The invention discloses a technical scheme and relates to radish leaf beverage. The radish leaf beverage is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of radish leaf juice, 15-20 parts of concentrated fruit juice, 80-100 parts of water, 4-8 parts of cane sugar, 0.3-0.5 part of honey and a proper amount of citric acid, sodium cyclamate and D-sodium isoascorbate. The radish leaf beverage disclosed by the invention is rich in nutrition, delicious and particularly suitable for achieving the effects of relieving the summer heat, tonifying the spleen and stimulating the appetite. Furthermore, waste radish leaves are turned into treasures, so that the production cost is low, and the production technology is simple; products are convenient to carry and store; the preservation time is long; the radish leaf beverage is convenient to drink and has a high market prospect.


Studies on slotted ALOHA (S-ALOHA) systems have a long research history and been quite mature in the literature. However, this thesis revisits S-ALOHA systems by considering multipacket reception (MPR) channels, because previous studies are no longer applicable to MPR capable S-ALOHA systems due to the new random access channels (RACHs) of contemporary wireless cellular network standards. Particularly, it is dubious to apply the contention resolution algorithms (CRAs) developed so far for S-ALOHA systems to MPR S-ALOHA systems without any modification. Accordingly, this thesis proposes cross-layer CRAs and investigates the performance of some existing CRAs in MPR S-ALOHA systems in order to maximize the system throughput in tandem with stabilizing the system. Cross-layer CRAs proposed are based on estimating the system backlog information, which is obtained from multiple access interference (MAI) in the physical layer of Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) MPR channel. Then, the proposed algorithms broadcast a retransmission probability in order to maximize the system throughput. The performance and the stability of the proposed algorithms are examined under various radio channel conditions. Compared to the proposed algorithms based on the system backlog information, the existing uniform backoff (UB) and exponential backoff (EB) algorithms are blind to such information. In order to understand the behaviour of these algorithms in MPR S-ALOHA, they are investigated with respect to various performance metrics and stability conditions. Additionally, the power ramping (PR) scheme is examined together with UB algorithm,


In 2006, the Constitutional Court placed the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) as an institution that deals with judicial authority in the constitutional systems according to the Constitutional Court's decision No. 012-016-019 / PUU-IV / 2006. Whereas a decade later, the Commision as a special executive institution that carries out the functions of inquiry, investigation and strive for corruption cases, so it leads the object of the DPR's questionnaire rights through the Constitutional Court's decision No. 36 / PUU-XV / 2017. This paper will discuss some issues; How is the shift of the Corruption Eradication Commission's position in the constitutional structure after the final decision of the court and How is the consideration of the Judges in making decision Number 36 / PUU-XV / 2017. This is a normative legal research. Keywords : House of Representatives, Corruption Eradication Commission, Constitutional Court.


Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is a next generation wireless access network architecture. In this architecture, common public radio interface (CPRI) links are widely used to transmit baseband signals. Currently, one of the great technical challenges for the C-RAN architecture is the soaring CPRI bandwidth required for data transmission between remote radio unit (RRU) and baseband unit (BBU). In this paper, we propose a novel compression method that exploits the temporal and spectral features of baseband signals, which can achieve high compression ratio (3.56x) and low latency (3.4usec) with limited impact on end-to-end communication performance (error vector magnitude <;1.89%). We use a combination of reducing signal sampling, digital automatic gain control, Lloyd-Max quantization and cyclic prefix replacement to compress LTE uplink and downlink signals. Upon verifying the feasibility and validity of the algorithm, we implement the design with field programmable gate array (FPGA) resources.


We present a theoretical study of wetting phenomena and interactions between liquid–vapor interfaces based on the density functional theory. The focus is mostly on the impact of long-range van der Waals interactions both within the fluid and between the fluid and substrate. For the latter, we consider two models – hard wall and soft wall approximations – differing by the role of steric effects and leading to a qualitatively different character of phase transitions. We compute numerically the disjoining and conjoining potentials (which are important dynamically for spreading, spinodal dewetting, and coarsening in thin films, as well as resolution of interfacial singularities), and loci of intermediate and complete wetting transitions as functions of the Hamaker constant and temperature. We find that taking into account short-range interactions is essential for the description of wetting transitions in the soft wall limit. We derive an analytical form of the disjoining potential and analyze it in the context of the complete, frustrated and partial wetting.


The evolutionary relations between symbiotic stars and cataclysmic variables are presented. The symbiotic stars are assumed to be long period detached binaries containing a carbon-oxygen degenerate primary and a red giant losing its mass through a spherically symmetric wind. Such systems can be obtained in Case C evolution, provided a common envelope during a rapid mass transfer phase was not formed. The same way recurrent novae containing a red giant as a secondary component may be produced. The factors influencing the differences between symbiotic stars and nova-type stars are discussed.


Feeding boars with the basic diet of non-hormonal biologically active preparation testogenon stimulate sexual function in boars, improved spermatogenesis, which contributed to a better fertility of sows. The recommended dose of 0.75-1.0 g per animal per day for 45 days.


This guide to interpreting eolian landforms summarizes techniques used in interpreting wind patterns from eolian features which can be remotely identified and mapped. They include: interpretation of wind direction, wind energy, and wind velocity from sand dunes and dune fields; interpretation of wind direction and wind velocity from playas; and interpretation of wind direction and relative wind velocity from scour streaks, dust and smoke plumes, vegetation streaks, and snowdrifts.


fluid negative. From a study of their case and of the literatiire the authors come to the following conclusions : Cerebral gummas are comparatively uncommon manifestations of neurosyphilis. While there are recorded cases of cerebral gumma appearing as early as three months after the initial infection, they occur more frequently as late manifestations of syphilis. Cerebral gummas generally originate in the meninges and are therefore generally located on the surface of the brain. Their most frequent site of occurrence is the cerebral cortex, although many occur at the base, and some in other parts of the brain. Cerebral gummas cause the usual symptoms of brain tumours and present no pathognomonic clinical features. The therapeutic test previously advocated in every case presenting symptoms of brain tumour is not considered of extreme importance at present. The Wassermann reaction of the blood and spinal fluid may be negative, or positive, in this condition, as well as in other types of brain-tumour. Globulin reaction, cell count and gold-sol reaction of the spinal fluid give little diagnostic help. The consensus of opinion is that these tumours do not respond satisfactorily to medical treatment. An early decompression operation is indicated to relieve intracranial pressure, and where the growth is accessible and circumscribed, surgical removal is the treatment of choice. Specific treatment should follow to combat the systemic infection. A. C. R.


New core–shell nanoparticles were synthesized by grafting a poly(acrylate amide) shell onto a cross-linked polystyrene nanoparticle (NP) via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The core–shell NPs self assemble into self-healing materials in which the dynamic hydrogen-bonding shell confers self-healing properties while the hard cross-linked core provides stiffness.


This study presents a 3-dimensional flow-structure interaction analysis of subsea risers in water flows. Two structural connectors (flat and circular couplers) were intentionally devised and numerically tested using ANSYS CFX to investigate how these couplers behave under the water flows. In the flow analysis, the water field was constructed with an inlet, outlet, and symmetric boundary conditions. As a result, the responses (drag coefficients and pressure fields) were obtained and the pressure fields were applied for the structural analysis. Finally, the structural responses (displacements and equivalent stresses) of the risers were measured to demonstrate the efficiency of the riser connectors.


This study sought to determine factors contributing to Employee Retention in Banks in Iringa Municipality Tanzania. The study specifically assessed the contribution promotion opportunities, financial incentives and work environment on employees' retention. The researcher employed quantitative research approach, and research design was descriptive cross-sectional research. Data was obtained from 93 respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and inferential statistics (regression analysis). Regarding promotion opportunities, the study found that there is positive and significant relationship between promotion opportunities and employees retention. Furthermore on financial incentives were found to have positive and significant relationship with employees' retention and the study reveal banks provide bonuses and other benefits; however majority of the employees are not satisfied with salaried offered. Also the study also found there is positive and significant relationship between work environment and employees retention. As it was also revealed that work environment is very impressive as there are teamwork, support from management, and enough working tools but in terms of fair treatment the study there is a mixed opinion on this. All in all regression findings cemented that all the three determinants (work environment, promotion opportunities and financial incentives) have significant influence on employee retention. The study therefore concludes that there is significance influence between promotion opportunities, work environment and financial incentives on retention. Lastly the study recommends management of these banks to review salary and enhance fair treatment to all employees in the banks since most of employees had concerns on these two issues.


Both, the adaptation of climate change and the increasing demand for woody biomass as renewable energy source has focussed attention to improving plant material of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) for short rotation coppices. Its drought tolerance and many other favourable characteristics make it a promising species for biomass production in regions with low water availability in Germany. Samples of 45 progenies of European black locust seed stands from Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Romania and Slovakia were screened for growth performance after one season inside a greenhouse. Dehydration was measured by chlorophyll fluorescence during a controlled drought treatment of 21 days. The first results show a clear tree-to-tree differentiation as well as differences between progenies. Positive correlations between drought tolerance and biomass production of single genotypes make this approach a promising procedure for the selection of adapted plant material. After further investigation of potential progenies under field conditions, suitable plus trees may be micro-propagated and used directly as clones or for the establishment of seed orchards for the production of improved seed.


Drum shearer is the important work of institutions,as economic and environmental reasons,In actual experimental research shearer loading drum to be done.Using advanced computer technology to the shearer drum load simulation,for the design of the drum lay the groundwork.


With the research methods of documentary reference and investigation,the paper analyses the opportunities and challenges brought about by the 2008 Beijing Olympics to the school sport in China.The Olympics is the propeller of the development of school sports in China.


The dynamical properties of a complex system incorporate contributions from the diverse components from which it is constituted. To study this relationship in a multicomponent system, relaxation times based on rotation autocorrelation functions in molecular dynamics simulations were analyzed for molecules in two sets of unmodified and polymer-modified model asphalt/bitumen systems over 298–473 K. The model asphalt systems were proposed previously to approximate the chemical and mechanical properties of real asphalts. Relaxations were modeled using a modified Kaulrausch–Williams–Watts function and were based on the third Legendre polynomial of normal vector time correlation functions for aromatic species (asphaltene, polar aromatic, naphthene aromatic). Both the end-to-end vector and the longest axis eigenvector of the radius of gyration matrix were used for time correlation functions of chain molecules (C22, polystyrene). Decreases in temperature induced large increases in relaxation time consistent with ...


This work involved an evaluation of a Al-4wt%Si-2.5wtCu alloy to be used as raw materials in the thixoforming process. The alloy was produced by direct casting under electromagnetic stirring to obtain ingots of 250 mm length and 30 mm diameter. The alloy was analyzed to determine their morphology and rheological behavior in the semi-solid range. The tests included characterization of the microstructural evolution by subjecting them to re-heating treatment in two conditions of solid fractions, 45% and 60%, for 0, 30, 90 and 210 s. A compression testing device designed specifically to evaluate semi-solid materials was used to determine the rheological behavior, and the tests were performed at the same heating rate and hold times to determine the apparent viscosity. The use of electromagnetic stirring to produce the raw material was effective in producing alloy with very small grain/primary particle sizes (80 up to 120 µm). Based on the morphological evolution in the semi-solid state, the alloy showed only minor variations in grain/primary particle size and surface factor (SF) as a function of the different globularization heat treatment times, suggesting that all these alloys are suitable for production. The Al-4.0wt%Si-2.5wt%Cu alloy with 45% solid fraction presented apparent viscosity about 1.5 x106 Pa.s.


During the 1930s, a rudimentary culture of solidarity was emerging among U.S. workers. That culture was fueled by the economic downturn, but misery itself is never enough to provoke transformation. A new vision of community was emerging through the work of the Congress of Industrial Organizations, revolutionary activists and organizers, and the artists, writers, and theorists associated with the Popular Front. In order to confront the new realities given shape by our "Great Recession," perhaps it makes sense to think once more about that moment of promise, with its failures and its successes.


Objective:To investigate the cost between disposable oxygen moisture bottle and re-used oxygen moisture bottle.Methods:100 patients were selected,who continuous oxygen uptake for more than 10 days.And the patients randomly divided into group A(50 cases) and group B(50 cases).Patients in group A used disposable oxygen moisture bottles,Patients in group B used re-used oxygen moisture bottles.The bottles were detected in microbe laboratory according to "Technical standard of disinfection for Medical Institutions".The cost on the basis of oxygen moisture bottles,sterile water and the disinfectant were alculated.Results:No pathogenic bacterias were found in 50 disposable oxygen moisture bottles used 120 hours(5 days) by microbiology testing.By calculating,the cost was $9.3/d.However,the contamination rate of re-used oxygen moisture bottles was 28% after 24 hours,and the cost was $9.6/d.Conclusions:It's good for patients to introduce to use the qualified disposable oxygen moisture bottles.It's could reduce the opportunities of hospital infection.


We study the size of nodal sets of Laplacian eigenfunctions on compact Riemannian manifolds without boundary and recover the currently optimal lower bound by comparing the heat flow of the eigenfunction with that of an artificially constructed diffusion process. The same method should apply to a number of other questions; we use it to prove a sharp result saying that a nodal domain cannot be entirely contained in a small neighborhood of a "reasonably flat" surface and recover an older result of Cheng. The arising concepts can be expected to have many more connections to classical theory and we pose some conjectures in that direction.


The invention relates to a barreling tool for processing excircles, R surfaces and end faces and the barreling tool comprises a roller head and a tool grip. The barreling tool is characterized in that the head of the tool grip is a bearing seat, the lower part of the bearing seat is a C-shaped through-hole, the opening of the C-shaped through-hole and the roller head are on the same side; an antithrust bearing and a radial bearing are successively arranged on the shaft of the rotary disk roller head, a washer is arranged between the shafts, the two ends of each shaft are fixed on the bearing seat of the head of the tool grip through two positioning caps; and the angle beta between the axis of the rotary disk roller head and the spin axis of a workpiece is 35-55 degrees. The tool grip is arranged on the tool slide of a lathe and the roller head contacts with the workpiece and performs passive rotation. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the barreling tool integrates the functions of processing excircles, R surfaces and end faces, the structure is compact and the operation is convenient. Compared with the technology using three roller cutters separately, the technology using the barreling tool of the invention can reduce job processes, labor and materials and significantly lower the processing cost of workpieces.


The advancement of deep reactive-ion etching (DRIE) technology has enabled many 3-D structures, and are widely employed in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). From an electrical point of view, however, those structures have been used as passive components such as capacitors and resistors. To further evolve the utility of future MEMS devices, the authors propose to integrate "active electrical devices" into 3-D MEMS. As an example, vertical trench photodiodes were fabricated on an n-type bulk silicon wafer using DRIE and thermal diffusion of boron. A photocurrent increase from 25% to 70%, and 20% smaller crosstalk was seen in 40-mm deep-trench diodes, as compared to a planar diode made on the same wafer


The paper introduced the removing method of high fluorine driking water with natural zeolite pretreated by Fe(NO3)3 solution. The results have shown that firing temperature, size, modification of the zeolite have different effects on the removing fluorine, and modification zeolite which is 20 - 40mesh and is not fired can remove fluorine effectively from drinking water.


This experiment was designed to clarify the effect of low protein diet on cardiac hypertrophy using spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) as an experimental model.Sixteen SHRs were divided into two groups randomly and fed with 23% protein containing diet and 5 % protein containing diet respectively for 120 days.No definite difference of systolic blood pressure was recorded between two groups during the whole experimental period. The wet left ventricular weight of SHRs fed with low protein diet was significantly lighter than that of SHRs fed with normal protein diet. However, the average values of the left ventricular to body weight ratio were not statistically different between both groups because of poor attainment of body weight in the group fed with low protein diet. Cardiac cell diameter of the SHRs fed with low protein diet was significantly smaller than that of SHRs fed with normal protein diet. Electron microscopically, the cardiac cells of the group fed with normal protein diet showed hypertrophic findings, while more pronounced degenerative findings in the group fed with low protein diet.It is considered that during the process of cardiac hypertrophy the lack of sufficient amount of dietary protein could disturb the process of cardiac hypertrophy, leading to rather earlier myocardial degenerative changes and consequently to the development of cardiac dysfunction.


A finger-pressure therapy device to the body part, a first acupressure rod in contact with one side of the body part, and a second acupressure rods applying compression on the opposite side of the opposite body part is substantially on the one side, the rotation a drive unit for generating a force, a rotating shaft connected to the end of the second finger-pressure rod for transmitting the rotational force of the drive unit to the second finger-pressure rod, connected to an end portion of the first finger-pressure rod is, the elastic member pressing the second finger-pressure rod is applied to the first acupressure rods an elastic force so that the first finger pressure rod in a first direction opposite to the second direction exerted on the body part is rotated wherein said rotary shaft is a device that includes the like elastic member is attached mounting plate with rotatably mounted, wherein the rotary shaft is inserted to the end portion of the rotatable first finger-pressure rod result, the rotational force of the drive unit can not be transmitted to the first finger-pressure rod Apparatus characterized by being obstructed by the.


The aim of this dissertation is to create and convey an understanding of the significance of space and limits in the works of artists Louise Bourgeois and Rachel Whiteread. Focus is placed upon t ...


We've developed an intuitive planning system for neurosurgical procedures, using a variety of visualization techniques. In cooperation with our medical partners, we identified a workflow during which the surgeon inspects the tumor and surrounding tissue and specifies and analyzes access paths. To support this workflow, our application prototype utilizes novel as well as best-practice visualization techniques. It won the 2010 IEEE Visualization Contest (see the related sidebar).


Presented paper describes signal processing for electromagnetic flow meter dedicated for open channels. The investigation on the possibilities to use a multilayer neural network in the estimation of the flow velocity is discussed with respect to the distortions caused by the measuring method and external noises.


Message from the Chair ................................................................................................................................ 1 API Manufacturing Technology Focus Group Update................................................................................... 2 2012 Annual Meeting Session Review: Challenges and Strategies for Biosimilars Manufacturing .............. 3 MSE Announcements .................................................................................................................................... 7


The most diagnosed cancer among women worldwide is breast cancer. X-ray mammography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound are all medical procedures that have a few numbers of drawback. In this research, a microstrip patch antenna operating in ISM frequency range along with two types of 3D breast phantom has been created using CST microwave studio in order to identifying the presence of the malignant tumor. The aim of this paper is to detect the cancerous tumor in breast phantom by the variation of S11 parameters & SAR analysis. To reach this goal other parameters such as efficiency, reflection parameters, SAR have been evaluated. As reflection coefficient varies in the presence of tumor in the breast phantom & SAR value is higher for tumor cells, the tumor can be easily detected in this process. Detecting the cancerous tumor in this process is better than other processes because biological tissues remain harmless due to the non-ionizing nature of microwave.


In this contribution we present the results of high quality spectreoastrometry of a sample of 31 Herbig Ae/Be stars. Based on the spectra, we find that the B[e] phenomenon is ubiquitous amongst these pre-main sequence stars. A third of the sample objects is found to have forbidden [OI] and [FeII] line emission, while a further 20% displays the forbidden [OI] line, but not the [FeII] line emission. The spectro-astrometry we employ is a variant of longslit spectroscopy where spatially unresolved features can be studied. It has the potential to resolve circumstellar disks at milli-arcsecond scales and has been particularly successful in discovering binary systems with flux ratios of more than a thousand. We discover many new binaries, bringing the binary fraction of Herbig Ae/Be stars to around 70% - no other single technique has been able to find such a high frequency. We find that there is no significant difference between the binary properties of the Herbig Ae/B[e] and the Herbig Ae/Be stars. Where known, the position angles of the circumstellar disks of the primaries in the binary systems are aligned with the binary PA, indicating that the binary was formed during fragmentation rather than capture or mergers.


© 2018 Vidya Bhagat et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License -NonCommercialShareAlikeUnported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/). *Corresponding Author Mainul Haque, Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kem Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. E-mail: runurono @ gmail.com; mainul @ upnm.edu.my Enrich Schematization in Children: Play as The Tool for Cognitive Development


Three mathematical models of the same structure, the Lynx airframe, are used in th is generic study together with various types of hub loads to determine optimal actuator configurations for an active vibration control system. One of the mathematical models is a FE model while the two others are based on data from modal analyses of the same airframe but at low and high forcing level. An exhaustive search is used to establish a ranking of the top 100 actuator configurations for each combination of mathematical model and type of hub load excitation. The actuator configurations are compared with regard to locations and predicted reductions. An active vibration control experiment is conducted on the Lynx airframe using the filtered x-LMS algorithm.


The purpose of this paper is to apply GIS in farmland consolidation project in order to explore a new method for earthwork calculation and distribution.Method employed is first to establish two DEM models for the region of farmland consolidation,i.e.,before and after the farmland consolidation planning respectively.Secondly the calculation of the earthwork can be achieved based on the theory of spatial map algebra in GIS platform and the established two DEM models,and furthermore the realization of the distribution of the earthwork can also be fulfilled via alternative location-allocation model,which considers the fill and excavation quantities as supply and demand point.Taking a state-invested prime farmland consolidation project as example,which locates at Xiongji County of Zaoyang City in Hubei Province,the results show that basing on above methods it can be calculated that the quantity of parcels of the farmland that needed to be leveled is 29,the needed earthwork to be excavated is 435,120.86 m3,and the needed earthwork to be backfilled is 307,809.00 m3.Furthermore,a distribution plan with 200 m straight transportation distance has also been finally determined using alternative location-allocation model.It is concluded that the calculation and distribution of earthwork can be realized by means of GIS platform.


The diffuse reflectivity of polyimide during pulsed 193‐nm excimer laser irradiation has been compared to the specular reflectivity of the material over the fluence range 0.6–190 mJ/cm2. Diffuse reflectivity is observed to decrease with increasing fluence by a factor of ∼3 over the intensity range, and remains a roughly constant fraction (0.3–0.4) of total target reflectivity. These results indicate that appreciable scattering of reflected laser radiation out of the specular direction does not occur under ablation conditions, and therefore cannot account for the specularly reflected pulse truncation observed previously.


The invention discloses a machine tool fine adjustment sizing block, and relates to the technical field of a device for installing a machine tool or regulating the machine tool height. The machine tool fine adjustment sizing block comprises a concave base, a positioning post, a first tapered wedge block, a second tapered wedge block, a first support block, a second support block and a fine adjustment screw bolt. The fine adjustment screw bolt clockwise or anticlockwise rotates, and the first tapered wedge block and the second tapered wedge block are positioned on the fine adjustment screw bolt in different threaded directions, so the moving directions of the first tapered wedge block and the second tapered wedge block are opposite, meanwhile, the first tapered wedge block and the second tapered wedge block move towards two sides or the middle, meanwhile, the first support block and the second support block are driven to descend or ascend, the vertical fine adjustment function is realized, the horizontal translation is avoided, the position precision of an adjusted element in the horizontal direction is ensured, and the fine adjustment effect is good.


Superpave25 asphalt mixture has good road-use performance includes anti-rut in high temperature and moisture stability.It is worth popularizing as a new type undersurface layer gradation of asphalt pavement.


Abstract A method was developed for the analysis of phenylacetic acid produced by Proteus mirabilis during a 10-day incubation period. A daily sample was acidified and extracted with petroleum ether for 24 hours in a continuous extraction apparatus. The extract of each day was analyzed by reverse-phase liquid chromatography using UV detection at 254 nm. A 10-μl aliquot of the concentrated extract was injected onto an octadecylsilane column. The mobile phase consisted of 20% methanol and 80% sodium acetate buffer, 0.01 M, pH 4.2. This method may be used for screening other microbial fermentations for the production of similar lipophilic acids.


The juncture of the Ohio and Beaver rivers was of strategic importance during the long years of the American Revolution. Here, along the stone terrace which forms the northern bank of the Ohio, General Lachlan Mclntosh in the fall of 1778 constructed the fort which bears his name. Fort Mclntosh remained an important outpost on the frontier throughout the American Revolution and into the post-Revolutionary period. Plagued by a lack of supplies, vandalism, and the forces of natural decay, however, the post's diminishing importance after 1785 prompted the construction of a blockhouse on the east bank of the Beaver River in 1788. For many years, the physical appearance of Fort Mclntosh and of the smaller blockhouse up the Beaver from the fort remained conjectural. The archaeological and historical research which has now been accomplished permits some statements to be made regarding the design and construction of both installations. Much of what is known about Fort Mclntosh from diverse historical sources has already been published, but the reports of a succession of officers who commanded at the fort in the post-Revolutionary period offer additional information. These reports were discovered in the papers of Josiah Harmar, commander of the First American Regiment, and onetime commandant of Fort Mclntosh. The study has also revealed a previously unpublished drawing of the blockhouse on the Beaver River prepared by Lieutenant Edward Spear in 1788.


The disaster risk reduction nowadays has become the mainstream of development in Indonesia. The effectiveness of disaster management institutionalization, both at national level and regional level (province/regency/municipality), which has conducted several activities dealing with disaster prevention and preparedness. The participation of community is also a key success of disaster management. Indonesian community really elevates community bond and kinship, and also considers them as necessity to earn a living for each individual. Disaster risk reduction community action plan is one of the urgent solutions to reduce disaster in disaster resilient village in Indonesia. These research aim to know how is Community Action Plan for disaster risk reduction.
One of resilient villages in Indonesia piloted by the National Board for Disaster Management is Poncosari Village. Poncosari Village is situated in Srandakan District, Bantul Regency, the Special District of Yogyakarta Province.
The main disaster threat of this village is tsunami. Thus, the priority of disaster risk reduction community action plan in Poncosari is to cope with tsunami.


Introduction: "A Band of National Union": Literature, Gender, and American Language Ideologies 1. Hope Leslie, Women's Petitions, and Political Discourse in Jacksonian America 2. Vocal (Im)propriety and the Management of Sociopolitical Mobility in The Wide, Wide World and Ragged Dick 3. The (Re)Construction of Dialect and African American (Dis)Enfranchisement in Charles W. Chesnutt's Writings 4. Henry James and the Linguistic Domestication of Women and Immigrants at the Turn of the Century. Coda: Herland and "The Future of English": Considering Language, Gender, and National Identity in Early 20th-Century America


In article quality management of medical services on the basis of standardization is considered. The basic concepts of quality of medical services, standardization are defined. The analysis of influence of processes of standardization on quality of medical services is carried out. The indicators characterizing a degree of quality of activity of medical institutions in the Samara region are defined. The method of construction of a strategic profile of the organization that allows to operate a degree of quality of medical services is described.


The trace levels of selenium content in black peanuts were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(GF-AAS).The sample was ingested with high-pressure closed vessel using nitric acid-hydrogen peroxide as solvent.Pd(NO3)2+Mg(NO3)2 were selected as chemical modifiers to increase the thermostability of selenium,and the pyrolysis temperature and the atomization temperature for the experiments were seted at 500 ℃ and 2 000 ℃,respectively.Under the optimal conditions,the calibration curve showed a good linear relationship between the adsorption peak area and selenium concentration in the range of 10-200 μg·L-1 with a detection limit(3σ) of 8.78 μg·L-1.The relative standard deviation(n=11) of blank sample was 4.6%,and the recoveries varied from 96% to 113%.The result also indicated that the kernels and coats of black peanuts contained trace selenium and their contents were higher than those of other two local peanuts.


This article aims at analyzing the new Law on Crimes Against Sexual Dignity (Law 10.015/2009) as legal innovation that aims at assisting in combating violence and, consequently, their impacts on population health. It begins by conceptualizing violence in its many facets, and later sexual violence. It describes the changes in the Law on Sexual Offences against the dignity, in particular with regards to crimes of Rape and Sexual Crimes against Vulnerable (Chapters I and II) crimes such as sexual violence which strongly manifest, and which have great impact on health, since, besides generating psychological damage that may subsequently manifest itself in other diseases, allow the spread of sexually transmitted diseases, cause injury and may even lead to death. The scope of specific changes in criminal law and pondering the need for comprehensive measures to reduce violence in general and sexual violence in particular are both questioned.


Seed germination response to temperature and salinity and seedling response to daylength, temperature, and salinity were studied in Ammophila breviligulata Fern from Michigan and North Carolina Germination results indicated that Michigan seeds required cold treatment prior to germination in a 65-85 F treatment, but that seeds from North Carolina did not require cold treatment and germinated well in either 65-85 F or 65-95 F treatments. During germination, North Carolina seeds were more salt-tolerant and less sensitive to high temperatures than seeds from Michigan Seedling studies revealed that best vegetative growth by both populations occurred under long-day conditions with daytime temperatures between 70 and 80 F Growth of Michigan seedlings was more restricted under short daylengths at lower temperatures and also by high temperatures under both short- and long-day conditions than growth of North Carolina seedlings. Michigan seedlings generally contained more shoot moisture and had higher chlorophyll content than North Carolina seedlings North Carolina seedlings produced greater biomass than those from Michigan Salinity studies indicated no difference in substrate salt tolerance of seedlings of the two populations.


The following satire reflects the horrors of the prison system through a conversation between the author and his conscience (Virgil). Some of the moral, ethical, and social issues regarding the prison system are examined. It is evident that the system is in great need of a safer environment for its inhabitants. The author feels that the present system is outmoded and should be disbanded in favor of a more humane one.


This paper presents a digitally controlled closed-loop step-down charge pump converter with fractional conversion ratios, implemented in TSMC 0.18um 1P6M CMOS technology. A simple and area-efficient implementation of charge-pump converter with low ripple output voltage and fast settling time response implementation is achieved. The feedback loop configuration provides the circuit load protection from overvoltage. Moreover, this converter can function at 1 MHz operational frequency having a 2.2V to 3.3V input voltage suitable for battery applications. A regulated 1.1V output voltage with 10mA load current is achieved, with 10mV output voltage ripple, 82.9μs settling time, and 83.39% peak efficiency.


Rapidly increasing the yield for new process generations is crucial in achieving aggressive time-to-market requirements in semiconductor industry. As process scaling continues, subtle defects, primarily small delay defects that alter the timing of the circuits, are becoming increasingly common. An accurate diagnosis of small delay defects is essential in the identification of the cause of the defects and in the subsequent yield improvement. However, small and variable magnitude of small delay defects when coupled with the variable timing margins of the chips due to the process variation imposes inordinate challenges in small delay defect diagnosis. An approach for accurate small delay defect diagnosis that effectively prunes the candidate fault list based on the expected ordering of failure observation on outputs is proposed in this work.


The article briefly describes the major features, merits and limitation about superheat steam used in wood drying. And it lists some parameters, such as: drying temperature, drying span, energy consumption and cost etc., which came from experiments. These experiments used employed vacuum-superheat steam to dry pine and red oak. The drying speed of vacuum-superheat steam can be 3 to 7 times faster than conventional drying, and the drying quality is better, while energy consumption is less. But, the investment of vacuum-superheat steam equipment is 25% - 30% higher than conventional one. This technology must certainly have application prospect in drying those hard-to-dry and thick wood in the future.


Co-operative study is an important way of learning initiated by the new curriculum reform. The integration of the multi-objectives values should be reached in the classroom teaching where the method of the co-operation is applied. Co-operative study is a way of learning, a target of teaching and an attitude toward life. As a way of learning, the purpose of co-operative study is to change the acts in teaching and learning;as a target of teaching,the aim of co-operative study is to train the students' skills in co-operation; as an attitude towards life,the goal is to improve students' quality of learning.


Abstract Using an assay that measures the transfer of phosphatidyl-[3H]inositol from rat liver microsomes to liposomes consisting of phosphatidylcholine (98 mole %) and phosphatidylinositol (2 mole %), two proteins have been isolated from homogenates of bovine brain cortical tissue which specifically stimulate the above phospholipid exchange. Protein I, purified 508-fold, has a molecular weight of approximately 29,000 and an isoelectric point of 5.2, and protein II, purified 426-fold, has a molecular weight of approximately 30,000 and an isoelectric point of 5.5. Among the phospholipids examined in various transfer systems, both proteins exhibited a marked preference for phosphatidylinositol transfer; phosphatidylcholine, but not phosphatidylethanolamine, could also be transferred between membranes. The capacities to transfer phosphatidylinotisol and phosphatidylcholine were inhibited simultaneously by tryptic degradation of each protein; however, protein II was significantly more sensitive to this treatment than protein I. The effects of membrane concentration (microsomal protein or liposomal phospholipid) on relative rates of phosphatidylinositol transfer have been determined. Estimations of Km and V with respect to each membrane have been made. These properties of the brain phospholipid transfer proteins are discussed in relationship to those of other proteins which function in the redistribution of phospholipid between membranes.


The paper conducted a comprehensive study of the theoretical and practical aspects of the system of intergovernmental transfers. It is proved that the interpretation of intergovernmental transfers only as payments designed to balance local budgets and align regional disparities, is betrothed couple. Proved that intergovernmental transfers - a phenomenon that has a dualistic economic and socio - political nature. Justified functions of intergovernmental transfers that express the essence of intergovernmental transfers. Determined that the main source of wealth of the historical path of development and establishment of the system of intergovernmental transfers in Ukraine became the legal regulation of the functioning of these instruments of fiscal adjustment. Practical recommendations to improve the calculation and provision of intergovernmental transfers in order to ensure financial equalization and strengthen their influence on the socio-economic development of the administrative-territorial units.


AIM
To investigate the effect of particle size and high speed flow of helium gas on the systemic absorption of indomethacin using a needle-less injection system.

METHODS
Poly-L-lactic acid microspheres containing indomethacin was prepared by the o/w solvent evaporation technique. After anesthetizing the male hairless rat, microspheres filled in the tube cartridge was accelerated by a stream of helium gas at various velocity in the Helios gun system, and then was introduced to the abdominal skin.

RESULTS
Introduction of indomethacin to the hairless rat skin was proportionally increased with enhancing the helium pressure (supersonic flow). Bioavailability and Cmax were also dependent on the helium pressure.

CONCLUSION
This method can be used to deliver the powered drug and/or microparticulate systems into the skin tissues and the systemic circulation.


The output power of photovoltaic(PV) is uncertain.In order to mitigate the negative impacts of the uncertainty on power grid,a grey and neural network(grey-NN) hybrid model is proposed to forecast the short-term output power of PV.This hybrid forecasting method combines traditional direct and indirect forecasting methods.It considers the main factors that influences the PV output power and builds the hourly power grey models by choosing proper samples which have the similar weather condition with the prediction day.Then a neural network model is set up to obtain the final predicted power.The input data of the neural network model are output of grey models plus temperature.This paper uses practical output power data of PV to evaluate three different models of grey,neural network and grey-NN.The evaluation results show that the grey-NN model can predict the short-term output power of PV more precisely and has a potential value in practical applications.


Abstract In this paper, we have studied how elderly people's frame of mind influences their response to experiencing nature, measured in terms of blood pressure, pulse rate, concentration and results from protocols. Two theories concerning the importance of psychological balance have been put forward earlier by Lawton and Kiiller, both of whom maintain that the surrounding everyday environment is one of the keys to a harmonious existence. We present findings supporting the theory that the positive experience of natural surroundings per se has a balancing and healing effect. We have found that the people most affected by their surroundings are those with the greatest psycho-physiological imbalance. When the balance tilts, the balancing effect of the green experience can restore the individual to a state of better harmony. Time spent in the outdoors is, thus, especially important for individuals who easily lose their equilibrium or find it difficult to make compensatory changes to restore harmony on their own. The research project is an intervention study in which fifteen elderly individuals living at a home for very old people participated. Their power of concentration, blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and after an hour of rest in a garden and in an indoor setting, respectively. Seven elderly people were randomly chosen to have their first series of tests in a garden, while eight elderly people had their first series of tests indoors. The results indicate that power of concentration increases for very old people after a visit in a garden outside the geriatric home in which they live, as compared to resting indoors in their favorite room. The results did not show any effects on blood pressure or heart rate. However, when we compared these results with the background variables, we found interesting correlations. Background variables included how often they took part in social activities, showed helpfulness toward other residents in group activities and tolerance/critique of other residents. After a factor analysis, the background variables formed three distinct factors, one of which showed significant correlation with blood pressure and heart rate: the factor psycho-physiological balance, with the variables "degree of tolerance," "degree of helpfulness" and "frequency of hospital visits." Elderly people with low psycho-physiological balance, that is, who had low tolerance of other residents, were not helpful in group activities and had a high frequency of hospital visits, were most affected by a stay in a garden, as could be measured in changes in heart rate and blood pressure. The results may be interpreted as showing that a garden can restore an elderly person with low psycho-physiological balance to a state of better harmony. The present study show, first, that an outdoor visit is important for recovery from stress and fatigue and, second, that the improvement is especially significant for the most susceptible. Thus, it is of particular importance that weak groups, such as elderly in great need of care, have access to an outdoor space. Such groups are likely to include many people who are in psycho-physiological imbalance.


In this paper,1 genus 5 species and 6 varieties of Rubiaceae,which were not recorded in Flora of Henan,are reported.Among which 1 genus (Neanotis) 2 species (Neanotis hirsuta and Adina pilulifera)are newly-recorded in Henan Province.Basides the author also has revised scientific names of 6 maxons.


The purpose of this research is to give solution for the decreasing
problem of Yamaha product sales level in year 2010 until 2011, through some
variables such as: price level, product design and after sales service, in order to
increase the consumer willingness to buy.
In this research, it used 100 samples that was taken from some people in
Semarang. By using the regresive analysis through SPSS software for windows, it
shows a result that price, product design and after sales service have a positif and
significant influence to consumer willingness to buy. From those 3 independent
variables that used in this research, it shows that price variable has the bigest
impact to consumer willingness to buy. Therefore, implication that suggested in
this research is to be more competitive and then followed by a better product
design quality and increase the quality of after sales service in order to increase
the consumer willingness to buy.


Abstract Past deacidification and consolidation of previously deteriorating Batavia timbers have stabilised the reconstruction to a large extent but the display remains in urgent need of some extensive aesthetic improvements. After experimenting with different adhesives for repairing broken timbers and filling solutions for covering the very large, visible saw cuts on the reconstruction it was ascertained that the most successful adhesive was 75%(w/v) polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in ethanol and the most appropriate filler was 90% PEG 3350/10% PVP in ethanol (w/w). These solutions were applied to the reconstruction and the repairs, and filled areas remain stable after two years.


ABSTRACT Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Chromobacterium piscinae strain ND17. This bacterium was isolated from a fresh water sample in Malaysia and exhibits quorum-sensing activity. This first draft genome of C. piscinae strain ND17 will pave the way to future studies of the quorum-sensing properties of this isolate.


The first cubic zinc phosphonate [tBuPO(3)Zn(2-apy)](4) (1) whose core resembles the D4R SBU of zeolites, has been synthesised from a reaction between zinc acetate, tert-butylphosphonic acid and 2-aminopyridine at room temperature; the X-ray structure determination reveals that the molecules of , which crystallise in the tetragonal I4(1)/a space group with crystallographically imposed 4 symmetry, form a 3-D supramolecular assembly aided by N-H...O hydrogen bonding.


Songs, elegies, dramatic dialogues and dance music from pre-Shakespearean English drama, sung by boy treble and alto; music by Parsons, Farrant and Holborne.


Non-destructive testing (NDT), through radiographic image inspection is widely used in industry for ensuring the quality of the manufacturing processes. Generally this test explores defects in welding, casting and moulding processes. Conventionally the inspection processes are carried out manually; recently automated systems are developed to improvise quality of the manufacturing processes. In such system, automatic image interpretation and classifications plays a major role. When such tasks are hand-engineered, it calls in for human experts making the system more constrained, and there arises a need for developing an automated system to address the issue of the NDT process. Several researchers proposed statistical and geometrical-based approaches for defect classification in weldment. However, the results from these methods had significant misclassification rate. In order to reduce the rate of misclassification during the detection process, a novel approach is proposed in this research paper. The approach incorporates fractal-based image analysis for obtaining features from an input image and a fuzzy-based rule engine for detection and classification of circular/longitudinal defects that appears in the radiographic image.


Public administration (PA) as an area of academic study and intellectual pursuit has long suffered from a lack of distinctiveness. While there is benefit inside struggle, and acknowledging that the field has advanced, there is progress remaining to be made. Focusing on the development of a skill base among Public Administrators that adds value to current vocational settings and positions the practitioner to be professionally lithe (through skills that are transferable to other public settings, quasipublic settings, and private industry) is personally and professionally healthy. To this end, mastery of statistical process control, process improvement, lean service/manufacturing, six sigma, and project management will optimally position the PA practitioner to add organizational value while concomitantly maximizing vocational flexibility


We investigate the effects of tidally induced asymmetric disc structure on accretion onto the white dwarf in intermediate polars. Using numerical simulation, we show that it is possible for tidally induced spiral waves to propagate sufficiently far into the disc of an intermediate polar that accretion onto the central white dwarf could be modulated as a result. We suggest that accretion from the resulting asymmetric inner disc may contribute to the observed X-ray and optical periodicities in the light curves of these systems. In contrast to the stream-fed accretion model for these periodicities, the tidal picture predicts that modulation can exist even for systems with weaker magnetic fields where the magnetospheric radius is smaller than the radius of periastron of the mass transfer stream. We also predict that additional periodic components should exist in the emission from low mass ratio intermediate polars displaying superhumps.


The invention discloses a kind of water tumbler, it belongs to articles for daily use field, and it can make water tumbler be more convenient for drinking operation and carrying.Technical scheme of the present invention realizes like this, it comprises cup, a pair hanger distributed up and down is had at the side device of described cup, movablely respectively on hanger be connected with the upper rack posts that all identical and right part of size shape is all bent downwardly a section, lower fulcrum bar, the shaft of one L shape by two slit openings that the body of rod distributes up and down and bearing pin respectively with upper rack posts, the right part of lower fulcrum bar is flexibly connected and becomes handle, at the top of L shape handle and the left end head position at lancet position and just right upper rack posts position thereof, all device has the upper magnetic steel matched, lower magnetic steel, in handle, the suitable position of the inside is also pasted with handle magnet steel simultaneously.


This article describes the experiment methods and the steps of the laboratory dry shrinkage in the semi-rigid base materials of the lime soil,cement soil and lime-fly ash with sulfate.The relation curves of the dry shrinkage changes with water loss rate of the solemnization semi-rigid base material at optimum water content have been drawn.The experimental results show that the sodium sulfate crystallization from the pore solution for the water evaporation caused by drying and the expansion of the crystallization offset the dehydration shrinkage in the semi-rigid base materials.Thus it reduces the semi-rigid base material shrinkage cracks.And we recommend that the optimum sodium sulfate content for each material.In the initial stages of water loss,the dry shrinkage strain and the dry shrinkage coefficient increased rapidly as the water loss rate increased.Both the dry shrinkage strain,and corresponding shrinkage coefficient would slow down.Under the same circumstances of the water loss rate or exposure time,the order of descending for the dry shrinkage strainis: the lime stabilized soil the cement stabilized soil the lime-fly ash stabilized soil(10∶15∶75) the lime-fly ash soil(10∶45∶45).And the order of descending for the dry shrinkage coefficient is: the cement stabilized soil the lime stabilized soil the lime-fly ash stabilized soil(10∶15∶75)the lime-fly ash soil(10∶45∶45).


We describe a scalable decoder for parsing-based machine translation. The decoder is written in JAVA and implements all the essential algorithms described in Chiang (2007): chart-parsing, m-gram language model integration, beam- and cube-pruning, and unique k-best extraction. Additionally, parallel and distributed computing techniques are exploited to make it scalable. We also propose an algorithm to maintain equivalent language model states that exploits the back-off property of m-gram language models: instead of maintaining a separate state for each distinguished sequence of "state" words, we merge multiple states that can be made equivalent for language model probability calculations due to back-off. We demonstrate experimentally that our decoder is more than 30 times faster than a baseline decoder written in PYTHON. We propose to release our decoder as an open-source toolkit.


In recent times, synthetic dyes are more widely used than natural dyes. However, natural dyes are eco-benign and harmless. In the growing demand for eco-friendly coloring agents in process industries such as food, textiles, leather and others, natural dyes have high potential. The manufacture and the use of the same necessitate better raw materials and processing methods. These natural dyes could also be obtained from waste vegetable materials such as peels, shells, seeds etc. The sources such as pomegranate peels, onion peels, leaves of eucalyptus, walnut husks, peanut shells, strawberries, indigo seeds, sunflower seeds etc. India is the second largest producer of Onion in the world and about 2.3 to 4.5 Million Tonnes of onion peels are produced per year in India. The peels of onions provide an exceptionally rich source of plant compounds called flavonoids and a dye named Pelargodinin can also be obtained. The extraction of dye was carried out by using acetic acid (10% solution) and compared with water based extraction. Yield of natural dyes from onion peel has been analyzed using UV-VIS spectroscopy. Extraction using water gave a dark red dye. Acetic acid extraction yielded a dark pink dye. UV-VIS spectrometry and gravimetric analysis have been done for each dye extracted. Percentage Extract Yield of Dye has been found to be 20% and 23.3% respectively for the water and acetic acid based extraction processes. A piece of leather was also dyed using Pelargonidin dye obtained from Onion peel, extracted using acetic acid and found to be useful. In this regard, present paper, valuable use of these Onion peels for beneficial purpose such as Natural Dye extraction has been studied as viable Development of Eco-benign products from Agricultural waste material.


This article proposes a consumer demand system that has a generalized functional form characterized by the Box-Cox transformation. The new model offers a wider range of responses to both price and expenditure changes than the existing price independent generalized linear models, including the almost ideal demand system. Even with these features, its functional form is relatively simple and easy to interpret and implement. An empirical illustration is given for Japanese demand for nondurable goods and services. The results show that the new model is preferable to the nested models in terms of relative explanatory power and producing reasonable elasticities. Copyright 2006 by the Economics Department Of The University Of Pennsylvania And Osaka University Institute Of Social And Economic Research Association.


A city cannot be fully perceived and understood until, as well as being described, its reality is also inscribed into literature by writers. In this regard, Moncton's literary destiny is quite unique, since modern-day Moncton, expressed so vividly in the writing of the late Gérald Leblanc, was first expressed in a dysphoric mode (or at least it would so appear) by the Québécois writer Jacques Ferron. It is clear that Acadie, and in particular Moncton, inhabit an important space in Ferron's imaginary cartography. Ferron rarely travelled outside Québec; at the beginning of his medical career, he did, however, cross the entire country from the east coast to the west. Besides this pan-Canadian odyssey, which reinforced his sovereigntist outlook, Ferron only left Québec on a few occasions. Among his travels were a trip to the Acadian Peninsula in July 1968, and a much more distant trip to Warsaw in October 1973. All the same, he did come three times to Moncton, the first time while he wrote for a newspaper of the medical profession, L'information médicale et paramédicale, to report on the National Congress on Mental Retardation held there in September 1966, and again in 1972 and 1974, when invited by Pierre L'Hérault, who was at that time a professor in the Département d'études françaises at the Université de Moncton.


This paper proposes the idea of a GSM based wireless display system which deals with the issue of reduction of orthodox techniques for large scale display using paper or other methods. It discusses the wireless display on digital notice board using GSM module and Arduino. The project consists of GSM module, Arduino as the microcontroller and an LCD for display. The system is based on real time process and provides a more hassle-free and automated method for mass display. With the world moving towards more and more automation day by day, the proposed system proves to be a boon in the field of mass communication.


Based on the principal-agent theory,we discuss the relationship among tax collection,corporate tax and corporate investment efficiency. We select the data from the A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2012 as samples,and our empirical research finds that:( 1) Tax collection will reduce corporate tax avoidance degree;( 2) corporate tax avoidance will reduce the efficiency of corporate investment;( 3) tax collection will improve the efficiency of corporate investment;( 4) tax collection will suppress the negative correlation between corporate tax avoidance and corporate investment efficiency. This study has important theoretical and practical significance to improve the investment efficiency and expand specific path of tax collection company governance role.


The objective of this paper is to investigate how professionals cope with identity tensions inherent to their profession on a daily basis. We address this issue by studying identity tensions and identity work of well-established professionals in a stable profession. Using interview data gathered from 42 pharmacists in France, we found that professional identity encompassed different facets, and that being a professional involved a routine identity work of 'fitting' the different facets together. We showed that this routine work occurred in parallel to – and in association with - a more reactive appraisal of professional identity, as environment-generated identity tensions led pharmacists to reappraise who they were as pharmacists. We also revealed that professionals can exert their agency and invent their own way of 'being' a professional through crafting their own practices. Thus the multiplicity of identity facets, although a source of ambiguity and tensions, also constitutes a space for agency. Theoret...


Instrument control can improve measurement level of automation. In the actual control of the accelerator electron gun, we need to obtain a voltage with different amplitudes for the filament. Boost and voltage regulator modules should be used in the 220V AC input conditions. In order to adjust the filament voltage and stabilize the filament current more convenient, we developed a control software based on LabVIEW.


This paper expounds briefly the measures adopted in the construction of the waterproof of the flat roof, and from aspects of the roof draining slope, the roof waterproof base, the roof temperature deformation, and the parapet flashing, etc., and introduces some methods for improving the roof waterproof structure.


Image Quality Assessment plays an important role in various image processing applications. It is still an active area of research. A great deal of effort has been made in recent years to develop objective image quality metrics that correlate well with perceived human quality measurement or subjective methods. Image quality assessment means estimating the quality of an image and it is used for many image processing applications. Image quality can be measured in two ways, subjective and objective method. In Subjective image quality assessment the evaluation of quality by humans is obtained by mean opinion score (MOS) method where in objective evaluation of quality is done by algorithms. It concerned with how image is perceived by a viewer and gives his or her opinion on a particular image and judge quality of the multimedia content. The human eyes extract structural information from the viewing field, so the human visual system is highly adapted for this purpose.


7528 Background: Therapies directed at both the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways have been shown to improve survival in NSCLC and also have radiosensitizing properties.

METHODS
Pts receive Ind Cb (AUC 6), P (225 mg/m2) and B (15 mg/kg) on d1 and 22. PET scans are done pre- and post-I. On day 43, pts receive weekly Cb (AUC 2 x 7) and P (45 mg/m2 x 7) with 74 Gy (2 Gy/d) of thoracic conformal radiotherapy (TCRT). Cohort I (n=5) received B at 10 mg/kg q2wks during C therapy. Cohorts II and III (both n=5) received the same dose of B as in cohort I but also received Er at 100 mg and 150 mg po Tuesday - Friday of each week of C therapy, respectively. The primary endpoint is PFS at 1 year. All histologies are allowed including squamous (SQ) (an early stopping rule is in place for pulmonary hemorrhagic (PH) complications in SQ pts).

RESULTS
Thus far, 31 eligible PS 0-1 pts have been accrued (med age 62 yrs, range 41-74, 19 non- squamous, 12 SQ, 63% IIIA, 37% IIIB). Ind CbP + B has been well tolerated (1 gr 3 hypertension). No PH during Ind has been seen (including the 12 SQ cell pts). Response after Ind, 37% PR, 59% SD, 4% PD. Tumor volumes and PET SUVs have significantly decreased comparing pre- and post-Ind studies (p=0.0001 and p=0.0002, respectively). Cohort II has been expanded as the phase II regimen. To date, 25 of 26 (96%) pts have achieved the dose of 74 Gy (1 pt stopped at 60 Gy due to ILD). During Conc therapy, the principal toxicity has been esophagitis (53.8% gr 2, 19.2% gr 3). One grade 3 PH occurred in 1 SQ pt. One gr 5 late (> 2 mos after treatment) PH occurred in a SQ pt. Overall response rate following treatment - 68.2% (95% CI, 45-86%). The PFS at 1 year is 58% (95% CI, 34-76%) with an estmated 1-year overall survival rate of 79% (95% CI, 53-92%) which compares favorably to our historical experience.

CONCLUSIONS
Preliminarily, we conclude that 1) Incorporation of B and E into this treatment paradigm appears feasible, 2) Esophagitis remains the primary toxicity, 3) Phase II accrual continues but early analysis of survival appears promising. Further details regarding the TCRT parameters and toxicity will be presented. [Table: see text].


Abstract Law schools throughout the United States are considering strategies to embed the concepts of antiracism,diversity, equity, and inclusion into legal education. How does the work of their law libraries intersect with this effort? One potential point of intersection is through law library collection develpment. This article offers an overview of strategies to both curate and bolster representation of diverse voices in an academic law library collection using the theories of critical legal information literacy and epistemic injustice.


In vrtro culture of ovules and embyros IS commonly used to produce hybrrds from rncompalrble
crosses. In several mlerspecrlrc crossar in Arachlr, ovule and or embryo cullure rs necessary
because the ovules do nor develop lully in vrvo
Ovule srzes from drfferml crosses and dliierenr hormone lrealmenrs range lrom less then 0 3 mm
lo 5 0 mm, rarely 7 0 mm Ovules smaller than 3 0 mm had to be cultured mlrre as the proembryos
rhey conlamed were roo small lor drsseclron and cullure Ovules larger rhan 3 Omm were drssecred
and lherr embryos cullured
All the ovules were culturedon MS medra with or wrlhoul agar and with diilerenl concenlrrtrons
of various hormones
Dependrng on the hormones used and therr concenlratrons, drilerenr responses were observed
Surface callus formatron, greenmg, swellrng. and browntng were common rn cullured ovules
Embryos emerged from some of the ovules end planllers have been oblarned Cultured embryos
showed srmrler responses, and some cultured embryos germinated, and developed rnlo planllsls


Mechanisms of action as well as cellular targets of glatiramer acetate (GA) in multiple sclerosis (MS) are still not entirely understood. IL-1β is present in CNS-infiltrating macrophages and microglial cells and is an important mediator of inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE), the MS animal model. A natural inhibitor of IL-1β, the secreted form of IL-1 receptor antagonist (sIL-1Ra) improves EAE disease course. In this study we examined the effects of GA on the IL-1 system. In vivo, GA treatment enhanced sIL-1Ra blood levels in both EAE mice and patients with MS, whereas IL-1β levels remained undetectable. In vitro, GA per se induced the transcription and production of sIL-1Ra in isolated human monocytes. Furthermore, in T cell contact-activated monocytes, a mechanism relevant to chronic inflammation, GA strongly diminished the expression of IL-1β and enhanced that of sIL-1Ra. This contrasts with the effect of GA in monocytes activated upon acute inflammatory conditions. Indeed, in LPS-activated monocytes, IL-1β and sIL-1Ra production were increased in the presence of GA. These results demonstrate that, in chronic inflammatory conditions, GA enhances circulating sIL-1Ra levels and directly affects monocytes by triggering a bias toward a less inflammatory profile, increasing sIL-1Ra while diminishing IL-1β production. This study sheds light on a mechanism that is likely to participate in the therapeutic effects of GA in MS.


Electromagnetic (EM) simulation is currently a highly-needed planning tool in high frequency systems. The main objective of EM simulation is to find an approximate solution for Maxwell's equations that satisfies the given boundary conditions and a set of initial conditions. The most famous methods for solving EM problems are finite element method (FEM). Computations involved in FEM consume too much time. In this paper, the performance improvement from using hardware emulation (FPGAs) and GPUs to solve large numbers of linear equations is evaluated. The results show that GPUs have superior performance over FPGAs.


An Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) was trained to detect targets in the presence of interference induced by a clutter screen. The screen consisted of forty‐eight 5.1‐cm‐diam cork spheres spaced 15.2 cm apart and arranged in a rectangular array. Hollow aluminum cylinders having the same outer diameter and wall thickness and three different lengths were used as targets. Only one target was presented per target‐present trial and it was placed in the plane of the clutter screen at its midpoint. The payoff matrix was manipulated by changing the amount of reinforcement (number of pieces of fish) for correct detections and rejections. In terms of the ratio of correct detections to correct rejections, the payoff matrix was varied over four values—1:1, 4:1, 8:1, and 1:4. As the payoff matrix increased from 1:1 to 4:1 and 8:1, the dolphin became progressively more liberal in reporting on the presence of a target with a subsequent increase in both the correct detection and false alarm rates. However...


Objective To investigate the expression and distribution of Diacylglycerol Kinase α (DGKα) mRNA in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),and to explore the function of DGKα in the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods Tissues from 30 cases of HCC and 5 normal liver tissues were collected immediately after surgical resection.Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization were used to detect the expression levels and distribution of DGKα mRNA,respectively.Results Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that the expression level of DGKα mRNA in HCC (0.798±0.317) and normal tissues (0.908±0.425) was significantly higher than those in carcinoma adjacent tissue with cirrhosis (0.205±0.102,P<0.05).In situ hybridization demonstrated that the number of DGKα mRNA positive hepatocytes in HCC [(57.6±6.3)/mm2] and normal tissues [69.8±8.7)/mm2] was significantly higher than those in carcinoma adjacent tissue with cirrhosis [(26.3±4.9)/mm2,P<0.05]; DGKα mRNA was expressed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in HCC and carcinoma adjacent tissue with cirrhosis,and in the nuclear of hepatocytes in normal tissues.Conclusion The present study suggests that DGKa may play important roles in carcinogenesis and progressing of HCC.

Key words:
Liver neoplasms; Diacylglycerol Kinase; In situ hybridization


The Department of Energy (DOE) at the Fernald Environmental Management Project (FEMP), near Cincinnati, Ohio, has successfully impacted the safety, cost and schedule goals of the Decontamination and Dismantling (D&D) Program by using the art of implosions. An implosion is the act of bringing a structure down in a well planned and directed manner using explosive materials. Three major structures in three separate projects were imploded using this well known commercial technology. Safety is, and will always be, the major consideration with each of the projects. As each project succeeded another, the work process used new and improved methods to lower the risk to the environment, provide a safer workplace by reducing the exposure of high risk work and reducing the spread of lead, asbestos and radioactive materials. The time frame for dismantlement of the steel structures was greatly improved, thus reducing the total project cost. The lessons learned were incorporated from one project to another, to continually improve the work process. A number of alternatives were considered for the removal of the structures, seven, four and three stories in height. The subcontractor and its demolition sub-tier contractor worked in a fixed price lump sum contract environment. While skeptical at first, the subcontractor realized the benefits of the technology, a win-win situation for all participants. The overall planning of each of the events was tied to the needs of the client (DOE), the stakeholders and the community surrounding the site, and the continuing progress at the Fernald site. The recording and application of several key lessons learned in the sequence of implosions, will be the key issues of interest in this paper. Each project offered interesting opportunities for contingency planning, coordination, safety culture adjustments, and high regard for the protection of surrounding structures.


Pulse wave velocity and arterial stiffness are considered gold standard for assessing sub clinical target organ damage. Endothelial dysfunction is directly proportional to development of pre-clinical atherosclerosis. These above-mentionedsurrogate markers are relatively higher in patients with uncontrolled or resistant hypertension patients. The objective was to assess if arterial stiffness and pulse wave velocity are also surrogate markers for pre-clinical atherosclerosis development in patients with resistant hypertension. A total of 160 patients with resistant hypertension from Croatia and India were included in the study. Their central blood pressure and other clinical values were assessed using non-invasive device. With the results obtained can conclude that arterial stiffness is an independent marker which is directly proportional to endothelial dysfunction and development of pre-clinical atherosclerosis.


Bioethanol fermentation is continuously exposed to contamination by Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). In this study, the effect of adding nisin (250 mg l−1) to the acid wash on the viability of five bacterial contaminants were evaluated both alone and in co‐incubation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Additionally, fed‐batch fermentation was performed using an acid or acid/nisin wash for S. cerevisiae alone and cocultured with the LAB strains. Parameters such as ethanol production, sugar consumption and lactic acid production were monitored. Four model LAB were more susceptible to the acid/nisin wash than the acid wash, and were most susceptible when incubated with yeast. A fifth model LAB was very sensitive to both treatments regardless of the presence of yeast. The addition of nisin to the acid wash lowered the required time for adequate washing and resulted in a higher ethanol production (54·5 ± 0·1 g l−1) than the acid wash alone (52·6 ± 0·1 g l−1) in a subsequent fermentation. These results indicate the potential benefits of supplementing with nisin to improve the acid wash step of bioethanol fermentations.


THE Bushmen of the Kalahari Desert are a people who have been of great interest to anthropologists for many years. They are in many ways distinct from the Bantu tribes of Africa, being shorter of stature, lighter in colour, and of very different anthropometric dimensions. Human remains of similar type have been found widely scattered in the eastern part of the African continent, and three centuries ago they ranged over even wider areas of Africa. They are aboriginal inhabitants who are now limited to the semi-desert areas they now inhabit as a result of pressure from invading Bantu tribes. While many still follow their original wild way of life, increasing numbers tend to move to the vicinity of farms where they have the advantages of a more assured supply of food and water. In the wild state they live a nomadic life in a terrain that few others could inhabit, and they have highly developed techniques of survival by which they obtain food and water from these arid regions. Their modern habitat, the Kalahari desert, occupies parts of South West Africa, Bechuarialand, and Angola. Those examined in the present study were members of the Heikom tribe living in association with farms within a radius of 65 miles from Gobabis in South West Africa, some 200 miles from the Bechuanaland border. They had come originally from Karakuves, a settlement in Bechuanaland about 100 miles from Fort Rietfontein. Details about the Bushmen, their customs, mode of survival and physical characteristics may be obtained from the studies of Fourie (1928), Tobias (1964), and Silberbauer (1965). Silberbauer


We have considered a classical spin system, consisting of n-component unit vectors (n = 2, 3), associated with a semi-infinite lattice in one dimension {uk, k ∈ N+}, and interacting via inhomogeneous pair potentials, anisotropic in spin space, and of the long-range ferromagnetic form \[ W =W_{jk} = -\frac{\epsilon}{\max (j, k)} \left( au_j, {}_n u_{k, n} +b \sum\limits_{\alpha 0, b ≥ 0, and the symbols uj,α denote Cartesian components of the spins. On the basis of available theoretical results, one can prove the existence of an ordering transition at a finite temperature for n ≥ 2, b = 0, as well as upper and lower bounds on the transition temperatures. We have studied the two cases n = 2, 3, b = 0, by computer simulation, and made a comparison with the Mean Field treatment.


Abstract The effect of the addition of rhenium and sulfur on the catalytic properties of platinum and on its ability to resist deactivation by carbonaceous deposits was studied. The reactions of neopentane (2,2-dimethylpropane), n -hexane, and cyclohexane in excess H 2 were studied on model bimetallic catalysts prepared by the deposition of platinum on a rhenium foil or vice versa. The rates were measured in a batch reactor with a ratio of H 2 to hydrocarbon of 30 or 60, a H 2 pressure of 450 kPa, and a reaction temperature in the range of 570 to 800 K. Rhenium-sulfur is catalytically inactive and acted only as a diluent to platinum. As the platinum ensembles on the surface became smaller by dilution with rhenium-sulfur, the rates of the structure-sensitive reactions decreased rapidly and eventually only hydrogenation-dehydrogenation reactions were observed. Most importantly, as the size of the platinum ensembles decreased, they became more resistant to poisoning than the larger ones.


DavidA. Schwartz,MD,MPH, has been appointed chairman of the Department of Medicine at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. His appointment was effective Jan. 1, 2011. A Professor of Medicine and Immunology, Dr. Schwartz's research has focused on the genetics and epigenetics of environmental lung disease. He has determined that a variant of the gene TLR4 predisposes some individuals to be more susceptible to adverse effects of bacteria, and has also demonstrated that a variant in a mucus encoding gene in the lung markedly enhances the risk of pulmonary fibrosis. Dr. Schwartz earned his undergraduate degree at the University of Rochester and his MD from the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine. He was an intern, resident and chief resident at Boston City Hospital before earning his MPH at the Harvard School of Public Health. He subsequently completed a fellowship with the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at the University of Washington. In 1988, Dr. Schwartz joined the Department of Internal Medicine at the University of Iowa, where he became a full professor and was director of the Center for Environmental Lung Disease. He joined Duke University Medical Center in 2000. During his tenure at Duke, he served as a Professor of Medicine, Genetics, and Environmental Sciences; Chief of the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine; and Director of the Center for Environmental Genomics. He became director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), a part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), in 2005. He joined National Jewish Health as a Professor of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Immunology, and Director of the Center for Genes, Environment, and Health in 2008. Among other awards, Dr. Schwartz received the American Thoracic Society Lifetime Scientific Achievement Award. He has published extensively. He holds five patents and has more than $30 million in active NIH grants.


Local geometry of sub-Finslerian structures in dimension 3 associated with a maximum norm are studied in the contact case. A normal form is given. Short extremals, local switching conjugate and cut loci, and small spheres are described in the generic case.


8-oxo-guanine (8OG) is the most prevalent form of oxidative DNA damage. In bacteria, 8OG is excised by formamidopyrimidine glycosylase (Fpg) as the initial step in base excision repair. To efficiently excise this lesion, Fpg must discriminate between 8OG and an excess of guanine in duplex DNA. In this study, we explore the structural basis underlying this high degree of selectivity. Two structures have been reported in which Fpg is bound to DNA, differing with respect to the position of the lesion in the active site, one structure showing 8OG bound in the syn conformation, the other in anti. Remarkably, the results of our all-atom simulations are consistent with both structures. The syn conformation observed in the crystallographic structure of Fpg obtained from B. stearothermophilus is stabilized through interaction with E77, a non-conserved residue. Replacement of E77 by Ser, creating the Fpg sequence found in E. coli and other bacteria, results in preferred binding of 8OG in the anti conformation. Our calculations provide novel insights into the roles of active site residues in binding and recognition of 8OG by Fpg. DNA is a major target of oxidative damage which, in turn, has been linked to human diseases associated with aging, including cancer (1, 2). 8-oxoguanine (8OG) (3) is one of the most common forms of oxidative DNA damage(4); failure to repair this lesion prior to DNA replication leads to G:C to A:T transversion mutations in bacterial and mammalian cells(5). In E. coli, Fpg (MutM), MutY and MutT work in concert to counter the potentially deleterious effects of 8OG (6, 7). Fpg is an 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase/AP lyase which excises 8OG from oxidatively damaged DNA. This multi-step process is initiated by nucleophilic attack on C1′ by the N-terminal proline of Fpg, forming a Schiff base intermediate. Proton abstraction leads to βelimination of the 3′ phosphate, followed by hydrolysis of the Schiff base and δ-elimination, generating a single base gap (8, 9). To whom correspondence should be addressed: email@example.com, (631-632-1336 (phone), 631-632-1555 (fax)). Supporting information available: Figures S1–S4, Table S1. This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http:// pubs.acs.org HHS Public Access Author manuscript Biochemistry. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2021 July 22. Published in final edited form as: Biochemistry. 2006 September 12; 45(36): 10886–10894. doi:10.1021/bi060380m. A uhor M anscript


. The amplituhedron A n , k ,4 is a geometric object, discovered by Arkani-Hamed and Trnka (2013) in the study of scattering amplitudes in quantum field theories. They conjecture that A n , k ,4 admits a decomposition into tiles, which is based on a certain combinatorial structure. The tiles are images of BCFW positroid cells in the nonnegative Grassmannian Gr ≥ k , n that arise from the Britto–Cachazo–Feng–Witten recurrence (2005). In a recent preprint we prove this conjecture. The full paper is available online at https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.02703 . In this extended abstract we review the ampli-tuhedron and its BCFW tiling, and outline the main ideas from the proof.


Blockchain is a disruptive and innovative technology. How will the blockchain technology disrupt different fields? Blockchain technology has disrupted the existing processes and will improve the efficiency of many operations. With improved efficiency, will blockchain remove all intermediaries in the chains? Further, will all positions of the intermediaries agree to be replaced by blockchain? Many intermediaries have demonstrated their liberal attitudes toward embracing blockchain technology. What are the intended purposes behind the ambition of the intermediaries? The research is still in progress and will adopt a multiple-case study and summarize the research intentions into a cross analysis table. The table will briefly show the role of users and indicate whether intermediaries are necessary in the ecosystems or they transfer into new roles and create new business models after deploying the blockchain technology.


Objective: To observe clinical effects of AnTang No.1 in treating diabetes mellitus type two of dual deficiency pattern of spleen-kidney Qi-Yin at primary stage complicated with metabolism syndrome.Method: Eighty patients were differentiated as dual deficiency pattern of spleen-kidney Qi-Yin and divided into two groups.The control group received diabetes education including regular diet,exercises,quitting smoking and less alcohol,keeping good moods and others.The treatment group took self-made modified AnTang No.1.Changes of blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,insulin,blood lipid,body mass index and TCM syndrome integral of both groups were observed.Result: The indexes of glycometabolism in both groups after three months were all improved and the difference showed statistical meaning(P0.05);Fasting insulin and 2 h insulin of the treatment group were improved and the difference was significant(P0.05).Comparisons in fasting insulin,2 h insulin,total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),body mass indexes(BMI) and blood pressure between both groups showed the difference and it had significant meaning(P 0.05).TCM syndrome integral of both groups were lowered significantly and the differences were significant(P0.01),the improvements of the treatment group were superior to the control group(P0.05).After stopping the herbs for one month,fasting blood glucose(FBG),2 h postprandial blood glucose and blood pressure of the treatment group were lower than that of the control group and the differences were remarkable(P 0.05).Conclusion: AnTang No.1 presents remarkable effects in treating diabetes mellitus type two of dual deficiency pattern of spleen-kidney Qi-Yin at primary stage complicated with metabolism syndrome.


Auto-steer, which can control the course automatically, is one of the most important equipment of ocean vessel. The performance of auto-steer has direct influences on ship navigation's handling, economy and security. The electrical control system of the auto-steer is very complex, so the controllers who lack experience have no idea about how to deal with the fault. The reasons for fault of auto-steer electrical control system's function block are analyzed from the steering gear fault phenomenon.


Building community services that cover the full range of peoples reproductive health needs and choices not just family planning is still a new and complex idea for many developing countries. This places a premium on South-to-South experience exchanges about how to organize and manage such services and on convincing many agencies both in developing and donor countries to support such cooperation. In this paper Balla Musa Silla Executive Director of Partners in Population and Development discusses these needs and suggests responses in the context of the aftermath of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD). She states that developing countries by definition do not have the resources available that developed countries do to experiment with many different ways to provide high-quality integrated health services in the time-frame specified at ICPD. Despite considerable progress made on the ICPD agenda much remains to be done to meet reproductive health needs. To address them requires mobilizing considerable resources strong institutions capable and skilled professionals political will and tackling sensitive social and cultural issues.


Social cognition requires integration of sensory modalities with emotion and experience to plan and engage in appropriate social behavior. Oxytocin is a neuropeptide that shapes the perception of social stimuli by activating the oxytocin receptor (Oxtr). Neurons within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) that express Oxtr(s) (referred to as mPFCOxtr) integrate these complex systems. Oxytocin acts within the brain to influence the perception of the external environment; however, Oxtr(s) are also expressed on vagal sensory afferents, suggesting that oxytocin may also influence interoception or the ability to sense one's internal state. To better understand the role of interoception in social cognition, we examined the structure and function of the neurons within the nodose ganglia that express the Oxtr (referred to as NDGOxtr). To visualize NDGOxtr, we bilaterally injected Cre‐inducible adeno‐associated virus (AAV) synthesizing mCherry or tdTomato into the nodose ganglia (NDG) of mice with Cre‐recombinase directed to the Oxtr gene (Oxtr‐Cre mice). We found that NDGOxtr expressed mRNAs for the mechanically gated ion channels, Piezo 1/2, and sent fibers to the stomach and duodenum that formed intramuscular arrays or intraganglionic laminar endings. These results suggest that NDGOxtr function as mechanoreceptors that detect distention of the gastrointestinal tract. Next, we used in vivo Ca2+ imaging to determine the effect that gastric distention has on mPFCOxtr that mediate social behavior. Oxtr‐Cre mice were delivered Cre‐inducible AAV expressing the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator, GCaMPf, into the mPFC, and subsequently, implanted with a GRIN lens. After habituation to the head mounted miniscope, mice were tested in the social interaction paradigm and Ca2+ events were recorded. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that ≍30% of mPFCOxtr couple firing to social interaction. Next, we evaluated how gastric distention may influence the activity of mPFCOxtr. Mice were given a sham gavage or a gavage of methylcellulose and Ca2+ events from mPFCOxtr were recorded. Differences in Ca2+ events were calculated using a Wilcoxon rank sum test to the classify individual neurons as inhibited, excited, or unchanged by the stimulus. Intriguingly, gavage of methylcellulose robustly inhibited mPFCOxtr relative to the sham‐treated control. To determine whether NDGOxtrmediate this inhibition, Oxtr‐Cre mice outfitted for in vivo Ca2+ imaging were given Cre‐inducible AAV expressing channelrhodopsin2 into the NDG and a fiber optic was implanted into the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). This approach enables optogenetic excitation of axons in the NTS originating from NDGOxtr during simultaneous Ca2+ imaging of mPFCOxtr. Preliminary results indicate that optogenetic excitation of NDGOxtr also inhibit mPFCOxtr. Collectively, our results suggest that mechanosensation of the gastrointestinal tract may have a profound influence over the perception of social stimuli.


According to the principle of digital phase sensitive detection,the phase sensitive detection algorithm is implemented in Labview environment and the algorithm performance is analyzed.The experiment shows that in the condition of full period sampling,when the signal-to-noise ratio is lowered to-20 dB,the amplitude error is less than 0.2% and the phase error is less than 0.7%.For further verification,the waveform generation card and data sampling card of NI(National Instruments) Company were used to simulate the real application in the phase sensitive detection.


The specificities of two anti‐neuraminidase monoclonal antibodies have been compared by their ability to fix complement. They were found to differ to some extent in their reactivity with a range of N2 influenza viruses. Thus, as in the case of anti‐hemagglutinin antibodies, anti‐neuraminidase monoclonal antibodies are able to detect subtle structural changes in the viral antigen. Although both monoclonal antibodies fixed complement with intact virus, neither one fixed complement when complexed with isolated neuraminidase "heads".


The elusive activity of wild cats made it difficult to conduct direct field survey and behavioral studies. With the quick development in technology,camera trapping is becoming an effective non-invasive approach in studying these species. Under the situation of few similar field works domestically,we conducted a camera trapping research on Eurasian lynx( Lynx lynx) to reveal the population trend and field behavior. Camera traps were set along animal trails,feeding stations and around prey remains for getting more photographs in identifying individual lynx at Saihanwula National Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia from 2010 to 2012. The results showed that 154 photos and 185 video segments with lynx were recorded after 90 cameras had been set with the total sampling efforts of 25704camera-days. Five adult lynx were identified according to pelage pattern in 2012,and two and one cub feeding together with their mothers in winter 2011 and 2012,respectively,which may indicate a population recovery trend. The activity pattern of the lynx based on recording time showed a typical nocturnal rhythm with occasional diurnal activity. The field behaviors include feeding,threatening,marking,probing,playing,licking cub and sniffing. No infrared beam avoiding behavior was found during night time,thus camera trapping could be used as an effective complement field technique in monitoring lynx and studying its behavior. However,the camera setting regime should be improved to obtain sufficient data in population estimation and sex recognition.


The Eocene Kayo Formation exposed at the southwestern end of the Shimanto Belt in the Ryukyu Arc records the progressive development of off‐scraping accretion accompanied by increase in lithification and burial as well as synaccretionary thermal imprint. The formation consists almost wholly of coherent trench turbidites supplied by axial currents. Detailed structural analysis has revealed that two successive deformation stages are recognized in the Formation. The early deformation (stage 1) occurred by horizontal shortening related to the initial stage of off‐scraping accretion. In this stage, sands were water‐rich and nearly unlithified, and the competence contrast between sandstone and shale was low. The late deformation (stage 2) is marked by the formation of seaward verging imbricate fold‐and‐thrust system within the accretionary wedge. Compared with stage 1, sands in stage 2 were more dewatered and lithified, and the competence contrast between sandstone and shale increased. In accordance with this deformation history, structures caused by high pore fluid pressure indicate increased cohesion of sands during off‐scraping accretion. Studies of the vitrinite reflectance and the illite crystallinity clearly suggest that the Formation became buried and suffered thermal imprint; pressure solution cleavage developed as an axial planar to the stage 2 folds. Thermal imprint on the Formation is characterized by high paleotemperatures at approximately 250°C–300°C in a region of the prehnite‐pumpellyite facies metamorphism. This thermal event took place during and slightly after the stage 2 probably associated with subduction of a young and hot oceanic plate.