Electrical characteristics of parallel‐plate rf discharges were measured with the goal of obtaining quantitative information of the properties of the discharges, in particular the electrode sheaths. Measurements of the impedance characteristics at variable electrode spacing suggest a transition of the power deposition process from volume to electrode dominated at about 1 Torr in argon. By changing the secondary electrode emission coefficient of the electrodes, it could be shown that the power into electrons emitted from the electrodes is small compared to the total power input. Adding the attachers CF4, C2F6, and SF6 caused a large increase of the discharge impedance in the high‐pressure (volume power deposition) regime and shifted the transition to the electrode‐dominated power deposition regime to lower pressures. The impedance behavior versus pressure was modeled with a simple equivalent electrical circuit from which the characteristics of the electrode sheaths and their influence on the electrical cha...


Adaptation to new environments can be impeded if beneficial phenotype combinations cannot coexist due to genetic constraints. To understand how such constraints may hinder plant adaptation to future climates, we compiled a comprehensive database of traits of Arabidopsis thaliana and estimated phenotypic natural selection in common gardens in its native distribution with rainfall limitation treatments. We found a natural selection conflict in drought environments as two drought-adaptive strategies, escape and avoidance, are mutually exclusive in A. thaliana. Traits underlying such strategies, such as flowering time, growth rate, and water use efficiency, are genetically correlated, and we identify novel loci involved in such correlation experiencing antagonistic natural selection. This empirical evidence shows that these adaptive strategies in natural populations are mutually exclusive due to strong genetic correlations amongst traits that limit the possible combinations of phenotypes. Given projections that future climates will become hotter and drier in many temperate regions, we expect an increasing conflict in natural selection among adaptive traits that could slow down or prevent adaptation. Our study underscores the importance of accounting for evolutionary genetic constraints when predicting how species may respond to a changing climate.


Incident light to a reflection type color projector to improve the structure of the branch by using a single-panel color reflective display device to increase the brightness of light cast on the screen are disclosed. The disclosed apparatus includes a light source for generating and irradiating light; And splitting the incident light from the light source into first, second and third color light, a dichromatic mirror unit for the first branch to the optical axis of the third color lights to proceed at different angles and; The dichroic mirror is branched from the unit is incident to the first to the third-color transmission or reflection in accordance with the polarization components a polarization beam splitter that converts the light traveling path; The microlens array of the incident via the polarization beam splitter of the first to third color lights focused by each of each unit pixel and; Generating a color image from the first through third color lights focused at the microlens array and the reflection type display device for reflecting toward the polarization beam splitter; A projection lens unit for enlarging and projecting a color image incident via the polarizing beam splitter; It characterized in that it comprises.


This report describes the upgrade of the header for ZeVis, which is the new event display for the ZEUS experiment at HERA. The work was done during the DESY Summer Student Programme 2002.


Based on the study of the combination of information technology and Chinese teaching,this thesis puts forward the thematic classroom-teaching mode and expatiate the construction concept,operational procedure and applicable principle of this mode in the process of teaching reform.


The rapid advancements made in the field of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics triggered by the creation of large human genetic and epigenetic international projects, the formation of international consortia, and the identification of novel biomarkers of drug response were recently discussed in the VII Spanish Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics Society (SEFF) Conference. Biannually, the SEFF organizes a conference where experts meet to present and discuss the latest developments in the field. This year, the seventh conference of the society was held on April 20–21, 2015, in Madrid, at the Spanish National Cancer Research Centre and was organized by Luis Lopez-Fernandez, Anna GonzalezNeira, and Cristina Rodríguez-Antona, with the help of a scientific board of well-known national experts in pharmacogenetics. This year, the conference was divided into four symposia where new advances in personalized medicine and work strategies were presented: (1) human genetics: international projects and new technologies; (2) new advances in pharmacogenetics: consortia and novel working strategies; (3) the pharmacogenetics as a tool in cancer treatment; and (4) implementation of pharmacogenetics in the clinic. Within this framework, more than 110 experts discussed the state of the art and the new challenges ahead in these fields of knowledge, 21 invited lectures were presented by speakers belonging to different Spanish institutions, two plenary lectures were given by internationally renowned experts in the field, and 10 short oral presentations and 25 posters were presented. This year, the keynote presentations by internationally renowned experts in pharmacogenetics included the intervention of Munir Pirmohamed, from the Institute of Translational Medicine (Liverpool, UK), and Howard McLeod, from the Moffitt Cancer Center (Tampa, FL, USA). The SEFF Conference provides a fruitful meeting place where synergistic interactions are established. The VII SEFF Conference has served as the basis for four mini-reviews published in this issue of Drug Metabolism and Personalized Therapy discussing different topics described below. Recently, a very impressive achievement has been made regarding the availability of whole exomes and genomes, which are contributing to a much better understanding of human genetic variation and to the identification of variants associated with human diseases and complex phenotypes (including drug response). In this regard, the critical step has been the development of massively parallel sequencing technologies, which allow sequencing of an entire genome in less than a day in a cost-effective manner. This nextgeneration sequencing (NGS) technologies are the basis for international projects such as the 1000 Genomes Project [1] and the Genotype-Tissue Expression project [2]. NGS technologies have also contributed to the rapid increase of epigenetic studies, adding one more layer to the genetic information [3]. The field in which pharmacogenomics is probably having the most prominent role is oncology. Here, the lack of efficacy and the toxicity of the therapeutic agents are among the major obstacles for improving survival and quality of life of cancer patients. These problems are critical because most anticancer drugs are only effective in a minority of patients and the narrow therapeutic indexes of these drugs frequently lead to severe toxicities or even death [4]. In this context, defining therapy decisions tailored individually to patients sharing molecular characteristics can improve therapeutic response and minimize adverse effects. The Cancer Genome Atlas is


AbstractPulmonary alveolar macrophages are the cell type predominately responsible for physical clearance of inhaled particles from the alveoli. However inhalation of large numbers of particles or chronic exposures induce inflammation, characterized by an accumulation of neutrophils in the lung. Because of their phagocytic capabilities, neutrophils could also be important in clearing particles from the lung. This study was designed to compare the roles of macrophages and neutrophils in the clearance of particles up the' mucociliary escalator from sites of inflammation in the lung. Lung lobes of three beagle dogs were instilled with 3.9– or 0.9–μm fluorescent polystyrene microspheres. The trachea of each dog was lavaged at 2 h, and again at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 35, and 49 days after instillation, and the numbers of free and cell-associated particles were determined. At 2 h, only about 12% of the microspheres in lavage fluid were associated with phagocytes. By 1 day after instillation, and for the remainder of ...


Background: In treating colorectal cancer, surgical techniques and adjuvant treatments have advanced over the past century, but relatively less attention has been given to improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Recent studies report a significant association between cancer recurrence and patient lifestyle after surgery, hence emphasizing the need to assist patients to reduce this risk through appropriate lifestyle choices. The proposed study will evaluate the effects of digital interventions on lifestyle after surgery for colorectal cancer using mobile applications. Methods: A randomized controlled trial design was proposed. A total of 320 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer aged between 20 and 70 years were to be enrolled and randomized in equal numbers into 4 groups (3 groups assigned to different mobile applications and a control group). Surveys that evaluate HRQOL, physical measurements, and metabolic parameters (fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1C, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and fat/muscle mass measurements by abdominal computed tomography (CT), will be conducted prior to surgery and every 6 months post-surgery for 18 months. Statistical analysis will be used to compare the outcomes between groups. Discussion: Results from this study could provide evidence that easily accessible mobile applications can influence patient lifestyles. Results showing minimal effects of such applications could also be constructive for improving healthcare-related applications.


Art museums could be a public field to reproduce social orders by the exhibition curating mechanism. Visitors could face artwork directly, enjoy it, and then shape their own personal museum experience. Sometimes through an exhibition docent, the distant might be broken away between museum artwork and visitors. Combining gender issues with exhibition themes, it began at the women's right movement in Western art history of 1970s, and carried out a diverse and divergent thinking and exhibition curating consciousness about gender issues as a subject. Art museums, as a field of informal learning, are there any exhibition trying to include (intentionally or unintentionally) gender issues recently in Taiwan? Is there any good practice? Can visitors appreciate and reflect "their own gender experience" from "watching those sex images on artwork," and then corresponded with exhibition theme at the same time? Based on the above questions, this paper first introduced the four exhibitions included gender issues in Taiwan, and interviewed the exhibition teams to clarify their curating consciousness and strategies, and then compared with visitor feedbacks and their experience. Based on the idea "re-conceptualization" from multi-culture education, the conclusion was to discuss the possibilities of art museum as the agency of fulfilling gender equality education and how to develop exhibition curating strategies and programs.


Celiac disease (CD) is a genetically conditioned autoimmune process that appears in susceptible people. It can affect people of any age, and slightly predominates in females. It has a fairly homogenous global distribution, with an average prevalence of 1-2%, the frequency having increased in recent decades. The only effective treatment is a strict and permanent gluten-free diet (GFD), although the level of compliance with it is poor, at about 50% of cases. To monitor the effectiveness of the GFD, several procedures involving various approaches are employed: a) periodic interviews by nutritionists; b) clinical follow-up; c) serological controls of specific antibodies; d) endoscopies with collection of duodenal biopsies; e) structured questionnaires; f) determination of gluten peptides derived from gluten in feces and/or urine. All of these procedures are useful when applied, alone or in combination, depending on the cases. Some patients will only need to consult to their doctors, while others will require a multidisciplinary approach to assess their compliance with the GFD. In children, normalization of duodenal mucosa was achieved in 95% of cases within 2 years, while it is more delayed in adults, whose mucosa take longer to heal completely.


Based on the Kennaugh-Huynen decomposition, the Target Scattering Vector Model (TSVM) allows to extract four roll-invariant parameters. Those parameters are necessary for an unambiguous description of the target scattering mechanism. The proposed method consists in applying the TSVM prior to the GLRT-LQ detector for the detection of any oriented target.


1st. Prize WON (L.M. & s. Railway) by EDGE HILL SILVER PRIZE BAND (Conductor : J. A . Greenwood) COMPl..ET E HAWKES S ET 22 Competing Bands IT'S TI-JE HAWKES TONE EXCELSIOR SONOROUS� THE PATHWAY TO SUCCESS 1 HAWKES �."?,,�� l.�-·�=--·� ----�H�e�a�d�O�fft--o_e ___ & __ s __ h_o_�_r _o_o _rn __ s_, __ o_E __ N_M __ A_N __ s __ T_R _E_E __ T_, __ P_I c __ c_ A_ o __ •L_L_v __ _ c_• _R _c_u __ s_, __ L_o_N_ o __ o_N __ ,_vv __ .1_. _______________ , i A Boon to the Trombone Player and his Neighbour! I The Besson "Mutro" Trombone Mota :1 AT LA.STI THE PERFECT MUTE and the LIGHTEST. I It weighs only two ounces. I Price 12/6 Net; packing and postage 9d. I Sent "on approval " against remittance 13/l I Mr. Halliwell, tte great Contest Band Trainer, writes : ' "The ' llfutro' is all you claim for it." i ! BESSON & CO., LIMITED, j 188·198, Euaton Rd., LONDON, N.W. 1 \ JOHN PARTINGTON I BAND TEACHER A�D ADJUDICATOR. 22, AIREDALE AVENUE, BLACKPOOL.


A topology leveraging a photodetector in the forward bias region generating an open-circuit voltage is proposed. Connecting the anode of the photodetector to the gate of a MOSFET device operating in the subthreshold region provides the basis for a new open-circuit voltage pixel (VocP). Theoretical analysis outlining the effective photodetector response and performance benefits is described. An integrated circuit (IC) with direct-injection pixels modified to support the VocP front-end and analog output readout fabricated in a CMOS 0.18 μm technology is also presented. The IC allows testing of mid-wave infrared (IR) photodiodes operating in both the photocurrent and VocP modes. The VocP pixel is compared to a traditional reverse bias current mode photodetector configuration. Simulation, modeling, and measurement show improved sensitivity and faster response time for the VocP over direct photocurrent detection.


The fortress of white Afrikaner rugby, Loftus stadium has been perceived as a racist enclosure by many black South Africans. Very few dark-skinned rugby fans dared to watch rugby matches at this stadium. ''At your own risk!'' thought many. It was not until the soccer World Cup that this legacy came to be challenged. Loftus was booked for soccer World Cup matches and all rugby matches scheduled for Loftus were transferred to Orlando Stadium in Soweto. The decision was met with a great deal of concern and anxiety from both sides but mainly from the Loftus community: ''It will be a disaster! No one will go to Soweto!''; ''But Blacks do not watch rugby!''; ''Who will stand the noise of the vuvuzelas?''; ''Who is going to control the hijackers?''; and so forth! But one sign stood firm on the road to Soweto: ''Soweto welcomes all rugby fans!'' Surprisingly, the Tri-Nations rugby match at Orlando Stadium—the first in this stadium—turned out to be the most celebrated one in the whole history of South African rugby. It has changed notions of what it means to be a rugby fan. It has changed attitudes of white and black rugby fans towards each other. Today, increasing numbers of blacks and whites watch rugby together, wherever it is played. What lessons could be drawn from this ''experience'' that could be applied to the classroom? White rugby fans who had made it a ''habit'' to read the experience of blacks in Soweto through the lens of apartheid stereotypes, symbols, and beliefs—the only knowledge that they could draw on (labeled bitter knowledge by Jansen 2009)—found it difficult if not impossible to attach new meaning to that experience, regardless of the criticism from the media or even the literature (scientific or non-scientific) they had read. For them there was no other interpretation beyond the ''bitter knowledge'' they carried with them. For Plato (1970), bitter knowledge would be ''shadows cast on the wall'' that prevent whites from knowing the truth about others. Applying Plato's allegory of the cave to bitter knowledge that whites carry: Whites could be perceived as immobilized prisoners (in the The Review of Education, Pedagogy, and Cultural Studies, 34:227–244, 2012 Copyright # Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 1071-4413 print=1556-3022 online DOI: 10.1080/10714413.2012.735558


The Problem. Recently, human resource development (HRD) scholars and practitioners have reported the usefulness and effectiveness of an HRD framework to address emerging problems and issues to bring about meaningful and lasting change for the public good at multiple levels. However, basic expectations inherent in traditional HRD theory and practice that pursue organizational interests often do not fit numerous projects and programs designed for community development, nation building, or international development. The Solution. To understand the use of HRD for the purpose of societal development (SD), this article presents typical contextual characteristics of HRD in a community, a nation, and the world, along with the key change agents, such as governments, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and international agencies. The Stakeholders. This article is addressed to the many HRD practitioners who work for SD without broader scope of theoretical background by providing principles, concepts, and methods that are currently used or have potential for advancing the practice.


The influence of the adsorption of spirit molecules on the sensitivity response of a silicon sensor with integrated channels has been analyzed. A prototype of a portable system for detecting the content of phenolic compounds in spirit solutions by the means of semiconductor sensors and microcontrollers has been developed. It has been shown that additional low-cost resistive semiconductor sensors can be integrated into an automated monitoring system for control the quality of spirit beverages to increase the precision of the recognition accuracy. Measurements were made on 3-12 years old cognacs of Ukrainian production. The concentration of vanillin and syringaldehyde was determined. It has been shown that the examined analytes produce unique sensor responses for each channel. The multichannel sensor system has been calibrated by the means of chromatography. The results were obtained from the sensors compared to the chromatographic analysis data. The application of a multi-channel photovoltaic functional transducer semiconductor sensor for discrimination of cognac aroma has been discussed in detail. A comparative study of the functioning of the sensor system different varieties of cognacs has been performed. These results can be extended to the identification of other spirits (brandy, whiskey, rum, vodka) and wine.


Objective The purpose is to study the feasibility of using the average result of serum specimen of a"normal person" to control the clinical chemistry examining system.Methods The method was to use the examination system to measure some items of a "normal person",and then compared the add-right result with the middle result within the normal reference range of national clinic measure rules in the same method measurement of that item.Results If the errors was not larger than 1/2TEa,it was applicable.Otherwise,it was not.Then you needed to adjust the instrument parameter,or replace the reagent,or replace the standards.Conclusion The conclusion is that the application of using the average result of serum specimen of a "nomal person" to control the clinical chemistry examining system is economical and practical.


When providing the prehospital aid the most important factor is time. The more time expires from the moment of receiving injury until delivery to a hospital, the worse forecast becomes for a victim. Mortality grows geometrically. So, for example, in cases of transport injuries if medical care was provided within 30 minutes – 1 hour, then mortality among injured did not exceed 30%. If this time increases, then the mortality reaches 60-80%, and growth in a geometrical progression takes place. In general, it becomes clear that even two injured from three ones who died in city streets, could be saved if they received the help in due time [2].
Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine registered in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine the project of the Law of Ukraine about full general secondary education dated April 5, 2019 № 10204.
This project of the Law provides that all teachers will take courses on the prehospital help. It has to reduce the quantity of death of children during lessons.
Protection of children's health is one of the mandatory functions of the educational organization. If it is necessary, the first aid at school is to be given to the child both professionally and in time.
Teachers, studying a profession in higher education institution, have to be trained on providing the prehospital help. There is nothing more important, than rendering the prehospital help to the child during the first minutes after a trauma or in the event of a symptom hazardous to health, for example, epilepsy [3].
The purpose of the article is to highlight the importance of teaching teachers and students the skills of rendering the prehospital help.
According to the Law of Ukraine "About the Emergency Medical Care", persons who have no medical education, but according to their the official duties they have to provide the first aid and to manage main practical skills on rescue and preservation a human life for those who require that, have to be the first who study the prehospital help [4].
And based on the project of the Law of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine mentioned above teachers can also be referred to the category of persons who have no medical education and are obliged to provide the prehospital help though it is not included into their official duties.
Except the planned training of the teachers of the prehospital help, to our opinion, there should be also started a training of pupils on the program of the first level [5] which first of all provides obtaining practical skills of rendering the prehospital help to the injured at cardiac arrest and breath before arrival of the emergency medical care.
The training program "Protection of the Fatherland" for pupils of 10-11 classes is introducted for gradual increasing of the number of the citizens in the system of secondary education, who manage the skills of the prehospital help [7]. Such a program, in the question of pre-hospital help, combines teaching theoretical knowledge with a practical training with use of dummies and other other visual materials.
Every year All-Ukrainian gathering and competition of young rescuers "School of Safety" is also provided where the pupils, who are 12 years old and older show their abilities on providing the pre-hospital help to the injured.
The last two years we had an opportunity to compare theoretical knowledge and practical skills of the prehospital help of pupils who finished the 11th class and studied according to the program "Protection of the Fatherland" and pupils of the 8-9 classes who were trained by the "School of Safety".
It turned out to be that the pupils of 8-9 classes, in the majority, prevail on the level of knowledge of the prehospital help the graduates of high school.
In our opinion, it is expedient to develop and implement at secondary school the program of training of rendering help to injured who are in emergency, for pupils, starting from the fifth class.
Anybody, irrespective of a profession, is able to be trained and to manage the skills of the prehospital aid. The trauma or accident can happen at any time. Not only success of further treatment, but sometimes human life depends on prehospital help provided timely and correctly. In certain cases the victim has to render prehospital help to himself - to stop bleeding, to put the bandage etc.
That all is not difficult, but it is necessary to take the corresponding training for mastering skills of rendering the prehospital help.
In our opinion, in modern conditions it is compulsory to:
introduce the permanent prehospital help training for tutors and nurses of preschool institutions;
introduce the permanent prehospital help training in schools for children, starting from the age 12 years old and older.


(1) This report describes a revision of the model used in feRP Publication 30 (ICRP, 1979) to calculate radiation doses to the respiratory tract of workers resulting from the intake of airborne radionuclides. This revision was motivated by the availability of increased knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory tract and of the deposition, clearance, and biological effects of inhaled radioactive particles, and by greatly expanded dosimetry requirements. To meet fully the needs of radiation protection, a dosimetric model for the respiratory tract should: • provide calculations of doses for individual members of the populations of all ethnic groups, in addition to workers; • be useful for predictive and assessment purposes as well as for deriving limits on intakes; • account for the influence of smoking, air pollutants, and respiratory tract diseases; • provide for estimates of respiratory tract tissue doses from bioassay data; and • be equally applicable to radioactive gases as well as to particles. (2) In addition, large differences in radiation sensitivity among the respiratory tract tissues and the doses they receive from inhaled radionuclides argue for calculating radiation doses to specific tissues of the respiratory tract. (The current model leads to calculation of doses averaged over the total mass of blood-filled lungs.) To use these tissue doses effectively for radiation protection purposes, they must be compatible with the ICRP dosimetric system (ICRP, 1991a). (3) Addressing all of these requirements has resulted in a dosimetry model that is more complex than previous models. This complexity is reflected in the structure of this report, which includes chapters on respiratory tract morphometry, physiology, and radiation biology or health detriment. Other chapters deal with the deposition and clearance of inhaled radioactive particles, inhalation of radioactive gases, and application of the model to estimate respiratory tract doses. The model provides most of the flexibility needed to calculate doses to the respiratory tract for a wide range of exposure conditions and for specific individuals. This flexibility also allows for revision of reference parameter values as new information becomes available without changing the model. The wide availability of personal computers allows for the easy use of the model.


Low-power SRAM architectures are especially sensitive to many types of defects that may occur during manufacturing. Among these, resistive defects can appear. This paper analyzes some types of such defects that may impair the device functionalities in subtle ways, depending on the defect characteristics, and that may not be directly or easily detectable by traditional test methods, such as March algorithms. We analyze different methods to test such defects and discuss them in terms of complexity and test time.


The study investigated gender difference in Mathematics. 220 SS III students from four mixed schools in Akure North Local Government Area of Ondo State were selected based on stratified random sampling technique. The instrument for collecting data was a 40-item multiple choice Mathematics Achievement Test drawn from the concept of number and numeration, and validated by the researcher. The internal consistency of the instrument was estimated at 0.65 using KR 21 and administered using research assistants. Data were analysed using means, standard deviations and test, tested at 0.05 level of significance. Results showed no gender difference in Mathematics performance both in the urban and rural areas though performances of males and females in the rural areas were below average. It was recommended that Mathematics teachers should regularly test students on the various mathematical concepts and feedback provided to prepare them for credible performance in Mathematics at internal and existence examinations.


System effectiveness in crude oil processing industries can be constrained by operational efficiency of the constitutive units. Thus ascertaining availability status of all system units can provide decision makers with an effective means of improving the technical performance of complex processing systems. Most of the works found in literatures focused on either models specifically for estimation of interval, instantaneous or stationary availability with specific repair distributions or models with mathematical complexities whose underlying assumptions impose ample application constraints to industries. This paper proposes a proof of concept compact generalized model for determination of availability of complex processing industries. The approach is clearly presented as an off-shoot of earlier but independent availability models (Lie et al. 1977, Ebeling, 2010). The applicability of the models has been illustrated using data obtained from a typical oil company, which will be called X-Company for the sake of confidentiality. The unit availability for the studied period as well as mean annual availability of the system can all be computed with the models. The lowest and highest availability values recorded for the units were 0.083 and 0.692 respectively. The mean system availability during the period stood at 0.451. The result shows that the proposed model is a good means of computing system availability. The results have also updated decision makers support tools for system performance improvement.


Mr. London adds the following note: The drawing of the chevrons in this roundel may be noticed. Modern armorists would show the end of the upper chevron projecting below the quarter, but medieval draughtsmen, from the Heralds' Roll of c. 1275 to the Great Alphabet (College of Arms MS. L 1) off. 1530, suppress the one arm completely as here. The blazon of this pattern varied, for whereas some of the earliest blazoned rolls, such as Glover's c. 1255 and the Parliamentary c. 1312, say two chevrons, at least two mid-fifteenth-century rolls, Atkinson's and Bowyer's, say a chevron and a half, e.g. 'Sir Thomas Kirielle berythe golde a cheveron and demy wit a quartre of goules' (Bowyer's Book, no. 106). A third formula is seen in the Great Alphabet, which calls the demi-chevron a bend: 'Pope berythe silver a cheveron a bend on a canton geules a molet gold percyd.' It is somewhat surprising that the chevron and a half formula does not seem to occur in the thirteenth century, for the Falkirk Roll of 1298 blazons Sir Rauff Pipart's arms: 'dargent ove ung fees et demy feez et le cantell dazure et en le cantell quintfoyle dor.'


Abstract Effects of hydrogenation and thermal processes on vibrational spectra and electrical conductivity of trans-poly-acetylenes have been examined on the basis of new assignments of IR and Raman bands. Enrichment of long conjugated segments and their proper packing are indispensable for high electrical quality.


DISCUSSION : Using waveform correlation only as a signal detector does not guarantee a reduction in analyst workload if marginal events that do not meet bulletin-inclusion criteria are detected. Our research targets the selection of waveform correlation detections that will lead to bulletin-worthy events. The chosen example shows that a credible repeating event can be detected by dynamically creating additional templates from arrivals that were associated to the template event. The individual waveform correlation detections may not be convincing (for example, view the detections for ELK Pn and NVAR Pn in Step 5), yet the combined group of corroborating arrivals are consistent in time with a repeating event. The table above shows that a simple calculation of time deltas can establish the credibility of the repeating event and can establish a relative location to the template event. This research is in early stages, and the method will be applied to additional areas of high event rates of repeating events such as mining blast regions in Wyoming and Scandinavia and two aftershock sequences in the Middle East. At this time, only high time-bandwidth phases are used as templates (i.e., excludes teleseismic P templates). The research seeks to quantify parameters from the initial waveform correlation detection that favor the processing of templates for corroborating arrivals.


ed route. 0057 Technical effects and benefits of embodiments include increased scalability of data mining techniques due the transit points only represents a small fraction of the total trajectory points. In addition, according to embodiments, the routes between two transit points are the shortest paths, thus eliminating the need to store the same common routes over and over again. Transit points of embodiments also allow the trajectory heat map to be derived at an aggregated level for better analysis and visualization. Embodiments disclosed provide a method and system to speedily and accurately cap ture the trajectory patterns for spatial-temporal query and analysis and provide insightful analytical and visual results. 0058. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an and "the are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/ or "comprising, when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, ele ments, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence Jun. 12, 2014 or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 0059. The corresponding structures, materials, acts, and equivalents of all means or step plus function elements in the claims below are intended to include any structure, material, or act for performing the function in combination with other claimed elements as specifically claimed. The description of the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaus tive or limited to the disclosure in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the disclo Sure and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the disclosure for vari ous embodiments with various modifications as are Suited to the particular use contemplated. 0060. Further, as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied as a system, method, or computer program product. Accordingly, aspects of the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodi ment (including firmware, resident Software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining Software and hardware aspects that may all generally be referred to herein as a "cir cuit," "module' or "system." Furthermore, aspects of the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer readable medium (s) having computer readable program code embodied


Global water, energy and food resources are under enormous pressure. Over the next few decades, increases in population and consumption, as well as rapid urbanisation, will exacerbate this pressure.


This paper is an attempt to show whether or not the play of Edward III was written by William Shakespeare, through the analysis of its historical background, its theme and content, and its aesthetic features, which turned out to be characteristic of plays of the English Renaissance. My conclusion is that the play couldn't have been written entirely by Shakespeare, but part of it was most probably his composition. Therefore, the inclusion of the play into the 1997 edition of Riverside Shakespeare is justifiable.


The problem of machining titanium is one of the ever-increasing magnitudes due to its low thermal conductivity and work-hardening characteristic. In the present work, experimental studies have been carried out to obtain the optimum conditions for machining titanium alloy. The effect of machining parameters such as speed, feed, depth of cut and back rake angle on cutting force, and surface roughness were investigated. The significance of these parameters, on cutting force and surface roughness, has been established using the analysis of variance. The degree of influence of each process parameter on individual performance characteristic was analyzed from the experimental results obtained using the grey relational grade matrix. The back rake angle was identified as the most influential process parameter on cutting force and surface roughness. The cutting speed is identified as the most significant parameter for the turning operation according to the weighted sum grade of the cutting force and surface roughness.


1. Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY. 2. Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY. 3. Computer Science Department, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras campus, PR. 4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. 5. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.


The project has studied theoretical and practical methods for the categorization, analysis and synthesis of computing systems. In particular, parallel processors were studied as to communications and processing efficiency; including an evaluation of stepping and splitting efforts. Later, the more general problems of interaction between concurrent processes were analyzed and a significant new computationally complete control mechanism was developed. Recent project has focused on the development of an emulation laboratory for the analysis of computer architectures and certain language iteractions. ABSTRACT:. This study was undertaken as part of a seminar in Microprogramming The Johns Hdpkins University 1970. The study proceeded in three phases - each described in a separate chapter of the report. The first phase consisted of defining a univer- sal machine which in turn was simulated in FORTRAN on the IBM 7094. The·universal machine was actually a concept of four storage resources and · an .execution resource which when parameterized would define a machine structure. No attempt was made to accomodate various data path widths, thus the 36 bits. of the 7094 became a standard. Chapter Two is a microassembler for the aforementioned universal machine and Chapter Three is an attempt at emulation of several System 360 instructions. ABSTRACT: Some significant problems in a multiprocessor computer organization include, 1) development of an accelerating performance /cost relation with increasing numbers of processors, 2) variable task assignments to processors on an "as available" basis (and without continuous monitor interaction at task begin/end), 3) speed-up: of.a task execution when a.strictly:..sequential (all.others must.follow) task is encountered. Solutions to these problems are outlined by use of an organization using N "skeleton" computers, time-sharing the pipelined execution (arithmetic, etc.) resources. Since these processors are time-phased multiplexed with: respect to the resources, a commutation pattern is developed which allows for subcommutation for fewer processors operating at correspondingly higher speed, when required. A.."fork" to processors available" is introduced which requires a minimum of operating system intervention. ABSTRACT: ABSTRACT: A pseudo-metric space is defined for the set of all binary functions from n tuples to m tuples. The maximum conditional entropy of one function given the other is shown to be a pseudo-metric or distance function. By a redefinition of the set of which is equivalent to considering a function and its' inverse as different representations of the same function, is shown that the maximum conditional entropy is a metric. A generalized two finite functiohs using the ABSTRACT: A type of illustrated. A model for paginations is then presented for structured programs which bases its decisions for the locations of page breaks upon the syntactic structure of the program. This represents a departure from previous research efforts. A simple algorithm is given to solve the paginating model. "Methods for Realizing Sequential Machines on Identical Integrated Circuits" ABSTRACT: The development of integrated circuits has revised tradi- tional views of switching theory. The problem of minimization of the number of memory or logical elements has yielded to the problem of optimal realization of a given Sequential machine with integrated circuits. The two broad aspects of ABSTRACT: Two addition and three multiplication algorithms were studied to see the effect of pipelining on system efficiency. A definition of efficiency was derived to compare the relative merits c of various algorithms and implementations for addition and multiplication. This definition is basically defined as bandwidth/cost. comparisons of adders and multipliers have been based on latency. ABSTRACT: A hierarchical model of computer organizations is developed, based on a tree model using request/service type resources as nodes. Two aspects of the model are distinguished: logical and physical. General parallel or multiple stream organizations are examined as to type and effectiveness - especially as to intrinsic logical difficul-ties. ABSTRACT: This paper presents a new approach to the synthesis of sequential machines through integrated modules. The basic tools employed here are a concept of splitting shift register sequences to smaller ones and how this splitting affects next-statefunctions. The following problem has been solved: ABSTRACT: A method is given for analyzing inter-processor communications in parallel processor of the SIMD organization. Effectiveness of a particular communications structure is measured in terms of the expected time to perform an inter-data stream transmission of partial results. Results are applied to actual SIMD programs to determine the overall importance of communications in SIMD parallel processors. ABSTRACT: In this paper, a general stochastic approach is proposed as a uniform basis for modeling multiprocessing systems and assessing their performance, under broad assumptions. Performance is evaluated in terms of global measures; the utilization factor of the servers, as a measure of external (user oriented) performance. ABSTRACT: Characteristic of systems of concurrent processing activities operating in a common environment is their potential for non-deterministic (irreproducible) behavior. The notion of deter-ministic behavior is formalized in the context of a graph model of concurrent processes. In addition to complete determinacy, two less restrictive properties, partial and terminal determinacy, are introduced. Their decidability is constructively proved for acyclic graphs. Two extensions of the model are considered: recursively 1--specified concurrent processes and mutually exclusive processes. With regard to the latter, it is suggested that they would be best studied in the context of partially interpreted models. of Concurrency with Ordering Matrices". ABSTRACT: A formal technique for the representation of tasks such that the potential concurrency of the task is detectable, and hence exploitable, during the execution of the task is described. Instructions are represented as a pair of binary vectors, d and e, which completely describe the sources and sinks specified by the instruction. Tasks are represented This paper investigates the application of a formalism ABSTRACT: The design of a low cost, emulation oriented, dynamic microprogrammable processor is proposed. This machine is being built at Johns Hopkins University for use both as a research tool and an instructional aid. Features of this machine include: ABSTRACT: Several methods of evaluating user programs are analyzed with respect to space and time requirements. The concept of an "ideal" directly executed language is introduced, and it is argued that the "ideal: directly executed language for a contemporary computing system will not be either its source language or the language accepted its base machine. "A Survey of Techniques to Reduce/Minimize the Control Part/ROM of a Microprogrammed Digital Computer" ABSTRACT: In this report a survey of the research to date in microprogram minimization is presented. We discuss the works of Glushkov, Casaglia, et. al., Flynn and Rosin, Mischenko, Schwartz, Grasselli and Montanari and Das, et. al. The techniques are classified into three broad categories: The author's views are summarized in the conclusion but the survey presents more than sufficient detail for the reader to draw his own. ABSTRACT: This report is an update of an earlier report and specifies the design of a low cost, dynamic microprogrammable processor intended primarily as a tool for research and instruction. Changes to the earlier report include: ABSTRACT: By "Universal Host Machine" is meant a machine on which it would be possible to "effectively" emulate (almost) any computer. This report describes an attempt to design such ABSTRACT: A skeleton emulation of a DEC PDP-11 series machine on the JHU micromachine (see Report #28.1) is given and evaluated. The report contains the following sections: This emulation indicates that the instruction execution rate of the emulated machine is about one-half to one-third that of a PDP-11/20. Architectural improvements are recommended which will allow the emulated machine to execute PDP-11/20 code in approximately real time. ABSTRACT: The project has studied theoretical and practical methods for the categorization, analysis and synthesis of computing systems. In particular, parallel processors were studied as to communications and processing efficiency; including an evaluation of stepping and splitting efforts. Later, the more general problems of interaction between concurrent processes were analyzed and a significant new computationally complete control mechanism was developed. Recent project emphasis has focused on the development of an emulation laboratory for the analysis of computer architectures and certain language interactions. The project terminates at Johns Hopkins at the end of 1974. ABSTRACT: The purpose of this report is to study different models of parallel computation.


In the NW part of the Adriatic Carbonate Platform (AdCP), in Istria region, during Late Albian diagenetic silicification occured. Silicification took place within the peritidal carbonate sequences comprising intertidal carbonate breccias and laminated cyanobacterial limestones, as well as subtidal mudstones peloidal wackstones/packstones. Three silicified layers can be traced, more or less continuously, along the 30km traverse. According to their position in the sedimentary column and to their geometry, they are interpreted as three possible events of aeolian input of silica (volcanic ash) to carbonate platform environment. Sedimentological, mineralogical and geochemical analysis were performed on the samples from the silicified layers (ranging from 15cm to 2m in thickness), as well as from the related limestones and marls/clayey limestones. Silicification changed primary carbonate sediments in places almost completely and formed so-called "quartz diagenetic sediments" (up to 98% of SiO2), which contain several types of quartz (idiomorphic authigenic quartz, microcrystaline quartz aggregates, chert-like clusters). Distributions of microelements and REE indicate differences of the silicified layers from surrounding limestones. Insoluble residues of clayey limestones predominantly contain illite-smectite minerals, together with quartz, some feldspars and amorphous material. These results support assumption about the input of the source material for silicification to carbonate platform. Current investigations (SEM) should give additional informations about the source and mechanisms of silicification.


This study was conducted to evaluate two sample digestion procedures and instrumental determination parameters for analysis of lead in bone. Amputated human legs were treated by acid digestion or microwave dissolution prior to spectrometric analysis. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS) were used for determining bone lead levels. Recovery efficiencies using standard reference material from acid digestion measured by ICP-MS were in good agreement with those of the certified value, but in cases of acid digestion by GF-AAS and microwave digestion by both two methods, recovery underestimated and overestimated, respectively. For the bone samples, the lead concentrations obtained by ICP-MS after acid digestionwere in good agreement with those by GF-AAS (correlation coefficient = 0.983), but GF-AAS gave systematically higher values than ICP-MS. While a good agreement between two analytical methods after microwave digestion was also obtained (correlation coefficient = 0.950), bone lead concentrations from microwave were relatively higher than those from acid digestion. In conclusion, the use of the simple nitric acid digestion procedure at an ambient temperature coupled to ICP-MS seems to be efficient for the determination of lead in bone in consideration for both the convenience and validity.


The plant root is a complex system that has evolved under the constraints of a number of functions. It is a pressure-probe that can penetrate the soil; it is a scavenger of nutrients that may be either tightly bound to soil particles or in low concentrations in the soil solution; it is an absorber of water from the soil. The tip of the root contains the region of dividing cells from which the root is formed, and is pushed through the soil by the extension of these cells some 10–20 times as they develop and differentiate.


My prophesying can be briefly summarized as follows: (1) I will claim that the very conservative but decidedly nontrivial reforms of the past decade in mathematics curricula-familiar to you all as the so-called new mathematics-constitutes an existence proof for the proposition that productive reform in education, and especially mathematics education, is possible. (2) I will claim that there is nevertheless a great deal left to do in extending these reforms. I will summarize those things in the present situation which will make such extensions difficult as well as certain hopeful aspects of the existing situation. (3) Based on the positive aspects of the existing situation, I will present an optimistic vision of teaching and learning mathematics in 1991 that could be made real given very substantial effort. (4) I will then present a quite different vision of 1991 based on an extrapolation from the negative aspects of today's situation. (5) I will claim that we still have a clear choice between these two visions and, in closing, will be as blunt and explicit as I can in specifying the sort of repentance we would all have to undergo if the more favorable one is to have any chance of being reality in 1991. The proposition that genuine reform in (mathematics) education is possible was very much in doubt only ten years ago. At least four times between 1900 and 1950, campaigns had been mounted for such reform with such singular lack of success that John Gardner in 1956 described mathematics education as "A National Weakness" in the following words:


This paper introduces the composition, construction and quality control techniques of DOKA Large-area formwork Top 50 and Climbing formwork 150F applied in the construction of tanks of Guangdong LNG Receiving Station.


of Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy A BIOLOGICALLY PLAUSIBLE APPROACH FOR NOISE ROBUST VOWEL RECOGNITION By Ismail Uysal August 2008 Chair: John G. Harris Major: Electrical and Computer Engineering Present day commercial automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems still pale in comparison to the human ability to recognize speech. The inherent non-stationarity associated with the timing of speech signals, as well as the dynamical changes in the environment make the ensuing analysis and recognition extremely difficult. For decades, researchers have tried to mimic biology for improving machine recognition and ASR is no exception. Widely used and accepted Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients, for example, try to develop more effective filter banks by looking at the tonotopical distribution of the hair cells along the basilar membrane. However, all these approaches stem only from psychoacoustical and anatomical considerations. This research aims to take this biological inspiration one step further by imitating some of the dynamical computation of our auditory system via describing a biologically plausible algorithm that exclusively utilizes spikes in both the feature extraction and recognition stages. The main goal of this research is to investigate the computation potential of spike trains produced at the early stages of the auditory system for a simple acoustic classification task. The system makes use of an inner hair cell model to convert sound pressure waves into physical membrane motion which is then converted into a spiking representation at the nerve fibers centered at different frequencies. Different spike coding schemes from temporal to rate coding are explored, as well as different spike-based encoders with various simplicity levels such as rank order coding and liquid state machine.


To assess varietal differences in berry cracking and cracking pattern by berry set position, stomatal number, berry development, soluble solids, and percent of berry cracking were examined along with SEM observation of berry skin in heated plastic house-grown 'Kyoho', 'King Dela', and 'Fujiminori' grapes. Stomatal numbers of berry skin by position were 5.3 (calyx-end trisection), 7.7 (equatorial trisection), and 1.7 (stem-end trisection) in 'Kyoho', 4.8, 3.2, and 1.8 in 'King Dela', and 9.5, 5.3, and 3.2 in 'Fujiminori' grapes. Crack-sensitive 'Fujiminori' and 'Kyoho' grape showed rapid berry growth of stage Ⅲ after veraison compared to that of crack-insensitive 'King Dela' grape. Difference in fruit firmness between berry setting position was quite differ in 'Fujiminori', representing 0.65 ㎏/φ5㎜ at the calyx-end and 1.45 ㎏/φ5㎜ at the stem-end, while those of 'King Dela' were not significantly different. Soluble solids contents were increased gradually regardless of berry set position in 'King Dela', while 'Kyoho' and 'Fujiminori' grapes showed 1 to 2° Bx higher TSS contents at calyx-end position compared to those of stem-end and equator position. Percent berry cracking of 'Fujiminori', 'Kyoho', and 'King Dela' was 6.8%, 4.8%, and 0%, respectively. Percent cracking at the calyx-end, equator, and stem-end were 56%, 32%, and 12% in 'Kyoho', 82.5%, 7.5%, and 10% in 'Fujiminori', respectively. Thus calyx-ends were more prone to cracking in two cultivars. SEM observation revealed large crack at stylar scar on calyx-end in 'Fujiminori'. As berry growth advanced, stomata were mainly distributed at the stem-end in 'King Dela', while those were densely distributed at the calyx-end in 'Fujiminori'. Berry cracking was apparent at and around degenerated stomata after veraison in 'Fujiminori'.


Background: World Health Organization (WHO) estimated 0.3 million people die every year due to various poisoning agents. Poisoning is the fourth common cause of mortality in India. Acute poisoning accounts for 2-3% of all admissions to hospital in India. In India, as agriculture is the main occupation, insecticides and other agrochemical fertilizers are used to a greater extent and the poisoning with such products are more common. Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Medicine at Government Medical College and associated hospital Haldwani .172 patients who had taken some type of poison, who were more than 12 years of age included. A detailed clinical history and physical examination was performed and recorded on the predesigned proforma. All data were analyzed, documented and interpreted as per the standard laid down protocol. Results: Majority of patients lies were of organophosphate (42.4%) followed by rat killer poison (15.7%) , mosquito repellant (12.2%) , celphos (11.0%) and the least in drug overdose (0.6%). Majority patients survived (84.9%) followed by (15.1%) who expired. Conclusion: Organophosphorous poisoning is one of the most common poisoning in this region of Uttarakhand, predominantly in the young population with a male predominance, belonging to low socioeconomic class. The commonest motive of poisoning was suicidal.


Research suggests that Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) policies have the potential to tackle contemporary societal challenges . However, STI governance frameworks have remained largely static in recent years, based on the neoclassical and systems of innovation paradigms which may not be suitable for addressing the complexity of these grand challenges. In this research, we explore the emergence of new paradigms (e.g. new mission oriented policies or transformative paradigms) and evaluate how they are being used for a societal challenge oriented STI policy. The case study selected to is the Dutch smart mobility policy (2013-2023) , which is expected to contribute to the societal goals of quality of life, accessibility, and safety, among others.


Vaccine strain of CAV-2 was employed as the mother virus, E3 of CAV-2 the nonessential region during virus replication was chose as target site when inserting foreign gene, and it's flanking sequences as homologous arms respectively. Based on the vector pUC18, hCMV IE promoter, multiple cloning site, EGFP gene and SV40 poly-A signals were introduced into the position which E3 region was deleted, the generated plasmid was designated as pUC-△E3-EGFP. After recombination of pUC-△E3-EGFP with the mother CAV-2 in MDCK, recombinant CAV-2 harboring EGFP gene designated as rCAV-2△E3-EGFP was obtained after plaque purification. rCAV-2△E3-EGFP remained the biological prosperties of parental vaccine strain and could be express foreign gene stably, experiments from animal tests showed it's pathogenicity was not changed. The results supply a technique platform for investigation of live vector vaccine and relative basal research.


neighborhood groups throughout the county. The church remains as the chief integrating force in the majority of these neighborhoods. Neighborliness and mutual cooperation within small units is still a prized virtue. Moreover it is becoming increasingly evident that democracy in its present crucial test needs to magnify rather than minimize the importance of the small locality group. If democracy has to do with the people, then the kernel of it has to do with those small and many times informal groupings which lie closest to daily activities. The degree to which these fundamental social relations have been changed by increased facilities of communication can easily be overestimated. The small locality group has in many instances already disappeared but lamentably in many instances nothing has been put in its place to supplant the social values which it cannot now fulfill. The question of the continuance of these small groups in their present form is not of such primary importance as is the problem of seeing to it that the values which inhere in this type of intimate grouping, and the people which make up these groups, and which constitute the backbone of the Southland, are not lost in a centralizing process which takes no account of the localities which it swallows up.


Fixed sample size and sequential performance of the asymptotically minimax robust hypothesis test is evaluated over a signal processing example and the results are compared to other well known robust hypothesis testing schemes and the nominal test. As a fixed sample size test around fifty samples are sufficient to observe the minimax properties of the asymptotically minimax robust test. Comparisons indicate that Huber's minimax robust test and the nominal test degrade their performances drastically when imposed to uncertainties due to modeling errors. Similarly, Dabak and Johnson's asymptotically robust test degrades its performance, hence it is not minimax robust. This indicates that choosing the right uncertainty model and the corresponding minimax test is crucial in applications. For the sequential test a new definition of minimax robustness is made. The simulations indicate that the new definition is satisfied by the asymptotically minimax robust test asymptotically.


To describe the surface tension, a model of the surface layer of atomically smooth ferroelectrics was considered, neglecting the surface roughness. It is believed that a necessary condition for the manifestation of nanostructured properties of a condensed medium is the size dependence of its properties. The surface layer of an atomically smooth crystal consists of two layers, d(I) and d(II). The layer with thickness h = d is called layer (I), and the layer at h≈10d is called layer (II) of an atomically smooth crystal. At h≈10d, the size dependence of the physical properties of the material begins to appear. When h = d, a phase transition occurs in the surface layer. It is accompanied by abrupt changes in physical properties, for example, the direct Hall-Petch effect is reversed. It can be concluded that both previous and current results of studies of the surface of condensed media (metals, dielectrics, ferroelectrics, etc.) are due to size effects and the final structures of their existence.


A novel microphysiometer for the screening of Chinese drugs based on MLAPS (multiple light addressable potentiometric sensor) is presented. In the microphysiometer, several sensitive membranes are illuminated in parallel with n light sources at different frequencies, the response amplitudes of each frequency component can be measured on line by parallel processing algorithm. By the experiments, we can analyze the relations of the extracellular environmental H + under the effects of drugs and estimate the effects of several Chinese drugs (scutellaria, Lycium, Ligsticum wallichii). It shows that the novel microphysiometer could monitor the realtime process of the cell metabolism and the activation of the receptors, useful for screening of Chinese drugs.


U-net is very popular in medical image segmentation. However, the labels of training sets are always lacking for supervised learning. Thus, semi-supervised learning which utilizes unlabeled data shows advantages when dealing with such label-scarce situations. In this paper, we utilize U-net to tackle the challenge of segmenting MR images in semi-supervised setting. Specifically, we introduce paired consistency (PC) as data augmentation method. Also, we propose an entropy minimization (EM) term which is flexible and easy for calculation to boost the semi-supervised learning. Specifically, experiments show that our semi-supervised framework with PC and EM outperforms supervised U-net by %0.3 and %0.5 on OASIS and Hammers datasets, respectively. Also, entropy minimization accelerates the convergence of training, namely, reducing nearly %50 of training time, which is beneficial to real-world application.


Vapor deposited coatings onto strip steel are a promising alternative as functional layers for corrosion protection or high abrasion resistance.Conventional coating systems have some limits regarding environmental compatibility,the range of coating materials and application properties. Physical vapor deposition(PVD) is an environment-friendly technology and enables nearly unlimited material and process variety.Electron beam high-rate evaporation with deposition rates up to some micrometers per second is the most productive PVD technology for low cost coating.The combination of evaporation with powerful plasma is an efficient way to improve the layer properties.The developed plasma sources can be used for special plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition(PECVD) processes too. The paper gives an overview about the latest developments in these technologies.Furthermore,the paper explains some examples of new layer stacks onto steel strips.While enhanced corrosion protection can be obtained by magnesium,aluminium or copper containing coatings other functional surface properties come more and more in the focus of interest.For instance,decorative gold colored layers,transparent scratch resistant layers,hard coatings and photo catalytic layers were deposited on running steel strips.Functional layers and layer systems for energy saving and sun energy absorption by solar thermal effects and photo voltaics are under development.The coatings are prepared under the conditions of very high deposition rates using our in-line vacuum coater for metallic strips and sheets with the name MAXI.The influence of the process and plasma parameters on the layer properties were investigated and will be demonstrated for some applications.


Research suggests that many organizations are not satisfied with their performance management (PM) processes. Specifically, managers and employees alike often perceive the PM process as one that is inefficient, generates inaccurate information, and does not produce the desired outcomes (e.g., improved performance, engagement, and commitment). Several recent trends have emerged to address these concerns. These trends range from complete abolishment of performance ratings to elimination of certain components within the PM process (e.g., forced distribution, stacked ranking, etc.). Many organizations have eliminated these methods to shift the focus away from evaluation and more toward coaching and feedback for development purposes. This session will present practitioners' viewpoints on these and other trends. Specifically, representatives from ConAgra Foods, JetBlue Airways, New York Life, Google, RoundPegg, Leadership Research Institute, and CEB will share their perspectives and experiences with various PM ...


Presidential cabinets include on average more nonparty ministers than governments in any other form of democracy, and critics of presidentialism have argued that this compromises representativeness, accountability, and governability. Yet cabinet partisanship in presidential democracies remains poorly understood. Existing studies argue that the partisan composition of cabinets reflects the degree to which presidents prioritize building legislative support. We demonstrate that a better understanding of government formation requires attention to a second dimension of choice: agency risks. Focusing on the relationship between presidents and their own parties, which is at the core of every presidential government, we show that party-affiliated ministers are not always reliable agents for presidents and that presidents appoint nonpartisan ministers to limit agency loss. We test this argument using original data on the partisanship of single-party cabinets in 12 Latin American countries and find support for the key claims.


The present study deals with the unsteady dynamics of cavitation around the NACA 0015 hydrofoil in a channel. A finite element model is proposed to solve the governing equations of momentum and mass conservation. Turbulent flows around the hydrofoil are described by the Prandtl-Kolmogorov model. The cavitation phenomenon is modeled through a mixture model in-volving liquid and vapor flows and the Zwart-Gerber-Belamri (ZGB) model is considered to evaluate the transport of the water vapor fraction. The variational finite element model formulation includes the mixing of the characteristic method and the finite element. Also, at the open sides of the channel flow, an open boundary condition is imposed. Numerical experiments are performed for cavitation numbers 0.8 and 0.4. The presented model predicts the essential features of unsteady cavitating flows, the generation of vapor cavities, the time-dependent oscillations of the variables and the presence of vortical flow structures associated to vapor volume concentrations during the shedding process.


Violence is an ugly, yet undeniable, part of human society. It is a brutal and callous manifestation of human nature; an action which is too often done in a moment9s rage, and in ignorance of the full consequences. Indeed, the fact that more and more crimes being committed are violent crimes is an inescapable fact. Violence, and more specifically interpersonal violence, cannot be ignored. Left to fend for itself, violence will very soon grow out of the control and reach of any attempts to re-educate or rehabilitate. Society as a whole must realize the severity that interpersonal violence poses for the future — without any preventive medicine, violence can only be compounded in the coming generations. Violence is morally, physically and socially destructive, but to be properly dealt with, it must be understood and analyzed.


The design and development of a single-chip car stereo tuner IC housed in a QIP-64 (64-pin quad inline package) is discussed. The authors discuss the elimination of mutual interference between the FM front end and intermediate frequency (IF) blocks, measures used for pin-count reduction, and improving performance characteristics, as well as the development of an adjustment-free voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) circuit used in the tuner IC. >


The replacement-cost approach and the book-value method as decision support tools for selecting maintenance alternatives under budget constraints and for capturing the effects of maintenance practices on highway asset value are investigated. By using a case study based on the Thailand Pavement Management System, the replacement-cost approach and the book-value method are applied to analyze maintenance alternatives for selected highways. The versatility of these asset-valuation methods is explored for capturing trade-offs in the type and timing of maintenance and for incorporating the added value of effective maintenance practices and the impact of deferred maintenance in the overall asset value. The study demonstrated that the replacement-cost approach is a more versatile tool for considering the maintenance-related value of highways in maintenance decision making, whereas the book value may be a simpler financial accounting tool. The two approaches may be used together to clarify how maintenance expenditures are being translated into facility replacement value or how the overall value of the infrastructure is being preserved. The study results are potentially useful to agencies interested in capturing the added value of effective maintenance practices in the overall value of their asset base.


Owing to complex application environments and trends of intelligent perception associated, modern zoom systems with enhanced integration, increased imaging speed, decreased physical size, and improved dynamic adaptive adjustment strategies are required under external disturbances. Upon this requirement, reflective deformable mirrors (DMs, a Micro-Optical Electro-Mechanical System (MOEMS) device), which represent novel optoelectronic devices, have propelled the development of fast zooming and high-resolution imaging systems. In this paper, we design a catadioptric zoom system based on transmission fixed lenses and reflection deformable mirrors. The fixed lenses are used to increase the system field angle, increase the entrance pupil diameter, and balance the off-axis aberration caused by a large field of view. For practical application, we also consider the DMs specifications, e.g., the flexible deformation amount of actuator stroke within the effective diameter range. The system enables continuous zooming in the complete focal-length range at a high zoom ratio (10:1), and the full field of view at the wide-angle position is expanded to 20° × 20°, by improving the zoom sensitivity ability and aberration correction. This optical system is conducive to further establishing a stabilized zoom system with image stabilization ability integrated based on DMs.


Conservation and energy efficiency in air conditioning systems are very relevant to be conducted to increase efficiency and save energy as an effort to reduce energy consumption in buildings and reduce the formation of CO2 gas emissions, which are one of the main causes of increasing environmental temperature. Offices and settlements have a quite large dependence on energy. At the office, for instance, the spatial comfort greatly affects the user's mood and the quality of work produced. Air conditioning or air controlling system is an effort to process the air to control room temperature, relative humidity, air quality, and its refreshment to maintain comfort requirements for room users. The purpose of this research was to assess the measurement of energy consumption used in the office of three floors and to respond to energy consumption savings that are used as an effort to yield efficient energy use, especially in air conditioning systems. The research method used is the Ecotect v.5 simulations, with the characteristics of a closed office space model and full of air conditioning throughout the rooms. The energy consumption in a room cooling system was calculated by using SNI 6196-2011. The amount of heat energy accumulated in each room, which is influenced by solar radiation, space leveling, activity, and lighting was also measured. By calculating the temperature distribution in the space of each floor by comparing the Ecotech v.5 simulation results with the existing EEI (Energy Efficient Index) field measurements generated by 46.22 kWh/H/m2/day based on the calculation of working operational hours, it was assumed that 8 hours/day with real operational 2920 hours/year and the total energy consumption of 16330 kWh/year were considered as a very wasteful criterion. The temperature on each floor differs from 26.8°C to 29°C, the difference between the simulation calculation and the existing measurement was 0.78°C, with an average temperature of simulation result was 27.53°C, the existing was 26.75°C. Besides, the temperature obtained was different in each room, this was influenced by the room orientation to the sun which affected the comfort level of the room


Objective To investigate the effect of substitution fluid rate on the prognosis of critical acute kidney injury(AKI) patients treated with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration therapy(CVVHF).Method Patients' data were obtained from the Early Detection and Prevention of Acute Renal Failure Database funded by Shanghai Medical Development Foundation.A total of 74 patients(48 males and 26 females) treated with CVVHF using fluid substitution rate 30ml/kg/hr were collected.They were 19-87 years old with the mean age of 55.8±17.7years old.Patients were divided based the on substitution fluid rate into two groups,group CVVHF-A(substitution fluid rate 30-40ml/kg/hr,n=37) and group CVVHF-B(substitution fluid rate 40ml/kg/hr,n=37).Their vital signs,biochemical parameters,and APACHE Ⅱ score at pre-treatment,the fourth day during the treatment and post-treatment were also recorded.We then compared patient survival rate and renal survival rate after 30 days and 60 days between the two groups.Result Before the treatment,the two groups were similar in sex,age,renal function,blood gas parameters,heart rate,mean arterial blood pressure,urinary output,APACHE Ⅱ score,and the incidences of surgery in a week,chronic kidney disease,multiple organ dysfunction and systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS)(P0.05).The substitution fluid rate was significantly higher in CVVH-B group(53.2±8.5ml/kg/hr) than in CVVHF-A group(33.4±3.3ml/kg/hr,P0.001).In patients after one session of CVVHF,serum K+,BUN and Scr decreased(P0.05),and pH and HCO3-increased(P0.05),but without significant changes in hear rate,mean blood pressure and serum Na+(P0.05).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the patient survival rate in group CVVHF-A and CVVHF-B was 48.7% and 56.8%,respectively,after 30 days,and was 40.5% and 48.6%,respectively,after 60 days(P=0.724).Therefore,no significant difference in patient survival rate was found between the two groups.Renal survival rate was also similar in the two groups.Conclusion CVVHF using substitution fluid rate 30ml/kg/hr was suitable for the improvement of metabolic acidosis,renal function and hemodynamic stability in critical AKI patients.CVVHF using substitution fluid rate 40ml/kg/hr may not further improve their prognosis.


What can we tell from a single motion-blurred image? We show in this paper that a 3D scene can be revealed. Unlike prior methods that focus on producing a deblurred image, we propose to estimate and take advantage of the hidden message of a blurred image, the relative motion trajectory, to restore the 3D scene collapsed during the exposure process. To this end, we train a deep network that jointly predicts the motion trajectory, the deblurred image, and the depth one, all of which in turn form a collaborative and self-supervised cycle that supervise one another to reproduce the input blurred image, enabling plausible 3D scene reconstruction from a single blurred image. We test the proposed model on several large-scale datasets we constructed based on benchmarks, as well as real-world blurred images, and show that it yields very encouraging quantitative and qualitative results.


The prediction of convection is traditionally based on the interpretation of atmospheric stability from radio soundings. To help this task, a vast amount of different instability indices has been developed in the past. The usability of these indices varies especially with the geographical location, but also with the season. The space-based observations of the atmospheric profiles have become more and more common during the last years. One of the instruments suitable for this task is the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) with 36 spectral bands. Operational retrieval of temperature and moisture profiles, derived from cloud free MODIS radiance measurements, is administered by NASA. The algorithm averages the measured radiances from an area of 5 by 5 field-of-views (approx. 5 by 5 kilometres). As a result, estimates of temperature and dew point temperature for 20 pressure levels ranging from 1000 hPa to 5 hPa are provided. The objective of this study is to find out if the MODIS profiles could be utilized in the operational prediction of thunderstorms in Finland at summertime. The selected months are May–September from 2003 and 2004. Finnish Meteorological Institute has extensive weather radar and lightning sensor networks, which offer excellent reference data sets to the study.


There are several military or commercial systems operating in very harsh environments that require rugged windows. On some of these systems, windows become the single point of failure. These applications include sensor or imaging systems, high-energy laser weapons systems, submarine photonic masts, IR countermeasures and missiles. Based on the sea or land or air based platforms the window or dome on these systems must withstand wave slap, underwater or ground based explosions, or survive flight through heavy rain and sand storms while maintaining good optical transmission in the desired wavelength range. Some of these applications still use softer ZnS or fused silica windows because of lack of availability of rugged materials in shapes or sizes required. Sapphire, ALON and spinel are very rugged materials with significantly higher strengths compared to ZnS and fused silica. There have been recent developments in spinel, ALON and sapphire materials to fabricate in large sizes and conformal shapes. We have been developing spinel ceramics for several of these applications. We are also developing β−SiC as a transparent window material as it has higher hardness, strength, and toughness than sapphire, ALON and spinel. This paper gives a summary of our recent findings.


This paper explores the noise reduction potential of sawtooth trailing edge serrations on a flat plate at lowto� moderate Reynolds number. The noise radiated by a flat plate with both sharp and serrated trailing edges has been measured in an anechoic wind tunnel at the University of Adelaide. The noise measurements have been taken at a range of flow speeds (Reynolds numbers of Re c < 4.5 × 10 5 , based on chord) for two different sawtooth geometries. Trailing edge serrations are found to achieve an average attenuation of up to 7 dB over a large frequency range. The measured noise reductions show a linear dependence on Strouhal number, St = fδ/U∞, where f is the frequency, δ is the boundary layer thickness and U∞ is the free stream velocity. The results of this study are compared with theoreti� cal noise reduction predictions showing that significant differences exist between measurements and theory.


Unexplained infertility has been defined, by the Practice Committee of the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), as inability of a couple to conceive for at least 12 months, with unremarkable standard infertility evaluation ((ASRM), 2006). Although estimates vary, the prevalence of unexplained infertility is approximately 15–30%

 to evaluate the effect of nitroglycerine transdermal patches on uterine and subendometrial blood flow in women with unexplained infertility.

 Transdermal nitroglycerine patch was administered to the allocated group from the 2nd day of cycle till maturation of the follicles ≥ 18 mm just for one cycle.

 The relatively underdeveloped endometrial thickness did not change significantly after treatment of women with unexplained infertility with nitroglycerin and remained significantly lower than women of the fertile group. Also, nitroglycerin treatment did not result in significant change in uterine artery Doppler indices. However, uterine artery indices of nitroglycerin-treated women did not also show a significant difference (P > 0.05) from fertile women. On the contrary, nitroglycerin treatment in women with unexplained infertility significantly increased subendometrial 3D power Doppler indices to mean values that did not differ significantly from the fertile women. According to the results of the current study, biochemical pregnancy was more commonly achieved in the nitroglycerin group compared to the control group (6.67% vs 3.33%), Yet this difference failed to prove statistical significance. Although adverse effects of nitroglycerin treatment in the current study, namely headache, blurring of vision and hypotension, were more common on the nitroglycerin group compared to the control and fertile groups; this difference couldn't reach statistical significance (P > 0.05).

 Doppler study of uterine hemodynamics can be considered in infertility work-up. Although still lacking evidence, women with suboptimal uterine perfusion may be offered therapies improving uterine blood flow, such as nitroglycerin.


Operational capabilities of a cost effective indigenously developed Laser Beam Induced Current (LBIC) instrumentation have been demonstrated. For the low temperature LBIC measurements a continuous flow Liquid Helium cryostat has been fabricated indigenously and its operability has been test ed. Preliminary LBIC imaging data collected on HgCdTe epitaxial layer grown on CdZnTe and Si solar cell devices have been presented, to demonstrate the operability of the LBIC system.


A training procedure for a class of neural networks that are asymptotically stable is presented. The training procedure is a gradient method which adapts the interconnection weights, as well as the relaxation constants and the slopes of the activation functions used, so that the error between the expected and obtained responses is minimized. A method for assuring that stability is maintained throughout the training procedure is given. Such a network is used to identify a simulated nonlinear system and a PUMA-560 two-link robot.<<ETX>>


The variable step search algorithm is based on a simple search procedure that changes one network parameter at a time. Visualization of learning trajectories and MLP error surfaces is used for the algorithm design and optimization. The algorithm is compared to three other MLP training algorithms: Levenberg-Marquardt, scaled conjugate gradient, and training based on numerical gradient.


Optical Heterodyne Detection (OHD) technique is based on two separate sources with optical interference between them. The optical signal from a specific light source is compared with a separate reference signal from another source. The Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) reflect a specific wavelength λB and transmit the other wavelengths within the laser source spectral. This is achieved by changing the refractive index generated by periodic variation of optical fiber core, which reflect a specific wavelength, so FBG can be used to withhold a certain wavelength and allow other wavelengths to transmit. In this paper, a new method of an OHD has been designed using Optisystem software. Optical fiber as a temperature sensor element with single source and two FBGs have used in this system. the first FBG used as a tunable source and the other has used as a sensing element. The two optical signals have been combined utilizing a photodetector. It has a linear response to the light energy, while having a quadratic response with the amplitude of the electromagnetic field. The results show that the beat frequency shift has a linear response to the temperature with sensitivity about 2.24 GHz/Co.


XHTML + CSS layout model for its own characteristics and advantages are widely accepted and used by people,It is the page layout of the development trend of the future.Beginners just getting started with this model is ignorant of the state often,In this paper,analysis,design,production,testing the main line of the page using this model described in detail the process of making web pages,and for each link prone to problem solving methods suggested,specifically in designing web pages is to fully consider SEO optimization work,Hope this paper can give web enthusiasts some help.


An energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence system was used to determine simultaneously phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine and potassium contents in red and white wines. Repetitive analysis tested the high accuracy and reproducibility of the method. Three different wine preparation methods, namely, untreated, evaporated and ashed, were compared. Ashed wine samples are considerably lower in P, S and Cl contents than the untreated or evaporated ones; however, no significant difference was found among the three methods for the determination of K. Ashing of wine samples caused a partial loss of P, S and Cl due to their volatility at high temperatures. Untreated Canadian, French, Hungarian and Italian red wine samples showed no significant difference for their P, S, Cl and K content, while in evaporated and ashed samples, only K content was significantly different. No significant difference was found between Canadian and Hungarian white wines analyzed by the three methods and their mean concentrations (g/L) were 0.17; 0.28; 0.05 and 0.41 for P, S, Cl and K, respectively.


Unlike high-level languages such as Java and C++, assembly language is much closer to the machine code that actually runs computers; it's used to create programs or modules that are very fast and efficient, as well as in hacking exploits and reverse engineering Covering assembly language in the Pentium microprocessor environment, this code-intensive guide shows programmers how to create stand-alone assembly language programs as well as how to incorporate assembly language libraries or routines into existing high-level applications Demonstrates how to manipulate data, incorporate advanced functions and libraries, and maximize application performance Examples use C as a high-level language, Linux as the development environment, and GNU tools for assembling, compiling, linking, and debugging


Kazakhstan's capital city of Astana hosted the 53rd
 meeting of the Commonwealth of Independent States' Council of
 Defence Ministers on 27 November 2007. ... 11 heads of delegations representing the defence ministries of
 the CIS member states - Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan,
 Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
 and Ukraine. It is good that most delegations were led by defence
 ministers themselves. Only a Georgian delegation did not take part
 in the conference presided over by the Chairman of the Council of
 Defence Ministers, Russian Defence Minister Anatoly
 Serdyukov. ... In accordance with the agenda, about two dozen matters
 pertaining to various aspects of cooperation among the defence
 ministries of CIS member states. The discussion resulted in the
 passing of concrete resolutions to be implemented under the Concept
 of Military Cooperation among CIS Member States through 2010
 approved by the Council of CIS Heads of States. ... Considering the importance of promoting integration n the
 military sphere, the defence ministers discussed the implementation
 of the Concept of Establishment of Joint Communications System of
 the Armed Services of CIS Member States and the devising of the
 Concept of Navigation-Temporal and Geodesic Survey Support for the
 United Tactical-Level Control System. The meeting adopted a plan of
 combined operation of the Combined Air Defence System of CIS Member
 States in 2008 and resolved to launch training and refresher
 courses for measuring device repair specialists. ... стр. 95 ... The CIS defence ministers approved the Methodology of Check
 Flights for Identification Assets of the Combined Radar
 Identification System to ensure continuous combat readiness of the
 Parol combined radar identification system and enhance
 reliability of identifying aircraft, ships and ground vehicles by
 the armed forces of the CIS member states. ... The meeting resolved to have a Statute of 'the
 65th Anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic
 War of 1941 - 45' Common Anniversary Medal drafted owing to the
 coming celebration of the 65th anniversary of the
 victory over Nazism. ... During the session, the defence ministers heard the report of
 Maj. Gen. Sergey Chaban, Commander of the CIS Collective
 Peacekeeping Force in Abkhazia (Georgia), approved the results
 produced by the Council of Defence Ministers in 2007 and passed the
 Council's work plan for 2008. ... During their Astana meeting, the defence ministers displayed
 interest in further development of multilateral cooperation in this
 sphere. ... Many media much commented the statement made by Azeri Defence
 Minister Col. Gen. Safar Abiyev during a news conference in
 Astana: "The probability of war is almost 100 percent as long as
 Armenia occupies the territory belonging to Azerbaijan". Most took
 it as a signal of a forthcoming transition of the Armenian-Azeri
 conflict to the military phase. ... However, Azeri foreign Minister Elmar Mamedyarov
 soft-pedalled Defence Minister Abiyev's statement by saying in his
 interview: "It is a great delusion to think that the problem of a
 state's territorial integrity can be resolved by brutal force. Such
 an approach is absolutely incorrect and drives us back to the
 mid-20th century when arms were used as a tool to
 resolve territorial and other issues". ... On the other hand, virtually all media for some reason kept mum
 on the Azeri defence minister's statement in Astana, in which he
 said his country had no plans to join NATO: "As the defence
 minister, I say for the record that we continue our cooperation
 with NATO. That Azerbaijan seeks NATO membership or will join the
 organization is not on the agenda so far". This indicates that the
 feasibility of interaction among the states, including military
 one, in the CIS format has been far from exhausted yet. ... стр. 96 ... Military Diplomat turned to Lt. Gen. Alexander
 Sinaisky, Secretary, CIS Council of Defence Ministers, for
 comment on some of the issues discussed during the meeting. ... - Was the insistence by the United States on deploying its
 ballistic missile defences in Eastern Europe considered in
 approving the plan of combined operations of the Combined Air
 Defence System of CIS Member States? ... - The matter was not raised during the session of the CIS
 Council of Defence Ministers in Astana, but, of course, the current
 situation was taken into consideration during the operational
 planning for 2008. ... The very essence of the Combined Air Defence System, which is
 the most advanced program on multilateral military cooperation
 within the framework of the Commonwealth, allows any contingencies
 to be looked into promptly and respond in a manner commensurate
 with particular threats. ... - Georgia has made a number of statements that actually serve
 an ultimatum to relive Maj. Gen. Sergey Chaban, Commander of the
 Collective Peacekeeping Force, of his duties. How did the CIS
 Council of Defence Ministers react to these demarches of
 Tbilisi?


Thermal diffusivity coefficient is measured directly using a spread of plane temperature waves excited by Peltier element. By this way, both self-ordering of polar bonds and their forced ordering in the bias electrical field are studied. The interaction of acoustic and optical phonons in the polar crystals manifests itself in two ways: (1) it gives an additional deposit into phonons scattering, observed as a deep minimum of diffusivity; (2) it makes contribution to heat transfer with an acute maximum of diffusivity seen in the antiferroelectrics, in which soft phonon mode vanishes in the middle of Brillouin zone and phase transition occurs with multiplication of lattice unite cell, so the optical phonons actively mix with the acoustic ones, participating in the heat transfer.


Semantic wikis enhance normal wikis with typed links. Every link on a semantic wiki page has a type describing the relation of the current page to the target of the link. In this paper we propose an architecture that can be used to validate the user input and consistency of typed links in the input with the existing knowledge base. The validation of the consistency is done by utilising a reasoner component embedded in the architecture.


In order to realize the LST objectives of high angular resolution, extended wavelength coverage and faint object detection, the performance of the instruments must be matched to that of the telescope. To insure that adequate technology is available by 1976, an intensive SR & T program has been initiated which builds on previous work and is coordinated with work in other agencies. The primary areas of concern are detectors, on-board computers, and ultraviolet optical components. In the last area grating work is being emphasized. The on-board computer will be necessary to allow pre-processing of raw data and enable detector operation in a pulse counting mode. For detectors, the SEC Vidicon development will be continued but the use of solid-state arrays in the electron bombarded mode and channel plate detectors are being seriously considered. One challenging problem is to provide 2 K cooling to permit ultra-sensitive IR observations to be made.


Objective: The objective of this study is to analyse the effect and side-effects of combination therapy of Olmesartan/Amlodipine in the treatment of Resistant Hypertension. Design and method: Querstionaire based cross sectional study among patients with Resistant Hypertension according to the 2013 ESC Guideline for management of Hypertension. Study was carried out in 64 patients admitted with history and holter blood pressure monitor evidence of Resistant Hypertension in the Cardiology Department between 1 st of July 2013 and 31 st of July 2014. Patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria by the initial holter blood pressure moniter were started on combination therapy with Olmesartan/Amlodipine along with diuretic and Beta-blocker. Patients were analysed with control questionaire and holter blood pressure monitor after 3 months for the effect and side-effects and the circadian rythm of blood pressure control. Results: From the study it was seen that 45 (70.31%) of the patients included in the study had reached optimal control of blood pressure. 10 patients (15.64%) had non optimal control of blood pressure, 3 patients (4.68%) stopped the treatment due to pedal oedema. 6 patients (9.37%) patients continued to be with resistant hypertension inspite of our maximal therapy. From the initial holter blood pressure monitering it was observed that 19 patients (30%) included in the study were non- dippers and after the therapy with Olmesartan/Amlodipine combination it was found that only 7 patients (10.93%) were non- dippers. Conclusions: From our study we observed that the combination therapy with Olmesartan/Amlodipine in patients with Resistant Hypertension has high efficacy and minimal side-effects with good circadian control of Hypertension.


5,6,11-Trideoxytetrodotoxin, a naturally occurring analog of tetrodotoxin, was synthesized from a synthetic intermediate of 5-deoxytetrodotoxin by continuous radical deoxygenation of two hydroxy gr...


This application describes and can comprise the communication mode of the light in the common optical path of one or more waveguide (272) with the design of sensing sample (205), embodiment and technology for control.