Abstract In order to determine the enantiopurity of carnitine, three biosensors were proposed for the assay of l-carnitine and three biosensors for the assay of d-carnitine. The biosensors were designed using physical and chemical immobilization of l-amino acid oxidase and/or horseradish peroxidase for the assay of l-carnitine, and d-amino acid oxidase and horseradish peroxidase for the assay of d-carnitine. Electrode characteristics were obtained and compared for the different carbon paste biosensors. The linear concentration ranges for the proposed biosensors were in the fmol/L to nmol/L magnitude order. The biosensors proved high reliability for the determination of the enantiopurity of carnitine as raw material, and in its pharmaceutical formulations.


Purpose: Most MRI segmentation techniques are intensity based. Since the image intensity varies from patient-to-patient, scanner-toscanner, and across imaging sessions, intensity normalization (IN) is a critical step in image processing, and particularly for consistent segmentation. The IN technique described by Nyul et al [1] is commonly used because of its simplicity, effectiveness, accuracy and computation time [2]. The strategy underlying this algorithm is to deform in a piece-wise linear manner based on pre-defined landmarks in the image histograms and match these landmarks to a reference histogram determined through training. This method has been recently validated in the context of multiple sclerosis (MS) segmentation on a relatively small sampling of patients [3]. However, estimation of the optimal parameters for IN is challenging, and not evaluated critically on large cohorts. Further, there are no studies to assess a specific reference histogram or a specific set of histogram landmarks. The purpose of this work was to significantly improve IN by identifying an optimal set of parameters and verify them on a large cohort of MS patients.


The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the body and lies within the quadriceps tendon. The patella does very important role as structure in the extemsoi mec 'sm of the knee. Fractozes of the pate11a are predominantly intra-articuhr fraeture aod the methods of treatment are well known as clased duction, open reduction and pateRectomy. The subjects of our study are twenty eight cases of pateUar fracture, these are followed at least more than one year. We analyze the causes of trauma, fracture pattern and the results of each treatment method. The results obtained, were as follows; 1. The majority of these fractures occurred in male patients between 20 and 50 years of age, 2. The majority of patellar fractures result from direct bjury; the most common etiologies are slip down or fall down (15 cases) and direct blow in vehicular trauma (13 cases). 3. The most common configuration of fractures was the comminuted (17 cases), but the fracture pattern by indirect force is typical transeverse fracture. 4. Seven cases were treated by qonservative meihod and twenty one cases by open reduction. The cases of open reduction are mostly fixed with tenaion band wirjng ar modified tension band wiring. 5. Modified tensian band wiring fixation has given acceptable results even in severely comminuted or displaced patellar fractures.


Epigenetic conversion overcomes the stability of a terminally differentiated cell, allowing phenotype switch and providing an unlimited source of autologous cells of a different type. It is based on the exposure to an epigenetic modifier that increases cell plasticity, followed by a differentiation protocol. In our work we treat mammalian dermal fibroblasts with the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine. Cell differentiation is directed toward the endocrine pancreatic lineage, with a sequential combination of key growth factors. The overall duration of the process is 36 days (Pennarossa, 2013; Brevini, 2015; Brevini, 2015). However, this protocol, as well as all differentiation procedures described in the literature, uses high and non-physiological concentrations of glucose. Here we report experiments aimed at investigating whether the use of lower glucose concentrations, that more closely mimic the in vivo physiological environment, can support fibroblast conversion into β-like cells. To do so, cells were cultured as described above, but using lower and more physiological glucose levels, namely 5.5 and 8.5 mM that correspond to normoglycaemia before and after meals (International Diabetes Federation, 2007). Our results show that mammalian cells are not able to differentiate into insulin secreting cells in a low glucose environment. In particular, cells do not aggregate into pancreatic islet structures and display an altered gene expression pattern for several early pancreatic markers, when compared to the standard trend obtained with 17.5 mM of glucose. These results suggest that high glucose levels are essential for the achievement of the endocrine pancreatic differentiation process in mammalian cells and appear to be crucial for functional efficiency and morphological organization.


-High power LED (Light Emitting Diode) has a wide application in lighting for its good features. In this paper, the electrical properties of LED are first introduced, and then a series-parallel connection of LEDs with more stability and reliability is adopted on the basis of the features of parallel connection and series connection. After that, a flyback circuit for driving high power LED group with a constant-output-current is investigated, and the parameters are designed. According to the driving method, a circuit prototype with an output of 10.0V/1.10A is fabricated and tested in rated load and overload conditions to verify its current stability. Experimental results show that the LED drive circuit has a high accuracy, good stability and high efficiency, suggesting that the proposed method might be practical for driving high power LEDs. Keywords--LED lighting; flyback; constant current; drive circuit


ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TECHNIQUES WERE USED IN NONDESTRUCTIVE THICKNESS TESTS ON BOTH CURED AND FRESH CONCRETE. BEING AN ELECTRICALLY ISOTROPIC, HOMOGENEOUS, PURELY RESISTIVE LAYER OF THICKNESS, H WAS ASSUMED TO BE IN PERFECT CONTACT WITH A BASE LAYER OF INFINITE EXTENT. EQUATIONS APPLICABLE TO THIS MATHEMATICAL MODEL WERE DEVELOPED ASSUMING A WENNER ELECTRODE CONFIGURATION WITH BOTH FINITE AND INFINITE LENGTH ELECTRODES. LINE ELECTRODES WERE USED TO AVERAGE OUT THE ANISOTROPIC AND UNHOMOGENEOUS EFFECTS THAT EXIST ON A POINT BASIS. THIS MATHEMATICAL MODEL WAS FOUND TO BE APPROXIMATELY CORRECT FOR FRESH CONCRETE BUT INADEQUATE FOR CURED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS. AN INSTRUMENTATION SCHEME FOR LINE ELECTRODES WAS DEVELOPED USING AN AUDIO OSCILLATOR, AN AMPLIFIER, AND TWO DIGITAL VOLT METERS RATHER THAN A BRIDGE CIRCUIT, ALONG WITH ALTERNATED CURRENT AT 100 HZ. DATA REDUCTION SYSTEMS WERE DEVELOPED FOR USE WITH FINITE LENGTH LINE ELECTRODES. A CURVE MATCHING TECHNIQUE WAS USED IN THE FIELD TO OBTAIN DATA FOR COMPUTER PROGRAMMING. DISADVANTAGES FOR THE SYSTEM USED IN THE STUDY: (1) APPLICABILITY ONLY TO FRESH CONCRETE, AND (2) INAPPLICABLE TO CURED AND/OR REINFORCED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS. /FHWA/


Based on the management function of flood control,the author discussed the idea of standardized dynamic management of flood level at large and medium-sized reservoirs.


This study discusses the pedagogical issue of communication strategies (CS), which has split CS researchers' views into two opposing groups. In this paper, CS are investigated from (1) an intraindividual perspective and (2) an interindividual perspective. In each of these studies, an experimental CS training program was administered to Japanese college EFL learners. Combining the major fi ndings, this study concludes that intraindividual and interindividual perspectives of CS are complementary rather than exclusive as some researchers (Kellerman, 1998) propose. Furthermore, this study argues that it is premature to determine the pros and cons of the CS teachability issue without making adequate attempts to create a feasible strategy for strategies, including production of teaching materials and appropriate teaching methodology.


founded in New York in May, 1917, for the purpose of studying and presenting "past national and international experiences for such light as they may throw on present events and policies." Relations between the two countries are divided into three epochs, 1607-1763, 1763-1815, and 1815 through 1898; and within each the leading events are briefly and concisely summarized. A seven-page conclusion points to the need of unity of the English-speaking peoples. At the close of the volume are two useful sections giving references to citations from authorities used in the earlier part of the book, and a partial bibliography. There is so much ignorance and misunderstanding about the relations between America and what was once England, but is now Britain, that an authoritative and brief account is welcome. It is especially valuable when Americans are considering the character of various nations with which America may decide to associate herself for her future safety. The book contains a facsimile letter of Thomas Jefferson to President Monroe, dated from Monticello, October 24, 1823, which is startling in its present aptness. The book also describes the position of George Washington in the development of the English-speaking civilization, and the esteem in which his memory is held in that greater England, now so well termed the Britannic Commonwealth. The anonymous nature of the book is an innovation which will be watched with interest in America where such procedure is not common. The publishers' foreword states that if the public reception given to this volume justifies there will be further monographs similar in general purpose and character. It is sincerely to be hoped that the History Circle will give us more material of the same value and timeliness.


With respect to decision making problems with interval numbers, a multi-criteria decision making method under prospect theory is proposed. This method firstly regardes the criteria value as N arithmetic random numbers in the given interval, and the regularity of criteria value distribution for the interval is expressed by the normal distribution function. Then, on the basis of the given reference points of criteria, the prospect value of criteria for every alternative is calculated by value function and decision weight function, and the prospect value of alternative is acquired by weighted average method. At last, all the alternatives are sorted and the optimal one is chosen according to the prospect values. Feasibility of the method is demonstrated by a simple illustrative example.


J Thorac Dis 2020;12(9):5050-5052 | http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jtd-2020-49 Lung cancer is a global challenge with a high number of deaths every year (1). Development in lung cancer research should allow us to better define risk groups and to offer an always more patient-tailored therapy. In the last years, adenocarcinoma has become the most frequent histotype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In 2015 the World Health Organization (2) reviewed the histological classification identifying different patterns with different clinical behaviors both in terms of overall survival and disease-free survival; these differences in long term outcomes could be justified by a different incidence in molecular features between these subtypes. Based on all these peculiarities, the association of histological and molecular features delineates further subgroups of NSCLC which have different prognostic outcomes and therapeutic options. Despite these advances towards a molecularoriented therapy approach, data do not show homogeneous results and the use of molecular testing is also limited by different policies of national health systems and high costs. The consensus conference o f the Soc ie ty for Translational Medicine on postoperative management of EGFR-mutant lung cancer was focused on the management of mutated EGFR NSCLC after surgical resection (3). Beyond the members of the Society, several international experts were consulted to have a wider insight on the subject. The results of the consensus conference together with the opinions of the international experts reflect the broad heterogeneity in the management of these patients between different countries. Several trials [such as RADIANT (4), the ADJUVANT/ CTONG1104 (5) and the EVAN (6)] explored the efficacy and safety of new tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) like erlotinib in different setting on a different subset of patients in addition to standard cisplatin-based chemotherapy and built a good amount of high-grade evidence for their current use. The consensus conference focused on several aspects of the current management of post-surgical NSCLC, proposing some dedicated changes for those with mutated EGFR. First of all, the consensus statement number 1 affirms that EGFR mutation should be tested in all patients with a radically resected non-squamous NSCLC. Although the strength of recommendation was considered strong, the opinion of international experts was not unanimous. As a matter of fact, EGFR mutation analysis is usually recommended in case of advanced non-squamous NSCLC or in case of young, non-smoker patients with squamous NSCLC, but a routine evaluation in case of early-stage or when adjuvant treatment is not indicated is not clearly supported by the current evidence. In some cases, EGFR analysis might be postponed and performed only in case of recurrence. The choice of testing patients for EGFR Editorial Commentary


"Land Reform" to Food Insecurity Before the end of the year Zimbabwe will probably suffer from a record food crisis thanks to the poor harvest last Spring. Although the whole South African region experienced various degrees of drought during the last agricultural season, the main driver behind this tragedy is the economic policy of Robert Mugabe's regime during the last ten years. In particular the "fast track" land reform launched in February 2000 without adequate preparations and for the sake of political expediency had a severe impact on the agricultural output. It created chaos in the industry and upset the traditional coping mechanisms for fighting famine. The growing economic disintegration and the financial crisis in Zimbabwe preclude a come back to the normal with or without good rains early next year.


PACS is the realization of the medical image information management an important condition for its acquisition of medical imaging,display,storage,exchange and output for digital processing,the ultimate realization of the digital image archive management and transmission. The goal is to achieve the PACS medical imaging in hospitals inside and outside the rapid transfer and sharing,so that doctors and patients by the time I can get needed medical images. In this paper,in this the core of the security framework of a distributed PACS system is designed and implemented on3-level of authentication,database monitoring and behavior.


Objective:By 1 115 Lipid analysis of physical examination results,to undersand blood lipid of public's and to explore the causes of blood lipids elevated and preventive measures.Methods:blood lipids of 1115 physical examination personnels in our hospital in 2009.8-9 were analyzed by age.Results:The positive rates of hyperlipoidemia in 18~30,31~40,41~50 and 51~60 years of age were 38.26%,54.94%,72.68% and 75.35%.Comparison of all ages,With the increase of age,the positive rate of hyperlipoidemia increased significantly tendency.The highest positive rates of hyperlipoidemia was in the age group of over 40 years.The positive rates of hyperlipoidemia in male was higher than in female.Conclusion:The promotion of public health knowledge and public education,the enhancing of physical exercise,regular medical examinations can reduce and control the incidence of hyperlipoidemia.


NMR spectroscopy is a very important analytical tool in modern organic and inorganic chemistry. Next to the identification of molecules and their structure determination, it is also used for the distinction of enantiomers and the measurement of enantiomeric purity. This article gives a brief review of the techniques being developed for enantiomeric differentiation by virtue of chiral alignment media and their induction of enantiomerically dependent anisotropic NMR parameters like residual dipolar couplings. An overview of existing chiral alignment media, a brief introduction into the basic theory and measurement of the various anisotropic parameters, and several example applications are given.


The article is devoted to the intriguing and understudied aspect of the regional art studies the attribution of the pre-revolutionary architectural structures of Omsk. The author compares the exterior of two prominent Art Nouveau style buildings in Omsk and Krasnoyarsk, reveals and analyses the circumstances of their construction and thus draws a conclusion about the probable authorship of R.&T. Elworthy Company''s office building in Omsk. The publication provides exclusive illustrations.


This article utilizes looks to punk rock pedagogy or the ways in which countercultural and decolonial ontologies are developed in punk subculture, to theorize Māori-Philippine relations in Aotearoa New Zealand. It uses an agential realist methodology to engage with the creative works of TOOMS, James Roque, and Marianne Infante (three New Zealand performing artists of Philippine ancestry). These works read through historiographic accounts of the Philippine diaspora to theorize how contemporary independent artists are reviving the ancestral bonds that once linked the Philippines and the Pacific. Theorizing Māori-Philippine relations through punk rock shows what Indigenous and immigrant peoples stand to gain when they decenter the colonizer and prioritize communing with one another.


Abstract
Purpose
This chapter points out and tries to describe the (missing) link between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and social ontology/ontology of the firm. The author believes that this gap in the literature hinders the progress of CSR theoretical/empirical understanding and effectiveness; therefore, the following question is addressed: is a social theory-focused approach to the ontology of the firm relevant to CSR studies? While currently many disciplines are seeking to clarify CSR theory and practice, the role of social ontology has relatively been under-explored despite its foundational importance.

Design/methodology/approach
This chapter provides rationales for identifying a set of interrelated themes to be included in future research projects. A literature review is carried out, and further analysis and desk research can be drawn from the key notions identified.

Findings
This viewpoint conceptual chapter suggests that social ontology can be an important subject of inquiry in order to bridge the existing gaps in CSR/Business Ethics studies. A possible conceptual agreement for a realist and social theory-focused approach to CSR is illustrated.

Research limitations/implications
While encouraging more effort and commitment in this emerging and fascinating field, this chapter concentrates on some selected key aspects such as the meaning of corporate moral agency and the ontological status of social collectives (e.g. firms).

Practical implications
This chapter lays the ground for future pilot exploratory research, and could be instructive for the construction of specific research methodologies/theoretical tools seeking to explore not so much the ways CSR is defined (indeed, there seems to be a broad consensus about it) but rather how CSR is socially constructed, implemented and carried out.

Social implications
This chapter can potentially help grow knowledge about the nexus between CSR, social ontology and the underlying metaphysical issues, thus facilitating a comprehensive inter-/multi-/pluri-disciplinary understanding and giving a contribution to the relevant ongoing scientific and practical debates.

Originality/value
This chapter, while uncovering and exploring the aforementioned novel connections, can enrich the study of CSR with respect to the current mainstream approaches, for example, stakeholder management and engagement, social accounting and reporting, socially responsible investment (SRI).


Social media arose as a way to communicate with friends, but it evolved to become a significant medium through which individuals exercise their right to free speech. At the same time, social media has raised a variety of challenges for fundamental rights. Whereas national and supranational legislators play a key role in terms of governing social media, court decisions are a test-bed for the protection of fundamental rights in a social media context. This article seeks to shed light on the social media jurisprudence of constitutional and supreme courts in a selected set of EU Member States. It examines in particular the contribution of national judiciaries to the protection of freedom of expression online and its balancing with other rights and interests in a social media setting. The focus is on cases that concern political speech, cases that examine the application of safeguards for the press on social media, and cases that reflect upon the impact of social media on legacy media regulation, that is, regulation for the mass media from the pre-digital age. The analysis identifies key trends in domestic judicial reasoning and shows the importance of fundamental rights as an interpretative tool for judicial decision-making on social media standards.


A number of Ln6MO12 phases, where Ln = rare earth cation and M = Mo, W, Re or U, crystallizes in a distorted rhombohedral fluorite structure with space group R-3 [1, 2]. The same crystal structure is observed for Sc6MO12 compounds, where M = Mo and W [3]. In our work a new complex rhenium scandium oxide, Sc6ReO12, has been synthesized as a single phase in a sealed silica tube and by high-pressure high-temperature synthesis, and its crystal structure has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. This compound crystallizes in a rhombohedral structure (space groupR-3, a= 9.248(2) A, c = 8.720(2) A, Z = 3). Figure 1 demonstrates the dependence of the cell parameters ''a'' and ''c'' on the ionic radius of the trivalent cations in the isostructural compounds Ln6ReO12 (Ln = Sc, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu). This structure represents a three-dimensional framework formed by ReO6 and ScO7 polyhedra connected via edges and corners. ReO6 octahedra are undistorted, the Re-O interatomic distance dRe-O= 1.926 A is in a good agreement with the Re-O distances observed for other Re containing oxides with a formal rhenium oxidation state +6. ScO7 polyhedra represent capped prisms with six close oxygens (dSc-O = 2.027 2.230 A, in agreement with average Sc-O distances in other Sc-containing oxides), and one more distant oxygen (dSc-O = 2.67 A), which is included in the coordination sphere due to calculated bond-valence parameters. The synthesis of Sc6ReO12 under high pressure indicates the stability of its structure up to 50 kbar and 1300 C. The magnetic properies of Sc6ReO12 were also investigated.


A 2-identical-unit system, with either 1 or 2 repair facilities, is considered. Initially, only the existence of the unit failure and repair time densities is assumed. Equations are derived describing the distributions of the system up, down and total repair times, number of repairs, times of the nth unit failure and nth repair completion, and the probability that i units are operating at time t. These equations are then solved under the assumption that the unit times to failure have a density which is a linear combination of EBXA radian densities. For some arrangements of the system, the first moments arc exhibited for arbitrary failure/repair distributions.


Twelve combinations have been done with incomplete diallel cross design, which were crossed by three male sterility lines and four restoring lines. The combining ability of F1 ten characters (glucosinolate, protein, oil, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, eicosenoic, erucic acid) is analyzed. Results showed: general combining ability effect of A-lines were different significantly at 0.05 or 0.01 level on glucosinolate, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linolenic, eicosenoic acid. General ability effect of Clines are different significantly at 0.05 or 0.01 level on glucosinolate, protein, oil, stearic, oleic, linolenic, eicosenoic acid. Specific combining ability effect of A-line and C-line have marked influence to F1 three characters only, they are content of protein, oil and stearic acid. General combining ability effect of A-lines and C-lines has great influence to F1 most quality characters. The quality characters of parents must be improved in breeding. Tests showed that the combination with A9 and P27-1 has higher content of oil, oleic acid, protein and lower content of erucic acid, glucosinolate, linolenic acid.


The present report describes a computerized Psychiatric re cord model. In the development of this model, three aims have been emphazised: operativity, simplicity and possibility of being implemented for research purposes. The model here proposed (HCPCC) is articulated on data blocks and is complemented by a series of extension and ope rative programs.


In spite of national and worldwide recommendations, codeine prescriptions for children presenting to an emergency department (ED) with cough or an upper respiratory infection (URI) have not declined, according to a cross-sectional analysis funded by the National Institutes of Health.


Data center benefits cloud applications in providing high scalability and ensuring service availability. However, virtual machine (VM) placement in data center poses new challenges for service provisioning. For many cloud services such as storage and video streaming, present placement approaches are unable to support network-demanding services due to overwhelming communication traffic and time. Therefore VM placement concerning link capacity is vital to cloud data centers. In this paper, we define the network-aware VM placement optimization (NAVMPO) problem based on integer linear programming. The objective function of NAVMPO problem aims to minimize communication time for VMs of the same service type. Then we propose the service-oriented physical machine (PM) selection (SOPMS) algorithm and link-aware VM placement (LAVMP) algorithm. The SOPMS algorithm selects the most appropriate PM based on service-oriented architecture, and then the LAVMP algorithm deploys the most suitable VM to target PM regarding to the link capacity between them. Simulation results show that the proposed placement approach significantly decreases communication time compared to existing non-service-oriented and service-oriented VM placement algorithms, and also improves the average utility rate of PMs with lower power consumption.


Let be a foliation in the projective space of dimension two with a first integral of the type , where F and G are two polynomials on an affine coordinate, = and g.c.d.(p, q) = 1. Let z be a nondegenerate critical point of , which is a center singularity of , and be a deformation of in the space of foliations of degree deg() such that its unique deformed singularity near z persists in being a center. We will prove that the foliation has a first integral of the same type of . Using the arguments of the proof of this result we will give a lower bound for the maximum number of limit cycles of real polynomial differential equations of a fixed degree in the real plane.


Simvastatin (SMV) and Ezitimibe (EZT) are the antihyperlipidemic drug belonging to HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and helps to reduce harmful cholesterol levels in blood. A rapid, specific and economic UV spectrophotometric method has been developed using Methanol and distilled water in the ratio of (40:60) as a solvent for simultaneous determination of Simvastatin and Ezetimibe content in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage formulations. The absorbance values at 246 nm and 229 nm were used for the estimation of Ezetimibe and Simvastatin. The absorption maxima of Ezetimibe and simvastatin shown at 246 nm and 229 nm and methanol and distilled water in the ratio of (40:60) was used as solvent. This method obeyed Beer's law in the concentration range of 3–18 μg /ml for simvastatin and 5-30 μg /ml for Ezetimibe. The Simultaneous Estimation method was developed and validated according to ICH guidelines for linearity, precision, accuracy, LOD and LOQ. Simvastatin found to be linear within concentration range of 3-18 μg/ml with regression coefficient of 0.998 and Ezitimibe found to be linear within concentration range of 5-30 μg/ml with regression coefficient of 0.999. The percentage RSD value for the SMV at the concentration of 3, 6 and 9 μg/ml and their average % RSD value were 0.350, 0.168 and 0.286 while for the EZT the concentration of 5, 10 and 15 μg/ml and their average % RSD value were 0.387, 0.170 and 0.282. The average % recoveries for three different concentrations was found to be 95.50 % for SMV and 96.60 % for EZT. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 0.33 μg/ml and 1.33 μg/ml for Simvastatin and 1.007 μg/ml and 4.04 μg/ml for Ezitimibe respectively by proposed UV spectrophotometric method. The results of validation parameters indicates that the developed method was also found to be accurate, precise and sensitive and such simple & economic method can be used for the simultaneous estimation of Simvastatin and Ezitimibe. The obtained results proved that the method can be employed for the routine analysis of simvastatin and Ezetimibe in bulks as well as in the commercial formulation.


DEAFNESS in childhood is rarely an obvious defect and it can easily be missed, particularly in infancy. It presents many special problems and it is better to study them as a team. In recent years, members of the Department of Otolaryngology and Education of the Deaf of Manchester University have collaborated together to study some of the problems. In a Ministry of Health report, published in December, 1957, it was estimated that not less than one child in every thousand births had a profound congenital deafness and would never be able to hear speech. Also, another two children per thousand had a sufficient hearing loss, resulting in lack of ability to hear unaided, a teacher's voice in an ordinary classroom. In our collaboration, 354 children were personally examined. The ages ranged from 10 months to 16 years. There were 66 children of pre-school age and 288 of school age. In early investigations of the causes of deafness, many cases were classified as congenital when, in actual fact, they were acquired. As early as 1894, Mygind recognized this error in classification. Since that time, with ever-increasing knowledge of how disease may affect hearing, there has been a greater degree of accuracy in determining causation. Children in the pre-school age group are usually referred because normal speech has not developed. School children are sent by medical officers who have seen them for routine checks. In most cases, deafness has not been suspected or noticed by the parents. At school, they are often assessed as dull and backward and it is only rarely that the teacher has suspected deafness as a possible cause for their lack of progress. The important points in the clinical history are as follows: Has deafness


Upon detecting the passengers who come to the elevator stand in the passenger detecting device 8 is a management control device 9 of the elevator passenger car calls before operating the stand call (4). Do yeohahi estimate the direction you want to go to the passenger when the call is the determine yeohahi do a number of tasks as through the stand instead of the passengers. Thus, the learning statistical process on past usage status (9a), and the selection and (9c) of the selection or assignment of cars waiting car based on the result, and also stops the call to the presence of the stand call operation.


The State Historical Society of Wisconsin's River Falls Research Center has acquired the records of the Sierra Club Upper Mississippi Task Force, 1969-76, including correspondence, subject files, and clippings. The task force was organized by local Sierra Club chapters to address federal legislation (HR 10529) establishing a Mississippi River recreational area. Also included are materials on the St. Croix River and other Mississippi River environmental issues. The Wisconsin society's Stout Research Center has accessioned the papers of Walter Ingram for 1902-76, including materials on the Rice Lake Lumber Company and the lumber industry in general.


In this paper, a general parallel flow shops problem with the objective of minimizing total earliness and tardiness has been addressed. In view of the intractable nature of the problem, a Genetic Algorithms (GAs) based approach is proposed to solve the problem. This algorithm has been tested on some randomly generated test problems. Computational results show the proposed approach is quite heartening.


Regular mammographic screening is performed to detect breast cancer in the early, treatable stage. In a retrospective analysis of records from seven


A low percentage of cyclic oligomers can be found in poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) from its synthesis onward. In this article, a cyclic-oligomer-fr ee PET (COFP) obtained by solvent extraction was used to study the thermodynamics of the re-formation of cyclics from the melt. The cyclic-oligomer content re-increased into molten COFP, finally reaching an equilibrium. An analysis of the fraction of the re-formed cyclic oligomers showed that a majority of cyclic trimer (60-70%) was found at the equilibrium Before the establishment of the equilibrium, an unusual behavior was observed in the relative proportion of cyclic trimer and tetramer during the first steps of their formation that was probably due to a competition between kinetic and thermodynamic products. (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


In Taiwan, it is common for adult children to live apart from their elderly parents. How to improve the interactions between the elderly and their family members, to help the elderly relieve their loneliness, and to make them feel cared for and valued is the core purpose of the prototype concept developed in this study. This study proposes a prototype product, MoreTime Smart Blanket, a somatosensory device with pressure and temperature feedback through the Internet of Things (IoT). Via the "TV", which is the most frequently accessed by the elderly, the video communication allows the remote family members to make kneading gestures according to the interactive game content to trigger the tactile feedback device on the elderly side. The force will also be transmitted to the elderly's Smart Blanket to help the elderly massage. Finally, this study utilizes the Kano Model to evaluate whether users need such functions and service design.


In the last decade, information technologies have been developing dramatically, and therefore data harvested via the Internet is growing rapidly. This technological change has a negative impact on privacy due to the sensitivity of the data collected and shared without convenient control or monitoring. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the European Union has been in effect for more than three years, limiting how organizations collect, manage, and handle personal data. The GDPR poses both new challenges and opportunities for technological institutions. In this work, we address various aspects of privacy and propose approaches that can overcome some challenges of the GDPR. We focus on improving two currently adopted approaches to leverage them to enforce some of the GDPR's requirements by design.Thefirst part of this work is devoted to developing an access control model to effectively capture the nature of information accessed and shared in online social networks (OSNs). They might raise serious problems in what concerns users' privacy. One privacy risk is caused by accessing and sharing co-owned data items, i.e., when a user posts a data item that involves other users, some users' privacy might be disclosed. Another risk is caused by the privacy settings offered by OSNs that do not, in general, allow fine-grained enforcement. We propose a collaborative access control framework to deal with such privacy issues. We also present a proof-of-concept implementation of our approach. In the second part of the thesis, we adopt Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) as a convenient representation to integrate privacy engineering activities into software design. DFDs are inadequate as a modeling tool for privacy, and there is a need to evolve them to be a privacy-aware approach. The first privacy-related that we solve is automatically inserting privacy during design. DFDs have a hierarchical structure, we propose a refinement framework DFDs preserves structural and functional properties and the underlying we modeling in DFDs, defining a or inferred. We provide proof-of-concept tools for all the proposed frameworks and evaluate them through case studies. aim in this to provide a framework that empowers OSNs' users to collectively manage viewing and sharing their co-owned data items. As conflict-ing policies are commonly raised in multiple ownership privacy protection mechanisms, we proposed Viewing and Sharing aggregation-based algorithms which make a decision by solving potential between the different privacy settings of all the concerned users. This is by into the aspects: we develop incorporated fulfills practice Obtaining We (DSL) and and


Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/ CT) is a scanning technique that combines the advantages of two different scanning modalities and provides both anatomic and functional information. PET/CT using 18F-deoxyglucose (FDG) is generally employed for the diagnosis and staging of malignancy. The use of PET/CT as an evaluation tool has increased rapidly, not only for diagnosis but also for monitoring therapeutic effects, detecting local recurrence, and screening (1). Therefore, incidental thyroid lesions with focal and diffuse FDG uptake are frequently detected in patients undergoing PET/CT (1). Lee et al. (2) reported that the frequency of finding incidental thyroid lesions with PET/CT in patients with non-thyroidal cancer was 8.4% (226/2703). Normal thyroid glands are typically not envisioned in a whole body PET scan because of the very low-grade FDG uptake. Hence, focally increased FDG uptake in the thyroid typically suggests malignancy. According to Bae et al. (1), both malignant and benign thyroid lesions can show focal and diffuse FDG uptake. Furthermore, lesions with increased FDG uptake in the neck are common. When lesions having increased FDG uptake are detected in a patient with underlying cancer, a malignancy, such as metastasis, is strongly suspected. However, these lesions do not always indicate malignancy. Numerous causes of false positives in PET/CT interpretation have been reported, such as physiologic uptake, increased FDG uptake by Benign Thyroid and Neck Lesions Mimicking Malignancy with False Positive Findings on Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography 양전자 방출 컴퓨터단층촬영(Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography)에서 위양성을 보이는 양성 갑상선 및 경부 병변


Communications and navigation satellites may be used as the transmitter sources for bistatic scattering measurements of the Earth's surface. In specific, the GPS satellite constellation is of great interest as these satellites provide multiple incidence angles and operate at L-band frequencies appropriate for remote sensing of soil moisture and ocean surfaces. Inherent in GPS signal is a pseudo noise phase modulation used for ranging and source identification. The ranging capability of GPS signal allows for the implementation of multistatic radar system in a rather straightforward manner. Using a sensitive receiver with a narrow beam that is directed at the ground on an airborne platform, the bistatic signals reflected from the surface can be range gates and measured from which the bistatic scattering coefficients can be retrieved. To examine the feasibility of such multistatic radar measurement of surfaces a sensitivity analysis on system parameters such as receiver, bandwidth, noise figures, antenna beamwidth, orientation, and altitude, as well as bistatic scattering properties of rough surfaces, is carried out in this paper. Rough surface bistatic calculations are performed using a Monte Carlo simulation of rough surfaces of known surface statistics in conjunction with an iterative physical optics approach. It is shown that the signal strength at the receiver is independent of antenna beamwidth (for narrow-beam antennas) and height above the ground and is proportional to the bistatic scattering coefficient of the surface and square of the wavelength.


It is predicted that the single biggest influence on global economy in this century would be global warming and the accompanied anthropogenic influence on climate patterns. The forecast is the result of two major revelations over the last 30 years—identification of an expanding ozone hole over Antarctica and the rise in average global temperature. The problem with ozone hole has been sufficiently addressed with the phasing out of chlorofluorocarbon by all countries. However, the influence of human activities on global warming is still being debated upon. The past 3 years have witnessed several momentous events, which have attempted to address the sudden change in climate patterns. However, an acknowledgement and a firm consensus on future actions to curtail carbon dioxide emissions have not been uniform across developed and developing countries. The United States and Australia, for example, have claimed that curtailing its domestic emission severely hampers their economy, and have initiated emission trading with developing nations. On the other hand, countries that have pledged emission amount under Kyoto protocol are also not likely to realize their levels of emission reduction till 2012. Developed nations are also exploring futuristic clean technologies like Integrated Gasification Combustion Cycle and clean coal technologies to tackle emission. This has been looked down upon by several quarters as procrastination mechanism.


Recent results on $W$, $Z$ and photon production at the Large Hadron Collider are presented. Inclusive $W$ and $Z$/$\gamma^*$ production, their production in association with jets and heavy flavors, and prompt photon, $\gamma\gamma$ and $\gamma$+jets production are discussed.


Selected lanthanocene anions M(C8H8)2- (M = Ce, Nd, Tb, Yb) and their neutral counterparts have been investigated with large-scale complete-active-space self-consistent field calculations followed ...


The paper examines the importance of including specialty and ethnic food stores in defining and identifying food deserts in a multi-ethnic suburban neighborhood. The paper uses an in-store food availability survey and GIS techniques to test the hypothesis that the availability of healthy and affordable food options will be considerably under-reported when not accounting for ethnic and specialty food stores in food desert analysis. Although a relatively large portion of the study area remains a food desert, ethnic and specialty food stores significantly offset the lack of supermarkets and grocery stores in providing healthy and affordable food options.


Small bowel injuries can be very difficult to diagnose because the actual studies have limitations. Abdominal Plain radiographs have very low sensitivity, and have high false negatives, so it's not the ideal study to diagnose small bowel injuries. The Palabras clave: Lesiones, intestino delgado, trauma contuso, abdomen, diagnostico.


Running the country in law is closely related to the leadership of the party.Persistence in the leadership of the party is the basic guarantee to running the country in law and constructing the socialist country;running the country in law is ,in return,helpful to the persistence in and improvement of the leadership of the Party.Running the country in law is the perfection and development of the leadership and ruling,and is of profound effect on the construction of China's socialism.


Electrocardiography (ECG) is an interpretation of the electrical activity of the heart over time captured and externally recorded by electrodes. An effective approach to speed up this and other biomedical operations is to integrate a very high number of processing elements in a single chip so that the massive scale of fine-grain parallelism inherent in several biomedical applications can be exploited efficiently. In this paper, we exploit parallel processing techniques to process electrocardiography computation kernels in parallel. We present an efficient ECG analysis algorithm based on Period-Peak Detection (PPD) approach. The system is implemented in a multicore System-on-Chip. System architecture and evaluation results are given in detail.


Let X be a one-dimensional diffusion with a constant diffusion coefficient. Suppose that we observe X in additive white noise. Bene[sbreve] showed that the conditional density of X(t) given the noisy observations up to time t can be computed explicitly by a stochastic system with a finite-dimensional state space if the drift of X is a differentiable, everywhere defined solution of a one dimensional Ricatti equation with a quadratic potential. Suppose now that the drift satisfies the same Ricatti equation, but only on a bounded or semi-bounded interval I at the endpoints of which it becomes singular. In this caseX will have entrance boundaries at the finite endpoints of I We show that unnormalized conditional estimates will no longer be finite-dimensionally computable in this situation. Our proof uses the following principle, which is of independent interest: the property of finite dimensional computability of a statistic is invariant under the application of the Markov semigroup of X


We introduce a new noncooperative eigencoding algorithm for MIMO ad hoc networks. The algorithm performs generalized waterfilling with respect to its transmit covariance matrix and the receiving node covariance matrix, both of which can be estimated locally. The algorithm is first developed for narrow band MIMO networks, and then extended to frequency selective fading applications. A cooperative algorithm is also developed as a benchmark in simulations. Simulation results show that our noncooperative algorithm performance is close to that of the cooperative method and is much better than greedy optimization.


7530 Background: S-1 is an oral fluorinated pyrimidine formulation that combines tegafur (FT), 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine (CDHP), and potassium oxonate in a molar ratio of 1:0.4:1. Phase II stu...


The aim of this study are: 1) To develop Kamishibai as learning media for storytelling narrative, and 2) to know the eligibility product of Kamishibai as learning media for storytelling narrative. Research and development is used as the research method. This research took place at MTs Al-Jami'yatulWashliyahTembung. The product has validated by experts validation. The instrument for collecting data by using questionnaires with Rating scale 1-5. The data was analyzed based on expert validation to revise the product. The results shows that: 1)the display of media with the average 89,09 (Very good), 2)operation media with the average 85 (very good), 3) interaction when using media with the average 88 (very good), 4) story paper card material with the average 89 (very good). The overall rating is 87,77 (very good). The results of students' validation are nine from nine respondents answer yes for three aspects that is about the attractiveness, the level of difficulty, and the benefit. Therefore, the product of kamishibai media is appropriate to use as learning media in teaching learning English process.


Abstract In recent years there has been an advent of quanto options in energy markets. The structure of the payoff is rather a different type from other markets since it is written as a product of an underlying energy index and a measure of temperature. In the Heath-Jarrow-Morton (HJM) framework, by adopting the futures energy dynamics and model with stochastic volatility, we use the Malliavin calculus to derive the energy delta, temperature delta and cross-gamma formulae. The results reveal that these quantities are expressed in terms of expectations of the payoff and a random variable only depending on the underlying dynamics. This work can be viewed as a generalization of the work done, for example, by Benth et al. (2015).


T he fact that talent, in the sense of an innate but cultivable ability, 1l derives from Matthew's parable of the talents (25:14-30), makes this parable a privileged text for the study of religion and the arts. There is no doubt that the parable itself, unlike the single talent on which it focuses, has been put to "use," inspiring works that allude to it, and influencing, in a broad sense, how we regard energetic, artistic individuality. There is doubt, however, about what history of thought concerning individual . talent lies behind the parable-whether an ur-text referred to a more general question of individual ability or simply to a different, but still communal question of "use." To honor the priority of importance that the parable itself gives to interest over principal, I propose to give priority of place to a contemporary poem that makes fine use of the parable. We can then turn back to Matthew and to the vexed question of the way he turned back to, or just turned (skewed), what Jesus threw on the table.


Ian Bannon and Paul Collier are established scholars in this field, and Natural Resources and Violent Conflict : options and actions extends their previous contributions on the link between resource dependence and conflict. The difference between this study and many previous works is the focus on recommendations for action. As Bannon explains in the Preface (p. x) : 'While there is much that individual developing countries can do to reduce the risk of conflict – by addressing genuine grievances in their societies, adopting economic and social policies that are more inclusive, and improving transparency and accountability – there is also a need to articulate a convincing and practical agenda for global action. ' Commissioned by the World Bank's Governance and Natural Resources Project, the volume consists of eight chapters. The first, 'Natural resources and conflict : what we can do', by the two editors, reviews the results of the work by Paul Collier and Anke Hoeffler in recent years on the link between natural resources and conflict, and concludes with a call for global action. This, the authors maintain, should consist in successful development (' the best protection against civil war ', p. 8), and improved governance of natural resources. The subsequent chapters seek practical responses for global action in five areas :


Mahler's conjecture predicts a sharp lower bound on the volume of the polar of a convex body in terms of its volume. We confirm the conjecture for convex bodies with many hyperplane symmetries in the following sense: their hyperplanes of symmetries have a one-point intersection. Moreover, we obtain improved sharp lower bounds for classes of convex bodies which are invariant by certain reflection groups, namely direct products of the isometry groups of regular polytopes.


Subject. This article deals with the issues of documenting the business operation items related to the recognition, revaluation and write-down of intangible assets.
Objectives. The article aims to investigate and systematize the provisions that reveal the features of documenting transactions for the acquisition, creation, revaluation and write-down of intangible assets, as well as reveal the content and composition of the details of primary documents on the revaluation of intangible assets.
Methods. For the study, we used the information retrieval, consolidation, and event modeling techniques.
Results. The article proposes an author-developed primary document form for practical application, which records the results of the revaluation of intangible assets. The information contained in this document may serve as the basis for regulating the valuation of intangible assets by reflecting transactions for their revaluation and (or) write-down on accounts in accordance with the rules established by accounting standards. The versatility of the proposed document form makes it possible to use it in relation to the primary accounting of the results of the revaluation of fixed assets and other non-current assets.
Conclusions. The quality of decisions made in the management system of the organization depends both on the professionalism of the managers and on the discipline of the performers who form the information base for decision-making and the subsequent reflection of the results of the accounting events in the reporting. Structuring the composition of the elements and their content contribute to improving the quality of not primary documents only, but also the entire system of accounting and analytical support for management and reducing the threat to economic security when performing transactions with intangible assets.


Buckling at a distinct bifurcation point is more often than not symmetric, in the sense that equal and opposite amplitudes of the single buckling mode give identical physical shapes and hence energy levels. It is also commonly the case that combinations of modes break such symmetries, so that when critical loads are close (and sometimes when they are not), the preferred buckling involves a strong interaction between more than one mode. A single cubic cross-term of potential energy, readily identifiable from certain symmetry tests, then dominates the early (unstable) post-buckling, which later may be restabilized by positive quartic terms. In such instances the equilibrium paths over large deflections frequently exhibit a specific looping form, with an accompanying remote bifurcation, which was first predicted from a specialized application of the theorems underlying catastrophe theory. A number of well-known, and quite different, structural examples are given. A simple spring and link model due to Budiansky and Hutchinson, with a close similarity to the well-known Shanley model, shows that the latter can be interpreted in this manner, despite its being a problem of plastic bifurcation. Interactive buckling in sandwich panels, and in the long axially-loaded cylinder, provide two practical examples, others also being identified. A pilot scheme of perturbation analysis specifically designed to handle such problems is described, and used with considerable accuracy on the two link models, as demonstrated by comparison with exact solutions.


In recent years, nuclear data have been needed in the medical field. Nuclear data induced by light heavy ions are especially needed at high precision for cancer treatment, although there are not enough usable data at present.We have a plan to measure light heavy‐ion nuclear data with a dE‐E detector. Low density is needed for the dE detector. We have two options for the dE detector: a semiconductor detector (SSD) and a Gas Counter. On one hand, SSD has good energy resolution, but on the other hand, it is expensive and its decay time is on the 100‐microsecond order. A Gas Counter is inexpensive, and a Gas Proportional Scintillation Counter (GPSC) has fast decay time. Then, we developed a GPSC for the dE detector, and its evaluation experiment was carried out at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC).We will report the results of the experiment with the performance of the GPSC.


In this paper, we prepared Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) based dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Downscaling of commercial TiO2 powder have been achieved by systematic ball milling carried out using home-made ball milling device. Thin films were prepared and samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-Vis and I-V. The main objective of this work is to prepare TiO2 based (DSSC) using N3 dye and study the effect of the TiO2 grain size inside the photoanode layer on the efficiency of the solar cell. UV-vis study of nanometer sized TiO2 particles showed that the energy gab has shifted towards the lower wavelength in electromagnetic spectrum (blue shift), and then optical band gap is an indirect and allowed transition. Energy gap calculations of related grain size of showed quantum confinement effect. A sophisticated strategy for TiO2 films consisting of tailoring monolayer, bilayer and trilayer of mixed multisized nanoparticles were adopted and investigated as DSSC electrodes. Our results showed that the dye sensitized solar cells can be substantially altered due to the designs and the particle size distributions of the TiO2 photoelectrode. The maximum efficiency of 0.5% was reached by TiO2 photoelectrode designed as a trilayer with a particles of wide size distribution from about 12 to 340 nm in the middle layer. The approach of light scattering in submicrometer‐sized TiO2 nanoparticles aggregates was adopted in order to interpret the enhancement of our DSSC efficiency over extending the length transported by electromagnetic wave hence to promote the light acquiring efficiency of photoelectrode thin film. The relatively larger particle sizes afford the TiO2 films with both better packing and an increased capability for scattering of the incident electromagnetic wave, and hence improves our DSSC efficiency.


During the time before Lolita was formally published in USA,and shortly after its publication,a fierce debate,in terms of culture,was on over the book-whether it was obscene or not.Based on this event,this thesis mainly investigates the significance of Nabokov's explanation of Lolita's origin,and of the argument launched by the author and some other scholars over the relationship between classic literature and pornographic writings.This thesis intends to reveal the relationship between the sense of morality and the restrictions in cultural acceptiveness,as well as the significance of such a relationship on the author and the publication of a literary work.This paper also holds that Nabokov had made a significant contribution to the American cultural production,in that the birth of his Lolita and his arguments over it had relatively widened the acceptable border of American culture against the sense of social morality.


Objective To investigate the blood glucose control level and the characteristics of treatment regimens and symptomatic hypoglycemia in senile type 2 diabetic patients receiving insulin therapy.Methods From Aug 2010 to Jul 2011,the gender,age,height,weight,disease course and underlying diseases of 56 type 2 diabetes patients who aged 80 years and over and used insulin were recorded.The level of glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),fasting C-peptide(FC-P)and 2 hours postprandial C-peptide(2 h C-P),urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER)and endogenous creatinine clearance rate(Ccr)were measured.The complications of type 2 diabetes were evaluated.The patients were requested to measure the finger stick glucoses and record them if any symptoms occurred that might have been related to hypoglycemia.Results There were 23 patients(41.1%)in symptomatic hypoglycemia group,whose course was longer than those in non-symptomatic hypoglycemia group,the insulin dosages and the proportion of the patients who took insulin in preprandial and basal regimen were higher than those in non-symptomatic hypoglycemia group.The mean blood glucose of severe hypoglycemia group was lower than that of the slight symptomatic hypoglycemia group.In senile patients with type 2 diabetes who used insulin,insulin dosages [OR(95% CI)=1.160(1.061-1.223),P=0.015],receiving preprandial and basal insulin regimen [OR(95% CI)=4.040(1.025-15.917),P=0.046]were related to the incidence of symptomatic hypoglycemia.Conclusions Senile type 2 diabetic patients receiving insulin regimens are in high risk of hypoglycemia,thus the characteristics of the elderly should be in considering when thinking of the treatment regimen of choice and the glucose level of control,while hypoglycemia events should be paid more attention.


This paper is concerned with the distributed fusion filtering problem for multi-sensor linear discrete-time stochastic systems with one-step random sensor delay, packet dropout and uncertain observation. Three kinds of uncertain phenomena in measurement data are described by three Bernoulli distributed random variables. Based on the innovation approach, the local optimal linear filter, predictor and smoother are given. Further, the distributed suboptimal fusion estimators are given by the covariance intersection fusion algorithm. The computational cost is reduced since the cross-covariance matrix between any two local filters is avoided. Simulation research verifies the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


Robustness and capability are critical issues for the industrial application of any novel electrostatic process. The aim of the present work is double: - show how experimental design methodology can contribute to assessing the robustness of a given tribo-aerodynamic charging process; - validate a procedure for evaluating the capability of two tribo-aerodynamic chargers, with respect to the specific requirements of electrostatic separation applications. The results of three fractional factorial experimental designs performed on starch and flour powders, in two devices similar to the tribo-guns employed for electrostatic powder coating, demonstrate that the tribo-aerodynamic charging is robust with respect to the three main control variables of the process: the injection and vortex pressures of the air in the pneumatic circuit, and the material feed-rate. The capability indexes computed for both the straight-type and spiral-type tribo charges were satisfactory.


Stock portfolio optimization is always an attractive research topic because of the variety of financial markers. In the past decade, lots of approaches have been proposed to deal with the problem. Previously, an algorithm was also designed for the group stock portfolio optimization problem. In that approach, portfolio satisfaction and group balance are utilized to evaluate the goodness of possible solutions. However, there is trade-off between those factors. In this paper, we thus design an approach for finding group stock group portfolios using the multi-objective genetic algorithm. Two objective functions, Sharpe ratio and group balance, are employed to derive possible Pareto solutions. Experiments on a real dataset were conducted to verity the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


An analysis of a GaAs/AlGaAs electrooptic intensity modulator is carried out by using the finite element method. The microwave properties, e.g., the effective index, the characteristic impedance, and the frequency dependent attenuations are calculated using quasi-TEM analysis. The 3-dB optical bandwidth is estimated and it is shown that microwave losses in the dielectric material is an important factor in determining the bandwidth of the modulator. Next, to carry out the optical analysis, electrooptic effect is considered and optical mode fields and half-wavelength voltage length product is calculated using a vectorial finite element method. The results are compared with the published results and very good agreements have been found.


The aim of the article is to present the theoretical basis of factors determining the innovativeness of economies and to recall some indicators defining the current level of innovation of the Polish economy in relation to analogous indicators in selected European Union countries.


A proximity estimation algorithm is proposed to measure distances between a transceiver and a receiver for location-based services in indoor environments. To improve the measurement accuracy, proximity is estimated using the propagation delay caused by the round-trip travel of the signal. Moreover, to reduce power consumption, frequency downconversion with a mixer is adopted to use frequencies below the gigahertz range. Being a low-power design, the proposed architecture is suitable for mobile devices such as wearable and internet-of-things products. In addition, the implementation of this algorithm on Wi-Fi-equipped devices does not need development of special schematics, since it is based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, it could be made with usual Wi-Fi quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)-modulators. The accuracy enhancement of the proposed estimation was verified in comparison with the conventional algorithms by means of simulation.


The Belousov-Zhabotinskii system measured by a Pt electrode is investigated under external electrode current constraint. A dynamical analysis of the electrode reaction phase has been made by means of a linearized stability criterion valid for three-variable system. It turns out that limit cycle oscillatory regime and dynamical behaviors of the electrode reaction phase have been degenerated under periodical electrode current.


Abstract In this paper a simple dead-beat control of an electromagnetic servo is proposed. An electromagnetic servo is identified as a third-order linear continuous-time plant. A method of a dead-beat control of its discrete equivalent is proposed. As a control algorithm a variable- fractional-order backward difference is applied.


Amorphous alloys are usually multicomponent systems with high glass-forming ability. The binary magnetic amorphous alloys consisting of one magnetic compound and the other non-magnetic are the simplest system. The amorphous alloys do not exhibit long-range order of atoms and only topological and chemical short-range order exists in them [1]. The preparation of amorphous metal–metalloid ribbons requires high-quenching rates (104–106 K/s), which causes instability of quenching process and in turn, leads to the compositional and topological inhomogeneities of the amorphous alloys. The amorphous state is thermodynamically instable and through several metastable states tends to the crystalline one. The crystallization process may occur even at relatively low temperature. This process depends on annealing conditions and the chemical composition of alloys, and may take place in one or several stages [2]. Mössbauer spectroscopy may be used to determine the Fe environments characterizing microstructure and magnetic evolution of both amorphous and crystalline phases. The Mössbauer spectra of partially crystallized alloys are more complex than those of fully amorphous materials. In the crystalline or partially crystallized alloys, Mössbauer spectroscopy is usually used for identifi cation of crystalline phases [3]. In the case of non-magnetic phases occurring in the alloys, the complementary techniques such as X-ray diffractometry or/and transmission electron microscopy have to be applied. Hyperfi ne interaction and some thermomagnetic properties of amorphous and partially crystallized Fe70−xMxMo5Cr4Nb6B15 (M = Co or Ni, x = 0 or 10) alloys Jakub Rzącki, Jan Świerczek, Mariusz Hasiak, Jacek Olszewski, Józef Zbroszczyk, Wanda Ciurzyńska


Given a planar undirected n-vertex graph G with non-negative edge weights, we show how to compute, for given vertices s and t in G, a min st-cut in G in O(n loglog n) time and O(n) space. The previous best time bound was O(n log n).


Regular LDPC codes are a special class of low-density codes having an equal number of ones in each row and column of the parity check matrix describing the linear code. The uniform structure of regular LDPC codes allows a practical hardware implementation which can efficiently utilize the inherent parallelism of the message passing algorithm (MPA) commonly used to decode low-density codes. The class of {3,6} LDPC codes has been extensively studied and they have been proven to provide very good error performance, especially at lower SNR. {4,8} codes have not been analyzed nearly as much in the literature, mainly because their 'threshold,' the SNR where the waterfall region of the error performance curve begins, is typically a quarter of a dB or so worse than for comparable-length {3,6} codes. It has been proposed that {4,8} codes have better high SNR behavior, but until recently it was not possible to verify this conjecture. A new technique which can efficiently find error floors of LDPC codes now has the ability to illuminate just how good {4,8} codes are in the high SNR region-a result which is of great interest for many practical applications. This paper will analyze the error floor characteristics of some {4,8} codes and provide a simple algorithm for designing {4,8} codes with low error floors. A newly-designed rate-1/2 (1200,600) {4,8} code with a vastly superior error floor compared to codes of similar parameters is introduced


Objective
To investigate the value of different biopsy methods for quality evaluation of the donated kidney organ after citizen death.

Methods
Six cases (6 pairs) of discard donor kidneys were collected from October 2016 to May 2017, respectively, and grouped by wedge biopsy and core needle biopsy. After being fixed and processed for routine paraffin embedding and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, the specimens were evaluated by the qualified rate of sample, the number of glomerulus, sclerotic glomerulus and small arteries.

Results
The comparison of two different biopsy methods showed that the number of samples obtained by wedge biopsy was 30. There were 29 samples which were qualified and the qualification rate was 96.7%. The number of samples obtained by core needle biopsy was 30, and only 21 samples were qualified and the qualification rate was 70%. In the wedge biopsy samples, the average number of glomeruli was 22.1 and 6.9 of them were sclerotic glomeruli. The ratio of sclerotic glomeruli was 31.3%. The average number of glomeruli in core needle biopsy samples was 9.5 and 2.1 of them were sclerotic glomeruli. The ratio of sclerotic glomeruli was 22.1%. The average number of arteries in wedge biopsy samples was 5.4, and that in core needle biopsy samples was 3.9. The results indicated that the qualification rate of wedge biopsy was significantly higher than that of core needle biopsy (P<0.01). The number of glomeruli, sclerotic glomeruli and small arteries in wedge biopsy samples was significantly greater than than in core needle biopsy (P<0.05).

Conclusion
Wedge biopsy was superior to core needle biopsy for the quality evaluation of specimens and identifying clinically significantly histopathological findings. Thus it is potential for wedge biopsy to become the main method in pre-implantation histopathological evaluation.

Key words:
Kidney transplantation; Histopathological; Renal biopsy


1. Annual Report of the Director, Technological Laboratory, for the year ending 31 May, 1952. Published by the Indian Central Cotton Committee, Bombay (1952). 2. Balls, W. L., A Method for Measuring Length of Cotton Hairs, Macmillan & Co. Ltd., London (1921). 3. Chakrabarti, B. K., TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL 26, 17 (1956). 4. Turner, A. J., "Technological Reports on Standard Indian Cottons, 1923-26," Technological Bulletin, Series A, No. 3 (1927) or Technological Bulletin, Series A, No. 88 (1955).


Quite often when building web applications that use either the SAS Stored Process Server or the SAS/IntrNet Applications Dispatcher it is necessary to create a custom user interface to prompt for the needed parameters. Generating a custom user interface can be accomplished by chaining, for example, two or more stored processes together. The first stored process generates the user interface where the user selects the desired options and can use PROC STREAM to process an input SAS Server Page to display the user interface. The second (or later) stored process in the chain generates the desired output. This paper will describe and show several examples similar to those shown in the SAS Press book SAS Server Pages: Generating Dynamic Contact and on Don Henderson's blog Jurassic SAS® in the BI/EBI World".


Pediculosis capitis is an infection with a fairly high incidence in children. Plants that contain eugenol, as frangipani (Michelia champaca L.), ceylon ironwood (Mesua ferrea L.), cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii), and sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) have potential as an alternative pediculicide. This study aimed to compare the effect of traditional formulation of each plant with in vitro assay. The effectiveness of in vitro pediculicide was assessed from the post- immersion mortality time of the traditional formulation, permethrin 1% as the positive control and coconut oil as the negative control. The mechanism was observed using histopathological observation. The percentage of mortality time of lice was analyzed using One-Way ANOVA of SPSS 16. Histopathological aspects and infestation decrease were presented descriptively. This study took place for about 3 months and was conducted in Mataram University, West Nusa Tenggara. The results showed that frangipani leaves had the optimum pediculicide effect because the highest efficacy demonstrated by frangipani leaves formulation revealed the effect lower than permethrin 1% (LT: 350 minutes). In observation of histopathology, frangipani leaves formulation indicated the presence of anoxia similar to permethrin 1%.


Electron stimulated desorption, Auger line shape analysis, and electron loss spectroscopy measurements are reported for the electron activated stepwise oxidation and nitridation of the Si(111) surface. In ESD it is found that appreciable levels of surface hydrogen can be present which can lead to hydroxyl formation upon oxidation. The hydroxyl rich films are unstable in an electron beam, while surfaces oxidized with activated oxygen, where no OH is formed, are much more stable. The nitrided films are always stable in the electron beam even though there too hydrogen is always found. On the OH‐free oxide, ESD shows two chemically distinct O species, one thought to be SiO2 and the other adsorbed O2 or a chemical intermediate. The Si(L23VV) Auger spectra for both the oxide and nitride are treated by background subtraction, integration, deconvolution, and subtraction of the elemental part of the spectrum, as a function of reaction time over a well controlled series of reaction steps. The Auger spectra for both...


Lillie Langtry - 'Jersey Lillie' - born, a provincial in 1853, was catapulted by her beauty into the highest society London had to offer. Surrounded by scandal, luxary and gossip, she bacame the mistress of the Prince of Wales, the goddess of Bohemia and the protegee of Oscar Wilde. After four years, she disappeared, bankcrupt, and pregnant with an illegitimate child. When she resurfaced, guided by Wilde, it was with the masks of several new and invented selves for protection. This book attempts to unravel her complex fictions about herself, to find the person behind the actress, gambler and iconoclast that she then became. At its centre are the previously unpublished letters which she wrote to her childhood friend and secret lover, Arthur Jones, during her period of crisis and collapse. Despairing, fervent and pathetically dependent, these letters reveal a passionate woman for whom the usual charges of coldness and opportunism are by no means the whole story. She died, broken in spirit but world-famous and a millionaire, in 1929. Laura Beatty captures exactly the spirit of the age, and lifts the masks to reveal the real Lillie.


Ethnic diversity has been posed as a threat to social capital, but results from existing research are inconclusive. This study takes as its starting point that different aspects of social capital may be influenced differently by ethnic diversity and uses one specific welfare state context – Norway – to explore such variations. Analysing an original dataset, nine different measures are used to explore three dimensions of social capital in 61 communities in Norway, amongst the majority population and residents with immigrant background. The results suggest, first, a differentiated impact of ethnic heterogeneity on trust. Ethnic diversity is negatively associated with spatially bounded forms of trust, but not with generalized trust. Second, a negative association with traditional forms of voluntarism is found – albeit this latter relationship is much weaker than the former. Third, the results suggest that these relationships are fairly similar across different (immigrant) groups. Although residents with immigrant background typically express lower levels of generalized trust than the majority population, the relative differences between residents living in diverse or homogeneous communities are limited. Given its strong institutions Norway could be seen as a least likely case for studying the impact of ethnic diversity on social capital. On the one hand, effects are more limited than what has been found in studies from the United States. On the other hand, the fact that effects are found on community trust and volunteering indicates that this type of societal model can indeed be affected by ethnic diversification.


Let G be a simple connected graph. The Gutman index S(G )i s def ined as S(G )= u,v∈V (G) dG(u)dG(v)d( uv )


An ordinary soap bubble immersed in a pure carbon-dioxide atmosphere, created e.g. by sublimating chunks of dry ice (solid CO2), will expand within a few minutes to a volume exceeding the original one with a factor of almost ten. Considering that the bubble simultaneously experiences a cooling of ∼30 ∘ C one would perhaps expect a tiny shrinkage instead. The physics behind the phenomenon, i.e. diffusion of highly soluble CO2 through the soap film caused by the difference in the partial pressure of CO2 between the interior and the exterior of the bubble, combined with the expansion of the active area of the bubble, is discussed. Actual data obtained from a video of an expanding bubble is combined with the simulation of the process, resulting in a fairly good agreement. The reverse experiment of a bubble filled with CO2 under ambient conditions leads to a fast shrinkage of the bubble. Finally, a bubble filled with helium placed in a CO2 atmosphere expands initially, reaches a maximum volume and then begins to shrink. Also this case was modeled semi-empirically. The experiments presented are suitable for upper-secondary-school pupils. Understanding the theoretical description requires first year university studies of physics or chemistry.


This paper proposes a model of user's preference for retrieving preferred clothes. This paper has designed a decision process of user's preference. This paper has made the user's preference model based on indexes calculated in each step in the process. The process has three steps, i.e. Attention, Evaluation and Decision step. The attention step is that a user pays attention to principal features of clothes that is the features related to his/her interest. The attention step detects the principal features by the rough set and calculating Attention index. The attention index indicates the degree of user's positive (or negative) attention to the principal features. The evaluation step is that a user evaluates interest concerning the principal features. The evaluation step estimates the preferred degree of the principal features of a user by Evaluation index. The evaluation index is calculated by unifying the attention indexes of positive and of negative. The decision step is that a user decides his/her preference for clothes by using his/her evaluation. The decision step estimates the user's preference by Preference index that totalizes the evaluation index of the user. This paper has evaluated the estimation ability of user's preference by the preference index. The result shows that the preference index could estimate the preferred feature. This paper also shows the result that has evaluated the recommendation of clothes by using the preferred feature to 9 users. The average of the rate of which the clothes that include the preferred features of the user have appeared in top 5 is 98 %.


Aerofoil is a design that offers a gold standard ratio between the coefficient of drag to the coefficient of lift. Aerofoil are the standard cross-sectional structure of the plane wing. In this paper, a famous aerofoil family which is acknowledged to be the Royal Aircraft Factory (RAF) is regarded with all the accessible aerofoil models in that family. The pinnacle 5 aerofoils are considered and inspected for all drift editions over the viewed models with various flow transforming from 400, 420, 440, 460, 480 and 500 knots. The current research is to determine the high-quality aerofoil sketch over their family, for the quality aerofoil format by using plan amendment, and the float variation is carried out by varying the angle of assault with 5 stages interval from 0-25 ranges and the pressure, velocity, turbulence length, temperature, Mach number and the pressure performing in x & y-direction are recorded. All these parameters in consideration determined the most fulfilling model for the RAF family.


Research purposes:The existing railway must be evaluated in survey for reinforcement after operation for years to meet the requirements of the speed-raise and electrification.As there is no mathematical statistics method for survey evaluation on the existing railway,the filling materials segment method,task segment method and enforcement segment method are used for the evalution of the existing railway section by section after comparing the mathematical statistics method in "Code for Design of Building Foundations" and "Standards for highway Engineering Quality Inspection and Evaluation". Research conclusions:The "Standards for highway Engineering Quality Inspection and Evaluation" is more suitable for survey evaluation of the existing railway.Taking the evaluation of dynamic deformation modulus as an example,combined with the related standard of the railway,the minimum Evd control standard is 40 MPa which don't need reinforcement.The road sections length that need reinforcement are reduced when using segment evaluation method,achieving good effect.According to the statistics data and segment results,the Evd value has a close relationship with filling type on the surface of roadbed.It is difficult to ensure large stiffness when using A and B types filling,so lime or cement improved soil should be used to get larger stiffness.


Abstract. We report on the characterization of metal-organic hybrid metamaterials for MEMS-based terahertz (THz) thermal sensors and on the characterization of refractive index of SU-8 in the THz band. This type of metamaterial, coupled with the applicability of SU-8 as a structural material, offers possibilities for quick, simple microfabrication of THz imagers. SU-8, a negative photoresist, is a low-cost material that can quickly be spun onto a substrate at a wide range of thicknesses, and then photolithographically patterned into a variety of structures. It is also transparent to THz radiation and thus a suitable choice for a dielectric spacer in metamaterials. We investigated metamaterials consisting of a 0.18 μm Al ground plane and 0.18-μm layer of patterned Al separated by a dielectric spacer of ∼0.5  μm of SU-8. Absorption close to 70% at around 6.1 THz was observed. A model was developed to simulate absorption spectra of several metamaterials, agreeing well with experiments. Matching simulation to measurements was used to determine the refractive index of SU-8 at THz frequencies, extending the known values from 0.1 to 1.6 THz to as far as 10 THz. Finally, Kirchoff's law for these metamaterials was verified and their use as THz emitters demonstrated with about 0.8  mW/cm2 output.


Objective:To compare the therapeutic effects on patients with Graves'disease between different modes of medication.Methods:20 patients with Graves'disease were divided into three groups for treatment:top application,oral administration and operation (Both the first and second group were treated with methimazole (MMI 40mg/d) and hydrocortison (HC 40mg/d) for at least 7 days before operation).The concentration of MMI and HC in the serum and thyroid of patients in the three groups was compared by HPLC.Results:The concentration of MMI and HC in the thyroid of the first group of patients was 1.17 and 2.64 times higher than that of the second group while the concentration of MMI and HC in the serum of the patients in the first group was obviously lower than that of the second group.The effects and side-effects were also compared.The effect of medication by top application was better,with fewer side effects,than that of the oral administration of drugs.Conclusion:External application of drugs is an ideal mode of drug administration for Graves' disease.


This paper deals with an issues related to quantifying the security dependability of an intrusion tolerant system,such as the state transition model of the SITAR system.A security intrusion and the response of an intrusion tolerant system to an attack is modeled as a stochastic process.By using the theory on the Markov chain,the steady-state availability of an intrusion tolerant system is computed.At last,the character of intrusion tolerant system is also discussed according to the model.


To the temperature's controlled characteristic in process of pipe production this paper provides the thought of improving the unidentifiable adaptive algorithm by adopting the fuzzy forecast control arithmetic. It provides the special methods of temperature curve control and designs the detailed data combined with practical application, solves the control problems of industrial process with time lag, uncertainty, strong inertia, etc. The physical running effect of system shows that the algorithm's adaptability and flexibility and effect are satisfactory.


Commercial loan valuations crucially depend on accurate loan income, but underwritten income on commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) loans is commonly overstated relative to actual property income. Consistent with these differences being originator-specific, income overstatement in CMBS 2.0 deals varies widely and persistently across originators, is priced by originators, is related across property types within an originator, is predictable ex ante, and is accompanied by inflation of past financials. Risk retention and associated regulation had no discernible effect on income overstatement. Originator income overstatement is highly predictive of pre- and COVID-period loan distress. Overall, recent market stresses reveal large systemic differences in underwriting standards across originators. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Finance published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Finance Association.


An analysis of the causes of and hydrodynamic condition for algae blooms breaking out in 1992, 1998, 2000, and 2003 in the Hanjiang River shows that the algae blooms are mainly caused by high contents of nitrogen and phosphorus and some other factors, such as the deterioration of water quality, water flow and meteorological characteristics. Based on the statistical analysis of water quality data of the middle and lower Hanjiang River in the recent 20 years, the current situation, characteristics, and trend of water pollution in these regions are studied, and the influence of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project on the water environment of the middle and lower Hanjiang River is predicted. Finally, some measures for protection of water environment and promotion of the sustainable utilization of water resources are put forward.


The differences in neuropsychological status of patients with alcoholism without psychotic symptoms and alcohol psychoses in the anamnesis were established. The study showed that neuropsychological deficits are more frequent and more expressed in patients with alcoholism with psychotic symptoms and alcohol psychoses in the anamnesis. The violation of the higher mental functions tends to increase depending on the duration of alcoholism and the number of transferred psychoses.


Abstract : The Campaign for Integrated Observations of Solar Flares (CINOF) was a period of extensive solar flare studies conducted 5-29 June 1972. During this period two discrete solar particle injections occurred, in addition to which significant modulations to the low energy solar particle background flux were present. This report contains fifteen individually authored papers presenting the x-ray, solar particle, and other related interplanetary and geophysical measurements obtained from 28 May - 30 June 1972. A final paper summarizes the particle measurements for the eleven particle enhancements identified during this period. (Author)


Ensuring well-being and preventing diseases are crucial for leading a fulfilling life. Biomarkers,
measurable indicators reflecting biological system interactions, play a significant role in assessing
health status.


The non-orthogonal IoT signal, following the bandwidth compression spectrally efficient frequency division multiplexing (SEFDM) characteristics, can bring benefits in enhanced massive device connections, signal coverage extension and data rate increase, but at the cost of computational complexity. Resource-constrained IoT devices have limited memory storage and complex signal processing is not allowed. Machine learning can simplify signal detection by training a general data-driven signal detection model. However, fully connected neural networks would introduce processing latency and extra power consumption. Therefore, the motivation of this work is to investigate different neural network compression schemes for system simplification. Three compression strategies are studied including topology compression, weight compression and quantization compression. These methods show efficient neural network compression with trade-offs between computational complexity and bit error rate (BER) performance. Practical neural network prototyping is evaluated as well on a software defined radio (SDR) platform. Results show that the practical weight compression neural network can achieve similar performance as the fully connected neural network but with great resource saving.


Storytelling is generally done by adults, for example teachers to students, older siblings to younger siblings, or parents to their children, either using books, pictures or other props. Lately there has been a rise in media or props designed using digital media. This media helps elementary school (SD) students who are starting to be fluent and interested in reading words or sentences in English, including students aged 10 years and over, especially in terms of fairy tales or storytelling. Digital storytelling, especially in the form of short personally-narrated stories first pioneered by the Center for Digital Storytelling in Berkeley in 1993, is a practice that has now expanded throughout English-speaking countries and Western Europe, and has a smaller but growing presence in the developing world (Davis & Foley, 2016). Through this digital media, students are facilitated in reading storytelling so that it is easier and makes it easier for teachers to assess students' reading abilities, especially in English, namely the pronunciation. Furthermore, this storytelling can be used easily by students through a digital application on a smartphone or computer or laptop as a medium of delivery, so that it becomes a Digital Storytelling (DST). Thus, students aged 10 and over can read and search for the stories they want, anytime and anywhere, especially via smartphones.


Objective To investigate the effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) preconditioning on liver injury in a rat model of traumatic shock.Methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats aged 3 months weighing 240-260 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =12 each): sham operation group (group S) ; group S + ω-3 PUFA; traumatic shock group (group TS) and group TS + ω-3 PUFA.In groups S + ω-3 PUFA and group TS + ω-3 PUFA,ω-3 PUFA 2 ml/kg was injected via the caudal vein at 12 and 2 h before induction of traumatic shock.In groups S and TS,normal saline was given instead of ω-3 PUFA.Traumatic shock was induced by fracture of femur and hemorrhage in groups TS and TS + ω-3 PUFA.The arterial blood samples were taken at 2 h after induction of traumatic shock for determination of serum activities of ALT,AST and concentrations of 8-iso-prostagiandin F2,(8-iso-PGF2α) and TNF-α.The liver was removed for determination of levels of SOD and MDA,glutathione (GSH)and microscopic examination.Results Compared with group S,the serum ALT,AST,8-iso-PGF2α and TNF-α levels and MDA content in the liver tissues and score of liver injury were significantly increased,but the liver tissues levels of SOD,GSH were decreased in groups TS and TS + ω-3 PUFA( P < 0.01 ).Compared with group TS,the serum ALT,AST,8-iso-PGF2α and TNF-α levels and MDA content in the liver tissues and score of liver injury were significantly decreased,but SOD activity and GSH content in the liver tissues were increased in group TS + ω-3 PUFA( P < 0.05 or 0.01 ).Conclusion ω-3 PUFA preconditioning can reduced liver injury in a rat model of traumatic shock through inhibiting lipid peroxidation and inflammatory reaction.

Key words:
fatty acids,unsaturated;  Ischemic preconditioning;  Shock, traumatic;  Liver injury


Using the Effelsberg radio telescope at 4.85GHz and 8.35 GHz we discovered large symmetric lobes of polarized radio emission around the strongly HI deficient Virgo cluster spiral galaxy NGC4569. These lobes extend up to 24 kpc from the galactic disk. Our observations were complemented by 1.4 GHz continuum emission from existing HI observations. This is the first time that such huge radio continuum lobes are observed in a cluster spiral galaxy. The eastern lobe seems detached and has a flat spectrum typical for in-situ cosmic ray electron acceleration. The western lobe is diffuse and possesses vertical magnetic fields over its whole volume. The lobes are not powered by an AGN, but probably by a nuclear starburst producing >10^5 supernovae which occurred ~30 Myr ago. Since the radio lobes are symmetric, they resist ram pressure due to the galaxy's rapid motion within the intracluster medium.


Abstract : The dimerization of thymine in DNA and in a rapidly frozen aqueous solution as a result of UV-irradiation has been confirmed by a great many research workers. The remarkable effect of neutral compounds on the amount of the dimerization in DNA has been investigated in more detail. The conclusions are in agreement with our hypothesis about the important effect of ordered water molecules around the nucleic acids. Orotic acid, another pyrimidine derivative, appears to show also a dimerization-reaction if an aqueous solution of this compound is irradiated by UV-light. This photochemical conversion occurs even in non-frozen aqueous solution. The irradiation product was isolated and purified. According to a rontgenographic investigation the di-orotic acid contains crystal water. In the work on the energy transfer we have found the first examples of an energy transfer in aqueous solution. All available evidence points to triplet-triplet transfer. (Author)


Amyloidosis (Am), a systemic disease, has poor prognosis because of organ damage produced by protein deposition in the extracellular space. Although heart transplantation (HTx) is possible, donor availability concerns and high mortality make this approach controversial. The Spanish Registry for Heart Transplantation includes 25 Am patients (54 ± 9 years): 13 with AL type, 2 with AA and 10 with TTR mutation. Fifteen patients (60%) died during follow‐up (4.9 ± 1.3 years): 9 AL‐Am patients, both AA‐Am patients and 4 with TTR‐Am. HTx survival for Am patients was similar to patients without Am at 1 month but significantly worse at 5 years: 46% versus 78% (p < 0.02). Of 10 AL‐Am patients undergoing successful HTx, 4 died of systemic Am. Stem cell transplantation was performed in 3 (1 died of acute rejection). Five of 10 patients with TTR‐Am underwent liver transplant; 4 remained alive at the last follow‐up. Findings include poor outcome for AL‐Am patients despite HTx and better survival for TTR‐Am patients if HTx is associated with liver transplantation. Given the shortage of donors and poor outcome for Am patients, we would recommend that HTx be reserved for patients without or with mild systemic Am and be supplemented by additional therapies as indicated.


Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (rituximab) has been used in autoimmune cytopenia with variable success.We report 13 patients with chronic refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) who each received 4 cycles of rituximab 375mg/m 2 weekly. All 8 AIHA patients (6 idiopathic,2 secondary to a lymphoproliferative disorder, 5 splenectomised) had warm antibody type. Response was seen in 4(50%) of 8 patients (3 CR,1PR) and 3 patients remain in CR at 5,7,14 months post-therapy. Median time to maximum response (TMR) in responders was 9 weeks(range 6 – 18 weeks). In 5 ITP patients (4 splenectomised), 4(80%) responded (3CR) and one continues in CR 50 weeks after completion of rituximab treatment Median time to maximum response was 4 weeks (range 4 – 12 weeks). No pre-treatment clinical or laboratory parameters that predict response could be identifird in the AIHA or ITP groups.Our data indicate that rituximab is a relatively safe and effective treatment option in patients with refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Table 1


The report examines the ideas of theater in the education and their application in Bulgarian school practice. The main concepts, stages, approaches, structure and characteristics of the theater as a method of study are clarified. The theater school is considered as a factor for development and support of education. Issues related to the phenomenology of the process of creating a spectacle that integrates the ideas of theater into education are discussed. Ideas from practice are used.


Annual air temperature data obtained from twenty-two meteorological stations across Malaysia are modeled using multiple regression. A correlation test was conducted to find statistical relationship between each of the dependent variables: annual maximum and annual average air temperature and predictor variables: longitude, latitude, elevation and wind speed. Regression models using least square estimation method were developed relating the dependent variables to independent variables and the adequacy of the models is determined by the coefficient of determination. The result shows that the longitude and wind speed factors have a significant influence on the annual air temperature in Malaysia.


A Φ3 m rotary disk concentrator and Yunxi notch shaking table were applied to treat tin tailing slime and rough concentrates or rich middlings were produced.The tin recovery of 35%-50% was achieved.