar is derived from cane and not beet. Like doubly labeled water (DLW), the "gold-standard" biomarker for energy intake, the biomarker measured here is an isotope ratio: the relative proportion of the rarer heavy version of an element compared with the more common lighter form. Stable isotope ratios are ideal biomarkers in many ways: the ratios are intrinsic at the atomic (elemental) level, so the patterning can be tracked as molecules transformed through metabolic processes; the consumer is unaffected by the mass differences between isotopes—it makes no difference to them what their isotope ratio is; and the isotopes (and ratios) are


The emergence and development of the Microscale Chemical Experiment at home and abroad,and economic and social effects of its wide use were reviewed.


Objective To analyze the variation of amino acid site of VP1 coding region of Enterovirus 71 in Jilin Province in 2009-2012.Methods To choose 70 EV-A71 virus strains isolated from the HFMD cases to do the RT-PCR and sequences of VP1 genes of EV-A71 strains,and analyzed the variation of amino acid site and gene phylogenetic by the software of bioedit and Mega4.0.Results All 70 EV-A71 strains belong to C4a subgenotype in Jilin Province in 2009-2012,among them,69 strains have the closest homology with Fuyang strain of the year of 2008,and the 69 strains have the same variation site from Q to H with that Fuyang strain in the 22th amino acid site in VP1 coding region.Conclusion The EV-A71 which caused HFMD epidemic in Jilin Province in 2009-2012 maybe from continuing transmission of Fuyang strains.

Key words:
Hand foot and mouth disease;  Enterovirus;  Amino acid substitution


For years, scholars in religion and politics have worked under the assumption that clergy wield significant political influence with their congregations. Until recently, however, this assumption had gone largely uninvestigated and undemonstrated. This article helps correct this shortcoming by analyzing the Notre Dame Study of Catholic Parish Life for evidence of priestly influence on the political attitudes of Catholic parishioners. Though the data indicate that Catholic priests do, indeed, appear to influence the political attitudes of their parishioners, the nature of this influence is more complex than previously demonstrated. Specifically, pastor ideology is the key predictor of both parishioners' issue positions and political ideology, and influence appears to be restricted to politically liberal pastors.


Container, as a light-weight virtualization solution, emerges in recent years, and provides effective approaches for managing computing resources. Due to the complexity of the containerized computing environment, setting up runtime configuration presents a great challenge. To make better use of hardware resources and simplify the processes of environment setup, we propose a resource provisioning approach that models the container configuration as a Multiple Criteria Decision Making problem, by introducing the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy values. The validation results show that with appropriate customization steps and natural user interfaces, user preferences can be reflected effectively in the final configurations of containers.


This paper concerns resources scheduling using a simple heuristic model described as the "current float" model. Current sfloat is defined as the finish float available with respect to its latest finish time in the original network computations. The current float model allocates limited resources by giving priority to the activity that has the least current float. The current floats need be computed only for those activities that are engaged in a resource conflict. The "total float" models that were used previously required the tedious task of constructing and computing a status network every time an activity is postponed due to nonavailability of resources. The current float model avoids this and requires only the original network computations. The mathematical validity of the model is explained, and the paper presents proof that the output of this model is the same as that of the total float model. The physical significance of the model is also indicated. An application section is included to illustrate ...


Various physical processes have been investigated in order to improve the
Nanosphere Lithography (NSL) technique by modifying the nanosphere structures.
Polysytrene CPS) nanospheres used in NSL can be modified in three schemes:
Electron beam, heat and chemical manipulation techniques. The most successful
scheme to modify nanosphere structures is by the electron beam manipulation
technique. Using electron beam irradiation, both the size and shape of the nanospheres
can be modified in a controlled manner. An ordered array of spheres can be modified
by electron beam irradiation to create a pattern otherwise not available through selfassembly
alone. Mechanisms of polymer degradation induced by energetic electrons
are discussed.
Heat and chemical manipulation techniques have created freestanding
transportable nanospheres thin films (FTNFs) that can be further processed with
reactive ion etching (RIE) to create a freestanding transportable lithography mask. A
unique honeycomb structure has been created when PS nanospheres were treated with
organic solvents. The formation of the honeycomb structure depends on the
concentration of the organic solvents and the nanosphere dissolution rate when in
contact with organic solvents.


An optimized method of accurately extracting the arbitrary unknown and unequal phase steps in phase-shifting interferometry is proposed. The approximate phase steps are first calculated based on the statistical nature of the diffraction field, and the mutated adaptive quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization is used to further extract the arbitrary unknown and unequal phase steps. We improve the mutated adaptive quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization by adding mutation operator with Gaussian probability distribution, thereby increasing the population diversity. The developed method here is fast, highly accurate, and can effectively overcomes the "sawtooth-solution phenomenon" often encountered in traditional direct search approach. We demonstrate the speed and quality of the solution by measuring the transmissive object with the four-step phase-shifting interference method, as is verified by both the computer simulations and optical experiments.


DESPITE the extensive re-writing of Perry's 1951 Sather Lectures and a large added body of valuable notes their general principle and the theory of the Romance resulting from it remain simple, namely, that literary works must not be treated like biological specimens capable of spontaneous evolution from form to form. Each is the unique production of a writer's purpose, consciously willed, and it is in this area not in the re-shuffling of depersonalized literary forms that a research for origins must proceed. Ask why, not how. The Romances exhibit a bewildering variety of ingredients—love-story, adventure, myth, history, science, religion—and the problem has seemed to be that of deciding which ingredient was the originating nucleus and how it generated the next stage in the series. Perry starts by dismissing all this summarily ('Rohde devoted, irrelevantly, some 275 pages of his great book to what he called Vorlmtfer . . . without realizing the futility of it'). He attacks at length Aristotle who, alloyed with nineteenth-century biological assumptions, supplied the basically misleading evolutionary theory behind all such speculation, and insists that we examine the circumstance and intention of the individual writer, since (with Croce) 'every piece of literature . . . is . . . a distinct literary form of its own' and created by him ad hoc.


Roasting is a process of frying coffee without oil using high temperatures which aims to speed up the process of frying coffee beans. The coffee roasting process aims to form the taste and aroma of the coffee beans. The coffee roasting equipment used in this study was a horizontal cylinder type coffee roaster with a capacity of 2 kg. This machine rotates with an electric dynamo. It has a cylindrical tube with a length of 27.5 cm and the heat comes from an LPG (Liquefied petroleum gas) stove. The purpose of this research is to test the performance of coffee roasting equipment. The data that needs to be measured from this coffee roasting tool is the need for electrical power used, roasting capacity and the change in color of the coffee when it is roasted. The electric power used is 12 volts 15 amperes. The results of the dark roast test at 200°c at 21 minutes. The maximum capacity of this horizontal cylinder type roasting machine is 2 kilograms


Building the Next Ark: How NGOs Work to Protect Biodiversity. By Michael M. Gunter Jr. Hanover: Dartmouth College Press/University Press of New England, 2004. 276 pp., $26.00 (ISBN: 1-58465-383-3).

Michael Gunter's Building the Next Ark: How NGOs Work to Protect Biodiversity is a well-presented volume that represents a substantial and timely contribution to the literatures on international organizations, political sociology, and environmental studies. Given the quality of the critical thinking exercise undertaken by Gunter, Building the Next Ark will be useful in many ways to a variety of readers. For example, regardless of their issue area, the managers and staff of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) will find it particularly worthwhile to reflect upon Gunter's analyses of the tactics, operations, and effectiveness of the 11 US-based environmental groups on which he focuses: Biodiversity Action Network; Conservation International, Defenders of Wildlife; Earthjustice Legal Defense Fund (formerly the Sierra Club Legal Defense Fund); Earthwatch Institute; Environmental Defense (formerly Environmental Defense Fund); The Nature Conservancy; The Ocean Conservancy (formerly the Center for Marine Conservation); Sierra Club; World Resources Institute; and World Wildlife Fund. Policymakers, in turn, will get a glimpse at the inner workings of these NGOs and will be able to reflect upon their own responses to them. Students, teachers, and scholars interested in NGOs and civil society will find emerging theoretical frameworks that are developed in a clear, concise, if admittedly sometimes idiosyncratic, manner. Thus, Building the Next Ark even merits consideration as a textbook in …


In 2017, 5276 people committed suicide in Poland, while suicide attempts were reported by at least 50-75 thousand people in Poland. Mourning for a close deceased each year affects 100,000 members of our society. Suicidal behavior causes numerous changes in the functioning of families. A significant part of these changes brings conflicts and deconstruction of families. This is confirmed by research conducted among 146 students of Poznan universities who have experienced suicide of a family member.


A correlation between the metallicity, [M/H], and rest-frame Mg II equivalent width, W λ2796 r , is found from 49 damped Lyα absorbers (DLAs) and strong sub-DLAs drawn from the literature over the redshift range 0.2 0.7 A, the correlation remains at >3σ significance. Since the Mg II λ2796 transition is predominantly saturated in DLAs (which always have W λ2796 r greater than 0.3 A), W λ2796 r


A unified description is presented of the physical observables and thermodynamic variables associated with black hole solutions in generic 2-D dilaton gravity. The Dirac quantization of these theories is reviewed and an intriguing relationship between the entropy of the black hole and the WKB phase of the corresponding physical wave functionals is revealed.


Phytoplankton size classes were derived from weekly-averaged MODIS Aqua chlorophyll a data over the southwest Indian Ocean in order to assess changes in surface phytoplankton community structure within a cyclonic eddy as it propagated across the Mozambique Basin in 2013. Satellite altimetry was used to identify and track the southwesterly movement of the eddy from its origin off Madagascar in mid-June until mid-October, when it eventually merged with the Agulhas Current along the east coast of South Africa. Nano- and picophytoplankton comprised most of the community in the early phase of the eddy development in June, but nanophytoplankton then dominated in austral winter (July and August). Microphytoplankton was entrained into the eddy by horizontal advection from the southern Madagascar shelf, increasing the proportion of microphytoplankton to 23% when the chlorophyll a levels reached a peak of 0.36 mg·m−3 in the third week of July. Chlorophyll a levels declined to <0.2 mg·m−3 in austral spring (September and October) as the eddy propagated further to the southwest. Picophytoplankton dominated the community during the spring period, accounting for >50% of the population. As far as is known, this is the first study to investigate temporal changes in chlorophyll a and community structure in a cyclonic eddy propagating across an ocean basin in the southwest Indian Ocean.


The main purpose of the present study is to inform on the central facts and issues taken into consideration, particularly in Portugal, when developing, presenting and debating the latest orthographic agreement proposed to the (officially) Portuguese-speaking countries. Notwithstanding the simultaneous politicaleconomic and symbolic-heritage dimensions, this paper will focus on a "technical" analysis of the main changes proposed in the document, examining the underlying principles implemented and the consistency and coherence with which they are applied. Our analysis takes into account the principle that the historical origin of spoken forms should take precedence over the ambit of the written code, while also bearing in mind the possibility that spelling may eventually exert an influence on the "quality" of oral production. It adduces data that are pertinent to a discussion of possible interference from these factors in the configuration of the Portuguese language, especially on phonetic and phonological levels. Changes regarding the (non)-conservation of etymological spellings in consonant clusters constitute one of the areas in which such considerations raised the most questions. However, the article asks how effective the Agreement has been as an instrument favouring the unification process. The admission of alternative spellings implies recognition of the pertinence of phonetic criteria to spelling rules, thereby inviting a reappraisal of the latter's status and tending to undermine the document's effectiveness as a move towards unification.


Retrospective analysis of clinical data was conducted in the patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism(SHPT)undergone parathyroidectomy(PTX)in our department from September 2015 to September 2016. Uni- and multivariate analyses were conducted to define independent influencing factors for persistent severe hypocalcemia. The results showed that 27 cases(31%)suffered from persistent severe hypocalcemia in a total of 87 patients. Univariate analysis revealed that age, weight, hospitalization time after operation, the year of increased serum creatinine, preoperative alkaline phosphatase(ALP), preoperative intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH), preoperative albumin, postoperative 1 d serum calcium and phosphorus level, renal hypertension, and degeneration of bone were risk factors of persistent severe hypocalcemia. Multivariate analysis revealed that the year of increased serum creatinine, preoperative ALP, and preoperative albumin were the independent influence factors for persistent severe hypocalcemia. (Chin J Endocrinol Metab, 2018, 34: 57-60)

Key words:
Persistent severe hypocalcemia; Secondary hyperparathyroidism; Parathyroidectomy


In this study we investigated whether regulatory emotional self-efficacy beliefs (RESE) indirectly predict turnover intentions (TI) through organizational socialization (OS) and organizational identification (OI). Three waves of data (1-year lag) were collected on a representative sample of 890 military newcomers belonging to two different cohorts. We tested our hypotheses using a multigroup autoregressive cross-lagged panel model (MG-ACLP) and results fully confirmed the posited theoretical model. Regulatory emotional self-efficacy beliefs reduced intentions to quit indirectly, via organizational socialization and identification. The present study contributes to fill several literature gaps by offering a complete picture of the socialization process. Moreover, it offers insights about how to support the military newcomers' work adjustment and retention by fostering and developing their regulatory emotional self-efficacy beliefs. Limitations as well as directions for future research are discussed.


113 Background: Surgery has been the standard treatment for operable squamous esophageal cancer. However, radiation therapy/chemoradiotherapy (RT/CRT) or endoscopic resection (ER) could be an alternative treatment option for stage 0-IA (TNM 7th edition) squamous esophageal cancer, because these treatments are less invasive and can preserve the organ. To evaluate the efficacy of surgery, RT/CRT and EC for stage 0-1A squamous esophageal cancer in clinical practice, we reviewed our experience.

METHODS
From March 2007 to December 2010, 92 patients with stage 0-IA squamous esophageal cancer were treated in our institute. Overall survival, relapse-free survival, and relapse pattern were evaluated according to the initial treatment modality.

RESULTS
Of 92 patients (pts), 76 were male and 16 were women. Median age was 65.5 years old. Tis/T1a/T1b:4/36/52. Median follow up time was 29.1(4.7-55.5) months. As an initial treatment, 9 pts received surgery, 27 pts received RT/CRT and 56 pts received ER. Among the pts underwent ER, one patient underwent esophagectomy and 13 pts were received CRT based on the pathological evaluation for the risk of the lymph node metastasis. Two-year relapse free survival and overall survival of surgery, RT/CRT and ER was 77.8%/100%, 68.6%/100% and 89.8%/95.7%, respectively. After completion of initial therapy, local failures (residual or recurrent disease), regional lymph node relapse and distant metastasis and 1 undetermined relapse were observed in 6, 3 and 5 pts, respectively. Eight out of the 15 pts with recurrence could be disease free after salvage therapy. While 4 pts died during the follow up period, all pts died from other diseases and no pts died from esophageal cancer. Overall esophageal preservation rate was 89.1% (82/92).

CONCLUSIONS
Although longer follow-up was needed, this study showed that non-surgical treatments (RT/CRT or ER) for stage 0-1A squamous esophageal cancer could be an alternative treatment option and could provide a chance of organ preservation. [Table: see text].


We studied the role of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROls) in experimental liver metastasis induced in mice by the inoculation of COLON 26‐M5 murine colon cancer cells, a highly metastatic variant of COLON 26 cells, and the effect of ROIs on the invasive capacity of the cells in an in vitro chemo‐invasion assay model using reconstituted basement membrane matrigel. We also measured the release of ROIs from cells using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry. Hydroxyl radicals (.OH) were constitutively released from the cells. This release was augmented by pre‐treatment with phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA). In experimental liver metastasis in CDF1 mice, the administration of recombinant human superoxide dismu‐tase (r‐hSOD) significantly increased the number of metastatic nodules, while administration of catalase significantly inhibited metastasis formation. In vitro pre‐treatment of cells with PMA significantly increased the number of metastatic nodules. Invasive capacity of the cells was markedly augmented by pre‐treatment with PMA. PMA‐induced augmentation was significantly inhibited by the simultaneous addition of r‐hSOD to the assay. Catalase had no significant effect. Our findings suggest that ROIs play an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis, and that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) may contribute to the retention or extravasation of circulating tumor cells. Furthermore, the superoxide anion (O2 ‐) released by tumor cells may play an important role in basement membrane degradation.


In this paper, a practical method to establish Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind farm equivalent model for switching transient analysis is demonstrated. In order to verify this method, a 3.6MW equivalent wind farm model is built. The steady state results and load switching results are verified with those of detailed models of four 0.9MW generators. Using this method, a model of 40MW wind farm, representing the capacity for a proposed South Carolina offshore wind farm is established. To study large wind farm switching transient impacts on a system, different switching operations such as cable energizing and three phase faults at different locations in wind farm are investigated and their impact on system are analysed. Finally, conclusions based on the switching cases are presented.


The authors have correlated PSA and Gleason score with lymph node involvement in prostatic cancer. The aim of this work is to evaluate the indications for laparoscopic lymphadenectomy in patients with prostatic cancer in clinical stage A - B - C. Results showed that for high PSA values (> 30 ng/ml) and Gleason score (> 7), there was a significant rate of lymph node metastasis. The authors therefore believe that the gold standard for detecting neoplastic involvement in these selected cases could be laparoscopic lymphadenectomy.


This study assessed leadership styles of Tamale Polytechnic staff by gender. Key issues in this study included leadership styles being practiced by both male and female staff and how those leadership styles relate to staff efficient performance and productivity. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The study used purposive and stratified random sampling techniques for selection of respondents with questionnaire as the research instrument. It is found that gender determines staff leadership styles. The study revealed that although both male and female staff practiced transformational leadership characteristics than transactional behavioural trait the female staff slightly dominated their male counterparts in the practice of transformational leadership styles whilst the male staff also exceeded the female staff in the practice of transactional leadership styles. The study concluded that behavioural traits of transformational leadership styles promoted staff efficiency and productivity than transactional leadership styles. The study recommended that the Polytechnic authority should encourage the practice of transformational leadership characteristics among its staff to ensure efficient performance and productivity.


The invention relates to a preparation method and application of an acidic mordant black T-barium sulfate adsorption material. The acidic mordant black T-barium sulfate adsorption material is darkbrown and compounded by a framework made from barium sulfate, barium chloride or barium nitrate and acidic mordant black T serving as a clathration material; the preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing barium salt (such as barium chloride, barium nitrate and the like) and sulfuric acid or sulfate in aqueous solution for reaction; depositing and separating to prepare an acidic mordant black T-barium sulfate compound material; and adding 0.2 to 2 percent of the material serving as a heavy metal absorption agent into heavy metal waste water, so that the acidic mordant black T-barium sulfate compound material has a good heavy metal absorption function. By using the acidic mordant black T, an organic and inorganic hybrid material with the heavy metal absorption function can be prepared; and the organic and inorganic hybrid material has the advantages that: the price of the raw materials is low, the preparation method is simple, the absorption speed is high, the adsorption capacity is high, various types of heavy metal can be absorbed and the like. The acidic mordant black T-barium sulfate adsorption material can be widely applied to treatment of heavy metal pollution and dye waste water.


Hydrocarbon reservoirs commonly possess a geometry which incorporates both dip and faulting. In order to distinguish depth variations due to these two effects, it is useful to specify a simulation cell through the positions of its eight corner points. The faces of such a cell may be bilinear surfaces, and may form part of a distorted grid. Such a grid may be chosen such that cell boundaries lie along faults, which may be vertical or sloping. Normal and fault connections may be treated on an equivalent basis. A system of 'coordinate lines' and corner point depths used to construct such a model is described. An exact analytic expression is obtained for the cell volume. Transmissibility values are calculated in terms of three-vector mutual interface areas, which automatically incorporate corrections for dip and inclined flow. The application of calculated transmissibilities to a simple five point model can lead to an inconsistent finite difference scheme, and to significant errors if the grid is highly distorted. A method of avoiding such errors is presented, which more accurately reflects the interaction between pressures and cell geometry to produce flows. This is derived from basic finite element type principles, and results are presented for test cases, comparing the corrected scheme with a simple five point model.


Based on a case study of Tanzania, this paper analyzes the effects of the international response to HIV/AIDS on nutrition security policies. Because of its interactions with nutritional issues and its relatively abundant resource endowment, HIV/AIDS is at the heart of nutrition security policies in Tanzania. Recent scientific insights on the interrelations between HIV and nutrition open up a policy window for the struggle against nutrition insecurity by suggesting a closer integration of the policies formulated in both domains. In an asymmetrical negotiation process, nutrition players reformulate their activities according to the requirements of the struggle against HIV/AIDS. While this struggle makes long-awaited resources available for nutrition policies, it places nutrition players in a subordinate position : the policy field of HIV/AIDS expands well into that of nutrition, considerably influencing the responses to nutrition insecurity.This is the English draft version of the French paper: Hunsmann, M. (2010) Sida et securite nutritionnelle en Tanzanie: des affinites electives, Politique Africaine, n° 119, 63-86.


Water-ground Phlogopite mica (Kemira Siilinjarvi phlogopite) has been evaluated as a reinforcing filler in polypropylene. The major factors which influence the composite strength and modulus include the size, aspect ratio, and uniformity of the mica flakes. Aqueous delamination permits the production of very small flakes (less than 44 microns diameter) with aspect ratios near 50. Such small flakes impart greater tensile and modulus values to polypropylene than larger flakes and the former can also be reprocessed many times without any deterioration of properties. Surface treatment is necessary for adequate dispersion and coupling, particularly with the finely divided mica fillers. Other properties such as the heat-distortion temperature, fracture toughness, and gas permeability are also influenced by the mean size and aspect ratio of the mica filler. Guidelines are presented to indicate the preferred characteristics of mica fillers for optimum performance.


We explicitly calculate the connectivity in the percolation problem defined by the Coniglio-Klein mapping of the Ising model on the Bethe lattice. We study the relation between thermal correlations and connectivity in the (T,H) region where the system is metastable, with the aim of interpreting the mean-field spinodal line with a percolation line of the same sort. We find that the extension of the mapping to the metastable region is characterized by a nontrivial feature, i.e., the simultaneous presence of two infinite percolating clusters of opposite spin. This feature destroys the usual equivalence between correlation and connectivity. A different relation between thermal and percolative quantities, which reduces to the know relation in the stable region, can be obtained if the cross correlation between the two infinite clusters is taken into account. @S1063-651X~98!09303-9#


The scaling of the transition temperature into an ordered phase close to a quantum critical point as well as the order parameter fluctuations inside the quantum critical region provide valuable information about universal properties of the underlying quantum critical point. Here, we employ quantum Monte Carlo simulations to examine these relations in detail for two-dimensional quantum systems that exhibit a finite-temperature Ising-transition line in the vicinity of a quantum critical point that belongs to the universality class of either (i) the three-dimensional Ising model for the case of the quantum Ising model in a transverse magnetic field on the square lattice or (ii) the ${\it chiral}$ Ising transition for the case of a half-filled system of spinless fermions on the honeycomb lattice with nearest-neighbor repulsion. While the first case allows large-scale simulations to assess the scaling predictions to a high precision in terms of the known values for the critical exponents at the quantum critical point, for the later case we extract values of the critical exponents $\nu$ and $\eta$, related to the order parameter fluctuations, which we discuss in relation to other recent estimates from ground state quantum Monte Carlo calculations as well as analytical approaches.


Microinvasive carcinoma of the breast is a controversial entity for a number of reasons. First, the identification of areas of microinvasion is often problematic for the pathologist. Second, varying definitions for this lesion have been used by different authors. Third, studies of microinvasive carcinoma have been limited by small patient numbers. As a consequence, there are differences of opinion regarding both the clinical significance of microinvasion and the management of patients with this lesion. The purpose of this article is to review the controversies surrounding microinvasive carcinoma of the breast.


This paper analyzes the relationships between the character of supervisor board and the quality of information disclosure(QID).Based on evaluation reports' results of QID of Shen-Zhen Stock Exchang and related panel data of 3246 samples(2002-2007),we find the supervisor board which is the important part of corporate governance hasn't played an important role in improving QID.


Summary: The word 'popularization' first appeared in France in the nineteenth century, together with a host of new journals, magazines, books and series which attempted to 'place science within everyone's reach'. By considering the main features of this massive entry of science into the media world, this article attempts to show how a public was created for it. The idea of the necessity of scientific popularization is questioned through an historical perspective, by showing that it was derived from a combination of local circumstances and initiatives undertaken in the nineteenth century.


Our preliminary orbital parameters for DF Tau, T Tau Sa-Sb, ZZ Tau and the Pleaides binary are presented in the paper Orbital Motion in Pre-Main Sequence Binaries by G.H. Schaefer, L. Prato, M. Simon, & J. Patience (2013, in prep. for AJ). In the few pages available here I present an overview of our motivation for this work and of our results. The slides and complete references for my talk at the Leuven conference are available at www.astro.sunysb.edu/msimon/public.


This article presents the methods and outcomes of a semester-long course in hypermedia authoring and instructional strategies for preservice teachers. Participants were required to learn a hypermedia authoring program and work in cooperative learning groups to produce a hypermedia software product for use with children with special needs. Data were collected from process logs; semi-structured, open-ended interviews; questionnaires; and pretest and posttest measures of computer anxiety. During the development of their projects, participants spent nearly an equal amount of time planning their software as they did in the mechanics of producing the software. Posttest findings revealed that participants showed a decrease in computer anxiety through their involvement in the course, and the lowest levels of anxiety were associated with graduate rank and prior teaching experience. Following the course, participants expressed confidence in their abilities to author hypermedia software and an interest in future involvement in hypermedia authoring as teachers.


The LINRA Sunray Crease-evaluator is a photoelectric instrument for measuring the creases retained in a fabric subjected to the LINRA Sunray test. The result is expressed as the equivalent angle of the crease in a matt surface that would have the same appearance as the specimen when viewed from above and illuminated by light at an angle of 20° to the horizontal. This equivalent angle of a matt surface is virtually the same as the actual angle for most fabrics.


Significant changes in the world population demand interior design approach to be more usable and accessible for all people. However, the lack of awareness and misinterpretation on the "real user" during interior design process discourage the integration of Universal design (UD) in the built environment. For that reason, this study employed literature survey to identify how UD principles could support diverse users in the built environment. Then, we recognize how UD can be employed in the interior design process to meet this purpose. The results of this study contribute in recommending the integration of UD as a green interior design approach for accommodating diverse user in the Malaysian built environment.


Many scholars consider that Socrates in the Lysis holds that friendship and love are egoistic and utility-based. In this paper, I will argue against those readings of Plato's Lysis. I will analyze how Socrates treats utility and egoism in the many different kinds of friendship he discusses in the dialogue, from parental love, like-to-like, and unlike-to-unlike relationships, to the accounts of friendship rooted in the human relation to the good and the ways in which we can belong with some other human beings. The upshot of my paper is twofold. I endeavor to prove that some of these relationships, as Plato's Socrates discusses them, are not egoistic and that Plato represents and valorizes a particular type of friendship having to do with philosophy and philosophical way of life, which is for the sake of another.


http://www.jtraumainj.org eISSN 2287-1683 pISSN 1738-8767 Copyright © 2019 The Korean Society of Trauma This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Successful removal of a foreign Body in the Spleen via diaphragm laceration Site by Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery


The article makes a comparative analysis of methods and means of monitoring security in computer systems and networks. Threats and security risks in modern computer systems and networks are considered. And also in the article the classification according to the principle of construction and area of application of modern software and hardware monitoring and safety analysis.


Interest in the effects on businesses that have implemented Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) technologies has been growing. And, as the federal and state governments have begun to realize, without proof of the advantages inherent in these technologies transportation companies have been reluctant to acquire them. In response to this interest, the Center for Transportation and Land Policy in The Institute of Public Policy at George Mason University designed a project to measure the effects of an ITS technology shortly after it had been developed and implemented by a courier company. The report of the study details the effectiveness of the technology and the software development process. The report includes descriptions of the development process, the software product, and the methodology devised to measure the productivity factor and the results of surveying drivers and dispatchers before and after implementation.


The location accuracy, access to spacecraft, uplink margin, and interference problems of the COSPAS-SARSAT system are reviewed. Over 90% of positions are accurate to within 5 km, in local mode, slightly worse in global mode. The random access parameters of SARSAT provide for the location of up to 90 beacons with a uniform distribution in the satellite visibility circle (2600 km radius). The ratio of messages correctly processed on board to messages transmitted to the satellite is 0.8, increasing as number of beacons decreases. Interference, particularly over western Europe and the United States degrades performance, but sources can be located.


A hot-rolled ferritic stainless-steel plate and a steel strip which are excellent in terms of toughness and corrosion resistance, each characterized by having a given composition, a Charpy impact strength at 0oC of 10 J/cm2 or greater, and a plate thickness of 5.0-9.0 mm.


Limiting dis-stress experienced by assisted therapy, crisis response, and combat comfort dogs is a concern of handlers, organizations, and researchers. Dogs communicate feelings via body language especially muzzle expressions and physical behaviors that people and other animals recognize. Projection of dis-stress by dogs negatively impacts therapeutic interactions, distracting and detracting from beneficial flow of feelings. Dog welfare is risked. Behan's Natural Dog Training ("NDT") …


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of organizational capabilities on the financial performance of insurance in Kenya.
Methodology: The paper employed desktop methodology, which involved review of existing literature relating to the study topic. The design involves a review of existing studies relating to the research topic.
Results: Based on past literature the study concluded that government ownership had a negative relationship with asset quality, earnings quality and management efficiency indicating laxity in prudent credit management practices and also inefficiency of operations and poor returns. Institutional ownership on the other hand showed a positive relationship with most of the parameters with an exception of some commercial banks. This means that governance capability enhances organizational performance. Further, lack of knowledge of financial management leads organizations to serious problems regarding financial performances. The study found out that financial innovations influence organizational financial performance a very great extent. The results revealed that the relationship between innovation capabilities; innovation efforts and firm performance are significant and strong. Human resource capability is valuable, rare, irreplaceable, and difficult to imitate; therefore, it is crucial for creating sustainable competitive advantages. Human resource capability can be appropriately used to improve the performance of an organization. The study findings further showed that government does not have a role in shaping the entrepreneurial spirit, because the entrepreneurial spirit has been formed in their environment and such acts are hereditary. In addition, the study concluded that market share has a significant effect on Annual Profit, Return on Assets and Net Profit Margin. It means that greater the market share, greater the profitability of the firm.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the findings, the study recommended that insurance firms should capitalize on their capabilities and this will enhance their financial performance. The study further recommended the need for insurance firms to adopt effective financial management practices and this will lead to improved financial performance. As such, insurance firms should adopt the use of modern technology and this will improve their performance. Insurance firms should develop a culture of adhering to the guiding rules and regulations as stipulated in the regulations Act.


The main challenge for the hardware implementation of spiking neural networks is the design of a reliable neuron. Soma, which is the nucleus of the neuron, is a key part of such a design. More precisely, the soma design must accurately capture the excitatory/inhibitory interactions, intrinsic charge dynamics, refractory period, spike encoding, neuronal action potential, and output spike firing processes in order to mimic the corresponding biological processes. This work presents the design of an artificial soma cell with excitatory and inhibitory inputs, called <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\upalpha$</tex-math></inline-formula>-Soma. The key idea is to design and employ a new interconnect cell, named <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\upalpha$</tex-math></inline-formula>-cell, and integrate this cell within the proposed soma cell design. The design implementation utilizes the Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) logic circuit technology. We demonstrate the correct functionality, high performance, and energy efficiency of the proposed <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\upalpha$</tex-math></inline-formula>-Soma cell with detailed circuit simulations under different spiking conditions.


A 28-year-old man presented with a chief complaint of rashes all over his body. He had a history of a trip to Langkawi Island, a famous island resort off the west coast of Malaysia, over the Chinese New Year's weekend. According to him, he had a lot of fun with a group of friends at the sunny beach and the beautiful sea. There were no untoward incidents and they were perfectly well when they returned home after a 2-day trip. On the evening of the second day after his return, he noticed rashes appearing over his body, notably on shoulders and trunk. These rashes were little painful in nature.


The study was conducted in a typical coal mining industrial area Honggu coal mining area in Lanzhou,Loess Plateau.Studied the heavy metal pollution caused by the coal mining spoils long-piled in the mining area to the coal mining soil.According to the character of geology and topography,the route of selecting sample was set down,the soil samples were collected from different coal mining region with a variety of mining history.The samples were digested with HCl-HNO3-HF-HClO4 digesting method,and the concentration of heavy metals were analyzed by atom absorption spectrometry and the data were handed by SPSS12.0.The results show that coal mining spoils contributed heavy metal pollution of the coal mining soil and heavy metals accumulation is caused by coal mining spoils piled up,catamorphism and eluvium.The concentration of heavy metals shows trend rise with pile up the time in the wake the coal mining spoil increase,Cd,Pb,Zn show strong migratory.But the concentration of the different heavy metal is difference in coal mining soil.It also illustrates that the heavy metal can be cumulated and migrated.Therefor,we can see that coal mining activites contribute to heavy metal pollution of this area.


Studies with caged adults of Ips typographus during the period autumn 1982‐spring 1985 revealed that none of 2212 parent beetles which oviposited in 1983 survived a second hibernation (1983–1984). In a repetition experiment one male specimen of 359 parent beetles survived a second hibernation (1984–1985).


Traditional encryption techniques are just converting the readable images into some unreadable format i.e. cipher text format. This encrypted cipher text can be very conveniently transmitted over the network, but anyone who gets the key can easily get the secret encrypted message from cipher text. But the new Secret sharing scheme is a process of sharing and transmitting the images over the network. But the major drawback over here is that transmitting images over network pulls attackers attention as the images are in noise like format. In the recent study, many researchers tried to make the VSS system more secure. This paper presents the survey of the studies done earlier and thereby analyses the drawbacks and proposed a new technique considering VSS.


The principal requirements for employing natural minerals as buffer and backfill material in high-level waste (HLW) repositories are high sorptive properties, low water permeability, relatively high thermal conductivity, and thermostability. The major task of the buffer is to prevent the penetration of radionuclides into groundwater. The authors of this report examined weathered basic rocks from three regions of Russia in consideration as a suitable radioactive waste barrier.


An inverted red quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) with peak brightness of 75 444 cd m−2 was achieved by all solution-processing, thanks to the enhanced coverage of uniform hydrophilic poly(ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) hole injection layer (HIL) film on hydrophobic hole transport layer (HTL), which was enabled by doping PEDOT:PSS with non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100.


The experimental results in developing a predictive model using the decision support system algorithm for identifying the mental health condition of university students are presented in this paper. The predictive models aim to specify a probabilistic model that will provide a good fit to data testing that estimates the model's parameters. The model was trained to utilize a data science software platform that provides an integrated environment for predictive analytics. The model's mental health prediction accuracy for depression is 59.14%, 56.67% for anxiety, and 63.70% for stress. The results of the model were encouraging; nevertheless, training data must be enhanced in terms of sample selection, and more advanced computational specifications should be explored in order to experiment more and for faster training.


Chemical and structural characterizations of natural phosphates of Hahotoe (Togo) have been performed. From chemical analysis and FTIR study, it can be concluded that the material is carbonated fluoroapatite with poor substitution of calcium by cadmium and manganese. From these results, the molecular formula proposed is: Ca 9.925 Cd 0.004 Mn 0.013 [(PO 4 ) 5.886 (CO 3 ) 0.113 ]F 2 . Powder X-ray diffraction fitting results confirm that compound belongs to the apatite family crystallising in the hexagonal system, space group P6 3 /m. The cell parameters are: a = 9.3547(5) A; c = 6.8929(4) A. KEY WORDS: N atural phosphate, Fluoroapatite, Infrared, X-Ray diffraction, Rietveld structure refinement Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2003 , 17(2), 139-146.


Gas Separation and Recovery of SF6 from SF6/N2 Gas Mixtures using Polymer Membrane Osamu Yamamoto, Member (Kyoto University), Kuniharu Hashimoto, Member (KEPCO), Tadasu Takuma, Member (Kyoto University), Toshio Sonoda, Member (KEPCO), Akira Kawamura, Member (Kyoto University), Yuuichi Katoh, Member (KEPCO), Masayuki Kinouchi, Non-member (Ube Ind. Ltd.) SF6 gas recovery is considered one of the most serious issues when we utilize a gas mixture at low SF6 content as an insulating medium for electric power apparatus. Liquefaction recovery is difficult to apply due to the increased recovery loss when SF6 content becomes low. We have examined a method using membrane separator, which utilizes the difference in permeation rate of component gases. This paper reports experimental results on concentration of SF6 in the recovered gas, recovery loss, and so on, for gas mixtures composed of SF6 and N2. It describes the effect of various parameters, such as gas flow, temperature, mixing ratio and gas pressure. The paper also discusses limits of allowable recovery loss and recovery speed when the method is applied into practice. The experimental results show the effectiveness of this method for SF6 gas separation and recovery from gas mixtures with low SF6 contents.


China's economic development will be an extraordinary period and corporate profits will have a period of rapid growth on the background of RMB revaluation.we use three-phase model to assess China's listed companies and analyze the results and the model.


In this study, perforated rubber mats (PRM), concrete floor bedded with long wheat straw (CLS and concrete floor bedded with wheat straw (CS) were compared as flooring types for dairy calves. Growth, feed efficiency ratio, gains in body measurements, some behavioural activities as well as faecal scores, bedding scores and calf's cleanliness scores of the dairy calves were evaluated for 6 months. Overall growth rate differed significantly due to types of floor, and total weight gains of the dairy calves in PRM group was 7.0% and 16.0% higher than those of calves in CLS and CS groups respectively. However, differences with regard to the amount of dry matter of milk, concentrate as well as total dry matter of the feeds consumed per kg of weight gain during pre-weaning and post-weaning periods among the PRM, CS and CLS groups were not statistically significant. When, gains in linear body measurements were evaluated, total gains in height at withers, body length, chest depth and heart girth of the calves in PRM group were superior to those in CLS and CS groups. The calves in PRM group had high growth rate along with high percentage of time spent for lying behaviour which is one the most significant activities among the behaviours of the calves. The calves kept on PRM group exhibited 52.6% and 45.5% higher percentage of time spent for lying behaviour than those in CS and CLS groups respectively. Data regarding the bedding scores and calf's cleanliness scores also revealed that the PRM flooring was the cleanest and driest one compared to the other flooring types, and the calves in the PRM group were cleaner than those in CLS and CS groups. Calves in PRM group exhibited significantly (P<0.01) lover faecal consistency scores than those in CLS and CS groups. In conclusion, based upon growth rate, feed efficiency ratio, behavioural parameters as well as the bedding scores, calf's cleanliness scores and faecal consistency scores, PRM is preferable to CLS and CS floorings for individual dairy calves' pens.


Protein kinases regulate intracellular signal-trans-duction pathway mediating cell proliferation, differ-entiation and survival [1]. Protein kinase family isone of the most frequently mutated gene familyfound in human cancers and thus are potentialtherapeutic targets for human cancers [1]. Neuro-trophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 3 (NTRK3),also referred to as TrkC, is a receptor tyrosine kinaseand plays an important role in the development ofneural tissues [2]. NTRK3 expression is not re-stricted to neural tissues, and various types of tissues,including the gastrointestinal epithelia (stomach,small intestine and colon), have also been shown toexpress NTRK3 [3]. These data suggest a role ofNTRK3 in the growth and maintenance of thegastrointestinal cells.Recently, Bardelli et al. [4] analyzed 138 tyrosinekinase genes in 147 colorectal cancer tissues for thedetection of the somatic mutations. They identified46 mutations in 14 genes. Of those, seven genes(NTRK3,FES,KDR,EPHA3,NTRK2, MLK4andGUCY2F) were mutated in more than one tumor.NTRK3 gene mutations were found in six (4.1%) ofthe 147 colorectal cancers. Of note, the NTRKmutations were exclusively identified in the kinasedomain. Because NTRK3 is expressed in gastricepithelium as well as in colorectal epithelium [3], wehypothesized that gastric carcinomas might alsoharbor NTRK3 mutation. To see whether alterationof NTRK3 gene is involved in the tumorigenesis ofgastric carcinoma, we analyzed NTRK3 gene for thedetection of somatic mutations in gastric carcinomasby polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based singlestrand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) assay.We analyzed methacarn-fixed tissues of 140 gas-tric carcinomas. All of the patients of the cancerswere Asians (Koreans). The gastric carcinomasconsisted of 60 diffuse-type, 49 intestinal-type and31 mixed-type gastric adenocarcinomas by Lauren'sclassification, and 25 early and 115 advanced gastriccarcinomas according to the depth of invasion.Malignant cells and normal cells from the samepatients were selectively procured from hematoxylinand eosin-stained slides using a 30G1/2 hypodermicneedle (Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ)affixed to a micromanipulator, as described pre-viously [5]. DNA extraction was performed by amodified single-step DNA extraction method [5].Because NTRK3 mutations were previously de-tected only in the exons 15


ABSTRACT Lotus eremiticus is an endemic species from La Palma World Biosphere Reserve. It has a small distribution range, low population size, and is threatened by introduced herbivores. Since these threats have not been removed from the protected area, they were excluded by building a fence. The land where the species grows is private property, so an agreement with the landowner was reached to permit measures to favor its recovery. During 2008–2019, as a result of this agreement and the conservation efforts, a large population increase occurred, from the initial 5 individuals to the 30 plants that are currently distributed at the original site. Furthermore, these measures allow the species to maintain stable population dynamics, meaning that this endangered species is itself capable of recovery if the threat is removed. This is a good example of how land stewardship is an effective tool to conserve endangered species.


One of the ceramic products is ceramic cutting edges and these are used as cutting tools for fabrication of metal products (ferrous and non ferrous metals) at very high speeds. These cutting tools can mainly be classified silicon nitride, alumina, mixed-ceramics, titanium carbonitride, cubic boron nitride and hard ceramic particle reinforced metals. Ceramic cutting tools offer a high productivity because of their superior hardness, fracture toughness and resistance of elevated temperature which allows higher cutting speeds. In addition to these, resistance to chemical attacks is important in selection of cutting tool materials. In this research, high dense Si3N4 ceramic parts were fabricated, and cutting performance of the produced α/β Si3N4 ceramics were investigated. The microstructure analyses were carried out by SEM and optical microscopy.


This study considers the problem of adaptive feedback controller design for output stabilization of dissipative (generalized) Hamiltonian systems with unstructured dynamic. This class of models enable one to exploit the dissipative-conservative structure of generalized Hamiltonian systems for feedback control design while relaxing the burden of deriving an exact structured model representation. Assuming that the overall system is stabilizable and observable, and under mild assumptions on the unstructured part of the dynamics, a stabilizing adaptive control law is designed to stabilize systems to the desired output of the system. To fulfill the design procedure, a full order nonlinear Luenberger observer is designed for unknown states measurements. Stability of the closed-loop system is then demonstrated using Lyapunov stability arguments. A numerical illustration of the proposed approach is presented to demonstrate the potential of the design method.


The objectives of this research are (1) to find out whether the use of episodic memory is effective to improve the writing ability of the fifth-semester students of English education department of Bosowa University Makassar and (2) to find out the component of writing that improves the students' writing the highest. The method applied in this research was true experiment design. It involved two groups design. That was experimental and control group. The subjects of this research were taken from two classes at fifth semester  A and B in 2014/2015 academic year. The sample consisted of 40 students. They were randomly formed. The data of this research was collected through writing test. The result of the research through students' writing test shows that the students' writing ability improved after treatment. It was supported by the rate of the mean score of writing which were observed in the students' posttest for the five components. The mean score of the experimental group was 71.89 which was higher than of the control group which was only 67.32 and the mean difference was 4.57. The content in the experimental group posttest were 83.50 while in the pretest only 67.50. The improvement of students' score in experimental for the content component was 16 point. It was the highest of all components of writing. It can be concluded that (1) The use of episodic memory is effective to improve the writing ability of the fifth-semester students of English Education Department of  Bosowa University Makassar; (2) The component of writing that improves the students' writing the highest is content. Keywords : Episodic memory, writing ability.


Using ground magnetometer data from several stations near the dip equator, the magnetically quiet-time characteristics of the daytime normal electrojet and the morning and afternoon counter-electrojets are established and illustrated. In particular, the solar cycle, seasonal, longitudinal and day-to-day variations of counter-electrojets as well as their dependence on lunar phase are studied. In order to investigate the influence of solar tidal winds in the production of counter-electrojets, the equatorial electric fields generated by such winds through the dynamo mechanism are calculated, using a numerical dynamo simulation model developed earlier at UCLA. From these calculations it is found that westward electric fields responsible for the afternoon counter-electrojets can be produced in the local summer solstice (when these events are most common) by a combination of the solar semidiurnal (2, 2) tide and the diurnal (1, -2) tide. An example from January 1964 is discussed to illustrate that afternoon counter-electrojet events occurring at all longitudes on the same day are likely to be associated with abnormalities in the global Sq or SR current system. It is suggested that the lunar semi-diurnal tide is a more important causative agent for the morning rather than the afternoon counter-electrojets.


Firstly,this paper summarizes the research of personalized knowledge recommendation based on tag and analyzes the limitations of exiting research,then proposes a personalized knowledge recommendation system architecture based on hybrid recommendation in tag system according the switching strategy and mixed strategy,finally discusses the related problems of tag-rate matrix,tag network and knowledge interactive social network.


The objective of this paper is to review the hygrothermal
environment effects on Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP)
composites. A brief summary of the hygrothermal phenomenon and its mechanisms of GFRP is followed by detailed review of hygrothermal effects on the GFRP. The review also includes the different hygrothermal aging tests Viz., cold soaking, boiling soaking, thermal shocks and use of
environmental chamber, procedures and significance. At the end, hygrothermal effects on the individual constituents of GFRP viz., fiber, matrix and the fiber-matrix interface, are discussed.


In the present study, the effect of moisture on the interlaminar fracture toughness of two woven fabric composite materials has been investigated. The composites used are made of a woven fabric 8H Satin glass fiber and 8H Satin carbon fiber. The matrix is a polyetherimide (PEI). The composites are used in aeronautical and aerospace applications. The interlaminar fracture behavior is analyzed using the mode I, double cantilever beam (DCB) test, and the mode II, end notched flexure (ENF), in order to determine the energy required for the initiation and growth of an artificial crack. The composites are subjected to a relative humidity (95%) and a constant temperature (70° C) in a climatic chamber for 30, 60, 120, and 180 days. The delamination energies are calculated using the corrected beam, Berry theories, and the experimental calibration method at the characteristic points. The result shows that the decrease in the fracture behavior is more important in the material CD342 8H Satin weave. The fracture mechanism was also analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy.


The paper shows a comparison of different braking technologies for freight trains
and their effects on in-train forces. At this aim, the UIC certified software TrainDy
is employed. Freight train sets, having one and two remote locomotives, are
investigated both as coupled trains and as fixed train compositions. There is also an
evaluation of the in-train forces of freight train sets equipped by electro-pneumatic
brakes and disk brakes. The case of two remote locomotives is further explored
showing the minor benefits of an ad hoc activation of drivers brake valve, compared
to the benefits of an optimized mass distribution, for train sets both coupled and
fixed.


Objective: To examine the effect of corn polysaccharide on cellular immunological and nonspecific immunological function in mice.Method:The doses of 0.026 7,0.267,0.8 g·kg-1 were given to mice by ig for 30 days.Delayed tvpe hypersensitivity,carbon clearance test,lymphocyte transformation test induced by ConA and macrophage phagocytosis of chicken red blood cell test were conducted separately.Result:Compared with the normal control group,corn polysaccharide could promote DTH and ability of carbon clearance,but had no effect on macrophage phagocytosis and lymphocyte transformation.Conclusion: Corn polysaccharide can promote the function of cellular immunity of mice,and also can strengthen the ability of carbon clearance in mice.