The A47 Great Yarmouth wester bypass was constructed between September 1982 and March 1986. The design brief was to provide a road across very soft alluvial deposits with a low maintenance requirement without a significantly high capital expenditure. The design that evolved comprised installation of band drains, construction of a reinforced granular mattress, staged constuction with settlement periods, surcharging and finally a continually reinforced concrete road base. Special features comprised two unpiled underpasses designed integrally with the roadbase, to settle at the same rate as the road and the placement of polystyrene fill to reduce diffential settlement and lateral loading onto the piles af an adjacent bridge over the Great Yarmouth to Norwich railway. This interim report presents the results of the first three years of monitoring the rate of settlement, as part of a five year project.


ABSTRACT African elites commonly recruit co-ethnic soldiers into state security institutions, a practice known as ethnic stacking. Ethnic stacking has recently received considerable attention from scholars and been linked to authoritarian repression, coups, and political violence. This article employs evidence from Sudan to argue that ethnic stacking is not one coherent tactic but several, and can manifest across multiple identities, multiple institutions, and at different points in the security force hierarchy. Moreover, the effects of ethnic stacking can be mediated by which institutions are stacked and whether stacking is restricted to the leadership or encompasses an entire security force.


'ArpeiSav (for the Doric vocalization in anapaests, see Fraenkel on A. Ag. 1569). Fr. 910,2: <f>tpert In the next line, Radt rightly rejects Conington's conjecture. 950,2: this protects Ant. 607. 1005: cf. Parthenius fr. 615 SH. 1048: cf. Callimachus fr. 301 SH. 1069: in line 3, read rroXv. 1070: in line 3 of app. crit, read pertinere. 1130: The text about Oeneus (Phineus) in P. Oxy. 1083 appears among the Dubia et Spuria; in line 6, read wfx(f>ioi.


Background Management of Crohn's disease (CD) is a clinical challenge. In terms of an evidence-based approach, clinical guidelines help to deal with this challenge. However, little is known about guideline adherence concerning the management of CD in Germany. Objective To survey German gastroenterologists with regards to their guideline adherence in daily clinical care. Method A web-based national survey was conducted among German gastroenterologists. Results A total of 175 inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) practitioners responded to the survey. Overall, in the different clinical situations covered in the questionnaire guideline adherence is good. However, the 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) prescribing habits represent a striking exception. About 10–36% use 5-ASA as mono-therapy in CD, depending on the clinical scenario. Predominantly it is used in mild CD and in colonic involvement. To maintain a surgically achieved remission, therapeutic decisions broadly rely on individual approaches with azathioprine and 5-ASA being used by about 30% of the respondents. Cessation of smoking as a "therapeutic" strategy of maintenance therapy is used by only half of the surveyed physicians. Conclusion Amongst German IBD practitioners, the guideline adherence is good overall. Reflecting ongoing uncertainty about the efficacy of mesalazine, its use in Crohn's disease is still heterogeneous.


This paper compares the efficiency of line successive overrelaxation (LSOR) with a two-dimensional correction procedure (2DC), the iterative, alternating direction implicit procedure (ADI), and the strongly implicit procedure (SIP) to solve finite-difference equations used to simulate several groundwater reservoirs. Three of the reservoirs are linear, two are isotropic areal problems, and the third is an anisotropic cross-section simulation. The fourth is a nonlinear water table aquifer with areas of thin saturation. SIP is generally the best method for the linear simulations and with the addition of another iteration parameter is the only method that gives an adequate rate of convergence for the water table problem. LSOR with 2DC is competitive with SIP on isotropic and anisotropic linear problems that are dominated by no-flow boundaries. ADI is generally more efficient than LSOR if a good set of iteration parameters are used, but this advantage is offset by the relative ease of finding the best acceleration parameter for LSOR.


Through the implicit connections between risk, safety, protection and, last but not least, resiliency, that need to be managed, critical infrastructures have become a subject of increasing interest both for specialists and for academics. Based on this premise, this article analyzes in terms of operational performance several internationally used solutions for assessing resilience, having in view the desire to choose the best in order to be presented in some specialized disciplines of the postgraduate curricula that are annually presented in the educational offer of the Land Forces Academy. The authors also present their own vision on approaching the resilience of critical infrastructures so that it can harmoniously be integrated into the security plans of the holders or operators of such special assets.


The issue focuses on the influence of Guangxi' s Present Situation on its development of tourism, and concludes with way of developing tourism in Guangxi.


The main aim of the study is to formulate and evaluate hydrogel containing azithromycin and silver nanoparticles to treat wound dressing, burn infections, acne, Pharyngitis and Tonsillitis, psoriasis, etc. The Silver nanoparticles were prepared by green synthesis approach with the help of reduction of silver nitrate by Azadirachta indica leaves extract. Azithromycin was chosen as antimicrobial drug, however it shows adverse effect when administered in high dose, hence to reduce dose of azithromycin it was decided to make formulation containing silver nanoparticles and azithromycin. The drug loading and drug delivery techniques were searched for topical as well as bone grafting purpose. Initially mixing of Silver nanoparticles, Azithromycin and Bis acrylamide in ammonium persulphate were done and added N, N dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate (DEM) to form semisolid mass that is hydrogel. Hydrogel formulation was found fantastic results with azithromycin and silver nanoparticles. The compatibility study was done for silver nanoparticles with polymer and azithromycin and all are found compatible with each other. All the formulations were characterized for consistency, spreadability, efficacy, safety and stability. From all F1-F12 Hydrogel Formulations F4 batch was optimized by parameters like pH measurement, spreadability, Drug content, Drug release and antimicrobial assay. So F4 batch was further evaluated for SEM, XRD, FTIR, skin Irritation study and showed good results. Hydrogel formulation of azithromycin and silver nanoparticles formulated for Azithromycin as a antimicrobial drug, however it shows adverse effect when administered in high dose, hence to reduce dose of azithromycin it was decided to make formulation containing silver nanoparticles and azithromycin. It was concluded that formulation was compatible with animal as well as human being with excellent evaluation results. nanoparticles Silver nanoparticles were reported to have good antimicrobial activity in lower concentration and can combine with other antimicrobial agent to get synergistic effect. Hydrogel was formulated and was found fantastic results with azithromycin and silver nanoparticles. The compatibility study was done and silver nanoparticles with polymer and azithromycin found compatible with each other. From all F1-F12 Hydrogel Formulations, F4 batch was optimized by various parameters and showed good results. From the results it was concluded that the optimized hydrogel formulation will be used to treat wound dressing, burn infections, acne, pharyngitis and tonsillitis, psoriasis, etc.


The invention discloses a synchronous transmission mechanism of a roller furnace without a charging basket, comprising a main driving mechanism, a transitional speed reduction unit, a branch speed reduction unit and transmission rollers; the main driving mechanism comprises a driving motor and a main speed reducer, wherein the driving motor is connected with an input shaft of the main speed reducer; the transitional speed reduction unit comprises at least one transitional speed reducer, wherein the input end of the transitional speed reduction unit is connected with an output shaft of the main speed reducer; the branch speed reduction unit comprises at least one branch speed reducer, wherein the input end of the branch speed reducer is connected with an output shaft of the transitional speed reducer; and all connection parts are connected by transmission shafts with couplings at two ends, and each branch speed reducer respectively drives one transmission roller. The synchronous transmission mechanism of the invention has long service life and simple structure, is convenient for assembly and disassembly and can realize synchronous transmission of multilayer rollers.


The design of 16 bits digit signal processor is Completed.The instructions and architectural structure of digit signal processor design is aimed at treatment of signal processor,The instructions are 88,the cell figure of the core of digit signal processor is 12799 after synthesis.The 16 bits fixed-point DSP system is the single emission,multi-address /data bus maintaining data flowing in four cycles of pipeline from place to place,Decentralized register composition,most instructions finishing in one cycle.The digit signal processor embodies the center arithmetic logic unit,Multiplier unit,Shifter unit,Sequencing unit,Auxiliary register unit,interception unit.The center arithmetic logic unit is carrying out plus/sub calculation and logic operation,The carry being the selection carry link,adopting the saturated handle to cope with the data spills;The multiplier unit adopts the BOOTH algorithm and carry lookahead adder;In accordance with Difference sequencing source such as interceptions,second word of the instruction,Accumulator,stack,the sequencing unit designs different path.Moreover,in term of ZLVC register,Designs the conditional branch instruction;The Auxiliary register unit chooses one carry with contrary to orientation carry to achieve the FFT algorithm demand;The interception unit,Adopts two steps of interceptions,great stack conserved the address,"scour"Technique in pipeline.


. Here, we investigate the relationships between G ( A ) , the union of Gerˇsgorin disks, K ( A ) , the union of Brauer ovals of Cassini, and B ( A ) , the union of Brualdi lemniscate sets, for eigenvalue inclusions of an n × n complex matrix A . If σ ( A ) denotes the spectrum of A , we show here that σ ( A ) ⊆ B ( A ) ⊆ K ( A ) ⊆ G ( A ) is valid for any weakly irreducible n × n complex matrix A with n ≥ 2 . Further, it is evident that B ( A ) can contain the spectra of related n × n matrices. We show here that the spectra of these related matrices can fill out B ( A ) . Finally, if G R ( A ) denotes the minimal Gerˇsgorin set for A , we show that G R ( A ) ⊆ B ( A ) .


The ability of gaining visual information from the environment can be of utmost importance for visually impaired and blind people. Our experimental system, consisting of a cell phone and a compact cellular visual computer, is able to detect and recognize objects and understand basic events around the user in predefined situations to help them in everyday tasks. We developed algorithms for two important new tasks: pedestrian crosswalk detection and identification of gender pictograms.


A simply and manually-operated multipurpose fruit juice extractor was designed, constructed and its performance was evaluated in terms of juice yield, extraction efficiency, juice content, extraction loss and extraction capacity. The machine has two major parts which are: the extraction chamber and the structural frame. The extraction chamber is made of stainless steel and consists of a turning handle (f24.5 x 400mm), screw rod (f32 x 620 mm), compression plate (f100 mm), perforated inner cylinder (f115 x 180 mm), non-perforated outer cylinder (f120 x 180 mm) and discharge pipe. The structural frame (350 mm x 415 mm x 60 mm) is made of mild steel of U-channel section. The machine basically works on the principle of transmission of compressive force to rupture the juice cells of the fruit for the liberation of juice. Sweet orange, watermelon, red apple, green apple, pineapple, lime, lemon and grape were used for the performance evaluation process. Results obtained showed that pineapple had the highest values of juice yield (68.74%),juice content (66.40%), extraction capacity (92.85 g/min) and extraction efficiency (82.99%) while sweet orange and lime had the lowest extraction loss and extraction capacity of 1.67% and  29.81 (g/min) respectively.


Thermal and hydrothermal treatments have been applied to an amorphous TiO2 precursor for obtaining nanosized TiO2 particles (P11t and P11h, respectively) of different photocatalytic properties. The activity of these catalysts has been tested by performing the toluene oxidation in gas phase in a continuous photoreactor. A Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) investigation of the catalysts under conditions prevailing during the test photoreaction has also been carried out. The photoreactivity results showed that CO2 was the main oxidation product and benzaldehyde a stable intermediate. Anatase P11t photoactivity was similar to that observed for commercial photocatalysts, while anatase P11h presented a marked improvement. The FTIR study on these samples indicate that P11h has a higher number of hydrogen-bonded hydroxyl groups that are more stable under RT outgassing than P11t. The higher photoactivity of P11h is attributed to the participation of these hydrogen-bonded hydroxyls in the toluene conversion to CO2. FTIR spectra also suggest that benzaldehyde, the minor oxidation product, originates from toluene adsorbed on isolated hydroxyls. Benzaldehyde is more strongly adsorbed on P11h than on P11t; the presence of water vapor in the reacting mixture, however, facilitates its desorption and/or photooxidation.


Abstract This paper presents an ex-post facto research design. This study aims to obtain information about the relationship between someone's Naturalist Intelligence and New Environmental Paradigm ( NEP ) in natural resources. The study conducted in November 2018. Population were students in Department of Biology Education academic year 2018/2019. A sampling technique used simple random sampling. The sample consisted of 35 students. Data collection technique used written test, documentation, observation, and questionnaire. A regression test obtained equation Ŷ = 54,274 + 0,370X. It means that a simple regression analysis is significant and linear. A correlation coefficient (r y ) between Naturalist Intelligence and New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) is 0.479. Null hypothesis (H 0 ) is rejected and alternative hypothesis (H 1 ) is accepted. It concluded that Naturalist Intelligence makes a moderate contribution to the New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) of Students. Keywords: Naturalist Intelligence, Study of Banten Concept, Natural Resources, New Environmental Paradigm (NEP).


Objective This study was aimed to identify determinants of HIV infection among children born from mothers on the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) programme in Southern Ethiopia. It was designed to explore the main contributors to the considerable transmission rate of HIV from mother to child. Setting and design A multicentre facility-based unmatched case–control study was conducted using 27 health facilities providing PMTCT service in Southern Ethiopia. Participants Out of 307 (62 cases and 245 controls) expected to participate in this study, a total of 290 mother–child pairs of 58 cases and 232 controls have completed the interview. Cases were children born to mothers on PMTCT programme and with DNA PCR or antibody HIV positive test result at ≤24 months of age. Controls were children born to mothers on PMTCT programme and with DNA PCR or antibody HIV negative test result at ≤24 months of age. Result Data were collected from the mother and record and analysed using SPSS V.20. Logistic regression analysis was done for statistical association and the significance of association was declared at a p value of <0.05. Rural residence (adjusted OR (AOR): 4.15, 95% CI: (1.57 to 10.97)), knowing serostatus during current pregnancy (AOR: 5.11, 95% CI: (1.33 to 19.69)), home delivery (AOR: 6.00, 95% CI: (2.310 to 15.593)), poor partner involvement (AOR: 5.95, 95% CI: 1.91 to 18.53)), poor adherence, late enrolment of the child for ARV prophylaxis (AOR: 4.89, 95% CI: 1.34 to 17.88)), mixed breastfeeding practice (AOR: 10.36, 95% CI: (3.10 to 34.60)) and failure to be on cotrimoxazole therapy (AOR: 7.56, 95% CI: 2.07 to 27.61)) were factors significantly associated with MTCT. Conclusion The finding implies that more needs to be done on rural residents, strengthening screening for HIV before pregnancy, encouraging male involvement, early enrolment of child for ARV prophylaxis, avoiding mixed breast feeding and putting newborn on cotrimoxazole therapy.


As reconfigurable processor hardware is inherently parallel,compiler should determine the best execution mode by analyzing the parallelism.So this paper proposes a parallel optimal algorithm based on reconfigurable processor.The parallel computing part of Direct Acyclic Graph(DAG) is mapped to reconfigurable processor.The task compiler can cover parallelism at three different levels: Instruction-Level Parallelism(ILP),Loop-Level Parallelism(LLP),and Thread-Level Parallelism(TLP).Test result shows that the algorithm leads to an average 1.2-fold speed increase compared with to original systems.


Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of spiral computed tomography (CT) with three-dimensional(3D) reconstruction for preventing severe hemorrhage with percutaneous nephrolithotomy.Methods:From Oct 2005 to Aug 2006,26 patients with renal calculi(17 mmX31 mm~28 mmX57 mm,mean27 mmX38 mm) underwent three-dimensional reconstruction (3DCT) . After unenhanced CT of the abdomen, a high-resolution contrast-enhanced scan was taken through the kidneys. Data were analysed using multiplanar reconstruction and three-dimensional reformatting.Results:In 3DCT there were 10 staghorn calculi, 5 mutiple renal caculi, 6 caliceal and diverticular calculi , 5 renal pelvic calculi. 3DCT provided a good map of the pelvicalyceal system (PCS) and renal vascular. With reconstructed images, subjectively the 3D imaging provided an advantage over conventional imaging in optimizing nephrostomy placement. ALL patients had percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), the stone-free rate was 92% , no severe hemorrhage was recorded.Conclusions:Computed tomography (CT) with three-dimensional(3D) reconstruction enables an accurate and confident, reproducible prediction of the site of stones in pelvicalyceal anatomy and renal vascular anatomy , optimal site(s) for placing the percutaneous track, and prevent severe hemorrhage when placing the track, 3DCT should become an imaging method for planning PCNL in patients with renal calculi.


This article aims to explain that critical content analysis  can be employed to dismantle ideology and power behind rhetoric and visual portraits conveyed in financial statement.  Literature study was used as methodology. The results indicate that reality can be deconstructed by means of lslamic teaching.


Ruud Oudega and colleagues are to be lauded for their paper 1 on the effectiveness of the history and physical findings in diagnosing deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Contrary to previous work they have recruited a sufficient number of consecutive patients at the primary care level to examine the diagnostic performance of 17 different predictors. They conclude, that these do not differentiate to an acceptable degree between patients who have DVT and those who have not. However, I would like to take issue with this conclusion. I would even suggest that their data show how well the history and physical signs predict the occurrence of DVT. The overall prevalence of DVT in their sample was 29% which is well in the range of secondary or tertiary care samples. Given that the study was conducted in general practice this is an very high proportion. I can imagine that the diagnosis was—however remotely—considered in a much larger number of patients. The participating GPs have succeeded in raising the prevalence of DVT from below 1% (my guess for the prevalence of DVT among all practice attenders) to 29% by selecting patients for inclusion in the study. Of course the only criteria available to them were the history and physical findings. It should not come as a surprise, that in the sample thus generated the discrimination by historical and physical items was poor. One could say, that these had done their job already. In fact, participating GPs have produced a sample in which the traditional diagnostic means had been exhausted and further tests, such as D-dimer, were indicated. Rather than specifying "suspected DVT" as the entry criterion, which seems to represent the end rather than the start of GPs' reasoning process, patients should had been selected on the basis of a specific symptom, e.g. pain in one leg or swelling (or both), irrespective of the probability of DVT assumed by the GP. 2 I agree with the authors that the history and physical findings will not give a definite answer in a large proportion of patients. However, to define the population in need of further testing there is only one means—the history and physical findings.


Identification of a person is of paramount importance in a medico-legal investigation. At present more and more people use protecting lipsticks and permanent lipsticks. With these lipsticks a latent lip print is generated by contact with a surface and, like with the latent fingerprints occur, this latent lip print can be developed. This study aims to retrieve latent lip prints from various inanimate surfaces like thermocoal plate, bone china, and glass to compare the efficacy of developers i.e., fingerprint powder, Sudan III, Vermillion, and its comparison with standard lipstick prints. Current research assesses the effectiveness of particular surfaces in the retrieval of lip print in personnel identification. This study included a total of 30 subjects. Latent lip print was developed on the different inanimate surfaces by pressing the lips against the different vehicles. After collecting samples, a camel hair brush was used to retrieve all three chemicals individually by simply tapping on all three surfaces. Application of chemicals was continued until the print became clearly visible for the study. Developed latent lip print was then compared with the visible lip print. Subsequently, a standard lipstick print was developed from the same subject. All the samples were coded and graded according to the patterns suggested in the literature. Discrete (categorical) data were summarized in number and percentage and compared by chi-square (χ2) test. Analyses were performed on SPSS software (Windows version 17.0).: The overall (i.e., total of all three surfaces) favourable outcome was found highest in Fingerprint powder (58.9%) followed by Sudan III (28.9%) and Vermilion (10.0%) the least (Vermilion < Sudan III < Fingerprint powder).Comparing the overall outcomes of three developers, χ2 test showed significantly different and higher favourable outcome in Fingerprint powder as compared to both Sudan III and Vermilion (χ2=92.09, p<0.001) The study found Fingerprint powder the best developer and Thermocol plate the best surface. The findings of this study may be beneficial for investigators.


This course guide will provide you with the necessary resources to complete your research paper for HY 430: Thinking and Believing.


The EUCJ has brought hyperlinking on the internet under the right of communication to the public. This article argues that this decision decreases copyright protection and increases the risks for internet users and companies, especially if it is unclear whether the availability of the works on a referred site is authorized by the rightsholder. Indirect infringement is put forward as an alternative.


2 Introduction In the April edition of this magazine1 Ron Majors, in his annual report on new columns and accessories from the Pittsburgh conference, reported how at the 2002 conference the largest number of product introductions were for biomolecule separations and for liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). He went on to state that speciality HPLC columns for chiral compounds, biomolecules, combinational chemistry, carbohydrate analysis and LC–MS represented the largest category of entries. Supporting these products was an increase in capillary and nano-LC columns for LC–MS. But more important the support accessories (e.g., mixers, valves and connecting tubes) were also shown for the new capillary columns. Our immediate response was to say "about time"; at last we are starting to realize the advantages of moving to capillary systems and at last instrument and column manufacturers are starting to introduce the products. We have read and understood many articles over the last 35 years talking about the advantages of capillary columns; this includes the first paper we are aware of in microcolumn LC by Horvath2 who used 0.5–1.0 mm i.d. stainless steel columns packed with large pellicular materials (15 μm) for the separation of ribonucleotides. This like many other classic papers was ignored until the mid 1970s when Ishii demonstrated the use of slurry-packed PTFE columns.3 This work was performed with 1.0 mm i.d. columns, which in the late 1970s was really pushing the instrumentation boundaries, particularly for pumps, micro-injectors and, especially, detectors. From these developments we then saw the classic work that really laid down the foundations of the miniaturization of LC columns by Novonty.4 But here we are in the 21st century and we are only just starting to see the expansion of capillary and maybe nanocolumns into the laboratory and out of the hands of researchers. Why is this so when all the work of Novonty and others has shown so many advantages in terms of sample size, small volumetric flow-rates, and the enhanced detection performance that can be obtained by using concentration-sensitive detection devices.5 The answer must lie in the old "Catch 22" circular argument of needs versus instrumentation versus new applications versus existing applications and that it is only now with the new breed of mass spectrometer and the new requirements in the fields of genomics that manufacturers are developing the instrumentation for miniaturization in LC columns.


The Papanicolaou (Pap) smear was introduced in 1941, became the standard screening test for cervical cancer and premalignant lesions, and is being used globally. To estimate the frequency of various epithelial abnormalities on Pap smear in postmenopausal women and assess their relation with parity, clinical symptoms and per speculum findings. Prospective Pap procedure was done on 400 postmenopausal women from November 2017 to June 2019 and smears were stained and cytological interpretation was made according to the 2014 Bethesda system.Out of 97.5% satisfactory smears, 17.9%, 26.2% and 55.9% were diagnosed as of epithelial abnormalities, normal cytology and inflammatory and other benign conditions respectively. ASCUS-mean age was 45.18 years and parity of 3. Patients were either asymptomatic or presented with white discharge. Incidence among epithelial abnormalities was 31.5% with overall incidence of 5.6%. LSIL- mean age was 48.11 years and parity of 4 and presented with white discharge and lower abdominal pain. Incidence was 37.2% among epithelial abnormalities with overall incidence of 6.7%. HSIL- mean age was 58.78 years with parity of >/=5, presented with white discharge and lower abdominal pain. Incidence among epithelial abnormalities was 27% with overall incidence of 4.8%. SCC -mean age was 58.6 years and parity of >/=5, presented with white discharge, postmenopausal bleed and something coming out of p/v. Incidence was 4.2% among epithelial abnormalities with overall incidence of 0.8%. Pap smear is a simple, cheap, safe and gold standard diagnostic tool for screening postmenopausal women.


Composite Products Inc. (CPI) in conjunction with the University of Missouri - Rolla (UMR) designed and built an all-composite bridge that was installed at the UMR campus. The bridge spanned 30 feet and was 9 feet wide. The bridge was designed to AASHTO H20 load rating. UMR has conducted extensive Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and testing on the bridge. The building block of the bridge is a pultruded 3 inches square tube. The tubes was bonded and screwed together using adhesive to form eight layers. The first and seventh layers are carbon reinforced with inside and outside layers of ±45 stitched fiberglass mat. The matrix was vinyl ester resin with flame retardant additives. The carbon tubes were produced by CPI at Lemay Center for Composite Technology (LCCT). The remaining glass reinforced tubes were manufactured by Bedford Reinforced Plastics. CPI assembled the bridge at LCCT and was transported in one piece to UMR. The bridge has fiber optic sensors built into the structure. The paper gives an overview of the project summarizing the FEA; component testing; static and fatigue testing of bridge main structural element; and installation.


The art gallery problem [2] asks for the smallest possible size of a point set S (the guards) to completely guard the interior of a simple polygon P (the art gallery). This thesis treats variations of the original problem that arise when we introduce a coloring of the guards. Rather than asking for the minimum number of guards we ask for the minimum number of colors. In [4] L. H. Erickson and S. M. LaValle introduced the following coloring: Two guards should be given different colors if their visibility regions intersect. What is the minimum number of colors required to color any guard set of P? We call this number the strong chromatic guard number of P, χsG(P). In the first part of the thesis (chapter 3) we show that for all positive integers n: there exists a polygon Pn with n vertices and χsG(Pn) = Ω(n) and an orthogonal polygon Pn with n vertices and χsG(Pn) = Ω( √ n). In the main part of the thesis (chapters 4 and 5) we show that when slightly changing the problem definition by using a conflict-free coloring of the guards, we can get polylogarithmic upper bounds for the conflictfree chromatic guard number χcfG(P): for all orthogonal polygon Pn with n vertices, χcfG(Pn) = O(log n) and for all polygon Pn with n vertices, χcfG(Pn) = O((log n)2).


Cuc AV, Locke DEC, Duncan N, Fields JA, Snyder CH, Hanna S, Lunde A, Smith GE, Chandler M. A pilot randomized trial of two cognitive rehabilitation interventions for mild cognitive impairment: caregiver outcomes. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2017; 32: e180–e187. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/gps.4689 In the above mentioned article, changes have been made in the "Results" and "Discussion" sections, tables 1 and 2, and figure 1. An additional figure 2 has also been added.


Objective Todetect the level of serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and investigate its clinical significance.Methods Double antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to detect serum MMP-9 level. Serum MMP-9 level in 28 healthy persons was compared with that in the 67 SLE patients ( 49 patients at active phase, 18 patients at stable stage), and serum MMP-9 level was compared in 16 patients at active stage before and after the treatmen.Results Serum MMP-9 level in SLE patients was significantly lower that in the normal controls (P0.01); there was no significant difference between the active and stable groups (P0.05), and the serum MMP-9 level was not relevant to clinical manifestations. Serum MMP-9 level in the group with positve anti-Sm antiboy was distinctly lower than that in the group with negative anti-Sm antibody (P0.01), and serum MMP-9 level in the group with increased level of IgM was markedly lower than that in the group with decreased level of IgM(P0.01). There was no significant difference between serum IgG group and serum C3 group (P0.05). As for 16 patients in the active group, there was no significant difference in serum MMP-9 level between 3 months after treatment and before treatment.Conclusion Serum MMP-9 level in SLE patients is markedly lower than that in the normal controls, but serum MMP-9 level can not display active state of SLE. It is not a good index for active state and therapeutic effect of SLE.


The article discusses the main characteristics of modern Big data technology, as well as provides statistical data on the use of this technology in various fields of activity around the world.


This study explores the kinds and types of dyes used in the Joseon Dynasty. Some literature including『Sanga Yorok』,『Gyuhap Chongseo』,『Imwon Gyeonjeji』 were reviewed for this purpose. The findings are as follows. The colors obtained from the dyes were divided into seven color series, such as red, yellow and orange, green, blue, purple, brown, gray and black. These are practical color categories differed from abstract five cardinal colors【五方色】. The diachronic dyes used during the joseon Dynasty were safflower and Japanese alder bark for red, indigo leaves for blue, gromwell for purple, chestnut tree bark for brown. The representative dyes used in the late Joseon Dynasty were safflower and sappan wood for red, wild pear tree bark and Pentapetes phoenicea for yellow and orange, indigo leaves for blue, sappan wood and gromwell for purple, mulberry tree for brown, and Chinese ink for gray. Common dyes used both in Joseon and China were safflower and sappan wood for red, pagoda tree blossom for yellow, a combination of pagoda tree blossom (or Amur cork tree) and indigo leaves (or sediment) for green, indigo leavers or sediment for blue, sappan wood and hollyhock for purple, and a combination of indigo leaves and Galla Rhois for gray and black


The paper first describes a process that exhibits a power law-type long memory behaviour: the dynamical behaviour of the heap top of falling granular matter such as sand. Fractional modelling is proposed for this process, and some drawbacks and difficulties associated to fractional models are reviewed and illustrated with the sand pile process. Alternative models that solve the drawbacks and difficulties mentioned while producing power law-type long memory behaviours are presented.


A thesis submitted to the directorate of research and graduate training in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Science in food science and of
 technology of Makerere University


The understanding of basalt petrogenesis at the Apollo 14 site has increased markedly due to the study of 'new' samples from breccia 'pull-apart' efforts. Whole-rock compositions of 26 new high alumina (HA) and 7 very high potassium (VHK) basalts emphasize the importance of combined assimilation and fractional crystallization in a lunar regime. Previously formulated models for HA and VHK basalt petrogenesis are modified in order to accomodate these new data, although modeling parameters are essentially the same. The required range in HA basalt compositions is generated by the assimilation of KREEP by a 'primitive' parental magma. The VHK basalts can be generated by three parental HA basalts assimilating granite. Results indicate that VHK basalt compositions are dominated by the parental magma, and only up to 8 percent granite assimilation is required. This modeling indicates that at least three VHK basalt flows must be present at the Apollo 14 site.


This dataset focuses on content analysis of multimodal data using NVivo. It was collected as part of a research project carried out across two UK universities with the aim of better understanding three key aspects of pedagogy.

Firstly, we wanted to ascertain how new knowledge can emerge during pedagogical activities which reflect the complexity of the real world.

Secondly, we wanted to assess the extent to which choice in the mode of expression affected student responses to a discovery learning activity.

Thirdly, we wanted to evaluate the extent to which collaboration could enrich both the collation and the analysis of qualitative data.

The example focuses on how students can be empowered to collect rich and multimodal data which can then facilitate developments in our understanding of how learning takes place in complex social spaces. The dataset file is accompanied by a teaching guide and a student guide.


Our purpose of this paper is to apply the improved Kudryashov method for solving various types of nonlinear fractional partial differential equations. As an application, the time-space fractional Korteweg-de Vries-Burger (KdV-Burger) equation is solved using this method and we get some new travelling wave solutions. To acquire our purpose a complex transformation has been also used to reduce nonlinear fractional partial differential equations to nonlinear ordinary differential equations of integer order, in the sense of the Jumarie's modified Riemann-Liouville derivative. Afterwards, the improved Kudryashov method is implemented and we get our required reliable solutions where the results are justified by mathematical software Maple-13.


In modern gas turbines, SC (Single Crystal) and DS (Directionally Solidified) nickel alloys are applied which, compared to CC (Conventionally Casting) alloys, hold a higher cyclic life and a significantly improved creep rupture strength. Because SC and DS alloys feature a significant directionally dependence of material properties, the vibration analysis of the SC and DS blade has to be carried out, taking account of the anisotropy of material properties. In the vibration analysis by FEA (Finite Element Analysis), the DS blade has to be modeled approximately as transverse orthotropic material, while the SC blade can be modeled exactly as orthotropic material in lattice directions. In order to design the SC and DS blade with high reliability, it is necessary to establish the analysis model and to clarify the influence of the anisotropy of the material properties on the vibration characteristics of the blade. In this paper, first, the effect of the anisotropy of elastic constants on the vibration characteristics of the SC and DS blade is investigated. Second, the validity of the assumption of the transverse isotropy for the DS blade, which is applied in the current blade design, is examined by Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, the frequency deviation of the SC and DS blade is analyzed by the sensitivity analysis method, and is compared to that of the CC blade.© 2011 ASME


Chemiluminescence (CL)-based technologies have revolutionized in-vivo monitoring of biomolecules. However, significant technical hurdles in probe chemistry have limited the achievement of trigger-controlled, bright and enriched CL signal. Herein, we present a dual-lock strategy by sequence-dependent triggers for bright optical imaging with the integration of real-time fluorescent signal and ultra-sensitive CL signal. These probes can obtain an analyte-triggered accumulation of stable pre-chemiluminophore with aggregation-induced emission (AIE), and then the pre-chemiluminophore exhibits a rapid photooxidation process (1,2-dioxetane generation) by TICT-based free-radical addition, thereby achieving an enrichment and bright CL signal. The dual-lock strategy expands the in vivo toolbox for highly accurate analysis, and has for the first time allowed access to accurately sense and trace biomolecules with high-resolution, dual-mode of chemo-fluoro-luminescence, and three-dimensional (3D) imaging in living animals.


Thanks very much for the article on Teggart of Berkeley in the Winter 1978/79 issue of The American Scholar. I did not, do not, know Teggart or his work to my shame and to my loss but I should and wish I had. Although the word has lost effect through overuse on undeserving subjects, let me say anyway that it was a beautiful piece. It describes, I think, a person and a world too rarely experienced anymore, if ever, by more than a happy and fortunate few. However content in his own work, he and we are fortunate in the sensitive way in which Robert Nisbet has brought him to life again as teacher and friend. He must be puffing along on Cloud Nine.


The present invention discloses a method of using a solid ruthenium-containing spent catalyst prepared nitrosyl ruthenium nitrate, comprising the steps of: a ruthenium-containing spent catalyst after calcination was dried to obtain a solid containing ruthenium black, and the black solid was triturated containing ruthenium to the powder and hydrogen was reduced to ruthenium metal, then using a mixed gas of ozone and air oxidation of metallic ruthenium, ruthenium tetroxide gas generated gas is collected through the addition of solid sodium nitrite into nitric acid solution is prepared containing a ruthenium nitrosyl nitrate solution, Finally ether extract to give a solid of ruthenium nitrosyl nitrate after evaporation diethyl ether. The present invention can more effectively recover ruthenium-containing spent catalyst supported noble metal ruthenium, ruthenium achieve effective recovery and reuse of resources, simple operation steps, it does not involve the introduction, ruthenium intermediate product yield, the solid obtained nitrosyl ruthenium nitrate halogen-free acid, high purity, preparation of the catalyst can be used directly.


Long before there was a spiritualist movement, in the midto late nineteenth century, there were visionaries in Sweden who suggested that they could see spirits. The person who without any doubt has most decisively influenced this tradition in Sweden up to our own time was Emanuel Swedenborg (1688–1772). The son of Bishop Jesper Svedberg, Swedenborg pursued a widely acknowledged scientific career until the 1740s. For the remaining years of his life, he explored the spirit world in visionary states, and worked out the details of the correspondences that he maintained existed between the world of the spirits and our own (see the chapter on Swedenborgianism in Scandinavia). In the 1770s, Duke Charles (later to become King Charles XIII) gathered around himself a circle of esotericists, who met at the royal castle. The principal members of this circle were the spirit visionaries Karl Anders Plommenfelt (b. 1750, died at an unknown date in America), Gustav Björnram (ca. 1745–1801), and Henrik Gustaf Ulfvenklou (1756–1819). In this circle, the first spirit séances in Sweden were held. By the end of the 1780s, the theories of Franz Anton Mesmer (1734–1815) con cern ing animal magnetism were introduced, after Baron Carl Göran Silfver hielm (1759–1808) had received instruction in the practice in Paris. In 1786 the teachings of Swedenborg and Mesmer were united in the practices of Exegetiska och Philantropiska Sällskapet (The Exegetic and Philanthropic Society), a fact that made a form of proto-spiritualist somnambulism known to a wider audience (see Mesmerism in Sweden in the present volume). By the second half of the nineteenth century, interest in similar hypnotic and purportedly paranormal phenomena had spread to representatives of the medical profession, and considerable interest was shown in the Danish magnetic medium Carl Hansen, who in the 1860s demonstrated his abilities to the medical societies of Uppsala and Stockholm.


.COD ،اQUAL2K لدم Nowadays, problems and barriers to supply adequate water and also environmental issues have caused wastewater treatment )WWT( to be considered a high priority. In light of high costs of WWT, using natural capacities to reduce pollution could be potentially significant. In this study, the impact of varying temperature and channel roughness have been investigated on the wastewater quality parameters using the QUAL2K)Q2K( Numerical Model. The results show, as temperature increases, the reduction rate of Biochemical Oxygen Demand )BOD( is more than the Chemical Oxygen Demand )COD( and , nitrate concentration increases. This numerical assessment indicates that the purification rate is too great as temperature rises above 30°C. Also the results indicate that by increasing channel roughness, BOD and COD have descending trends and Ammonium and Phosphorus have ascending trends. According to the obtained results, nitrate )NO3( has decreasing trend when the Manning Roughness Coefficient )n( is higher than 0.04 along the channel, but is reduced when "n" is less than 0.04.


Urbanization is an inevitable part of economic development. Urbanization results in to changes in the land- scape, specifically the proliferation of concrete and impervious surfaces, and the displacement of agriculture and forestland. Understanding these interactions between human activities and their consequences in landscape, is especially important in areas of the world that are experiencing rapid change, where the cu mulat ive impacts of development may be realized too late to trigger mitigation measures. The present study of land transformat ion in Srinagar city aims to demonstrate the utility of integrating existing maps with the satellite data and related geographic info rmation to dynamically map urban land transformation characteristics. This study provides a visual portrayal of gro wth and trends of transformat ion and conveys how the progress of modern urbanizat ion results in changes to the landscape. The analysis revealed that there has been a large scale land use/land cover change and transformat ions in Srinagar city during the study period of 30 years (1981-2011). Such change was validated by carrying out the estimat ion of Land Consumption Rate and Land Absorption Coefficient. Moreover, the study also projects the likely changes that might occur till the year 2021. The projections for change by the year suggest that there will be further expansion of the city on the fertile agricultural fields in its fringe area as of 1981-2011 study period. This research wo rk could present the diagnostic approach to the cause and effect relationship in in spatio temporal framework of urban geography.


Low-cycle fatigue (LCF) fracture of the spray formed GH738 alloy was investigated under total strain controlled mode at 650°C. Basic theory for evaluating fatigue lives by fatigue striations has been introduced. The crack length a and the crack propagation rate da/dN were measured and the curve of da/dN in crack propagation zone was obtained with Paris formula and tabulation trapezoidal formula, respectively. The size and symmetry of rapid fracture zone of fatigue were also studied. The results showed that the relationship of a and N was linear with tabulation trapezoidal formula, and the da/dN and a was conic with Paris formula. At last, quantitative analysis of fatigue fracture was also discussed.


Abstract. As the latest economic crisis showed, companies must take care of its resources, people and processes, if they want to survive in a competitive global market. In other hand if a company wants to be competitive, innovative and leading in its industry it has to continuously improve its processes and employees. This can be achieved through practicing kaizen on the daily production process. KUD Argopuro Krucil is one of cooperative in Probolinggo district that produces pasteurized milk obtained from the farmers around. Kaizen method is a continuous improvement process that can be implemented by KUD Argopuro Krucil in every production stage to improve quality product and to reduce the production costs. The purpose of this research are : 1) to determine the extent to which the principle of effectiveness and efficiency has been applied by KUD Argopuro Krucil in its pasteurized milk production process, 2) to determine the concept of Kaizen (sustainable improvement techniques) that can be applied by KUD Argopuro Krucil in order to improve efficiency and quality the product. KUD Argopuro Krucil has applied the principle of effectiveness and efficiency in the process of pasteurizing milk production. Principles 5 S have been applied and the occurrences 3 M also have been minimized by KUD Argopuro Krucil, although its implementation is still not perfect, but cooperatives must be able to strive for strategies to improve customer satisfaction included: always focus on customers and do continuous quality improvement on products and production processes.


A total of 16 crossbred repeat breeder cows were treated with norgestomet (Syncromate-B) ear implants for 9 days. At the time of implant insertion, 2ml of SMB injection was administrated to all the cows intramuscularly on day 10 of the oestrous cycle to induce oestrus. AI was done at 48 (first AI) and 72 hours (Second AI) after implant removal. At the time of implant removal 0.750 mg of tiaprost was administrated to all the cows. Pregnancy diagnosis was done at 60 days following AI to assess the first service conception rate and it was 37.50 per cent. The mean progesterone level at the time of natural oestrus, day of implant insertion, implant removal and at first AI and at second, fourth and sixth day following first AI in cows which became pregnant (n=6) was 0.36±0.08, 7.19±0.46, 1.45±0.24., 0.18±0.05, 1.05±0.20, 1.70±0.22 and 3.37±0.77 ng/ml, respectively and the corresponding values in cows which did not conceive (n=10) at induced oestrus were 0.51±0.09, 5.24±0.43, 1.29±0.20, 0.23±0.03, 0.57±0.15, 0.99±0.27 and 1.62±0.26 ng/ml, respectively. It is concluded that serum progesterone at various stages following Syncromate -B plus PGF2α therapy influenced the conception in repeat breeder cows.


Cutaneous venous malformation (VM) can be associated with internal vascular anomalies. Our objective was to investigate the frequency of internal vascular anomalies in patients with an isolated genital venous malformation to assess the utility of screening for internal findings.


Nanjing government (KMT) greatly changed its policies on Japan since the Northern China Incident of 1935, gradually standing up against Japan. This is not occasional; Japan Harshly closed in; the United Kingdom and the United States changed their attitudes; National United Front (CPC) was formulated; National Salvation Movement ran high; Kuomintang's internal divisions and the reunification of the Southwest under KMY Government. All these urged Nanjing Government to change its policies from compromise and concessions to intransigent protest.


Clashes between the ideologies of pro-Beijing nationalism and pro–Hong Kong localism have become far more prominent in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region since 2013. This article explores the origins, content, and impact of the ideological conflicts between Beijing and Hong Kong.


We wish to highlight 3 papers published last year which were all given a similar combination of treatment agents but demonstrated efficacy in 3 different tumor models; ie. (a) Ho et al administered GAP (anti-GITR, IFN-α, anti-PD1 with localized radiation) to treat 4T1 murine breast carcinoma with complete tumor eradication in 50% of treated mice, (b) Sallets et al treated murine B-Lymphoma with anti-GITR, localized intratumoral injection of STING agonist (whose downstream molecule is type I IFN) and anti-PD1, and achieved 50% complete tumor eradication, and (c) Schoenhals et al treated murine non-small cell lung carcinoma with anti-GITR, anti-PD1 and localized radiation (which they had previously demonstrated radiation mediated Type I IFN dependent mechanism was important for anti-PD1 treatment), and obtained 60% complete eradication.


We present a 10-year X-ray light curve and the spectra of a peculiar X-ray transient in the spiral galaxy M81. The source was below the detection limit of ROSAT PSPC before 1993, but it brightened substantially in 1993, with luminosities exceeding the Eddington limit of a 1.5 solar mass compact accretor. It then faded and was not firmly detected in the ROSAT HRI and PSPC observations after 1994. The Chandra image obtained in 2000 May, however, shows an X-ray source at its position within the instrumental uncertainties. The Chandra source is coincident with a star-like object in the Digitized-Sky-Survey. A Hubble image suggests that the optical object may be extended. While these three observations could be of the same object, which may be an X-ray binary containing a black-hole candidate, the possibility that the ROSAT and Chandra sources are two different objects in a dense stellar environment cannot be ruled out. The Hubble data suggests that the optical object may be a globular cluster yet to be identified.


To study the relationship among social support(SS),core self-evaluation(CSE) and subjective well-being (SWB) in college students.951 undergraduates in Inner Mongolia are investigated with Scales of SS,CSE and SWB.The results show that:1) three SS/CSE groups differ significantly in PA,NA and satisfaction with life(SWL); 2) correlation analysis shows SS/CSE positively correlates with SWL and PA,while negatively with NA(P0.01); 3) regression analysis shows SS predicts CSE and SWB significantly and CSE predicts SWB significantly.The conclusion is that SS and CSE are ideal predictors of SWB,and CSE serves as a mediator variable between SS and SWB.


It is a great strategic arrangement and act to carry out the educational activity of maintaining the advances of the CPC members with the main contents of "three representations" thoughts in the new circumstances.With the the development of higher education,teachers as the propellents of China's advanced culture and productive forces,and the advisor of young students,play an important role,especially the CPC members of the teachers play an even more important role to improve the development of high education.Such an especial profession that studying on teacher members how to express their advances,carry forward their model function and improve their influence and public appeal is an important topic in the constructing the team of college teachers.


With the rapid expansion of the Australian olive industry during the past decade, plantings have been made in many parts of Australia including both temperate and sub-tropical regions, where summer-dominant rainfall may present production problems. Australia appears to be free of many cosmopolitan olive pests and diseases such as olive moth (Prays oleae), olive fly (Bactrocera oleae) and olive knot (Pseudomonas savastanoi), although some species such as black scale (Saissetia oleae) and peacock spot (Spilocea oleaginea) are widely distributed. Australia also has several native pests of cultivated olive, including olive lace bug, Froggattia olivinia and Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni. The industry has identified sustainable pest and disease management as a key priority, and a national project has been funded by the Australian Government through the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation.


The process of mitophagy, in which mitochondria are selectively turned over at the autophagolysosome, plays a central role in both eliminating dysfunctional mitochondria and reducing mitochondrial mass as an adaptive response to key physiological stresses, such as hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, and DNA damage. Defects in mitophagy have been linked to altered mitochondrial metabolism, production of excess reactive oxygen species and ferroptosis, heightened inflammasome activation, altered cell fate decisions, and senescence, among other cellular consequences. Consequently, functional mitophagy contributes to proper tissue differentiation and repair and metabolic homeostasis, limiting inflammatory responses and modulating tumor progression and metastasis. This review examines the major pathways that control mitophagy, including PINK1-dependent mitophagy and BNIP3/NIX-dependent mitophagy. It also discusses the cellular signaling mechanisms used to sense mitochondrial dysfunction to activate mitophagy and how defective mitophagy results in deregulated tumor cell growth and cancer.


Objective:To explore the causes of cytopenia.Methods:The retrospective analysis was made of the clinical data of 125 patients admitted into and treated in our hospital from 1999 to 2003.Results:The causes of cytopenia were not only blood systemic diseases but also other systemic diseases.Conclusion:Clinicians should attach great importance to cytopenia caused by non-blood systemic diseases.


Controlled copolymerization of n-butyl acrylate with 1-octene was achieved by ARGET (activators regenerated by electron transfer) ATRP (atom transfer radical polymerization) in anisole. When a normal ATRP of n-butyl acrylate and 1-octene was conducted, the polymerization resulted in relatively low conversion (<50%), limited control over the polymerization process, and high polydispersity (PDI = 1.6). This was due to formation of a dormant species by reaction of 1-octene radicals with Cu(II) deactivator that could not be reactivated. However, in ARGET ATRP with 10 ppm amounts of Cu-based catalyst, higher yields and a better controlled copolymerization were obtained because the low concentration of Cu(II) deactivator reduced the frequency of producing the nonreactive dormant species. When n-butyl acrylate and 1-octene were copolymerized with 10 ppm of CuCl2/TPMA vs monomer and 10 mol % of Sn(EH)2 vs initiator, a copolymer was prepared in higher yield and with low polydispersity (PDI < 1.4).


There is an increasing prevalence of maternal obesity in Western society. Maternal obesity is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Yet, our knowledge of the impact of pre-pregnancy obesity on the hemodynamic adaptations of the mother during pregnancy and postpartum is negligible. The fetal kidney is considered highly sensitive to an adverse intrauterine environment. Surprisingly, the impact of maternal obesity on fetal kidney development is poorly understood. In this thesis, I established a mouse (C57BL6/J) model of diet-induced obesity and used radiotelemetry, cardiac cine-MRI, and urine samples to characterize cardiovascular and renal health. Obese mice demonstrated the major characteristics of human obesity pre-pregnancy including 47% greater body weight, impaired glucose metabolism, hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, elevated cardiac output and albuminuria. Whilst mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) remained elevated over control mice throughout pregnancy, the increases in MAP and HR of obese mice during late pregnancy were blunted. Obese dams also failed to increase cardiac output, and left ventricular mass by late pregnancy and albuminuria was exacerbated. These changes in obese dams were associated with greater fetal loss, fetal growth restriction, altered renal morphology and, in male fetuses, a nephron deficit (25%). To determine the effect of pregnancy on the long-term cardiovascular and renal health of obese mice, primiparous obese and control mice were examined 4-weeks post-weaning and compared to time-matched nulliparous mice. Pregnancy led to greater visceral obesity and exacerbated hypertension (light-phase) in obese mice postpartum. Total renal and glomerular collagen content was greater in obese primiparous mice post-partum but this was not related to renal dysfunction with GFR and albuminuria of obese mice unaffected by pregnancy. Maternal obesity in mice has been shown to lead to a nephron deficit in male fetuses (Chapter 3). The ability to assess the contribution of a low nephron endowment to long-term cardiovascular and renal health is often confounded by developmental programming of other organs/systems in many models of nephron deficiency. Thus the choice of model is important so that these confounding factors can be minimized. Interestingly, whilst a low nephron endowment is associated with adult cardiovascular and renal disease, many models of reduced nephron endowment demonstrate normal renal function and MAP. There is little understanding of how renal function is maintained in states of nephron deficit, though nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated. To investigate this, I used a genetic model of reduced nephron endowment the GDNF heterozygous (HET) mouse. This model demonstrates two levels of nephron deficit. Renal function and MAP of GDNF HET mice were examined before and after a 7-day systemic NOS inhibition (L-NAME). Nephron-deficient GDNF HET mice with both moderate and marked nephron deficit were able to maintain normal GFR and sodium balance in response to L-NAME. Further GDNF HET mice demonstrated a partial escape from L-NAME-induced hypertension. These findings indicate that nephron deficient GDNF mice do not rely heavily on NO to maintain renal function chronically. In conclusion, findings of this thesis indicate that pre-pregnancy obesity not only compromises the hemodynamic adaptations of pregnancy leading to poor fetal outcomes but also has a long-term impact on the cardiovascular and renal health of the mother post-partum. Early detection of the risk involved and the development of interventions that enhance pregnancy-initiated hemodynamic adaptations may reduce the long-term impact of pre-pregnancy obesity on the mother and offspring.


Geasean J. Johnson 1 , Lendon A. Bullen 1 and Mohamad Ridhuan bin Mohd Akil 1 . 1 UNEPIESD, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History


The design of cameras capable of low contrast image plane resolution in the order of 100 line pairs per millimeter is examined in light of a representative tactical requirement. It is observed that the magnitude of uncompensated image motion inherent in tactical operations can readily exceed 100 milliradians per second. The need to achieve high image plane resolution in a high motion environment drives the design solution to optics of large relative aperture so as to enable the use of fine grain but slow emulsions. The preliminary design of a 45-millimeter, f/2 panoramic camera is presented. The camera produces a conventional photographic format on 35-millimeter-wide film with an estimated low contrast resolution of 75 to 100 line pairs per millimeter. While the camera is relatively small in volume and weight, it is not actually miniature due to film spools of about 1 foot in diameter. If wider film widths are used without increasing the focal length and therefore film consumption, image plane resolution averaged over the larger field of view will decrease and satisfactory angular resolution will not be obtained. Accordingly, conventional format cameras of equal angular resolution tend to have near equal spool diameters regardless of film width. An alternative but satisfactory design solution may yet be found in cross format camera concepts where the potential exists for combining wide films, narrow field angles, and relatively high image plane resolution.


I-Like Protein from Rice Young-il Park, Kyoung Hun Do, In-Soo Kim* and Hyun Ho Park* School of Life Science and Biotechnology at Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea School of Biotechnology and Graduate School of Biochemistry at Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea These authors contributed equally to this work *Corresponding authors: Hyun Ho Park, E-mail, firstname.lastname@example.com; Fax, +82-53-810-4769; In-Soo Kim, E-mail, firstname.lastname@example.com; Fax, +82-53-943-0401 (Received October 10, 2011; Accepted December 10, 2011)


We report wide-field polygon-scanning optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) that achieves 1-MHz A-line rate of oxygen saturation in vivo. We develop a polygon-scanning imaging probe. Using stimulated Raman scattering and optical delay in fiber, we develop a dual-wavelength pulsed laser that has proper wavelengths, sufficient pulse energy, high pulse repetition rate, and sub-microseconds wavelength switching time for fast imaging of oxygen saturation. The OR-PAM system offers a 478-Hz B-scan rate and a 1-Hz volumetric imaging rate over a 12×5 mm2 scanning area. We demonstrate dynamic imaging of oxygen saturation of fast response to epinephrine injection in the mouse ear. Results show fast hemodynamic and functional changes in centimeter-sized areas.


Background: Advancing patient safety during handoffs remains a public health priority. The application of cognitive load theory offers promise, but is currently limited by the inability to measure cognitive load types. Objective: To develop and collect validity evidence for a revised self-report inventory that measures cognitive load types during a handoff. Methods: Based on prior published work, input from experts in cognitive load theory and handoffs, and a think-aloud exercise with residents, a revised Cognitive Load Inventory for Handoffs was developed. The Cognitive Load Inventory for Handoffs has items for intrinsic, extraneous, and germane load. Students who were second- and sixth-year students recruited from a Dutch medical school participated in four simulated handoffs (two simple and two complex cases). At the end of each handoff, study participants completed the Cognitive Load Inventory for Handoffs, Paas' Cognitive Load Scale, and one global rating item for intrinsic load, extraneous load, and germane load, respectively. Factor and correlational analyses were performed to collect evidence for validity. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis yielded a single factor that combined intrinsic and germane loads. The extraneous load items performed poorly and were removed from the model. The score from the combined intrinsic and germane load items associated, as predicted by cognitive load theory, with a commonly used measure of overall cognitive load (Pearson's r = 0.83, p < 0.001), case complexity (beta = 0.74, p < 0.001), level of experience (beta = −0.96, p < 0.001), and handoff accuracy (r = −0.34, p < 0.001). Conclusion: These results offer encouragement that intrinsic load during handoffs may be measured via a self-report measure. Additional work is required to develop an adequate measure of extraneous load.


Unemployment is a problem that happen in all countries. Unemployment
occur because the high of labor force that is not supported by increasing jobs and
low absorption of labor force. A large number of unemployed is influenced by
several indicators, both indicators of economic and non-economic indicators.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of productive age
population, the number of high school graduates and investments in educated
unemployment that occurred in the province of Central Java in 1985-2014. This
study used secondary data and the methods of data analysis used multiple
regression analysis.
The result showed that a variable number of productive age population is
positive and significant impact on educated unemployment, a variable number of
high school graduates have negative impact but not significant on educated
unemployment and investment have significant negative effect on educated
unemployment in Province of Central Java.


Youngsters are the country's future and the nation's hope.They are at the stage of laying foundations.Ideological and moral education is of particular importance.The three basic functions of modern museums are physical collections,scientific research and social education.As the assistance and extension of schools and families,museum education plays a unique role in building socialism with Chinese characteristics,especially minors' ideological and moral education.


The spatial Lambda-Fleming-Viot (SLFV) process (Barton, Etheridge and V\'eber, 2010) can be seen as a generalised Voter Model with configuration space $M^{R^d}$, where M is the set of probability measures on some space K. Such processes are usually studied thanks to a dual process that describes the genealogy of a sample of particles. In this paper, we study the growth of a cluster, and our surprising result is that with probability one, every bounded cluster stops growing in finite time. Because the traditional (backward in time) duality methods fail, we develop an original forward in time approach that exploits a martingale property of the process. To make it feasible, we construct adequate objects that allow to handle the complex geometry of the problem. We are able to prove the result in any dimension $d$.


In the Ph.D thesis, I report the static and dynamic properties of ferromagnetic (FM) critical phenomena observed in itinerant-electron metamagnet UCoAl. Itinerant-electron FM compounds have attracted much interest since novel phenomena, such as the coexistence of the FM state and the superconductivity in UGe2, were reported. Interestingly, these FM compounds are expected to follow an universal 3D (temperature magnetic field pressure) phase diagram characterized by the presence of a tricritical point (TCP), where a FM transition changes from second-order to first-order, and a critical endpoint (CEP), where a first-order field-induced FM transition [metamagnetic (MM) transition] changes from first-order to crossover. However, critical behaviors around these critical points have not been well studied due to a lack of suitable compounds. We focused on an itinerant-electron metamagnet UCoAl as a suitable example to clarify static and dynamic magnetic properties around these critical points since it shows the MM behaviors at low magnetic fields. We have performed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements at Al and Co nuclear sites in UCoAl, and estimated c-axis magnetization (Mc) (order parameter) from Knight shift (K) measurements, and c-axis magnetic fluctuations (Sc) from nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T1) and nuclear spin-spin relaxation rate (1/T2) measurements. These measurements were performed under the precise control of tuning parameters: temperature (T ), magnetic field along the c-axis (H∥c), uniaxial pressure along the b-axis (P∥b) and the c-axis (P∥c), and substituted Fe concentration (x). At ambient pressure, we observed the Ising-type anisotropy along the caxis in both magnetization (Mc ≫ Ma) and magnetic fluctuations (Sc ≫ Sa). The longitudinal magnetic fluctuations well scale with the bulk magnetic susceptibility [Sc ∝ χc], indicating that 3D-FM fluctuations are dominated in UCoAl. Furthermore, Sc exhibits a broad maximum at Tmax ∼ 20 K even in H∥c = 0, which is a characteristic feature in itinerant metamagnets. At low temperatures, with increasing H∥c, the coexistence of the paramagnetic (PM)


In this paper, we propose the hardware architecture for high-speed transaction logging of forex trading system. In forex trading market, the trading volume of currencies is growing larger every year. In order to provide real-time processing of large volume and high availability service, we focused on the two types of the workload, where the bottleneck occurs, and conducted workload analysis. The bottleneck between the application server and the internal hard disk is caused by the overhead from storing the transaction logs, due to the bandwidth limitation of a hard disk. Our key idea is to suppress an overhead of the transaction logging through the compression of the transaction logs. Implementation result demonstrates the feasibility of our proposal for increasing the bandwidth through the log compression.


Background: Supracondylar humeral fracture is a common injury in the paediatric age group. The morbidity from its complications such as vascular injury, compartment syndrome and malunion can last the entire lifetime of the child if not recognised and managed appropriately. The aim of the study is to determine the mechanisms of injury and to compare the incidence during school term and holiday periods in school age children. Patients and Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was carried out at the paediatric orthopaedic unit of an orthopaedic hospital. All school age children with supracondylar humeral fractures between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2017 were included in the study. The demographic data, mechanism of injury, date of injury (to determine whether school term or holiday), Gartland classification and the mode of management were recorded. Results: A total of 53 patients were reviewed. The mean age was 5.94 ± 2.71 years, with a male: female ratio of 2.8:1. The most common mechanism of injury was fall from a height (30.2%). The overall incidence was 0.25/week over the 4-year period school term (0.22/week and holiday period 0.47/week). The extension type of injury occurred in 52 (98.1%) patients with 7 (13.5%), 4 (7.7%) and 41 (78.8%) being Gartland type I, II and III, respectively. Conclusion: The most common mechanism of injury was fall from a height and there was an increased incidence during holiday compared to the school term period. Larger studies on safety strategies during holiday activities may reduce the incidence of humeral supracondylar fractures.


Affiliations: a. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China b. Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China c. Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China d. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China #Drs. Chen D., Wen J. and Zheng Y. equally contributed to the work. *Drs. Chen Y. and Dai C. are listed as co-senior authors.


We report a second-order electro-optic coefficient r33 of 155±5 pm/V at a telecommunication wavelength of 1550 nm from nonlinear poled polymer thin films at a cryogenic temperature of ~4.2 Kelvin using a reflection ellipsometry technique.


We present two new forms in which the Frechet differential of a power series in a unitary Banach algebra can be expressed in terms of absolutely convergent series involving the commutant \(C(T) : A \mapsto [A,T]\). Then we apply the results to study series of vector-valued functions on domains in Banach spaces and to the analytic functional calculus in a complex Banach space.


A written questionnaire survey of 739 college students and non-college patrons of salad bars compared their motives for selecting a salad bar as a principal dinner selection. Patrons of two moderately-priced family restaurants were asked to select their five primary motives for choosing and avoiding the salad bar. The five primary motives for choosing the salad bar among college students were: "all-you can eat," "quick and easy," "self service," "value for the money" and "offers many choices." The five primary motives for avoiding the salad bar among college students were: "dislike the choices," "foods not fresh," "unattractive food display," "offers too few choices" and "eat too much." College students were more likely than non-college patrons (p < 0.05) to select the salad bar for "all-you can-eat," and "quick and easy." Non-college patrons were more likely to select the salad bar because it "offers many choices" and because "you can see what you are getting." College students were more likely to avoid ...


ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to provide closed form solutions to financial derivatives on mean-reverting cash flows. The general equilibrium real business cycle specification implies that underlying prices follow geometric mean reversion processes. Option-pricing formulas are derived, in terms of macroeconomic parameters or observable market prices, both for consumption goods and interest rates. The framework offers a rich specification of the economy's yield curve and caplet volatility surface, which seems to fit well with criteria suggested by the empirical literature. The methodology may be useful for studying the effects of real economy changes on financial markets.


1. The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of aldosterone on arginine vaso‐pressin (AVP)‐induced Ca2+ kinetics in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). The pre‐incubation of cells with 1 X 10−6 mol/L aldosterone for 24 h did not affect the basal cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) but enhanced the AVP‐induced mobilization of [Ca2+]i (1 X 10−8 mol/L AVP; 287 vs 401, 1 X 10−6 mol/L AVP; 430 vs 714 nmol/L).


Disclaimer: THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. USE IS ENTIRELY AT THE USER'S OWN RISK. For contributions to the development of the software, we gratefully acknowledge Victor Chilekwa, Sygal Amitay, Johanna Barry, Hannah Stewart, Yuxuan Zhang and Dave Moore. The development of the software was done at the MRC Institute of Hearing Research and supported by intramural funding from the MRC. The TAiL program makes use of the following software packages: Math.NET (https://www.mathdotnet.com/), OxyPlot (http://www.oxyplot.org/), Apache log4net (https://logging.apache.org/log4net/), NAudio (https://github.com/naudio/NAudio), Michael Kennedy's SystemHook library (https://github.com/mikeckennedy/managed_system_hooks), devExpress (https://www.devexpress.com/).


Abstract Nowadays, changes in environment have become characteristic of notorious mainstream political topics, with a corresponding moral, political, and financial support. The presented article deals with the landscape-ecological scientific aspects of climatic changes and of ecosystem services. The research of both phenomena is based on the complex investigation of the geosystem and, as a second step, on the scientifically-based interpretation of the obtained results. The problem resides in the question concerning the capability of scientific institutions and teams to deal with these topics with scientific profoundness, taking into account intensive public pressure and high expectations.


Objective To investigate the effect of raloxifene(RAL) on the proliferation and apoptosis of prostate stromal cells and the expression of transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1) and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) in vitro.Methods Prostate stromal cells were isolated from the resected specimens of prostate glands of 6 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH),cultured and exposed to different concentrations(1×10~(-10)~1×10~(-5)mol/L) of RAL.MTT and TUNEL were used to determine the proliferation and apoptosis respectively,immune fluorescent staining method was used to determine the expression of TGF-β1 and bFGF.Results RAL suppressed the proliferation of prostate stromal cells and promoted their apoptosis at the concentrations from 1×10~(-8) mol/L to 1×10~(-5) mol/L(P0.05) with dose dependent manner(r=-0.988,P=0.002;r=0.913,P=0.030).And RAL up-regulated the expression of TGF-β1 and down-regulated the expression of bFGF in prostate stromal cells at the concentrations from 1×10~(-9) mol/L to 1×10~(-5) mol/L(P0.05) with dose dependent manner(r=0.986,P=0.002;r=-0.992,P=0.001).The effect of RAL on the proliferation and apoptosis is linear correlated to the effect of RAL on the expression of TGF-β1 and bFGF.Conclusion Proliferation suppression and apoptosis promotion of RAL on prostate stromal cells might be related to the regulation of expression of TGF-β1 and bFGF by RAL.


Recent solar photospheric abundance analyses (by Asplund et al. and Lodders) revise the C, N, O, Ne, and Ar abundances downward by 0.15-0.2 dex compared to previous determinations by Grevesse & Sauval. The abundances of Fe and other elements are reduced by smaller amounts, 0.05-0.1 dex. With these revisions, the photospheric Z/X decreases to 0.0165 (or 0.0177, according to Lodders), and Z decreases to ~0.0122 (or 0.0133, according to Lodders). A number of papers (by, e.g., Basu & Antia, Montalban et al., Bahcall & Pinsonneault, Turck-Chièze et al., and Antia & Basu) report that solar models evolved with standard opacities and diffusion treatment using these new abundances give poor agreement with helioseismic inferences for sound-speed and density profile, convection-zone helium abundance, and convection-zone depth. These authors also considered a limited set of models with increased opacities, enhanced diffusion, or abundance variations to improve agreement, finding no entirely satisfactory solution. Here we explore evolved solar models with varying diffusion treatments, including enhanced diffusion with separate multipliers for helium and other elements, to reduce the photospheric abundances, while keeping the interior abundances about the same as earlier standard models. While enhanced diffusion improves agreement with some helioseismic constraints compared to a solar model evolved with the new abundances using nominal input physics, the required increases in thermal diffusion rates are unphysically large, and none of the variations tried completely restores the good agreement attained using the earlier abundances. A combination of modest opacity increases, diffusion enhancements, and abundance increases near the level of the uncertainties, while somewhat contrived, remains the most physically plausible means to restore agreement with helioseismology. The case for enhanced diffusion would be improved if the inferred convection-zone helium abundance could be reduced; we recommend reconsidering this derivation in light of new equations of state with modified abundances and other improvements. We also recommend considering, as a last resort, diluting the convection zone, which contains only 2.5% of the Sun's mass, by accretion of material depleted in the more volatile elements C, N, O, Ne, and Ar after the Sun arrived on the main sequence.


Records are presented from the lowlands of Champasak and Salavan provinces, southern Laos, during the period December 1995 – September 1996 for four areas where major surveys were conducted (Phou Xiang Thong and Dong Hua Sao National Biodiversity Conservation Areas, Dong Khanthung Proposed Protected Area and the course of the Mekong river) and several areas where briefer surveys were conducted. Six Globally Threatened and thirteen Globally Nearthreatened species were found, as well as 22 others considered to be At Risk in Laos or Potentially At Risk in Laos. The community of birds of conservation concern in each survey area is outlined. Dong Khanthung was of outstanding importance, especially for large waterbirds. It was one of only three sites in Laos where the Giant Ibis Pseudibis gigantea was known to survive and the only site where adjutants Leptoptilos were known to breed in Laos. White-winged Duck Cairina scutulata and Green Peafowl Pavo muticus were also recorded. Phou Xiang Thong was relatively poor in species but supported moderate numbers of Green Peafowl. Dong Hua Sao was fairly rich in species of conservation concern, but many occurred at low densities. The stretch of the Mekong surveyed supported significant populations of some riverine birds, such as terns and waders, which have declined in Laos. Records of nine species (Slaty-legged Crake Rallina eurizonoides, Sanderling Calidris alba, Rednecked Stint Calidris ruficollis, Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea, Ruff Philomachus pugnax, Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus, Asian Openbill Anastomus oscitans, Yellow-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus goiavier and Asian Golden Weaver Ploceus hypoxanthus) are the first confirmed for Laos, with seven others new for South Laos. Two species, White-winged Tern Chlidonias leucopterus and Red-vented Barbet Megalaima lagrandieri, were apparently new records for Cambodia.


The Federal Railroad Administration has been directing engineering studies to support the development of high speed track geometry standards. These standards are intended to cover train operating speeds from 110 mph to 200 mph. The studies conducted include evaluation of the use of measuring track geometry with offsets from several chord lengths, computer simulations of vehicle response to track surface and alignment variations, application of the proposed specifications to previously measured track geometry, and comparison of proposed specifications to foreign practice.
 The proposed standards use multiple chords to control surface and alignment geometry. Single isolated geometry variations are allowed greater amplitudes than three or more repeated geometry variations. The results of the engineering studies indicate that use of multiple chords is effective in controlling a wide range of geometry variation wavelengths, from less than 30 feet to greater than 250 feet. The computer simulation studies show that at high speed, wheel/rail interaction dominates vehicle response to short wavelength (less than ∼100 feet) alignment variations, while carbody motions dominate vehicle response to long wavelength variations. Derailment and carbody accelerations are the principal concerns in vehicle response to track geometry variations. Application of the proposed specifications to previous measurements of high speed track on the Northeast Corridor indicates a relatively modest number of exception locations (∼1 location every 3 miles). Comparison of the proposed specification with foreign practice indicates that the proposed specification provides a generally similar level of control of track geometry.


Extending the efforts of previous researchers, this study aims at developing a causal model assimilating the emotional mechanism of perceived injustice and job outcome relationship through episodic envy. The research examined the main and indirect effects of perceived injustice types on job- related behavioral outcomes (organizational and interpersonal deviance, job performance, OCB) and employee's turnover intentions. The findings significantly supported the assertion that episodic envy mediates this relationship. The findings are also discussed in terms of its practical and theoretical implications at the end.


In multiphase batch processes, the final product quality prediction results depend on the common cumulative effects of all the critical phases with transitions on quality rather than a separated one. However, the common cumulative effect are rarely considered at the same time. To address this issue, a double cumulative model is proposed in this paper. The double model includes the internal cumulative model and the external cumulative model. On one hand, the critical local cumulative quality is introduced to isolate the local cumulative effect of different phases and transitions in the internal cumulative model. Especially, for transitions modeling, an average process trajectories method based on the dominant phase identification is developed to deal with the dynamic and uncertainty. On the other hand, the correlation of different cumulative models is extracted by constructing the external cumulative model. In this way, the cumulative effect of all the phases and transitions are considered simultaneously. The proposed method is applied to penicillin fermentation. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method over the competing models.


A new trace fossil, Lunulichnus tuberosus, is described from fluvial deposits of the Wasatch Formation (early Eocene) at Fossil Butte National Monument, southwestern Wyoming, USA. L. tuberosus are straight, vertical to obliquely oriented, unlined cylindrical burrows with pronounced crescent-shaped wall sculptings. In situ examples of these trace fossils are most commonly preserved as sand-filled casts emanating from the erosional bases of fluvial channel sandstone bodies into underlying floodplain mudstone/siltstone beds. L. tuberosus is interpreted as the dwelling trace of a stream-dwelling decapod crustacean. Excellent preservation of fine detail, particularly their diagnostic crescent-shaped wall sculptings, support the hypothesis that L. tuberosus were excavated in firm substrata subjacent to fluvial erosional surfaces. As such, they are interpreted as constituents of alluvial Glossifungites trace fossil assemblages.


While melting glaciers due to global warming have facilitated the development of polar routes, Arctic vessels require reliable anti-icing methods to prevent hull icing. Currently, the existing anti-icing method, i.e., the heating coil method, has disadvantages, such as disconnection and power inefficiency. Therefore, a carbon nanotube-based surface heating element method was developed to address these limitations. In this study, the numerical analysis of the surface heating element method was performed using ANSYS. The numerical analysis included conjugate heat transfer and computational fluid dynamics to consider the conduction solids and the effects of wind speed and temperature in cold environments. The numerical analysis method of the surface heating element method was validated by comparing the experimental results of the heating coil method with the numerical analysis results (under the –30 ℃ conditions). The surface heating element method demonstrated significantly higher efficiency, ranging from 56.65–80.17%, depending on the conditions compared to the heating coil method. Moreover, even under extreme environmental conditions (–45 ℃), the surface heating element method satisfied anti-icing requirements. The surface heating element method is more efficient and economical than the heating coil method. However, proper heat flux calculation for environmental conditions is required to prevent excessive design.


Intelligent acoustic field control system, which relates to an acoustic field adjustment and control device. The intelligent acoustic field control system is provided with a WIFI/wireless/wired network master control device, a laptop, a wireless USB Dongle, a tablet computer, motion control electronic devices and a reflection medium, wherein the master control devices are connected via the laptop, the tablet computer and the multiple sets of motion control electronic devices; the wireless USB Dongle is used for connecting the laptop and the tablet computer with the master control device; the master control device is used for controlling a corresponding motion control electronic device in response to a reflection medium state control instruction sent out by the laptop or the tablet computer; and the motion control electronic device accurately controls the rotation angle, slope angle and height of the reflection medium via a motor, a transmission mechanism and a sensor, so as to change an indoor acoustic field. The states of various sound reflection mediums can be controlled comprehensively, thereby changing an indoor acoustic parameter and achieving mechanical and electronic integration, so that the usage convenience, accuracy and practicality are improved.


Occupational hand eczema and/or contact urticaria may have social consequences such as change of profession or not remaining in the workforce.


Common scenarios for underground corrosion at foundations of telecommunication towers are explained, and practical methods for corrosion risk assessment and corrosion risk mitigation are briefly reviewed. Among different types of corrosion control techniques, cathodic protection is proved to be an efficient and cost-effective method. Accordingly, a new simulation-based approach is proposed to improve the design of cathodic protection systems for foundations of telecom towers, with emphasize on electrochemical characteristics of the service environment and geometry details. Some capabilities of the approach are demonstrated through sample simulations for screw-pile foundations.


Intrasellar arachnoid cysts are distinctly rare. Few cases have been reported in the literature. We describe MR findings in three patients with sellar arachnoid cyst who presented with protean manifestations such as visual impairment and diabetes insipidus and discuss the pertinent literature.


In recent years we have explored the application to the Advanced Photon Source (APS) of Zholents' crab-cavity- based scheme for production of short x-ray pulses [1]. As a near-term project, the APS has elected to pursue a pulsed system using room-temperature cavities [2]. The cavity design has been optimized to heavily damp parasitic modes while maintaining large shunt impedance for the deflecting dipole mode [3]. We evaluated a system consisting of three crab cavities as an impedance source and determined their effect on the single- and multi-bunch instabilities. In the single-bunch instability we used the APS impedance model as the reference system in order to predict the overall performance of the ring when the crab cavities are installed in the future. For multi-bunch instabilities we used a realistic fill pattern, including hybrid-fill, and tracked multiple bunches where each bunch was treated as soft in distribution.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of residual β-cell function on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) outcomes following acute exercise in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Thirty participants with T1D for ≥3 years were recruited. First, participants wore a blinded CGM unit for 7 days of free-living data capture. Second, a 3-h mixed-meal test assessed stimulated C-peptide and glucagon. Peak C-peptide was used to allocate participants into undetectable (Cpepund <3 pmol/L), low (Cpeplow 3–200 pmol/L), or high (Cpephigh >200 pmol/L) C-peptide groups. Finally, participants completed 45 min of incline treadmill walking at 60% VO2peak followed by a further 48-h CGM capture. RESULTS CGM parameters were comparable across groups during the free-living observation week. In the 12- and 24-h postexercise periods (12 h and 24 h), the Cpephigh group had a significantly greater amount of time spent with glucose 3.9–10 mmol/L (12 h, 73.5 ± 27.6%; 24 h, 76.3 ± 19.2%) compared with Cpeplow (12 h, 43.6 ± 26.1%, P = 0.027; 24 h, 52.3 ± 25.0%, P = 0.067) or Cpepund (12 h, 40.6 ± 17.0%, P = 0.010; 24 h, 51.3 ± 22.3%, P = 0.041). Time spent in hyperglycemia (12 h and 24 h glucose >10 and >13.9 mmol/L, P < 0.05) and glycemic variability (12 h and 24 h SD, P < 0.01) were significantly lower in the Cpephigh group compared with Cpepund and Cpeplow. Change in CGM outcomes from pre-exercise to 24-h postexercise was divergent: Cpepund and Cpeplow experienced worsening (glucose 3.9–10 mmol/L: −9.1% and −16.2%, respectively), with Cpephigh experiencing improvement (+12.1%) (P = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Residual β-cell function may partially explain the interindividual variation in the acute glycemic benefits of exercise in individuals with T1D. Quantifying C-peptide could aid in providing personalized and targeted support for exercising patients.


Economies go through the process of transition to market economy face some problems stemming to form that they could not establish economic institutions sufficiently Kyrgyz economy taking place in that group also has the problem of insufficiency in institutionalization while in this framework it is disputable whether exchange rates move in right directions. As regards, the aim of this study is to examine if exchange rates vary in relation to purchasing power parity theory or not. Purchasing power parity theory, the first theory on determination of foreign exchange rates, states that in the long run, value of exchange rates are determined by international price differences. As the methodology of the study time series analysis is used. Findings of this study indicate that in Kyrgyzstan exchange rates do not behave as expected by PPP and in this respect, value of the national currency is determined not according to domestic dynamics but in relation to Russian rouble. Kyrgyzstan as a newly independent country with a short economic and politic history could not establish its institutional infrastructures yet and in this context, appreciation of national currency leads to chronic balance of payments deficits, resulting in high foreign debt stock. In other words, the process of appreciation of national currency increases the dependency of Kyrgyz economy to import while creating effects discouraging domestic production and thereby affecting national industry negatively or inhibiting tendencies of industrialization. Thus, it becomes inevitable that capital, the scarce resource in Kyrgyzstan, shifts to trade or speculation which provides high and secure yield and to import of luxury goods due to the cheap foreign exchanges rather than going into productive activities. Therefore, it can be asserted that instead of policies supporting appreciation of national currency, applying more realistic exchange rate policies would help creating a stronger economy, ensuring relationships among industrialization, employment, and growth in addition to improving the foreign deficit


The research on the new courses and teachers' teaching actions of the 61 trainers(male: 48,female: 13) in the 2006's national sports and health senior middle school PE courses' key teachers training class shows how long they teach,different schools they are in,different ducational backgrounds and their sex make their views,teaching actions in class,actions of teaching evaluation,actions of research on teaching and teachers' concern obviously different.Changes of PE teachers' teaching actions directly effect the advance and implementation of the new courses.


Abstract Much systems Theory evolved from analysis of physical or biological systems. But rule-bound systems analysis was initially developed from the somewhat unusual starting place of the mathematical analysis of cultures. This paper therefore discusses several examples which show that rule-bound systems are also systems in the more classical sense. This is done by discussing mathematical or formal results in two areas of work: evolutionary systems and cognition.