On the premise that there is consistency found in the Trust Came Assumption among administrative staff and assumptions for game theory,we establish a trust game model among administrative staff and set unsupervised condition,supervision with rewards and punishment condition,probability of punishment condition and probability of punishment condition with two measures in the model.Through the analysis of the model,we have worked out an institutional arrangement in trust game among administrative staff,which will contribute a new perspective to the studies on trust relations in administrative organizations.


Results: We identified 3,869 NAFLD subjects (median age, 53; 52% women) and 15,209 controls who were followed until 2016, death or last medical record. Median follow-up was 7(1-20) years. Overall, 580 (15%) of NAFLD subjects and 1,521 (10%) of controls were diagnosed with malignancies during the study timeframe. The incidence rates at an arbitrary age of 65 are shown in the Figure. Whereas the incidence of malignancy was higher across all types of cancer in NAFLD versus controls, the incidence increase associated with NAFLD was the largest in the following types of cancer: 4-fold in liver Ca (26.8 vs 6.6 /100,000 py), 3.5fold in stomach Ca (9.8 vs 2.8/100,000 py), 2.7-fold in pancreas Ca (19.6 vs 7.2 /100,000 py) and 2-fold in lung Ca (34.1 vs 16.9 /100,000 py). Overall, breast, prostate and colon Ca were the three most common cancers among NAFLD patients (147, 124 and 65/100,000 py, respectively).


The UK's National Health Service (NHS) is undergoing great reform. Driven by a demand for higher quality health care provision, information and communication technologies (ICT) are increasingly being used as tools to realize this change. We have investigated the use of remote patient monitoring (RPM), using wireless and broadband networks, in three community care homes between July 2003 and January 2006. The aim of the project was to determine for what conditions and in which setting the RPM was most useful and to establish an organizational and clinical infrastructure to support it. Evaluation of the project demonstrated clinical benefits such as the early detection of cardiac events, allowing prompt intervention and routine monitoring of other conditions. A change in work practices resulted in a more collaborative approach to patient management and led to an increase in communication between health care professionals from different Tanja Bratan Brunel University, UK


Photoelectron images from single ionization of OCS molecules are measured at 800 nm or 400 nm linearly polarized laser pulses (∼50 fs) using velocity-map imaging techniques. The resonant ionization of the molecules has been studied by tracing the electron energy shift in the photoelectron energy spectra at different laser intensities, and the contributions of three excited states at certain laser intensities and wavelengths are identified. During the ionization of OCS molecules, two excited states (1Δ and 1∏) are shifted into resonance at different 800 nm laser intensities, and the Rydberg state 4pσ ∏ is involved in the resonance for a 400 nm laser. The demonstration of resonant excitation contribution experimentally will help further the understanding of OCS ionization in strong laser fields.


Background: Plant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are mainly synthesized on phosphatidylcholine (PC). Results: Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) produced higher amount of PUFA-containing TAG in the presence of acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT). Conclusion: The LPCAT-catalyzed reverse reaction can be coupled to the DGAT reaction for PUFA accumulation. Significance: A mechanism for enhancing the transfer of PUFAs from PC into TAG has been confirmed. Seed oils of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) and many other plant species contain substantial amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is the major site for PUFA synthesis. The exact mechanisms of how these PUFAs are channeled from PC into triacylglycerol (TAG) needs to be further explored. By using in vivo and in vitro approaches, we demonstrated that the PC deacylation reaction catalyzed by the reverse action of acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT) can transfer PUFAs on PC directly into the acyl-CoA pool, making these PUFAs available for the diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT)-catalyzed reaction for TAG production. Two types of yeast mutants were generated for in vivo and in vitro experiments, respectively. Both mutants provide a null background with no endogenous TAG forming capacity and an extremely low LPCAT activity. In vivo experiments showed that co-expressing flax DGAT1-1 and LPCAT1 in the yeast quintuple mutant significantly increased 18-carbon PUFAs in TAG with a concomitant decrease of 18-carbon PUFAs in phospholipid. We further showed that after incubation of sn-2-[14C]acyl-PC, formation of [14C]TAG was only possible with yeast microsomes containing both LPCAT1 and DGAT1-1. Moreover, the specific activity of overall LPCAT1 and DGAT1-1 coupling process exhibited a preference for transferring 14C-labeled linoleoyl or linolenoyl than oleoyl moieties from the sn-2 position of PC to TAG. Together, our data support the hypothesis of biochemical coupling of the LPCAT1-catalyzed reverse reaction with the DGAT1-1-catalyzed reaction for incorporating PUFAs into TAG. This process represents a potential route for enriching TAG in PUFA content during seed development in flax.


A method is suggested for building mathematical models of dynamics of rotors in magnetic bearings of different types (passive and active). It is based on Lagrange-Maxwell differential equations in a form identical to that of Routh equations in mechanics. The expressions for magnetic energy and forces in active magnetic bearings with account for control laws for introducing them into the mathematical models have been found by adapting the analytical method of analysing magnetic circuits. This method is based on building equivalent circuits and using the loop flux method to account for dissipation fluxes and magnetic resistances of AMB magnetic circuit sections and ensure noncriticality of the mathematical model to emergence of "zero" gaps and currents. Besides, the mathematical models account for such nonlinearities as nonlinear dependence of magnetic forces on gaps in passive and active magnetic bearings and on currents in the coils of electromagnets, nonlinearities linked to coil inductance, a geometric link between electromagnets in one AMB and links between all AMB in one rotor, which results, among other factors, in connectedness of processes in orthogonal directions. The method's validity has been confirmed experimentally by a laboratory setup being a prototype of a complete combined magnetic-electromagnetic suspension in small-size rotor machinery. The suggested approach has helped detect in the system and investigate different nonlinear rotor dynamics phenomena such as super- and subharmonic vibrations with determination of resonance modes.


a J o u r n a L o f M e L v i L L e S t u d i e S 147 imbrication of the human and nonhuman in Melville's work—a corrective to a false view of humans in general, and the captain of the Pequod in particular, as autonomous agents. Positioned as a strong-willed dictator by "Cold War" critics, Ahab becomes newly visible as a permeable, fragile, "leaky," figure. My paper sounds a cautionary note for this otherwise generative approach. By positing an opposition between Ahab as dictator and Ahab as a subject marked by weakness and instability, such readings threaten to obscure a lesson we twenty-first-century citizens learn with each news cycle: that fragility and tyranny go hand-in-hand. This is so both because Donald Trump's cruelty is manifestly rooted in his own insecurities and because his campaign made expert use of the white electorate's anxieties about decline, constraint, and debility. The paper thus uses the title of Trump's campaign book—Crippled America—and its uncomfortable resonance with American literature's best-known peg leg as a lens through which to examine the tyranny of weakness. By revisiting the compromised agency and permeability that lie at the core of Melville's most memorable autocrat and the insecurities that define "the people" over whom he reigns, I consider if or how Melville offers tools to address "Trumpism" and, or even as, materialism. Melville, Trump, and the Politics of Aggrievement David Blake The College of New Jersey This paper addresses disability, Islam, and the politics of aggrievement in Moby-Dick, explaining how those themes intersected in the rise of Donald Trump. From Typee to Clarel, Melville created numerous characters with missing limbs, but it is Ahab who understands his loss as a personal, existential affront. In contrast to characters such as Samoa and Don Hannibal, Ahab's desire for revenge depends on a sense of aggrievement that the novel surprisingly connects to the Ottoman Empire. While Islam helps provide a reason for Ahab's disability, the character Fedallah serves as a mysterious proxy for enacting revenge. With customary foresight, Moby-Dick helps illuminate an America that Islamicizes aggrievement to avoid confronting its own capacity for personal and state-sanctioned violence. The Pilgrimage and Pepe: What Clarel Can Tell Us About the Alt-Right Caitlin Smith Oyekole University of Notre Dame The narrative structure of Clarel is characterized by multiple, overlapping timescales that collide almost but not quite in synchrony. These collisions constitute the central problem of the poem: the implications


The mathematical foundation, axiomatic structure and principles of Hertzian Electrodynamics for moving bodies are reviewed. The feature of the present investigation is the introduction of a commutative property of the comoving time derivative operator which provides the Hertzian wave equations for material bodies in rotational motion.


We present the experimental dark-field scattering studies and the simulation of plasmonic properties of isolated silver nanoislands. The nanoislands were fabricated on a soda- lime glass substrate using silver-sodium ion exchange, subsequent thermal poling and annealing of the processed glass substrate in hydrogen. The morphology of the nanoislands was characterized with atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy; the dimensions were 100-180 nm in base and 80-160 nm in height. We measured and modeled dark-field scattering spectra of the silver hemiellipsoidal nanoparticles differing in size and shape. The SPR position varied from 450 nm to 730 nm depending on the particle shape and dimensions. Both experiments and simulation showed a red shift of the SPR for bigger nanoislands of the same shape. Losing the axial symmetry in nanoislands resulted in the resonance splitting, while their elongation led to an increase in the scattering of p-polarized light.


Mixing process Electrical conducti-vity Molecular structure Carbon blackdispersion InfiltrationThe influence of molecular structure ofthe rubber matrix on the carbon black(CB) dispersion in rubber compounds hasbeen characterized using the method ofthe online measured electrical conduc-tivity during the mixing. A correspondingchange of the online conductivity, therubber infiltration into the CB agglom-erates, and the CB dispersion value in allthe systems investigated has been ob-served. A linear chain structure as well asa low molecular weight of the matrixrubber accelerates the infiltration pro-cess and hence the carbon black disper-sion process takes place faster. A lowerchain mobility caused by a modificationof the rubber with functional groupsleads to a deceleration of the CB infil-tration.


This empirical study investigates the role of a challenge adjustment feature in the Information Technology (IT) interface to enhance cognitive absorption and increase intention to use IT. Challenge is integral to hedonic IT such as games and is present when using a new IT. When a user has difficulty in utilizing an IT feature, high challenge is present which might discourage further IT use. The IT artifact studied here utilizes a user assist feature that is context-aware, user-selectable, and offers varied levels of assistance. The focal IT artifact has a mix of hedonic (pleasure-seeking) and utilitarian (goal-oriented) purposes. Initial results show that adjustable challenge can enhance cognitive absorption which can be an important determinant of behavioral intention to use IT. Findings demonstrate that the assist feature allowed the user to regulate challenge to increase the user's cognitive absorption with IT in the presence of both high and low challenge.


Section 1. Theory and Models: 1. A lifespan review of developmental neuroanatomy John Willamson 2a. Developmental models in pediatric neuropsychology Jane Holmes Bernstein 2b. Models of developmental neuropsychology: adult & geriatric Tyler J. Story and Deborah K. Attix 3. Multicultural considerations in lifespan neuropsychological assessment Thomas Farmer and Clemente Vega Section 2. Disorders: 4. Structural and functional neuroimaging throughout the lifespan Brenna C. McDonald and Andrew J. Saykin 5a. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents David Marks, Joey Trampush and Anil Chacko 5b. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults Margaret Semrud-Clikeman and Jodene Goldenring Fine 5c. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a lifespan synthesis Jeffrey M. Halperin, Anne-Claude V. Bedard and Olga G. Berwid 6a. Learning disorders in children and adolescents Gregory M. Stasi and Lori G. Tall 6b. Learning disorders in adults Elizabeth P. Sparrow 6c. Synthesis of chapters on learning disabilities: overview and additional perspectives H. Lee Swanson 7a. Infants and children with spina bifida Heather B. Taylor, Susan H. Landry, Lianne English and Marcia Barnes 7b. Adolescence and emerging adulthood in individuals with spina bifida: a developmental neuropsychological perspective Kathy Zebracki, Michael Zaccariello, Frank Zelko and Grayson N. Holmbeck 7c. Spina bifida/Myelomeningocele and Hydrocephalus across the lifespan: a developmental synthesis Ilana Gonik, Scott J. Hunter and Jamila Cunningham 8. Cerebral palsy across the lifespan Seth Warchausky, Desiree White and Marie van Tubbergen 9a. Intellectual disability across the lifespan Bonnie Klein-Tasman and Kelly Janke 9b. Lifespan aspects of PDD/autism spectrum disorders (ASD) Julie M. Wolf and Sarah J. Paterson 9c. Autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability: common themes and points of divergence Marianne Barton, Colby Chlebowski and Deborah Fein 10a. Hearing loss across the lifespan: neuropsychological perspectives Betsy Kammerer, Amy Szarkowski and Peter Isquith 10b. Visual impairment across the lifespan: neuropsychological perspectives Lisa M. Noll and Lana L. Harder 11a. Traumatic brain injury in childhood Michael W. Kirkwood, Keith Owen Yeates and Jane Holmes Bernstein 11b. Adult outcomes of pediatric traumatic brain injury Miriam Beauchamp, Julian Dooley and Vicki Anderson 11c. Neurobehavioral aspects of traumatic brain injury sustained in adulthood Tresa Roebuck-Spencer, James Banos, Mark Sherer and Thomas Novack 11d. Traumatic brain injury in older adults Felicia C. Goldstein and Harvey S. Levin 11e. Traumatic brain injury across the lifespan: A long-term developmental perspective Jacobus Donders 12a. Pediatric aspects of epilepsy Lindsey Felix and Scott J. Hunter 12b. A lifespan perspective of cognition in epilepsy Michael Seidenberg and Bruce Hermann 13a. Leukemia and lymphoma across the lifespan Kevin R. Krull and Neelam Jain 13b. Lifespan aspects of brain tumors Celiane Rey-Casserly 14. Lifespan aspects of endocrine disorders Geoffrey Tremont, Jennifer Duncan Davis, and Christine Trask 15. Metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders across the lifespan Richard Ziegler and Elsa Shapiro 16a. Psychopathological conditions in children and adolescents Abigail B. Sivan 16b. Psychopathological conditions in adults Anthony C. Ruocco, Elizabeth Kunchandy and Maureen Lacy 16c. Neuropsychological aspects of psychopathology across the lifespan: a synthesis Alexandra Zagoloff and Scott Hunter.


CENTRIA UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES Kokkola Pietarsaari Unit Date February 2016 Authors Jagdip Khand Uma Devi Maharjan Degree Program in Tourism Name of thesis UNDERSTANDING THE NATURE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN TOURISM A Case study of Pokhara, Nepal Instructor Katarina Broman Pages [57+6] Supervisor Katarina Broman This thesis was written by two members. The theoretical framework of this thesis, chapters 1,2,3 and 4 were done by author Mr. Jagdip Khand and the rest of the chapters 5,6 and 7 were done by Ms. Uma Devi Maharjan and as per the research part, the authors equally devoted their time and put their best effort to make the best result. On the other hand, development in the tourism sector has made impacts on existence. Basically, it has huge impacts on environment, socio-cultural and economic aspects. The impacts could be both positive and negative. This report also gave somewhat brief explanation of the tourism impacts and the different aspects of Pokhara. The main aim of this report was to understand the nature of the impacts of tourism and outline the major impacts on Pokhara. Furthermore, this thesis unfolded historical and future prospects of Pokhara's tourism industry. Along with that, this report comprised the trends and factors affecting the travel and tourism industry, which included the financial stability, natural disasters, epidemics and pandemics. The quantitative research methodology was undertaken where questionnaires were distributed and valid information was gathered. As per the sources eBooks were used and different data and information were observed from the blogs as well. The result showed that the Pokhara tourism industry is booming and economic, socio-cultural and environmental aspects of Pokhara are drastically changing day by day so control mechanisms ought to be undertaken in order to reach sustainable development of the tourism industry of Pokhara.


We describe a new secondary ion mass spectrometry technique for compositional analysis of matrix elements. It consists of detecting the molecular ions CsM+ rather than M± ions (M is the matrix element to be analyzed) under Cs+ primary ion bombardment. The linear behavior of the CsM+ ion yield makes the analysis independent of the matrix effect. An application to in‐depth quantitative compositional analysis for AlGaAs/GaAs multilayer structures is given. The compositions were determined with an absolute accuracy better than 2% and the depth resolution was smaller than 100 A.


The object of this study is to investigate the effects of organizational justice and perceived organizational support on job satisfaction, and also the mediating role of perceived organizational support. The survey was conducted through a total of 300 questionnaires from January 8 to February 8, 2015. Finally, 295 questionnaires were collected and used as the data and analyzed by SPSS 21.0. The results of this study are as follows. First, organizational justice was conceptualized as four distinct dimensions: procedural justice, distributive justice, interpersonal justice, and informational justice. Second, results revealed that procedural justice, informational justice, and interpersonal justice positively affected job satisfaction and all organizational justice variables affect perceived organizational support. Third, perceived organizational support significantly affected job satisfaction. Fourth, perceived organizational support acted as a mediator variable between organizational justice and job satisfaction. As airline organizations try to find methods to raise the perceptions of organizational justice, they should make efforts to strengthen ties between supervisors and subordinates. In order to improve perceived organizational support, companies should make efforts to reinforce support such as compliments, assistance, and material aid. If cabin crew members feel organizational justice and organizational support from companies, job satisfaction and customer satisfaction will improve.


Abstract Results of the acid catalyzed oligomerization of 2‐alkenyl‐5(4H)‐oxazolones are reported. Employing LC–MS and preparative LC methods, the oligomeric mixtures were characterized by NMR analyses and were discovered to consist of exclusively cyclic trimers to decamers, with tetramers and pentamers predominating. A nucleophilic oligomerization mechanism involving Michael addition and C‐alkylation of a ketene‐aminal to protonated monomer was proposed that resulted in irreversible cyclization at the trimer propagation stage. Subsequent oligomerization proceeded via enolization of α‐hydrogens on 2‐substituted 5(4H)‐oxazolone products and continued Michael addition to protonated monomer. In the sense that when both enolizable hydrogens and protonated monomer are present, the oligomerization can be regarded as being "living."


Current midwifery practice is regulated by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC), whose primary role is to safeguard the public through setting standards for education and practice and regulating fitness to practise, conduct and performance through rules and codes (NMC, 2012; 2015a). Practice is informed by evidence-based guidelines developed and implemented by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence based on hierarchies of evidence, with meta-analyses and systematic reviews being identified as the 'gold standard'. This positivist epistemological approach as developed by Auguste Comte (1798–1857), with scientific evidence at the top of a knowledge hierarchy, fails to acknowledge the 'art of midwifery', where a constructivist paradigm of experiential, intuitive and tacit knowledge is used by reflective practitioners to provide high-quality care. As midwifery pre-registration education is now degree-level, is the essence of midwifery practice being 'with woman' providing holistic care under ...


The method described here accurately determines the two-dimensional surface charge pattern of a weak mode existing in the vicinity of a strong mode in quartz crystal plate using an equivalent model that suitably approximates the surface charge frequency characteristics in the target modes measured at each measurement coordinate. The surface charge frequency characteristics are measured by an automated measurement system based on the electrical probe method. The temperature characteristics of the measured surface charge pattern of a weak mode near the fundamental thickness-shear mode in a rectangular AT-cut plate demonstrated that even for a weak mode, the present procedure provides patterns clearer than those obtained with a previous technique.


The volatility clustering of stock prices is one of the most obvious characteristics of the stock market. The variance of the rate of return on financial assets can be well predicted by ARCH Models. According to statistical analysis on Shanghai stock index, the distribution of the rate of return is non-positive skewed, and there exists an autoregressive heteroskedasticity in the rate of return. This paper simulates the volatility of Shanghai stock index by ARCH Models and the result shows that GARCH (1, 1) model is effective in the simulation of the volatility of Shanghai stock index.


This article from the view of the images analyzes the great tension in The old man and the sea,and as a re- sult shows the reasons for its immortality.


This article presents a dielectric waveguide, operating at 18 GHz that can sustain 40 kV DC voltages and can be used to feed microwave ion sources. The metallic‐to‐woodpile waveguide transition optimization gives a very low maximum insertion loss of 0.3 dB over a 3.75% bandwidth.


In the article is given some acceptable metodology for projectingand designing of complex mechanical systems as like asvehicle, construction and other, ... with consideration of themaintenance and vehicle maintenability. The analysis is orderedon the problem of bilding the structure of product andtheir functional or designing decomose. At the same time it wasdiscused about level of the structure regarding to requirementsto easy maintenance. The modularity structure of a vehicle isthe condition of modern and effectivenes approach to maintenancewith complitly infOimation support.


The paper studies a bundle of oriented carbon nanotubes (CNTs) under the transverse loading under the plane deformation conditions within the framework of a molecular dynamics model with a reduced number of degrees of freedom. The model takes into account CNT wall stretching and bending, as well as van der Waals interactions. Each CNT is represented by a ring of atoms with two degrees of freedom in the plane of the ring. The discrete nature of the model allows describing the large curvature of the CNT wall and the destruction of CNTs at very high pressure. CNT crystal equilibrium structures are obtained under the strain-controlled biaxial loading. Separate CNTs of a sufficiently large diameter have two equilibrium states: with a round and collapsed cross section. Small-diameter CNTs in the free state can only have a circular cross section. The study identified the presence of two phase transitions observed during biaxial compression of a CNT bundle. The first transformation similar to phase transition of the second order leads to ellipticization of CNT cross sections. As a result of the second transition of the first order, bundled CNTs appear in the beam, the proportion of which gradually increases with the increase in compressive strain. The authors calculated beam elasticity constants such as Young's moduli, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratios. The study shows that one of the equilibrium structures (with elliptical CNT cross sections) has the property of a partial auxetic, that is, it has a negative Poisson's ratio under uniaxial loading in a certain direction. The proposed chain model can be effectively applied to analyze physical and mechanical properties of bundles of single-walled or multi-walled CNTs under the plane deformation conditions, and after simple modifications, it can be used to similar structures made of other two-dimensional nanomaterials.


This article introduces Mild Cognition Impairment(MCI) to the people from aspects such as concept, epidemiologist characteristics, and dangerous factors. The purpose is to make more people better know MCI and adopt precautionary measure to reduce or delay the happening of AD.


Graphene, a monolayer form of carbon with two dimensional honeycomb lattices (sp2 hybridization) has shown excellent mechanical, electrical, thermal and optical properties. It is a promising component for many applications in the fields of electronics, composites, sensors as well as energy storage and conversion. As a derivative of graphene, graphene oxide has also become an attractive material and been investigated widely in many areas since the ease of synthesizing graphene oxide and its solution processability. Among many other factors, pH of the medium, size of the graphene oxide sheets, etc. are some of the important parameters which makes the graphene dispersible in the medium, detailed study of which is absent in literature. The present work focuses on studying the effect of the pH on the stabilization and dispersability of GO in a polar solvent i.e. water. In this paper, we prepared graphene oxide by the modified Hummers method. The hydrophilicity of graphene oxide with different pH values was characterized with adsorbance in UV-Visible range. Chemically converted graphene was prepared by partial reduction of GO. Few Layer Graphene/zirconia nanocomposites were fabricated by wet chemical method. Such a composite is desired where a percolating network of graphene in the ZrO2 matrix can increase the electrical conductivity of the composite, while retaining the functional property of the ceramic phase (ZrO2 in this case). An interesting result was observed. The crystallization of zirconia was delayed, to about 900 oC, which is 200-300 oC higher than the same prepared from comparable chemical methods in absence of graphene or graphene oxide. Various characterization techniques including SEM, FTIR-spectroscopy, XRD, UV-Vis spectroscopy were used to study the quality of graphene oxide, CCG and FLG – zirconia composites.


The interest in dependency grammar has clearly been on the rise in the last 10– 15 years. The parsing community has seen a number of benefits in the use of and parsing with dependency-based representations of syntactic phenomena. On the one hand, dependency trees are much simpler than phrase-structure trees – they contain exactly the same number of nodes as there are tokens in the sentence. The words in the sentence are linked by binary, asymmetric relations, the so called dependencies. In addition, every link is often labelled with the syntactic or semantic relation which holds between the two words. A tree labelled with such relations encodes the predicate-argument structure of a clause in a much straightforward way than phrase-structure trees. Finally, a number of parsing algorithms have been proposed whose running time is linear with respect to the number of tokens in a sentence. The availability of syntactically annotated corpora has facilitated the use of supervised machine learning methods in the field of parsing. Data-driven parsers, which rely on corpora for the training stage can be acquired for any language for which such an annotated corpus exists. In addition, they are robust and efficient for the given task. Therefore in the present work we have used data-driven parsing with syntactic dependency representations for Bulgarian. This thesis deals with three topics, with each part building on the findings of the previous one. First, we have chosen to adopt the framework of dependency grammar and apply it to syntactic phenomena in Bulgarian. We have identified dependency structures and relations which cover a number of phenomena in the language. However, the central issue is the proper encoding of the predicateargument structure within the chosen framework. No other studies of Bulgarian have dealt with this issue from a dependency grammar point of view. Secondly, once the crucial structures and relations have been identified, we have used those priciniples in the conversion of a constituency-based treebank of Bulgarian. Again we argue for the need of the proper transfer of the predicateargument structure from a constituent tree into the dependency graph. This need reflects the nature of the underlying structures in the original treebank, where complex verb-phrases have a flat annotation. In addition, the principles we adopt lead to increase of non-projective structures compared to previous conversions of the treebank. Finally, the performance of two data-driven parsers have been tested on the acquired treebank. The aim is not only to achieve state-of-the-art results for parsing Bulgarian, but what is more important – to test the performance with respect to a higher number of non-projective structures and a verb argument structure which is more complex than previously created.


Review(s) of: Global Television and the Politics of the Seoul Olympics, by Larson, James F and Park, Heung-Soo, Westview Press, Boulder, Colorados 1993, ISBN 0 8133 1694 4, xxi + 281pp, $54.95 bb, $15.95 pb.


The concepts of Wen (elegant literary creation) and Zhi (identical linguistic reproduction) originated from classical Chinese literary theories as China's first translation theories throughout the Buddhist scripture translation. It involves various translation strategies and methods in vocabulary, styles, structures and contents. Rediscovery the development of the concepts of Wen and Zhi will contribute to achieve the integration of literal and liberal translation, establish Chinese translation studies based on its own traditional translation theories.


The security of chemical and petroleum facilities has been an important topic since the chemical industry has been in existence. Security measures are necessary to prevent theft of valuable equipment, products, and intellectual property; prevent theft or diversion of materials for nefarious purposes; to prevent contamination or spoilage of product; and prevent catastrophic fires, explosions and toxic releases whether committed intentionally or as an accident or in the pursuit of another aim. There is no standard set of security measures to protect a facility. Instead it is necessary to follow a multistep Security Vulnerability Analysis (SVA). This article details these steps which include the following considerations: motivation of the attacker (terrorist or nonterrorist); attacker goals and strategies; attacker tactics; exploitable consequences, security vulnerability and countermeasures; and review and continual improvement. Once the possible threats have been analyzed, security countermeasures are implemented in a four-tier approach; deterrence; detection; delay; and response. Long-term security management is discussed.

Keywords:

chemical facilities;
security;
attacker strategies;
attacker tactics;
motivation;
security vulnerability analysis (SVA);
portfolio screening method;
countermeasures;
potential consequences


As a kind of ad hoc networks, aeronautical ad hoc networks (AANET) has its own characteristic, which is that nodes in the networks often move along multiple specified lines. Considering this characteristic, we deal with parallel airlines in different height levels of the airspace and work out the clustering coefficient of the AANET, which is one of the key metrics of a complex networks. For two parallel airlines scenario, we give an accurate calculation of its clustering coefficient. For multiple airlines scenario, though accurate calculation can be done by extending the method for two parallel airlines, it needs too much computation. Thus, we give an approximate calculation for the scenario, which is much simpler and the deviation becomes very small when the number of airlines becomes large as shown in numeric results.


Recent experiments suggest that the proton may have an interesting and complex spin substructure. We briefly review the current state of our knowledge of this subject and discuss future experiments which will help clarify the present picture.


This article is based on the Nephrology chapter in Medical Mistakes Key Medical Issues in Clinical Negligence Cases published by Claerhout Publishing in 2007. It provides an overview of renal medicine, how renal problems are detected, common diseases of the kidneys and treatment.


The effect of structural relaxation and interfacial oxidation is demonstrated from first principles to have a crucial impact on interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) in crystalline Fe|MgO|Fe magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). It is shown that the IEC becomes antiferromagnetic for the relaxed structure in contrast to ferromagnetic for unrelaxed Fe|MgO|Fe MTJs. Furthermore, the antiferromagnetic IEC is strongly enhanced in the presence of oxygen vacancies while it is decreased by overoxidation and may even become ferromagnetic for sufficiently high oxygen concentration at the Fe∣MgO interface. These results were supported using a tight-binding model and provide an explanation for recent experimental studies.


REVERSE MORTGAGE. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS AND A COMPARISON WITH OTHER PENSION SAVING ALTERNATIVES The main contribution of this paper is the analysis of the basis to obtain the financial and fiscal return, both theoretical and applied, for the three most important types of reverse mortgages. To this aim, the reverse mortgage is considered as part of a long-term actuarial product of pension saving, which is wider and more complex. We will assume that this


Objective:To find out the results of PPD experiment on college students for carrying out preventive measures to tuberculosis.Methods:688 college students were undergone PPD experiment for epidemiological findings and statistical analysis.Results: Positive ratio in college students investigated was 30.81% and strong positive ratio accounted for 6.10%.The positive ratio in male students(30.63%) was lower than that in females(42.39%)(χ~2=10.175,P=0.001).The findings also suggested that the positive ratio in college students from urban areas(41.75%) was higher than that in students from rural areas(33.25%)(χ~2=5.240,P=0.022)and tended to increase with age(χ~2 =(19.891),P=0.000).Conclusion: College students must be the key part of tuberculosis control and PPD (experiment) is an additional diagnosis for tuberculosis,for different measures taken according to PPD(experiment) results can effectively control the spread of tuberculosis in(colleges).


The paper analyzes the hierachy of developing modern logistics in port cluster of PRD(Pearl River Delta) based on the development of its port cluster,discusses the development modes and proposes how to develop the modern logistics.


The invention relates to an ignition unit (10), in particular for a gas generator with an electrical igniter (11) having a first inner cap (12) having a second outer cap (13) has a space (14) for filling with a forms amplifiers fuel landing. According to the invention the second cap (13) is designed as an electrically non-conductive insulating cap.


: In ordier for peeple to be able basic importance. In the present study, work-ing out a program for providing on food intake in a total 1,407 analysis the results


Researches show that hydraulic shock provokes premature destruction of hydraulic drive high-pressure hoses and unauthorized emission of working fluid into the atmosphere, resulting in environmental pollution. There are ways to protect the machines hydraulic transmission based on the principle of automatic disconnection from the working fluid supply at the hoses damage. However, well known protecting methods do not solve the mentioned problem completely as the hydrodynamic alternating loads caused by hydraulic impact at operation activating when the closing device of the hydraulic drive protecting system do not only destroy the hoses, but also lead to oscillatory process of the locking device shutter, decrease in speed of locking device operation, increase in closing time of the damaged hydraulic line and consequentially increase in a working liquid losses at a high pressure hoses destruction. To eliminate the above-mentioned deficiencies, theoretical and experimental research of the devices parametric characteristics was carried out and a new technical solution was developed which provides increase of closing device functional use while the cotemporaneous design simplifying.


This study examines various aspects of an effective teaching evaluation system. In particular, reference is made to the potential of Fink's (2008) four main dimensions of teaching as a summative evaluation model for effective teaching and learning. It is argued that these dimensions can be readily accommodated in a Teaching Portfolio process. The Teaching Portfolio initiative that is in use for the Postgraduate Certificate Programme in Teaching and Learning in Higher Education at the National University of Ireland Galway is a case in point. The challenges encountered when attempting to develop mechanisms for the summative evaluation of quality teaching are explored, as well as some of the possibilities for their resolution.


Field experiments were conducted during 1982 to 1988 in Virginia to evaluate BAS 517, CGA 82725, clethodim, cloproxydim, fenoxaprop, fluazifop, fluazifop-P, haloxyfop, paraquat, quizalofop, SC-1084, sethoxydim, sethoxydim plus thifensulfuron, and terbacil for control of annual grasses in alfalfa. Herbicides were applied to alfalfa and grasses 2 to 30 cm in height after the first and/or second cuttings. Overall, the herbicides were highly effective in controlling fall panicum, giant foxtail, barnyardgrass, and large crabgrass. Alfalfa yields were not increased with herbicide treatments in several experiments. Only paraquat, applied later than recommended after cutting in one experiment, and sethoxydim plus thifensulfuron at one location reduced alfalfa yields.


An analysis of 57 clinical observations has shown that purulent mediastinitis is one of the particular complications of traumas of the esophagus, peripharyngeal phlegmons, phlegmon of the oral cavity floor. The method of choice for the treatment of purulent mediastinitis is active surgical tactics--optimal drainage of the mediastinum with running irrigation.


Narratives about female sexual pleasure frequently make recourse to teleological views of historical development that posit the present as relatively more enlightened than past repressive attitudes. The teleology usually takes the form of recognizing early modern accounts of the clitoris but denying the vast array of nineteenth-century sources that had significantly more holistic views about female pleasure than is often imagined. Any scholar who has studied many nineteenth-century texts about sexuality across French, British, US, German, and Italian cultures cannot help notice that female sexual pleasure in fact was heavily represented in medical thought throughout this time. This article suggests an alternative account of how the clitoris became maligned in the twentieth century. Several factors were involved, some of them occurring over a long historical process and some particular to interwar gender culture. Anatomical ideas about female genitalia were divided from the very beginning of their history, in what might be characterized as the Galenic versus Hippocratic models. Divergent views about the importance of the clitoris have been a constant feature of the long history of medical attempts to account for women's sexual pleasure. This article discusses how the clitoral-vaginal dichotomy was generated in Europe and the United States only in the early twentieth century and how it was contested in the period between 1950 and 1973. The final section considers what is now understood scientifically about female genitalia and how these new understandings might inform feminist thinking about women's pleasure in ways that do not rely on historical myths about Victorian repression.


Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction have been used to study samples of fly ashes formed after combustion of coal from the Ekibastuz basin at the thermal power plants TPP-2 and TPP-3 in Almaty (Kazakhstan). It has been established that the fractions of fly ashes contain iron in the form of magnetite Fe3O4 and hematite α-Fe2O3. The mixed valence of iron Fe3+ ↔ Fe2+ in the octahedral sublattice of magnetite is destroyed by isostructural substitution impurities. Maghemite γ-Fe2O3 is additionally present in the fly ash of TPP-3 as a product of magnetite slow oxidation. It was shown that at T ≥ 1400 °C the proportion of magnetite in fly ashes increases due to decomposition of hematite, maghemite, hercynite and the drop of iron content in mullite. It was concluded that the amount of iron in magnetite is a temperature indicator of fly ashes formation. The parameters of hyperfine interactions have been determined in the iron-containing minerals of fly ashes. It was identified that formation of the fly ashes structure occurs in oxidizing atmosphere, since no traces were revealed of reducing environment effect on the phase composition.


Controlling the properties of organic/inorganic materials requires detailed knowledge of their molecular adsorption geometries. This is often unattainable, even with current state‐of‐the‐art tools. Visualizing the structure of complex non‐planar adsorbates with atomic force microscopy (AFM) is challenging, and identifying it computationally is intractable with conventional structure search. In this fresh approach, cross‐disciplinary tools are integrated for a robust and automated identification of 3D adsorbate configurations. Bayesian optimization is employed with first‐principles simulations for accurate and unbiased structure inference of multiple adsorbates. The corresponding AFM simulations then allow fingerprinting adsorbate structures that appear in AFM experimental images. In the instance of bulky (1S)‐camphor adsorbed on the Cu(111) surface, three matching AFM image contrasts are found, which allow correlating experimental image features to distinct cases of molecular adsorption.


The present problem is concerned with the study of deformation of a ro- tating generalized thermoelastic medium under the influence of gravity. The com- ponents of displacement, force stress and temperature distribution are obtained in Laplace and Fourier domain by applying integral transforms. These compo- nents are then obtained in the physical domain by applying a numerical inversion method. Some particular cases are also discussed in context of the problem. The results are also presented graphically to show the effect of rotation and gravity in the medium. AMS subject classifications: 74F05


Objective. The purpose of the study is to identify the main causes of the growing shortage of personnel resources of territorial divisions of internal affairs bodies (ATS) and appropriate methods of their elimination.Method. When searching for the causes of the personnel shortage of the ATS, the procedures of system analysis were used, on the basis of which the central problem of the staffing of the ATS was identified, a number of tasks and goals were formulated, for the solution of which additional material resources are not required. Mathematical methods of system dynamics were used to solve most problems.Result. In the work, based on the analysis of the operational situation, regulatory and methodological support of the management activities of the internal affairs bodies, it is concluded that there is a systemic problem: the dynamism of the management system of the internal affairs bodies is disrupted, as a result of which the effectiveness of the management process decreases, leading to an increasing trend of a shortage of ATS units. To solve the identified problems, the authors propose the following technologies: calculation of the profitability of the work of territorial divisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, which allows to assess the necessary and sufficient level of efficiency of the use of all types of resources in the performance of official tasks; development of a methodology for calculating the personnel needs of territorial divisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, taking into account the complexity of their activities, workload and regional characteristics; introduction of a new approach to assessing the activities of divisions The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, based on the separation of the reporting system and the evaluation system, improving personnel policy in terms of making the service in the Department of Internal Affairs more attractive, taking into account the new values of modern society. For each presented task, its own tools and solution technology have been developed.Conclusion. The solution of the identified tasks will ensure the uniformity and "feasibility" of the workload of its employees, the transparency of the assessment of their activities, which will increase the motivation for conscientious work. Coupled with the improvement of personnel policy to make the service in the internal affairs bodies properly attractive, the expected synergetic effect will reduce the severity of the problem of personnel shortage.


We completely determine when a ring consists entirely of weak idempotents, units and nilpotents. We prove that such ring is exactly isomorphic to one of the following: a Boolean ring; Z3 ⊕ Z3; Z3 ⊕ B where B is a Boolean ring; local ring with nil Jacobson radical; M2(Z2) or M2(Z3); or the ring of a Morita context with zero pairings where the underlying rings are Z2 or Z3.


Voice-based web e-Education is a technology-supported learning paradigm that allows phone-access of learners to e-Learning web-based applications. These applications are designed mainly for the visually impaired. They are however lacking in attributes of adaptive and reusable learning objects, which are emerging requirements for applications in these domain. This paper presents a framework for developing intelligent voice-based applications in the context of e-Education. The framework presented supports intelligent components such as adaptation and recommendation services. A prototype Intelligent Voice-based E-Education System (iVEES) was developed and subjected to test by visually impaired users. A usability study was carried out using the International Standard Organization's (ISO) 9241-11 specification to determine the level of effectiveness, efficiency and user satisfaction. Report of our findings shows that the application is of immense benefit, based on the system's inherent capacity for taking autonomous decision that are capable of adapting to users' requests.


Of the revisions made in the third and final edition of the Orlando Furioso (1532), the episode of Ruggiero and Leone is Ariosto's lengthiest addition (XLIV, 12-XLVI, 78). Its apparent purpose is to prepare the reader for the final scene of the wedding of Ruggiero and Bradamante, and by delaying the end of the poem, it should heighten the sense of resolution at the very end. Yet many critics have criticized the episode as monotonous and obtrusive, and have felt that the poet's powers were waning.' I believe that the Ruggiero-Leone episode serves three important functions in concluding Ariosto's poem. First, it recalls and recapitulates the initial encounter of Rugiero and Bradamante in Boiardo's Orlando Innamorato (III, iv-v), thereby reinforcing the sense that Ariosto is completing Boiardo's poem. Second, the episode supplies a demonstration of cortesia in the figure of Ruggiero which qualifies him for the hand of Bradamante. Third, the conflict of Trojan descendants and Byzantine Greeks, represented by Ruggiero and Leone, connects Ariosto's poem with classical epic at an ethical, Homeric level and at a historical, Virgilian level. I. In Boiardo's poem, Rugiero and Bradamante meet in the third book (III, iv-v), and the incompleteness of the Innamorato, which breaks off soon thereafter, is more abrupt because it fails to narrate their marriage and the establishment of the Este line. In his first edition of the Furioso, Ariosto drew upon this episode for his description of the wedding canopy (XLVI, 81-97), which recapitulates the Trojan lineage that Boiardo's Rugiero unfolds to Bradamante in the Innamorato encounter (II, v, 18-31). In his third edition, Ariosto's Ruggiero-Leone episode recalls further features of the encounter in Boiardo. In Boiardo, Rugiero is initially impressed by the prowess of an unknown knight (Bradamante) whom he observes from a hilltop (OI, III, iv, 51-52). In Ariosto, the Greek prince Leone is similarly


Most people are psychologically effected by an extreme trauma and for a significant minority the debility is long term, often expressed as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A cognitive-contextual approach is described in which the prime focus is upon teaching the client how to interact adaptively with the memory of the trauma by: a) facilitating a switch from a primarily perceptual to a more conceptual level of processing the trauma itself; and b) placing the trauma in the context of past life experiences and determining its relevance for the future. The approach is illustrated by the treatment of a PTSD diagnosed motor vehicle accident victim.


Preface.-1. The Four-Color Problem.-2. The Mathematics of Finance.-3. Ramsey Theory.-4. Dynamical Systems.-5. The Plateau Problem.-6. Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometries.-7. Special Relativity-8. Wavelets in Our World.-9. RSA Encryption.-10. The P/NP Problem.-11. Primality Testing.-12. The Foundations of Mathematics.-13. Fermat's Last Theorem.


A major area of interest in a muffler design is in its acoustic and ow performance. Other parameters in design are weight, availability of space and reliability of operation. Transmission Loss (TL) and Insertion Loss (IL) of a muffler are good indicators of acoustical performance. These values are computed by using methods such as one-dimensional transfer matrix, two-dimensional mode matching method, Green's function method, Finite-Element Method (FEM) and Boundary Element Method (BEM). Pressure drops across muffler influence its functioning. It is known that acoustic and ow performance parameters are contradicting. An efficient muffler design should have a minimum pressure drop and as high transmission loss as possible. Extended Inlet and Extended Outlet (EIEO)muffler has a wider frequency band acoustical performance as compared to a Simple Expansion Chamber (SEC). A methodology is developed for EIEO muffler to optimize both acoustic and ow parameters using one-dimensional study. This study works well for low to medium operating frequencies. As the chamber parameters change, one-dimensional analysis is not alone sufficient. The high-frequency waves, due to their short wave-length, tend to travel in all the three directions. The plane-wave assumption does not hold for short chamber mufflers. To get more accurate results, a three-dimensional methodology is more suitable. An EIEO muffler can be considered as a combination of circular and annular cavities. Literature to estimate the transmission loss of circular cavity, analytically using Green's function has already been developed. Thus, an analytical approach for the transmission loss characteristics of an annular cavity with arbitrary locations of inlet and outlet ports has been established in this thesis. The analytically obtained results for various configurations are validated numerically using FEM software. The analytical results were found to be in good agreement with those obtained using finite element method.


This paper focuses on inter-district variation in agriculture among the 13 undivided districts of Orissa. This paper is divided into three major studies: The first study relates to disparities in various indicators of economic development such as Per Capita Income (PCI), net irrigated area as percentage of net area sown, productivity per hectare, cropping intensity, distribution of fertilizer per thousand hectares of gross cropped area. The second observation relates to variation of district income such as Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP), Net District Domestic Product (NDDP), and PCI, etc. The third observation relates to variation in equal distribution of land holdings. It explains the importance of land reforms for the benefit of marginal and small farmers.


We thank Dr. Sethi for his interesting comment on our study.1 The exact nature of stimulus-induced rhythmic, periodic, or ictal discharges (SIRPIDs) has been indeed unclear since their first description,2 and a retrospective multicenter study did not find any independent association between SIRPIDs and mortality.3 As hypothesized by Dr Sethi, it is possible that they may reflect a sort of brain reactivity; our finding that SIRPDs appearing after targeted temperature management (TTM) are linked to a possible good outcome goes in the same direction.1 However, in a previous study, we found that SIRPDs during TTM—thus occurring earlier after cardiac arrest—are rather related to poor prognosis.4 These observations likely reflect a complex interplay between SIRPIDs and prognostic implications that certainly deserve more attention in future works. Finally, we agree that current evidence does not suggest that SIRPIDs need to be treated aggressively in these patients.


The Oklahoma Mesonet (Brock et al. 1995) is a network comprised of over 110 automated weather stations. During the past 11 years, Mesonet personnel have learned the crucial importance of obtaining accurate weather station, instrument, and data quality metadata and have adopted several principles for maintaining and recording those data. These guidelines are essential to the end-to-end quality assurance (QA) system at the Oklahoma Mesonet. The principles described here involve metadata for: 1) station names, 2) contact information for the land owner, 3) station geographical information, 4) station photographs, 5) sensors, 6) sensor calibrations and coefficients, 7) site visitation reports, 8) field inter-comparisons, 9) station trouble tickets, and 10) quality control information.


It plays an important role of graduate school of management in graduate education.It is the guarantee of improving graduate quality.How do graduate work is an important part of the reform of graduate education.


The paper gives the results of the experimental studies made to establish the regularities of the rheology of loess subsidence and swelling clayey soils. It shows that despite the substantial variation in the nature of deformability of these soils, when moistened, the time-related variation in their stressed-strained state obeys Boltzmann-Volterr's theory of linear hereditary creep. The paper suggests an equation of the deflection of the beam-type foundation resting on subsidence and swelling soils, written with due regard for the rheological peculiarities of their deformability. A simple procedure proposed for the experimental studies of long-term compression and softening of swelling soils makes it possible to establish the regularities of their creep. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 287689. (TRRL)


Orobanche L. is a genus of holophrastic flowering plant that has lost its autotrophic properties in favor of a parasitic lifestyle. It belongs to the family Orobanchaceae which comprises 170–200 species of parasitic herbaceous plants mostly native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The objectives of this study were analysis of the secondary metabolite products and evaluation of antibacterial activity. The FTIR analysis of Orbanche nana proved the presence of Alkenes, alkyl halides, Amide, and Alkane which shows major peaks at 819.75, 1018.41, 1238.30, 1317.38, 1379.10, 1614.42, 2850.79 and 2920.23. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by determining the zone of inhibition. Maximum zone formation was against Klebsiella pneumonia (5.12±0.23).


The results of numerical simulation of wave formation under an oblique impact of metal plates during explosion welding are presented. The numerical simulation was carried out on the basis of the elastoplastic approximation. It is shown that the elastoplastic behavior of metals may be a possible source of instabilities. Further evolution of the process of wave formation and the formation of a periodic wave structure of the interface are already determined by the hydrodynamic behavior of materials. The temperature at the contact boundary of plates obtained in the calculation exceeds the melting point. The calculated wavelengths coincide with the experimental data.


The microstructure and pyroelectric properties of AlxGa1-xN composite epitaxial layers grown on SiC/Si(111) and SiC/Si(110) hybrid substrates by the chloride-hydride epitaxy have been studied. The phenomenon of spontaneous formation of a system of heterojunctions consisting of periodic AlxGa1-xN layers of different composition located perpendicular to the direction of growth, was discovered during the growth of layers. Measurements of the pyroelectric coefficients of these heterostructures have shown that regardless of the orientation of the initial Si substrate and their pyroelectric coefficients have close values of the order of γ ~ (0.7-1)•10-10 С/cm2K. It is shown that to increase the magnitude of the pyroresponse it is necessary to deposit an AlN layer with a thickness exceeding 1 μm on the AlxGa1-xN/SiC/Si surface. This leads to record values of the pyroelectric coefficient γ ~ 18•10-10 С/cm2K for AlN crystals and films


The study discuss about the creation of Solo's batik logo and contemporary batik design which are based on the problem of the absence of the markers that differentiate between original Solo batik with other regions, and also the lack of batik, which introduced Solo into batik, whereas batik is an exclusive craft and comes from Solo and has been recognized by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) as a cultural heritage of Indonesia. Batik has been fully supported by the government as one of the creative industries which is very developed. Linear strategy and kualitatif methods are used for the design, contain of product plan until the form the final product design or finish. The results showed that the logo can be accepted and considered as a new idea, which later will be tried to be socialized applied. The contemporary motif which made was designed to provide direct information to the public about the cultural peculiarities of the natural or local wisdom Solo raised through an icon that has been combined with classical motifs Solo


This article offers a critical ethnographic analysis of the organization Mines Without Borders (MWB), a student group at Colorado School of Mines. It evaluates the impact the group's institutional culture has on its effectiveness as a student-led engineering-to-help organization. Through ethnographic and participatory research methods, we sought to understand members' motivations for joining the organization, their prior knowledge of engineering-to-help, their critiques of the organization, and how well MWB balances service learning for their members and impact on the communities they seek to serve. A participatory photo essay was used to illustrate the perspective of the community members in Nicaragua, and vice versa. The researchers found that members are primarily motivated by a desire to help disadvantaged populations, have little background knowledge on principles of engineering-to-help, see the organization as socially exclusive, and that MWB places a greater emphasis on student experience than community impact. The participative photo essay suggests that MWB members and community members have different perceptions of what constitutes collaboration. This research advances current research on engineering-to-help organizations with the growth of humanitarian engineering programs throughout the world. The results of this ethnography have been used within the organization to enhance its potential effectiveness to benefit students and community members alike.


Abstract The interactions of two gemini surfactants (16-s-16, s = 5, 6) and their conventional counterpart cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in water and in aqueous solutions of polyethylene oxide (PEO, molecular weight = 100,000) having concentrations of 0.1–0.75 wt.% have been investigated at different temperatures using surface tension, viscosity and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The results indicate that there is interaction between PEO and CTAB/gemini surfactants. The driving force which is responsible for the interaction is supposed to be the minimization of interfacial force between the non-polar polymer parts and the solvent water by association. It is observed that critical micellization concentration (cmc) values increase with temperature. It was observed that cmc values for geminis are very small as compared to CTAB. Viscosity increases with increase in polymer concentration and is higher in case of geminis. Dense micellar arrangement is seen for geminis than cationic CTAB as evident from SEM images. The result shows that the interaction of geminis is much higher than its conventional surfactant with PEO.


The temporal evolution of the potential is measured with the heavy ion beam probe (HIBP) in the Large Helical Device (LHD). A rapid change in the potential is observed early in the tangential neutral beam injection (NBI) phase, just after the switch from tangential to perpendicular NBI, and in a low-power electron cyclotron heated (ECH) discharge in the LHD. The radial profile of the potential is measured before and after the potential change. This rapid potential change is considered to indicate the bifurcation of the radial electric field in the edge region of the LHD plasma.


It is a pleasure to present Lawrence Grossman for the Macelwane Award. This occasion is particularly auspicious since the AGU meeting is held here in Toronto, Canada, where Larry was born and raised. As a young man he worked in a mining company plant in northern Manitoba, fixing railroad ties and then doing copper analyses of drill cores in their assay office. On careful investigation I found that he also had some criminal connections with the nearby offices of the Ontario Provincial Police, which was located a short distance from here along the waterfront. Fortunately, this turned out to be on the legal side and not the seamy side. It appears that Larry had directed his natural investigative skills toward doing mineral and chemical analyses of soils scraped from the shoes of suspected criminals. Larry Grossman has not changed directions—just subjects. His investigative skills are now directed toward rocks and soils scraped from the sole of the early solar system. The solar nebula is a place for which scientific proofs are often circumstantial, there being few witnesses to the crimes of creation.


How to analyze your hygiene practices. The method using the step, the request of personal hygiene monitor for attaching the personal hygiene monitor to the user a number of personal hygiene detecting a behavior, the user of the user hygienic profile, recording the plurality of the personal care actions associated with the user Therefore, the steps that can be configured, and the user hygienic profile includes the step of evaluating the hygiene level of the one or more user hygiene habits.


Optical functions on silicon substrates are attracting increasing interest in the semiconductor world. Integration of optical devices on Si can be envisioned in several ways. They can be reported or monolithically integrated on a Si chip. Indeed, an advanced silicon chip is already composed of different technological nodes (different gate oxide for instance), and integrates different functional zones (logic, embedded DRAM...). Localized SOI or Silicon On Nothing (SON) areas will be a next step of this ever growing material integration. But besides these "pure" silicon based technology, differentiation will arrive with "options" such as MEMS, sensors, at the "above ICs" level. This contribution is aimed at presenting a status on how silicon-germanium (SiGe) can drive convergence between Si based electronics and photonics. Based on our own experience at ST on SiGe and our collaborative research works, we first show how industry is getting more and more skilled in handling SiGe in fabs. Then, we report parallel promising results on SiGe based optical systems at research level. Can both progresses on SiGe, know-how in industry and encouraging optical results in research, definitely drive a convergence between electronics and photonics ?


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the commonest compression neuropathy and surgical decompression is the popular treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of operative treatment of CTS based on physical examination and electrodiagnosis (EDX) in Shahid Yahyanejad and Shahid Beheshti hospitals (Babol; Iran 2001-2007) METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on all patients who were operated for CTS in Shahid Yahyanejad and Shahid Beheshti hospitals of Babol from 2001 to 2007. Patients who were dissatisfied according to their self estimation called self image dissatisfied included in the study and evaluated clinically and electro diagnostically. Patients with positive clinical findings called as clinical dissatisfied and patients with positive clinical and electrophysiological findings called as real dissatisfied patients. Collected data were evaluated. FINDINGS: Out of 169 patients who participated in the study, 22 (13%) were self image dissatisfied and 147 (73%) were satisfied. Fourteen (8.3%) of self image dissatisfied patients had positive clinical findings (clinical dissatisfied) and 9 (5.3%) had positive clinical and electrodiagnostic findings (real dissatisfied). Electrodiagnostic study in self image dissatisfied, cured and clinical dissatisfied patients was normal in 9 (41%), 6 (75%) and 3 (21.55) patients, and it was abnormal in 13 (59%), 2 (25%) and 11 (78.5%) patients, respectively. CONCLUSION: The results showed there was no clear correlation between clinical and electrodiagnostic improvement of CTS and combination of clinical and electrodiagnostic improvement is supposed to be reliable.


Pre-trained Transformer models such as BERT have shown great success in a wide range of applications, but at the cost of substantial increases in model complexity. Quantization-aware training (QAT) is a promising method to lower the implementation cost and energy consumption. However, aggressive quantization below 2-bit causes considerable accuracy degradation due to unstable convergence, especially when the downstream dataset is not abundant. This work proposes a proactive knowledge distillation method called Teacher Intervention (TI) for fast converging QAT of ultra-low precision pre-trained Transformers. TI intervenes layer-wise signal propagation with the intact signal from the teacher to remove the interference of propagated quantization errors, smoothing loss surface of QAT and expediting the convergence. Furthermore, we propose a gradual intervention mechanism to stabilize the recovery of subsections of Transformer layers from quantization. The proposed schemes enable fast convergence of QAT and improve the model accuracy regardless of the diverse characteristics of downstream fine-tuning tasks. We demonstrate that TI consistently achieves superior accuracy with significantly lower fine-tuning iterations on well-known Transformers of natural language processing as well as computer vision compared to the state-of-the-art QAT methods.


A 30 km long range distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor (DOFRTS) system has been made, it use new measuring temperature principle of optical fiber amplified anti Stokes Raman spontaneous scattering. In the system, 1550 nm erbium doped optical fiber laser, high speed data acquisition card and signal processing technique are used. By using these technique, the problem of weak signal detection is resolved and signal to noise ratio is increased. All components of system are put into an intellectualized constant temperature box and work in constant temperature condition. Stability and environment adaptability are improved. By appraisal, performance of the system is listed as follows: optical single mode fiber: 31 km, temperature rang: 0~100℃ (can be expanded), temperature measuring uncertainty: ±2℃, temperature resolution: 0.1℃, measurement time: 432 s, spatial resolution: 4 m. The contrast table of the performance of DOFRTS system is given in the paper.


Cadmium sulfide nano-particles with certain shapes have been sucessfully synthesized via r-ray irradiation in the non-water system. Absolute ethanol and a mixed solution of ethanol and benzene with the volume ratio of 1:1 are used as the solvents, and carbon disulfide and sulfur powders as the sulfur ions source, respectively. When the solutions are irradiated, carbon disulfide or sulfur element is reduced into S2- by the produced solvational electrons. CdS is precipitated through the combining reaction of S2- and Cd2+ ions. The investigation reveals that the phases and sizes of the products are affected by different solvents and sulfur ions sources.


This thesis deals with criminality problems, personality of indictable act perpetrator, value orientation, prison service and prison treatment. Theoretical part builds special scope for practical part that makes research inquiry which compares changes in value orientation of convicts influenced by the prison treatment.


With the development of internet, network is playing an increasingly important part in people's lives, but it is bringing a variety of problems, especially computer security, which has become a serious practical trouble now days. Security audit system is an essential component of computer security mechanisms underlying the firewall and intrusion detection system for computer security. Due to the fact that detection is inefficient and lacks intelligence in traditional security audit system, this paper combines Adaptive Genetic Algorithm(AGA) and Support Vector Machines(SVM) as an intelligent AGA-SVM algorithm in audit analysis, with AGA applied to optimize the penalty factor and kernel function parameters of SVM. Based on online training of AGA-SVM, a security audit system model is established and the result of the experiment shows that the method is effective and reliable.


OBJECTIVE
There are few specific prognostic models specifically developed for the pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) population. In the present study, the authors tested the predictive performance of existing prognostic tools, originally developed for the adult TBI population, in pediatric TBI patients requiring stays in the ICU.

METHODS
The authors used the Finnish Intensive Care Consortium database to identify pediatric patients (< 18 years of age) treated in 4 academic ICUs in Finland between 2003 and 2013. They tested the predictive performance of 4 classification systems-the International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials (IMPACT) TBI model, the Helsinki CT score, the Rotterdam CT score, and the Marshall CT classification-by assessing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the explanatory variation (pseudo-R2 statistic). The primary outcome was 6-month functional outcome (favorable outcome defined as a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 3-5).

RESULTS
Overall, 341 patients (median age 14 years) were included; of these, 291 patients had primary head CT scans available. The IMPACT core-based model showed an AUC of 0.85 (95% CI 0.78-0.91) and a pseudo-R2 value of 0.40. Of the CT scoring systems, the Helsinki CT score displayed the highest performance (AUC 0.84, 95% CI 0.78-0.90; pseudo-R2 0.39) followed by the Rotterdam CT score (AUC 0.80, 95% CI 0.73-0.86; pseudo-R2 0.34).

CONCLUSIONS
Prognostic tools originally developed for the adult TBI population seemed to perform well in pediatric TBI. Of the tested CT scoring systems, the Helsinki CT score yielded the highest predictive value.


A genome-wide association study of asthma first identified SNPs on human chromosome 17 as a significant genetic risk factor underpinning the disease. The SNPs were consistently and strongly associated in cis with transcript levels of the gene ORMDL3 (P,10) (1). This association has subsequently been replicated in numerous studies worldwide, including a recent multiancestry global meta-analysis of 23,948 asthma cases versus 118,538 controls (2). The locus is now recognized as the major predisposing factor for childhood-onset asthma. Early symptomatic human rhinovirus (RV) infection is a risk factor for subsequent asthma, and human RV infection accounts for nearly two-thirds of childhood asthma exacerbations. Significant increases in the number of wheezing illnesses have been observed in children with enhanced transcription genotypes at the 17q21 ORMDL3 locus (3). Recent investigation has shown that ORMDL3 has pleiotropic effects during cellular inflammation, and ORMDL3 knockdown in human epithelial cells was found to strongly reduce expression of the human RV receptor ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1) during the inflammatory response (4). Human RVs are classified within the family Picornaviridae. There are more than 100 serotypes of RV; the diversities of serotypes are difficult for creating an effective vaccine against the major etiologic agent causing the common cold. The virus is a small, singlepositive stranded RNA virus whose capsid contains four proteins. Three of these proteins, VP1, VP2, and VP3, are located on the surface of the capsid and are responsible for its antigenic diversity; the fourth, VP4, is located inside the virus and anchors the RNA core to the viral capsid. There are also seven nonstructural proteins—2A to 2C and 3A to 3D—of which 3D possesses RNA-dependent RNA polymerase function. Three genetically distinct RV species, RV-A, RV-B, and RV-C, have been described. RV-A and RV-B were distinguished from one another in the early 1990s on the basis of the activities of antiviral compounds. Presently, the RV-A class includes 77 recognized types and the RV-B includes 30 types (5). RV-C has only been recognized since 2009 and has at least 50 subtypes (6). RV-A and RV-B serotypes are classified into major (90% of viruses) and minor (10%) groups respectively, on the basis of cellular receptors. The majority of RV serotypes bind to ICAM-1 (also called CD54), whereas z10% bind to the LDLR (low-density lipoprotein receptor) (7). RV-C is also known to use CDHR3 (cadherin-related family member 3) for entry. More than 60% of the capacity for binding and fusion of the RV particle is mediated by attachment to ICAM-1 (8), which binds within a pocket groove of the VP-1 protein located on the viral capsid (9). The expression of ICAM-1 is also upregulated on infection both in vivo and in vitro to promote additional viral binding and infection spread in epithelial cells (10), leading to a vicious cycle of RV infection. As we previously reported, ORMDL3 is involved in this process (4). In this issue of the Journal, Liu and colleagues (pp. 783–792) provide evidence that ORMDL3 is also involved in RV replication in epithelial cells, as knockdown of ORMDL3 inhibited the replication of RV-A16, which is the most commonly studied and validated human RV strain (11). In ORMDL3-silenced cells, the enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and IFN-b expression induced by RV infection significantly decreased. ER stress and the unfolded protein response induced by tunicamycin significantly increased IFN-b expression and inhibited RV-A replication, suggesting that different pathways exist between ORMDL3 and pharmacogenetic activators affecting RV replication. Myriocin, an inhibitor of SPT (serine palmitoyl-CoA transferase), the first and rate-limiting step in sphingolipid biosynthesis, increases RV-A16 replication. These findings provide strong evidence that ORMDL3 is able to regulate RV replication in epithelial cells, although there could be more interesting experiments for this topic. Most of the experiments were performed in HeLa cells, a line derived from cervical cancer cells that are quite different from human airway cells. Expression of the RV receptor ICAM-1 may be different in these two cell types, which could have influenced their results. Under noninflammatory conditions, ICAM-1 expression is constitutively low in epithelial cells. IL-1b, TNF-a, IFN-g, and other cytokines elicit increased expression in a celland cytokine-specific fashion (12). During ORMDL3 knockdown in lung epithelial cells, only the ICAM-1 expression levels were changed, while all other RV receptor levels remained unchanged (in-house data) after cytokine IL-1b stimulation. Viral replication initiates a cell inflammatory response, resulting in the expression of cytokines that feed back to promote ICAM-1 expression for more viral attachments. Most Picornaviruses use the cytoplasmic surface of ER/Golgi membranes for genome replication. The viral nonstructural proteins 2B, 2C, and 3A are reported to associate with the ER and Golgi membranes and are believed to be important in remodeling through the recruitment of host proteins, such as Golgi proteins ACBD3 (GCP60) and PI3KIIIb. In addition, RV is known to infect human epithelial cells via ceramide-enriched membrane platforms (13), suggesting that acid sphingomyelinase and ceramide may act as key molecules affecting the infection of human cells by RV. Human ORMDL3 encodes a transmembrane protein that is anchored in the ER. The ER is a site for protein folding, synthesis of lipids and the storage of free calcium. ER stress can reduce the capacity of the ER for protein folding and thereby influence cellular responses to inflammation. It interacts with the serine SPT enzyme complex in sphingolipid synthesis (14). ORMDL3 facilitates the unfolded protein response to cellular stress by influencing SERCA (sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase) and ER-mediated Ca flux (15). ORMDL3 also regulates ER stress, ceramide, and sphingosine 1-sulfate levels that regulate cytokine release as well as replication. Thus, ORMDL3 can influence RV infection and associated inflammation in multiple ways: 1) it increases major RV receptor ICAM-1 expression in epithelial cells (and also ceramide-enriched


The fiefs of East-dao lieges mainly distributed over the west areas of northeast and the plain zones of East Mongolia. Mongolia nobilities always took the larger autonomous power in the Yuan Dynasty, all lieges could set up institutions freely, appoint and remove functionaries, enjoy all kinds of economical and political liberties, and have a lot of troops which were the important military force. In Mongolian periods, East-dao lieges of Mongolia governed northeast areas. After the institution of Liaoyang Xingsheng, the fiefs of East-dao lieges still reserved the past liberties, and there was no relation of administrative subjection to Liaoyang Xingsheng, but they both were directly under the centrality separately. The fiefs of Mongolia were the special districts which enjoyed a series of military, political and economical liberties.


In a lively discussion appearing in the Viewpoint section of the journal Nature Reviews Neurology, Ben Readhead, a researcher in the ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center at the Biodesign Institute joins several distinguished colleagues to discuss the idea that bacteria, viruses or other infectious pathogens may play a role in Alzheimer's disease. The concept, sometimes referred to as the infectious theory of Alzheimer's disease, was first proposed some 30 years ago. Since then, the idea has encountered considerable resistance in the research community. Until recently, it had been largely displaced in favor of approaches based on the amyloid hypothesis, the leading theory of Alzheimer's, which identifies plaques of amyloid beta and tangles of tau protein as underlying drivers of the disease.


A handle for an elastic resistance cord training system includes a grip on a handle frame adjacent to a first end of the handle frame. A base is provided on the handle frame adjacent to a second end of the handle frame, with the base having one or more one cord channels. A gate is movable or slidable on the handle frame from an open position where the gate is substantially spaced apart from the cord channel, to a closed position wherein the gate overlies the cord channel. With the gate in the open position, the cords can be quickly and easily swapped out.


Spectroscopy during Corrosion Initiation and Propagation DTU Orbit (05/08/2019) Corrosion of Steel in Concrete – Potential Monitoring and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy during Corrosion Initiation and Propagation A reinforced mortar specimen that allows potential measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) immediately after preparation was designed and tested. The specimen consists of a mortar cylinder with a central rebar and a concentric arrangement of embedded Ru/Ir activated titanium wires. The wires can act as both reference and counter electrode during EIS and, thus, no external electrode is required. The defined geometry solves reproducibility problems involved with application of an external reference electrode for EIS. Changes of the electromotive force (EMF) between rebar and titanium wires can be monitored immediately after preparation. The wire arrangement also allows investigation of local changes in the bulk mortar by EIS or by measuring the potential development of the titanium wires versus an external standard electrode. The specimen design was evaluated in an investigation on the effect of the steel quality and the steel surface properties on initiation and propagation of chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion. Besides untreated (as received) carbon rebars and stainless rebars, selected surface treatments and galvanization were investigated. The surface treatments included grit blasting, electrochemical and hydrochloric acid cleaning (HCl) as well as weathering. The results indicate that the investigated treatments of the carbon steel surface have no major effect on the initiation period, which was approximately 20 days under the actual conditions. The galvanized rebar appears to be protected throughout the experimental period to date (200 days), whereas active corrosion of the stainless steel appeared to be initiated after 100 days exposure.


An apparatus and a method for synchronous spectrum sharing in a wireless communication system are provided to extract idle spectrum information from a sub frame related to a sub channel exclusive for a broadcast frame in an OFDM/OFDMA wireless communication system and transmit data in an identified symbol slot not used, thereby allowing a secondary user of the system to form ad-hoc mesh network communications dynamically in a fixed or mobile scenario. In a wireless communication system having a primary user node and a secondary user node, a synchronous spectrum sharing operation of the secondary user node is performed by extracting idle spectrum information from a sub-frame related to a network sub-channel only for a broadcast frame(1015), and transmitting data within a unused symbol slot, which is identified in the extracted idle spectrum information(1025).


ABSTRACT Objective The purpose of this study was to identify and summarize the relationships between MS and individual components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) [high waist circumference (WC), high blood pressure (BP), high systolic blood pressure (SBP), high diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high triglycerides (TG), fasting blood glucose (GL) and low HDL cholesterol levels (HDL-C)] in adults. Methods A systematic review was performed on six electronic databases (Lilacs, Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus, Sportdiscus, and Web of Knowledge), with complimentary searches in reference lists. The databases were investigated without restrictions regarding the period of publication. Results Of the 6,833 articles initially identified, 17 were included, with data on 43,343 adults. Higher MS values were associated with lower WC values. Different results in relation to the association between MS and BP, MS and SBP, and MS and DBP were verified. In addition, inconclusive results were verified in the relationship between MS and TG, MS and HDL-C, and MS and GL. Conclusion Higher MS values were related with lower WC in adults. More evidence from longitudinal studies with high methodological rigor is needed to elucidate the relationship between MS and CVD among adults.


Renal anomaly with Urorectal septum malformation (URSM) with persistent cloaca is a very rare congenital anomaly. During dissection of 22 weeks old spontaneously aborted male fetus in the department of Anatomy, We found fused multicystic kidney, ureter anomaly, Persistent cloaca with Urorectal septum malformation. This is due to defective caudal end of mesoderm.


market, but those who have read such verse as he has published see that he is using that medium for voicing his criticism of life in general, among the hill folk with whom he now fives and among the urbanites that he has left behind. As a socialist he is far from satisfied with the social structure the ages have given him to live in. and he is doing his bit to better things. Like Masters of I1linois he is a satirist at times, but with how much juster and more hopeful an outlook on the humble folk of village street or of city alley I In nature interpretation, after the manner of Burroughs, Bradford Torrey, he is fast looming up as major figure given a few more years. The love and passion of his 'youth was for contact with Nature as she still existed relatively untouched by man in the woodlands, by the fishing streams and by the ocean side of eastern Massachusetts. Now he lives among the splendid hills of western Massachusetts in a region not yet wholly transformed into the "preserves" of the rich of New York. The fruit of his harvesting as a ..,.


Since the policy of reform and opening up was taken in China 30 years ago,remarkable achievements have been made in construction of city culture in Ningbo.The unique culture of Ningbo comes from three parts: the construction of harmonious Ningbo;the development of philanthropy and promotion of Ningbo spirit.


The concept that multisensory observation and drawing can be effective for enhancing anatomy learning is supported by pedagogic research and theory, and theories of drawing. A haptico‐visual observation and drawing (HVOD) process has been previously introduced to support understanding of the three‐dimensional (3D) spatial form of anatomical structures. The HVOD process involves exploration of 3D anatomy with the combined use of touch and sight, and the simultaneous act of making graphite marks on paper which correspond to the anatomy under observation. Findings from a previous study suggest that HVOD can increase perceptual understanding of anatomy through memorization and recall of the 3D form of observed structures. Here, additional pedagogic and cognitive underpinnings are presented to further demonstrate how and why HVOD can be effective for anatomy learning. Delivery of a HVOD workshop is described as a detailed guide for instructors, and themes arising from a phenomenological study of educator experiences of the HVOD process are presented. Findings indicate that HVOD can provide an engaging approach for the spatial exploration of anatomy within a supportive social learning environment, but also requires modification for effective curricular integration. Consequently, based on the most effective research‐informed, theoretical, and logistical elements of art‐based approaches in anatomy learning, including the framework provided by the observe–reflect–draw–edit–repeat (ORDER) method, an optimized "ORDER Touch" observation and drawing process has been developed. This is with the aim of providing a widely accessible resource for supporting social learning and 3D spatial understanding of anatomy, in addition to improving specific anatomical knowledge.


Bird-fungi associations are ecologically important, and the species of these groups that occur in the Pampa biome region have different characteristics. The Shiny Cowbirds (Molothrus bonariensis – Icteridae) is a ground foraging bird that cohabits vegetation of grasslands. Some mushrooms of this biome have considerably large and edible basidiomes, such as species of genus Macrolepiota (Agaricaceae). Therefore, the objective of this study was to contribute to the first description of mycophagy for the Pampa biome, including the species Molothrus bonariensis and Macrolepiota bonariensis. Data were submitted to a test of variance ANOVA and Tukey test at a 5% significance level.  For the quantitative multivariate data, the test of Kiviat was elaborated. The test of Schumacher and Eschmeyer was used to determine the degree of interaction of the birds with the mushrooms. 60 hours of observations were realized with a flock of bird containing approximately 76 individuals in the study area. 30 fresh scat samples and 10 mushrooms that showed pecks signals were collected from the area georeferenced. Microscopic analysis of scat of birds revealed basidiospores of mushroom. For the record of foraging events, the mycophagy of birds was higher in zones with more occurrence of mushrooms. The results assist in better understand this important mycophagy interaction between the Shiny Cowbird and the mushroom M. bonaerensis. The study confirms that bird-fungal mycophagy associations are more widespread than previously thought.


Artistic creation can't be detached from the inner emotion and acute insight into life in creator. However,the complexity and variety of inside experiences are hard to be discerned by others. This article tends to find some innate connections between "deficiency experience" and artistic creation from the point of artistic psychology concerning with a very importance field "deficiency experience" in the study of inside experience in aesthetic subjects and also take Badashanren as a studying case.


Measurements of gasdynamic quantities were performed using a rapid-tuning CW dye laser to resolve Doppler-shifted spectral features in either the O2 Schumann-Runge bands or the NO gamma band near 225 nm. With the rapid-tuning capability, spectral features were acquired at a repetition rate of 4 kHz. Monitoring O2 transitions provided estimates of velocities while monitoring collision-broadened NO line pairs provided simultaneous measurements of velocity, temperature and pressure. Experiments were first performed in absorption within the transient one-dimensional flows generated in a shock tube. Agreement between measured and theoretical values, as calculated from one-dimensional shock relations, was typically better than 5 percent. The method was extended to fluorescence detection of NO in a static cell. Temperature and pressure were extracted from recorded profiles, and the results agreed well with expected values.


The goal of genome sequencing is to unravel the ordered sequence of nucleic acids that form the DNA or RNA of a given sample. Genome sequencing lab requires the ability to select and track a large amount of samples through many experimental steps. Therefore, laboratory information management system (LIMS) is needed to provide a way of automating the laboratory experimental procedures and track the samples. LIMSs have been proposed and developed for many years, but still remain difficult for labs to implement successfully. In this paper, we demonstrate our genomic next generation sequencing (NGS) LIMS solution. We developed a web-based LIMS with flexible configuration and customization for NGS laboratories, and can help laboratories track samples and optimize experimental procedures and business workflows. We also describe our solution of integrating LIMS with the existing enterprise business information systems. Finally, we share our experience for the implementation of a successful LIMS.


Arc crust is traditionally defined by an intermediate to felsic upper crust and a complementary lower crust dominated by dense ultramafic-mafic cumulates. The nature of lower crustal cumulates either reflect crystallization-differentiation of basaltic arc magma or partial melting of preexisting crust or a combination of both. These formation processes remain unclear and ultimately influence the composition of the derivative melts that form the bulk of the continental crust. The southern Sierra Nevada exposes the Bear Valley Intrusive Suite (BVIS) that represents a 30 km-thick continuous crustal section. Our previous work showed that the bulk of this crustal section was emplaced within 1.39 ± 0.06 Myr. The deepest portion of the BVIS includes mafic cumulates consisting of hornblende norite, hornblende gabbronorite, hornblende gabbro and hornblendite that formed at ~8-9 kbars and crystallized during isobaric cooling between ~1050°C and ~810°C. Shallower crustal levels are dominated by tonalites emplaced from ~6-7 to ~2-3 kbars at temperatures ranging from ~780°C to ~720°C. Petrography and mineral chemistry reveal different sequences of mineral crystallization for each type of gabbro that suggest coeval parental melts of contrasting compositions and H 2 O contents that vary from ~1.5 to >3 wt%. Despite this diversity in the lower crust, the tonalite middle and upper crust represent comparatively homogeneous liquids that are temporally and genetically related to the igneous mafic cumulates. Using available experimental data, we show that mixing variably fractionated dry and wet basalts with similar viscosities followed by crystallization-differentiation in the deep crust reproduces the geochemical characteristics observed in tonalites. Hence


Commercially available IGBT converters are usually designed in a cost-efficient way. They can readily be applied to the application they are designed for. However, they are rather limited if unusual requirements, typical for research and laboratory use, have to be met. With regard to the machine test bench capabilities of the institute, a universally applicable back-to-back IGBT converter has been designed and realised. The design rules applied and the resulting technical solutions and capabilities of the system are described in this paper. Measurements illustrate the main features.


Abstract To precisely estimate rub-impact fault between a rotor and stator in an aero-engine and identify a rub-impact location, a method combining variational modal decomposition (VMD), margin factor (MF), and cepstrum has been proposed (VMD-MF-cepstrum). Firstly, to effectively separate rub-impact fault information, VMD algorithm was recruited to decompose original vibration acceleration signals due to its excellent time frequency locality, and the result provides an intrinsic mode function (IMF) from different frequency bands. Furthermore, in view of the sensitivity of the margin factor to the wear extent of the equipment, it was used to select the sensitive IMF that can best embody the characteristic information of rub-impact faults, which is labeled the optimal IMF. Moreover, considering the consistency and difference of transfer path of rub-impact fault characteristic information shown by the signals obtained by the sensors installed in different positions or the same position when the rubbing position is the same (or different). Cepstrum was employed to manifest the feature of transfer path and the transfer path from the optimal IMF was extracted. Finally, according to the characteristics that correspond to the transfer path and the k-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm, the fault and locations of rub-impact were judged and identified. Analyses from two independent experiments conducted in 2 days and comparison with classical cepstral method indicated that the proposed method is ideal for unknown samples. Compared with the classical cepstral method, the correctly identified percentage that corresponds to two independent experiments was increased by 52.00% and 43.25%.


List of Figures Introduction Chapter One - Childhood Chapter Two - The Youthful Genius Chapter Three - At the Court of Julius II Chapter Four - Back and forth between Rome and Florence Chapter Five - At the call of the Medicis Chapter Six - Michelangelo's glasses Chapter Seven - The Pauline Chapel Chapter Eight - No more illusions Notes Index