The regulation of testicular endocrine function by hormonal mechanisms depends upon the integrated actions of gonadotropins (LH, FSH and prolactin) and steroids (estrogen and androgen) upon the Leydig cell. Withdrawal of gonadotropic support by hypophysectomy causes partial loss of LH receptors and testosterone responses, whereas cyclic AMP responses are normal or increased. Thus, the major effects of hypophysectomy are on processes beyond receptor activation and cyclic AMP formation. Treatment with FSH increases LH receptors and testosterone responses to hCG, and reduces the elevated cyclic AMP responses to hCG in vitro. In FSH-treated hypophysectomized rats, direct inhibitory actions of estrogen upon LH receptors and testosterone responses are demonstrable, indicating that intratesticular regulation of androgen biosynthesis could be exerted by locally formed estrogen.

While low concentrations of LH are necessary for maintenance of Leydig cell function, elevation of plasma LH by treatment with LHRH or exogenous gonadotropin has a marked negative effect on LH receptors and subsequent steroidogenic responses. Such hormone-induced loss of LH receptors leads to decreased sensitivity of the Leydig cell to gonadotropin, an effect that is most evident after subcutaneous treatment with hCG. More acute increases in plasma gonadotropin are followed by a post-receptor lesion in the steroidogenic pathway, with loss of the maximum testosterone response during stimulation by gonadotropin or cyclic AMP in vitro. The retention of pregnenolone responses and the accumulation of progesterone and 17-hydroxylated steroids in partially desensitized Leydig cells indicates that a transitory block of the 17–20 desmolase step is rcsponsible for the second lesion in receptor-depleted Leydig cells. Thus, the negative effects of LH and hCG on Leydig cell responses result from the combination of receptor loss and enzymatic defect(s), attributable to the local inhibitory effects of steroids, such as estrogens, that are formed during the acute tcsticular response to gonadotropin.


Magnetic anisotropy of the single crystal of the cobalt(II) chloride complex with 1 allyltetrazole (alltz) Co(alltz) 2 Cl 2 was studied. Types of magnetic ordering and easy and hard magnetization axes were determined, their relationship with crystallographic axes was established. The Co(alltz) 2 Cl 2 complex is a weak ferromagnet with T N = 99.3 K and possesses spontaneous magnetization σ S (4.5 * cm 3 mol-1. Hysteresis effects, depending on the intensity of the magnetic field in which the sample was cooled, were detected. 1. INTRODUCTION Complexes of metals with tetrazols are compounds which form 1D, 2D and 3D-sructures with various types of magnetic ordering. In particular, ferromagnetic ordering was discovered in Cu(II) halogenids with 1-substituted tetrazoles at temperatures lower than 12K [1,2]. Recently, we studied the Co(alltz) 2 Cl 2 complex [3] which is a weak ferromagnet with T N =102 ± 2 ,QQ WKLVV FRPSOH[ VWURQJ hysteresis effects and reduction of magnetization with decrease of temperature were detected. The coordination polyhedron of the complex is a distorted octahedron formed by the N(4) atoms of two alltz cycles and four bridging Cl atoms (coordination unit CoN 2 Cl 4). Each chlorine atom is bonded with two cobalt atoms giving rise to a polymeric corrugated network. In this paper we study the anisotropy of magnetic properties of the Co(alltz) 2 Cl 2 single crystal.


The paper presents a Decision Support System (055) for facility location called LOCATE. The model is transformed into a user-interactive computer programme. The module can generate a number of alternative feasible solutions which can be evaluated by the decision makers in the real situations of planning. The facility could be a school, health centre, post office, warehouse or market centre. The given area could be a village, block or a district. The model utilises the criteria of distance traveled and capacity (total 1111111ber of population served) of each facility so as to find the miinimum number of facilities to be located so that all the population the given area is covered.


described. This red band is part of the higher order Tyndall spectra. Operation of the owl utilizes the human eye as the scattered light detector, thwaffording rapid measurement of a mean droplet size. Angular measurements made (46') indicate a droplet size of 0.70 km a t very dense aerosol conditions. The droplet size measurement was made a t the location in the mixing tube where the aerosol first formed (-1 cm from HC1 injection nozzle). This far upstream location was chosen to minimize any change in the size distribution from coagulation. In fact, even a t this location, the red band was faint due to the lack of uniformity in droplet size. Further downstream in the mixing tube, the red band was not observable. Assuming mass conservation and utilizing the measured number concentration of condensation nuclei and droplet size, the liquid aerosol mass concentration was 640 mg/m3. At the aerosol formation threshold, however, the aerosol mass concentration was considerably less. Depending slightly on the conditions within the mixing tube, the aerosol formed approximately 1 cm downstream from the HCl injection nozzle. The resultant time lapse for aerosol formation was, a t most, 2 msec. Since the flow in the mixing tube was laminar, the aerosol was confined to an annulus of diameter equal to the outside diameter of the injection nozzle. During the experiments, the tube Reynolds


The Pluralist Perspective The Birth of Federal Regulation The "Technology-Forcing" Strategy The Nixon White House and Ford's "Better Idea" Negotiating Safety Congressional Stalemate "Regulatory Relief" and the Supreme Court The Master Pluralist A New Strategy at Ford Assessing America's Performance


This is meant to draw attention to the presentation of leiomyosarcoma as a recurrent abdominopelvic mass following total abdominal hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy and the difference that a detailed histological assessment could make in the proper management of such cases. Case note was reviewed. She was a 51-year-old woman who had Total Abdominal Hysterectomy & Bilateral Salpingo-oophrectomy for a clinically suspected and histologically diagnosed Uterine Leiomyoma. A debulking surgery was done later for a recurrence of the abdominopelvic mass and the repeated histology confirmed it to be a Leiomysarcoma. She however, died few days after the 2nd operation without the opportunity of benefiting from adjuvant cytotoxic therapy. A low index of suspicion and inadequate histopathologic assessment of tumor mass were the major contributory factors in this case. A more detailed histological assessment of fibroid masses would have prevented this and similar tragedy. Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol. 52 (2) 2007: pp. 47-49


Abstract : Component interoperability has become an important concern as industry and government migrate legacy systems, integrate COTS products, and assemble modules from disparate sources into a single application. Interoperability problems, their complexity and their resolution, can mean the difference between the successful, seamless integration of software and the complete failure of a composite system. Emerging research has shown that interoperability problems can be traced to differences in the software architectures of the components and the integrated application environment. Current technology does not fully identify what must be made explicit about software architecture to add in the prediction of interoperability problems. The overall goat of our research is to define and build this technology. We focus on three technical areas: analysis process, modeling, and case studies. The results of the research to date are the categorization of architecture characteristics, the definition of a set of common conflicts, and the initial development of a theory of interoperability.


In this paper, using the Avery–Henderson fixed point theorem and the monotone iterative technique, we investigate the existence of positive solutions for a class of p-Laplacian Hadamard fractional-order three-point boundary value problems.


Cryptococcus neoformans , an opportunistic yeast pathogen, relies on a complex network of stress response pathways that allow for proliferation in the host. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , stress responses are regulated by integral membrane proteins containing a transient receptor potential (TRP) domain, including the fl avin carrier protein 1 (Flc1), which regulates calcium homeostasis and fl avin transport. Here, we report that deletion of C. neoformans FLC1 results in cytosolic calcium elevation and increased nuclear content of calcineurin-dependent transcription factor Crz1, which is associated with an aberrant cell wall chitin overaccumulation observed in the fl c1 D mutant. Absence of Flc1 or inhibition of calcineurin with cyclosporine A prevents vacuolar fusion under conditions of combined osmotic and temperature stress, which is reversed in the fl c1 D mutant by the inhibition of TORC1 kinase with rapamycin. Flc1-de fi cient yeasts exhibit compromised vacuolar fusion under starvation conditions, including conditions that stimulate formation of carbohydrate capsule. Consequently, the fl c1 D mutant fails to proliferate under low nutrient conditions and displays a defect in capsule formation. Consistent with the previously uncharacterized role of Flc1 in vacuolar biogenesis, we fi nd that Flc1 localizes to the vacuole. The fl c1 D mutant presents a survival defect in J774A.1 macrophage cell-line and profound virulence attenuation in both the Galleria mellonella and mouse pulmonary infection models, demonstrating that Flc1 is essential for pathogenicity. Thus, cryptococcal Flc1 functions in calcium homeostasis and links calcineurin and TOR signaling with vacuolar biogenesis to promote survival under conditions associated with vacuolar fusion required for this pathogen ' s fi tness and virulence. IMPORTANCE Cryptococcosis is a highly lethal infection with limited drug choices, most of which are highly toxic or complicated by emerging antifungal resistance. There is a great need for new drug targets that are unique to the fungus. Here, we identify such a potential target, the Flc1 protein, which we show is crucial for C. neoformans stress response and virulence. Importantly, homologues of Flc1 exist in other fungal pathogens, such as Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus , and are poorly conserved in humans, which could translate into wider spectrum therapy associated with minimal toxicity. Thus, Flc1 could be an " Achille ' s heel " of C. neoformans to be leveraged therapeutically in cryptococcosis and possibly other fungal infections. macrophage medium in tissue culture fl asks twice weekly to ensure good cell viability during the experiment. Survival of WT C. neoformans , fl c1 D mutant, and a fl c1 D 1 FLC1 complemented strains within the macrophage-like cells was assessed by aliquoting 10 5 viable macrophage-like cells into individual wells of a 96-well plate. The plate was incubated overnight in a 37°C incubator supplemented with 5% CO 2 . J774A.1 cells were activated with the addition of 10 nM phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) to the cells in macrophage medium and incubation at 37°C with 5% CO 2 for 1 h. Cryptococcal cells were incubated overnight at 30°C while shaking at 150 rpm. Overnight cryptococcal cultures were washed and resuspended in macrophage medium and standardized to 10 6 cells/mL, followed by opsonization with anti-glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) monoclonal antibody (Mab) 18B7 (1 m g/mL) for 1 h in a 37°C incubator supplemented with 5% CO 2 . Macrophage medium was removed from the J774A.1 cells in the 96-well plate and 100 m L of opsonized and standardized crypto- coccal cells was added to each well. Cryptococcal cells suspended in macrophage medium were also added to wells without J774A.1 cells to assess survival of the fungal cells under these conditions in the absence of macrophage-like cells. In addition, the standardized C. neoformans cultures were plated on YPD plates for quanti fi cation of the input culture. The cocultures were incubated for 1 h in a 37°C incu- bator with 5% CO 2 . Following incubation, wells with cocultures were washed once with PBS to remove extracellular yeast without disrupting the monolayer of J774A.1 cells at the bottom of the wells, and fresh macrophage medium was added to each well. The macrophage-like cells were incubated at 37°C with 5% CO 2 for 24 h. Likewise, the fungal cells added to wells without macrophage-like cells were incu- bated at 37°C with 5% CO 2 for 24 h. Cryptococcal cells that survived were harvested by disrupting the J774A.1 monolayer with sterile, distilled H 2 O and plating on YPD plates for quanti fi cation of cells that survived in the macrophages and in these growth conditions. To assess the extent of phagocytosis of these cryptococcal strains by the J774A.1 cells, the same procedure as above was followed to prepare the cocultures. Following the 1 h of incubation of the coculture and washing with PBS to remove nonen-gulfed fungal cells, the host cells were lysed with sterile H 2 O. The previously phagocytosed cryptococcal cells were immediately harvested and plated for quantitative culture. Five biological replicates of each strain were analyzed in each assay and one-way ANOVA and Tukey ' s multiple-comparisons tests were run to assess statistical signi fi cance among the survival and phagocytosis percentages. the Life The prediction Flc1 was performed with the TargetP-2.0 acid local was performed with the COBALT alignment tool


The interview quality of electronic periodicals has a direct influence on the university library storing resource and the library service level.Making sure to analyzing the present storing resource and analyze the readers reading situation;and understand the newest information,decide the interviewing point of importance.When interviewing the electronic periodicals we should pay attention to the protection of knowledge property,and should interview legally,understand the service modes,it should be convenient and easy for checking,asking for new and correct,emphasis the effenciency


We show that every orthogonality-preserving linear map between normed spaces is a scalar multiple of an isometry. Using this result, we generalize Uhlhorn's version of Wigner's theorem on symmetry transformations to a wide class of Banach spaces.


The designing of new buildings at Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) campus has created building structures which are varied and tend to be non-contextual, not aligned with the older buildings or the conservation of the building as the existing ones. Therefore, this study is conducted by following some systematic steps, namely: (1) investigating the concept of the ITB campus initial design; (2) describing the architectural values of the West Hall building; (3) making studies on the axis, symmetry, and hierarchy of the West Hall Building.The objective of this study is to determine the basis for designing contextual architecture through axis, symmetry, and hierarchy in the West Hall building, which is a reference to the planning and design of new buildings around it.


The paper shows the constituents and technical properties of low calcium aluminates cement concretes with ultra dispersed mineral powders and admixtures.


The addition of 0.25% or more of certain lithium compounds, particularly the halides, facilitates the pressing and sintering of reactive forms of high-purity magnesium oxide. Densities up to 3.46 gm. per cm.3 have been obtained at 1400°C. with reagent-grade magnesium oxide containing 0.5% lithium chloride as an additive. The effectiveness of lithium salts as sintering catalysts for magnesium oxide depends on the original surface area and particle size of the MgO. After autoclaving at 150 lb. per sq. in. gauge for 2 hours, samples of MgO sintered at 1400°C. with 0.5%of LiCl showed a water absorption comparable to that of fused magnesium oxide. Similar samples of lithium-treated periclase had about the same resistance to attack by a NaOH-FeO melt as pure MgO fired at 1800° to 1850°C.


Copyright: © 2016 Donley E. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. *Corresponding author: Donley E, Emergency Department, Psychiatric Triage, Eastern Health and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, E-mail: email@example.com


Most emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) in humans have arisen from animals. Identifying high-risk hosts is therefore vital for the control and surveillance of these diseases. Viewing hosts as connected through the parasites they share, we use network tools to investigate predictors of parasitism and sources of future EIDs. We generated host–parasite networks that link hosts when they share a parasite, using nonhuman primates as a model system because—owing to their phylogenetic proximity and ecological overlap with humans—they are an important source of EIDs to humans. We then tested whether centrality in the network of host species—a measurement of the importance of a given node (i.e., host species) in the network—is associated with that host serving as a potential EID source. We found that centrality covaries with key predictors of parasitism, such as population density and geographic range size. Importantly, we also found that primate species having higher values of centrality in the primate–parasite network harbored more parasites identified as EIDs in humans and had parasite communities more similar to those found in humans. These relationships were robust to the use of different centrality metrics and to multiple ways of controlling for variation in how well each species has been studied (i.e., sampling effort). Centrality may therefore estimate the role of a host as a source of EIDs to humans in other multispecific host–parasite networks.


The plan you adopted five years ago may not be the best choice for your business today! Employers with existing plans or those contemplating new plans must consider many factors. Also, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) now says you must restate your existing qualified retirement plans by the last day of the plan year that begins in 1992 or risk plan disqualification! What's more, where a group of businesses is controlled by one owner, strict controlled group rules now require near equal benefit accruals for all employees in the group.


95.19 Spurt optimization If a small hole is opened at height h in the side of a tank filled with water to a depth H > h, then, ignoring air resistance, the horizontal range of the spurt is a maximum if, and only if, h = tH (see [1]; and [2] for a related optimization problem). Here we treat two other optimization problems for this model: maximization of the path length of the spurt and of the area enclosed by the trajectory. If the leading drop of the spurt emerges with horizontal velocity v, then the parametric representation of the trajectory is:


To study the unsaturated drainage of the regulation-storage style seepage well in highway drainage,SEEP/W is used to simulate the seepage process.And the impacts of the well depth,diameter,seepage length and permeability to well flux are analyzed.It is found that the well flux are positively related to these parameters,while the permeability of seepage layer is the most sensitive,followed by well depth,well diameter,and seepage length;When the depth is set at about 2mabove the water table,seepage wells performance is optimal;In the infiltrating process,the radial influence extent of groundwater to unsaturated aquifer is 1to 2times of well depth;For 1/2drainage time after the end of the drainage,the water dune in Seepage layer is basically dissipated,only a local aquiclude is resided around the seepage well.


A variety of practical problems can be addressed in the framework of rotation (successive) sampling. The present work presents a sample rotation pattern where sampling units are drawn on two successive occasions. The problem of estimation of population variance on current (second) occasion in two - occasion successive (rotation) sampling has been considered. A class of estimators has been proposed for population variance that includes many estimators as a particular case. Asymptotic properties of the proposed class of estimators are discussed. The proposed class of estimators is compared with the sample variance estimator when there is no matching from the previous occasion. Optimum replacement policy is discussed. Results are supported with the empirical means of comparison.


For the problems of positioning deviation and poor welding quality in the welding of medium and heavy plates [1] by robot [2], a robot medium and heavy plate welding system [3] based on laser vision is introduced, and a multilayer and multi-pass welding method [4] which can be used for different angles and multiple passes is proposed. The robot and computer are connected through PLC [5]. After the laser sensor [6] collects the weld information, the computer generates the welding plan through algorithm processing, and uploads the relevant information to the robot to realize the welding of the weld [7]. The results show that this method can realize the welding of multiple welds with different angles and directions, and has a good application prospect.


How and to mold assembled laminated panel is provided. The intermediate member is disposed in the laminated board, by placing a series of layers in the laminated base of the intermediate member, the laminate is assembled. Thereafter, the intermediate member and the laminate is placed on the molding surface is removed from the laminated board. Thereafter, in a manner that modifies the shape of the laminate to form the laminate molded panel is pressed against the molding surface laminate via an intermediate member. Finally, the laminated molded panel is removed from the intermediate member. As a result, stacking bases during assembly, it is possible to support the flexible intermediate member, so that the laminated body is assembled by an automatic process, it may be relatively flat.


An instrument for the measurement of gradients in the earth's magnetic field has been constructed. The gradiometer, of 15‐ft base length, is capable of operation for long periods with an error less than 20 γ (5 γ/m). Detectors are of the tuned, second harmonic flux gate type. An automatic ambient‐field nulling feature has been introduced to ease the requirement for exact matching of the magnetic characteristics of the gradient detectors.


EasyNet is an American‐based, menu‐driven information retrieval system which links untrained users to over 800 databases from nearly twenty online service vendors. The system has recently become available in Europe. Following a discussion of the confusion surrounding such gateway and front end systems, the EasyNet system is briefly explained and the methodology of a trial set up in Denmark during June 1986 to test EasyNet is described. The results of the test and an evaluation of end‐users' comments on EasyNet are discussed in terms of user‐friendliness, user satisfaction, user problems and value for money aspects. A number of general observations are also made.


The most reactive chemical element, F(2), has been claimed not to occur in nature. First direct evidence from in situ NMR spectroscopy now proves that elemental F(2) indeed occurs in nature as an occlusion in "antozonite" (right in the picture), a variant of fluorite (CaF(2), left).


A Human Operator Simulator (HOS) based pilot model has been developed for use at NASA LaRC for analysis of flight management problems. The model is currently configured to simulate piloted flight of an advanced transport airplane. The generic HOS operator and machine model was originally developed under U.S. Navy sponsorship by Analytics, Inc. and through a contract with LaRC was configured to represent a pilot flying a transport airplane. A version of the HOS program runs in batch mode on LaRC's (60-bit-word) central computer system. This document provides a guide for using the program and describes in some detail the assortment of files used during its operation.


roentgenographic evidence of metastasis to the chest. The immediate impressions were acute cholecystitis and cancer of the left breast with possible metastasis to the abdominal organs. Initial treatment consisted of intravenous infusion of fluids to correct dehydration and gastric intubation to decrease vomiting and distention. The next day the patient's condition was worse. There was board-like rigidity throughout the entire abdomen and generalized rebound tenderness. It was felt an intra-abdominal catastrophe had occurred, with ensuing peritonitis, and that operation was imperative. However, it was not until evening that the patient grudgingly consented to operation, primarily because of religious tenets forbidding surgical intervention in the treatment of an illness. A right paramedian incision was made in the abdomen. Immediately, foul-smelling purulent .fluid welled up into the wound. Although the fluid occupied all quadrants of the abdominal cavity it was noted to be pouring forth through a small gap in the mid-transverse mesocolon. An approach was then made into the lesser abdominal cavity through the transverse mesocolon. A necrotic-appearing sac about 8 cm. long and 6 cm. in diameter with a large rent in its neck arose from the posterior surface of the stomach near the cardia. The sac communicated with the lumen of the stomach. Because the sac was so large, a segmental gastric resection was done, the sac being incorporated in the portion removed (see Figures 1 and 2). The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was dismissed from the hospital on the eleventh postoperative day. The pathological diagnosis of the specimen was ulcerated leiomyoma of the stomach with peritonitis. Later the patient had a simple mastectomy for the breast tumor mass, which was adenocarcinoma. Postoperative x-ray therapy was given. At the time of last examination, a year later, the patient was in good health.


Statistical methods for an asymmetric normal classification do not adapt well to the situations where the population distributions are perturbed by an interval-screening scheme. This paper explores methods for providing an optimal classification of future samples in this situation. The properties of the screened population distributions are considered and two optimal regions for classifying the future samples are obtained. These developments yield yet other rules for the interval-screened asymmetric normal classification. The rules are studied from several aspects such as the probability of misclassification, robustness, and estimation of the rules. The investigation of the performance of the rules as well as the illustration of the screened classification idea, using two numerical examples, is also considered.


The adversarial methods showed advanced performance by producing synthetic images to mitigate the domain shift, a common problem due to the hardship of acquiring labelled data in medical field. Most existing studies focus on modifying the network architecture, but little has worked on the GAN training strategy. In this work, we propose SynthMix, an addon module with a natural yet effective training policy that can promote synthetic quality without altering the network architecture. Following the adversarial philosophy of GAN, we designed a mix-up synthesis scheme termed SynthMix. It coherently mixed up aligned images of real and synthetic samples to stimulate the generation of fine-grained features, examined by an associated Inspector for the domain-specific details. We evaluated our method on two segmentation benchmarks among three publicly available datasets, where our method showed a significant performance gain compared with existing state-of-the-art approaches. The code will be made publicly available.


In order to perform accurate and stable long-term numerical calculations, we construct new sets of ADM and BSSN evolution equations by adjusting constraints to their right-hand-sides. We apply a method suggested by Fiske (2004), which adds functional derivative of the norm of constraints, C. We derive their constraint propagation equations (evolution equations of constraints) in flat spacetime, which show that C itself evolve decaying. We also perform numerical tests with the polarized Gowdy-wave testbed, and show that the constraint-damping appears. The life-times of the standard ADM and BSSN simulations are improved as about twice as longer.


Recent evidence suggests that genomic variations in cancer predisposition genes are found at higher prevalence in the general population. However, currently, only a handful of genomic variants in these genes are classified as pathogenic with certainty, leaving a significant number classified as variant of unknown significance (VUS) in terms of their potential pathogenicity. Addressing this problem is of significant relevance for improving cancer screening, genetic counseling, and in some cases therapy. Consequently, the GOAL of the current study was to evaluate genomic variations in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) predisposition genes from affected patients. We developed and validated the MCW PDAC Germline AmpliSeq Panel, which assessed variation in 53 cancer predisposition genes, including those from hereditary cancers, chronic pancreatitis, DNA damage repair and metabolism. The target DNA panel was amplified and a library was prepared according to the AmpliSeq for Illumina Custom Panel kit. Paired-end, 2x300bp read sequencing was performed at a depth of at least 500X using the MiSeq platform. Variant calling was performed with the Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) v3.7 Haplotype Caller. The protein coding effect of genomic variants was annotated using SNPEff and Ensembl canonical transcripts. We annotated variants with their population allele frequency from GnomAD, cancer incidence from COSMIC, and hereditary disease association from ClinVar and HGMD, using the BioR toolkit.A total of 5,658 variants were found in 545 patients representing 4,087 single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and 1,146 insertion/deletion variants (indels). Among these variants, we found that 483 were seen previously in the COSMIC database, most of which were associated with 'carcinoma' primary histology. When considering all variants regardless of their impact, the genes with variants in the highest number of subjects was POLE , followed by APC , BARD1 , BRCA2 , ATM , and PMS2 . APC had the highest number of coding variants across all samples, followed by PMS2 , BRCA1 , ATM , BRCA2 , and BARD1 . Lastly, 18 variants (0.31%) have been previously identified as pathogenic, likely pathogenic, or disease-causing variations for pancreatic cancer, while 231 (4.08%) represented VUS. In summary, ourfindings support the existence of wide genomic variation in PDAC-predisposition genes. Identified variants include some of uncertain significance, which warrant future functional studies to better understand their pathogenic potential. Combined, these results raise the possibility that some VUS may predispose to PDAC. Citation Format: Jenica Abrudan, Susan Tsai, Wendy Demos, Michael T. Zimmermann, Michael Tschannen, Jennifer Geurts, Angela Mathison, Gwen Lomberk, Douglas Evans, Raul Urrutia. Genomic variation in PDAC-predisposing genes identified using the MCW germline exome panel [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4163.


Nowadays energy consumption is on the rise which is not sustainable in the long run. Household energy consumption accounts for about 25% of the countries' total energy consumption and it continues to grow. One of the ways to decrease energy consumption is by increasing consumer awareness. People are often careless when it comes to lowering energy consumption, even though it could reflect well on their household budget. The development of various kinds of technologies enabled improved control over energy consumption remotely (i.e., via mobile devices and computers). In this paper, we present Home-in-Palm a mobile service for remote control of household energy consumption which enables remote control of household appliances, automatic appliance status changes based on user's location or particular moment in time, and automatic reduction of household energy consumption. These features bring lower cost and reduced energy consumption.


Abstract We extend a mod 2 relation between the Kauffman and Homfly polynomials, first observed by Rudolph in 1987, to the general Kauffman and Homfly satellite invariants.


Construction claims analysis is an often complicated process that seeks to answer a few simple questions: What happened? Why did it happen? What was the impact and root cause of schedule and cost variance? Who was responsible? The methodology used to arrive at these answers has a very significant effect on their usefulness in achieving the desired outcome in the dispute resolution process. Phased Root Cause Analysis (PRCA) is a methodology developed and refined in a wide diversity of applications, and shown to be effective on projects of virtually any size. In addition to providing answers in dispute resolution, PRCA also has great utility when used in a proactive manner to help protect projects which may be potentially vulnerable to claims. It is a distincive methodology that, when employed by knowledgeable, experienced practitioners, provides a proven means to delve beneath the superficial to the underlying causes of cost and schedule variance.


PSRs J1847-0130 and J1718-37184 have inferred surface dipole magnetic fields greater than those of any other known pulsars and well above the ``quantum critical field'' above which some models predict radio emission should not occur.These fields are similar to those of the anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs), which growing evidence suggests are ``magnetars''. The lack of AXP-like X-ray emission from these radio pulsars (and the non-detection of radio emission from the AXPs) creates new challenges for understanding pulsar emission physics and the relationship between these classes of apparently young neutron stars.


Objective: This study explored the effect of comohid anxiety disorders in patients admitted to an inpatient specialist Mood Disorders Unit for the treatment of a primary major depressive episode. Method: Subjects were assessed on admission and discharge. DSM-Ill-R diagnoses for major depression and anxiety disorders were established using CIDI-Auto; cornorbid anxiety disorders were coexistent in time with the major depression, with both conditions meeting diagnostic criteria at the time of assessment. Severity of illness was assessed using the Hamilton DepressiodMelancholia Scale, the revised Hamilton Anxiety Scale and the revised Beck Depression Inventory. Results: For the analysis, the study cohort was divided into three groups: depression alone (n = 33), one comorbid anxiety disorder (n = 15), and two or more comorbid anxiety disorders (n = 24). No particular anxiety disorder predominated. Interestingly, the presence or absence of comorbid anxiety with severe major depression made no significant difference to treatment choice or outcome results. Specifically, there was no significant difference between the three groups in the utilisation of electroconvulsive therapy and pharmacotherapy (including antidepres-sants, benzodiazepines and neuroleptics); all subjects improved significantly on both depression and anxiety ratings, and length of inpatient stay did not vary significantly between the three groups. Conclusions: The existence of comorbid anxiety disorders in those patients who presented for treatment of a primary major depressive episode did not significantly effect choice of treatment or treatment outcome, suggesting that there is a close interrelationship between the two conditions.


Within the Stokes film approximation, unsteady plane-parallel spreading of a thin layer of a heavy non-Newtonian fluid along an inclined solid surface is studied. The forced spreading regime induced by mass supply is considered. An evolution equation for the film thickness is derived. The group classification problem is solved. Self-similar solution is constructed for the power time dependence on mass supply.


Seawater intrusion promotes the degradation of groundwater quality through excessive pumping activities or natural phenomena such as tidal floods which are popular with coastal areas. Pekalongan city is one of the areas affected by this phenomenon and was analyzed in this study with reference to the 1986 Ad Hoc Sea Water Intrusion (PAHIAA) Decree which classifies water into five based on salinity. This involved using the Integrated Distance Method (IDW) to map and applying the logarithmic equation to determine the dispersion relationship. The results showed seawater intrusion has already affected groundwater quality up to 6.52 km from the coastline for total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity and 7.22 km for chloride ion.  The distribution of TDS, EC, and Cl- in the freshwater zone was also recorded to have reached 28.59 km2, 28.36 km2, and 23.95 km2 respectively. It is predicted that in 4 years, there would no longer be freshwater in Padukuhan Kraton Village due to decreasing groundwater quality caused by seawater intrusion. Furthermore, 23.03 km2 Pekalongan area which spread into 4.34 km2 to the West, 0 km2 to the South, 14.39 km2 to the North, and 1.28 km2 to the East of the district has also been affected and was discovered to be caused mainly by tidal flood from Bremi and Tirto rivers.


Spontaneous formation of complex geometric patterns is an interesting phenomenon that provides fundamental insights into underlying roles of symmetry breaking, anisotropy and non-linear interactions [1]. Here, dynamic, highly ordered topographic patterns on the surface of diamond that span multiple length scales and have a symmetry controlled by the chemical species of precursor gas used in electron beam induced etching (EBIE) are presented [2].


IT is common knowledge that high titres of chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) may be present in hydatidiform mole (Zondek, 1942; Cajepe and De La Paz, 1952; Hobson, 1955; Delfs, 1957; Chun et al., 1964), but, mainly because of the inaccuracies of both biological methods and urine analysis, opinions have been divided over the usefulness of a biological assay of HCG for the diagnosis of the disease (Hamburger, 1944; Genell, 1946; Smallbraak, 1957). In 1960 several immunological methods for the detection of HCG were introduced (Brody and Carlstrom, 1960; McKean, 1960; Wide and Gemzell, 1960), and two of these methods have proved to be rapid, reliable, and suitable for quantitative assay (Brody and Carlstrom, 1962; Wide, 1962). It has since been demonstrated that these immunological techniques measure a spectrum of "gonadotrophins" different from that detected by biological methods (Hobson and Wide, 1964), and therefore the previous findings from biological tests cannot be made to apply to the immunological tests without further investigation. Because of the rarity of hydatidiform mole in most of the advanced research centres very few cases of hydatidiform mole have been studied with the new immunological techniques. With exception of two cases reported by Brody and Carlstrom (1962), all the mole HCG titres reported have been urine titres (Wide, 1962; Noto et al., 1964; Fox and Tow, 1966). Hydatidiform mole is a common disease in the Far East and at the Kandang Kerbau Hospital in Singapore about 80 new cases are seen each year. Approximately 35 per cent of these have not aborted when they are first diagnosed. The serum titre of HCG has been serially determined throughout 24 hours by the haemagglutinationinhibition test of Wide and Gemzell(1960) in 30 patients with intact molar pregnancy. Concurrent investigations were also carried out on the urines from the same patients. Over 600 patients at various stages of normal pregnancy have also been investigated for serum and urine hormone titres. The results indicated that immunological assays on urine were unreliable, and therefore unsuitable as a diagnostic tool. On the other hand, the immunological assay of serum was just as rapid and simple a procedure, and consistent results were obtained throughout 24 hours for every patient. The serum concentration of HCG in the patients with intact hydatidiform mole was at least 320 I.U. per ml., and 90 per cent of the cases could be diagnosed on this laboratory finding.


August, 1942 was received in Glasgow by a letter from the Secretary of the Shanghai General Hospital, conveyed in one of the first evacuation ships sailing from Shanghai on 17th August. Dr. Patrick had been ill for three months and, while his death w^as not directly a War casualty, it was indirectly so because ever since the Japanese entered the War he had been seriously harassed not only for his own safety and that of his wife and daughter but also for that of his patients and the city of Shanghai generally. A letter was received from


A seven layers steel based laminated composite (four ultra-high carbon steel, UHCS, layers and three mild steel, MS, layers) has been processed by rolling bonding and its microstructure and impact properties have been studied. Suitable parameters of temperature and thickness reduction were selected to obtain a finer microstructure relative to the original material components. This finer microstructure induces improved mechanical properties. Charpy impact tests values in both "crack arrester" and "crack divider" orientations improve the values of the UHCS constituent material. Furthermore, the crack arrester orientation value exceed that of the MS material. The delamination, which is controlled by interface bonding, plays a key role deflecting the crack, absorbing energy and imposing the nucleation of new cracks in the next material layer.


Dealumination of zeolite NaHY with water vapor at 820 K results in the disappearance of the 3550 and 3640 cm-1 infrared bands from hydroxyl groups and the appearance of new bands at 3600 cm-1 (assigned by some authors to strongly acidic hydroxyls interacting with extraframework Al) and at 3690 cm-1 (from the Al−OH groups). Sorption of benzene reveals that two kinds of Al−OH groups coexist in dealuminated zeolites:  one accessible and another inaccessible to benzene molecules, corresponding to IR bands at 3681 and 3697 cm-1, respectively. NMR has shown that realumination using an aqueous solution of KOH at 350 K results in the reinsertion of most of Al into the framework and the reconstruction of the hydroxyls IR bands at 3550 and 3640 cm-1. These hydroxyl groups react with ammonia and pyridine in the same way as in the nondealuminated zeolite. Weak bands at 3600 and 3690 cm-1, characteristic of OH groups in dealuminated zeolite Y, are still present after realumination, which indicates that some extraframe...


This paper proposes a programming method for testing system of oil film bearing temperature based on InTouch and Visual Basic6.0.In the method,Visual Basic application plays a primary part and is connected with InTouch through DDE protocol.Practice has proved that this method is feasible.


Objective:To investigate the correlations between the lost goodwill target (LGT) proteomic fingerprints and ineffec- tive chemotherapy.Methods:A mouse model was developed by inoculating S180 cells directly into KM mice.All the mice were divided in- to 4 groups.Group A and C were treated with cisplatin with the dose of 2.6 mg/kg/d for 4 and 8 days by intraperitoneal injection,re- spectively.The mice were killed at the fourth day after chemotherapy.Group B and D were control groups.Mice in group A and B were killed at the same tine,and so did group C and D.Then the eyeball blood samples were collected and detected by SELDI (SEL- DI-TOF-MS:surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry).The tumor weights were calculated to compare the effectiveness of chemotherapy and the occurrences of LGT fingerprint were compared.Results:①The increment of mice tu- mor weight was related with the occurrence rate of LGT protein fingerprint,and the related coefficient (rs) was 1.00 (P0.01).There was no significant difference in group A and group B (P0.05),but group C was significantly different from group D (P0.05).②The oc- currence of LGT protein fingerprint of group A,B,C and D was 55.6%,50%,22.2%,80%,respectively.Group A was significantly dif- ferent from group C (P0.05).Conclusions:The ineffective chemotherapy may lead to the increment of tumor weight and the high oc- currence rate of LGT protein fingerprint.That is to say that the increment in tumor weight is an important reason of the death of model mice.LGT proteomic fingerprint may predict the tumor patient condition and the occurancc of death.


Post-editing performed by translators is an increasingly common use of machine translated texts. While high quality MT may increase productivity, post-editing poor translations can be a frustrating task which requires more effort than translating from scratch. For this reason, estimating whether machine translations are of sufficient quality to be used for post-editing and finding means to reduce post-editing effort are an important field of study. Post-editing effort consists of different aspects, of which temporal effort, or the time spent on post-editing, is the most visible and involves not only the technical effort needed to perform the editing, but also the cognitive effort required to detect and plan necessary corrections. Cognitive effort is difficult to examine directly, but ways to reduce the cognitive effort in particular may prove valuable in reducing the frustration associated with post-editing work. In this paper, we describe an experiment aimed at studying the relationship between technical post-editing effort and cognitive post-editing effort by comparing cases where the edit distance and a manual score reflecting perceived effort differ. We present results of an error analysis performed on such sentences and discuss the clues they may provide about edits requiring great cognitive effort compared to the technical effort, on one hand, or little cognitive effort, on the other.


The author presents the program of primary education, which won in the Second Russian competition of universal education for the prevention "Parents' Club: helping others, we help ourselves". The purpose of the program is psychological and educational support of teenagers parents (which are also the participants of the educational process), aimed at improving parent-child relationship. The novelty of this program is to use the full-time and part-time interaction with parents (combination of workshops and e-mailing).


In Time of Anarchy, Matthew Kruer examines the history of the Susquehannocks in the seventeenth century, demonstrating their remarkable influence on social and political events across a wide-reaching geography. Researching the history of the Susquehannocks presents challenges because, as Kruer notes, available evidence is "usually fragmentary, brief, and frustratingly vague" (8). Nonetheless, through extensive research and careful interrogation of colonial documents and archaeological sources, Kruer makes crucial discoveries, even from the smallest details or "glimpses" (243) of Susquehannocks left by colonial recorders. Kruer expertly weaves a complex story in chapters organized around several areas of analysis: "emotional cultures, rumors, migrations, conspiracy theory, peacemaking, captivity, and racial thinking" (7). During the main period of this study, 1675–85, the Susquehannocks' population was small. Kruer stresses, however, that we should not be misled by the size of the group. "Its actions caused repercussions far out of proportion to its numbers" (4), he argues, adding that "Susquehannock influence was often indirect, but it had enormous geographic breadth and transformative intensity" (4–6).1 Susquehannocks affected political and social developments not just in their homelands in the Susquehanna Valley but also in the valleys of the Potomac, Delaware, and Hudson Rivers and in the area near Albemarle Sound. "Despite their small numbers," Kruer writes of the Susquehannocks, "the ripple effects of their actions set in motion a series of political convulsions that gripped the English colonies" (111). He shows how Susquehannocks' movements, alliances, and warfare—as well as rumors about these—raised alarms among colonists, whose fears of Indigenous attacks fed into popular unrest over how colonial governments responded to these challenges. Borrowing language from Maryland and Virginia colonists, Kruer refers to this as a "Time of Anarchy" (6) during which popular dissatisfactions and tumults spread. What happened in Virginia reverberated in Maryland, and vice versa. Colonial rebellion in Virginia stoked political flames in Carolina's Albemarle region. Kruer follows the evidence carefully; time and again, he links colonial political unrest back to the Susquehannocks and to colonists' fears about what


For secured transmission over wireless channels, a beamforming technique of information and jamming signals based on channel state information is considered. By beamforming and splitting the transmission power for both sending information to the target receiver and interfering the eavesdroppers, the secured communication can be achieved. Because the beamforming vectors for information and jamming signals are calculated with channel information of the target receiver, the channel variation can cause the loss of the expected secrecy rate. In this paper, this rate loss is analyzed in high signal to noise ratio (SNR) region. It is verified that the analyzed upper bound behaves similarly the exact one with respect to both SNR and mobile speed with a constant gap.


In this paper we derive the equations for Loop Corrected Belief Propagation on a continuous variable Gaussian model. Using the exactness of the averages for belief propagation for Gaussian models, a different way of obtaining the covariances is found, based on Belief Propagation on cavity graphs. We discuss the relation of this loop correction algorithm to Expectation Propagation algorithms for the case in which the model is no longer Gaussian, but slightly perturbed by nonlinear terms.


Speaking is a part of communication. Speaking has an important role in daily life, because by mastering it, people not only can carry out conversations with others, give the ideas and exchange the information with others but also maintain the social relationship. There are so many factors influence students' achievement in speaking skill. One of them is the way or technique that is used by teacher. The aims of this research were: 1) to analyze the implementation of Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD) technique in speaking class, 2) to find out the students' opinions toward the implementation of STAD in speaking class and 3) to find out the problems students encountered in speaking class through that technique.
This was qualitative descriptive research which used self reflective teaching paradigm. The research was conducted at SMA N 14 Bandar Lampung. The researcher used only one class at the tenth grade in academic year of 2012/2013 which was X.4 as the subject of this research. This research went on from 7th to 17th of May 2013. In order to gain the data, the researcher taught the students speaking through STAD technique that had been observed by the English teacher, distributed questionnaire to the students and conducted the students' interview.
The result of this research showed that the teacher had employed almost all component of STAD in speaking class successfully. Moreover, from the result of questionnaire, it was known that most of students gave positive responses in implementing STAD technique. The last, from the result of interview, there were some problems encountered by half of students especially in terms of vocabulary and comprehensibility. In short, it could be concluded that STAD technique became one of appropriate techniques in teaching speaking since this technique could make an active speaking class interaction, maximize the students' role and involvement in teaching learning process and minimize the teacher's talk time


Objective:To establish extraction method in compatibility with Gaoliangjiang and Xiangfu by determining the content of galangin in different extraction methods of Gaoliangjiang and Xiangfu.Methods:It was used with acetonitrile-0.5%phosphoric acid solution(42∶58) as a mobile phase by HPLC.The detecting wavelength was 266nm.The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1.Results:When Gaoliangjian and Xiangfu are extracted together by alcohol,the content of galangin is the highest.Conclusion:It helps to increase effective component galangin by extracting Gaoliangjian anf Xiangfu using alcohol.


This study examined the influence of e-commerce application, social media instagram and digital marketing to online purchases of millennial generation consumers. Respondents of this study were 152 university students who have already shopped online at e-commerce applications, have ever seen e-commerce advertisements on electronic media and have used social media instagram for online shopping participated in this reseach. There are several findings in this study. First, e-commerce application has positive influence to online purchases of millennial generation consumers. Second, social media instagram has postive effect to online purchases of millennial generation consumers. Third, digital marketing has positive effect to online purchases of millennial generation consumers. Keywords : industrial revolution 4.0, e-commerce, instagram, digital marketing, instant online buying, millennial generation consumers


Received: 20 May 2019 Accepted: 8 January 2020 Based on the traditional theory of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), this paper selects the panel data in 2000-2017 of 30 provincial administrative regions (provinces) in China as objects, and estimates the per capita carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of each province. On this basis, an EKC econometric model with spatial effect was established, and used to empirically analyze the nonlinear relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions. The main results are as follows: (1) The provinces differed greatly in per capita CO2 emissions; the per capita CO2 emissions of Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Shanxi, Tianjin, and Liaoning were relatively high, while those of Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan and Hainan were relatively low. (2) In addition to obvious spatial correlation, the per capita CO2 emissions of the provinces have spatial heterogeneity: most provinces belong to cluster areas, but only a few fall in the areas of spatial outliers. (3) The EKC spatial econometric model shows that the economic growth has a significant inverted U relationship with CO2 emissions. In other words, with the growth in economy, the CO2 emissions firstly increase and then decrease. (4) CO2 emissions are clearly promoted by industrial structure, energy consumption structure and environmental regulation, but suppressed by the level of opening.


In this paper, we aim to explore the possibility of optimizing the fuel cost of power plants using a mixed-integer linear programming model that considers coal blending proportion. Since there are various grades of coal at varying prices, the right optimal blending of various grades is required to get an optimal proportion as required by the power plant. The model considers various factors including coal source, mode of transportation, quality of coal, Gross Calorific Value (GCV), blending proportion, and so forth. The study's findings may help the power sector take optimized decisions based on multiple parameters. The outcome of this proposed research shows that there is enough scope for fuel cost-saving and reduced logistic costs between the source and power plant pair.


Steam and flue gas injection is an enhanced recovery technique that has generated great interest in studies as it takes advantage of the gases produced in combustion processes, which increase the efficiency of crude oil recovery in the reservoir and diminish the emission of greenhouse gases. The operating conditions together with the injected fluids can result in a highly corrosive environment, degrading the properties of the materials used, in addition to operational and financial risks. This research focused on the study of API N-80 carbon steel exposed to a steam and flue gas atmosphere, at pressure and temperature conditions in the ranges of 800-1,100 psi (55.1-75.8 bar) and 520-560 °F (270.1-290.3 °C), in order to understand the synergy between pressure and temperature and the effect of each variable in the corrosion process. From the conditions described above, a simulation stage in HSC Chemistry software was developed to determine three factors: the theoretical corrosion products, the way they interact with each other, and the effect of further variables. Findings revealed that temperature at a constant pressure generated a decrease in the amounts formed of Fe 2 O 3 , this percentage decrease was of the order of 1 %, and FeCO 3 , where the percentage decrease was of the order of 0.23 %, and a greater formation of Fe 3 O 4 , this percentage increase was around from 18 to 19%. When evaluating the increase in pressure at a constant temperature, a greater amount of Fe 2 O 3 and FeCO 3 and a reduction of Fe 3 O 4 were observed. The temperature variable had a greater effect than the pressure on the variation of the quantities formed in the thermodynamic equilibrium of the theoretical corrosion products.


Getting off maintenance is problematic for methadone clients. This paper, based on data from qualitative/ethnographic data from 100 depth interviews with women on methadone, attempts to document and analyze this problem. We begin with a discussion of women's conceptions of readiness to detoxify from methadone, the components of this state and the illusions which are operative. Next is a discussion of obstacles to detachment from methadone: models of failure so visible in the clinic setting; being a success in the eyes of clinic staff and clients; and ever-present and intensive fears of clients about this process. We examine the actual detoxification process: the clinic's role, methadone withdrawal, and aids and accessories in this endeavor. Finally we look at the failure to complete a detoxification or remain abstinent upon getting off methadone, the meaning this has for the addict, and its implications.


In recent decades, it produced a remarkable development of wind power in the world, which stands out EU, Spain or Galicia. Several guidelines established by the various countries that collect sectorial policies among which stands out in Directive 2001/77/EC. The differences of the criteria for action, to appreciate significantly in order to involve citizens in the process of wind power, as Japan either participating directly as donors or Denmark and Netherlands as owners of the land on which they sit. In Spain, it aprecciates he issue of valuation of land for the recovery based on the wind misfits between the price established by the use of the land and the value generated by the exploitation of wind power, and it meant a turning point in the advancement of comprehensive energy policies that include each and every one of the disciplines involved in the settlement of a wind farm (urban, environmental, fiscal, energy, agriculture, land management...). The absence of a sectorial policy with clear standards of performance in this sense does more than perpetuate or worsen, sometimes unsustainable. The case shows Galicia and other peculiarities in common with other areas of the state, showing the urgent necessity to develop a framework that regulates all aspects pending the settlement of these plants and it now goes on without a solution with a new wind law.


KIF15, the vertebrate kinesin‐12, is best known as a mitotic motor protein, but continues to be expressed in neurons. Like KIF11 (the vertebrate kinesin‐5), KIF15 interacts with microtubules in the axon to limit their sliding relative to one another. Unlike KIF11, KIF15 also regulates interactions between microtubules and actin filaments at sites of axonal branch formation and in growth cones. Our original work on these motors was done on cultured rat neurons, but we are now using zebrafish to extend these studies to an in vivo model. We previously studied kif15 in zebrafish by injecting splice‐blocking morpholinos injected into embryos. Consistent with the cell culture work, these studies demonstrated that axons grow faster and longer when KIF15 levels are reduced. In the present study, we applied CRISPR/Cas9‐based knockout technology to create kif15 mutants and labeled neurons with Tg(mnx1:GFP) transgene or transient expression of elavl3:EGFP‐alpha tubulin. We then compared by live imaging the homozygotic, heterozygotic mutants to their wildtype siblings to ascertain the effects of depletion of kif15 during Caudal primary motor neuron and Rohon‐Beard (R‐B) sensory neuron development. The results showed, compared to the kif15 wildtype, the number of branches was reduced while axon outgrowth was accelerated in kif15 homozygotic and heterozygotic mutants. In R‐B sensory neurons, after laser irradiation, injured axons with loss of kif15 displayed significantly greater regenerative velocity. Given these results and the fact that kif15 drugs are currently under development, we posit kif15 as a novel target for therapeutically augmenting regeneration of injured axons.


We have previously reported that purified tumor derived chaperone-rich cell lysate (CRCL) containing multiple heat shock proteins (HSPs) is a promising cancer vaccine, capable of generating tumor-specific T cell responses and protective immunity in different animal tumor models. In this study, we have explored the therapeutic applicability of CRCL in the context of syngeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) to treat preexisting leukemia. BALB/c mice received a 10-fold LD 100 dose of bcr-abl + leukemia cells (12B1) subcutaneously (s.c.) on day -7. On day -1, 900cGy of total body irradiation (TBI) was given followed by syngeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) on day 0. Transplanted mice received 20X10 6 bone marrow cells along with 50X10 6 splenocytes (SPC) intravenously (i.v.). We have demonstrated that BMT/SPC prolonged survival of mice by a median time of 7 days (median survival time [MST] from tumor inoculation of no BMT versus BMT/SPC =19 vs 26 days), however, all mice eventually died of disseminated leukemia. When recipients received BMT and SPC from syngeneic donors that had been previously immunized with 12B1-derived CRCL (immune BMT/SPC) the MST was increased to 29 days with 26.1% of transplanted mice surviving without tumor ( p vs naive BMT/SPC). Vaccination of immune BMT/SPC recipients with 20 mg 12B1-derived CRCL in the early post-transplant period (day +1 and day +6) increased MST to 32 days ( p vs naive BMT/SPC control) but did not significantly improve overall survival (26.3%) when compared to immune BMT/SPC mice not receiving post transplant 12B1-CRCL vaccine. Eleven to 17 weeks later, mice with no evidence of disease were re-challenged with 12B1 cells in one groin and A20 B cell leukemia cells in the opposite groin. Eighty percent of the mice demonstrated long term tumor specific immunity by rejecting the 12B1 rechallenge while 100% of the mice developed A20 tumors. Our results indicate that CRCL is a promising vaccine that can be used to generate specific anti-tumor immunity that can be effectively transferred to a host via BMT.


INTRODUCTION Friction affects our ability in manipulating and grasping objects with the hand. Low friction objects tend to slip out of the hand and require greater forces than objects with high friction [1]. Excessive grip forces to prevent slippage may cause injuries to tendons and tissues [2]. On the other hand, high friction may cause skin to blister [3]. Friction between the surface of an object and the fingers is also needed for an individual to adjust the amount of force applied [4]. Despite of these considerations, few studies have been conducted to characterize the frictional properties of the palmar skin especially the coefficient of dynamic friction (μk). The primary goal of the present study is to measure the coefficient of dynamic friction of fingertip of index finger. Then, the effects of gender, normal force and surface texture on the coefficient of dynamic friction were also evaluated.


In this paper, a new nonlinear magnification method is proposed. The new method produces the effect of nonlinear magnification based on perspective projection and the Bezier curve is used as drop-off function. So the new method can enhance the local information and keep the global context. It can provide different representation by adjusting the distortion degree of nonlinear magnification especially. In this way, image interpretation and target recognition would be performed effectively.


Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an a priori chronic disease of the hepatic parenchyma occurring predominantly in women, characterized by hypergammaglobulinemia, circulating autoantibodies and the morphological changes of interface hepatitis with a marked lymphoplasmacytic inflammatory infiltrate and piecemeal necrosis of mainly periportal hepatocytes.1 Although recognized in one form or another for more than 50 years and more recently successfully codified,1 it remains something of a conundrum, reflecting the dichotomy of organ-specific autoimmunity in the context of circulating non-organ-specific autoantibodies. Considerable progress has been made in the diagnosis and management of the disease, resulting in successful treatment of more than 85% of sufferers by standard therapy with corticosteroids and/or azathioprine.2 However, in a sense, hepatologists and hepatopathologists seeking greater insight into its etiopathogenesis have perhaps been victims of their own success, for the pressure to undertake basic research into the mechanisms involved has consequently been somewhat less than for other autoimmune conditions which cannot be so successfully treated. Nonetheless, knowledge has advanced. Recognition that there is an underlying genetic predisposition to the disease is suggested by its marked female (70%-80%) preponderance, its well-established association with inheritance of the HLA A1-B8-DR3 haplotype, and the DR3, DR4 and other allotypes, as well as with polymorphisms in other immunoregulatory genes, and the high frequency of other autoimmune disorders in sufferers or their families.3, 4 Current thinking is that there must be (probably both specific and non-specific) defects in the control mechanisms that normally regulate self-tolerance and that some initiating factor (e.g., a virus or toxin) is required to trigger the disease in susceptible individuals.3, 4 Thereafter, the pathway to tissue injury is unclear. It is presumed that the target(s) of damaging autoreactions must be self antigen(s) expressed on the surfaces of hepatocytes and, to account for the organ-specificity of the disorder, that such target(s) must be liver-specific. Initiation of an autoimmune response requires presentation of a self-peptide by an HLA class II molecule to an uncommitted helper T cell (TH0) by a professional antigen presenting cell (APC), leading to activation of the TH0 cell and its differentiation into functional phenotypes (TH1 or TH2) depending on the nature of the autopeptide, the affinity of binding between the T cell receptor and the peptide/HLA complex, and the cytokine milieu in the microenvironment (Fig. 1). It is generally assumed that hepatocytes cannot usually act as conventional APCs because they do not normally express HLA class II molecules, express class I only weakly, and lack the co-stimulatory molecules required for strong interactions with the T cell receptor. However, triggering of an inflammatory response in the liver can lead to upregulation of expression of both class I and class II on hepatocytes — raising the possibility that these cells may be able to present self-peptides to TH0 cells.3-5 Which pathway supervenes in AIH is unclear, because there is evidence that both T cell (via the TH1 pathway) and antibody-dependent (ADCC, via TH2) mechanisms may be involved and a definitive target antigen has not yet been identified.3, 4 The wide range of circulating autoantibodies in AIH has been a pivotal focus of much research to identify potential targets of tissue damage in the disease. Although aimed primarily at elucidating the pathogenic mechanisms, these studies have also provided a serological method for classifying the disease. However, the antinuclear (ANA) and smooth muscle antibodies (SMA) characteristic of type 1 AIH fulfill none of the above criteria for potential mediators of hepatocyte-specific damaging immune reactions, in that they are directed at intracellular, non-organ-specific antigens and, furthermore, these autoantibodies are not disease-specific and titres do not correlate closely with disease severity or progression. The type 1 anti-liver/kidney microsomal antibodies (antiLKM1) associated with type 2 AIH are directed at the cytochrome isoform P4502D6. Although this is also not a liver-specific antigen, there is good evidence that it can be expressed on hepatocyte surfaces.6,7 Most commonly deAbbreviations: AIH, autoimmune hepatitis; APC, antigen presenting cell; ANA, antinuclear; SMA, smooth muscle antibodies; anti-LKM1, type 1 anti-liver/kidney microsomal; HCV, h epatitis C virus; anti-SLA/LP; soluble liver/pancreas antigen; ASGPR, asialoglycoprotein; MoAb, monoclonal antibody; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus. From the Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, England. Address reprint requests to: Dr. Ian G. McFarlane, Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS. England. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; fax: (44) 207-3463167. Copyright © 2005 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hep.20804 Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report.


Background: Personalized medicine requires finding relationships between variables that influence a patients phenotype and predicting an outcome. Sparse generalized canonical correlation analysis identifies relationships between different groups of variables. This method requires establishing a model of the expected interaction between those variables. Describing these interactions is challenging when the relationship is unknown or when there is no pre-established hypothesis. Aim: To develop a method to find the relationships between microbiome and transcriptome data and the relevant clinical variables in a complex disease, such as Crohns disease. Results: We present here a method to identify interactions based on canonical correlation analysis. Our main contribution is to show that the model is the most important factor to identify relationships between blocks. Analysis were conducted on three independent datasets: a glioma, Crohns disease and a pouchitis data set. We describe how to select the optimum hyperparameters on the glioma dataset. Using such hyperparameters on the Crohns disease data set, our analysis revealed the best model for identifying relationships between transcriptome, gut microbiome and clinically relevant variables. With the pouchitis data set our analysis revealed that adding the clinically relevant variables improves the average variance explained by the model. Conclusions: The methodology described herein provides a framework for identifying interactions between sets of (omic) data and clinically relevant variables. Following this method, we found genes and microorganisms that were related to each other independently of the model, while others were specific to the model used. Thus, model selection proved crucial to finding the existing relationships in multi-omics datasets.


Aims: To determine if free eye screening can improve clinic attendance, bed occupancy and detect previously unrecognized diseases in tertiary hospitals.
Methods: A free eye screening programme was conducted at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital over 5 days. The demographic data of the subjects were obtained, their eyes were examined and the findings recorded. The number of patients attending clinic and bed occupancy at one week, one month and three months after screening were determined.
Results: There were 188 subjects comprising 123 males and 65 females. The most common conditions seen were refractive errors (44.1%), cataract (26.1%), allergic conjunctivitis (10.6%), glaucoma (9%) and pterygium (7.4%). There was a considerable increase in daily clinic attendance and bed occupancy over the next three months.
Conclusions: Free eye screening programmes are useful for identification and treatment of potentially blinding eye conditions. They also help in providing awareness and improved utilization of hospital services. Clinic attendance and bed occupancy are considerably improved after such events. Key Words: Eye screening, Free, University Hospital. Journal of College of Medicine 2005: 9(2): 110-112


German unification in 1871 triggered a wave of enthusiasm for the fatherland amongst German migrants worldwide. Britain was no exception. National confidence and coherence received a boost through the new symbols of 'Kaiser' and 'Reich'. From the 1880s onwards, more and more militaristic and chauvinistic undertones could be heard. Local branches of German patriotic and militaristic pressure groups were founded in Britain. Support for Germany's 'new course' of colonialist expansion and its ambitious naval programme was, however, not confined to right–wing groups but permeated ethnic life in general. Religion and nationalism stood in a symbiotic relationship; some German academics lecturing at British universities displayed chauvinistic attitudes; social clubs were increasingly dominated by an atmosphere of 'Reich'–nationalism. After the outbreak of war, public expressions of pro–German attitudes did not disappear and were one of numerous factors contributing to Germanophobia within the host society.


Background: The novel corona virus disease outbreak which was first detected in China is caused by sever acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2. In Ethiopia, poor perception about COVID-19 prevention methods might be one of determinant factor to the low utilization of adopted prevention measures and increasing of cases. However, it was unknown to what extent individuals were perceived the efficacy of those measures. Hence, this study was aimed to assess perceived efficacy of COVID-19 preventive measures and intention to carry out those methods among chronic disease patients. Methods: Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted among 413 chronic disease patients from 21 July - 5 August, 2020. A pre-tested interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Both binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used and in multivariable analysis, variables were declared statistically significant at p-value of < 0.05. Results: In overall, 42.1% of participants had low perception to the efficacy of COVID-19 prevention measures and 28.3% had low intention to carry out those prevention measures. In this study, young adults (AOR=2.48; 95% CI: 1.42-4.31), male gender (AOR=2.75; 95% CI: 1.73-4.37), uneducated (AOR=3.42; 95% CI: 1.47-7.94) and face mask non-users (AOR=1.64; 95% CI: 1.03-2.61) were significantly associated with low perceived efficacy of COVID-19 prevention methods. However, male gender (AOR=2.06; 95% CI: 1.28-3.31), rural residents (AOR=1.89; 95% CI: 1.16-3.07) and patients with longer duration of chronic disease (AOR= 2.19; 95% CI: 1.19-4.01) were significantly associated with low intention to carry out COVID-19 prevention methods.Conclusion: In this study, significant proportion of patients (42%) had low perception about the efficacy of COVID-19 prevention measures and nearly one-third of participants (28.3%) had low intention to carry out those measures. Thus, interventions aimed to enhance patients' attitude and behavioral changes on COVID-19 prevention measures have to be provided.


Objective To summarize ultrasonographic manifestations of distal esophageal carcinoma compared with surgical and pathological findings,and investigate the diagnostic role of transabdominal ultrasound in evaluation of invasion depth of distal esophageal carcinoma. Methods Criteria on invasion depth of distal esophageal carcinoma by transabdominal ultrasound were as follows: intramural hypoechoic tumor with continuous smooth hyperechoic line of adventitia and free movement of esophagus with breath were considered as S1;incontinuous or interrupted hyperechoic line of adventitia and relatively poor movement of esophagus with breath were considered as S2;unclear boundaries of tumor with adjacent structures and poor or no relative movement with breath,S3. S1,S2,S3 referred to those without or with adventitia invasion or invasion to adjacent structures,respectively. Eighty-nine esophageal carcinoma and esophageal-cardiac junction carcinoma were enrolled in our study and retrospectively studied compared with surgical and pathological findings. Results For tumors of S1,S2,S3,the thickness of the esophageal wall were 0.4 - 4.3 cm, 0.5 - 2.1 cm, 0.9 - 3.2 cm,respectively. Thickness of the esophageal wall was significantly related with invasion depth ( P 0.005 ;Persion index= 0.8 ). Sensitivity of transabdominal ultrasound was 46.2 % (6/13 cases),80.0% (48/60 cases), 62.5 % (10/16 cases) respectively for tumors of S1,S2,S3. Five cases ( 5.6 %) were difficult to assess by transabdominal ultrasound. Overall diagnostic accuracy was 71.9 % (64/89 cases). Conclusions Transabdominal ultrasound plays an important role in identification of invasion depth for distal esophageal carcinomas,especially those invasions to adjacent structures. It is helpful in preoperative evaluation of tumor as a complemental method.


This paper concerns the quantisation of a rigid body in the framework of ``covariant quantum mechanics'' on a curved spacetime with absolute time.
The basic idea is to consider the multi-configuration space, i.e. the configuration space for $n$ particles, as the $n$-fold product of the configuration space for one particle. Then we impose a rigid constraint on the multi-configuration space. The resulting space is then dealt with as a configuration space of a single abstract `particle'. The same idea is applied to all geometric and dynamical structures.
We show that the above configuration space fits into the general framework of ``covariant quantum mechanics''. Hence, the methods of this theory can be applied to the rigid body.
Accordingly, we find exactly two inequivalent choices of quantum structures for the rigid body. Then, we evaluate the quantum energy and momentum operators and the `rotational part' of their spectra. We provide a new mathematical interpretation of two-valued wavefunctions on SO(3) in terms of single-valued sections of a new non-trivial quantum bundle. These results have clear analogies with spin.


The theory developed by R. D. Mountain [J. Res. Natl. Bur. Std. U. S. 70A, 207 (1966)] to describe the scattering of monochromatic light from density fluctuations in a liquid where a singly relaxing internal degree of freedom is weakly coupled to the translational modes has been extended to the case of a liquid exhibiting double relaxation effects. The predicted spectral distribution of the scattered light and velocity dispersion are presented. The applicability of the results in current experimental studies of benzene and other liquids is considered. [Research supported in part by the Office of Naval Research.]


The rapid and continuing increase in available high-performance computing resources has driven simulation-based science in two directions. First, the simulations themselves are growing more complex, whether in the fidelity of the models, spatiotemporal resolution or (more frequently) both. Second, multiple instances of a simulation can be run to sample the results of parameters within a given space instead of at a single point. We name the results of such a family of runs an ensemble data set. In this paper we discuss the properties of ensemble data sets, consider their implications for analysis and visualization algorithms, and present a few insights into promising avenues of investigation.


: In this analysis the effect of heat transfer on MHD boundary layer slip flow of Jeffrey fluid over a flat plate is studied. A complete self similar set of equations are obtained from the governing equations using similarity transformations and are solved numerically by using shooting technique along with fourth order Runge-Kutta method. The effects of the non dimensional governing equations on velocity and temperature profiles are discussed through graphs. Also, coefficient of skin friction is analyzed through graphs. It is found that present result have an excellent agreement with the existed studies under the some special cases. Our analysis reveals that the increase of magnetic, slip parameters and Jeffrey parameter reduce the boundary layer thickness and also enhance the heat transfer from the plate.


The tilt aftereffect (TAE) is used to demonstrate the existence of a purely binocular process in human vision. A purely binocular process is a process that can be activated only by matched inputs to the two eyes. It is insensitive to monocular stimulation. The TAE can be produced by exposure to a bipartite field with the top tilted to the left of vertical, the bottom to the right. After such adaptation a pair of colinear lines appears bent in the opposite direction. A cyclopean random-dot stereogram can be used as an adapting stimulus. It produces a 2° TAE when a cyclopean test stimulus is used and a 1° TAE when a binocular but noncyclopean test stimulus is used. If the same noncyclopean pattern is viewed monocularly, no TAE is measurable. The TAE does not transfer from cyclopean adaptation to monocular testing. Apparently, cyclopean stimuli activate a 'purely binocular process' that cannot be activated by either eye alone.


The purpose of this online survey study was to collect and analyze the attitudes and experiences of 18-24-yearold U.S. millennials. Previous studies have focused exclusively upon hook-up attitudes and experiences among college students using mostly paper-and-pencil surveys or interviews, this study described hook-up experiences and attitudes using a sample of U.S. millennials who were not enrolled full-time in college. Using a Qualtrics panel, 106 respondents (54 males and 52 females), 66 with prior hooking-up experience and 40 with no prior experience, completed an online demographic survey and The Millennial Hook-Up Attitudes and Beliefs Survey. The results revealed more than half of the respondents reported being a part of the hookup culture and having some prior hooking-up experiences. A majority reported that at least 1-25 peers shared hook-up stories with them. Respondents without prior experience reported significantly more positive attitudes about hooking-up compared to the respondents with prior hooking-up experience. The respondents preferred the use of social media apps (i.e., Tinder) to arrange hook ups. The positives to hooking-up included the lack of commitment and the social excitement. The negatives were the risk of infection, pregnancy, and negative social repercussions. As this population, and those that follow, grows, recommendations include conducting more informed studies to provide insight into industries and various professional settings that are working and growing alongside the aging millennial population and its successors. Document Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Education (EdD) Department Executive Leadership First Supervisor Byron Hargrove Second Supervisor Janice Kelly Subject Categories Education This dissertation is available at Fisher Digital Publications: https://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/education_etd/403 U.S. Millennials and The Hook-Up Culture: An Online Descriptive Survey of Hook-Up Attitudes, Beliefs, and Experiences


The trapping dynamics of photogenerated electrons and holes in MoS2 nanoclusters has been studied using time resolved emission polarization and absorption spectroscopies. These results are compared to absorption kinetics obtained on MoS2 nanoclusters with adsorbed DTDCI (DTDCI≡diethylthiodicarbocyanine iodide) dye. The results indicate that emission from the MoS2 band edge state is polarized, while emission from trapped electrons and holes is unpolarized. This polarization difference is used to obtain the electron and hole trapping times and values of 275 ps and 42 ps, respectively, are obtained. Decays having the same time constants are observed in the transient absorption results. The results obtained on the MoS2/DTDCI system show that electron injection occurs with a time constant of 12 ps. These kinetics also show a 225 ps decay component which is assigned to electron trapping and reverse electron transfer. The 225 ps decay time along with the 275 ps trapping time indicates that reverse electron trans...


Headaches occurring during sleep are one of the most common types of night time pain complaints, along with back pain. Sleep-related headaches can be a manifestation of both primary headaches (migraine, cluster headache, chronic paroxysmal hemicrania, hypnic headache) and secondary headaches associated with somatic pathology (anemia, hypoxemia), neurological disorders (brain tumors, arteriovenous malformations), psychiatric (depressive, anxiety) and sleep disorders (obstructive sleep apnea). The relationship between headaches and sleep depends on the patient's age, frequency and severity of the headaches, provoking factors (excessive sleep, sleep deprivation, overuse of painkillers), the stage of sleep (REM sleep or slow-wave sleep) and possible genetic predisposition (hemiplegic migraine). The connections between sleep and headaches are complex and interrelated. Sleep can both provoke and relieve headaches. On the other hand, headaches can cause sleep disorders, which are typical for a severe type of cephalgia with the development of chronic daily headache syndrome, medication overuse, and psychiatric comorbidity. General anatomical structures, neurochemical and neurophysiological mechanisms involved in sleep and headache regulation are assumed. According to polysomnography data, objective changes in the structure of night sleep were detected in patients with a sleep-related headache: a reduction in the sleep duration and a decrease in the slow-wave sleep representation. Most nighttime headache attacks are linked with the REM sleep phase. Management of patients with sleep-related headaches should include the diagnosis and treatment of both headache and sleep disorder, which will significantly improve the results of treatment or even cure headaches in some cases.


THIS simple statement has been misunderstood by editors and translators and lexicographers almost universally, unless charity require that the many editors who pass it without comment receive the benefit of the doubt. Of the editors who are accessible to me, Ruaeus and Forbiger and Benoist and Ladewig and Page are definitely wrong; so are the translators Mackail, Lonsdale and Lee, Jackson, and Fairclough; so also are the lexicographers Merguet and Wetmore. The error of all these has consisted in taking progressus as the perfect participle of progredior, thereby forcing upon uterque the sense of uterque exercitus. But even if such a use of uterque, analogous to the collective use of Romanus, Poenus, etc., were in itself possible, it would be excluded here by the fact that the reference is not to two homogeneous armies, each under a single leader, but to two groups of contingents the units of which are specified —namely to the manus Troiana and the Etrusci duces and the equitum exercitus on the one side, and to Messapus and the Latini and cam fratre Coras and the ala Camillae on the other. I find, with mixed feelings, that I have been anticipated by Heyne, though apparently by no one else, in pointing out that progressus is not the participle but the noun; but after a decent interval of a century and a half one may venture, in the interest of accurate scholarship and for the honour of a great scholar, to draw attention to his note. In rejecting the variant substiterant, Heyne writes : ' Non agmina, sed agminum progressus substitisse dicitur.' The sentence means: ' And now each advance had stopped within javelin-throw.' There is no need to labour the argument, but one may usefully observe that in the two verses 607 and 608 Virgil has used four such verbal nouns, namely aduentus, fremitus, iactus and progressus. One hopes to see the noun progressus added to the Virgilian vocabulary in the next edition of Wetmore's invaluable Index Verborum Vergilianus.


In order to introduce the effects of magnetic field characteristics (B-H) relationship in magnetic field problems analysis, nonlinear method of analysis by using some sort of numerical technique need to complete the analysis. In this work, three dimension finite element analysis is used for solenoid actuator studying. Two types of ferromagnetic, Ferro cobalt and silicon iron used where B-H curves for both materials are introduced in the iterative numerical solution. The results appears the increasing of armature force when the relative permittivity of the material exhibit large value depending on the characteristic of the material used in the solution. 1-Introduction The solenoid actuators is an electromagnetic devices which able to transform electrical power input to mechanical movement and provide linear motion over short displacement with non-contacting translation force. These devices are presently used as mechanical switching component in different industrial applications such as automobile, aircraft, pneumatic valves, electrical relay and switches,...etc. The devices construction are simply, rugged with high reliability, low cost, and ability to convert electromagnetic energy into mechanical energy in order to perform the required work [1] . The promising properties of actuators such as high energy densities with large strokes and fast response which cause to the increasing of actuators necessities in smart devices where control applications are developed. In order to study actuators performance, different methods of analysis are used for studying these types of electrical machines devices. Fast action solenoid actuator with electromagnetic model is described using general method to obtain electromagnetic model [2], the dynamic analysis technique has been extended to simulate the performance and consist in computing magnetic curves. Finite element method analysis showing the magnetic flux distribution and density according to the position of the armature using governing equations [3]. Direct model is proposed where this model has particular application for large class of stress dependent models based on the employment of general effective field with time varying mechanical loads taken into account [4]. A new formulas obtained for mutual inductance and magnetic forces by using complete elliptical integrals of first and second kind. The Human's Lambda function with well behaved integral solved numerically [5]. A three dimensional analytical model based on formal resolution of Maxwell's equations of actuator is compared with three dimensional finite element analysis where good agreement between the two methods is satisfied [6]. In this work, the nonlinear behavior of core material magnetic properties are taken into consideration in the analysis taken at first time Ferro cobalt metal for the solenoid core and armature into consideration using three dimension finite element method FEM. This solution requires accurate knowledge of material property and geometric parameters. The performances for magnetic field are shown and compared with the results obtained for silicon iron core where high relative permeability is considered for this types of ferromagnetic materials. 2-Actuator model and Mathematical representation The solenoid actuator consist from fixed iron core for magnetic field path and armature (plunger) moving axially within the core to perform confident mechanical stroke. The magnetic field produced by using rounded excitation copper coil composed by number of turns and the coil supplies from d-c constant current supply. Due to the necessity of more accuracy, the process of solenoid analysis in order to determine the distribution of magnetic field in the structure under consideration, based on the solution of Maxwell's equations. Finite element method is a numerical technique that appropriate for this purpose. It permit the field solution to be obtained for nonhomogeneous, anisotropic, or nonlinear material. This method used in a wide region for solving magnetic field problems where the partial differential equations for the model domain are solved by discretising the equations in their space dimension. These equations are Maxwell's equations in differential form [5]: (1)


An intuitive image processing apparatus based on wireless communication and a method thereof are provided to execute an edit function through the wireless communication by using intuitive gestures after attaching an intuitive control device to a human body, thereby increasing mobility, operational easiness and portability. Intuitive control devices(10,20) sense moving direction and acceleration as velocity variation per unit time, and wireless transmit the sensed result. For image processing corresponding to the acceleration and direction data of the intuitive control device, a mediation device(30) wirelessly receives and transmits the acceleration and direction data. An image processing device(40) performs a processing operation so as to edit a picture and a video according to the acceleration and direction data inputted fro the mediation device. The intuitive control devices comprise acceleration sensors(11,21), direction sensors(13,23), control units(15,25), and communication units(19,29).


The authors report the occurrence of fatal or near‐fatal sepsis in 16 of 38 children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated with a new induction regimen that differed from its predecessor by the substitution of dexamethasone for prednisone.


Diesel engines have advantages of not only durability and robustness but also lower fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission compared to gasoline engines. However, diesel engines emit higher particulate matters(PM) and NOx, which is fatal disadvantage. In order to cope with PM emission, PSA Peugeot Citroen introduced the DPF equipped diesel passenger car, 607 HDI Sedan, in May 2000 at the ve교 first in the world. This DPF system is an active and passive combination type operated with a SiC filter, an oxidation catalyst, Cerium-Based Fuel-Borne Catalyst, and post injection technology. In the present study, the regeneration characteristics of DPF in Peugeot 607 HDI was examined on the chassis dynamometer and on-road driving test. Various parameters such as vehicle speed, engine rpm, exhaust gas temperature upstream DPF and differential pressure between DPF were measured, and fuel economy and exhaust emissions are analyzed as well.


One of the types of genovariation is the intrasequence rearrangement. If we consider nucleotide sequence as a string, then the intrasequence rearrangement may be interpreted as mutual transposition of string parts. Common instruments for the analysis of the nucleotide strings (such as BLAST (Altschul et al., 1990)) are based on the computation of edit distance. Edit-distance approach is very efficient in case of such mutations as deletion, insertion or substitution of a single nucleotide, but almost inapplicable for the sequences with rearrangements. Another approach to the approximate searching in strings under condition of sequence rearrangements is block-edit approach (Lopresti and Tomkins, 1997). However algorithms based on this approach have a very high time complexity, which leads to the tight restrictions in its bioinformatics applications. One of the modern methods of approximate searching with rearrangements is reflected in QUASAR system (Burkhardt et al., 1999). In this article an approach to the search is proposed that is similar to QUASAR. The proposed approach gives visualization of the searching results. As distinct from QUASAR the proposed approach does not involve edit distance concept which allows to obtain time complexity O(n middot ln m), where n is the length of data string and m is the length of pattern. Another peculiarity is the visualization of the results


FIELD: mining. SUBSTANCE: two-state shearing bolt comprising a body defining a chamber and having a shearing portion and a pin that is disposed in the chamber and which is movable between the cutting position and the non-cutting position, holding the inside of the shear portion with a holding mechanism in an incoherent position and moving from the non-cutting position into the cutting position for cutting the bolt. The housing further forms a fluid delivery path to the chamber for applying pressure to move the pin from the incoherent position to the cutting position. EFFECT: preventing the premature disconnection of the components of the tool assembly of the well. 17 cl, 12 dwg


Virtual Museum is a popular digital museum development,this article on China's Eco-museum data and information center to conduct a brief analysis of the status quo, based on the recommendations on using virtual reality technology as the primary development of tools to construct a virtual eco-museum system to enable visitors to immersive way to the Eco-museum community scene roaming experience,interactive experience of community culture,in order to achieve Eco-museum and cultural dynamics of community protection.