This method allows controlling an actuator control system of an aircraft to act on a force applied to the aircraft. The aircraft has an air velocity vector and a velocity vector ground, and comprises a motor and a motor control system, forming a first actuator control system for varying a biasing force generated by the motor. The method includes determining (130) a thrust variation for controlling a variable relating to the aircraft with respect to a reference, and developing (140) a first signal to control the engine control system to obtain said thrust variation, and transmitting said first control signal to said motor control system. The controlled variable is an acceleration in a direction carried by a velocity vector from the air velocity, and ground speed vector, and the set is a set acceleration in said direction.


The invention discloses a durian-flavored bean curd. The durian-flavored bean curd is characterized in that a preparation method of the bean curd comprises the steps as follows: preparing durian pulp, soaking soybeans, grinding and filtering milk, mixing ingredients and boiling the milk, solidifying and preparing the bean curd. Scented durian is added to the bean curd, so that the prepared bean curd has the aroma of durian and is nutritious. Therefore, according to the durian-flavor bean curd, nutrition types of traditional bean curd are enriched, flavors of the bean curd are enriched, and the bean curd has the unique aroma.


Abstract : This technical report has been prepared in two volumes for two specific audiences. Volume I, Field Testing, is intended for persons with no formal laboratory background such as exterior electricians who could perform sampling and testing procedures on transformers, oil circuit breakers, etc., as part of their maintenance duties, and civil engineering personnel who must clean up spill sites. Conversely, Volume II, Method Development/Testing, is intended for use by policy makers who must determine whether or not the kit is appropriate for their organization. As a result, Volume II emphasizes the development of the extraction method, the verification testing for the oil kit, and the data collected during soils testing. The information given is meant to serve as a basis for policy decisions with field procedures, spill analysis, and actual cleanup techniques of minor importance. Originator-supplied keywords: PCB, Polychlorinated biphenyls, Transformers, Spill cleanup, Hazardous waste cleanup, Field testing.


The article presents a study of solutions of ODEs system with a special nonlinear part, which is a continuous analogue of an arbitrary recurrent neural network (neural ODEs). As a nonlinear part of the mentioned system of differential equations, we used sums of piecewise continuous functions, where each term is a power function. (These are activation functions.) The use of power activation functions (PAF) in neural networks is a generalization of well-known the rectified linear units (ReLU). In the present time ReLU are commonly used to increase the depth of trained of a neural network. Therefore, the introduction of PAF into neural networks significantly expands the possibilities of ReLU. Note that the purpose of introducing power activation functions is that they allow one to obtain verifiable Lyapunov stability conditions for solutions of the system differential equations simulating the corresponding dynamic processes. In turn, Lyapunov stability is one of the guarantees of the adequacy of the neural network model for the process under study. In addition, from the global stability (or at least the boundedness) of continuous analog solutions it follows that learning process of the corresponding neural network will not diverge for any training sample.


The service industry in China can be classified as IT-intensive sectors and Non-IT-intensive sectors.The empirical analysis shows that the former has greater positive influence on the development of service industry than the latter,but the former has a lower growth level and lagged effects.In order to realize the sustainable growth of service industry,we should enhance the level of IT in service industry by improving the efficiency of IT using in service industry and expanding IT-intensively services.


Abu Dhabi
is the capital city of the United Arab Emirates. The capital went through a radical
transformation from a nomadic settlement before the 70's of the 20th century to a metropolis that
ranked as the world's fourth
favorite city in 2013. It became "the safest city in the world" for the fourth time
in January 2020. Abu Dhabi and other Arabian Gulf cities have evolved rapidly in
the second half of the 20th century, due to investment of oil and gas revenues. Abu
Dhabi's population
has been growing significantly at an average annual rate of 5.2% during the last
two decades. To this end, the total
population of the city has grown rapidly by 1000% over the last 42 years. According
to the first census conducted in 1975, the total population of Abu Dhabi was 120,000 inhabitants,
which increased in 2019 to more than 1.3 million. This increase makes Abu Dhabi's population one of the fastest growing cities in the world in terms of annual population
growth rate. Abu Dhabi city is a good example of a rapidly developing city. Until
1969 the city was characterized by its slow-growth economy. Its population lived
in traditional houses made of palm fronds with poor infrastructure. The rapid development
of the city transformed Abu Dhabi from a small
poor and isolated fishing village into a global financial and leisure center.
Its built-up area increased from only 54 square kilometers in 1975 to 758 square
kilometers in 2019. This rapid spread (1300% in 44 years) makes the city one of
the fastest growing cities in the world. The researcher applied the topical approach with the use of analytical and cartographic techniques to reach
the aims of the study to understand the issue of population growth and its effect
on urban sprawl in Abu Dhabi city during the period 1960 to 2019 which has been
fuelled by economic growth and technological advancements.


ABSTRACT Several substituted uracils and thiouracils were synthesized in good yields by one-pot condensation reaction of methyl or ethyl β-ketoesters and urea (or thiourea) in solvent-free conditions under microwave irradiation and in short time.


With the growth of information organized in hierarchical databases, it is essential to develop automated approaches for classifying data instances (e.g., documents, proteins and images) into hierarchies. Several classification approaches have been developed that exploit the hierarchical structure prevalent within these underlying databases. One commonly used approach is to train local one-versus-rest classifiers for each of the nodes within the hierarchy and then make a prediction using a combination of these several trained classifiers. In this paper, we develop a hierarchical classification approach that utilizes a rank-based loss function to differentiate between the examples from different nodes across the hierarchies. The intuition behind our approach is that it allows for the training examples to have an ordering based on their class membership within the hierarchy. We also add regularization constraints that force the learned weight vectors associated with the parent and children nodes within the hierarchy to be similar to each other. To further improve the model performance, we extend our formulation to include a hierarchy based cost-sensitive loss during training. To ensure the scalability of our approach to datasets with large number of classes, instances and feature space, we implemented a distributed map-reduce based algorithm for training the different per-node classifiers. Our empirical results on a diverse set of image and text hierarchical databases shows an improved performance with the use of rank-based models in comparison to other baseline approaches.


UNLABELLED
The principles of ionic selectivity of the two crystallised bacterial ion channels are described. These channels are: the potassium channel KcsA, whose amino-acid sequence is homologous to the eukaryotic voltage--dependent potassium channels and the chloride channel EcClC that is a prokaryotic member of the ClC family of chloride channels.

IN CONCLUSION
although the overall molecular architecture of KcsA is different from that of EcClC, the selectivity filters in both cases show similarities. They both utilise helix dipoles organised within the channel molecule in such a fashion to produce electrostatically favourable environment for anions (in the case of EcClC) or cations (in the case of KcsA).


E-commerce sites are flourishing nowadays in lockdown. A lot of entrepreneurs are making their own sites and selling them online. In 2020, one of INTERPOL's private sector partners detected 907,000 spam messages, 737 malware incidents, and 48,000 malware URLs connected to COVID-19 during the period from January to April. "Cybercriminals are developing and boosting their attacks at an alarming pace, exploiting the fear and uncertainty caused by the unstable social and economic situation created by COVID-19." states Jürgen Stock, INTERPOL Secretary General. The main threats during this pandemic are Malware/Ransomware(36%), Phishing/Scam(59%), Fake News(14%) and Malicious Domains(22%). Cybercriminals are active in these pandemic times and the developers designing stunning user interfaces without basic cybersecurity knowledge is a great attraction for these criminals. Our goal is to explain how easily hackers gain access by selecting 10 top vulnerabilities from OWASP and exploiting them.


The effects of quinine, quinidine, cinchonine, cinchonidine and chloroquine on phospolipid synthesis in the Jurkat T cell line have been compared. It was found that the two potassium channel blockers, quinine and quinidine, markedly enhanced phosphatidylserine synthesis and strongly decreased both phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis. The inhibition of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis was due to the inhibition of the uptake of [3H]choline or [3H]ethanolamine, respectively, by the cells. This effect was also observed when using either cinchonine, cinchonidine and chloroquine. In contrast, these three drugs were unable to modify phosphatidylserine synthesis, indicating that the K+ channel blockers, quinine and quinidine, specifically interfere with the synthesis of this phospholipid.


Shock models based on Poisson processes have been used to derive univariate and multivariate exponential distributions. But in many applications, Poisson processes are not realistic models of physical shock processes because they have independent increments; expanded models that allow for possibly dependent increments are of interest. In this paper, univariate and bivariate Pólya urn schemes are used to derive models of shock sources. The life distributions obtained from these models form a large parametric family that includes the exponential distribution. Even in the univariate case these life distributions have not been widely used, though they form a large and flexible family. In the bivariate case, the family includes the bivariate exponential distributions of Marshall and Olkin as a special case.


SYNOPSIS

The detailed anatomy of the roots of Symphytum officinale L. is described and figured. The diagnostic microscopical characters which may be used to identify these roots when present in the crushed or powdered condition are: large cork cells, irregular in outline, up to 250μ in tangential width; abundant parenchyma of phelloderm, phloem, and xylem, including medullary rays, of sub-rectangular cells arranged in radial files and containing mucilage, also starch granules both simple and 2- to 4- compound; xylem vessels solitary or in groups of 2 or 3 (rarely more than 3), with many rows of bordered pits; corrected vessel number per mm.2 is 40-56-85; absence of calcium oxalate crystals, laticiferous tissue and lignified elements other than vessels. The diagnostic features which enable the roots of dandelion and of chicory to be distinguished from that of comfrey when in admixture are tabulated. A method for the quantitative examination of dandelion coffee is described. Nine commercial samples of dandelion coffee were found to contain between 50 p.c. and 80 p.c. of roasted dandelion root: each sample contained roasted comfrey root and some also contained roasted chicory root. Such material was not considered to be of the nature, substance, and quality of dandelion coffee, which earlier workers have regarded as composed of pure roasted dandelion root.


Supramolecular assembly of π-conjugated systems is of large interested due to the possibility to use them in electronic devices.[1] Chrysene is a polyaromatic hydrocarbon which has been studied e.g for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).[2] In continuation of our previous work involving the supramolecular polymerisation of pyrene oligomers [3] an oligomer consisting of three chrysenes linked by phophodiesters was synthesised (Chry3).
UV-Vis measurements show that aggregates of Chry3 are formed in aqueous medium. This is illustrated by general hypochromicity, a change in vibronic band intensities and, in particular, the appearance of a red-shifted absorption band in the S0 → S2 transition. The data suggest the formation of J-aggregates. The formation of supramolecular polymers is further studied by temperature-dependent absorption- and fluorescence measurements, and by atomic force microscopy (AFM).


The breakdown characteristics of two types of silicon p‐n junctions are studied. In the first type of junction which is commonly encountered, the breakdown occurs in many localized regions, the characteristic being determined by the aggregate effect of the localized regions; in the second type of junction the geometry is such that only one localized breakdown region occurs. Whereas the simple avalanche theory can explain the onset of breakdown for both types of junctions, the shape of the V‐I curve in the breakdown region cannot be explained without the inclusion of another variable in the theory. Experimental evidence obtained by the use of pulse techniques indicates that this variable is the temperature rise due to the current flowing through the junction. It is found that this self‐heating is the most important single factor in determining the shape of the V‐I curve and that almost the entire dynamic resistance in this region is due to this effect. A method is given for determining the temperature rise...


We study Landau damping in dilute Bose–Einstein condensed gases in both spherical and prolate ellipsoidal harmonic traps. We solve the Bogoliubov equations for the mode spectrum in both of these cases, and calculate the damping by summing over transitions between excited quasiparticle states. The results for the spherical case are compared to those obtained in the Hartree–Fock (HF) approximation, where the excitations take on a single-particle character, and excellent agreement between the two approaches is found. We have also taken the semiclassical limit of the HF approximation and obtain a novel expression for the Landau damping rate involving the time-dependent self-diffusion function of the thermal cloud. As a final approach, we study the decay of a condensate mode by making use of dynamical simulations in which both the condensate and thermal cloud are evolved explicitly as a function of time. A detailed comparison of all these methods over a wide range of sample sizes and trap geometries is presented.


Expanded methods for discharge and grain size estimation; access information for digital imagery and elevation data; precipitation and discharge data; and field data collected during this study.


A preliminary analysis of National Launch System ascent plume induced base heating environments has been completed to support the Induced Environments Panel's objective to assist in maturing the NLS vehicle (1.5 stage and heavy launch lift vehicle) design. Environments during ascent have been determined from this analysis for a few selected locations on the engine nozzles and base heat shield for both vehicles. The environments reflect early summer 1991 configurations and performance data and conservative methodology. A more complete and thorough analysis is under way to update these environments for the cycle 1 review in January 1992.


Many mangrove species are viviparous, i.e. their seeds (generally propagules) germinate while still attached to the parent tree. After abscission from the parent tree at maturity, the propagules either establish and colonize the substrate locally in the direct vicinity of the parent tree, or they disperse by water, possibly colonizing distant areas. In both cases, the vascular system is crucial for propagule and seedling establishment and survival in the mangrove ecosystem. However, the early development of the vascular system in mangrove trees remains largely unknown. We studied the early stages of vascular development of mangrove propagules of a number of characteristic species.


The role of engineers using computer-aided design (CAD) systems, and the changes which have, taken place regarding work content and tasks, stress-related health problems, and leisure time were analyzed. We compared these earlier results with initial findings from an ongoing research program studying the introduction and use of knowledge-based systems (KBS). Changes in the organizational and psychosocial work environment were also analyzed. The obstacles and facilitating factors involved in the introduction and use of CAD systems with corresponding results from early experiences with KBS, from a Swedish perspective were discussed. We concluded that similar experiences with these technological tools confirm our overall hypothesis, that a well-functioning psychosocial work environment is a prerequisite for the implementation of these systems.


Aim:To investigate the significance of hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF)-1α and aquaporin(AQP) 1 proteins expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) tissue.Methods:The expressions of HIF-1α and AQP1 in 62 samples of ESCC and the corresponding normal esophageal mucosal epithelium tissue were assessed using immunohistochemistry method.Results:The positive expression rates of HIF-1α and AQP1 were 80.6%(50/62) and 61.3%(38/62) in ESCC tissue,and 19.4%(12/62) and 38.7%(24/62) in the normal esophageal mucosa epithelium tissue.The positive expression rates of HIF-1α and AQP1 in ESCC tissue were higher than those in the normal tissue(χ2=30.083,4.900,P0.05).The expression of HIF-1α was associated with the tumor histological grade,TNM classification and lymph node metastasis of ESCC(χ2=9.939,6.681,5.787,P0.05),and so was AQP1(χ2=9.102,9.836,8.020,P0.05).The expression of HIF-1α was associated with the expression of AQP1(rP=0.292,P=0.016) in ESCC tissue.Conclusion: The over-expression of HIF-1α and AQP1 may be involved in carcinogenesis and development of ESCC.


Achieving good esthetics while maintaining healthy surrounding tissues in fixed partial dentures (FPDs) is difficult, especially in the maxillary anterior region. Any unfavorable relationship between the residual ridge, pontic, and gingival papilla often compromises the final result. Alternative procedures can be developed to improve these relationships and provide esthetic and functionally acceptable FPDs. Using soft tissue grafts to correct an esthetic deficiency may be a feasible approach for establishing new and stable gingival and papilla contours. Altering the shape of a residual ridge by gradual hydropressure is another promising technique to improve tissue contour.


Objective: To investigate the clinical value of ovalation by drugs hyperstimulation through transvaginal ultrasound Methods: 120 patients with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) were detected through vagina guided by B ultrasound Results: The results indicated that there were not only certain similarities but also some differences between COH and natural ovulation cycles in follicular growth Conclusion: B ultrasound through vagina can accurately estimate follicular number, size and morphologic changes, and establish the time of hCG injection Moreover it is capable of reducing and avoiding the occurrence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) because of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH)


This study reports the epoxidation of waste rubber/zeolite (WR/Z) powder using performic acid solution and its use as potential filler for epoxy resin. WR/Z powder was produced by mechanical grinding using a bench grinder and was epoxidized in performic acid solution for 0 – 90 min of treatment time under ambient conditions. Degree of epoxidation determined by attenuated total reflectance – Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was found to increase up to 40 min treatment time where the highest number of epoxide structures was formed. At longer treatment time (> 40 min), most of the epoxide structures were opened up through hydrolysis forming ether, carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. Flexural tests showed that the flexural modulus of epoxy resin was increased after incorporation of epoxidized WR/Z (EWR/Z) powder. Increased EWR/Z powder loading resulted to decreased maximum flexural stress and more brittle epoxy resin.


The utility model discloses a household physical examination system based on an intelligent TV (Television). The household physical examination system comprises a household physical examination machine, the intelligent TV and a data storage management server, wherein the household physical examination machine is used for carrying out physical examination for a user and sending physical examination result information to the intelligent TV; the intelligent TV is provided with an android operation system and a household physical examination application software and is used for analyzing professional guidance information obtained after a physical examination through the household physical examination application software and carrying out alarm reminding when a test result exceeds a normal index; and the data storage management server is used for storing data information of the test result. The household physical examination system disclosed by the utility model has the following beneficial effects that multifunctional tests are integrated in the household physical examination machine, and other measuring instruments are greatly reduced; a physical examination result report, an independent hearing/eyesight test and a healthy diet knowledge system are provided by the intelligent TV; and health data of families are dynamically tracked by the data storage management server, and better healthy care is provided.


The National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program collects and publishes population‐based cancer incidence data from registries covering approximately 28% (seer.cancer.gov/registries/data.html) of the US population. SEER incidence rates are released annually in April from data submitted the prior November. The time needed to identify, consolidate, clean, and submit data requires the latest diagnosis year included to be 3 years before release. Approaches, opportunities, and cautions for an earlier release of data based on a February submission are described.


A three-way catalytic converter including a metal foam substrate, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a cylindrical housing of which one end is connected to a suction pipe and the other end is connected to a discharge pipe; and a cylindrical substrate positioned to be spaced from the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical housing, coated with a noble metal catalyst, and including a metal foam having an open cell, wherein nitrogen oxides are converted into nitrogen, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons are converted into carbon dioxide and water, and particulate matter is reduced.


Streptococcal M protein is one of the best characterized anti-phagocytic surface molecules. The protein has a coiled fibrillar structure extending outwards about 600 nm from the streptococcal cell wall. The anti-phagocytic nature of the M protein appears to be related to two properties: ( a ) its ability to bind fibrinogen and the D family of its degradation products, thereby preventing deposition of C 3b on the bacterial cell surface (Whitnack et al., l988), and ( b ) its ability to prevent contact between the streptococcus and the phagocyte through electrostatic repulsion (Fischetti et al., 1988). The structural features of the M protein responsible for the above features have been partially characterized. The fibrinogen-binding region of the M protein probably lies in an extended portion of the fibril near its centre (Whitnack el al., 1988), whereas electrostatic repulsion probably results from a high concentration of negatively charged amino acids, predominantly glutamic acid, at the distal tip of the structure (Fischetti et al., 1988). Since phagocytes have a net negative surface charge, the negative charge in this region of the M protein may prevent cell-to-cell contact by electrostatic repulsion. In addition to phagocytosis, many Gram-negative bacteria are susceptible to the direct bactericidal action of serum complement (Hammond et ul., 1984). This depends upon later components of the complement sequence. When activated, the terminal complement component C 5-C 9 form a membrane attack complex (MAC) which eventually results in the formation of a channel through the outer and cytoplasmic membranes. The channel causes leakage of cytoplasmic constituents from the cell and dissipates the membrane potential derived from the proton gradient across the cytoplasmic membrane. These events result in bacterial death. In contrast to Gram-negative organisms, the terminal complement sequence does not directly kill Gram-positive organisms probably because the thick peptidoglycan wall restricts access to the cytoplasmic mcnibranc. Although many Gram-negative bacteria are serum sensitive, a number are serum resistant. Several mechanisms of serum resistance have been described (Joiner, 1988) and the molecular basis of these phenomena is beginning to be defincd. A n intvresting example IS provided by the work of Joiner (1988) who showed that serum resistance in Salmonella montevideo results from failure of the CSb-9 complex to insert properly into the outer membrane, so that it is shed and is not bactericidal. The 0 antigens of lipopolysaccharide provide protection by sterically hindering access of the CSb-9 complex to the outer membrane with a critical density (approximately 20%) of long 0 antigen chains (> 14 0 antigen units/molecule) being necessary for protection. Conclusion


We introduce a new wearable HD-DOT system that allows neuroimaging in naturalistic environments. Test results with visual paradigms show comparable performance to larger fiber-based systems.


B.W. Higman, Proslavery Priest: The Atlantic World of John Lindsay, 1729-1788. Kingston: University of the West Indies Press, 2011. vii + 334 pp.REVIEWED BY NATALIE ZACEKMORE THAN A GENERATION AGO, Gordon Lewis asserted that the planters of the West Indies were "the most crudely philistine of all dominant classes in the history of Western slavery", a statement which has received surprisingly few challenges in the intervening years. In the last decade, however, scholars such as Trevor Burnard, Philip Morgan and April Shelford have contradicted this image of the Caribbean plantocracy as inhabiting an intellectual vacuum. In ProsUvery Priest, Barry Higman, the pre-eminent social and demographic historian of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Jamaica, has contributed to this emerging reassessment of the extent to which plantation society could coexist with the life of the mind. Simultaneously, Higman's study complements the recent work of, amongst others, Srividhya Swaminathan and Christer Petley on the subject of proslavery ideology in the era of abolition, a burgeoning historiography which has worked to avoid Whiggish teleologies of the inevitable triumph of the antislavery impulse.As Higman's subtitle emphasises, he locates his protagonist, the Scots clergyman John Lindsay, within the fluid boundaries of the eighteenth-century Atlantic world, limning him as one of "a few [people] who struggled to make sense of this oceanic world and left behind evidence of their attempts to comprehend what they encountered" (i). Lindsay's life story certainly qualifies for membership of this "oceanic world"; born and educated in Lowland Scotland, he made nearly a dozen Atlantic crossings in his lifetime, travelling first to Newfoundland, then to Virginia and into the mid-Atlantic backcountry, and then, as a Royal Navy chaplain, sailing to Senegal, after which he settled in Jamaica, where he lived from 1759 until his death in 1788. As an inhabitant of this time and these places, Lindsay experienced the last gasp of Jacobite rebellion, the exigencies of the Seven Years' War, the rise of Enlightenment ideas regarding religion, governance and human nature, and the emergence of Britain as the West's leading imperial and maritime power.Although Higman states in his preface that this monograph is intended to be a "'life and writings' rather than a 'life and times'" (xiv) of Lindsay, his study is primarily a chronological narrative of Lindsay's peripatetic life, stopping at several junctures to discuss Lindsay's varied literary productions, including his picaresque novel Memoirs of Sir Thomas Hughson and Mr Joseph Williams (1757), his account of his Voyage to the Coast of Africa (1759), and the numerous unpublished writings he produced during his thirty years' sojourn in Jamaica. For the readers of this journal, it is probably these latter items that will be of the greatest interest, as Higman's discussion of Lindsay's African travelogue is surprisingly limited in its insights into the development of the latter's ideas about the legitimacy of the Atlantic slave trade, and while he makes valiant efforts to argue for the cultural and literary importance of the Memoirs, his lengthy exegesis of this labyrinthine text adds relatively little to his intellectual portrait of its author.Within three years of his arrival in Jamaica, as an Anglican clergyman, Lindsay had "firmly established his alignment with the creole elite" (117) through his marriage to the daughter of a local planter. Although it is clear from Higman's analyses of a number of Lindsay's extant sermons that the latter took his clerical duties seriously, his lifestyle was a fairly leisured one, allowing him to devote much of his energy to the study of Jamaica's tropical fauna and flora. The liveliest and most illuminating chapter of ProsUvery Priest not only discusses Lindsay's studies, particularly his unpublished and profusely illustrated "Elegancies of Jamaica" (completed in 1770), but places him within the context of his intellectual contemporaries, who "knew Jamaica not only as a source of great wealth through sugar and slavery but also as the home of an exotic tropical world which had contributed fundamentally to the study of nature", and in which these scholarly colonists felt "neither marginal nor isolated" (150) in relation to metropolitan scientific circles. …


Aza-allyl lithium [LiN (R)C ((superscript t)Bu)CHR]2 (R=SiMe3) reacted with NiCl2 or TiCl4 to produce a coupling meso-compound [N(SiMe3)C((superscript t)Bu)CH(SiMe3)]2 (1), or with CoCl2, FeCl2 (mole ratio 2:1) to produce complex 1,3-bis (trimethylsilyl)-2-t-butyl-aza-allyl cobalt(Ⅱ) (2) and 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)-2-t-butyl-aza-allyl iron(Ⅱ) (3) respectively. Compounds 1, 2 and 3 were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H and 13C NMR spectra and X-ray single crystal diffraction. The results show that the compound 1 belongs to the triclinic space group P(average)1. A centro-symmetric dimer aggregation is observed with the two moiety positioned in trans manner. The complex 2 belongs to the monoclinic space group C2/c. The molecular structure of 2 is rigorous centro-symmetry. The six coordination atoms of two 1-aza-allyl ligands organize the distorted octahedral field of central cobalt atom. The structure of 3 is similar to complex 2.


This paper describes the earning activities of Rural Women Farmers in Ekiti Kwara to identify processes of food production and Agriculture within a farming season.200 farmers were examined through the use of questionnaire administration. Results were processed through the use of simple tabulations and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that that 75.5% of the respondents have access to land for farming while the remaining 24.5% not to have a land of their own ,but they are those that depend on either family lands or go on leasing from other land owners. Apart from their mothering roles, women here are contributing heavily to nutritional development, farm employment and food security. About 54.5% of the women farmers in the study area provides food for their household; topmost in their farm productions are in the area of vegetables, fruits livestock and fishery. However, income earnings from farm is generally low due to the subsistent nature of their production .The result of the stepwise multiple regression showed that about 75.69% differences in the variation of women participation is explained by three variables of supplementing income, debt servicing measure and food security respectively and appropriate recommendations are presented accordingly.


This is a reading of the film Waking Life (2001) in the framework of the Indic philosophy of 'Vedanta,' more specifically the 'Advaita' or the non-dual school of Vedanta. The film's narrative is constructed out of the protagonist's dreamscapes. The itinerant protagonist moves through conversations within his dreams, trying to make sense of his 'wake walking' situation. These conversations take the form of a more significant philosophical reflection upon the conscious life of humans. In this paper, I analyze some of these conversations and discussions from the Advaita point of view to affirm the film's orientation towards a spiritual and metaphysical reflection on human life.


Abstract : The mechanical properties of three titanium-base alloys were investigated, and based on the properties obtained, these alloys should be considered for use in applications requiring tough, high strength, lightweight materials. The effect of heat treatment variables on the mechanical properties of all three alloys, and the effect of additions of O, C, N, and B on the properties of alloy C were determined. Variations in heat treatment resulted in a wide range of strength and toughness. Additions of O, C, N, and B to alloy C reduced toughness at low strength levels and, with the exception of boron, increased the maximum strength attained. (Author)


In multi-carrier systems, dynamic resource allocation (DRA) has been developed to improve system throughput by taking the benefit of channel variance among users. For practical use, it is important for DRA algorithms to be both fair and efficient. Resource allocation algorithms are measured in terms of fairness and efficiency; then, a new scheduling algorithm (MRR algorithm) considering a user's QoS provision is proposed. The MRR (minimum rate request) algorithm is designed to meet individual user's minimum required rate while maximizing the fairness and efficiency of the whole system. Simulation results have proved that the new algorithm can reach its target with fairly good fairness and efficiency.


Hypoxia-sensitive gene expression in the gastrocnemius muscle following chronic hind limb ischemia Andrew Tilton Chronic ischemia, caused by the formation atherosclerotic plaque occlusions in major conduit arteries, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in western societies. Vascular remodeling can help compensate for the adverse effects of atherosclerotic plaque formation. Vascular remodeling relies heavily on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a critical protein that contributes to all forms of vascular formation and remodeling including angiogenesis 1 , arteriogenesis 2 and vasculogenesis 3. VEGF itself is up-regulated by the transcription factor, hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), which becomes activated in low oxygen environments. Through the use of animal chronic hindlimb ischemia models, these genes can be evaluated as potential therapeutic targets for chronic ischemia. A modified hindlimb ischemia surgery that we evaluated significantly increases VEGF expression, but does not cause an up-regulation of HIF-1α. This research lays the foundation for further investigation into the animal chronic hindlimb ischemia model by providing the necessary protocols and molecular biology techniques. The next step in this line of research should focus on protein quantification in the gastrocnemius muscle and verification of the gene expression profile described in this report. 1 : the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels 2 : the increase in diameter of pre-existing vessels in order to accommodate for greater flow through them 3 : the growth of new blood vessels via de novo generation of endothelial cells iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS


To improve the storage space of finite automata on regular expression matching, the paper researches the main idea of the delayed input DFA algorithm based on bounding default path, and analyses the algorithm problem when bounding small length default path. Then we propose optimized algorithm based on weight first principle and node first principle and assess them on the actual rule set, the results show that the optimized algorithm could effectively improve the compression ratio when the default path is bounded small.


Premise of the study: Due to lack of success in clearing whole tissues using only classical clearing techniques (e.g., Heir's 4 ½ solution, KOH, NaOH, lactic acid saturated with chloral hydrate), and because tissue degradation is often a result of harsh clearing agents (e.g., KOH, NaOH), a novel combined treatment was sought to improve the removal of obscuring tannins from intact haustoria. Methods and Results: Stockwell's bleach proved to be useful in removing tannins from haustoria, usually within 3 d (up to 10 d), rendering them opaque to (rarely) translucent. After bleaching, haustoria were successfully cleared in 1–3 d in a solution of lactic acid saturated with chloral hydrate at 42°C Conclusions: The two-step clearing protocol reported here will now facilitate structural studies on haustoria, such as those examining the presence and distribution of callose, and three-dimensional reconstmction using confocal microscopy. Tissues in this study did not suffer from the degradation in quality observed using harsher treatments. This protocol should be useful for other difficult-to-clear tissues that are unable to be cleared using classical protocols alone.


This paper addresses several issues which are novel in respect of the rapidly-evolving state of the art of low-terahertz radars: firstly, the sensitivity available from currently-available radars, secondly the likely effects of source noise and thirdly the effects of the fact that even relatively small targets, like people, occupy more than one resolution cell, as a consequence of the high resolutions which can be used to obtain 'quasi imaging' performance at these wavelengths. The power budget for a state-of-the-art 300GHz frequency-modulated continuous wave radar is presented, including consideration of the effects of oscillator noise. It is shown that the sensitivity of the system will not be significantly affected by oscillator noise.


Acoustic antennas in the form of active phased arrays have long been utilized to steer acoustic waves in both air and water. Although acceptable, these antennas form electrically complex, bulky structures. Acoustic leaky wave antennas have recently emerged as a method to achieve directional steering using a minimal number of active transducers coupled to an analog metamaterial aperture. In this study, a two-dimensional air-acoustic leaky wave antenna, coupled to only four sources, is shown to steer acoustic energy within a full three-dimensional space while also providing significant savings in terms of size, weight, and cost. By careful selection of the analog geometry, the aperture has the capability to produce a wide range of holographic acoustic images.


We examine the dynamics of two-dimensional steep and breaking standing waves generated by Faraday-wave resonance. Jiang et al. (1996) found a steep wave with a double-peaked crest in experiments and a sharp-crested steep wave in computations. Both waveforms are strongly asymmetric in time and feature large superharmonics. We show experimentally that increasing the forcing amplitude further leads to breaking waves in three recurrent modes (period tripling): sharp crest with breaking, dimpled or flat crest with breaking, and round crest without breaking. Interesting steep waveforms and period-tripled breaking are related directly to the nonlinear interaction between the fundamental mode and the second temporal harmonic. Unfortunately, these higher-amplitude phenomena cannot be numerically modelled since the computations fail for breaking or nearly breaking waves. Based on the periodicity of Faraday waves, we directly estimate the dissipation due to wave breaking by integrating the support force as a function of the container displacement. We find that the breaking events (spray, air entrainment, and plunging) approximately double the wave dissipation.


Lauromacromia melanica sp. nov. from Conceicao da Barra municipality, Espirito Santo State, Brazil, is described and illustrated based on two males (both in MNRJ no 135). The new species is similar to L. picinguaba differing from it mainly by the absence of pale spots on S3–6 and by the ellipsoid shape of metepisternal pale stripe. A key for males of all species of the genus is provided. A cladistic analysis encompassing 43 external morphological male characters carried out in two distinct procedures, the first with all characters unordered and the second with two or three state characters ordered. The unordered analysis generated only one most-parsimonious tree (66 steps of length, CI = 0.69, RI = 0.62). The hypothesis of monophyly of Lauromacromia is supported and includes three groups, one formed by the Atlantic Forest species ( L. melanica sp. nov. + L. picinguaba ), and another by the Cerrado species ( L. flaviae + ( L. bedei + L. luismoojeni )), and L. dubitalis , positioned in polytomy with these two groups. The ordered analysis also generated only one most-parsimonious tree (68 steps of length, CI = 0.70, RI = 0.67), which maintained the monophyly of Lauromacromia but L. dubitalis positioned basally as sister-group to the Atlantic Forest + Cerrado species groups. The geographic distribution of Lauromacromia is updated with a new record of L. luismoojeni based on one adult male (Brazil: Mato Grosso do Sul State) and probable first Brazilian records for L. dubitalis (Amazonas and Para States) based on two larvae. A vicariance hypothesis is proposed to explain spatial evolution of Lauromacromia, and based on current biogeographical classifications we consider Gomphomacromia and Rialla apart from Neotropical biota. Some aspects of biology and ecology of Lauromacromia are also discussed.


There is considerable interest in the antihypertensive potential of supplemental dietary calcium in salt-sensitive hypertension. Previously we reported that very high dietary calcium (4.0% vs. 0.4%) lowers mean arterial pressure in Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) hypertensive rats. However, we have recently observed that more moderate calcium supplementation (2.0% vs. 0.4%) increases mean arterial pressure in DS rats. To further evaluate the pressor action of 2.0% versus 0.4% calcium, we tested for effects of 2.0% calcium in female DS rats fed low (0.2%), moderate (1.0%), and high (2.7%) sodium and in Dahl salt-resistant (DR) rats fed high sodium from 6 to 12 weeks old (n = 10–13 rats per group). At 12 weeks, 2.0% calcium increased mean arterial pressure and the cardiac ventricular weight/body weight ratio in DS rats fed high sodium (p < 0.05) but not in DS rats fed low or moderate sodium or in DR rats fed high sodium. Ganglionic blockade decreased mean arterial pressure in all groups but failed to abolish or attenuate the difference in mean arterial pressure between high sodium-fed DS rats on 2.0% and 0.4% calcium diets. In the same DS rats fed a high sodium diet, 2.0% calcium increased systemic pressor responsiveness to graded norepinephrine administration after ganglionic blockade. Thus, 2.0% supplemental calcium intake enhances salt-induced hypertension in DS rats. This prohypertensive action of 2.0% calcium is dependent on a critically high level of between 1.0% and 2.7% sodium in the diet. The mechanism of this prohypertensive action of 2.0% calcium does not appear to be either increased sympathetic neural activity or increased responsiveness to norepinephrine since it remains intact after ganglionic blockade. The present study provides evidence that dietary calcium supplementation has the potential for increasing arterial pressure even in a model of hypertension induced by high dietary salt.


Malignant diseases,cerebrovascular diseases,and heart diseases have ranked the top 3causes of death in urban China over the past decade.Due to lack of effective prevention and control method,malignant diseases are currently the major cause of death prior to the average life span in China.A focus of modern medicine is to explore the risk factors and the progression of malignant diseases.Community-based epidemiological research on malignancies lays a foundation for accurately determining the incidences,mortalities,and their changes,assessing disease burden of malignancies,exploring the etiological factors and their evolutionary rule,conducting pertinent prophylaxis,and evaluating the therapeutic efficacy.The key for etiological research of malignant diseases is to understand the dynamic interactions between environmental risk factors and the genetic susceptibility.The etiological factors and important biomarkers for early diagnosis of malignant diseases should be further verified in community-based cohort studies.Community-based population medical research possesses particular advantages in evaluating the effect of clinical interventions on survival of patients with malignancies.Enforcement of community-based population medicine is of great public health significance in reducing the incidence and improving the survival of patients with malignant diseases.


Effective budget controls are crucial for the provision of affordable healthcare at public hospitals. There has been a problem of overspending or underspending budgets in public hospitals. This has negatively impacted the delivery of health services. The study aimed to improve the effectiveness of budget control in public hospitals. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of budget control in public hospitals in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The study used quantitative research method. A sample size of 120 participants was drawn from a population of 240 participants. Survey questionnaire was used to collect data from participants in the public hospitals. The results of the study showed that budget control is a management challenge in public hospitals in Limpopo Province. The study recommends that all hospital executives and responsibility managers within the hospital be developed through a work-based learning programme on the effectiveness of budget control in public hospitals.


AbstractIt might be more accurate, perhaps, to say that the rate of interest is a highly conventional, rather than a highly psychological phenomenon. For its actual value is largely governed by the prevailing view as to what its value is expected to be. Any level of interest which is accepted with sufficient conviction as likely to be durable will be durable& J. M. Keynes (1936, p. 203)


Methods for fabricating LED chips from a wafer and devices fabricated using the methods with one method comprising depositing LED epitaxial layers on an LED growth wafer to form a plurality of LEDs on the growth wafer. A single crystalline phosphor is bonded over at least some the plurality of LEDs so that at least some light from the covered LEDs passes through the single crystalline phosphor and is converted. The LED chips can then be singulated from the wafer to provide LED chips each having a portion of said single crystalline phosphor to convert LED light.


T hunting of big game in prehistory has always been thought of as an activity that would be carried out by strong and able men, who would have the role of meatwinners (since there was no bread at that time), while women were busy taking care of young children and picking up some berries and a few other sundries that would then complement a diet based primarily on big game meat. Hence the importance of 'Man the Hunter,' and the lessregarded and dependent role of 'Woman the Gatherer.' Owen demonstrates that this simply was not true. The image described above was created by multiple factors, such as ethnographic accounts written by men who studied hunter-gatherer groups in the present day—Owen's examples of these focus mainly on high-latitude groups in North America—and the fact that, until recently, big game remains were more easily appreciated by archaeologists in general to name just a couple. This volume shows that, most likely, the role of large game hunting in Paleolithic subsistence was actually rather limited when compared to those activities thought to be—until recently—much less important and relevant than large game oriented hunting. If we were to believe the accounts that support the aforementioned image, we would have to admit also that Paleolithic men were clearly over-worked, even during old age. The very same 'Man-the-Hunter' was not only busy hunting, but also was the sole tool maker—because many researchers assume that women did not produce stone tools—and that these same men were the only ones who protected their kin and the site, even when away hunting. Particular enlightening here is that Owen shows that the concept of men being the only ones who manufactured stone tools is an assumption made even by contemporary skilled female flintknappers. This illustrates, of course, how deeply entrenched these ideas presently are, even for people who are active in the field and can clearly see and document that women also can flintknap and make good caliber tools. Distorting the Past early on lays out the extent to which ethnographic reports are biased and offer inaccurate data. This is, in fact, one of the factors that make Owen's study an important contribution to archaeological research and to the study of the Paleolithic, not just in terms of gender issues, but more generally speaking. Ethnographic reports have two different types of problems. The earliest reports were written primarily by men, who would have brief encounters (if any at all) with the groups they were writing about—and supposedly mostly, if not only, encounters with the men of the group. These reports were based on unsystematic observations mainly about activities carried out by men, due to the fact that feminine activities were considered rather irrelevant. Later studies suffered from the fact that the groups observed had been in contact with "the modern world" for centuries, and thus did not resemble the groups that were being ultimately studied in many ways, i.e., the prehistoric hunter-gatherers. Owen offers examples of case-studies that demonstrate that many of the these two types of reports are simply incorrect. Owen's review of these ethnographies questions many stereotypical ideas usually taken for granted by archaeologists and it offers examples of many accounts which lay out the concepts that resulted in the transfer of generalizations often applied to men and women in the modern world to their counterparts in the Paleolithic. What is important to note is that these accounts have not been written by men alone, as there are cases where the authors or co-authors are women. I must admit that a few of these accounts are really funny, but the smile they produced disappeared rapidly, when I considered that while most women working on the Paleolithic would not believe such concepts for a minute, perhaps other people who read these accounts from personal interest, as well as younger students, might well believe the accounts to be accurate. Thus is perpetuated the erroneous ideas that nowadays plague the field. Distorting the Past is largely centered on studying the activities often associated with women (gathering, hunting small game, fishing, etc.) and offers extremely detailed studies of these tasks. It stresses their importance not only in terms of dietary factors, but also notes that these activities supply those groups with materials that were used to make clothing, containers, tools, etc. The analyses of the activities and their importance, using a vast array of information sources, clearly show that the traditional feminine activities had much more importance in terms of subsistence than generally thought. It also makes clear that assumptions about female biology and the typical factors which are usually put forward to attribute to them the roles of gatherers, child bearers, and minders, and to disassociate them from any prominent roles in the subsistence strategies of their group are more the excuses that support biased accounts and studies than solid data from ethnographic or archaeological investigations. In many cases, these claims are supported by little or no evidence at all, and in most of them, they are gross generalizations which are clearly false, as these factors and their effects vary greatly in the way they affect women's lives.


BACKGROUND:
Breast cancer is the second most common in women, and it was estimated approximately 167 million of new cases in breast cancer in 2012 (25% of total cancer). The breast cancer in Asia is escalating more rapidly than in the west, for instance, in Singapore the Age-Standardized Incidence Rate (ASR) of breast cancer had increased from 202 per 100,000/year between 1968 and 1972 to 549 per 100,000/year between 1998 and 2002. Breast cancer was also a common cancer in women in India. The incidence of breast cancer in India in 2012 amounted to 48,998 people (30.5%) of the total 160,833 people affected by cancer. The mortality rate 19,750 people or 21.5% of total mortality caused by cancer are 92,821 people. The prevalence of breast cancer in Indonesia for latest 5 years was 171,005 (41.7%). Although several non-invasive techniques have been developed for the treatment of cancers, surgery is the gold standard for most of life-threatening diseases. Surgery for operable breast cancer has evolved a long way since W. Halsted first described this malignancy. The type of surgery depends on the stage of the breast cancer at the time and surgeon's choice. The different surgical treatment options available include simple mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy and breast conservation surgery. Among these procedures, modified radical mastectomy (MRM) is the most commonly performed procedures (in about 70% women). Seroma, an accumulation of fluid can infrequently occur after any surgical procedures and is the most prevalent postoperative sequel after breast surgery, with an incident of 10% to 85% leading to significant morbidity and discomfort and possibly delaying adjuvant therapy. An ideal skin flaps fixation will minimize the intrusion of lymph fluid and serum leakage, provide a way of holding the skin flaps safely to the structure of the chest wall, obliterate the dead space and allows the intrusion more quickly that are formed. A number of fixation techniques of skin flaps or wound drainage necessary to be conducted, as well as restriction of shoulder movement of post-operative and the using of glue, have been studied to improve primary healing and to minimize the production of seroma. The study was to evaluate the effect of obliteration of dead space with suture fixation of mastectomy skin flaps on chest wall so as to prevent the
incidence of seroma formation.
Seroma:
Seroma is defined as a serous fluid collection that develops under the skin flaps during mastectomy or in the axillary dead space after axillary dissection (Pogson et al, 2003). Seroma formation generally begins on the seventh day post surgery, reaches a peak rate of growth on the eighth day and slows continuously until the sixteenth day when it generally resolves (Menton and Roemer, 1990).
METHODS:
Patients undergoing flap fixation had flaps anchored to the underlying muscle using multiple rows of interrupted 2/0 polyglactin (vicryl) sutures. Sutures were placed approximately 2.5 cm apart and all sutures were buried. Care was taken not to include the long thoracic nerve in the suture when anchoring the axillary flaps. Patients having drainage had one or two suction drains sited beneath the mastectomy flaps and in the axilla (if axillary dissection was performed). Drains were removed when draining less than 20 ml of serous fluid for two consecutive days. The effect of flap fixation over early drain removal and seroma formation are studied.
OBSERVATION AND INFERENCE:
50 (25 +25) consecutive patients admitted to the Institute of General Surgery, RGGGH were studied. The post operative day of drain removal done for cases : about 4% in 3rd pod, 76% in 4th pod, 20% in 5th pod.
The post operative day of drain removal for controls : about 4% on 4th pod, 20% on 5th pod 28% on 6th pod 36% on 7th pod 12%on 8th pod.
About 8% cases developed seroma. About 20% controls developed seroma.
DISCUSSION:
This study demonstrates that reduction of the dead space after mastectomy using flap fixation reduces seroma formation and seroma aspirations. For many decades, breast surgeons have used closed suction drainage to reduce dead space. However, seroma formation and its sequelae continued to cause postoperative problems in these patients, proving that wound drainage is insufficient in combating seroma. Flap fixation combined with low suction drainage significantly reduces seroma formation and the need for seroma aspiration after mastectomy.
The key to reducing seroma formation seems to partly lie in the obliteration of dead space. However, the techniques used to achieve this goal are subject of much controversy and debate. In a randomised controlled study, it was difficult to elucidate whether reducing the dead space or ligation of lymphatics or a combination of both were responsible for reduction of seroma formation. The extent of the dissection plane seems to be an important factor in seroma
formation and therefore, obliteration of dead space in patients undergoing mastectomy or modified radical mastectomy seems to be pivotal. Pressure garments or compression bandages are not effective in combating seroma; however, quilting of the skin flaps or skin flap fixation seems to be much more effective. Different techniques have been employed to obliterate the dead space (under flaps and the axilla) to reduce seroma formation. Halsted first advocated creating a short superior flap and suturing it with interrupted silk to the fascia below the first rib and skin grafting the remaining part of the defect. In 1951, Orr used tension sutures tied over rubber tubing bolsters to tack flaps to the chest wall. In 1953, Keyes et al. used through and through sutures to attach the skin flaps to the chest wall. Besides these techniques, suturing of flaps with subcutaneous tissue, avoiding use of axillary drains following breast conservation therapy, and obliterating axillary dead space by muscle approximation have all been tried for reducing seroma formation. Coveney et al. compared suturing skin flaps to underlying muscle with conventional skin closure and observed a lower incidence of seroma formation in the flap suture group, although flap suturing did add to total operating time. A recent randomized study compared a combination of skin flap suturing, ligation of lymphatics and obliteration of axillary dead space to conventional skin closure
after mastectomy. As a result, the incidence of seroma formation decreased to 2% with the combination of techniques. Although effective, the authors stated that it was impossible to determine which of the three techniques, or any combination, actually produced the observed effect. Mechanical pressure has also been applied to obliterate dead space following surgery. The use of a pressure garment does not reduce postoperative drainage and has low tolerance and a higher complication rate.
CONCLUSION:
Flap fixation is a surgical technique that reduces the dead space in patients undergoing mastectomy for invasive breast cancer or DCIS. It appears to reduce the occurrence of seroma and the need for seroma aspirations.


The use of Fibonacci series to guide the photovoltaic power generation to realize the Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT) method is described,the search method can be applied to time-varying characteristics of the PV photovoltaic arrays.The method uses the Fibonacci series to realize MPPT search algorithm to achieve the simplification of real-time control,the advantage is in non-uniform or the changing sunlight conditions,it can also achieve tracking the maximum power point fast and accurately.Theoretical analysis and simulation show that the algorithm with good performance and rapid reaction.The method can also be applied to all kinds of photovoltaic power plant conversion,including the DC/DC and DC/AC converters.This method requires neither the measurement of temperature and the insolation level nor precise model of photovoltaic modules.New methods ralative to the current widespread adoption incremental conductance and other conventional methods,it has the features of wide search range,and in most cases can track the entire photovoltaic array′s real maximum power point,simulation and experimental results show that the method is feasible.


Power Laws, Scaling, Universal Crossover.- Part I: Basic Theoretical Techniques: From a Microscopic Description to Simple Models.- The Noninteracting Gaussian Chain.- The Cluster Expansion.- Grand Canonical Description of Solutions at Finite Concentration.- Breakdown of the Expansions in the Excluded Volume Region.- Continuous Chain Model and Naive Two Parameter Theory. Part II: Renormalization Group and Scaling: The Renormalization Group.- Scaling Theory.- More Complicated Interactions. Part III: Field Theoretic Formulation of the Theory: Renormalized Perrturbation Theory.- Dimensional Regularization and Minimal Subtraction.- Quantitative Form of the Renormalization Ground Mapping.- The Renormalized Tree Approximation. Part IV: One Loop Approximation: Detailed Results and Comparison to Experiment: Dilute Limit.- Details on Internal Structure of Isolated Coils.- Thermodynamic Quantities for Finite Overlap.- Density Autocorrelation at Finite Overlap.- The Density Cumulant.- Summarizing Overview. Part V: Special Topics: The Theta-Region.- Multicomponent Solutions.


Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/marine_sci Part of the Biology Commons, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment Commons, Environmental Monitoring Commons, Marine Biology Commons, Natural Resources and Conservation Commons, Natural Resources Management and Policy Commons, Oceanography Commons, Plant Biology Commons, and the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons


This paper revisits a classical scenario in communication theory: a waveform sampled at regular intervals is to be encoded so as to minimize distortion in its reconstruction, despite the noise. This transformation must be online (causal), to enable real-time signaling, and should use no more power than the original signal. The noise model we consider is an atomic norm convex relaxation of the standard (discrete alphabet) Hamming-weight-bounded model, namely adversarial <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-bounded. In the block coding (noncausal) setting, such encoding is possible due to the existence of large almost-Euclidean sections in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> spaces, a notion first studied in the work of Dvoretzky in 1961. Our main result is that an analogous result is achievable even casually. Equivalently, our work may be seen as a lower triangular version of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> Dvoretzky theorems. In terms of communication, the guarantees are expressed in terms of certain time-weighted norms: the time-weighted <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> norm imposed on the decoder forces increasingly accurate reconstruction of the distant past signal, while the time-weighted <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> norm on the noise ensures vanishing interference from distant past noise. Encoding is linear (hence easy to implement in analog hardware). Decoding is performed by an LP analogous to those used in compressed sensing.


Due to the great uncertainty of railway emergencies, it is difficult for the management departments to manage and control the rescue process and time. Therefore, this paper establishes an emergency rescue graphical evaluation review technique stochastic (GERTS) network to predict the rescue time based on the logical relationship between the rescue processes. Considering the uncertainty of on-site information at the early stage of an emergency, Bayesian networks (BN) are combined with intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) to construct intuitionistic fuzzy Bayesian networks (IFBN) for emergency rescue decision inference. The direct fuzzy numbers of the probabilities of the IFBN output nodes are introduced into GERTS as branching probabilities of the network nodes, increasing its ability to express uncertainty. Finally, the network logic is modeled in MATLAB and Monte Carlo ideas are adopted for the selection of branching activities according to the branching probabilities, and the network simulation results are statistically analyzed to obtain the expected time for the whole rescue process. By predicting the emergency rescue time, it can provide a basis for the adjustment of the travel plan and assist emergency managers in making scientific decisions.


Many of the spaces that we inhabit have histories of creative content production, the houses we live in, the places we frequent, the places we work and the environment that forms our home. Some creative content can be accessed through our physical archives of books, images and moving pictures, however, this takes time to search and retrieve data from. This project is built on the concept of capturing some of the creative content produced linked to the physical places in which they were composed. This paper describes the design of a system for students to create and discover media in relation to their physical location. The idea behind the system is to facilitate the creation of informal creative learning communities through virtual spaces enabled by location based technologies. Therefore to encourage students to share, disseminate and discover creative artifacts linked to the places in which they are living. The paper outlines how the tool could be used in particular learning and teaching contexts and describes the plan for evaluating the tool over the duration of 2011.


A computer-based system for autornufical/y classifying scientific articles is described. The unique feature of this syston is that its structure is completely determined by rifation patterns in tile Science Citation Index. These citation patterns give rise to clusters or clumps of cited papers which correspond, in turn, t o clusters of citing papers. ClmsiJicalioii headings for each cluster are determined by examination o f high frequency wordpairs dra~vzfrom the tities of the citing papers. Classification of a new article is ye~for~i~c~dautomaticalfy by determining what clusters i f cites and assigning ap,wopriate (wei&~ed) subject headings to it. The system will permit upduting o f thc c l m s ~ ~ c a t i o n scheme on un aiznual basis, and tire incorporation of new lread'ngs aud deletion of old ones.


OBJECTIVE To gain insight into the characteristics of communicable diseases in Henan oil-field and provide a scientific basis for making up strategies for the prevention and control of communicable diseases.METHODS Analysis was conducted on normal data of epidemic situation from notifiable communicable diseases report system in Henan oil-field from 2004 to 2008.RESULTS From 2004 to 2008,total 491 cases in 14 categories with Type B and C of communicable diseases were reported in Henan oil-field,with an average incidence rate of 112.83/100 000,no type A communicable disease was found.Communicable diseases were mainly composed of intestine infectious diseases and respiratory infectious disease.CONCLUSION Prevention and control of intestine infectious disease and respiratory infectious disease are the keys and difficult points in the prevention and control in the future.Surveillance should be reinforced on the control of virus hepatitis,bacillary dysentery and tuberculosis.


Though the Medium-voltage (MV) grid-connected <italic>solid-state-transformer</italic> (<italic>SST</italic>) based plug-in electric-vehicle fast-charging station (PEV-FCS) solutions provide a reduction in grid side current-stress, integration of solar-power in such <italic>SST</italic>-based PEV-FCS (which can potentially reduce grid side current-stress further) and its implementation with grid-compliant control is not explored in literature. In this paper, an adaptive automatic generation control supportive maximum power point tracking (AGCS-MPPT) technique for solar-power integration is proposed and experimentally validated for a bidirectional <italic>SST</italic>-based PEV-FCS while following the EN 50530 standard's testing sequence. Respective European and Californian MPPT efficiencies (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\xi _{Euro}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\xi _{CEC}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) of 99.50%, 99.55% and 99.49%, 99.55% are observed for solar-power integration through AGCS-MPPT technique during G2V and V2G functional modes of the PEV-FCS, which are better compared to those of state-of-the-art technique (SoAT) and improved perturb and observe (P&O) MPPT algorithms. Unlike the SoAT and P&O, the AGCS-MPPT algorithm assists the PEV-FCS in adhering to the utility grid's power ramp-rate constraint while integrating intermittent solar-power, both during <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\xi _{Euro}$</tex-math></inline-formula>-test and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\xi _{CEC}$</tex-math></inline-formula>-test sequences. The AGCS-MPPT also displays excellent MPPT efficiency (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim$</tex-math></inline-formula>99.2%) and solar-power integration performance during the dynamic-test sequence as per EN 50530 standard. Grid side current's THD <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$< $</tex-math></inline-formula>2.2% and near unity power-factor (UPF) at grid side are observed during the experimentation of PEV-FCS under various solar-power penetrations.


Wood is one of the most abundant biomaterials on Earth, which has been used for centuries in construction applications including furniture, roofing, flooring, and cabinetry. However, wood chips—which are a low-quality and plentiful waste byproduct of lumber milling, woodworking, and shipping operations—have low economic value and complicated disposal methods. In this paper, we propose a strategy for wood chip reuse through the fabrication of bio-based building insulation foam. Through a high-temperature chemical treatment delignification process, we introduced additional small pores within the wood chips, effectively lowering their thermal conductivity, and used them in combination with a binding agent to produce a porous insulation foam. The porous insulation foam achieved a low thermal conductivity of 0.038 W/(m·K) and a high compressive strength of 1.1 MPa (70% strain). These characteristics demonstrate that wood waste can be repurposed into an effective building material, addressing challenges in both waste management and sustainable construction.


The popularity of online social platforms has also determined the emergence of violent and abusive behaviors reflecting real life issues into the digital arena. Cyberbullying, Internet banging, pedopornography, sexting are examples of these behaviors, as witnessed in the social media environments. Several studies have shown how to approximately detect those behaviors by analyzing the social interactions and in particular the content of the exchanged messages. The features considered in the models basically include detection of o ensive language through NLP techniques and vocabularies, social network structural measures and, if available, user context information. Our goal is to investigate those users who adopt offensive language and hate speech in Twitter by analyzing their profile pictures. Results show that violent people smile less and they are dominating by anger, fear and sadness.


Nucleocidin is one of the very few natural products known to contain fluorine. Mysteriously, the nucleocidin producer Streptomyces calvus ATCC 13382 has not been observed to synthesize the compound since its discovery in 1956. Here, we report that complementation of S. calvus ATCC 13382 with a functional bldA‐encoded Leu‐tRNAUUA molecule restores the production of nucleocidin. Nucleocidin was detected in culture extracts by 19F NMR spectroscopy, HPLC‐ESI‐MS, and HPLC‐continuum source molecular absorption spectroscopy for fluorine‐specific detection. The molecule was purified from a large‐scale culture and definitively characterized by NMR spectroscopy and high‐resolution MS. The nucleocidin biosynthetic gene cluster was identified by the presence of genes encoding the 5′‐O‐sulfamate moiety and confirmed by gene disruption. Two of the genes within the nucleocidin biosynthetic gene cluster contain TTA codons, thus explaining the dependence on bldA and resolving a 60‐year‐old mystery.


Let H be a separable Hilbert space, BH(I), B(H) and K(H) the sets of all Bessel sequences {fi}i2I in H, bounded linear operators on H and compact operators on H, respectively. Two kinds of multiplications and involutions are introduced in light of two isometric linear isomorphisms αH : BH(I) → B(l 2 ), β : BH(I) → B(H), respectively, so that BH(I) becomes a unital C -algebra under each kind of multiplication and involution. It is proved that the two C -algebras (BH(I), ◦, ♯) and (BH(I), ·, ∗) are ∗-isomorphic. It is also proved that the set FH(I) of all frames for H is a unital multiplicative semi-group and the set RH(I) of all Riesz bases for H is a self-adjoint multiplicative group, as well as the set KH(I) := β 1 (K(H)) is the unique proper closed self-adjoint ideal of the C -algebra BH(I).


From the point of view of ecologic-economic anthropology,the hunting economy of the Ethnic Orogens is a compound economy of adaptability to the forest ecological system.As far as the hunting economy corresponds to the forest ecological system,it is not backward than the others;Hunting economy is also a multiple-product economy,but not a single-product economy;Hunting economy can also become a modern-product economy,but at the same time,that means it will go beyond the limits of forest ecological rule and fall into decay.


Deep learning has made breakthrough progress in image recognition, target detection and tracking in recent years. It is proved too good at classification tasks. In this paper, we have compared use of Convolutional neural network(CNN), VGG16, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Bidirectional LSTM to perform offline handwriting New Tai Lue Characters recognition. These methods have been tested on a dataset build by our laboratory. For testing purpose 58795 samples including 9834 test samples of handwriting New Tai Lue Characters are used in these experiments. The experimental results show that the recognition rates are 91.23%, 89.33%, 92.78% for CNN, VGG16 and LSTM. Moreover, the best recognition result is obtained with the Bidirectional LSTM based method, whose recognition rate is 94.87% on the dataset.


A Novel electrical method, using charge-pumping (CP) technique under bias thermal stress (BTS), has been described in this work. This technique is based on the measurement of the flat-band voltage before and after an applied voltage at high temperature through the use of charge-pumping current. The measured flat band shift, that may be due to effect of certain types of the oxide charges, may be used to detect these types of oxide charges and to determine their densities.


Edwidge Danticat created two black female characters successfully in Breath,Eyes,Memory,the mother Martine and her daughter Sophie.Martine was raped,and had to leave hometown.She couldn't break down the moral barriers under the Haiti patriarchal social system.At last,she was distraught.Sophie stayed between the reality and dreams,and her mother's experience and testing almost caused her nervous breakdown.Martine and Sophie were abandoned in an alien world,and couldn't pour out,and felt breathless with the intense feeling of the absurdity.Towards the absurdity,Martine committed suicide in despair,but Sophie was realistic,bravely faced the absurdity,and sought mental release during revolt.


By examining influential factors of site selection for developing commercial land use, this article gives a detailed research about this question from aspects such as location, society, economy, and politics. First, we discuss the determination role of location in site selection; second, expound the importance of social and economic factor in site selection; third, point out that the politics factor should not be neglected; at last, analyze the influences of these factors with a practical example.


Indian linguistic thought begins around the 8 th-6 th centuries BC with the composition of Padapāṭhas (word-for-word recitation of Vedic texts where phonological rules are not applied). It took various forms over these twenty-six centuries and involved different languages (Ancient, Middle and Modern Indo-Aryan as well as Dravidian languages). The greater part of documented thought is related to Sanskrit (Ancient Indo-Aryan). Very early, the oral transmission of sacred texts-the Vedas, composed in Vedic Sanskrit-made it necessary to develop techniques based on a subtle analysis of language. The Vedas also-but presumably later-gave birth to bodies of knowledge dealing with language, which are traditionally called Vedāṅgas: phonetics (śikṣā), metrics (chandas), grammar (vyākaraṇa) and semantic explanation (nirvacana, nirukta). Later on, Vedic exegesis (mīmāṃsā), new dialectics (navya-nyāya), lexicography (nighaṇṭu and later, kośa) as well as poetics (alaṃkāra) also contributed to linguistic thought. Though languages other than Sanskrit were described in premodern India, the grammatical description of Sanskrit-given in Sanskrit-dominated and influenced them more or less strongly. Sanskrit grammar (vyākaraṇa) has a long history marked by several major steps (Padapāṭha versions of Vedic texts, Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini, Mahābhāṣya of Patanjali, Bhartṛhari's works, Siddhāntakaumudī of Bhaṭṭoji Dīkṣita, Nāgeśa's works) and the main topics it addresses (minimal meaning-bearer units, classes of words, relation between word and meaning/referent, the primary meaning/referent of nouns) are still central issues for contemporary Linguistics.


This very comprehensive two-volume book includes all the butterflies in the Australian faunal subregion: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea. Records from Australian islands outside the subregion are also included in the concluding part of the book. Introductory sections deal with the modern classification of butterflies, morphology of immature and adult stages, geographic distribution, taxonomy, conservation of threatened taxa, methods of collecting, rearing of immatures stages and documentation. The last part of this general section is a check list of the butterflies of Australia. The most comprehensive part of the Braby's book are the five systematic chapters dealing with the families Hesperidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae and Lycaenidae. Satyrinae and Danainae are treated as subfamilies of the Nymphalidae. Details are given of the characteristics of all the subfamilies and genera. The fol lowing details are provided for every species: scientific and common names, detailed description and diagnosis with illustra tions, geographic variation, immature stages, larval food plants, life cycle and behaviour, distribution and habitats (with maps of geographic range in Australia), major references. The book's concluding section consists of six appendices dealing with the following subjects: butterfly species recorded from islands in the Australian faunal subregion and Australian island territories, which are not part of the subregion, list of endangered butter flies important for conservation and legislation, reference list of larval food plants and a list of attendant ants. An extensive glos sary, bibliography and index complete the work. All adults and selected immature stages are illustrated in 70 fascinating colour plates. This outstanding two volume work of Michael F. Braby is the most important definitive guide for the identification of all 397 recorded Australian butterflies. The author follows the best tradition of Australian research on Lepidoptera and has pro duced a magnificent piece of work of great general value. It is also a model book on the application of butterfly studies to habitat conservation and will be highly appreciated by ento mologists and conservationists, not only in Australia.


Human geography's longstanding preoccupation with the intersection of time and space resonates with accounts of urban informal settlements which have indirectly highlighted change over time as a key characteristic; recent postcolonial urban research explores the implications of multiple and dynamic temporalities for marginalised groups in cities of the Global South. Drawing on these debates, this paper applies an explicit focus on the temporal dimension of space in the context of urban informal settlements. Despite decades of research into the marginalised, self-built neighbourhoods which house many urban poor residents in Global Southern cities, these settlements continue to be portrayed in terms of a reductive and simplistic formal/informal dualism, meaning they are often treated as outside 'normal' urban considerations. Based on research in two informal settlements in Xalapa, Mexico, this paper explores residents' perceptions of change over time in order to reveal the multiple temporalities that exist within the city and across these neighbourhoods, offering alternatives to dominant marginalising discourses through the construction of identity over time, and time-bound tactics of resistance. These narratives are contextualised by constraints expressed in diverging or ambivalent accounts; but they suggest going beyond dualistic or nostalgic discourses to frame these neighbourhoods as places in the city.


The utility model discloses a stirring impeller and a stirring groove with the same. The stirring impeller comprises a body and blades, wherein the blades are arranged on the body; the blade surfaces of the blades are curved surfaces, and inner edges of the blades and outer edges of the blades can form predefined angles; and the upper ends of the inner edges and the upper ends of the outer edges are positioned on the same horizontal surface, and the lower ends of the inner edges and the lower ends of the outer edges are positioned on the same horizontal surface. According to the embodiment disclosed by the utility model, the stirring impeller has the advantages that uniformity in stirring is achieved, the stirring effect is good and the like, and the stirring impeller is particularly suitable for stirring high concentration slurry.


An overview of Shoreline library's ESL collection, as well as other ESL classes and online lessons available for students. An overview of the ESL collection and using it for teaching


The paper provides the comparison of three mathematical models of directional crystallization. The one-dimensional models of crystal growth assuming complete mixing in the melt and no mixing in the melt are examined. The mathematical model of crystallization process in cylindrical ampoule, which accounts for crystallization interface movement, convective heat and mass transfer in the solution, diffusion heat and mass transfer in the crystal, is considered. The ranges of growth regime parameters, for which the simplified models are valid, are determined numerically.


Quality of Experience (QoE) is a widely used notion nowadays because the end-user has been re-integrated in the quality loop. Subjective experiments are tedious and time consuming but to date they are the main way to have the human judgment. An important effort has been put on the development of metric estimating the QoE. So, in this paper, we propose a new image quality metric based on two concepts: the interest points and the objects saliency on color images. This metric is constructed by taking advantage of the variability of the interest points impact function of the image impairment and also the hierarchical attention of a human observer. This combination helps in giving more importance to the variability of the most salient regions and reducing the influence of regions having less visual importance. The results show a high correlation between the metric scores and the human judgment and a better quality range than well-known metrics.


The commonly used framework for unsupervised machine translation builds initial translation models of both translation directions, and then performs iterative back-translation to jointly boost their translation performance. The initialization stage is very important since bad initialization may wrongly squeeze the search space, and too much noise introduced in this stage may hurt the final performance. In this paper, we propose a novel retrieval and rewriting based method to better initialize unsupervised translation models. We first retrieve semantically comparable sentences from monolingual corpora of two languages and then rewrite the target side to minimize the semantic gap between the source and retrieved targets with a designed rewriting model. The rewritten sentence pairs are used to initialize SMT models which are used to generate pseudo data for two NMT models, followed by the iterative back-translation. Experiments show that our method can build better initial unsupervised translation models and improve the final translation performance by over 4 BLEU scores. Our code is released at https://github.com/Imagist-Shuo/RRforUNMT.git.


A considerable amount of the e-learning materials produced initially was mostly technology-centred. Consequently, less attention was paid to the learners' cognitive and social activities in the learning process. This paper describes a blended learning module template, based on WebCT Vista, which is to be used for on-campus and distance learning programmes, in Civil Engineering, at the University of Surrey (UniS), UK. The learning environment designed aims to facilitate the emergence of an active Community of Inquiry leading to deep and meaningful learning. The authors assert that making the course available for both on-campus and distance learners simultaneously will trigger collaborative learning activities through using online discussion forums and chat rooms, which will enhance the depth and scope of the learning of both groups. The modular design of the template takes into account the loaded schedules of busy engineering lecturers and it allows them to improve course materials and to develop new learning scenarios to fit the learners' needs, in an easy and flexible way. The authors note that e-learning tools are but one of the means of providing a successful learning experience. Other influential parameters in the learning environment (e.g. teaching and facilitating skills) should be adapted to the demands of blended learning. Finally, the authors recommend adopting broad and inclusive views that take into account both users' and developers' needs and perspectives. This should be related to the development, the improvement and the adaptation of templates and to the actual use of the template for teaching and learning, to the benefit of everyone (faculty, lecturers, e-learning developers and learners).


AbstractEvacuations are the most effective protective strategy adopted to minimize the deadly threat of an incoming hurricane. The study of evacuations has a long history in the United States, and ...


The security system model for the refrigerated poultry production chain (particularly broiler-chicken) is studied in the article. The system model is developed and its economical efficiency is defined in concordance with peculiarities of the poultry production technology.


Being able to reproduce physical phenomena, ranging from light interaction to contact mechanics, simulators are becoming increasingly useful to more and more application domains where real-world interaction or labeled data is difficult to obtain. Despite the gain in attention, it requires significant human effort to configure simulators to accurately reproduce real-world behaviors. We introduce a pipeline that combines inverse rendering with differentiable simulation to create digital twins of real-world articulated mechanisms from depth or RGB videos. Our approach automatically discovers joint types and estimates their kinematic parameters, while the dynamic properties of the overall mechanism are tuned to attain physically accurate simulations. On a real-world coupled pendulum system observed through RGB video, we correctly determine its articulation and simulation parameters, such that its motion can be reproduced accurately in a physics engine. Having learned a simulator from depth video, we demonstrate on a simulated cartpole that a model-predictive controller can leverage such dynamics model to control nonlinear systems. We provide further results and details on our project website at https://eric-heiden.github.io/video2sim. (a) Simulation derived from RGB video (b) Inferred articulation Figure 1: Our proposed framework infers articulated rigid body dynamics simulations from video. In this example, Rott's pendulum is identified from real RGB camera footage of the system in motion. In (a), the original video is compared to the simulated motion in the learned physics engine. In (b), the inferred joints are visualized on the left, where blue cylinders correspond to the axes of the revolute joints. The estimated kinematic tree is shown on the right.


Deviation behaviour of children in elementary school is caused by lack of moral developing on children. The number of children who have negatif moral behaviour increasing every years according to quality and quantity of their behaviour. internal and ekxternal factors could be effect for lack of moral development. The aim of this study was to describe the effect of picture and picture method towards moral development of 10-11 years old children. Methods: The design of this study was pra-experiment with one-group pra-post test. The populasion were 165 students (10-11 years old) in SDN Tanah Kalikedinding Surabaya. Sample were taken by purposive sampling technique (n = 117 responden). Independent variable was picture and picture method, while the dependent variable was moral development. Data were collected by observation sheets, and analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with level Significance α = 0.05. Results: The result showed that picture and picture method could improve the moral developmnet with analyzed by using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test (p < 0.05). Discussion: Picture and picture method can used as an alternative method to improve children's moral development. The future study are expected to use control groups and examine other factors that affects children moral development.


Computational methods developed in fluid mechanics, structural dynamics, heat transfer, nonlinear structural mechanics, shock physics, and many other fields of engineering can be an enormous aid to understanding the complex physical systems they simulate. Often, it is desired to use these simulations as virtual prototypes to obtain an acceptable or optimized design for a particular system. DAKOTA toolkit seeks to enhance the utility of these computational methods by enabling their use as design tools, so that simulations may be used not just for single-point predictions, but also for automated determination of system performance improvements throughout the product life cycle. System performance objectives can be formulated to minimize weight, cost, or defects; to limit a critical temperature, stress, or vibration response; or to maximize performance, reliability, throughput, reconfigurability, agility, or design robustness. A systematic, rapid method of determining these optimal solutions will lead to better designs and improved system performance and will reduce dependence on prototypes and testing, which will shorten the design cycle and reduce development costs. Toward these ends, DAKOTA is a general purpose iterator toolkit for the integration of commercial and in-house analysis capabilities with broad classes of systems analysis tools.


Due to the energy composition of China rich in coal, poor in oil and low in gas, coal will continue to be the main energy source in China for a long time. In order to improve the intelligence level of coal mine and realize the efficient and clean utilization, coal and gangue sorting is the research focus of many experts and scholars. At present, the construction of the intelligent visual coal and gangue separation platform is complex, the algorithm effect is difficult to verify, and the research and development cost is high, which is not conducive to the progress of technology. In this paper, the intelligent visual gangue sorting system is built based on the robot simulator CoppeliaSim, combining the robot virtual simulation technology with intelligent coal gangue separation system. The modeling of the whole system is highly close to the real scene, and is coordinated with the software program, which lays a good foundation for the intelligent coal and gangue separation, provides a new way to solve the problem of system construction, and improves the level of intelligence by using virtual and real methods.


The classical concept of Rukn Nār (Heat) in Unani System of Medicine is recognized as the primordial constituent for life and is compatible with biological nature of living organisms. The present study was done to explore the potential role of Rukn Nār in contexts of the biological and medical analogy. Literature related to Rukn Nār was surveyed from various classical Unani books, journals, proceedings and internet. An attempt was made to compile the views regarding Rukn Nār and to explain the concept in context of biological and medical paradigms, and how Rukn Nār became the integral part of the Unani System of Medicine. After surveying and interpreting the literature, it infers that Rukn Nār has substantial role in continuation of life, and it should be interpreted as a form of energy.


Whenever possible, palliative resection of advanced rectal cancer with distant metastases is the surgical procedure of choice since it provides good relief of local symptoms. If palliative resection is not possible neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is indicated. Despite of neoadjuvant therapy about 5%are irresectable. In these cases local endoscopic procedures as laser, kryotherapy, self expanding metal stents and transanal use of urologic re-sectoscope alone or in combination may be used for control of the obstruction. The last option is a colostomy preferably by a laparoscopic technique. By a sequential use of modern chemotherapy substances survival can be prolonged from 6 to 20 months for stage IV rectal cancer patients.


Abstract The new species Xenolecia cataractarum Fryday is described from Campbell Island. It differs from X. spadicomma, the only other species of the genus, in having much smaller apothecia and ascospores, an olivaceously pigmented epihymenium (brown in X. spadicomma), and a thallus with a non-amyloid medulla and norstictic acid (amyloid medulla and confluentic acid in X. spadicomma). Xenolecia spadicomma is reported here from several localities on the Falkland Islands and three from the Región de Los Lagos, Chile, which are the first reports of this species since its description from Isla Wellington in the south-west of Patagonia in 1868. A full description of X. spadicomma is also provided.


THERE are several reasons why students, at least of the high school and college level, should know no less about the verb "to be" than the complete indicative conjugation of it, and from this conjugation (plus the forms "be" and "being") the various forms of the verb: be, being, am, are, is, was, were, shall be, will be, have been, has been, had been, shall have been, will have been. It is not pretended that in the following points all possible uses are covered or that by any means all the problems explained, but it is hoped that the suggestions may emphasize the reasons why any student wishing to gain a measure of mastery of English must know thoroughly the fourteen forms of that verb.