The current pace of development of cyber-physical systems requires the elaboration of fast methods for analyzing data circulating in them. Anomalies are patterns of data that do not conform to the concept of normal (expected) behavior. The data available on vehicular CAN bus reflects the current state of a vehicle, and it is the product of the engine control system and various sensors. In the present paper, we present software to process data from the CAN bus with the goal to detect anomalies in it. Often the data circulated in a vehicle is vendor-specific, in addition, we consider various methods for finding anomalies, therefore, it is advisable to design extensible software in the form of a software framework. The work is intended for the Jetson Nano platform, but can be run on another embedded Linux platform with restrictions on detection methods. We discuss hardware and software methods to obtain information on current state of the vehicle in real time, and then we briefly study how to implement anomaly analysis methods on the received data. Evaluation of detection methods is not included in the goals of the work; we mainly provide infrastructural methods for receiving data from the bus, decoding it and passing it to an anomaly predictor. Software was implemented in C++ with the ability to run Python code for the prediction, tests were carried out on a Mazda 6 first generation car and its ECU.


The invention relates to a testing device and a testing method of a big diameter sampling grating sampling rate, wherein the testing device of the big diameter sampling grating sampling rate comprises a laser device, a beam splitter, a first integral ball power meter, a second integral ball power meter, a two dimensional scan mirror group used for scanning a big diameter sampling grating and a controlling and collecting processing system. The beam splitter is arranged on an emergent light path of the laser device, the first integral ball power meter is arranged on a transmission light path which passes the beam splitter, the two dimensional scan mirror group is arranged on a reflected light path which passes the beam splitter, the second integral ball power meter is arranged on a -1 level diffraction light path which penetrates a tested sampling grating after passing the two dimensional scan mirror group, and the first integral ball power meter and the second integral ball power meter are respectively connected with the controlling and collecting processing system. According to the testing device and a testing method of a big diameter sampling grating sampling rate, testing problems of the big diameter sampling grating sampling rate are resolved and testing precision is well guaranteed.


India has witnessed rapid strides of development at sustained growth rates of more than 8% and has seen a huge spurt in consumption. Consequently, it has been estimated that the increased consumption may result in the country becoming one of the leading offenders relating to environmental pollution. The textiles industry in India is traditionally one of the worst offenders of pollution, with its small units following outdated technology processes. One opportunity to reduce the environmental impact of clothing industry in India is to concentrate textile production within environmentally certified or eco-labelled clothing. In the absence of existing research, this study investigates whether the urban Indian population would be interested in clothing with eco-labels. The results suggest the existence of a segment of consumers who are positively motivated towards eco-labelled garments. This segment profile is described in terms of demographic and psychographic variables. Managerial implications and future directions are suggested.


The absorbent material article pants type, a first body panel having a side (13) facing the side (12) and the garment facing a human body (16), on the side and the garment body facing a second body panel (17) and having a side facing said first and side facing the human body of the second body panel to form a side connecting portion (19), transverse They are held together by opposed relationship along the direction edges. The article further comprises a first fixing member mounted in the first lateral edge or lateral edge near the hinge side facing the human body on the panel (16) (20), and has a portion (25) not attached to the first body panel, said portion (25), complementary to the first is provided on the side facing the human body of the second body panel (17) re fixably attached to the second fixing member (21). Recess to form a finger grip (27) may be provided in the lateral edge of the first body panel (16).


This study investigated the relationship between jumping-motion and muscle activity during somersaults on a trampoline. Participants were 10 trampoline athletes (3 high-level and 7 middle-level). As for the protocol, the athletes performed a jump continuation of the jumping tucked backward somersault (Back) and the tucked forward somersault with half twist (Barani) on a trampoline. It was measured using an electromyogram (EMG) and video analysis. The jump was defined as "100 ms before touch" 100 ms before the subject landing on the trampoline bed and "Touch" at the moment of landing and "Lowest" at the moment of going down most and "Take off" at the moment of taking off. They were defined as "Before touch phase" from "100 ms before touch" to "Touch", as "Down phase" from "Touch" to "Lowest", and as "Upward phase" from "Lowest" to "Take off". As a result, the trunk inclination angles of both the high- and middle-levels regarding the Back (middle-level 4.3±1.3°, high-level 7.0±2.4°) and the Barani (middle-level 9.2±1.7°, high-level 9.4±1.7°) during the Lowest phase were forward. There were no significant differences. The EMG amplitude of the rectus abdominis (p < 0.05) during the Upward phase and the erector spinae (p < 0.01) during the Before touch phase were significantly higher at the high-level. The trunk was inclined by using the erector spinae such as the high-level between Before 100ms touch and Lowest. Stabilization of the trunk by the activity of the rectus abdominis was the efficient movement of the lower extremity during the Upward phase.


A tree-based classifier of tick presence, developed to estimate the risk of tick-borne diseases, is currently being interfaced and applied with a Geographical Information System (GIS) based on GRASS (USA-CERL Geographic Resources Analysis Support System). Environmental factors (altitude, substratum, vegetation, exposition, etc.) and tick sampling are used to predict occurrence of the parasite Ixodes ricinus on a target territory. A Tcl/Tk interface to GRASS has been developed for regional data from the Sistema Informativo Ambiente Territorio (S.I.A.T.) of the Autonomous Province of Trento. The system predictions are consistent with the current knowledge of tick ecology and can be used for an effective control of tick-borne diseases.


Zircon U-Pb chronology,Hf isotope,whole rock geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotopes are reported for the granodiorite porphyry and the mafic microgranular enclave( MME) from the Baoshan Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit,southern Hunan Province. LA- ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating yields crystallization ages of 156 ~ 158Ma and 155. 2 ± 1. 4Ma for the granodiorite porphyry and MME, respectively,indicating they are coeval. The Baoshan granodiorite porphyry is metaluminous. This porphyry is enriched in LILEs such as K,Rb and U,depleted in Nb,Ti and P,and has an average Nb / Ta ratio of 11. 3. It has initial87Sr /86Sr ratios of 0. 7095 ~ 0. 7115,e Nd( t) values of-7. 3 to-5. 0,t 2DM( Nd) ages of 1. 35Ga to 1. 54Ga,and zircon e Hf( t) values of-14. 0 to-9. 0. The MME is characterized by microgranular texture,oval-like shape,sharp contact with the host rock and darkly chilled margin,and contains needle-like apatite. It has low SiO 2( 55. 46% ~57. 30%) but high K 2 O( 5. 86% ~ 6. 90%). This MME is enriched in LILEs such as Rb,Ba,Th and U,depleted in Nb,Ta and Ti,and has initial87Sr /86Sr ratios of 0. 7062 ~ 0. 7063,e Nd( t) values of-2. 1 ~- 1. 9,zircon e Hf( t) values of-12. 1 ~-4. 7,and relative high Nb/Ta ratio( average of 15. 3). The MME has higher compatible elements,such as Fe,Mg,V and Cr,than the granodiorite. The elemental and isotopic geochemistry suggests that the Baoshan granodiorite porphyry might have been formed by mixing of mafic and felsic member magmas. The mafic member is hydrous and K-rich mafic magma which might be derived from enriched lithospheric mantle source that had been metasomatized by subducting-sediment- derived melts. The felsic member was generated by partial melting of lower crust induced by the underplating of the hydrous and K-rich mafic magma. The MME might be derived from the mafic magma with minor addition of the felsic magma. The modeling using Sr-Nd isotopes shows that the mixture of 20% ~ 30% mafic magma and 70% ~ 80% felsic magma can generate the Baoshan granodiorite porphyry. Inherited zircon with age of 892 ± 20Ma has the e Hf( t) and t DM( Hf) values of +6. 0 and 1. 21Ga,respectively,which is compatible with those of the Neoproterozoic arc magmatic rocks in the eastern Jiangnan Orogenic Belt. Therefore,the Neoproterozoic arc magma might have been involved in the formation of the Baoshan granodiorite porphyry,and the Neoproterozoic arc magma belt and continent-arc collision belt between the Yangtze Block and Cathaysia Block might extend southward from Pingxiang to Chenzhou-Linwu faults. In Early Yanshanian( 190 ~ 150Ma),the Nanling Range has undergone lithosphere extensional and thinning due to the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. The mantle-derived mafic magma underplating into the old lower crust resulted in partial melting of the crust. With the mixing of crust-derived and mantle-derived magmas,extensive granites were generated.


This paper identifies, defines, and analyzes the limitations imposed on Modeling and Simulation by outmoded
paradigms in computer utilization and data analysis. The authors then discuss two emerging capabilities to
overcome these limitations: High Performance Parallel Computing and Advanced Data Analysis. First, parallel
computing, in supercomputers and Linux clusters, has proven effective by providing users an advantage in
computing power. This has been characterized as a ten-year lead over the use of single-processor computers.
Second, advanced data analysis techniques are both necessitated and enabled by this leap in computing power.
JFCOM's JESPP project is one of the few simulation initiatives to effectively embrace these concepts. The
challenges facing the defense analyst today have grown to include the need to consider operations among non-combatant
populations, to focus on impacts to civilian infrastructure, to differentiate combatants from non-combatants,
and to understand non-linear, asymmetric warfare. These requirements stretch both current
computational techniques and data analysis methodologies. In this paper, documented examples and potential
solutions will be advanced. The authors discuss the paths to successful implementation based on their experience.
Reviewed technologies include parallel computing, cluster computing, grid computing, data logging, OpsResearch,
database advances, data mining, evolutionary computing, genetic algorithms, and Monte Carlo sensitivity analyses.
The modeling and simulation community has significant potential to provide more opportunities for training and
analysis. Simulations must include increasingly sophisticated environments, better emulations of foes, and more
realistic civilian populations. Overcoming the implementation challenges will produce dramatically better insights,
for trainees and analysts. High Performance Parallel Computing and Advanced Data Analysis promise increased
understanding of future vulnerabilities to help avoid unneeded mission failures and unacceptable personnel losses.
The authors set forth road maps for rapid prototyping and adoption of advanced capabilities. They discuss the
beneficial impact of embracing these technologies, as well as risk mitigation required to ensure success.


As we approach the 1-year anniversary of the deadliest natural disaster in the history of the Western Hemisphere, a Haitian American neurologist reflects on his experience aboard the USNS Comfort.

I walked onto the 2 Forward (Pediatrics) ward to see a young girl, hearing the familiar sounds of Haitian spirituals being sung. The girl was screaming. I had seen her the previous night in the casualty receiving area when the pediatric surgeon was discussing the need for an amputation of one of her legs. Although she was 8 years old, I thought she did not follow the discussion. In retrospect, I realize that she understood but had the stoicism that was common among the Haitian patients we were treating on the USNS Comfort after the Haitian earthquake. Her mother, though, had refused consent for amputation, largely based on strict instructions from the girl's father.

When I arrived at her bedside on 2 Forward, someone from the physical therapy team was trying to work with her and she was screaming "Pa coupe jambe mwen, pa coupe jambe mwen"—"Don't cut off my leg." It was not the first time I had seen a patient on the Comfort fear …


Every graph has at least two vertices of same degree. But it not true for cohypergraphs. This paper proves that every 3uniform cohypergraphs, H1, can be embedded into a totaly irregular 3uniform cohypergraphs, H, with (H1)=(H). This result also guarantees the existence of a totaly irregular cohypergraphs.


Since the second half of the 20th century an uncontrolled and generalized growth of historic urban centres takes place, based on anarchic town-planning that causes a break with the natural evolutionary process of these cities. Our proposal aims to make a commitment with the new contemporary urban development models, in search for characteristic links that reestablish the natural growth and transformation of the landscape. Therefore, we have designed the investigation project on the specific case of the Valencian Historic Huerta (fertile, irrigated area), (located at Campanar). We analyze its urban fabric as well as the elements that have determined its growth over the years while we respect its original appearance.


Seventy-four patients with glioblastoma multiforme were treated with radiotherapy; all but 5 also underwent prior craniotomy. The authors found that split-course treatments produced less favorable results than conventional fractionation, particularly when high doses were employed. Short-term survival was not improved by this approach. Total doses of 1,400-1,700 rets yielded the best survival rate.


Six out of 10 consultants in England who voted have agreed to a new NHS contract that will change the way they work.

Slightly fewer specialist registrars were in favour of the new brokered deal, with 55% of those who voted saying yes.

The result is a reversal of the first ballot on the new contract last November, when 66% of consultants and 84% of specialist registrars rejected the offer ( BMJ 2002;325: 1053) and threatened to take industrial action if …


Abstract The simplest way to describe the dependence for a set of financial assets is their correl-ation matrix. This correlation matrix can be improper when it is specified element-wise.We describe a new method for obtaining a positive definite correlation matrix startingfrom an improper one. The expert's opinion and trust on each pairwise correlation is de-scribed by a beta distribution. Then, by combining these individual distributions, a jointdistribution over the space of positive definite correlation matrices is obtained using theCholesky factorisation, and its mode constitutes the new proper correlation matrix. Theoptimisation is complemented by a visual representations of the entries that were mostaffected by the legalisation procedure. We also sketch a Bayesian approach to the sameproblem.Front page photo © www.clipart.com 2009.Keywords Bayesian inference, beta distribution, expert opinions,nearness problem, positive semidefinite matrixTarget groupAvailability OpenProject SFI02-RiskProject number 220302Research field Finance, insurance and commoditiesNumber of pages 19© Copyright Norwegian Computing Center


Objective To clarify the role of the virtual reality (VR) in the training of trans- femoral cerebral angiography for novices without any experience of intravascular manipulation. Methods Twenty-four novices without experiences of intravascular manipulation were divided into 2 groups (VR group or control group) with random pair method concerning the age, gender and subjects. The par- ticipants in control group were trained in routine manners while those in VR group practiced on a simulator and subsequently participated in real angiography once as assistants. Real angiography tests were performed for all participants after the training session and additional angiography tests were per- formed for VR group just after the stimulation session on the simulator. Real angiography tests were supervised and scored according to a modified rating scale by neuroradiological experts who were blinded to the novices' training procedures. Difference between the real test performance of the two groups were compared by pared-samples t test, while the correlation between the performance of the real tests and simulator tests of VR group was proved by Pearson correlation analysis. P〈0.05 was con-sidered statistically significant. Results The mean scores of VR group were (27.6± 3.6) and (26.4 ± 3.8) in the tests on simulator and real angiography tests respectively, while score of control group was (21.2 ± 3.4) in the real angiography tests. A positive correlation was revealed in VR group between performance on the simulator and that on real patients (r=0.825, P=0.001). Real performance of the VR group was significantly better than that of control group (P=0.010). Conclusions Virtual reality could ensure transfer of acquired endovascnlar skills from simulators to patients so as to become a valid tool for novices to improve the interventional techniques in tranfemoral cerebral angiography.

Key words:
Virtual reality technology;  Neuroradiological interventional therapy;  Cerebralangiography;  Simulator


Based on a convective gravity wave drag parameterization scheme in a Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) model, previously proposed near-cloud turbulence (NCT) diagnostics for better detecting turbulence near convection are tested and evaluated by using global in situ flight data and outputs from operational global NWP model of the Korea Meteorological Administration for one year (from December 2016 to November 2017). For comparison, eleven widely used clear air turbulence (CAT) diagnostics currently used in operational NWP-based aviation turbulence forecasting systems are separately computed. For selected cases, NCT diagnostics predict more accurately localized turbulence events over convective regions with better intensity, which is clearly distinguished from the turbulence areas diagnosed by conventional CAT diagnostics that they mostly failed to forecast with broad areas and low magnitudes. Although overall performance of NCT diagnostics for whole one year is lower than conventional CAT diagnostics due to the fact that NCT diagnostics exclusively focus on the isolated NCT events, adding the NCT diagnostics to CAT diagnostics improves the performance of aviation turbulence forecasting. Especially in the summertime, performance in terms of an area under the curve (AUC) based on probability of detection statistics is the best (AUC = 0.837 with a 4% increase, compared to conventional CAT forecasts) when the mean of all CAT and NCT diagnostics is used, while performance in terms of root mean square error is the best when the maximum among combined CAT and single NCT diagnostic is used. This implies that including NCT diagnostics to currently used NWP-based aviation turbulence forecasting systems should be beneficial for safety of air travel.


SACJ has made good progress since I took over as editor in mid-2012, with a steady flow of issues published to our advertised schedule of two per year in each of July and December, with the occasional special issue. My current 5-year term ends in mid-2022 and the SAICSIT Council will initiate a search process in good time to identify a new editor-in-chief, either out of the current team or a new person. If a new person is appointed, they will be invited to serve as an editor for at least a year before taking over. My plan is to make being editor-in-chief an attractive job. In this editorial I look at how SACJ views its role in the promotion of African scholarship, the process of accepting extended papers from the SAICSIT 2018 conference, some changes in our editorial team and future developments.


The ecosystems surveys branch of the Northeast Fisheries Science Center of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is engaged in an ongoing effort to more fully characterize and understand the behavior of trawl nets while they are being fished. Survey results are critical inputs to population dynamics models of the northeast fishery. The models, in turn, contribute to the setting of fishery policy and strongly influence the local economy. During cruises in February and March of 2004 we mounted a MAVS-3 acoustic current meter on the head rope of a bottom trawl net and recorded the net-relative flow, attitude, and heading. Observations from the March cruise on NOAA fisheries research vessel Delaware II are reported here. The measurements show strong dynamic variations in the flow around the net that are directly forced by the motion of the vessel.


For more than three decades, women at imminent risk of preterm birth (PTB) in Western Australia have been transferred by small aircraft over long distances to the single tertiary level perinatal centre in Perth, with no known case of birth during the flight. We aimed to review recent experience to understand how aircraft travel may delay PTB.


Cecil Rhodes wanted to build a railroad from Cape Town to Cairo in order to subjugate the continent. Now we want to build an information super-highway from Cape to Cairo which will liberate the continent [11].


This paper reports on communication apprehension or speech anxiety in relation to oral communication activities conducted in a maritime ESP class in Manila, Philippines. The study attempted to determine levels of communication anxiety and perceived communication competence among the students, and possible correlations with particular speech tasks. Speech performance scores were obtained through teacher and peer grading. The results indicate that students' performances varied in relation to the type of speech task, and that their perceptions about their communicative abilities were almost independent of the teacher or peer grades given to them. Since the study is exploratory, it is recommended that it be replicated in other ESP classes that require extensive application or use of the students' oral communication skills.


Sphere unfolding relationships are revisited with a specific focus on the analysis of segmented digital images of microstructures. Since the features of such images are most easily quantified by counting pixels, the required equations are re-derived in terms of the histogram of areas (instead of diameters or radii) as inputs and it is shown that a substitution can be made that simplifies the calculation. A practical method is presented for utilizing negative number fraction bins (which sometimes arise from erroneous assumptions and/or insufficient numbers of observations) for the creation of error bars. The complete algorithm can be implemented in a spreadsheet. The derived unfolding equations are explored using both linear and logarithmic binning schemes, and the pros and cons of both binning schemes are illustrated using simulated data. The effects of the binning schemes on the stereological results are demonstrated and discussed with reference to their consequences for practical materials characterization situations, allowing for the suggestion of guidelines for proper application of this, and other, distribution-free stereological methods.


Rescue excavation between 1988 and 1990 in advance of river erosion examined a substantial part of the small medieval rural hospital of St Giles by Brompton Bridge and later post-medieval farm. Established in the latter half of the twelfth century for the infirm, including lepers, the hospital layout consisted of a detached stone chapel adjacent to the river crossing, with a timber hall to the west. This hall was destroyed by fire, and a sequence of timber buildings were then constructed in adjacent areas. By the fifteenth century these structures also included a stone building, possibly a refectory. The first small chapel was replaced in the thirteenth century by a larger structure, which went through a period of expansion and then subsequent contraction by the fifteenth century. Only in the fourteenth century were a hall, probably a guesthouse or the master's lodgings, and dovecote built adjacent to the chapel. The cemetery to the south of the chapel was partially examined. The site appears to have been...


Introduction: Scientific analyses of rocks and minerals using diverse techniques are essential for understanding the origin and evolution of a rocky planetary body. Rocks and minerals of Martian surface have to be analysed in detail as our knowledge of surface evolution and composition of Mars is mostly confined to the interpretation of the results from payloads in orbiters, landers and rovers. The surface and subsurface samples of Martian surface, if available, could be analysed, dated and interpreted in scientific means in order to further understand the origin and evolution of Mars.Though the nature of tectonism is a debatable topic for Martian researchers many scientists consider that the Valles Marineris is a structural remnant of tectonic activity which had been prevailed on Mars[1]. Abundant mineralogical and structural evidences for past fluvial activities have been noticed from Valles Marineris region. As northern lowlands were preferred landing sites for the missions that accomplished the aim of landing on Mars, the knowledge regarding Southern Highlands and Valles Marineris is only through the orbital data. Landing on Valles Marineris and subsequent analysis of rock samples can address important scientific aspects of tectonics and aqueous processes. Eos Chaos is a potential location on Eastern part of Valles Marineris. It is evident that the Eos chaos along with other eastern segments of Valles Marineris have experienced fluvial processes for a considerable period [2,3].


The very existence of history as a discipline is being threatened by a variety of factors, but,
despite this threat, many historians still argue that it holds a key position in a dynamically
changing South Africa. However, in order to secure this position, teachers of history will need
to provide evidence that it has accommodated the current changes taking place in higher
education. While a number of curriculum development initiatives have taken place in the
discipline, in many cases, this has not been reflected by related changes in assessment
practices, which still reflect a traditional epistemology. If the academic community is to believe
that the discipline of history is serious about adapting to the current changes in South African
education, history needs to provide evidence that its epistemologies are also adapting.


Kulon Progo Regency is a district with a high case rate of 14.9 percent in 2021. Stunting is a disease that is the government's focus because it can threaten the nation's future generations. Stunting reduction efforts in Kulon Progo are mapped based on areas involving villages that are the locus of stunting. Handling stunting within the scope of Kulon Progo Regency is still carried out through two handling interventions: specific nutrition interventions to address direct causes and nutrition-sensitive interventions to address indirect causes. The handling of stunting cases in Kulon Progo Regency is also carried out by involving information technology. However, the use of this media has yet to be considered optimal and massive, which is shown by the lack of use by the community and related service delivery units. For this reason, through this development research activity, the proposer conduct a study on the opportunities and constraints of implementing the digital ecosystem, especially in accelerating stunting handling. This is so that monitoring and providing assistance to survivors and prevention can be carried out optimally and according to needs.


This paper presents a novel technique to visualize in 3D objects extracted from multi-spectral satellite images. At the beginning, a thematic map of the original image is obtained by assessing the quality and correcting geometric errors. This map is then classified to identify the features of interest. A Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) surface is generated from this extracted feature in order to visualize the object in 3D. The results indicate an overall classification accuracy of eighty percent.


Morningstar Ratings have demonstrated some modest predictive information about performance. However, most individual investors will probably be very surprised about what kind of predictive information the stars provide. The stars have been a mild predictor of inferior performance. However, investors act as if the stars predict superior future performance, yet they may contain no such information. Some individual investors seem to use Morningstar Ratings* as a shorthand selector of superior future mutual fund performance.1 Mutual funds with 4 and 5 star ratings have garnered the vast majority of new fund investment money. (See: Do mutual fund Morningstar Ratings changes influence individual investors?) Furthermore, mutual fund companies promote higher star rated funds heavily, but not lower star rated funds. In fact, often the only performance information that many mutual funds supply in their advertising are 4 or 5 star Morningstar Ratings. (See: How Morningstar Ratings for mutual funds are used as a marketing tool) In their study, "Morningstar Ratings and Mutual Fund Performance," Professor Christopher Blake of Fordham University and Professor Matthew Morey of Pace University analyzed the predictive powers of the Morningstar Ratings.2 In line with other scientific finance studies of mutual fund performance, Professors Blake and Morey found that mutual funds with low star ratings – particularly 1 star funds – were more likely to continue their below average performance in the future. However, in the midand higher-ranges of fund performance, there was little statistical evidence of any real differences in future performance between funds with 5, 4, and 3 star ratings. Funds rated 3, 4, and 5 stars account for 67.5% or about 2/3 of all funds. Differences in future performance between them were trivial. Professors Blake and Morey used Morningstar's data for 1992 to 1997 and focused most of their analysis on "seasoned" domestic equity funds that had at least 10 years of return information for the study period. They also used all star rated funds in 1993 for certain comparisons. Professors Blake and Morey were careful to ensure that they included all mutual funds in their analysis. They tracked down and determined what had happened to any fund that had gone out of business or was merged into another fund, during the study period. By doing this, they ensured that the data did not suffer from "survivorship bias." Survivorship bias can significantly distort the conclusions of investment return studies, if it is not accounted for properly. They also made appropriate load adjustments to returns, since Morningstar makes adjustments that allow it to combine loaded and no-load funds, when it calculates the star ratings. About half of the funds in the 1993 sample had front-end loads. Note that sales loads tend to lead to suboptimal fund performance. (See: Avoid mutual funds with sales commissions and 12b-1 fees) Professors Blake and Morey compared the predictive abilities of the star ratings with four performance predictors that are commonly used in the scientific investment literature. These alternate predictors were: ->average monthly historical returns, which they termed a "naive predictor" ->the Sharpe Ratio ->the Jensen single index alpha ->a four-index alpha, which was composed of a) the market, b) a bond index, c) small versus large capitalization, and d) growth versus value. For the 1992 to 1997 "seasoned"


The invention relates to the use as coupling agent, in a method of self-binding particles by grinding in an aqueous medium of at least one latex and at least one mineral material, an aqueous solution of a water-soluble copolymer totally or partially acid, present during the milling step. This copolymer consists of at least one anionic ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and at least one ethylenically unsaturated oxyalkylated monomer terminated by a hydrophobic chain alkyl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, aryl having from 10 to 32 carbon atoms.


It has been recognized that the shear capacity of old bridges can play a crucial/key role in evaluating their structural safety. Determination of the shear capacity of critical cross‐sections presents a much greater challenge than the assessment of their bending capacity.


Biosolids from waste water treatment facilities applied to soils not only add plant nutrients, but also increase infiltration and decrease runoff and erosion. Wet biosolids from New York, NY, were surface applied at 0 to 90 Mg ha−1 dry weight to soils near El Paso, Tex. Simulated rainfall intensities of 16.4 cm hr−1 for 30 minutes applied to 0.5 m2 soil plots yielded initial infiltration rates of ~16 cm hr−1 for all plots. Biosolids applications extended the duration of the initially high infiltration rates. After 30 minutes, infiltration rates for bare soil were 3 cm hr−1 without and 10 cm hr−1 with 90 Mg biosolids ha−1. Applied biosolids, plant litter, surface gravel, and plant base contributed surface cover, which absorbed raindrop energy and reduced erosion. Biosolids increased cumulative infiltration on the vegetated, wet soils more than for the dry or bare soils. Biosolids increased cumulative infiltration from 2 to 6 cm on a bare gravelly soil and from 9.3 to 10.6 cm on a vegetated soil.


This article takes the reformation of Datong Exhibition Hall as an example to discuss issues related to reformation and reutilization of historic architectures.


Ever since Francis Drake entered the Pacific Ocean in the Golden Hind in 1578-1579, the Pacific Ocean has never been what its name implies?Pacific. That was the beginning of changing the Pacific Ocean from a 'Spanish LakeJ into an area of international rivalry. In turn nearly all the "great European Powers" contested for that vast area. In fact the contest finally resulted in a "swirl of the nations" until, the swirling ended, there remained just England and the United States which still hold the area. But that is chiefly the area north of California. California, which generally represents the northwestern effective frontier of Spanish ownership, however, played a less important role in that greater story of expansion and international rivalry for the Pa cific until the latter part of the colonial regime. In itself, California was effectively occupied by the Spanish only after heavy pressure of international rivalry. Basically claims had been established to California. Drake had taken possession of the California area in the name of Her Majesty, Good Queen Bess. Spain, of course, claimed all the area as its own by virtue of Papal decree, but that dictate neither France, Holland nor England


Titanium addition to steel creates various forms of non-metallic inclusions such as oxide, nitride, carbide, and sulphide, depending on the steel composition. The effect of these non-metallic inclusions to microstructure and mechanical properties of solid steel is quite important to understand to produce steel with desired properties.1) Moreover, TiOx inclusions easily get agglomerate and forms clusters by decreasing the final steel properties and causes a severe submerged entry nozzle clogging problem during continuous casting of Ti-bearing steel. To understand this phenomenon thoroughly, accurate knowledge on thermodynamics and phase equilibria in the Al–Ti–O and Fe–Al–Ti–O system is crucial. The present author (Jung et al.2)) already performed the comprehensive critical evaluation and optimization of the Al–Ti–O (Al2O3–Ti2O3–TiO2) system and presented the inclusion stability diagram of the Fe–Al–Ti–O system for better understanding the inclusion chemistry in Ti-bearing and Al-killed steel. In the previous study, Al2TiO5 and Ti3O5 were treated as separate stoichiometric phases. However, it is found out that both solid phases belong to pseudobrookite solid solution, which will be discussed later. Coupled Experimental Study and Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al2O3–Ti2O3–TiO2 System


Maximizing productivity is one of the most critical factors for competitiveness in the manufacturing industry. Needless to say, the semiconductor industry, in which the automation rate is relatively high and the manufacturing process continues 24 h a day, requires high productivity to be maintained. This paper is about a model that analyzes the cause of an increase in time needed for the whole photolithography process and automatically classifies it in real-time by machine learning. The time analytics model based on a k-means algorithm divides the processing time into four hundred detailed time steps and classifies causes through normalizing and clustering processes. Further, true/false measures of performance were employed based on the confusion matrix. To increase the accuracy of the model, the classified cause becomes a source for creating a new algorithm that can detect problems quickly and accurately. A small number of wafers that the system has failed to classify has accumulated in the database to increase the frequency of occurrence. As a result of evaluating the time analytics model in the photolithography extreme ultraviolet (EUV) equipment, the model has classified 98.6% of the wafers that exceed the limitation. Continuous updates of new phenomena that will be generated from advanced technologies will be more important than the current classification ability. We are accumulating unclassified data for a sustainable system and will continue to classify by synthesizing new phenomena. Data classified in real-time with high accuracy become a steppingstone for maintaining high productivity. Production equipment and processes are developed to enhance individual characteristics. Nevertheless, a data mining method that divides the process time can also be widely used in manufacturing processes of other fields.


Bulk MnZn spinel-ferrite compacts are commonly used in the medium range frequency applications, while their nanoparticle (NP) counter parts are envisaged for biomedical applications like drug delivery, magnetic hyperthermia treatments and magnetic resonance imaging. It is now established that the magnetic properties of NPs depend on the method of synthesis, particle size, cat-ion distribution and composition. In bulk ferrites the competition between the two sub-lattice magnetization generates interesting M-T curves while in NPs undergo further changes as a function of temperature due to superparamagnetic (SPM) and surface spin effects. Although the SPM limit of the particles is reported to be ~20 nm, it is observed that the blocking temperature (TB) increases with Mn concentration. However, when NPs are heat treated at higher temperatures the TB increased for Zn-ferrite while it is decreased for Silica-coated Zn-ferrite NPs. In this work we investigate low temperature magnetic properties of MnxZn1-xFe2O4 (x=0.0 and 0.6) ferrites NPs in comparison with their bulk counterpart to obtain deeper understanding into the nature of transition temperature. Further we delve upon the origin of the magnetic transition observed in these systems.


Objective:To observe the effect of BN on serum MDA and SOD of patients with ischemic cerebral infarction.Methods: The patients with ischemic cerebral infarction aged 50~70.They were divided into 3 groups: acute, recovery and control groups. There were 30 patients in every group. The fasting blood was picked in the lst day ,the 2nd week and the end of the 2nd month, respectively.The serum MDA content and RBC SOD activity were detected. Results: The serum MDA content after experiment was lower than that before experiment in acute and recovery groups. There was significant difference in acute group (P0.05), but not in recovery group.The RBC SOD activity after experiment was higher than that before and middle experiment in acute recovery groups.Conclusion: BN had antioxidant properties which can increase the activity of SOD in blood of the patients with ischemic cerebral infarction and decrease the content of lipid peroxidant MDA.


Introduction: In this review, the analysis of technologies for obtaining biologically active proteins from various sources is carried out, and the comparative analysis of technologies for creating producers of biologically active proteins is presented. Special attention is paid to genetically modified animals as bioreactors for the pharmaceutical industry of a new type. The necessity of improving the technology of development transgenic rabbit producers and creating a platform solution for the production of biological products is substantiated.
 The advantages of using TrB for the production of recombinant proteins: The main advantages of using TrB are the low cost of obtaining valuable complex therapeutic human proteins in readily accessible fluids, their greater safety relative to proteins isolated directly from human blood, and the greater safety of the activity of the native protein.
 The advantages of the mammary gland as a system for the expression of recombinant proteins: The mammary gland is the organ of choice for the expression of valuable recombinant proteins because milk is easy to collect in large volumes.
 Methods for obtaining transgenic animals: The modern understanding of the regulation of gene expression and the discovery of new tools for gene editing can increase the efficiency of creating bioreactors for animals and help to obtain high concentrations of the target protein.
 The advantages of using rabbits as bioreactors producing recombinant proteins in milk: The rabbit is a relatively small animal with a short duration of gestation, puberty and optimal size, capable of producing up to 5 liters of milk per year per female, receiving up to 300 grams of the target protein.


Software product lines and related approaches, like software factories, are starting to capture the attention of the industry practitioners. Nevertheless, their adoption outside the research community and big companies is still very restricted. We believe that model-driven approaches, like OMG's MDA, with proper tool support, can bring the advantages of product lines to a broader audience. In this thesis we propose an approach to achieve this goal in which modeling is inspired by UML and automation is based on metamodeling and transformation languages using publicly available tools.


level or as a useful reference book for the applied researcher or practitioner. Speaking as a practitioner, I found many parts of the book to be extremely useful. The main aims of the book are to give a brief coverage of the major MCMC methods for sampling from posterior distributions and then focus extensively on methods for computing posterior quantities of interest. Topics such as marginal densities, ratios of normalizing constants, constrained parameter estimation, highest posterior density intervals, and methods for model comparison and selection are given thorough treatment in separate chapters of the book. The book begins by describing several datasets that are used throughout the book as examples. These cover a variety of types of data and are useful support for a number of diverse types of models throughout the book. A number of references point the interested reader to standard analyses of these data that can be used for comparison with the Bayesian techniques described later in the text. Chapter 2 gives an overview of the main techniques used in MCMC sampling. The Ž rst section starts out with the Gibbs sampler. Detailed examples of its use for a bivariate normal model and then for a constrained regression problem in which the model coefŽ cients are constrained to be increasing are thorough and comprehensive. Equally thorough discussions of the Metropolis– Hastings algorithm, the hit-and-run algorithm, and the multiple-try Metropolis algorithm follow. A nice feature of this section is the use of different algorithms on the same set of example data. The chapter continues covering methods used to improve the efŽ ciency of MCMC sampling. The section on grouping, collapsing, and reparameterization gives several different algorithms for dealing with ordinal response models. I found this section of the book to be the most useful because of the clear exposition of the algorithms and the detailed description of the steps taken in the MCMC sampling. The chapter goes on to discuss acceleration, a random direction importance sampler that is a step toward a "black box" sampling algorithm, and Ž nally, some material on convergence diagnostics. Chapter 3 begins the main part of the text, covering basic Monte Carlo methods for estimating posterior quantities. Chapter 4 covers methods for estimating posterior marginal densities and includes several detailed proofs. Chapter 5 gives an overview of methods used for estimating ratios of normalizing constants. Importance sampling, path sampling, bridge sampling, and variations of each are all discussed. Extensions to problems of differing dimensions are also covered. A detailed application of these techniques to choose between various link functions in a generalized linear model is presented. Chapter 6 extends the concepts explored in Chapter 5 to problems that involve constraints on parameters. This chapter gives a brief overview of the beneŽ ts of calculating normalizing constants for constrained parameter problems and then launches into two detailed examples. Chapter 7 proceeds similarly covering calculation of Bayesian credible and HPD intervals. The remaining chapters treat a variety of special topics in MCMC modeling. Chapter 8 covers approaches for comparing nonnested models, Chapter 9 gives an extensive treatment of Bayesian variable selection techniques, and Chapter 10 gives a sampling of other topics. The book ends with over 280 references. Every chapter ends with several exercises. Unfortunately, many of them look as if they would take an entire semester to complete. Typically they involve constructing several alternative algorithms for analyzing the data and comparing them. Given that excellent programming proŽ ciency is necessary, not to mention the time required to run the analyses an adequate number of iterations, it seems a student would have to devote full time to this single course to have any hope of completing many of the exercises. The book Ž lls an important niche by pulling together a wide variety of material that is usually only available in diverse journals and technical reports. The topics are given a thorough mathematical treatment and the detailed examples make it possible for someone without rigorous mathematical training to implement many of the described algorithms. The step-by-step logic behind each method and the wide variety of topics covered makes this a valuable reference book for anyone who regularly works with Bayesian models.


The article presents the results of the field experiment aimed at determining the effective modes of microwave heating and their impact on sowing quality, field germination, infection reduction, spread and development of diseases during the growing season, quality and yield of products. In the process of results interpretation, the data on the barley yield were obtained which showed that the increase, relative to the control option, can be obtained at all power levels from 180 to 900 W and exposure equal to 30 seconds. But the most effective is the option at P = 540 W and τ = from 30 to 60 s which gave the greatest biological effect, relying on the statistical processing. As a result, the method of microwave heating in the field conditions has a positive effect on the formation of the yield structure main elements, the significant reduction in infection and the increased grain germination.


This paper is an attempt to study the reacting time and temperature of benzoylation affecting the detection of polyamines,and the detecting method for polyamines in Citrus callus with reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography.Reacting 30 min at 37 ℃ were the optimal benzoylation conditions.Chromatographic separation was performed in Waters C18 column(4.6×250 mm,5 μm) with the thermostat at 30 ℃,using a methanol-water(64∶36, volume ratio) mixture as mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.7mL/min,and the eluate was monitored with a G1314A UV detector at 230 nm.Quantities were calculated with external standards.The method was found to be sensitive and accurate.


In this graduation thesis has made an assessment of rental one bedroom apartments in relation to different distance from Ljubljana. Analyzed are freely formed rent one bedroom apartment on the route Ljubljana - Vrhnika - Logatec and the cost of driving to work in Ljubljana. The calculation of transport costs were taken into account as a means of transport by train, bus, car and bicycle. We wanted to know whether the differences in the average rent in the discussed locations go beyond the individual cost of driving to work, or at what distance from Ljubljana would rational renter has rented a one bedroom apartment. With the help of the basic descriptive statistics, we analyzed the obtained data and compared it. Based on the analysis, we found that the present pattern of differences in average rents do not exceed individual costs driving to work for the busy pair. This means that the student pair is most profitable to rent an apartment in the municipality of Logatec if the means of transport chose bus or train. If they choose the car fot the means of transport turns out that one bedroom apartment with transport costs in the municipality of Ljubljana - Part Vic is cheaper compared to renting apartment with transport costs in the municipality of Logatec. For the busy pair is the best rent a one-bedroom apartment in the municipality of Ljubljana - Part Vic, as the transport costs in other areas considered higher than the difference in rents.


structural element of one hearth and one microlith concentration that Grm identifies. All readers, however, will very likely applaud Grarn's effort in this work of trying to identify spatial patterning, aiid re(:ognizing that such patterns may contain information about social organization. Anybody who has tried to draw together quantitative data from a wide range of excavations undertaken with different methods and reported in different formats, will appreciate the problems that G r ~ n faced and recognize his accomplishment. For all my criticisms and quibbles I certainly do so myself, finding this an inspiring book. STEVEN MITHEN Department of Archaeology, University of Reading


This study examined the distribution of blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) in injured drivers 65 and older and the relationship of older-driver BAC to driving record and crash responsibility. Researchers conducted a retrospective examination of 11 years of data from the Oregon Trauma Registry. The data showed substantial differences in BAC reporting by age for trauma patients in general, and for those treated because of injuries sustained as a driver in a crash. All patients 65 and older, including crash-involved drivers, had a significantly lower rate of BAC testing than did all other age groups. The Trauma Registry data showed that approximately 10% of all BAC tested, crash-involved drivers over 65 had measurable (positive) BACs. Of those who tested positive, BACs in excess of the illegal per se limit were common; 60.3% had BACs at or above .160 g/dL. Results also showed older drivers with positive BACs at the time of their crashes had notably worse driving records than their crash-involved peers with negative BACs (<0.02). A responsibility analysis revealed that in nearly all cases crash responsibility was attributed to older drivers when those drivers had positive BACs. The much higher responsibility level of older drivers with positive BACs highlights the influence that alcohol produces above and beyond the effects of aging alone. Overall, the study results suggest that drivers over 65 are less likely than their younger counterparts to test positive for alcohol after a crash that requires treatment at a trauma center. When older drivers do test positive, however, their BACs are generally high -- well above the illegal per se limit for driving. Moreover, the strong relationship between older drivers' BAC and their prior driving records and crash responsibility highlight the need to focus more attention on countermeasures for drinking drivers 65 and older.


This paper reviews prawn trawl innovations investigated by a collaboration between the Australian Maritime College – University of Tasmania and Sterling Trawl Gear Services over recent years. The review covers work on (i) implementing high strength netting in commercial trawls; (ii) quantifying drag due to T0 vs. T45 mesh orientation; (iii) the 'W' trawl system with reduced drag achieved by enhanced redirection of netting drag from the wings (and otter boards) onto centre-line 'tongues'; (iv) batwing otter board with sail technology for superior lift-to-drag ratio; and (v) an alternative fuel-efficient steering mechanism.


Substance abuse problems in the workforce, particularly among health care professionals, have historically been ignored. However, substance abuse is one of the most pressing problems facing health care professionals and the patients they treat. It adversely affects public health, safety, and economic productivity. Alcohol and other drug problems often go unrecognized and thus untreated, resulting in many deaths and illnesses. The National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area program data on psychiatric and substance use epidemiology in populations estimated that the lifetime prevalence of alcohol disorders in the United States is 23.8% for men and 4.7% for women. The overall lifetime prevalence of drug abuse and dependency has been estimated at 6.2%.Schoenborn reports that 43% of U.S. adults have been exposed to alcoholism because of having grown up with, marrying, or having a blood relative affected by the disease.


ABSTRACT It is important to understand the role that anticipatory grief may have in moderating the interaction between relationship quality and marital and life satisfaction to help improve the awareness among professionals when identifying challenges individuals may experience while providing care to their romantic partner. This awareness may then lead to new ways of providing education or intervention to caregivers that may result in higher quality of care to individuals with dementia. The purpose of this study was to provide increasing awareness by evaluating the moderating role of anticipatory grief between perceptions of the relationship and marriage and life satisfaction. The sample of this study consisted of 90 spousal caregivers of individuals with dementia. Multiple regression was used and it was found that attachment and perceived closeness significantly predict satisfaction with life and marriage. Tests of moderation did not demonstrate that anticipatory grief served as a moderator for marital satisfaction or life satisfaction. The findings from the study provide information related to informing and structuring interventions and psychoeducation activities for spousal caregivers.


For the power converters of fuel cell electric vehicles, there is a great need for less component stress, smaller component size and higher efficiency. The paper presents a typical configuration of FCEV powertrains, and proposes a novel buck-boost cascaded topology for high power applications. It offers better performance compared with the single-switch buck-boost converters, such as buck-boost, CUK, Zeta, SEPIC circuit. Also, the operating principles and the parameters of the buck-boost cascaded converter are analyzed. The simulation results show that the converter has excellent electrical characteristics, and is suitable for FCEV applications.


On the first floor of South Tapiola Upper Secondary School in Espoo, Finland, students have a room that's all their own. Like many student lounges in American schools, this room has couches and a television equipped with a game unit. Nicknamed "the dungeon" by students, the room, at the end of a short hallway, has low lighting and feels cavelike with no windows. Students are free to visit the lounge anytime they're not in class. No adult monitors who's in the room or what students do while they're there. Aside from the lack of adult supervision, what makes the room different from one you'd find in an American high school is its door. From top to bottom, the door is plastered with images of leggy and scantily clad 1940s-style pinup girls. With breasts nearly tumbling out of their lingerie, the women are in suggestive poses, although nothing as provocative as you'd find in American magazines today. Nonetheless, a group of American educators traveling together on a PDK International visit to Finnish schools was startled by the artwork on the door, each of us remarking that no American high school would tolerate such a display. After our tour ended, I asked Harri Rintaaho, the school's head (the equivalent of an American principal), about the lounge and the door. He knew nothing about the door because he said he'd never been in the student lounge. "I promised to let the students run that room the way they wanted" so he had no need to interfere, he said. But, since the American visitors asked about it, Rintaaho said he would go and take a look at the room. "I will talk with the students about this. I trust that they will make the right decision," he said. Trust and responsibility Virtually every examination of the so-called Finnish miracle in education has pointed to trust and responsibility as equal partners in the transformation of its education system from being an also-ran into a leader in international rankings. But a miracle it is not. The nation took a hard look at its education system several decades ago, found it deficient, and set out to improve it. "Today's Finnish education policies are a result of three decades of systematic, mostly intentional, development that has created a culture of diversity, trust, and respect within Finnish society, in general, and within its education system, in particular," writes Pasi Sahlberg in Finnish Lessons (Teachers College Press, 2011, p. 105). "The Finnish Way is a professional and democratic path to improvement that grows from the bottom, steers from the top, and provides support and pressure from the sides." Adds Leo Pahkin, counsellor of education at the Finnish National Board of Education, "We are lucky that our (political) parties are thinking very much the same way about education." The Finns set their vision on a comprehensive school system in which they would strive to educate everybody. "We would have the same target, the same aims in every subject regardless of student background," Pahkin said. En route to that goal, Finland also moved from being a highly centralized system to more local governance. Again, the issue of trust emerges. In the early 1990s, the country eliminated national approval of textbooks and annual school inspections. The thin national curriculum--just 128 pages--offers guidance but relies on teachers to flesh it out. The core math curriculum, for example, is only eight pages. "You couldn't teach from that," said Heidi Krzywacki, a professor of teacher education at the University of Helsinki and formerly a secondary math teacher. Essential to achieving a system of equity and excellence was ramping up the knowledge and skills of all teachers. Quite simply, Finland wanted to drive responsibility down to the classroom and school level. …


Many investigations with electron spin resonance spectroscopy have shown that the spin-lattice interaction of radiation induced free radicals in organic materials is too weak to allow rapid thermal relaxation. Therefore saturation effects can be produced by a microwave power not sufficiently attenuated. The saturation effect of radiation induced free radicals in d,l-valine and d,l-leucine was studied. The linear relationship between the intensity of the spectrum and the field strength was changed by large values of the microwave power in both of the amino acids. The microwave saturation is independent of the X-ray absorbed dose in the case of d,l-leucine however not in the case of d,l-valine. After higher X-ray doses the saturation effect is obtained at larger values of the microwave field strength than after lower doses. Our results may be interpreted by the fact that at room temperature two species of free radicals occur in d,l-valine. Each of them may have a different spinlattice interaction time and the numerical proportion of the two species may be a function of the X-ray absorbed dose.


IN the study of the constitution of this glucoside there was originally difficulty in methylating ir. It is very sensitive to alkali and undergoes decomposition. Diazo-methane effected only partial methylation, 1 the resistant 5-hydroxyl group being left out. However, methylation of the acetate using dimethyl sulphate and potash in aqueous acetone solution led to successful results. 2 The glucoside methyl ether was isolated and hydrolyssed and the product identified as 3 : 5 : 8 : 3' : 4'-O-pentamethyl-gossypetin having a free hydroxyl in the 7-position, thus showing that gossypit¡ is a 7-glucoside. Subsequently other methods of methylation have been examined in this laboratory. Methyl iodide and anhydrous potassium carbonate in dry aeetone medium do not bring about complete methylŸ in the gossypetin series of flavonols, a On the other hand, the use of dimethyl sulphate has led to the desired results and the method is quite convenient and economical. Though gossypitrin is spa¡ soluble in dry acetone, a fine suspension of ir reacts with dimethyl sulphate and the fully methylated product is obtained in good yield.


Elders use prescribed medications to a much greater extent than their younger counterparts, including over-the-counter medications and herbal preparations. A survey of 2590 non-institutionalized older adults in the United States showed increased use of all medications with advancing age [1]. Women aged 65 years and older were the most frequent users: 12% took 10 or more medications and 23% took at least five prescription drugs. Associated with this increased use of medication is a higher rate of adverse reactions due to changes in drug metabolism that occurs with aging. Inappropriate drug use among the elderly is quite common, with a prevalence ranging from 9.8% to 41%. Patient's poor economic situation, use of anxiolytic drugs, and polypharmacy were associated with higher potential for being prescribed inappropriate medications [2]. The rate of adverse drug event (ADE) is estimated at 50 ‰ patient-years, of which 38% were considered serious or life threatening and 42% were preventable [3]. Adverse events are up to seven times more common in persons 7079 years of age than in those 20-29 years [4]. Nearly 5% of all hospital admissions in the United States are believed to be related to adverse drug reactions [5], and some studies report a rate as high as 28% for elderly persons [4]. Nursing home residents are particularly at higher risk for hospitalization or death following inappropriate medication use. The frequency of adverse events and their prevention rate varies by drug class (Table I). One month usage of such inappropriate medication was associated with being hospitalized for a drug related illness (Odds ratio [OR] 1.27, Confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.47) and even death (OR 1.28; CI 1.05-1.55) [6]. Independent risk factors for ADEs among nursing home residents were newly admitted patients (OR 2.8; CI 1.5-5.2); use of antibiotics (OR 4.0; CI 2.5-6.2), antipsychotics (OR 3.2; CI 2.1-4.9), or antidepressants (OR 1.5; CI 1.1-2.3); and polypharmacy (OR 2.8; CI 1.7-4.7) [7]. In addition, the use of opioids and antidepressants were among the strong risk factors for preventable ADEs. Symptoms of an adverse drug reaction can be subtle in an elderly patient and can mimic the progression of underlying chronic illnesses. Symptoms may be manifested by increased frequency of falls, urinary incontinence or retention, worsening confusion, excessive sedation, constipation, decreased oral intake, and failure to thrive. Physicians may respond to such symptoms by prescribing more medications and the cascade of polypharmacy and ADEs continues.


Objective To detect the influence of heating coagulation of the middle meningeal artery on c-fos expression in the trigeminal caudalis nucleus in migraine rats triggered by nitroglycerin. Methods Forty-eight female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups,the isotonic saline group (group A),the nitroglycerin group (group B),the operation group (group C),and the sham operation group (group D),with 12 subjects in each group and each group was subdivided into another two equal groups after successfully constructing the animal model. C-fos expression in the trigeminal caudalis nucleus was detected by means of RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Results Injection of 10 mg/kg nitroglycerin was able to trigger the animal model of migraine as evidenced by the appearances of a series of symptoms,such as frequently head scratching,climbing the cage and red ear. The scores of these behaviors for each group were respectively 2. 33 ± 0. 74,39. 57 ± 5. 44,37. 87 ± 4. 68,15. 6 ± 3. 30. At the same time,c-fos expressions in the trigeminal caudalis nucleu in group B,group C,or group D was significantly increased compared with that of group A (P 0. 05). More importantly,c-fos expression in the trigeminal caudalis nucleus in group D was much lower than that in group B and group C (P 0. 05),but there was no statistical difference between group B and group C (P 0. 05). Conclusions Results show that heat coagulation of the middle meningeal artery may attenuate head complaint of rats induced by nitroglycerin,and it is concluded that the middle meningeal artery plays a primary role in the pathophysiology of the rat migraine model triggered by nitroglycerin and the efficacy may play a part in decreasing c-fos expression and containing activation of neurons in the trigeminal caudalis nucleus .


On the basis of the technology acceptance model(TAM), this paper builds a research model of users' use of micro-blogs. Testing results of the model's hypotheses reveal that TAM is still valid for micro-blog adoption. Through the analysis of related data, this study confirms that the usefulness, usability, flow experience and convenience of blogs will directly or indirectly affect the users' willingness to use micro-blogs. Among them, the usefulness has the greatest influence while sense of identity has no impact on users' attitudes toward the use of micro-blogs and their willingness to use micro-blogs.


Abstract In this article, we present the conventional method and neuro-fuzzy model for the diagnosis and therapy of heart disease. The neuro-fuzzy system provides a basis for creating a decision support system that has a learning ability and the capacity to deal with vagueness and unstructuredness in disease management. The decision support engine carries out the cognitive and emotional filtering of the objective and subjective feelings of the medical practitioner. These filters further refine the diagnosis and therapy processes by taking care of the contextual elements.


Currently, the production of special varieties of bread and bakery products using non-traditional plant raw materials is relevant. The article presents the results of studies on the introduction of chickpea flour into the recipe of wheat bread. Chickpea is a crop that is adapted to vegetation in unfavorable soil and climatic conditions of the Volgograd region. Chickpeas are high in protein (up to 32%) and fat (8%), while the amount of carbohydrates is insignificant (up to 5%). In the laboratory, test baking of bread was carried out using the following options: wheat bread (control) and wheat-chickpea bread. Chickpea flour was added to wheat flour in the amount of 5, 10, 15 and 20%. Before baking, a study of wheat flour and mixtures of wheat flour with chickpea was carried out for the content and quality of crude gluten. The addition of chickpea flour has been found to reduce the amount of wet gluten, but not to decrease its quality group. After test baking, the volume of the bread was measured and the organoleptic characteristics were determined. It was found that the addition of chickpea flour leads to a decrease in the volume of the finished product. The bread with the addition of chickpea flour differed from the control variant in the color of the crust and crumb. The pulp was denser and finer. The taste and smell of chickpea were felt only in the variants with the addition of 15 and 20% chickpea flour. The addition of chickpea flour contributed to the enrichment of wheat bread with essential amino acids. With the consumption of 300 g of bread containing 80% wheat and 20% chickpea flour, the daily requirement of the human body for essential amino acids would be satisfied by 48.8%.


9 In an Electron Back-Scatter Diffraction pattern (EBSP), the angular distribution of back10 scattered electrons (BSEs) depends on their energy. Monte Carlo modeling of their depth and 11 energy distributions suggests that the highest energy BSEs are more likely to hit the bottom of 12 the detector than the top. In this paper, we examine experimental EBSPs to validate the modeled 13 angular BSE distribution. To that end, the Kikuchi bandlet method is employed to measure the 14 width of Kikuchi bands in both modeled and measured EBSPs. The results show that in an EBSP 15 obtained with a 15 keV primary probe, the width of a Kikuchi band varies by about 0.4 from the 16 bottom of the EBSD detector to its top. The same is true for a simulated pattern that is composed 17 of BSEs with 5 keV to 15 keV energies, which validates the Monte Carlo simulations. 18 PACS numbers: \pacs{68.37.Hk, 68.49.Jk, 61.05.J-} 19


SUMMARY Chlamydia pneumoniae infection is said to be associated with obesity. We studied the association between C. pneumoniae infection and inflammation and increased BMI in 891 Finnish military recruits. IgG seropositivity in arrival and departure serum samples during 6–12 months of military service was considered as persistence of antibodies and a possible indication of chronic infection. Persistently high C-reactive protein (CRP) level (elevated on arrival and departure) (OR 2·2, 95% CI 1·3–3·9), and persistent C. pneumoniae antibodies (OR 2·1, 95% CI 1·5–2·8) were significant risk factors for overweight (BMI ⩾25 kg/m2). In addition, those who had persistent antibodies and persistently elevated CRP levels, or those who had either of them, had a significantly higher BMI (kg/m2) compared to those who had neither of them (25·8 vs. 24·6 vs. 23·5, respectively; P<0·001). These results provide new information about the association between possible chronic C. pneumoniae infection and obesity in young men.


Abstract Small diameter (10 mm) hydrocyclone is used for catalyst particles separations in this work. An industrial sidetrack tester was set up in 1.8 Mt/a catalytic cracking unit. When Reynolds number is invariable, the experimental results show that the pressure drop between the inlet and the overflow is not changed by changes in the split ratio. The effects of Reynolds number and split ratio on separation efficiency were studied. The removed efficiency of catalyst particle is more than 55% with Reynolds number of 850 ∼ 950.


Provided are a processor system and a method. When being applied to the fields of processors and computers, a caching system can actively push an instruction and data to a processor core, preventing the processor core from fetching the instruction and data from a cache in a delay mode, thereby improving the processor performance.


Objective: We investigated the effect of chronic estrogen treatment on the inhibitory action of nitric oxide (NO) on prolactin release. Methods: The effect of NO on prolactin release was studied in anterior pituitaries of female Wistar rats, intact at random stages, ovariectomized (OVX), and OVX treated for 15 days with 17β-estradiol (OVX-E2). Results: Sodium nitroprusside (NP, 0.5 mM), a NO donor, inhibited prolactin release from anterior pituitaries and was able to stimulate cGMP synthesis in intact and OVX rats. Only a high, supraphysiological concentration of NP (2 mM) inhibited prolactin release from anterior pituitaries of OVX-E2 rats and increased cGMP synthesis in OVX-E2 rats. 8-Br-cGMP, a cGMP analogue, decreased prolactin release from anterior pituitaries of OVX rats but did not affect it in OVX-E2 rats. Conclusion: Our results suggest that estrogen may modify the sensitivity of the anterior pituitary to the inhibitory effect of NO on prolactin release by affecting guanylyl cyclase activity and the cGMP pathway.


This paper describes a new method that we have developed to generate Bragg grating filters in germania-doped communication fibers and discusses their applications as sensors. The gratings are formed by exposing a short section of the core, through the side of the fiber, to an interference pattern of intersecting coherent beams of UV light. A permanent periodic index modulation is produced by the interference fringes. It forms a phase grating which acts as a band rejection filter, passing wavelengths that are not in resonance with the grating and strongly reflecting wavelengths which satisfy the Bragg condition. The grating wavelength is sensitive to changes temperature and strain. Measurements of the shift in Bragg wavelength with these quantities are reported and compared with computed estimates of the sensitivity. A large number of independent gratings can be easily written along a length of fiber to make a distributed sensor system. We have also demonstrated that Bragg gratings can wavelength tune laser diodes, which could be used for detecting the wavelength shift of the Bragg sensors.


Oxford University is an ancient but modern university,up to 800 years of development,Oxford always adheres to the training and academic research tradition,is committed to creating educated gentlemen,developing talents, and integrating cultural education and science education.The advanced educational ideas and successful experiences are very useful to our education system reformation.


This work deals with difficulties met when recognizing Eventive Phraseological Specialized Units in a corpus of Brazilian environmental legislation. These units are characterized by an Eventive Nucleus (verb or a noun derived from a verb) and a Terminological Nucleus and by conveying knowledge concerning processes and actions of Environmental Law.


The paper begins from Gadamer's understanding of the tradition and analyses the influence of wright's time on the conception of "organic architecture".Comparison with other architectural styles is raised to show the characters of the organic architecture from its appearance to the essential.To look into the uniqueness and seek for the connotation and application of organic architecture,build-up works are taken for examples;the advance and limitation of wright's thought are discussed as well.At last,there comes the general comment on the value of organic architecture for cities and architectures both in the history and modern time,in particular,its use for modern time.


ABSTRACT: This article examines the development and marketing of suburbia through a case-study of the suburb of Ilford, Essex, between 1880 and 1914. It discusses how Ilford positioned itself, the white-collar clerical workers it targeted, its principal developers and the marketing and development strategies it pursued. It is argued that Ilford achieved success through a comprehensive and integrated marketing strategy which involved a policy of clear positioning, alignment with its target market, close co-operation between its principal stakeholders and the implementation of long-term, sustainable policies.


Brownian motion is very important in stochastic process. The probability of Brownian motion arrives a before arrives b is useful in financial mathematics. In this paper, based on credibility theory, the membership function of the hitting time of general Liu process was deduced. Simultaneously, corresponding to the probability of Brownian motion arrives a before arrives b, the credibilities of some Liu processes arrive a before arrive b were presented. c ⃝2016 World Academic Press, UK. All rights reserved.


Our planning capacities are a fundamental ground of our capacities for temporally extended agency, shared intentional activity, and self-governance. This is the fecundity of planning agency. This essay explores relations between our planning capacities and this further trio of basic capacities. In particular, a defense of this connection to self-governance involves a development of a Frankfurtian model of self-governance, one that draws on resources from the planning theory of our agency. This connection with self-governance, both at a time and over time, helps explain the normative force of the rationality norms involved in our planning agency. This leads to a sketch of a defense of a norm of intention stability over time, a norm that involves a kind of practical conservatism.


Based on the roof of main goaf of iron mine monitor, build terrain function; combined with the tubbiness rock caving theory, building goaf caving function. Through analysis of the force of surrounding rock of caving zone, compare with the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength of surrounding rock which have been measured, predicted limit caving height and limit span length.


This is a module to reverse the order of a variable's values and maintain specified value labels. `revrs' is especially helpful for quickly recoding multiple categorical or ordinal response variables to follow a similar direction. Roger Newson's sencode package is required.


Lalo, a Burmic, Central Ngwi language spoken in western Yunnan, China, has been classified as having two dialects: East Mountain and West Mountain (Chen et al., 1985). Wang (2003) mentions a few differences between the dialects, but, in general, previous research has left major patterns of variation and the relative degrees of difference unexplored. Fieldwork conducted in 2008, including the collection of wordlists and texts, reveals a linguistic diversity previously unimagined. This paper presents evidence for the subgrouping of three lower-level dialect clusters: Central, Northwestern, and Eastern, from both a diachronic and a synchronic perspective. Diachronically, shared innovations in tone, initials and rhymes are used as criteria for subgrouping. Synchronically, the Levenshtein distance algorithm is applied to quantify aggregate pronunciation differences (Heeringa, 2004), and the results are presented using NeighborNet network mapping and multidimensional scaling. The synchronic, dialectometric results show a high degree of congruence with the diachronic findings for lower-level clusters. East and West Mountain Lalo are found to group together within the Central Lalo cluster. Northwestern, Eastern, and Central Lalo are clear lower-level subgroups, with possible higher-level connections to each other that distinguish them from peripheral Lalo groups that migrated out of the Lalo homeland area. Besides presenting major regional variation patterns in Lalo, this research furthermore reveals that the degree of difference is considerable, a finding with implications for any future Lalo language planning.


The ecological state of floodplains is estimated by a high number of different structural units. This is important for ensuring the ecological function and increasing the sustainability of river ecosystems. The impact of land use change on fluvial and hydrological changes in the floodplain and its terraced surface is important for understanding current geomorphological processes. The increase in roughness and the accumulation of sediments on the surface of the floodplain is favorable for the uniform distribution of the river flow. To study the dynamics of changes in the riverbed, study sites were selected far and near settlements, using the example of the village of Emgek-Talaa and Ak-Tal in the Naryn region of Kyrgyzstan. To study changes in the landscape, satellite images were used to map the study areas. Assessment of changes is necessary for the further development of the restoration plan for the structure of floodplain rivers. The results of the study will provide information on management options and assist local authorities in the integrated management of natural resources.


Aim\ To offer the basis to design electrical equipment for separating explosion. Methods\ A method of test for ascertainment of the maximum experimental safe gap of combustible gases or vapors is presented. Based on this method, the experimental results with several combustible gases(or vapors)are obtained. Results\ The tested data are close to the IEC standard. Conclusion The maximum allowable structure gap of electrical equipment for separating explosion must be less than the maximum experimental safe gap.


Abstract : The objective of this study was to streamline the base-level cargo mobility process using source data automation (SDA). MAJCOMs were surveyed, bases visited, and regulations, supplements and base-level mobility plans reviewed to obtain information on the current mobility processes. The surveys revealed the current base-level mobility system to be labor, procedural, and information intensive. This study recommends project MOBLE be used as a blueprint for further mobility development work that will actually lead to implementation.


The present invention has a coating comprising at least one polyurethane urea terminating in a copolymer units of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, about medical device.


In this paper, we propose an image saliency detection method by using multi-feature and manifold-space ranking. Basically, the proposed method extracts the color-histogram feature to obtain the fine information of the image, and the color-mean feature to obtain the coarse information respectively. To further improve the detection accuracy of the feature correlation between different image units, a manifold-space ranking method is used to calculate saliency values of image units to construct a saliency map on each feature-space. Specifically, we fuse the two saliency maps to obtain the final saliency map. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method not only outperforms the other methods, but also improves the accuracy and robustness of the saliency detection.


Jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) fishery is an abundant source in the Pacific coast of Mexico and in many regions of the world. However, the importance of the squid industry is more related on the abundant of this organism that in its economical earns. The squid muscle is a low value product in the market in part because the muscle has undesirable characteristics and there is not efficient technology to produce high value products. However, the squid muscle has attractive properties to produce high quality protein concentrates useful in food production as raw material or functional ingredient. The aim of this work is to give value to the jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) fishery of the Pacific coast of Mexico. One approach is to increase knowledge supporting technology for transforming muscle protein. Squid muscle has properties that may be useful for producing protein concentrates that can be used in food products as raw material or ingredient. Development of new products would increase the prosperity of the fishery and people involved. This work describes two procedures (pH shift processing) to process muscle of jumbo squid to obtain protein concentrates (PC) with functional properties for economic revenue. Squid muscle with different preparations (frozen/ground combinations) was used to evaluate its effect on PC´s functionality.
Process is based on solubilization and precipitation of much of the muscle protein. Squid muscle proteins were extracted using acid and basic solutions. About 85% of initial muscle proteins were solubilized at pH values of 3.0 and 11.5 and from this portion about 90%, was recovered after precipitation at pH 5.5 regardless of the solubilization pH value. The total yield for both procedures was 75%. Functional characterization showed that the PCs from both acid and alkaline processes have excellent emulsion capacity (34-44%) with values higher than control group: albumin (32.8%) and squid muscle (28%). Foaming capacity of PCs from both acid and alkaline processes was lower (160.2%) than compare with control group (432% and 187%, respectively). PC from alkaline process showed the best gel strength (503 N.mm/g) respect to PC from acid process (358 N.mm/g) and even squid muscle (59.6 N.mm/g).
The different preparations of squid muscle had effect on the PC´s functionality. About 90% of the water used in the process is recovered. This study demonstrated that acid and alkaline processing conditions are an efficient and feasible alternative for recovering functional PC from squid muscle even if the muscle underwent "severe" frozen denaturizing conditions.


Abstract Physical discomfort is a frequent and significant problem for children with severe neurological impairment (SNI) of the central nervous system. Such children have various problems that can result in discomfort, including spasticity, muscle spasms, and autonomic dysfunction. Children with SNI also have a significant rate of pain, and pain can trigger and worsen these other problems. It can seem a daunting task to determine the primary cause of discomfort given the overlap in features seen with each problem. There is the added challenge of a non-verbal population unable to indicate symptoms. Knowledge of sources of discomfort can help guide a step-wise approach to empiric treatment. The goal of this article is to provide an evidence-based framework for approaching symptom treatment in a population vulnerable to under-recognition and under-treatment of discomfort. Interventions include integrative therapies and medications, such as gabapentinoids, tricyclic antidepressants, alpha-agonists, and opioids including methadone. Awareness of potential sources of discomfort in children with SNI and the interventions available will expand our ability to improve comfort in this vulnerable group of children.


A theoretical analysis is given related to the ways to reduce the negative impact of motor vehicle exhaust gases on the environment. The possibility of using hydrogen as an energy source for an electric power plant used in the road transport is considered. The operation of a high-power fuel cell battery is advisable on both passenger cars and trucks. However, such technologically complex systems require additional tests at the development stage for verifying the fire safety and tightness of the structure. The systems of storage, transportation, preparation of hydrogen and safety assurance during the performance of such bench tests are analyzed. Fuel cell stack test benches must be provided with additional protection against occurrence of fires and explosions. It is based on a gas-analytical fiber-optic resonant (vibration frequency) sensor that monitors the accumulation of explosive gases. The key parameters of this system are the inertness and speed of the individual elements. A block diagram of a test bench for a fuel cell stack with a power of 150 kW is presented, the hydrogen pressure is reduced to 2–2.5 atm. During the operation of the installation, it is required to ensure continuous monitoring of the pressure in the system and in its individual parts, as well as to monitor the temperature regime of the gas supply in the fuel cell itself. The description of the principle of the test stand functioning is given. Its technological modules are identified, such as a hydrogen supply system, a cooling system, an air injection system, a power plant, and a block for simulating a potential load on an electric motor of the vehicle.


Abstract : The Air Force Avionics Laboratory is sponsoring development of both the Generalized Development Model (GDM) of GPS User equipment, and the EAR/GEANS radar/inertial navigator. This report documents results of analysis and software support for both of these programs. GPS-related analysis has been performed in the area of GDM software support, particularly, stability analysis of alternate designs for rate-aiding of non-coherent mode of GPS receiver; vertical channel analysis and simulation; improved GPS/Inertial Simulator model implementation; and integrated GPS/strapdown performance studies. EAR/GEANS-related analysis has been performed in the areas of Error Isolation Filter (EIF) development planning; vertical channel error modeling; error modeling for GEANS space-stable baro-inertial navigator; EAR radar measurement modeling; EAR/GEANS flight test data recording; gravity perturbation modeling; EAR/GEANS Error Isolation Filter synthesis; onboard feedback correction compensation in the EIF; and EIF optimal filter/smoother mechanization equations selection. (Author)


This study based on 1981 census data examines patterns of population distribution and desity in India. Included among the characteristics of Indias population and its distribution are a huge population base (685 million in 1981) ethnic multiplicity rural bias and unevenness in population distribution. 76.6% of the population lives in the countryside largely in agglomerated settlements. The concentration index is less than 0.5 (sparsely populated) in about 1/4 of Indias districts and is more than 1.5 (overcrowded) in 1/5 of the districts. Uttar Pradesh is the most thickly populated state (concentration index of 3.62) while Sikkim is the most thinly populated (concentration index of 0.01). The incidence of population concentration is particularly high in agriculturally prosperous areas surrounded by prominent urban industrial centers. In terms of density the areas of India can be grouped into 3 categories: 1) high density (over 350 persons/square kilometer) 2) moderate density (150-350 persons/square kilometer) and low density (less than 150 persons/square kilometer). Over 1/4 of the districts were classified as high density. The traditional Hindi speaking belt covering large parts of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar along with the adjacent districts of Haryana and West Bengal constitutes the largest compact belt of high density population. Industrial and urban development has superimposed extremely high densities on districts falling in the traditional agricultural belt. Moderate density exists in a further 1/4 of districts. Moderate densities are characteristic of areas where agriculture was handicapped by undulating topography and a lack of water for irrigation but urban-industrial development played a compensatory role. Finally low density conditions were found in over 1/4 of districts. This includes the central heartland and areas having international borders with Pakistan China and Burma.


Introduction: Obesity is associated with significant increases in several morbidities and chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus type 2, malignancies, and cardiovascular diseases. This leads to significant depression, disability, and eventually higher mortality. Obesity is highly prevalent across the world, including the Middle East, due to the current lifestyle and many other adding etiologies. Methodology: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, January 1985, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: obesity, prevalence of obesity, obesity in the Middle East, causes of obesity, management of obesity Conclusion: Obesity rates have been increasing over the last decades, especially in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf countries, leading to significant increases in comorbidities and chronic diseases. To achieve better prevention, it is essential to increase awareness towards obesity among individuals. Improved dietary intake with the consumption of healthy food is essential. Another crucial factor is exercise and physical activity.


ABSTRACT Purpose Explore effects of age, sex, and motor ability level on balance capabilities in preschoolers with and without Cerebral Palsy (CP). Method PBS was administered to 477 children 24 through 59 months: 258 with typical development (TD) and 219 with CP GMFCS levels I, II and III. Results 3-way ANOVA indicated PBS scores were significantly affected by age (F4,437=26.95, p<0.0001, η2p=0.198), motor ability level (F3,437=482.15, p<0.0001, η2p=0.768) and sex (F1,437=4.64, p<0.03, η2p=0.01) with significant interaction between motor ability level and age (F 12,437=5.25, p<0.001, η2p=0.126). Children's performance on individual items was analyzed by age, sex and motor ability level. Conclusion Children with TD outperformed children with CP GMFCS level I 36-59 months and children with CP GMFCS levels II and III 24-59 months. Expected performance values for children with TD and children with CP, ages 24-59 months, at GMFCS levels I, II and III are provided.


Spent fuel contains long half-life fission products and a lot of radioactive nuclei releasing high-temperature radiation for a long time. As wet storage facilities in nuclear power plants are saturated, the application of dry storage has increased since the 1990s, and it is now being used in 10 countries [1]. As the danger of aircraft terrorism appears, the necessity of safety evaluation against aircraft collision has been raised in nuclear facilities. In many previous studies, safety assessment subjects were confined to reactor containment buildings. As the necessity for dry storage management has been emphasized, evaluation of dry storage facilities was demanded. In this study, structural integrity evaluation was conducted for Modular Air-Cooled Storage (MACSTOR) which is a kind of dry storage facility. The aircraft was modeled as Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), and the Riera method based on NEI 07-13 [2] was applied to validate the model. Subsequently, postulated dry storage building and the validated aircraft were used for analysis. Structural analyses were performed using the commercial program LS-DYNA [3]. As a typical result, displacements of MACSTOR taking into account concrete damage were derived.


ABSTRACT The influence of magnetic matrices, magnetic field intensity, secondary and three section superconducting magnetic separation on the separation was studied in this paper. The magnetic field and flow field characteristics of elliptic cross-section matrix were studied in the elliptic coordinate system. The motion equations of the magnetic particles were derived. The tests results show that molybdenum concentrate with Mo grade of 7.4% and recovery of 43.6%, copper concentrate with Cu grade of 33.0% and recovery of 93.5% could be obtained, which verified the feasibility of separating copper-molybdenum by superconducting magnetic separation.


It is unavoidable that the interference of ambient noise to Satellite Television receiving system. Improving the quality factor of receiving system is an efficient path to it. The paper discusses the ambient and inner noise temperature, probing into how to improve the quality factor of receiving system,then the reception capability of Satellite television receiving system will be improved.


Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects between 70,000 and 100,000 Americans, making it one of the most prevalent genetic disorders in the United States. It is an autosomal, recessive disorder characterized by a single amino acid change in the betaglobin chain of hemoglobin (Hob) leading to its pathological polymerization, red cell rigidity and poor microvascular blood flow. These changes also produce the characteristic sickle shape of the red cells, which lose the pliability required to successfully traverse small capillaries. The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during adult cardiac surgery initiates many of the conditions that contribute to the sickling of the hemoglobin S cells. Traditionally during CPB the patients are hypothermic and can become acidotic during intermediate periods of surgery. The experience of adult cardiac surgery with CPB on patients with SCD is limited. The purpose of our manuscript is to review the first case of adult cardiac surgery in a patient with SCD at our institution and also to review the literature on the management of patients with SCD who undergo adult cardiac surgery. J Hematol. 2014;3(1):10-12 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jh102w