Ligament balancing is considered a prerequisite for survival in total knee arthroplasty. However, there is no consensus on how to measure ligament balance intra-operatively and the degree of stability obtained after different balancing techniques is not clarified. An accurate management of ligament balance is an essential surgical factor, having repercussions on several aspects, thus minimizing the need for revision surgery. A balanced knee entails a rectangular tibio-femoral gap, that means a symmetrical medio-lateral balance at full extension and 90° of flexion, and a balanced flexion–extension gap without medio-lateral laxity or tightness.


The presented circuit was designed to meet all requirements of a fully software programmable single chip analogue subscriber line controller with a minimum number of external components. Using a standard 1 ¿m double metal double poly BiCMOS technology it was possible to meet the high demands concerning dynamic range, noise, linearity and power supply rejection, together with an adequate logic process for the DSP-demands.


In order to study the choice of flow control strategies of pre-timed control under different mainline and ramp volume, the research on adaptability of the three different flow control strategies (single-lane one vehicle per green, single-lane two vehicle per green, single-lane three vehicle per green) has been done using microscopic traffic simulation software-Vissim5.0. Through the comparison of expressway operation indexes under the three flow control strategies, the adaptability and the reference for the choice of pre-timed flow control strategies have been obtained.


Objectives: This paper outlines the design, delivery and evaluation of a hybrid face-to-face/online Essential Teaching Skills for Preceptors in Family Medicine course. Methods: Eighty-six preceptors attended one of ten fourhour Essential Teaching Skills for Preceptors course workshops. Data were collected through post-workshop evaluation surveys, post-module online evaluation surveys, postworkshop focus groups, and a final online reflective exercise. Focus groups were audiotaped, transcribed and analyzed by grouping common codes together to form themes. Evaluation surveys were analyzed using descriptive statistics and response frequencies. Results: A total of 79% (68/86) workshop participants completed the post-workshop evaluation survey. However, only 36% (31/86) of workshop participants completed the online modules and online evaluation surveys. Preceptors' responses from the focus groups and open-ended questions on the workshop evaluation survey emerged into seven themes: Sharing, Content, Support, Learning, Back to Basics, Course Facilitators, and Improvements. Conclusions: Faculty appreciated that the course development team addressed their expressed desire to become better teachers and offered 'in-house' faculty development. Low participation in the online modules indicated that preceptors preferred the face-to-face workshop. It is our expectation that other family medicine departments, as well as faculties of medicine, can benefit from our experiences designing and teaching the Essential Teaching Skills course as well as from using or adapting the ready-made workshop


Recent literature dealing with the community college during the decade of the 1970's speaks of a new student clientele to be served. A profile gleaned from reading reports of the Carnegie Commission or research findings of such authorities as K. Patricia Cross and Edmund J. Gleazer, Jr. describes the future student as older, with an interval of various types of experience between high school and college attendance, who increasingly will be a part-time student while attending the community college.'


Although the majority of the minor planets evidently arose as the result of fragmentation of larger planetary objects through collisions, there is a certain amount of evidence that some of them may be defunct cometary nuclei. Opik (e.g. 1963) has long felt that the Apollo asteroids, with their perihelia inside the orbit of the earth, are especially likely to be ex-comets. Their aphelia are well inside the orbit of Jupiter (unlike those of the short-period comets), but this could be explained by the action of nongravitational forces when they were comets, just as the secular acceleration of P/Encke has apparently caused that comet's aphelion distance to decrease to the present 4.1 AU. The radii of these objects, 1 to 5 km or so, are quite comparable with those of cometary nuclei (Roemer, 1966); further, Wetherill (1968, 1969) has shown that large meteoroids, and in particular chondritic meteorites, apparently come from typically cometary orbits with perihelia near the orbit of the earth and aphelia near that of Jupiter.


Research increasingly shows links between trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and cognitive functioning. We know relatively little about the long-term cognitive correlates of exposure to trauma, especially in civilian populations exposed to war and political violence. Objective: Our goal was to examined short-term memory (STM) and executive function 20 years after the 1994 genocide of the Tutsis in Rwanda. We hypothesized that performance on these tasks would be negatively related to trauma exposure and to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Method: In two studies, 470 Rwandan participants answered questionnaires measuring the severity of experiences that occurred during the 1994 genocide and current levels of PTSD symptoms. In both studies, we tested STM using a forward digit span task. In the second study, we also measured executive function using a semantic fluency task. Results: There were modest but significant negative links between the severity of experiences during the genocide and STM function more than 20 years after. Current levels of PTSD symptoms were also related to STM and executive function. Conclusions: This study reveals the important link between exposure to highly emotional events and cognitive function and highlights the need to attend not only to the mental health but also to the cognitive health of populations exposed to political violence.


Abstract : The open heart surgery patients has a large median sternotomy cause to acute pain from tissue injury and damage. The patients have pain and distress affect on physiology and psychology. Then we will study about nursing for reduce pain and distress. Objective: The object of this study was to study the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on acute pain and distress in open heart surgery patients. Materials and Methods : This research was a quasi-experimental research. The samples were assigned into experimental group and control group by purposive sampling and matched pair, 16 patients each group. The experimental group was treated by routine nursing care and progressive muscle relaxation. For control group, they were treated by routine nursing care only. Evaluation pain and distress before and after listened to progressive muscle relaxation tape15, 30 and 60 minute. Recorded analgesic and observed behavior respond to acute pain both control group and experimental group. Design: Quasi-experimental research and Pretest-posttest control group design Setting: Queen Sririkit heart center of the Northeast, Khon Kaen University Population and Samples: The valvular heart disease patients, post open heart surgery. The samples were assigned into experimental group and control group by purposive sampling.16 patients each group, total 32 patients. Results: The finding show that, experimental group pain score less than control at 0.05 significant level and experimental group distress score less than control at 0.05 significant level. The number of analgesic and behavior respond to acute pain is not difference both control group and experimental group at 0.05 significant level. Conclusion: The progressive muscle relaxation affects to reduce acute pain and distress in the open heart surgery patients. Key words: Progressive muscle relaxation, Acute Pain, Distress, Open Heart Surgery Patients


Many believe some version of all three of the following. (1) It is strongly presumptively wrong to kill children intentionally. (2) Modern war involves killing children intentionally. (3) Most modern wars are morally justified. These three sentences comprise an inconsistent triad. War Realism denies 1. Just War Theory denies 2. Pragmatic or Conditional Pacifism denies 3. Scrutiny reveals that one can justify, depending on the rest of what one believes, any one of the three positions but they cannot all be true. I suggest that the solution lies with pragmatic pacifism and relies upon James's sentiment of rationality.


Renal proximal tubule phosphate transport is dependent on apical membrane expression of Npt2a. Previous studies have suggested a role for PI3 kinase in endocytosis and exocytosis. We tested the hypothesis that PI3 kinase is required for apical membrane insertion of Npt2a by examining the effect of PI3 kinase inhibition and activation on Npt2a expression and phosphate uptake in opossum kidney (OK) cells, a model of renal proximal tubule. Treatment with the PI3 kinase inhibitors LY 294002 (LY) or wortmannin produced a time and dose dependent inhibition of phosphate uptake, 40–50% max after 24 h. Western blot showed that LY decreased Npt2a expression by 20%. PTH, a potent downregulator of Npt2a, did not further decrease phosphate uptake after maximal inhibition with LY but did so after submaximal inhibition by LY. Pretreatment with LY blunted the increase in phosphate uptake in response to incubation in low phosphate medium but did not block recovery of Npt2a expression. To determine the effect of PI3 kinase activation, OK cells were treated with products of PI3‐kinase activation, phosphatidylinositol 2 phosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidylinositol 3 phosphate (PIP3). PIP3 but not PIP2 increased apical membrane expression of Npt2a as shown by confocal microscopy. Treatment of the cells with the Golgi poison Brefeldin A followed by treatment with PIP3 blocked PIP3‐stimulated apical membrane expression of Npt2a. We conclude 1) PI3 kinase is required for apical membrane insertion of Npt2a but not for PTH‐mediated endocytosis; 2) PI3 kinase may play a role in membrane retention of Npt2a; 3) PI3 kinase effect is distal to the Golgi.


Along with the company's low cost operation requirment,the ironmaking plant of anyang iron and steel Co.,Ltd.has adopted a series of measures to reduce the cost.Special attention was paid to the burden material,enhanced the management of the raw material and fuel,including optimize the ratio structure of sintering ore blending,optimize the ratio of coal blending of coking,optimize the burden structure of the blast furnace,and a series of measures have been taken to optimize the metallurgy performance of the raw material and fuel,to intensify the blast-furnace smelting and improve the level of management,so that the cost of ironmaking has a significant reduction.


We present a logic for proving security properties of protocols that use nonces (randomly generated numbers that uniquely identify a protocol session) and public-key cryptography. The logic, designed around a process calculus with actions for each possible protocol step, consists of axioms about protocol actions and inference rules that yield assertions about protocols composed of multiple steps. Although assertions are written using only steps of the protocol, the logic is sound in a stronger sense: each provable assertion about an action or sequence of actions holds in any run of the protocol that contains the given actions and arbitrary additional actions by a malicious attacker. This approach lets us prove security properties of protocols under attack while reasoning only about the sequence of actions taken by honest parties to the protocol. The main security-specific parts of the proof system are rules for reasoning about the set of messages that could reveal secret data and an invariant ride called the "honesty rule".


Two natural notions of hardness of computational problems are worst-case hardness which measures how hard the hardest instance of a problem is, and average-case hardness which is a measure of how hard it is to solve a randomly given instance. While the former is the more traditional notion, it might be argued that it is the latter that truly captures the complexity of the problem. From a cryptographic viewpoint too, it is the average-case complexity that is important.
This dissertation studies the connection between the two notions of complexity for specific problems, particularly ones involving lattices. The most important such problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP): Given a lattice, compute a shortest non-zero vector in it. We improve upon a result of Miklos Ajtai who proved that the average-case hardness of this problem over a certain class of lattices was equivalent to the worst-case hardness of other lattice problems. Since these latter problems are thought to be hard in the worst-case, this says that the SVP on that class is hard on average. This is significant for the security of a future cryptosystem based on the SVP. We also present a worst-case hardness result for the SVP, proving that it is NP-hard to find an approximately short vector in a given lattice.
A graph-theoretic application of lattices is also shown. The graphs considered are called circulant graphs and the problem is to find a shortest loop in such a graph. With every circulant graph is associated a lattice and finding a shortest loop in the graph is the same as finding a shortest vector in the lattice. This enables us to apply lattice techniques to study the complexity of this problem.
Finally, moving away from lattices, we show that a hierarchy exists for a probabilistic complexity class under certain hardness assumptions. The assumptions are worst-case, but for a hierarchy theorem to be proved, average-case hardness is required. We make use of standard techniques to effect the conversion. This once again underlines the usefulness of a connection between these two kinds of computational complexity.


The complexity of enterprise groups decides the necessity to strengthen the financial management,the mechanism of which has an important influence on it.From a perspective of shareholders,the author of this paper studies financial decision-making mechanism and financial incentive and constraint mechanism which can contribute to the improvement of financial managing efficiency.


Objective:To study the long term effect of peptic ulcer patients with H.pylori infection treated by methods of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine.Method:Ninety four peptic ulcer patients with H.pylori infection were divided into 3 groups and treated respectively with Yiwei tablets(YT),triple therapy(TDB,Metronidazole,Amoxicillin,i.e.TT) and combined therapy of YT and TT,and followed up for 3 years after the therapy.Results:Recurence rates of peptic ulcer and H.pylori infection were 26.67% in TT group,but 6.25% in combined therapy group(YT+TT),9.38% and 12.50% in YT group.Conclusion:Combined therapy of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine had both better the long term effect and lower recurence rate.


This paper researches into web-based teaching and learning self-directed platform. It can be described as three aspects: strategy analysis, infrastructural framework, and design method and visualization technology. Firstly, the three kinds of strategy relationship among different elements of web-based teaching and learning self-directed platform is discussed for strategy analysis, secondly, the infrastructural framework of curriculum internet platform is provided according to the strategy model, thirdly, the design visualization model of web-based platform is presented for improving learning navigation. The curriculum platform of supply chain management is cited as a case study for introducing the platform website details of fifteen convenient functions. Finally, the feature and evaluation of teaching and learning self-directed platform are empirically given for the reference of application in the paper.


A description is given of a relatively simple method for determining imperfections of the shape and microdefects on the reflecting surfaces of solids of revolution (balls and rollers). It is shown that the method is characterized by an interference sensitivity to surface geometry defects and by a relatively high immunity to errors.


We present calculations on the atomic delay in photoionzation obtained with different combinations of linearly and circularly polarized light, and show how a tensor operator approach can be used to readily obtain results for any combination from a single calculation of the radial integrals. We find that for certain choices of polarization and detection geometry a single time-delay measurement is enough to extract the atomic delay since the relative phase in a RABBIT type measurement will be imprinted on the photo electron anisotropy. We show further that the full angular dependence can be qualitatively understood from a plane wave analysis. The results are illustrated by many-body calculations of two-photon above threshold ionization on argon.


It's hard to discuss the safety of a kid's world without thoughts of the Newtown, Connecticut, tragedy of 2012 entering into my mind. How sad that was! Twenty 6- and 7-year-olds murdered by a mentally ill gunman. Most folks would like to do something to prevent such tragedies, but answers to the question "how?" aren't easy. Some say increased gun control, while others want to put police officers in every school. It seems to me that as long as there are severely disturbed individuals walking our streets that aren't receiving help, there will always be diabolical ways for them to lash out and hurt the innocent. I wonder how this most recent tragedy affects young children of today in Newtown, Connecticut, as well as across the country. No doubt those closest to the tragedy will show the greatest effect. How much more fear of the unknown and mistrust of those around them has been introduced into their lives? It's tough enough dealing with the unavoidable fears of childhood, like the boogeyman under the bed or in the closet that comes out at night; kids don't need the added fears of these tragedies. Many will probably view school differently now, no longer believing that school is a safe haven. Add another item to the list of places to feel insecure. Additionally, many more parents may turn to homeschooling.... Language: en


Although Vanadium is essential to human,it is toxic to animals and plants if they are receive too much of it.Mining is one of the main causes for the increasing pollution of heavy metals in soil.Recently,people pay more and more attention to the pollution of vanadium in the soil.Soil samples were collected in the Panzhihua Park in dry season and rainy season respectively.Geochemical forms of vanadium in the soil were studied by improved BCR extraction procedure.In addition,the regional patterns of geochemical speciation and variety factors of vanadium were discussed.The pollution and potential ecological risk of vanadium in the soils were assessed.It was indicated that the chemical speciation of vanadium was characteristic of residualoxidisablereducibleacid soluble,and there was no clearly different speciation of vanadium in soil between dry season and rainy season.It was also showed that the high mass fraction of speciation of vanadium was in the entrance of the park,where the stream of people density was high than other places.While in children pleasure ground and rest area the high abnormity of vanadium is not obvious.According to Chinese soil background value,the pollution index of vanadium in soil in the park is high and exceeds standard rate of 100%.While according to environmental quality standard of vanadium in soil of Canadian park,the pollution index is lower,but still have half of the samples over the standard.In addition,the pollution index is higher in rainy season than in dry season.Finally,the ecological risk of vanadium in the soil was low by Risk Assessment Code(RAC),so attention should be paid to the vanadium pollution in the area.


Objective To examine the absolute risks or benefits on cancer associated with oral contraception, using incident data. Design Inception cohort study. Setting Royal College of General Practitioners' oral contraception study. Participants Directly standardised data from the Royal College of General Practitioners' oral contraception study. Main outcome measures Adjusted relative risks between never and ever users of oral contraceptives for different types of cancer, main gynaecological cancers combined, and any cancer. Standardisation variables were age, smoking, parity, social class, and (for the general practitioner observation dataset) hormone replacement therapy. Subgroup analyses examined whether the relative risks changed with user characteristics, duration of oral contraception usage, and time since last use of oral


It is recognized that non-timber forest products (NTFP) are important for the well-beig of many rural communities and contribute to the conservation of tropicl forest. As an approach to understanding the impact of harvesting and from the review of several studies, this paper sets out the consequenses of this activity in different ecological levels (individuals, populations and ecosystems) and the ways and purposes of harvesting, intoducing the current status and trends of research leading to a sustainable une and management of NTFP. We conclude that the study of these products in a systemic way is a priority, and that ir must go beyond the biological and ecological context, and involve the social, economic, cultural and political context through the development f pattern-predictive models, which could the non-reduction of these resources.


The nonlinear, or null gravitational memory effect for zoom-whirl orbits around fast spinning Kerr black holes for extreme mass ratio systems has a staircase structure. The latter is characterized by a periodic fast increase in the memory during the whirl phases of the orbit, and near constant levels when the orbit is near apoapsis. We study the contribution of different spherical harmonic modes to this effect, and discuss the relative importance thereof. Because the hereditary memory effect increases in magnitude linearly in the number of periapsis passages on a dynamical time scale, while the oscillatory parent gravitational waves are sourced by an orbit that evolves on a much longer radiation reaction time scale, the magnitude of the former relative to the latter increases with time. We also consider orphan memory and the memory effect for extreme mass ratio inspirals. We then discuss the prospect of detection with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA).


The low potential c-type cytochrome, cytochrome c-552, was first found by Yamagutchi [1], who presented the spectroscopic evidence for its existence. It was later found that the biosynthesis of this c-type cytochrome was depressed under anaerobic conditions [2] and could further be induced by the presence of nitrate or nitrite [3]. The inductive effect of nitrite on both the biosynthesis of cytochrome c-552 and the nitrite-reducing activity plus the rapid reoxidation of reduced cytochrome c-552 by nitrite had led to the suggestion that cytochrome c-552 was involved in the anaerobic reduction of nitrite. Further study, however, did not support this idea since the recombination of cytochrome c-552 with the nitritereducing fractions (from which the cytochrome c-552 had been removed) did not cause the stimulation of NADH-nitrite oxidoreductase (EC 184.108.40.206) activity [4], which has been shown to be the main physiological nitrite-reducing activity [5]. Moreover, the purification of the NADH-nitrite oxidoreductase (EC 126.96.36.199) has recently been reported and the purified enzyme was not found to be a hemoprotein but, instead, contained 0.4 mol of flavin/mol of enzyme [6]. Mutants have also been isolated which are devoid of nitrite reductase activity but still retain the capacity to synthesize the cytochrome c-552 at significant levels [7]. In the present study, we have purified the cytochrome c-552 to homogeneity, characterized some of its properties, and reevaluated its role in the NADHdependent nitrite reduction which also involves a co-purified NADH oxidase. An electron transport pathway from NADH to nitrite involving both the cytochrome c-552 and the NADH oxidase is proposed.


The authors have proposed a method of generating synthetic speech with emotion by creating three copora of emotional speech for use with CHATR [1][2], the concatenative speech synthesis system developed at ATR [3][4]. The corpora express joy, anger and sadness. For the previous trial, speech corpora were made with female voice. Having added speech corpora of male voice, the authors developed a prototype of a speech synthesis system with emotion, "CHATAKO," which works on a notebook PC in Japanese language environment. The ultimate goal of this system is to assist people with communication problems. In this paper, first, design principles are stated, followed by system configuration and the evaluation on the synthetic speech with emotion generated by our method.


By virtue of the modified Riesz kernel introduced by Qiao (2012), we give the integral representations for solutions of the Neumann problems in a half space.


Twenty-two patients with Fuch's heterochromic cyclitis had a posterior chamber intraocular lens implanted after extracapsular cataract extraction. After a mean follow-up period of 2.5 years (range, 6 to 70 months) half the patients had a visual acuity of 1.0 or more. The results compare favourably with those in the general population.


Rheumatic fever is a systemic disease that affects children with a previous Group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus infection. Clinical manifestations are variable: joints, heart, skin or central nervous system can be involved. We report a case of a Caucasian 8 year old boy with rheumatic fever, who presented with a stroke as first sign of the disease. Stroke is not a typical manifestation of rheumatic fever and was caused by a cardioembolic event secondary to the carditis.


Transient signals caused by lightning strikes on transmission lines may interfere with the distance measuring devices relying on traveling wave. A synthesized method based on the additional components of disturbed current is proposed to distinguish between lightning interference, lightning fault and short-circuit fault. Firstly, since the disturbed current waveform generated by lightning interference and faults are distinct in the time domain, transient current components over and below timeline are respectively integrated to identify lightning interference from faults. And then, due to the distribution differences of current in the frequency domain, multi-scale transformation of wavelet is adopted to analyze the energy spectrum of transient current generated by short-circuit fault and faults of lightning. Numerous PSCAD simulation results demonstrate the proposed method is valid and correct.


In studying the hydro-ecological conditions in northwestern Sichuan of southwestern China, an area at the edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, stream waters were extensively sampled and analyzed for the stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios (  H and  18 O) which are often excellent indicators for a water body genesis and evolvement. The heavy isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen were found to be, in general, gradually depleted from east to west in the region; the phenomenon is attributed mainly to continentality based on the assumption that the isotopic signatures in the precipitations were preserved in the stream waters. The   H and  18 O data from the Yangtze River basin were found to fall well on the global meteoric water line (GMWL), indicative of the fact that the runoff waters in this basin were primarily of meteoric origin with a regional weak evaporation prevailing during our sampling time. However, the isotopic data from a relatively small part of the area in the north belonging to the Yellow River basin are characterized by the appreciably flatter slope of the local water isotope line and lower dexcess values, suggesting that the steam waters had undergone significant evaporation due to kinetic fractionations of isotopes in a more arid climate. The stable isotope data were also applied in calculating water mixing for some selected rivers. This study represents a snapshot study of the area's hydro-ecology; more systematic studies are required in better understanding the seasonal hydrological variations.


The article copnsiders the scheme of turnpike research for discrete control systems and their sequential elaboration. A turnpike solution is while the transition from basic problem to the problem of lower degree by identification and exception of passive discrete chains. The efficiency of this approach is demonstrated on models of socio-ecological-economic systems which are concurned with actual problem solution of stable development.


At present, many applied universities in our country have set up specialized English Teaching in various majors. However, the old teaching system, traditional teaching ideas and teaching evaluation methods formed for a long time have a great deviation from this practical teaching concept of applied college English, which negatively effect the improvement of professional quality of English education. the analysis of universities which used application based english teaching revealed its limitations, This article promotes research and development on the application of English teaching in universities based on the application of the ESP concept. The research analysis based on the data of 300 teachers and students, collected from 12 colleges and universities which are using the application-oriented English teaching, and the comparison of the data changes of the Application-oriented College English teaching promotion and application of ESP concept to students' employment help, and the results are discussed and analyzed, and the reform strategies of Applying ESP concept in English Teaching of application-oriented undergraduate institutions are put forward, which can provide reference for the development of College English teaching Security. The investigation in this study will provide some practical suggestions for the further development of the two and find out the problems from them.


This paper describes how academic research can be used in end-user panels to create added value for international projects. The used research method is the scenario paradigm presenting the scenario work in a border security project. This study will not predict the future rather will indirectly affect to the public debate and the development projects. When using scenario work in international development projects, the key is to only make a rough outline on what is needed. There is a learning curve that should be taken into consideration, and after sufficient experience the level of difficulty should be raised. Altering the scenarios also works very well, and with the CBPI scenarios it ended up giving untough of results. All in all, scenarios provide a good tool not only for testing technology, as was done in the CBPI project. Instead, they proved useful also with AIRBEAM wise guys panel, where a certain situation should be explained to a group of people, whose previous experience might not cover different environments. However, without demonstrations to support the scenarios, these results cannot be applied.


Radioactive xerostomia is due to the changes of saliva in number,property and composition which caused by radiation damage to salivary glands of head and neck cancer patients after radiation radiotherapy.The prevention and treatment of radioactive xerostomia includes reducing the exposed volume and preventively administration of drugs.Chinese herbal medicine has played an active role in the prevention against radiation xerostomia.Scholars have applied Chinese herbal medicine to radiotherapy for head and neck cancer to improve local control rate and relieve,the pain caused by xerostomia and achieve good effect.


The chemisorption and decomposition of methanol (CH3OH) on Ni(111) has been studied by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) and flash‐deposition mass spectroscopy. The UPS spectra suggest that exposure at ∠80 K produces chemisorbed CH3OH in which the chemisorption interaction affects two molecular orbitals, the oxygen lone‐pair oriented perpendicular to the COH plane and an in‐plane orbital having mixed lone‐pair and σ‐bonding character. Upon warming to ∠160 K, some CH3OH desorption occurs and the UPS spectrum changes markedly. Further warming to ∠300 K produces H2 desorption and leaves chemisorbed CO as the final decomposition product on the surface.


The article is the third in the series of studies on underground urbanistics. It describes the concept of underground space development in the historic center of Irkutsk on the basis of the analysis made within the framework of master's thesis on the topic. Proposals on underground urbanistics in the territory of "Irkutsk Quarters" are thoroughly developed.


In this communication, photoelectrochemical (PEC) reforming of glucose was accomplished on hierarchical TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2 NTs). The presence of glucose significantly enhanced the PEC performance of TiO2 NTs, due to a negative shift of the onset potential and a lengthening of the electron lifetime, thus reducing the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes.


The paper presents observations of the intersystem line O I 1355.6 A and the allowed line C I 1355.8 A in solar flares. In flares, the intersystem O I line is weaker than the allowed C I line and the intensity ratio O I/C I is 0.3-0.7. On the other hand, in active regions, O I line is stronger than the C I line and O I/C I is about 1-2, while in quiet sun regions, the O I line is much stronger than the C I line and O I/C I not in excess of 20. The variation of the intensity ratio from quiet sun region to flares may be due to an electron density enhancement of a factor of about 50 in flares.


Background: Long COVID is an important public health concern requiring proper defining, quantifying and describing following SARS-CoV infection with differentiation from adverse events due to COVID vaccination. So, this study was planned to analyze adverse effect of COVID19 vaccination or drug for COVID treatment versus consequences of COVID19 infection.
Methods: Self-reported data was collected through questionnaire-based survey by voluntary participation of healthcare staff. Percentage of participant developing various events was analyzed by enlisting sign, symptom, co-morbidity and medication history. Association between COVID-19 infection with number of doses of COVID-19 vaccine taken was analyzed by Chi Square Test with p value <0.05. Association between presence of specific sign, symptom after COVID infection or side effect after COVID vaccination was analyzed by Chi-Square Test with p value <0.05.
Results: Overall total 985 (59.58%) participants were analyzed and among them maximum number of participants (60.30%) reported as COVID-19 positive during the third wave with history of diagnosed COVID positive twice (57.87%). Participants with presence of co-morbidity were more likely to develop symptoms (p<0.001). On analysis, fever, body ache, headache, sore throat and fatigue were significantly more likely to develop after COVID infection as compared to after COVID vaccination (p<0.001).
Conclusions: This study by exploratory survey highlights heterogeneity of Long COVID sign or symptom that's seen predominantly in person with co-morbidity and a few of them were mimicking adverse events after COVID vaccinations.


Abstract In search of potent antibacterial agents, a series of novel quinazolines, bearing thiazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole heterocycles 6a–j (3-(4-methyl-5-(4-((arylamino)methyl)-5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones) were synthesized and the structures of the compounds were elucidated by standard spectroscopic techniques. In order to evaluate their antibacterial potential, the antibacterial assay of synthesized compounds 6a–j was performed against MTCC strains, wherein compounds 6d (3-(4-methyl-5-(4-(((4-nitrophenyl)amino)methyl)-5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one) (Escherichia coli, MIC = 100 µg mL−1) and 6e (3-(5-(4-(((2-chlorophenyl)amino)methyl)-5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-4-methylthiazol-2-yl)-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one) (E. coli, MIC = 62.5 µg mL−1) were most active against Gram-negative bacteria while compound 6f (3-(5-(4-(((4-chlorophenyl)amino)methyl)-5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-4-methylthiazol-2-yl)-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one) (Staphylococcus aureus, MIC = 50 µg mL−1) was most active against Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, molecular docking simulation was performed to determine the probable binding mode and affinity of the synthesized compounds toward bacterial DNA gyrase. The preliminary results pave the way for further designing the thiazole based 1,3,4-oxadiazoles heterocycles for enhancing their potency as antibacterial agents. Graphical Abstract


BackgroundThe no-reflow phenomenon is a potential complication of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Predictors of the no-reflow phenomenon and the impact on long-term mortality remain unclear. MethodsTwo thousand and seventeen patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who had undergone primary PCI were consecutively enrolled in the multicentre Acute Myocardial Infarction registry of Korea. The no-reflow phenomenon was diagnosed on the basis of angiographic criteria. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. ResultsThe no-reflow phenomenon was diagnosed in 262 patients (13.0%). Independent predictors of no-reflow were older age, high Killip class, reduced pre-PCI thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade, and longer stent length in the culprit vessel. During a median follow-up period of 4.1 years (interquartile range: 3.0–5.2 years), patients with no-reflow showed a higher rate of mortality than that observed in patients with reflow (30.2 vs. 18.3%, P<0.001). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model identified the no-reflow phenomenon as an independent correlate of long-term mortality [adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12–1.86; P=0.004]. Time period-specific analyses demonstrated that the association between no-reflow and mortality was significant and stronger for short-term (<30 days) mortality (adjusted HR: 3.11; 95% CI: 1.91–5.05; P<0.001) but was not significant for longer-term mortality (≥30 days; adjusted HR: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.82–1.52; P=0.47). ConclusionIn patients with STEMI who had undergone primary PCI, the no-reflow phenomenon was an independent predictor of short-term but not long-term mortality.


The purpose of this study is to evaluate elite high school kayaker's iso-kinetic muscle function and provide physical training advices. Biodex system IV, Biodex stabilizer system, Inbody 3.0 and CNP-5403 are used to investigate 11 kayaker's muscle function(peak torque, average power and work fatigue), dynamic balance, body compositions, and flexibility. S4, S5, S8, S10, S11 are needed to train shoulder muscle strength and power. S5, S6, S10, S11 are needed to strengthen shoulder muscle endurance. S5, S7, S8, S10, S11 are needed to train knee muscle strength and power. S1, S4, S5, S10 are needed to strengthen knee muscle endurance. S3, S10, S11 are needed to train wrist muscle endurance. Based on these results we should establish an muscle function enhancing program with periodic inspection for elite kayakers. And standardized training program should be sublated.


A voltage rise problem in distribution networks has been discussed as the foremost concern with respect to the spread of large numbers of photovoltaic systems. We focus on the latent ability of the present distribution network and photovoltaic systems to find a low‐cost solution to the problem and consider a solution to mitigate the voltage rise using the photovoltaic system's constant leading power factor operation. Previously, based on simulations using an aggregated model of a real distribution network, we proposed that a combination of a photovoltaic system's constant leading power factor operation and LDC makes it possible to maintain the line voltage and LTC tap position adequately. In this paper, additionally, we confirm some effects of the proposed method in an aggregated model of a distribution network and a trunk power system. One of them is that the proposed method reduces the frequency of restricting output power from photovoltaic systems and changing the LTC and SVR tap position, although photovoltaic systems rapidly fluctuate. Another is that the proposed method cannot make a significant impact on a trunk power system in a voltage class exceeding 6.6 kV.


This paper examines the constitutional phases in a Cu-23Ti-17Sn(at.%) brazingalloy. There were five constituting phases in the Cu-23Ti-17Sn(at.%Sn) alloy, whichincluded intermetallic compounds CuSnTi3, Cu2SnTi3, CuSn3Ti5, Cu41Sn11 and solidsolution Cu-9at.% Sn. The mean grain size and relative abundance of Cu2SnTi3decreased with increase in holding time at 900¢J. CuSnTi3 existed as large facetedgrains and was more stable than Cu2SnTi3 at holding temperature higher than 900¢J.Cu2SnTi3 grains transformed into CuSnTi3 when isothermal holding temperatureincreased to 900¢J, and held for a longer time. There were two other constituting phases,Cu41Sn11 and Cu-9Sn, in the furnace-cooled specimen, which were thought to be theresult of an eutectoid reaction of the Cu-rich matrix. There was only one phase,Cu-14Sn, within the matrix because no eutectoid reaction occurred when the specimenwas quenched from 900¢J.


or brownish red, many diffuse and irregular; others smaller, firm, and distinctly nodular on pressure, when they were painful. No glands were enlarged. The urine contained albumin and excess of urates. Red blood corpuscles, 3,300,000; haemoglobin, 45 per cent.; moderate leucocytosis. The patient rapidly failed, and died ten days after admission into the hospital. At the autopsy, sarcomatous growths were found in the cervix uteri, the ovaries, and the stomach, spleen, liver, kidneys, suprarenals, and skin; purpura haemorrhagica of the skin, mucous membranes, and viscera. The sarcomatous growth appeared to have spread by the lymphatics, and by the vessels as well. There was no


Monetary policy has important effects on agricultural commodity prices because, though they are flexible, other goods prices are sticky. This paper formalizes the argument by applying the Dornbusch overshooting model. A decline in the nominal money supply is a decline in the real money supply in the short run. It raises the real interest rate, which depresses real commodity prices. They overshoot their new equilibrium in order to generate an expectation of future appreciation sufficient to offset the higher interest rate. These real effects (which vanish in the long run) also result from a decline in the money growth rate.


In this work a broadband microstrip hybrid coupler is designed and rf tested for X-Band applications. Simulation and rf tests of a two-section X-Band hybrid coupler using microstrip lines are conducted. By unequally reducing the wave impedances of longitudinal and transverse branches of hybrid splitter, good amplitude and phase imbalance between two output ports are obtained. X-band microstrip line coupler using Taconic TLY-5 as substrate material with low dielectric constant of 2.2 has wide bandwidth of 44%, amplitude imbalance of ± 0.7 dB, and isolation of 15 dB in the frequency range of 7.8 GHz ~ 12.2 GHz. The proposed 3 dB hybrid splitter will provide not only ease in the process the fabricating broadband hybrid coupler, but also allow low cost production avoiding miniaturization difficulties for high frequencies application such as Ku- and Ka-band.


After the careful analysis on the factors affecting the emulsification of the dispersion system consisting of oil, water and surfactant, and investigation on the mechanism for the formation of emulsions, a mathematical model to be used in the emulsification was derived finally. By comparing the results of experiments with the results concluded from the mathematical model, it was found that the model was reasonable and useful in the investigation of emulsifications.


This report describes the work done by the RFIA group at the Departamento de Sistemas Informaticos y Computacion of the Universidad Politecnica of Valencia for the 2006 edition of the CLEF Question Answering task. We participated in three monolingual tasks: Spanish, Italian and French. The system used is a slightly revised version of the one we developed for the past year. The most interesting aspect of the work is the comparison between a Passage Retrieval engine (JIRS) specifically aimed to the Question Answering task and a standard, general use search engine such as Lucene. Results show that JIRS is able to return high quality passages.


It analyzes the importance of claim,particularly introduces latent claiming chance in item construction,thoroughly discusses how to do well the collecting,arranging and visa works of claiming datas,emphasizes that you should deal with the relationship between same direction and inspect correctly,consequently enhances and accumulate claiming knowledge to ensure the purpose of reaching item benefit.


In its role as a tool that facilitates participation, Facebook acts as a channel of political communication with different mechanisms than traditional media. At the same time, Facebook offers new means of receiving the audience, characterized by a targeting of the very good target audience. The Facebook page of a political party facilitates interaction and political participation, making possible a two-way communication model and facilitating increased political participation of public opinion. The platform is not mediated and has no boundaries as traditional media has, which means that parties have direct access to more people than ever. Moreover, it is also noted that, on Facebook, the political message does not go through the editorial policy filters as it happens in traditional media and is used as a powerful interaction tool with the target audience or even with a public not ever considered by the political communication strategies.


A classroom intranet fosters student collaboration and community. In addition, an always-available intranet helps students remain actively involved with group work while outside of class. This paper discusses an example of a classroom intranet technology along with its associated underpinnings. A statistical analysis of data from an experiment designed to test the technology's effectiveness concludes the paper.


Gaining insight into crystal structure is essential for understanding thermoelectric transport mechanisms and predicting thermoelectric properties. The main challenge in studying thermoelectric mechanisms is often imprecise or wrong models of the crystal structure. This work examines the structure modifications observed in MgAgSb thermoelectric materials by multitemperature high-resolution synchrotron radiation powder X-ray diffraction (SR-PXRD). Rietveld refinement reveals large atomic displacement parameters (ADPs) of the Ag1 atoms at the 4a position indicating possible atomic disorder, which may contribute to the low thermal conductivity observed in α-MgAgSb. The temperature dependence of anisotropic structural parameters indicates a tendency of increasing structural symmetry in α-MgAgSb with increasing temperature, largely contributing to the temperature evolution of the thermoelectric properties. Two MgAgSb polymorphs (β-MgAgSb and γ-MgAgSb) coexist at 700 K, and only the γ-MgAgSb crystalline phase i...


A model of direct-sequence spread-spectrum carriers accessing a limiting satellite repeater in the presence of strong interference (tone jamming, other users, and Gaussian noise) is presented. A simplified phasor analysis is used to obtain a strict upper bound on system bit error rate. Comparisons are made of the bit error rate for a limiting repeater system and that obtained for a linear repeater system. For a quadriphase spreading code, the upper bound on the average degradation due to the limiting repeater was approximately 4 dB for an error probability of 10/sup -4/.<<ETX>>


Rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the major cropping system occupying 13.5 million ha in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia. Conventional-tillage practices are resource and cost intensive. A 7-yr study evaluated six treatments (T) involving three tillage methods and two rice establishment methods on crop yield, water productivity, and economic profitability in a rice-wheat rotation. Average rice yields in the conventional practice of puddling and transplanting without (Tl) and with (T2) mid-season alternate wetting-drying were highest (7.81-8.10 Mg ha ―1 ) and increased with time (0.26 Mgha yr ―1 ) in T2. Compared to T1, rice yields in direct drill-seeding with zero-tillage averaged 16% lower on flat (T5) and 43% lower in raised beds (T3). Rice yield in raised beds (T3 and T4) decreased with time (0.14-0.45 Mg ha ―1 yr ―1 ). Conversely, wheat yielded 18% higher after zero compared to conventional-tillage. Treatment 2, despite low soil matric potential during vegetative development, had higher water productivity with 25% less water use compared with Tl and 19% less compared with other treatments. Conventional-tillage and crop establishment practices had higher net cash return in rice but in wheat it was higher with zero-tillage. Overall, T2 and T5 had the highest net returns (∼1225US$) and T3 and T4 had the lowest (747-846 US$) in the rice-wheat system. Zero-tillage on flat beds (T5), however, would conceivably be more sustainable than the conventional T2 in the long-run. Yields of zero-tillage with direct-seeding of rice on flat beds (T5) must improve before adoption occurs.


Recent trends in computational research show the significance of computation-based biological research, for example, bioinformatics and system biology, and biologically inspired computational research, which includes genetic algorithms, artificial neural networks, and evolutionary programming. Artificial immune systems (AIS) is a novel computing paradigm inspired from the human immune system (HIS). The dramatic features of HIS like distributability, uniqueness, adaptability, mobility, imperfect-detection, and anomaly-detection, have grabbed the attention of computational researchers for adopting HIS principles to design AIS that are robust, scalable, highly flexible, resilient to sub-versioning, and degrade gracefully. Designers of AIS make use of their creative abilities for designing computational systems by extracting corresponding metaphors from HIS. AIS is growing as a core paradigm for a wide application area including: intrusion detection, data analysis, pattern recognition, optimization, robotics, distributed control, and bioinformatics etc. The field of AIS, being in its infancy, bears enormous research potential. This work aims to throw light on some prospective research issues in the field. The effort is based on (1) latest research references and (2) our experience for pioneering AIS based research infrastructure in the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). It may help new researchers to jump start AIS research and save their precious time.


PURPOSE
To investigate the COX-2 depressant on cell apoptosis and angiogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

METHODS
RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the effect of NS-398, the COX-2 inhibitor on mRNA and protein expression of VEGF and Survivin in oral squamous carcinoma cell line Tca8113. SPSS11.5 software package was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS
NS-398 could down-regulate the expression of VEGF and Survivin in Tca8113 in a time-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONS
NS-398 could down-regulate the expression of VEGF and survivin in Tca8113 and plays an important role in cell apoptosis and angiogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.


s Article UROLOGY RESEARCH ABSTRACTS Abstracts from the 19th Urological Research Society Meeting held on Friday 10 January 2003 at The Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UKs from the 19th Urological Research Society Meeting held on Friday 10 January 2003 at The Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK Evaluation of the alkaline comet assay as a predictive test of bladder cancer cell radiosensitivity B.T. SHERWOOD*†, M. AL MONEEF*, K.J. BOWMAN*, R.C. KOCKELBERGH†, R.P. SYMONDS‡, W.P. STEWARD‡, J.K. MELLON† and G.D.D. JONES* *Department of Oncology, Hodgkin Building, University of Leicester, †University Division of Urology, Leicester General Hospital, and ‡University Department of Oncology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK a predictive test of invasive bladder cancer radiosensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS In ACA, single cells are embedded in agarose and lysed to release their DNA. After alkaline electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining, DNA is assessed by fluorescence microscopy. If DNA is damaged individual nuclei appear as 'comet' shapes, with greater levels of cellular DNA damage generating comets with more prominent 'tails'. Using a panel of six human bladder tumour cell lines of differing radiosensitivities the relationship of cell survival to the induction of DNA SSBs plus ALS was assessed, via clonogenic assay and ACA, respectively. ACA analysis was also used with epithelial cells isolated from human bladder tumours. The aim was to determine whether predicted radiosensitivity, as determined by ACA, positively correlated with tumour clearance at cystoscopy after RT.


Acoustic volume scattering measurements using 5 and 12 kHz pulses and explosive signals were made during the 1971 winter season at 18 deep‐water stations north and east of Auckland, New Zealand. Strong scattering layers (maximum volume scattering strengths −58 to −70 dB re 1 yd) were observed at depths of about 500 yd during daytime measurements at both 5 and 12 kHz. The number, location and depth of minor scattering layers are the principal station differences. Column strengths (column length about 1000 yd) obtained from pulse measurements do not vary greatly from station to station and show good agreement with column strengths from explosive measurements. Night values of column strength are higher, with one exception, than day values. The explosive results covering 1/3‐octave bands from 1 to 20 kHz have overall column strengths ranging from −70 to −40 dB. A characteristic frequency pattern, in which a sharp rise in column strength from 1 to 5 kHz is followed by a fairly constant level thereafter, is exh...


The present invention generally relates to a capacitor comprising organized assemblies of carbon and non-carbon compounds. The present invention further relates to method for producing the organized structure. The present invention relates to an apparatus including the structure. In a preferred embodiment, organized structure of the present invention takes the shape of the shape or aggregation of nanorods. More preferably, nanorods, filled with non-carbon material, the coating or filling and is composed of carbon nanotubes both are of the coating. In particular, the present invention is titanium, titanium compounds, manganese, manganese compounds, cobalt, nickel, palladium, platinum, bromine, iodine, one or more carbon nanotubes filled with a non-carbon material containing interhalogen compound or a combination thereof target capacitor electrode comprising a. .FIELD 1


The g factors of the 7 C 235 keV isomer in 175 Wa nd the 14 C 3746 keV isomer in 176 W have been measured by observing the precession of the decay -ray angular distribution in an external magnetic field as g 7 C ; 175 W D 0:187.6/ and g.14 C ; 176 W/DC0:475.15/. A pure wave function has been assigned to the KD 14 C isomer from comparison with predictions based on experimental g factors of deformed single-particle orbitals in this mass region. The value gRD 0:27.2/ has been deduced for the rotational g factor by using the measured g factor of the 14 C state and the branching ratios in the


Background: Guidelines strongly recommend patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) receive timely mechanical reperfusion, defined as door-to-balloon time (DTBT) ≤90 minutes. Objecti...


Price stability is one of the strategic goals of the monetary policy of the Bank of Russia. A significant factor of inflationary pressure on the economy is short-term deviations of the unemployment rate from NAIRU. At the same time, the relationship between the labor market and inflationary processes at the regional level may differ significantly. This paper examines regional heterogeneity in the Russian labor market in the form of a Phillips curve. An important feature for choosing the main research method is the lack of statistical information about NAIRU. Based on the models of unobservable components using the Kalman filter, the influence of the unemployment gap on inflation in each region of the Russian Federation is estimated. The constructed models take into account the impact on inflation of the main premises of the theory of rational expectations, supply shocks and inflation lags. Conclusions were drawn that there is a significant relationship between the unemployment gap and inflation for most of the Russian regions, while the sensitivity of inflation to changes in the labor market in the country as a whole is rather weak. Regions with proinflationary and disinflationary influence from the labor market were identified.


To characterize optimal mean-square morphological filters it is first necessary to interpret morphological operations in a functional manner appropriate to the theory of statistical estimation. The present paper takes such an approach in the case of digital N-observation grayscale filters these being defined via the Matheron representation. Having obtained the optimality criterion we are lead to the characterization of a minimal search space the nodes of the space being potential erosion structuring elements. More precisely there exists a set of structuring elements which will always contain elements forming the basis for an optimal MS filter. Moreover the set called the fundamental set is minimal in the sense that no element can be deleted from it without possibly yielding a set not containing the optimal structuring element for a single-erosion filter


Automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) and automated distortion product otoacousticemission (ADPOAE) are being used in newbom hearmg screening in our country nowadays. This study investigates fhe efBcacyof automated tests in newbom hearing screening never disclosed before in our country and establishes the proper newbom scree-ning protocol using two automated hearing screening tools. Materials and Method : 75 normal neonates (150 ears) and 28 highhsk neonates (56 ears) have been screened using two automated screening tools 6om Nov.2002 through Mar.2003. Normalneonates showing'Refer' in any ofthe two tests and all high risk neonates undertook the conventional ABR (c-ABR), the resultsofwhich were considered to be the gold standard reHecting the real hearing threshold, 1 month after the two automated screeningtests. The sensitivity and speci6dty oftwo automated tests were calculated in neonates who undertook c-ABR and the refer rateof each test was also investigated. Based upon fhese data, several screening protocols using AABR and ADPOAE were suggestedand compared in terms of sensitivity, specili city and refer rate, retrospectively. Results : Sensitivity and sped6dty of ADPOAEwere 100% and 78.5%, with those ofAABR being 71.4% and 89.4%, respectively. The refer rates oftwo tests were 9.7% and5.33%, respectively. Of 64 eais, which imdertook both AABR and c-ABR, 53 eais passed the AABR test. Ofthose 53 eais thatpassed AABR, 2 ears showed the hearmg fhreshold ofworse than 60dB in c-ABR, wifh fheir sweeps bdng statistically much higher than the means of sweeps of other 51 ears. Of vahous suggested protocols, the one-step protocol using ABBR alone whiletaking sweep into consideration, and in which "pass" with high sweep was regarded as 'refer,' and fhe two-step protocol thatuses AABR 6rst and ABR next while also taking sweep into consideration, conmionly showed fhe highest eSicacy wifh relativelyhigh sensitivity (100%), and sped6dty (89.4%) , with low refer rate (6.7%). Conclusion : The newbom hearing screeningprotocol using ADPOAE and AABR is less time consuming, effdent, and reliable, especially when we consider the 'sweep mAABR and adopt fhe two-step screening protocol. This can also serve well to keep pace with fhe current trend ofJCK which re-commends neonatal hearing screening in all neonates. (Korean J Otolaryngol 2004U47U27-32)


Laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is recognized as a versatile technique for material analysis; especially in applications in which speed of analysis, sensitivity, and need for minimal or no sample preparation are key issues. These features make LIBS attractive for inline process monitoring, e.g. for material screening and sorting as well as for quality control purposes. However, the transfer of LIBS technology from the lab into high‐speed industrial environments entails technical and analytical challenges which we address in this article.


PURPOSE: A call setup method using a neighbor communication system in a mobile communication system is provided to allow for a quick service of voice and data and efficient use of control station resources. CONSTITUTION: A call setup method comprises a step of permitting a base station to transmit an origination message to a control station when a mobile station(100) gains access to the base station so as to be provided with a voice call or data service; a step of permitting the control station who has received the origination message to search an effective resource, and transmit a message for checking the existence of the effective resource to the neighbor control station if the effective resource does not exist; a step of performing a call setup procedure when an acknowledge message is received from the neighbor control station; and a step of requesting a traffic to the neighbor control station, and permitting the neighbor control station to request a traffic to a mobile switching center(300) and perform communication.


The optical properties of glasses having a composition 60TeO2 x TiO2 (40x) B2O3, where (x = 10, 20, 30) have been studied. It was found that the values of the optical energy gap decrease by increasing TiO2 content. The optical electronegativity has been calculated from the optical energy gap. It was found that all samples are considered to be covalent in nature. Refractive index, optical basicity and the polarizability of oxide ions have been calculated from optical electronegativity. The glasses are found to possess a high refractive index (2.764 – 2.807), a comparatively narrow band gap (1.76 eV – 1.66 eV), high oxide ion polarizability (3.074 Å – 3.099Å) and high optical basicity (1.464 1.477) and small single bond strengths (350.9 – 312.3 kJ mol). Finally, all the prepared samples have higher values of third order nonlinear susceptibility (7.810-8.99) x10 esu, which indicates that all samples are promising materials for nonlinear optical devices.


This study presents the typomorphic features of native gold grains from three different geological-industrial types (GIT) of gold deposits in the North-East of Russia: (1) gold–arsenic-sulfide in black shale strata (Natalka, Degdekan, Karalveem, Maldyak deposits), (2) gold–quartz veins in granitoids (Dorozhnoye, Butarnoye, Shkolnoye, Maltan deposits), and (3) gold–silver adularia in volcanogenic strata (Kupol, Olcha, Kubaka, Burgali, Primorskoe, Dalnee deposits). The reliability of the geological interpretation is directly related to mineral associations, fineness variations, its internal structure and the content of microimpurities. Native gold is a reliable indicator for identifying various GIT of gold deposits at the early geological-prospecting stages of studying gold-bearing areas. Typomorphic features of native gold for each of the considered GIT are stable and do not depend on the age and scale of mineralization. It is shown that using an integrated approach obtains genetic information about a particular ore object, which makes it possible to predict the vertical range of mineralization and outline the technology for processing ores. The information obtained can also be effectively used in the search for placer deposits in nearby watercourses. Identification of typomorphic features of ore and placer native gold opens up wide opportunities for delineating the distribution areas of placer deposits.


A system was proposed to scan dental models to record three-dimensional features seen in the anterior teeth to create a database of dental profiles. Dental casts were randomly selected to create indentations in cowhide leather. Reid Bite Reader was used to measure the bite forces generated by Reynolds Controlled Bite Force Generator to make the teeth impressions. Using the Immersion MicroScribe® 3D, information from the 53 bitemark depressions and 62 sets of dental casts were transferred to an Excel Spreadsheet. Software was developed to perform the 3D comparison using metric and pattern analysis. Statistic analysis showed 100% success when comparing both arches together of the dental casts with the bitemarks or other dental casts.


Since a mythology has been grown to such an extent around "the New York (Jewish) Intellectuals," Nathan Abrams examines their history in order to re-evaluate it anew, from a perspective that has not been shaped entirely by them. In doing so, he takes a new angle on the subject by extensively subjecting them to a theoretical analysis, utilizing different models of the intellectual. Abrams looks at the changing function of the New York Intellectuals, as public intellectuals, beginning in the 1930s through the forties and fifties, and paying specific attention to the period known as the Cultural Cold War. Using the work of, in particular, Antonio Gramsci and Michel Foucault, he concludes that, through their alliance with the anticommunist hegemony, many of them lost their original functions as "organic" and "universal" intellectuals and instead became "traditional" and "specific."


Services Health Education Consortium (SAUSHEC) developed a CLEW questionnaire utilizing specific and open-ended questions to get a sense of the culture of resident engagement within these working environments (provided as online supplemental material). The designated institutional official, assistant dean of quality improvement and patient safety, and program directors conduct monthly CLEWs in tandem or alone. A hospital unit is selected for a CLEW to assess or to better understand issues identified via an institutional survey, the ACGME CLER report, or reported patient safety events. CLEWs are also used to assess implementation and impact of improvement initiatives. The GME office maintains a spreadsheet to track dates of hospital unit CLEWs, issues identified, and, if warranted, action plans to address concerns.


The acute effects of ionizing radiation on the brain of rats were evaluated by using the acid phosphatase method of Gomori. Head irradiation was carried out with 1000-kv x rays at dose rates of 250 to 600 r/min and doses of 1500 to 10,000 r. The brains were examined 3 hr to 4 months later. The observed acute behavioral changes of apathy and sluggishness correlated with alterations in acidphosphatase-containing particles, which showed increased size and conglomeration in cortical neurons and especially Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. This early cytochemical effect of radiation was not noted with cresyl fast violet or periodic acid-Schiff-stained material. The alterations were limited to ganglion cells; no glial or vascular lesions were noted by any staining procedure. In the Purkinje cells at higher dose ranges, up to one-half of the cells showed alterations in the form of swelling and conglomeration of the acid phosphatase particles, as well as diffuse cytoplasrnic staining. These alterations in acid-phosphatasecontaining particles were similar to changes in rat brains subjected to anoxic and anoxic-ischemic conditions, autolysis, and injection of diphtheria toxin. There was also a striking similarity between these changes and alterations in kidney and liver lysosomes as a result of experimentalmore » hydronephrosis. Animals killed four months after irradiation demonstrated the reversible nature of the lesion, which is correlated with reports of an initial reversible behavioral syndrome. The described cytochemical lesion is interpreted as morphological evidence of cell damage or altered cellular metabolism and not as a specific lesion caused by x irradiation. The apparent reversibility of the lesion and the fact that several different mechanisms have all demonstrated similar effects on acid-phosphatasecontaining particles in brain, kidney, and liver further point toward its nonspecific nature. (H.H.D.)« less


The Coronavirus family are positive-sense, singlestrand, and linear RNA viruses with a wide range of manifestations from mild respiratory symptoms such as common cold to severe respiratory distress and death and certain gastrointestinal symptoms (1). Some important members of Coronavirus family, causing the pandemic, are Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).


It describes silicone oil-containing granules for detergents and cleaning products, which enable an improved soft feel of linen, serving the fiber and anti-crease, promote the fiber smoothing and allow for easier ironing.


LETTER TO THE EDITOR Dear Editors of Journal DEMETRA: Alimentacao, Nutricao & Saude / Food, Nutrition & Health magazine: I am addressing the editors of journal DEMETRA to request the publication of my report about my experience during the curricular internship at the Nutrition course at the University of Brasilia. I chose this journal as suggested by my internship supervisor, Elisabetta Recine, Professor in the  Department of Nutrition at the University of Brasilia.


Objective To observe the effects of astragalus membranaceus promoting the regeneration of periodontal tissue.Methods The experimental dogs were treated with astragalus membranaceus,artificial bone powder and astragalus membranaceus,respectively,and the control dogs model was set up to compare the effects of different methods through measuring the PD,observing and measuring the tooth samples.Results The PD had significant improvement among the experimental dogs,and alveolar bone also displayed the trend of regeneration.Conclusions Astragalus membranaceus significantly promoting to the regeneration of periodontal tissue.


A horizontal digging of 35 m2 on the archaeological deposit of Koussane allowed the excavation of iron-making remains in relation with a direct reduction operation of siliceous iron ore. Two fragments of charcoal included in a slag give an age C14 of 1715 ± 55 BP in agreement with the chronostratigraphy.
The furnace used for this operation consisted of a slightly hemispherical shallow pit with a cell built with coils and coated with clay. Both the shape and the height of this superstructure are indeterminable from remains.
A nozzle, arranged obliquely through the body of the oven and associated with bellows, favoured the formation of an iron sponge above the liquid slag as revealed by metallographic examinations. This latter solidified in the pit in a 90 kg block, and subequently the construction in elevation was moved two to three meters to allow the removal of the iron sponge. The chemical analyses made on the ore and on the slag lead to an estimate for the mass of raw metal produced of around 11,5 kg.


The reliability of energy supply is an important factor for end-users of electricity. Although many advances and efforts have been made by distribution companies to guarantee energy quality, weak feeders and grids are still usually found. As an alternative to minimize such problems, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) can be used to supply energy to users in the case of power outages or major energy quality problems. This paper presents test results on a real application scenario in a microgrid with different load configurations in the moment of interruption. The tests were compared to each other to analyze the impact found in each scenario. In addition to those, real unpremeditated cases of power quality problems were also discussed, and the performance of the utilized BESS was evaluated.


Based on previous studies, natural additives and spices can improve fillet quality of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). For preparing fish marinade, fillet set in curing solution. Iran is the one of big producer of rainbow trout. Hence, it is of vital importance to produce trout products with added value. Spice-cured trout could be the one of favorable product for Iranian consumers. The aim of this study was to evaluate acceptability and some physical properties of spice-cured trout fillet. Four formulations contain one of the marinades lemon juice, vinegar, Balsamic vinegar and verjuice at concentrations of 2 % applied to prepare spice-cured trout fillet. To produce spice-cured trout fillet, other additives such as cinnamon, pepper, garlic powder, turmeric and liquid smoke were equal at the same quantity. Sensory attributes and cooking loss of the spice-cured treatments evaluated after marination. Results showed the samples marinated in vinegar have the highest cooking loss (P 0.05). Lemon juice treatment had the lowest cooking loss (P 0.05). Trout fillet in lemon juice treatment had the highest point in odor, flavor and overall acceptability in comparison with other treatments (P<0.05). The present study indicates that spice-cured trout that marinated with lemon juice, had lower cook loss and better sensory quality than other pickle treatment.

Keywords: spice-cured, trout fillet, rainbow trout, marinade


The invention discloses an application of SYK as a hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis therapeutic target. A test proves that expression of the SYK is increased during a hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis process, wherein the hepatic fibrosis process is accelerated by promoting activation on hepatic stellate cells. By means of an SYK inhibitor or interference on the expression of the SYK gene, the hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis process can be retarded effectively, thereby achieving excellent treatment effects.


There exists a wide range of simulation systems which approach in different manners and solve only partially the problems of simulation specification, interrogation, and steering. As simulations grow more complex, one may need a formal, generic model in which the large variety of simulated problems can be easily described, and software systems able to implement the model. However, existing simulation software are often based on particular simulation representations, and hence are able to directly model and represent in software only specific problems, making thus the combination between various types of simulations form different areas of expertise a difficult task. The lack of control of many simulators' interactivity is another major problems the user experiences. We approach these problems by firstly devising a general abstract simulation model in which a very large class of problems can be represented. Next, we derive two formal simulator models from the simulation model and we use them to discover the causes of the interactivity problem frequently experienced by existing software. The formal framework we build lets us find easily the possible solutions to this problem and see the trade-offs they involve. We conclude by presenting some mechanisms which can implement these trade-offs in the context of the presented formal simulator models.


As the type of transmitted data over communication networks started to shift from the human-generated to massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTCs), entirely new applications within the Internet of Things (IoT) market emerged. Recently introduced Cellular IoT (CIoT) communication technologies operating in the licensed frequency spectrum (i.e., Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) and LTE-M) complemented the already implemented and field-tested technologies (e.g., LoRa(WAN) and Sigfox) transmitting data in license-exempt frequency bands. Owing to the licensed spectrum as well as to the standardization efforts put by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) and International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the CIoT technologies are supposed to handle the massive number of data transmissions by introducing new categories of communication devices. In this regard, this paper elaborates on the critical parameters of the LTE Cat-M introduced by 3GPP. Along with the highlights of the technology in question, the implementation of LTE Cat-M1 in Network Simulator 3 (NS-3) is presented. Out of the obtained simulation data, the focus is primarily given to the network capacity for mMTC scenarios while utilizing the LTE Cat-M technology. What is even more, the side-by-side evaluation with legacy LTE/LTE-A systems is provided.


Objective
To study the association of vitamin D deficiency with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in type 2 diabetic patients.

Methods
A total of 200 type 2 diabetic patients and 100 healthy normal people were included in this study. Patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into DPN group(n=109)and non-DPN group(NDPN group, n=91). ELISA was used to measure the level of 25(OH) D3, and conventional methods were used to determine the functions of liver and renal, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood lipid, serum calcium, phosphorus, beta 2 microglobulin, urinary microalbumin and other indicators. Correlation analysis between 25(OH)3 and other indicators were performed.

Results
Compared with normal control group, levels of 25(OH)D3 in NDPN group and DPN group were lower, especially in DPN group (F=202.265, P<0.01). Moreover, the percentage of vitamin D deficiency in DPN group(76.1%) was much higher than that of NDPN group (47.3%, χ2=17.763, P<0.001). Level of vuitamin D was negatively related to DPN, diabetic duration, age, gender, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, 24 h urinary microalbumin, beta 2 microglobulin(r=-0.315 to-0.144, all P<0.05), and positively related to blood calcium (r=0.193, P=0.006). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that vitamin D deficiency was an independent risk factor for DPN (OR=3.564, 95%CI: 1.950-6.511, P<0.001).

Conclusion
Vitamin D deficiency is an independent risk factor for DPN, and may play a role in the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes and DPN.

Key words:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Vitamin D deficiency; Peripheral neuropathy


A model is proposed which provides a simple explanation for the noise‐induced half‐octave temporary threshold shift. The cochlear partition is modeled as a series of lightly coupled mechanical oscillators in which the outer hair cells are displacement responsive and the inner hair cells are velocity responsive. The outer hair cells are assumed to take an active role in providing negative damping in a region of stimulation of the cochlea at low‐sound pressure levels. In the model, each oscillator is linear to very‐high‐sound‐pressure levels except in a region of stimulation where the damping ratio varies with sound‐pressure level. The model predicts that the passive viscous damping ratio of each oscillator is 1/√2. At low‐sound‐pressure levels negative structural damping reduces the total damping ratio to about 0.055. At high‐sound‐pressure levels negative damping ceases and the response in a region of high‐level stimulation is then passive. The variable damping ratio provides an explanation for all cases ...


ABSTRACT Introduction: The screening of Down's syndrome by the measurement of serum markers using dual and quadruple tests in the second trimester is done among obstetric patients between 13 to 22 weeks of gestation. The test readings are signified in terms of low-risk or high-risk. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of Downs syndrome screening among pregnant women visiting the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 April 2022 to 15 December 2022 among patients visiting the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a tertiary care centre. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee. Women with a singleton pregnancy who underwent dual and quadruple screening tests at 11 to 22 weeks of gestation were taken and analysed as per reports. Convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 268 women, Down syndrome screening was done in 200 (74.63%) (69.42-79.84, 95% Confidence Interval). Among them, 168 (84%) had a low risk for Down syndrome, and 32 (16%) had a high risk for Down syndrome. Conclusions: The prevalence of Downs syndrome screening among pregnant women visiting the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a tertiary care centre was found to be similar to other studies done in similar settings.


Identifying vertical characteristics of mountainous vegetation distribution is necessary for studying the ecological environment quality and biodiversity and for evaluating its responses to climate change. However, producing fine vegetation distribution in a complex mountainous area remains a huge challenge. This study developed a framework based on multi-source high-resolution satellite images to strengthen the understanding of vertical features of vegetation distribution. We fused GaoFen-6 and Sentinel-2 data to produce 2 m multispectral data, combined with ALOS PALSAR digital elevation model (DEM) data, and used an object-based method to extract variables for establishing a classification model. The spatial distribution of vegetation types in Wuyishan National Park (WNP) was then obtained using a hierarchical random forest classifier. The characteristics of different vegetation types along the elevation gradient and their distribution patterns under different human protection levels were finally examined. The results show that (1) An overall accuracy of 87.11% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.85 for vegetation classification was achieved. (2) WNP exhibits obviously vertical differentiation of vegetation types, showing four compound dominant zone groups and five dominant belts. (3) The composition of vegetation types in the scenic area differs significantly from other regions. The proportions of Masson pine and Chinese fir exhibit a noticeably decreasing trend as the distance increases away from roads, while the changes in broadleaf forest and bamboo forest are less pronounced.


Purulent involvement of the central nervous system is an infrequent complication in cases of scarlet fever. Including the ones reported by us, there were only 74 reported cases of suppurative meningitis in 59,254 cases of scarlet fever, an incidence of less than 1 per cent (table 1). The occurrence of abscess of the brain is much rarer than this. 1 At the Kingston Avenue Hospital 15 instances of suppurative meningitis and 2 of abscesses of the brain occurred in 5,843 cases of scarlet fever from 1931 to 1935, inclusive. Two of the children with streptococcic meningitis and 1 with abscess of the brain recovered. We have been able to collect from the literature 8 other cases of recovery from meningitis with this disease 2 (table 2 ). Studies of the incidence of streptococcic meningitis without reference to any accompanying disease have been made by Rosenberg and Nuttley, 3 Felsen and Osofsky


We used a combination of ultra-high vacuum surface science techniques, X-ray spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and density functional theory (DFT) to characterize the influence of catalyst morphology...


This Festschrift consists of a dozen articles on the history of Israel before the classical prophets in the 8th century, and on literary traditions referring to this phase of Israelite history.


Acker et al (J. Comp. Neurosci., 15, pp.71-90, 2003)
developed a model of stellate cells which reproduces qualitative
oscillatory patterns known as mixed mode oscillations
observed in experiments. This model includes different time scales and
can therefore be viewed as a singularly perturbed system of differential equations. The bifurcation structure of this model is very rich, and includes a novel class of homoclinic bifurcation points.
The key to the bifurcation analysis is a folded node singularity
that allows trajectories known as canards to cross from a stable
slow manifold to an unstable slow manifold as well as a node equilibrium of the slow flow on the unstable slow manifold. In this work we focus on
the novel homoclinic orbits within the bifurcation diagram and show that
the return of canards from the unstable slow manifold to the funnel
of the folded node on the stable slow manifold results in a horseshoe
map, and therefore gives rise to chaotic invariant sets. We also use a
one-dimensional map to explain why many homoclinic orbits
occur in "clusters'' at exponentially close parameter values.


Biogenic amines (BA) are mainly produced in food and beverages such as sherry products, cheese, wine and fermented sausages or vegetables by bacteria metabolism via the activity of specific amino acid decarboxylases or as a spontaneous chemical reaction. The formation of biogenic amines in food and beverages depends on the quantities of free amino acids and the presence of microorganisms with decarboxylase activities. Due to their physiological activity, these molecules are of concern in relation to food safety and spoilage. Histamine and tyramine have been the most studied because of their implication in food poisoning. The improvement of molecular tools, usually based on PCR techniques, has allowed a fast and sensitive characterization of the majority of bacteria producing BA. For instance, the sequence of tyrosine, ornithine, lysine and histidine decarboxylase genes have been determined and primers for detection of tyramineand histamine-producing bacteria in food have been developed. Furthermore, real time PCR approaches have been undertaken in order to identify viable but not cultivable (VNC) BA-producing bacteria. Moreover, the characterization of starter cultures possessing amine oxidase activity (AO) to control or reduce the accumulation of biogenic amines is a worthwhile goal in order to reduce BA production in fermented beverages.


Antifouling paints are a big enemy to the marine ecosystem.  Many tons of copper,  zinc  and  other  harmful  substances  are  released  into  the  environment each year, in Sweden alone. This stud ...


The load-transferring character of negative skin friction piles (NSF pile) is analysed in this present paper. The performance of NSF piles under real working environments is compared with that under static check-measuring tests. The defect in assessment of bearing capacity of NSF piles through traditional tests and incompatibility between design and check-measuring are illustrated using an engineering case. A reasonable way for design and check of NSF piles is put forword finally.


In this paper, a compact broadband CPW-fed circularly polarised elliptical-slot antenna with an inverted- L tuning stub is proposed. The antenna impedance is optimized for broadband operation from 1.62 GHz to 2.97 GHz. The measured CP bandwidth is 934 MHz (1.747-2.681 GHz), that covers common wireless communication bands GSM 1800, GSM 1900, 3G/LTE 2100, 3G/LTE 2300, 4G/LTE 2500, and 2.4GHz Wi-Fi bands. This makes the designed antenna an appropriate candidate for ambient RF energy harvesting purposes.


Thank you for downloading developing competencies to teach music in the elementary classroom. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their favorite novels like this developing competencies to teach music in the elementary classroom, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful virus inside their laptop.


Objective: Recently the authors have shown that neuron–glial antigen 2 (NG2) is expressed by perivascular cells along arterioles and capillaries, but not along venules in quiescent rat mesenteric microvascular networks. To investigate how the spatial distribution of this proteoglycan changes during microvascular remodeling, the objective of this study was to characterize the expression of NG2 in adult rat mesenteric microvascular networks undergoing active remodeling.


Volunteer subjects, exposed to an environment in which visual, auditory, and tactile sensations are reduced as much as possible, experience a variety of subjective disturbances ranging from anxiety and oppression to illusions and hallucinations. Investigators using different methods 1-4 have reported wide variations in results. At the present time the fundamental determinants of the phenomena observed are still in question. In previous reports from this laboratory, 2,3 it has been suggested that 3 factors must be considered in studies of sensory deprivation: sensory deprivation per se, concomitant social isolation, and concomitant reduction in kinesthetic cues due to immobilization. We have directed experimentation to assess the role of each of these as separately as possible. A recent paper 3 described work in which meaningless visual stimulation (a flashing light) was given to subjects in a previously standardized sensory deprivation situation; the findings sug


A new approach to the synthesis of 2,2″-biflavanones by the reductive dimerization of flavones is reported.The racemate and meso compounds of each bitlavanone have been separated and their structures have been determined on the basis of their spectral data.


STEREO MAPPING IS POSSIBLE USING TWO IMAGES PRODUCED FROM THE SAME VANTAGE POINT, PROVIDED THEIR PARALLAX DISPLACEMENTS ARE IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS. SIDE-LOOKING AIRBORNE RADAR (SLAR) AND INFRARED LINE-SCANNER MAKE A NATURAL PAIR FOR THIS PURPOSE, BECAUSE BOTH HAVE THE SAME SIDE-LOOKING GEOMETRY AND THEY HAVE SIMILAR IMAGE RECORDING TECHNIQUES. A FLAGPOLE APPEARS TO LEAN TOWARD THE RADAR, BUT AWAY FROM THE LINE SCANNER, HENCE, THE CONDITIONS FOR SINGLE-VANTAGE-POINT STEREO ARE MET. RELATIONS PRESENTED SHOW THE STEREO EFFECT FOR THIS SENSOR PAIR USING BOTH NATURAL AND TRUE-GROUND-RANGE PRESENTATIONS. IN NEITHER CASE CASE IS THE VISUAL STEREO EFFECT PERFECT EXCEPT NEAR 45 DEGREE DEPRESSION ANGLE, BUT A DISTORTED VISUAL STEREO EFFECT IS POSSIBLE ELSEWHERE. USE OF STEREOMETERS WITH PROPER CALIBRATION OF STEREO DISPLACEMENT VS. LOOK ANGLE SHOULD PERMIT QUANTITATIVE MAPPING OF HEIGHTS EVEN THOUGH THE VISIBLE EFFECT IS SOMEWHAT DISTORTED. /PE/


Abstract : In this era of force packaging' and complex joint operations, the Joint Force Surgeon must appreciate the health services support capabilities and limitations of each component's medical services. This paper reviews the echelons of medical care, briefly provides an understanding of where certain medical assets fit into the organizational scheme, and reviews the role and selected issues surrounding the Navy's casualty receiving and treatment ships in amphibious and joint operations. Saliently, the discussed issues attest to the need for the Joint Force Surgeon's participation in operational planning.


The aim of this research was to determine the difference in Calcaneus quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and body composition according to physical activity in preschool children. We recruited 296 healthy children (112 girls and 184 boys) from different kindergartens in Vojvodina, Serbia. Children were evaluated for body composition. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measurements of the heel were performed using the Speed of sound, Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation, Quantitative Ultrasound Index and Estimated bone mineral density for further analysis. Furthermore, children were divided into three groups according to physical activity. Apart from the differences in Body fat % and body mass, there were no significant group differences for BMI, waist circumference and abdominal skinfold (p>0.05). The ANOVA showed significant differences (p<0.05) in all QUS measurements between three different intensities of physical activity. The results show that Body Mass and Body fat % were important predictors that discriminate children according to physical activity. Moreover, the results show that beside BMI and Body fat %, all calcaneus QUS measurements showed differences according to physical activity level.


This research aims to
ABSTRACT
identify why urban drainage systems in Malang City
is not coping with flooding occurrences. It tries to find out what is the main cause
of flooding and the root cause of urban drainage problems in Malang City.
This research is an exploratory research using survey strategy. The survey
was applied purposively to two communities who experienced flooding in Malang
City namely Madyopuro (28 respondents) and Lesanpuro (40 respondents).
Primary data was collected through field observation, structured interviews and
questionnaires while secondary data was collected by desk study. Qualitative and
quantitative analysis were used to analyse collected data and information.
Most of the respondents (60.71% in Madyopuro and 75% in Lesanpuro) are
experienced flooding regularly. This research found that the prominent cause of
flooding in Malang City is lack of maintenance of drainage facilities in the city.
Urban drainage systems in Malang City encountered technical (uncontrolled
reduction of infiltration areas), institutional arrangements (incomplete division of
authority on irrigation channels between local and provincial government),
management (low public awareness), maintenance (obstructed channels),
financial (limited budget) and legal (low law enforcment) problems. Structural
measures with hard engineering approaches such as making new drainage
networks, upgrading existing drainage facilities etc., were mainly used by local
government of Malang City to address its drainage problems. There are two
prominent measures which are implemented by local government of Malang City
which are consistent to the concept of sustainable urban drainage systems
(SUDS). Those two measures are construction of infiltration wells in local
government buildings and the use of paving block for the construction of
neighbourhood streets.
This research recommends three things i.e: (1) Community participation,
communication and early-aged education regarding urban drainage systems
should be undertaken to raise public awareness today and for the future


: In many countries that have long been under some kind of authoritarian rule, the (re)introduction of multiparty politics during the 1990s has been accompanied by the rise of ethnically based parties and ethnically dominated party systems. This is particularly true in sub-Saharan Africa. However, there is variation to explain. The extent to which party systems reflect ethnic cleavages varies across countries and time within countries. Previous theories explain the rise and fall of the political salience of ethnic identity and ethnically dominated party systems largely as a function of changes in popular demand. In this paper, I suggest that there are reasons to think that instead variation in the extent to which party systems are ethnically dominated is largely the result of the political elite's ability to control the supply of ideology offered in the party system. Certain conditions, namely the number of ethnic groups and the potential for class conflict in a society, combine to make it more or less likely that elites will try to collude and limit the control of ideology available in the system to the ethnic issue dimension. Where there is a greater potential for class conflict, and fewer ethnic groups, I argue that party leaders are more likely to try to reinforce the political salience of ethnic identity, limit the supply of ideology to the ethnic issue dimension, and to be more successful at doing this than where there is less potential for class conflict and many major ethnic groups. Evidence from 20 African countries supports the plausibility of this hypothesis. paper devoted


Pumin Iron Ore plans to recovery footwall of No.1 and No.2 stope at-610m level,which will influence the stability of whole goafs.To solve this problem,the finite element numerical simulation method is used to simulate 3 kinds of stagewise mining sequence.The separating pillars which withstand main load after mining are taken as objects for research.For the cases of 3 kinds of stagewise mining sequence,the stress field variation of such pillars and goafs is studied to determine different state of goaf stability.In this way,the correct mining sequence is found out.Besides,some recommendations for realizing safe mining are made.


PurposeThe sudden outbreak of COVID-19 has become a major public health emergency of global concern. Studying the Internet public opinion dissemination mechanism of public health emergencies is of great significance for creating a legalized network environment, and it is also helpful for managers to make scientific decisions when encountering Internet public opinion crisis.Design/methodology/approachBased on the analysis of the process of spreading the Internet public opinion in major epidemics, a dynamic model of the Internet public opinion spread system was constructed to study the interactive relationship among the public opinion events, network media, netizens and government and the spread of epidemic public opinion. The Shuanghuanglian event in COVID-19 in China was taken as a typical example to make simulation analysis.FindingsResearch results show three points: (1) the government credibility plays a decisive role in the spread of Internet public opinion; (2) it is the best time to intervene when Internet public opinion occurred at first time; (3) the management and control of social media are the key to public opinion governance. Besides, specific countermeasures are proposed to assist control of Internet public opinion dissemination.Originality/valueThe epidemic Internet public opinion risk evolution system is a complex nonlinear social system. The system dynamics model is used to carry out research to facilitate the analysis of the Internet public opinion propagation mechanism and explore the interrelationship of various factors.