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Korea is becoming an aged society. Accordingly, it is very meaningful to investigate the impact of job retention on quality of life (QOL) for older adults. We aimed to understand the pattern of changes over time in QOL of older adults aged 65 years or older based on employment status using the national data, the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA).
Data from the KLoSA during 2008–2014 were used. QOL was measured with the question, "How is your overall quality of life when compared to that of your peers in the same age group?" A total of 526 older adults were selected from 2008, including 267 who retained their jobs without change (job retention group) and 259 who lost their jobs by 2014 (job loss group). In order to analyze the factors affecting the QOL between 2008 and 2014, linear mixed models were used.
The average age of participants was 70 years. In men, the QOL was significantly higher in the job retention group than the job loss group (β = 7.751, p < .001). According to time, the QOL in 2012 (β = − 3.805, p = .003) and 2014 (β = − 4.254, p < .001) was significantly lower than that in 2008. In addition, the groups of retention or loss of job showed a significant difference in the change in QOL over time; the QOL was significantly lower in 2010 (β = − 3.570, p = .027) and 2014 (β = − 5.604, p = .003).
This study found that employment is an important factor affecting the QOL. In order to improve the QOL of the older adults, tailored programs are needed to understand the characteristics of the elderly and to create suitable jobs for them.
According to the Korean National Statistical Office, as of 2015, the number of adults aged 65 or older had grown to 13.2% of the total population, and is expected to reach 40% in 2060 [1]. In 2016, the average life expectancy was 79.3 years for men and 85.4 years for women [2], and elderly living alone accounted for 6.4% of all households in South Korea [1]. However, the poverty rate of the elderly in South Korea is the highest among the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, at about four times the OECD average [3]. Until the Employment Promotion Act was amended in 2016, anyone employed by a public institution or any enterprise employing more than 300 workers in South Korea had to retire at the age of 58, regardless of personal preference [4]. After retirement, most of the older adults wish to continue working in order to support themselves and their families [1]. However, 67.3% of wage workers over 60 years of age can only find temporary or part-time work, which does not guarantee a stable income [5], and most of the occupations undertaken by older people involve physical labor; in many cases, the environment is poor, and they work in occupations that young people avoid. In reality, it is difficult to get a job [6]. The average income of older adults aged 66~ 75 is only 62.4% of the national average income, far lower than the average of 90.1% found in other OECD countries. Over the next 50 years, the old-age support ratio will increase by 350% in South Korea; this is expected to be the highest increase among OECD countries [3].
As the elderly population increases, the social burden of caring for them also increases. Additionally, this weakens a society's growth potential due to the decline in the percentage of economically active population [7]. As an example, in South Korea, all citizens are eligible for National Health Insurance; premiums are levied according to economic conditions, and older adults pay a reduced fee. When they receive treatment in a hospital, they pay only 10% to 30% of the total cost [8]. Thus, due to the increase in the aging population, the cost of medical insurance for older adults in 2015 increased to 36.8% of total medical expenses, which is about 3.34 million won per year, roughly three times the average medical cost per person [1]. While seniors' life satisfaction and financial welfare are seen as important, South Korea lacks the social security or welfare systems to solve the problems this population experiences [9]. The national unemployment rate is 4.2%, and the unemployment rate of youths aged 20 to 29 years is about 11.3% [10]. In such a situation, chronic diseases and disabilities among older people are the main determinants of the withdrawal of older workers from the labor market [11]. In addition, Korean society divides the roles of men and women based on the influence of Confucianism, which emphasizes a strong father who is the breadwinner and a wise mother and good wife who devotes herself to the family. For this reason, to date, it remains harder for women to obtain employment than it is for men [12]. Recently, the government has enacted legislation to promote the employment of the elderly by prohibiting discrimination based on age, and is trying to increase the number of older workers by changing the age of legal retirement from 58 to 60 years [12]. However, these efforts are insufficient, particularly when compared to measures such as the Dutch Parliament's bill to increase the retirement age from 65 to 67 years [13].
Previous studies on older adults' work and quality of life (QOL) have shown that cases of depression have become more severe in unemployed persons over 50 years in the United States and Europe since the 2008 global economic crisis [14], that the formation of good relationships and social participation improves the QOL of older adults [15], and that QOL is found to be better for older adults who are involved in continuous physical activity [16]. In addition, the overall QOL is better among elderly persons with an occupation [17], and elderly persons who work are more likely to have a better QOL with regard to self-esteem, family, interpersonal relationships, and economic status [18]. On the other hand, it has also been argued that QOL declines due to lack of leisure time when an older adult gets a new job [18]. Furthermore, previous research has found that job loss does not affect health status [19, 20]. The impact of work on health and QOL has not yet been clarified.
In this context, most studies in Korea have examined factors affecting employment or the desire of older adults to return to employment [3, 21,22,23], while few studies have explored the effect of elderly employment programs on the QOL of older adults, or the impact of employment on the QOL of older adults [9, 18]. However, to improve the lives of the elderly, who comprise an increasing proportion of the population, it is important to identify patterns of change of QOL over time and in relation to employment in Korean society.
The global economic crisis in 2008 affected the domestic economy. Therefore, it is important to analyze the effect of employment on the QOL of those who remained employed from 2008 to 2014, and those who were employed prior to 2008 but lost their job during the crisis. In this study, we analyzed the pattern of changes over time in the QOL of older adults aged 65 years or older who had a job in 2008, using national data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) [24]. The results of this study will ultimately identify the specific impact of employment on the QOL of older adults and contribute to future policy development regarding the elderly.
Data and subjects
We used data drawn from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) [24]. This study was designed to enable further comparative studies between developed countries that have already conducted aging panel surveys, including the United States (Health and Retirement Survey, or HRS), the UK (English Longitudinal Survey of Aging, or ELSA), and Europe (Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe, or SHARE). The Korean Labor Institute conducted KLoSA, a collection of data on middle-aged and senior citizens aged 45 years and above, for the purpose of producing basic data to establish and implement social and economic policies. Beginning in 2006, the KLoSA focused mainly on the population, family, health status, employment, income and consumption, assets, subjective expectations, and QOL. Sampling was conducted by sorting the population surveyed in a given area and residential type according to the order of the administrative codes, and then extracting the assigned number by applying a systematic extraction method (the multistage and stratified sampling method). The survey method used for the KLoSA was the Computer-Aided Personal Interview. Because it was important to examine the subjects' job histories throughout their lives, the interviewers used a calendar to help respondents recall their memories. In addition, we applied weighting to reflect the difference between the information used in the sample design and the information used at the time of the survey.
The sample for this study was selected as follows. Of the 8688 respondents surveyed in 2008, the survival panel of older adults aged 65 or older was 4037, of whom 868 answered "Yes" to the question "Are you currently working for income?" Of these, 183 were excluded from the study as family workers (those who work for their own families), and 116 were excluded because they did not respond to the three surveys conducted since 2008. The remaining 569 were divided into two groups: one group comprised those who had retained a job (n = 308), and the other those who had lost their job before 2014 (n = 261). Of those in the job retention group, 39 had jobs in 2008 and 2014, but were excluded because they lost or had changed their employment in 2010 and 2012, and two subjects in each group did not respond to the questions regarding family income in the previous year. Therefore, a total of 526 respondents were selected, including 267 elderly persons who had retained their job without change (the job retention group) and 259 elderly persons who had lost their job by 2014 (the job loss group). In terms of job loss, 92 elderly respondents lost their job between 2008 and 2010 (Class 1), 83 between 2010 and 2012 (Class 3), and 80 between 2012 and 2014 (Class 4). Only four elderly respondents lost their job between 2008 and 2010 but were able to find a new one between 2010 and 2012, only to lose it again between 2012 and 2014 (Class 2). The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between employment and QOL.
The KLoSA data are publicly available, and can be downloaded from the employment survey site with personal information removed. This study was conducted following the approval of the Yonsei University Health System Research Ethics Committee (Y-2017-0007).
Dependent variable
QOL was measured using the question: "How is your overall quality of life when compared to that of your peers in the same age group?" Responses were provided on a scale from 0 to 100 points at intervals of 10 points; higher scores indicated a higher QOL.
Independent variables
The sociodemographic characteristics of the job retention group and job loss group included age, educational background, total household income in the previous year, and residential area. Age was regarded as a continuous variable, and educational background was classified into four groups: elementary school, middle school, high school, and college or post-graduate work. A respondent's total household income in the previous year was considered a continuous variable, and residential areas were classified as large cities, small cities, or rural areas.
The variables for health behaviors and health status included subjective health status, number of chronic diseases, grip strength index, depression, regular exercise, current smoking, and current drinking. Subjective health status was reclassified as good, moderate, and bad, and the number of chronic diseases was the number of chronic diseases (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, cancer, chronic lung disease, cerebrovascular disease, psychiatric disease, and arthritis) a respondent suffered from; the score range was 0–7. The body grip strength index was measured by the interviewers using a dynamometer, and the mean value of the grip strengths for the right hand and the left hand were used; the possible range was 0 to 50 kg. Depression scores were measured using 10 items of the Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression (CES-D) instrument, which originally consisted of 20 items. The CES-D includes questions regarding a respondent's feelings and behaviors in the past week, recording "1" for a depressive symptom and "0" for otherwise. The values are then added together to create a new variable, the possible range of which is from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating that a respondent is "more depressed." Regular exercise, current smoking, and current drinking were measured with two response options: "Yes" and "No" [25].
The social support system included: 1) whether the respondent lived alone; 2) whether the respondent was married; 3) the number and regularity of meetings with close friends; 4) the number of leisure activities (the total number of trips, sightseeing, outings, movies, performances, and concerts) the respondent engaged in over the past year; and 5) the time spent on self-development measured by the total time spent on hobbies, skill development, and volunteering. Living alone and being married were assessed with responses of "Yes" or "No." Meeting with close friends was further broken down into the following frequencies: almost daily, 1–4 times a month, 1–6 times a year, and not meeting. The number of leisure activities and time spent on self-development were regarded as continuous variables.
Statistical analysis
In this study, the analyses were conducted using the PASW SPSS WIN 23.0 program as follows. Descriptive statistics were used, such as percentages and averages of demographic characteristics, health status, health behaviors, and social support systems. Furthermore, differences between the two groups in 2008 were analyzed using an independent t-test and chi-square test. The changes and the differences in the QOL between the groups in 2008 and 2014 were analyzed using mean and standard deviations, with an independent t-test. Linear mixed models were used to analyze the effects of employment between 2008 and 2014 on QOL.
Table 1 shows the demographic characteristics, health status and health behaviors, social support systems and interactions, and differences between the groups. In the case of men, 59.8% of the job retention group resided in rural areas (χ2 = 26.04, p < .001), and 9.6% were more likely to participate in regular meetings than were the men in the job loss group (t = 5.24, p = .022). However, exercising regularly was 15.1% more common in the job loss group compared to the retention group (t = 10.99, p = .001), and living alone was 4.2% higher in the job loss group (t = 4.07, p = .044). In the case of women, the average age of the job loss group was more than that of the job retention group (t = − 2.41, p = .017); over 90% of the female respondents had no educational qualifications at all. The number of chronic diseases was 1.42 times higher in the job loss group than the job retention group (t = − 2.16, p = .032) and the depression score was 1.29 points higher as well (t = − 2.91, p = .004). The job loss group had more than twice the leisure time (t = − 2.06, p = .042), and self-development time was found to be higher in the job loss group (t = − 2.08, p = .041) (Table 1).
Table 2 shows that the overall QOL of the job retention group and job loss group differed, at 63.03 and 59.77, respectively, in 2008 (t = 2.21, p = .027). This gradually declined over time in both groups, although the difference remained until 2014 (Fig. 1). However, there was no difference when the respondents' data from 2008 were divided into the responses from men (t = 1.44, p = .150) and women (t = 1.27, p = .206) (Fig. 2). The relationship between the point at which a respondent lost his or her job and his or her QOL followed a similar pattern after the loss of a job in for all of Classes 1–4: after each respondent lost a job, that person's QOL declined (Fig. 3). In men, there was no difference in QOL in 2008 when both groups had jobs, but there was a difference of about 6 points in 2010 (t = 0.12, p < .001), 4 points in 2012 (t = 2.45, p = .015), and 8 points in 2014 (t = 5.08, p < .001). However, for women, there was no statistically significant difference in QOL from 2008 to 2014 for both the job retention group and job loss group (Table 2).
Linear mixed models were used to confirm the effects of employment on QOL. The VIF value for multicollinearity confirmed before the final model analysis was 1.15~ 3.12, indicating that there was no problem with multicollinearity. Table 3 shows QOL according to the presence or absence of work and over time. In the case of men, QOL over time was significantly higher for the job retention group than the job loss group (β = 7.751, p < .001). In terms of comparing changes in QOL over time, QOL in 2010 was no different from that of 2008 in both groups; however, QOL in 2012 (β = − 3.805, p = .003) and 2014 (β = − 4.254, p < .001) was significantly lower. In addition, the groups of those who had retained or lost their job showed significant differences in how their QOL changed over time; QOL was significantly lower in 2010 (β = − 3.570, p = .027) and 2014 (β = − 5.604, p = .003), confirming that time and work had an impact on it. The factors that affected QOL were total household income in the previous year, residential area, and depression score; QOL was higher when a respondent's total household income in the previous year was high (β = 0.001, p = .002). In terms of residential area, QOL was significantly lower for those living in large cities than those in rural areas (β = − 4.921, p < .001). Furthermore, the more depressed individuals were, the lower their QOL was (β = − 0.750, p < .001).
In the case of women, being employed, the passage of time, and interactions of group and time were not significant. The factors that affected QOL were the same as those of men, i.e., total household income in the previous year, residential area, and depression score; QOL was higher when total household income in the previous year was high (β = 0.004, p < .001). In terms of residential area, QOL was significantly lower for those living in large cities than those in rural areas (β = − 4.067, p = .030). The more depressed individuals were, the lower their QOL was (β = − 1.232, p < .001).
Aside from the significant factors described above, the factors affecting the QOL of men included current smoking (β = 2.554, p = .004), social interaction in terms of number of meetings with close friends (β = − 6.543, p = .003), participation in regular meetings (β = − 2.645, p = .011), and time spent on self-development (β = 0.332, p = .038). On the other hand, living alone was identified as a significant factor affecting QOL of for women (β = − 6.372, p = .005) (Table 3).
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of employment on the QOL of older adults during the period of 2008–2014. The results show that work was an important factor in QOL. For men, the QOL of the job retention group was higher than that of the job loss group, which supports the finding of many previous studies that QOL is higher among the elderly who are employed [15, 17, 18, 26]. Furthermore, in men, QOL interacted with time, such that change in QOL over time was greater in the job loss group than in the job retention group. However, in the case of women, job retention did not affect QOL. One reason for this trend might be a lack of statistical power due to the relatively small number of women in the study; another possible reason is that Korean society encourages women to devote themselves to their family, rather than take advantage of opportunities for education and social participation. The characteristics of the elderly women in this study were that their average age was 70 years, they had less employment experience, and had lived for their family rather than for themselves. Therefore, it is necessary to study in more detail, the relationship between work and the QOL of elderly women workers in South Korea using large samples.
Other factors influencing the QOL of the elderly were total household income and depression. The results of this study show that the higher a respondent's total household income, the higher his or her QOL; this supports previous studies indicating that economic status affects QOL [27, 28]. However, the relationships among depression, occupation, and QOL for older adults are not yet clear. The results of previous studies using HRS and SHARE data to identify depression in the unemployed in the United States and Europe revealed a higher incidence of depression in the unemployed [14], and the more depressed someone is, the lower his or her QOL [26]. Previous studies also indicated that depression scores were an important factor in QOL. Such results suggest that older adults in South Korea, where there are relatively fewer employment and welfare systems for the elderly than that in the United States and Europe [9], can be expected to experience more severe depression. Further research is required to confirm the relationships between occupation status, depression, and QOL.
In men, social support systems such as residential area and participation in regular meetings differed between groups. Traditional rural Korean communities are often engaged in community-based farming and leisure activities; the results of this study show that older adults living in rural areas find it easier to keep their jobs and have a higher QOL. Consequently, the results suggest that in large cities where family ties are weakened, a lower QOL is related to elderly people engaging less often in social interactions. This is supported by the fact that previous studies have indicated that having more friends and participating more in physical leisure activities and volunteer services improves QOL and lowers the mortality rate [29,30,31]. Therefore, it is necessary to implement policies that recognize and support employment as an important factor affecting QOL for older adults, as a means of interacting and communicating with many people, as well as a means of earning a livelihood. The results of this study also show that the QOL for elderly men was influenced more by whether they currently smoked than by the number of chronic diseases they suffered from, the amount of regular exercise they performed, and current alcohol consumption. Therefore, considering the low QOL of elderly male smokers, a follow-up study is required to assess how smoking is related to job retention and job loss, which is known to be either a direct or an indirect factor in physical and psychological health status. In addition, this study found that living alone affected elderly women's QOL more than employment. Elderly women may experience poor QOL if they lack time, face discomfort when taking care of their retired husbands, and if they are struggling with economic difficulties or physical pain [32, 33]. Therefore, future research should investigate the effects of QOL, family characteristics, and physical and psychological factors on elderly women.
In 2004, the government initiated the "Elderly Jobs Project" for older adults to prepare them for the problems associated with an aged society. However, while this initiative increased the number of simple jobs to support one's livelihood for older adults, it did not guarantee a reliable income for them, instead encouraging leisure activities through social participation and health promotion. To compensate for this, in 2015, the name of this initiative was changed to "Senior Citizenship and Social Activity Support Project," and the focus was shifted to volunteer work and employment; the revised project was then implemented. However, there are restrictions on older adults who want to work participating in the Senior Citizenship and Social Activity Support Project if they receive benefits under the National Basic Livelihood Security Act, Medicare, or the National Health Insurance Workplace [34].
In 2016, South Korea had the second-longest average annual working time in the OECD, at 2069 h per worker [35]. Those who work such long hours have poor QOL, although those who do not work also had lower QOL. To solve this problem and ensure a stable income for older adults, flexible work arrangements are needed.
This study has some limitations. First, the patterns of QOL according to the employment status of 526 older adults between 2008 and 2014 were studied; however, some prospective participants were excluded because we could not confirm that they had experienced a change in employment. Thus, it may not be possible to generalize our results to the entire population of older adults may be limited. Second, the number of women included in the sample was small, and there is lack of statistical power to explore the relationship between job status and the QOL of elderly women. In addition, this study involved a self-report questionnaire, so the potential for biased reporting exists. Due to this being a secondary data analysis, data on the amount and duration of current smoking and drinking were not available, nor were data on food intake. Finally, our understanding of the circumstances under which older adults lose their jobs was limited because we did not consider the characteristics of each job. However, this study is meaningful as a longitudinal study in which older adults provided specific data on their QOL associated with the retention and loss of employment. In addition, by suggesting factors that affect QOL, the results can be utilized to expand employment of the elderly in the future.
This study was a secondary data analysis that investigated the effect of job retention and loss on the QOL of the elderly using KLoSA data from 2008 to 2014. This study showed the effects of work on the QOL of older adults, whether they were currently or formerly employed. It is a meaningful finding that employment was an important factor for QOL.
Based on the results of this study, we propose the following measures. First, to improve the QOL of older adults, tailored programs are needed to understand the characteristics of the elderly, such as gender and cultural characteristics, and to create jobs that are suitable for them. For older men working with others, entertainment, self-development, and volunteering are necessary to encourage them spend time with others outside of the home. Second, to generalize the relationship between job retention and the QOL of older adults, studies on elderly women workers need to be repeated with adequate sample sizes. Third, studies should continue to clarify the relationship between occupation and health-related factors such as depression and smoking. Finally, in future research, it is necessary to confirm changes in QOL over time of young employed women, who grew up in a culture different from those of elderly women and for whom the meaning of having a job might be different.
English Longitudinal Survey of Aging
Health and Retirement Survey
- KLoSA:
Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging
Quality of life
Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe
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Kim HK, Lee HJ, Park SM. Factors influencing quality of life in elderly women living alone. J Korean Gerontol Soc. 2010;30(2):279–92. http://kiss.kstudy.com/journal/thesis_name.asp?tname=kiss2002&key=2843604. Accessed 10 Nov 2017
Ministry of Health and Welfare. Elderly health welfare business guide. 30 Mar 2016. http://www.mohw.go.kr/react/sch/index.jsp. Accessed 21 Jun 2017.
Korea Statistical Information Service. Average annual working hours per employee (OECD). 29 Sep 2017. http://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=101&tblId=DT_2KAA314_OECD. Accessed 8 Nov 2017.
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DM, Doctoral student, College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
EC, Professor, College of Nursing & Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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The KLoSA study was approved by the National Statistical Office (Approval number: 33602) and was conducted after acquiring verbal consent of participants in the study. This study was conducted with the approval of the Yonsei University Health System Research Ethics Committee (Y-2017-0007).
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Min, D., Cho, E. Patterns in quality of life according to employment among the older adults: the Korean longitudinal study of aging (2008–2014). BMC Public Health 18, 379 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5296-x
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5296-x
- Quality of life
- Employment for the elderly
- Aging


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2pcs Engine Motor Mounts Kit for Chevy Small Block SBC BBC 350 454 V6 V8 Engine. High Quality 2pcs Engine Motor Mounts Kit for Chevy Small Block SBC BBC 350 454.For Chevy Small & Big Block 283 327 350 383 400 396 427 454 496 V6 & V8 Engine. Package includes: 1pair Engine Motor Mounts & backing plates. Polyurethane cushion is ideal for storage and high-performance applications.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Dermal fillers are more commonly hyaluronic gels used to bring volume and fluid to the face, hands and neck. This stimulates collagen and improves the look and texture of the skin. The results are immediate and continue to improve even months later. With consistent treatments the skin can look younger than it did before treatment, even years later. Areas such as the under eyes, lips, neck lines, cheeks, and more can improve dramatically, but there are always risks.
The risk of having fillers include the common ones of all injections, such pain, swelling, bruising and infection. Important risks that make dermal fillers extra tricky is the risk of injecting the gel into an artery causing loss of blood supply to that area. This will cause necrosis of the skin and infection. If the gel clot moves up the artery it can occlude the artery supplying the eye causing visual loss. It is very important to have fillers done by an experienced physician.
Here at Eros Beauty and Wellness our goal is to make you feeling your best, that means trying to avoid complications as much as possible. The traditional way of delivering the filler is by using a needle. Done correctly it is a wonderful way to get to little areas where intricate work is required, like the cupid's bow on the lips. But this method has all the risks of bruising, bleeding, infection, swelling and skin necrosis. Because of this reason we are using cannulas, and having been using cannulas for a while to decrease these side effects.
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ROSENBERG, Texas – A Rosenberg couple saved their home and possessions during catastrophic flooding by using a series of connected portable tubes and pumps known as an Aqua Dam.
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Socha installed the portable dam on Sunday and it held as waters continued to rise rapidly.
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Scheduling Automatic Quarantine Tasks
A number of automatic quarantine management tasks can be run as scheduled jobs. Some of these can be installed and configured during the PureMessage installation. Others, including the Quarantine Digest tasks, can be manually configured.
- Index Quarantined Messages: (pmx-qindex) To speed up message sorting and retrieval, this task indexes new messages in the quarantine.
- Expire Quarantined Messages: (pmx-qexpire) Delete or archive messages in the quarantine that are older than the specified number of days and hours.
Default quarantine digest Scheduler jobs are created (in a disabled state) during the PureMessage installation. These tasks can be configured and enabled on the command line by using pmx-scheduler, or the scheduled jobs section on the Local Services tab in the PureMessage Manager.
The programs scheduled to run automatically are described individually in "Generating Quarantine Digests".


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Research Paper on Polio
Research Paper on Polio.
This papers is the short sum-up on the virus Polio and how WHO and GPEI are working towards doing the universe infantile paralysis free. This besides includes on the Epidemiology and History on Polio
Table of Contentss
Etiology of Diseases
History and Time period development
Ecological / Evolution theoretical account or political economic system theoretical account
Medical and Social Awareness to forestall disease
Contribution by Medical Anthropological into development
Plants Cited
Etiology of Diseases
Polio virus began with Ancient Egyptian and so it was found among many people throughout the universe. It would be hard to state where it originated or where was it origin. However we can state its root are merely present in 4 states by 2014 and out universe will be Polio Free universe.
Cause of infantile paralysis can be different that from HIV, infantile paralysis is caused due to usage of contaminated H2O and nutrient. Besides the major spread of this disease is caused because of the contaminated stool. Peoples were before really easy on utilizing disgusting nutrient or imbibe any H2O. Besides this virus is extremely contagious and this dispersed rapidly among people to people. This virus affects the cardinal nervous system therefore doing the victim paralyzed [ 1 ] .
Polio has cause many job through the universe. Many kids suffered from major palsy and their life became disabled. Doctors and Research workers had being their work on 1930 and they focused on taking infantile paralysis from the universe. They began proving vaccinum and therefore became successful. It was in 1988, the World Health Organization took and inaugural and adopted an attack to eliminate polio worldwide. It formed a group called Global Polio Eradication Initiative ( GPEI ) , who was funded by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [ 2 ] .
Globally every state took active portion in the GPEI plan. They created consciousness among people for the demand of the vaccinum. WHO of many portion started this enterprise, by 1988 where an estimated figure of victim were 350,000 in about 215 counties is brought down to merely 4 states to 406 instances in 2013 [ 3 ] . This is great betterment for the life of people. It is believed that 10 million people walking today would hold been paralysis if this remedy was non found, along with that the figure of child decease would hold been 1.5 million.
History and Time period development
It is believed that first polio intelligence was made cognizant at Rutland Country, Vermont, United States of America in 1894. There was a physician who noticed palsy among people. He besides noted that infantile paralysis could be caused without or with palsy. He besides said
"The component of contagium does non come in into the etiology either. I find but a individual case in which more than one member of a household had the disease, and as it normally occurred in households of more than one kid and as no attempts were made at isolation, it is really certain that it was non-contagious." [ 4 ] —Charles Caverly, MD, Infantile Paralysis in Vermont
There were some 132 instances reported, most of them were lasting palsy. Besides in this image you can see a kid with left leg being paralyzed [ 5 ] . This was consequence of infantile paralysis. Besides the Doctor discovered in 1905 that this disease is contagious and therefore can be caused with approaching in contact with another individual.
But it is besides believed that Polio was present manner before the 19th century. We know that Egyptian were the first one to care on rock. Peoples have found one rock where the individual is shown palsy on his leg [ 6 ] .
Since beginning of 19th century, there has been great incident go oning and many research worker and physician have examined palsy instances bespeaking it being resulted from infantile paralysis [ 7 ] . It is calculated that more than 2000 people died in lone New York City in 1916 because of infantile paralysis. This became a major concern for people.
It is estimated that 2.5 billion or more kids have been the victim of this diseases by 1988. Way back in 1930 & A ; 1950 the work for the Vacancies had began and the physicians started doing vacancies which can bring around this diseases. It is therefore estimated that by 2006 merely 4 states had the presence of infantile paralysis. And accurate and program run are taking topographic point to make consciousness and therefore the mission to take infantile paralysis is about to be fulfilled.
United States of America was the first state who was successful in eliminating infantile paralysis virus wholly 1994 [ 8 ] .
Ecological / Evolution theoretical account or political economic system theoretical account
We all know when it comes to the political subdivision, our leaders can travel to any extend in order to acquire the ballots. The Tuskegee institute was opened and founded by the March of dimes during the epoch of 1941. The centre was originally establishing for the infantile paralysis subsisters and politicians have played really large function in it. Franklin Roosevelt had founded this rehabilitation in the 1920, before he became president and he said by himself that this rehabilitation centre will merely let Whites people. Segregation at warm spring in province of Georgia became a beginning of political concern when Roosevelt foremost ran for the president for the reelection in the 1936. Roosevelt Franklin used warm spring as his chief topographic point or you can as his personal retreat centre, people who were against him in that country were discontinue with the attention of infantile paralysis that was provided by the rehabilitation centre. Particularly inkinesss were the most who were affected by this act. But there were rumours about the president that he was besides affected by this disease called the infantile paralysis in which he was addicted to the drugs and sexually impotent and needed heterosexual jacket all the clip. On the other manus President Roosevelt merely wants to derive more ballots. In order to note the Democratic Party, while the Republicans were claiming that Democratic Party isn't prominent to the inkinesss.
Medical and Social Awareness to forestall disease
Medical and Science have worked truly difficult to do this possible. WHO with aid of Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation have created many positive runs to take the infantile paralysis. Even many states like India have Polio Sunday where the kids are given free vaccinum of infantile paralysis.
This manner educating people helps them to understand the demand of working and contending difficult to take this virus else their life would be hard.
Contribution by Medical Anthropological into development
Medical Anthropological is cardinal thing into any research. For infantile paralysis it had helped really greatly. Early on in 1930, physicians had found the vaccinum for the disease nevertheless it was non so effectual, in fact it had some side effects [ 9 ] . The best vaccinum is which has no side consequence to human organic structure and it does the work for the intent.
Hence physicians started happening more inside informations about what is the disease and how is it dispersed. So larning about worlds and they analysing the form of the life manner is a portion of Medical Anthropology. With this they infact found there are three types of infantile paralysis virus. The most unsafe wild virus is Virus B. And with this survey merely they could happen the right vaccinum for the remedy of the disease. Besides the contagious diseases nature of the disease is consequence of this survey merely.
Medical Anthropological therefore has ever greatly helped to the development of the vaccinum and it has besides helped the scientific discipline in many ways. Without understanding the forms of the life manner of people it really hard to reason on what could hold really caused the disease and therefore happening the remedy for it.
Polio was really dangerousdiseases. Many people have suffered due to this disease. We should be greatly grateful to World Health Organization and their enterprise on GPEI, which has lessening the per centum of infantile paralysis to 99 % . Soon it will fall in the list of disease like Small Pox who happening is zero in universes.
Plants Cited
( 1916, 6 17 ) . Retrieved April 20, 2014, from New York City Polio Epidemic: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.historyofvaccines.org/content/timelines/polio
First U.S. Polio Epidemic. ( n.d. ) . Retrieved April 20, 2014, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.historyofvaccines.org/content/timelines/polio
History of infantile paralysis. ( n.d. ) . Retrieved April 20, 2014, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.polioeradication.org/Polioandprevention/Historyofpolio.aspx
History of Polio. ( n.d. ) . Retrieved April 20, 2014, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.historyofvaccines.org/content/timelines/polio
Poliomyelitis. ( n.d. ) . Retrieved April 27, 2014, from hypertext transfer protocol: //chealth.canoe.ca/condition_info_details.asp? disease_id=314
Poliomyelitis. ( n.d. ) . Retrieved April 21, 2014, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs114/en/
Anthropology Research Paper on Polio – AmandeepRakkar


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On May 21,2018, Judge Laurie Silverstein of the Delaware Bankruptcy Court issued an order and opinion holding that a post-confirmation complaint by a successor to a debtor was, at its heart, an objection to a proof of claim and denying a motion to dismiss the complaint or, in the alternative, to abstain from hearing or otherwise transfer the proceeding to a court in New York. See Penson Technologies LLC v. Schonfeld Group Holdings LLC, Adv. No. 16-51522(LSS).
A copy of the opinion can be found here.


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McAusland, Lorna and Vialet-Chabrand, Silvère and Davey, Philip and Baker, Neil R and Brendel, Oliver and Lawson, Tracy (2016) 'Effects of kinetics of light-induced stomatal responses on photosynthesis and water-use efficiency.' New Phytologist, 211 (4). pp. 1209-1220. ISSN 0028-646X


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Staff Writer@Blink
Bhubaneswar, May 17: The state government on Sunday said that Sambalpur district reported its first COVID 19 case in the latest sample testing.
The State Health Department said that it saw one positive case of the viral disease. This is the first time that the district reported the case while several other western Odisha districts had already reported such cases.
The total new cases detected in the state in the latest testing include 91. With the 91 new cases the total cases in the state touched 828.
The government on tbe other side said that it has also seen cases from 10 other districts which included Bhadrak which reported the maximum of 28 cases while Balasore reported 17 cases.
Other districts which reported new cases included-Ganjam (15 cases), Cuttack (12), Puri (7), Keonjhar (4), Khurda (3), Bolangir (2). Kendrapara and Sundergarh reported one case each.


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About: ForeverHis
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- Just a person in a difficult situation trying my best to figure out just how to do with all the different negative and positive emotions and feelings. For once I know what I want to do and who I want to be with more than anything else in this life. He is the only true home I have ever known. He is my everything, but I do not think he realizes I am for real. I do not think he knows how much I struggle with the pain and hardship of never getting to spend time with him. What makes it worse is it does not seem to bother him at all. Where his heart at one point was open there is now a huge cold wall. I do not want to argue or fight. I simply want to find the right way to be with him and if that really is what he wants. I know I get mad, but that can never take away my love. I know my worth and that I deserve so much more than this... and I pray every day that he knows it too. For the first time in my life I voluntarily want to join a church and have that kind of good relationship. I have done so many things I have never done in my life before for my love and would never do for anybody else. I know regret, pain, loss, and heartache, but I also know love, joy, happiness, completeness, fulfillment, butterflies every time like its the first... I miss him so much he cannot possibly know. I am trying my hardest but I cannot even tell if it shows.


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Size Matters
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Transcriptional silencing of Polo-like kinase 2 (SNK/PLK2) is a frequent event in B-cell malignancies
ICR Author
Syed, N
Smith, P
Sullivan, A
Spender, LC
Dyer, M
Karran, L
O Nions, J
Allday, M
Hoffmann, I
Crawford, D
Griffin, B
Farrell, PJ
Crook, T
Journal Article
MetadataShow full item record
The Polo-like kinases (Plks) are a highly conserved family of protein kinases that function in regulation of cell cycle and DNA damage-induced checkpoints. Evidence of a tumor suppressor function for the Plks in human neoplasia is lacking. Here, we report that Snk/Plk2 is transcriptionally down-regulated in B-cell neoplasms. Silencing occurs with very high frequency in Burkitt lymphoma (BL) but is also detected in B-cell neoplasms of other types and is associated with aberrant cytosine methylation in the CpG island located at the 5' end of the SNK/PLK2 gene. Silencing is specific to malignant B cells because SNK/PLK2 was unmethylated (and expressed) in primary B lymphocytes, in EBV-immortalized B lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs), and in adenocarcinomas (of the breast) and squamous-cell carcinomas (of the head and neck). Expression of Snk/Plk2 in BL cell lines was restored by demethylating agents. The related PLK1 and PLK3(FNK/PRK) genes were overexpressed in BL cell lines lacking Snk/Plk2 expression, consistent with functional degeneracy among the Plk family. Ectopic expression of Snk/Plk2 in BIL cells resulted in apoptosis, a potential mechanistic basis underlying the strong selective pressure for abrogation of Snk/Plk2 function in B-cell neoplasia.
License start date
BLOOD, 2006, 107 pp. 250 - 256


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|The wine is an alcoholic drink obtained after fermentation of the grape juice under the action of yeast (Saccharomyces ellipsoideus), which transforms ethanol and carbon dioxide sugars («boiling»of must). The other components of the wine are for the majority already present before fermentation: tanin, which comes from the raid, the skins and the pips of the barks; various esters, of which some are essential for the bouquet of the wine; various organic acids: acids malic, tartaric and acetic; this last comes from the transformation of alcohol by oxidation. One also finds glycerin and various rock salt, the whole being in solution in water more or less charged with colouring matters. The proportions of these various components, extremely variable, depend bea ground where pushes the vine. The wine can be prone to various diseases: the puncture transforms alcohol into acetic acid (manufacture of the vinegar); grease transforms it into oily liquid, following a bacterial infection.
WINE [ wain ] noun
1. Alcoholic drink coming from the fermentation of grape or grape juice (> Must) fresh > fam. Picolo, picrate, plonk, pive; préf. oeno -, vini- (vx or like. Juice of the vine, juice of the vine, bacchic liquor, of Bacchus, mashed potaties septembrale - Rabelais). Manufacture, production of the wine (> Wine, viticultural): collect grape (> Vendange, to gather the grapes), pressing, picking off, pressing (> Presse, to press), processing of musts - plastering (> Plâtrer). sugaring (> Chaptalisation), mutage, sulphuring, treatment with tannin (> Muter, soufrer, to treat with tannin), pasteurization... - fermentation (> Cuvage, cit.; ferment, fermented), racking.
Loc. Wine of (wood) shaving. *. - Vx. Clarification of the wines (> To clear up) by deposit in the barrels, joining (> To stick, cit. 1), filtration, heating. Clarification with racking > Élier, to tap. Fermentation of the wine in storeroom (fermenting room). - Containers in which are made the clarification, ageing, the transport of the wine > Fût, cask (cit. 1 and 2), ton (cit. 2), barrel; of Bordeaux, 1. divides into sheets (cit. 1), muid (cit.), quartaut. Part (II, C, 2.) of wine. To put the wine out of barrels (> Enfûter, 1. entonner), in cellar (> Encaver), wine storehouses. Wine in circles. Transport of the wine in the lightnings, the tank cars. Leave for the transport of the wine. Avalage of the casks of wine - To tap, draw the wine - prov.. When the wine is drawn, it should be drunk * (1. Boire, cit. 43). Wine bores some > also Baquetures, wooden tub. Remain of wine at the bottom of a barrel > Baissière. Setting in bottles of the wine. Sealed wine - Breeding of the wine: prevention and processing of the diseases, monitoring of ageing, etc.
Stockbreeder, owner-stockbreeder of wines. Wine which is done, improves, rabonnit, works. Wine which deposits (> Dépôt), is clarified, stripped (cit. 26). To let put back the wine - pitched Wine (Nectar, cit. 1), resined (Resin, cit.). - Wine which is not preserved, which turns - Diseases of the wine: acescence (due to bacteria), bitterness, breakage, grease > To lubricate (II), 1. growth (B, 2.), turns. Sour wine, besaigre (vx), land-mark, mannity, piqué, turned > Fleur (II). To taste the wine.
Chemical composition of the wine: water (80-90 %), ethanol (8-18%), acids tartaric, malic, lactic...; protids, potassium, phosphates, calcium, magnesium; anthocyanes and tanins (red wines), etc (more than 150 substances). Transformation of the juice or must into wine by fermentation, under the action of yeasts - Country, area of wine, the wine, vine, vine growing. Ages of the wine. To like the wine.
(Described or preceded as conclusive). A wine (and adj. or compl. N), wines.
(Qualified according to the origin, quality). [ has ] Cour. Common beverage wine, running (nowadays, blended wine * or, in the viticultural areas, wine without special qualification). Wines of table, current consumption. Good wine. Fine wines. High-class wine, coming from a famous vintage. A wine excel. This wine is better, less good than that which we drank yesterday - (1798). Local wine, wine of the vintage, coming from a soil not delimited. Wine which feels its soil, does not contradict (cit. 8) its soil. Wine of owner. Wine of palus, sand - heavy wine: wine running rather extremely and poor (Large blue *, large red * which stains). Bad wine > Picrate, residuary liquor. Wine gone up, coloured, recut - light local wine: wine of the soil, naturalness. A tart light local wine > Locust, ginguet, nasty wine, reginglard. - Wines of vintage, defined by a soil * (2.) and its type of vines given > 1. Vintage.
[ B ] Dr., comm. (in France). Loc. classified wine d' appellation d' origine control (A.O.C.), suppose a surface delimit of production, one encépagement specify, some content minimal of sweeten (must) and in alcohol (wine), a output maximum with hectare, some method of size of vine, of culture and of wine making in conformity with «use local, honest and constant»(it of exist more of 250 in France, include all the large vintage). - Classified wines simple (A.O.S.), removed in 1973. Delimited wines of higher quality (V.D.Q.S.), produced by soils well defined and answering precise rules of culture and wine making - Wines of quality produced in given areas (V.Q.P.R.D.) wines produced in the countries of the Common Market and answering similar criteria - Local wines (defined in 1968, then in 1973): personalized wines of table, without cuttings, answering qualitative criteria of encépagement (type of vines recommended), of surface of production, alcoholic strength (modulated according to the areas), of output (less than 100 hl to the hectare), of wine making (there are some more than 80 in France). - Wines of table, either " allowed for the benefit of a geographical ascription " (local wines, for France), or nonallowed (which can be resulting from cuttings: the cutting of the wines of table between them is allowed for the European Community).
[ C ] (According to the geographical origin). REM. 1. NAME OF THE WINES. The wines of quality are indicated by a label of origin; this one, in France, can correspond to an area (Bordeaux, Burgundy, Champagne), with a commune (Gevrey-Chambertin, Saint-Estèphe...), with a " climate " (in Burgundy), with a castle (in the of Bordeaux one). Another name is that of the type of vines (Sylvaner, Pinot Noir...). Finally the commercial appellatives (marks, names of people) are not mentioned here. Linguistically, a wine name corresponds to a frequency of use: one said wine of Burgundy, wine of Champagne, before saying: Burgundy, a Champagne - the names of the wines quoted below constitute more or less lexiconized names, in particular the wines French, Italian, and the liqueur wines Spanish and Portuguese; some German, Swiss wines and of the Maghreb are also known by their names, in French.
2. The syntagm wine French, normal and running in French out of France - e.g. in Quebec -, is not employed in France, except as regards international trade.
Wines of Burgundy.
Wines of the Beaujolais wine.
Wines of Bordeaux.
Wines of Mâconnais.
Wines of Côtes-du-Rhône
Wines of Alsace *.
Wines of the Jura - Ex. : Arbois (et vin de paille d'Arbois), côte-du-Jura, l'Étoile.
Wines of South-West.
Wines of Provence: Bandol, Bellet, Cassis, côtes de Provence...
Wines of Languedoc-Roussillon: Collioure, Fitou, côtes du Roussillon; Corbières, Costières du Gard, Minervois, etc.
Wines of the Loire
Champagne wines.
Wines of Corsica: wine of Patrimonio, Ajaccio, Sartène, Calvi, cap Corse, Porto-Vecchio.
Swiss wines.
Italian wines.
Spanish wines: Rioja; wines of Galice (Valderreas, Valle de Monterey), wines of Catalonia (Panadès, Tarragone), Valdepeñas, wines of Alicante, Yecla (rosé). Liqueur wines: Jerez, Manzanilla, Amontillado.
Portuguese wines. Vino Verde; rosé wines of Douro (like the " Mateus " and the " Faisca " or " Lancers "), wines of the Dao, Bairradas, Buçaco, Sangalhos, Ribatejo, etc > therefore Porto.
Greek wines. Reds (Naoussa of Macedonia), especially white (Peloponnese, Crete), often resined *. Wines of dessert (Muscatel of Samos).
Bulgarian wines. Reds (Gymza, wines of Plovdiv...), white (Dimiat); wines of dessert.
Rumanian wines (Dobroudja, Maldaire, Olténie, Transylvania).
German wines (80% of white wines): wines of the Rhine (Johannisberg), Hesse Rhenish (Liebfraumilch), Rhenish Palatinat; wines of the Moselle; wines of Franconie (Franken: valley of the Main, e.g.: Steinmein), wines of Wurtemberg.
Wines of Austria (of Weinvertel, Burgenland); New wine (Heurige) of the area Viennese.
Hungarian wines: of Gyöngyös, Eger (Bikaver or " blood of bull "), of Tokay (> Tokaj), of Kecsemet, Badacsony, etc.
Ex-Soviet wines, of Georgia, of Arménie, of Ukraine, of Russia (the Crimea), Azerbaïdjan, Ouzbékistan, etc.
Wines of North Africa
Wines of South Africa: wines of the Cape (standard " Burgundy " or - somerset-west; type " Bordeaux wine ").
Wines of Australia: Hunter Valley, Victoria, Barossa valley, Swan valley, Murray valley, etc.
American wines.
[ List and classification of AOC/VDP, vines, wines, vineyard and vinum ]
[ Dates, production, quotations and secret ] [ general File ]
[ wine making and the type of vines] [ the best and the worst ]
[ Temperature, Apogee, Longevity, Flavour and Food/wines ] [ Links ]


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Encinitas is an urban beach town that believes in fun! From the eclectic Leucadia which is now very upscale to the Downtown Encinitas full of fun shops and eateries. Moonlight Beach is home to Volleyball Players, many yoga studies grace the streets of Encinitas along with the Self Realization Center, which is a spiritual temple with ocean front gardens. Wonderful family neighborhoods are graced throughout Encinitas. Open space with hiking trails makes it special for being a beach community. The community of Olivenhain, part of Encinitas, offers horse properties and trails also.
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Based on information from California Regional Multiple Listing Service, Inc. as of Dec 9, 2022 5:01:am. This information is for your personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties you may be interested in purchasing. Display of MLS data is usually deemed reliable but is NOT guaranteed accurate by the MLS. Buyers are responsible for verifying the accuracy of all information and should investigate the data themselves or retain appropriate professionals. Information from sources other than the Listing Agent may have been included in the MLS data. Unless otherwise specified in writing, Broker/Agent has not and will not verify any information obtained from other sources. The Broker/Agent providing the information contained herein may or may not have been the Listing and/or Selling Agent.


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5 Top Common Home Remodeling Myths
Do you, like so many Americans, love to watch HGTV or other home improvement shows?
It's satisfying to see an outdated home get a facelift, in fast-forward. It's a little bit like going through your own remodel without any of the hassles or waiting.
One problem with watching a remodeling project on TV, however, is that these shows rarely take into account all of the "boring" projects that add more value to your house than the cosmetic fixes you see.
One example of what some may feel is a boring project is a new roof. Another example is adding insulation to your attic.
These shows are made to sell fancy design and a lifestyle, not to provide expert guidance.
Most Common Home Remodeling Myths
Myth #1: Any Home Remodeling Will Add Value
Many homeowners assume, because of how trendy it is to "fix up" homes, that any project will add value to their homes. They use this information to decide to take down walls or add expensive light or bathroom fixtures.
However, home projects aren't fool-proof. If you are taking down walls to fit your own needs for the house, you need to consider how a future buyer would want to see.
If you combined two bedrooms to make one big one, did you really add value? Or suppose you took down a wall in the kitchen but also took out cabinet space. That remodeling decision might work against you if you try to sell your house in the future.
Myth #2: Expensive Materials Are Always Best
This myth goes hand-in-hand with myth #1. Expensive materials don't always add value.
In other words, you may not get your money's worth. Or worse: you may have potential buyers walk away because they can't afford your house with all the expensive upgrades.
This myth-buster goes for indoor and outdoor materials. We encourage our clients to choose materials that aren't too far outside of what their neighbors have for roofing and siding. Selling the most expensive house on the block can be challenging.
Myth #3: Always Go With the Trend
Materials and designs that are too trendy can work against you in the same way down the road. Color, style, and shape trends change surprisingly quickly.
Hiring a contractor to help you through a remodel with many design choices can be remarkably helpful. You might think you are up for designing a whole project yourself.
However, your contractor has done a number of these. He or she knows the entire scope of the project. He or she can also shield you from pressuring sales tactics by guiding you toward more classic designs and long-lasting materials.
Myth #4: Always Go For Interior Cosmetic Improvements
When it comes to home value, both interior and exterior design and updating should be a priority.
The exterior of your home says a lot about how well your home is maintained. You might be surprised by how much your roof matters to a potential buyer in comparison to that trendy bathroom design you thought would be a big seller!
If you're trying to decide where to invest your money in your home, you can never go wrong with updating the functional aspects first including:
- Attic insulation
- Roof and gutter system
- Windows
- Siding
Not only do most of these things add value and improve the functionality of your home, but replacing them can update and freshen the look of your home immediately.
Myth #5: You Can Do It Yourself
Not everyone thinks they can do a home remodel by themselves. However, there are more and more shows and blogs devoted to the idea that you can do most home remodeling projects on your own.
The companion to this myth is that it's always cheaper to do it yourself. The truth is that most home remodeling projects are significantly more time consuming and expensive than you ever thought possible.
In addition, you are much more likely to make a costly mistake and hurt yourself than an experienced and trained team.
A good contractor can do the work faster, more efficiently, and cheaper than you can do it yourself (unless you happen to be a skilled contractor).
Even better: when you sign a contract with a professional, you are protected in case of mistakes and your contractor's insurance will cover the cost of injuries. This is not the case when you attempt to go it alone.
Bringing it Home
If you are thinking about a home remodeling project, it's always best to talk to a professional contractor in person. Often, a contractor can save you money and make clever suggestions to make sure you're getting the best value for what you spend. This expertise is something a TV show will never be able to equal.
If you are considering a home remodeling project and live in Southeast Michigan, please give us a call. We would be honored to help!
Let's Get Started!


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HUGE POOL FLOAT: The BigMouth Inc. Giant Waving American Flag Pool Float is over 5 feet wide! It's truly gigantic, and a fun way to float in the pool, lake or beach all summer long.
BIG FUN: This pool float is sized for big fun in any pool, plus it can be used at the beach and lake, too! Measuring at 64″ x 40″ x 7″, the giant American Flag pool float will have you waving like a flag in the waves all day long.
DURABLE, INFLATABLE DESIGN: Just like the American Flag, this extra-large pool float is strong, bold and beautiful. It's made of high-quality, durable, UV resistant vinyl with a patch kit included. It's easy to wipe down, inflate, deflate and store.
SAFETY: Genuine BigMouth Inc. products are made with the highest level of integrity as we take safety and compliance very seriously. All of our inflatables are safety tested, certified by a global laboratory and safe for your family.


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Lagom @ West Coast
Warm Wood and Cool Marble mixed with Eclectic Natural Styling
Design areas: Living Room, Kitchen, Master Bedroom with En-Suite bathroom, Bedrooms and Powder Room | Project completed: 2017 | Renovation budget: SGD90,000 – SGD105,000
In this collaboration with stylish owners, we created their perfect background to create a unique home where their eclectic mix of natural styling items shine. Keeping the unit bright and airy, we laid blond engineered wood in a herringbone pattern. Our signature tall skirting boards are spraypainted in white and kept to a clean an minimal design. At the ceiling, the detailing is kept clean to tie in with the overall lagom vibe.
Natural marble at the backsplash is offset with light shaker cabinets and the brass accents bring a bit of interest and layering. Keeping consistent with the bright and airy look, the appliances are kept as light as possible, including a white hood. Natural plants are bringing some life to the kitchen and we kept one wall clear from tiles, so the owners could display their colelctions.
In the master bedroom, we connected two rooms to create a walk-in wardrobe and a seperate bedroom. Large mild steel doors bounce the light through the room, but allow the space to be kept closed off to maximize the use of aircon. The wardrobe was spraypainted to create this light mint green hue, which is offset the with the wood floor and marble countertop on the island. Further styling by the owners added more texture and warmth
For the bathrooms, we opted for a mix of marble – specially cut to create a herring bone effect. On the floors, we laid wood tiles to contrast the clean, yet layered look. A grey vanity sets off the overall look and accessories like the round mirror, asymetrical light and other elements create a pintrest worthy look.


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Wisconsin Republicans Push For Regional Reopening
Republicans in more rural parts of Wisconsin joined with business owners to push for a regional reopening plan Thursday to give the economy a boost, as the Department of Workforce Development warned that the state fund that pays unemployment claims could run out of money in five months.
Meanwhile, Democratic Gov. Tony Evers said he worried that loosening restrictions meant to curb the spread of the highly contagious coronavirus in some parts of the state could lead to regional outbreaks. But he admitted that his next move will depend on how the Wisconsin Supreme Court rules in a case brought by Republicans challenging the authority of his health secretary to issue orders closing businesses.
>>Latest WUWM & NPR Coronavirus Coverage
Evers' current safer-at-home order that closed most nonessential businesses is set to run until May 26. Republicans want to take authority away from Evers' health secretary to issue future orders, requiring instead that she work with the the GOP-led Legislature on passing a rule.
Evers said on WTMJ radio on Thursday that he hoped to not have to extend that order, which was originally slated to end on April 24, but the future of his powers now rests with the conservative-controlled court.
Republicans have been calling on Evers to consider a regional reopening because rural areas have had far fewer confirmed cases of COVID-19. Milwaukee has the majority of the state's deaths and confirmed cases. Of the 362 deaths reported as of Wednesday, 204, or 56%, were in Milwaukee County. It also had about 39% of the state's confirmed cases.
Republican lawmakers held news conferences Thursday with business leaders in Appleton, Wausau and Chippewa Falls to call for a regional reopening plan. Republicans have not put forward their own plan to counter what Evers has offered, which is statewide and relies on a drop in COVID-19 cases before there can be a widespread loosening of restrictions.
"We shouldn't have a Republican plan or a governor's plan, we need a Wisconsin plan that the entire state can get behind," Assembly Speaker Robin Vos said in a statement.
Evers, speaking earlier on WTMJ, wouldn't rule out the possibility of reopening some less affected parts of the state sooner than others, but he worried about the potential for an outbreak. He expressed concern about COVID-19 cases in rural areas being undercounted because of a lack of testing. Bringing more people to those areas, particularly those who rely on tourism over the summer months, could lead to a spike in cases, he said.
"I never say never in this situation," Evers said of regionalization. "There may be cases where we do it. I think we can do a lot of things, reopening, that are statewide and impact all counties at the same time."
In the latest sign of how hard-hit Wisconsin has been by the virus, the Department of Workforce Development said the state could run out of money to pay unemployment benefits to workers who lost their jobs as early as October 11. That was the worst of three scenarios laid out by the department. The other two, which assume fewer unemployment payments, project that the fund will be depleted in January or September 2021.
If the state runs out of money, it could borrow from the federal government so that the unemployed would still receive benefit checks, said department spokesman Ben Jedd. The state's projections don't include future employer-paid unemployment insurance tax revenue, which would prolong the viability of the state fund.
The average number of claims per week is nearly double what was seen during the Great Recession that began in December 2007, the Department of Workforce Development said.
The department has been overwhelmed with calls from people filing for unemployment and asking questions about their eligibility. Last week alone, the department said it received 4.7 million calls about unemployment benefits.
Evers said that the state was adding people and "working hard" to process claims.
"We are anything but perfect," Evers said. While some people have complained of waiting as long as six weeks to get their first check, Evers said the state was meeting the needs of the "vast majority" of filers.
During this pandemic, WUWM's Bubbler Talk is focusing on the coronavirus and its impact on the Milwaukee area. If you have a question, submit it below.


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The museum's holdings of African art include rare sculptures and focus on the works of the Yoruba people of West Africa. The museum is family-friendly, providing backpacks of activities for visiting children to help them explore the world of art, and it offers free admission every day for youth under the age of 18. The museum has a popular restaurant, Palette, and a gift shop full of interesting souvenirs.
Although the Bishop Castle does not offer guided tours, large groups are encouraged to visit and explore the Castle. If a school visits the Bishop Castle for a field trip, they are welcome to listen to an inspirational presentation from Mr. Bishop himself. Although there is no fee for Mr. Bishop's presentation, schools are encouraged to make a donation.
The economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has far-reaching consequences, and businesses have risen to the challenge: restructuring supply lines, reimagining ways to deliver services and protecting employees, adopting new technologies, and going above and beyond to support relief efforts. Join Colorado's leading CEOs for an in-depth conversation as we explore the challenges and opportunities for the business community to reopen, rehire, and recharge our economic recovery.
Whether fact or fiction, real or mythical, these events celebrate historic traditions. The West is Colorado's culture and there's no better place to soak that up then the Colorado State Fair. It's an eleven-day extravaganza with rodeos, concerts, crafts, carnivals and livestock. Denver's National Western Stock Show embodies the spirit of the west over sixteen days.
The forty-five mile trip takes four and a half hours to ride, as it is still coal-fired, and winds along narrow mountain paths and in and out of canyons. Historic narration is available on the trains for interested tourists. Both the Silverton and Durango ends of the line have railroad museums; the Durango Museum contains artifacts pertaining to the history of railroading, and the Silverton Museum displays a Baldwin Locomotive from 1902 in the original 1882 Depot.
Top things to see near me, beaches, cruises, parks near me, underrated tourist attractions downtown, travel blog, attractions, places near me right now, vacations, family weekend breaks, mountains, open now, tonight, breakfast near me, affordable rental, campgrounds near me: Catskills, Pink Sand beaches, Best Places to Visit, Bar Harbor, Destin, Minneapolis, Jacksonville, Wedding, Key West, Nashville, AZ, From LA
Take a tour of the Argo Gold Mine and Mill to learn about its history, including its tunnel, which processed more than $100m worth of gold ore after its completion in 1893. This Idaho Springs attraction also provides insight into the history of the gold rush in Colorado. You and your family will not only get to tour the mine and museum, but you can also try your hand at panning for gold.
Buffalo Bill gained famed during his buffalo-hunting days, but he later went on to run a popular Wild West Show, drawing in big names like Annie Oakley and Sitting Bull. He died here in Colorado at Lookout Mountain, and Buffalo Bill's Museum was built here to commemorate him. See his firearms and Native American artifacts, or learn more at Golden Buffalo Bill Days, a true celebration of the Wild West festival in the historic town of Golden.
Whether fact or fiction, real or mythical, these events celebrate historic traditions. The West is Colorado's culture and there's no better place to soak that up then the Colorado State Fair. It's an eleven-day extravaganza with rodeos, concerts, crafts, carnivals and livestock. Denver's National Western Stock Show embodies the spirit of the west over sixteen days.
During the next teen years, Bishop and Willard regularly camped on the land and began planning a design for a family cabin. In 1967, Bishop married Phoebe and began building a cabin for them in 1969. One of the most prevalent natural materials in the area was rocks, so Bishop decided to craft a stone cottage. From 1969 until 1971, Bishop and Willard alternated working on the cabin and running the family business.
Today, the museum is a center for education, research, and tourism. It is centered on family experiences and holds permanent collections and rotating exhibits. Displays of and about dinosaurs, robots, space, weather, and expert docents give every visitor a memorable trip, and the planetarium and the IMAX theater have revolving shows and delight all ages. An innovative children's center is perfect for visits with young children.
Although it's tucked away in Colorado's southwest corner, Telluride parties so much its known as the festival capital of the West. One of its most well known is the Telluride Film Festival, which attracts celebrities and visitors from around the world. It also claims one of the country longest running film fests, the Mountainfilm Festival, held in late May. Carbondale showcases the 5Point Film Festival in late April, catering to adventure.
Bishop Castle is an incredible feat of one man's desire to singlehandedly build a fortress in the midst of the San Ysabel National Forest. Jim Bishop purchased the land in 1959 and began building his castle after he got married in 1967. He wanted to build a simple stone cabin for himself and his bride, but he never stopped building, and now the castle is a huge masterwork of turrets, crenellations, arches, and an enormous steam-producing dragon built from stainless steel plates.
Colorado contains most of the southern Rocky Mountains and is named for the powerful river that rushes through it. The state has a myriad of settings, from alpine meadows, deep canyons, plateaus and mesas to deserts and dunes. Visitors can hike through canyons and up lush mountainsides in the summer and partake in all the offerings and festivals of the capital city, Denver. Here are the best things to do in Colorado. CDC information for travelers. Hours/availability may have changed.
Romantic date ideas, interesting historic road trip, food, beautiful beaches near me, falls, get away, hotel, activities near me, state parks, dog friendly restaurants, zip lining, indian food, cabins, Italian, Indian restaurant, fall, cool, fun, things to do near me today: Tampa Bay, Naples, Jersey Shore Beaches, Fort Myers, Long Island, Panama, West Palm Beach, Hamptons, St Croix, St Petersburg, Honduras
Vail is a tiny town at the foot of the Vail Mountains and nestled in the White River National Forest. The picturesque town is a prime ski resort destination in the winter, but also provides ample entertainment in the summer. Vail also has a creek that literally runs through town – follow the winding curves of Gore Creek on a walk some peaceful afternoon.


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Trump strikes deal with Boeing for new Air Force One planes
EXCLUSIVE: President Trump has struck an "informal" deal with Boeing for new Air Force One planes, according to the White House -- resulting from negotiations that started before he took office.
"President Trump has reached an informal deal with Boeing on a fixed price contract for the new Air Force One Program. Thanks to the president's negotiations, the contract will save the taxpayers more than $1.4 billion," Deputy Press Secretary Hogan Gidley said Tuesday.
The deal is worth $3.9 billion. Officials say it represents $1.4 billion in savings from estimates of over $5 billion for two airplanes and related costs.
A Boeing official said the agreement covers two aircraft, "including things unique to Air Force One such as a communications suite, internal and external stairs, large galleys and other equipment."
The company said in a statement: "Boeing is proud to build the next generation of Air Force One, providing American Presidents with a flying White House at outstanding value to taxpayers. President Trump negotiated a good deal on behalf of the American people."
The president has been working to negotiate a new Air Force One deal ever since the presidential transition period in late 2016, when he complained on Twitter about the cost of the Boeing project and threatened to cancel the order.
He said at the time the costs were "out of control."
The original projected price of the contract was $3 billion, but costs kept rising. When Trump objected in late 2016, he complained that costs were creeping past $4 billion.
Now, the White House says the costs would have been over $5 billion. According to an official with knowledge of the program, though, the total cost estimate was always over $5 billion -- the official explained that Trump simply "was given bad information in 2016" when he tweeted that the cost was $4 billion.
The planes are meant to replace the aging Reagan-era aircraft currently in use.
"I think Boeing is doing a little bit of a number. We want Boeing to make a lot of money, but not that much money," Trump said in December 2016.
Defense One reported last week that Trump was in the final stages of negotiating the deal for two new airplanes, and met with Boeing CEO Dennis Muilenburg at the White House.
The negotiations covered the overhaul of two 747 airliners.


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Though titled, "MotoGP Basics Tyre & Front Suspension" this video is a very good dynamic explanation of both the vertical (gravity) and lateral (radial or centripetal) forces acting against tyres and wheels. These same forces (albeit much less in N)
which are acting upon a bicycle as well.
When lateral force is greater than vertical force…(usually the front) wheel go buh bye… 😛 Referred to as a wash out or a low side. Your bicycle is a rolling physics lab, it is an amazing piece of machinery. Efficient and relatively simple, yet the complexity of applied forces in action are astounding.
Another part of the video explains the action of the front fork suspension on a motorcycle, which is the exact same action as a mtb bike fork. And btw… I know 'Air' is the hot ticket right now in mtb suspensions, but the best forks in the world (GP/SBK) are utilizing oil and springs, so that should tell you something…


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Offit Kurman Attorneys Recognized as Baltimore SmartCEO Legal Elite
November 2010 Offit Kurman attorneys Michael Mercurio, Buddy Potler, and Jon Wachs were recognized as Legal Elite in the November 2010 edition of the Baltimore SmartCEO publication. The Legal Elite is a Readers Poll conducted by SmartCEO to recognize "the go-to attorneys in business law…from sole practitioners to nationwide firms." Offit Kurman is proud of its recognized attorneys. Read the full November 2010 edition of the Baltimore SmartCEO here.


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"Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! In His great mercy He has given us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead" – 1 Peter: 1:3
Let your heart rejoice with the glorious expectations of all riches and treasures that await you in heaven. Thank God for such a hope and turn your thoughts away from all the burdens and worries of the world. Renew your mind with thoughts of pure untainted inheritance that is waiting for you- an inheritance that can never be destroyed.
Prayer focuses our hearts on heaven while our feet remain firmly planted on the earth. So even if you are involved in a bitter struggle here on earth, remember your inheritance in heaven and praise the Lord.
I thank and praise You, Holy God, for all the treasures that have set aside for me in heaven. Amen.
SOURCE: Culled from Grace for Each Moment Devotionals.


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CelticMKE Milwaukee Irish Fest Irish Fest Scrapbook School of Music Summer School Ward Irish Music Archives
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Pennsylvania-based House of Hamill is a fixture on festival stages across the US, and have shared their music and stories on the country's premier folk stages. Their version of "Pound a Week Rise" rose to #1 on the US Folk DJ charts, and the video for their all-violin cover of "Sweet Child O' Mine" amassed over 16 million views on Facebook, where it was shared over 400,000 times. Their latest release, "Folk Hero," captures perfectly the frenetic energy and eclecticism of their always engaging live show. A lively collection of original instrumentals, reimagined folk ballads, and new songs that showcase the trio's versatility, "Folk Hero" is the third House of Hamill album to be funded entirely by their fans.
Whether they're ripping through a set of original jigs and reels, adding lush three-part harmonies into traditional folk ballads, or cracking up an audience with stories from the road, House of Hamill puts on a show that captivates audiences from the very first note.
Fri, August 19
06:00 PM - 7:15 PMMiller Lite Stage
Sat, August 20
12:15 PM - 1:15 PMAer Lingus Stage
Sun, August 21
12:45 PM - 2:00 PMAer Lingus Stage
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Photography has long been a passion of mine, but only as a hobby. After a couple years of editing video, I finally gathered the courage to offer photography as a professional service.
I love shooting lifestyle portraits as well as events! Head on over to my BLOG to read the stories of these sessions!


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I think it's been a while since I did a Sunday Shout Out so here's another blog for you to check out. This week it is a blog by a new friend of mine, Nicole Jayne at Nic.com about her life and everything related. Personally, I think she is very brave as in August she is doing a skydive for charity - read about it HERE, the money is going to The Princess Alexandra Hospital's Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Nicole, not one to shirk on a challenge, is trying to raise at least £500 for the cause. I have already donated.
If you want to donate and don't want to have to go through Nicole's blog for the link (though I don't know why you would want to do that) then you can donate right now. Let us know if you do as I know Nicole and many mothers will appreciate it.


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"I think that you've got to be prepared to write a load of nonsense to start with and then you can tart it up. The business of getting going, getting started, is enormously important, and this can be physical. Solvitur Ambulando as the Romans used to say, which means the solution comes through walking."
Colin Dexter