Invisibility is the main challenge of diagnosis that there are usually no symptoms of Pancreatic carcinoma (Pc) at the early stage. Therefore, the early and accurate identification of Pc is crucial which is expected to capture the imperceptible region of interest of pathological images (PIs) to support diagnosis and further treatment. This paper presents an attempt at a straightforward clustering autoencoder framework for Pc identification alternative. With merging the Marginal Entropy and Conditional Entropy into the framework, the proposed method shows promise of clustering (optimal cluster is 20) experimenting with an authoritative PIs dataset of Pc. Meanwhile, we design a tool used for tracking the attention of clustering decisions, to provide a certain interpretability for the clinical diagnosis. The proposed method is a plain but potential framework that can be used in further development of a complex deep architecture for more accurate cancer-related research.


. We present a new proof for the equivalence of potential theoretic weak solutions and viscosity solutions to the p ( · )-Laplace equation in R n . The proof of the equivalence in the variable exponent case in Euclidean space was first given by Juutinen, Lukkari, and Parviainen (2010) and extended the equivalence of potential theoretic weak solutions and viscosity solutions to the p -Laplace equation in R n , given by Juutinen, Lindqvist, and Manfredi (2001). In both the fixed exponent case and the variable exponent case, the main argument is based on the maximum principle for semicontinuous functions, several approximations, and also applied the full uniqueness machinery of the theory of viscosity solutions. This paper extends the approach of Julin and Juutinen (2012) for the fixed exponent case, and so we employ infimal convolutions to present a direct, new proof for the equivalence of potential theoretic weak solutions and viscosity solutions to the p ( · )-Laplace equation in R n . Ohio River Analysis Meeting


In this study,poly(e-caprolactone)(PCL),which was chosen as the polymer matrix,was swelled and plasticized in supercritical carbon dioxide(SC CO2).Then drug precursor methyl salicylate(MS) was impregnated and encapsulated into PCL using SC-CO2 as a carrier and swelling agent.The effects of temperature,pressure and concentration of drug precursor on drug loading amount were studied.The release behaviors of the controlled-release systems with different drug loading amounts were also investigated.


The pandemic of COVID-19 reminds us of the basic important principles for prevention of infection: avoid the "Three Cs": closed spaces, crowded places and close contact settings. Outpatient clinics in Japan are typical examples of three Cs, where some kinds of decision support system are required to solve the above situation. This paper proposes data mining based patient navigation support system to prevent the Three Cs. Behind the systems, temporal data mining units plays an important role in providing temporal information to the patients, such as waiting time and human densities in the waiting rooms. It analyzes the data stored in hospital information systems, including patient information, logs of clinical orders. The analysis results show that several aspects of patients' waiting are visualized by temporal data mining.


Abstract African Americans (AA) are 17% less likely to be diagnosed with arthritis compared to Whites, yet disproportionately burdened by arthritis symptoms. AA are overrepresented in the diagnosis and burden of other chronic conditions (diabetes, heart disease), highlighting the need to engage them in evidence-based Chronic Disease Self-Management Education (CDSME) Programs. This study examines how disease profiles may influence program attendance. Using a multinomial logistic regression, data were analyzed from AA with arthritis (N=20,541) who attended CDSME programs in 48 states. Relative to those with only arthritis, participants with more complex disease profiles were less likely to attend an arthritis-specific program (P<0.001) and more likely to attend a diabetes-specific program (P<0.001). Those with more complex disease profiles were more likely to attend programs at healthcare organizations and residential facilities, and less likely to attend in faith-based organizations (P<0.001). Understanding barriers and facilitators to program attendance have policy and public health implications.


A field trial was conducted (2020–2021) in a randomized complete block design arranged according to the split-plot design to evaluate the integrated effects of an alternative fertilization practice based on the application of a microbial biostimulant in combination with different weed control methods on weed growth and maize productivity. Two fertilization practices, conventional (CF) and alternative (AF), formed the main plots. The CF supplied maize with 160 kg N ha−1. The AF included a foliar application of the biostimulant NitroStim®, which contains N2-fixing bacteria (1 × 1012 colony forming units; CFU L−1) along with a 50% lower fertilizer incorporation rate (80 kg N ha−1). Four weed control treatments formed the subplots: one inter-row mechanical cultivation (M1), two inter-row mechanical cultivations (M2), tembotrione application (99 g a.i. ha−1; H), and an untreated control (CON). Combined over the years (p ≥ 0.05), fertilization, weed control, and their interactions affected (p ≤ 0.05) weed density and biomass, maize grain yield, and nitrogen partial factor productivity (PFPN). The AF reduced weed biomass by 28% compared to the CF. M1 resulted in a high value (389 g m−2). M2 and H reduced weed biomass compared to (M1 ≥ 70%). Weed biomass dropped below 35 g m−2 in the AF × H and AF × M2 subplots. Observations on weed density were similar. The AF resulted in 12 and 56% higher maize grain yield and PFPN than the CF, respectively. M2 increased grain yield by 18 and 25% compared to M1 and CON, respectively, and was not different from H. Moreover, AF × H and AF × M2 were the highest-yielding interactions (≥12,000 kg grain ha−1). AF × M2 increased PFPN by 56, 58, 64, and 67% compared to CF × H, CF × M2, CF × M1, and CF × CON, respectively, while AF × H resulted in similar PFPN.


Abstract Using two conceptual frameworks from political science—Kingdon's (2003) multiple streams model and the advocacy coalition framework (Sabatier & Jenkins-Smith, 1993)—this case study examines the detailed history of a ma- jor tuition policy change in Ontario in 2004: a tuition freeze. The paper ex- plores the social, political, and economic factors that influenced policymakers on this particular change to shed light on the broader questions of the dynam- ics of postsecondary policymaking. The study found that the Liberal Party's decision to freeze postsecondary tuition fees was a function of stakeholder re- lations, public opinion, and brokerage politics, designed for electoral success. The policy implementation strategy was intended to facilitate the cooperation and interests of the major institutions. Within the broader policy community, student-organized interest groups and other policy advocates were aligned in a policy preference, a critical component for successful change.  Resume A l'aide de deux cadres conceptuels en science politique, le modele a volets multiples de Kingdon (2003) et le cadre de coalitions de defense de Sabatier et Jenkins-Smith (1993), la presente etude de cas examine l'histoire detaillee d'un changement majeur en matiere de politique de frais de scolarite qui a eu lieu en Ontario en 2004 : le gel des frais de scolarite. Le present article examine les facteurs sociaux, politiques et economiques qui ont dirige certains responsables politiques vers ce changement particulier, afin de faire la lumiere sur les questions plus generales portant sur la dynamique de  l'elaboration de politiques en matiere d'enseignement postsecondaire. L'etude conclut que la decision du parti Liberal de geler les frais de scolarite des etudes postsecondaires relevait de relations avec les intervenants, d'opinion publique et de politique de mediation, dans le but de remporter les elections. La strategie de mise en œuvre de la politique visait a faciliter la cooperation et les interets entre institutions d'envergure. Au sein d'une communaute politique plus large, des groupes d'interet etudiants et d'autres defenseurs de la politique partageaient la meme preference politique, un element essentiel a la reussite de ce changement.


The purpose of criminal law policy in the field of taxation is not to look for mistakes or provide punishments as revenge, but to realize the level of public compliance as taxpayers so that in the end they can increase state revenues in the taxation sector. Efforts to against crime in the tax sector through the making of criminal law are essentially an integral part of the protection efforts for people who are social defenders, and efforts to achieve public welfare in the context of eradicating and reducing poverty (social welfare). The research method used normative legal research. The data used are secondary data consists of primary legal materials, secondary law, and tertiary legal materials. In addition, it is also used as the primary data, secondary data, and supporting legal materials. The result of this research is a taxpayer who violates the provisions of the applicable tax laws and regulations, he (the taxpayer) does not deposit the tax payable so in this case the taxation apparatus gives a warning letter that the taxpayer must fulfill tax obligations if it has three times received the warning letter but the taxpayer did not respond to the Directorate General of Taxation, in this case through the local tax authorities.


From the 10 to the 13 century AD, aided by mathematicians (Ozdural 2000), the artists and artisans in the Islamic civilization produced a large body of symmetric geometrical patterns. Many of these are extremely elegant and convey something deeply profound about the beauty of geometrical forms which cannot be put into words. Islamic patterns may of course be enjoyed purely as decorations. They can be enjoyed for aesthetic experience of art and science in unity. But these patterns depict a variety of geometrical structures and constraints of the Euclidean space. Hence they are of great merit as educational aids for the teaching of many topics in mathematics, physics, chemistry, crystallography, computer science and design. In particular they can be valuable in the teaching of geometry to school children and provide a visual gateway for the teaching of abstract notions of Group Theory at the university level. This paper will introduce Islamic geometrical patterns, say something about their characteristics and origins and point the reader to a variety of resources on Islamic Patterns (books, papers, videos and websites) which may be utilised in the teaching of the mathematics of symmetry.


Oral anticoagulation self-management and management by a specialist anticoagulation clinic: a randomised cross-over comparison

M E Cromheecke, M Levi, L P Colly, B J de Mol, M H Prins, B A Hutten, R Mak, K C Keyzers, H R Buller

Background: Vitamin K antagonist treatment is effective for prevention and treatment of thromboembolic events but frequent laboratory control and dose adjustment are essential. Small portable devices have enabled patient self-monitoring of anticoagulation and self-adjustment of the dose. We compared this self-management of oral anticoagulant therapy with conventional management by a specialist anticoagulation clinic in a randomised cross-over study. Methods: 50 patients on long-term oral anticoagulant treatment were included in a randomised controlled crossover study. Patients were self-managed or were managed by the anticoagulation clinic for a period of 3 months. After this period the alternative strategy was followed for each patient. Prothrombin time (expressed as international normalised ratio [INR]) were measured at intervals of 1–2 weeks in both periods without knowledge of type of management. The primary endpoint was the number of measurements within the therapeutic range (therapeutic target value ±50.5 INR units). Findings: There was no significant difference in the overall quality of control of anticoagulation between the two study periods. Patients were for 55% and for 49% of the treatment period within a range of ±0.5 from the therapeutic target INR during self-management and anticoagulation clinic management, respectively (p=0.06). The proportion of patients who spent most time in the therapeutic target range was larger during self-management than during anticoagulation clinic-guided management. The odds ratio for a better control of anticoagulation (defined as the period of time in the therapeutic target range) during self-management compared with anticoagulation clinic-guided management was 4.6 (95% CI 2.1–10.2). A patient satisfaction assessment showed superiority of self-management over conventional care. Interpretation: Self-management of INR …


The main purpose of this research is to analyze the economic value added of shredded and catfish flour production based on zero waste principle in Sekarwangi village, Sukabumi. The data used in this study are primary data where data is obtained directly from responden that is collected through interviews. This research was conducted for approximately two months. The process of changing from catfish to other products in the form of shredded and catfish flour gives added value both economically and to the benefit of environmental sustainability. The results of data processing show that processing raw material for unproductive catfish into shredded and catfish flour can provide economic value added Rp 19,500 for shredded from every 3 kg of catfish and 30,000 for catfish flour� from every 5 kg of catfish bones. The application of zero waste technology in the production of shredded and catfish flour is to utilize all parts of catfish without any waste. The principle of zero waste is an environmentally friendly activity.


KONISHI, M. 1985. Bird song: from behavior to neuron. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 8:125-170. MARLER, P. 1970. A comparative approach to vocal learning: song development in White-crowned Sparrow. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 71:1-25. MARLER, P., AND S. PETERS. 1977. Selective vocal learning in a sparrow. Science 198:519-521. MARLER, P., AND S. PETERS. 1987. A sensitive period for song acquisition in the Song Sparrow, Melospiza melodia: a case of age-limited learning. Ethology 76:89-100. MARSHALL, J. T., JR. 1948. Ecologic races of Song Sparrows in the San Francisco Bay Region Part I. Habitat and abundance. Condor 50:193-215. MULLIGAN, J. A. 1966. Singing behavior and its development in the Song Sparrow Melospiza melodia. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 81:1-76. NICE, M. M. 1943. Studies in the life history of the Song Sparrow II. The behavior of the Song Sparrow and other passerines. Trans. Linn. Soc. N.Y. 6:1-238.


A highly alternative copolymer of carbon dioxide and propylene oxide was obtained using a lanthanide trichloroacetates-based ternary catalyst. The rare-earth compound in the ternary catalyst was critical to dramatically raise the yield and molecular weight of the copolymer in addition to maintaining a high alternating ratio of the copolymer. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


An understanding of the diffusion of hydrogen on Si(001) is important in the gas-source growth of silicon and silicon-germanium alloys. We have imaged the saturated monohydride surface between 600 and 700 K using an elevated-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM), and have observed the concerted diffusion of pairs of hydrogen atoms along the dimer rows. The barrier for this process has been estimated from the STM data to be $1.95\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2\mathrm{eV}.$ Using our experimental images, we have narrowed down the mechanism to two possible routes, which we have modeled with tight binding. Only one of these routes has a barrier (1.98 eV) which is consistent with the experiment, leading to a conclusive identification of the diffusion mechanism.


A steel sawing wire (302) with a helicoidal shape, wherein straight segments alternate with outwardly oriented bends is described. The shape of the sawing wire (302) is configured so as to have a good cooperation with the abrasive particles the wire is used with in the following way: when the wire (302) is used gaps form at the segments between the bends and the circumscribed semi-cylinder formed by the workpiece that is being cut. The gaps have a maximum gapsize that is from 0.25 to 2 times the median diameter of the abrasive particles used. In this way at the gaps active, large particles are pushed against the workpiece while worn abrasive debris escapes through the gaps. Additionally several manufacturing methods are described which result in such kind of wire (302).


Scheduling is one of the most important steps in high level synthesis. This paper proposes a dynamic list scheduling algorithm based on lower bound estimation. Compared with traditional static list scheduling method, efficient multi-objective optimization could be achieved.


Provisioning of Quality of Service (QoS) is the key concern for Radio Resource Management now-a-days. In this paper, an efficient dynamic channel borrowing architecture has been proposed that ensures better QoS. The proposed scheme lessens the problem of excessive overall call blocking probability without sacrificing bandwidth utilization. If a channel is borrowed from an adjacent cell and causes interference, in that case we also propose architecture that diminishes the interference problem. The numerical results show comparison between the proposed scheme and the conventional scheme before channel borrowing process. The results show a satisfactory performance that are in favor of the proposed scheme, in case of overall call blocking probability, bandwidth utilization and interference management.


The analysis of differential gene expression has become increasingly important in recent years. Typically, differentially expressed genes are identified in a primary screening procedure, yielding candidate genes whose differential expression has to be verified. We provide a highly sensitive, efficient and nonradioactive differential screening procedure to analyze numerous candidate genes in a single step. This comprises labeling of poly(A)+ RNA of the cell types analyzed with DIG Chem-Link and differential hybridization to the candidate genes fixed on dot blots. DIG Chem-Link allows, to our knowledge, for the first time efficient and direct nonradioactive labeling of RNA in vitro. Advantages of this method include extremely short exposure times and the feasibility to re-use the probes after prolonged storage. Using this procedure, we isolated several genes that are differentially expressed in maturing Langerhans cells.


The biggest challenge for SMEs in the face of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) is how to be able to determine the right strategy in order to win the competition. Small industry of Garment must innovate in order to compete with other countries. This study aims to
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investigate the effect of dimensions of innovation (product; process; marketing and organization) on business performance in garment small industry in Bandung City. The number of samples are ninety small industry and survey method is used to analyze the collected data. Data analysis used multiple linear regression. Multiple regression analysis indicate that product; process; marketing and organization dimensions of innoatin has significant and positive effects on business performance. Keywords: Innovation, Dimensions of Innovation, Business Performance, Multiple Regression.


This study addresses an important problem in neurology, distinguishing tremor and ataxia using quantitative methods. Specifically, we aimed to quantitatively separate dysmetria, a cardinal sign of ataxia, from tremor in essential tremor (ET).


Trichomonas vaginalis is the most common nonviral etiology of sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide ([1][1]). The OSOM Trichomonas rapid test (OSOM; Sekisui Diagnostics, San Diego, CA) is a rapid surrogate to microscopic analysis in symptomatic patients ([2][2]), but its performance in low-


In mid-fifties helicopters were already an indivisible part of military air forces all over the world. In terms of the Warsaw Pact the army of Soviet Union and subsequently its satellite states got the first helicopters. In 1956 Czechoslovak military air force also received the first Mil Mi-4 helicopters. Since 1959 Mi-1 light helicopters were used for pilots training, however, in early sixties there was a shortage of backup pilots within military units. The only Czechoslovak liaison helicopter regiment did not manage to train its own pilots, much less backup pilots. Therefore, unused military helicopters HC-102 were incorporated into Svazarm aero clubs (Svaz pro spolupráci s armádou - The Union for Cooperation with The Army). Flying with Mi-1 started in 1965. In course of eleven years a huge number of pilots were trained within aeroclubs, which cooperated with military air force, to join the army in case of need. In 1974 the conception of backup pilots training in aeroclubs was re-evaluated and finished. The numerous group of pilots then got occasional trainings at army till early eighties and many of the pilots were finally employed at the police, air force or in civil sector.


The author shows how acting out finds its origin within excessive excitement. There are different destinies to excitation. The main problem is to transform somatic arousal into psychic instinct. How does the change occur ? The protective shield saves from the excitations. It may be quite faulty with borderline patients and completely defective with psychotic patients. How can the protective shield be restored ? Is psychodrama a therapeutic tool used to transform excitation into drive ? The author presents an arrangement of the psychodrama used to treat institutionalized psychotic patients.


The current global reserve system has three fundamental flaws: first, a deflationary bias as the burden of adjustment falls on deficit countries; second, inherent instabilities associated with the use of a national currency as the major reserve asset; third, growing inequities associated with resource transfers to reserve currency issuing countries, enhanced by the high demand for foreign exchange reserves by developing countries, due to pro-cyclical capital flows and inadequate "collective insurance". Instead, the system should counter-cyclically issued Special Drawing Rights (SDRs), which also finance IMF facilities, ensure "development links" in SDR allocations, and create a complementary network of regional reserve funds. JEL Classification: F02-International Economic Order, F33-International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions, F55-International Institutional Arrangements.


Objective:To evaluate the effect of dental operating microscope(DOM)in combination with ultrasonic instrumentsfor the removal of seperated molar root canals instruments. Method:81molar teeth with seperated instruments were treated by ultrasonic tips under dental microscope. The success rates were calculatede. Result:Totally 39 fractured instrumentswere taken out,with a success rate of 48.1 %. The success rates of removing the seperated instruments located at upper1/3 of root canals,middle 1/3,1/3 apex were 100 %,51.7 % and 28.2 % respectively.The success rate for stainless steel file removal was 55.6 %;for Ni-Ti file removal was 42.2 %.The removal rate of stainless steel file and Ni-Ti file were respectively 100 % and 100 % at upper 1/3 of root canals;61.5 % and 43.8 % at middle 1/3;35.53 % and 22.7 % at1/3 apex. Conclusion:Dental operating microscope combined with ultrasonic instruments is an effective and safe method for the removal of seperated instruments in molar root canals. But there have limitations in removal rate for those seperated instruments located at apex 1/3.


The paper considers problems pertaining to higher durability and reliability of a cutting tool for cutting gastronomic products while using laser processing that leads to resistance increase of material operating surfaces against impact forces. Influence of laser fusion with additional doping on structure, microhardness, wear resistance for adhesive coatings of Fe–B–Cr–Si system has been studied in the paper. In order to solve a problem for selection of optimal qualitative and subsequently quantitative composition of a multi-component coating a mathematical modeling method using Scheffe's simplex lattices has been used in the paper. Similar tendency for measuring micro-structure of all adhesive coatings fused by laser beams has been established in the paper. Increase in beam speed has caused the following microstructure changes: cast equilibrium, dendrite, supersaturated boride, carbide and boride. Response surface models have been found and they provide the possibility to assess influence quantity of laser processing parameters on microhardness of adhesive coatings obtained by laser doping and intensity of their wear under various conditions for all investigated compositions.It has been ascertained that there is no strict correlation between hardness and intensity of coating wear after laser doping used for adhesive coatings. This testifies to the fact that hardening has taken place not only due to an increase of carbide-boride phase, but also due to matrix hardening.In addition, a regression model for coating composition effect on tribological characteristics of the adhesive coatings has revealed that an optimal composition of a multicomponent coating ensuring maximum wear resistance of coatings constitutes B4C is 2/3 and 1/3 TaB. It has been determined that hardening of the adhesive coating after laser doping while using multicomponent coating occurs not only due to increase of carbide-boridnoy phase, but also due to matrix hardening.


The Copernicus Sentinel-1A/B satellites operating at C-band in terrain observation by progressive scans (TOPS) mode bring unprecedented opportunities for measuring large-scale tectonic motions using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). Although the ionospheric effects are only about one-sixteenth of those at L-band, the measurement accuracy might still be degraded by long-wavelength signals due to the ionosphere. We implement the range split-spectrum method for correcting ionospheric effects in InSAR with C-band Sentinel-1 TOPS data. We perform InSAR time series analysis and evaluate these ionospheric effects using data acquired on both ascending (dusk-side of the Sentinel-1 dawn–dusk orbit) and descending (dawn-side) tracks over representative midlatitude and low-latitude (geomagnetic latitude) areas. We find that the ionospheric effects are very strong for data acquired at low latitudes on ascending tracks. For other cases, ionospheric effects are not strong or even negligible. The application of the range split-spectrum method, despite some implementation challenges, largely removes ionospheric effects, and thus improves the InSAR time series analysis results.


Interpretation of payloads sent by sensors is a fundamental process in the management of Internet of things (IoT) networks because it allows the extraction of the real information content, i.e. the measured values monitored by the sensors. Since there is no de facto standard in the protocols used by sensors to send their measures, the payload decoding rules depend on the type of sensors, the brand and the model. In the case of a IoT public network, such as the retePAIoT of the Emilia-Romagna region [1], which potentially can collect data from thousands of different sensors deployed throughout all the regional environment, this aspect presents a significant complexity, also due to the public nature of the service provided, intended to serve any user interested in installing sensors, without the need for any technical know-how, purposes or shared installation plans. This paper illustrates the architectural and functional model of a solution for the automatic extraction of values potentially coming from thousands of different sensors, in an unplannable context, which therefore requires a high level of flexibility, robustness and scalability.


This paper presents a survey of the profiles of strong diffuse bands based on an extensive set of high-resolution spectra acquired with the echelle spectrograph installed at the Cassegrain focus of the 2.1 m telescope of the McDonald Observatory. Only targets characterized by narrow and symmetric lines of interstellar sodium, as well as by very high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), have been selected. The surveyed diffuse interstellar bands are those at 5780, 5797, 5850, 6196, 6234, 6270, 6376, 6379, 6614, and 6660 Å. The possible modifications caused by stellar and telluric lines, as well as by Doppler splitting, are discussed together with methods of getting rid of them. The presented profiles are as free of the aforementioned contaminations as possible. The very broad features such as λ5778 and λ6177 are not discussed, as their profiles extracted from the echelle spectra are very uncertain. The λ6203/λ6205 feature is also not considered, as it is a mixture of two unresolvable diffuse bands of different origin. The very broad 6284 Å band is so contaminated with telluric features that its profile was also found to be too uncertain. The spectra are still not of high enough S/N to discuss the profiles of the numerous weak interstellar features discovered recently.


In this paper a novel image interpolation algorithm based on the reproducing kernel space W is pro- posed.Reproducing kernel developed in different disciplines has become an important tool for function approximation. The new method discretizes reproducing kernel and obtains interpolation formula with the proof of discrete integral. The advantages of the new interpolation method are the ability to keep the image edges and smoothness by model prop- erties of the reproducing kernel.Through comparisons with other algorithms it is shown that the new interpolation pro- duce higher quality,but visually it is very efficient at reducing jagged edges.


The fragmentation of tropical forests has been identified as the main reason for their biodiversity reduction. This process is extensively occurring in the Brazilian central area, where there still are insufficient information about the remaining flora and fauna of the Neotropical Savanna and Atlantic Forest ecotone. This study aimed to determine the floristic composition and the abundance of the arboreal and subarboreal components of four semideciduos forest fragments. The data indicates that the floristic richness is positively influenced by the fragment area. However, the proximity between fragments has no influence on their floristic composition. It was recorded 126 species belonging to 91 genera distributed in 43 families, with the dominance of Siparuna guianensis Aubl. in all fragments. More than half of the total number of species of the arboreal stratum was not recorded in the subarboreal stratum. In addition, the subarboreal stratum also presented exclusive species. A high number of unique species was also recorded in each fragment, which emphasizes the importance of these remnants conservation, regardless of their sizes and indicates the need to create a management plan to promote connectivity between these fragmented areas.


We first use the coherent state formalism of fuzzy space to show that the fuzziness will eliminate point-like structure of a particle in favor of smeared object, which is an exponential decay function in contrast to the Gaussian type in the Moyal noncommutative space. The exponential decay function implies that, in the UV region, the fuzziness provides an extra power-decay factor in the Feynman propagator, contrasts to the exponential-decay factor in the Moyal space. We also calculate the particle heat capacity and see that it approaches to zero at high temperature. Next, we use the found smeared source to study the Schwarzschild-like geometry and see that the black hole can reach a finite maximum temperature before cooling down to absolute zero and leave a stable remnant, as that in the noncommutative case. The properties of fuzzy 3D BTZ and the fuzzy Kaluza-Klein black holes are also discussed. Finally, we present a criterion for existence a regular black hole with a general smeared source function.


Langerhans cells (LC) represent dendritic cells (DC) within mucosal epithelium that are purported initial targets for HIV following sexual exposure to virus. Here, morphologic, phenotypic, functional and HIV infection experiments were performed using monocyte‐derived DC cultured in the presence of GM‐CSF, IL‐4 and TGF‐β1 (G4T‐DC), GM‐CSF and IL‐4 (G4‐DC), and G4T‐DC incubated for an additional 3 days with CD40 ligand (CD40L‐DC). G4T‐DC, which demonstrated characteristics of immature LC, could be productively infected by either R5‐ or X4‐HIV strains. Infection levels, however, were markedly lower than those observed in immature G4‐DC. Surprisingly, CD40L‐DC, which demonstrated features of mature LC, could be productively infected with HIV at higher levels than immature G4T‐DC. Productive HIV infection in these three DC populations correlated positively with cell surface expression of CD4, CCR5 and CXCR4. We suggest that low levels of HIV infection in LC‐like G4T‐DC indicate an inefficient mechanism by which HIV can initially infect individuals, perhaps explaining the relative difficulty in becoming infected during sexual exposure to virus. In addition, enhanced HIV infection in LC‐like G4T‐DC following CD40L treatment suggests a mechanism by which inflammatory CD40L+ T cells, if present in mucosal tissue, could lead to increased HIV transmission rates.


We find the explicit parametric equations of the flat 3-dimensional integral C-parallel submanifolds in the sphere S endowed with the deformed Sasakian structure defined by Tanno.


Density functional theory DFT(BPW91) level calculations with modified 6-31G(d) basis sets are tested for a small amide, N-methyl acetamide (NMA), as an efficient way for calculating amide I and amide II frequencies that are directly comparable to those commonly measured in solution. The calculational results are compared to experimentally measured FTIR spectra in gas and solution phases. The 6-31G(d) basis set at the DFT level yields vibrational frequencies that have the best agreement with the gas-phase experiment, as compared to amide I and II frequencies calculated with the same basis at the HF, CASSCF, MP2, QCISD, and CCD levels. The DFT(BPW91)/6-31G(d) level calculation for the NMA·3H2O hydrogen-bonded complex with an Onsager or CPCM reaction field yields amide I, II, and III frequencies comparable to the experiment in aqueous solution. The amide I and, to a smaller degree, amide II frequencies are found to be sensitive to the exponent of the d function in the basis set. Use of more diffuse (smaller ...


Sport has evolved into one of the largest industries in Australia and there is a corresponding increased interest in the factors influencing fan loyalty. This paper presents a theoretically developed conceptual model which empirically tests the relationships between fan identification, sports involvement, following sport and fan loyalty. Survey results indicate that fan identification, following sport and involvement positively influence fan loyalty, while following sport was found to mediate the involvement-fan identification relationship.


Eccrine angiomatous hamartoma (nevus) is a rare form of congenital tumorous malformation with proliferation of eccrine secretory coils and duels, surrounding capillary angiomatous channels and occasionally oilier minor elements. To date, there have been only about 24 cases reported in the literature. We report an additional case with more detailed description of the microscopic Endings, including immunohistochemical observations. The patient was a 28‐year‐old female who presented with painless, flesh to reddish brown‐colored, violaceous or bluish subcutaneous nodules on the extremities and trunk. The tumors did not show sweating following exertion. The histologic features were comparable lo the previously reported cases. The hamartomatous eccrine sweat glands and duels and a few apocrine glands demonstrated qualitatively diminished antigens commonly found in the eccrine sweat apparatuses, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and S–100 protein. The. findings of CD34, CD44, human nerve growth factor receptor and Ulex europacus antigens have not been previously reported. The histologic features suggested a "hamartomatous" growth rather than a true neoplastic process.


A recent examination of an alkylation plant deisobutanizer (DIB) illustrates design and operating considerations that should be addressed when capacity increases and efficiency improvements are desired. This sulfuric acid alkylation plant had excess feed and reaction zone capacity. The DIB was the limiting factor; specifically, the DIB reboiler duty was at its maximum and the reboiler steam-supply valves were wide open. A new alkylate Rvp specification of 5.0 psia also was constraining operation. An engineering review suggested minor design modifications and maintenance items which, when implemented, increased alkylate production capacity by more than 25%. The paper discusses DIB operation, reboiler review, superheated steam supply, fouling, improvements, and revised operation.


We have observed the C91 alpha radio recombination line toward the Orion H II region. This narrow (approximately 3-5 km per sec full width at half maximum (FWHM)) line is spatially very extended (approximately 8 arcmin or 1 pc). These charateristics compare well with the observed characteristics of the C II fine structure line at 158 microns. Thus, the C91 alpha line originates in the predominantly neutral photodissociation regions separating the H II region from the molecular cloud. We have developed theoretical models for the C II radio recombination lines from photodissociation regions. The results show that the I(C91 alpha)/I(C158) intensity ratio is a sensitive function of the temperature and density of the emitting gas. We have also extended theoretical models for photodissociation regions to include the C II recombination lines. Comparison with these models show that, in the central portion of the Orion region, the C91 alpha line originates in dense (10(exp 6) per cu cm), warm (500-1000 K) gas. Even at large projected distances (approximately 1 pc), the inferred density is still high (10(exp 5) per cu cm) and implies extremely high thermal pressures. As in the case of the (C II) 158 microns line, the large extent of the C91 alpha line shows that (FUV) photons can penetrate to large distances from the illuminating source. The decline of the intensity of the incident radiation field with distance from Theta(sup 1) C seems to be dominated by geometrical dilution, rather than dust extinction. Finally, we have used our models to calculate the intensity of the 9850 A recombination line of C II. The physical conditions inferred from this line are in good agreement with those determined from the radio recombination and the far-infrared fine-structure lines. We show that the ratio of the 9850 A to the C91 alpha lines is a very good probe of very high density clumps.


With the development of computer graphics, visualization technology, software project, hardware and software technology, the application of Visual Reality (VR) has become increasingly used. The emergence of virtual reality modeling language (VRML) makes application of VR more extended. The VR design method of industry product and environment is described, and a practical example is given in this paper. The main contents include ① environment and scene design based on VRML. A design example of street lamp is given. ② Solid modeling design of industry product. ③ 3D fractal design of virtual objects. It is realized to design basso-relievo Sierpinski tetrahedron and hollow Sierpinski tetrahedron. The system takes product, scene, texture and music into account synthetically. The implementing technology provides the foundation for virtual design of industry product. Especially, it can offer technical assurance for scheme argumentation before large-scale pipelining equipment is to go on stream. Also, it is the significance of new product development.


This chapter deals with the changes and challenges in the study and teaching of Biblical languages during recent decades. It introduces not only how traditional teaching materials-textbooks, grammatical aids and lexical tools-have been developed in the Finnish context but also how the opportunities offered by such new technologies as the Internet have made it possible to transform the teaching and study of ancient-and allegedly dead!-languages into a more student-centered and interactive learning experience. It tries to illustrate how the study of Biblical languages is an integral part of Biblical scholarship. It is now much easier to start studying Hebrew and Greek than it used to be, thanks to the improved learning material available in the native language and new experiments made to blend classroom and on-line instruction. Recent developments at University of Helsinki have blown some fresh air into the study of Biblical languages. Keywords: biblical languages; Finnish translation; Raija Sollamo; teaching


The Mo atom in the title complex, [Mo(C 12 H 21 N 2 P)(CO) 4 ], has distorted octahedral coordination geometry with a bidentate chelating bap [bap = bis(3-aminopropyl)phenylphosphine] ligand. The Mo-P and Mo-N distances are 2.4979(12) and 2.326(4)A, respectively. The Mo-C(CO) distances vary according to the nature of the trans ligand, with the Mo-CO distance trans to N [1.933 (5)A] being significantly shorter than that trans to P [1.983 (5)A], or when the CO ligands are mutually trans [2.029 (5) and 2.015 (5) A].


One of the current performances of the competition among major powers in the world is the competition of development strategy focus on the future. Therefore, in recent years, they have formulated corresponding development strategies to try to occupy the commanding heights. This article takes the recently released national development strategies of Germany and Japan as an example, combines the similar strategies formulated by major global powers in the 1980s, and sets out the comparability of the strategies of Germany and Japan, and discusses the background of the two proposals. Compared with the differences in background, trend, context, starting point, and national conditions, and conclude that any country's development strategy needs to follow the general rules of human social and the inspiration of both those two countries' strategies.


Objective: Nonadherence to adjuvant hormonal therapy among women with breast cancer increases with higher out-of-pocket costs, particularly among older women. In 2006, Medicare Part D was introduced to provide prescription drug coverage for Medicare beneficiaries, but it had a large coverage gap, also known as "donut hole." In 2011, a provision of the Affordable Care Act was implemented to slowly eliminate the coverage gap, starting with a 50% reduction in brand-name drug pricing within the coverage gap. Also in 2011, several generic aromatase inhibitor (AI) medications became newly available to patients, further lowering their prescription drug costs. We examined whether the initial donut hole closure affected use of AIs and related out-of-pocket (OOP) costs. Methods: We used a 5% sample of Medicare claims data for 2010 and 2011 (the first year of the donut hole closure) and included women ages 65 and older with a breast cancer diagnosis who filled one or more prescriptions for an AI in the first quarter of 2010 and had at least one AI fill in 2011. We used a difference-in-difference (DID) linear model to compare changes in the number of AI fills and OOP costs per fill between the standard population of individuals affected by the coverage gap to individuals who did not face the coverage gap because of low-income subsidies (LIS), adjusting for sociodemographic factors (e.g., race, age, dual status). Results: Overall, 4,054 women filled an AI prescription in the first quarter of 2010 and had one or more fills in 2011; 37.59% received LIS, and thus were unaffected by the donut hole closure in 2011. After the initial donut hole closure, non-LIS beneficiaries had more AI fills (9.53 in 2011 versus 9.04 in 2010), and lower OOP costs per fill ($33.23 vs. $93.50). Conversely, LIS recipients filled fewer AIs in 2011 compared to 2010 (9.87 vs. 10.26) and had a smaller decrease in their OOP costs per fill ($2.96 vs. $4.40). The adjusted DID model estimates that after the initial prescription coverage gap closure, non-LIS Medicare beneficiaries had an additional 1.6 AI fills and $53.32 lower OOP costs per fill compared to LIS recipients (both p Conclusion: The first year of the closure of the prescription drug coverage gap led to greater use of AIs and lower OOP costs for women with breast cancer affected by the policy. Whereas treatment nonadherence among women prescribed AIs is associated with increased risk of recurrence and mortality, findings from this analysis suggest that the donut hole closure and concurrent introduction of generic AIs to the market may increase treatment adherence and improve health outcomes for older women with breast cancer. Citation Format: Ilana Graetz, Janeane N. Anderson, Cameron M. Kaplan. The impact of the Medicare Part D donut hole closure on use and out-of-pocket costs for aromatase inhibitors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4765.


The applicability of several capacitance-voltage measurement methods is investigated for the on-wafer characterization of RF-MEMS capacitive switches. These devices combine few-picofarad capacitance with a high quality factor. The standard quasistatic and high-frequency measurements are employed, as well as the recently introduced very-low-frequency method. S11 is measured by a network analyzer to calculate the capacitance of the device from radio-frequency measurements. Significant differences are found around the pull-in and pull-out voltages.


Agenetic algorithm(GA) is used to avoid the moving obstacles based on the distance information which is detected by forward looking sonar; the moving information of AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle) and the programming track information for AUV. The algorithm uses binary coding rule, and obstacle avoidance and track tracking as constraint conditions which will affect the function of adaptation. The next course and velocity of AUV are used as the output of GA. It is shown that AUV avoids obstacles well by simulation. The route of avoiding ob- stacles and returning is smooth too.


A boy had been developing warts around the anus for the past 2 months. There was no history of genital or extragenital warts in the family members, ie, mother, father, and elder sister. Examination revealed a well-nourished baby weighing 5.7 kg, with small (2-6 mm), moist, friable warty lesions in the perianal region (Fig. 1). There was no inguinal lymphadenopathy. Proctoscopy revealed normal epithelium. No other skin or mucous membrane lesion was observed. Examination of the parents and sister did not reveal genital or extragenital warts. Blood VDRL was nonreactive in the infant, mother, and father. Histopathologic findings were compatible with the diagnosis of warts. After applications of 20% podophyllum, the warts disappeared completely in about 3 weeks.


After a 2-wk depletion period, 24 volunteers, divided into 3 groups, ingested 5 mg/d lycopene for 4-wk from 5 capsules containing tomato oleoresin or synthetic lycopene. Plasma samples were analyzed on carotenoids using C 18 HPLC with diode array detection. Basal lycopene levels (0.19 to 0.31 μmol/L) in plasma of the 3 groups were in a comparable range (p > 0.05) and significantly decreased after the 2-wk diet low in lycopene to 21 to 52 % of the basal values. Four out of 5 investigated capsules significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the plasma lycopene levels relative to the depleted state after 1 wk of supplementation to 0.20 to 0.27 μmo/L. Increasing the surface of lycopene crystals by reducing the particle size was the most effective processing step to enhance intestinal absorption of lycopene. However, presence of tomato oil in in oleoresin and partly removal of selective fatty acids affected the intestinal absorption of lycopene too.


The following definition of learning analytics was used in the call for papers of the First International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK 2011) and subsequently adopted by the Society for Learning Analytics (LA) Research: "the measurement, collection, analysis and reporting of data about learners and their contexts, for purposes of understanding and optimizing learning and the environments in which it occurs." However, the definition used by the late Erik Duval—"Learning Analytics is about collecting traces that learners leave behind and using those traces to improve learning"—is not only more simple and succinct but also makes clear the goal "to improve learning" while leaving open the kind of traces to be collected and how these traces are to be used to improve learning [1]. Big data and online learning have been among the main drivers pushing forward the field of LA. As with work being done in other disciplines, LA in computing education is closely intertwined with the sister field of educational data mining (EDM), with the latter focused more on the technical challenges of extracting meaning from data using data-driven techniques. Although EDM and LA have some foundational differences, the research in EDM and LA shares considerable overlap, and both communities are working toward the common goal of benefiting education and learners [2]. It appears that this is especially so in computing education, as evidenced in the collection of articles in this first volume of The Special issue on Learning Analytics in Computing Education. The challenges and research questions are manifold: What background knowledge should students be assumed to have? How can we go about improving student retention? How do novices approach programming and debugging? How can we develop cognitive models of student programming knowledge? How can we evaluate novice programming environments? Do the attempts students make to solve an online programming exercise (or assignment) during the semester relate to their performance on final exam questions? Do assignments differentiate students who have mastered concepts from those who are still developing them? What factors get in the way of students' ability to demonstrate their knowledge?


We introduce insertion domains that support the placement of new, higher, vertices into finite trees. We prove that every nonincreasing insertion domain has an element with simple structural properties in the style of classical Ramsey theory. This result is proved using standard large cardinal axioms that go well beyond the usual axioms for mathematics. We also establish that this result cannot be proved without these large cardinal axioms. We also introduce insertion rules that specify the placement of new, higher, vertices into finite trees. We prove that every insertion rule greedily generates a tree with these same structural properties; and every decreasing insertion rule generates (or admits) a tree with these same structural properties. It is also necessary and sufficient to use the same large cardinals (in the precise sense of Corollary D.25). The results suggest new areas of research in discrete mathematics called "Ramsey tree theory" and "greedy Ramsey theory" which demonstrably require more than the usual axioms for mathematics.


Abstract Background Lung involvement in AL amyloidosis is not very common, but post-mortem data and retrospective studies suggest it is likely underrecognized. Aim To perform a comprehensive evaluation of lung function with pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis. Methods A prospective, non-interventional study of 139 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis. Results PFTs indicated normal breathing physiology in 68% of patients, obstructive in 9% and restrictive in 23%; the latter was associated with worse survival (28.6 vs 76 months for obstructive/normal physiology, p = 0.002) and remained significant after adjustment for Mayo stage and abnormal chest-CT. Forced vital capacity <80% of predicted value, forced expiratory volume <80% of predicted value, and carbon monoxide diffusion capacity <70% were independently associated with poorer survival. Respiratory muscle strength (as assessed by maximal expiratory (Pe) and inspiratory (Pi) pressure) was affected in most patients (64% had Pi < 55% and 57% had Pe < 70% of predicted values). Pe% was an independent prognostic factor for survival (HR: 0.984 per 1% unit increase, p = 0.007). Conclusions Pulmonary dysfunction, as assessed with PFTs, is common and underrecognized in patients with systemic AL amyloidosis, with significant prognostic and potentially therapeutic implications, independent of the degree of cardiac dysfunction or chest-CT findings.


We studied the existence and uniqueness of solutions of the following two kinds of nonlinear matrix equations , and , and the convergence of the matrix sequences {Xi } recursively defined by and where for k −1 and are initial positive definite matrices.


Background: Cervical cancer is integral to any cancer control program in India because of the disease burden. Quick diagnosis plays a crucial role in limited resource areas. Hence, cost-effective and eco-friendly staining procedures with less time consumption help screening for cervical cancer cytodiagnosis. Thus, we wanted to assess the superiority of staining of smears by REAP (Rapid Economical Acetic acid Papanicolaou) technique and the newer EnviroPap (Environmental Papanicolaou) technique compared to conventional Pap technique on cervical smears.
Methods: From each patient, three smears were prepared, one with routine conventional method, one with REAP stain, and another with EnviroPap stain and quality parameters were noted. The chi-square test assessed differences in categorical variables between stains; a p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Statistical analysis used was the Chi-square test, and p value of <0.05 using a two-tailed test was taken as being significant for all statistical tests.
Results: REAP and Enviropap stained smears showed excellent nuclear and cytoplasmic details compared to conventional Pap staining protocol.
Conclusions: REAP and EnviroPap staining protocols for those two techniques were simpler, easier, and cost-effective, which took minimal turnaround time for assessing pap smears at a large scale.


New indices characterizing an article in its ego citation network are introduced. Among these we especially mention the outgrow index. Although algebraic aspects are emphasized, a first step towards their interpretation is


The crucial topic is using carbon nanotubes in composites or in the form of randomly entangled carbon nanotubes network. The properties of these structures, mainly their sensitivity to pressing and bending, or organic vapors detection, are explored further in this work. One important step is the preparation of the membrane by electrospinning technology. This membrane is used for creating the network from entangled carbon nanotubes by filtration. In this way, a composite with active layer on the surface is prepared. The next step is the modification the surface of carbon nanotubes to make them more sensitive. Suitable methods are for example chemical oxidation or polymer wrapping of carbon nanotubes.


The article is about how people use narratives to make meaning from their experiences when tackling the impact on their lives and the consequences of mental health problems. It also goes into recovery and how recovery involves the development of new meaning and purpose in one's life. The article describes how 'man' is involved in a constant interaction with his environment, adapting himself as well as possible to that environment in order to upkeep his own biological system. Using his cognitive capacities a person can make an internal representation of reality that also encompasses how one relates to reality. It is argued that there is a need for a story about oneself and one's relationship with the world that represents one's intentions, goals and values in a credible way. The article describes how nurses can respond to service users' narrative. We will argue that visualization of someone's narrative contributes to a shared narrative and will stimulate further reflection on the things that are important in life. ISSN 2639-0612 Psychol Psychother Res Stud 2/7 How to cite this article: Jan Sitvast. Narrative and Meaning of Life: How Mental Health Nurses can Respond. Med Surg Ophthal Res.1(1). PPRS.000503.2018. DOI: 10.31031/PPRS.2018.01.000503 Volume 1 Issue 1 Copyright © Jan Sitvast Recovery can be defined as "a deeply personal, unique process of changing one's attitudes, values, feelings, goals, skills and/or roles. It is a way of living a satisfying, hopeful, and contributing life even with limitations caused by the illness. Recovery involves the development of new meaning and purpose in one's life as one grows beyond the catastrophic effects of mental illness" [2]. This definition focuses on how the person gives meaning to experiences in daily life and the values, goals, skills and roles that go with them. The focus is on self-reliance and in its wake self-management, directing one's own recovery and being active participants in the process of shared decision making. When it comes to selfreliance and self-management, it is important to distinguish different domains of recovery: functional recovery, which stands for mastering again psychological, social and physical functions; clinical recovery, that is ultimately the remission of disease symptoms; social recovery, representing the taking up of old and new roles again and personal recovery concerning the identity and self-image [3]. When we turn to clinical and functional recovery then the clinical relevance of 'meaning in life' is evident. A growing number of studies demonstrated lower levels of psychopathology and better response to therapy [4], as well as lower levels of fear, anxiety and depression [5,6], less suicidal ideation [7], and a positive impact on posttraumatic stress and less experiential avoidance when a person is able to give meaning to life [8]. By drawing on their sense of life's meaning, Triplett et al [9] suggest, people cope better with traumatic life events. The relevance of the process of meaningmaking for social recovery has been demonstrated in many studies, for instance on psychiatric stigma [10,11]. These findings illustrate the broader relevance of the process of meaning-giving in recovery, but in this article we will focus on personal recovery, as this domain is considered by authors and service users alike as most important and also the culmination of recovery in the other domains [12]. We will reflect on how people use narratives to make meaning from their experiences when tackling the impact on their lives and the consequences of mental health problems [13-17].


The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the erosion rates generated by two types of hand tools for small-scale tillage on a hillslope, using experimental tests and the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). The hand tools evaluated were a conventional hoe and a redesigned furrowing hoe. The experimental work was conducted in a 145 m2
plot with an average slope of 45% in Colombia. Three treatments were evaluated: a) Zero tillage and no herbicide (control); b) tillage with a conventional hoe plus herbicide; c) tillage with a furrowing hoe plus herbicide. Each treatment was represented by a sedimentation plot, using three repetitions in blocks (lower, middle, and upper parts of each plot), according to the maximum slope gradient. Both hand tillage tools generated high to extremely high erosion rates with differences of up to 8.1 times between them. Both types of tools accelerated soil erosion rates, being higher in furrowing hoe tillage. The USLE method showed no differences in erosion rates between the tillage methods, while differences were found in the experimental tests. This is explained by the lower sensitivity of the USLE to detect small-scale changes in factors such as soil type, cover, and slope.


Current thinking on thermal stimuli and dentinal sensitivity are reviewed in this manuscript. There are two schools of thought: 1) following the Hydrodynamic Theory, thermal stimuli evoke dentinal sensitivity by changing physical properties of the dentin, namely, tubular radius and dentinal fluid viscosity, and 2) thermal stimuli evoke dentinal stimuli by altering physiological properties of the pulp, namely, pulpal microcirculation, which in turn causes excitation of pulpal sensory nerves by an increased tissue pressure.


The propagation of waves in a string for the case of timevarying length is a problem of one-dimensional wave propagation with moving boundary conditions. Confronted with the difficulty of finding an exact analytical method in order to solve such a problem, scientists and engineers have relied on numerical and approximate analytical methods. For simple cases, there are specific methods. However, more general mathematical methods are used for analytically solving such problems. These methods lead to the solutions of the functional or integro-differential equations. The method of separation of variables used by Tadashi Kotera leads to a complex solution. Such solutions are very cumbersome and complex. Recently, Y. M. Ram and J. Caldwell introduced a new method the method of distorted images. This method ! remains limited and does not take into account the energy of the system. However, these methods do not allow the deduction and the understanding of the physical phenomena. More recently, Stefan Kaczmarczyk and Wieslaw Ostachowicz used the method of multiple scales to study the longitudinal dynamics of hoisting cables and to predict the responses near the resonance region. Nicolas Gonzales studied the stability of the energy of the wave equation for periodic motion. The method used in this paper is an exact analytical method based on analytical functions and conformal transformations. It has been developed for solving a large class of systems with non-stationary dimensions. The main advantage of this method is that it gives the exact solution for all motions (parabolic, hyperbolic, etc.). The other advantages are the easy application, the exact formulation of the energy ratio, and the possibility of deducing the energy. By means of the method cited above, we have determined the exact solution of our problem, the modes, the energy ratio, the energy and discussed the results obtained. 2. SUMMARY OF L. GAFFOUR METHOD


The invention discloses an astragalus polysaccharide extraction method, comprising the following steps: adding ethanol to soak astragalus root powder; adding water to carry out thermal extraction; carrying out the enzymolysis of filter cakes and enzyme destruction; concentrating extract, depositing the extract with ethanol, drying the extract and the like. Compared with the traditional method, by using ethanol solution as strippant, taking water as extraction solvent, and adopting desorbing-internal boiling method, the method provided by the invention has significant improvement in extraction speed and extraction ratio, keeps the activity of the astragalus polysaccharide, and has the advantages of short time consumption, high extraction rate, less impurity and low energy consumption in the extraction process, therefore, the method is a green, safe and efficient . The method is also suitable to the extraction and the preparation of other plant-derived medicine polysaccharide.


Design and evaluation of building during earthquake is moved to be a performance based one. For the performance based design, behaviors of buildings are clarified more precisely based on data of earthquake motion observation. But in general buildings, the earthquake motion observation is not popular, especially, for purpose of soil structure interaction (SSI). Under a few points of accelerometers, a detailed analysis for SSI phenomena is not easy and many assumptions are needed. Here, the SSI effects of building are investigated based on a microtremor measurement. The instruments were set in the building and on the ground to evaluate the sway, rocking and torsional vibrations. The building is 7-storied residential one with flamed structure in longitudinal direction and precast walled structure in transverse direction. Through transfer functions of buildings, predominant frequencies under sway, rocking mode and those of basedfixed condition are calculated. The SSI effect is remarkable in transverse direction due to predominant rocking mode. Also based on the random decrement technique, the damping factor of buildings is obtained. It is founded that the damping factors are around 5 to 6% under the microtremor level.


Fused Deposition Modelling has been used to produce a small, single wire, Iarocci-style drift tube to demonstrate the feasibility of using the Additive Manufacturing technique to produce cheap detectors, quickly. Recent technological developments have extended the scope of Additive Manufacturing, or 3D printing, to the possibility of fabricating Gaseous Radiation Detectors, such as Single Wire Proportional Counters and Time Projection Chambers. 3D printing could allow for the production of customisable, modular detectors; that can be easily created and replaced and the possibility of printing detectors on-site in remote locations and even for outreach within schools.The 3D printed drift tube was printed using Polylactic acid to produce a gas volume in the shape of an inverted triangular prism; base length of 28 mm, height 24.25 mm and tube length 145 mm. A stainless steel anode wire was placed in the centre of the tube, mid-print. P5 gas (95% Argon, 5% Methane) was used as the drift gas and a circuit was built to capacitively decouple signals from the high voltage. The signal rate and average pulse height of cosmic ray muons were measured over a range of bias voltages to characterise and prove correct operation of the printed detector.


Abstract This article describes representative single-subject research designs and related statistical procedures for counselors to study the effects of interventions in their own groups.


[Objective] To study the water purification effect of floating raft cultivated Alligator alternanthera on breeding wastewater.[Method] Floating raft cultivated Alligator alternanthera was placed in pond with breeding wastewater.The water temperature,chemical oxygen demand(COD),pH,ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen and total phosphorus of the waste water were determined before and during the test.[Result] Alligator alternanthera had relatively high water purification efficiency in that the final transparency rose by 62.1%,chemical oxygen demand,ammonia,total phosphorus and total nitrogen decreased by 50.6%(P0.05),48.1%(P0.05),57.9%(P0.05) and 68.3%(P0.05)respectively.[Conclusion] Floating raft cultivated Alligator alternanthera is good for the purification of breeding wastewater.


Background: The incidence of central nervous system (CNS) involvement is rare ranging from 0 to 6% in patients with extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type. A few studies have suggested that CNS prophylaxis should be considered in the high PINK group, but it is unclear because of relatively small numbers of patients. However, non-anthracycline-based chemotherapy with L-asparaginase improved the survival outcome, and the frequency of CNS relapse is expected to increase. Therefore, we aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors for CNS relapse and to evaluate the need for CNS prophylaxis with high-dose methotrexate (HD MTX) regimens.
 Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed 399 patients who had diagnosed with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, and received non-anthracycline based chemotherapy from January 2000 to January 2019 at multicenter in Korea. The CNS relapse was defined as a brain parenchymal or leptomeningeal involvement confirmed either by MRI or CSF study during chemotherapy or follow-up period. For subgroup analysis, we used the prognostic index of natural killer lymphoma (PINK), and the prognostic index of natural killer lymphoma with Epstein-Barr virus DNA (PINK-E), which includes age, Ann Arbor stage, lymph node involvement, and EBV DNA. Patients were divided into two groups, according to whether the chemotherapy regimen included HD-MTX.
 Results: Twenty-seven patients (6.8%, 27/399) experienced CNS relapse during chemotherapy or follow-up period. The median overall survival of all patients was 93.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 72.53-114.95], and the median time to CNS relapse of 27 patients was 10.1 months (range 0.0-42.0). The clinical variables associated with CNS relapse were BM involvement (HR 4.026, p=0.002), extranodal involvement≥2 (HR 8.198, p<0.001), EBV DNA (HR 3.90, p=0.013), Ann Arbor stage III/IV (HR 9.397, p<0.001), PINK [intermediate (HR 4.700, p=0.009), high (HR 9.554, p<0.001)], and PINK-E [intermediate (HR 6.032, p=0.001), high (HR 6.775, p<0.001)]. In multivariate analysis, PINK was the powerful predictor of CNS relapse (HR 3.486, p=0.019). The cumulative incidence of CNS relapse was significantly different between groups of Ann Arbor stage (p<0.001), PINK (p=0.004), or PINK-E (p=0.002). The incidence of CNS relapse in patients with/without HD-MTX regimens was six patients (6/101, 5.9%) and 21 patients (21/298, 7.0%). Although there was no significant difference between both treatment groups in all patients, the patients who received chemotherapy with HD MTX regimens had a lower incidence of CNS relapse than those who received other regimens in Ann Arbor stage III/IV (p=0.033).
 Conclusions: We demonstrate the strong predictability of PINK and PINK-E for CNS relapse in patients with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type. HD MTX regimens reduced the incidence of CNS relapse in Ann Arbor stage III/IV groups, and CNS prophylaxis should be considered for these patients.

 Kim: F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Research Funding; Celltrion: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Donga: Research Funding; Kyowa-Kirin: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; J + J: Research Funding.


Abstract The Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority policy on permitting ova provision for research purposes breaches good regulatory practice in being inconsistent, unaccountable and untargeted. This article will illustrate how these breaches have resulted in a policy which is unfair to ova providers who wish to contribute to stem cell research and undermines the intentions behind the policy's very inception. (This article is based on a paper entitled Appropriate Recompense for Oocytes in Stem Cell Research presented at the Stem Cells: Hope or Hype debate, North West Genetics Knowledge Park, Manchester in May 2007.)


To investgate the expression pattern of histone acetyltransferase 1(HAT1) in bovine oocyte and preimplantation embryo,we detected the mRNA level of HAT1 gene using real-time reverse transcription PCR technique.The results showed that the relative expression levels of HAT1 gene in bovine germinal vesicle oocytes,metaphase Ⅱ oocytes,and in vitro fertilisation(IVF) embryos of 2~4 cells,8~16 cells,morula and blastocyst were 1.00,0.56,0.09,0.55,0.43 and 0.31,respectively.And the parthenogenetic embryos in 2~4 cells,8~16 cells,morula and blastocyst stages were 0.55,0.55,0.48 and 0.46,respectively.The highest expression level of HAT1 was in the GV oocytes,and the lowest expression level in 2~4 cells of IVF embryos(P0.05).In conclusion,the HAT1 expresses through out the maturation of oocytes and preimplantation embyros development,and was highest expressing in GV oocytes.In PA embryos,the relative expression levels of mRNA was stable.


We have tested the developed Korean tilting train in main exisiting commercial line for speed-up on cuve section to achive reduction effects of running time . We have conducted a trial run test to speed-up 30km/h on curves in Gyeongbu line successfully.. Normal current train have been operated 110km/h in 600m radius. Yet, tilting train was tested 135km/h(maximum operation line speed) in same sections. We confirmed that the dynamic runing stability of train was safety by regarding wheel load and lateral force.


Asian Australian engagement is a way of talking about the relationships that governments, collectives and individuals conduct between Australia and Asia. It accounts for these relationships by emphasising their geopolitical context and acknowledges that these relationships are framed by shared and divergent experiences and understandings of culture.


The species identification is usually an obstacle for conservation studies and management. Sapindaceae species are particularly difficult to identify partially due to inconsistent fruit production which is an important feature in defining genera and species. Because of this difficulty of finding fertile material at particular times of the year, the main focus of this study was to identify species of Sapindaceae in northwestern Sao Paulo and to produce an identification key based on vegetative morphology such as the form and number of leaflets, the number of vascular cylinders in branches to the species of liana, the presence or absence of domatia, and type of indumentum, among others. In this study, researchers identified species of Sapindaceae present in 18 fragments of native vegetation in the region that includes the Turvo Grande, Sao Jose dos Dourados, parts of the Low Pardo, Low Tiete and Tiete-Batalha Hydric Resources Management Unit (UGHRIs). An identification key was developed based on herbarium materials and contained 23 species distributed in 11 genera.


As technological advances move from the lab to the marketplace, and as companies form to pursue commercial applications, we see a number of similarities in how and why they are being developed—and a powerful ecosystem is taking shape to drive their development. We witnessed the power of that ecosystem in the year just ended, as Moderna and the team of BioNTech and Pfizer separately took two COVID-19 vaccines from genomic sequence to market in less than a year. Although these companies did remarkable work at unheard-of speed, they benefited from the work of many others, including governments, academia, venture capital, and big business. All of these are critical players in the coming wave. This article looks at how the great wave in deep tech is taking shape. Subsequent articles will examine how the revolution in nature co-design is taking shape and how the funding of emerging technologies will underpin their future. Along the way, we will answer some key questions:


Abstract The purpose of this project is to manufacture a cheap and simple slip sensor. The slip sensor is based on the optical sensor. The experiment divides into two parts, how to build sensor and how to test the features of the sensor. The slip sensor could be divided into three parts, cover, optical sensor and adaptor board, which will connect to the suitable resistors circuit to obtain the large gain. During the test, the participant applies the static state way to measure the relationship between input and output with a white cover and a gray cover. The slip sensor with the white cover has low hysteresis and high repeatability which are better than the gray cover.


In this paper we report direct measurements of carrier recombination at 1.58 µm via time-correlated single photon counting using a Ge single-photon avalanche photodiode with time resolution of 300 ps. Under high optical excitation, this provides a means for assessing the contribution of Auger processes. These are believed to play a role in the high temperature sensitivity of 1.5 µm lasers although to what extent remains unclear. The strained (1% compressive) and unstrained samples mimicked our laser structures (four and 5 30 Å InGaAs quantum wells with 150 Å InGaAsP barriers lattice matched to InP) but were nominally undoped throughout (background~5 × 1015 cm−3,n-type) Fits to the data were calculated using the initial photogenerated earner density (Δn(t=0)) and Auger coefficient (CA) as fitting parameters and included radiative, extrinsic non-radiative and Auger recombination. For example, fitting the room temperature photoluminescence decay for a strained sample gave CA= 1.0 × 10−28 cm6 s−1 and Δn(t=0) = 3.5 ×1017 cm−3, typical of the sample set. At this initial carrier density, Auger accounts for 13% of the total recombination. Fit quality is degraded if Auger recombination is omitted. This value for CA is greater than previously measured (1.3 × 10-29 cm6 s-1 [1]), and has important implications for laser operation. In order to explore the relation between the time-resolved photoluminescence results (TRPL) and the laser devices in more detail, we have studied lasers with similar layer structures to the time-resolved photoluminescence samples and cavity lengths the range 300- 1160 µm. The temperature dependence of the threshold current shows two distinct regions; for T=230-340K threshold current increases exponentially with temperature, whilst above 340K it increases super-exponentially. By comparing these results with the TRPL studies as a function of temperature we are able to assess the relative contribution of Auger recombination in these samples.


Recent development of high resolution, full-color, full parallax digital holograms are outlined, focusing on a variety of scale-sensitive applications for this technology. This paper details recent improvements in the digital hologram resolution and recording system. The unique capabilities of digital holograms to provide solutions for a variety of applications, and some specific concepts that are being explored, are also outlined.


Blazed and slanted gratings present particularly interesting optical properties in that they can diffract light predominantly into one side of the diffraction plane (m≤0 or m≥0). This is useful in a variety of applications, especially for AR display combiners, where slanted gratings are commonly used to improve efficiency to the eyebox. Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) has been explored as a route to mass manufacture AR waveguides with slanted structures. However, NIL presents several challenges associated with the process of molding and releasing angled features in a high refractive-index, functional material.
In this paper we report a series of breakthroughs achieved at Facebook Reality Labs (FRL) that enable replication of gratings with a slant angle up to 60° and an aspect ratio of 10:1 in a material with refractive index higher than 1.90. To the best of our knowledge, these results are the first public demonstration of highly-slanted gratings imprinted in such a RI material.


Structural modification of ternary aluminium – zinc – coper alloys influences their wear properties. In a series of studies, Al – 30 wt. % Zn – 3 wt. % Cu alloy (Al-30Zn-3Cu) has been doped with 1 wt.% Mn introduced with AlMn-based master alloys. The alloy microstructure and mechanical properties have been studied using light and SEM/EBSD microscopy, and measurements of wear resistance and dimensional changes. Reducing Cu content to 3 wt.% and doping with 1 wt.% Mn allows obtaining alloy of significantly refined grains, improved wear resistance and preserved high dimensional stability.


The invention provides a fixing and sealing device and an auxiliary delivering device of a degradable high molecular reticulated sacculus. A sacculus fixing inner sleeve and a sacculus fixing outer sleeve are used for fixing the tail end of the sacculus, a sacculus delivering device and the sacculus fixing outer sleeve are combined together by threads to push the sacculus into an injured vertebrae, the front end of a push rod is provided with a crossed screwdriver head, the crossed screwdriver head is combined with a thread bolt, and then the thread bolt is delivered to be combined into the sacculus fixing inner sleeve to seal the sacculus. The fixing and sealing device and the auxiliary delivering device have the advantages that the manufacture is simple, the weight is light, the operation is convenient, and the fixing and sealing device and the auxiliary delivering device are matched with the degradable high molecular reticulated sacculus and other hollow implants needing to be sealed.


Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among females in the developing world.[1] The South African (SA) incidence of breast cancer is 22.2% of all cancers, with 29.99 adjusted cases per 10 000 per year.[2] The most recent statistics, from 2012, demonstrated that 9 815 women were diagnosed with breast cancer, and 3 848 died from the disease.[3] Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of nonAIDS-defining cancer in HIV-positive women.[4] The total number of persons living with HIV in SA increased from an estimated 4.25 million in 2002 to 7.52 million by 2018. In 2018, an estimated 13.1% of the total population, and approximately one-fifth of women of reproductive age (15 49 years), were HIV-positive.[5] According to UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/ AIDS) data for 2017, 51% of people living with HIV/AIDS globally were female.[6] The 2017 South African National HIV Prevalence, Incidence and Behaviour Survey[7] revealed that, based on point estimates, the overall HIV peak prevalence was 31.5% in 35 39-yearolds, but differed by gender (females at 39.4% and males at 23.7%) and peaked at an older age among males (45 49 years) compared with females (35 39 years). HIV-infected individuals are at an increased risk of developing non-AIDS-defining cancers.[8] Despite extensive research in the field of HIV, data on breast cancer incidence, stage at presentation, response to treatment, prognosis, survival, mammographic patterns, histological subtypes and the role of screening in this patient population are limited. In a study of breast cancer characteristics and HIV in 1 092 women in Soweto, SA, one-third of patients aged <50 years were HIVpositive. These findings highlight the need for HIV testing of breast cancer patients, especially young patients, in HIV-endemic populations.[9] In a study between the years 1998 and 2007 by Pantanowitz et al.,[10] the median age of HIV-positive patients with breast cancer was 45 years, and most carcinomas were high-grade cancers. In the present study, we hypothesised that specific mammographic features develop early in the pathogenesis of breast cancer in HIVpositive women. We further postulated that in HIV-positive women who develop breast cancer, the process initially begins as a high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (HGDCIS). These HIV-positive women are not generally included in screening programmes owing to their young age, so the occult pre-invasive disease is not detected and progresses to an invasive carcinoma. Our hypothesis is that HIV may be associated with HGDCIS, which is known to proceed to invasive breast cancer within 5 years if untreated.


We present and discuss several of the benefits associated with using chip-scale optical interconnects in reconfigurable computing systems. As is well known, by removing metallic traces in high-speed systems, many signal integrity issues are reduced, or eliminated, e.g., parasitic capacitance and inductance associated self-induced affects and trace overlay. In addition, photonic systems can require less power and offer higher efficiency, thereby, giving rise to reduced thermal energy dissipation. However, at least in the case of reconfigurable processors there are several additional advantages. A case in point is that of field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), which is a technology that has been plagued by interconnect limitations. To address this, we have developed an interconnect network that will enable fully reconfigurable processors, or FPGAs. Our approach is based on a photonic crystal cross-bar switch that enables complete interconnectivity over large computational-block arrays. Perhaps one of the most attractive benefits of our approach is that it alleviates the need to perform place and route during processor layout. As such, our approach may allow for reconfigurable processors consisting of a higher density of computing-blocks along with a faster interconnect medium. Accordingly, this talk will present numerical studies, design and fabrication of various implementations of candidate photonic crystal devices for reconfigurable optically interconnected chip-scale networks.


The following work, as a contribution to the historical phraseology of Spanish, deals with the prepositional locutional structure that is most frequently attested in medieval records. The relevance of the «preposition + noun + preposition» structure in the prepositional locutional system of medieval Spanish is undeniable and its analysis facilitates an understanding of the historical process by which some early locutional combinations became prepositional locutions in use today. This study looks at extracts from the first chapters of the second tome of the Primera Cronica General de Alfonso x (Estoria de Espanna), dating from the 13th century, and compares them to extracts from later chapters of the same work dating from well into the 14th century. The study of the process in question demonstrates, on the one hand, that the examples taken from the 13th century are not yet strongly fixed, and, on the other, that many cases can be considered by this stage in medieval Spanish to be prepositional locutions due to their evident lack of concreteness – as they develop abstract or notional meaning –, the great cohesion of their parts, and a high degree of fixation, such as a cabo de, a la cabeza de, a guisa de, a honra de, al pie de, a salud de, en lugar de, en medio de, por medio de, en poder de, en servicio de, en loor de, con ayuda de, por la gracia de, de parte de, a diferencia de … Other cases are yet in the process of abstraction (por amor de …), with an intermediate degree of grammaticalization and greater variability.


"Aesthetics of Environmental Ethics"means that nature should be at the core and people should respect the objective value of nature,namely,ethics of following nature. "Aesthetics of Environmental Ethics"can be used to explore the positive effect of nature,and aesthetics of environmental ethics about living is about the exploration of how to return to the tenet of enjoying mountains and water,namely,people and nature in a harmonious one.


This paper analyses the necessity of carrying out the order-based cultivating mode in higher vocational colleges.In addition,through a comparison of the cultivating modes in Tianjin Sino-Germany Vocational Technical College and Jiangsu Institute of Economic Trade Technology,some problems are found and the corresponding solutions are proposed in order to improve the mode.


To reduce dependence on oil and emission of greenhouse gases, hydrogen is favored as an energy carrier for the near future. Hydrogen can be converted to electrical energy utilizing fuel cells and turbines. One way to produce hydrogen is to gasify coal which is abundant in the U.S. The coal gasification produces syngas from which hydrogen is then separated. Designing metallic alloys for hydrogen separation membranes which will work in a syngas environment poses significant challenges. In this presentation, a review of technical targets, metallic membrane development activities at NETL and challenges that are facing the development of new technologies will be given.


In Liupiye gold mining area, the sulfide altered gold deposit shows high apparent chargeability η_(s), high apparent resistivity ρ_(s ), high soil geochemical prospecting Au and low magnetic "three high and one low" comprehensive anomaly. The four parameters are effective indications for prospecting in this study area. Using these indications for prospecting, the satisfied geologic result was obtained.


SUNNY DAY REAL ESTATE performing their song "Every Shining Time You Arrive" live on November 10th, 1998 at Ziggy's, Winston-Salem, NC. Video ...


An error-resilient video coding scheme using multiple description coding (MDC) is presented. MDC is an effective approach to combat packet losses in the Internet and wireless networks. This proposed scheme employs multiple description lattice vector quantization with channel optimization (MDLVQ-CO). MDLVQ-CO introduces two translated lattices for side descriptions to reduce the distortion for high-loss erasure channels. The central codebook is locally optimized according to channel erasure statistics. Simulation results show that this coder achieves both higher PSNR and better perceptual quality and it can easily adapt to the varying channel conditions.


The reactions of protected serine- and threonine-derived γ-(mesyloxy) α,β-unsaturated esters with various magnesio organocyanocopper Lewis acid complexes have been investigated. The formation of syn-S N 2' products in addition to the normally expected anti-S N 2'products is taken as an indication that the reaction proceeds by a mechanism involving coordination of the magnesiocuprate with the C(δ)-N:C(γ)-O syn-γ-(mesyloxy) α,β-enoates


This letter reports rehydration of 7 infants by an oral solution similar to the UNICEF formulation. This solution contained: sodium chloride (3.5 gm) sodium bicarbonate (2.5 gm) potassium chloride (1.5 gm) and glucose (20 gm) dissolved in 1 liter of potable water. When admitted 2 patients were hypernatremic and 5 had normal sodium levels. All children were well-nourished. They were given the oral glucose-electrolyte solution at admission and in all cases treatment had to be interrupted after a mean period of 41+ or -9 hours due to high levels of potassium in 6 cases and aggravation of preexisting hypernatremia in the other. Average oral volume was 140 ml/kg. It is recommended that well-nourished children be given the UNICEF oral therapy formulation for no more than 24 hours since potassium loading seems probable.


This article intends to highlight the importance of the psychotherapeutic relationship and the way with which it is viewed by the Existential-Humanistic approach to psychotherapy and counseling. The introduction includes a brief overview of the various existential approaches and the common way with which they all view therapy. The article continues by relating the basic premises of the Existential-Humanistic approach as well as its understanding of human beings and of the process of psychotherapy. Furthermore, the factors that contribute to the establishment of the psychotherapeutic relationship are being analyzed. The Existential-Humanistic approach to psychotherapy gives emphasis to the value of a true dialogue between two human beings who are there serving the interests of the one. In order for the therapeutic relationship to be effective there needs to be a clear framework that helps the members feel safe. In this "sanctuary" the two individuals have an "I-Thou" encounter. The "presence" of both parties serves as the catalyst for change through this mutual and honest way of relating.


As a new term of education posed in the late 20th century,"global civil education" now is very popular.Studying on the generation and development of the idea "global civil education" has provided an important education approach for countries to solve global problems effectively.Making a thorough inquiry about the idea and its connotation,is very important for the development of civil education in every country.


The aim of the paper is to demonstrate that the current Iranian regime is no novelty in Iranian history and political thinking, but has two antecedents: the rule of the Sasanians in late Antiquity (3rd–7th centuries) and that of the Safavids (16th–18th centuries) in modern times. After a brief outline of relevant historical events the paper scrutinizes the common features of these three regimes. The comparison includes the analyses of foreign policy, its scope, aim and direction, cultural policy and the relevance of political ideologies, socio-economic policy, religious policy, political structure and mechanisms of decision-making. The results of the comparison are visualized in a table pointing out numerous similarities and remarkable common features throughout the centuries.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on gastric motility of rats with diabetic gastroparesis.METHODS The rats were given intervention to make the rat diabetic model.The rate of stomach remain and contractive function of gastral tissue in vitro of all rats were measured.The malondialdelyde content and superoxide dismutase activity were measured respectively by TBA colorimetric method and Xanthine oxidase method.RESULTS The effect of extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi promoted the gastric emptying.The rates of remained contents in the rat stomaches in extracts group was lower than that of the model group(P0.05).The resting contractive amplitude of extracts group was higher than that of the model group(P0.05).The content of MDA in extracts group was lower than that of model group(P0.05).The activity of SOD in extracts group was obviously higher than that of the model group(P0.05).CONCLUSION The extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi had the function of promoting the recovery of DGP.


We find that microcrystalline orientation has a strong effect on the optical properties of evaporated thin films. And, we observed the surface structure of thin-films by using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The reflective intensities of attenuated total reflection curves for tin-phthalocyanine (SnPc) layer thin-films and Al thin-films were shown. Based on these results, correlations between the electric field induced by surface plasmon resonance and fabrication conditions (for example, molecular alignments, thickness, molecular size) were studied from the applied point of view as a photoelectric conversion cell. Three-layer cells that were formed from three kinds of materials (gold, SnPc and aluminum) were fabricated to investigate the photoelectric conversion efficiency. The most suitable thickness in each layer must be decided to enhance the optical properties of SnPc and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of three-layer sandwich solar cells.


There is great research interest in synthesizing nanomaterials using environmentally friendly methods due to the many applications of these materials in several fields. In this paper, a facile and green chemistry method was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the Egyptian propolis as reducing and capping agent. Different parameters such as aqueous propolis extract quantity, pH, reaction time


A visual secret sharing (VSS) scheme is an image encryption technique for the secure transmission of multimedia visual information. A VSS divides the secret into a number of image shares. The shares are distributed to the participants either as meaningless or meaningful shares. VSS has been applied to support secure transmission of military, medical and financial documents and so on. No individual share discloses the secret message. One of the drawbacks of VSS is that if an intruder happens to modify or change the share, the reconstructed secret image cannot be verified for its integrity. Other factors such as security and quality are also considered to be a significant concern. Traditional VSS schemes verify the integrity of the reconstructed image with additional shares, or with a trusted third party. The security of the image integrity also needs to be considered. This article proposes a new self-verifiable computational visual cryptographic protocol (SCVCP) that facilitates a computational model to overcome issues of integrity verification. The SCVCP maintains the secure transmission of meaningful shares without compromising the quality of the reconstructed image. The experimental results show that the SCVCP is secure and robust against quality issues without complex computations. The SCVCP verifies the authenticity of the reconstructed two-dimensional image without any extra shares. The verification ensures the integrity of the secret message at the revealing stage while reconstructing the secret image.