Purpose: to expose in a brief discussion the questions about the insalubrity pertinent to speech therapists and audiologists' performance. Methods: a review of the Portal of Legislation of the Brazilian Federal Government about labor laws, health and health professionals was carried out. Results: according to NR-15, activities that are above the level of tolerance foreseen in the regulations are considered unhealthy activities, in which the performance of speech-language therapists and audiologists is directly related to the tolerance limits for biological agents. Conclusion: speech therapists and audiologists as well as several other health professionals present occupational risks in their work. The Brazilian legislation is broad, however, it is necessary to analyze these professionals more deeply with regard to their health.


The siddha medicine is the old ancient system of medicine. This system has many curative medicines such as Peru noigal, Mukkutra noigal, Auto immune disorders and Skin diseases. It has a unique feature like destroy the root cause of the disease and remedy for body, mind and soul. Siddha system of medicines not only cure diseases it also have preventive and rejuvenation aspects than other system.The clinical trial medicine choosen for the clinical study was Sagalavatha Chooranam (Internal) 2gms twice a day with water. In this clinical study the trial medicine were free from side effects and adverse reactions and also acute toxic effects.The trial medicine has good Pharmacological Action.Sagalavatha Chooranam is moderately reduced the symptoms. So the patients were found to be satisfactory in 70% of cases.In long standing cases fair result were found.So, the Thandaga vatham is controllable disease along with Sagalavatha Chooranam.


Complete characterization of a complex multicomponent heterogeneous material requires information not only on the surface or bulk chemical components, but also on stereometric features such as size, distance, and heterogeneity in three-dimensional space. Probing vertical structures is equally important for nanocomposite materials with surface segregation, overlayers, concentration gradients or multiple layers. Such complexity of heterogeneous materials makes it difficult to uniquely distinguish between alternative morphologies using a single analytical method and routine data acquisition and analysis. The combination of sputtering capabilities and high lateral resolution in images led to the wide spread use of three-dimensional imaging studies using Time-of-flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). (Wucher et al., 2007; Delcorte, 2008; Jones et al., 2008; Rafati et al., 2008) Main drawback of this approach is limited quantitative information. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) has benefits of being quantitative and offers very similar capabilities in combining ion sputtering and imaging, and there have been a handful number of studies using this approach. (Gao et al., 2003; Artyushkova, 2010) Disadvantage of combining sputtering and imaging is its destructive nature and possibility of induced modification that may introduce artifacts within images. XPS has the advantage of being one of the only surface analysis techniques that provides readily interpretable, surface-specific, chemical information, which is a core analytical method of choice in obtaining surface chemical composition. (Briggs & Grant, 2003) The development of commercial imaging XPS instrumentation has occurred in parallel with imaging developments in other spectroscopic techniques. Improved spatial resolution and decreased analysis time make it possible to correlate XPS analysis with a host of other imaging techniques which have comparable fields of view, but different information content from different depth levels. There is now some field of view (FOV) overlap between XPS and a variety of techniques, including Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), imaging FTIR, confocal microscopy (CM), SIMS and Secondary Electron Microscopy (SEM). The overlapping FOVs for the techniques listed in Table 1 make correlative data analyses and a fusion of multiple analytical perspectives achievable and valuable for obtaining quantitative structural information in three dimensions. Imaging using confocal microscopy provides three-dimensional, high-resolution, non-destructive imaging of sample features. (Fellers & Davidso; Pawley, 2006) Scanning


This report consists of three discrete, but interrelated, parts: the first contains a description of the respiratory metabolism of rats with hypothalamic hyperphagia; the second deals with the induction of unusual metabolic patterns in normal, intact rats by the alteration of their feeding habits; and the third is concerned with the site of conversion of carbohydrate to fatty acids in the animal body. The finding of uncommonly high respiratory quotients (R.Q.'s) after glucose administration in rats with symmetrical hypothalamic lesions led to the discovery that similarly high R.Q.'s are exhibited by rats trained to eat their entire day's ration of food in a short time. Subsequent study of this phenomenon demonstrated the feasibility of investigating the conversion of carbohydrate to fatty acids in the rat by the technic of comparing the respiratory exchange of normal animals with that of "trained" ones. Finally, information gained from this method of studying fatty acid synthesis proved to be useful in an analysis of the mechanisms involved in the development of hypothalamic obesity, and of the metabolic repercussions of established obesity on the organism.


ABSTRACT

This study evaluated whether inoculated (none, 1, 5 log colony-forming units [cfu]/cm2) Escherichia coli O157:H7 would result in detection of autoinducer (AI)-2-like activity on beef. Inoculated fresh beef, containing low (LNB) or high (HNB) initial levels of natural flora, was analyzed for bacterial populations and AI-2-like activity during aerobic or vacuum-packaged storage (4, 10, 25C). As expected, no growth of E. coli O157:H7 was detected at 4C, while at 10C, growth was detected only on LNB samples stored aerobically; AI-2-like activity was minimal (P ≥ 0.05) at both temperatures. E. coli O157:H7 showed more growth in LNB than HNB, and in aerobically than vacuum-packaged samples inoculated with 1 log cfu/cm2 of the pathogen during storage at 25C. AI-2-like activity was generally higher in LNB than HNB samples stored aerobically at 25C, while no significant AI-2-like activity was detected in samples stored in vacuum packages. The results indicated that E. coli O157:H7 may exhibit AI-2-like activity on aerobically stored beef in the presence of lower initial levels of natural flora, and at temperatures allowing prolific growth of the pathogen. Thus, AI-2-based quorum-sensing of E. coli O157:H7 may not be of importance in beef stored at low temperatures.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

This study presents evidence that Escherichia coli O157:H7 showed autoinducer (AI)-2 activity and involved in quorum-sensing on fresh beefcontaining low initial levels of natural flora during aerobic storage at abusive storage temperatures. Thus, AI-2-based quorum-sensing of E. coli O157:H7 may not be important in beef stored at recommended low temperatures.


The outbreak of the novel SARS-CoV-2 pathogen and corresponding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have had an enormous impact on both global health and the daily lives of billions of people worldwide. With a proven vaccine at least a year from being fully tested for safety and efficacy, there may be an opportunity to rapidly repurpose existing drugs in order to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections and improve outcomes for patients already infected with COVID-19. At present, more than 40 different drugs are being explored for efficacy against COVID-19, including antivirals and immune modulating compounds. Unfortunately, many of these drugs are associated with side effects that limit their use to the most severe cases and thereby prevent their use as prophylactics. This commentary describes drug formulation strategies that can be used to maintain the efficacy of these drugs through controlled release, targeted delivery, and non-viral nucleic acid delivery. If successful, these approaches could enable the expanded use of drugs to reduce the mortality of this devastating disease and equip healthcare providers with the tools to accelerate our recovery from this pandemic and improve our response to the next outbreak of a novel pathogenic virus. The author has no conflicts of interest to declare. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


We carried out immunohistochemical investigations on the relationship between the expression of E-cadherin and the clinical stage and mode of invasion of human primary oral cancers (squamous cell carcinomas).We found that cancers having a grade 4 mode of invasion displayed a reduced type of E-cadherin expression by the classification of Shiozaki et al.This suggests that decreased expression of E-cadherin is closely related to the high invasiveness of cancer cells.


Purpose

This paper explores service provision for young fathers through analysis of data from the three-year ESRC funded project Following Young Fathers. The purpose of this paper is to explore the idea that young fathers are a "hard to reach" group. It begins with a discussion of literature and research evidence on this theme. The empirical discussion draws on data collected in interviews and focus groups with practitioners, service managers and those working to develop and deliver family support services.

Design/methodology/approach

The ESRC Following Young Fathers study used qualitative longitudinal methods to research the perspectives of fathers under the age of 25, mapping the availability of services to support them and investigating professional and policy responses to their needs. The strand reported on here focussed on the perspectives of a range of practitioners, service managers and those involved in developing and commissioning services.

Findings

The research findings, and those of other projects discussed in the paper, challenge the idea that young fathers are "hard to reach", suggesting that we should, conversely, consider that many services are actually hard to access. Thus, increasing young fathers' engagement requires better understanding of their often complex needs and a reshaping of service design and delivery to account for them. The paper highlights how the configuration, funding and delivery of services can inhibit young fathers' use of them, and identifies ways in which they could be made more accessible.

Originality/value

The ESRC Following Young Fathers Study filled an important gap in knowledge about the lives of young fathers, developing understandings of their experiences and support needs. The strand reported on here draws on research with practitioners to provide an in-depth discussion of how services currently support young fathers, and how they could be better configured to address their often complex and diverse needs.


The dynamic behavior of [(C2H50)zPOP(OC2HS)2]2Fe2(CO)j and [(C2H50)2POP(OC2HS)2]Fe2(C0), has been studied by carbon- 13 NMR spectroscopy. Only one CO-exchange process is seen in (POP)2Fe2(C0)5, where (C2H50)2POP(OC2H5)2 is represented by POP. This process exchanges all five CO's via a concerted, cyclic movement of the five CO groups. In (POP)Fe2(C0)7 there are two CO-exchange processes. The first is the same as that observed for (POP)2Fe2(CO)j and exchanges five CO's while a second process involving local exchange on each Fe atom combines with the first to cause complete scrambling of all seven COS. The crystal structure of (POP)2Fe2(CO)5 has been determined by X-ray crystallography. It crystallizes in space group Pi with a = 17.850 (5) A, b = 18.082 (6) A, c = 11.270 (2) A, a = 97.26 (2)", /3 = 97.21 (2)", y = 102.69 (2)", and Z = 4. There are two independent molecules per asymmetric unit in which the Fe-Fe bond lengths are 2.663 (2) and 2.669 (2) A.


Abstract Objective: This study is firstly aimed to biotype and to investigate the antibiotic resistance profiles of Klebsiella strains which were isolated from clinical materials. Also plasmid profile types of Klebsiella species were investigated and the results were compared with each other. Methods: Klebsiella strains were biotyped by BBL Enterotube II and the antibiotic resistance was tested by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. In order to analyse Klebsiella strains genotypically, plasmid DNA's of them were isolated and generated plasmid profile types determined by Dice coefficients of similarity. Results: According to biotyping, Klebsiella strains were distributed to five different species (K. pneumoniae, K. ornithinolytica, K. oxytoca, K. terrigena, K. rhinoscleromatis). As well as K. pneumoniae (37.33%) was the most isolated strain, K. terrigena (8.95%) which is not found to be investigated as much as other strains in the literature, was also observed. Additionally, it is determined that Klebsiella strains were resistant to at least one and at most seven antibiotics. With a similarity coefficient of 84%, it was observed that five different Klebsiella species displayed 17 different plasmid profile types. Among these profiles, P1 (52.23%) was the most observed type which exhibits >10 kbp plasmid DNA band and this profile was isolated from all strains. Conclusion: Finally, it is observed that antibiotic resistance can be due to the plasmid or chromosomal sources and different strains of the same genus may exhibit the same plasmid profile because of the plasmid transformation from one strain to another.


Optical wireless communications (OWC) and the internet of things (IoT) are two recent paradigms that are expected to be ubiquitous in the near future. In this paper, we introduce an early concept of how OWC can play a critical role in IoT applications in the context of real-time location-based services. OWC systems such as visible light communications (VLC) use light-emitting diodes (LED), already present in most user electronics as data transmission nodes. Studies on indoor OWC positioning generally assume that the location of the nodes, the LEDs that are connected to the backbone communications network, is provided to the user equipment (UE). In this paper, we consider a scenario where no a priori knowledge of the LED and UE locations is available, and the UE uses a single photodetector to measure the received optical intensity. We use these measurements to extract the distance between the UE and LEDs, and form geometric relations to find their locations. Once the LED locations have been found, we can track the UE using an extended Kalman filter. The joint source LED localization and UE tracking process is enhanced by using measurements that are collected by other members of the OWC-IoT network. Results show that the root mean square error of the LED localization can be decreased to 10 centimeters, and this leads to a user tracking accuracy better than 20 centimeters using the proposed method.


A central objective in the university context is to promote innovative teaching activities that increasingly see students as an active part of the learning process, fostering their learning outcomes, knowledge, and soft skills. The use of online technologies has the potential to support and innovate frontal teaching lessons, also solving problems associated with lack of time and space in the standard lesson environment. To achieve the above objective, we included the collaborative activity of peer assessment within the online Genomics laboratory as a formative process for the second consecutive year. This experimental procedure was conducted entirely online, using the Moodle e-learning platform. The results reported in this paper are based on qualitative and quantitative analysis of the peer assessment process and on a questionnaire on the students' subjective perception of this collaborative activity.


An investigation was conducted of post-tensioned slab foundation systems in Texas pursuant to a request from the Headquarters Office's of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). Single-family, detached, residential type units, whose loans were insured by HUD, constructed over expansive soil, were of primary concern. The key points of the report are presented and include a discussion of the foundation system, in general, and the results of observations, discussions and inspections conducted during the area visit. Pre- and post- construction concerns are presented. The continued acceptance by HUD of post-tensioned slab foundation systems, designed and constructed per Post-Tensioning Institute (PTI) procedures (PTI, 1980), was recommended, but only under soils, design and inspection certification requirements, which are presented.


We report our studies of the linear and nonlinear rheology of aqueous solutions of the surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium tosylate (CTAT) with varying amounts of sodium chloride (NaCl). The CTAT concentration is fixed at 42 mM, and the salt concentration is varied between 0 and 120 mM. On increasing the salt (NaCl) concentration, we see three distinct regimes in the zero-shear viscosity and the high-frequency plateau modulus data. In regime I, the zero-shear viscosity shows a weak increase with salt concentration due to enhanced micellar growth. The decrease in the zero-shear viscosities with salt concentration in regimes II and III can be explained in terms of intermicellar branching. The most intriguing feature of our data, however, is the anomalous behavior of the high-frequency plateau modulus in regime II (0.12 ≤ [NaCl]/[CTAT] ≤ 1.42). In this regime, the plateau modulus increases with an increase in NaCl concentration. This is highly interesting, since the correlation length of concentration fluctua...


LO: You've been based in New York for decades now. But maybe you could tell me a little bit about when you were in Chicago.EC: There's a difference between the two places, you see. When I was in Chicago you could just come in and knock on the door of somebody's house, but here in New York you have to make an appointment and things like that before you see somebody. In New York, you don't just descend on somebody. In Chicago, all of a sudden, they're a friend-I mean, a friend even. In Chicago, you just knock on the door!Chicago-they were very welcoming. I remember during the War, they had soldiers coming in, and they had what they call the USO. Soldiers could meet and dance with the girls who would be there, and they'd invite the girls home to meet the family and whatnot. And when the GIs came back, they were welcomed. These are guys from farms, farm boys a long way from home, so sometimes they want to take you to meet their parents. The young men in Chicago were like country boys, nothing more, you see. I don't know if it's like that now...I remember the Newberry Library, where I did a lot of research before I went to St. Helena Island. There was a park nearby; it was called Bughouse Square. And they had dialectics and debating there. It wasn't someone making a public speech but a group of people making different speeches, different arguments here and there. Someone would be debating over here, and someone would be speaking their mind or some theory over there. There would be arguing. And then there would be back-and-forth with the audience. You would think these debaters were homeless, but no, they were the smartest people. This was during the Depression years, you see. They used the library to keep warm, and they were very knowledgeable because they would read while they sat at the library. The protests they have over here at Union Square-it comes from way back, as a matter of fact, in Chicago. I don't know if Chicago still has anything like that. You know, things get torn down. That's what I fear: who was it that wrote that book, You Can't Go Home Again?They had quite a bit of writers in Chicago. Thornton Wilder was there. Gertrude Stein came and visited the University of Chicago. She had [Alice] Toklas with her, and everyone thought they were scrubwomen! Because they were five-four and they didn't have anyone with them. Wilder was a friend of theirs. Even [Jean-Paul] Sartre and Simone [de Beauvoir] came to Chicago.What do you remember of the artists who were in Chicago from the 1930s through the 1950s?I remember Motley! Willard Motley. He lived on the West Side, as a matter of fact, I think. And then he moved to the North Side. Because he lived up there, he would always use the Newberry Library. But his brother, Archibald Motley, was on the South Side. They were both such nice guys. Willard worked in a dress factory, where the owner also became interested in art, so Willard could stop once in a while and write down little things. He had a trunk full of notes that I guess he was assembling for his book [Knock on Any Door (1947)]. That's how he wrote that. He also wrote something about me and the other artists, like William Carter, that he visited on the South Side. It was an essay about all the arts of the town, for the Urban League's little publication.So Motley was writing about the artists of Bronzeville. What about Gwendolyn Brooks, did you know her?Yes, Gwendolyn Brooks had a painting of mine. She was an introvert, more or less. I used to know her husband. He was a mechanic, an automobile mechanic. He fixed up some of the cars I used on my trips. I had a Rosenwald Fellowship and went on a trip to the Georgia Sea Islands to do research. St. Helena Island, that's where I stayed. There was a Penn School there, run by the Quakers. After the Civil War, land was given to the former slaves there, you see. They owned the land-forty acres and a mule, you know. And the Quakers came there to teach them a trade. …


During the probe test as the probe card assembly is subjected to heat influence from the substrate to the probe contact, and a holder for holding a probe card unit, and a probe card unit has a plurality of probes to be in contact with the substrate in the central portion . This holder is supported by the top plate of the main frame, and has a cutting end and a slotted hole for mitigating local stress concentration occurs to the probe card unit to the ring member and the ring member for supporting the side down.


The acid–base properties of vanadium phosphate catalysts are investigated using the aldol condensation of acetone and the reactions of 2-methylbut-3-yn-2-ol (MBOH) over alkali-doped vanadium phosphate catalysts. Two well defined vanadium phosphates were investigated, namely (VO)2P2O7 and δ-VOPO4. Alkali-doped (VO)2P2O7 was prepared by heating alkali-doped VOHPO4·0.5H2O in He (8 h, 750 °C), and Na+-, K+- and Cs+-doped samples were investigated. The reaction of MBOH was used to probe the acid–base nature of the surface sites. The undoped V4+
(VO)2P2O7 exhibited only acidic active sites, whereas when doped with 10% Na+, K+ or Cs+ the active sites became predominantly basic in nature. Both the doped and undoped samples were selective for the formation of isophorone (selectivity 90%) from the aldol condensation of acetone, and the Cs-doped and undoped (VO)2P2O7 exhibited similar intrinsic activities (mol(isophorone) m−2 h−1). In contrast, alkali-doping of the V5+ vanadium phosphate γ-VOPO4 did not induce the formation of a significant number of surface basic sites and the active sites for MBOH decomposition remained predominantly acidic in nature. Both the doped and undoped δ-VOPO4 were non-selective in the aldol condensation of acetone, and during the short-lived reaction, only hydrocarbons (typically isobutane and isobutene) were observed. The results are discussed with respect to the nature of active sites for the selective oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride.


InGaAs lattice-matched to InP is an excellent candidate for applications requiring high mobility and conductivity. Schottky junctions on InGaAs exhibit barriers (4)0 in the neighborhood of 0.25eV and high mobility contributes to the low n+ sheet resistances of 2.0-5 2/0 for 4.tm n+ InGaAs layers (n, = 1.5x10' /cm , 1.1.n = 1800cm /voltsec) grown with our in-house Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (MOVPE) system. This material is therefore well suited for highperformance THz diodes since it provides low Ob, as necessary for low required LO power and has low specific contact resistance needed for reduced losses and 14h-frequency operation. The design, material growth, fabrication, and characterization of InGaAs planar mixers is reported. These mixers demonstrated a state-of-the-art performance of 26IK DSB noise temperature (Tmix) with a corresponding conversion loss (L mix) of 5.4dB at LO, RF, and IF frequencies of 92GHz, 920Hz 1.4GHz, and 1.4GHz respectively. Planar mixer diodes were produced using a novel chemical dice process that performs all lithography and wafer thinning steps before airbridge fabrication, thus greatly reducing the possibility of damage to airbridge and anodes. The mixer diodes were quasi-optically tested while mounted on spiral antennae.


Debates on war and peace within Jain and Hindu traditions revolve around the fear of incurring individual bad karma from violence, potentially inhibiting the individual's journey to spiritual liberation. Generally, the religious culture of both Jain and Hindu traditions elevates nonviolence to one of the highest moral principles. Jainism embraces ahiṃsā (non-harming) as the central doctrine, and Hindu traditions exalt non-harming as one of the highest disciplines and virtues (dharma). However, a personal spiritual commitment to nonviolence creates tension with the humanistic value of striving for an ethic of social justice and peace. Maintaining social harmony sometimes requires confrontation or targeted violence. It is not surprising that while both traditions laud ahiṃsā for personal peace, they also deliberate on the challenge of using necessary violence to maintain an orderly society. Despite sanctioning limited violence (hiṃsā) in acute situations, various texts and myths express a general suspicion for using war or other aggressive methods to solve social and political problems.


This research aims to determine the phenetic diversity of seagrass species in the coastal waters of Poka Village based on morphometrics. This research is a type of descriptive research, in which morphometric measurements are carried out to determine the phenetic diversity of seagrass species. Meanwhile, for kinship relationships between seagrasses. Software is used past 4.0. The results of this research were that four types of seagrass were found, namely Thalasssia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides, Halophila pinifolia and Halophila ovalis. This indicates that the Poka Village beach has a high phenetic diversity of seagrass species with varying morphometrics for each character and type, which is influenced by the type of substrate and environmental parameters. Seagrasses that are closely related, namely, Thalasssia hemprichii and Enhalus acoroides are in one monophyletic group (ingroup) and are very closely related. Likewise with Halodule pinifolia and Halophila ovalis.


The Next Step (TNS) is intended to lead to an economically viable fusion reactor and is planned for late-1980's operation. The principal objectives and the major components of the preparation for the TNS are listed. Five interrelated tasks undertaken in the conduct of these activities are described briefly. (MHR)


Background: Oral cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in the world. It arises from epithelial dysplasia. Hence, identifying these lesions in an early stage could prevent their malignant transformation. The aim of the present work was to assess the cell proliferative activity of minichromosome maintenance protein (MCM-2) in oral epithelial dysplastic lesions and to correlate the results with different grades of epithelial dysplasia in an attempt to use MCM-2 in the early detection of malignancy. Methods: MCM-2 expression was determined by the nuclear count in a total of 30 oral epithelial dysplastic specimens roughly classified into 10 cases of mild, moderate, and severe dysplasia. Five cases of early invasive squamous-cell carcinomas and 5 cases of epithelial hyperplasia were also included. Results: The MCM-2 immunostaining was found to increase gradually from mild to moderate to severe dysplasia and reached its maximum value in early invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: MCM-2 is of prognostic value in cases of oral dysplasia that have a tendency to undergo malignant transformation.


Higher vocational education is an effective way to carry out quality education. It must lay emphasis on training practical skills to students. Engineering mechanics, as a technical basis course, has to meet the need of it both in teaching contents and methods. Therefore, to have a characteristic text book with much theory and analyzing methods will play an important part in teaching.


Space tethers will allow payloads to attain orbit using less propellant by reducing their required ∆V significantly. Further reductions in ∆V can be made by incorporating a ground launch system. This paper will detail a non-rocket launch system that will help bridge the gap between orbital tether rendezvous speeds and ground pickups. The system, in conjunction with a space tether and a rocket ∆V, will deliver payloads into orbit from the ground. This system consists of the following: a payload launch station held at a constant altitude of approximately 20 km, two large zero-pressure balloons, conductive ground tethers, and two rotating tethers connected to the center of the launch station. The use of a spinning endo-atmospheric tether, which utilizes current materials, could reduce required rendezvous speeds from 4 to 5 km/s down to 2 to 3 km/s. This paper details a ground launch system which can impart a 1.5 km/s ∆V to a launch vehicle with a mass of 60 Mg. Due to the exponential nature of the rocket equation, a small ∆V reduction would result in large savings in fuel and launch vehicle size. The main application of this launch system would be to provide single-stage-to-tether launch capabilities. Additionally, it could also reduce fuel requirements for single-stage-to-orbit launch vehicles, and could provide a means for delivering cargo and goods globally at hypersonic speeds.


This research project "Study the availability and quality of water for human
consumption Through Flow Monitoring Of Analysis And Physical, Chemical and
microbiological Parameters in Pesillo–Imbabura zone" aims to analyze the quality,
quantity and availability of water for human consumption through flow monitoring,
physicochemical and microbiological analyzes of ten Regional Water Boards
belonging to the Council of Community Boards Drinking Water Pesillo - Imbabura,
in order to generate information Community boards and obtain a water quality
management for efficient and healthy human consumption.
The study comes from the formulation of projects through the Center for Research in
Environmental Modeling (CIMA) and the Department of Collective Engagement,
belonging to the Salesian Polytechnic University to study and suggest alternative
solutions to the problems arising in the social environment in rural areas and the
social management of drinking water Pesillo-Imbabura.
The location of the study is north of the Ecuadorian territory in the central Andean
region comprises two provinces, the province of Imbabura, in Ibarra, Otavalo
cantons and Antonio Ante; and the province of Pichincha in the Pedro Moncayo
canton.
The experimental design chosen for determining the quality and availability of water
for human consumption consisted of two phases: technique phase is the work done in
the field and the analysis phase made in desk.
Some technical phase was the completion of two phases flow monitoring and water
sampling of the different units of community water systems, according to two
climatic seasons characteristics of the study area, the summer season (March and
April) and winter season (September and October).
The availability of water for human consumption is determined by the choice and
application of the volumetric method while determining water quality single
sampling was performed with making a single water sample taken for
microbiological and chemical physical analysis to Lab of Soil and Water Samples
Analysis Polytechnic University Salesian headquarters at Cayambe..
Data generation was obtained by in situ application of technical specifications, which
contributed to the tabulation of flow measurement and interpretation of chemical and
microbiological water physical parameters.
The results were obtained by managing database and conducting Excel PivotTables
to determine the availability of water in the ten Regional Water Boards. The
determination of water quality was performed by comparing the data obtained in
laboratory tests with the parameters specified in the Ecuadorian Technical Norma
INEN 1108 - "Specific requirements for drinking water," generating a percentage of
compliance with interpreting it as the norm and quality.


bilirubin determinations and gross grading of differential agglutination and direct antiglobulin tests. Most valuable in making this decision are titrations of any free blood group antibodies incompatible with the patient's own group. In the presence of these, any developing anemia which requires transfusion should be treated with packed, or preferably oncewashed, group 0 red cells."-Paul J . Schmidt, M.D.


Background: Evaporation of formaldehyde from embalmed cadavers cause terrific systemic hazards, from which the
 most frequently reported, is respiratory and testicular symptoms. Day-dependent exposure to formaldehyde can cause
 contact dermatitis, congenital defects like low birth weight and isolated heart disease, cytotoxicity in the respiratory
 tract in the form of acute lung injury, nasal obstruction, pulmonary edema, and cancer. The histopathologic and
 morphometric alterations in testis have a strong link with exposure duration periods and highly linked to decrease
 the function of both sertoli and leydig cells. Several findings ensured such exposure significantly causes and triggers
 tremendous health effects, but a conclusive review of findings and recommendations related to its oxidative stress
 and carcinogenic potential on multiple study subjects on the respiratory system and testis are lacking. This study
 is initiated to shade light on the risk of exposed individuals, warrant caution to those individuals and provide
 protective measurements in the dissection room.
Methods: We performed a systematic review using databases of Google Scholar, PubMed Central, Scopus, Medline
 Cochrane, and Web of Science. The search yielded 66 scientific articles out of which 26 were included in the discussion
 of the oxidative stress and carcinogenic effect of formaldehyde exposure on the respiratory system and testis.
Results: The review of the animal and human findings has shown significant oxidative stress and carcinogenic
 potential of formaldehyde exposure and anti-inflammatory responses of some novel agents. The effects of
 formaldehyde exposure depend on the lining tissue type, formalin concentration in embalming fluids, length of
 exposure, ways of exposure, animal type, sexual category, and a mixture of other aldehydes.
Conclusion: Formaldehyde causes dose-dependent oxidative stress, which is generally known to be detrimental
 to respiratory and testicular tissues. Formaldehyde has day-dependent carcinogenic effect in the upper respiratory
 tract. The possible negative manifestation of oxidative stress is due to the altered levels of trace elements in formalin
 treated testicular tissues and the most viable consequence of formaldehyde in testis tissue architecture is due to
 its potential to stimulate the reactivity of trace elements. From the review, it was concluded that females as the
 most sensitive, 20 minutes as the least exposure duration and 0.08 milligram per kilogram (mg/kg) as the least
 toxic dose of formaldehyde exposure. Regardless of the high potential of formaldehyde related tissue lesion, the
 reversible effects of some novel agents such as vitamin E, fish omega-3, melatonin, rose oils, flavonoids, polyphenols,
 Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester/CAPE, garlic aqueous extract were observed in reversing of the destructive property of
 formaldehyde. Despite complete prevention is not possible, exposed personnel should be cautious of the deleterious
 effects associated with occupationally exposed formaldehyde vapor.


I, the one that is me, am the one who is at the centre of all this. In his discussions of the multiplicity of I, Pessoa has shown, though, that this state is not a stable one, that the one that I am is not static and single but, with each new heteronym assumed, another I becomes me. Pessoa describes the phenomenology in one of his most famous, and most autobiographical, poems—the poem he calls his 'Autopsychography'. The phenomenology is that of the fugitive. The fugitive is the one who, in sustaining a multiplicity of heteronymic identities, feels nothing but estrangement, an emptiness of personality. Estrangement consists not in disidentification with any of the heteronyms but rather in merely contingent identification with each and every one. Jorge Luis Borges provides a fine depiction of fugitive phenomenology in his story Everything and Nothing. The phenomenology of the fugitive is that of introspective attention, an impartial analysis of the multiplicity of the inner lives which are one's own. The subject position as such is rightly conceptualized as a meeting place, a forum, for them all.


To solve the problem of abnormal angular velocity and angular acceleration in manipulator trajectory motion controlled by quintic spline interpolation algorithm, a manipulator trajectory control algorithm combined with moving average filtering algorithm was proposed. Based on the quintic spline interpolation algorithm, the moving average filtering algorithm was used to clean the abnormal data under the quintic spline interpolation. And the recursive forward dynamics model based on joint space motion was used to design the trajectory motion control of the manipulator. The simulation results show that the manipulator trajectory control algorithm combined with the moving average filtering algorithm has strong constraint ability of diagonal velocity and angular acceleration, and 67% of the maximum velocity and maximum acceleration of the joint axis of the designed manipulator trajectory are significantly reduced, and the curve is smoother.


formed on any tissue which will grow on tissue = culture. Most frequently used are the white cells of the blood but even cells taken postmortem can be made to grow. Skin and spleen have been mainly utilized in this way. The amount of blood required will vary with the size of the patient and the technic utilized. Ordinarily up to 10 ml. of blood are taken but only 5 ml. may be necessary: &dquo;micro&dquo; methods on only 0.2 mal. of blood are also in use. Success rate by any method should be around 80 per cent; if this is not attained the whole procedure must be reviewed. Apart from research, chromosome analysis in clinical pediatrics is useful for:


Femtosecond laser-assisted etching is a technique for internal micro removal processing of transparent materials. In the present study, we applied this technique to fluoride crystals of CaF2 and MgF2. In the case of CaF2, selective etching of a femtosecond laser-modified region was observed with etchants of aqueous solutions of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrogen chloride, while no signature of etching was observed for MgF2. Microchannels were fabricated in CaF2 substrates. At the inlet, the microchannel showed polygonal shapes, which may be related to anisotropy in the etching rate.


Polymorphism in solids is a common phenomenon in drugs, which occurs when an active pharmaceutical ingredient shows up in two or more crystalline forms. The polymorphism may influence the physical and chemical properties of pharmaceutical solids, particularly, solubility and dissolution rates which are very important properties because changes in these parameters may affect the absorption and consequently the bioavailability of drugs (especially those that have a low solubility). Carvedilol is an alpha and beta blocking agent that is used for the treatment of various cardiovascular disorders such as angina pectoris, congestive heart failure and hypertension. This work aims to prepare and characterize the forms II and III of Carvedilol drug and compare them in terms of solubility and dissolution rates. Carvedilol raw material was used as source of form II and Form III, and the last is a hemihydrate of Carvedilol that was obtained by a recrystallization process in ethanol/water 1:1 v/v. Both of the crystalline forms have been identified in this study by Powder X-Ray Diffraction experiments and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies demonstrated that the spectra of forms II and III of Carvedilol have no significant differences. The Thermal Analysis curves, as expected, allowed us to discriminate between the two forms due to a hydratation of Form III. In the solubility study, it was found that the polymorphic Form II is more soluble than Form III in certain conditions (pH 1.0 to 7.2). Dissolution studies have shown that polymorphism may influence the quality of Carvedilol tablets, since form III showed a higher drug release after 20 minutes of dissolution testing. Our results suggest that the identification of polymorphic phases should be a mandatory test for Carvedilol in an official co pendiu Acknowledg ents: e thank FAPEMI FINEP CAPES and CNPq for their financial support


A new assessment method for urban land suitability evaluation based on geographic information system(GIS)and artificial neural network(ANN)is proposed.In order to properly evaluate urban land,a new analysis index system is put forward.Finally,the method is used to evaluate the suitability of Jinan using GIS and SOFM,and the result shows that it is accurate and effective.


Abstract : This is the work of the bureau of the Department off Hygiene, Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Medical Sciences, USSR.


A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2006-07 and 2007-08 to demonstrate the effect of combined application of organic and mineral fertilizer on the available nutrient status of soil, its translocation in plant and on the subsequent yield of soybean. Ten integrated management modules were evaluated under Mollisols of Tarai region in Randomized block design. The maximum N and P concentration in plants at harvest (8.46 and 7.69% N for 2006 and 2007 respectively and 0.95 and 0.66% P for 2006 and 2007 respectively) was recorded with the treatment FYM @ 5 t ha -1 + Vermicompost (VC) @ 2.5 t ha -1 + Vermiwash (VW) @ 10% + 50% NPK. The same treatment maintained a higher available content of N (285.03 kg ha -1 for 2007 and 291.80 kg ha -1 for 2008) which was significantly higher than the control (i.e. 100% NPK). The maximum grain yields (3209.87 and 3230.88 kg ha -1 in 2006-07 and 2007-08 respectively) was also recorded by the combined application of FYM @ 5 tha -1 +VC @ 2.5tha-1 +VW@ 10% + 50%NPK. Thus it was observed that the treatment consisting of both organic and inorganic nutrient sources performed best among all the treatments used in the experiment.


D. H. Lawrence was the first British writer who visited Mexico and North America at the beginning of the twentieth century. During his stay there he wrote some of his best novels. But if we read them from a post-colonial perspective, we may regretfully find that some were written in strong colonial discourse. However, his disappointment at the decline of Western civilization and the pull to American natives expressed in his novels at this pened could best show Lawrence' s ambivalence toward the Americas.


Many proteins contain cysteines which are sensitive to oxidation. This is sometimes reversible through interaction with glutathione, glutaredoxin or thioredoxin systems making these proteins potential sensors of oxidative stress. In this study we analysed whether there was an increase in mixed disulphide bond (-S-S-) formation in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis in response to menadione. This was achieved by initially blocking reduced thiols with Nethylmaleimide, -S-Swere then reduced with dithiothreitol (DTT) and labelled with 5iodoacetamidofluorescein (5-IAF). Free –SHs were also labelled directly with 5-IAF. Separations were performed on 1D or 2D SDS PAGE and images analysed. There was an increase in –S-Sin response to menadione and detection of changes in oxidised proteins was easier than that of changes in the amount of reduced proteins. Protein disulphide isomerase


The occurrence of pesticides in drinking water sources is of concern for drinking water production companies as well as for the end users. However, it is still unclear which pesticides are removed, and to what extent, in widely used treatment methods such as coagulation–flocculation. Pesticides possibly interact with colloidal particles by adsorption on the flocs during coagulation–flocculation. In this study, removal of four pesticides (aldrin, dieldrin, atrazine, bentazon) was observed during jar test experiments in distilled and surface water (Dijle river, Belgium), using aluminium sulphate as a coagulant in different amounts ranging from no coagulant to high doses (300 mg/L). Without aiming at an accurate description of the removal process, the purpose of this study was to evaluate how much of the pesticides can be removed by changing the concentration, the dosage, the water matrix and the properties of the pesticides. The results show that the removal is usually low. The efficiency was worse when the matrix was distilled water than for Dijle river water, which is consistent with the idea that the removal of micropollutants only occurs through adsorption on the available organic material, and not on inorganic coagulants. Sorption on the natural material available in the Dijle river water seemed to be the main mechanism controlling the removal of micropollutants with coagulation/flocculation, rather than the amount of coagulant added. The hydrophobicity of the compounds was found to be a major factor in determining the removal efficiency with coagulation–flocculation; the most hydrophobic compound had the highest removal efficiency. Nevertheless, the removal was below 50% under all the tested circumstances. The results of this study prove that pesticide removal in conventional water treatment plants depends on physico‐chemical interactions, but is insufficient even with extreme doses of alum.


Polyimides (PI) and polybenzoxazoles (PBO) have good heat resistance, mechanical properties and electrical insulation. Therefore, they have been widely used as buffer coating and interlayer dielectrics with protection property for electric applications. Recently, fan-out wafer level package (FOWLP) has been attracting attention, because it has advantages of multi-pin, thinner and interposer-free. In this application, it is preferable that the curing temperature of PI and PBO is less than 300 °C for reducing the thermal damage of semiconductor devices and packaging materials. To meet the requirement of lower curing temperature, HD MicroSystems has developed new PBO named HD-8940 designed to satisfy 200 °C curing process. In this study, we evaluated reliabilities of HD-8940 in FOWLP, assembling two types of test element grope (TEG). We also simulated thermal stress during reliability test by finite element method. Finally, we confirmed the applicability of HD-8940 to FOWLP.


Bad drinking will damage the image of policeman,impact work,and make them villainous easily.The policeman should get rid of bad drinking by enhancing the ability to control themselves,and building up the legal ideas and so on.


The spatial distribution pattern of nine dominant trees in a secondary evergreen broad leaved forest in northern Fujian was studied using aggregate indices, Iwao's equation and Taylor's model. The results showed that the spatial distribution pattern of the nine dominant trees in the forest was aggregated pattern in population and the basic component of distribution was proved to be individual group, which approached to be aggregated pattern. According to Iwao's equation, the theoretical sampling numbers of forest survey were analyzed and calculated under different population densities and allowing errors.


SUMMARY

To evaluate the performance of a large-scale digital system, the system can be modeled by stochastic timed Petri nets (STPN) and a performance index can be estimated based on the number of iterations in a Petri net simulation. When the performance evaluation is carried out in a large distributed environment, parallel calculation with incidence matrices for the STPN can make the Petri net simulation more efficient. In this paper, we propose an ordering method for the incidence matrices to reduce the communication costs in the parallel calculation of matrix operations. For this purpose, we first propose a method of blocking the incidence matrices based on the structure of the system by taking into consideration synchronous and asynchronous buses as structural elements. We also propose a method for converting submatrices of the incidence matrices into band matrices. This method is based on breadth-first search in the STPN as represented by the submatrices. Finally, we demonstrate the benefits of ordering on the time required for a performance evaluation by carrying out a performance evaluation using the incidence matrices generated under the proposed method. In addition, we show that the ordering method can reduce the communication costs in a large distributed environment by estimating the utilization rate of calculation nodes.


This Master Thesis investigates the current role of LNGOs in delivering and implementing peacebuilding projects in the context of post-independence Kosovo. Due to LNGOs financial dependency from foreign donors, their role in peace-building has been questioned and challenged. The aim is to examine to what extent LNGOs are implementing the process of peace-building from below with regard to the relationship LNGOs/foreign donors. Semi-structured interviews with members from LNGOs in Kosovo have been carried out in order to collect empirical evidence to analyze the above objective. The relationship LNGOs/foreign donors has been framed according to the theory of frictional encounters between local/global and its possible outcomes. The empirical evidences show interesting results from the encounter LNGOs and foreign donors in Kosovo, which prove the possibility for LNGOs to pursue local needs and priorities in peace-building practices despite their financial dependency from foreign donors. This Thesis aims to fill the existing gap in peace-building and conflict resolution field. List of Abbreviations NGO = Non-governmental organization LNGO = Local Non-governmental organization INGO = International Non-governmental organization UN = United Nations UNMIK = United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo OSCE = Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe EULEX = European Union Rule of Law Mission ICO = International Civilian Office UNHCR = The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees USAID = The United States Agency for International Development UNDP = United Nations Development Programme ODA = Official Development Assistance KCS = Kosovar Civil Society EUFOR = European Union Force


Many texts of the OT depict violent events. The majority employ a narrative technique, which plays on the emotions and feelings of the reader, thereby manipulating his judgment concerning the event. The purpose of this article is to illustrate this technique by offering a narrative analysis of the the episode of the massacre of the priests of Nob in 1 Sam 21-22. Particular attention will be paid to the narrative tension, which is fundamentally a matter of suspense but not without curiosity or surprise, and on the modes of narration.


Most nashi cultivars require heavy thinning, and this has traditionally been performed by the time and labour-intensive practice of hand thinning. Crop load management is a key cost driver for nashi production, but there are limited cost-effective options available for nashi growers compared to other pome fruit, especially apples and, to a lesser extent, European pears. There is, however, potential to adapt some of the thinning tools and techniques used in apples and European pears to reduce the labour requirements and high cost of thinning in nashi, thus improving industry profitability. Several chemical thinning agents have potential for nashi, and an understanding of the optimal application rates, times and weather conditions for each chemical, as well as the conditions/factors that impact the tree carbon balance, will improve the predictability of chemical thinning. However, it is difficult to target specific flowers/fruitlets within a cluster with chemicals, and the flowers that produce the preferred fruit shape and size are in the middle of the flower cluster. Mechanical thinning during the flowering period with either Darwin or BAUM-style string thinners has potential, particularly as these devices can be used as early as flower emergence. As for chemical thinning, the issue of non-selectivity needs to be addressed; however, the development of mechatronic systems should overcome most problems that occur with the currently available mechanical thinners. Shading at critical times is an avenue that could be explored further to ascertain the critical stage when developing fruit are susceptible to enable the determination of the optimal timing and duration of shading. Targeted pruning and bud thinning during the dormant winter period to reduce the floral bud numbers is a valuable option for the precise placement of fruit in optimal positions and to set up the required number of clusters. This review highlighted several tools/techniques that, with further work, can be incorporated into a systematic approach to crop load management in nashi while reducing the risk and cost.


Indocyanine green (ICG) has been exploited as a photosensitizer for use in cancerous phototherapy including breast, brain, and skin tumors. Although ICG is of particular advantage for use in cancer phototherapy, it adversely tends to disintegrate in aqueous medium and such degradation can be markedly accelerated by light irradiation (photodegradation) and/or heating (thermal degradation). Furthermore, ICG after administered intravenously will be readily bound with blood proteins and hence leads to only 2 ± 4 min of plasmatic half-life. Among various pharmaceutical polymers, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is the copolymer of poly (lactic acid) and poly (glycolic acid) and is one of the best defined biomaterials with FDA approval for drug encapsulation due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and controllability for drug release. This review shows that novel applications of PLGA polymers as nanocarrier for ICG to improve of physicochemical properties of ICG such as Half-life.


Today there are many applications for the smartphone on the market whose purpose is to facilitate the training. Applications open up the possibility to log, reporting exercises and progression. Meanwhile, it turns out that the majority of the gym members are still using pen and paper when logging training results. The purpose of this thesis is to design an application containing an user friendly interface and investigate how this works, using this interface, in practice and whether it contributes to the practitioner's development.

This report contains an user-centered design process based on proven theories to achieve a user-friendly interface. These are combined with the knowledge of training developed by gathering knowledge from people with knowledge in the field.


Nanoscale composite energetics (also known as metastable intermolecular composites) represent an exciting new class of energetic materials. Nanoscale thermites are examples of these materials. The nanoscale thermites studied consist of a metal and metal oxide with particle sizes in the 30-200 nm range. They have potential for use in a wide range of applications. The modes of combustion and reaction behavior of these materials are not yet well understood. This investigation considers four different nanoaluminum/metal-oxide composites. The same nanoscale aluminum was used for each composite. The metal oxides used were molybdenum oxide (MoO 3 ), tungsten oxide (WO 3 ), copper oxide (CuO), and bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ). The reaction performance was quantified by the pressure output and propagation velocity using unconfined (or open burn) and confined (burn tube) experiments. We examine the optimization of each composite in terms of pressure output and propagaton speed (or burn rate) for the open burn experiment. We find that there is a correlation between the maximum pressure output and optimum propagation speed (or burn rate). Equilibrium calculations are used to interpret these results. We find that the propagation speed depends on the gas production and also on the thermodynamic state of the products. This suggests that condensing gases or solidifying liquids could greatly enhance heat transfer. We also vary the density of these composites and examine the change in performance. Although the propagation wave is likely supersonic with respect to the mixture sound speed, the propagation speed decreases with density. This behavior is opposite of classical detonation in which propagation (detonation) speed increases with density. This result indicates that the propagation mechanism may differ fundamentally from classical detonations.


Previous studies have shown that the aging vascular system undergoes pro-atherogenic phenotypic changes, including increased oxidative stress and a pro-inflammatory shift in endothelial gene expres...


Material-driven fibronectin fibrillogenesis is a novel route to engineer the network structure and biological activity of fibronectin fibrillar matrices in analogy with their physiological cell-mediated assembly. We identify specific surface chemistries that promote the cell-free formation of physiological-like fibronectin fibrils in a time- and concentration-dependent process. Our most recent and relevant results, reviewed in the chapter, demonstrate the role of this material-induced fibrillogenesis in cell adhesion, extracellular matrix organization and degradation, and cell differentiation.


1.The Field of Social Welfare Policy. 2.The Modern Welfare State. 3.A Framework for Social Welfare Policy Analysis. 4.The Basis of Social Allocation. 5.The Nature of Social Provisions. 6.The Design of the Delivery System. 7.The Mode of Finance: Sources of Funds. 8.The Mode of Finance: Systems of Transfer. 9.Who Plans? Choices in the Process of Policy Formation.


Hydraulic pump performance monitoring methods that can detect failures by using the outlet pressure signals of the pump are investigated. Two faults diagnosis methods, namely conventional spectral analysis method based on FFT and wavelet based multi-resolution analysis method, are introduced and their efficiency and reliability are discussed. The performance of both diagnoses methods were evaluated based on simulation results and experimental results. Validation results obtained from using both methods in analyzing the same sets of data indicated that the wavelet transform based fault diagnosis method showed a more sensitive and robust detecting results for all three tested pump faults than that obtained from a spectrum analyses approach.


The lymphatic system comprises a series of interconnected lymph nodes that are commonly distributed along branching or linearly oriented anatomic structures. Physicians must evaluate lymph nodes when staging cancer and planning optimal paths for nodal biopsy. This process requires accurately determining the lymph node's position with respect to major anatomical landmarks. In an effort to standardize lung cancer staging, The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) has classified lymph nodes within the chest into 4 groups and 14 sub groups. We present a method for automatically labeling lymph nodes according to this classification scheme, in order to improve the speed and accuracy of staging and biopsy planning. Lymph nodes within the chest are clustered around the major blood vessels and the airways. Our fully automatic labeling method determines the nodal group and sub-group in chest CT data by use of computed airway and aorta centerlines to produce features relative to a given node location. A classifier then determines the label based upon these features. We evaluate the efficacy of the method on 10 chest CT datasets containing 86 labeled lymph nodes. The results are promising with 100% of the nodes assigned to the correct group and 76% to the correct sub-group. We anticipate that additional features and training data will further improve the results. In addition to labeling, other applications include automated lymph node localization and visualization. Although we focus on chest CT data, the method can be generalized to other regions of the body as well as to different imaging modalities.


To improve transportation safety, this study applies Highway Safety Manual (HSM) procedures to roadways while accounting for unobserved heterogeneity and exploring alternative functional forms for Safety Performance Functions (SPFs). Specifically, several functional forms are considered in Poisson and Poisson-gamma modeling frameworks. Using 5 years (2011–2015) of crash, traffic, and road inventory data for two-way, two-lane roads in Tennessee, fixed- and random-parameter count data models are calibrated. The models account for important methodological concerns of unobserved heterogeneity and omitted variable bias. With a validation dataset, the calibrated and uncalibrated HSM SPFs and eight new Tennessee-specific SPFs are compared for prediction accuracy. The results show that the statewide calibration factor is 2.48, suggesting rural two-lane, two-way road segment crashes are at least 1.48 times greater than what HSM SPF predicts. Significant variation in four different regions in Tennessee is observed with calibration factors ranging between 2.02 and 2.77. Among all the SPFs considered, fully specified Tennessee-specific random parameter Poisson SPF outperformed all competing SPFs in predicting out-of-sample crashes on these road segments. The best-fit random parameter SPF specification for crash frequency includes the following variables: annual average daily traffic, segment length, shoulder width, lane width, speed limit, and the presence of passing lanes. Significant heterogeneity is observed in the effects of traffic exposure-related variables on crash frequency. The study shows how heterogeneity-based models can be specified and used by practitioners for obtaining accurate crash predictions.


Mark Altaweel Andrea Squitieri R E V O LU T IO N IZ IN G A W O R L D M rk A taw el nd A nrea Sqitieri This book investigates the long-term continuity of large-scale states and empires, and its effect on the Near East's social fabric, including the fundamental changes that occurred to major social institutions. Its geographical coverage spans, from east to west, modernday Libya and Egypt to Central Asia, and from north to south, Anatolia to southern Arabia, incorporating modern-day Oman and Yemen. Its temporal coverage spans from the late eighth century BCE to the seventh century CE during the rise of Islam and collapse of the Sasanian Empire.


In order to attain a lower detection limit with the HS GC MIP analytical method (Head-Space Gas Chromatography with Microwave-Induced Plasma detection) recently developed for the analysis of methylmercury in biological samples, the quarter-wave Evenson-type cavity used until now was replaced by a TM010 Beenakker-type cavity, which was used with both argon and helium as carrier gas. With an argon plasma, an eightfold increase in detection limit was gained compared with the argon plasma sustained by the Evenson cavity, while only a four-fold increase was gained with the helium plasma. In a second step of the study, the MIP detector was replaced by an AFS (atomic fluorescence) detector (CVAFS Model-2, Brooks Rand Ltd, Seattle, USA). With this AFS detector a detection limit of 1 ng methyl mercury per g biological tissue could be reached; i.e. measurements were 40 times more sensitive than those using the Evenson cavity. This detector has some other advantages compared with MIP detection: it is less expensive and easier to manipulate, while the same precision and accuracy are obtained. The use of AFS as detector in the headspace gas chromatographic system is therefore an important improvement for the analysis of methyl-mercury in biological samples.


This paper describes the distribution and population structure of the non-indigenous bivalve  Mytilopsis leucophaeta along the estuarine gradient in Capibaribe river and compares the density of native species  Mytella charruana with introduced  species  Mytilopsis leucophaeta from March 2007 to May 2008. The densities of the bivalve  M. leucophaeta  and M. charruana varied at each point of the estuary, and we observed that euhaline areas, the density of  M. leucophaeta  and M. charruana were  inversely proportional, thus indicating a competitive interaction between them. The rainy season strongly affects the density of  M. leucophaeta , with reduction or disappearance of the species just after the rainy season, this may be related to pollution  observed along the estuary of the Capibaribe river, since pollution accumulated in its the upper region is transported in large  quantities in winter because during the dry season flow of the river is very poor.  M. leucophaeta is well established in estuarine  areas of Recife, with a continuous and more intensive recruitment in the summer. It was found to be adhered to substrates to form  dense aggregates in intertidal regions, where it competes for space with the native species  Mytella charruana .


Participation in recreational sport is growing dramatically on a global basis and attracts millions of athletes. Sport event managers are consistently working to employ techniques that attract participants and increase economic impact. In order better understand recreational sport athletes, scholars and practitioners contend that research is needed to substantiate a comprehensive measurement with multiple variables. This study adhered to a multistage research design to develop and test the reliability and validity of a recreational sport participation scale (RSPS). Recreational sport was explored through active, serious and casual leisure. The proposed scale indicated five significant facets ('challenge', 'victory', 'sensory', 'workout' and 'social'). The dimensions were tested through confirmatory factor analysis and produced acceptable reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and model fit. Event promoters are encouraged to utilise the recreational sport participation scale to benchmark and measure the dimensions of motivation among recreationists. Marketing messages designed for distinct sport subcultures will aid in attracting sponsors and assist in increasing consumption values among this desirable segment of consumers.


Question: Although mangrove forests are generally regarded as highly threatened, some studies have shown that mangrove canopies in the Pacific coast of Mexico have been increasing in recent decades. We investigated the possible causes driving this reported mangrove expansion. Location: The mangrove lagoons of Magdalena Bay in Baja California, Mexico. Methods: We used 50-year-old aerial photographs and 24-year-old satellite images to compare long-term vegetation change, surveyed a coastal vegetation transect to analyse flooding levels, compiled six decades of tidal and oceanographic information, as well as hurricane data to analyse changes in storm frequency or sea-level conditions, and used isotopic analysis to date the age of trees along the gradient. Results: A significant increase in mangrove cover has occurred in backwaters of the lagoons during the last 40 years, and especially during the El Ni˜ no anomalies of the 1980s and 1990s, while at the same time the mangrove fringe has been receding. Conclusions: The observed change can be attributed to the combined action of the warm surface waters of El Ni˜ no events and sea-level rise. Jointly, these two effects are sufficient to flood large areas of previously non-flooded salt flats, dispersing mangrove seedlings inland. The inland expansion of mangroves, however, does not ease conservation concerns, as it is the seaward fringes, and not the inland margins, that provide the most valuable environmental services for fisheries and coastal protection.


Till now days there are methods for abstraction and reformulation of CSPs which facilitate easier and faster solving of CSPs [1] but there are not yet methods for organising and structuring the solution space. The thesis work proposed here is primely motivated by the need for an method for classifying and structuring the solutions of CSPs. Classical enumerative methods are deficient in organising the solution space in a compact manner. They present solutions in disorder, without showing any similarities or differences between alternative solutions. Particularly they fail to identify the boundaries within which the effect of change stays local. Here it is proposed a method to organise the solution space based on interchangeability concept. In [2], Freuder defined for the first time the notion of interchangeability and its different types. The concept of interchangeability capture the equivalence among values of a variable in a discrete constraint satisfaction problem. Freuder provided also an algorithm for computing local interchangeability, which further proved to be an efficient technique for preprocessing prior to further search CSP solutions [3]. Further, the procedure for computing local interchangeability proposed by Freuder was extended by Choueiry [4] for a weaker interchangeability form: neighbourhood partial interchangeability. In spite of its importance for many fields (like configuration [1], diagnosis [5], scheduling [6],planning [7], robot control [8] ) and the challenge its poses for the development of theoretical new approach to search in a CSP and finding similarity and relations between CSP solutions, interchangeability concept was neither further theoretical explored nor practical tested.


This chapter provides an introduction to the key ideas (statehood, the state of exception, imagination, law and civilisation) with which the book as a whole engages and how they relate to each other. The chapter also introduces several key interlocutors (e.g. Giorgio Agamben, Nasser Hussain, Benedict Anderson) on whose work the book builds. Discussion of these interlocutors indicates how their scholarship informs the book and some of the challenges that the book offers to their work. A summary of each of the ensuing chapters is provided with an explanation of the parameters of the book and its critical aims.


Introduction Down syndrome (DS), the presence of a supernumerary chromosome 21, is associated with cognitive dysfunction caused by early neurodegenerative processes. Alterations in the gut microbiota were observed in Chinese children with DS, and the genus Blautia was associated with cognitive function in these children. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the detailed composition of this group at the species level and to explore the effect of specific species on cognitive function. Methods In this study, Blautia-specific amplicon sequencing was conducted to identify the specific Blautia species in 15 children with DS and 15 matched healthy children. Results The taxonomic analyses suggested that the Blautia taxa were clustered by disease status. The diversity of Blautia at the species level differed between DS patients and healthy controls, with the abundances of Blautia massiliensis and Blautia argi decreasing in DS children, while Blautia faecis was increased. Acetic acid, one of the metabolites of Blautia, was significantly reduced in the DS group. Of particular interest, Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed decreased modules related to starch and sucrose metabolism and glycolysis. In addition, B. argi was positively related to DS cognitive scores, and B. faecis was negatively related to cognitive function, implying its role on the DS cognitive impairments. Discussion Our study has important implications for understanding the important effects of specific species of Blautia on cognitive function and thus possibly provides a new strategy for future studies of cognitive improvement in individuals with DS.


A preliminary analysis of the data from the first few weeks of operation of the Lockheed auroral particles experiment on ATS 5 has revealed some interesting characteristics of the low-energy particle environment at synchronous altitude during magnetically quiet times. The most prominent feature of the data is the occurrence of enhanced electron fluxes during local night in association with magnetic bay activity as observed on ground magnetograms. A tentative description of some of the 'signatures' of these magnetospheric substorm events is presented, based on the limited body of data that has currently been analyzed. The results of a preliminary statistical study of some of the electron plasma properties are compared with published data from a low-altitude polar satellite and with measurements made deep in the magnetospheric tail. The results are consistent with a model of magnetospheric convection in which auroral electrons are adiabatically compressed as they are convected inward and do not suggest the need for additional acceleration mechanisms to account for the average energization of the auroral electrons.


Educational activities should be appropriate to the learning and development potential of each student, which is more important when the student has some disability. In the case of students with hypoacusis, it is important to exploit visual aids, as they access information and knowledge mainly through them. In an Interactive Surface (IS), which offer such visual aids, users manipulate tokens (representing data or a function of a system) on a flat surface and the system interprets the location of these tokens on the surface and their relationships with other tokens. This paper reports an exploratory study aimed to obtain a better insight of the issues a learner with hypoacusis face while interacting with an IS (TanQuery) that is aimed to support learning of relational algebra, both in individual and collaborative settings. The results of the study are then used as the base for proposing a model of a distributed interactive surface to enable collaboration (even remote) of groups including students with hypoacusis.


The object of investigations was two-phase steel having the austenitic structure with ferrite precipitates (volume fraction about 10% ). The material was subjected to cold rolling up to about 85% of deformation and subsequently annealed within the temperature range 750°C÷1000°C. X-ray investigations included the phase analysis, measurements of pole figures and calculations of the orientation distribution functions (ODF's) for both component phases. The textures of austenite and ferrite after the final rolling reduction and successive stages of annealing were analysed within the centre and surface layers of the sheets. Examination of the austenite recrystallization texture included additionally the analysis of orientation fibres and transformations of the experimental and ideal ODF's. From the texture analysis it results that the mechanisms controlling the development of the austenite recrystallization texture is the selective growth of twins. Texture simulations indicate that austenite rolling texture can be transformed into the recrystallization texture according to twin relation, i.e. by rotation through an angle of (2n-1)×60° about poles. A certain contribution of the oriented growth into the texture formation was also found. In that case relation between the recrystallization and deformation textures may be described by rotation 30°÷40°/ . In both cases a variant selection of the rotation axis takes place. Based on the texture examination and the phase analysis it is additionally assumed that the (α→γ) phase transformation may exert some effect on the recrystallization textures of both component phases.


Heavy metals such as lead and cadmium are among the pollutants that are created by the metal production factories and disseminated in the nature. In order to study the quantity of cadmium pollution in the environment of the metal production factories, 50 saplings of the spruce species at the peripheries of the metal production factories were examined and the samples of the leaves, roots and stems of saplings planted around the factory and the soil of the environment of the factory were studied to investigate pollution with cadmium. They were compared to the soil and saplings of the spruce trees planted outside the factory as observer region. The results showed that the quantity of pollution in the leaves, stem and roots of the trees planted inside the factory environment were estimated at 1.1 milligram/kilogram, 1.5 milligram/kilogram and 2.5 milligram/kilogram respectively and this indicated a significant difference with the observer region (P


A high dielectric film of tantalum pentoxide is used (Ta However, the TO before the film is formed, unlike the capacitor manufacturing method of the semiconductor device according to the prior art for processing the lower electrode of the capacitor of only around the RTN process, the present invention will be processed before the lower electrode of the capacitor to the RTO + RTN method. This results in a high temperature heat treatment step can be continued after the formation of the TO film to prevent reaction of the surface interval is formed at the interface between the TO and the lower electrode film. In the capacitor according to the manufacturing method according to the invention the capacitor is high because it has a thinner thickness of the stable, yet leakage current characteristics over the prior it is advantageous for the integration.


In this paper, we explore the crucial role of technological innovation in achieving sustainable development. Technology has the potential to promote sustainability by incorporating green practices into production methods. However, it's important to design technology that balances economic, environmental, and social considerations, benefiting all stakeholders while minimizing negative impacts on the planet and society. We provide a systematic overview of the challenges of development over time and according to the scope of societal interest. We identify the direction of progress towards a more holistic and sustainable approach to innovation, aligned with the requirements of Smart Industry 4.0 and 5.0. The paper also delves into the significance of advanced tools like Cleaner Production (CP), Environmental Accounting (EA), Pollution Prevention (PP), Recycling (R), Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), Eco-labelling (EL), and the Environmental Technologies Action Plan (ETAP) in promoting sustainable development in the transition towards Smart Industry. Moreover, we address the timing of innovation strategies through a backward decision-making system and the selection of innovation tools to meet the goals of Industry 4.0 and the Smart and Sustainable Industry Generation 5. We recognize that the economic viability of each technology is essential for sustainability and must be considered over a period of 20+ years.


Concentrations down to 300 pM of the interleukin-6 biomarker, identified as an inflammatory marker for severe COVID-19 infection, have been detected in buffer using referenced microring resonators in the emerging Al2O3 integrated photonic platform. Antifouling was achieved by applying an Xantec HC1000M hydrogel.


Time-reversal invariance is a necessary condition for many exotic quantum phases, particularly for topologically nontrivial states, in spin-orbit coupled electronic systems. Recently realized spin-orbit coupled cold-atom systems, however, lack the time-reversal symmetry due to the inevitable presence of an effective transverse Zeeman field. We address this issue by analyzing a realistic scheme to preserve time-reversal symmetry in spin-orbit coupled ultracold atoms, with the use of Hermite-Gaussian-laser induced Raman transitions that create a bilayer structure and preserve spin-layer time-reversal symmetry. We find that the system's quantum states form Kramers pairs, resulting in symmetry-protected gap closing of the lowest two bands at arbitrarily large Raman coupling. We also show that Bose gases in this setup exhibit interaction-induced stripe and uniform phases as well as intriguing spin-layer symmetry and spin-layer correlation.


Distance relay is the main protection relay on the 70 kV Bolok - Maulafa transmission line. Distance Relay works by comparing the impedance on the line when in normal or abnormal conditions with the impedance attached to the relay. If the relay detects an abnormal condition in the line, namely when there is a short circuit or other disturbance, the relay will work according to the settings. The relay setting itself is divided into several areas of the relay work zone to work selectively in reading the disturbances that occur. This study aims to see how distance relay adjustment (Impedance Adjustment) affects the reading of the fault zone when there is a short circuit fault on the line. The Bolok - Maulafa 70 kV transmission line is divided into two protection zones. By using DigSILENT 15.1.7, the impedance is obtained according to the type of conductor used. By using the setup guidelines found on Doc: PDM / SGI15: 2014, the new tuning value for the distance relay on the 70 kV Bolok - Maulafa transmission line is obtained as follows: the new adjustment value for zone 1 and zone 2 carrying bay Bolok - Maulafa amounting to 4,698˂70.18⁰ sec. Ohm and 13,658˂70.18⁰ sec. Ohm. As for the delivery of Maulafa - Bolok, it was 4,264 ˂70.18 ⁰ sec. Ohm and 6,076˂70.18⁰ sec. Ohm. This new adjustment is compared with the adjustment of PT PLN in reading the fault zone by the characteristic curve of each relay using DigSilent 15.1.7. There is a 3-phase short circuit at the 10% point in the direction of Bolok to Maulafa relay with PT. PLN at Bolok Substation and Maulafa Main Substation reads disturbances in zone 1. While the relay with new settings at the Bolok substation reads disturbances in zone 1, and the relay at Maulafa Substation reads disturbances in zone 2.


At present developing era day to day practice suggested that maximum number of cases of Garbhashaya Grivamukhagata Vrana (cervical erosion). Its prevalence is more than 50% of all the gynecological conditions. It is a major problem for gynecologists and hazards effect of cervical erosion are also life disturbing, whole reproductive process can checked by it that's why it is necessary to pay immediate attention towards this most troublesome disease. Cervical erosion is the core of Stree Roga subject. On cervical erosion total 8 works in PG level has been completed out at Institute for Post graduate Teaching & Research in Ayurveda (IPGT & RA), Gujarat Ayurveda University, Jamnagar. Out of 8 research works, 4 works are on Agnikarma (cauterization), 1 work on Kshara Karma (application of caustics), 3 works are on Avachurnana (sprinkling of Powder) and 3 works are on electric cauterization. The drugs and procedures used in the research works have Vrana Ropana (ulcer healer), Shodhana (ulcer cleansing), Prasadana, Kushtaghna (anti-dermatosis), Kandughna (anti-pruritic) properties. All works are carried out on Bahya Parimarjana (external application) this facilitate enhanced drugs effect for early and uncomplicated wound healing.


In this paper, we demonstrate the optical near-field enhancement of a metal-aperture GaAs VCSEL with a nanometer-size Au particle. We achieved a record near-field intensity estimated from far-field measurements. Also, we could avoid the polarization dependence of metal-aperture VCSELs by using a symmetric-shaped nano-particle in a metal aperture. Measurement results show that the optical near-field intensity is enhanced by localized surface plasmons excited at the metal particle. We estimated the optical power density to be 5.7 mW//spl mu/M/sup 2/ which is a record high value in near-field VCSELs and is even higher than that of conventional single-mode VCSELs. This enhancement may enable us to use nano-aperture VCSELs with further optimizations for high-density optical storage.


Emmanuel Ebah. Glasgow, UK: Divine Spark Publications, 2015. Kindle Edition. File size: 824 KB. Pages: 50 (print length). Simultaneous device usage: unlimited. Price: £2.62 (free on kindleunlimited)

Readers of this journal will be familiar with the short- and long-term outcomes of female genital mutilation (FGM), both physical and emotional, on women and girls who are not consenting to its practice. Emmanuel Ebah, a spiritual philosopher, talks from a broad canvas. He sets out the background and global prevalence with 2015 figures and covers legislation to end the practice. This is in the context of human rights agendas, including the right to life and non-violence, and the un-Christian and un-Islamic interpretation of inflicting pain and subjugating women.

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Objective To amplify a cDNA sequence of coding region of Izumo protein in Inner Mongolian white cashmere goats and preliminarily analyze the protein structure.Methods Part of the known Izumo gene sequence of Inner Mongolian white cashmere goats was used as a template.The unknown sequences at 3′ and 5′ ends were amplified with rapid amplification of cDNA ends to produce a cDNA sequence encoding Izumo protein.The amino acid sequences of the coding region were analyzed.Results A 1035 bp cDNA sequence coding a 344 amino acid protein was obtained.The deduced amino acid sequence contained a immunoglobulin-like domain.The grand average of hydrophobicity was -0.181.Four potential phosphorylation sites were located in extracellular region.Conclusions The protein is further identified as one of the members of immunoglobulin euperfamily.A preliminary conclusion can be drawn that Izumo is a hydrophilic protein.PhosphoryIation may not be the mechanism of Izumo protein in fertilization according to the location of phosphorylation sites.

Key words:
Izumo gene; Sequence analysis; Inner Mongolian white cashmere goat


The distributions of breaking force and elongation of single fibers from five cultivated cotton varieties, African-51 (G. herbaceum), Asian-163 (G. arboreum), Maxxa and Texas Marker-1 (G. hirsutum), and Pima-S7 (G. barbadense), are studied. The range and distribution patterns of single fiber breaking force and elongation are significantly different for these cultivars and appear to be highly dependent on genotypes. Single fiber breaking force ranges from 16, 17, 20, 24, and 28 g for Pima-S7, TM-1, Maxxa, African-51, and Asian-163, respectively, and single fiber breaking elongation ranges from 16, 17, 18, 18, and 24% for these varieties. The single fiber breaking forces of Pima-S7 and TM-1 are symmetrically distributed, whereas those of the other three are asymmetrically distributed. African-51 and Maxxa have longer right tails, whereas Asian-163 has a longer left tail. Distributions of single fiber breaking elongation for all five varieties are asymmetrical and positively skewed, with the African and Asian cultivars having longer right tails. Within each cultivar, fibers of varying lengths have similar distributions in their breaking forces and elongation. This lack of relationship with fiber length suggests that these fibers' tensile properties may be independent of length development, i.e., during elongation of the primary cell wall through the early stage of secondary cell wall synthesis. Single fiber breaking force and elongation are positively correlated (r = 0.259 to 0.443) for all five varieties, with Pima having the highest correlation coefficient.


Understanding when small- or large-bodied cladocerans dominate zooplankton communities has received considerable debate over the past 50 years. While a large body of research has proposed that large-bodied species are superior competitors over small-bodied species, other studies have shown that small-bodied species can dominate at least under some environmental conditions. We tested the hypothesis that dominance by small- and large-bodied cladocerans varied in response to the coupled effects of food supply and temperature. Laboratory experiments with poly- and monocultures of small- and large-bodied cladocerans were performed at three temperatures (16°C, 22°C and 27°C) and with varying amounts of food supply. The results of the experiments showed that the small-bodied species (Ceriodaphnia quadrangula) dominated at low food supply and higher temperature, while the large-bodied species (Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex) in contrast dominated at lower temperature and higher food supply. Furthermore, although there were variations in the relative biomass of the small- and large-bodied cladocerans in the polycultures, C. quandrangula replaced the two larger Daphnia species when they declined in biomass at low food supply. Species replacement in response to temperature and food supply helped to maintain the relatively constant level of total cladoceran biomass in the polycultures which was the most pronounced at the intermediate temperature. We suggest that the observed changes in dominance were similar to facilitative replacement rather than competitive exclusion. Physiological processes such as clearance rates can help to promote the succession of large- and small- bodied populations within a community along gradients of temperature and food availability.


Because of scanning technology, a great deal of data is available to food retailers, and translating these data into information for management decisions is a major concern. Tremendous possibilities exist for the generation of data and the use of such data at all levels of rnanagerialdecision-making(departrnentallevel, store level, supervisory level, and senior management level). According to an executive task fol ce set up by the Food Marketing Institute, the supermarket industry is in a position "to surge forward in the application of information technology" (Supermarket News, January 1987). Although the hardware and software are currently available, to date it appears that relatively few resources have been devoted to generating and/or organizing scanner data to be used in managerial decisions (Capps, Thomas, Long).


Traffic congestion is one of the major problems that occur in large cities and generally occurs at crossroads. Traffic lights on one side will be very helpful in the fluency flow of traffic but on the other side even make the congestion worse. Many examples that occur are during rush hour and evening, Congestion occurs because the timing of traffic lights that are installed still use timing in normal traffic conditions. With such timing it will cause the buildup of vehicles on one side of the intersection and very susceptible to causing congestion. A good traffic control system will automatically adjust to the traffic flow density on the regulated path. An equipment system handled by the computer will feel more sophisticated, smarter, more automated, more practical, more efficient, safer, more thorough, and so on than if handled manually. In this research result of traffic light arrangement system using visual basic. Output of the system is the simulation of traffic engineering at the intersection. The criteria used include the number of deviations, the density of vehicles within a certain time, the width of the road and the direction of a one-lane road. Decision table created to determine the duration of the red and green lights, the green light flashed simultaneously, turn left the road continues and go straight path. Keywords : Decision tables, traffic light engineering, simulations.


Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) result from uncontrolled inflammation in the intestinal mucosa leading to damage and loss of function. Both innate and adaptive immunity contribute to the inflammation of IBD and innate and adaptive immune cells reciprocally activate each other in a forward feedback loop. In order to better understand innate immune contributions to IBD, we developed a model of spontaneous 100% penetrant, early onset colitis that occurs in the absence of adaptive immunity by crossing villin-TNFAIP3 mice to RAG1−/− mice (TRAG mice). This model is driven by microbes and features increased levels of innate lymphoid cells in the intestinal mucosa. To investigate the role of type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) in the innate colitis of TRAG mice, we crossed them to retinoid orphan receptor gamma t deficient (Rorγt−/−) mice. Rorγt−/− x TRAG mice exhibited markedly reduced eosinophilia in the colonic mucosa, but colitis persisted in these mice. Colitis in Rorγt−/− x TRAG mice was characterized by increased infiltration of the intestinal mucosa by neutrophils, inflammatory monocytes, macrophages and other innate cells. RNA and cellular profiles of Rorγt−/− x TRAG mice were consistent with a lack of ILC3 and ILC3 derived cytokines, reduced antimicrobial factors, increased activation oof epithelial repair processes and reduced activation of epithelial cell STAT3. The colitis in Rorγt−/− x TRAG mice was ameliorated by antibiotic treatment indicating that microbes contribute to the ILC3-independent colitis of these mice. Thus, Rorγt promotes eosinophilia but Rorγt and Rorγt-dependent ILC3 are dispensable for the innate colitis in TRAG mice.


AMOS SA has been awarded of the contract for the design, manufacturing, assembly, tests and on site installation (Devasthal, Nainital in central Himalayan region) of the 3.6 m Indo-Belgian Devasthal Optical Telescope (IDOT). The telescope has Ritchey-Chrétien optical configuration with one axial and two side Cassegrain ports. The meniscus primary mirror is active and it is supported by pneumatic actuators. The azimuth axis system is equipped with hydrostatic bearing. After successful factory acceptance at AMOS SA, the telescope has been dismounted, packed, transported, and remounted on site. This paper provides the final performances (i.e. image quality, pointing and tracking) measured during sky tests at Devasthal Observatory.


Three kinds of laboratory model mice in human chronic myelogenous leukemia are available, including xenotransplantation of CML cells into immunodeficient mice, bcr/abl retroviral bone marrow transduction and transplantation,bcr/abl transgenic mice. Recent studies in these different model systems have yielded important advances in our knowledge of the pathogenesis of human chronic myelogenous leukemia.


Background 94 Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) leads to reduced health-related quality of life 95 (HRQoL). The objectives of this analysis were to evaluate the effect of macitentan on 96 HRQoL in PAH patients in the SERAPHIN study. The association between baseline HRQoL 97 and long-term outcomes was also investigated. and associations between long-term outcome in PAH. this, recent data shown that the from baseline SF-36 PCS score after PAH treatment was not predictive of pre-specified analysis of change from baseline to Month 6 in SF-36, all other exploratory analyses were post-hoc and not adjusted for multiple comparisons. in in compared


We briefly review and provide commentary on sociological theories of gender inequality. The theories include Family Power Theory, New Home Economics Theory, the Neoclassical Market Model, Social Exchange Theory, Feminist Marxist Theory, and Human Capital Development Theory. Lastly, Human Capital theory is illustrated using the case of gender inequality in Japan.


The authors studied the thickness of the layers in both normal and bald scalps to determine the effect of aging on baldness. In non-bald subjects, 1) each scalp layer changes with aging; 2) the most noticeable changes are in the layers that contain hair; 3) the condition of the galea is influenced by aging. In bald subjects, 1) in early male pattern alopecia no changes occur in scalp thickness; 2) in advanced baldness, all skin layers except the galea exhibit definite thinning.


This is the first empirical study that focused on attitudes towards two varieties of Tamil, Literary Tamil (LT) and Standard Spoken Tamil (SST), with the multilingual state of Singapore as the backdrop. The attitudes of 46 Singapore Tamil teachers towards speakers of LTand SST were investigated using the matched-guise approach along with four-point semantic differential attitude scales. The scales formed three dimensions – status, solidarity and social attractiveness; and three additional distinct traits – love for language, suitability for Tamil teaching and suitability for media presentation. The teachers' perceptions of LT and SST guises of two out of three speakers were found predominantly comparable for all attitude dimensions (status, solidarity, and social attractiveness) and two discrete attitude items (love for language and suitability for Tamil teaching). Two speakers were rated lower when using SST than when using LT in terms of perceived suitability for media presentation. Tamil teachers' attitudes were influenced by the pitch and pitch variation of the speakers' voice. Differences in teachers' perceptions of SST and LT guises were detected primarily only for the speaker whose voice has the highest pitch and highest pitch variation. The same speaker was rated highest in all measures given above.


Citaristi traces the Danda rituals of Orissa and its origins. It looks at how the Danda uses the elements of water, fire, air and dust to represent the earthly and agrarian concerns of the performers. Spring and autumn are seasons of change, and marked by elaborate and difficult rituals to the Siva-Sakti cult icons. The Dandas use these rituals as a means not only of reinforcing their age-old practices but also to ensure continued prosperity of their agricultural pursuits. It is interesting to note the strong Tantric roots to the celebrations, which are marked by penance, fasting and heavy physical action.


The paper presents a theoretical analysis of the thermal boundary layer induced by an isothermal sphere rotating in an otherwise quiescent fluid. The boundary layer is considered to be laminar and compressible, and the effects of buoyancy and viscous dissipation on torque, heat transfer, and the position of the ideal jet (the plane of impingement of the boundary layer from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres) are taken into account.