Antenatal fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns were screened in 634 women with singleton pregnancies at 32 weeks gestation using a microprocessor on‐line. The duration of the record was adjusted according to its character, varying from 10 min with high FHR variation (39% of records) to 45 min with low variation (4.7%). The average duration was 16.7 min. Of the 30 fetuses with the lowest FHR variation (<5th centile), 19 (63%) had a normal outcome. Of the 11 with an abnormal outcome five were born 38 weeks; six were born by caesarean section at 32–34 weeks, resulting in an increased incidence in the group. Analysis of the numbers of accelerations, of decelerations, of episodes of high FHR variation or of fetal movements did not improve long‐term prediction. It was concluded first, that antenatal FHR monitoring for up to 45 min at 32 weeks gestation had no long‐term predictive value; and second, that 3% of our obstetric population have unreactive FHR traces at this age, with a normal outcome. This does not imply that consecutive antenatal records on the same high‐risk patient at short intervals are not valuable clinically.


[1] We investigated mesoscale meteorological conditions in the lower troposphere during an episode of winter stratospheric ozone intrusion over Zagreb, Croatia, on 6 February 1990. This particular event was associated with a jet stream over northwestern Europe, and it was accompanied by elevated ozone values at two measuring sites in the greater Zagreb area. A Eulerian nonhydrostatic prognostic mesoscale model has been employed to reproduce significant fine-scale features of the fold. The initial streamer of the potential vorticity (PV) anomaly, which was found in the lower troposphere from 1.5 to 1 day prior to measured ozone peaks, consisted of a wavelike train of vortices. Horizontal and vertical dimensions of the individual vortices were between 30 and 70 km and between 500 and 1500 m, respectively. At the same time, the vertical PV gradients within the vortices were up to ΔPV = 0.2 × 10−6 K m Pa−1 s−3/100 m. The model also reproduced the streamer's breaking apart and its gradual and irreversible mixing with the adjacent tropospheric air. Both the model results and ozone measurements suggest that the air of stratospheric origin arrived above Zagreb from the southeast.


e19009Background: There is no standard reinduction regimen for adults with R/R AML. Clofarabine with high-dose cytarabine (Clo-HiDAC) is commonly used, but limited data exists to support its effica...


Electronic particulate matter sensor is a new type sensor used on vehicles for measuring PM in exhaust gas. The sensor first converts concentration of particulate matter to micro-current,and then converts electric current into voltage through circuits,finally converts to digital quantity through S9S08DZ60 microcontroller. Because the output current was affected by operating temperature when at the same concentration of PM( particulate matter),we designed temperature detection circuit in the sensor,corrected concentration of PM with the temperature,and sent the revised result to CAN bus though CAN transceiver,which used for other devices. After using a period of time,the sensor will be polluted by PM and its accuracy will be affected. So we design a heating circuit in the sensor which can heat the sediment PM and burn them off,and then ensure the accuracy of the sensor.


This survey was conducted with an intention to determine preliminary result on preferences toward sports of students at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Zagreb. A survey group of 1681 students at the Faculty of Philosophy has ranked 62 sports on the scale from 1 to 5. Female students from 1st to 4th years and male students from the 1st to the 3rd years ranked swimming as the most preferred sport. Dance takes up the second place on the list of female students, while yoga and weekend field trip holds the third position. Male students tend to favor also table tennis, weekend field trip and backpacking. Wrestling and weightlifting are the least preferred sports to female students, while male students mostly keep away from synchronize swimming, rhythmic gymnastic and aerobics, i.e. sports that are perceived as feminine.


Skid resistance of the new pavement generally meet the requirement of the traffic, but will gradually deteriorate in traffic service, the rehabilitation is acquired when the skid numbers lower than the typical threshold, To predicate accurately the deteriorating skid resistance of the pavement on the entire design life cycle, the friction deteriorating test of the asphalt mixture was performed firstly at different tire pressure; and then bring forward the prediction method for the new pavement based on the friction deteriorating equation of the asphalt mixture taking into account the affection of axis and wheel; based on the actual traffic volume data the deteriorating skid resistance performance versus the time was predicted, It shows a good agreement to the actual test data comparison, It demonstrate that the method can be used to predict skid resistance performance.


Electric power take-off system has gained significant popularity in automobiles and aircraft. The system requires a high-gain step-up converter to boost the voltage of the low-voltage batteries. A novel topology has been proposed for these applications. The output voltage requires good regulation during load changes. This paper presents the dynamic modeling of the converter using generalized averaging method. A small-signal model is developed by linearizing around the operating points. The analysis of system stability indicates that the system is stable at all operating points. The sensitivity of parameters such as leakage inductance and load resistance has been studied to analyze the effect of these parameters in the context of system behavior and the controller design. A dedicated controller has been designed, which includes a feedback controller to regulate the output voltage and a lead compensator to solve the potential instability issue brought by the right-half-plane zeros. It also includes a feedforward controller in its inner loop to eliminate the effect of the disturbance in the input voltage. Simulation and experimental results have been used to validate the system model and the proposed controller.


colony south of its main range on one mountain within the territory occupied by a third race, muscosa. A similar but considerably more restricted distribution of the three species of salamander now comprising the genus Batrachoseps suggests that they are all descended from a single polytypic species that once had a distribution similar to that of Ensatina. It is not difficult to account for the existence of two species with overlapping ranges in southern California if it be assumed that these populations represent vestiges of what was formerly a circular overlap like that of Ensatina but with one link in the chain now missing. The existence of the third species of Batrachoseps in an isolated range in northwestern Oregon offers further support for the belief that the range of an ancestral species that was once widespread has become fragmented, presumably as a result of climatic changes. It has been difficult to account for the coexistence of two closely related species in many areas, but such distributional patterns as those exemplified in these three groups of amphibians provide a sound basis upon which theoretical explanations can be offered. Thus far the evidence accumulating is in favor of the belief that geographic isolation usually precedes reproductive isolation. The phenomena observable in "circular overlaps" do not belie this assumption even though it is plain that reproductive isolation may not be complete until some link in the chain is broken. Many gaps in ranges will undoubtedly be closed by more intensive collecting in the critical regions. Nevertheless the maps provided by Stebbins are more detailed than any previously available, and they are of particular interest in that clues can often be obtained concerning origins and dispersals by studying the distributions of related species. The distributions of frogs and salamanders are probably more rigorously restricted than those of other terrestrial vertebrates by the moisture requirements of these animals. It is perhaps noteworthy, therefore, that few of the distributional patterns bear any resemblance to "biotic provinces" as mapped by various authors. On the other hand there are some correlations of distributions with the natural vegetation, a map of which is included. Stebbins' book will serve many purposes and while much remains to be learned concerning western Amphibia, it is plain that the descriptive phase of the work is now being supplanted by studies that have considerably more interest to students of evolution.


Objective To search for factors related to successful hypospadias repair with Duckett technique. Methods With a modified Duckett technique, the blood pedicle of island flap was isolated thoroughly and transferred unrestrictedly to the ventral of the penis creating a neourethra on the tip of glans. The distal layer of the blood pedicle was loosed to cover the proximal corpus spongiosum and neourethra. Results 108 and 54 children of hypospadias were operated on with Duckett method and modified Duckett method separately. The successful rate in one stage repair by modified Duckett method was enhanced from 64.8% to 90.7% ( P 0.01 ). Conclusion The modified Duckett technique can provide adequate blood pedicle flap covering the neourethra and the proximal anastomosis, diminish the postoperative complications, and increase the successful rate in one stage repair of hypospadias.


Domestic satellites are emerging as an exciting alternative to satisfying the communications requirements of data users, providing both flexibility and economy. Two attributes of satellites are especially advantageous for the transmission of data in large geographically distributed computer networks. They are (i) the availability of wide transmission bandwidths over long distances and (ii) the multi-access broadcast capability inherent in radio communications which permits transmission to, and reception from, all points in a satellite connected network. These considerations also apply (on a smaller geographical scale) to the use of ground radio channels in a terminal access computer-communication network exemplified by the ALOHA System at the University of Hawaii.


The main goal of the present thesis was to study the effects of stress and stress hormones on the retrieval of emotional memories in healthy humans. In addition, we were interested in the effects of stress hormones on post-retrieval processes like reconsolidation. That is, are there only acute and temporary effects of stress hormones on memory retrieval, or are there also long-term effects? Studying effects of stress hormones can be done in two ways; either by (experimentally) inducing stress in humans, or by exogenously administering doses of stress hormones. In the present thesis both ways were used. Furthermore, when investigating emotional memories, we can make use of memories that are created in a laboratory setting or those that derive from real life experiences, i.e. autobiographical memories. Again, both methods were investigated. We found acute stress and a single cortisol administration to have direct and long-term impairing effects on memory for neutral and emotional information that was learned and reactivated in a controlled laboratory situation. Future studies should shed more light on the generalizability of these findings to real life settings and clinical practice.


Uncertainty over resolve is a central explanation for war, and costly signaling has become a textbook solution the problem. However, costly signals are an imperfect alternative—they resolve inefficiencies by creating inefficiencies, and I show that the equilibrium signaling inefficiency is often worse than the equilibrium war inefficiency if signaling were impossible. Would states prefer to negotiate a fully efficient resolution instead? I develop a model to answer this question. In equilibrium, the uninformed actor often "buys out" the informed party's costly signaling option. This can occur even if the signal would be perfectly informative and come at no direct cost to the uninformed actor. Moreover, where armaments are greatest in traditional costly signaling models, they are the smallest when allowing for preemptive bargains. ∗Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Pittsburgh. (firstname.lastname@example.com, http://williamspaniel.com).


At present,with the development of information technology and internet enter people's lives;Chinese people's personal information is continuously extended to the network area.At the same time,against the personal information in cyberspace are often the behavior occurs;the abuse of personal information in cyberspace has become a common concern of the whole society.Because of the imperfections of the law and industry self-regulation is not perfect;the western countries have adopted the legislation of the models and industry self-regulation model for reference.


These conversion kits are designed for a AC-G6010S John Deer Power Generator to enable the engine to run on gasoline, natural gas or propane.


Abstract 394 Background: Long-term low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is the current standard for treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients. Whether treatment strategies should vary according to individual risk of VTE recurrence remains unknown. We have derived a clinical prediction rule that stratifies VTE recurrence risk in patients with cancer-associated VTE. The derivation model includes 4 independent predictors (sex, primary tumor site, stage and prior VTE). The score sum ranges between −3 and +3 points. Patients with a score ≤ 0 had low risk (≤4.5%) for recurrence and patients with a score above 1 had a high risk (≥ 19%) for VTE recurrence. Subsequently, we applied and validated the rule in an independent set of 819 patients from 2 randomized controlled trials comparing LMWH to warfarin for VTE treatment in cancer patients. In the current study we aim to externally validate our clinical prediction rule with an independent population of patients with cancer-associated VTE followed at the Thrombosis clinics of two tertiary Canadian centres. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with cancer and VTE diagnosed and/or followed at the Thrombosis Clinic of the Victoria Hospital (London, Canada) from January 2006 to December 2010; and the Thrombosis Unit of the Ottawa Hospital (Ottawa, Canada) from January 2009 to December 2011. We included data from adult patients with active malignancy and objectively diagnosed acute pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremity (above knee), upper extremity and neck veins, or unusual site thrombosis. The primary outcome measure was VTE recurrence during the first six months of anticoagulation. Results: 353 patients fulfilled our inclusion criteria and were included in the study. There were 149 males, and the overall population had a median age of 64 years (range: 18 – 95). One hundred and twenty-three patients had lower extremity DVT, 93 had PE and 57 had both. The remaining 80 patients had either upper extremity/neck DVT (n = 55) or unusual site thrombosis (n = 25). 77 patients had a prior history of VTE. The most common primary tumour site was gastrointestinal, followed by the lung. Of the 304 patients with solid tumours, 230 (75.7%%) had TNM greater than I. Two hundred and ninety-three (83.0%) patients were treated with longterm low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) only and 60 (17.0%) with warfarin (VKA). VTE recurrence occurred in 44 of 353 patients (12.4%). When we evaluated VTE recurrence risk per site, there was no significant difference: London 13 of 90 and Ottawa 31 of 263 [RR=1.23 (95%CI= 0.671 – 2.237; p=0. 507)]. In addition, there was no significant benefit with the use of LMWH (37 of 293) over VKA (7 of 60) in the risk of recurrence [RR=0.92 (95%CI= 0.433 – 1.973; p= 0.8379)]. When we applied our clinical prediction rule (Table 1) in the entire study population, recurrent VTE occurred in 12 of 204 (5.8%) patients stratified as low risk probability and in 32 of 149 (21.4%) patients stratified as high risk probability (Table 2). Conclusions: Our prediction rule has been adequately validated to now be used in prospective trials of treatment. Future trials evaluating novel treatment strategies for high risk patients are warranted. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Massive MIMO is a key component of current and future wireless communication systems. To harvest the multiplexing and beamforming gains of these large-scale MIMO systems, however, the channel knowledge needs to be acquired at the massive MIMO transmitters. This is typically associated with large training overhead, especially in FDD massive MIMO. Recent research showed that deep learning could lead to interesting gains for massive MIMO systems by mapping the channel knowledge from the uplink to downlink channels or between antennas at nearby locations. In this paper, we provide an initial proof-of-concept prototype for this concept, where we show using a sub-6GHz hardware setup promising results for channel mapping across frequency and space.


This paper deals with the construction of a discrete dynamic population model addressed to estimate the expected size of the immigration population in a finite short period of time in Spain. By paying attention to a special subpopulation of interest, such as an irregular immigrant, unaccompanied minor immigrant and regular immigrant, a vector discrete population model is built after the discussion and introduction of proper hypotheses linked to economy, host and country of origin regulation policies, political interest and others. The model allows us to study the change of the results under variation of the parameters.


Low energy photon emitter brachytherapy sources are being used with increasing frequency for interstitial implants in tumor sites, especially the prostate. Recently, several new designs of /sup 125/I and /sup 103/Pd sources have become commercially available for clinical applications. Dosimetric characteristics (i.e. dose rate constant, radial dose function, and anisotropy function) of this source were experimentally and theoretically determined following the AAPM Task Group 43 (TG-43) recommendations and were related to the 1999 NIST calibration assigned to this source [S/sub k/, 99std]. Measurements were performed in a Solid Water phantom using LiF thermoluminescent dosimeters and MD55-2 radiochromic films. The calculations were performed using Monte Carlo simulation techniques in Solid Water and liquid water. The goal of this presentation is to describe the experimental method of dosimetry of the brachytherapy sources.


This inquiry considers Thorstein Veblen's understanding of the machine process and some of its influences. In particular, this paper explores relationships between the machine process and industry, noting the powerful influences of standardization of outputs as well as inputs. In addition, this paper considers some of the implications of the machine process on workers, considering particularly the tendency of the machine process to enforce routines and some of the related effects on "habitual thinking." Finally, the machine process and its relation to society will be discussed with a focus on its effects on value systems, examining also the ways in which the machine process shifts power from the individual to the vested interests of big business and those with financial knowledge. (Words: 121) Journal of Economic Literature Classification Codes: B1, B3, B5, N6


Mouse embryos at the stage of 2 cell, 4 cell, 8 cell and morula were cultured in Whitten's medium to study the effects of ethanol on the developmental embryo. Tolerance threshold of 2 cell mouse embryos to ethanol was around 1 5% when these embryos were cultured in Whitten's medium with 0, 0 1%,0 5%,1 0%, 1 5%, 2 0%, 3 0%, 5 0% and 10 0% ethanol, respectively. Then the mouse embryos at the stage of 2 cell, 4 cell, 8 cell and morula were cultured in Whitten's medium with 1 0% and 3 0% ethanol to see the sensitivity of mouse embryos to ethanol. The results suggested that 1 0% ethanol appeared to have beneficial effects on the cavitation of 8 cell embryos and morula. However, the effects of 1 0% ethanol on 2 cell and 4 cell embryos were not so obviously. Embryonic development at the stage of 2 cell, 4 cell, 8 cell and morula was more or less inhibited by 3 0% ethanol. Tolerance of embryos to ethanol becomes stronger in late developmental stages of the embryo.


Recent studies on bacterial diseases of cultivated mushrooms in southern Italy showed that brown blotch of Agaricus bisporus and the yellowing of Pleurotus ostreatus, caused by Pseudomonas tolaasii, are actually complex diseases since, besides P. tolaasii, which may be considered the main causal agent of the above diseases, also P. reactans and not yet characterised fluorescent pseudomonads appear to participate to the expression of the diseases symptoms. Furthermore, P. reactans appears to be the causal agent of P. eryngii yellowing. Strains of P. tolaasii produce tolaasin I and II (Tol I and Tol II) and five minor analogs called tolaasins A-E). Tolaasins are involved in the pathogen virulence causing membranes lysis through biosurfactant activity and transmembrane ion channel formation for which a barrel-stave mechanism has been proposed. Furthermore, strains of P. tolaasii produce in vitro an array of volatile substances which are apparently involved in the virulence of the producers and the pathogen/mushrooms interaction. Strains of P. reactans produce the White Line Inducing Principle (WLIP) which causes the brown discoloration of A. bisporus tissues though at lesser extent than tolaasin I. The loss of WLIP production by avirulent morphological variants of P. reactans supports its role in the pathogen virulence. The formation of avirulent variants in the cultures of P. reactans strains appears to be responsible for the attenuation/loss of virulence and this may tentatively explain why the pathogenicity of P. reactans was neglected and/or not well understood in the past. A comparative evaluation of Tol I and WLIP on blood red cells and artificial lipid vesicles demonstrated a detergent-like mechanism for WLIP. REP-PCR analysis showed that P. reactans, on the contrary of P. tolaasii, is not a genetically uniform group.


[Objective] To observe effects of sodium tanshinone ⅡA sulfonate(STS) on angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and the expressions of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(p-ERK1/2) and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1(MKP-1).[Methods] In the primary culture of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes,as indexes of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy,the total protein was determined by coomassie brilliant blue and protein synthesis rate was measured by -leucine incorporation.The expressions of p-ERK1/2 and MKP-1 were assessed by using Western blot.[Results] STS could decrease AngⅡ-induced elevations of the total protein and protein synthesis rate and inhibit the expression of p-ERK1/2 in a dose-dependent manner and upregulate the expression of MKP-1.[Conclusion] The anti-hypertrophic effect of STS on AngⅡ-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is associated with inhibition of ERK1/2 signaling pathway via upregulation of MKP-1.


The effect of mind training had stood out increasingly along with incessant development of the modern sports. The sports teacher must abidance the standard of mind training during education to strengthen their mind quality.


Landslides triggered by hydraulic perturbations are initiated by a decrease in the effective stress, and hence the shear strength of the soil, as a result of the increase in pore water pressure which might occur due to either rain infiltration or exfiltration of water from the bedrock. However, several factors including the shape and hydraulic properties of the bedrock, root reinforcement have significant effects on the behaviour of the slope alongside the geo-mechanical properties of the overlaying soil. The complex interactions between these processes impose serious challenges in prediction of the occurrence and extends of this type of landslides. This paper presents the findings of a full scale landslide triggering experiment on a steep forested slope and several centrifuge tests which were performed to investigate the mechanisms leading to the initiation and propagation of the shear deformations in an unsaturated silty sand slope. The results observed from the test site illustrated the close interaction between the pore pressure development and rate of movements. Precursors of movements were detected before the failure using the horizontal soil pressure measurements, and surface and subsurface records. The centrifuge tests also showed that, the geometry of the bedrock, in addition to the hydrogeological effects, and vegetation reinforcement can play an important role in the stability of the slope.


The DPR method is applied for the computation of the compressibility factors of the
high-pressure natural gas and the high-pressure natural gas which involves a good lot
of acidic gas here. It shows that the computation results are in good agreement with the
measured values in the range of temperatures from 351. 5 to 426K and pressures from
14. 0295 to 94. 3245 MPa.


The release of Open Government Data (OGD) in recent years has maintained a very rapid pace to enable the OGD initiative to reach its full potential, such as enhancing transparency, citizen collaboration, and participation and boosting economic innovation value. Moreover, by publishing OGD, citizens can participate in governance processes, like policy-making and decision-making. Using Linked Open Data (LOD) technology allows us to understand and correctly use the released data by humans and machines. However, expert evidence shows that releasing data without quality control can threaten the reuse of datasets and negatively affect the benefits of the OGD initiative. Data accessibility is classified among the essential categories in Linked Open Data (LOD) quality models to enable efficient access to the released datasets. Most existing evaluations of data accessibility for the OGD portals focus on defining dimensions and measures, but there is no closed formulation to apply them. Some works propose marks to assess the data that meet the defined measures, and there is no broad scale of marks to standardize the application of these measures. This leads to difficulties in comparing and benchmarking evaluations. This paper aims to propose a percentage scale of marks for metrics to assess the accessibility of data in the OGD portals. Finally, we experiment with the proposed scale of marks on the American OGD portal since America launched the OGD initiative, and its portal is considered an example of OGD initiatives.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the extract from a native plant from caatinga (Allamanda blanchetti) in the control of the fungus Alternaria brassicicola, concerning to induction of resistance mechanisms in seedlings of kale and direct fungitoxic action. Under greenhouse conditions, the seedlings of kale were sprayed with extracts from A. blanchetti extracted at hot and at cold at concentrations of 0; 100; 500 to 1000 ppm. Analysis of disease severity were performed at 5; 6; 7; 8; 9:10 days after inoculation. Peroxidases were analyzed five times 0; 24; 72; 120, and 168 hours after spraying the seedlings with the extracts. Furthermore, the capacity of the hot and cold extracts was also evaluated at 0; 100; 500, and 1000 ppm to inhibit the germination of spores of A. brassicicola. The concentrations of 1000 ppm of the hot and cold extracts were more effective in controlling the disease. The extract of A. blanchetti induced an increase in the peroxidase activity at 24 hours after treatment application and promote inhibition of germination of spores of A. brassicicola. These results indicate the potential from A. blanchetti to control A. brassicicola, both by direct action and the activation of defense mechanisms.


In this paper, according to the theory of Constructivism, the definition of designing physics, its basic character, and the teaching pattern under the teaching concept of constructivism had been investigated. The purpose of this research is to improve the teaching quality of physics and physical experiments of the university. In accordance with the teaching practice of the engineering students, the marks of questions and along with the results of the questionnaire were analyzed in many aspects. Some conclusions were drawn from the effect of designing physics experiment teaching. The above endeavor will provide the beneficial reference for the experimental teaching reform in physics.


We propose and study the algorithm of digital controllers implementation in fixed-point arithmetic based on the adaptive selection of a discrete transform and a discrete operator (z- or δ -operator). An experimental verification of the proposed criteria for the transform and operator selection is performed, also results of the proposed algorithm testing are given. Suggested approach made it possible to reduce the number of utilized logic elements in the FPGA or ASIC implementation of controllers up to 2-3 times and more in comparison with the traditional technique based on the application of the Tustin transform and z-operator, and also reduce the development complexity. The obtained results are of practical importance in the electronic units design for autonomous embedded systems, space vehicles and other objects with restricted mass, dimensions and power consumption, giving the possibility to overcome these restrictions.


Westborough's key location has attracted people to its waterways, swamps, and hills since before recorded time. As early as 9,000 years ago, prehistoric people in canoes hollowed out from tree trunks followed the Sudbury and Assabet Rivers to their headwaters in Westborough. Here they discovered abundant fish and game, as well as Westborough quartzite, a stone especially suited for making tools and weapons. According to archaeologist Donna Ingham of Public Archaeology Laboratory (PAL), who conducted a 1999 archaeology survey at the Assabet Headwaters Reservation, the Assabet River most likely was formed by a glacial lake that drained about 7,500 to 6,000 years ago into a stream with bordering wetlands.


To the arrangement of the discourse structure in advertising broadcast scripts, this paper has given a general description according to the broadcast style and the components of the advertising scripts, and also given a further analysis of the relation between the types of the scripts and effects of expressing and spreading. The paper has mainly dealt with 3 ways of broadcasting:Single-persons' broadcasting, two persons' broadcasting and multi-person's broadcasting. There are two components in discourse structure: the body of advertising scripts and the propaganda of the advertising topic. The two can make various effective combinations. Especially, the main characters of the scripts can have many forms of transformation and combination, thus, the advertising broadcast scripts appear to be particular and creative.


The Consolidated Fund Financial Reports contain particulars of transactions and balances of the Consolidated Fund and details of collections from, and appropriation paid to, each Department (including adjustments to original appropriation).


Abstract The aim of this study is to discuss the role of networks and strategic alliances in the life of small enterprises working in tourism. This is done by presenting a case study that discusses the experience of Wander With, a micro SME that operates in Dubai's young, multinational tourism market. It investigates the criteria for an MSME to select partners and alliances, the challenges and risks an MSME faces while dealing with networks and alliances, the benefits an MSME obtains from  networks and alliances, the extent to which the Dubai tourism market is connected with the global market, and the tools an MSME uses to become known and generate business globally. Among the general findings of this study is that the main impetus for MSMEs to develop strategic alliances with other organizations is to marshal resources and leverage mutual support.  Cooperation among various MSMEs increases their innovation and profitability. Moreover, networking among diverse partners is essential to supply integrated tourist products and provide optimum services to tourists. Finally, Dubai MSMEs have a low scalability potential due to prevalence of high overhead structures, coupled with high existing capacity utilization levels. This case study fills a gap in the research about MSMEs in tourism in the Arab Gulf region, specifically about the role networks and alliances play in their business model


What should the school charter do? We believe that it should define the school's place in the system of public education, the bases of its educational-upbringing work, working conditions for school personnel, the rights and duties of children, teachers and the administration, the functions of the teachers' council, the parents' committee, and student organizations. At the same time, of course, we do not want an excessively detailed regulation of all matters of school life, since this could paralyze the initiative of the staff.


This article seeks to explain how human capital assists industrial development through the developmental process of metalworking clusters in Sri Lanka. For this purpose, an individual firm's data set collected by the author is used. The study yields four major findings: highly educated and experienced managers in the cluster tended to use brand names; the managers' human capital as accumulated through formal education and experience positively influenced the firms' performance; the engineers and machinists who comprised the most skilled labour made a positive contribution to the size of the firm; and the managers' education played a crucial role in accessing international markets.


Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma is an uncommon malignant salivary gland tumour that appears almost exclusively in the minor salivary glands of the oral cavity.[1, 2] It is an indolent tumour with little metastatic potential, and therefore, it is important to distinguish it from other, more aggressive, clear cell lesions such as metastatic renal cell carcinoma.[3] We present the case of a 48-year-old woman who presented with a 2-year history of a mass on her soft palate. The clinical history, imaging and histopathological features are described and discussed.


Researchers in the US have been in a state of stress, anxiety and confusion over the past decade. A steady stream of science policy works, politicians and other commentators has delivered a series of warnings to the research community, warnings that often begin with the words: "Now that the Cold War is over..."


The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and treatment efficiency of the Horizontal Sub-Surface Flow Constructed Wetland treatment system (HSF-CW) in an arid climate. Seventeen sub-surface, horizontal-flow HSF-CW units have been operated for approximately three years to improve the quality of partially-treated municipal wastewater. The studied design parameters included two sizes of volcanic tuff media (i.e., fine or coarse), two different bed dimensions (i.e., long and short), and three plantation types (i.e., reed, kenaf, or no vegetation as a control). The effluent Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), and phosphorus from all of the treatments were significantly lower as compared to the influent and demonstrated a removal efficiency of 55%, 51%, 67%, and 55%, respectively. There were significant increases in Electrical Conductivity (EC), sulfate, and calcium in the effluent of most HSF-CWs due to evaporative concentration and mineral dissolution from the media. The study suggests that unplanted beds with either fine or coarse media are the most suitable combinations among all of the studied designs based on their treatment efficiency and less water loss in arid conditions.


Gypsum is one of the most commonly used soil amendments for reclaiming sodic soils. Laboratory column study was conducted to evaluate the effect of gypsum applied @ 0, 25, 50 and 100 per cent of the gypsum requirement on the behaviour of native phosphate (P) during reclamation of a highly sodic soil (pH 10.4, ESP 83.5). The soil was leached with good quality water (EC 0.3 dS m−1) under a constant water head for ten weeks and phosphate concentration in the leachate was measured at weekly intervals. Samples of leached soil were also subjected to P fractionation to determine how the various inorganic fractions responded to the added gypsum. Results showed that increasing levels of gypsum drastically reduced the P losses and at the 6th week of the experiment no phosphorus was detected in the leachates. Increasing rate of gypsum decreased the water soluble P (H2O-P) substantially but it had little effect on the more strongly adsorbed P fraction (NaOH-P) or Ca-bound P (HCl-P). The main effect of gypsum was to transform the adsorbed P fraction (NaHCO3-P) more labile.


In this study, epoxy/clay nanocomposites with different content of nanoclay were prepared by shear mixing followed by ultrasonication. In order to study electron beam irradiation effects, nanocomposites were exposed to electron beam irradiation in 100, 500 and 1000 KGy doses. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the morphology of nanocomposites. The mechanical and thermal behaviors of nanocomposites were studied by tensile test and thermo-gravimetric analysis. The results showed that the irradiation brought about improvement in mechanical properties in most specimens and the most improvement was achieved in 100 KGy irradiation doses.


We present a new two parameter Burr XII distribution. The new density can be right skewed with no peak, unimodal-right skewed, left skewed and symmetric. The new failure rate can be decreasing, unimodal and increasing. Properties related to the new model are derived. Simple type copula-based construction is presented for deriving some new bivariate and multivariate type distributions. The maximum likelihood estimation, Anderson Darling estimation, right tail Anderson Darling estimation and left tail Anderson Darling estimation methods are used to estimate the model parameters. A new data set is analyzed for comparing estimations methods and the competitive models.


Considerable attention is being paid to career guidance and counselling for young people about to enter work for the first time, but the needs of those in mid‐career have been comparatively overlooked. Current social and economic changes have created a less secure context for the pursuit of careers and have created a need for new tools for mid‐career management. This paper describes one such tool—the career graph—and its use with middle level industrial managers during a short course on career management.


The eleven geological map sheets on the 1:25000 scale from the Protected Landscape Area Žďarske vrchy have benn prepared within the campaign in zears 2002-2007. Structural, petrological, geochemical and geochronological data were summarized.


Synthetic musks have a widespread use as a substitute for natural musks in fragrances, and can be found in a number of consumer products such as laundry detergents, cleaning agents and cosmetic pro ...


We present a comprehensive variational model for the vibration of timber joist floors and a simple computer algorithm for finite, particularly rectangular, floors. We allow for floor constructions that are typical in the New Zealand context, consisting of edge‐supported timber joists with flooring material above, often a suspended ceiling below with absorptive material in the cavity, and a range of joint types such as gluing or nailing. The model and algorithm are structured in such a way that a component can easily be either added to, or removed from, the structure. Hence the configuration may be made progressively more complex from the simplest floor‐joists type to floor‐joists‐ceiling with cavity air and damper‐spring connectors.


Tobacco dependence can lead to a variety of different symptoms. One important aspect of tobacco dependence is the strong desire to consume the substance (craving). Craving is controlled by multiple cognitive, emotional and motivational processes. Previous studies have shown that craving can be increased during the visual perception of smoking-related cues. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of the nicotine status on craving-related responses. Functional MRI (3 Tesla) was used to detect brain responses during the presentation of neutral and tobacco-associated pictures. Smokers were scanned twice, deprived of tobacco as well as non-deprived, in alternating order. So far, the results show a significantly increased neural activity during the presentation of tobacco-related cues in smokers compared to healthy controls, especially in the secondary visual cortex as well as parts of the frontal lobe and the hippocampus. At the time of tobacco withdrawal, smokers demonstrated increased neural responses during the presentation of tobacco-related pictures, especially in emotion-related areas of the brain. The results indicate that the visual impression of smoking-related cues can lead to a different neuronal activity in patients with tobacco addiction, especially during deprivation. We would like to suggest that the increased allocation of attention and enhanced emotional responses should be considered in therapeutic approaches.


The purpose of this research is to identify and describe: (1) the influence of the principal's leadership on teacher performance; (2) the influence of the work environment on teacher performance; and (3) the combined influence of the principal's leadership and the work environment on teacher performance. This study was carried out in Kayuagung District Public High School in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, with 59 teachers as participants. Techniques for collecting data include surveys or questionnaires, recordkeeping, and interviews. Construction and content validity are used in the validity test. Cronbach's Alpha is used in the dependability test. Analysis precondition tests include the normality, linearity, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity tests. Simple linear regression and multiple linear regression approaches were used to evaluate the data. The findings revealed that: (1) the principal's leadership has an impact on teacher performance; (2) the work environment has an impact on teacher performance; and (3) the school principal's leadership and the work environment have an impact on teacher performance.


Most wastewater treatment plants are facing with upgrading and reconstruction due to the severe situation of water environment in China.However,the choice of upgrading technologies is hindered by lack of influent carbon source,limited proposed land and many other factors.Because of high investment and operating cost,conventional technologies may not be suitable for use in most parts of China.Therefore,the selection of new process and technology with low investment and operating cost and sustainable development appears urgent.Side-stream sludge bio-augmentation technology has developed and applied rapidly abroad in recent years.Side-stream sludge hydrolysis,in-situ bio-concentration and humus sludge culture are introduced,and their applicability in the upgrading and reconstruction is analyzed.


Abstract : The current study with chloroquine (CQ) and diformyl diaminodiphenysulfone (DFD) was carried out in Dutch-belted rabbits at levels up to six times the intended human dose. The results revealed neither anorexia nor any neonatal or fetotoxic manifestations. Pair-fed controls were included in this series. No significant anorexia, adverse symptomatology, morbidity or increased abortion tendency were found in the CQ- or DFD-treated rabbits. The earlier observations in the rabbits were not confirmed in this series in part due to possible pre-existent etiopathic latent disease in the earlier group of rabbits. The current study, carried out in essentially disease free animals, suggests that the anorexigenic responses in the earlier study and the consequent restricted food intake, and not the ingestion of CQ and DFD, accounted for the earlier adverse findings. (Author)


In Scotland, large deer populations are associated with negative ecological and socioeconomic impacts, such as damage to peatlands and forests, agricultural and commercial forestry losses, Lyme disease transmission, and road accidents. Increasing the annual deer cull might help address these negative impacts, but could be ethically controversial. A stratified sample of adults living in Scotland (n = 1,002) responded to our online questionnaire measuring perceptions of deer management, including the acceptability of increasing the deer cull if doing so would help achieve a variety of ecological and social objectives. Overall, respondents indicated that it would be acceptable to increase the deer cull if doing so would serve public interests by reducing negative impacts of deer, with deer welfare, environmental conservation, and public health and safety being the most relevant ethical considerations. Although rural and urban respondents reported significantly different experiences and perceptions of deer, their values (i.e., attitudes, beliefs, and policy preferences) regarding deer management were very similar. Understanding values of the general public, beyond vocal interest groups, can help inform decisions on contentious wildlife management issues.


The economic effects are a consequence produced and offered for sale production. The farms include them direct surplus from agriculture, value added and income. In this study adopted the income from the family farm (in accordance with the methodology FADN) for basic category assess the financial situation of households and their effectiveness. This article attempts to identify the factors affecting the profitability of milk production in specific years for Polish agriculture. The study in fact concerned the years 2004 and 2009, which undoubtedly characterized by distinct changes in the macro-environment agriculture. The year 2004 was a period of accession to the EU, while the year 2009 is a time of deep crisis in the milk market.


Let G= (V,E,σ,μ) be a simple connected undirected fuzzy graph. In this paper, we use a fuzzy graph model to represent a traffic network of a city and discuss a method to find the different type of accidental zones in a traffic flows. This paper is based on fuzzy coloring of fuzzy graphs and fuzziness of vertices. Using this approach, we can minimize the total waiting time of a traffic flow. It will help to reduce the traffic jam of a road.


Objective: Couples coping with head and neck and lung cancers are at increased risk for psychological and relationship distress given patients' poor prognosis and aggressive and sometimes disfiguring treatments. The relationship intimacy model of couples' psychosocial adaptation proposes that relationship intimacy mediates associations between couples' cancer‐related support communication and psychological distress. Because the components of this model have not yet been evaluated in the same study, we examined associations between three types of cancer‐related support communication (self‐disclosure, perceived partner disclosure, and protective buffering), intimacy (global and cancer‐specific), and global distress among patients coping with either head and neck or lung cancer and their partners.


Amyloidosis is characterized histopathologically by tissue infiltration with fibrillar protein with a β-sheet structural conformation. Clinical manifestations vary depending upon the type of amyloid and the distribution of deposition. Pulmonary amyloidosis may be localized to the respiratory tract or be part of a widespread process involving many organs. Primary pulmonary amyloidosis is classified into 4 major patterns, including parenchymal amyloidosis with a diffuse interstitial or nodular pattern, and tracheobronchial amyloidosis with submucosal plaques or luminal tumor-like masses. Pulmonary nodular amyloidosis, which is also referred to as "amyloidomas," develops mainly in the 6^(th) to 7^(th) decade without a gender predominance; it usually has a benign clinical course, and grows slowly. The nodules are, for the most part, rounded, sharply delimited, and located peripherally, with sizes ranging from 0.4 cm to 15 cm. The existence of multiple nodules is associated with cough, hemoptysis, and pleuritic pain. Calcification, and metaplastic bone or cartilage formation is usually found. Increased FDG uptake and an association with Sjogren's syndrome and pulmonary marginal zone lymphoma have been reported. No association with lung adenocarcinoma was reported in previous case series.


Patients and health professionals should not expect clinically important reductions in blood pressure to occur as a result of moderate- intensity exercise, Bristol researchers say.


A discussion will be given of the magnetic and electrostatic confinement which will be used in the premoderation stage in the PSI positron beam project [1]. An analysis of the positron trajectories based upon various computer codes and Monte Carlo calculations has given us the angular and energy distribution of positrons slowing down in a carbon foil at the center of the confinement. These analyses will be compared with the planned experimental measurements to optimize the efficiency of our system to premoderate positrons from several hundreds of keV to 5–10 keV.


Approximately 60% of women in the United States experience a UTI, or acute cystitis, during their lifetime. Of these, 30% go on to have multiple recurrences.1 For women who suffer from frequent recurrences, effective preventive strategies are essential to free them from this disruptive illness. Unfortunately, the use of antibiotics for UTI prevention is becoming more problematic because resistance to commonly used agents is now widespread, infection caused by Clostridium difficile is increasingly common, and our appreciation of the importance of an undisturbed microbiome in health is growing. Therefore, investigations of antibiotic-sparing approaches to UTI prevention are of great interest to physicians and patients alike.


I The Dizi of southwest Ethiopia, whose relationship with the neighbouring Surma has been . deteriorating in recent years, Imd themselves in difficult circumstances. In an inquiry of 3 separate focus group interviews involving 23 participants2, about half of the informants reported they had one or more family members killed by the Sunna over the last 1 0 years before February 1998. This simply shows the seriousness of the problem. A quick fix is not expected to such deeply troubled relationship. Sustained efforts are needed to bring about a negotiated and non-confrontational engagement of the two groups. This study underscores the importance of clan-based indigenous organizations in managing interethnic relations.


The thermal effi ciency and specifi c output of a gas turbine are primarily dependent on two major cycle parameters: the pressure ratio and the turbine inlet temperature1. In an ideal Brayton cycle, thermal effi ciency increases up to stoichiometric temperatures and high-pressure ratios, without considering losses, particularly, those associated with turbine cooling. Since turbine airfoil materials melt at temperatures much lower than the stoichiometric temperatures, hot gas-path components, such as turbine airfoils, must be cooled and attention must be given to cycle parasitic losses. The recognition of material temperature limitations has led to the continuous turbine development programs for cooling technologies, material development, and related multi-disciplinary disciplines of fl uid dynamics, heat transfer, aerodynamic performance, and structures, all aimed at the durability of turbine hot-gas-path components. The pursuit of improved turbine materials began long ago when the initial temperature limitations were found to be at about 1500°F (800°C)2. Following this initial period, an intensive development period took place when nickel-based alloys were developed and characterized as having high creep resistance characteristics. Material improvements relaxed temperature limitations by about 300°F (167°C)3. Further development of turbine airfoil manufacturing techniques, such directionally-solidifi cation castings and single-crystal castings led to higher metal temperature capability. More recently, numerous testing evaluations have been conducted to characterize new hot-gas path material superalloys in terms of tensile, rupture, fatigue, creep, toughness, corrosion and oxidation resistances, producibility, processing, and other thermophysical properties4. Following extensive laboratory testing, actual operating experience is gained with engine testing subject to real operational environments culminating in mature levels of technology readiness levels for production. Today, many modern turbine airfoils use single crystal superalloys. These are two-phase alloys with a large volume fraction of precipitates, based on the intermetallic compound, Ni3 Al, interspersed in a coherent facecentered cubic matrix comprised of nickel, Ni, with smaller weight percent of various other elements in solid solution5. These elements include: cobalt, Co, aluminum, Al, chromium, Cr, tungsten, W, molybdenum, Mo, tantalum, Ta, hafnium, Hf, rhenium, Re, and ruthenium, Ru. The elements Re and Ru are introduced in the latest generation of single crystal alloys. All these elements have different attributes which can be summarized as follows: Cr, Al, and Hf are used as surface protection elements, Mo, W, and Ta are used in solid solution strengthening, and Re and Ru are used for high creep strength6. The strength of these single crystal alloys is mainly a function of the size and the percentage of precipitates. Experimentally, it has been determined that the peak creep strength is achieved with a volume fraction of of 60%65%7. Much of the behavior of these alloys can be explained on the basis that high volume fraction alloys deformation occurring by shearing of the precipitates. The high volume fraction of precipitates precludes dislocation bypass at low and intermediate temperatures forcing precipitate shearing. However, the energies resisting dislocation shearing of the precipitates are those required to form a local reversal of Al-Ni order or antiphase boundary in stacking fault of the Ni3 Al superlattice. The energies associated with the anti-phase boundary in the superlattice stacking faults determine the strength, fatigue, and fracture characteristics of these alloys8. This is also evident by the increase in yield strength at moderate to high temperatures before a monotonic decrease in yield strength. As a result, the excellent high-temperature creep and fatigue resistance of the superalloys is a result of a combination of solid-solution strengthening, absence of deleterious grain boundaries, and high volume fraction of precipitates that act as barriers to dislocation motion. It should be pointedout, however, that fatigue crack initiation also depends on the microscopic 4.4 Heat Transfer Analysis


In the past few years the number of cores on processors has increased at an alarming rate. To make an efficient use of these machines it is necessary to provide the required bandwidth. But this is hampered by the physical capacity of the medium which can allow data transfers only up to certain extents. To keep up with the multicore trend and bridge this gap between computation rate and the communication bottleneck, many supercomputers and clusters now-a-days are equipped with multiple network cards (rails) to provide a very high data transfer capability. The T2K cluster (Tsukuba) in Japan provides 4 network cards per node on their entire 648 node (10,368 cores) system. On the other hand there are many existing systems which use multiple rails per node but each on a different subnet to provide fault tolerance in case of network or other failures. The prime objective for these systems is to provide for switching over from one network to the other in case an error is encountered on the network. This dissertation presents a design framework to achieve both these goals: Performance and Fault Tolerance, in a multi-rail scenario, but without compromising one over the other. In a general message passing scenario, whenever there is a network fault the entire operation aborts. This thesis presents an implementation, with which, it is possible in multi-rail clusters to continue operations even with network failures. In case of network component recovery it is also possible to re-establish connections ii between the failed componenents and start using them once again. We show that our implementation provides very little overhead and is able to deliver high performance. Also the recovery is immediate and is associated with no additional overhead. We also show sustenance of the design by running application benchmarks with permanent failures. From the results we see that we are able to provide sustenance as well as performance benefits along with fault resiliency with this design.


By questionnaire, 1469 randomly selected persons between 16 and 82 years of age were asked whether they had suffered from such nasal complaints as obstruction, sneezing and discharge, at least during the previous six months. Seventy five per cent answered the questionnaire, two thirds of whom were city dwellers and one third lived in a rural district. No difference was found between the urban and the rural populations regarding the prevalence of symptoms. Twenty-one per cent suffered from"non-allergic nasal complaints, and 5 per cent from allergic nasal complaints. The prevalence of non-allergic nasal complaints was highest in the 20-30 year age group, and lowest in the 50-60 year age group. Contributory fac- tors were of greater importance among the younger individuals than among the more elderly. Author. hypopharynx. a group, these patients were high frequency, short duration, upright refluxers. Combined hypopharyngeal and esophageal pH monitoring use-ful in reflux-induced A 20-year retrospective review of 236 children with epiglottitis was performed to determine the frequency of occurrence of 21 pres- enting signs and symptoms. To determine the association of age with clinical presentation and diagnosis of epiglottitis, the signs and symptoms of children less than 2 years old were compared with those of children 2 years of age and older. Fifty-eight children (25 per cent) were less than 2 years old. Sore throat was the only factor significantly different in the two age groups (P less than .01), occur- ring more commonly in the older children. There were 128 children (54 per cent) with blood cultures positive for Haemophilus influen- zae. Analyses of patients with positive blood cultures gave similar results. The signs and symptoms that clinically support epiglottitis in children less than 2 years old are similar in older children. ABSTRACT SELECTION ratio near electrophysiologic threshold, and (4) the dependence of the latency-noise index on the signal level at which the test is performed. The results of the studies reported herein show that the electrophysiological response to increasing masker levels is more sensitive for identifying inner ear pathology than previously used latency-intensity series measures, without compromising specificity. It is suggested that simultaneous broadband masking should be considered as a test for localization of pathology in those subjects for whom routine behavioral measurements are not possible or when the results of such measurements are equivocal. Author. Measurement of hearing aid benefit in the elderly. Malinoff, L., Vol. pp. 354-6. Providing amplification is at the heart of most rehabilitation pro- grams for the elderly. Given the importance of quality assurance, methods of quantifying hearing aid fitting success are needed. This study was designed to assess the adequacy of a self-assessment scale at measuring hearing aid benefit following a three week interval of hearing aid use. Forty-five new hearing aid users completed the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE) prior to and following three weeks of hearing aid use. Results of the study showed a significant reduction in handicap following three weeks of hearing aid use, suggesting the feasibility of using the HHIE as an outcome measure for hearing aid success after a brief interval of hearing aid use. Subjects will be followed longitudinally to determine the best time frame in which to administer this scale. Author. the a test was conducted or recommended during their annual physical examinations. Twenty (14 per cent) of the executives their hearing as fair or poor, but only two of them wore hearing aids. Executives who reported poorer hearing were less likely to have had recent hearing tests. When seeking a hearing evaluation, the executives indicated a two to one preference for medical doctors over audiologists—none preferred hearing aid dis-pensers. Regarding attitudes, approximately 90 per cent of the executive felt that hearing aids were effective, but only two-thirds disagreed with the stereotype that hearing aids connote old age. Executives who tended to equate hearing aids with old age were less likely to be aware of hearing-impaired employees in their companies. Implications of these findings are discussed. Measurement and prediction of hearing loss a H. 361-7. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the abilities of three paper-and-pencil tests to predict pure-tone hearing loss of nursing home residents. The three tests used were the staff version of the Nursing Home Hearing Handicap Index and two tests of mental status, the Mini Mental State and the Short Orientation-Memory- Concentration Test. Testing was done on the residents (n = 122) of a long-term, intermediate-care nursing home. In general, the resi- dents who passed the hearing test (using a 40 dB HL criterion) performed better on all three tests than did the residents who failed the hearing test and the residents who could not be tested. The results of discriminant analyses showed that the factor of age predicted hearing loss with a sensitivity of 93 per cent and a specificity of 35 percent. The factor of age in combination with question four of the SOMCT and question 10 of the NHHI improved specificity to 53 per cent. Author. Kinins are generated in nasal secretions during natural rhinovirus A prospective study compared the levels medi- ators non-infected, subjects with the mediator content of lavages from the same subjects during naturally occurring rhinovirus colds. Samples were obtained from 16 subjects who experienced natural colds that could be attributed to rhinovirus infections. Kinin levels during symptomatic colds were significantly elevated (P less than .01) compared with those measured when the subjects were non-infected and asymptomatic. Increases in kinins correlated with increased vascular permeability, as monitored by increased concentrations of albumin in lavages. In contrast, histamine levels in nasal lavages were not increased during symptomatic infections, suggesting that mast cell and baso-phil activation does not occur during rhinovirus colds. These data confirm and extend observations made during experimentally induced rhinovirus infections to the natural disease and are consis- tent with the hypothesis that kinins may play a role in the patho-genesis of symptomatic rhinovirus infections. Author. Infratentorial subdural empyema: clinical computerized tomography findings. three cases. rare. The authors report three cases representing a three per cent Following the introduction of self-recording audiometers into reg- ular use in non-hospital Royal Naval medical facilities, there has been an increase in the rate of detection of hearing losses and con- sequent referral for formal audiometry and ENT evaluation at Naval Hospitals. Forty-two sets of audiograms have been exam- ined and the hearing thresholds obtained by the two methods compared. The value of self-recording audiometry even in the often imperfect audiometric conditions available in a Naval sick bay has been confirmed and the midpoint of the tracing established as a reliable indicator of the hearing threshold. Author. an neurologic was observed in three patients with In the first patient, was the primary manifestation of an occult carcinoma of the The second patient had bilateral MNN. In the third patient, MNN coexisted with symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia as a con- sequence of a cavum adenocarcinoma. A nontraumatic MNN must be considered a potentially ominous symptom prompt a search for cancer. parietal, and temporal lobes, with all patients show-ing involvement of occipital lobes, optic radiations, and splenium of the corpus callosum. Follow-up images obtained in four patients demonstrated a posterior-to-anterior progression of disease. Cor- relation of results from MR imaging with those from evoked poten-tial studies indicated that MR imaging was the method of choice for detecting demyelination of visual, auditory, and motor systems in adrenoleukodystrophy. Author. Two cases of intralabyrinthine schwannoma were studied with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imag- ing. On CT scans, a soft-tissue mass was identified in the round window niche in both cases. Widening of the basilar turn of the cochlea and characteristic erosion of the promontory were noticed in one case. Preoperative MR imaging (performed in only one case) revealed a soft-tissue mass in the labyrinth, extending into the round window niche. Findings at CT and MR imaging are dis- cussed, and a differential diagnosis is given. The literature is reviewed. The authors' findings suggest that CT and MR imaging may prove very valuable in the previously difficult preoperative diagnosis of these tumours. In the setting of progressive sensori- neural hearing loss, atypical Meniere disease, or recurrent vertigo, the presence of a mass in the labyrinth or labyrinthine windows delineated on CT or MR images, despite a normal internal auditory canal, cerebellopontine angle, or brain stem—is highly suggestive of intralabyrinthine schwannoma. Author. Pulsatile tinnitus and the vascular tympanic membrane: CT, MR, and angiographic findings. were decannulated within four weeks and 75 per cent within 10 weeks. Fifty-four per cent of the children required one or more further procedures before decannulation, including seven children who required a laryngotracheoplasty. Obstructing stomal granulat-ion tissue had to be removed from 24 children and suprastomal col- lapse was a cause of decannulation failure in 29 children. Use of an expiratory valve as an aid to decannulation is discussed. Three chil- dren died of tracheostomy airway complications and six of a medical disorder. Another complication, laryngeal incompetence, was particularly associated with herpetic laryngeal ulceration. Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were investigated in 26 patients with acrodermatitis chronic atrophicans, wh


Applying Lie symmetry method, we find the most general Lie point symmetry groups of the radiation natural convection flow equation(RNC). Looking the adjoint representation of the obtained symmetry group on its Lie algebra, we will find the preliminary classification of its groupinvariant solutions.


This paper presents VLSI implementation of handwritten digit recognition system based on analog neural network. The recognition system is based on the least hamming distance neural network which both learning and classification. The circuit is simulated using SPICE tool at 180nm CMOS technology. The proposed circuit is modified version of existing circuit where initially first winner output voltage is set to logic one and rest all to logic zero and also determines next subsequent winner having minimum hamming distance. This type of circuit can be utilized by visual tracking system providing them ability to have backup recognition utility in case first recognized pattern proves to be incorrect. This design shows low power consumption of 34mW.


Introduction Reinforcement ring with allograft bone is commonly used for acetabular reconstruction of bone defects because it can achieve stable initial fixation of the prosthesis. It is not clear whether the allograft bone can function as a viable host bone and provide long-standing structural support. The purpose of this study was to assess to long-term survival of the reinforcement rings and allograft bone incorporation after acetabular revisions. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 39 hips (37 patients) who underwent reconstruction of the acetabulum with a Ganz reinforcement ring and allograft bone in revision total hip arthroplasty. There were 18 females and 19 males with a mean age of 55.9 years (35–74 years). The minimum postoperative follow-up period was 10 years (10∼17 years). We assessed the acetabular bone defect using the Paprosky's classification. We determined the rates of loosening of the acetabular reconstructions, time to aseptic loosening, integration of the allograft bone, resorption of...


From 1950s to 1970s, the Rural Cooperative Medical System of Zhejiang has undergone a complex period of germination, development and prosperity. Such kind of medical care system in Zhejiang province stems from its Rural Area Cooperation and Urban Communization Movement. And these three aspects involved and affected mutually within the process of the system's development. Investigating the Rural Cooperative Medical System of Zhejiang province within this 30 years can benefit us to set up a further thinking about its restoration both theoretically and practically.


Organophosphates are the most common cause of pesticide poisoning worldwide. It has been estimated that there are about 3,000,000 cases of organophosphate poisoning each year, with 300,000 fatalities (Bird, 2014). In our country, the annual reports issued by CIATOX indicate the existence of 1,243 cases of pesticide poisoning in 2011, 1,605 in 2012 and 1,970 in 2013; being the leading cause of poisoning its intentional ingestion (Solis, 2013). With the information above we can infer how important it is for the health personnel in training to learn about organophosphate poisoning and to be capable of providing adequate care to these patients. In this paper, we analyze the case of a young patient who suffered severe acute poisoning due to the intake of an organophosphate and a vitamin K antagonist, which required complex management in a hospital setting. Based on this case, we will go through the available medical literature while emphasizing the fundamentals of diagnosis, initial management and specific treatment. The information will be summarized in an interactive presentation to capture the reader's interest and facilitate his/her learning.


This research presented the social and civilizational directives contained in the verses of weigh and scale. The researchers worked to derive the social and psychological values and cultural and intellectual aspects of these wise directives. The study analysed and elaborated, in accordance with scientific disciplines, on scientific issues to which the interpreters referred, but which required more reflection and insight from the researchers to present the new content in this important aspect of the Quranic studies.


The statistics of man-shifts consumed in each work is the most effective factos for the coal mine management control. In West Germany, this statistic system has been regulated and put in practice since a few years, and recentry the statistics of the same kind is being planned at some Japanese collieries. This report states about the outline of the statistics method which Mitsui Mining Co. Ltd. has decided to adopt, and a few reference matters about making the statistics.


An atypical form of herpes simplex encephalitis produced by HSV-1 documented in the present article demonstrates that (1) prominent EEG abnormality may correlate with subtle increase in signal intensity on MRI; (2) the disease may start with prominent involvement of the cingulate gyri; and (3) viral infection of the brainstem may cause early onset of severe neurologic dysfunction and coma.


Arterial and venous thrombosis is becoming a pathology of primary importance because of other concomitant pathologies (metabolic, cardiac, neoplastic diseases) which often acerbate the prognosis. Therefore, our research aims to clarify in particular the function of congenital prothrombotic risk factors, that is the R506Q gene muta-tion of the FV (Leiden) and the G20210A gene mutation of the FII. We analyzed 351 subjects in treatment at the Hemostasis Diseases Unit of IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia. We collected each personal and family anamnesis and carried out the thrombophilia screening test. Among this population, 63 subjects resulted positive to, at least, one of the two mutations we studied. Comparing the number of subjects having at least a mutation with the ones without mutations, we found out that the first ones had a higher VTE percentage than the second ones. We also examined risk factors. All the results were supporting the thrombosis disease. Processing people to the thrombophilia screening test means to recognise and manage subjects at risk before the thrombosis event happens.


The thesis is concerned with the British perception of Soviet foreign policy between 1951 and 1956. In particular it examines the understanding that British diplomats, politicians and civil servants had of the process of change which the death of Stalin stimulated in the Kremlin's relations with the outside world. The core of the study centres around 1955, as this was the pivotal point for the British. With the ascendancy of Khruschev there was perceived not only a new emphasis in Moscow on the necessity of avoiding global war between East and West, but also a new interest in economic competition.

By 1956 Whitehall had concluded that there were a number of factors informing the Soviet re-evaluation of foreign policy. Among which were: the stabilisation of the Western alliance culminating with West German rearmament in 1955; the cost of defence expenditure both in armaments and in supporting the satellite regimes and China; the development of American and Soviet thermonuclear potentials. The latter was thought by the British to be the most profound in its implications on the Soviet approach to the future of international relations. The Soviet leadership certainly appeared eager to be friendly and particularly to communicate an awareness of the grotesque futility of a war employing the latest weaponry. To this end they agreed to the Geneva Summit of 1955. Anthony Eden and Harold Macmillan were convinced by this meeting that, in Macmillan's words, "there ain't gonna be no war". For a few brief, golden months, it seemed in London as if the Cold War might even be negotiated into history.

However, by the end of 1955 it was apparent to the British that Geneva did not mean the Kremlin had given up aspirations to global supremacy, rather that the means to this end were now to be different.


The study focuses on cage culture of a tilapine fish Oreochromis jipe in Lake Jipe, Taita Taveta District. Tilapia fish performance in aquaculture is largely earthen pond based. Due to the increased salinity in the soil of the lake, predation and prolific production of the fish, cage culture will be preferred. Tilapia are excellent culture species partly because, they grow well on a variety of natural food organisms including plankton, benthic organisms and decomposing organic matter. Oreochromis jipe is one of the most tolerant species to most environmental water quality parameters such as high salinity, water temperature, low dissolved oxygen and high ammonia concentration. 4 fish cages measuring 5mx5mx2m depth and 4 earthen ponds of similar size were used for the study and were stocked with 5gm fish fingerlings at the average stocking density of 6 fingerlings per square meter of water. The cages were then covered with a silk mesh net cover on top to prevent predatory by aquatic birds. The fish fed daily at 5% body weight for a period of 8months when they were harvested. Water quality was assessed fortnightly so as to check on pollution in line with APHA,AWWA (2005) guidelines on water quality assessment. Socio-economic studies were conducted. The results of the study indicated a faster average growth of fish in the cages(182.11gm) than in the earthen ponds(165.18gm). The water quality is within normal range and devoid of heavy metals and is thus safe for domestic and wildlife use. Socio-economically the community depends of fisheries and its activities for livelihood.


Although the high costs of invasion are frequently cited and are a key motivation for environmental management and policy, synthesised data on invasion costs are scarce. Here, we quantify and examine the monetary costs of biological invasions in the United Kingdom (UK) using a global synthesis of reported invasion costs. Invasive alien species have cost the UK economy between US$6.9 billion and $17.6 billion (£5.4 – £13.7 billion) in reported losses and expenses since 1976. Most costs were reported for the entire UK or Great Britain (97%); country-scale cost reporting for the UK's four constituent countries was scarce. Reports of animal invasions were the costliest ($4.7 billion), then plant ($1.3 billion) and fungal ($206.7 million) invasions. Reported damage costs (i.e. excluding management costs) were higher in terrestrial ($4.8 billion) than aquatic or semi-aquatic environments ($29.8 million), and primarily impacted agriculture ($4.2 billion). Invaders with earlier introduction years accrued significantly higher total invasion costs. Invasion costs have been increasing rapidly since 1976, and have cost the UK economy $157.1 million (£122.1 million) per annum, on average. Published information on specific economic costs included only 42 of 520 invaders reported in the UK and was generally available only for the most NeoBiota 67: 299–328 (2021) doi: 10.3897/neobiota.67.59743 https://neobiota.pensoft.net Copyright Ross N. Cuthbert et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. RESEARCH ARTICLE Advancing research on alien species and biological invasions A peer-reviewed open-access journal


Conventional operating systems provide little or no direct support for an efficient persistent object system implementation. The authors have built a persistent object scheme using a customization and extension of an object-oriented operating system called Choices. Both conventional file systems and persistent object systems are constructed within the same framework for the storage of persistent data. The persistent object store supports a wide range of persistent object sizes, extensible sets of persistent object types and automated garbage collection and associates each object with its class and operations. To improve performance, collections of persistent object can be accessed as an aggregate. Light-weight persistent objects may be clustered within persistent object containers. In this paper the authors describe how persistent objects are named and used within Choices, and three areas in which persistent object support differs from file system support: storage organization, storage management, and typing.<<ETX>>


Recommended methods for selecting environmental management project with limited financial resources. The method is based utility function. The optimality criterion of the project serves as an index of environmental quality, which is the basis of the information support of persons making management decisions at all levels of the hierarchy and contributes to the regulation of the process of integration of the subsystems of the environment for the formation of conditions of stable development of society. It is proved that the method of extreme groups of signs and standardization of data allows you to create a model of change in environmental quality.


Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of integrated Chinese and western medicine on cerebral infarction and the changes in hemorheological indicators before and after treatment.Methods 87 cases of cerebral infarction were randomly divided into two groups.In control group(42 cases),the conventional western medicine was adopted.In treatment group(45 cases),on the basis of the treatment as control group,Chinese herbal medicine was combined according to syndrome differentiation of Chinese medicine.The duration of treatment was 4 weeks.The clinical efficacy and the changes in hemorheological indicators before and after treatment were observed in two groups.Results In efficacy comparison of two group,the total effective rate was 86.67% in treatment group and was 57.14% in control group,indicating significant statistical difference in comparison(P0.01).The efficacy in treatment group was superior to control group.The whole blood viscosity of low shear rate,whole blood viscosity of high shear rate and blood viscosity after treatment were different significantly as compared with those before treatment in treatment group as well as those after treatment in control group in statistics(P0.05 or P0.01).The platelet aggregation before treatment was different significantly in statistics between two groups(P0.05 or P0.01),but after treatment,there was no significant statistical difference between two groups(P0.05).Conclusion On the basis of conventional treatment,the treatment according to syndrome differentiation in Chinese medicine achieves better efficacy on acute cerebral infarction in recovery stage,which is superior apparently to conventional treatment with western medicine.


Heterogeneity plays a central role in disease dynamics. A challenge to the theoretician is best sumarized with the question: how does one model incorporate just 'enough' heterogeneity to capture the essential features needed to understand the transmission dynamics of a disease? A partial answer in the study of the role of hetereogeneity on the dynamics of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is provided by the introduction of a core group-those members of the population who are extremely sexually-active. Earlier research focussed on models with a fixed core, that is, it was assumed that the size of the core-was not a dynamic variable. The weakening of this asssumption has generated new insights in the study of the dynamics of STDs. In our recent work, we looked at the effects of disease prevalence-dependent recruitment rates into the core group in the simplest situation, that is, when only sexual contacts within the core population are considered. In this article, we incorporate contacts involving non-core members as well. The simplest model is recovered as a limiting case when the non-core sexual activity tends to zero. Numerical simulations indicate that the less restrictive model can exhibit counter-intuitive behavior.


(a) Pd Complexes with Fluorous-ponytails for the Sonogashira Reaction under the Thermomorphic and Fluorous Biphasic System We synthesized Pd complexes [PdCl2(4,4'-bis-(RfCH2OCH2)-2,2'-bpy)] (complexes 1a, Rf=C10F21), and found the thermomorphic property in DMF. We then used aryliodide (arylbromide) as substrates to perform the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction with phenylacetylene in DMF at 135±5℃. Under both thermomorphic and FBS conditions, the catalysts could be reused for eight runs. The recovery was about 99.66% as detected by ICP-Mass. Products have been separated by column chromatography, characterized by GC-Mass and 1H NMR. (b) Synthesis and Reactivity of Novel Cationic (η3-Allyl) Palladium Complexes Bearing Fluoro-ponytailed Bipyridine Ligands In this study, a series novel cationic (η3-Allyl) palladium complexes were synthesized by treating [Pd-(η3-allyl)Cl2] with the Fluoro-ponytailed bipyridine ligands and silver trifluoromethanesulfonate (AgOTf) in CH2Cl2. These complexes have been fully characterized by NMR (1H, 19F and 13C), FTIR, mass spectroscopy (FAB). Then we attempted the hydroamination, diazo coupling reaction, and the Suzuki reaction, with discussions on the reactivity.


This paper summarizes how differing research methodologies were sequenced during formative evaluation of a large-scale government Web site in order to generate consensus for site redesign and a clear typology of users. Each method was selected by an interdisciplinary research team to bring to the study a convergence of approaches across the fields of human computer interaction, information science, health communication, and social marketing. Researchers can use the study framework in optimizing their own program of organizational and user research, particularly if they are designing and testing large-scale information-rich sites with varied content accessed by a diverse set of users.


This paper deals with adaptive force control of the two dimensional milling process. The resultant feed is adjusted to regulate cutting force at the desired value. The distribution of the feed to x and y axes is accomplished by the CNC interpolator. Several methods are presented for softening large overshoot of cutting force caused by sudden changes in the workpiece geometry. Experimental results are presented to validate the proposed approach.


• We present a novel method to detect temporally correlated sources in EEG by using the surface Laplacian in LCMV beamforming. • EEG data were simulated using a boundary element method (BEM) and realistic geometry forward model. • We validate the method by applying it to the well known problem of source reconstruction under binaural auditory stimulation. g r a p h i c a l a b s t r a c t a b s t r a c t Beamforming offers a way to estimate the solution to the inverse problem in EEG and MEG but is also known to perform poorly in the presence of highly correlated sources, e.g. during binaural auditory stimulation , when both left and right primary auditory cortices are activated simultaneously. Surface Laplacian, or the second spatial derivative calculated from the electric potential, allows for deblurring of EEG potential recordings reducing the effects of low skull conductivity and is independent of the reference electrode location. We show that anatomically constrained beamforming in conjunction with the surface Laplacian allows for detection of both locations and dynamics of temporally correlated sources in EEG. Whole-head 122 channel binaural stimulus EEG data were simulated using a boundary element method (BEM) and realistic geometry forward model. We demonstrate that in contrast to conventional potential-based EEG beamforming, Laplacian beamforming allows to determine locations of correlated source dipoles without any a priori assumption about the number of sources. We also show (by providing simulations of auditory evoked potentials) that the dynamics at the detected source locations can be derived from subsets of electrodes. Deblurring auditory evoked potential maps subdivides EEG signals from each hemisphere and allows for the beamformer to be applied separately for left and right hemispheres.


More and more companies are migrating applications to the cloud nowadays. It is important to develop a migration strategy to determine what applications should be migrated and in which order. In this paper, we research from the perspective of data exchange, define the cost of data exchange and build a comprehensive data exchange model, which takes the cost of data exchange and network delay into consideration. Based on this model, we get the optimal objective function using the hill climbing algorithm. The simulation results show that the cost of data exchange decreased obviously.


Effects of an orifice on suppression of pressure oscillation in a fluid feeding line are investigated numerically through the installation of an orifice inside the feeding line. Based on linear acoustic theory, acoustic-damping effect of an orifice is emphasized in this study. When an orifice is installed at the node of pressure oscillation corresponding to the anti-node of velocity oscillation, damping capacity is maximized. On the other hand, the orifice installed at the anti-node of pressure oscillation has little damping capacity. As the blockage ratio and thickness of an orifice increase in the feeding line, damping factor increases. The feeding line with smaller diameter has more damping capacity, but damping factor increases more appreciably with blockage ratio in the feeding line with larger diameter.


This research aims to analyze, from the perspective of teachers, the contradictions and tensions that arise in the encounter between vulnerable students and the school's official culture. The subjects of this qualitative research, of phenomenological inspiration, are eight primary school teachers from public and private subsidized schools of the Bio-Bio Region, Chile. The perception of the interviewed teachers give clear indications of a complex transition from the non-acceptance and rejection of students to their acceptance as legitimate others. The results obtained show that the co-construction of knowledge, desirable from the constructivist point of view of learning, is only achieved when teachers reach the stage of accepting their students as legitimate others.


This article describes a large (713 page) manuscript: Cambridge, Gonville and Caius College, ms. 290/682, which is a paginated copy of Peter Lombard's Sentences. Approximately 175 of its pages cont...


Every day, people communicate millions of spoken and unspoken messages. Among the unspoken messages or non verbal messages is the exposed cleavage. For anybody that sizes up a lady, the eyes naturally go to any exposed cleavage. Attraction or attention appears instant. The question therefore is: why the trend of women exposing their cleavage with skintight blouses or dresses? If the goal of ladies who expose their cleavages is to attract attention, then the exposed feminine cleavage, with its attention grabbing quality, could work like magic. This study sought to establish the predominant impressions created by the non-verbal message of the exposed feminine cleavage. Two qualitative research designs – Focus Group Discussion and In-depth Interviews – were used to study 'beholders' perceptions of the exposed feminine cleavage. The results of the study established the message of the exposed cleavage as attention capturing and seductive. Moderation in dressing was recommended by the study so that the incidents of rape and sexual harassments associated with suggestive dressing would be reined in. Keywords: Non verbal impressions, exposed feminine cleavage, attention grabbing, non-verbal message


The field of public diplomacy has lacked theoretical frameworks to guide research and practice. This article is an attempt to supply a potentially useful theoretical model. The cascading network activation model, developed to explain the spread and dominance of different framings of U.S. foreign policy in the American media, is extended here to the international communication process. The article focuses on how to theorize about the success and failure of efforts by the U.S. government to promote favorable framing of its policies in foreign news media.The success of these efforts, termed "mediated U.S. public diplomacy," depends most importantly on political cultural congruency between the United States and the targeted nation, as well as on the strategy, power, and motivations of foreign elites to promote positive news of the United States in their own media. The article explores the difficulties faced and the (less numerous) opportunities enjoyed by the U.S. President and administration to attain their objectives. The model proposed is generalizable to other countries' efforts to engage in mediated public diplomacy as well.


A BSTRACT . We give an explicit description of the automorphism group of a product of complete toric varieties over an arbitrary field in terms of the respective automorphism groups of its components. More precisely, we prove that, up to permutation of isomorphic components, an automorphism of a product corresponds to a product of automorphisms of its components. We also reprove, in modern language, the classic result by Demazure describing the group-scheme of automorphisms of a complete toric variety over an arbitrary field.


Purpose – Understanding the impact of country effect on financial performance is important for service firms as they continue to grow and operate across national borders. The purpose of this paper is to empirically quantify the impact of country and several country-specific variables on firm performance in the service sector by estimating the portion of variation in firm performance attributed to these factors. Design/methodology/approach – Using hierarchical linear models, the authors estimate the proportion of variation driven by country effects. These estimates are obtained from a data panel of 16,051 units from 3,345 service firms across 32 countries over a seven-year time frame (2001-2007). Findings – In the analysis, home country explains approximately 11 percent of the variance in performance. Additionally, the authors find that six country-specific variables, namely, quality of governance, openness to trade, wealth, growth rate, uncertainty avoidance and individualism collectively explain 10 perce...


Chiral binaphthol and its derivatives are important organic compounds,which are widely used in asymmitric synthesis.In this paper(R)-3,3′-dicarboxylic acid-1,1′-binaphthylol was obtained from chiral binaphthol through three steps.The total yield was 68%.The structures of the derivatives are characterized by the infrared spectrum,ultra-violet spectrum and elemental analysis.


Hope has long been considered a relevant variable in medical disciplines, but little attention has been paid to the concept, and its clinical and research implications, in psychiatry. This article illuminates the topic of hope from four different perspectives relevant to psychiatric research and practice. The four authors discuss hope from the viewpoint of their specific area of expertise, providing an overview of philosophical, conceptual, research and recovery-related reflections concerning hope in psychiatry.


Sericin solutions were prepared by boiling water extraction method and high temperature and pressure method,then further degraded in hot water(90 ℃).Several kinds of sericin powders with different molecular weight were obtained by freeze drying method from sericin solutions.The difference of hot water solubility of the prepared sericin powders were investigated and the reason was analyzed.The results showed that the solubility was seriously increased with extension of time of hot water treatment.The difference of hot water solubility mainly resulted from the molecular weight distribution of sericin powders,while scarcely affected by the content of crytal structure.


The bogong moth, Agrotis infusa (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is used as an example of aerial dispersal of a potential plant pest from Australia that is often collected during spring and summer months of the year in New Zealand. Adult male and female bogong moths arrive from Australia on westerly blown winds, and have been identified in collections from light traps in 4 out of 13 years of continuous trapping in the 1980s and 1990s at Pukekohe. Bogong moth larvae have not been known to survive a winter in New Zealand although live A. infusa larvae were collected from lettuce at Pukekohe, New Zealand, in February 2005 indicating that females had migrated from Australia and laid eggs. Synoptic maps were examined for spring/summer 2004/05. These illustrated that prevailing winds at Pukekohe were from the northwest quarter during spring/summer 2004/05. No A. infusa were found infesting leafy vegetable trap crops or identified from a light trap monitored in the same area in 2005/06. Notes are given on some recent pests and diseases that may have arrived to New Zealand via wind assisted dispersal.


In this paper, a dual-view three-dimensional (3-D) display is reported to provide two different high-quality 3-D images in different viewing zones simultaneously. By introducing an improved integral imaging system, which consists of a display panel, a large-pitch lens array, and a directional diffuser screen, two different 3-D images can be reconstructed in different wide viewing zones with high 3-D resolution. In addition, a high accurate pickup method based on projective transformation is presented. A prototype of the proposed dual-view 3-D display is developed and it has good performance.


Background: Nut consumption is associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Almonds, in addition to their cholesterol‐lowering properties, have been shown to reduce oxidized LDL concentrations. However, their effect on other markers of lipid peroxidation is unknown.


With the rapid development of microgrid (MG), the optimal operation of MG is one of the key technologies researched in the power field currently. The optimal operation is very important to the management of microgrid. This paper proposes a complementary microgrid that inputs solar energy and natural gas energy, supplying three types of loads: cooing, heat, electricity. Based on establishing a mathematical model for device in the microgrid, a model for optimizing operation of the complementary microgrid considering the different loads in different seasons is proposed. This model considers the multiple demands for three types of loads, and aims at the lowest total operation and maintenance cost of the multienergy complementary microgrid. During the operation, the optimization strategy of "Follow Electricity Load" is adopted to solve the mismatching of multiple loads. Finally, through the case study of the complementary microgrid based on the student dormitory, the energy consumption and total operation and maintenance cost are compared with separate supply system for cooling, thermal and electricity load, which verifies the feasibility and economy of the proposed model for optimizing operation.