text:
Mom insists 6-Years old son is transgender and wants immediate transition
Dr. Anne Georgulas, a pediatrician and mother of James Damon Younger, wanted to enroll her first-grade son to a gender-affirming program GENECIS. She changed his name from James to Luna. She insists that her son is transgender (and likely homosexual), citing a therapist diagnosis.
However, Jame's dad claims his son prefers to wear boy's clothes. He violently refused to wear girl's clothes at his home. It began in 2015 when 5-years old son James picked a "Frozen" McDonald's toy. The mother concluded, along with "other signs" that James is gay.
→ Nett Gochuico, testimony of an abused child.
Mother wants the father to pay for puberty blockers
Court documents that were available in savejames.com, (but removed after the court rule), revealed that the wife also accused the father of child abuse in their divorce proceedings—he refused to pay for their child's transgender therapy.
The mom wants to remove the father's parental rights. James' uncle says he likes basketball, but his mother encouraged James to dress up like a girl and even put nail polish on James.
Nobody wins
The therapist's notes indicate that James chose to identify as a girl when he was in sessions alone with his mother, but chose to identify as a boy when he was in sessions alone with his father.
At one point, "James tore up the female clothes and threw them away," said his father. "They [the clothes] seemed to disturb him." In the end, nobody wins in this situation.
→ Drag Queens teach "gay stuff" in primary school.
UPDATE: Dad loses in court
On October 21, 2019, the 11-12 jury ruled in favor of the mother. This means that James' mother, Dr. Anne Georgulas, is free to transition him to a girl by subjecting him to chemical castration, puberty blockers, and eventually cross-sex hormones. (LifeSite)
→ Judge Marzari ordered dad not to refer to daughter as "girl."
The Battle of Worldviews
As the world gets deeper into demonic ideologies such as gender fluidity, there's no turning back once James undergoes a transition. "The diagnosis is critical because labeling a child with gender dysphoria can trigger a series of physical and mental consequences," says Walt Heyer, a former transgender person.
The ironic logic of leftist liberal ideology:
Can I have a cigarette? NO, you're 6 years old
Can I have a beer? NO, you're 6 years old
Can I drive the car? NO, you're 6 years old
Can I take gender transition hormones and change my sex? YES, you know best!
The demonic influence of far-left liberal ideology is evident; we're closer to God's Divine Judgment. During the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists considered an estrogen treatment to help recovery.
→ Ridiculous political tolerance of leftist democrats in the US
Equality and diversity was God's original plan.
Young Becket Cook molested by friend's father.
Jackie Hill: Is God calling you to be straight?
DISCLAIMER: All views expressed on this website are the personal opinion of the author and not the entity, person, or product that may appear or cited in this blog. Likewise, all links or references shown here do not necessarily share the same views as the author. Send us your comments and suggestions.


text:
After 18 months of working remotely, we are delighted to bring together our Raise Ventures team and our startups for Digital DNA.
Look out for Pryntd, Armour, Scanmatix, Umazi, Cybrisc, Tisec, MyPAM, BrokerIQ, Invisible Building and more.
Joanne Cole of BrokerIQ will be on stage on Tuesday 28th September at 11.30am. Joanne is passionate about helping digitise the insurance broker industry and will be on stage with Ed Axon from Trov Insurance to discuss radical changes in the insurance industryJenny Ervine of Raise will be on stage on Wednesday 29th September at 11.30am. Jenny is passionate about connecting startups to investors and helping them on their investment journey. On stage will be Raise, Clarendon, Par Equity and Seedlegals.
Win 2x Digital DNA tickets!
For your chance to win 2 x Digital DNA tickets simply jump into Twitter and tweet:
See you at @DigitalDNAHQ @Raise_Ventures @ITUS_Tech @OperationArmour @Scanmatix @Brokeriq @myCredential @Mypam11 @theshawe @mwmcdowell @jemmarketing1And we will do a raffle on Monday 27th September will at the tweets and announce the win.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Electromagnetic Mass Flowmeters
FME series smart electromagnetic flowmeter converter with new technology is made for high performance. It adopts embedded 16-bit microprocessor technology. It features normal-reverse direction flow measurement, positive or negative total flow, etc. above else. It can measure volume flow of conductive liquids such as water, sewage, acid, alkali and salt as well as mixture of liquid and solid.
Three Mass Flowmeters types are available: Integral, Remote and No Display.


text:
Elk Whole Tenderloin
Tender and rich, our premium Elk Whole Tenderloin Roast will make you and your guests feel like you're dining at a world-class restaurant. Perfect for a special event or for turning an average weeknight dinner into a meal to remember.
- 2 lbs each
Out of stock


text:
UPDATE 12/15/16 @ 7:26 pm: Season 2 is now live on Amazon Prime.
Season 2 of the hit Amazon Prime series Man in the High Castle comes out on Friday, December 16. But what time will the first episode become available? Will all the episodes post at once?
Amazon has promoted no exact release time other than the ambiguous "December 16" release date, suggesting that episode 1, titled "The Tiger's Cave," could become available to fans of the alternative history drama as early as 12:01 am. A Wikipedia page about the 10-episode season also suggests that all the episodes will drop at once, which would be in line with how the episodes were released last year.
In regards to a specific release time, Netflix uses a similar tactic in not announcing an exact release time for its most popular original series like House of Cards and Daredevil, but they usually drop sometime around midnight, too.
However, the series has already premiered in the United Kingdom, according to one Redditor.
The Man in the High Castle is an American dystopian alternative history series produced by Amazon Prime and loosely based off of a 1962 novel of the same name by Philip K. Dick. The series imagines a world where the Axis powers, consisting of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan, won World War II and partitioned the United State into puppet states.
The pilot premiered in February 2015 and, according to IMDB, became Amazon's most-watched series since its original series development program began.


text:
- Matt Esnayra
Shooting in North L.B Leaves One Man Dead
LBPD is investigating a shooting that left one man dying on the sidewalk from multiple gunshot wounds in the DeForest Park neighborhood of Long Beach.
Police were sent to the 400 block of Adair Street at roughly 10:00 p.m. Tuesday. When officers reached the scene, they found a male victim lying near the sidewalk with gunshot wounds to his upper and lower body.
LBFD determined the victim was dead at the scene.
The victim was identified as 33-year-old Braulio Chavarin of Long Beach.
Investigators believe the suspect fled on foot toward Linden Avenue immediately after the shooting.
The reason for the shooting is currently unknown


text:
Due to multiple calendar conflicts with other events that involve key participants at the GCP General Research Meeting (GRM) 2014, we have most regrettably had to reschedule the GRM, which will now be held on 6th to 10th October 2014, and not on 1st to 6th September, as we had communicated earlier.
While we are still reviewing options on the venue, the purpose of this final GRM is clear-cut and twofold:
With this futures perspective in mind, one of the planned activities – to which considerable time will be devoted – is defining user needs, and how to best support these needs, in the context of IBP. For this objective, we would be seeking to work hand-in-hand with current and previous GCP scientists as core users and as partners in feedback and advocacy, specifically in developing, deploying, improving and disseminating IBP's Breeding Management System, version 3 of which is slated for release in August 2014.


text:
June 4, 2021
30 Years Since the Tiananmen Square Massacre
May the Goddess of Liberty
once again raise Her torch
in Tiananmen Square,
for Her children in China,
and through all the world.
PaganSquare is a community blog space where Pagans can discuss topics relevant to the life and spiritual practice of all Pagans.
June 4, 2021
30 Years Since the Tiananmen Square Massacre
May the Goddess of Liberty
once again raise Her torch
in Tiananmen Square,
for Her children in China,
and through all the world.
As a little gay witch kid growing up in a time and place when it wasn't safe to be either, I learned early on: Let them think what they want to. In my own heart, I can be free.
Not having to follow someone else's rules is freedom from one kind of slavery.
(I might add that I've spent the rest of my life working to make it so that no one else ever has to live like that again. We're certainly not there yet—maybe we never will be—but we're well on the way.)
A friend of mine prides herself on never following recipes. To her mind, this makes her free. Maybe so. To my mind, though, this makes her just as much as a slave as someone who slavishly has to follow every last detail of every last recipe. It isn't following the rules or not following the rules that frees; it's the choice to follow, or not to follow, in any given case. The choosing frees, and in this sense we free ourselves every day, with every action that we take.
Not having to follow your own rules is freedom from another kind of slavery.
Ye shall be free from slavery, the Lady of Witches promises her people. It's quite a promise. But hear how she goes on: ...and as a sign that ye be truly free, ye shall be naked in your rites.
There's physical bondage and there's mental bondage, and it's clearly the latter that she's talking about here. That's her promise to her people: that social norms that constrain others will simply not be binding on us.
Here's the kicker: what she does not mean here is that all of our rituals have to be skyclad rituals. That in itself would be a form of enslavement, enslavement to the Goddess herself. What she wants for us—what she expects of us—is that we not be slaves, not even to her. The essence of freedom is in the choosing.
To the pagan eye, the main difference between our religions and the Abraham ones isn't the difference between One or Many.
It's the difference between Slave and Free.
With the spread of the Slave Religions across the world, loss of spiritual freedom has invariably gone hand in hand with loss of political freedom: spiritual imperialism with political imperialism. Pagan peoples everywhere have fought to preserve our political, cultural, and intellectual freedom. Sometimes we've won, most often we've lost, but in our hearts, even when shackled, we have never submitted, and we never will.
Unlike some, the pagan gods don't want slaves, and they don't want eternal children. They expect us to grow up, to stand on our own two feet, and to do for ourselves. If you raise your children to be dependent on you, you've failed as a parent.
We, the Pagans, have been here since the beginning; we've never gone away, and we never will. We dare to dream of a day when the Slavers and their ways will vanish from the Earth, when once again we will all live as our gods want us to live: as Free peoples, everywhere.
We are the Pagans, but "pagan" is a name from without. What do we call ourselves from within?
They call us pagans, but we know who we are.
We are the Free Peoples of the Earth.
We are the free peoples, our gods the gods of the free.
Free is our goddess. Being her people, we bear her name.
Let the shackled call us what they will. In the end, they are slaves.
Pagans, better than anyone else, understand the power of symbols.
And statues in particular.
It's bad enough that, as you read this, the body of "evangelist" Billy Graham lies in state in the US Capitol rotunda.
Now there's a plan to memorialize him there permanently with a statue.
Graham never held public office. He simply does not deserve to be memorialized in a building dedicated to the preservation of a wall of separation between church and state.
That his body was exhibited at the US Capitol was a slap in the face of every non-Christian in America.
For his statue to stand there would be a knife in every non-Christian heart in the country.
Ye shall be free from slavery.
Witchcraft begins with a slave revolt.
C. G. Leland tells the story in his 1899 Aradia: Gospel of the Witches.
In those days there were on earth many poor and many rich.
The rich made slaves of all the poor....many slaves escaped. They fled to the country....[I]nstead of sleeping by night, they plotted escape and robbed their masters, and then slew them. So they dwelt in the mountains and forests as robbers and assassins, all to avoid slavery.
The Moon, as all-seeing Lady of the Night, witnesses her people's troubles and, in her mighty ruth (mercy), she sends her daughter Aradia to teach them magic and herbcraft, so that they can hex and poison their oppressors.
One of the things I love about being a real estate agent (leasing agent specifically) is the freedom I have. I can set my own hours, I can go on vacation whenever I want, and I can tell people "no" without fear of repercussions. I find I work way past my normal availability and during the summer like it is now, I easily put in 75 hours a week - oftentimes 90. I actually force myself to stay out of my home office on Sundays, which is my self-designated day off, because otherwise I'd work every day of the week. I also take a "day off" in the middle of the week as well, but that's only a day I choose to not do showings. Instead, I schedule for other days and get caught up on paperwork. And lately, those showings have piled up so much I've been all but have been living out of my car.


text:
Once in a while I have trouble, like everyone else, in getting going for a work week. I pout the entire weekend and by Sunday night, I am hyperventilating because I am once again obliged to carry out a regimented lifestyle for five days out of yet another week.
This is not to say I hate my job or anything, it's just that I appreciate my freedom a great deal and wish I had the luxury to escape the norm more often than I can.
Anyway, knowing the much-needed break is nowhere in sight, I turn to some random photos of beautiful things for inspiration, just to get me by for the week. Hope you enjoy the slideshow and here's hoping for a smooth week.


text:
Official Site: Streamline
Studio: Proletariat, Inc.
Launch Date: September 30, 2016
Business Model: B2P
Platform: PC
Official Site: Streamline
Twitch-centric Streamline is free on Steam for the next 24 hours
Remember back at the turn of October, when Amazon Game Studios and Twitch announced the Twitch Prime mélange and promised everyone tons of free...
The Daily Grind: Are you tempted by Amazon's new Twitch Prime service?
Last night at TwitchCon, Amazon and Twitch announced a new service they're calling Twitch Prime. Basically it's an added perk of an Amazon Prime...


text:
Conventional wisdom says building a type system goes hand in hand with building a language. What happens when you go against convention? Well, for a language with millions of users like JavaScript, it turns out that your type system has to be pretty expressive. A language that builds on top of an existing language doesn't have the conveniences of allowing specific patterns but instead has to take the approach of understanding existing patterns.
Daniel Rosenwasser explains how TypeScript has grown to meet JavaScript code and why it's one of the fastest growing languages today.
Topics include:
Daniel Rosenwasser is a program manager for the TypeScript language at Microsoft. Daniel has a passion for programming languages, compilers, and type systems.
For exhibition and sponsorship opportunities, email firstname.lastname@example.com
For information on trade opportunities with O'Reilly conferences, email email@example.com
View a complete list of OSCON contacts
©2018, O'Reilly Media, Inc. • (800) 889-8969 or (707) 827-7019 • Monday-Friday 7:30am-5pm PT • All trademarks and registered trademarks appearing on oreilly.com are the property of their respective owners. • email@example.com


text:
Could 'robotic ant' solar tech put humans out of a job?
Osoji Solar seems to think so – the Chilean startup has created a fleet of robots to clean dust off solar panels.
It says the devices work together 'like a colony of ants' to solve the problem of reduced solar efficiency as a result of layers of dirt blocking sunlight.
The firm suggests most of the world's ideal environments for solar generation are in places like deserts and are often accompanied by an extremely dusty environment – when dust settles on panels it can reduce efficiency by 50%
Its robots can clean without depleting valuable resources such as water and have been designed to function without human input, meaning people don't need to work in hostile environments.


text:
I have had a few occasions to witness the friendship and bond between bikers, and this past weekend, I was even privileged to ride in a Toy Run with a motorcycle club for the first time. I knew a motorcycle culture exists, but what I suspected was confirmed— not all motorcycle clubs or bikers are created equal. Although some bikers would not call themselves a Christ-follower, they put some of us, who call ourselves Christians, to shame.
On one occasion months ago, I watched a group of bikers getting ready to roll out of a restaurant parking lot after having had breakfast. As I watched, I noticed one of the bikers pull out onto the main road when the coast was clear. He positioned himself in the center of the lane so his fellow bikers could safely depart. Then he took up the rear.
"Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends." —Jesus
This weekend while riding in the Toy Run, one of the club member's bikes developed a problem, so all of the members pulled over. 'Sailor', the one with whom I was riding, said, "We never leave anyone behind." The members pulled together to assess and assist.
Duct tape fixes everything. Well… almost.
I don't know everything there is to know about bikers and motorcycle clubs, but there is one thing I do know. In most cases, the heart is the same; it's just a different face.
A man that hath friends must shew himself friendly: and there is a friend that sticketh closer than a brother. —Proverbs 18:24 KJV
If you liked this, you might also like…


text:
This Christmas I am enjoying little 'traditions' that have made themselves traditions in our family. You know we all have traditions we bring from our growing up years, we all add favorites from our spouses families, then pick a few we like. Well, this mirror was a family tradition growing up. An ever steady presence in our home. It reminds me of the times my parents would dress up to go to various important things that my attorney-father was involved in, or my mother's many community volunteer projects, or our church happenings. The mirror stood high because my Daddy was 6'5". I love dressing it up this year for Christmas and thinking of all those Christmases in our living room growing up with the mirror right there as we all celebrated Christmas together.
Another family tradition that has just become a part of our little family through the years, is our friends The Nutcrackers. My mother collected Nutcrackers and this started when my mothers Nutcrackers were passed down to me. :) My small collection grew overnight that year. Now, we add each year and love our little friends all over the house.
Here is my Chef Friend Nutcracker. The Chef joined our family last year and I have loved having him keep me company in the kitchen this year. :)
Our new Christmas Card display from Hallmark. Simple and cute and holds just the Christmas cards. This was taken a week or so ago. The cards are starting to flow - here is the idea.
A tradition the Tigers started before they could speak, the Christmas Dogs! They come out each year and live with us oh, a few months then they go protect the Christmas decor. They go with us everywhere. And they sing/bark Christmas Carols too. :) Here the Tigers and the Christmas Dogs take in our town Christmas parade. Here they are after the first hour and forty-five minutes of the parade. They all hung in there. The Christmas Dogs were a great joy with them at the parade.
Merry Christmas early and thanks for visiting! Christmas Giveaway will be Wednesday. So enter the "Win It Wednesday!" Good luck. God Bless.


text:
This May 28, 2020, moderate to strong Strombolian explosions are recorded in Fuego / Guatemala, at the rate of 8-12 per hour which raise columns of ash at 4,500-4,700 meters asl., dispersing south and southwest. Moderate avalanches are recorded in the Seca, Tanilyua, Ceniza, Trinidad and Las Lajas barrancas. Fine ashes fall on the volcano observatory.
The descent of Lahar is reported in the Barra Seca, a tributary of the Pantaleon river, located on the southwest flank of the volcano at 1 p.m.
A weak to moderate lahar is present in the Ceniza barranca tributary of the Achiguate river, from 4:20 p.m. Maintaining heavy rains can result in more lahars, carrying tree branches and volcanic material.
Sources: Insivumeh & Conred
Klyuchevskoy - 29.05.2020 / 07h21 Seen by F.Yu. Levinson-Lessing Kamchatkan Volcanological Station (Klyuchi village) - IVS FEB webcam RAS KVERT
In Kluychevskoy, an explosive-effusive activity is maintained, with ash explosions at 5,500-6,000 meters, drifting over 400 km towards the ESE.
A lava flow continues to descend the southeast flank, accompanied by phreatic bursts.
The aviation code remains orange.
Sources: KVERT & VAAC Tokyo
In the Moluccas, the Ibu volcano presents this May 28, 2020 a white-gray plume 200-800 meters from the summit.
The PVMBG provides information on the seismicity level:
- 76 eruption earthquakes, with an amplitude of 15-30 mm, and the duration of the earthquake 18-70 seconds.
- 87 collapse earthquakes, with an amplitude of 2 to 10 mm and an earthquake duration of 12 to 65 seconds. The sliding distance and the direction of fall are not observed.
- 189 blast earthquakes, with an amplitude of 5-14 mm, and an earthquake duration of 10-50 seconds.
- 18 episodes of harmonic tremor
- 9 tectonic earthquakes with an amplitude of 2 to 10 mm, S-P 11 to 32 seconds and an earthquake duration of 30 to 95 seconds.
Sources: PVMBG and Magma Indonesia
The results of the last gas measurement flight on Wednesday May 27 at Whakaari / White Island indicate an increase in gas flow since the previous flight on May 20. While previous observations indicated a tendency to return to levels typical of this volcano, the recent increase in the flow of SO2 and CO2 gases, main indicators of volcanic disturbances, could be attributed to a new batch of magma under the low-lying volcano. depth depth.
Thermal infrared images, taken during the observation flight on Wednesday May 20, show that the lava extrusions, detected for the first time in early January, are still very hot, around 500 ° C. The hot gases that are emitted around these lava lobes generate a "night glow" which can be seen on GeoNet night vision webcams.
Occasional episodes of slightly elevated tremors are observed, although overall tremor levels remain low and in the background levels for the volcano. This week, shallow-source volcanic earthquakes are recorded. Satellite deformation measurements show that the ground around the active ventilation zone has subsided by several centimeters since the eruption in December 2019.
These recent observations agree with a still very dynamic volcanic system, despite several monitoring parameters tending towards pre-eruption levels. A rash could occur with little precursor activity. The plausible triggers for an eruption remain the collapse of unstable materials around the vents, the sudden release of magma gas and the rapid entry of water onto the shallow magma body.
If an explosive activity produces an ash cloud, the likelihood of ash affecting the continent remains very low. Under appropriate weather conditions, the plume of gas and vapor can be seen on the continent in the form of weak acid rain.
The volcanic alert level remains at level 2, and the aviation color code remains yellow.
Source: Geonet & NZ Herald


text:
You might not know it's called Musical.ly, but we can safely bet that you've seen the app's videos either on Facebook or YouTube. It's is cross between Vine and Karaoke, allowing users to creatively edit videos while singing along to their favorite songs. A lot of the results can be quite cringe-inducing, but others are extremely creative.
Now, the app has been acquired by Chinese media giant ByteDance Technology Co. for around $800 million. The Chinese media company is valued at around $20 billion, and this is its largest acquisition abroad to date. The deal was officially announced last Friday, without naming a specific price.
Musical.ly, founded by Louis Yang and Alex Zhu in 2014, was actually created in Shanghai and subsequently exploded in popularity among American teens in 2016.
It's not clear yet how the acquisition will affect the app or its userbase.
via Bloomberg Tech


text:
- Research article
- Open Access
- Published:
Exploring young women's reasons for adopting intrauterine or oral emergency contraception in the United States: a qualitative study
BMC Women's Health volume 20, Article number: 15 (2020)
3668 Accesses
6 Citations
11 Altmetric
The recent focus on increasing access to long-acting reversible contraceptive methods has often overlooked the diverse reasons why women may choose less effective methods even when significant access barriers have been removed. While the copper intrauterine device (IUD) is considered an acceptable alternative to emergency contraception pills (ECPs), it is unclear to what extent low rates of provision and use are due to patient preferences versus structural access barriers. This study explores factors that influence patients' choice between ECPs and the copper IUD as EC, including prior experiences with contraception and attitudes toward EC methods, in settings where both options are available at no cost.
We telephone-interviewed 17 patients seeking EC from three San Francisco Bay Area youth-serving clinics that offered the IUD as EC and ECPs as standard practice, regarding their experiences choosing an EC method. We thematically coded all interview transcripts, then summarized the themes related to reasons for choosing ECPs or the IUD as EC.
Ten participants left their EC visit with ECPs and seven with the IUD as EC option. Women chose ECPs because they were familiar and easily accessible. Reasons for not adopting the copper IUD included having had prior negative experiences with the IUD, concerns about its side effects and the placement procedure, and lack of awareness about the copper IUD. Women who chose the IUD as EC did so primarily because of its long-term efficacy, invisibility, lack of hormones, longer window of post-coital utility, and a desire to not rely on ECPs. Women who chose the IUD as EC had not had prior negative experiences with the IUD, had already been interested in the IUD, and were ready and able to have it placed that day.
This study highlights that women have varied and well-considered reasons for choosing each EC method. Both ECPs and the copper IUD are important and acceptable EC options, each with their own features offering benefits to patients. Efforts to destigmatize repeated use of ECPs and validate women's choice of either EC method are needed to support women in their EC method decision-making.
While the copper intrauterine device (IUD) is considered an acceptable alternative to emergency contraception pills (ECPs) [1, 2], it is unclear to what extent low rates of provision and use are due to patient preferences versus structural access barriers. The copper intrauterine device (IUD) can be used as emergency contraception (EC), provides ongoing contraception for up to 12 years, and is more effective than oral EC pills (ECPs), particularly if used 5 days or more after unprotected sex or shortly before a woman ovulates [1,2,3,4,5].
When compared to ECPs, few providers offer the IUD as EC, and awareness of this option among providers and patients is low [6,7,8,9]. In a survey of multispecialty providers who serve reproductive-aged patients, the majority (84%) knew that the IUD could be used as EC, but only 36% provided it, as compared to 81% who provided oral levonorgestrel ECPs, the most common type of ECPs [2, 6]. While very few women (< 10%) have heard of the IUD as EC [9], when asked about it, they report interest in its long-term, highly effective nature and ease of use, while also expressing concerns about placement and negative side effects [9,10,11,12,13].
Limited availability of the IUD as EC, along with its high cost, present significant barriers to women interested in this option, barriers that are even more pronounced among younger women [14,15,16]. The combination of access barriers and limited provider awareness and training on the IUD as EC [17,18,19,20], makes it difficult to discern to what extent patient preferences contribute to the low rates of IUD as EC use and provision.
The recent focus on increasing access to long-acting reversible contraceptive methods has often overlooked the diverse reasons why women may choose less effective methods, even when significant access barriers have been removed. Much work in the past decade has focused on decreasing structural barriers by increasing availability of and provider training on the IUD [21], in the hopes that the method's high efficacy could provide a solution to preventing unplanned pregnancy. However, in order to provide high quality, non-coercive contraceptive care, providers need to ensure that their enthusiasm for a particular contraceptive method like the IUD is matched by patients' interest. While we have existing research on young women's attitudes towards IUDs as a general method [22,23,24], their experiences and perspectives regarding their choice between the IUD as EC and ECPs, is largely missing from research. Interviews with women presenting for EC at family planning clinics in Utah identified cost and fear of side effects as significant factors in choosing ECPs over the IUD as EC [11]. Building on this evidence, this study seeks to gain a deeper understanding of women's perspectives on their EC options in clinical settings where access to the IUD as EC and oral ECPs, including ulipristal acetate and levonorgestrel, is standard practice, IUD-trained providers are available, and all FDA-approved methods are available at no cost, through the state's family planning program. By interviewing young women in settings that have overcome the predominant structural barriers to IUD and ECP access, this study was able to explore more deeply the other factors that may influence method uptake, including prior experiences with contraception and attitudes toward EC methods.
Participant recruitment
Using a purposive sampling approach, we aimed to recruit approximately 20 women accessing EC services, evenly distributed between those choosing ECPs and the IUD as EC, a number we estimated to be feasible and sufficient to explore our research question. From September 2015 to January 2016, we invited patients from three San Francisco Bay Area youth-friendly clinics to participate in semi-structured telephone interviews regarding their experiences choosing an EC method. We selected these clinics because they offered ECPs and the IUD as EC as standard practice, in order to minimize access as a deciding factor. Women ages 30 and under were eligible to participate. We selected this age group because the vast majority of ECP users are within this age range and they may present distinctive counseling preferences and needs given their unique developmental stage and barriers they face accessing care [25, 26].
We recruited patients by posting and distributing flyers in waiting rooms and during the EC counseling visit. After clinic staff counseled the patient on the efficacy and side effects of the EC method/s available and the patient decided on an EC method, a clinic-based study recruiter shared a study description with eligible patients, then obtained verbal consent, contact information, and scheduling preferences from interested patients for the interviewers to contact them. Patients were also able to contact the research team directly after having seen a study flyer. In those cases, the interviewer verified eligibility and obtained verbal consent before conducting the interview. The informed consent process included an overview of the research team and study focus, explaining that the purpose of the study was to learn about women's experiences making choices about the kinds of birth control methods they use and when. Within 2 days of receiving patients' contact information and scheduling preferences, one of three female interviewers trained in in-depth interviewing, and one of whom was bilingual in English and Spanish, contacted the participant to schedule the telephone interview. Participants' first names and contact information were stored separately from their interview responses in a password-protected file, linked by a unique identifier. The three interviewers are co-authors and have advanced degrees in medicine, public health, and psychology, and extensive experience in reproductive health. One interviewer identifies as non-Hispanic white, the other as Hispanic white, and the third as African American.
Data collection
We designed the interview guide to be non-leading and to prompt participants to share their thoughts and experiences. To contribute to development of the guide, we conducted three pilot interviews which we did not include in the analysis. The final guide included both closed-ended and open-ended questions. Closed-ended questions confirmed eligibility and asked contraceptive method received, whether the patient had used ECPs or the IUD before, and demographics. Domains of the open-ended questions included prior experiences with contraception, awareness of and attitudes toward EC and other contraceptive methods, and visit experience, including counseling. Interviewers received training on the interview guide, how to use neutral, non-leading probes, and how to be non-judgmental and affirmative in order to be supportive of interviewees and elicit honest responses. We interviewed participants in their preferred language (English or Spanish) within 1 month of their EC visit. Interviewers obtained participants' verbal consent to audio-record the interview. The interviews were conducted by telephone, in a location of the participant's choice, and lasted approximately 30 min. The interviewer began the interview by confirming the participant was in a private place where she felt comfortable talking about her experiences with contraception. We did not confirm whether anyone else was present at the participant's location. The interviews did not always follow the same order as the interview guide, but covered the same domains. After the interviews, the interviewer summarized each interview in a short analytic memo to record initial reflections. Participants received a $25 gift card as a token of appreciation for participating in the interview. The research team did not contact participants again after completion of the interview and participants' receipt of the gift card. University of California San Francisco's Institutional Review Board approved all study materials and procedures.
Qualitative analysis
The analytic team comprised the three previously described interviewers. During the data collection phase, the team met weekly to debrief, reflect on the interviews, and examine how our role as researchers may affect the conduct and interpretation of the interviews. We took an iterative, grounded approach to data collection in that we allowed ongoing insights to deepen our understanding of respondents' experiences and to improve the interview process in real time. Once we had completed data collection, the analytic team conducted thematic analysis with an interpretive constructivist lens which elevates respondents' understandings of their preferences and needs over external indicators [27]. We used Dedoose data management web application to code interview transcripts. After reviewing an initial set of interviews, two study authors independently generated a list of codes, including both a priori codes developed from the research topics and emergent codes that arose from the interviews and analytic memos. These codes were related to prior experiences with contraception, circumstances in seeking EC, and knowledge and attitudes about the methods. Both authors revised the code list iteratively after discussion and consensus and consulted a third author to discuss the code list, until a final list of codes was generated. Two of the authors then applied the final list of codes to all interviews using Dedoose, when needed applying multiple codes to the same excerpt or overlapping part of an excerpt, or super-ordinate and sub-ordinate "parent" and "child" codes to indicate levels of structure. This allowed for nuances in the coding and integration of both a priori and emergent codes. After coding the transcripts, the analytic team then systematically summarized coded excerpts related to reasons for choosing an EC method. We compared themes for participants who left the visit with ECPs versus the IUD as EC, identifying overlap and differences in how the themes applied to the two groups. The team developed thematic summaries, which we discussed and revised as a group once reaching agreement of interpretation. We present the themes below separately for women who chose ECPs and women who chose the IUD as EC.
We interviewed 17 women over the course of 5 months. Five additional patients expressed initial interest to the clinic-based study recruiter in participating in the study; two of those declined consent to participate before sharing their contact information with the research team; three others shared their contact information, but ultimately did not schedule an interview. We ceased recruitment after we noted sufficient repetition of themes that meaningfully addressed the research question. All participants were ages 16–30 and seeking ECPs for a recent sexual encounter; none were originally seeking the IUD as an EC option. The majority of participants were Latina (n = 11), under 20 years old (n = 9), had a high school education or less (n = 9). Most did not want to have a baby for at least 3 years (n = 15) with the remaining two never wanting to have a baby (Table 1). Seven participants left their visit with the IUD as EC and ten participants left with ECPs; eight of those specifically mentioned getting Plan B, a levonorgestrel ECP, while two did not specify the type. Because participants had trouble distinguishing between the different forms of ECPs received, whether ulipristal acetate or levonorgestrel, we describe these uniformly as ECPs. Women who adopted ECPs or the IUD as EC were evenly distributed by most demographic characteristics. All participants chose to be interviewed in English.
Participants, both those who adopted ECPs or the IUD, reported visiting the clinic because they had had unprotected sex or experienced a method failure and did not want to be pregnant. All women who had an IUD placed and most who received ECPs had heard about the IUD before their visit. Few knew that the IUD could be used as EC until their current clinic visit. We were interested in learning what differentiates the women who chose ECPs versus the IUD at their EC visit, and thus examined themes related to the reasons why women left with either ECPs or the IUD.
Reasons for choosing ECPs over the IUD
ECPs are a known, accessible and well-liked option
Most women were familiar with or had had positive experiences with ECPs before their visit, and would recommend them to others. Women described their appreciation for a post-coital contraceptive option that was effective and easy to obtain at their clinic. As one woman explained, "It just makes me feel a lot better knowing that I decreased the chances of being pregnant, so it just makes me happy."
Repeated use of ECPs is a concern, but not a deal-breaker
Although most women held positive views about ECPs, some women who chose them also pointed to concerns that using ECPs frequently was "irresponsible", may not always be effective, and could cause negative effects on the body, but that it was also the most responsible choice for now. While one woman chose ECPs, she also shared concerns about the method's effectiveness, "I worry if it's actually going to work", and its effects on future fertility, "Someone told me that you shouldn't take too much of it [ECPs] or else it will mess you up. But I don't know if that's true." Another woman described her interest in returning to the clinic later for an ongoing contraceptive method, in part because she was worried about how repeat ECP use reflected on her character:
"This is the second time I've ever really used it [ECPs] - I really don't like to use Plan B [ECPs], because it makes me look like I'm irresponsible or like I don't care. But, you know, things happen. And, if you have to do something, you got to get it done."
Her account exposes her conflicting views about ECPs, where she values their availability, yet also is concerned that others might view her negatively for relying on ECPs. She, too, seems to dismiss her ECP use as a responsible and proactive action to prevent an unwanted pregnancy.
ECPs are a short-term solution, but women plan for ongoing contraception
Most women who chose ECPs planned to return to the clinic later for an ongoing method such as the injection, patch, birth control pills, or the levonorgestrel IUD, which on its own is not typically included in clinical guidelines as an EC option. Many of these women noted the benefits of the copper IUD, particularly its high and multi-year effectiveness. Some expressed interest in using it in the near future, yet they felt it was not the right choice for them at that time. One woman, who left her visit with ECPs, explained why she preferred to wait to have the copper IUD placed at a follow-up appointment:
"I think it's better if you come back and get it done. Maybe not have it the same day… I was so nervous, because I knew I had work that day and I just - I wasn't ready. I think it's best to have it done [IUD placement] on a day where you're mentally prepared for it."
She clarified that she felt nervous about the potential pain during the IUD placement and cramping afterwards and she wanted to plan the appointment for a day when she did not have to work afterwards.
Disinterest in the IUD was related to negative experiences with the method, concerns about its unwanted side effects and placement procedure
For some of the women who chose ECPs, disinterest in the IUD was due to prior negative experiences using the IUD or difficulty having it placed. Three had used the IUD before and disliked it; one had a failed placement because her uterus was "too deep". One woman chose ECPs and the contraceptive implant at her visit. She was not interested in the IUD as EC at this visit due to a previous negative experience using the IUD which included cramping, discomfort with placement, and an expulsion. When compared to the IUD, she expressed more positive attitudes about ECPs:
"When you're stressing about being pregnant, [with ECPs] all you have to do is just swallow this little pill and hopefully your problem will go away, but with that [IUD], it just sounds like a lot. You got to get it inserted and go through that. And, also, for me personally, it's kind of uncomfortable having someone inspect your private parts. It's just, embarrassing."
She felt that ECPs were a simpler and more comfortable option for her at this visit. Most of the women who chose ECPs and were not interested in the IUD received another ongoing method at the visit. A few had plans to return to the clinic for a follow-up appointment to have a method, like the implant, placed, or because they were undecided about the method they wanted to use.
When describing their reasons for not choosing the copper IUD, women frequently mentioned concerns about bleeding and cramping, in addition to discomfort with placement. For example, one woman explained how she did not like the idea of an IUD due to concerns about side effects, that it would fall out without her knowledge, and that she would forget to have it removed after it expired. "I also heard with the IUD, it kind of makes your cramping heavier and your blood a little heavier, so that's another reason why I just said no to it." Another woman who had a follow-up appointment to have a contraceptive implant placed also shared, "I really wouldn't want nothing going inside of me, and especially feeling those cramps." A different woman had used the levonorgestrel IUD for approximately 5 years after getting it placed immediately following an abortion when she was 16 years old. Her experience with the IUD was positive and she was interested in having another IUD placed. She shared her preference for the levonorgestrel IUD over the copper IUD because of its bleeding profile, "It [the copper IUD] sounds awesome besides the part that … you're going to bleed, because I like not having my period."
Lack of awareness prevents IUD as EC uptake
While familiarity of ECPs is a reason for choosing them, lack of awareness of the IUD as EC option prevents its uptake. Four women said that their provider did not tell them about the IUD as EC option at their visit and were unaware that the IUD could be used as EC until it was brought up in the interview. Three expressed varying levels of interest in adopting it, had they known about it. One woman explains that she would have considered the copper IUD had she been offered it, particularly because of its higher efficacy compared to ECPs; a second woman expressed some concerns about the IUD's side effects and placement, yet was considering the levonorgestrel IUD as a method; a third was interested in the levonorgestrel or possibly copper IUD at her visit, but was told there was not a provider available to place one that day and was not informed that the copper IUD could be used as EC.
Reasons for adopting IUD as EC
Women were familiar with and already interested in the IUD as an ongoing method
Nearly all of the women who adopted the IUD as EC (six out of seven) were already considering or planning to get the IUD before the EC visit. One other knew she wanted an effective, long-acting, and discreet method and learned about the IUD at her EC visit. None of the women had used an IUD before. They explained that they chose the copper IUD primarily because of its long-term efficacy, invisibility, lack of hormones, longer window of post-coital utility, and a desire to not rely on ECPs. One woman wanted a long-acting, non-hormonal method she could forget about and had been considering the IUD "for a while". She shared, "It's nice to not have to worry about any accidents, because [the IUD] does work as an emergency contraceptive too... And, I'm glad I don't have to worry about it for 10-12 years."
Some of the women who adopted the IUD as EC were familiar with the IUD because of friends' and family members' personal experiences, influencing their decisions to adopt the IUD at the EC visit. One woman described how her friends' experiences with the IUD, combined with her own contraceptive preferences, affected her choice for the IUD. She described being "curious [about the IUD] because some of my friends told me about it before" and "love it", but that she did not decide to use the IUD until she had discussed it with her provider.
Efficacy is a primary reason for choosing the IUD as EC
When comparing ECPs and the IUD as EC and considering which ongoing method to choose, the high efficacy of the IUD was a key consideration for some women. One woman was nervous about the placement process and side effects from an IUD, but ultimately chose it because of its efficacy as EC, as well as an ongoing contraceptive method. She explained that if a friend came to her because she was worried she might get pregnant after unprotected sex, she would recommend "the IUD because it's 8 times more effective and [if] it has been some time, Plan B [ECPs] may not work for her… everyone is different. However, the IUD is effective no matter who you are." Two women who learned about the IUD as EC option at their visit chose the copper IUD because their provider told them that ECPs may not be effective based on the timing of unprotected sex and their menstrual cycle.
Women chose the IUD due to worries about effects of ECPs
As with the women who chose ECPs, women who chose the IUD also voiced concerns that frequent use of ECPs might "damage something in your system", affect one's fertility, was irresponsible, and that ECPs do not reliably prevent pregnancy. One woman who had used ECPs regularly, now wanted an IUD. She explained, "I think we're using it [ECPs] too much, and I don't know if it is bad for my body or the effects of it." Similarly, a woman who was interested in a consistent, reliable, and non-hormonal method said:
"This is the third time in my life that I'm taking this [ECPs] and I don't want to have to keep on doing this...this is not an effective method. This is not thinking ahead, and I wanted to be able to think ahead from now on, or not have to think at all."
Women shared their reluctance to rely on ECPs because of concerns about their efficacy and effects on their body, as well as a view that using ECPs was irresponsible or "not thinking ahead". For them, the copper IUD had the characteristics they were interested in when considering a method (non-hormonal, effective, and low maintenance) and none of the drawbacks they felt ECPs presented.
This study aimed to understand women's motivations for adopting either ECPs or the copper IUD at the EC visit, in settings where provision of both EC methods was standard practice and at no cost to the patient. We find that women have varied and well-considered reasons for choosing each EC method. Women who left with ECPs and those who left with the copper IUD valued each post-coital contraceptive option, yet some viewed frequent ECP use as irresponsible, unreliable, or potentially damaging to the body. Ultimately, the key reasons women gave for choosing the copper IUD over ECPs were due to awareness about it, the opportunity to have it placed, comfort with its characteristics, and lack of negative experiences with the IUD. Whereas women who chose ECPs over the IUD described lack of awareness about the IUD as EC, aversion toward IUD side effects or the placement process, or previous negative experiences using the IUD. Most women who left with ECPs planned to adopt a reliable ongoing method, either at the current visit or in the near future, that would eliminate the need for ECPs. The reasons women planned to return for contraception at a later clinic visit were because the clinic or woman was not able to have an IUD or implant placed that day, or the woman needed more time to decide on a method.
The women who chose the copper IUD at the EC visit described their readiness for an ongoing method, as well as a desire to not rely on ECPs. Unlike those who adopted ECPs, these women had already considered the IUD before having it placed at the EC visit. For them, the EC visit served as an opportunity to move their contraceptive plan forward. Given the long-acting nature of the IUD and the need for a provider to place it, choosing an IUD over ECPs arguably takes more commitment to the method, one that is easier to bridge if women are already knowledgeable about the method and feel that its characteristics line up with their contraceptive priorities. A qualitative study of nulliparous adolescents identified "first awareness", "initial reaction" and "information gathering" stages that IUD users progressed through before being ready for IUD adoption [28]. As we found in this study, women's contraceptive preferences and experiences gathering information from personal sources and medical providers were key influences in the process of choosing an IUD.
For two women in our study, the IUD as EC was the only effective pregnancy prevention option, given the timing of unprotected sex and their clinic visit. These women valued the IUD's effectiveness, including its longer window of efficacy after unprotected sex and its long-term contraceptive coverage. This option is particularly helpful to provide for women who may present later after unprotected sex or who would choose the IUD as EC because of its higher efficacy compared to ECPs.
In a patient-centered healthcare model, providers offer and fully inform patients about their options and engage in a shared-decision-making approach that respects patient preferences [29]. This approach can support patients to take ownership over and feel more satisfied with their decision, as evidenced by research on patient preferences for IUD removal, contraceptive counseling and other healthcare decision-making [30,31,32,33,34]. With regard to EC method choices, many women do not have access to the IUD as EC, given existing structural barriers [7,8,9]. Even at our study sites that offer the IUD as EC as standard practice, some women reported that they were not offered, but may have chosen, the IUD as EC. Given limited access to the IUD as EC, women are unlikely to know about this option on their own [6, 8, 9, 11]. Inclusion of the IUD as an EC method when providing EC options to women can help to ensure that women have more meaningful choices.
Patient-centered counseling can also support women's decisions to use ECPs and frame it as a positive choice, reinforcing the method's safety and destigmatizing repeat use. Even after contraceptive counseling at their clinic visit, the women in our study shared concerns that that using ECPs was unreliable and irresponsible or that ECP use could lead to fertility loss and bodily harm, concerns that have been noted in other studies [35, 36]. While efficacy is an important and valid consideration, women should be made to feel safe and supported using ECPs, as there are no known negative effects of ECPs on long-term fertility and repeated use is safe [37]. Despite the lack of contraindications, professional organizations such as the American Academy of Pediatrics and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists discourage repeat use of ECPs [38, 39], potentially contributing to the stigma of ECP use described by the participants in this study.
Strengths and limitations
We chose to recruit in clinics where provision of the IUD as EC was described as standard practice, so we could hear from women who chose the IUD as EC, an understudied group of women, and to focus on the barriers to IUD as EC uptake that are not specific to access, although some of these issues still arose. Not all women we interviewed reported the clinic offered them the IUD as an EC option, and we do not know the patient or provider-level factors affecting its availability to those patients. Even without continuous availability, the high comparative level of access to the IUD as EC at our recruitment clinics may not be transferrable to other settings. However, we could apply the findings about women's decision-making processes to choose an EC method more broadly in settings where either EC method is offered. Our study did not distinguish between ECP types, but confirmed with eight of ten ECP participants that they received a levonorgestrel ECP. In order to quell issues of trustworthiness of the data, we adhered to standardized written data collection protocols, and analyzed data using multiple coders, assessing the full context of women's experiences, and examining our own conceptual perspectives and biases as researchers while drawing conclusions. We acknowledge our bias for conducting this research was in part to understand how to improve the provision of the IUD as EC.
This study highlights that ECPs and the IUD as a form of EC are important and acceptable EC options, each with their own features offering benefits to patients. Women's reasons for choosing ECPs over the copper IUD, such as negative IUD experiences and discomfort with IUD side effects and placement, reinforce the need to support women's decisions to use ECPs rather than stigmatize their use. Because of these reasons, the IUD as EC is unlikely to replace ECPs as a top EC method for most women, in spite of increased access, but the copper IUD can be an effective choice for both EC and ongoing contraception if the method aligns with women's preferences. However, we find that even in settings where provision of both ECPs and the IUD as EC is standard practice, IUD as EC access barriers remain.
We find that the women seeking EC in this study had thoughtful and valid reasons for choosing ECPs or the IUD as EC, highlighting the importance of ensuring that contraceptive counseling is centered on patient preferences, while also providing information and choices. We also found that IUD as EC access barriers persist even in settings that offer this method as standard practice, suggesting that structural barriers to IUD provision, such as availability of trained providers and time for counseling, still need to be addressed in order to ensure women have meaningful choices. Finally, efforts by providers and practices to increase patient awareness of the IUD as EC and to destigmatize the use of ECPs can help to further support women in their EC method decision-making.
Availability of data and materials
All relevant qualitative data are within the paper. Original interviews cannot be provided because public availability would compromise patient confidentiality and participant privacy.
Emergency contraception
- ECPs :
Emergency contraception pills
Intrauterine device
Cleland K, Zhu H, Goldstuck N, Cheng L, Trussell J. The efficacy of intrauterine devices for emergency contraception: a systematic review of 35 years of experience. Hum Reprod. 2012;27(7):1994–2000.
Gemzell-Danielsson K, Berger C, Lalitkumar PGL. Emergency contraception — mechanisms of action. Contraception. 2013;87(3):300–8.
Fok WK, Blumenthal PD. Update on emergency contraception. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2016;28(6):522–9.
Wu JP, Pickle S. Extended use of the intrauterine device: a literature review and recommendations for clinical practice. Contraception. 2014;89(6):495–503.
Turok DK, Godfrey EM, Wojdyla D, Dermish A, Torres L, Wu SC. Copper T380 intrauterine device for emergency contraception: highly effective at any time in the menstrual cycle. Hum Reprod. 2013;28(10):2672–6.
Batur P, Cleland K, McNamara M, Wu J, Pickle S, Group ECS. Emergency contraception: a multispecialty survey of clinician knowledge and practices. Contraception. 2016;93(2):145–52.
Schubert FD, Bishop ES, Gold M. Access to the copper IUD as post-coital contraception: results from a mystery caller study. Contraception. 2016;94(5):561–6.
Luchowski AT, Anderson BL, Power ML, Raglan GB, Espey E, Schulkin J. Obstetrician-gynecologists and contraception: practice and opinions about the use of IUDs in nulliparous women, adolescents and other patient populations. Contraception. 2014;89(6):572–7.
Goodman SR, El Ayadi AM, Rocca CH, Kohn JE, Benedict CE, Dieseldorff JR, et al. The intrauterine device as emergency contraception: how much do young women know? Contraception. 2018;98(2):115-19.
Bharadwaj P, Saxton JC, Mann SN, Jungmann EM, Stephenson JM. What influences young women to choose between the emergency contraceptive pill and an intrauterine device? A qualitative study. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2011;16(3):201–9.
Wright RL, Frost CJ, Turok DK. A qualitative exploration of emergency contraception users' willingness to select the copper IUD. Contraception. 2012;85(1):32–5.
Turok DK, Gurtcheff SE, Handley E, Simonsen SE, Sok C, North R, et al. A survey of women obtaining emergency contraception: are they interested in using the copper IUD? Contraception. 2011;83(5):441–6.
Kavanaugh ML, Frohwirth L, Jerman J, Popkin R, Ethier K. Long-acting reversible contraception for adolescents and young adults: patient and provider perspectives. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2013;26(2):86–95.
Foster DG, Barar R, Gould H, Gomez I, Nguyen D, Biggs MA. Projections and opinions from 100 experts in long-acting reversible contraception. Contraception. 2015;92(6):543–52.
Broecker J, Jurich J, Fuchs R. The relationship between long-acting reversible contraception and insurance coverage: a retrospective analysis. Contraception. 2016;93(3):266–72.
Pritt NM, Norris AH, Berlan ED. Barriers and facilitators to Adolescents' use of long-acting reversible contraceptives. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2017;30(1):18–22.
Biggs MA, Harper CC, Brindis CD. California family planning health care providers' challenges to same-day long-acting reversible contraception provision. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;126(2):338–45.
Bergin A, Tristan S, Terplan M, Gilliam ML, Whitaker AK. A missed opportunity for care: two-visit IUD insertion protocols inhibit placement. Contraception. 2012;86(6):694–7.
Biggs MA, Kaller S, Harper CC, Freedman L, Mays AR. "Birth control can easily take a Back seat": challenges providing IUDs in community health care settings. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2018;29(1):228–44.
Wright RL, Frost CJ, Turok DK. Experiences of advanced practitioners with inserting the copper intrauterine device as emergency contraception. Womens Health Issues. 2016;26(5):523–8.
Hathaway M, Torres L, Vollett-Krech J, Wohltjen H. Increasing LARC utilization: any woman, any place, any time. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2014;57(4):718–30.
Potter J, Rubin SE, Sherman P. Fear of intrauterine contraception among adolescents in New York City. Contraception. 2014;89(5):446–50.
Fleming KL, Sokoloff A, Raine TR. Attitudes and beliefs about the intrauterine device among teenagers and young women. Contraception. 2010;82(2):178–82.
Whitaker AK, Johnson LM, Harwood B, Chiappetta L, Creinin MD, Gold MA. Adolescent and young adult women's knowledge of and attitudes toward the intrauterine device. Contraception. 2008;78(3):211–7.
Fuentes L, Ingerick M, Jones R, Lindberg L. Adolescents' and young Adults' reports of barriers to confidential health care and receipt of contraceptive services. J Adolesc Health. 2018;62(1):36–43.
Daniels K, Jones J, Abma J. Use of emergency contraception among women aged 15–44: United States, 2006-2010. NCHS Data Brief. 2013(112):1–8.
Charmaz K. Constructing grounded theory. 2nd ed. London: Sage; 2014.
Brown MK, Auerswald C, Eyre SL, Deardorff J, Dehlendorf C. Identifying counseling needs of nulliparous adolescent intrauterine contraceptive users: a qualitative approach. J Adolesc Health. 2013;52(3):293–300.
Elwyn G, Dehlendorf C, Epstein RM, Marrin K, White J, Frosch DL. Shared decision making and motivational interviewing: achieving patient-centered care across the spectrum of health care problems. Ann Fam Med. 2014;12(3):270–5.
Wallace R, DiLaura A, Dehlendorf C. "Every Person's just different": Women's experiences with counseling for early pregnancy loss management. Womens Health Issues. 2017;27(4):456–62.
Schreiber CA, Chavez V, Whittaker PG, Ratcliffe SJ, Easley E, Barg FK. Treatment decisions at the time of miscarriage diagnosis. Obstet Gynecol. 2016;128(6):1347–56.
Amico JR, Bennett AH, Karasz A, Gold M. "She just told me to leave it": Women's experiences discussing early elective IUD removal. Contraception. 2016;94(4):357–61.
Dehlendorf C, Levy K, Kelley A, Grumbach K, Steinauer J. Women's preferences for contraceptive counseling and decision making. Contraception. 2013;88(2):250–6.
Kerns JL, Light A, Dalton V, McNamara B, Steinauer J, Kuppermann M. Decision satisfaction among women choosing a method of pregnancy termination in the setting of fetal anomalies and other pregnancy complications: a qualitative study. Patient Educ Couns. 2018;101(10):1859–64.
Yen S, Parmar DD, Lin EL, Ammerman S. Emergency contraception pill awareness and knowledge in uninsured adolescents: high rates of misconceptions concerning indications for use, side effects, and access. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2015;28(5):337–42.
Nappi RE, Lobo Abascal P, Mansour D, Rabe T, Shojai R. Emergency contraception study G. use of and attitudes towards emergency contraception: a survey of women in five European countries. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2014;19(2):93–101.
Jesam C, Cochon L, Salvatierra AM, Williams A, Kapp N, Levy-Gompel D, et al. A prospective, open-label, multicenter study to assess the pharmacodynamics and safety of repeated use of 30 mg ulipristal acetate. Contraception. 2016;93(4):310–6.
Upadhya KK, AAP Committee on Adolescence. Emergency Contraception. Pediatrics. 2019;144(6).e20193149.
Practice Bulletin No. 152: emergency contraception. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;126(3):e1–11.
The authors thank Kaitlyn Morrison for her assistance recruiting participants for the study, Debbie Nguyen for her role coordinating the study, and Dana Watnick for her feedback during the manuscript development.
This work was supported by funding from The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation (grant #2014–9796). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the funder.
Ethics declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate
This study was approved by University of California San Francisco's Institutional Review Board (IRB), protocol number 14–13461. Interview participants gave verbal consent to participate. Researchers took special measures to minimize written linkage between their names and responses, which was approved by the IRB.
Consent for publication
This manuscript does not report personal data such as individual details, images, or videos. Therefore, consent for publication is not applicable.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no known competing interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
About this article
Cite this article
Kaller, S., Mays, A., Freedman, L. et al. Exploring young women's reasons for adopting intrauterine or oral emergency contraception in the United States: a qualitative study. BMC Women's Health 20, 15 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-0886-z
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-0886-z
- Intrauterine device
- Emergency contraception
- Long-acting reversible contraception, women's health, qualitative research


text:
Easy Money Utah
Easy Money Utah understands how tiresome it can be when an individual repeatedly finds him or herself borrowing money from friends and family. Easy Money Utah also fully understands that traditional loans and lending options aren't entirely fast since a committee must take the time to review, check out, and consider someone's loan application. That's why Easy Money Utah decided to provide a solution to consumers in need of fast cash; via the 1st CHOICE Money Center, consumers can get an 1st CHOICE Money Center short term loan within just a few minutes time by writing out a post dated check for the amount of the requested loan, plus any applicable fees.
Easy Money Utah advance loans supplied by 1st CHOICE Money Center can be applied for values at a minimum of $50.00 and any funds approved are directly deposited into a borrower's active checking account within a single business day. Consumers get lightening fast service from friendly staff at 1st CHOICE Money Center, at any of the myriad physical locations in the state of Utah. Consumers can get Easy Money Utah advance loans supplied by 1st CHOICE Money Center in Salt Lake City, South Salt Lake, Rosepark, Midvale, Murray, Kearns, Taylorsville, West Jordan, Tooele, Bountiful, Layton, Orem, and Provo. For general questions and concerns, consumers are urged to visit the official website of 1st CHOICE Money Center at www.easymoneyutah.com. At the website, consumers can submit an electronic submission form to get any questions addressed quickly.
Easy Money Utah's 1st CHOICE Money Center relies heavily on secure socket layer, 128 bit encryption to keep all information safe, secure, and protected from invasive Internet entities. What's more, the 1st CHOICE Money Center has a dedicated server which is also secure. This dual protection keeps the consumer's important personal information protected at all times, and consumers can rest assured in knowing that 1st CHOICE Money Center takes every protection measure seriously and assures their proper implementation for consumer protection.
Easy Money Utah Ratings
Customer Service
0 of 5
Cost of Loan
0 of 5
Funded in Time
0 of 5
Would Use Again
0 of 5
1st CHOICE Money Center's Easy Money Utah advance loans have an APR of 521.43 percent. The company also offers title loans for eligible consumers with an APR of 292 percent. Essentially, 1st CHOICE Money Center charges roughly 10 dollars per every hundred dollars borrowed. The small ten dollar fee that 1st CHOICE Money Center charges for their cash advance loans is charged to the consumer on a per week basis. Thus, if a consumer borrows 200 dollars, for a single week, the consumer will be expected to repay 220 to 1st CHOICE Money Center. This is an incredibly reasonable fee when compared to other cash advance offers.
The post dated check loans supplied by 1st CHOICE Money Center are for short periods only, where a consumer will actually use their checking account as collateral for the loan. When the date of the loan comes due, 1st CHOICE Money Center cashes the check and also gets any fees associated with the post dated check loan. Consumers also have the option off paying of the loan with cash if they desire to do so, and payment can be made prior to the due date of the loan borrowed.
1st CHOICE Money Center supplies consumers with extensions on repayment if the need of an extension arises. Prepayment of 1st CHOICE Money Center's Easy Money Utah loans offers the consumer the ability to save a bit of cash, since only the accrued amount of interest is applied to the loan in question. Provided the applicant is gainfully employed, has had a checking account for at least 90 days, and the consumer has a legitimate identification, consumers can easily get a fast cash advance from 1st CHOICE Money Center.
1st CHOICE Money Center gives Easy Money Utah advances in the store and consumers get instant approval and access to the cash. 1st CHOICE Money Center also handles online money requests, but Internet processing may slow the receipt of funds down by a couple of hours. Those applications submitted and approved before 2 pm, Monday through Thursday, are directly deposited no later than the next business day. Any request process on Friday after 2 pm or on the weekend are credited to the borrower's account by the following Tuesday. For the fastest approval and access possible, it is recommended that consumers head to the nearest 1st CHOICE Money Center for an Easy Money cash advance in Utah. All loan values are based on twenty percent of an applicant's monthly pay after taxes have been deducted.


text:
Lexplore recognised at the SIIA CodiE Awards!
Lexplore was recently the only peer-recognised program at the SIIA CodiE Awards! Recognised for our innovative AI reading assessment program.
The judges described the program as being "an innovative application of computer vision data and AI, which can support student reading fluency." They recognised the important role the assessment could play "as a wonderful resource for learners, educators and families" as "a great early alert tool."


text:
On Saturday 15th October from 10.30am to 1pm the Men's Sheds in Letterkenny located behind St. Conal's Hospital, will open it's doors to the public to showcase the work they do and to deliver some up-cycling demonstrations using pallets and other materials.
The month of October has been designated as National Reuse month and Donegal County Council and the Letterkenny Men's Shed will be coming together to demonstrate how you can reuse your waste.
Suzanne Bogan, Waste Awareness Officer says "donating, refurbishing and repairing items are all forms of reuse and offer people a chance to save or make money, get creative, learn a new skill and be environmentally conscious. This is the first year of National Reuse Month and in the future Donegal County Council hopes to link with other Men's Sheds in the Northwest to host similar open days next year".
This day will also be an opportunity to promote the Sheds activities with other agencies, to attract new members, to promote themselves within the business community, voluntary community and with the general public.
Everyone is encouraged to come along and see what we can Repair - Remake - Re-imagine with waste materials on Saturday 15th October from 10.30am - 1pm. There will be a number of guest speakers including Cllr Terence Slowey, Cathaoirleach of Donegal County Council , John Roe from Letterkenny Men's Shed, a speaker from Letterkenny Tidy Towns, Letterkenny CDP and the National Learning Network.


text: NEWS: A Captivating Curse: Elisabeth Bunker Explores Dirt, Inversions and Beauty at DRAW, Inc. Rebecca Pyle15 BytesFebruary 15, 2019 So what does an artist in Salt Lake City, or in any city, make of inversions — the filling of the valleys we live in with poisonous hazes of automobile exhaust and industrial fumes — our mountainscapes behind a haze of grime, till the cleansing solvents of moving air, snow, or rain, free the landscape from their dirty hanging veil? (In a fairytale, the plight and conundrum would be expressed as: For a curse had fallen over the land.) Keep reading… NEWS: Gov. Herbert says EnergySolutions' donations to lawmakers not a factor as he weighs signing bill that may allow it to store depleted uranium NEWS: House committee approves bill to expand inland port over opposition from environmental groups


text:
I'm always amazed when I ask my high school nutrition class which nutrient is needed in the highest amount in their diets. I expect to hear, "water or carbs", but time and time again, my students tell me protein. Of course, we need protein, but of the 3 macronutrients, it's the one we need the least of in our diets. What's with all the protein hype?
Protein needs
The RDA for protein hasn't budged in years, with the exception of higher needs for wound healing and bodybuilding. It remains .8 grams per kilogram or roughly half of a person's body weight. Yet everyone thinks they need more. This consumer confusion and the desire for convenient protein have given rise to the ever-popular protein bar. You can find a protein bar for just about every occasion and health need. Low carb bars, higher calorie, "energy" bars, gluten-free bars, low glycemic index, and so on.
Whey more than necessary
Protein bars may contain a variety of types of protein including whey, soy, pea protein, hemp protein, nut, or seed-based protein. They can vary in protein, calorie, and fat content. Unfortunately, protein bars are highly processed and filled with a lot more saturated fat, sodium, and other unwanted chemicals that we really don't need. Take inulin, for example. Inulin is a fiber that's naturally found in artichokes, bananas, and asparagus. It's commercially added to protein bars and other foods to boost fiber content. This additive is often poorly digested and may aggravate those dealing with IBS.
In reviewing various bars on the market, the average calorie load is roughly 200 calories per bar. For 200 calories, you could have a slice of whole-wheat toast with one tablespoon of peanut butter or a cup of Greek yogurt topped with 1 cup of frozen berries. Neither contains inulin or excess saturated fat.
Low carb?
While several brands market their bars as low carb or keto, the sugar content can still be quite high. The sugar content in one popular bar is 21 grams, which is like drinking half a can of Coke per day. Even the "low carb" Keto bars are fairly high in calories and carbs. One bar was 260 calories with 22 grams of carbohydrate. For that, you could have half of a turkey sandwich on whole-wheat bread.
Fat bomb
All fats are not created equal, but most of us know which ones to avoid. Saturated fat and trans-fat raise blood cholesterol levels and should be kept at a minimum. The American Heart Association advises 5-6% of calories come from saturated fat. If you eat a protein bar full of coconut or covered in chocolate, you've likely met your saturated fat limit for the day. While protein bars are great for convenience, many are glorified candy bars.
The next time you want some protein in your diet, reach for these nutrient-packed snacks instead.
• String cheese and whole-grain crackers
• Greek yogurt and fruit
• Hard-boiled egg and toast
• Apple slices with peanut butter
• Roasted chickpeas
• Steamed edamame
• GORP (good old raisins n peanuts)
Lisa Andrews, MEd, RD, LD
Download PDF Handout: Protein: Fact Check
[shopify embed_type="collection" shop="nutrition-education-store.myshopify.com" product_handle="whole-grain-health-fair-display"]
[shopify embed_type="collection" shop="nutrition-education-store.myshopify.com" product_handle="workbooks"]
[shopify embed_type="collection" shop="nutrition-education-store.myshopify.com" product_handle="dietary-guidelines"]
Lisa Andrews, MEd, RD, LD, is a registered dietitian and owner of Sound Bites Nutrition in Cincinnati. She shares her clinical, culinary, and community nutrition knowledge through cooking demos, teaching, and freelance writing. Lisa is a regular contributor to Food and Health Communications and Today's Dietitian and is the author of the Healing Gout Cookbook, Complete Thyroid Cookbook, and Heart Healthy Meal Prep Cookbook. Her line of food pun merchandise, Lettuce beet hunger, supports those suffering food insecurity in Cincinnati. For more information, visit her website: https://soundbitesnutrition.com/


text:
April is National Poetry Month, and unfortunately, poetry has a bit of an optics problem.
It's hard! It's confusing! It's boring! I don't get it!
Sound familiar?
Fear not, there are actually super-engaging ways to dazzle your students with the wonders of poetry -- and reach even your most struggling or reluctant students. So this year, be bold. Branch out from the tried and true poetry classics and inspire your students with these engaging forms of poetry that will spark curiosity for all types of learners.
"The poem is not a discussion, not a lecture, but an instance — an instance of attention, of noticing something in the world."
~ Mary Oliver, A Poetry Handbook
Blackout Poems
A helpful strategy for reluctant writers, artistic students, ELLs, visual learners
Got a marker and an old newspaper or magazine? Then you're ready to make some Blackout Poetry! Allow students to choose a tear-sheet of text or provide a text for them. Then, the idea is that students use a marker to black out everything except the words and phrases they want to flow together into a poem. They can black out much of the page or create amazing designs that emphasize the words of their choosing. With this technique, students learn how words can combine and flow into poetry without having to do the heavy lifting of summoning the words themselves. This works especially well with reluctant writers, ELLs, and students who are generally resistant to poetry. It's also great for artistic students and visual learners.
"We can live quiet, apparently sedate lives if we express our wildness by risking and leaping in our writing… The strangest, most far-out renegade part of ourselves can be expressed in a poem while we sit quietly in our kitchen or bedroom. This can save our lives."
~ Susan Goldsmith, Poemcrazy
Found Poems
A helpful strategy for reluctant writers, artistic students, ELLs, visual learners
Found poems use words and phrases from books, magazines, and newspapers — hence, found words. First, students can cut out pieces of words and phrases and lay them out to construct their own work of poetry. They can complete the project by gluing the new poem onto their own sheet. Students can choose to add spaces, break lines, and create entirely new meaning from their chosen words. This is a helpful exercise for reluctant writers and ELLs because they learn how to construct poetry without the pressure of surfacing their own words and phrases. Artistic and visual learners will gain proficiency in crafting poetry through a very hands-on and visual modality. Check out the Teaching Channel video Creating Found Poems to see an example of this strategy in action.
VIDEO: Creating Found Poems
"Painting is silent poetry, and poetry is painting that speaks."
~ Plutarch
Ekphrastic Poems
A helpful strategy for artistic students and visual learners
Ekphrastic comes from the Greek word "Ekphrasis," which means "description," so ekphrastic poems are vivid poetic pieces that detail a piece of visual art. The speaker is usually impacted by the piece of art and the poem can detail that connection. Get started by providing students with some imagery of works of art or let them choose their own. Because of the focus on visual art, this is a perfect assignment for a Museum field trip.
VIDEO: Visiting a Museum
Once students have chosen a piece, ask them to describe the piece in a unique poem. They can tell a story about what's happening in the art, describe the work, or express how it makes them feel. Ask students to describe the image thoughtfully, so that a reader who wasn't looking directly at the piece of art could imagine it well. This is a profound way to stimulate the senses and connect visual learners and artistic students to the concept of poetry.
Check out the Teaching Channel video Poetry Visualization: Draw What Your Hear for a lesson idea on engaging artistic and visual learners in poetry.
"Poetry is a matter of life, not just a matter of language"
~ Lucille Clifton
Bilingual or Translated Poetry
A helpful strategy for ELLs and struggling readers
The figurative language and nuances of poetry can be very difficult for English Language Learners to understand. Providing bilingual poems that include both the student's native language and English can help a struggling ELL student to understand and connect with poetry. Further, using poetry translations side-by-side can illuminate the meaning and flow of a poem and demystify the complex language for a language learner.
"Spoken word poetry is the art of performance poetry. I tell people it involves creating poetry that doesn't just want to sit on paper, that something about it demands to be heard out loud or witnessed in person."
~ Sarah Kay, ProjectVOICE
Spoken Word
A helpful strategy for reluctant readers and writers, adolescents, musically-inclined students, or performers
Spoken word is a gateway into poetry for adolescents, reluctant readers and writers, as well as for the musically inclined or performers. Spoken word takes poetry off the flat page, and gives it rhythm, humanity, and authenticity. Students who struggle to make sense of poetry in written form are often moved when they hear it read aloud, as meaning becomes more clear. Those who are musical will enjoy the rhythmic qualities of spoken word — especially when it's done well. YouTube is full of amazing spoken word performances to watch for inspiration, and a Poetry Slam or Poetry Open Mic event at your school can really elevate your students' experience with both writing and performing poetry.
VIDEO: Poetry Open Mic
For more ideas on incorporating spoken word poetry into the classroom, check out this Tch Talks podcast with spoken word poet, educator, and author Sarah Kay. You can also find ideas and resources at websites like Project VOICE, Poetry Out Loud, UrbanWordNYC, and Nuyorican Poets Cafe.
Ready to Get Started Teaching Poetry?
Check out Teaching Channel's poetry lesson ideas, along with these great books:
- Poemcrazy: Freeing Your Life With Words, by Susan Goldsmith
- A Poetry Handbook by Mary Oliver
- Rhythm & Resistance: Teaching Poetry for Social Justice by Linda Christensen
- Rose, Where Did You Get That Red? by Kenneth Koch
- Take the Mic: The Art of Performance Poetry, Slam, and the Spoken Word by Marc Kelly Smith


text:
I am thrilled and delighted that my old friends at the John Carter Brown Library in Providence, Rhode Island (a favorite research location) have remounted a new version of the 2004 exhibition that I curated in connection with the JCB's bicentennial conference on the Haitian Revolution. The exhibition is open now through the end of April 2014 and is accompanied by a wonderful digital version that you can access here. The new version of the exhibition is part of a collaboration between the JCB and the New York Historical Society. If you have not yet seen the scintillating essays in the NYHS's Revolution! volume that came out a few years ago (edited by Rabinowitz, Dubois, and Bender), by all means hasten to read them. Thanks so much to Susan Danforth, the JCB's George S. Parker Curator of Maps and Prints, for all she did to make this new edition of the exhibition possible, and to Leslie Tobias Olsen for work on the website version. Looking forward to marking the occasion with a lecture on Haiti at the JCB on March 8 and, even before then, at a Feb. 21 panel that is part of the "Curators on International Slavery" series at Brown on Feb. 20-21, 2014.
Category Archives: Exhibitions
On "1763: A Revolutionary Peace"
This year is the 250th anniversary of the signing of the Peace of Paris ending the Seven Years War, and today marks 250 years to the day since King George III issued his Royal Proclamation of October 7, 1763 reorganizing the British North American empire in the aftermath of that war. Partly as a provocation, I sometimes tell folks that the Seven Years War and the diplomatic arrangements that ended it constitute the single most important set of events in modern Atlantic history. Of course, on its face such an assertion is relatively meaningless: everything gives rise to everything else, back to the beginning of time. But as a statement about the context out of which the Atlantic revolutionary era and thus the modern Atlantic world arises, it is hard to dispute. Consider the following three massive land transfers or settlements that were occasioned by the war: "Canada" goes from the French to the British, "Louisiana" goes from the Spanish to the French, and "India" comes under the undisputed domination of the British (though the French Company of the Indies retained its principal trading ports along the Coromandel coast, most notably Pondichéry). And that is just the beginning of the story: I am leaving out here the transformation of the Caribbean and the impact on the European sphere, for this was indeed arguably the first global military conflict. "Things like this" just did not happen every day in the eighteenth century or in any other century. So the next time my students react skeptically to another of my breathless evocations of the astonishing significance of the Seven Years War, I ask them to consider, as dispassionately as possible, the raw evidence!
This past Friday I went with a small group of my students from "How to Stage a Revolution" to see the Bostonian Society's wonderful (and now, sadly, closed) exhibit "1763: A Revolutionary Peace," at the Old State House in Boston. (The Bostonian Society is the organization now in charge of preserving the Old State House, the location of the Massachusetts colonial governor's office and council chambers, and the backdrop to the 1770 Boston Massacre of John Adams fame.) Thanks to Nat Sheidley, director of public history programs for the Society, and Donald Carlton, project director for the Peace of 1763 Commemoration, for a memorable tour, and for sharing their images of three extraordinary documents produced by the Seven Years War conflict. The first is the signature page of Britain's original manuscript copy of the Peace of Paris treaty, signed Feb. 10, 1763:
The second is a 1755 proclamation by Massachusetts Lieut. Governor Phips setting prices on the heads of Penobscott Indians (three different prices, one for men, another for women, and a third for children of either sex under twelve).
And the third is the the Royal Proclamation of 1763, which, among other things, barred the American colonists from settling (further) into Indian country west of the Appalachian mountains (look to the final provisions at the lower right for the language in question):
There you have it. Three extraordinary documents, one extraordinary war. The Junto (an early Americanists blog) has an interesting post today on the Bostonian Society's roundtable of this past Friday (Oct. 4) on the Royal Proclamation and the Seven Years War, wherein I learned of the energetic efforts of the McNeil Center for Early American Studies to recall especially the American Indian dimensions of the Seven Years War, including by way of a forthcoming conference on the December 1763 Conestoga Massacre carried out by the Paxton Boys (and denounced by Benjamin Franklin in a famous pamphlet).


text:
Today history was made as amiable youthful Ugwumba Uche Nwosu flaged off Empowerment programme for Imo youths.
The event took place at Imo Trade & Investment Centre where several Imo youths turned out in their large numbers from various zones for the official flag off ceremony of the empowerment programe powerred by Ezihe Foundations.
The programme would last for two weeks afterwhich certificate would be issued to participants. The participants would also be given finance to start up after the training.
The Ugwumba Uche Nwosu Youths Skill Acquisition Empowerment Programs would have more than 500 as beneficiaries. They are to be trained on Welding,Interior Decor, Fashion Designing, Bead Making, Catering Services, Detergents Production etc.
Members of Ugwumba Vanguard, Ugwumba Movment, Believe Movement, Ugwumba Creative Club and other groups that are piloting affairs at various LGA were on ground to lend their support to this great project.
Anchoring the programme today was no other than the newly appointed EA to the Governor on ICT Ekwe Scott Ekwe.
Also present includes DG Ezihe Foundation , Engr Ekene Nobert- State Facilitator Ugwumba Creativity Club, Anokwute Uzoma Director of Protocol to COS/ Publisher Stone Magazine, the Vice Chairman Owerri Municipal, Rochas Pikin : SA to the Governor on Social Media.
According to him \"this is the first time in the history of Imo state that a political office holder would single-handedly empower directly, these number of youths as seen in the pictures.
Onye nwere Ugwumba Uche Nwosu Nwere Mmadu \"
A lot of econiums, acclodes was showered on Ugwumba Uche Nwosu for this great initiative.
In an exclusive post made on social media, Hon Simple Iheanyi Ugorji said his views on skills acquisition:
\"The link between skills acquisition, job creation and employment cannot be over emphasized. Economic growth is necessary for sustained reduction of poverty, but how far the growth process succeeds in creating productive employment opportunities, including self employment for members of the population living in poverty depends entirely on their ability to seize employment opportunities or maximize their potential for self employment available to them.
Employment generating strategies must therefore be harnessed to reduce poverty and accelerate the local economic growth process. Vocational learning is the form of education that enables adults to acquire "practical, hands -on "skills sets that can be turned into a viable vocation.\"
Speaking too is Mr Ikechukwu Anyanwu, a leadership blogger. Who took time to appreciate Ugwumba Uche Nwosu
\" On behlaf of Face of Arise Afrika team, we wish to say a big thank you to the Grand Commander of Youth Empowerment for always going all the way for the youths.
We use to hear that youths are leaders of tomorrow. But with you, we are very much closer to that come 2019.\"
Arise Afrika #Reporting


text: Theresa Fire Units were dispatched to a vehicle fire on Interstate 81, northbound, (milemarker 172) early Wednesday evening, upon arrival of fire units the fire had been extinguished with a fire extinguisher. Crews took care of a few "hot spots" and checked heat temperatures with the thermal imaging camera to ensure fire was out. The truck was hauled away by a local tow company and Theresa Fire units were clear of the scene by 6 pm.


text:
9 Results
High school students learn about the case of Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission and its related Constitutional principles.
In the wake of the Tree of Life Synagogue deadly shooting, students explore the rise of antisemitic incidents nationwide, how the escalation of hate operates and how allyship can make a difference.
Teach high school studentsabout the Stonewall uprising and reflect on LGBTQ rights and activism throughout U.S. history.
Students analyze the history of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), marriage equality in the United States, and the repeal of DOMA.
An oral history and curriculum project that will help educators to integrate LGBT history, people and issues into their instructional programs.
Until recently, the story of the children during the Holocaust was rarely told. This guide recounts the war-time experiences of three child survivors.
This lesson provides an opportunity for students to learn more about the evolution of the Boy Scouts' position on gay members and leaders, analyze Robert Gates' recent speech on the issue and explore students' own points of view by writing persuasive essays.


text:
Save the Date: Euro Convergence 2021 10 -12 May 2021
Registration will open in late January 2021. Connect with us by joining our mailing list to receive the latest news for Euro Convergence 2021.
Learn the expansive content designed by European regulatory affairs professionals.
Engage in discussions about the most pressing regulatory topics in Europe.
Share experiences and network with other stakeholders.
Connect with sponsors, exhibitors, and keynote speakers.
Access the latest innovations
and direct connections with solutions providers via video chat and virtual booth capabilities.
Download the Euro Convergence agenda and register today.
Experience the conference via our new, innovative online offering.


text:
Search harvard health publications. what can we help you find? enter search terms and tap the search button. both articles and products will be searched.. A urine analysis may show high blood sugar. but a urine test alone does not diagnose diabetes. your health care provider may suspect that you have diabetes. 2 know your health numbers below are some numbers to aim for..
These four clues can reveal crucial information about your health.. Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy. Diabetes health medical disclaimer the information on this site is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment..
Sign up for free dlife newsletters . get nutrition tips & delicious recipes delivered every tuesday! get weekly breaking diabetes news, polls, profiles, and more.. Table of contents. introduction; what is type 2 diabetes? type 2 diabetes can be prevented; simple steps to lower your risk. control your weight; get moving—and.
Their mission is to prevent and cure diabetes and to improve the lives of all people affected by this disease. [english and spanish].


text:
how make invoice
If you do not know if an invoice is legitimate, call the organization and ask for details of your purchase. It is also possible to make recurring invoices. The factoring of invoices for subcontractors is economical when it is willing to invoice invoices in a convenient way in its business. To avoid problems in the first place, set the basic rules for payment.
You should carefully review your accounts. Even when you have multiple accounts, you decide to stay on the other side of the chosen event. In the same way, you will need some client accounts.
The type of business you do, the purpose of the funds and the size of the loan. So, why not take advantage of your ability to generate money and find the business? Make a list of ways to generate money. I think I will have a lot of money.
The price of financing is the crucial question to be defined and negotiated. Some small costs can be reduced with the least risk of compromising the quality of services. The price of creating a website is much lower than before. This is not the same as the price of a single job, or has not precisely determined the price of its price. The amount of the discount must be subtracted after the cost agreement. The total cost of the other server, $ 11,000, should be amortized over fifty years.
Your client is simply interested in what you can do for him or her. In this case, you will be able to stay in touch with the customer. Customers are a bit more inclined to buy something they should have as if they were controlling the price they pay. If you have one or more of your big customers, you do not have to pay your bills on time. In contact with potential customers.
You should not lie on any part of your business. If you are a member of your company, you may wish to keep detailed records of each item. You can build a successful business with a range of solutions.
For starters, you need to look into your business to see where your money comes from. If your business is simply a part-time business with little profit, you must have a separate bank account and a separate business credit card. You must understand that my business is not standard. Whether you're starting a new business or running a consolidated business, mixing personal funds and corporate funds is a recipe for bankruptcy. Perhaps you have a small business that operates in an informal environment.


text:
Monday, 2 March 2015
Video from The Age
Check out Tom and Mike and me in speaking roles and lovely cameos from Mary and Norman and Nick! A few of the younger photogenic diggers get to be background scenery so if you were there week 1 check it out.
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)