The models presented by Lu and Taur, (1), for lightly doped double gate and surround gate MOSFETs each require numerical solution of a transcendental equation. In this paper we present explicit, analytic solutions of these equations based on the Lambert function, (2). These solutions are shown to be accurate compared with exact numerical solutions. Quantum effect corrections to the current-voltage formulae are also included, and these are based on analytic solutions obtained for the density gradient model, (3).


This article examines the presence, direction, and magnitude of differences between proxy reports and self-reports of disability among adults aged fifteen to fifty-nine years and elderly individuals aged sixty years and older in Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in Uganda, South Africa, and Mali. We use the propensity score weighted multivariate logistic regression to balance the weighted distributions of the covariates between self-reports and proxy reports. Disabilities that have an immediate effect on the communication with others or that require one-to-one help are likely to be over-reported by proxies or under-reported if proxies are not used, especially among the elderly aged sixty years and older. Disabilities that are not observable might be under-reported by proxies.


The invention discloses a method and a device suitable for industrially producing back electrode continuous coating films of noncrystalline silicon solar cells on line in large scale. The invention is technically characterized by a method for sputtering AZO oxide transparent conducting film on an intermediate-frequency double vertical tube rotation target and plating a plating metal film on a direct current plane target and a continuous on-line plating device. A gas isolating device comprising a gas isolating chamber, a vacuum pump group and vacuum door valves at the two ends is arranged between an AZO transparent oxide film area and a metal film area vacuum chamber. A single separating type oxide coating film and a coating film wire of a metal film layer are integrated into an on-line integral machine, the blow-by phenomenon is eliminated, the technical effect is obvious, and the back electrode film has high and strong adhesive force, low cost and high capacity.


In this paper, an online education tool for assisting the teaching and learning of the IEEE 1500 standard testability method, used to support the testing of complex system-on-a-chip (SoC) integrated circuits (ICs), is developed and presented. The tool is an Internet browser based tool that supports the ability to investigate key aspects of the standard and its application to embedded core-based IC designs. The tool allows the user to create VHDL descriptions of both the test circuitry and the function circuitry via the Internet browser interface. The key considerations for developing this tool were to provide a computer based learning tool to support the teaching and learning of the standard and its application. This paper is an extended version of a paper presented at the EDUCON 2012 conference in April 2012.


Abstract Background CA-CDI accounts for up to 50% of all CDIs. Case–control studies (CCS) have been used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of CA-CDI associated with antibiotic exposure. These ORs demonstrate significant heterogeneity across studies. Unlike CCS, a self-controlled case series (SCCS) design can be used to control for all time-invariant confounders leading to less biased effect estimates. Methods Adults (≥18 years) registered (N = 139,670) with the Barrie and Community Family Health Team (BCFHT) were included in the study. Cases were defined as any patient with an incident case of CA-CDI and ≥1 antibiotic exposure occurring between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2016. The SCCS model was used to estimate the association between antibiotic exposure and CA-CDI. The SCCS model yields estimates of the relative incidence rate of CA-CDI in exposure periods relative to non-exposure periods within a case. Exposure periods were defined as starting two days after any antibiotic prescription and ending 60 days later. Multiple exposure periods and time-varying confounders due to calendar year were included in the final model. The relative incidence rate ratio (IRR) was estimated using conditional poisson regression analysis. Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use was included as an effect modifier. Antibiotics were divided into high-risk (fluoroquinolone, clindamycin, and cephalosporin) and low-risk exposures. Research ethics approval was obtained from the BFCHT research ethics board. Results Among 544 total CDI cases, N = 189 CA-CDI cases met the inclusion criteria. Any antibiotic exposure increases the risk by ≥2-fold, with no difference observed between high and low-risk groups (IRR=1.11, 95% CI 0.53–2.36) (Table 1). Conclusion Antibiotic exposure increases the risk of CA-CDI, with IRR estimates similar to those observed for healthcare-associated-CDI. This, along with the control of all time-invariant confounders by the SCCS method suggests a less biased effect estimate previously reported from CCS. Table 1 Variable IRR 95% Confidence Interval P-value Antibiotic Exposure Group PPI None Yes 0.80 (0.62–1.03) 0.09 Low risk Yes 1.95 (0.09–4.24) 0.09 High risk Yes 1.20 (0.42–3.40) 0.73 Overall Low risk 2.03 (1.19–3.47) 0.009 High risk 2.26 (1.29–3.98) 0.005 Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.


The data compression problem One of the outstanding problems confronting computer users is compact representation of functions of more than one variable. Most storage-limited computer programs devote a major part of their available memory to the representation of functions of more than one variable: e.g., equation-of-state tables in physics problems,1 optimal return functions in dynamic-programming problems,2 routing tables in communications simulations,3 tables of manpower and material in simulations of military theatre operation,4 function representation in meteorological and astronomical investigations,5 and representation of topographic information. This paper develops and analyzes tabular methods with respect to the topographic representation problem. However, the result are presented in terms of general smoothness and accuracy parameters; thus, they also apply to the other problems mentioned above.


As the deposition of thin films does little, if anything, to improve the light scattering characteristics of a component but adds greatly to its cost, the current growing interest in improving the quality of substrates is understandable. Process control does, of course, require the use of adequate means for measuring the parameters which need to be controlled. This paper will compare and contrast the subjective methods employed in a number of standards with a variety of objective techniques developed in recent years, taking into account the requirements of both on and off-line inspection. Surface parameters to be discussed will include form, roughness, waviness, flaws and contamination, as all these have an adverse effect on the performance of the component to an extent depending on the application. The review will attempt to present a picture of current practice and suggest possible ways in which the process of surface inspection could be improved in future by the use of objective methods of measurement and standards, involving some photometry, rather than relying solely on visual assessment.


The aim of this article is to describe how and to what extent an institute of higher education can support the learners and local actors in taking advantage of the new social networking services. The empirical data was collected from three educational pilot studies carried out in higher education contexts. According to our study, collaborative learning and student-entrepreneur cooperation increased the entrepreneur's social media capabilities and empowered students. Capabilities related to networking in virtual space proved to be more challenging, calling for a long-lasting cooperation and understanding of social networks.


Abstract : Currently, small unmanned aerial vehicles developed by NPS have been able to locate and track stationary and moving targets on the ground New methods of continuous target tracking are always being developed to improve speed and accuracy, ultimately aiding the user of the system. This thesis describes one such method, utilizing an open loop filter as well as an external correction source: Perspective View Nascent Technologies (PVNT). While the PVNT correction can theoretically improve the accuracy from 20-30 meters to 1-2 meters, it does have a disadvantage in that the target position updates are delayed anywhere from 1 - 10 seconds. In order to account for the delay, an asynchronous filter is used to update the target position data given the external position correction from PVNT. Two cases have been tested including the general filter and one that utilizes a road model in the calculations. While an earlier thesis developed the basic simulation for the system, this thesis discusses improvements and corrections to the simulation model as well as the necessary steps for real-time implementation.


The European Project Semester (EPS) is a one-semester capstone project/internship programme offered to engineering, product design and business undergraduates by 18 European engineering schools. EPS aims to prepare future engineers to think and act globally, by adopting project-based learning and teamwork methodologies, fostering the development of complementary skills and addressing sustainability and multiculturalism. Since 2011, the EPS@ISEP programme offers a set of multidisciplinary projects to multicultural teams of students, so that each team element can bring to the project its previous knowledge and background experience. In the spring of 2013, a team choose to develop a pet tracker to provide pet owners with information regarding the whereabouts of their pets and, above all, to reduce the number of pets lost. After analysing related products, the team decided to add extra features for product differentiation. Combining a triple-axis accelerometer, a low cost GPS receiver and the GSM/GPRS communication technology, the team designed a system providing pet location, tracking, map display and activity monitoring services. This paper describes the development process of the Pet Tracker system, comprising a wearable device for pets and a website for pet owners.


ABSTRACT Exploring Israeli psychotherapists' experiences working with Holocaust survivors and second generation a few months into the violence that erupted September 2000, the author encountered instances of inhibited listening resulting from acute personal stress and danger. This led her to rethink the concept of conspiracy of silence in the context of "a priori countertransference." Some historical processes underlying this conspiracy of silence (related to Holocaust traumas) are reviewed with a focus on Israel. Suggestions are made to ensure clients optimal listening.


We study an agent based model for honeybees' consensual decision-making process. We reduce a previous stochastic model to a low-dimensional discrete dynamical system which permits a more efficient study of the behaviour of the system. We relate the dynamics of the system (namely, relaxation time and oscillation period) to the distribution of the roots of a polynomial on the complex plane and give a complete picture of the transition from no consensus to consensus in the case of two different nest sites.


Rapid advances in biotechnology and science are resulting in an ever-increasing demand for global responses to the related ethical issues. These advancements could lead to irreversible disasters if not limited by ethical guidelines. In the last decade, there has been a special attention focus on biotechnology development and bioethics empowerment in Iran. In this paper we aim to review the situation of biotechnology in Iran. The main national bioethical activities will be addressed. We also discuss the "National Ethical Guidelines of Biomedical Research", including 'genetics research' and 'gamete and embryo research' which have been compiled recently.


: Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of uropathogens that cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Wasit Governorate, Iraq, and evaluate their patterns of antimicrobial resistance. Methods: The study involved the examination of 840 urine samples taken from patients visiting the Al-Karama and Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospitals in Wassit province. The samples were collected from February 2022 to March 2023. Using a VITEK 2 compact system, we identified and tested the microorganisms responsible for the infections. Results: Of the 840 urine samples of symptomatic patients with UTI, 669 (79.6%) were found to show significant growth of UTI, among whom the females were 470 (70.2%) episodes. E. coli was the most frequently isolated uropathogen in both sex groups (42.2%, n=284), followed by S. aureus (21.2%, n=131), E. faecalis (12.5%, n=284), other staphylococci (5.8%, n=39), Proteus (4.7%, n=32), Group B Streptococcus (3.8%, n=26), Enterobacter (2.8%, n=19), and Pseudomonas (0.7%, n=5). Based on Gram-negative isolates (n=389), resistance rates decreased in the


Due to advances in treatment more children become long-time survivors after SCT and effects of both the disease and the treatment need careful investigation. The aim of this study was to investigate dental caries and salivary function in children undergoing SCT conditioned with TBI and/or chemotherapy. The study group comprised 122 children with a mean age of 7.7±4.4 years (range 1-12), conditioned with TBI and/or chemotherapy. 73 were male and 49 were female. The patients were clinically examined and bite-wing radiographs were taken prior to SCT and after 3, 6 and 12 months at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. Patients conditioned with TBI showed a significantly higher DFS in permanent teeth 1 year after SCT compared to baseline (p=0.0032), as did the patients conditioned with chemotherapy (p=0.0132). Dental caries progression was also significant 1 year after SCT compared to baseline in the patients conditioned with TBI, both in those having caries lesions (p<0.05) and those caries free (p<0.001). When conditioned with TBI, the group diagnosed with low stimulated saliva secretion rate showed an increase with a significant difference (p<0.001) in DFS, when comparing baseline to one year after SCT. This was also evident for the group with stimulated saliva (p<0.05). In conclusion this study found an increase in dental caries one year after conditioning SCT children with total body irradiation and chemotherapy.


The aim of this paper is to study interaction phenomena and meaning of culture of traditional folksong in the boundary area of Youngnam and Honam province. The results are as follows; 1) In the a boundary area of these two province, folksong's interactions are four types. the first is gradual propagation, the second is rapid propagation, and the third is one side propagation, the last is both propagation. 2) Occurrence of these propagations are based on the necessity(function) of folksong, artistic value, and amity of sentiment and emotion. these are called a acceptance principles. 3) On the way of acceptance of other province's folksong, phenomena of variety and borrowing are occurred. And these phenomena bring a relations of supplement and confronting each other. 4) The change of folksong in the boundary area of two province is happened by The origins: the first origin are inner and out factors-expansion of function, people's moving, influence of the upper class art. the second is central and secondary change-factor of singing type and melody, change of words, the third are origin of a spelling mistake or recreation, the forth is the exchange or influence each other between peculiarity and universality. 5) On this paper, I researched the meaning of folksong by culture in these province's folksong. as a results, there are three categories. society of manhood as a central force, mountain and plain culture quality, the culture of buddhism and Confucianism, these are origin of distinction in two province's folksong.


Germ cell tumors account for 15-20% of ovarian neoplasms with approximately 95% being cystic teratomas 1. Dermoid cysts occur most commonly in reproductive age group. Unlike other germ cell tumors of the ovary, dermoids have a wider age distribution and may be encountered from infancy to old age 1. Since dermoids are composed of tissue elements derived from all three layers with varying degrees of maturity, differentiation, and quantity, the gross pathological changes are extremely variable, bizarre, inconsistent, and unpredictable. This markedly variable internal composition is in turn primarily responsible for the wide spectrum of ultrasound findings in dermoids 2.


This paper discusses the importance and the operabilily of psychological health education and meanwhile makes a study of the causes from the finished tasks. The paper holds that in psychological health education, which is a stereoscopic project , we should bring the collective culture into full play, change our ideas in time and go scientifically with the main stream of psychological health education so that we may get the best effects in educating our younger generations.


After having analyzed the requirement on the aerodynamic earth's surface roughness in two-dimensional distribution in the research field of interaction between land surface and atmosphere, this paper presents a new way to calculate the aerodynamic roughness using the earth's surface geometric roughness retrieved from SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) and TM thermal infrared image data. On the one hand, the SPM (Small Perturbation Model) was used as a theoretical SAR backscattering model to describe the relationship between the SAR backscattering coefficient and the earth's surface geometric roughness and its dielectric constant retrieved from the physical model between the soil thermal inertia and the soil surface moisture with the simultaneous TM thermal infrared image data and the ground microclimate data. On the basis of the SAR image matching with the TM image, the non-volume scattering surface geometric information was obtained from the SPM model at the TM image pixel scale, and the ground pixel surface's equivalent geometric roughness-height standard RMS (Root Mean Square) was achieved from the geometric information by the transformation of the typical topographic factors. The vegetation (wheat, tree) height retrieved from spectrum model was also transferred into its equivalent geometric roughness. A completely two-dimensional distribution map of the equivalent geometric roughness over the experimental area was produced by the data mosaic technique. On the other hand, according to the atmospheric eddy currents theory, the aerodynamic surface roughness was iterated out with the atmosphere stability correction method using the wind and the temperature profiles data measured at several typical fields such as bare soil field and vegetation field. After having analyzed the effect of surface equivalent geometric roughness together with dynamic and thermodynamic factors on the aerodynamic surface roughness within the working area, this paper first establishes a scale transformation model to calculate the aerodynamic surface roughness from surface equivalent geometric roughness. The final result retrieved from above series of models was validated using the filed measurements. It is concluded that the proposed approach is operational and feasible to derive the aerodynamic surface roughness at the pixel scale from a combination of the SAR and TM images.


This study examines the effects in university students of a psycho-educational program in full awareness (mindfulness) on certain personality variables. A quasi-experimental (group comparison) design with pretest and postest measurements was employed in an experimental (n = 26) and a control group (n = 27). Barratt impulsiveness Scale (BiS- 11), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ), Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SAD), and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) were applied to experimental and control groups. The results show statistically significant changes in impulsivity variables, experiential avoidance, social avoidance, social anxiety, tension and fatigue when comparing the posttest mean scores of the groups.


Applications of specific properties of various titanium alloys applied in modern technology processes were discussed. Both, current and future trends in applications, mainly of the anti-corrosive properties of titanium in various elements of building constructions being applied in the so-called civilian products were characterized based on examples taken from civil engineering and architecture.


A power factor of one is the main goal of any electric utility to have a better efficiency. Here, a single phase Uninterruptible power supply( UPS) is proposed which has a unity power factor for all linear and nonlinear loads. The proposed UPS uses an active PFC circuit to achieve unity power factor, a battery charger using Flyback converter, push pull converter is used as a battery discharger, a half bridge inverter for DC-AC conversion. Simulations are carried out for two conditions one for power factor variation in the mains and the other during power outage.Simulations are done using MATLAB/Simulink.


With the launching this year o厂the new international IUGS-IUGG-ICSU Cominission on the Lithosphere ("Dynamics and Evolution o厂the Lithosphere: The Framework厂or Earth Resources and the Reduction可 Hazards"), concepts regarding the evolution o厂the lithosphere and its role as the "engine which drives plate tectonics" wil receive close scienti厂ic scrutiny around the world. This article formulates a series of concepts leading to irrever·sible differentiation of the mantle into two upper layers which convect independently. The model accounts厂or the nature and di厂erent source areas o厂mid-ocean ridge basalts, alkali basalts, mantle hotspots and plumes.


The sudden cancellation of the Virginia lotteries during the first sitting of the parliament of 1621 was not part of a general parliamentary attack on monopolies but a calculated political act intended to pressure the Virginia Company of London to pay more taxes than required by its charter of 1612. The appropriate context for considering the cancellation is the financial difficulties of James I and the search for funds by Sir Lionel Cranfield. The cancellation coincided with a rejection of a new charter for the company, possibly incited by Count Gondomar, the Spanish ambassador in England. The cancellation of the lotteries was the most important turning point in the history of Jamestown and started the company on its downward spiral.


Conclusions 1. Lipoid material stainable with Scharlach R. is constantly found in the cells of the loops of Henle in normal dogs. The presence of such material in this location is not indicative of a pathological kidney. The functional capacity of such a kidney is normal. 2. When animals are given one subcutaneous injection of 6 mg. of uranium nitrate per kilogram, the earliest evidence of injury to the kidney consists of an increase in the amount of stainable lipoid in the cells of the loops of Henle. At this stage of the intoxication there is no evidence of a functional disturbance on the part of the kidney and no change takes place in the acid-base equilibrium of the blood. 3. At a later stage of such an intoxication (12 hours) stainable lipoid material appears in the convoluted tubule epithelium. The vascular tissue of the kidney is uninjured. Associated with such a disturbance in the metabolism of these cells that leads to the appearance of stainable lipoid in the cell there occurs a reduction in the elimination of phenolsulphonephthalein, a depletion in the alkali reserve of the blood and the appearance of albumin and glucose, or glucose alone in the urine. 4. Following this initial injury to the tubular epithelium changes of a more distinctly degenerative type appear in these cells and the functional capacity of the kidney is more severely impaired.


Owing to the limited synchronisation time and hardware complexity of frequency-hopping multiple access (FHMA) systems, partial Hamming correlation of the frequency-hopping sequence (FHS) set applied by the FHMA system plays an increasingly important role in measuring the performance of the system. A new lower bound on the average periodic partial Hamming correlation which is tighter than the existing one in a particular case is introduced. The new lower bound includes some earlier theoretical lower bounds on the average Hamming correlation of the FHS set as special cases. A necessary and sufficient condition for obtaining optimality with regard to the new bound is also presented.


Methylacetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency (T2 deficiency) is a rare congenital and metabolic disease affecting the ketone body and isoleucine metabolism. The typical symptoms are refractory metabolic acidosis, in which large amounts of 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyry1 carnitine, 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyrate and tiglylglycine are often detected in the blood and urine. We herein describe an atypical case of T2 deficiency with a high level of 3-hydroxybutyrate and a low level of 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyrate in the urine. Such a case was diagnosed by urinary organic analysis in combination with gene mutation evaluation. Organic acids in the urine were measured using a gas chromatography mass spectrometer and all exons were sequenced via deep sequencing. Molecular biology analysis confirmed the presence of a homozygous mutation in the acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) gene. The patient received a special diet of deeply hydrolyzed protein milk powder and raw corn starch. She was followed about 6 months. There were no ketoacidotic episodes and hypoglycemia even when she had fever. In conclusion, patients with atypical features of T2 deficiency should also be investigated early. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry and next-generation full exome sequencing may be helpful in diagnosis. Neurology Asia 2017; 22(2) : 165 – 169 Address correspondence to: Dr. Jia-Sheng Hu, Department of Neurology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com INTRODUCTION Methylacetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency (OMIM#607809) (MAT deficiency), also known as T2 deficiency, beta-ketothiolase deficiency or 3-ketothiolase deficiency, is a rare disorder of ketone body metabolism and isoleucine catabolism and is characterized by intermittent ketoacidotic episodes of vomiting, hyperventilation and impaired consciousness that are usually precipitated by infections. This disorder was first reported by Daum et al. in 1971. To date, more than 100 cases have been reported worldwide. Other clinical symptoms described previously include hyperglycemia, mental retardation, hypotonia, seizure, ataxia, and speech and language delay. Large amounts of 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyryl carnitine, 2-methyl3-hydroxybutyrate (2M3HB) and tiglylglycine (TG) can be detected in the plasma and urine of patients using tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography mass spectrometer analysis. The acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) gene encodes mitochondrial acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, a short-chain-length-specific thiolase. Cytosolic acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase is encoded by the ACAT2 gene. T2 deficiency involves the ACAT1 gene, a gene spanning approximately 27kb and located on chromosome 11q22.3–q23.1. The definitive diagnosis of the disease relies on the analysis of acetoacetylCoA thiolase activity using cultured fibroblasts or lymphocytes. In China, T2 deficiency has been reported using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), or liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), whilst a some reports in China of this disorder were based on the genomic level. This paper reports an atypical case of T2 deficiency.


N EOPLASMS of the human mammary gland have long been recognizet1.l~ Breast cancer was described by the Egyptians as early 2s 800 EX:. and even prior to that time it was discussed in the literature of Persia. Celsus (38 N.C. to A.D. 38), a Roman surgeon, diagnosed cancer of the breast and developed a technique of breast removal. He also described the lymph-node involvement of the axilla that acconipanies brcast cancer. In A.D. 180, Leonides of Alexandria recognized, among other symptoms, retraction o f the nipple as a sign of breast cancer. Many controversial papers have been published concerning the etiological importance of heredity in human breast cancer. Many observers claim that the high incidence of breast ('anccr in a family group is due to an inherited tendcncy, while others claim that familial concentrations can be explained merely by chance. Those who are proponents of the latter view point. to the great prevalence of breast cancer in the general population. Several workers have made a statistical study of the frequency o f cancer in the families of breast-cancer patients.ll. l~ l 7 , ls The results of these studies indicate that breast cancer occurs at an increased frequency in the immediate families of breastcancer patients, suggestive of an inherited tendency. The difficulty with these investigations lies in the selection of a control group that accurately represents the general population. Busk attempted to overcome this difficulty by critically analyzing the data of Jacobsen and comparing his results with the frequency of breast cancer expected according to mortality and morbidity rates found in the Danish population. All of these studies suggest an etiological role of heredity in human breast cancer, although there are differences as to whether or


Calibration of coherent lidar sensitivity and applications that use the observed signal magnitude (e.g., backscatter coefficient profiling) require accurate knowledge of the antenna gain. The effective antenna gain includes a contribution due to propagation effects (molecular and particulate extinction and phase distortion due to refractive index inhomogeneities). This contribution can be estimated by measurement of pertinent parameters (e.g., humidity, Cn2) and computation of the resulting loss at the applicable wavelength (10.59 μ). Lidar system contribution to the antenna gain (i.e., the free space gain) is a function of the telescope diameter, the range at which the telescope is focused, beam illumination patterns on the transmitter and receiver apertures and optical system aberrations. Theoretical free space gain curves can be generated when these quantities are known. Observations of aerosol backscatter and discrete target returns have been compared with predictions of antenna gain calculations. Good agreement exists between experiment and theory which indicates that the antenna gain properties of the NOAA Doppler lidar are well understood. Results are also presented on the amplitude calibration of the lidar.


A copy of the 12th edition of The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, recently sent to the septuagenarian Chief Editor of theAmerican Journal of Diseases of Children, aroused nostalgic recollections of the years of yesterday when he was visiting the homes of the sick with a little black bag gripped in his palm. The bag, though small, housed a surprising number of articles: otoscope, ophthalmoscope, blood pressure apparatus, sterile tongue blades and syringe with an assortment of accessory medications, tubes for sterile cultures, etc. In spite of varieagated items, there was always room for the Merck Manual which was read often before or after a home visit and sometimes consulted quite unabashedly in the presence of a family. If I have any criticism of the current 12th edition, it would be to point out the lack of an introductory complete history of an amazing manual. The "Foreword" merely


Extracted from text ... 160
V voice of Kerry Cullinann
Health Journalist, Health-e
A
A
A
A
A
Author
Sister Gugu Majola has been a nurse in the public sector for
20 years, and for the past 10 years, she has specialised in
psychiatric nursing. Currently, she is based at the Gateway
Clinic at St Theresa's Hospital in Mount Frere, a small town
in the Eastern Cape.
"I like to deal with mental health problems because I have
empathy; that love for people with such problems. I don't
like to see a person suffering, " says Majola, who completed
a diploma in psychiatry ..


By the experiments on 135 specimens with dimension of 100 mm× 100 mm× 100 mm the effect of roughness of old concrete,interfacial adhesive and steel fiber volume fraction upon bond splitting tensile strength between fresh steel fiber reinforced concrete(SFRC) and old concrete was studied.Further,the mechanism of bonding between fresh SFRC and old concrete was discussed.Based on outcomes of experiment the conclusion is got from the gradation analysis and variance analysis: all of the influencing factors above are of significance and the most important one of all is the roughness of old concrete.Finally,the calculating formulae of bond splitting tensile strength between fresh steel fiber concrete and old concrete is proposed.


Cardiac function varies in the population of patients with heart failure (HF) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF; HFpEF). This study investigated the heterogeneity of clinical features associated with HF and the prognostic value of BNP levels in patients with HFpEF.


A brief history of the thermometer. Figure 1: Thermoscope At the start of the seventeenth century there was no way to quantify heat. In Aristotelian matter theory, heat and cold were fundamental qualities. Like dry and wet, heat and cold were qualities combined with ∗Version 1.2: May 26, 2004 12:28 pm -0500 †http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/1.0 http://cnx.org/content/m11978/1.2/ OpenStax-CNX module: m11978 2 "prima materia" to make up the elements, earth, water, air, and re. Thus earth was dry and cold, re dry and hot, etc. Although one might speak of "degrees of heat or cold," there was no formal distinction between what we would call the extensive concept of heat and the intensive concept of temperature. Also these degrees were not measured, except perhaps in a very rough way as when a physician put his hand on a patient's forehead and diagnosed "fever heat." Measuring heat became a puzzle in the circle of practical and learned men in Venice to which Galileo belonged. The rst solution was a thermoscope. Building on Pneumatics by Hero of Alexandria (1st century BCE), rst published in the West in 1575, several authors had begun playing with the idea of the expansion of air as its heat increased, and vice versa. The rst versions, usually called thermoscopes, were little more than toys. Benedetto Castelli wrote in 1638 about a device he had seen in Galileo's hands around 1603: He took a small glass ask, about as large as a small hen's egg, with a neck about two spans long [perhaps 16 inches] and as ne as a wheat straw, and warmed the ask well in his hands, then turned its mouth upside down into the a vessel placed underneath, in which there was a little water. When he took away the heat of his hands from the ask, the water at once began to rise in the neck, and mounted to more than a span above the level of the water in the vessel. The same Sig. Galileo had then made use of this e ect in order to construct an instrument for examining the degrees of heat and cold. Over the next several years this thermoscope was developed by Santorio Santorio and Galileo's friend Gianfrancesco Sagredo (both in Venice), Galileo, and others to include a numerical scale. It had thus become a fulledged air thermometer. The rst series of quantitative meteorological observations date from this period. In other parts of Europe the inventor Cornelis Drebbel and Robert Fludd developed similar instruments. The questions about who was the rst, and whether one derived his knowledge from another, are sterile ones which shed little light on the historical context in which this and other instruments (e.g., the telescope and barometer) developed. The near simultaneous (and surely independent) invention of the air thermometer illustrates the seventeenth-century trend toward quanti cation of natural phenomena an essential dimension of the "mathematization of nature."


This paper proposes an autonomous navigation system for mobile robots using two unscented Kalman filters (UKFs) and a slip detector to fuse the vision and motion information. The vision information is extracted from images captured by cameras, while the motion data are gathered by two wheel encoders, an accelerometer and a gyroscope. Firstly, the description of navigation algorithm, including the system overview, the image processing procedure and the coordinate transformation, are presented. Then kinematic models of two UKFs and data integration are introduced. Analyzing the results of experiments, the multi-sensor fusion system has more stability and accuracy in comparison with the single sensor system.


Aggregation states of polymers at the surface generally tend to alter to their most stable ones in response to their surrounding environment. We here apply a time-resolved contact angle measurement to examine the rate of the surface reorganization of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) in water. By doing these measurements at various temperatures, it is possible to extract the apparent activation energy of the surface dynamics based on the relation of the surface relaxation time and temperature. Also, sum-frequency generation spectroscopy revealed that the surface reorganization involves the conformational changes in the main chain portion as well as the side chains. Hence, the dynamics observed here might reflect the segmental motion at the outermost region of the PMMA film, in which water plays as a plasticizer.


Police attended a collision on the A19 north-bound carriageway near South Kilvington, Thirsk. The collision was reported at 2.10pm today and involves ...


Hybrid antenna array consisting of analog subarrays provides a low-cost solution to achieving high beamforming gain in millimeter-wave/terahertz communication systems. For beam adjustment, beam scanning can be readily applied to find the line-of-sight (LoS) path. Conventionally, the beam scanning process is inefficient because the number of grids, together with the scanning period, has to be large to achieve high resolution. To improve the beam scanning efficiency, in this paper we propose an off-gird direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation method utilizing unequal-sized subarrays. Specifically, we first provide a new solution to overcome the ambiguity problem, i.e., the hybrid antenna array may render the DoA estimate non-unique. That new solution is formed by designing the antenna numbers in the subarrays and can be easily combined with the beam scanning process. We then propose a three-stage beam scanning strategy. At the first stage, coarse scanning is applied to roughly steer the subarrays along the LoS path. At the second stage, a simple DoA estimator is employed to obtain the candidate DoAs. Finally, beam scanning is performed again on the candidate DoAs to obtain the final DoA estimate. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve higher DoA estimation accuracy in shorter scanning period than the conventional beam scanning method; and compared with existing methods developed for equal-sized subarrays, the proposed method is more robust against multi-path interference.


The effect of modified atmosphere packaging(MAP) with three different thicknesses of PE films,PE30(30 μm),thk-PE(45 μm) and PE50(50 μm),or mulch plastic film(6 μm) as control was examined on the postharvest physiology and preservation of green walnut fruit(cultivar Xifu No.2) during storage at 0–1 ℃.Gas concentrations in the sealed bags and respiration rate,ethylene production rate and decay index of the fruit were measured at regular intervals.Acid value,peroxide value and free fatty acid content of the kernel as well as water content of the peel and kernel were also determined after 0 and 60 days of storage.Results showed that all three PE films delayed the first respiratory peak and restrained the second one as well as ethylene production peak,and gas concentrations in all the bags reached equilibrium after 15 days.Among them,PE50 had the strongest capability of automatic atmospheric modification,providing 4.5%–5.0% O2 and 5.3%–5.7% CO2.After 60 days of storage,the peel and kernel of walnuts packaged with the three PE bags showed a significantly lower water content than those packaged with the control film(P 0.05),in addition to a significant decrease in decay index as well as kernel acid value and peroxide,with the increasing order for all these indicators: PE50 thk-PE PE30.However,kernel free fatty acid contents followed the decreasing order: PE50 thk-PE PE30.From this study,it is concluded that PE50 is more effective at delaying the decay of MAP packaged green walnut fruit than thk-PE and preserving the quality and nutrients of walnut kernel.


The exact analytic current‐voltage characteristic recently obtained by Fendell and by Chapkis and Baum for spherical probes in the continuum Laplace limit, is shown to be valid for arbitrary probe shape. This result has important diagnostic implications. The form of the characteristic suggests a basic modification to the usual ''retarding potential'' technique, in which the retarded current divided by probe potential is graphed logarithmically to measure electron temperature. An approximate extension to finite mean free paths is made. This leads to a prediction that a long cylindrical probe will be much more sensitive to departures from collisionless conditions than a sphere of equal diameter. Another extension of the theory includes negative ion current. The effects of departure from Laplace conditions are investigated by presenting self‐consistent numerical calculations for spherical probes. Formulas for triple‐probe use are presented. A widespread misuse of the Druyvesteyn method is critically examined.


SUMMARY This review traces the development of South African coastal fisheries from prehistory to the present. Three phases are identified—a low-intensity prehistoric phase, in which attention was focused on easily accessed intertidal species, a period of rapidly increasing commercialisation and technological development, covering most of the present century, and a newly emerging phase of increasing species and product diversification. The effects of exploitation on both the target stocks themselves, and their associated communities, are examined. The population densities and size distributions of many target species have been radically impacted by human exploitation and such effects are generally well documented. The effects of exploitation on community dynamics are far less well appreciated, but they can be equally dramatic and may carry major economic implications. For example, rock lobster, sea urchins, abalone and kelp are linked by a complex web of biological interactions. Options for improving the m...


: Study area lies in southern region of Saudi Arabia between the latitudes of 41º 30 North and longitudes of 19º 84 East. Ten stands in different highest above sea level were chosen to study floristic composition and life form for wild plants with recognizing plant communities, life forms spectra, abundance and economic uses. Total number of recorded species in study area were 29 belongs to 27 genus and 20 families. Twenty one species representing perennial and eight species were annual with ratios 72.41% and 27.60 % respectively. Fabaceae (leguminosae) have the highest contributions, 13.8% followed by Poaceae (graminae) and Asteraceae with ratio(10.3%) Acanthaceae and Amaranthaceae with ratio (6.9%) Apocynaceae, Aristolochiaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Boraginaceae, Cappariceae, Crucifceae, Cucurbitaceae, Malvaceae, Rhamnaceae, Solanaceae and Tiliaceae with (3.4%) for each. The tree represented by (17.2%), shrubs (51.8%) and weeds (31.1%) respectively. The economic use showed that medical (44.83%), grazing and edible (13.79), fuel (3.44), other (24.13%).


Mining condensed representations of frequent itemsets (FI), namely frequent closures (FCIs) or generators (FGIs), over a stream is already a challenging task, and mining both is even more so. Yet, FGIs and FCIs jointly serve in many practical settings and underlie popular association rule bases. To date, the only way to approach the task is by the (impractical) combination of two dedicated miners. As a remedy, we propose a novel joint miner implementing a holistic approach –emphasizing the underlying equivalence classes– to the joint maintenance of FGIs and FCIs upon stream updates. With a sliding window mining schema, we build upon known results on window expansion and provide novel results on window shrinking while adapting both to the support-based filtering. Thus, through the collaborative maintenance of both FCI and FGI, our method achieves effort factoring that helps it outperform its sole FGI stream mining competitor and keep up with two FCI ones.


This study was conducted for an efficient utilization of waste fly ash obtained from the power plant. Fly ash was used for synthesizing zeolite. Na-Pl zeolite could be easily synthesized from waste fly ash and showed the potential to remove heavy metal ions. The synthetic zeolite showed good adsorption property for heavy metal much better than raw fly ash and natural zeolites. Na-Pl exhibited the high adsorption efficiency with a maximum value of 260 Pb mg/g and strong affinity for Pb2+ ion. The metal ion selectivity of Na-Pl was determined in a decreasing order : >>+>>


The focus of this master thesis is on implementation of the 5S method and visualisation elements in company PROZAX, s.r.o.. The thesis is divided into theoretical, practical and project part. The theoretical part deals with the concept of industrial engineering, its di-rections, methods and tools. It also contains information about elements of visualisation, types of waste and 5S method. The practical part is aimed on the characteristics of the company, analysis of its current state and the state of the selected workplace. The project part is focused on the implementation of the 5S method, its execution and the introduction of the visualisation elements.


The structural flexibility of Cu(2+) interdigitated layer type framework was controlled and the compound represented clear separation property of CH(4)/CO(2) at range of 0-1.0 MPa and recovery of adsorbed CO(2) above 0.1 MPa.


Preface Glucocorticoid Receptor Signalling in Bipolar Disorder: Research Frontiers Future Prospects for the Distinction of Depression Subtypes Sex-Steroid Dimorphic Effects on Functional Brain Organisation: Differences in Cognition, Emotion and Anxiolysis The Neuroendocrinology of Testosterone-Socio-sexual Behaviour Relations Oestrogen and Borderline (Borderline Personality Disorder, Gender and Serotonin: Does Oestrogen play a role?) Immune Influences on Behaviour and Endocrine Activity in Early-experience and Maternal Separation Paradigms Depression, Cognitive Deficits and Poor Quality of Life in Methamphetamine Use: Neural Substrates and The Impact of Sex and HIV Status PNE and Psychosocial Oncology Thyroid Hormones, Serotonin and Behaviour: The Role of Genotype Investigating Adolescence as a Sensitive Period for Stress Response Programming Interleukin-1 Deficiency and Aggressiveness in Male Mice Update in Glucocorticoid Receptor Signalling: Implications in Bipolar Disorder Androgens, Cognition and Social Behaviour in Children Stress and the Awakening Cortisol Response (ACR) in Mental Disorders The Dexamethasone Suppression Test in Borderline Personality Disorder: The Impact of Comorbid Depressive and PTSD Symptoms Psychoneuroendocrinology of Functional Somatic Disorders Index.


This paper attempts to study the constrained average optimality for continuous-time Markov decision processes in the class of randomized history-dependent policies. The states and actions are in general Polish spaces, and the transition rates are allowed to be unbounded. The optimality criterion to be optimized is expected average costs, multiple constraints are imposed on similar expected average costs, and all costs may be unbounded from above and from below. Under suitable conditions, we first show the existence of a constrained optimal policy by improving the concept of a stable policy in the previous literature and using the analogue of the forward Kolmogorov equation. Then, we develop a linear program (LP), which is equivalent to the constrained optimality problem and is used to obtain a constrained optimal policy. By introducing suitable operators and conditions, we further establish the dual program (DP) of the LP, show that the LP and DP are solvable, and show that there is no duality gap between them. Finally, we use a cash flow model and a controlled birth and death system to illustrate the applications of our main results.


It is generally believed that a Wigner Crystal in single layer graphene can not form because the magnitudes of the Coulomb interaction and the kinetic energy scale similarly with decreasing electron density. However, this scaling argument does not hold for the low energy states in bilayer graphene. We consider the formation of a Wigner Crystal in weakly doped bilayer graphene with an energy gap opened by a perpendicular electric field. We argue that in this system the formation of the Wigner Crystal is not only possible, but different phases of the crystal with very peculiar properties may exist here depending on the system parameters.


800x600 This paper provides a critical analysis of the impact of the Presidential Decree 200 (1998) regarding the operation of kindergartens in Greece, on children's enjoyment of their rights. It appears that the Decree does not respect, protect or fulfil the participation rights of the child whereas it respects, protects and fulfils some provision rights (the right to education for all but not the right to participate in a culture other than the official) and some protection rights (the right for adults to act in a child's best interests but not the right to be safe from discrimination) of the child. The Decree withholds or allows adults to withhold certain rights from children who are not able-bodied, Greek, Christian Orthodox and of sound mind in terms of family circumstances, ethnicity, nationality, religion and medical or psychological evaluations of their health (illness, learning, emotional and social difficulties). Normal 0 false false false EN-AU X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */
 table.MsoNormalTable
 {mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
 mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
 mso-style-noshow:yes;
 mso-style-priority:99;
 mso-style-parent:"";
 mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
 mso-para-margin:0cm;
 mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
 font-size:10.0pt;
 font-family:"Times","serif";
 mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";}


¨This paper describes a framework for the modeling and sizing of flexible aircraft subject to static and transient maneuver loads, control inputs and external disturbances due to atmospheric turbulence. An integrated coupled model of the flexible aircraft comprising a nonlinear rigid body flight dynamics model and a linear aeroelastic model is used to obtain the equivalent static loads on the structure for a given set of flight cases. These are used in a subsequent structural optimization step to update the structure to obtain a minimum mass design while fulfilling requirements on strength and stability. The updated structural model is fed back to the maneuver simulation in an automated process enabling a rapid search for a consistent design. In the paper, this process is applied to a blended wing body configuration developed within the ACFA 2020 research project. The structural loads resulting from a given set of flight inputs are examined and used to obtain a mass optimized structure.


Preface to the Fourth Edition. About the Author. What is Cellular Radio? World System Standards--A History. Basic Radio. Planning--An Essential Network Function. Cell Site Selection and System Design. Radio Survey. Cellular Radio Interference. Cell Plans. Units and Concepts of Field Strength. Filters and Combiners. Cellular Repeaters. Antennas. Cellular Links. Base-Station Maintenance. Base-Station Control and Signaling. Power and Distribution. Protection and Grounding. Trunking. Switching. Traffic Engineering Concepts. Mobiles. Tower and Masts. Installations. Equipment Shelters. Budgets. Billing Systems. Marketing. Fraud. Data Over Cellular. Privacy. Rural and Offshore Applications of Cellular Radio. Interconnection. Preparing Invitations to Tender. Modulation/Demodulation Methods. Noise and Noise Performance. Digital Cellular. GSM Pan-European Cellular. DAMPS. NAMPS. E-TDMA. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). Japanese Digital. Satellite Mobile Systems. Cordless Telephone Technologies. iDEN. Wireless Local Loop. The Technology. Coding, Formats, and Error Correction. Digital Modulation. Other Mobile Products. Safety Issues. Buying Used Hardware. Appendix A: RF Propagation Routine Appendix B: ISO Model. Appendix C: Amplifier Classes. Appendix D: 911 Location Requirements. Appendix E: Distortion and Noise. Appendix F: Recommended Further Reading and Sources of Information. Appendix G: Internet Protocols. Appendix H: Erlang B and C Tables. Appendix I: Conversion of Units Used for Cellular RF. Appendix J: Country Codes. Glossary. Index.


The invention discloses a die structure for manufacturing a rearview mirror, which mainly comprises a core plate, a cavity plate, a core insert, a cavity insert, a first slide block, a second slide block and a third slide block, wherein the slide blocks on three surfaces of the die structure are subjected to side core pulling by using a guide pillar and are locked by a braking block; and after a cavity is closed, the slide blocks do not move outwards, and plastic products cannot generate burrs, so a high-quality rearview mirror can be produced. In addition, due to the adoption of the core inset and the cavity insert, only the core insert or the cavity insert is required to be replaced without the replacement of the integral plate after the cavity is damaged, so that the manufacturing cost of a die is reduced greatly.


ABSTRACT In this study, some plant growth regulators known as cytokinins [kinetin (K), zeatin (Z), thidiazuron (TDZ), benzylaminopurine (BAP), and dimethylallylaminopurine (AAP)] were separated by HPLC using an amide-embedded mixed-mode stationary phase which was synthesized by Aral et al. in recent years. The effect of mobile phase content, mobile phase pH, buffer concentration, and temperature on separation process was studied. In addition, a quantitative determination of cytokinins from Salvia limbata extract was studied, and some validation parameters such as limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), and relative standard deviation (RSD) were calculated as a range of 0.03–0.1, 0.1–0.26 mg/L, and 0.03–0.08, respectively. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


This research aims at describing overarticulator contoid [r] deaf children Indonesia. This research uses the qualitative descriptive method. Data researched is overartikulator contoid [r] deaf children. The source of data is the son of deaf SLB-B on kindergarten groups A deaf bit heavy. Data collection is done with the data source mimicked speech researcher and teacher or when pronouncing vocabulary list  Containing contoid [r]. The collection of data using techniques of natural observation, observation, participation,  of a scheduled Fishing fishing substitution,  recording, record-keeping, and field. Data analysis using the method in accordance with the technique of determining element is broken. Based on data analysis, contoid [r] resulting in two groups of deaf children. The Union, contoid  [r] generated anyway. [r], [«r«r], [arer], [rr], [l], [ll], [«l], [l«], and [et]. Second, contoid [r] produced change. In two of the group, contoid [r] created by [r], [ The results contain the differences distinguishing characteristic on the basis of the representation and the representation of contoid phonetic [r]. In the difference that happens  overarticulator contoid [r] which does not occur on other contoids. From an overarticulator, it changes the sounds anaptiksis,  reduplication, and contoid attenuation [r].


Elastic leaf epoxide with a thickness of 0.01 and 1.50 mm, consisting of (a) an epoxy resin wherein the epoxy resin is a modified reaction product of bisphenol A and bisphenol F with epichlorohydrin having a molecular <= 700 weight and (b ) a hardener, wherein the hardener is selected from polyols, polyethers, amine modified polyamines cycloaliphatic, polymercaptans, polysulfides, cyanide polyamines, or combinations thereof, wherein the epoxide resin is used together with an equivalent or not equivalent of the hardener.


In this paper, we propose a robust vehicle tracking method based on speeded-up robust features (SURF) feature matching in a particle filter framework. In this framework, the color feature and the local binary pattern (LBP) texture feature are also combined to improve the representation of the tracking target. To further improve the tracking performance, three strategies are used. First, a dynamic update mechanism of the target template is proposed to capture appearance changes. Second, the size of the tracking window is also modified dynamically by balancing the weights of three feature distributions. Third, the weight of each particle is allocated with an improved distance kernel function method in the tracking process. Specifically, the proposed method of adopting new feature points for the target template can objectively reflect tracking target changes and effectively overcome the disadvantages of the random selection mechanism. We test the proposed approach on numerous sequences involving different types of challenges, including variations in illumination, scale changes, and rotation. The experimental results show that the proposed method is more efficient and robust than the classical approaches.


The aim of the article is to increase the cognitive value in the area of political communication of Polish bishops during the presidential campaign in Poland in 2020, in particular to answer the question whether the Polish Episcopal Conference supported President Andrzej Duda politically in his candidacy for re-election. The research applied the analysis and synthesis method supplemented with elements of hermeneutics. The Polish Episcopal Conference remained an entity not politically involved at the level of institutional communiqués and did not support any of the candidates applying for the office of President of the Republic of Poland in 2020. The issue for further political and media research remains that of complementary forms of communication of the ecclesial institution and the way of expressing one's own electoral preferences, for example through the Catholic media.


Lead Iodide purified by zone refining, sublimation and evaporation and without purification was used as starting material for growing platelets by the vapor transport method. Growth was performed at vacuum and at 500 mmHg of Ar, during times from 10 to 25 days. Platelets grew at 200 -250 degree(s)C less than the source temperature, in the zone of maximum temperature gradient and perpendicular to the ampoule wall. Growth was performed several times and results were reproducible. Crystals have rectangular or hexagonal (0 0 1) faces, sizes up to 4x6 mm2 and thickness from 50 to 250 micrometers , an exceptional good optical clarity and reflecting surfaces. Purity and stoichiometry of starting materials were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma and wet techniques. Platelets were characterized by optical microscopy. Radiation detectors were fabricated with them and detector current density and apparent resistivity were determined by I-V curves, giving results 300 pA/cm2 (30V) and 1013 (Omega) .cm. X-ray spectra were performed determining detector's energy resolution for different emissions, giving a resolution of 1 keV in the range of 10 - 20 keV radiations. According to electrical and spectrometric performance, optical microscopy and production yields, it was not necessary to use high purity starting material for obtaining excellent platelets. Correlation between optical and electrical properties of the crystals grown from this method and others previously grown from the melt are also discussed. Comparison between the growth of lead iodide platelets and mercuric iodide ones is included.


A fatigue study was undertaken to determine how much the electrical discharge machine (EDM) process affected the fatigue life of balance materials by comparing EDM and regular milling machine samples. Simulation of a typical balance stress configuration was devised for the fatigue testing in order to obtain results more closely related to balance situations. The fatigue testing of the EDM and regular milling machine specimens to date has indicated that the EDM technique does reduce the fatigue life of the balance material 15-5PH steel, the first balance material tested. This conclusion was based on comparisons of the specimens' fatigue lives with theoretical and manufacturer's data. Hence, the EDM surface effects are detrimental to the fatigue life of this balance material. Future research areas and approaches are discussed.<<ETX>>


In many works in the fields of agronomy, agriculture and biology, there is a need to study the impact of cultivar (genotype), agricultural technology (crop management intensity levels), and the locations (agro-ecostems or environment) on the yield of plants. PDO experiments allow such studies in Poland. In order to be properly carried out the analysis of this data must be based on statistical methods on the basis of the assumed purpose. Some studies examine the impact of the locations on crop varieties and then examine the effect of GL (GxL) interaction (genotype x location). In other studies, the researchers want to establish the impact of agricultural technology on crop varieties, e.g. in only one location. In this situation we have to deal with the classification of cultivar x crop management. There are also studies conducted to examine the impact of both the Agro-ecostyems and agricultural technology. Many authors have compared the yield of old and modern cultivars in various locations or in different crop management intensity levels (Broncourt-Hulmel et al. 2003, Derejko et al. 2011, Mądry et al. 2011, 2012). In this case we are dealing with the classification of cultivar x crop management x location. An example of such statistical analysis adjusted for 3-way classification of data from the "Post-Registration Variety Testing System (Porejestrowe Doświadczalnictwo Odmianowe i Rolnicze – acronym: PDO)" experiments for grain yield of winter wheat have been presented in this study. However, this is not strictly statistical work. It is a study resulting from a series of field experiments in Poland, the benefits of these experiments and how useful it may be with appropriate modification of statistical methods for this data on grain yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L). Little research has been carried out to date on the development and adaptation of the currently used methods or development of new methods mainly for more in-depth inference (Derejko et al. 2011). The problem is also insufficient knowledge and application, resulting in rather modest achievements by foreign scientists regarding the methodology discussed. In this paper we have data from a multi-factor series of experiments, planned in the split–block design and repeated both in one growing season and over time, (McIntosh 1983).


Abstract Polyurethane attached hemicyanine dye with tetraphenylborate anion was synthesized. This polymer was soluble in dimethylformamide and could be processed into thin film by spin coating. The poled polymer film showed a large second-order nonlinear optical coefficient (X (2) = 4.0 × 10−7 esu) and good temporal stability.


Blastfurnace slag and steel slag are widely used as aggregates, in particular for highways construction and maintenance. The various types of slag products have different properties and characteristics. This paper provides information on the types of slag products currently available and their recommended uses. For the covering abstract see ITRD E117840.


Assembly work settings enabling proactive behaviour of the assembly operators are considered to be an important factor enabling customization of assembly work. As a consequence, access to necessary ...


Abstract Metasurfaces have manifested unprecedented capabilities in manipulating light by subwavelength unit cells, facilitating the miniaturization and multifunctions of optical systems. On the other hand, lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) technology is revolutionizing the integrated photonics, enabling multifunctional devices and applications. Yet the optical interface for coupling and manipulation is not sufficient and versatile. Here, we developed a geometric metasurface interface for LNOI waveguide and demonstrated several on-chip integrated devices for free space light field manipulations. By decorating waveguides with subwavelength optical antennas, we manipulated the guided waves into desired wavefronts in space, achieved complex free-space functions, such as focusing, multichannel vortex beam generation, and holography. Our architecture goes beyond the conventional gratings and enriches the functionalities of metasurface, which would open up a new perspective for future versatile guided-wave driven optical devices.


Gorman outlined the procedure for getting social legislation passed, drawing upon his own experience with mental health legislation
 as an example, in this speech at the 17th Mental Hospital Institute of the American Psychiatric Association.


Synopsis : Life cycle accessment (LCA) has been widely used to evaluate the environmental load associated with products, materials and services from cradle to grave. Most of the effort in LCA so far has been devoted to construct the inventory database because collecting the related data is tremendously time-consuming process. On the other hand, problems of LCA as a evaluation tool also has to be considered. Typical LCI methods, such as I/O analysis and process analysis, assume that the relationships between the input and output for each process are linear. In fact, most of the relationship between the input and output for processes do not satisfy the linearity and so the influence of the non-linearity on the result has to be investigated to evaluate more accurate environmental load. This paper formulates the nonlinear analysis in LCA to extend the normal linearity-based LCA. In the formulation, a method to express the nonlinearity in the general format is newly proposed. Next, a general system for the evaluation of environmental load is developed using this formulation. It is shown that object-oriented approach is effective for the development. Using the developed system, influence of non-linearity on environmental load and the derived problems will be investigated. Finally, an effective method to modify nonlinear data, which is supposed to become important in the future, will be proposed.


Electrostatic charge generation occurs in fluid systems as a result of friction between both the fluid and system components and also the hydraulic fluid and other fluids, notably air and additives. Electrostatic Charging (ESC) is a well-known problem in systems using hydrocarbon fluids, predominantly fuels and lubrication oils but less is known about its generation in hydraulic fluid power oils. In liquid hydrocarbon filtration, whether the charge generated on the fluid is positive or negative will depend on the fixed charge of the filter material and the fluid used. The paper explains that the new electrostatic dissipative (ESD) filter was developed to eliminate potential ESC problems in filtration of hydrocarbon fluids by preventing or significantly reducing both charge generation and its accumulation, and field trials showed successful performance of the ESD filter material, and correlated well to the laboratory tests.


The paper applies soft computing approach to investment and financial trading. It is an attempt to quantify the investment policies using portfolio theory. An optimization problem concerning allocation of investment resources per assets is solved, applying approximation and soft computing approach. Having approximated optimization problem, fast computations are performed. Thus the optimal resource allocation and portfolio optimization have been implemented as financial services through Internet.


Clinical magnetic resonance studies show delayed and ongoing neurodegeneration after neonatal hypoxia‐ischemia (HI), but the mechanisms and timing of this neurodegeneration remain unclear. We used ex vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and brain neuropathology to determine whether selective injury to white matter tracts occurs after neonatal HI in mice resulting in neural system–associated attrition in remote regions and at delayed times.


The energy levels of /sup 92/Nb were studied by means of the /sup 92/ Zr(p,n g) reaction. The deexcitation gamma -rays were observed with a highresolution Ge(Li) detector in the proton energy range 3.00--4.80 MeV in steps of about 25 keV. Many new excited states of /sup 92/Nb were populated by this reaction. Excitation energies up to 1.77 MeV were determined with high precision, and a level scheme of /sup 92/Nb is proposed. From a Hauser--Feshbach analysis, the gamma decay scheme and other information, the spin-parities of many levels were assigned. (auth)


Based on the analysis of the algorithms implementing Multistage Wiener Filter(MSWF),Which is implemented by the correlation subtraction structure is proved to be the projection performed and the blocking operation and not to be orthogonal to the cross-correlation vector in finite-precision environments.Through modifying block matrix and using the multistage decomposition structure,the correlation subtractive structure space-time interference subspace is constructed.Then applying subspace projection method the optimal filter is derived out.Comparing with conventional CSS-MWFD algorithm,in a finite-precision implementation,the method proposed in this paper outperforms it in the anti-jamming task.The validity of the proposed algorithm is proved by the simulation results.


This paper presents the investigation results of the electrochemical behavior
 of copper in 1 M Na2CO3 solution in the presence of potassium ethyl xanthate
 (KEtX) with different concentrations. Tests were conducted on copper samples
 obtained without deformation and with deformation of 83, 91 and 99 %. Samples
 were obtained by cold drawing of wire, which was previously obtained by
 dip-forming procedure. Corrosion behavior of cold deformed copper wire is
 characterized by its open circuit potential and behavior during anodic
 polarization. Experiments were carried out in aqueous solution 1 M Na2CO3
 with added various amounts of KEtX between 0.008 g/l and 0.15 g/l. It was
 experimentally proved that the degree of deformation between 83 and 99 % does
 not have a large effect on the open circuit potential, as well as on the
 behavior of copper during anodic polarization in 1 M Na2CO3. Voltammograms
 show no significant differences between peak heights obtained for different
 electrodes. The first peak which occurs at potential of around -0.06 V vs.
 SCE corresponds to the formation of copper oxide Cu2O. The second wide peak
 is at potential of around 0.15 V vs. SCE and corresponds to the formation of
 CuO. Addition of potassium ethyl xanthate in alkaline 1 M Na2CO3 solution
 changes the mechanism of the process in anodic part, which is reflected in
 the change of shape of voltammograms. In presence of KEtX in concentration
 between 0.008 g/l and 0.15 g/l on voltammograms a sharp peak appears at
 potential of about -0.2 V vs. SCE and corresponds to the oxidation of
 xanthate. Current density, which determines the rate of the process which
 takes place at the electrode surface, yet in the presence of smallest amounts
 of KEtX (<0,08 g/l) is higher than in the absence of KEtX. It allows one to
 conclude that the processes of oxidation of copper accelerate in presence of
 potassium ethyl xanthate.


"OF THOSE with encephalitis, one-third will die, one-third will be left mentally retarded, and one-third will recover completely." This cheerless rule-of-thumb has been attributed to Von Economo and it has appeared with gloomy variations in much of the literature written since he first described the pandemic of encephalitis in 1917. Such eminent authorities as Tredgold and Noyes refer to encephalitis as a cause of amentia and psychoses and other authors blame it for brain injury, feeble-mindedness, emotional instability, and juvenile delinquency. What is this disease, then, with so gloomy prognosis? It must be pointed out early that encephalitis is not a disease at all. It is a word which means "inflammation of the brain" and is a generic term used medically to describe the appearance of certain combinations of symptoms and signs without regard to specific cause. The symptoms vary somewhat with age but usually include fever, headache, drowsiness, and stiffness of back or neck. Convulsions are quite often observed in victims under one year of age but almost never in adults.


It is shown that the filling of the diffraction minimum in the differential cross section for production of three pions in a live silicon target is due to the contribution of events involving excitation of the low-lying level 2/sup +/(1.78 MeV).


Low‐dose γ‐irradiation of mouse embryonic fibroblast C3D2F1 3T3‐a cells caused Gl arrest along with G2 arrest and inhibition of replicative DNA synthesis. When the cells were cultured in the presence of inhibitors of poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase [EC 188.8.131.52], such as 3‐aminobenzamide, benzamide and luminol, Gl arrest of C3D2F1 3T3‐a cells was suppressed and enhancement of G2 arrest was observed. In contrast, 3‐aminobenzoic acid, a non‐inhibitory analog of 3‐aminobenzamide, did not suppress Gl arrest following γ‐irradiation. These results suggest that the poly(ADP‐ribosyDation reaction is critical for the pathway of Gl arrest and is also involved in the pathway of G2 arrest.


FOr the history reason of Year2000 problem, this paper describes the main problems of Computer Systems should face at the end of this century. According to the Century Compliance Principle, the technical solution and the detailed test contents are displayed.


AIM
To develop a strategic model of participation in policy development for nurses in Thailand.

BACKGROUND
Public health policies inevitably affect nursing practice, service delivery and the nursing workforce. Available evidence indicates that nurses have minimal participation in policy development.

INTRODUCTION
Nurses' participation in public health policy development is essential to developing and maintaining an efficient, high-quality healthcare system.

METHODS
The Delphi method was used to develop the strategic model based on the input of fifteen nurse experts who were interviewed over three Delphi rounds. Data were analysed descriptively to identify items to be retained or dropped, and the final list of statements was verified by all participants to establish the strategic model of participation.

FINDINGS
The strategic model contains twenty-five participation strategies for nurses wishing to engage with public health policy development. Within the model, the priorities as identified by clinical nurses, nurse leaders, nurse researchers and scholars, nursing educational institutions and nursing professional organizations are acknowledged.

CONCLUSION
The model represents a consensus of values related to policy participation by nurses and the results align with similar studies. The inclusion of different nursing groups in promoting and developing strategies to participate in policy development ensures that all nurses have a role to play in developing nursing capacity for effective health policy engagement.

IMPLICATION FOR NURSING POLICY
Nursing involvement in policies that affect them and their practice is fundamental to establishing good public policy. This research provides a clear mechanism for the development of nurses' awareness and abilities to become involved in policy development and review processes.


The aim of this study is to determine the narcissism and positive thinking scores of the disabled athletes. The sample of the study was selected by a total of 40 physically disabled athletes from the branches of swimming, football, basketball and athletics who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. In the study, Positive Thinking Scale, which was validated and trusted by Akin et al. in 2015, and Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI-16) which was validated and trusted by Salim ATAY in 2009, were used as data collection tool. For analyses of the data, Portable IBM SPSS Statistics v20 software package was used. Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test was applied in order to decide whether data has normal distribution and it is observed that data has not normal distribution. "ANOVA-Homogeneity of variance" was applied to test the homogeneity of variances and it is determined that data is homogenous. For analyses of the data, Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient analysis were applied in the analysis of the data. As a result of the statistical analysis carried out, it was determined that there is a positive relationship between the scores of narcissism and the positive thinking skill of physically disabled athletes. Article visualizations:


Diamond like carbon films have been successfully deposited on the steel substrate, by using a single ion gun with varying beam source. The films may appear blue, yellow and transparent in color, which was found related to contaminants from the sample holder and could be avoided. The thickness of the films ranges from tens up to 200 nanometers, and the hardness is in the range 20 to 30 GPa. Raman analytical results reveal the films are in amorphous structure. The effects of different beam source on the films structure are further discussed.


When Bernardo Vorobow—Brazil's "Mr. Cinematheque" and filmmaker Carlos Adriano's life partner and filmmaking collaborator—died, Adriano struggled to recover from his loss by making what became a series of cine-elegies that reflect on his life with Vorobow and their immersion in world cinema of all kinds. Adriano recycles image, sound, and poetry from a wide variety of films and writers into complex and engaging montages that are simultaneously deeply personal and cine-globally aware—poignant and challenging homages to Vorobow and to the creative spirit energizing Adriano's recovery from his loss (and, as is clear in his most recent video, his discovery of a new partner). This is the first career interview with Adriano, who is dedicated to honoring, and creating, Brazilian contributions to world film history.


In this paper, a comprehensive model of cascade brushless doubly-fed aeroplane generator is developed on the analysis of aeroplane generator's structure and the principle of variable speed constant frequency electricity generating. Furthermore, a simulation model of brushless direct current machine derived from this model is established in SIMULINK development environment to verify the validity of the model. In order to overcome the defects of hypo-best PI parameters by conventional method of trial and error, the real-coded genetic algorithms is adopted to optimize the parameters of rotate speed in which the fitness function is considered sufficiently for capturing systemic error and controlled output. The simulation results show that the best PI parameters can be quickly educed by adopting stator field orientation vector control theory and genetic algorithm. It is guaranteed that the power system output remains constant frequency and constant voltage of three phase ac under the circumstances of speed changing. However, the control strategy is considered as valid and effective.


The paper provides an overview on potential network alternative investments like standalone electrical storages integrated close to Helsinki metropolitan office areas, suitable storage technologies and feasible idea for future corporate communities to emerge. The calculation was provided for the selected office areas: Pasila-Vallilla-Sdrnainen-Kalasatama (Helsinki), Keilaniemi-Otaniemi-Tapiola-Niittykumpu-Olari-Matinkyla (Espoo) and Aviapolis (Vantaa). The author formed prime theoretical study on potential of standalone storages to integrate into the grid as part of distribution network in the business areas with possibility of Corporate Electrical Communities to be formed. The method was composed with support of Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP) software taking into account both growth of the population around the selected areas and jobs there by 2030. Besides, the result was expected to confirm the necessity of the distribution companies to own the standalone electrical storages as part of the network system.


The full consumption insurance implication of complete-markets models is tested using CEX data from 1995 through 1998. Cross-sectional tests are performed, rather than pooled time-series, cross-sectional regressions. Four different measures of consumption and two different measures of income, pre-tax and after-tax income, are used in implementing the tests. The results of the tests are not sensitive to the choice of income measure, which suggests that the U.S. tax system is not an important part of the consumption insurance mechanism, if indeed one exists at all. As has been found in previous studies, power (CRRA) utility is broadly inconsistent with the full insurance hypothesis, whereas exponential (CARA) utility is less inconsistent with the hypothesis. ∗E-mail address: email@example.com.


Carbon-fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are widely applied to high-grade, precision and advanced industry fields due to its high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios. However, its poor through-thickness properties is becoming an issue. The objective of this study is to examine electrophoresis deposition (EPD) process of depositing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) onto the carbon fabric surface for enhancing the through-thickness strength. The neutral HNTs were negatively charged and dispersed by adding sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in aqueous solution and the CFRPs were fabricated using Vacuum-assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VaRTM). The bending strength and modulus, interlaminar shear strength, Mode I and Mode II fracture toughness were obtained according to ASTM standards. Electronic scanning microscope (SEM) were adopted to do the micromorphology observation.


In this study, the mean-field Ising model, using the Bogolyubov inequality which has been obtained in the framework of the generalized statistical thermodynamics (GST), suitable for non-extensive systems, has been investigated. Generalized expressions for the mean-field magnetization and free energy have been established. These new results have been verified by the fact that they transform to the well-known Boltzmann-Gibbs results in the q -~ 1 limiting case. For the index q which characterizes the fractal structure of the magnetic system, an interval has been established where the generalized mean-field free energy has a minimum and mean-field magnetization has a corresponding finite value. The interval of q is consistent with paramagnetic free spin systems.


PT. Mayer Indah Indonesia is a company engaged in the field of textile. In order to face business competition, there are several problems that often arise, namely not having supplier selection procedures. The supplier selection conducted by the company's purchasing department at this time is a direct survey and price comparison. supplier distance with the company so that shipping costs are high and ease of negotiation and payment systems. So the supplier selection needs to be done by using the right method in accordance with company standards, namely weighted product (wp) with the aim of providing information to companies about alternative methods that can be used in objectively selecting suppliers and providing input on the performance of suppliers. Keywords: Selection, Chemical Supplier, Best, Weighted Product.


The problem of finite-time stabilization for a class of nontriangular nonlinear system is studied based on fuzzy logic systems. By applying the sign functions in the control functions, a power form of the error is improved to ensure a continuous stabilizer and a continuous differentiable Lyapunov function, thereby ensuring finite time stability. Then, by introducing the global Barrier Lyapunov functions and finite time stability theory, a novel approach is proposed to construct a reliable controller when all the state variables are constrained. The results show that the system output can well follow the specified reference signal in finite time, and all signals in the system are guaranteed within fixed limits. One simulation example demonstrates the feasibility of the approach developed in this paper.


It seems almost a miracle that contemporary methods of teaching have not yet completely stifled holy curiosity. A. Einstein My appeal in "A mathematical trivium" [1] that written examinations should be used in mathematics provoked many replies with criticism of oral and written examinations both from Russia and from other countries in Europe and America. The authors of many letters from Russia reckoned that instructors could solve, on average, one-third of the problems of the trivium [1]. On this basis they thought that the problems of the trivium were too difficult. This should probably be set against the fact that in the USSR about 40% of heads of mathematics departments have had no mathematical education, and the position will probably deteriorate even further. Written examinations in various mathematical subjects have been tried out in several Russian higher education institutions, so some conclusions can be drawn. The majority of the instructors taking part considered that it was easier to conduct written examinations than oral ones. Supprising as it may seem, copying is less of a danger than might have been expected, since it is easily detected (incorrect solutions are copied on the whole). The increase in the number of unsatisfactory marks (because students who have learnt nothing are shown up) can hardly be regarded as a shortcoming of a written examination. The selection of examination problems aroused the most frequent criticism. Here strange things sometimes happened (the appearance of which, however, is also useful: the personality of the setter and local traditions clearly appear in the character and the very formulation of the questions). For example, the official national American written examination (known by three initials, which I have forgotten) contained the following test-problem in 1992:


This paper reports the differences of the main compounds of essential oils extracted by steam distillation,petroleum ether leaching,and ether extraction from Lepidium meyenii Walpers cultivated in Lijiang of Yunnan Province,and ninety chemical components were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS).The research results show that the main compounds of essential oils by petroleum ether leaching are [(1,1-dimethylethoxy)methyl]-benzene(26.00%),N-(phenylmethyl)-acetamide(23.47%),and phthalic acid hexyl octyl ester(23.49%);and the main compound by steam distillation extraction is 1-isocyano-2-methyl-benzene(81.80%),while that by ether extraction from steam essential oil of Lepidium meyenii Walpers cultivated in Lijiang is benzyl nitrile(56.29%) and methoxy-acetaldehyde(10.35%).


OBJECTIVE
The aim of our study was to gain insight into how practitioners in mental health care support people with severe psychiatric disabilities in setting and pursuing personal goals that are meaningful to them.

METHOD
We conducted focus groups with 36 mental health practitioners in Norway and interpreted the data by using reflexive thematic analysis.

RESULTS
Four themes emerged from the analysis: (a) active collaboration to understand what is meaningful to the individual, (b) being nonjudgmental during the process of goal setting, (c) helping individuals break goals into smaller goals and steps, and (d) allowing time for the process of trying to achieve goals.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE
Although goal setting is central to the Illness Management and Recovery program, practitioners perceive the work as quite demanding. To succeed, practitioners need to acknowledge goal setting as a long-lasting and shared process, not as a means to an end. As people with severe psychiatric disability often need help in goal setting, practitioners should play an important role in supporting them in setting goals, making plans for achieving them, and taking actual steps in that direction. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).


Infertility—the inability to achieve a pregnancy after a year or more of regular, unprotected intercourse, or the inability to carry a pregnancy to a live birth—will be experienced by 15 percent of the childbearing population at any time. This study investigates the effect of various factors related to infertility on women's self-esteem and the concomitant incidence of depression. Sixty-one women completed instruments measuring self-esteem, depression, locus of control, and social support. Results are discussed with implications for counseling.


To simplify the inverter topology and suppress the leakage current more effectively, a novel transformerless dual‐frequency grid‐connected inverter with a common direct current (DC) bus is proposed. The proposed inverter retains the advantages of the traditional dual‐frequency inverter such as high efficiency and absence of resonance. In the novel topology, the power unit adopts the highly efficient reliable inverter concept (HERIC) topology with a unipolar modulation strategy, and the auxiliary unit adopts the H‐bridge topology with a bipolar modulation strategy. It is verified that the circulating current between the two units can be eliminated in the proposed inverter. The sensitivity of the circulating current is discussed by considering the tolerance of the filter inductances. In the leakage current equivalent circuit, the DC bus of the power unit is connected to the grid through a low‐impedance branch in parallel with the parasitic capacitance. Therefore, the leakage current is effectively suppressed. Finally, the experimental results are provided to verify the performance of the inverter.


Study Design. Case report and review of the literature. Objective. We describe the first case of a synovial cyst arising from pseudarthrosis of a previous dens fracture. The literature is reviewed and etiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic options of atlantoaxial cysts are discussed. Summary of Background Data. Symptomatic synovial cysts of the atlantoaxial joint are rare. To the authors' knowledge only 24 cases have been reported. A 60-year-old patient presented with bilateral hand numbness, quadrihyperreflexia, and gait deterioration. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine disclosed a cystic mass located at the transverse ligament of dens axis causing bulbomedullary compression. Methods. Surgery was performed via transoral image guided approach. The ventral atlas arch, dens, transverse ligament, tectorial membrane, and the compressing cyst were removed, followed by a C0–C3 fusion. Results. Two months postsurgery the patient recovered completely from the cervical myelopathy with transient remnant dysparesthesia of the finger tips. Conclusion. Magnetic resonance imaging findings are not specific enough to establish a preoperative diagnosis. Radical resection via image-guided transoral route followed by posterior fusion allows complete resection of the cystic lesion and results in excellent long-term decompression.


High rate of biomass fuel use such as plant residue and firewood as the main source of cooking fuel for households in Bauchi state is one of the major factors that cause problems like; indoor air pollution, desertification, soil erosion,lung cancer and other visual problems.This is a pilot study conducted to assess the factors that influence the choice of household main source of cooking fuel in Bauchi state, Nigeria.Being a pilot study, the main aim is to carry out a feasibility analysis in order to ascertain the possibility of conducting a study on the factors influencing household cooking fuel choice in Bauchi state.A total of 30 households were chosen systematically from one rural and one urban areas of the state. Logit regression model was used to analyse the data.Cronbach's alpha value of 0.71 shows a good reliability and accepted as a valid study and analysis.Therefore, a study to analyse the determinants of household cooking fuel choice in Bauchi state is feasible and may likely discover a valid conclusion that may benefit particularly, the people of Bauchi state.The Logit results show that marital status of the household head, income, number of rooms, nature of the home building and size of the house; are the variables that significantly and positively related to the odd of adopting modern cooking fuel sources. Therefore, policies to increase these factors
will encourage households in Bauchi state to adopt modern sources of cooking fuels. On the other hand, age of the household head, gender of the household head and home appliances are negatively and significantly related to the odd of adopting modern cooking fuel sources.Therefore policies to discourage these factors; will encourage the
households in Bauchi state to reduce the use of traditional biomass fuels for cooking purpose.


lustration, For many years it occupied first place in almost any list of Ibooks for Sunday-school teachers. It was an ambitious undertaking for Professor Campbell to take thiselassio and reduce it to a hundred. pages, preserving its original flavor and at the same time Ibringing it ,,'down to date." He has, however, made a pretty good job of it. In the first edition there was some lack of balance in the chapters, some over emphases and under emphases, 'but these defects are being largely remedied in a second edition which will be immediately availalble. The book serves as an excellent link between the old and the new. 'There is much in the older viewpoint of teaching that ought not to be lost,even though conditions have so changed as to make this approach to teaching anacronistie. Dr. Trumbull, it will be recalled, conceived teaching from the standpoint of the teacher ",causing another to know." Professor Campbell shifts the emphasis and gives us a teacher" helping another to know. " There is ,a real difference in the two viewpoints, and this serves to illustrate the way in which the reviser has sought to put new wine in the old skins. The book makes easy reading and teaching and ought to bridge the gap until a brand new book of equal value may be 'produced. G. S. DOBBINS.


Despite significant economic benefits of manufacture upgrade from original equipment manufacturing, through to original design manufacturing to own brand manufacturing, research on interfirm relationship development during the process of manufacture upgrade has remained underdeveloped. This article examines different types of interfirm relationships and their impact on manufacture upgrade using case studies of electronics firms located in the Pearl River Delta. The findings suggest that three iterative processes support relationship development: resource seeking, learning and networking. These processes influence relationship development for both vertical and horizontal relations through trust-based personal relationships. In particular, the insights provided by relational view of interfirm relationships appear to complement and support economic goals of governance mechanisms.


forms the technique after the urethra the clinical diagnosis, in clinical center must pay attention to following several points: (1) the surgery opportunity choice, regarding has the inflammation to cause the dropsy patient, should first partially sterilize, avoids the mark twin shrinking, prevented narrow further aggravates. (2) the technique -like choice, first needs correctly to diagnose the narrow spot, is narrow and the length, the essential fashionable X urethra makes carries on the diagnosis.


I address the issue of the excellence in judgmentmaking,_ its concept and characterisation. Our concept is basically derived from Aristotle's phronesis and Izutsu's consciousness (Bewusstsein), although many other authors are drawn upon when needed. We retain the use of the term 'phronesis' (or its translation as 'wisdom' or 'practical wisdom') to emphasise its conceptual dependence on Aristotle (1934`, VI`, 4). At the same time, however, this book, through its title, stresses its conceptual derivation from Toshihiko Izutsu's main work, Consciousness and Quiddity (Izutsu, T., 1983; 1991) in that it is inspired by the metaphysical thesis of the Japanese philosopher.


Based on analysis of characteristics of atmospheric circulation and physical parameter field on each layer,and analysis of hourly digital satellite image data,a heavy snowstorm process that occurred in Ningxia Guyuan during 17-18 October in 2002 was studied.Results show that three air currents on middle and low layers play an important role in this process,the low vortex and the warm shear line are key influencing systems,and the vapour transport comes from the low layer primarily.The study also revealed the fact that meso-microscale system is active in winter heavy precipitation in Ningxia.


Testimony before the U.S. House of Representatives Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, contending that Section 798 of the Espionage Act, prohibiting the publication of classified information regarding U.S. communications capabilities, can constitutionally be applied to the media, for several reasons: 1) A majority of the Justices in the Pentagon Papers case recognized that prior restraints on publication of highly sensitive, classified information regarding ongoing military and communications operations would be permissible; 2) The prospect of post-publication liability for violating the Espionage Act was also recognized by a majority of the Justices; and 3) The Freedom of Press Clause of the First Amendment is equally applicable to citizens and the institutional media.