The invention provides a method for preparing parts with high-melting point metal powder and the method combines selective laser fusion rapid prototyping technology with powder sintering and forming technology. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, a three-dimensional modeling software is used to design the CAD models of parts, secondly, a slice processing software is used to generate multilayer slice information to be stored as STL files, the data of the STL files are transmitted to a selective laser melting rapid forming system; then in the selective laser melting rapid forming system, a layer of powder to be processed with the thickness of 0.05-0.2mm is laid on a platform by a powder-sending mechanism, a YAG laser or optical fiber laser with the laser power of more than 200W is used to scan the powder to be processed in a scanning speed of 20-300mm/s; and finally the powder is molten to accumulate the parts. The method does not need moulds and is characterized in that the technology has high controllability, does not adopt post-processing, is simple and practical and can be used to prepare parts with complicated shapes.


The performance of multiple reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) receives limited attention in previous studies. This article fills this research gap by investigating the capabilities of multiple RISs in real-world networks. We propose a simplified yet highly scalable sandwich architecture for implementing one-bit unit cells, with the flexibility to accommodate multi-bit unit cells. To effectively control multiple RISs, we present a cost-effective remote-controlling scheme and develop a cloud-based RIS management system. Through a series of four field trials, we demonstrate the effectiveness of multi-hop routing schemes in establishing reliable links. Our experiments reveal significant improvements in signal strength and data transmission in multi-RIS-aided Wi-Fi and commercial 5G networks. Furthermore, we investigate the power scaling law of RIS-aided beamforming and provide insights into the roles of the later nodes in multi-hop relay chains.


As a preparation of a design standard regarding road facilities, such as cantilever columns for traffic lights, optimum design and risk assessment for foundation of street lights on highways are proposed. The preliminary evaluation of optimization with reliability assessment resultantly makes it possible to reduce not only the duration of construction but the cost of construction as well. Ultimate limit states and constraints functions are selected for the sliding, overturning and settlement of the foundation under external loads from super and sub-structures itself. An example foundation under the super structure of height 12m, is optimized as 30% decreased embedded depth of foundation, in which as increasing the depth of embedded connection parts, the necessary depth of foundation is deceased. However, the optimum depths and the reliability indices are sensitively dependent with earth properties and dimensions of foundation.


The Castilla Canal is the work of hydraulic engineering par excellence in Spain from the 18th-19th centuries. An infrastructure that has become, over time, a unique element of the rural landscape of Castile y León and an important territorial element. A work created for a very specific economic purpose, the transport of grain from the interior of the plains to the Cantabrian coast, but which has been converted and used for other uses since the mid-20th century. At first for agricultural irrigation, later for human consumption and, finally, as a tourist resource. Tourist use has become increasingly relevant and is being valued to publicize the history of a key work of industrial heritage and contribute to the economic diversification of a territory that has its main economic support in agricultural activity. The objective of this research is to analyze the role played by the Castilla Canal as an element of the industrial heritage that is capable of structuring and organizing the tourist activity, a tourism in which technologies of communication have an increasing weight when it comes to choosing and organizing trips, reaching a certain level of tourist intelligence that contrasts with the strong rural character of this territory. The role of the different policies and plans that have been put in place on the Canal de Castilla for its protection is analyzed. Secondly, a tourism analysis of the main resources associated with this infrastructure is carried out. And, thirdly, the transmission of information to tourists digitally through the web pages of different organizations involved in the tourism promotion of the Canal.


many potentially toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been identified in the air downwind of waste sites. An important potential impact of these hazardous emissions is the long-term inhalation exposures experienced by downwind residents. Interest is growing in examining the emission rates and downwind concentrations of VOCs released from contaminated sites. Modeling approaches provide a less-costly alternative to evaluating the potential impacts of VOC emissions from contaminated sites. However, the emissions models currently existing can only be utilized for screening-level purposes due to the many assumptions made; for example, a uniform and infinite supply of contaminants, negligible partitioning between phases, and a negligible leachate transport route. The purpose of this publication is to introduce a more complete emission model, and to use the new model to examine the behavior of a few selected compounds. The new model removes the major assumptions inherent in the screening-level models, incorporates most of the important mechanisms occurring in contaminated sites, and provides a readily-accessible solution due to its analytical nature.


Ramachandran (2022) and Stevens (2022) provide careful responses to our article (Herder et al. 2022) about universities' failure to enhance access to innovations in the Global South. Ramachandran's (2022) reply underscores our concerns with the process, and Stevens (2022) brings an industry perspective to contest our conclusions.


unveils technology to reduce interference by coexistence in a multi-spoke device. A process comprises applying discontinuous reception (DRX) to a user equipment (UE) having a plurality of radio transceivers. The XRD may include a long DRX cycle for the UE. There may be provided a period of one cycle start offset of 2 milliseconds (ms), 5 ms and 8 ms for the length to reduce interference by coexistence of the plurality of radio transceivers at the UE DRX cycle. The period beginning offset cycle is selected to provide at least one pattern booking process Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) to reduce interference by coexistence between the plurality of radio transceivers in the EU.


The paper deals with an application of quantitative analysis – the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method to performance evaluation of the European Union Member States, in the reference years 2000 and 2011. The main aim of the paper is to measure efficiency changes over the reference years and to analyze a level of productivity in individual countries based on DEA method and to classify the EU Member States to homogeneous units (clusters) according to efficiency results. The theoretical part is devoted to the fundamental basis of performance theory and the methodology of DEA. The empirical part is aimed at measuring degree of productivity and level of efficiency changes of evaluated countries by basic DEA model – CCR CRS model, and specialized DEA approach – the Malmquist Index measuring the change of technical efficiency and the movement of production possibility frontier. Here, DEA method becomes a suitable tool for setting a competitive/uncompetitive position of each country because there is not only one factor evaluated, but a set of different factors that determine the degree of economic development. Keywords—CCR CRS model, cluster analysis, DEA method, efficiency, EU, Malmquist index, performance.


HE ADMINISTRATION recently presented its national economic plan for the eighteen-month period ending June 30, 1974. The Administration's plan is contained in three documents — the Federal Budget, the Economic Report of the President, and The Annual Report of the Council of Economic Advisers.' Included in the economic plan is (1) a proposed program for the Federal budget, (2) goals for gross national product (GNP), output, prices, and employment, and (3) general recommendations for monetary actions by the Federal Reserve System.


RNA polymers have many functions in cells and are relatively easy to create. Finding ways to construct RNA sequences that correspond to a desired function is thus desirable. Conventionally inverse folding is used to tackle this problem. Inverse folding however is dependent on user provided very strict constraints. In this work I present an approach that will learn those constraints before generating new RNA molecules. [1] describes a general purpose approach to sample distributions of graphs. Metropolis Hastings sampling is used with a graph grammar to propose graphs and a graph kernel to aid the evaluation of proposed graphs. Since the described grammar is locally context-sensitive, long range constraints can not be represented in the grammar. If only local constraints are considered when proposing a graph, ignoring long range dependencies will increase the rejection rate of the MH algorithm. This is especially true for RNA secondary structure graphs. The structures themselves impose constraints on the graphs that cant be represented in a locally context-sensitive grammar. In this work I present a method which is using graph minors (a minor is obtained by contracting adjacent nodes in a graph) to enhance the grammars expressiveness.


e14671 Background: The sensitivity of B-mode ultrasound (US) in detecting hepatic lesions has been reported to be between 55-85%. A recently FDA approved US contrast agent has been shown to increase the detectability of liver lesions; yet, there is paucity of knowledge regarding its application in US guided biopsies. The aim of this study was to determine accuracy and applicability of contrast enhanced US (CEUS) guided biopsies of liver lesions in cancer patients. Methods: A prospective registry of 75 patients (M = 54%, F = 46%, Age: 63y±14), that underwent CEUS guided liver biopsy in 2017-2018, were retrospectively reviewed. The decision to apply US contrast was made based on pre-procedural and intra-procedural clinical findings. Lesions with negative biopsy results were reviewed in follow up imaging to determine any evidence of potential positive malignancy. Results: History of renal failure that precluded application of iodinated IV contrast was the main pre-procedural indication (17%). Intra-procedural indications included: poor visualization of lesions in B-mode US (78%), targeting enhancing part of lesions (necrotic, post ablation or cystic) (16%), and lesion selection (6%). Diameter of the lesions were ≤ 20mm in 46% of patients. Biopsy results were positive in 50 patients, and included 32% primary liver tumors (hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma) and 68% metastasis (pancreas: 24%, breast: 12%, GI tract: 10%, lung: 8% and other: 14%). Of the 25 patients with negative biopsy results, 6 did not have follow up imaging and 3 were later found to have positive malignancy (Negative predictive value: 84%, accuracy: 96%). Genomic sequencing was established in 34% of the patients. Based on the biopsy/genomics results, patients underwent systemic treatment (56%), locoregional treatment (16%), combination (6%) or surgery (2%). 10% of patients selected hospice care and 10% lost follow up. Conclusions: CEUS increases the accuracy of US guided biopsies of focal liver lesions, by improving visualization, targeting viable parts and also in patients with renal failure, or small lesions. Findings from these biopsies could improve management of cancer patients by categorizing them into different treatment groups.


Background: Particulate autogenous bone grafts remain to be the gold standard for reconstruction of alveolar. The success of alveolar bone grafting is assessed clinically and radiographically. Among the radiographic measures of success is the bone bridging across the cleft, maintenance of the bucco-palatal / vertical linear dimensions of the graft and the stability of the total volume of regenerated bridge of bone. Computed tomography (CT) scans provide a better tool for threedimensional evaluation of the residual bone following the reconstruction procedure. Aim of the study: This study aimed at assessing the linear (horizontal, vertical) and volumetric changes that occur in particulate iliac bone grafts 6 months after secondary grafting of unilateral alveolar clefts. Patients and Methods: Six patients with unilateral alveolar clefts who received particulate autogenous iliac crest grafts were included in this study. On a surgical planning software, their immediate and six-months postoperative CT scans were superimposed onto each other using the cranial base as a reference. On the axial cuts, the linear bucco-palatal dimensions of the reconstructed alveolar cleft were recorded, whereas on the coronal cuts the vertical height of the reconstructed alveolar cleft was measured for both scans. The software was also used to calculate the volume of the bone graft on the immediate postoperative CT and that of the remaining bone graft 6 months after. The data was statistically analyzed in the form of means ± standard deviation and paired T-test used to compare the measurements immediately and six-months postoperatively. The percentage change in the alveolar ridge dimensions over the six months follow up period was then calculated. Results: The horizontal dimension of the grafted alveolar cleft decreased by an average of 24.4% over the six months period. The difference between the means showed a highly statistically significant difference with a P value < 0.01. While for the vertical dimension, the mean decreased by 21.6% over the six months period and the difference between the means was statistically significant with a P value <0.05. The percentage change in volume ranged from -92.4% to +16%. Conclusions: Radiographic assessment of alveolar cleft reconstruction using CT scans are useful tools, not just for making accurate measurements and better evaluation of the formed bone within the reconstructed alveolar cleft, but also it provides a useful tool for analyzing the outcomes of the secondary alveolar grafting procedure for future correlation and optimization of the whole grafting procedure and expected outcomes. (992) Yasmine Nassar and Walaa Kadry E.D.J. Vol. 64, No. 2


The present invention discloses a drill rocker automatic assemble and disassemble system which includes a upper support, a upper oil cylinder, a upper linkage rod, a upper angle crank, a drill rocker warehouse, a lower support, a lower oil cylinder, a lower linkage rod, a lower angle crank, a reduction box, a first linkage rod, a second linkage rod, a drill rocker locking mechanism, a drill rocker position mechanism, a drive gear, a driven gear and a swiveling mechanism, the system also includes a guide mechanism fixed on the second linkage rod closely above the reduction box which is composed by at least two guide barrels and guide seats that fixed together; they are distributed along the direction of circumference homocentric with the second linkage rod, and a chafing plate and a elastic element is set in each guide seat; the system can store a plurality of drill rocker at one time, operations like taking, putting and holding the drill rocker can be accurately completed by cooperation of the upper oil cylinder and lower oil cylinder with linkage of the swiveling mechanism at the same time so as to drive the drill rocker warehouse and inner drill rocker rotate, and the guide mechanism guaranties accuracy and reliability of operations like taking and putting the drill rocker, overcomes damage to a screw thread, reduces intensity of labor and improves work efficiency.


The mass loss from stars due to continuous outflw of matter from a hot corona is considered. The dependence of flow velocity and mass loss on the rate of rotation is investigated. The mass loss is found to increase faster than exponentially with increasing rotational energy (within a set of otherwise identical models). The gas can show deceleration if the rotation is high enough, which might give an explanation for T Tauri star observations. Comparing the appropriate time scales of the plasma the range of application of the one- component fluid model is obtained. (auth)


Medical sales representatives are a key link between medical and pharmaceutical companies and healthcare professionals. The Medical Sales representative is a high-risk sector with job stress. It requires more skills, wider knowledge and emotional stability than the other professions Due to extensive traveling, and waiting time, target issues, work-life balancing problems and lack of job security the medical representative life cycle is full of psychological stress. E-learning is use of technology for learning outside the boundaries of the physical classroom. New E training modules are more useful which facilitate distance learning, which are safer in new covid era. Product Training can be conferred at specific website created by Pharmaceutical companies.


Remote sensing image fusion is becoming widely used in object recognition because of complementary nature of images from different sensors. The result of image fusion is a single image which is more suitable for human and machine perception or further image processing. In this paper, a new remote\|sensing image fusion method based on wavelet packet transform (WPT) to fusion a multi\|spectral image and a panchromatic image is studied. Firstly, the multi\|spectral image is transformed with PCA, and three principal components can be obtained. Secondly, the first principal component of the multi\|spectral image and panchromatic image are transformed with wavelet packet transform. Thirdly, their high\|frequency coefficients are combined efficiently, while the low\|frequency coefficients of the first principal component of the multi\|spectral image are preserved. Fourthly, the first principal component of the multi\|spectral image is transformed with inverse wavelet packet transform. Finally, the fusioned image is obtained by inverse PCAT. Visual result and statistical parameters indicate that the performance of our new method is efficient comparing with those of PCAT (principal component analysis Transform)\|based fusion method, IHST (Intensity\|Hue\|Saturation transform)\|based one, and WT (wavelet transform) \|based one. It not only enhances spatial detail information of the result image largely, but also preserves spectral information of the original multispectral image well.


In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization construction, the "seeing the sea" of the city that is raining and flooding has been solved in the "sponge city" strategy of "breathing". Guizhou Province actively develops the strategic arrangement of sponge city, Put forward taking the harmonious symbiosis of the public fitness and ecological environment as the carrier. Integrating sports competition and tourism, the "sponge type" ecological sports park is planned and built with "sports" to promote "tourism". This paper uses literature, field research and other research methods, combined with the topographical characteristics of "mountain, water, forest" in Guizhou Province, taking ecological sports park as the research object, in order to provide advice and suggestions for the scientific and rational construction of green ecological sports park.


A yield model for gallium arsenide acoustic charge transport transversal filters is presented. It differs from previous IC yield models in that it is not assumed that individual failures of the nondestructive sensing taps necessarily cause a device failure. In this way, a redundancy in the number of taps included in the design is accounted for. Poisson statistics are used to describe the tap failures. A representative design example is presented, and the critical area for device failure is calculated. Yield is predicted for a range of defect densities, distribution functions, and redundancies. To verify the model, a Monte Carlo simulation is performed on an equivalent circuit model of the device. The results of the yield model are then compared to the Monte Carlo simulation. Better than 95% agreement is obtained for the Poisson model weighted by a triangular distribution function with one redundant circuit.<<ETX>>


The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of a horizontal magnetic field and of horizontal transport of plasma on the vertical electron density profile in the Martian ionosphere. A two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic model for the steady state Martian ionosphere is presented. The model takes into account the basic reactions involving O+, O2+, and CO2+ ions and vertical plasma transport as well as horizontal plasma transport along the hypothesized magnetic field lines. The good agreement between model predictions and experimental electron density radio occultation profiles supports the hypothesis of an intrinsic magnetic field of Mars.


We compare observations of the high-redshift galaxy population to the predictions of the galaxy formation model of Croton et al. and De Lucia & Blaizot. This model, implemented on the Millennium Simulation of the concordance Lambda cold dark matter cosmogony, introduces 'radio mode' feedback from the central galaxies of groups and clusters in order to obtain quantitative agreement with the luminosity, colour, morphology and clustering properties of the present-day galaxy population. Here we construct deep light cone surveys in order to compare model predictions to the observed counts and redshift distributions of distant galaxies, as well as to their inferred luminosity and mass functions out to redshift 5. With the exception of the mass functions, all these properties are sensitive to modelling of dust obscuration. A simple but plausible treatment agrees moderately well with most of the data. The predicted abundance of relatively massive (∼M * ) galaxies appears systematically high at high redshift, suggesting that such galaxies assemble earlier in this model than in the real Universe. An independent galaxy formation model implemented on the same simulation matches the observed mass functions slightly better, so the discrepancy probably reflects incomplete or inaccurate galaxy formation physics rather than problems with the underlying cosmogony.


From the historical point of view,Pearl S.Buck as the first American Nobel laureate has been suffering from unfair negligenc and excluded from the literary canon,the reason of which can now be found in the context of globalization and explained by the introduction of the "cultural marginalizer"concept.She,a cultural marginalizer,was the avant-garde of her time,thus leading to her re-discovery by the critic circle in the current pluralistic culture,for such an angle gives us a better perception of her position in the contemporary world literature.


Whether blade profile of aircraft engine is reasonable depends on whether the surface pneumatic distribution given is satisfactory[1,2].In the experiments of optimization design,we discover that the design results are too dependent on surface velocity distribution with the following problems:The first is that the blade bend does not meet the requirements;The second is that blade thickness does not meet the requirements;The third is that the profiles of suction and pressure surfaces are not superposed very well at the leading and following edges with mouth open or cross;The fourth is that some situations of non-design behaviour are not taken into account. In this paper,these issues of blade bend optimization are discussed.


The methanolic extract of whole plant of Diplocyclos palmatus, roots of Corallocarpus epigaeus and fruits of Lagenaria siceraria were evaluated for their antioxidant efficacy by DPPH radical scavenging assay. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and many of the free radicals are natural by-products of metabolism of drugs, environmental chemicals and other Xenobiotics as well as endogenous chemicals, especially stress hormones like adrenalin and noradrenalin. ROS has a high reactive potential and is responsible for many of the human diseases like diabetes, cancer, viral infections, cardiovascular diseases and inflammations and is known to cause oxidative damage to DNA, proteins and lipids in humans. Antioxidants nowadays are increasingly sought as components of the diet owing to their benefits upon human health through protection of cells against oxidative stress which might otherwise lead to cell damage and death. The antioxidants present in the medicinal plants quench the free radicals by donating a hydrogen atom. The antioxidant activity of the medicinal plants namely, Diplocyclos palmatus, Corallocarpus epigaeus and Lagenaria siceraria were estimated by using 2, 2-Diphenly 1-Picryl Hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The present study aims at evaluating therapeutic potential of these medicinal plants due to their high free radical scavenging activity.


The Alain Brieux's Bookstore owned in 2018 a rare, original monography written in Nice about the cephalopods of the mediterranean sea. It was published in Genova by the "Imprimerie des sourds‐muets". The exact title was "Cephalopodes de la Méditerranée. Mollusques méditerranéens observés, décrits et chromolithographiés d'après le vivant. Première partie". The book was an in‐quarto (in‐4). There were 132 pages and 43 plates. The drawings and prints were the work of the author. Jean‐Baptiste VERANY (1800–1865) discovered several species of cephalopods. The logigopsis (chirotheutis) veranyi holds his name. He collected a collection of natural history by his own since 1820. He performed a scientific cruise in South America on the Euridice, a royal sardinian vessel and after worked in Genova. He gave his collection in 1846 to the town of Nice (south coast of France).


This article reexamines one of the most controversial military operations of the Soviet-German War (1941–1944)—the Red Army's advance on Warsaw during the late summer of 1944. Exploiting fresh archival evidence, primarily from the Soviet archives, it describes the development of the 1st Belorussian Front's Lublin-Brest offensive during July 1944, its subsequent advance on Warsaw during August, and its failed attempts to capture Poland's former capital city during September. Analyzing the offensive from a strictly military perspective and within a strategic context, it concludes that the Red Army could not have captured the city in July or August, but could have done so in September-but only if the Soviet Union chose to alter significantly the military strategy it was pursuing during the summer and fall of 1944.


Abstract. Optical close-range instruments can be applied to derive water quality parameters for monitoring purposes and for validation of optical satellite data. In situ radiometers are often difficult to deploy, especially from a small boat or a remote location. The water insight spectrometer (WISP-3) is a new hand-held radiometer for monitoring water quality, which automatically performs measurements with three radiometers ( L sky , L u , E d ) and does not need to be connected with cables and electrical power during measurements. The instrument is described and its performance is assessed by an intercomparison to well-known radiometers, under real fieldwork conditions using a small boat and with sometimes windy and cloudy weather. Root mean squared percentage errors relative to those of the TriOS system were generally between 20% and 30% for remote sensing reflection, which was comparable to those of the other instruments included in this study. From this assessment, it can be stated that for the tested conditions, the WISP-3 can be used to obtain reflection spectra with accuracies in the same range as well-known instruments. When tuned with suitable regional algorithms, it can be used for quick scans for water quality monitoring of Chl, SPM, and aCDOM.


More than 90 technical papers and products show on well logging and formation evaluation during the SPWLA 51st annual logging symposium provide the base for tracing the latest advancement and finding the difference.The advances include the research about petrophysics and basic theory,logging tools and new methods,comprehensive evaluation on complex reservoirs and unconventional reservoirs.Then further discussion about the trend of international development on log methods,logging tools and log evaluations is presented and difference between home and abroad is the focus question.


Like all her work, Jody Madeira's "Conceiving of Products and the Products of Conception: Reflections on Commodification, Consumption, ART, and Abortion," is a rich, nuanced discussion that mixes various conceptual vocabularies (Marxist, semiotics, legal) into a complex dish. If her work is like the best of French cooking, my comment, I fear, will be more like fast food. In the short space I have, I want to pick off a few items of common interest and discussion and reconfigure them.


The Prognostic and Health Management (PHM) system is one of the main protagonists of the Industry 4.0 revolution. It is an enabling discipline consisting of technologies and methods to assess the reliability of a product in its actual life cycle conditions to determine the advent of failure and to mitigate system risk. PHM can improve equipment availability, reduce maintenance costs and support a better ability to plan for maintenance events. Many works address the improvement of techniques adopted for realizing PHM task based on physical models and data. The aim of this Special Session is to promote prognostics and health management, and act as a platform to present high-quality original research on the latest developments especially on health assessment and RUL prediction


Pr.-doc. I. I. Rusetsky applied such infusions in 10 patients with muscle hypertonia in parkinsonism after epidemic encephalitis, and then tested their muscle tone on m. quadriceps femoris according to Mangold's sclerometric method. For each infusion we used 5 q.c. of isotonic solutions of the above substances, i.e., 2.14% CaCl2 and 1.98% MgCl3. It turned out that a solution of Ca chloride increased muscle tone, a solution of Mg chloride decreased it, and the combined effect of both solutions also decreased tone, but more weakly.


Thanks to recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, diverse livestock species have been dissected at the genome-wide sequence level. As for cattle, there are currently four Korean indigenous breeds registered with the Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations: Hanwoo, Chikso, Heugu, and Jeju Heugu. These native genetic resources were recently whole-genome resequenced using various NGS technologies, providing enormous single nucleotide polymorphism information across the genomes. The NGS application further provided biological such that Korean native cattle are genetically distant from some cattle breeds of European origins. In addition, the NGS technology was successfully applied to detect structural variations, particularly copy number variations that were usually difficult to identify at the genome-wide level with reasonable accuracy. Despite the success, those recent studies also showed an inherent limitation in sequencing only a representative individual of each breed. To elucidate the biological implications of the sequenced data, further confirmatory studies should be followed by sequencing or validating the population of each breed. Because NGS sequencing prices have consistently dropped, various population genomic theories can now be applied to the sequencing data obtained from the population of each breed of interest. There are still few such population studies available for the Korean native cattle breeds, but this situation will soon be improved with the recent initiative for NGS sequencing of diverse native livestock resources, including the Korean native cattle breeds.


Fragile substrate (118) for an exhaust gas treatment device (110) of the support system (120) comprises a microporous inorganic insulating layer (212,322), which is directly or indirectly joined to at least a portion of the frangible substrate; and, mounting the flexible fibers pad (213,323) which directly or indirectly engages at least a portion of the frangible substrate. The support system can support the catalytic converter, the fragile substrate diesel particulate trap filter, or the NOX selective catalytic reduction unit collector.


"They look like W's, they feel like W's, they smell like W's, they must be W's!" So Carlo Rubbia is said to have remarked as he pondered evidence for the existence of the W boson in January 1983. The discovery, made by the rival UA1 and UA2 experiments at CERN's Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS), was a historic moment in particle physics – with Rubbia and the UA1 collaboration narrowly beating the UA2 experiment to the prize (see "Carlo Rubbia and the discovery of the W and the Z" on pages 23–28). The discovery of the Z boson followed hot on the heels of the W in June and together they put the Standard Model of particle physics on a solid footing.


Objectives: To study the prevalence and potential associated factors of poststroke depression (PSD).
Study design: Cross-sectional study.
Setting: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
Subjects: First ever stroke patients age 45 years old with duration of stroke from 2 weeks to 2 years.
Methods: The included patients were assessed with the Barthel Index (BI) and the Modified Rankin Scale for Neurologic Disability (MRS).  A psychiatric interview according to the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders classification, fifth edition (DSM-5TM) criteria was performed by a psychiatrist. Prevalence was described and potential associated factors of PSD were analyzed with multivariate forward stepwise logistic regression.
Results: Of 115 patients, there were 63 males (54.8%).  Mean age was 64 (SD 10) years old. Median duration of stroke was 59 days. The prevalence of PSD was 20%, 8 of them (6.9%) were diagnosed with major depressive disorder and 15 of them (13.1%) had other depressive disorder. The univariate analysis revealed those with PSD were more disabled according to the MRS (p = 0.04) and had more dependent grooming according to the BI (p = 0.003). With multivariate analysis,only grooming was associated with PSD (odd ratio 4.9; 95%CI 1.6-14.8).
Conclusion: The prevalence of poststroke depression within the first 2 years of those with the first stroke and aged 45 years or older was 20%. Dependence in grooming was the only factor significantly associated with poststroke depression.


Objective To investigate the clinical valuation of irregularity hepatectomy for severe liver trauma.Methods To retrospective analyze the clinical data of 49 patients with severe liver trauma(Ⅳ、Ⅴ levels)from Mar.2003 to Mar.2009.Results Irregularity hepatectomy were conducted for 49 patients with severe liver trauma(Ⅳ、Ⅴ levels),among which one was received posthepatic inferior vena cava neoplasty as well.43 cases were cured,while 6 cases died(12.2%),and 15 patients occurred complication(30.6%).Conclusion irregularity hepatectomy is an effective method to treat severe liver trauma.


It was studied to use the active carbon to adsorb the Cr(Ⅲ) and Cr(Ⅲ)-EDTA in water solution. The adsorption condition was studied. The adsorption capacity of Cr(Ⅲ)-EDTA was found to be ten times of Cr(Ⅲ). The time of adsorption balance was shortened . The results in this paper are of important significance in the water protection.


Wavelet neural network (WNN) has been widely used in the field of civil engineering. However, WNN can only effectively handle problems of small dimensions as the computational cost for constructing wavelets of large dimensions is prohibitive. To expand the application of WNN to higher dimensions, this article develops a new wavelet support vector machine (SVM)‐based neural network metamodel for reliability analysis. The method first develops an autocorrelation wavelet kernel SVM and then uses a set of wavelet SVMs with different resolution as the activation function of WNN. The output of network is obtained through aggregating outputs of different wavelet SVMs. The method takes advantage of the excellent capacities of SVM to handle high‐dimensional problems and of the attractive properties of wavelet to represent complex functions. Four examples are given to demonstrate the application and effectiveness of the proposed method.


A series of α-hydroxy-benzylphosph- onates and -benzylphosphine oxides was synthesized by the Na2CO3-catalyzed microwave-assisted addition of dialkyl phosphites and dipenylphosphine oxide to P-substituted benzaldehydes. The solventless reaction provided the products in short reaction times and in 71–88% yield. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 22:15–17, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20649


AEMOS is an agent mediated e-commerce platform, which provides ontology-based services enabling a meaningful communication between agents, even when they use different ontologies. This system also includes a support component based on emergent social networks, which allows improving the system's performance by enhancing the ontology-based services. In this paper, our goal is to improve the system's performance, reducing the amount of failed negotiation, by enabling agents to evaluate the likelihood of reaching an agreement with a proposed partner, allowing them to focus in negotiations which may actually lead to satisfactory deals. For that, we propose exploring further the relations which emerge between agents as they interact with each other. More specifically, we propose improving AEMOS's e-commerce model, by adding social network based support in the selection of potential negotiation partners as well as in the formulation and evaluation of proposals.


The development of vertical layers in a rotating fluid is considered for cases where the nonlinear effects cannot be completely neglected. Particular reference is made to the spin-up problem. When E is the Ekman,number and $\varepsilon $ the Rossby number, the nonlinearities are introduced once$\varepsilon \gg E^{1/4} $; here, though, we essentially restrict the discussion to the parameter range $E^{1/4} \ll \varepsilon \ll E^{1/6} $. Because there are time scales and regions of the flow field where the flow is still linear, the nonlinear results can be embedded more precisely in a well understood theory. Where possible, we indicate the understandings that can be inferred for the situation where $\varepsilon = O( 1 )$.


The regular expression can be used to check filtering rules of firewall,avoiding wrong filtering rules being input into firewall system and improving the efficiency of firewall system administrator,which is based on a research on regular expressions.


Policy Analysis in Ireland is a collection of essays edited by John Hogan, Senior Research Fellow and Lecturer in the School of Business at Technological University Dublin, and Mary P. Murphy, Professor of Irish Politics and Society in Maynooth University. The essays contribute to a comprehensive study of policy analysis in Ireland, with chapters focusing on the history of policy analysis, policy analysis from local to EU level, the role of think tanks and interest groups, and finally how the public, science and the media contribute to the wider policy analysis environment in Ireland. In doing so, Policy Analysis in Ireland aims to accurately describe and critique all facets of policy analysis in Ireland, both past and present. The book forms part of the International Library of Policy Analysis series published by Bristol University Press. Now encompassing sixteen countries, the aim of the series is to bring together a detailed examination of the theory and practice of policy analysis systems at different levels of govern ment and by non-governmental actors. Part One of Policy Analysis in Ireland focuses on the history, styles and methods of policy analysis in an Irish context. Essays within this section describe the evolution of policy analysis in Ireland from a variety of perspectives. Clare O'Mahony's essay focuses on the evolution of economic policy analysis in Ireland, elucidating Ireland's journey from a protectionist, inward-looking country to a state favouring foreign direct investment, and how economists' analytical skills developed over time as a result. Fiona Dukelow then examines the evolution of social policy analysis in Ireland, looking at the actors and institutions involved in Ireland's move towards modernity. In addition to this, Frances Ruane explores the introduction of evidence


AMoving Mesh Method, which combines equidistribution with optimal transport, will be presented. This method will be shown to produce an anisotropic mesh along a given feature by equidistributing a suitably chosen scalar monitor function. Furthermore, the general metric M, in physical space, that a mesh generated by this method aligns to, will be derived [1]. Numerical examples will demonstrate that optimally transported meshes are suitable for interpolating highly anisotropic functions and solving time dependent PDEs whose solutions are highly anisotropic functions. Furthermore, analysis of the error estimates and a comparison with those obtained for the optimal anisotropic mesh, will be presented.


A new species of Trichoptera, Ceraclea (C.) enodis, of the Ceraclea (C.) senilis Group, was discovered in freshwater sponge in the Little River in Montgomery County, North Carolina. Illustrations and descriptions of the male, female, larva, pupa, and larval case are given. Adults resemble those of C. cancellata (Betten), the mature larva looks like that of C. maculata (Banks), the younger larva may be confused with C. transversa (Hagen), and the pupa has anal rods rather like those of C. spongillovorax (Resh); but all life history forms can be distinguished reliably from these species by consistent morphological characters and the sponge habitat of late instar larvae. Although few or no larvae and pupae were found in streams near the type locality, adults are reported from Ontario to Georgia to Illinois and Michigan, suggesting that the species may be widespread but local in abundance. Ceraclea enodis was found in fairly clean, 1st- to 4th-order streams containing the freshwater sponge Anheteromeyenia ryderi Potts (Porifera:Spongillidae) and loose, flat rocks.


This chapter focuses on the analysis of electric machinery and drive systems, and use of these concepts for design. In particular, the design of a permanenthmagnet ac machine is considered. The chapter aims to predict machine performance based on a geometrical machine description. It discusses the geometry and winding configuration and outlines the material properties, and delineates the current control philosophy of the machine. The chapter focuses on finding an expression for the radial flux density of the machine. This is followed by an explanation of a derivation of expressions for the electrical parameters of the machine. The chapter addresses the implications of the airhgap field on the field within the steel and permanent magnet. Further, it considers the formulation of the design problem. Finally, the chapter provides a case study on multiobjective optimizationhbased machine design.


A k-uniform hypergraph H = (V, E) is called l-orientable, if there is an assignment of each edge e ε E to one of its vertices v ε e such that no vertex is assigned more than l edges. Let Hn,m,k be a hypergraph, drawn uniformly at random from the set of all k-uniform hypergraphs with n vertices and m edges. In this paper we establish the threshold for the l-orientability of Hn,m,k for all k ≥ 3 and l ≥ 1, i.e., we determine a critical quantity c*k,l such that with probability 1 − o(1) the graph Hn,cn,k has an l-orientation if c < c*k,l, but fails doing so if c > c*k,l.
 Our result has various applications including sharp load thresholds for cuckoo hashing, load balancing with guaranteed maximum load, and massive parallel access to hard disk arrays.


Abstract : Holographic measuring techniques combined with the speed and convenience of video recording and display, provides a real-time system which can be used to reveal extremely small movements. By various excitations like heating, pressure and vibrations we detect object defects and structural weaknesses. In this paper we describe the system's construction, its modes of operation and discuss its potentials. Finally we give some examples of the applications of the system.


The single-particle energy eigenstates of a two-dimensional electron gas confined to the x-y plane and in the presence of an external-magnetic-field barrier whose functional form is B(x,y)=B 0 (1-tanh 2 x/d)z, with B 0 and d arbitrary, is solved exactly. It is found that the spectrum has bounded and unbounded states. The former are confined to the region where the magnetic field is appreciable. The lowest-lying eigenstates resemble the Landau levels of the constant-field case, but they also drift along the y axis with a speed proportional to the magnetic-field gradient. The unbounded states are extended either on one side of the barrier or on both sides, depending on their energy and asymptotic momenta. It is found that the discrete and continuum spectra overlap in an energy range


In the 20 th century, cloud computing plays an crucial role to prove a solution for the improve the performance of the load balancing. In this paper we are describing the load balancing algorithms with respect to various factors like execution time, waiting time, response time, turnaround time. This paper illustrates also various load balancing algorithms on architecture wise. We also proposed approach  that mainly ensures that a better performance with flawless load balancing.


OBJECTIVE
To establish a method for fast diagnosis of mycotic keratitis using multi-PCR system.

METHODS
Detecting 9 important medical fungi species (Fusarium solani, Fusarium moniliform, Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium graminum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium implicatum and Curvularia lunata) through a multi-PCR system. This method was used to identify the clinical cultured isolates and clinical samples.

RESULTS
In this multi-PCR system, Fusarium species amplified a fragment of 360 bp, Aspergillus species amplified a fragment of 430 bp, Penicillium implicatum species amplified a fragment of 245 bp, and Curvularia lunata species amplified a fragment of 300 bp. Human DNA and DNA of other microorganism in human ocular infection obtained negative results in this multi-PCR system. The sensitivity of the multi-PCR system was 10 fg.

CONCLUSIONS
Important clinical fungi could be detected and identified by the multi-PCR system. The multi-PCR method was proved to be a fast, sensitive and specific technology and has a good prospect in clinical application.


Dynamic infrared camouflage can need to change according to the background, and quickly from a state of camouflage into another state of camouflage. The image characteristics of various infrared camouflage states weak correlation, can make the infrared surveillance and tracking, target infrared characteristics of the real difficulty of the guidance system, unable to complete the target reconnaissance and combat, so as to improve the battlefield survivability of the target. According to different background conditions, infrared camouflage algorithm is adopted to realize infrared camouflage for equipment, so that equipment and background can be integrated. The evaluation of camouflage effect needs to be carried out through corresponding methods. Based on the principles of evaluation index selection, and given to evaluation object, evaluation purpose and evaluation method, constructs the evaluation index system, comprehensive selection of brightness contrast and color features, texture features three evaluation indexes. Combined with the specific test, the infrared camouflage effect was evaluated, the indicators were analyzed, and all the indicators were comprehensively analyzed according to the weight value. Finally, the optimal state for the comprehensive evaluation of the camouflage effect was given.


While the dominating societal discourse highlights the positive aspects of digitalization of childhood, families with young children may perceive things differently, even demonstrating various form ...


The traditional calculation model of streamer initial discharge is simplified and has huge errors from experiment if not considering the effect of actual electrode surface roughness, so it is necessary to improve the calculation model considering the influence of roughness. The main purpose of this paper is to improve the model by considering effect of electrode surface roughness. The power frequency discharge voltage of C4F7N/CO2 gas mixture under different roughness conditions is calculated. It is found that the influence of electrode surface roughness is stronger at higher pressures. Experiments are carried out to verify the model, which provides a reference for calculating the discharge field strength of C4F7N/CO2 gas mixture.


Letter from Dale Stone to Thomas Kent dated May 31, 1994. Stone notes that he is an irregular contributor to the field reports and includes an annotated list of birds he has sighted. This item was used as supporting documentation for the Iowa Ornithologists' Union Quarterly field report of Spring 1994.


Objective: This study sought to determine the association between periodontal disease in pregnancy and the delivery of low birth weight newborns in a rural population of South African women. Methods: This case-control study involved 348 new mothers. All subjects were recruited post-delivery from three public hospitals in the rural Eastern Cape of South Africa. The cases (n=119) were mothers who delivered through normal delivery and whose babies at the time of delivery weighed <2.5 kg. Age-matched controls (n=229) were mothers who delivered ~2.5 kg babies. Potential risk factors for periodontal disease and low birth weight were collected by means of a structured questionnaire and maternity record review. Using the WHO's community periodontal index, a trained dental clinician blinded to participants' birth-outcomes recorded the periodontal health status of each participant (intraexaminer reliability; kappa = 0.95). Mothers who presented with a probing depth ~4 mm on more than four index teeth without the presence of gingival overgrowth were deemed to present with periodontal disease. Data analysis included conditional logistic regression analysis. Results: Periodontal disease was diagnosed in 37.9%> (n=45) of the case group and 9.2°/o (n=21) of the control group. Low birth weight was also significantly more common among those who were unemployed, those who reported fewer than three antenatal visits and drinking on five or more days per week during pregnancy. After controlling for potential confounders, mothers presenting with a probing depth of~ 4 mm on four teeth (OR = 4.12; 95°/o Cl = 1. 78 9.50) or more than four teeth (OR = 4.95; 95%> Cl: 1.52 15.81) were found to be significantly more likely to have low birth weight babies. Conclusions: The study findings suggest that there is a significant dosedependent positive association between periodontal disease and low birth weight, independent of other risk factors measured in this study.


This paper is based on recent experience gained from working on the Huascaran National Park Tourism Management Plan, the first tourism plan in a Peruvian protected area. This experience suggested that ecotourism can be an effective conservation mechanism when designed within a participatory framework. This paper presents the context of the planning process including important contextual information about Peruvian protected areas and tourism activity, specific constraints to the process, and planning of tourism management. Special consideration is given to the participatory mechanisms used and the lessons learned during the process.


One of the most important phases regarding software project management is planning. on this phase, efforts and resources estimation must be taken into account considering human, materials, infrastructure, time, and budget. Generally, it depends on technical, environmental, human and political factors. It also can affect software final cost and development effort. The estimation tackled on this work was based on use case points (UCP) effort estimation technique, introduced by Gustav Karner in 1993. This paper considered both the best and the worst scenarios for developing a software product. It helped to verify and reveal which are the activities that may cause project lateness. The major contribution of this work was to provide acceptable software estimation for avionics system development and case study integration for an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) project. The UCP effort estimation was applied to just one UAS named preliminary testing monitoring station (PTMS). That system was considered as a key part of the UAS project. The strategy to get accurate estimate was the utilization of a well-defined software process, where documentation was continuously improved. This work has adopted rational unified process (RUP), Unified Modeling Language (UML), and object-orientation (00). RUP has a specific artifact for use case models and the estimation was accomplished by taking information from this artifact. Another contribution of this work was the development of a software tool based upon the UCP technique. At the end, this paper reports significant estimate results to help project managers taking important decisions throughout the project development life-cycle.


In 1891 Cu6not described a peritrichous ciliate from the holothurians, Synapta inhaerens, S. gallienei and, rarely, S. digitata, at various localities along the coast and islands of the English Channel. He named it Trichodina synaptae but later (1892) transferred it to the genus Cyclochaeta and finally ( '12) to the genus Urceolaria. He found ( '12) that it occupied the intestine of its hosts and not the coelom as he had originally announced. Cosmovici ( '13 a and b) studied Urceolaria synaptae in greater detail and reported division and possible conjugation. Both workers noted that U. synaptae resembled Trichodinopsis paradoxa, first described by Claparede and Lachmann (1858-1860) from the intestine and pulmonary cavity of the European land-snail, Cyclostoma elegans. There have been several studies of Trichodinopsis paradoxa. Schneider (1878) discussed the nuclei and certain stages of nuclear reorganization, probably following conjugation. Issel ( '06) presented much morphological detail. Faur6-Fremiet ( '09) suggested that the body-surface "cilia" were ectoparasitic spirillae. Cepede and Willem ( '12)' in a morphological study, concurred in this interpretation. Bach and Quast ( '23) interpreted the "cilia" as ectoparasitic spirochaetes. Pellissier ( '36) reported on the cytological constituents and on certain cytoplasmic structures.


The condensation reactions of α-diones with rhodanine and creatinine to give acenaphthylidene, isatylidene and thioisatylidene derivatives, which may act as potential bioactive compounds, are described. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis and spectral studies, as well as by molecular modelling using PCWIN model.


The water loss,growth and photosynthesis of four macroalgae from the intertidal zone in Qingdao,Gymnogongrus flabelliformis Harvey,Ulva pertusa kjellm,Enteromorpha linza(L.) J.Agardh and Gracilaria textorii(Suring) De Toni,were investigated at different periods of desiccation(0,0.5,1,2,4 and 6h).The results showed that E.linza had the best water retaining ability because of its morphological mechanism.The percent water loss of three other macroalgae were G.textoriiU.pertusa G.flabelliformis,but they had no significant differences.As compared with fully hydrated conditions(0h),SGR and photosynthetic rate of G.flabelliformis(upper-shore) declined once desiccation began(P0.05).U.pertusa(mid-shore) showed an increase in growth and photosynthetic rate after some desiccation(P0.05),whereas E.linza(mid-shore) had no significant differences after different dry durations.G.textorii(lower-shore) could not survive during desiccation.


Mechanical relaxation was studied in bulk polyoxymethylene by means of a torsion pendulum. The magnitude of the large γ peak at 203°K. (for f = 1.1 cycles/sec.) decreases with increasing density. The magnitudes of the β peak at 260°K, and the α peak at 400°K. do not depend on density. The β peak is small unless the specimen contains water or has just been cooled from a temperature above ca. 370°K. The activation enthalpies of the α and γ relaxations are 24 and 27 keal./mole, respectively. The relaxation time distribution and activation enthalpy of the γ relaxation do not depend on density.


Summary Experiments have been made on the abrasion hardness properties of polished cube faces of diamond in directions parallel to the crystallographic axes. Provided the faces coincide with the lattice planes, a four fold symmetry of hardness is observed. However, a misorientation of the face with respect to the lattice of more than 30 min produces an asymmetry in the hardness values. This may well explain why diamond polishers have seldom found the four-fold symmetry on cube planes, for it is very difficult to grind a face on a substance as hard as diamond to within a few minutes.


The article discusses several issues of liquid ammonia tank design and safety precautions in detail based on reletive information and experience.


Purpose: Barth syndrome is an X-linked rare disorder that typically affects only males. This study investigates 1) agreement between child self-reports and parent proxy-reports of HRQoL in boys with Barth syndrome and 2) relationship between parental HRQoL and parent proxy-reports of HRQoL for the child. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight boys with Barth syndrome and their parents participated in this study. The PedsQL™ 4.0 and the PedsQL™ Family Impact Module were used to measure HRQoL of the boys, and the parents' HRQoL, respectively. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was used to test agreement between the child self-reports and parent proxy-reports of HRQoL. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to test the relationship between parental HRQoL and parent proxy-reports of HRQoL for the child. Results: The agreement between the child self-reports and the parent proxy-reports showed moderate-to-good agreement. Higher parental HRQoL was significantly related to higher ratings of the parents on their children's HRQoL (p < .05). Conclusions: This study broadens understanding of HRQoL of boys with Barth syndrome using both child self-reports and parent proxy-reports. The findings indicate that the parent proxy-report of HRQoL should be used in conjunction with the child self-report when making client-centered health decisions.


The derivatives (4a)-f4c) of cycIopent[cdlazulene, an isomer of ( I ) , react similarly with carbenes (carbenoids) to yield 1 ,2-cycloaddition products. Unlike (2), however, these products isomerize under the reaction conditions to the hitherto rather inaccessible 2 H-benz[cd]azulene system (7) [*I which warrants interest as an isomer of phenalene. The copper-catalyzed decomposition of ethyl diazoacetate in the presence of (4a) [31 in methyl cyclohexane at 9Ck100 "C


This work investigates the evolution of the microstructure of an Nb-23Ti-20Si (at.%) based alloy, from the primary plasma-melted material that is gas-atomized towards the consolidated material (here using SPS). The nature, morphology and size of the solid solution and the various silicides are followed by SEM, EDS and EBSD. Homogenous and fine microstructures are obtained after the SPS step and are improved by a subsequent heat treatment (1500°C, 100 h). However blocky silicides, already present in the powder particles, cannot be eliminated. A better control of the primary material's microstructure would improve the microstructure of the final material.


Toxic levels of heavy metals are increasingly posing threats to all organisms on earth. One possible remediation strategy involves the use of plants to remove toxic metals from contaminated soils. It is widely recognized that genetic improvement of plants with increased metal tolerance and uptake capacity would be required to enhance the practical prospect of this phytotechnology. In this paper, a summary of the studies using chemical mutagenesis as a breeding approach to obtain mutants with altered response to toxic metals is presented and discussed briefly. It is concluded that chemical mutagenesis probably deserves more attention as it is a valuable alternative to transgenic plant technology as far as generating plants with improved potential for phytoremediation of heavy metals in contaminated soils or for studying mechanisms of metal tolerance and uptake is concerned.


Summary

The nitrogen nutrition of 93 strains of soil and herbage coryneform bacteria and 16 named strains of Arthrobacter and Cellulomonas was examined. In testing for the ability of coryneform bacteria to utilize inorganic nitrogen as sole nitrogen source it was found necessary to use a medium containing a balanced mineral base and a suitable metal chelating agent in order to obtain reproducible results. A suitable medium is described. When provided with essential vitamins, 90% of soil isolates utilized inorganic nitrogen as sole nitrogen source while only 30% of herbage isolates did so. Sixty per cent of herbage isolates utilized inorganic nitrogen as major nitrogen source when provided with l-methionine in addition to vitamins, whereas no soil isolate showed a requirement for methionine. For a small residue of strains from each habitat the substrate nitrogen requirements were not determined. Of the named strains examined A. terregens utilized inorganic nitrogen as major nitrogen source when provided with methionine and vitamins while the remainder utilized inorganic nitrogen as sole nitrogen source. For 4 Arthrobacter spp. the nitrogen requirements described differ from those previously reported.


Diethyl ether with the chemical formula (C2H5)2O is a polar molecule that can interact with the carbon surface via dispersive interactions of its hydrocarbon moiety, two ethyl groups. It can also be hydrogen bonded to oxygen containing surface functional groups such as carboxylic and phenolic compounds. In addition, ether is capable of donating a pair of electrons from the oxygen lone pairs and thus interacts with the electron pair receptors on the surface as a Lewis base [1]. The heat of diethyl ether adsorption on carbon black was reported to be about 36kJ/mol [2]. When adsorption of various ethers on amorphous nitrogenated carbons was studied the desorption energy of diethyl ether was found to be between 50 to 60 kJ/mol [1]. The objective of this paper is to study the adsorption of diethyl ether on two activated carbons of wood origin. The samples significantly differ in the porosity and surface chemistry due to their preparation by different activation methods [3]. These differences allow us to study the effects of oxygen containing surface groups and pore sizes, on the adsorption processes. The mechanism of adsorption is analysed based on the adsorption uptakes and the energetic of adsorption expressed as isosteric heats of adsorption.


Presses are manufacturing tools capable of exerting tensile and/or compressive stresses on the workpiece to accomplish mechanical fabricating operations. Using green machinery design principle, novel multi-position presses, composed of a two-step orthogonal toggle force-amplifying mechanisms and rod-less pneumatic cylinders with floating rolling higher pair, are proposed. The working principle of the multi-position press is investigated. Equations of mechanical advantage and output force of multi-position press are developed. Example is given to show the efficiency of the two-step toggle actuator. Advantages of the multi-position press include environmental friendliness, overall structure simplicity and ability of imposing equal output force on workpieces simultaneously.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


Objective
To investigate the inhibition effect and molecular mechanism of microRNA-124 (miR-124) on rat vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation.

Methods
We applied 10 male 11-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) as experimental group and 10 age matched Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats as control group. Aortic smooth muscle cells were isolated from the medial layer of thoracic aorta of SHR and WKY rats and cultured in Dulbecco's modified eagles medium (DMEM). Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-124 in SHR and WKY aortic smooth muscle cells. The SHR aortic smooth muscle cells were transfected with either miR-124 mimics or NC mimics control. MTT assay was used to explore the proliferation of SHR aortic smooth muscle cells in vitro. The targeted gene of miR-124 was predicted by bioinformatics, and verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. The over-expression of miR-124 in SHR aortic smooth muscle cells was analyzed by the mRNA RT-PCR and protein expression of Meox2 by Western blot analyses. Finally, SHR aortic smooth muscle cells proliferation was also detected using MTT assay after treated with siMeox2.

Results
The expression of miR-124 in SHR aortic smooth muscle cells was 0.22 times of WKY aortic smooth muscle cells (P<0.01). Over-expression of miR-124 could significantly inhibit SHR aortic smooth muscle cells proliferation. Bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that Meox2 was a target gene of miR-124. The mRNA level of Meox2 in SHR aortic smooth muscle cells after treated with miR-124 mimics was 0.29 times of transfected NC mimics control (P<0.01). Western blot showed that Meox2 protein was also decreased after treated with miR-124 mimics. Knock-down Meox2 could also arrest the SHR aortic smooth muscle cells proliferation.

Conclusions
The expression of miR-124 is down-regulated in SHR, which may be mediated by Meox2 regulation of SHR aortic smooth muscle cells proliferation and inhibit the occurrence of hypertensive disease.

Key words:
miR-124; Rats, inbred SHR; Aorta; Myocytes, smooth muscle; Proliferation; Meox2


Suramin is then given as an initial test dose of 100 mg. intravenously to detect idiosyncrasy and then at weekly doses of 1-0 g. for six weeks. The urine must be examined for albumin and casts before each injection. If considerable albuminuria occurs the course of treatment must be modified and temporarily or permanently stopped. In addition to its nephrotoxic effects the only other serious hazard of antrypol is exfoliative dermatitis and this is rare.


The purpose of this study was to find out how the application of PAI learning materials with cooperative learning models on student learning outcomes. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study type of research. Methods of data collection is done by using interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data display, and verification as well as drawing conclusions. Data validity test was carried out using the triangulation method. The results of the study show that (1) the cooperative learning method can improve student learning outcomes, (2) there are several preparations in applying the cooperative learning method to teaching and learning activities in class, starting with planning by identifying the level of student intelligence, implementation by forming groups small, and evaluation of learning outcomes, (3) the teacher's efforts to design learning more creatively greatly affect the success rate of applying the cooperative learning method, (4) there are many advantages than disadvantages when the cooperative learning method is applied to high school students.


In order to get the excellent accuracy for price forecast in the agriculture products market, the adaptive Radial Basis Function (RBF) Neural Network (NN) and Back Propagation (BP) NN are utilized to forecast the price of the agriculture products in this paper. Ten agriculture products, which extracted from Agricultural Bank of China at January, 2011 to December 2011, are selected to forecast the price about four weeks and compare the Mean Absolute Percentage Errors (MAPE) by RBF NN and BP NN respectively. Experiments demonstrate that the BP is better model which can get more than 99.6 percent accuracy than the RBF that can reduce the MAPE in the price forecast for the agriculture products market. Experiment results prove that this verdict is meaningful and useful to analyze and to research the price forecast in the agriculture products market.


1 Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada 3 Rolls-Royce plc, Derby DE24 8BJ, UK 4 National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK 5 SEAES, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK 6 NRC Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada


Starting a newsletter NEWSLETTERS can be an effective, targeted communication tool for almost any organization. They are immediate, highly informative, versatile and relatively simple to produce. Most important, they provide a routine channel of communication to a narrowly targeted audience that is often unavailable through any other medium. No matter how effective you think a newsletter might be, you must address several critical issues before taking the plunge. For while a good newsletter is read, noted and passed along, a bad one doesn't make it far past the in-box. Any successful publication program starts with a well-planned publishing strategy that takes into account issues of purpose, audience, content, frequency, format and distribution. In addition, you should map out how you will regularly produce the publication, so you can plan for its longevity from the start. And, of course, your budget will affect the choices you make in each of these areas. * Define your purpose and audience. Every newsletter needs a clear purpose: a single, overriding reason it is published. A newsletter's narrow, targeted message makes it a successful communication tool. Moreover, to keep distribution/postage, printing and other costs in line, you must carefully define your audience. One excellent way to make sure your publication is well focused is to write a simple mission statement of 25 words or less. The statement should cover both the publication's general content and audience. If you need more words, the purpose probably isn't clear enough. Preparing a concise mission statement isn't as easy as it sounds. You must address the communications needs of your organization or your client and the information interests of the audience, because these are the twin engines that will drive the publication's content. Who will receive the publication? Employees, clients, members, customers, legislators, the media? Talk with your potential readers to discover some of their interests. What message do you want to deliver regularly? What other publications and information sources already exist? How will yours be different? One excellent source of information about publications in a field is the Standard Rate and Data Service for business or consumer publications, which, among other things, describes a publication's readership and editorial program. In the case of an in-house employee publication, even though it may not seem to compete with any other publications, a company is always competing for the limited time and interests of its readers--in this case, its own employees. * Determine optimal frequency. Your newsletter's frequency is as critical as its content. Frequency can dramatically affect the cost and effectiveness of a publication. In considering how often to publish, you must balance the amount of information you can generate with the organization's capacity to produce the publication. As a general rule, the more frequently you publish, the more effective the publication will be from a communications standpoint. However, it is unlikely that you will want to distribute the publication on anything approaching a weekly cycle. Few newsletters have such timely content, or the capabilities, to sustain weekly publication. To understand the impact frequency has on your publication program, consider the typical eight-page quarterly newsletter distributed to 5,000 readers. By simply reducing the publication to four pages and distributing it bi-monthly, you could save 10 percent of the annual publication costs while increasing the number of read-throughs by 50 percent. If you reduced the publication to a double-sided sheet of paper distributed monthly, you would increase the cost 10 percent while tripling your number of read-throughs. * Choose an effective format. Once you decide the frequency, you need to address format. …


ART is the universal diplomat. If nations and races communicated with each other solely through the medium of their art, would there be national prejudices in this prejudice-ridden world? We see French painting and love the French, read Russian novels and love the Russians, hear German music and love the Germans; we read English poetry and love the English, see Negroes dance and love the Negroes; we see a piece of pottery and love the Chinese, see another and love the Indians. The spirit of every land, communicated to us through the medium of its art, breaks through, flies over national and racial boundaries, and elevates us, while we are under the spirit's spell, to a realm of reason and accord in which, for the time being, we no longer find a personal satisfaction in glorifying the imagined attributes of those amidst whom we happened to be born at the expense of those amidst whom, by chance, we did not happen to be born.


Ross,a scholar of intuitionalist ethics,tried to settle the moral conflict by bringing forward the view of prima facie duty.The prima facie duty is the right,promissory,ought to be performed,no-competitive duty.Due to the self-evidence of the prima facie duty,the people can know directly to ought to perform which duty by intuition as meeting the moral conflict.However,the prima facie duty has not reached its goal of settling the moral conflict because of the drawbacks of it and its foundation—the intuition itself.


This paper is concerned with a problem of implementation of a given social choice correspondence. The authors introduces an essential monotonicity condition and show that any implementable social choice correspondence satisfies this condition. Conversely, in a case of three or more participants, any essentially monotone social choice correspondence is implementable. In a case of two participants, the essential monotonicity condition must be completed by a requirement that the social choice correspondence is close to an individually rational correspondence. Copyright 1992 by The Econometric Society.


Endwinding insulation of domestic generator stator usually adopts closed structure with handwrapped mica tape or insulation box. Alstom company applied open insulation box to three- gorges hydrogenerator winding connection insulation. This paper mainly analyzes the structure feature of this type of insulation box to give reference for design of domestic hydrogenerator connection insulation.


Sphaerosoma trispora, an unusual, three-spored species in the Ascomycota (Pezizales, Pezizaceae) from Australasia is described and illustrated. Collections of the taxon are discussed, its phylogenetic relationships presented and questions raised about micro-morphological adaptations, methods of spore release and its ecology and biology


Using the torque method, one can determine not only the speed ratios in complex compound planetary gear trains, but also the magnitude and direction of internal power flows and thus the efficiency. A brief description of the torque method is given in this paper. As an example, a two-carrier compound planetary gear train connected in series was studied. Some more specific and difficult cases of application of this clear and simple method are reviewed – a planetary gear train with two degrees of freedom and a self-locking planetary gear train.


Many problems in managing state finances necessitate quality audited financial statements. Quality audits must also be carried out to maintain public trust in The Audit Board for its roles in conducting the audits of the management and responsibility of state finances. This study examines the factors that influence the audit quality of the government's financial statements, namely independence, competence, integrity, auditor ethics, objectivity, and motivation. The population in this study were auditors of The Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BPK RI) Head Office. The number of samples in this study reached 70 respondents. The research method used is quantitative, with primary data analyzed using multiple regression. The study results showed that independence, competence, integrity, auditor ethics, objectivity, and motivation positively affect the audit quality of the government's financial statements.


In addition to reporting on a variety of retinal breaks observed in eyes obtained at autopsy, Okun 1 described at least one instance of a cluster of many partial breaks located in an area with severely sclerotic retinal vessels. Similarly localized groups of defects in the retina have recently been observed in two surgically removed eyes. Grossly these had a pit-like appearance, and on histologic examination they proved to be the result of loss of substance from the inner retinal layers in narrow localized areas. Case 1 A 78-year-old white woman had a seven-year history of absolute glaucoma in the right eye. She had received two retrobulbar alcohol injections. There was bullous keratopathy, and the media were too cloudy to permit visualization of the retina during the time she was under the care of her ophthalmologist. The eye was enucleated because of pain. The corrected visual acuity in the aphakic


In this paper our experiences with anti‐inflammatory treatment of an infertile patient with azoospermia and concomitant silent genital infection are reported. The patient was referred to our fertility centre with prediagnosed non‐obstructive azoospermia and no spermatozoa were found in the ejaculate on two occasions. The patient showed leukocytospermia and was suspected to be affected by genital infection. Therefore, anti‐inflammatory treatment was initiated and 8 weeks later examination of the ejaculate revealed a decreased number of leukocytes and the presence of few but motile spermatozoa. Subsequently, two ICSI cycles were performed with anti‐inflammatory therapy in parallel and a sufficient number of spermatozoa could be retrieved for injection. However, in a third cycle without previous treatment, examination of the ejaculate again revealed azoospermia and leukocytospermia.


Though many organizations have been studying or emphasizing the need for a standard set of map symbols for large scale maps (1:240 to 1:4800), little to date has been done to develop a standardized legend. The main problems associated with producing a standard legend are, providing a unique symbol for each feature, making computer programing of the symbols possible, implementing the standard once it is adopted, and maintaining the standard. These problems and their solutions are addressed. The actual set of symbols and their development are presented in Chapter V of the forthcoming manual, Manual on Map Uses, Scales, and Accuracies for Engineering and Associated Purposes. This manual is being prepared by the Committee on Cartographic Surveying, of the Surveying and Mapping Division, ASCE.


The authors have develop a methodology for calculating the expected low-cycle fatigue damage in structural components subjected to brief nonstationary random loads. The methodology is extended to determine the higher-order expectations and cross-correlations between component damage levels which are then incorporated into a reliability analysis of an entire structural system. The system reliability analysis is based on the union of cut sets for failure events. Numerical analyses have been undertaken to investigate the application of the methodology to practical engineering problems.


We have developed a new type of laser diode (LD) module in the 1.3 ?m wavelength range coupled to a single-mode fibre with an optical isolator. The isolator comprises a highly Bi-substituted garnet film grown by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) as a Faraday rotator. Since the garnet film is used also as a window of the hermetic seal of the LD, the reflection from the focusing lens used for fibre coupling is not allowed to return to the LD by the optical isolator. As a result, the reflection noise of the LD is prefectly suppressed. We have achieved a low-noise and compact LD module by using this construction.


The Bio.Lea.R project has been selected for grant in Life+ Programme-Environmental Policy and Governance - Call 2009. It aims to compare the performance of a landfill for less reactive, biologically treated waste, managed as bioreactor, to that of a conventionally managed one, with regard to both environmental (especially in terms of biogas production) and economical aspects. During project lifetime (about 4 years), the waste moisture will be controlled using innovative and monitored liquid injection in order to extract higher biogas flow rates in a shorter time than the conventionally managed one


Patients with the rare heart disorder SCAD (spontaneous coronary artery dissection) self-organized on one of our online support communities and began researching their condition several years ago. The patient-directed research drew the attention of the Mayo Clinic, which now is conducted a major SCAD study.

The women who banded together to focus attention on SCAD were able to not only because they are united through the online community, and also because they did not seek ermission to do so. Through the WomenHeart Support Community on Inspire, they identified their own symptoms and similarities, and called attention to their discoveries.

This is a success story about patients working in partnership with industry, not in defiance of it.

Another example of how engaged online communities are, demonstrating how they are a wellspring for research, occurred when we created a detailed survey recently for the Inspire/Encephalitis Global community in February 2012. The five board members of the nonprofit organization Encephalitis Global--themselves all survivors of encephalitis--developed the survey and analyzed the findings. Despite the complexity of the survey, and the impairments that a number of the members live with every day, we received over 250 completed responses (apx. 17% response rate), and created a special report.

H. Gordon Deen, M.D., professor of neurosurgery at Mayo Clinic, who reviewed the encephalitis data, said, "Like other rare diseases, it is difficult for the medical profession to study encephalitis using traditional research methods, because so few cases are seen at even the largest medical centers. Internet support groups are starting to play an increasing role in rare disease research. These groups are able to assemble large numbers of patients with the disease in question, and present themselves to medical researchers as potential study participants."

This presentation will examine these and other examples of patient-driven research.

We founded Inspire with the belief that patient contributions to medical progress have been historically under-appreciated, and great progress in medical research will result from involving patients and fully valuing their contributions. Our 100+ online support communities are some of the largest and most active of their kind--particularly in communities for people affected by rare diseases. We have more than 75 exclusive national patient organization partnerships and over 230,000 registered members worldwide. []


This paper describes the efforts to model full three-dimensional unsteady loads due to aerodynamic, and engine exhaust effects for an AV-8B aircraft model. This study utilizes USM3D for baseline comparison, and a CREATE-AV product - Helios - to transition into an engineering prediction tool. The comparative advantages of the different aerodynamic load predict in codes involved, and the capability gaps to routinely predict engineering loads for buffet performance are also reported.


The purposes of this paper were to present aspects of interaction in a nursing virtual community, and to propose reflections about interaction, collaboration and learning. Data about participation and conversation are showed and discussed in a collaborative learning per-


Copper and zinc were effectively recovered by leaching low-grade slag with sulphate-hydrogen peroxide.The effects of pH value,leaching temperature and hydrogen peroxide dosage on leaching rate of copper and zinc were studied.Results showed that leaching rate of copper and zinc from slag reached 54.77% and 72.33%,respectively,under normal atmospheric pressure,at a leaching temperature of 70 ℃,with pH value of 2.5 and hydrogen peroxide dosage of 150 L/t.The recovery of copper and zinc was 84.97% and 96.47%,respectively,by using P204 as extractant and sulfuric acid as stripping agent.


One of the biggest problems encountered in rock mass classifications for tunnels is which supports will be applied in case of passing with different units in the tunnel section. While a weak unit is encountered in the top heading of the tunnel section, bench and invert section can be found in the rock. In these cases, while the rock mass is determined according to the worst conditions, there may be differences in the support system. While heavy support system is required in the top heading invert excavation may not be performed if the invert section remains in the high qaulity rock mass. In addition, the problems encountered in tunnels excavated in weak untis are generally encountered as failures in the tunnel support systems due to the squeezing mechanism and stability problems encountered in the tunnel face. In weak units, long-term failures usually occur after the completion of the support systems. In shallow tunnels, the design of the support systems is more critical since arching cannot be achieved around the tunnel. Because allowing deformations may trigger deformations around the tunnel that affects up to the surface. In addition, the effect of a failure that may occur during excavation in the tunnel face may be reflected up to the surface and may affects all tunnel support systems. For this reason, support systems should be completed without allowing deformations in tunnels excavated on weak soils under shallow overburden. In addition, it is obligatory to make face support systems in order to prevent any collapse in the tunnel face. Within the scope of this study, T10 tunnel support systems and tunnel design excavated in Telmcen Akkid Abbas High Speed Railway Project is examined. As a result of the study, the stability of the tunne face and ceiling is extremely important in the determination of tunnel support systems in weak untis. In addition, the tunnel support system pressure should be at least 2-3 times higher than the critical support system pressure in order to prevent squeezing problems in the long term.


Computational electromagnetics (CEM) is a natural extension of the analytical approach to solving the Maxwell equations [Elliott 1966]. This scientific discipline is based on numerically solving the governing partial differential or integral equations derived from first principles. In spite of a fundamental difference in representing the solution either in the continuum or in the discretized space, both approaches satisfy all pertaining theorems rigorously. Although numerical solutions of CEM generate only a point value for a specific simulation , the complexity of physics and of the field configuration are no longer the limiting factors as they are to the analytical approach. With the advent of high-performance computing systems, CEM is becoming the mainstay for engineering applications. Numerical simulation technology is the most cost-effective means of meeting many technical challenges in the areas of electromagnetic signature processing , antenna design, biomedical application , electromagnetic coupling, microwave device design and assembly. In fact, the military applications in radar signature reduction and integrated broadband communication system design have become the cutting edge of this relatively new technology. The technical transitions have already favorably influenced commercial ventures in telecommunications, magnetically levitated transportation systems, microwave data link optimization, and mobile antenna design, as well as microcircuit packaging. All computational electromagnetics methods also have limitations in their ability to duplicate physics in high fidelity. For a specific application, the numerical accuracy requirement has a direct connection to the computational efficiency. The inaccuracy incurred by a numerical simulation is attributable to the mathematical model of the physics, the numerical algorithm, and the computational accuracy. For example, in the electromagnetic signature simulations , the scattering-field formulation eliminates completely the quasiphysical error involved in the incident wave when it propagates from the far field boundary to the scatter. This accuracy advantage over the total-field formulation is significant by invoking the equivalent field theorem to accomplish the near-to far-field transformation. The computational accuracy is controlled by the algorithm and computing system adopted. Error induced by the discretization consists of the roundoff and the truncation error. The roundoff error is contributed by the computing system and is problem-size-dependent. Because this error behavior is random, it is the most difficult to evaluate. One anticipates that this type of error will be a concern for solving procedures involving large-scale matrix manipulation such as the method of moments [Har-rington 1968] and the implicit numerical algorithm for finite-difference or finite volume methods. The truncation error for …


The future faced by many academic institutions is becoming increasingly complex. Huber pointed out several ways in which postindustrial society will be different from present or past environments. According to him, postindustrial society will be characterized by more and increasing knowledge, more and increasing complexity and more and increasing turbulence. These, in combination, will pose an organizational environment qualitatively more demanding than those in our past or current experience.' One issue embedded in this expanding set of environmental characteristics is how well the organaization will cope with increasing uncertainty.


Abstract Background: Heart failure (HF) involves myocardial fibrosis and dysregulated angiogenesis. Objective: We explored whether biomarkers of fibrosis and angiogenesis correlate with HF severity. Methods: Biomarkers of fibrosis [procollagen types I and III (PIP and P3NP), carboxyterminal-telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), matrix metalloproteases (MMP2 and MMP9), tissue inhibitor of MMP1 (TIMP1)]; and angiogenesis [placental growth factor (PGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt1)] were measured in 52 HF patients and 19 controls. Results: P3NP, ICTP, MMP2, TIMP1, PGF, and sFlt1 levels were elevated in HF, while PIP/ICTP, PGF/sFlt1, and VEGF/sFlt1 ratios were reduced. PIP/ICTP, MMP-9/TIMP1, and VEGF/sFlt1 ratios were lowest among patients with severe HF. Conclusions: Severe HF is associated with collagen breakdown and reduced angiogenesis. A multimarker approach may guide therapeutic targeting of fibrosis and angiogenesis in HF.


The Ad-Hoc networks are the kind of wireless networks that their configuration is done automatically and also the nodes are moving with a certain speed. For this reason the created paths (routes) are often unstable and these paths are usually broken by switching nodes. In this respect, choosing the right path and routing mechanism become more diverse in these networks. In this research by applying some changes to the AODV routing protocols, two new protocols are presented: The first protocol is SAODV, which is a protocol for multi-path which finds the minimum length path between source and destination nodes and then sequentially sends the packets in these paths. The second protocol is SMAODV, which is a verified version of the first one but it finds multi-paths with minimum length for sending the control packets by the use of webpage rank algorithm and a smart mechanism for determining the amount of sending packets. This would cause the energy at any point in the network nodes with minimum variance and increase the network lifetime. The results of simulations in the NS-2 network simulator also verify that our proposed methods have better efficiency than the basic AODV protocol, and improve the network performance and decrease the end-to-end delay of receipt packets.


Abstract The complete chloroplast genome of Rosa banksiae var. normalis was reconstructed by reference-based assembly using Illumina paired-end data. The assembled plastome is 156,575 base pairs (bp) in length, including a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 26,008 bp each, a large single copy region (LSC) of 85,792 bp, and a small single copy region (SSC) of 18,767 bp. A total of 129 genes were predicted from the chloroplast genome, including 84 protein coding genes, 37 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes. The overall GC content of Rosa banksiae var. normalis chloroplast genome was 37.22%. Phylogenetic analysis with several reported chloroplast genomes showed that Rosa banksiae var. normalis is closely clustered with Rosa odorata var. gigantea, Rosa multiflora, Rosa chinensis var. spontanea, and Rosa roxburghii. The complete chloroplast genome of Rosa banksiae var. normalis provides new insight into Rosaceae evolutionary and genomic studies.


This paper provides a combined approach on the major issues pertaining to the investigation of cyber crimes and the deployment of Internet forensics techniques. It discusses major issues from a technical and legal perspective and provides general directions on how these issues can be tackled. The paper also discusses the implications of data mining techniques and the issue of privacy protection with regard to the use of forensics methods.


Abstract Currently, cobalt and zeolites are used in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) to produce gasoline-range hydrocarbons (GRHs) that constitute clean and environmentally friendly fuels. This technology has earned a great deal of attention from researchers across the world, as it provides a substitute for fuel derived from fossil crudes, which have hitherto been the sole source of the petrol and diesel required by the industry. However, owing to the depletion of the earth's oil and coal reserves and the unfavourable environmental impact of conventional fuel production, an alternative source of fuel is needed. This article provides a critical review of the technological challenges involved in producing middle isoparaffins and olefins (gasoline hydrocarbons) by FTS. These involve combining cobalt-based catalysts and zeolites to form hybrid catalysts. In this review, we address most of these by setting out each method of creating cobalt and zeolite hybrid catalysts in turn, so that researchers can identify which applications are most effective for producing GRHs.


After injury to the blood vessel wall, vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) synthesize interleukin (IL)-1 and inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS). The present study tested whether endogenous ...


C.P.E. Bach was the most notable composer of the empfindsamerstil, an 18th-century musical style in Germany that highlights an important change in the production and reception of music. This change is seen in the aesthetic philosophy of this period, which reflects a conflict between old forms of naturalism and a new modality of taste, in which subjective avowals of like or dislike become the criteria for aesthetic judgment. This paper addresses the interrelationship of the empfindsamerstil and aesthetics of its period, providing an account of this conflict between old forms of objective musical codification and a wholly modern account of subjective pleasure.


The improvement of the performance of the OLAP queries is the key problem in the data warehousing research area.When the data warehouse builds on the traditional DBMS answering the OLAP queries using the material views becomes the most suitable method.It us discussed that to rewrite the OLAP queries using the material views in order to improve the performance.A method to choose the optimal one is presented when more than one material view is available.


The sensitivities of Chlorella sp.to 10 antibiotics: gentamicin,neomycin, ampicillin,kanamycin,cephalothin,streptomycin,G418,hygromycin Zeocin and chloramphenicol were investigated.The results show that Chlorella sp.is not sensitive to gentamicin,neomycin,ampicillin,kanamycin,cephalothin and streptomycin,and they cannot inhibit the growth of Chlorella sp.in the concentration of this test.However,it is relatively sensitive to G418 and hygromycin,and very sensitive to Zeocin and chloramphenicol.LD50 and 95% confidence ranges of these four reagents in both seawater culture and decreasing NaCl concentration medium were calculated respectively.The results provide important data in developing selectable markers in genetic engineering of Chlorella sp.