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Surveillance video shows moments before Travis Boys' arrest in Ninth Ward
Surveillance footage outside and inside a convenience store shows a man believed to be the suspect in the killing of a New Orleans officer just before his arrest Sunday in the Ninth Ward.
Travis Boys, 33, remains at the Orleans Parish Prison on charges of first-degree murder of a police officer, aggravated escape and illegal possession of a firearm. He is accused of fatally shooting Holloway, a 22-year veteran of the New Orleans Police Department.
MOBILE APP USERS: Watch Full Surveillance Footage Here
WDSU obtained surveillance footage Monday from the Brothers Food Mart on St. Claude Avenue where Boys allegedly visited before his arrest Sunday morning. Boys was caught getting on a public bus in the area, ending a nearly 24-hour manhunt in New Orleans, the NOPD said.
Exclusive: Travis Boys told wife he was going to kill her, shot at her prior to allegedly killing NOPD officer, report shows
The surveillance footage is divided into four parts and shows a man fitting Boys' description at the convenience store. The man is wearing a jacket, jeans and baseball cap.
Outside the store, the alleged suspect is seen walking past an NOPD patrol vehicle before going inside. While the man is walking past the vehicle, one officer is standing outside the driver's side, while a second officer is sitting in the passenger's side.
The second video clip shows the apparent suspect standing near the entrance of the convenience store. The individual is seen talking to two employees and pacing from one side of the counter to the other.
A third video clip shows the alleged suspect standing at the counter with what appears to be money in his hand. The fourth video clip shows the man at the counter when two NOPD officers walk inside.
The man believed to be Boys turns away as the officers walk inside. One of the officers walks past the man, while the other officer stands near the entrance.
Moments later, the officer that walked past the alleged suspect turns back around, looks at the man and leaves with the other officer at the entrance. The alleged suspect pays at the register and leaves the business.
After the man leaves the convenience store, an NOPD SUV follows behind him.
Shortly afterward, the NOPD said Boys boarded an RTA bus and was arrested after a brief chase by officers. He still had broken handcuffs on his wrists.
According to an arrest warrant, investigators said Boys is "beyond any doubt" the person who fatally shot Holloway. Investigators said initial arrest documents, an identification card belonging to Boys in the vehicle and the camera footage corroborate the identification.
Boys appeared in magistrate court Sunday afternoon for his first appearance hearing. The judge ordered Boys held without bond for first-degree murder of a police officer and aggravated escape.
Exclusive: Travis Boys told wife he was going to kill her, shot at her prior to allegedly killing NOPD officer, report shows
Suspect in NOPD officer killing yells 'Let me go before you kill yourself,' warrant says
Family, friends, community remember NOPD Officer Daryle Holloway
Travis Boys makes first court appearance; being held without bond at Orleans Parish Prison
Travis Boys booked into Orleans Parish Prison after arrest in Ninth Ward
Exclusive Video: Suspect in NOPD officer killing arrested in Ninth Ward
Continuing Coverage: What's next for Travis Boys?
Suspect in NOPD officer killing arrested in Ninth Ward
Family, friends remember Officer Daryle Holloway with vigil in Desire neighborhood
Officer Daryle Holloway among others killed in line of duty since Hurricane Katrina
Update: Crimestoppers ups reward to $20K in slaying of NOPD officer
Mayor Mitch Landrieu: Murder of NOPD officer 'despicable,' 'cowardly'
NOPD officer shot, killed while transporting prisoner near Claiborne, Elysian Fields
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My e-commerce site has 10 categories of products (for example, black shoes, blue shoes, red heels, etc.,)
I want to create a deeplink for every category so that user will arrive to the site and see ONLY 1 product category.
Can you advise how I can review how my URLs operate, so that I can create these new deeplinks.
submitted by /u/yadayadayada274
[link] [comments]

subset: commoncrawl


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Fill out the form here to go paperless and receive only the electronic version of Columns Newsletter. Going paperless is fast, easy, convenient, and it helps the Wisconsin Historical Society save on printing and postage costs so your support has an even greater impact. Thank you!
© 1996-2017 Wisconsin Historical Society, PO Box 260050, Madison, WI 53726-0050


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- Does the icon publication (brief 4) look better spaced over a DPS or one page per puzzle?
- Do you prefer the horizontal sequence of the icons or vertical?
- Is my blog clear & easy to follow?
- Do you think it would be better to represent the item how it stereotypically looks, or how it appears in the movie? e.g The pinny on the children's puzzle is how it appears in the film and may be unclear.
In general, the feedback was good. I am honest enough to say that I should probably have more work done at this point, but at the same time I am constantly investigating my design context, and my dissertation has had to take priority over the past couple of weeks.


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Tour the most trendy house out there! Palm Beach Kips Bay Show House.
Palm Beach Kips Bay Show House is open! The 10 000 square foot Mediterranean-style house located in Florida brings hundreds of decorating ideas together! This showhouse was transformed by 22 of United States best interior design firms in a period of four months.
Each area is decorated by a different firm or interior designer portraying the style of each one of them. The house is currently open for tours with proceeds benefitting both the Kips Bay Boys & Girls Club and Boys & Girls Club of Palm Beach County. Find out more
Now let's dig into the house tour!
Living Room
Cindy Rinfret
The designer chose elements with a "traveled and collected feel". The result was a living room full of character, distinct objects that give us a feeling as if these have been brought back from many travels and put together beautifully.
Guest Suite
Peter Dunham
The LA-based interior designer has a different approach to this first-floor lounge area. The final result is a patterned blue intimate space decorated with modern art.
Dining Room
David Scott
David Scott, New York-based, created the dining room by combining the latest of contemporary artisans with rich natural textures. He's a fan of an eclectic mix of objects and that can be seen in this beautiful dining room.
See also: Alexander McQueen's Spanish Villa Sold For Almost $3 Million
Family Room
David Phoenix
David Phoenix created a family room free of technologies, where the creation of a sitting area for spending quality family time was the priority. The designer layered shades of neutrals and green accents.
Danielle Rollins
Danielle Rollins selected the Pantone Color of the Year to decorate this bedroom. When creating the room the designer decided to aim for a sunset room and her starting point was a Hermes scarf.
Master Bedroom
David Mitchell Brown
When transforming the master bedroom, the designer used translucent light as a guiding concept. Citrine draperies, silk wallpaper and a palette that feels like soft watercolors.
You might also like: How to Incorporate Living Coral in a Luxury Interior
source: elledecor.com
Don't forget to follow us on Instagram, Facebook, and Pinterest.


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After 5 years since the release of "The Lost Tapes" Hip Hop artist Gutta Tarentino formally known as Young Gutta debuts his 2nd official mix-tape under the LTP independent music label entitled "The Premiere" featuring artist such as home town native Syn Soundz, Skeeta Riley and label mate Stefanello. "I never switched .. It was always evident, that I was always HellaSpit .. By all means.. We gone get at it!"
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Follow Lady In The Man Cave via Twitter now: https://twitter.com/LadyInTheManCve.
Follow Lady In The Man Cave via Facebook too: https://www.facebook.com/LadyInTheManCave.
Get all your sports, celebrity gossip, music, events, national/local news!
And to the artists, email the site (firstname.lastname@example.com) or via Twitter/FB if you'd like to get an interview on the RADIO "Lady In The Man Cave" show, every Friday night, 10:15pm until midnight on 9.7FM (WXCI.ORG)


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A lot of services can be offered these days. If you are a business-minded person, then you should know that the demand for a service will allow for a great business opportunity. With that in mind, you can establish a business that meet the said demand. Just make certain that this business is really want you are interested in.
You should have no problems with establishing a business nowadays. As long as you pay attention to what your strengths are, your qualification for this business, as well as your interest, then you should be able to go for this idea. For example, you can consider becoming independent contractor if you are already experienced in swimming pool leak detection and repair Surrey BC.
Becoming independent takes more than just your abilities though. You will also have to think about the things that you have to do to properly establish the business you want to have and make it legal. There are many requirements that you have to take. There are also processes that you have to go through.
As long as you take up the right steps in opening the business, it should be fine. When you go through the right steps, you can make the work easier. The business can be established without any significant problems. Here are some of the crucial steps that you have to go through in order to establish the business.
First, you need a business license. There is no business in existence these days that you can call legal if it does not have a license. Only a business with a license can be called legal because the license is the proof of permission that the government grants to business owner to operate in the state. This is a must-have.
There is a need to find a nice location as well. The location will have a huge impact on the marketing of this business. You got to find a nice spot for operating this business then. If you are already picking out a location where you can run this business, then think about the accessibility of this place as well as its size.
Find the right employees you can work with. You cannot do this work alone. You have to find people who have the qualifications for the vacant position in your business that you want to fill. When you are hiring employees, you have to see their qualifications, certifications, licenses, experience, and other employment requirements.
Equipment are important to your business as well. The equipment required for this business range from huge machinery to small tools. With your budget, you have to buy the required equipment. If your budget is limited, then buy those you really need first. You can save up money to buy the rest later.
The business needs to be marketed. There is no way that a business without any marketing strategies can get the interest of potential clients. If you do not properly market this business, then you have no way of exposing this business to the outside world. That means no profit too. You should not allow that to happen so market the business well.
Read more about Tips In Opening A Swimming Pool Leak Detection And Repair Company.


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DMV Beauty Clinic
Look Great. Feel Amazing.
Our Doors Are Open By Appointment!
We're waiting for you!
Monday - Sunday 10:00 am - 7:00 pm
Ultrasonic Rejuvenation Treatment
Now Available!
Trend of 2021
Lash Lift & Brow Lamination
Book your appointment today for the most demanding service!
DMV Beauty Clinic
Permanent Make Up & Beauty Clinic
Eyelash Extension
$170 +
Lash extensions are individually applied synthetic hair fibers attached to the base of each eyelash with a special lash glue. Each fake lash is applied one by one to your own eyelashes. It is the best way to enhance your natural eyelashes without applying mascara or strip false lashes. It gives you an opportunity to ease up on your morning routine by waking up already looking fabulous.
Microblading/Powder Shading/Combo
$500 +
Microblading is a semi-permanent tattoo technique used to create the illusion of fuller brows by using handheld tool to manually draw hair strokes.
Microshading is a permanent pigment application that fills in the entire brow with light pigmentation through the use of a fine tipped needle.
Combo is a combination of both techniques in one procedure that gives natural and still very glamorous look.
$450 +
Permanent eyeliner frames the eyes and can make eyelashes appear thicker, fuller and darker. It may eliminate the need to apply eyeliner with makeup. It can enhance the shape and give the symmetry to eyes by creating the illusion of larger eyes. Permanent eyeliner can also enhance or intensify eye color and make eyes appear brighter.
Lip Blushing/Aquarelle Lips
$600 +
We all know how great it feels to walk out of a Beauty Salon and be satisfied with the service we received. Don't forget to consider permanent lip blushing as a part of our permanent make up services provided in DMV Beauty Studio. Lip blushing is a form of semi-permanent cosmetic tattoo that enhances the lips' natural tint and shape, giving them a boost and a glossy touch. It's designed to define and outline your lips giving them a better shape and symmetry.
DMV Beauty Clinic is Here to Serve You!
Plasma Fibroblast Skin Tightening treatment is now available at 20% off!
Your #1 Beauty Clinic
"The will to win, the desire to succeed, the urge to reach your full potential... these are the keys that will unlock the door to personal excellence."
Contact Us!
Ginger Rummler
Extremely professional! I would highly recommend. I wasn't sure which service I needed but knew what I wanted as a outcome. We talked it through and found the best options. I felt secure in knowing that I would be in good hands. I am completely satisfied and will be back.
Amanda Fitzgerald
I was interested in microblading vs shading my eyebrows for some time, was browsing a few different clinics and so happy I decided on DMV Beauty Clinic! She was super helpful and informative on the two different procedures and helped decide what was best for me. The environment was clean, comfortable, and very professional. And my brows look great!
Patricia Mahafkey
DMV is amazing. The environment is clean, pristine, and very welcoming. Since this was my first visit, I just started off with an eyelash lift. I have received many compliments and plan to go back for my eyebrows! Guli was my artist. She is very professional.


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Recently, I wrote to you about wedding favors, souvenirs that will help your guests to remember your wedding. And what will allow you to catch all the magic moments?
Of course, the best souvenir from the wedding and the reception are photos… But apart from beautiful photos from the photographer, it's worth thinking about a photo booth or instax and a guest book specially prepared for this.
The wedding guest book is a good idea to capture fun and touching moments. In the guest book, each of the wedding guests can leave a few words for the bride and groom and add a funny picture. In this way, a book will be created, to which it will be nice to come back after the wedding.
The guestbook can of course be adapted to the theme of the wedding. Floral, botanical, rustic, glamor or even wooden. We can also make guest books from an individual project, nothing is impossible for us! 😉
If the traditional paper guest book seems too ordinary to you, we want to say that a good idea will also be a guest book in the form of a frame, which after the event you can hang in honor place at home.
The guest book in the form of a souvenir frame includes wooden or plexiglass hearts in which guests write their wishes. Then they throw them inside and thus creates a unique mosaic of good words addressed to the bride and groom.
Sounds intriguing? Below you will find some of our suggestions for guest books.


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- About this Product
- Product Specifications
- Videos
- Reviews
- Shipping & Returns
About this Product
This set of contemporary candles will add a modern touch and a warm glow to just about any space. Features an assortment of three pillars, each with a natural flicker and a marble-patterned, life-like wax exterior. These candles are flameless - enjoy the ambiance of candles without the messy wax or worry of an open flame. Please note: every candle's marble pattern is unique, just like real marble. Perfect for home, weddings, churches, restaurants, and events.
**Please note candle plates are not included with this product.
Helpful Details
- Features an assortment of contemporary, marble-patterned flameless candles, each with a lifelike wax exterior and natural flicker
- Battery operated: 2 AA alkaline batteries included per candle
- Includes our 8-function remote allowing for a preference-tailored experience with 4 and 8 hour daily repeat timer as well as a choice of flicker or static light
- Single LED in each candle provides warm yet bright light for visibility and ambiance
- On the color temperature scale, this item reads at 2700K. It is a soft, warm white - perfect for spaces meant to be cozy and inviting
Product Specifications
- Batteries Included
- Two AA Batteries Per Candle
- Candle Effect
- Soft Glow, Steady On
- Finishing
- White & Black, Wax, Smooth
- LED Temperature
- Warm White, 2700K
- Power Source
- Battery operated
- Product Dimensions
- 3" Dia x 4" H
- 3" Dia x 5" H
- 3" Dia x 6" H
- Remote Included
- Yes
- Special Features
- Faux Marble Finish
- Switch Options
- On/Off
- Timer Details
- 4 & 8 Hour Timer Included Download Manual Download Cutsheet
Product Reviews
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Reviews (13)
We replaced the countertops in our Jack and Jill bathroom with white marble tops. I wanted to get some flameless candles that had timers to use at nightlights. These came with a 4hr and 8 hr timer and a remote to set all. They match the counter and look great. Exactly what I wanted.
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All questions are answered within 24 hours.
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Shipping & Returns
Shipping is free on orders over $59 to the 48 contiguous states (all states except Alaska and Hawaii). For all orders under $59, the best value is flat-rate ground shipping for $9.95. For faster delivery, we offer Next Day, 2nd Day, and 3 Day Select. We also ship to Canada, Alaska, Hawaii, and U.S. Territories for an additional cost. Review our full Shipping Policy.
If you're not completely satisfied with your purchase, most unused items can be returned for a refund within two weeks (decor items) or 45 days (light fixtures) of receipt. Please note items labeled as ""Sale"", ""Clearance"", or ""Final Sale"" are considered final and cannot be returned. Unfortunately, shipping is not refundable and a restocking fee may apply. Review our full Return policy..
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Cool, crisp air is making an appearance. School buses are back on the streets. Both tell-tale signs that fall is imminent. It's not quite the blazing days of summer, but the leaves aren't falling yet either, so we've put together some early fall entertaining ideas for some post Labor Day fun.Read More
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The 2022 Holiday Gift Guide
Forget the socks, nevermind the ties and new calendars. This year, only fun shopping allowed; this gift guide walks you through options for all your loved ones. Find the perfect things to compliment their interests and personalities. Dreamy and free-spirited? We got you covered. Down to earth and handy? Wow them with something pretty and practical. Let's get your season started with a knock out of the park.Read More
Infinity Wick Champagne Gold Textured Pillar Candles, 3" Multipack, Set of 3$40.00 $29.99Shop Now
Infinity Wick Marble 3-LED 6"x6" Pillar Candle$48.00 $24.99Shop Now
Meri Glass Lantern with Solar Candle$45.00Shop Now
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Pax Silver Pillar Candle Holder, Large$28.00 $5.97Shop Now
Signature White Flameless 4x10" Melted-Edge Wax Pillar Candle$18.00 $9.99Shop Now
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Who We Are
Lighting Made Simple
We believe that illuminating your home should be easy. At each step - from shopping to installation in your home - we work to make your experience as seamless as possible.
Factory Direct
Everything at Lights.com is designed, produced, and sold directly to you allowing us to offer beautiful lighting at accessible prices. No middlemen. No markups.
Timeless Design, Made Right
Timeless, affordable design shouldn't come at the cost of others. Our factories value not only quality manufacturing, but also the ethical treatment of their craftsmen.
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By PAUL MARYNIAK
Executive Editor
Nothing succeeds like success.
As cliché as that might sound, it pretty much describes the business and personal trajectory of financial advisors Jim Dwyer of Ahwatukee and Michael McGinley of Gilbert.
On the personal side, they have been close friends since the 1990s when they were undergrads at Arizona State University.
And for the last seven years, they also have been partners in a Chandler firm they founded called Providus Advisors.
Now they're hanging a new shingle on their offices at 1490 S. Price Road and will now be known as EP Wealth.
They've been acquired by EP Wealth Advisors, a fee-only registered investment adviser and financial planning firm based in Torrance, California that has offices in the California cities of San Francisco, San Diego, Los Angeles and Irvine as well as Seattle, Denver, Dallas and the Chicago region.
EP Wealth manages more than $7 billion through its client-centric financial planning and investment management services to individuals and businesses.
The two men specialize in investment management and financial planning for high-net-worth individuals and families and retirement plan services for small businesses.
The move helps the two friends, who will hold the titles of partner and vice president with EP Wealth.
Although they have maintained a parttime staff over the years, they needed more time to spend with clients. "Typically, we shared financial planning and investment management functions of the firm," McGinley said. "We did divide other tasks."
Dwyer handled marketing, including the website, and McGinley handled operations, such as compliance matters.
Yet, McGinley said, "As our firm grew, we found running the firm on a day-to-day basis to be more challenging. More importantly, we wanted to offer our clients more attention and greater resources.
"With EP Wealth, we feel we can offer our clients more and personally improve our own quality of life."
Added Dwyer: "With that added support from such an established firm, we will be able to offer our clients more robust services and an even more personalized experience overall."
"Our clients have been very excited about the transition," Dwyer said. "Every client moved with us to EP."
EP Wealth is excited as well.
"We are thrilled to partner with Providus and add their team's areas of expertise and industry experience to our roster," said Patrick Goshtigian, CFA, President and CEO of EP Wealth.
"Providus has earned and maintained a loyal client base through a deep commitment to delivering on clients' financial goals, a philosophy that aligns with the EP Wealth approach," Goshtigian added.
He said that Providus "has helped its clients achieve and maintain financial independence."
The acquisition marks the 11th transaction in a period of strategic growth for EP Wealth.
McGinley, a native Arizonan, and Dwyer, a Missouri native who moved here with his family 35 years ago, met at ASU around 1997 when they paired up for a college assignment and have been best friends ever since.
They both are certified financial planners, have bachelor's degrees in finance and got into wealth management for similar reasons.
"I've always been interested with personal finance," McGinley said. "In modern society, money is a challenging topic for everyone and I get enormous satisfaction out of helping my clients."
Dwyer said, "I discovered my path in college when taking an options and financial derivatives class. I have been fascinated by the financial markets ever since."
They also feel they provide an essential service.
"Everyone wants to make good decisions in regards to their finances," McGinley said. "Today's financial world is very complex."
"A good wealth advisor should be willing and able to assist you with all aspects of your financial life. Investments are important but a good advisor should help you focus on so much more – helping you build an enjoyable retirement, reducing your taxes and having your affairs in order."
They also said that complexity likely has become even more challenging as a result of the pandemic.
He said there have been some technological challenges for some clients moving to a primarily virtual setting but that has only served as a critical reminder: "I would say many of our clients now place a higher priority on making sure their affairs are in order – in other words, 'if something happens to me I want to make sure my loved ones are cared for."
Dwyer added, "I think people have come to realize in 2020 that things can happen that are completely unexpected so having a plan is more important than ever."
Information: 1490 S. Price Road, Chandler; 480-704-3024, epwealth.com.


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- Joanna Pelletier
3 Quick Tips for Improving Your Keyword Research
By now, you know that implementing keywords into the content on your website, blog, and URLs are key strategies for improving your SEO ranking. However, including the wrong keywords or too many keywords can be just as detrimental.
Although you may not always notice them, keywords play an integral role when it comes to helping a small business get found online. So let's get to it by breaking down the long and short (tail) of it.
Commit Yourself to Ongoing, Monthly Keyword Research
If you think about it, the Internet is very similar to a living being. It's always growing, changing, and evolving. Its needs are different and fluctuates at every stage of its evolution. That fluctuation will also cause your keyword rankings to fluctuate, and a time may come when specific keywords don't work as well as they did in the past.
This is where you have to be ready to commit yourself to spending a day or two each month to keyword research, performance tracking, and implementation. Keyword research is an ever-changing process that involves a strategy and a comprehensive understanding of your business, customers, and your industry. Focusing on keywords that are specific to your business, customers, and industry will help to ensure the right customers are coming to your door. Sure, we want to increase our customer base, but we don't want to target consumers that may not find the value in our business.
Use the Right Keywords
Short-tail keywords, or keywords composed of very generic keywords, might seem appealing because people search for them more often than long-tail keywords. These types of keywords, however, are also a lot more competitive and more difficult to rank for. So, unless you're writing content for a large organization like Wendy's or REI, and consumers are likely searching specifically for your product, you don't want to enter into a sea of competitors with big brands that have even bigger pockets.
Long-tail keywords, on the other hand, may not be as frequently typed into a search engine—think, "Cheese" vs. "Beschamel Cheese Sauce Recipe". By including more long-tail keywords into the content on your page, you'll attract a larger number of customers who are likely to search for any combination of those long-tail keywords.
If you're a business with a physical storefront, location-based keywords are also worth a look. Location-based keywords are keywords that directly relate to your business's physical location. For example, if you own a bakery in Chicago's Pilsen neighborhood, you'll want to include not only Chicago, but also the name of that specific neighborhood. By doing so, you're more likely to target visitors in your area rather than across town who may or may not ever make it to your location.
Avoid Keyword Stuffing
Speaking of misleading customers that may not find value in your business, adding as many keywords as possible to your website page content is called keyword stuffing, and it's a huge no-no in digital marketing circles.
Less is more, dearheart, and page content quality will always win over how many (It's like that saying about boats and ocean waves if you catch my drift). The best thing you can do is to choose one relevant focus keyword for your page and add it to your URL, title tag, headings, and the first 100 words of the page. My favorite words are the ones that blend in with the rest of the copy in a natural way.


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Saturday 18 October 1969 She was consumed in Palermo one of the most sensational theft of Art History.
The event took place within the Oratory Church of San Lorenzo, in the city center.
In the early afternoon, around three, two keepers who had to get everything ready for commissioning, they found that a large painting above the altar was gone.
It was a painting any, but nothing less than a masterpiece Michelangelo Merisi, say The Caravaggio (see also: https://www.pilloledistoria.it/11170/notizie/caravaggio-mori-di-setticemia): the Altarpiece of the Nativity with Saints Lawrence and Francis of Assisi, there since 1609.
Despite the research, the picture is never found.
It was not even a difficult theft, because the thieves entered by a faulty door and took him with them the picture, inter alia large, without anyone hearing and seeing nothing.
But who has stolen Caravaggio, mostly, where have you been?
Most likely there is behind the sensational theft mafia, such as the recent testimonies of some repentant confirm.
Unfortunately, it is unknown whether the work has been sold, either destroyed or are, instead, somewhere.
You never find?
Hopes are weak, who knows… (Photo gives: it.wikipedia.org).


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Debt Collection, Garnishment, Repossession
Many local laws and courts have been affected by COVID-19. Please use the search for legal help tool to find a legal aid organization or self help center near you for accurate information and more support.
If you cannot afford the filing fee or other court costs, you may qualify to have these fees and costs waived by the court.
Read about where to file your lawsuit or case. Information on jurisdiction and venue.
Read about what you need to know about car repossession in California. This includes what repossession agents can and can't do, what type of notices you'll get, and what to do after a car repossession.
The National Consumer Law Center's Student Loan Borrower Assistance Project provides resources and information on all things student loans, including repayment options, loan forgiveness and cancellation, and bankruptcy.
If you or someone you know is in financial hot water, consider these options: self-help using realistic budgeting and other techniques; debt relief services, like credit counseling or debt settlement from a reputable organization; debt consolidation; or bankruptcy.
Your rights dealing with repossession agencies and their practices.
This section will give you general guidelines for how to best prepare yourself for court.
The Constitution; Executive and Administrative Laws; County, Appellate, Supreme Court, and Federal Districts; State Legislation; and Legal Guides.
This site will hand-pick videos based on your issue.
Whatever the reason, you have the right to represent yourself, to be your own lawyer in all cases in California.
Learn about civil cases that involve financial issues, including contract disputes, property damage, injury, unpaid debt, and bankruptcy.
Facing debt collection action? This system will creates several letters and basic court filings.
Types of property: community, separate, quasi-community, and mixed community.
Deciding whether to respond to the lawsuit; responding to the lawsuit; filing your papers in court; after you file your response; counter-suing the plaintiff; and steps in the court process.
The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA) prohibits debt collectors from using abusive, unfair, or deceptive practices to collect from you.
Options for resolving debts, before or after court involvement.
State offices, district attorneys (DA), and government regulators.
How to avoid a debt collection lawsuit and what the legal process is.
How debt collection works, regulations, common concerns addressed by the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA), and debts you do not recognize or remember.
You can also call at 877-FTC-HELP.
You have rights when it comes to practices of creditors and agents.
It takes a little patience and knowledge of the dispute settlement procedures provided by the Fair Credit Billing Act (FCBA).
What do I have to do to get the judge to keep creditors from obtaining the exempt funds in my bank account?
This guide offers suggestions to help you get results when you have a problem with the purchase of goods or services. It explains the proper way to make a complaint, and also discusses using government agencies, consumer groups, lawyers and small claims court. A sample complaint letter and a list of compliant-handling agencies are included.
Your home; adjusters and contractors; when picking a contractor; when you get your settlement; creditors, bills and budgeting; and watch out for fraud.
Most reputable credit counselors are non-profit and offer services at local offices, online, or on the phone.
What happens in the vehicle repossession process.
Wage garnishment occurs when an employer withholds the earnings of an individual for the payment of a debt as the result of a court order or other equitable procedure.
Up to 99% of domestic violence victims experience economic abuse during an abusive relationship, and finances are often cited as the biggest barrier to leaving an abusive relationship. This resource describes what economic abuse is and what to do about it.
If you have old debts, collectors may not be able to sue you to collect on them.
Need help with managing your debt? Take a look at a list of debtor education agencies in California.
Who is responsible? What are collectors allowed to do?


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Google's FS-VERITY File Authentication Called For Inclusion In Linux 5.4 Kernel
Linux kernel engineer Eric Biggers of Google has sent in a pull request adding FS-VERITY support to the Linux 5.4 but it remains to be seen if Linus Torvalds is content with pulling the code at this stage.
FS-VERITY is the code Google has been working on for a while now in the context of Android. The focus is on providing transparent integrity/authenticity support for read-only files on an otherwise writable file-system. See this presentation to learn more on this file-based authenticity protection.
FS-VERITY is brought to the kernel as a new framework akin to fscrypt for file-encryption. With the patches sought for inclusion in Linux 5.4, this support is wired through to the EXT4 and F2FS file-systems.
fs-verity is a filesystem feature that provides Merkle tree based hashing (similar to dm-verity) for individual readonly files, mainly for the purpose of efficient authenticity verification.
Compared to the original fs-verity patchset from last year, the UAPI to enable fs-verity on a file has been greatly simplified. Lots of other things were cleaned up too.
fs-verity is planned to be used by two different projects on Android; most of the userspace code is in place already. Another userspace tool ("fsverity-utils"), and xfstests, are also available. e2fsprogs and f2fs-tools already have fs-verity support. Other people have shown interest in using fs-verity too.
More details in the pending pull request.


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You can't beat a camping holiday in the South of France when you're looking for a break full of sea and sunshine! Whatever it is you're doing; from taking a dip in the warm, clear waters of the Mediterranean to sampling the world-famous culinary delights of Provence; from exploring the sun-kissed medieval architecture of Languedoc's historic cities to soaking in the glamour of the glitzy French Riviera, you'll soon find that the relaxed pace of life in the South rubs off on you. Siblu has a range of perfectly-located family-friendly holiday parks in the South of France.
Our Mar Estang holiday park has direct access to Canet beach, plus its own big pool complex if you want to stay closer to home. Les Sables du Midi has everything you need for a sun-soaked Med-coast holiday park in a lively seaside town. La Carabasse is one of the our most popular holiday parks in the South of France with a giant outdoor pool and outdoor entertainment stage. For beach and city, Le Lac des Rêves is perfectly located for exploring the Med coast and the fascinating city of Montpellier. Finally, Le Montourey is our holiday park on the Cote d'Azur, where guests can head down to the beach at Fréjus or mingle with the stars in Nice, Cannes and St Tropez.
Why Choose the South of France?
There's nowhere better for soaking up the sun on the beach.
Explore famous ancient cities like Carcassonne and Montpellier.
You can't beat the Côte d'Azur when it comes to style.
Cycle along the Canal du Midi or try horseriding in the Camargue
Where to find them: Siblu holiday parks in France
South of France Highlights
Travelling to the South of France from the UK in 2022
Holidaymakers from the UK can reach our parks in Languedoc thanks to a number of direct flights to airports in the region.
Direct flights run to Béziers airport from Bristol, Manchester, Edinburgh, Manchester, London Stansted and London Luton airports.
Direct flights run to Montpellier airport from London Gatwick and London Luton airports.
Direct flights run to Perpignan airport from London Stansted and Birmingham airports.
Direct flights run to Nice airport on a regular basis from a wide range of UK airports.
We are hopeful that next year travelling to France will be unaffected by Covid restrictions. We want your plans for your 2022 family camping holiday to be unhindered so you can enjoy time with the ones you love.
Distance/ approximate driving time from Montpellier airport
3 miles/ 10 mins drive
41 miles/ 45 mins drive
49 miles/ 52 mins drive
102 miles/ 1 hr 45 mins drive
Distance/ approximate driving time from Béziers airport
42 miles/ 1 hr 3 mins
4 miles/ 8 mins
9 miles/ 15 mins
68 miles/ 1 hr 13 mins
Distance/ approximate driving time from Perpignan airport
96 miles/ 2 hrs
70 miles/ 1 hr 10 min
60 miles/ 1 hr
13 miles/ 23 mins
Distance/ approximate driving time from Nice airport
35 miles/ 45 mins drive


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Major Capability Acquisition (MCA)
Activities Across Phases
Technical Reviews
Develop Strategies
Program Management
Cost Estimation/Affordability
Develop Requirements
Analysis of Alternatives
Study Contracts
Milestone A
Mature Requirements
Prototype Contracts
Develop Preliminary Design
CDD Validation
Dev RFP Release Decision
Milestone B
Development Contracts
Complete System Design
Develop System
Developmental Testing
Milestone C
Production Contracts
Low Rate Initial Production
Operational Testing
FRP Decision
Full Rate Production/Deployment
Sustainment Contracts
Sustain System
How to use this site
Each page in this pathway presents a wealth of curated knowledge from acquisition policies, guides, templates, training, reports, websites, case studies, and other resources. It also provides a framework for functional experts and practitioners across DoD to contribute to the collective knowledge base. This site aggregates official DoD policies, guides, references, and more.
DoD and Service policy is indicated by a BLUE vertical line.
Directly quoted material is preceeded with a link to the Reference Source.
Reference Source: CJCSI 5123.01H
JCIDS provides the baseline for documentation, review, and validation of capability requirements across the Department. Validated capability requirements documents facilitate DOTmLPF-P changes, guide the DAS, and inform PPBE processes.
Typical sources for entry into JCIDS for identifying requirements.
- Combatant Command (CCMD) in current operations. Most capabilities should be provided via a request for forces via GFM or from the assigned component commands. In cases where there are urgent requirements for capabilities which do not exist in the joint force, the CCMD may generate a JUON or, via a component command, a DoD component UON for review and validation. Urgent capability acquisition and procurement activities may follow if there are applicable solutions to the urgent capability requirements.
- CCMD in planning for future operations. Most capabilities should be provided via a request for forces via GFM or from the assigned component commands. In cases where there are anticipated emergent requirements for capabilities which do not exist in the joint force, the CCMD may generate a JEON or, via a component command, a DoD component UON for review and validation. Urgent capability acquisition and procurement activities may follow if there are applicable solutions to the emergent capability requirements.
- DoD Services and CCMDs conducting long term planning. Completing a CBA and generating an ICD is the normal starting point for long term planning. Following validation of the ICD, an AoA, or like study, will be
completed and consideration of materiel and non-materiel solutions may lead to acquisition and procurement activities on a timeline appropriate to the materiel need. However, a validated JUON, JEON, or DoD component UON may substitute for an ICD and the Course of Action analysis conducted by the component solution sponsors can meet the requirements for an AoA.
- Science and Technology (S&T) and Innovative Approaches. Once proven at the appropriate technology level an S&T effort, prototype, and/or other innovative approach must align with existing capability requirements or
be supported by an analysis that makes a defendable case for a new capability. In both cases, the technology developer is best served by partnering with one or more warfighter communities who are likely beneficiaries of the new technology, both to ensure robust warfighter inputs to the CBA and to have sponsorship for the follow-on capability requirements documents if the value case is positive.
DoD Process Interactions
Reference Source: CJCSI 5123.01H
The capability requirements portfolios managed under JCIDS inform and are informed by other processes and activities across the department as shown in Figure 3.
Of the interacting processes and activities, requirements (JCIDS),acquisition (DAS), and resources (PPBE) are the most tightly interactive and must work in concert to ensure consistent decision making while delivering timely and cost-effective capability solutions to the Warfighter. JCIDS is documented in this instruction and in reference y; DAS is documented in references hhh and iii; and PPBE is documented in references jjj and kkk. Together, the three processes provide a means to determine, validate, and prioritize capability requirements and associated capability gaps and risks, and then fund, develop, field, and sustain capability solutions for the Warfighter in a timely manner. In order to support robust decision-making and reduce the likelihood of conflicting recommendations, these three processes must also have consistent alignment with the other related processes shown in Figure 3.
JCIDS Interaction with DAS
Reference Source: CJCSI 5123.01H
USD(A&S) manages DAS as the primary process for transforming validated capability requirements into capability solutions.
Capability requirements documents provide the critical link between validated capability requirements and the acquisition of capability solutions through the five major DAS phases shown in Figure 4: Materiel
Solution Analysis (MSA), Technology Maturation and Risk Reduction (TMRR), Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD), Production and Deployment (P&D), and Operations and Support. Close collaboration between requirements and acquisition communities is a key aspect of ensuring that knowledge gained early in the acquisition process is leveraged to enable the setting of achievable risk informed capability requirements, and the making of effective cost, performance, schedule, and quantity trade-offs.
- In most cases, validated ICDs drive the early part of the acquisition process, which then informs updates to capability requirements documents related to materiel and non-materiel capability solutions to be pursued.
- The subsequent validated capability requirements documents then drive the development, procurement, and fielding of materiel and nonmateriel solutions that satisfy the validated capability requirements and close or mitigate associated capability gaps.
Capability Requirements
Reference Source: DAG CH 1-3.2.1 Capability Requirements
JCIDS plays a key role in identifying the capabilities needed by warfighters to support the National Security Strategy (NSS), the National Defense Strategy (NDS), and the National Military Strategy (NMS). Successful delivery of those capabilities relies on the JCIDS working in concert with the resourcing and acquisition decision support systems. JCIDS supports the Chairman and JROC in advising the Secretary of Defense (SECDEF) on identifying, assessing, and prioritizing joint military capability needs. JCIDS is a Joint Concepts-centric capabilities identification and requirements development process that enables joint forces to meet short-, mid-, and long-term future military challenges. The JCIDS process assesses existing and proposed capabilities in light of their contribution to future joint concepts and warfighting needs. The DoD created the JCIDS to support the statutory JROC responsibility of validating joint warfighting requirements.
The primary objective of the JCIDS process is to ensure the capabilities needed by joint warfighters to successfully execute their missions are consistent with their associated operational performance attributes. This is accomplished through an open process that provides the JROC with the information needed to make decisions on needed capabilities. The requirements development process then provides validated capability needs and associated performance attributes used by the materiel provider as the basis for acquiring the appropriate weapon systems. Additionally, the PPBE process informs the JCIDS with affordability information and goals through the Capabilities-Based Assessment (CBA), which identifies needed capabilities, capability gaps, and potential non-materiel (DOTmLPF-P) and materiel solution options.
JCIDS is reciprocal to the DoDD 5000.01 direction for early and continuous collaboration throughout the DoD. The system uses a capabilities-based approach that leverages the expertise of government agencies, industry, and academia by encouraging collaboration between operators and materiel providers early in the process. It is imperative that the Combat Developer and the Materiel Developer collaborate throughout the JCIDS process to ensure development of a requirement document that is stable, technologically feasible, and affordable. JCIDS defines interoperable, joint capabilities that should best meet future needs. The DoD acquisition community then delivers a technologically sound, sustainable, affordable "materiel solution" of militarily useful capability to the Joint warfighters.
The role of the JROC in requirements is described in CJCSI 5123.01. The JCIDS Manual (note: requires CAC access) provides the details necessary for identifying, describing, and justifying joint warfighting capabilities. The manual also includes the formats that describe the content required for each JCIDS document.
For Major Defense Acquisition Programs (MDAPs) subject to OSD oversight, the products of the JCIDS process directly support the Defense Acquisition Board (DAB) in advising the Milestone Decision Authority (MDA) for Acquisition Category (ACAT) ID programs. While the JCIDS process does not apply to all six acquisition pathways, the JROC seeks insight into all to ensure operation in the joint fight and support capability development, regardless of the MDA or DA.
Figure 3: JCIDS and Defense Acquisition
JCIDS uses a variety of approaches to determine capability requirements. The JCIDS Manual identifies some of these approaches, to include the conduct of a Capabilities-Based Assessment or other study. The key JCIDS intent is to identify the high-level operational capability requirements, establish quantifiable attributes and metrics, and articulate the traceability from those capability requirements to the tasks, conditions, standards, missions, threats, and overall strategic guidance.
JCIDS analysis compares capability requirements to current and programmed force capabilities to determine if there are any capability gaps that present an unacceptable level of risk and warrant development of capability solutions to mitigate or eliminate the gaps in capability. The DoD may then address these gaps using a combination of materiel and/or non-materiel solutions (non-materiel solutions would be changes to DOTmLPF-P).
The Initial Capabilities Document (ICD) documents the results JCIDS analysis (commonly a CBA or other study) that the appropriate authority validates prior to the Materiel Development Decision (MDD). The operational attributes identified in the ICD are mission, not system specific, and also inform the Analysis of Alternatives (AoA) conducted during the MSA phase. Refer to DoDI 5000.84 for more information on AoAs.
The results of the AoA then inform the development of a draft Capabilities Development Document (CDD) to support Milestone A and inform the RFP for the TMRR phase contract. This draft CDD contains performance attributes, to include KPPs, KSAs and APAs that reflect the capability requirements for the solution selected at Milestone A. Toward the end of the TMRR phase, the prototyping and other activities (to include an AoA update, when appropriate) provide information to update the draft CDD that ultimately results in a validated CDD prior to the Development RFP Release Decision. This validated CDD in-turn informs the RFP for the EMD phase. Also, the KPPs from this validated CDD are inserted verbatim into the APB approved by the MDA at Milestone B.
The validated CDD then drives EMD phase activities. After the system-level critical design review (CDR), this CDD is updated, which is then validated prior to Milestone C. For an incremental acquisition program, the CDD may contain performance attributes for more than one increment. CDD's may also contain annexes for variants of a base system, where the base CDD includes the common requirements and the variations of the Family of Systems (FoS) are contained in the annexes.
Fundamental to a successful program acquisition is the ability of the Requirements Manager (RM) to identify and clearly communicate warfighter capability needs and gaps and to team with the Materiel Developer on defining what is expected, both in terms of explicit and implicit requirements. Of significance when planning a program is realism in terms of understanding not only KPPs, KSAs, and APAs, but also those requirements resulting from sound engineering and manufacturing practice, with the ultimate goal of maturing and producing a design in the necessary quantities needed by the warfighter. This teaming arrangement also requires understanding further infrastructure requirements to utilize and sustain the new capability. Failure to recognize those latter imperatives leads to rework and cost/schedule growth.
Further information on CBA, as well as the nature and role of the Initial Capabilities Document (ICD) and the Capability Development Document (CDD) can be found in the JCIDS Manual.
Joint Requirements Oversight Council
10 USC 181 (para (b)), establishes JROC responsibilities. The Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff chairs the JROC and is also a member of the DAB. The Vice Chiefs of each military service are statutory members of the JROC. Also, unless directed by the JROC Chairman, the various Combatant Commanders (or Deputy Commanders) are highly encouraged to participate as appropriate when matters of that command will be under consideration by the JROC. For ACAT I programs, and other programs designated as high-interest, the Joint Requirements Oversight Council (JROC) reviews and validates all JCIDS documents under its purview. For Acquisition Category ID programs, the JROC also makes recommendations to the DAB, based on such reviews. For ACAT IB or IC level programs and all other ACAT II and III programs the Service's respective Army Requirements Oversight Council (AROC), Marine Corps Requirements Oversight Council (MROC), and Air Force Capability Development Council (AFCDC) address the capability gaps and validate the requirements documents. Other validation boards include US Special Operations Command Requirements Evaluation Board (SOCREB) and US Cyber Command Requirements Evaluation Board (CREB).
10 USC 181 (para (d)), mandates key stakeholder advisors from across the Department and inter-DoD Agencies, when appropriate, to shape decisions in support of the Joint warfighter. This same Act specifically designated the following officials of the DoD as civilian advisors to the JROC:
The Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition and Sustainment)
- The Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)
- The Under Secretary of Defense (Policy)
- The Director of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation
- The Director of Operational Test and Evaluation
Other civilian officials of the DoD may be designated by the SECDEF in accordance with the statute.
Requirements Management Process
Reference Source: DAG CH 3-4.1.4 Requirements Management Process
The Requirements Management process maintains a current and approved set of requirements over the entire acquisition life cycle. This helps ensure delivery of a capability that meets the intended mission performance, as stipulated by the operational user.
The end-user needs are usually identified in operational terms at the system level during implementation of the Stakeholder Requirements Definition and Requirements Analysis processes (see CH 3–4.2.1. Stakeholder Requirements Definition Process and CH 3-4.2.2. Requirements Analysis Process, respectively). Through the Requirements Management process, the Systems Engineer tracks requirement changes and maintains traceability of end-user needs to the system performance specification and, ultimately, the delivered capability. As the system design evolves to lower levels of detail, the Systems Engineer traces the high-level requirements down to the system elements through the lowest level of the design.
Requirements Management provides bottom-up traceability from any derived lower-level requirement up to the applicable source (system-level requirement) from which it originates. This bi-directional traceability is the key to effective management of system requirements. It enables the development of an analytical understanding of any system-wide effects of changes to requirements for a given system element, updating requirements documentation with rationale and impacts for approved changes. At the same time, bi-directional traceability ensures that approved changes do not create any "orphaned" lower-level requirements (i.e., that all bottom-up relationships to applicable system-level requirements remain valid after the change). Bi-directional traceability also ensures that higher-level requirements are properly flowed to lower-level requirements and system element designs so that there are no "childless parent" higher-level requirements (i.e., each high-level requirement is ultimately being addressed by lower-level requirements and system element designs).
Robust Requirements Management, implemented in synchronization with the program's Configuration Management process (see CH 3–4.1.6. Configuration Management Process), can help the program to avoid or mitigate unintended or unanticipated consequences of changes through rigorous documentation of the system performance specification. Thoughtful analysis and management of requirements can help lay the foundation for system affordability.
Activities and Products
The Program Manager (PM) should keep leadership and all stakeholders informed of cost, schedule and performance impacts associated with requirement changes and requirements growth.
The Systems Engineer establishes and maintains a Requirements Traceability Matrix (RTM), which captures all the requirements in the system performance specification, their decomposition/derivation and allocation history and rationale for all entries and changes. The requirements should be:
- Traceable to and from the stated end-user needs.
- Correctly allocated, with potential effects of proposed changes fully investigated, understood and communicated to the PM.
- Feasibly allocated,i.e., lower-level system elements cannot have the same or wider tolerance bands as those of the higher-level system elements into which they are incorporated.
All affected stakeholders and decision makers should fully understand the effects of proposed changes to requirements at the system or system element level before they accept any changes for incorporation into the design. The RTM provides significant benefits during trade-off analysis activities, since it captures the system-wide effects of proposed changes to established requirements.
Component Acquisition Executives (CAE) establish Configuration Steering Boards (CSB), following Capability Development Document (CDD) validation, for Acquisition Category (ACAT) I programs in development, production and sustainment. The CSB reviews all requirements changes and any significant technical configuration changes that have the potential to result in cost and schedule impacts to the program. In a continuous effort to reduce Total Ownership Cost (TOC), the PM, in consultation with the Program Executive Officer (PEO) and requirements sponsor, will identify and propose to the CSB recommended requirements changes, to include de-scoping options, that reduce the program cost and/or moderate requirements needed to respond to any threat developments. These recommended changes will be presented to the CSB with supporting rationale addressing operational implications.
CH 3–2.4. Tools, Techniques and Lessons Learned contains information about SE tools generally employed in the Requirements Management process. There are many commercial software packages specifically designed for the traceability aspect of Requirements Management, from top-level operational requirements down to the lowest-level system elements in the Work Breakdown Structure.
Stakeholder Requirements Definition
Reference Source: DAG CH 3-4.2.1 Stakeholder Requirements Definition Process
The Stakeholder Requirements Definition process translates stakeholder capability needs into a set of technical requirements. The process helps ensure each individual stakeholder's requirements, expectations and perceived constraints are understood from the acquisition perspective. Failing to perform an exhaustive Stakeholder Requirements Definition process could result in significant requirements creep, rework due to misunderstanding of end-user needs, unexpected contract modifications, cost growth and schedule slip. The objective of this process is to help ensure that stakeholder requirements are feasible, balanced and fully integrated as more information is learned through requirements analysis.
Stakeholder Requirements Definition bridges the gap between the identification of a materiel need, described in the Joint Capabilities Integration and Development System (JCIDS) CJCSI 3170.01, and the acquisition of a materiel solution, governed by the Defense Acquisition System, i.e., DoDD 5000.01. Defense Business Systems (DBS) do not employ JCIDS procedures for the development and validation of capability requirements documents (See DoDI 5000.75).
The Stakeholder Requirements Definition process complements Requirements Analysis and Architecture Design (see CH 3–4.2.2. Requirements Analysis Process and CH 3–4.2.3. Architecture Design Process, respectively). These three processes are recursively applied at each level of the system's specifications and then iteratively within each level throughout development.
The DoD Architecture Framework (DoDAF) provides an approach for DoD architecture development, presentation and integration for both warfighting operations and business operations and processes. For the Net Ready Key Performance Parameter (NR-KPP), the JCIDS manual specifies the data needed to elaborate, communicate, verify and validate a system's interoperability requirements and design. System architectural descriptions contain three primary viewpoints: Capability, Operational, and Systems. In the case of the NR-KPP, these viewpoints contain essential architecture data that describe a system's interoperability requirements and design from multiple perspectives. DoDAF provides a standardized approach for capturing and presenting this architectural data. This standardization facilitates improved communication and sharing of technical information among various stakeholders and across organizational boundaries.
The Program Manager (PM) and Systems Engineer are responsible for supporting the Stakeholder Requirements Definition process and should work with the end user to establish and refine operational needs, attributes, performance parameters and constraints documented in JCIDS documents.
Stakeholder Requirements Definition activities are performed throughout the acquisition life cycle and include the following activities:
- Elicit stakeholder capability objectives
- Identify stakeholders who have an interest in the system and maintain relationships with the stakeholders and their organizations throughout the system's entire life cycle.
- Elicit capability objectives from the stakeholders about what the system will accomplish and how well.
- Define stakeholder requirements
- Define the perceived constraints on a system solution.
- Define the relevant environment (including threat target and critical intelligence parameters per JCIDS Manual Page B-28) and support scenarios that can be used to analyze the operation of the system.
- Define potential requirements that may not have been formally specified by any of the stakeholders.
- Analyze and maintain stakeholder requirements
- Analyze requirements for specificity, completeness, consistency, measurability, testability and feasibility.
- Negotiate modifications with stakeholders to resolve requirement discrepancies.
- Validate, record and maintain stakeholder requirements throughout the system life cycle.
- Support the Requirements Analysis process to establish and maintain a traceability matrix to document how the system requirements are intended to meet the stakeholder objectives and achieve stakeholder agreements.
The authoritative source for stakeholder requirements are documents produced via the JCIDS such as the Initial Capabilities Document (ICD), Capability Development Document (CDD), and the Capability Production Document (CPD). JCIDS analyzes gaps in existing and/or future warfighting operations and provides a process that allows the Joint Requirements Oversight Council to balance joint equities and make informed decisions on validation and prioritization of capability needs. In preparation for, and presentation at the CDD Validation or Requirements Decision Point, the PM is required to conduct a systems engineering trade-off analysis showing how cost varies as a function of the major design parameters. (Also, see CH 3–4.3.2. Affordability – Systems Engineering Trade-Off Analyses.)
Requirements Analysis
Reference Source: DAG CH 3-4.2.2 Requirements Analysis Process
The Requirements Analysis process results in the decomposition of end-user needs (usually identified in operational terms at the system level during implementation of the Stakeholder Requirements Definition process; see CH 3–4.2.1. Stakeholder Requirements Definition Process) into clear, achievable and verifiable requirements. As the system design evolves, Requirements Analysis activities support allocation and derivation of requirements down to the system elements representing the lowest level of the design. The allocated requirements form the basis of contracting language and the system performance specification. The resultant system requirements are addressed at technical reviews and audits throughout the acquisition life cycle and captured in applicable program and systems engineering (SE) technical documentation.
The Requirements Analysis process objectives include:
- Linking the needs of the end users to the system, system elements and enabling system elements to be designed and developed.
- Defining a system that meets end-users' operational mission requirements within specified cost and schedule constraints.
- Providing insight into the interactions among various functions to achieve a set of balanced requirements based on user objectives.
The Requirements Analysis process provides:
- Translation of end-user needs (usually stated in operational terms) to unambiguous, verifiable and feasible system performance specification requirements.
- Incorporation of design considerations, including statutory and regulatory constraints (see CH 3–4.3. Design Considerations).
- Allocation of requirements from the system-level specification to the lowest-level system elements and enabling system elements.
- Rationale for specification requirements and their decomposition/allocation.
- A mechanism to support trade-off analyses between related requirements to provide maximized mission assurance within cost and schedule constraints.
- A framework for accurate assessment of system performance throughout the life cycle.
The process of defining, deriving and refining requirements proceeds as follows:
- Analyze user requirements.
- Translate end-user needs into basic functions.
- Develop a quantifiable set of performance requirements by defining the functional boundaries of the system in terms of the behavior and properties to be provided.
- Define each function that the system is required to perform.
- Define implementation constraints (stakeholder requirements or solution limitations).
- Translate performance requirements into specific system technical design requirements and functions.
The Requirements Analysis process is an iterative activity whereby system requirements are identified, refined, analyzed and traded to remove deficiencies and minimize the impacts of potential cost drivers to establish an agreed-to set of requirements coordinated with the appropriate stakeholders. Poorly written requirements can lead to significant problems in the areas of schedule, cost or performance, and can thus increase program risk. A well-crafted set of functional/performance requirements can then be translated into design requirements for the total system over its life cycle and can allow stakeholders to assess system performance during execution of the Verification and Validation processes (see CH 3–4.2.6. Verification Process and CH 3–4.2.7. Validation Process, respectively). Good requirements have the following attributes:
- Necessary
- Unique
- Unambiguous — clear and concise
- Complete
- Consistent
- Technically feasible/achievable/obtainable
- Traceable
- Measurable/quantifiable
- Verifiable (e.g., Testable)
- Able to be validated
- Operationally effective
- Singular
The Requirements Analysis process ensures that requirements derived from user-specified capability needs are analyzed, decomposed, and functionally detailed across the system design. Early development and definition of requirements using the attributes listed above reduces development time, enables achievement of cost and schedule objectives and increases the quality of the final system. Requirements Analysis encompasses the definition and refinement of the system, system elements, enabling system elements and associated functional and performance requirements. The development of the functional baseline is largely a product of the Requirements Analysis process. All requirements are placed under configuration control, tracked and managed as described in the Requirements Management process and Configuration Management process (see CH 3–4.1.4. Requirements Management Process and CH 3–4.1.6. Configuration Management Process, respectively).
Sustainment Considerations
Reference Source: DAG CH 4-184.108.40.206.4 Other Metrics and Attributes
The draft CDD ensures the other sustainment-critical metrics enable the mandatory Sustainment KPPs and KSAs.
Reference Source: DAG CH 4-188.8.131.52.5 Affordability
If the O&S Cost KSA exceeds the O&S Cost affordability constraint, the program's early development starts in an O&S Cost deficit. The PM uses this information to identify resource shortfalls and to align resource demand and logistics attributes. See Section 126.96.36.199.2 for more on O&S affordability.
At the Milestone A decision point, the DoD Component presents an affordability analysis and proposed affordability goals based on resources the resource sponsor projects to be available in the portfolio(s) of the program under consideration. From this analysis, the PM, with the resource sponsor, determines an affordability metric for these goals to be used throughout the program life. The PM tailors the O&S Cost metric to the type of program. Average annual O&S Cost per unit is the most common metric. Information systems programs with no production quantities frequently use average annual total O&S Cost over the first 10 years of fielding. Missile programs often use average annual O&S Cost per year, since most of the support costs on that type of system are not unit specific. The PM also ensures that the metric definition is clear about what it includes (i.e., the metric specifically identifies which CAPE O&S Cost Elements are included and whether or not disposal costs are included).
Reference Source: DAG CH 4-188.8.131.52 Capability Development Document
Capability Development Document
Required capabilities are refined in the TMRR phase. The sustainment strategy builds on the capability gaps and requirements highlighted in the MSA Phase and documents them as requirements in the validated Capability Development Document (CDD). The PSM partners with the systems engineer to refine the threshold and objective range value for each sustainment metric. Studies, trades, data models, and analyses executed in TMRR identify the technical capabilities, risks, and limitations of the alternative sustainment strategies and design alternatives. These results influence the final values assigned in the CDD, confirming or refining those identified in the draft CDD. Feedback from TMRR phase testing and modeling improves the realism, affordability, and testability of sustainment metrics.
The sustainment metrics identified in the CDD flow into the system specification and subsequent contract RFP. The specific values for Sustainment KPPs and KSAs in the CDD require vetting by Service and Office of the Secretary of Defense testing agencies. The PM should be aware if developmental testing, reliability modeling, or technology improvement efforts show outcomes not supporting requirements from the draft CDD. The approved CDD should reflect results from TMRR events to avoid unachievable or unaffordable capabilities. The CDD is the last opportunity to influence sustainment requirements without significant cost, schedule, or performance impacts later in program development. See CJCSI 3170.01I JCIDS Manual, Encl. D – Pages D-47-62 for additional information on the CDD.


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text:
Implant Dentistry Las Vegas
I emailed Carlos (office manager) right after the last entry (Monday) with the questions I had about the issues. He promptly responded saying Dr Golpa would call me Tuesday to follow up on those issues and he inquired as to the aesthetic look of the center line which is now fine. I guess the office is still busy as I have not heard back from anyone as of yet. I am hoping I will before the weekend. Partially because that pinching I felt (Nov 14th post) seems to be getting worse and I am now feeling an occasional dull pain on the opposite side of the same prosthesis. I hope this is not having any impact on the actual implants.
My email to Carlos had the following questions:
How come the perms were so different than the temps ?
Also can you tell Jose and/or Cat in the lab that part of my temps have a seamless transition into my gums, perfect, and that is how I would like all the perms to be, the wider areas of the prosthesis are awkward and uncomfortable.
Also I'm not sure but I do not think a new impression of my lower gum was done. Couldn't that cause an issue with fit as well ?
And after adjustments and trimming are done, the prosthesis is rough, is it polished smooth before the final attachment ?
My wife said you had 4 surgeries that day, shouldn't I schedule a day that is not so busy ?
And any other thoughts or advice you might have are appreciated.
And as an afterthought I will also ask (which is a big concern for me) Why both visits to the office did we have so much difficulty screwing in the prosthesis to the implants ?
I worry about the alignment of the hardware putting stress on the prosthesis, implants and my jaw(month 5 update).
In Carlos' email he said "You can rest assured that we will correct all issues prior to delivery."
I guess I can live with the difficult implementation and extra trips as long as the outcome is worth it.