This research project explored the feasibility of replacing the traditional, paper-based inspection process with a cloud-based, mobile project inspection technology named HeadLight. Based on previous research conducted by three DOTs outside of Louisiana, HeadLight has been reported to increase inspector productivity and improve the quality of the inspection data collected in the field. This report assesses the productivity and inspection data quality impacts of using HeadLight on DOTD project inspection in the field.


We are concerned with rigidity properties of steady Euler flows in two-dimensional bounded annuli. We prove that in an annulus, a steady flow with no interior stagnation point and tangential boundary conditions is a circular flow, which addresses an open question proposed by F. Hamel and N. Nadirashvili in [J. Eur. Math. Soc., 25 (2023), no. 1, 323-368]. The proof is based on the study of the geometric properties of the streamlines of the flow and on `local' symmetry properties for the non-negative solutions of semi-linear elliptic equations with a continuous nonlinearity.


A decade has passed since I founded the international journalIntegrated Computer-Aided Engineering (ICAE) "based on the premise that interdisciplinary thinking and synergistic collaboration of disciplines can solve complex problems, open new frontiers, and lead to true innovations and breakthroughs", as noted in my Editorial in the inaugural issue of the journal published in July 1993. In the same Editorial I also wrote "The focus of ICAE is the integration of leading edge and emerging computer technologies for innovative solution of engineering problems. The journal fosters interdisciplinary research and presents a unique forum for innovative computer-aided engineering (CAE). It will also publish novel industrial applications of CAE, thus helping to bring new computational paradigms from research labs and classrooms to reality." The interdisciplinary thinking in research advocated by ICAE a decade ago is proven to be the foundation of the innovative research. The journal will continue the same interdisciplinary focus and encourage breaking the traditional boundaries of engineering disciplines and their integration with new and emerging computing and information technologies (IT). The next frontier will be integration of engineering, biomedical sciences, and IT. ICAE is expected to be a leader in this frontier in the coming decade. A special feature of ICAE is frequent publication of special issues. Among many special issues published during the first decade of publication of the journal, reflecting the breadth and truly interdisciplinary nature of the journal, are


Nowadays, by vastly increasing in online reviews, harmful influence of spam reviews on decision making causes irrecoverable outcomes for both customers and organizations. Existing methods investigate for a way to contradistinction between spam and non-spam reviews. Most algorithms focus on feature engineering approaches to expose an accommodation of data representation. In this paper we propose a decision tree-based method to reveal deceptive reviews from trustworthy ones. We use unsupervised representation learning along with traditional feature selection methods to extract appropriate features and evaluate them with a decision tree. Our model takes data correlation into consideration to opt suitable features. The result shows the better performance in detecting opinion spam, comparing most common methods in this area.


We employed the nonequilibrium dissipative particle dynamics method to study the shear flow behaviors of rod-coil diblock copolymers in solutions. The effects of copolymer concentrations and molecular architecture on the rheology are investigated. The simulated results show that the shear flow behaviors change from Newtonian to non-Newtonian when the morphologies transform from micelles to gels by increasing the copolymer concentrations. For the non-Newtonian systems, it was found that the curve of the viscosity versus shear rate is divided into three regions, that is, shear thinning region I, platform region II, and shear thinning region III. From the physical origin, the three-region behavior is governed by the distinct flow behaviors of the rod and coil blocks and their different time scale in response to the shear field. Additionally, by tuning the molecular architectures, the simulated results reveal that the slopes in region I and region III are influenced by the length of rod and coil blocks, respe...


To explore the specific practice pathway for the human naturalization nursing care.Methods:During the transfusive process it must be accomplished for the service of patients including prompts informs;there areas that must be known, three areas that need reach standards. Results: Because of the transform from the simple transfusing technique into the warm and fragrant specification of venous transfuses, the rate of patient satisfaction had increased obviously. Conclusion: It must be added the link of human naturalization in basic nursing operative procedure and carry out it regularly.


Infliximab is a well-known treatment for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and psoriasis. Paradoxically, there have been numerous reports of new-onset psoriasis following tumor necrosis factor-α antagonist therapy in patients with IBD. Here, we report a case with Crohn′s disease who developed Infliximab-induced plaque-type psoriasis 4 months after initiation of treatment with Infliximab.


Reaction of 6-ethylamino-3-methyluracil (1) with nitrobenzenes in hexamethylphosphoric triamide gave isoalloxazines in 3.8–18 percent yield. In the presence of potassium carbonate, reaction of 1 with o-fluoronitrobenzene afforded 5-substituted uracil 3 in moderate yield.


We analyse the production of a light charged Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) via the quark-fusion mechanism $c \bar{b} \to H^- $ considering the decay channel $H^- \to \tau \bar \nu_\tau$ in the final state. We study this process in the framework of the 2-Higgs Doublet Model Type III (2HDM-III) which assumes a four-zero texture in the Yukawa matrices and a general Higgs potential, wherein the two Higgs doublets coupling to both up and down fermions do generate Flavour Changing Neutral Currents (FCNCs) yet the latter can be controlled by the texture when flavour physics constraints are considered. We consider the parameter space of the model where this signal is enhanced and in agreement with both theoretical constraints and experimental data. In particular, we exploit the setup with lepton-specific-like Yukawa couplings and assess the LHC sensitivity to such $H^\pm$ signals against the dominant {irreducible and} reducible backgrounds. We show that in our model BR$(H^\pm \to cb) \sim 0.1- 0.2$ and BR$(H^\pm \to \tau \nu) \sim 0.7-0.9$ so that, under these conditions, the prospects for $H^\pm$ detection in the 2HDM-III in the aforementioned production and decay channels are excellent assuming standard collider energy and luminosity conditions.


Many corporations have now discovered the value of a venture capital programme as an aid to the corporate development function. The article describes the venture capital business, reviews its history, and indicates the reasons for the resurgence of interest in corporate venturing. The problems of direct venture capital investment by corporations are enumerated and the trend towards investment in outside venture capital partnerships is explained. The conclusion drawn is that, whereas venture capital is a useful tool for corporate development, it is difficult to do internally and an outside partnership investment can serve as an alternative first step or as a supplement.


Using local features generally provides higher accuracies compared to a global feature vector in face identification. In this study, taking into account the fact that better multimodal systems generally include individually good experts, multimodal identification using speech and local feature based face experts is studied. Both spPCA and mPCA are considered for this purpose. Experiments on XM2VTS and BANCA databases have shown that the local features based face experts not only provide better individual accuracies but also boost the performance of the multimodal identification system.


Antibodies reacting in immunofluorescence with the basal cell layer of rat forestomach (BCLA) have been detected in 36 of 121 (30%) hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐mediated chronic liver disease (CLD), in 1 of 30 (3%) HBV‐negative CLD, in 3 of 36 (8%) alcoholic liver disease (with no correlation with serum HBV markers), in 1 of 25 (4%) primary biliary cirrhosis, in none of 19 HBV‐related HBsAg‐negative CLD and 60 healthy blood donors. Of 352 hospitalized patients with miscellaneous diseases (including immunological conditions), the antibodies were found in four (1%).


Education is not static but dynamic, and evolving with changing needs, hopes and aspirations of the individuals and the society. The process of education is, therefore, closely tied to the prevailing conditions and aspirations of a particular society. So the diverse and changing needs of each society reflects on the current trends in library education and training. It is argued that library education must deal with the essential principles and theories relating to human communication and information dissemination. In this respect, the provision of library services is the hand-maiden of these theoretical considerations and principles. Library training is meant to teach or impart skills. The process of library training is required to equip an individual with the skills and techniques necessary to carry out certain tasks. In our view, this is the "how" of library practice.1 Wherever possible, the two are found as complement to each other.


Time, cost and quality of products are considered as three main objectives of software industry. It is an established fact that if a fault is located and removed at an early stage, the cost and time is saved and the process to produce and deliver reliable products become easier. As the size and complexity of software grow with its utility in modern society it becomes very hard to manage the quality of deliverable in today's software industry. For object-oriented environment best solution to facilitate this problem is to validate the metrics which measures complexity of class design as predictor of different quality attributes such as fault-proneness, number-of-faults, productivity, functionality and reliability etc. Various software metrics have been proposed for predicting the quality of object-oriented software. The CK-metrics suite (Chidamber & Kemerer, 1994) has introduced object-oriented design complexity metrics and demonstrated the strong impact on software quality. It invoked great enthusiasm among researchers, software engineers and further numerous empirical studies were conducted by employing these metrics. Moreover, other variants with CK-metrics were added in order to present more accurate indications of code quality. In this study, KC1 a public NASA data set is used to analyze relationships between investigating metrics (CK-metrics + size-metric) and number-of-faults in different severity level. The chapter is planned to prove the fault prediction symptoms by employing different and sound practicable methods and strategies.


Summary: Direct and indirect arterial pressures were compared in 30 patients by one observer in a "blind" manner. Arterial pressures were raised and/or lowered in six patients. Two cuff sizes were used (22.5× 12.5 cm and 27.5 × 11.00 cm) and skin fold thickness and arm circumference were noted. Differences as great as 25 mm Hg were noted between directly measured and indirectly measured diastolic pressure, and disappearance of Korotkov sounds was found to be more accurate than muffling as a criterion of diastolic pressure. Systolic pressure was measured much more accurately than the diastolic and was recommended as the pressure to be used as a guide to diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. No significant difference in accuracy was noted between the two cuffs. Mean difference between direct and indirect readings were systolic—3.13mm Hg diastolic muffling 17.92 mm Hg and diastolic disappearance 6.70 mm Hg. Direct pressure recording was found to be simple and painless to the patient and its more frequent use is advocated especially where there is any suspicion as to accuracy of indirect pressure.


Tanatogenesis represents the "study of signs, conditions, causes and nature of death". We borrow this concept from biology and try to test it for the Romanian public entities. We chose to search this area because a major change in the accounting system wa


The number of fire accidents increased rapidly with the extensive application of organic thermal insulation material in public and civil building wall in China.The fire-proof performance of insulation material has aroused high attention of the social from all walks of life.Rock wool is an ideal inorganic insulation material with the advantages of low bulk density,small thermal conductivity and non-combustion.The practical application problem of rock wool used in exterior wall external insulation system was analyzed in this paper.The article proposed to improve the performance of rock wool by increasing acidity coefficient,optimizing the melting and curing process and developing deep folding technology.It will fill a domestic gap in this field.


Distributed Virtual Disk Storage System (DVDSS) is a reliable and fully decentralized storage system which is based on the concept of Distributed Storage and Virtual Disk. It is Client / Server architecture and utilizes all free space of desktop machines of a LAN for storage purposes. DVDSS converts all storage of computers on the LAN into a large disk, create a virtual disk and provide this disk to all users of the system. Users can store their data files and folders on this disk and they can retrieve their data whenever they need. DVDSS provides a transparent and reliable access to data. It also provides data consistency and data security. The recovery of data when a node fails is also provided by DVDSS. The objective of system is to combine the all storage space of a LAN and utilize it for storage of user's data in transparent and reliable manner. Keywords: Distributed Storage, Virtual Disk, Space Utilization, data recovery, data consistency.


Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Rationale: Increased myocardial activity of CaMKII (Ca/calmodulin-dependent kinase II) leads to heart failure and arrhythmias. In Drosophila neurons, interaction of CaMKII with CASK (Ca/CaM-dependent serine protein kinase) has been shown to inhibit CaMKII activity, but the consequences of this regulation for heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias are unknown. Objective: We hypothesize that CASK associates with CaMKII in human and mouse hearts thereby limiting CaMKII activity and that altering CASK expression in mice changes CaMKII activity accordingly, with functional consequences for contractile function and arrhythmias. Methods and Results: Immunoprecipitation revealed that CASK associates with CaMKII in human hearts. CASK expression is unaltered in heart failure but increased in patients with aortic stenosis. In mice, cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of CASK increased CaMKII-autophosphorylation at the stimulatory T287 site, but reduced phosphorylation at the inhibitory T305/306 site. Knockout of CASK mice showed increased CaMKII-dependent sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca leak, reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca content, increased susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias, greater loss of ejection fraction, and increased mortality after transverse aortic constriction. Intriguingly, stimulation of the cardiac glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor with exenatide increased CASK expression resulting in increased inhibitory CaMKII T305 phosphorylation, reduced CaMKII activity, and reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca leak in wild type but not CASK-KO. Conclusions: CASK associates with CaMKII in the human heart. Knockout of CASK in mice increases CaMKII activity, leading to contractile dysfunction and arrhythmias. Increasing CASK expression reduces CaMKII activity, improves Ca handling and contractile function.


In wireless systems (networks) planning, the typical goal is to maximize two parameters: coverage and capacity. Metrics describing each of these parameters are systemlevel channel characteristics: BER or data rate spatial distributions, etc. However, in practice, metrics based on physical radio channel characteristics are commonly employed instead (spatial distributions of signal level, SINR, delay spread, etc.). Since determination of these parameters at a specific point of space is in general not possible with acceptable accuracy due to fast fading, their statistical estimates (local mean, outage probability, minimum, maximum values, variance, etc.), determined along small spatial areas typical of practical application, are used as metrics. Objective functions used in network planning further statistically generalize these local statistics. Since information transmission channel characteristics (BER, data rate, capacity, etc.) describing the obtained system performance are in general nonlinear functions of physical channel parameters, their statistical estimates cannot be correctly determined based on statistical estimates of physical parameters. Thus, network planning based on physical parameters will generally lead to errors. In the current contribution, this error is quantified analytically and experimentally. The obtained error values achieved 320% for local mean channel capacity and 3 orders for BER on significant part of analyzed spatial area. Thus, the high importance of considering and using system-level channel characteristics as a preferred metric in network planning is pointed out.


Passive acoustic monitoring using autonomous recording units has improved anuran amphibian call survey data collection. A challenge associated with this approach is the time required for audio data processing. Our objective was to develop a more efficient method of processing and analyzing acoustic data through visual spectrogram scanning and the application of an observation–confirmation occupancy model. We compared detection rates between methods of standard recording listening and visually scanning spectrogram images using different spectrogram parameters. Relative to listening, we found that 1 min spectrograms in two 30 s frames yield the best time efficiency–accuracy trade-off. A standard occupancy model applied to visual scanning data underestimated occupancy estimates relative to listening data for three species and overestimated occupancy for one species. The observation–confirmation model used a subset of listening data to improve the estimates of detection probability from visual scanning and therefore reduced bias in occupancy estimates when compared with using visual scanning data alone. Overall, the combination of the visual scanning method and the observation–confirmation model allowed us to maintain the accuracy of occupancy estimates while greatly increasing the efficiency of anuran data processing. These methods are widely applicable and can increase sample size and precision for acoustic monitoring programs using autonomous recording units.


The revenue and expenditure gap of social security fund is increasingly big. In 2012,Chinese government intended to delay pension payment plan through soliciting opinions. From the perspective of efficiency,can this plan be implemented smoothly? Under fair conditions,this paper starts from the perspective of the flow of the social security system to analyze how to adjust the system to make the reform be more efficient,which is also the equilibrium problem for security contribution rate and wage tax when the individuals reach retirement age. The author uses the life cycle model and in the condition of the probability of inseparability on preferences and disability,the author estimates the change situation of individual life in retirement consumption expenditure,and the author also uses the variation amplitude of household consumption expenditure and the retirement age of self determining family behavior to determine the key structural parameters of the life cycle model. We have estimated the variation amplitude of household consumption expenditure that depends on their children's consumption. The empirical results show that the reform can extend the flexible retirement age for 1year. From the perspective of individual income tax,the income will be increased by 15000 yuan,while the average household income of the average equivalent changes will be increased by more than 3000 yuan. Finally,I give some policy recommendations on a dynamic consumer spending,flexible retirement incentives and the allocation optimization of social security system.


ABSTRACT A novel method named the lost foam casting (LFC) liquid–liquid compound process with a Zn interlayer was proposed to prepare the Al/Al bimetallic composites, and the microstructure of the Al/Al bimetallic composites was investigated in the present work. The results showed that the Al/Al bimetallic composites were successfully produced using the novel process. The Zn interlayer prevented different liquid metals from directly mixing. A uniform and compact metallurgical interface was obtained between the Al and the A356 aluminium alloy, which consisted of the η-Zn, α-Al rich, α + η eutectoid, and primary silicon phases. The microhardness of the interface layer was significantly higher in comparison with those of the Al and A356 matrixes.


Heat transfer enhancement over surface results from the depression forming recesses rather than projections. Generically, such features are known as dimples, and may be formed in an infinite variation of geometries which results in various heats transfer and friction characteristics. Heat Transfer enhancement using dimples based on the principle of scrubbing action of cooling fluid taking place inside the dimple and phenomenon of intensifying the delay of flow separation over the surface. Spherical indentations or dimples have shown good heat transfer characteristics when used as surface roughness. The technology using dimples recently attracted interest due to the substantial heat transfer augmentations it induces, with pressure drop penalties smaller than with other types of heat augmentation. The proposed work is concerned with experimental set up for enhancement of the forced convection heat transfer over the dimpled surface and flow structure analysis within a dimple. The objective of the present work is to find out the heat transfer rate and air flow distribution on dimpled surfaces and all the results obtained will be compared with those from a flat surface. Key Word: Dimple surface, Heat transfer enhancements, forced convection


Industry 4.0 is a title for the current trend of automation, scaling and data exchange in manufacturing technologies. It includes artificial intelligence, virtual reality, the Internet of things and Big Data analysis. Genomics is a vivid representative of the industry 4.0 that requires solving many urgent problems, such as storage and analysis of Big Data with keeping public access for researchers and privacy for people. Currently there is a problem of inequality in the genome industry. It means that the main part of personal genomic data was concentrated in data centers of genomic corporations, government, scientific and medical institutions and pharmaceutical companies. Moreover, there is an issue of legal limitation of access to personal genomic data, as well as the absence of possibility for genomic data management and sharing. This genomic data monopolization dramatically inhibits the development in a number of scientific and medical fields. The development of cryptocurrencies and blockchain-based technologies leads to significant transformation of many economical domains. Application of blockchain approach will be a lifeline allowing to upgrade the development of personal genomics. It will make each person the owner of his or her genetic data. The Zenome project is a decentralized blockchain-driven database of genomic information. This platform supports the possibility to manage your genomic data while maintaining privacy and ability to make a profit from selling access to different parts of the genome. It will establish equal conditions for drug development and for the progress of scientific and medical technologies. Zenome is a new economic environment based on genomic data and blockchain technology. The implementation of our conceptual model will solve the following difficulties: • Creating an infrastructure for storing Big genomic data using distributed database • Open access to millions of human genomes worldwide with privacy protection • Possibility for each person to participate in scientific and clinical research and to make profit from this • Stimulating the enhancement of genomic sciences in developing countries and de-monopolization of genomic data in developed countries


In this issue Toth et al. [1] discusses the role of peripheral and brain derived dopamine (DA) in immune regulation. Here we consider briefly the possible way by which hormones and other central regulatory factors act peripherally in vivo. During the early years of the nineteenth centaury Endocrinologists recognized first when searching for the origin of hormones, that "everything is made everywhere". This rule was true for all hormones and neurotransmitters that have been examined. This phenomenon has been re-discovered since that time over and over again. DA exerts an inhibitory effect on prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) secretion. This effect is very powerful. In rats treatment with bromocriptine (a DA agonist drug), inhibited completely the adaptive immune function (ADIM) [2]. The rule in the Neuroimmune Supersystem [3] is that mediators are shared: so classical hormones and neuropeptides are made in the immune system and everywhere else, lymphokines were discovered in the immune system first, but then were found in many other tissues and cells so their name was changed to cytokines, which implies tissue hormones. Sharing makes communication instantaneously possible [3]. Dopamine is no exception to this rule. It is made in the central nervous system (CNS) but also in various cell types in the immune system, and in many other tissue and organs in the body. In short, dopamine is made everywhere and acts everywhere [1]. One may argue that dopamine is a powerful immunoregulator, it can act centrally by inhibiting PRL secretion, and also acts peripherally by paracrine/autocrine (P/A) regulation. Yes indeed, this is very important from the point of usefulness. But how the central and peripheral mechanisms work under homeostatic conditions? There are myriads of mediators produced centrally, peripherally, and receptors are expressed and may be activated everywhere. This may lead to a very chaotic situation, signals are delivered everywhere; cells could go crazy under such bombarding. It was proposed that membrane bound receptors will cap on one pole of the cell surface after activation by specific ligands. Such receptors are phosphorylated by protein kinases and de-phoshorylated by phosphatases, which happens competitively at the same time. If phosphorylation is stronger the cell will be activated, if de-phosphorylation is stronger, the cells will be inhibited [4]. But there are many other mediators that do not use this signal transmission pathway. Alternate mechanisms are used by some membrane receptors. Also, there are cytoplasmic and nuclear receptors, which definitely would not be controlled by this kind of regulation [5]. It is important that every regulatory circuit has positive and negative signals and the signals will balance out physiologically, possibly under CNS control. The fact is that in spite of the countless mediators, receptors and signaling, the organism remains normal, all functions are in harmony and in homeostasis. The classical answer is that the CNS controls everything, so the peripheral mechanisms are kept under control by the CNS. Indeed we observed that PRL production by lymphocytes was regulated by the pituitary gland [6]. This would suggest that the CNS might exert a regulatory influence on all regulatory circuits under normal, homeostatic conditions. Could DA of CNS origin signal the immune system or other systems, tissues directly? The answer is yes. Dopaminergic nerves deliver DA to the tissues for local use. Apparently the CNS is in control here again. So it seems that during homeostasis, the local consumption of DA may be CNS regulated [1]. During homeostasis, cytokines are at minimal or undetectable level in the serum. During acute febrile illness cytokines of innate immunity (INIM) origin [e.g. interleukin – (IL1)-beta, IL-6, and tumor


ES: My work is very much project oriented, so the use of improvisation varies with the situation. It is an act that I enjoy doing alone for its own sake but in doing so, I may indeed come upon new techniques and sounds or ideas that will become the seeds of compositions or become incorporated into my personal vocabulary. One cannot predict the fertility of the various approaches—improvisations may be completely predictable and dull and a session with notation software may turn out to be filled with thrills and spills.


Nutrient recovery from secondary resources, such as wastewater, has received increasing attention in recent years. Nutrient cycle sustainability and recycling approaches are important measures under development and considerations. This paper aims to present an overview of routes and technologies for nutrient recovery from sewage sludge and measures for improving their sustainability. First, current routes for nutrient recovery from sewage sludge are briefly reviewed. Next, an overview of commercial nutrient recovery technologies, projects, and emerging techniques around the world with the key factors for a successful phosphorus recovery technology is presented. Finally, a proposal for improving the sustainability of these practices is presented. It is concluded that the gap between demand and supply can be a major driver for the shift from 'removal and treat' to 'recovery and reuse'. Moreover, there is not, and will never be, a one-size-fits-all solution. Future strategies and roadmaps need to be adapted to the local economy and geographical context more than ever.


This paper presents the results of preliminary measurements of the difference between the incident sound levels at the front and rear facades of suburban detached and semi‐detached houses adjacent to major roadways. The measurements also yielded data on sound transmission through open windows and comparisons between the sound levels measured in open windows, at the surface of the building facade, and at 2 m from the facade.


Transient rheological behaviour of melts of flexible polymers can be described qualitatively by factorable constitutive equations, the functions of which can be obtained by oscillatory and step strain experiments. In start-up experiments thermotropic LCP melts can exhibit very large overshoots of the stresses, followed by minima, after which steady states are reached through damped oscillations of the signals. It is also possible that the normal stress remains periodic for long times, with large amplitudes, as is shown for a nematic copolyester melt that has been squeezed during the gap setting process. These periodicities scale with the number of revolutions of the rotating plate. After cessation of flow the stresses relax quickly to values that may be unequal to zero and dependent on the position in the period of the stresses where flow is stopped. Dynamic experiments reveal that the melts are very elastic in that state.


High-performance germanium (Ge) waveguide photodetectors are designed and fabricated utilizing the inductive-gain-peaking technique. With the appropriate integrated inductors, the 3-dB bandwidth of photodetectors is significantly improved owing to the inductive-gain-peaking effect without any compromises to the dark current and optical responsivity. Measured 3-dB bandwidth up to 75 GHz is realized and clear open eye diagrams at 64 Gbps are observed. In this work, the relationship between the frequency response and large signal transmission characteristics on the integrated inductors of Ge waveguide photodetectors is investigated, which indicates the high-speed performance of photodetectors using the inductive-gain-peaking technique.


Anatomical variations of the formation and distribution of the brachial plexus are fairly common and it is related to the embryological development of upper limbs. The present report describes an unusual variation of the brachial plexus in which the cords are arranged lateral to the 1st and 2nd parts of the axillary artery. Therefore, some of the main terminal branches show different relationship to the 3rd part of the axillary artery and the brachial artery. Awareness of such variations of the formation, relations and distribution of main branches of brachial plexus is of remarkable clinical importance for clinicians who carry out surgical, interventional radiological and anaesthetic procedures in the axillary region.


The permanent training of the in service teachers constitutes a key element for the configuration of a professional identity in accordance of the needs of each time. The teachers of the XXI century are facing social problems that entail a full command of social skills to manage the personal interactions within the schools. This circumstance leads us to design a program for the improvement of the teachers' competences related to conflict resolution, in which social skills play an important role. The present study analyzes the level of social skills of a group of participants enrolled in a training program on conflict resolution, with the aim to determine which elements are susceptible to improvement in this competencial variant, by using the Escala de Habilidades Sociales (Social Skills Scale) of Gismeno (2000)[12]. The results obtained suggest an adjustment to the normality of the sample, with the exception of the factor 5 of the scale related to asertiveness, where the distribution is characterized by a positive asymmetry, which entails the need to orient the training activity towards these aspects. The results reinforce the need to implement the program, strengthening the social skills in the aforementioned factor.


Community structures and diversities of the typical stands(such as Quercus aliena var.acuteserrata,Pinus tabulaeformis,P.armandii) of Huoditang forest farm,Qinling Mountains were analyzed by indices of Shannon-Wiener diversity,Pielou evenness,and Margalef richness.The results showed that diversities of the trees,shrubs,herbers in different forest stands were in the order of P.armandiiP.tabulaeformisQ.aliena var.acuteserrata.From the perspectives of different community types,the highest community richness appeared in the P.tabulaeformis community composed of Rubia cordifolia+Prunus mume-Malus baccata+Rubus corchorifolius-P.tabulaeformis+Cornus florida,which was in the developing succession stage,while the lowest community richness appeared in the Q.aliena var.acuteserrata community,composed of Pteridophyta+Poaceae-Smilax china+Lonicera sempervirens-Q.aliena var.acuteserrata,which was in the reverse succession stage.


We consider a chain of distributed systems governed by a degenerate parabolic equation, which satisfies a weak Hormander type condition, with a control distributed over an open subdomain. In particular, we consider two objectives that we would like to accomplish. The first one being of a controllability type that consists of guaranteeing the terminal state to reach a target set starting from an initial condition; while the second one is keeping the state trajectory of the overall system close to a given reference trajectory over a finite time interval. We introduce the following framework. First, we partition the control subdomain into two disjoint open subdomains that are compatible with the strategy subspaces of the leader and that of the follower, respectively. Then, using the notion of Stackelberg's optimization (which is a hierarchical optimization framework), we provide a new result on the existence of optimal control strategies for such an optimization problem, where the follower (which corresponds to the second criterion) is required to respond optimally, in the sense of best-response correspondence to the strategy of the leader (which is associated to the controllability-type problem) so as to achieve the overall objectives. Finally, we remark on the implication of our result in assessing the influence of the target set on the strategy of the follower with respect to the direction of leader-follower (and vice-versa) information flow.


Sequential reactions of thioiminium salts generated from thioamides and methyl triflate with organolithium and -magnesium reagents proceed smoothly to give tertiary propargylamines in moderate to high yields. In all cases, two different organometallic reagents are incorporated into the starting thioamides.


OBJECTIVES
The objective was to evaluate the magnitude, incidence, and possible factors of asymmetric expansion with a customized microimplants-supported rapid palatal expander (MARPE) in non-growing patients.

SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION
This retrospective study included a sample of 49 patients (mean age: 23.9 ± 3.9 years) treated with a customized microimplants- supported rapid palatal expander. Based on the symmetry of expansion, the sample was divided into Group S (symmetric expansion group, n = 26) and Group A (asymmetric expansion group, n =23).

METHODS
Pre- and post-treatment Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images were superimposed to assess skeletal change in both studied groups. Seven variables were tested: unilateral crossbite, maxillary base cant, chin deviation, the initial asymmetrical position of the midpalatal suture, split pattern of frontomaxillary suture, Angle's classification, and dental arch crowding. Paired t-test and logistic regression analyses were utilized to evaluate the possible factors behind the asymmetric expansion.

RESULTS
There was a significant difference (p < 0.01) between the studied groups. The average expansion was 4.26mm at the anterolateral maxillary walls (BB) and 3.83mm at the greater palatine foramen region (GPF). The average expansion at the GPF was 90% of that at the BB. The frequency of asymmetric expansion was 46.9%. Among the seven tested variables, the presence of the initial asymmetric position of the midpalatal suture is the only variable that showed correlation with asymmetric expansion.

CONCLUSION
Initial asymmetric position of the midpalatal suture is considered a contributing factor of skeletal asymmetric expansion following microimplants-supported rapid palatal expansion in skeletally comparable patients.


Through the research and understanding of FTA, analysis of its role in reliability engineering and its working principle, for the application of FTA method in the computer to make a reasonable demonstration. From the overview of FTA and the research status at home and abroad, the working principle of reliability engineering and the importance of an important branch -- FTA are analyzed. From the qualitative analysis and quantitative calculation algorithm of FTA, and its quantitative calculation module, FTA is studied separately. Hope to be able to provide help for this professional researchers.


A 30 years old male presented to us with history of back pain and weakness of both lower limbs for the last four months and was diagnosed by local orthopedic surgeon as a case of carries spine. He also used anti tuberculous drugs for two months but there was no improvement in his symptoms. We planned for transpedicular spinal biopsy. Biopsy report came to be non specific chronic inflammation. We reexamined the investigations and we found in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) soft tissue mass with multiple septaion and cyst formation nearby the vertebra. We did indirect haemagglutination test for Hydatid disease which became positive. MRI and biopsy reports were reevaluated by radiologist histopathologist respectively. Both of them confirmed the diagnosis of Hydatid cyst. In first instance we did decompression and posterior spinal fixation with pedicular screws and rods. In the next stage then we removed the L1 vertebral body and placed cage with bone graft. He was put on Albendazole 400mg twice daily for three months as advised by physician. His weakness was improved dramatically.


We use a simple balanced budget contest to collect taxes on a private good in order to ?nance a pure public good. We show that-with an appropriately chosen structure of winning probabilities-this contest can provide the public good efficiently and without distorting private consumption. We provide extensions to multiple public goods and private taxation sources, asymmetric preferences, and show the mechanism's robustness across these settings.


Virus infection reprograms plant mRNA transcript levels by activating and interfering with a variety of signaling pathways. However, the effects of virus infection on host mRNA translation have not been explored on a genome-wide scale. To assess virus-induced changes in host mRNA transcription and translation, DNA microarray analysis was used to quantify Arabidopsis thaliana transcripts in systemically-infected leaves at 10 days after Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) inoculation. The ratios of transcript abundance in total versus polysomal RNA fractions were compared between mock-inoculated and TuMV-infected sample types to identify mRNAs that were differentially regulated at the level of translation. The majority of mRNAs were not differentially translated, because the mRNA transcript ratios were consistent for the mock and TuMV treatments. However, TuMV altered the


This paper discusses the application of direct plating method, originally developed for PCBs, to alumina thick film substrates. Three direct plating technologies, i.e. palladium coating, carbon coating and conductive polymers were investigated. Process handling, plating speed and adhesion strength of the metallization were determined and compared with the results achieved by the conventional electroless/electroplating technology.


The northwestern Fars province of Iran is prone to landslides. In order to help the planners in the selection of suitable locations to implement development projects, a landslide susceptibility map has been produced for the Kakan catchment area using the gamma aggregation operation of the fuzzy approach. Lithology, slope angle, slope aspect, land cover, weathering depth, proximity to roads, topographical elevation, and soil depth were considered as landslide causal factors for the study area. Three values for gamma were examined and output maps were evaluated using the known landslides. Performing fuzzy gamma operation with 0.94 for gamma and classifying the area yielded an output susceptibility map with four zones: non‐susceptible, moderate susceptibility, high susceptibility, and very high susceptibility. Gamma values <0.94 decreased the fuzzy membership functions to low susceptibility zones, and eliminated the high and very high classes. Gamma values >0.94 moved the output fuzzy membership function values to high and very high landslide susceptibilities and eliminated the moderate susceptible zones. Comparing the known landslides of the area with the output susceptibility map showed that 93.9% of the identified landslides were located in the high susceptible zone and 6.1% in very high susceptible zone.


Mobile crowdsensing is a new paradigm in which a group of mobile users exploit their carried smart devices to cooperatively perform a large-scale sensing job over urban environments. In this paper, we focus on the Deadline-sensitive User Recruitment (DUR) problem for probabilistically collaborative mobile crowdsensing, in which mobile users perform sensing tasks with certain probabilities, and multiple users might be recruited to cooperatively perform a common task, ensuring that the expected completion time be no larger than a deadline. In order to solve this problem, we propose a greedy approximation algorithm, which can achieve the logarithmic approximation ratio.


In the paper [1], authors claim that the scheme for entanglement swapping using an acoustic-optical modulator [2] is flaw. In this reply, we show there is a trivial mistake in the scheme [2], but the main conclusion is still correct, that is, the acoustic-optical modulator can be used to manipulate the frequency-entangled state.


Effects of spatial inhomogeneity in the one-dimensional quantum sine - Gordon model are treated by use of the variational Gaussian wave-functional method. The properties of the ground state and the phase diagram of the system are investigated in detail.


Starbursts are important because they can serve as local analogs of the processes that were important in the origin and early evolution of galaxies and in the heating and chemical enrichment of the inter-galactic medium. They may also play an important role in the AGN phenomenon. In this contribution I review the use of UV spectroscopic diagnostics that can be `calibrated' at low-redshift and then applied at high redshift. From the analysis of the UV properties of local starbursts we have learned: 1) dust dramatically affects our view of high-mass star-formation 2) more metal-rich starbursts are redder and more heavily extincted in the UV, more luminous, have stronger vacuum- UV absorption-lines, and occur in more massive and optically-brighter host galaxies 3) the strong interstellar absorption-lines directly reflect the hydrodynamical consequences of the starburst. These results suggest that the high-redshift `Lyman Drop-Out' galaxies are are typically highly extincted by dust (average factor of 5 to 10), may have moderately high metallicities (0.1 to 1 times solar?), are probably building galaxies with stellar surface-mass-densities similar to present-day ellipticals, and may be suffering substantial losses of metal-enriched gas that can `pollute' the inter-galactic medium. I also discuss UV observations of the nuclei of type 2 Seyfert galaxies. These show that compact (100-pc-scale) heavily-reddened starbursts are the source of most of the `featureless continuum' in UV-bright Seyfert 2 nuclei, and are an energetically significant component in these objects.


This essay reads Ian McEwan's Black Dogs as "literature that sets out to transform history by bearing witness" (Shoshana Felman, "Camus' The Plague" 108). It argues this is achieved in large part by means of the novel's dialogic engagement with three intertexts: the classical genre that is pastoral, Arthur Koestler's "The Yogi and the Commissar," and Albert Camus's The Plague.


The article offers a critical appraisal of the concept of multiple modernities that has been gaining ground in sociology during the past decade. It rejects this concept as both conceptually flawed and empirically unfounded, and it proposes an alternative concept, that of varieties of modernity, which is believed to be better able to address the former's substantive concerns, while at the same time permitting us to speak of modernity in the singular. The main source of inspiration for such an alternative concept is the varieties of capitalism paradigm guiding the new political economy literature, and one of its advantages over the multiple modernities paradigm is its focus on institutions, rather than vague, barely explicated notions of culture and cultural difference. However, a varieties of modernity approach that followed its lead would have to be much broader and more comprehensive, and would therefore be more difficult to develop and to apply, than the varieties of capitalism paradigm. But even if it ultimately proved infeasible, the very consideration of its methodological prerequisites would still promise to yield valuable insights for students of modernity.


Streptococcus suis is a swine pathogen that causes severe economic damage to the porcine industry. It occasionally evokes zoonotic infection in humans. Here, we report a draft genome sequence of a S. suis serotype 5 strain isolated from a bacteremia patient that was reported by Taniyama et al. (D. Taniyama, M. Sakurai, T. Sakai, T. Kikuchi, and T. Takahashi, IDCases 6:36 –38, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j .idcr.2016.09.011). Streptococcus suis, a swine pathogen, has been an agent of serious economic damage to the pork industry. This microorganism is a zoonotic pathogen that can be transmitted from pigs to humans, especially to those (with or without wounds) who handle raw pork or have close contact with infected pigs. Thirty-three S. suis serotypes have been identified based on antigenic differences in their capsular polysaccharide (1). Serotypes 2 and 14 are prevalent among patients with S. suis infections, although other serotypes (1, 4, 5, 16, 21, and 24) are occasionally detected in humans. Three previous cases of patients infected with the serotype 5 have been documented: a patient in Thailand who developed spontaneous bacterial peritonitis following the consumption of raw pork (2), a pig farmer in Sweden who had an open wound and subsequently developed septic arthritis (3), and a pig farmer in the United States who developed arthroplasty infection and streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome but had no open wounds (4). We reported a patient in Japan who had developed bacteremia from handling raw pork, and the S. suis serotype 5 isolate obtained from the patient contained a novel sequence type 752 (ST752), which was most similar to ST108 isolated from the heart and lung of diseased pig in Japan (5). The draft genome sequence of S. suis serotype 5 clinical strain TANI1 (5) was obtained. The genomic DNA was purified from LB broth-cultured bacterium by lysozyme and proteinase K treatment, followed by phenol-chloroform extraction. A DNA sequencing library was prepared using the TruSeq Nano DNA library preparation kit (Illumina, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA), according to the manufacturer's manual. The library was indexed and sequenced on Illumina MiSeq system using the MiSeq reagent kit version 3 (600 cycle) with other unrelated sequencing libraries. The draft genome sequence was automatically annotated using the Microbial Genome Annotation Pipeline (http://www.migap.org/) (6, 7). The sequencing yielded 2,571,014 reads (762,758,497 bp), and de novo assembly of the genome was performed using CLC Genomics Workbench (version 7.5.2). Contigs shorter than 500 bp or with coverage lower than 100 were excluded. Finally, the assembled genome consisted of 54 contigs (2,207,658 bp, with a G C content of 41.1%), with 265.3 average coverage. The genome contains 2,147 coding sequences, Received 3 March 2017 Accepted 15 March 2017 Published 4 May 2017 Citation Yoshida H, Wada T, Taniyama D, Takahashi T. 2017. Draft genome sequence of clinical strain TANI1 of Streptococcus suis serotype 5 isolated from a bacteremia patient in Japan. Genome Announc 5:e00260-17. https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.00260-17. Copyright © 2017 Yoshida et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Address correspondence to Haruno Yoshida, email@example.com. PROKARYOTES


THE HISTORICALLY gender based occupational segregation of workers is a major contributing factor to the lower earnings of women relative to men (Bergman, 1986). A large pro portion of female workers has always occupied low-wage jobs in the service sector, which has expanded dramatical ly in recent years (Matthaei, 1982). Currently, many of these jobs are part-time and do not provide fringe benefits such as health insurance, paid sick and vacation leaves, maternity leave, and retirement benefits. When a female wage earner is also a single parent, the effects of occupational segregation and service sector em ployment can be seen in the poverty statistics. In 1986, the poverty rate (13.2 percent) of female family house holders who worked year round and had children under 18 and no husband pre sent was 2.5 times as high as the pover ty rate (5.1 percent) of all family householders with children under 18 in


In the era of GPS-based auto-steering systems for agricultural vehicles, it makes sense to study local perception sensors because autonomously guided tractors and combines usually require fine adjustments and reliable safeguarding systems that only cameras, lasers, and ultrasonic range finders can supply. Stereo vision produces, by analogy, the closest level of perception to human vision, with the advantage of expanding its capabilities by altering the distance between lenses or their field of view. The problem is how perceived space, camera performance, and stereo configuration parameters can be logically intertwined. This research project proposes a way to quantify camera performance as a methodological protocol to configure stereo binocular cameras set to assist intelligent vehicles. Experiments demonstrated that the mathematical indices developed to assess camera perceptive quality were helpful to draw practical conclusions: vehicle surroundings are properly inspected with 8 mm lenses and baselines ranging between 10 and 15 cm, but targeting further than 10 m entails the expansion of the baseline at least to 20 cm if the selected optics are 8 mm or 12 mm lenses.


Vote trading among lawmakers (logrolling) can enable political rent-seeking but is difficult to identify. To achieve identification, we explore the rules governing voting for railway projects in the U.K. Parliament during the Railway Mania of the 1840s. Parliamentary rules barred MPs from voting directly for their interests. Even so, they could trade votes to ensure their interests prevailed. We find that logrolling was significant, accounting for nearly one-quarter of the railway bills approved. We also quantify a negative externality to society from logrolling ranging from 1/3 to 1 percent of contemporary GDP.


e14539 Background: A multicenter phase II trial explored individual 3-drug simultaneous tailoringfor advanced colorectal cancer patients treated with FOLFIRI-Cetuximab regimen using pharmacogenetics and PK-monitoring approaches. Methods: Patients were stratified by their pharmacogenetic/phenotypic status. CPT11 standard dose (180mg/m2) was adjusted per UGT1A1 mutational status. Conventional initial 5-FU dose (2400mg/m2) was adapted according to DPD activity screening (5-FUODPMTox) then dose optimization was PK-guided (5-FUODPMProtocol). Cetuximab PK was performed but dosage remained unchanged. Results: 104 patients were enrolled (18% first line, 82% second line). Mean CPT11 dose at 3 months were: 256±50 mg/ m2 for 6/6 (58), 184±53 mg/ m2 for 6/7 (38) and 127±14 mg/ m2 for 7/7 (8) patients. Initial 5-FU dose was reduced (>20%) for 5.8% of patients but mean 5-FU dose at 3 months was 2580 ±480 mg/ m2 (722 to 4117mg/m2). No grade 4 diarrheas, grade 4 neutropenias in 5.2% of 6/6 patients, 7.9% of 6/7 patients,...


Abstract The author is a deputy headteacher in a large mixed comprehensive school. Her responsibilities include 'continuing professional development", and she began an action research project on how she could develop not only her role in becoming more reflective in her daily practice, but also, how she could develop opportunities for teachers to take time to reflect on and improve pedagogical practices. She worked with a department for some time and collected data about their activities. She used 'story" to put together pieces of this data and to enable her to interpret her experiences. This paper records a story she wrote which helped her to understand better the process of staff development. As a result of reflecting on the story and on conversations which followed writing it, she realised the need for teachers to be in greater control of their own learning and to start from where they are now, rather than from where the staff development co-ordinator thinks they might or ought to be


Thank you very much for downloading an interpretation of religion. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their chosen novels like this an interpretation of religion, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious virus inside their laptop. an interpretation of religion is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our books collection spans in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the an interpretation of religion is universally compatible with any devices to read.


We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the [C ii] 158 μm transition and the dust continuum in HZ4, a typical star-forming galaxy when the Universe was only ∼ 1 Gyr old (z ≈ 5.5). Our high ≈ 0.3 spatial resolution allow us to study the relationships between [C ii] line emission, star formation rate (SFR), and far-infrared (FIR) emission on spatial scales of ∼ 2 kpc. In the central ∼4 kpc of HZ4 the [C ii]/FIR ratio is ∼ 3 × 10−3 on global scales as well as on spatially-resolved scales of ∼2 kpc, comparable to the ratio observed in local moderate starburst galaxies such as M82 or M83. For the first time in an individual normal galaxy at this redshift, we find evidence for outflowing gas from the central star-forming region in the direction of the minor-axis of the galaxy. The projected velocity of the outflow is ∼ 400 km s−1, and the neutral gas mass outflow rate is ∼ 3 − 6 times higher than the SFR in the central region. Finally, we detect a diffuse component of [C ii] emission, or [C ii]-halo, that extends beyond the star-forming disk and has a size of ∼ 12 kpc in diameter. Most likely the outflow, which has a velocity approximately half the escape velocity of the system, is in part responsible for fueling the [C ii] extended emission. Together with the kinematic analysis of HZ4 (presented in a forthcoming paper), the analysis supports that HZ4 is a typical star-forming disk at z ∼ 5 with interstellar medium (ISM) conditions similar to present-day galaxies forming stars at a similar level, driving a galactic outflow that may already play a role in its evolution.


3-chloropropanediol (3-MCPD), 2-chloropropanediol (2-MCPD), their esters and glycidyl fatty acid esters (GE) are important food contaminates originating mainly during food processing. These materials were firstly identified in acidhydrolyzed plant proteins such as soybean and other vegetable proteins. Then, the detection of 3-MCPD and its esters in different foods raised interest in the safety profile of these compounds. Nowadays, 3-MCPD, 2-MCPD and their fatty acid esters and GE are known to be present in almost all vegetable oils, mostly in palm oil, margarines and processed foods, especially pastries and cakes. It is also found in baby foods. In this review, studies on the toxic effects of 3-MCPD, 2-MCPD and GE are reviewed.


REMARKS ON IRREGULARITY INDEX AS A CHARACTERISTIC FEATURE OF VARIABILITY OF A DEPOSIT AND ON RELATION TO VARIABILITY COEFFICIENT

Summary
Variability coefficient and irregularity index are compared, and their mutual relation is determined on the basis of the results obtained for deposits of clastic mineral raw materials. A dependence diagram of both coefficients has been e1aboreted, and the dependence line and the boundaries of scattering field have been determined. Moreover, a correlation of classification of deposits has :been made, in respect of variabilities based on the coefficients considered (Tab. III).


Background: In this study, we wantedto evaluate the duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay in renal transplant recipients and identify the perioperative factors affecting the duration of ICU stay. Materials And Methods: This was a hospital basedprospective cohort study conducted among 76 patients who presented with renal transplantationto the Department ofAnaesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Mohali of Punjab State, from May 2018 toApril 2019after obtaining clearance from Institutional Ethics Committee and written informed consent from the study participants. Results: Longer ICU stay was associated with pleural effusion and left ventricular hypokinesia(p value <0.05). No significant association was found between other clinical conditions and duration of ICU stay.Longer ICU stay was associated if duration of dialysis is longer and thrice a week dialysis. This was statistically significant (p value <0.05).Higher mean serum lactate levels were associated with longer ICU stay (p value <0.05).Longer ICU stay was found in those who had lower mean arterial pressure, higher systolic blood pressure and lower urine output. This was found to be statistically significant. Longer ICU stay was associated with low blood pH, higher serum lactate and lower urine output during post-operative period. This was found to be significant Conclusion:There were certain factors which affected the duration of ICU stay – Older age, higher ASA grades, longer duration of dialysis, and higher frequency of dialysis.Among the perioperative parameters- preoperative mean serum lactate levels, intraoperative lower mean arterial pressure, lower systolic blood pressure and lower urine output, post-operative low blood pH, higher serum lactate and lower urine output were associated with longer duration of ICU stay.


Based on free-knot splines techniques, we develop a fully Bayesian method to make inference about the autoregressive and functional-coefficient moving-average models, including estimation and prediction. We approximate different functional-coefficients by polynomial splines with different orders to adapt to different smoothness. To make the estimation and prediction robust, we assign heavy-tailed student-t priors on the coefficients of both the splines and the autoregressive terms. The posterior predictive distribution is derived from a Bayesian model average over all of the possible models. The proposed method is demonstrated by both simulated and real data examples.


This chapter considers Rome's rise from a small kingdom on the Tiber River in Central Italy to dominating the entire Mediterranean and becoming one of the most powerful geopolitical forces in world history. Following scholars as diverse as Polybius, Machiavelli, and Montesquieu, it argues that the institutions of the Roman Republic were the key to its success. After its transition to republican governance in 509 BC, Rome succeeded in defeating neighboring tribes to control the entire Italian Peninsula and setting it up for rivalry with the other great republican powerhouse of the western Mediterranean: Carthage. Rome destroyed Carthage in a series of three Punic Wars. Finally, it dispensed with several autocratic kingdoms of the Hellenic world in the eastern Mediterranean, including Macedon. In just a few short centuries, Rome found itself transformed from a small city-state into a global superpower standing astride the entire civilized world.


Satisfaction is very important issues in marketing field, however there are few researches to talk about residents. This paper built framework and hypothesis based on literatures and tested hypothesis through 309 sample size with good reliability and validity. The result showed house, neighborhood, neighbors and perceived investing value influence residential satisfaction.


— As CRM company for automotive industry, AstraWorld face so many challenges, especially in call center services. Almost every day, our end customers make interaction with call center agents 24 hours and 7 days. The activities are also different and depend on the customers needs, such as inqueries, booking, complaint, customer requests, emergency assistance, etc. But during that time, there is none survey to measure whether the customer feel satisfied or dissatisfied so the company able to set a strategic to improve the operational quality of service. Another fact found from our database analysis research that the customers will make interaction with the call center after 6 month – 12 month later. So looking at this condition, positive or negative services given will determine the customers level of satisfaction or event determine whether the customer want to use call center services again. This project will share about what is the real expectation that the customers bring while using call center and how to manage the operational call center with excellent services. Initial survey from all aspects that affect Customer Satisfaction (CSAT) Index is conducted to all customers who ever made interaction with call center, such as System Accessibility, Process & Procedures, and People. System accessibility related how easy the customers able to reach call center agent after dialing up the hotline number. Process & procedures related on how flexible information requested able to deliver to the customers. And people related to agents level of competencies and knowledge in delivering all customers needs. To be able to find the root cause then additional surveys are required both from internal agents perspective and customers perspective. The problem solution offered focus on quality internal improvement, include Developing People Competencies and Enhancing Knowledge Management Features. Through these strategies hopefully able to develop professional call center agents with excellent services standards. And of course able to improve company CSAT score.


Involvement of credit investments in agriculture is essential for the development of agricultural enterprises. During activation of investment and crediting activities of banks, the agricultural enterprises must have characteristics of attractive objects for investment. The purpose of the article is to assess the current state of the property providing agricultural enterprises to determine their credit and investment potential. Concluded the analysis of the main activity indicators of agricultural enterprises, availability of a stable source of repayment of loans and their proper maintenance. Established trends in repayment of overdue loans in agriculture sector. Also reviewed the property conditions of agricultural companies and the estimated amount of credit investments that can be raised under its bail. Established that the agricultural business is under development and expansion. In particular, steady growth trend indicators of production volume and profit evidence it. The relation between the growth in crediting and the corresponding increase in production and income is being defined, which makes it possible to assert the need for crediting investments for development and availability of stable source of return.


The utility model discloses an automatic sorting machine for screw rods, comprising a base frame, a detection track provided on the base frame, and an automatic electromagnetic oscillation feed tray provided beside the base frame, characterized in that: a detecting window and a positioning optical fiber are respectively provided on the detection track; a sorting cylinder, a reject and return cylinder, a discharge hole for rejected products and a discharge hole for accepted products are respectively arranged at the end of the detection track; the base frame is provided with a motor, and the motor forms a transmission connection with a crank distributor through a crank mechanism; a pick-up device is installed at the other side of the base frame. Featured by innovative structure and perfect functions, the utility model adopts the pick-up device for fast quality detection and auto separation of rejected products, with improved production efficiency, product quality and reduced labor intensity, therefore the utility model can realize automatic detection of screw rod products.


Article history Drugs of low aqueous solubility provide a major challenge in the design of modern oral dosage form due to dissolution and bioavailabilty difficulties. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of particle size and some formulation additives (sodium laurylsulphate (SLS), Primogel R and Ac-Di-Sol) on the release profile of poorly soluble drug, ibuprofen from compressed tablets. Six batches (A - F) of Ibuprofen granules and tablets were prepared by the wet granulation method. Batches A, B and C contained granules that were fractionated from three sieve fractions (0.42, 0.25 and 0.15 mm respectively) in ascending order of particle size. D, E and F contained 2 % Primogel R, 1 % Ac-Di-Sol and 0.2 % SLS respectively. Tablet properties evaluated as a function of particle size and formulation additives include: hardness, friability and dissolution efficiency at 60 min. Results obtained indicated a decrease in the dissolution rate of the batches as the particle size increased. All the Ibuprofen tablet batches produced exhibited better drug release (in terms of rate and extent of release) than a commercially available sample, Multifen ® . The overall and expected in vivo bioavailability in the batches on the basis of dissolution efficiency parameter (DE60) is in the order of E (98.3 %) > D (98.0 %) > A (97.7 %) > F (96.9 %) > B (95.3 %) > C (93.8 %) > Multifen ® (26.0%). Statistical comparison of the DE60 parameter indicated a significant difference (p ˂ 0.05) in the results from the formulated batches and the commercially available sample, Multifen ® . The results indicated that particle size reduction of granules and the inclusion of formulation additives like SLS, Ac-Di-SOL and Primogel R can be utilized in improving the release profile of Ibuprofen from compressed tablets.


In this paper we present a critical viewpoint on interpretation of one of the most important innovation in the recent world economy. This is derivatives' market, the options segment in particular. The standard options such as plain vanilla, nonstandard exotics or hybrid options and more recent specification called credit derivatives are actively traded around the world absorbing a significant volume of cash flows. The goal of the paper is to present the misunderstanding of the core problems in this field. First this is an option price discovery and the second its risk-neutral interpretation. The modern probability and statistics theories are applied to provide investors and institutions information regarding the cost of the investment risk and on the other hand develop a better proximity between given historical data and analytical theory.


The functional performance of a submerged and essentially horizontal plate for offshore wave control is summarized. The historical development of the concept is observed with comments on the extraordinary features of this simple type of structure. Analytical, numerical, and semi-empirical methods for evaluation of the reflectivity and transmissivity of and the hydrodynamic forces on the plate are comparatively examined. Known results on the effects of the length, the submergence, the porosity and the inclination of the plate are surveyed. The three-dimensional effects, the effects of wave irregularity, wave nonlinearity, fluid viscosity and current presence are also discussed.


Objective. Previous work identified synovial sublining macrophage numbers as a potential biomarker for clinical efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, we investigated the association between changes in synovial macrophages infiltration and clinical improvement after antirheumatic treatment. Methods. 88 patients who participated in various clinical trials were studied. All patients underwent serial arthroscopy before initiation of treatment and after different time intervals. Immunohistochemical and digital image analysis was performed according to standardized procedures to detect changes in CD68+ synovial sublining macrophages in relationship to changes in the Disease Activity Score (DAS28). Statistical analysis was performed using oneway ANOVA, the independent samples t-test, linear regression, and the standardized response mean (SRM). Results. For the different groups according to the DAS28 response criteria (good, moderate, and non-responders) there was a statistically significant difference in the change in sublining macrophages (mean cells/mm ± SEM: -643 ± 124, -270 ± 64, and -95 ± 60, respectively; P<0.0003). There was a significant correlation between the change in the number of macrophages and the change in DAS28 (Pearson correlation 0.874, P < 0.01). The change in sublining macrophages could explain 76% of the variation in the change in DAS28 (P < 0.02). The sensitivity to change of the biomarker was high in actively treated patients (SRM > 0.8) while the ability to detect changes in placebo treated patients was weak (SRM <0.3). Conclusion. The results suggest that changes in synovial sublining macrophages can be used to predict possible efficacy of antirheumatic treatment.


ABSTRACT In Portugal, almonds are a very important crop, due to their nutritional properties. In the northeastern part of the country, the almond sector has endured over time, with strong cultural traditions and key economic significance. In these areas, several cultivars are used. In effect, the presence of various almond cultivars implies differentiated management in irrigation, disease control, pruning system, and harvest planning. Therefore, cultivar classification is essential over large agricultural areas. Over the last decades, remote-sensing data have led to important breakthroughs in the classification of different cultivars for several crops. Nonetheless, for almonds, studies are incipient. Thus, this study aims to fill this knowledge gap and explore the classification of almond cultivars in an almond orchard. High-resolution multispectral data were acquired by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Vegetation indices (VIs) and tree structural parameters were, subsequently, estimated. To obtain an accurate cultivar identification, four machine learning classifiers, such as K-nearest neighbour (kNN), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), were applied and optimized through the fine-tuning process. The accuracy of machine learning classifiers was analysed. SVM and RF performed best with OAs of 76% and 74% using VIs and spectral bands (GREEN, GRVI, GN, REN, ClRE). Adding the canopy height model (CHM) improved performance, with RF and XGBoost having OAs of 88% and 84%. kNN performed worst with an OA of 73% using only VIs and spectral bands, 80% with VIs, spectral bands and CHM, and 93% with VIs, CHM, and tree crown area (TCA). The best performance was achieved by RF and XGBoost with OAs of 99% using VIs, CHM, and TCA. These results demonstrate the importance of the feature selection process. Moreover, this study reveals the feasibility of remote-sensing data and machine learning classifiers in the classification of almond cultivars.


The arrival of collaborative contexts to the global economic stage is a latent reality which threatens to change the traditional production models' operation. Likewise, concepts such as Industry 3.0 or even 4.0 refer to the possibility of providing customers and users with unimaginable possibilities compared to the industrial manufacturing inherited from the past centuries. Within this environment, the fabrication laboratories (FabLabs) emerge. In this chapter, the authors approach an exploratory perspective in order to make known the FabLab movement origin and further worldwide development with the intention to highlight their characteristics and the main difficulties they face nowadays. The growing importance that the FabLabs have achieved despite their novelty justifies the precise study of their characteristics according to the importance related to the strong expansion of these laboratories in this decade and its contribution to a major revolution in the collaborative environments associated with the digital manufacturing.


In this paper, we investigate the performance of a millimeter-wave (MMW) radio-over-fiber (RoF) link, which is used to provide high data-rate and flexible connections in next-generation broadband optical-wireless access networks. The mixed optical fiber/wireless channel is assumed to be a dispersive and fading channel. Other physical layer impairments including noise and nonlinear distortion are also included in our analysis. The numerical results show that fiber dispersion and fading are key factors that limit the link performance. Therefore, dispersion shifted fibers should be used to reduce the effect of dispersion so as to improve the bit-error rate. To mitigate the effect of multipath fading, the remote radio heads (RRHs) or users should be located as near the remote antenna unit (RAU) as possible.


The absence of gene flow, genetic isolation, is frequently emphasized in conservation genetics. However, the presence of gene flow can play an equally important role in determining the genetic fate of populations. Here, I first review what is known of patterns of gene flow by pollen. Gene flow by pollen is often substantial among plant populations. I next review the expectations for gene flow patterns in the small populations typical of endangered species. Then, I consider what role gene flow can play in plant conservation genetics. Depending on the specific situation, such gene flow could be either beneficial or detrimental. Geographically disjunct populations might not always be as reproductively isolated as previously thought, and thereby less vulnerable to detrimental drift-based processes (...)


Shearing characteristics of rock joints strongly depend on the surface roughness. BARTON (1973) proposed an empirical equation to estimate the shear strength of rock joints, introducing the parameter of JRC (joint roughness coefficient). BARTON and CHOUBEY (1977) conducted shear tests of 10 different rock joints and decided the value of JRC for each joint from back calculation using the equation. The values of JRC and the joint profiles are adopted in the suggested methods for the quantitative description of discontinuities in rock masses (ISRM, 1978). However, to decide the value of JRC for a rock joint in question, the joint profile must be visually compared with the 10 typical profiles. In addition, Barton and Choubey's procedure itself includes a few problems to discuss. In this study, 10 specimens having Barton and Choubey's typical profiles and no roughness in the direction perpendicular to the profiles were made with a numerically controlled cutting technique, and were used in push tests (corresponding to shear tests) and tilt tests. The test results show that some of the profiles do not present the value of JRC correctly, and that the friction angles at the left and right shear directions are different by 20 degrees in one profile. With increase in JRC, the friction angles obtained from the push tests become greater than those from the tilt tests. Shear forces acting along a joint can be estimated from only changes in the dilation associated with shearing, in the case of no damage on the joint surface. In such a case, the parameter of arctan Sm, where Sm is the maximum slope in a profile, is well related to the friction angle of the profile, and can be regarded as a useful one to quantify a profile.


A fter prelim inary screening had indi cated that a new plastic bonding agent, Eastman 910 adhesive, m ost nearly m et the requirem ents o f an adhesive fo r clini cal application in dentistry, in vitro and in vivo tests w ere carried out with this adhesive. T h e follow ing factors w ere fou nd to be im portant: ( 1 ) the enam el surface must be clean, etch ed with acid and dry; ( 2 ) contact betw een enam el and adherend must be the best obtain  able, and ( 3 ) the use of a w aterproof adherend is necessary to p rotect the bond from moisture. M oistu re is the greatest deterrent to a solution o f the problem . N o satisfactory solution was fou nd to the clinical ob jective o f bonding to enam el w ithout m echanical retention.


and Neopagan groups that emphasize women's spirituality and that are still active in the twenty-first century. The women singers and soldiers of the counterculture were usually between 16 and 30 years old and they were almost always white. Lembke-Santangelo asserts that individuals from middle-class families felt financially secure enough to depart from the mainstream and embark on personal quests for more authentic and fulfilling ways of living. It is possible that voluntary simplicity is most attractive to people who have enjoyed prosperity and still feel that something crucial is missing from their lives. She also observes that women and men in the counterculture both idealized and also marginalized women of color. However, Lemke-Santangelo does not fully explore how issues of ethnic diversity and the politics of race unfolded in the counterculture, although the tension between women of color and white feminists is a central theme in histories of the Second Wave of American Feminism. Lemke-Santangelo alludes to the counterculture women's appropriation of Indian tribal symbols and practices, and cultural appropriation is another important theme that could have been explored in relation to urban aesthetics and rural communal life. She offers tantalizing examples of the intersections of gender and race in the personal politics of the '60s, without fully exploring the implications. This social history draws together a rich variety of documentary sources, along with interviews archived by the University of Kansas 60s Communes Project, and extended conversations that Lemke-Santangelo contacted through her own networks. However, there is no systematic methodology to support her observations and enlarge the scope of the project. At times, however, serendipity may have been as valuable as systematic research. The estate of Irwin Kline, a noted photographer from the era, supplied extraordinary illustrations that captured the spirit of the times. First-rate color reproductions of ornate concert posters and illustrations also add another dimension to written history. After many decades of fading popular and academic visibility, these vivid women come alive once more in Lemke-Santangelo's work. She has looked to the past and opened the door to future research, when emerging feminist standpoint theory and new approaches to social movements will address women of the counterculture and their historical influence.


Objective To explore the clinical value of quantitative analysis of cervical cells exfoliated DNA and TCT check in cervical cancer screening.Methods The clinical data of 885 cases in outpatient and hospitalization,with cervical brush materials,the TCT and DNA methods were used for cervical cancer screening at the same time.Results 885 cases cervical cells exfoliated quantitative analysis method of DNA screening positive cases in 77 cases,the positive rate of coincidence rate,pathological diagnosis,positive predictive value,sensitivity and specificity were respectively 8.70%,74.03%,96.61%,74.03% and 75%;TCT method of screening positive cases and example,its positive detection rate,the pathological diagnosis coincidence rate,the positive predictive value,sensitivity and specificity were respectively 3.84%,70.59%,43.64%,70.59% and 39.22%.Conclusion The pathological diagnosis coincidence rate,the positive predictive value,sensitivity,specific degrees of quantitative analysis of cervical lesions DNA in screening are higher than those of the liquid and thin layer cytology method.


In this paper we present results from measurements on epoxy-based anisotropic and isotropic, electrically conductive adhesives, ACAs and ICAs respectively. We study two different types of connections, a flip-chip bonded silicon test chips and a simple transmission line gap bridged by a copper foil. These measurements are referenced to equivalent solder joints. The silicon chip is a standard test chip. The test chips are mounted on three different substrates, a rigid FR-4 board, flexible board and a high-frequency Teflon-based duroid substrate. We also discuss two electrical models for the connections, an equivalent RC model and a stochastic model, based on random particle distribution. The equivalent electrical model is based on physical considerations and the parameters are then fitted to measurement data in the high frequency CAD tool HP MDS. All the adhesive and solder interconnections are measured before and after temperature cycling and humidity tests. The temperature dependence of the connections S-parameters are also studied in a temperature controlled environment. A HP8510 network analyzer is used to measure scattering parameters. On rigid and flexible boards, the frequency range investigated is 500 MHz to 8 GHz, and on duroid mounted flip-chips and bridges, the range is 1 GHz to 30 GHz. The Thru-Reflect-Line calibration procedure is used to get the best possible calibration. Power testing is used with the Cu bridge assembly to find the maximum power transmission through an electrically conductive adhesive interconnect. This is done at relevant microwave frequencies. Results indicate that the isotropic adhesive interconnections handle high power throughput well. The adhesive joints are subjected to a maximum peak pulsed power of 250 W. Maximum work factor of the pulsed signal is 10%. The effects of different particle sizes and materials in the ACAs are systematically investigated. Three different particle sizes and two particle materials are examined. All adhesives considered show similar electrical properties and are all suitable for adhesive electrical interconnections. The microstructure of the adhesive joints is studied by cross-sectioning using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) before and after temperature cycling.


Through the description of the structure and function of this multi-converter system based on common DC-link bus,the application of multi-converter in dredger use to control 6 sets of winches working with each other is introduced.Each converter drives corresponding winch motor,and each converter can running in electro-motion or regeneration statues,the common DC-link bus can make the energy regenerated between these converters feed each other,make the whole system reliable and flexible,and can fulfill high performance in multi-converter cooperated with each other,with the features of low radiation and energy-efficient.


The increasing demand, rapid consumption, price increase, limited reserves, and environmental concern due to pollution produced by conventional fossil fuel (diesel & gasoline) are a few reasons why biofuels need to be explored. The present paper employs a systematic methodology to examine the performance of a 20% volumetric blend of Sal biodiesel (S20) blended with diesel using α-aluminium oxide (α-Al2O3) nanoparticles (NP) as additives and is compared with a diesel under like circumstances. The central composite design, Box-Behnken design (BBD) based response surface methodology, and desirability tests are used in the organized experiments on a diesel engine configuration to facilitate calibration. The created multivariate regression model yields all of the best engine inputs. Interaction effects are used to determine the most influential element by observing the interaction of two distinct input factors on a single response. According to the desirability tests, the highest estimated desirability was 0.579; the optimal input parameters found are 21°bTDC injection timing (IT), 238 bar injection pressure (IOP), 17 compression ratio (CR), and 74 ppm concentration of α-Al2O3NP, estimated the optimized response of brake thermal efficiency (BHTE) 31.18%, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) 0.2975 kg/kWh, carbon monoxide (CO) 0.0887%, hydrocarbon (HC) 31 ppm, oxide of nitrogen (NOx) 677 ppm, and smoke level 54.92%. These predicted values were validated with experimental results, and errors were within the range. The nanoparticle combination sample offers improved brake thermal efficiency (BTHE) and lower BSFC rate than the S20 while testing for the optimal parametric condition. Graphical abstract [Formula: see text]


Current assessment practices for writing are moving away from the traditional objective test and towards performance-based assessment. The use of picture prompts to elicit writing samples is a common practice but it adds a level of complexity to the writing process. Writing tasks which use pictures to elicit writing samples require the writer to interpret the picture, create meaning from the picture, and then transfer the visual information into a verbal mode of expression. The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of style and color of picture prompts while holding content constant. Four independent variables were investigated: style, (photograph, drawing), color (color, black and white), content (delivery man with a box, cliff rescue), and grade-level (fifth, eighth). Ratings of the students' stories served as the dependent variable. Each story was scored by two raters on three dimensions: narrative, descriptive, and events. These scores were added together to obtain a total score. The overall design was a four factor repeated measures ANOVA with grade level, style, and color as between subject factors and content as a within subject factor. A total of six ANOVAs were conducted, one each for the total score, narrative component, descriptive component, events component, prior events item, and after events item. Results of the ANOVA for total scores indicate that the main effect for content was significant, as was the content by style interaction. The main effects for color and style were not significant, nor did these factors yield significant interactions. Similar results were obtained in the analysis of the narrative and descriptive components. The main effect of content was not significant on the event component due to reversal of mean scores on the two items comprising this component. When ANOVAs were conducted on the two items comprising this component, the main effect for content was significant for both items. Also of interest is that the main effect for grade level was significant for the total scores, descriptive component, events component, and prior events, but was not significant for the narrative component or after events item. URI http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26243 Collections Doctoral Dissertations [14707] If you believe that any material in VTechWorks should be removed, please see our policy and procedure for Requesting that Material be Amended or Removed. All takedown requests will be promptly acknowledged and investigated. Virginia Tech | University Libraries | Contact Us The Effect of Content, Style, and Color of Picture Prompts on Narrative Writing: An Analysis of Fifth and Eighth Grade Students' Writing  This study investigated the effects of 3 different writing tasks (descriptive, narrative, and expository) and 3 different writing prompts (bare, vocabulary, and prose model) on 937 writing samples culled from 330 novice learners enrolled in 15 classes of Levels 1 and 2 high school French. Writing test was used to gather the data needed. Based on the result of the statistic calculation, the result of the pre-test of the experimental class was 49 and the control class was 54 while the result of post-test was 70 for the experimental class and 64 for the control class. The tcount was 4.881 with significant level 0.05. The sample of the study included 90 grade ten students from four different schools in North Batinah. The researchers manipulated the use of a test that


When two or more magnets are operated in series from a common power supply, a shunt path that will bypass a fraction of the current around a magnet mav be used when it is desired to make adjustments in the relative strength of magnets. One reason for using the bypass shunt rather than a separate power supply may be that it is generally less costly to purchase one large power supply than many smaller ones. Another reason may be that less stringent requirements will be imposed on power supply accuracy, because sometimes it is more important to maintain relative than absolute accuracy between magnets. An example is the case of a doublet consisting of a focusing and defocusing quadrupole of strength fI and f? separated by a distance d. For such a system the effective focal length is given by The simplest form of bypass shunt is a resistor in parallel with a magnet. If the temperature rise in the resistor and its temperature coefficient of resistance match those of the magnet that is bypassed, then the ratio between all currents will stay the same for slow changes in temperature 'and power supply voltage. This will not hold true however during transient changes in the circuit, unless also the inductance-resistance ratio of the bvpass resistor matches that of the magnet. With such a resistor it is difficult to adjust the current, hence it is nol: very convenient or flr?tible.2


The method for forming a conductive section (30) in insulating material (10). Insulating material has a carbon (11) and at least one other component (12). The method, the insulating material is irradiated with ions (20), comprising the step of removing the other components preferentially.


A new model for calculating the power input of heating mixers takes better account of the mixer geometry and the properties of the contents than do conventional equations. This novel approach can be used for scaling up mixers to production size.


Objective To investigate the combat readiness capacity of nurses in Armed Police Force(APF) hospitals and to discuss the strategy to improve their combat readiness capacity.Methods From January 2010 to December 2011,the data of combat readiness capacity of 1321 nurses who had participated in major health service of Olympics security,preservation of stability,earthquake relief and flood rescue,National Games security,World Expo security and Asian Games security from 5 Class-III Level-A hospitals and 2 motor division hospital of APF(including soldier nurses,non-commissioned civilian nurses,noncommissioned nurses and contract nurses).Results The survey results showed that the clinical nurses gained the highest scores(3.16±0.85) in clinical nursing capacity in the three dimensions of combat readiness evaluation;compared with the combat readiness,they gained higher scores in the overall scores of the relative sense of identity related to combat readiness and the highest scores were in personal matters/physical fitness/psychosocial readiness(3.96±0.86).Conclusion The combat readiness capacity of the APF nurses needs to be improved,especially in the ability of military action and soldier/survival skills.We need to develop a normative,targeted training program to further improve the quality and effectiveness of the combat readiness training.


Eosinophilic cystitis(EC) is a kind of bladder proliferation disease and rather rare in children.The pathological character shows invasion of huge amounts of eosinophil granulocytes in the total bladder wall.Although it has unknown etiology, but it is widely believed to be involved in allergy.It can appear at any age with a higher incidence in male.Since it was first reported in 1960, there are a total of more than 300 patients reported, about 70 of them are children.The major clinical manifestations are urinary frequency, suprapubic pain during miction, gross or microscopic hematuria, dysuria, nocturia and so forth.Some patients with increased eosinophils in the peripheral blood.It is essential to examine blood routine, urine routine, imaging tests and cystoscopy and defining diagnosis depends on histopathologic biopsy.The self-limiting of EC in children is much stronger.The main therapies for EC are application of corticosteroids, antihistamines and so forth, while feasible operation should be treated when severe complications appear or the disease progress.

Key words:
Eosinophilic cystitis; Diagnosis; Treatment; Urodynamic study


In this paper, the concern is with the management of data traffic after node deployment. To address some of the shortcomings of both single and multihop communication, this paper work with a hybrid model. The WSNet architecture is comprised of three classes of sensor nodes, sensors, relay nodes, and relay gateways. Sensors - gather and send data values to one relay nodes. Relay nodes - receive data values from sensors and/or other relay nodes and forward them to relay nodes or relay gateways. Relay gateways - receive data values from RN and send them directly (in one hop) to the base station, possibly using a dedicated channel. Our goal is to select paths along which data packets can be relayed until they reach one or more relay gateways while satisfying several constraints. These decisions take place at the application level, are computed by a central algorithm running at the base station, and rely on routing protocols to deliver the messages. A fixed topology of directly communicating nodes were assumed and a long term data communication plan based on knowing the amount of data generated by sensor nodes. The optimality of the solution obtained was guaranteed