In this paper, the authors analysed the emissions from residential boilers fired with wood logs, bark pellets, wood briquettes and wood pellets. Three boilers, selected with respect to age, design, connection to heat storage tank, and type of biofuel, were included in the study. The emissions collected comprised carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), total organic carbons (TOC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAC) and 33 volatile organic compounds (VOC). We have used the Life Cycle Inventory method in order to identify the main stressors generated by the wood combustion stage. In this purpose, we have analysed one type of old boiler, one type of modern boiler and a multi-fuel boiler, which can burn wood logs, bark pellets, wood briquettes and wood pellets. In this article, we selected only the wood combustion stage because it's the most important according to the emissions produced.


Divergent selection has created rat phenotypes of high‐ and low‐capacity runners (HCR and LCR, respectively) that have differences in aerobic capacity and correlated traits such as adiposity. We analyzed visceral adipose tissue of HCR and LCR using label‐free high‐definition MS (elevated energy) profiling. The running capacity of HCR was ninefold greater than LCR. Proteome profiling encompassed 448 proteins and detected 30 significant (p <0.05; false discovery rate <10%, calculated using q‐values) differences. Approximately half of the proteins analyzed were of mitochondrial origin, but there were no significant differences in the abundance of proteins involved in aerobic metabolism. Instead, adipose tissue of LCR rats exhibited greater abundances of proteins associated with adipogenesis (e.g. cathepsin D), ER stress (e.g. 78 kDa glucose response protein), and inflammation (e.g. Ig gamma‐2B chain C region). Whereas the abundance antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase [Cu‐Zn] was greater in HCR tissue. Putative adipokines were also detected, in particular protein S100‐B, was 431% more abundant in LCR adipose tissue. These findings reveal low running capacity is associated with a pathological profile in visceral adipose tissue proteome despite no detectable differences in mitochondrial protein abundance.


To investigate the possible intrinsic and observable kinematics of oblate elliptical galaxies, we construct self-consistent phase-space distribution functions (DFs), depending on three integrals of motion. Beginning with the two classical integrals E and L z , and an approximative third integral obtained by Hamiltonian perturbation theory, we devise normalized orbit shape invariants S i . Rewriting the DF in terms of energy and two such alternative integrals makes it easy to visualize the physical orbit distribution that a particular DF stands for. We build the desired anisotropy into a galaxy model by writing the DF as a product of an assigned function h(S i ) and a derived function g(E, S j ), selecting the assigned part of the DF, and solving for the derived part


The high-accuracy measurement system will directly influence the result whether all high-accuracy data can be get successfully in a flight test.According to the analysis of 5 high-accuracy systems available,this paper presents the principle of choosing measurement system,and demonstrates such aspect as reliability,accuracy,technology advancement,equipment fulfillment,applying convenience and range adaptability,and confirms continuous wave(CW) n-R(R)· system is a better system,and analyses how to solve the key technology difficulties of the system.


While the Post Keynesian approach to endogenous credit and money is well developed within the setting of a closed economy, fewer contributions have been made within the framework of an open economy. 1 Post Keynesians believe that, in a closed economy, monetary authorities have the ability to set short-term rates of interest at the level of their choice, given their policy objectives regarding price inflation, labor unemployment, output gaps, or other key economic variables.2 In the open economy, central banks have to consider the impact of two additional variables: the exchange rate and the level of foreign reserves. The crucial question within the framework of an open economy is whether monetary authorities still retain their ability to control short-term rates. My own view is that, even in an open economy with financial mobility, central banks retain the ability to set interest rates of their choice, within a wide spectrum. The purpose of this paper is to provide support for such a view. The mainstream belief, in contrast, is that, notwithstanding various imperfections, such a control over short-term interest rates is impossible within the context of an open economy. More precisely, what is argued is that it is impossible for real interest rates to be any different from those ruling in the rest of the world. Such a belief is based on two theorems: the purchasing power parity (PPP) theorem and the interest parity theorem. In its relative version, PPP says that exchange rates move in line with inflation rate differentials. PPP has been subjected to extensive testing, and while most researchers would conclude that PPP is not a successful explanation of exchange rate


Cultivating pattern and curriculum provision change with the change of the channel employment of the graduates majoring secretary in vocational college.We should adjust the cultivating pattern and curriculum provision to meet the requirement of market and enterprises for the quality of the graduates of secretary major so that the specialty can develop well.


In this article options of tax maneuver in oil industry and consequences of their realization for the Russian economy are analyzed. The main option of tax maneuver is to increase base rate of mineral extraction tax and simultaneously to decrease export customs duty rates on crude and light oil products. Over next years, countries of the Customs Union shell develop a common policy in fuel and energy complex and harmonize systems of export customs duty on oil and products of its processing. The author formulated suggestions how to improve taxation of oil extraction in Russia. For example, it was suggested to remove connection between mineral extraction tax and world oil prices and to transfer the main fiscal effect to the mechanism of the export customs duty. It will allow to avoid price increase for fuel and production of the petrochemical industry in domestic market and to ensure adequate flow of funds to the budget.


The effect of increased contrast of Landsat imagery is to stretch the informational content over a much greater density range. This results in greater density differences among scene features and provides a more interpretable image. The stretch required for MSS 5 and 7 is in the gamma range of 1.5 to 3.0. Several different film types, developers, and development times were used to reprocess Landsat images in a range of gammas from 1.0 to above 4.0. The gamma value to which the imagery was processed depended on the densitometric range of scene features in the image relative to the gray scale. An example of a photographically enhanced MSS 4 image is shown, in which the standard 0.94 density units was increased to 2.19 density units. The results are similar to those obtained in a computerized contrast stretch of digital CCT data, but are obtained at a far lesser cost.


Soil health and soil quality are defined as the capacity of soil to function as a vital living system within land use boundaries. This function which sustains biological productivity of soil also maintains the quality of surrounding environment and human health. Thus the two terms are used interchangeably although it is important to distinguish that, soil quality is related to soil function, whereas soil health presents the soil as a finite non-renewable and dynamic living resource. In this review, we deal with soil health concept which includes interactions between plant inputs and soil in creating a healthy environment. Adverse effects on soil health and soil quality arise from nutrient imbalance in soil, excessive fertilization, soil pollution and soil loss processes that are increasingly becoming common in developing countries. This review will examine the development of soil health approaches as well as the content of soil health and soil quality information and its application to reduce negative impacts on agricultural productivity and long term sustainability.


What do we talk about when we talk about energy? As central to our existence as energy has always been, it remains not only elusive but, for many, taken for granted as well. Engaging this line of questioning from the outset is crucial before we can begin to realistically imagine any sort of event, or series of events, that resembles an energy transition, especially a desirable one. When we speak of energy, we speak at once of that which materially makes us "go," such as fossil fuels, as well as the more abstract notion of potentiality – on the one hand, "the ability to do work" as per the classical definition, and on the other, as the energy historian Vaclav Smil (2010: vii) puts it, that which "encompasses a veritable universe of states and processes." But, perhaps most importantly, energy is a social relation. When we speak of energy and how it operates in everyday life, then, we speak not of mechanical, teleological processes that Smil alludes to, but of relations – relations both social and economic. In this sense, energy is dialectical, operating at once on the level of infrastructure and on the level of superstructure. Historically, however, one antinomy of this dialectic has been a privileged site – energy has been perceived almost exclusively in


The invention disclose a multi-wavelength fiber laser with miniature resonant cavity structures and relates to the field with requirements for high quality of optical-frequency bandwidth and the requirement of ouputting multiple wave lengths. The multi-wavelength fiber laser is used for solving the following technical problems: the structure of a fiber laser with multi-wavelength laser output is complicated, the output of high-quality multi-wavelength laser is not continuous, and the system is unstable and has high cost. The multi-wavelength fiber laser strcuturaly comprises an optical fiber formed by a fiber core (1) and a cladding (2), fiber bragg gratings (3), a miniature resonant cavity (4) in the optical fiber and a pumping source (5), and is characterized in that for the manufacture of the miniature resonant cavities, an ultraviolet laser or a femtosecond laser are adopted for exposing the optical fiber, so that the refractive index of the exposed part is higher than that of a peripheral medium, thus a plurality of miniature resonant cavity structures are generated; and each miniature resonant cavity resonates with laser with a specific wave length, and the output of multiple wavelengths can be realized by dint of the synthetic function of the plurality of miniature resonant cavities. The multi-wavelength fiber laser provided by the invention is mainly applied in fiber-optical communication.


This paper is a tentative study of applying Relevance Theory and Space Blending Theory to the semantic analysis about humors.The combination of the two theories is an important analytic approach to the interpretation of humors and semantic leaps.


Importance Exposure of the tube of an aqueous drainage device (ADD) through the conjunctiva is a serious complication of ADD surgery. Although placement of gamma-irradiated sterile cornea (GISC) as a patch graft over the tube is commonly performed, exposures still occur. Objectives To measure GISC patch graft thickness as a function of time after surgery, estimate the rate of graft thinning, and determine risk factors for graft thinning. Design, Setting, and Participants Cross-sectional study of graft thickness using anterior segment optic coherence tomography (AS-OCT) was conducted at the Wilmer Eye Institute at Johns Hopkins Hospital. A total of 107 patients (120 eyes, 120 ADDs) 18 years or older who underwent ADD surgery at Johns Hopkins with GISC patch graft between July 1, 2010, and October 31, 2016, were enrolled. Intervention Implantation of ADD with placement of GISC patch graft over the tube. Main Outcomes and Measures Graft thickness vs time after ADD surgery and risk factors for undetectable graft. Results Of the 107 patients included in the analysis, the mean (SD) age of the cohort was 64 (16.2) years, 49 (45.8%) were male, and 43 (40.2%) were African American. The mean time of measurement after surgery was 1.7 years (range, 1 day to 6 years). Thinner grafts were observed as the time after surgery lengthened (&bgr; regression coefficient, −60 µm per year since surgery; 95% CI, −80 µm to −40 µm). The odds ratio of undetectable grafts per year after ADD surgery was 2.1 (95% CI, 1.5-3.0; P < .001). Age, sex, race, type of ADD, quadrant of ADD placement, diagnosis of uveitis or dry eye, and prior conjunctival surgery were not correlated with the presence or absence of the graft. Conclusions and Relevance Gamma-irradiated sterile corneal patch grafts do not always retain their integrity after ADD surgery. Data from this cross-sectional study showed that on average, the longer the time after surgery, the thinner the graft. These findings suggest that placement of a GISC patch graft is no guarantee against tube exposure, and that better strategies are needed for preventing this complication.


The maize (Zea mays L.) CRINKLY4 (CR4) gene encodes a serine/threonine receptor-like kinase that controls an array of developmental processes in the plant and endosperm. The Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. genome encodes an ortholog of CR4, ACR4, and four CRINKLY4-RELATED (CRR) proteins: At CRR1, AtCRR2, AtCRR3 and AtCRKl. The available genome sequence of rice (Oryza sativa L.) encodes a CR4 ortholog, OsCR4, and four CRR proteins: Os CRR1, OsCRR2, OsCRR3 and OsCRR4, not neces sarily orthologous to the Arabidopsis CRRs. A phylogenetic study showed that AtCRRl and AtCRR2 form a clade closest to the CR4 group while all the other CRRs form a separate cluster. The five Arabidopsis genes are differentially expressed in various tissues. A construct formed by fusion of the ACR4 promoter and the GUS reporter, ACR4::GUS, is expressed primarily in developing tissues of the shoot. The ACR4 cytoplasmic domain functions in vitro as a serine/threonine kinase, while the AtCRRl and AtCRR2 kinases are not active.


The macrocell connected to a programmable logic array (15) comprises a first OR gate section (11) for ORing the predetermined number of the product terms from the array (15), a demultiplexer section (12) for generating two or more output signals per one input signal, a second OR gate section (13) for ORing outputs from the demultiplexer section (12) to form a sum data path for the product terms, an I/O section (14) for receiving data from the sum data paths for the product terms provided by the OR gate section (13) to transfer the received data to an output stage or feedback that to the array (15). The sum data paths for the product terms are provided in one macrocell. The macrocell uses the product terms efficiently.


PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to evaluate if the use of a varnish on a tissue conditioner would affect biofilm adhesion.

BACKGROUND
After the surgery has been performed, before the delivery of a complete denture, it is often necessary to use materials such as tissue conditioners on the surgical wound. However, these materials present deficient physico-mechanical properties, which allow biofilm development.

METHODS
Forty elderly volunteers wearing complete maxillary dentures were selected. They were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 20), G1 and G2. In both groups, a silicone-based tissue conditioner was placed in a recess created at the base of the denture, according to the manufacturer's guidelines. In group G1, a varnish was applied to the tissue conditioner, while in group G2, no treatment was applied. All volunteers performed daily hygiene of the prosthesis with a soft toothbrush, and toothpaste. Quantification of the mean score values of biofilm formed at different time points (baseline, 1 week and 3 weeks) was statistically analysed using anova (alpha = 0.05).

RESULTS
Group G2 (1.6 +/- 1.2) showed the lowest mean score values of biofilm formation and there was a statistical difference between the groups (p = 0.03). The highest mean score values were found after 3 weeks (2.7 +/- 1.4) and were statistically different from the other time points studied (baseline and 1 week).

CONCLUSION
The use of a varnish had a detrimental effect on the tissue conditioner studied, allowing higher biofilm formation.


We describe a technique for automatic alignment and targeting of laser beams on a specific point in space using the simulated cubical targets typically used for focusing and targeting of laser light in a multiple beamline laser facility where the target is illuminated in cubical symmetry for high-temperature plasma physics research. We describe the targeting system and the steps for targeting and focusing laser beams at specific points in the target chamber, as well as a method for measuring the length of an arbitrary line segment on a distant object from an image on a display, and an experimental estimate of the accuracy of such measurements on a test object—the edge of the simulated cubical target.


In this paper, the fabrication process of AiP is based on Fan-Out substrate. This solution brings short interconnection between die to die and die to antenna for excellent electrical performance. They tend to offer the lowest transition loss due to circuitry directly connected to the antenna. In this study, the package height is slightly less than 0.75 mm, with three RDL layers, two mold layers for antenna design, mold thickness of250um, and ball height of 200um. Its benefits include a smaller package footprint compared to conventional organic substrate or laminate packages, higher maximum connection density, as well as desirable electrical and thermal performance. In this work, the stacked patch antenna is a wideband deisgn to improve the bandwitdth. Based on design theory of antenna, proper design requires careful optimization of the thickness, feed point and width of patch atenn. By choosing the antenna parameters properly, the proposed stacked patch antenna on fan-out package has better than 10dB return loss in 26.8-32.5 GHz range, with ~5.7GHz bandwidth and provides a high-gain (above ~10.3 dBi) radiation pattern with 2x2 patch antenna array. Beamforming array is a very important technique in 5G application. The proposed thin profile AiP solution can achieve both broadband and high directivity characteristics, which meet the requirement of 5G systems in the allocated frequency bands at 28 GHz applications.


A method for the systematic determination of natural waxes (paraffin wax, candelilla wax, bees wax, japan wax, rice wax and carnauba wax) in foods by Florisil column chromatography and gas chromatography is described.The waxes were extracted from foods by reflux with benzene and the components of each wax were separated into Fr. I-V on a Florisil column. Hydrocarbons in Fr. I (hydrocarbon-type wax), higher alcohols or fatty acids after saponifying Fr. II (ester-type wax) and fatty acids after saponifying Fr. III (triglyceride-type wax) were determined by gas chromatography.Each wax was identified from the peak pattern and determined by measuring the height of typical peaks in the gas chromatograms. Recoveries of Paraffin wax No. 155 and rice wax added to grapefruit at 500ppm were more than 92.1%.


Although the chief interest in the inve~igation of malaria eentres at present in the study of experimental inoculations, of the natural mode of infection, and of the extracorporeal forms of the parasite, much yet remains to be learned about the morphology of the organism in its several varieties. The minute study of the morphology of the parasite has furnished far more cogent evidence of the existence of several species of the plasmodium of human malarial fever than has that of the clinical manifestations of the disease. Yet even the tantamount question of the unity or plurality of species is still far from satisfactory solution. ]~ioreover, many details in the biology of the plasmodium of malaria, including the development of the crescentic bodies, whose significance has been partly determined, still remain


The invention discloses a method for producing environment-friendly aromatic oil by hydrogenation treatment. In the method, raw material oil and hydrogen, under hydrogenation treatment conditions, passes through a hydrogenation modification reaction area and a hydrogenation refining reaction area in turn; and a hydrogenation modification catalyst which contains amorphous silica-alumina and modified Y zeolite is used in a hydrogenation modification reaction area. The method disclosed by the invention can produce environment-friendly aromatic oil containing less than 3 percent of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PCA) and more than 20 percent of calixarenes (CA).


In this paper, we study the impact of random access phase in Hiperlan\2 medium access control frame. We propose and study several backoff strategies for the unsuccessful users in the random access phase. Markov chain modeling is used to model the random access channels. We also applied the error control to the transmission state. Instead of assuming the channel is error free, we studied the impact when the channel is in error. We developed analytical model and we applied this model for simple backoff strategy model. A comparison is made between these models in terms of their throughput, delay, energy, etc. The performance of the error control model is shown in terms of average number of retransmissions and the efficiency.


In short, altruistic behavior is voluntary, unrewarded helping of another, with heroic altruism including a high degree of risk or self-sacrifice. Do Unto Others tells us that altruism begins in infancy as an innate predisposition and is nurtured in a healthy relationship with one's parents. The concentric influences of peers, school, community, and society reinforce and expand the young person's altruistic qualities, which can then become internalized "normocentric" values. To realize the force of these normocentric values, consider the reaction of two communities to the treatment of Ryan White, the courageous teenager who contracted AIDS from a transfusion of blood in the mid-1980s. When his disease became known, Ryan's home town of Kokomo, Indiana ostracized him. Students harassed him in the hallways and on the sidewalks, parents withdrew their children from school, and school officials barred him from attending classes. Ultimately, Ryan left Kokomo and moved to Cicero, Indiana, where the townspeople and the students and teachers in his high school welcomed him and his family warmly.


Parent-child discourse in family settings provides insights into children's language socialization. In her seminal work on language socialization, Ochs (1993) argues that social identities are essentially constructed by verbal performance and the display of social acts and stances. This paper presents a single case analysis of a family dinner involving a three-and-a-half-year-old child, C, and her parents, M (mother) and F (father), interrogating how C asserts her identity, or resists those imposed on her, by "going categorical" (Stokoe, 2012) when counter-disciplining her parents. This analysis shows that when constructing her category membership, C appropriates her parents' voices and proffers her incumbency in the 'adult' category. Prior to the start of the extract, C is sitting at the table alone watching TV on a small portable TV set. Dinner is almost ready, but C is fully engrossed by the TV and refuses to turn it off. As the extract begins, she insists on watching just half of the show. Since her refusal to cooperate has stalled the dinner, F and M reject her request. At this point, the tension has increased, and C begins to counter her parents' attempts to discipline her.


Professor Emerita Liv Merete Nielsen turns 70 is in March 2023. Nielsen has been a significant supporter of individuals' career paths, and acted as a field builder over many years. She has pushed professional boundaries, and highlighted the social relevance of the Art and crafts subject. In this special issue of FormAkademisk, there are many who express gratitude for Nielsen's having shown the way and generously shared his wisdom and professional insight.


In this thesis, we present a reduced-complexity decision-directed joint timing and phase recovery method for continuous phase modulation (CPM). Using a simple linear modulation—pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)—representation of CPM, more popularly known as the Laurent representation of CPM, we develop formulations of a PAM based joint timing error detector (TED) and a phase error detector (PED). We consider the general M -ary single-h CPM model in our developments and numerical examples. We show by analysis and computer simulations that the PAM based error detector formulations have characteristics similar to the conventional (i.e., non-PAM) formulations and they render reliable performance when applied to specific CPM examples; in fact, we show the error detectors are able to perform close to the theoretical limit given by the modified Cramer-Rao bound (MCRB) and able to provide a bit error rate (BER) close to the theoretical value. Also, we investigate the false lock problem in M -ary CPMs and are able to obtain much improved performance over conventional CPM detectors with our PAM based method. Furthermore, the PAM based receivers perform well in the presence of a large frequency offset (on the order of the symbol rate) and are, in general, much more resistant to small carrier frequency variations compared to conventional CPM receivers. We use an existing PAM based frequency difference detector (FDD) for a large carrier frequency recovery. As such, the proposed method of combining the error detectors (FDD, TED and PED) provides important synchronization components for jointly recovering the respective signal attribute offsets (i.e, carrier frequency, symbol timing and carrier phase) for reduced-complexity PAM based CPM receivers, which have been missing up to this point.


The utility model relates to an accent core of hydraulic pressure floor spring for the hydraulic pressure floor spring, it discloses transfers the core from the side vertical installation of floor spring and on extending to the main hydraulic pressure oil duct of floor spring, but also with the floor spring inner chamber in the oil circuit hole corresponding, transfer the front end of core be conical loaded head, the middle section of transferring the core is provided with the screw section, is provided with curved axle body section in the screw section on transferring the core with blocking that section between the head, this axle body section when the floor spring is installed to the accent core and the main hydraulic pressure oil duct of floor spring corresponding. The utility model has the advantage of reasonable structure, low in manufacturing cost, it can directly locate to form hydraulic oil vortex buffering at the port blocked in the size at the pilot oil crossing for the velocity of flow at working connection both ends is steady, lets the accessory work such as piston, spring, cam of floor spring at steady hydraulic oil environment more, thereby makes floor spring long service life, and the switch door is smooth and easy more, the nature.


Structural shape estimation is of great interest in many engineering fields including aerospace and civil engineering. During operation, however, the monitoring of structural displacements is often difficult. This article discusses structural shape estimation using a minimal number of fiber Bragg grating sensors. A strain to displacement transformation matrix is derived using mode shapes, to estimate the global displacement of a structure from measured discrete strain data. The number of sensors and sensor layout for the shape estimation is optimized using genetic algorithm. Static and dynamic displacement experiments are conducted on an aluminum plate to verify the algorithm. The deformation during static experiments is measured at nine different locations and estimation error was less than 0.5%. The deformation during dynamic excitation is measured at one selected location using a noncontact laser sensor. The shape estimation quality is better for resonance frequencies compared to off-resonance frequencies. The results show that the estimated displacements match well with those measured displacements.


Abstract : Thermal diffusivity measurements from 500-2300K have been made on the following materials using the laser pulse method. (a) Two mutually perpendicular directions of a three dimensional carbon/carbon fibre composite, (b) Parallel and perpendicular directions of a unidimensional carbon/carbon fibre composite, (c) The matrix material used in fabricating the above composites. The use of a computer based digital data acquisition system significantly enhances the precision and accuracy of the diffusivity measurements. (Author)


Generating ideas, data acquisition, typical face model and its expression generation method of view elaborated facial expression generation technique based on model from the expression, by definition, classical analysis, theoretical research trend of choroid outlines, research results will become the facial expression as basic reference theory.


The Indonesian government is seeking to improve the national economy to ensure economic welfare. Based on the principle of Pancasila's social justice, the government has begun to reform old programs as well as implementing new ones to strive for equality and improvement for small farm holders, the regeneration of farming, insurance for smallholders, etc. However, the government-established program is now a sequence of stories from Indonesian independence. The current government policy is the result of the failure and success of Indonesian agriculture. Many lessons from history have helped to mold the Indonesian government's agricultural policies, such as out of the 1997 monetary crisis, which, from a change of government structure and presidency, turned out to bring major changes in state policy, which had a major effect on the economy and agriculture. Since agriculture is the main sector in the Indonesian economy, this paper will discuss how the government of Indonesia has overcome the problems of national agriculture, while building the state economy and upholding the national welfare. Additionally, this paper will provide the Indonesian government with steps it should take to uphold national welfare through agriculture. Such recommendations are the result of discussion and analysis of the lessons that have been passed down by the Indonesian government since Indonesia's independence in 1945.


Thank you for downloading applied numerical methods for digital computation with fortran and csmp. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their favorite readings like this applied numerical methods for digital computation with fortran and csmp, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some harmful bugs inside their laptop.


To construct biocompatible surfaces of polypropylene (PP), poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMEMA) was melt-grafted onto PP backbones; this was followed by the restructuring of the surface mircostructure of the grafted PP by water treatment. The grafted products were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 1H-NMR; the surface microstructure of the graft copolymer was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, and the biocompatibility was evaluated by water contact angle, protein adsorption, and platelet adhesion measurements. This study showed that highly biocompatible surfaces of PP could be obtained by a combination of melt grafting and surface restructuring techniques, and the formation of hole-with-rim patterns and the enrichment of the PEGMEMA chains on the topmost surface were the key factors for the improved biocompatibility. This work advances functionalized PP generated by melt grafting as a promising candidate for applications in blood-contact devices. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012


Forest health is a significant evaluation index of forest sustainable management.By using geographic information system software ArcGIS and statistical software SPSS,together with methods of principal component analysis and cluster analysis,spatial knowledge of forest health in Xiashu Town of Jurong City,were exploded.Research results show that:(1) among the three component factors which influence forest health,forest production active factor contributes most;(2) in three spatial clustering categories of forest health,forest production active factor leads to the differences between category 1 and category 2,while the difference between category 2 and category 3 is caused from the environmental stress variable.


The development of citizenship morality is a process for the combination of education and practice. Therefore, there should be a set of morally justifiable principles for the education of the members of the society on the one hand, and, on the other, attention should be paid to the cultivation of moral competence in the individual.


There is a trend towards using high-lipid diets in aquaculture, which can be optimized by using certain additives. This study investigated the effect of vitamin E (VE) supplementation of a high-lipid diet on the growth, serum and liver biochemical indexes, hepatic histology, and lipid metabolism of hybrid groupers (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ Epinephelus lanceolatus). Six groups of iso-protein (50.23%) and iso-lipidic high-lipid (15.36%) experimental diets were prepared by adding VE at concentrations of 49.6 (basic diet, controls), 100, 110, 163, 206, and 245 mg/kg. Each treatment consisted of three replicates and 30 fish (10.20 ± 0.02 g) in an 8-week feeding experiment. The results show that 1) compared with controls, growth performance was not affected by VE addition. However, the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly lower in the high-VE group (245 mg/kg) than in the 163 and 206 mg/kg groups. 2) Compared with controls, VE significantly increased the contents of alpha-tocopherol in the liver and muscle. 3) Adding VE can reduce the fatty livers caused by high-lipid diets and significantly reduce total serum cholesterol, reduce the activity of lipid synthesis enzymes, and significantly increase the activity of lipolytic enzymes in the liver. 4) Compared with controls, appropriate amounts of VE significantly increased the expressions of the liver lipid-metabolism-related genes PPAR-α, PPAR-β, PPAR-γ, H-FABP , A-FABP, and L-FABP. Based on observations of lipid metabolism enzyme activity, histological sections, and lipid-metabolism-related gene expression, we conclude that the addition of 163–206 mg/kg VE to a high-lipid diet can promote lipid metabolism in groupers.


The author of this article, in light of her clinical practice withwomen suffering from breast cancer, discusses her work from apsychoanalytical stance. In her opinion, rather than questioningor supporting her patients' sense of revolt in the face of illness,the analyst should explore the meaning of discovering a lump forfemale patients. This leads the author to posit the idea thatremoving tumours is also a threat to a patient's femininity. Thesefactors should all be taken into account and listened to by theanalyst. In this light, the body remains the privileged representation of femininity, harbouring everything women breathe intotheir femininity in terms of spirit and creativity. The author shedslight on the question of female sexuality examined by Freud inunequivocal fashion.


We have developed an achromatic polarizer using novel dichroic pigments. We established a method to control the light absorption, dichroic ratio, and alignment direction of pigments and successfully developed a low power monochrome-type reflective liquid crystal display with high reflectivity, paper white and motion picture capability.


ABSTRACT The data generated from the Superpave shear tester (SST) frequency sweep at constant height (FSCH) test is available in terms of the complex shear modulus G* versus frequency at the temperature of measurement. An attempt is made to unify the sets of curves generated at different temperatures on various mixtures. The procedure involved the use of a normalizing frequency parameter. The temperature at which the normalizing parameter becomes equal to one is suggested as a specification parameter for assessing mixture performance. This specification parameter was determined for various mixtures of known performance and found to follow performance ranking in all the studied cases.


For pt.II see ibid., vol.9, no.3 p.72 (1990). The following topics are discussed: implications of an employee's status; independent contractors; classifying employees.


A prototype 1.5 T receive-only 3-element multi-directional MSK phased array wrist coil that is capable to maintain its performance even when it is angulated from +/-55° to B0 was constructed and successfully tested. The ability to angulate the coil through a wide range of angles, allows positioning the coil in the center of the DSV with the possibility for relaxed overhead positioning of the wrist through "horizontal flexion" of the elbow. With this setup, high quality wrist images can be acquired and patient comfort can be achieved.


The paper describes the mathematical model of a solar water-heating installation to supply agricultural consumers with warm water. The model allows investigating and optimizing both the separate blocks with their specific design and thermo-physical variables, and the installation as a whole under different climatic conditions and user requirements to the temperature of the heated water and the mode of its use.


This study was carried out to determine the fatty acid composition, bioactive compounds, and mineral element content of standard hazelnut cultivars and accessions from the Eastern Black Sea region. A wide variation was determined in terms of the traits examined between hazelnut accessions and cultivars. Most of the accessions investigated had higher values of bioactive compounds, oleic acid, stearic acid, Na, and Ca than the standard cultivars. Among accessions investigated, S-1 had the highest total phenolics and antioxidants (557.3 mg/100 g and 0.53 mmol/100 g) while P-4 had the lowest (307.3 mg/100 g and 0.22 mmol/100 g). The highest oleic acid content was determined in P-2 (87.16%); the lowest was in H-1 (71.24%). Linoleic acid ranged from 4.35% (P-1) to 18.06% (H-1). P-2 (3349 mg/kg and 2464 mg/kg, respectively) had the highest K and P contents. The highest Mg content was found in S-1 (1787 mg/kg). The highest value of Ca and Na was determined in P-1 (2701 mg/kg and 412 mg/kg, respectively). Principal component analysis revealed that the traits studied could effectively explain the variability among hazelnut genetic sources. First, three components explained about 60% of total variation. PC1 was related to arachidonic acid and most of the mineral elements (P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Cd, Ni, and S), and explained 27.6% of the total variation. PC2 explained 18.3% of the total variation, and was mainly related to oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid, as well as Ca. PC3 was related to total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and palmitic acid, and explained 14.5% of total variation. The oleic acid had a strong negative correlation with linoleic acid (−0.99 ***) and linolenic acid (−0.95 ***). A strong positive correlation was determined between antioxidant activity and total flavonoids (r = 0.95 ***). K content showed a strong positive correlation with P (r = 0.92 ***) and Mg (r = 0.82 ***) contents. A strong positive correlation was also determined between P and Mg (r = 0.91***). These findings revealed that many of the accessions investigated were a good source of fatty acids and bioactive compounds. As a conclusion, most accessions with superior nutritional content can be evaluated as genetic material for the development of new cultivars in hazelnut breeding programs.


This report describes the gradual implementation of one educator's plan to introduce acoustics into the curriculum of a medium‐size university. Rooted in the physics department, the program from its inception has emphasized the interdisciplinary nature of the discipline. The first course, consisting of a series of lectures within an existing format of ''Great Issues,'' was offered to seniors of the university in 1998. Subsequently one graduate and two undergraduate courses were developed and approved. The undergraduate course, Acoustics and You, has been particularly popular because of the diversity of topics. The graduate course is a typical presentation of the fundamentals of acoustics with discussion of selected applications. Acoustical research has been limited to the author's areas of interest and subject to time and funding constraints. Recent collaboration with the departments of biology and psychology have been very beneficial to the growth of the program. The narrative will be illustrated with co...


According to the basic character and the intrinsic relation of the seven sorts of elementary devices and relative circuits,Circuit course and Electric Circuits course are conflated. And the traditional system and contents of relative textbooksare reshaped to fit the practical application. The new course has been taught since 2008. And the new textbook has also been published. Compared to the traditional teaching system,the presented one makes students form more systemic and profound understanding to the electrical and electronic circuits.


For Ising spin glasses Fe x TiS 2 ( x =0.05, 0.1, 0.2), to investigate the temperature dependence of the relaxation time, ac-susceptibility measurements are made. Frequency dependences of spin glass transition temperatures defined by the maximum of the ac-susceptibility are analyzed by four conventional equations. The appropriate equation for x =0.05 and x =0.1 is the power law (for finite T * ). For x =0.1 it seems that the Fulcher law also describes the data. The appropriate equation for x =0.2 is the Fulcher law. The results of the analyses suggest the existence of clusters of Fe-spins for high-Fe concentrations.


At the end of 2019, the world was shocked by Coronavirus Disease 2019, or what we often call Covid-19, this outbreak that has spread widely even across continents. Especially when it entered the middle of May 2021, the Covid-19 pandemic had soared to more than 163.218 million cases and even reached 3.384 million deaths. Covid-19 also had a major impact on economic growth in Indonesia, where previously economic growth in Indonesia was 5.3%, and some people predict that Indonesia's economic growth now only reaches 2% is obviously very different from before the existence of Covid-19. The impact that is most felt by MSME actors in Sukajadi Village Bogor District is a drastic decrease in income due to the difficulty of getting buyers there may also be some business actors whose income has increased, but how can they survive in the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses 2 quantitative and qualitative methods in its direction: Paired Sample test with SPSS 16 software to measure the influence of income of MSME actors before and after the covid-19. From the results of the t-test (test) in this study, it is known that the Covid-19 variable has a significant positive effect on the income of MSME actors before and after the existence of Covid-19. Meanwhile, efforts to stabilize people's income use descriptive qualitative.
Keywords: Covid-19, MSMEs, Income, Stability Efforts


The article provides a comprehensive structural analysis of ensuring stability for the territorial housing market in a turbulent economy on the example of the Penza region. The study was carried out in the following fields: structure of developers, volumes and dynamics of construction, the price range of new buildings. In addition, financial express analysis of the main developers in the region was carried out in order to identify their financial stability over the forecast horizon in the face of economic uncertainty. As a separate segment of the research, it is accepted to study dynamics of the main parameters of the mortgage territorial market as the main regulator of the housing market development. Formulated conclusions provide an opportunity to the subjects of the territorial housing market to form innovative individual corporate and government strategies of sustainable development for the short term in a turbulent economy.


Abstract- The pandemic of metabolic disorders is accelerating in the urbanized world posing huge burden to health and economy. The key pioneer to most of the metabolic disorders is insulin dependent diabetes mellitus or Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus commonly known as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Both of these forms of diabetes are polygenic and multifactorial. A newly discovered form of diabetes is Maturity Onset Diabetes of the young (MODY). MODY is a monogenic form of diabetes and it is inherited as autosomal dominant disorder. Its age of onsets is at 14-25 years in individuals who have a strong family history of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). In most of the MODY patients genes involved in mediating and controlling the expression of insulin are concerned. Till date eleven genes that cause MODY have been identified all over the world. But in Pakistan no genetic research has been done on MODY. The aims of the present study were to examine the prevalence and nature of mutation in three common MODY genes on the basis of their occurrence in European populations. These three MODY genes are HNF4-Alpha, GCK, and HNF1-Alpha. 22 members spanning four generations and 11 affected with MODY in Pakistani population were examined. To determine the linkage or exclusion study of the family to six known loci for MODY, a minimum of two micro satellite markers each of the candidate regions of these loci for MODY were genotyped in all the available individuals of this family. To identify genes involved in susceptibility to MODY and to discover new genes and mutations contributing to MODY in Pakistani population, Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism technique (SSCP) was used. Our findings highlighted that those unidentified MODY genes that facilitate to cause this form of diabetes in European population may play a central role for diabetes characterized by autosomal dominant transmission in Pakistani population.


We investigate the impacts of pollution in terms of economic agglomerations by extending the short-run equilibrium results of Ottaviano's (2001) core-periphery model. Our aim is to show that the range of possible spatial configurations is enlarged when we consider parameters of environmental pollution. Besides the three standard NEG cases related to transport costs level, this will permit us to identify other cases depending on environmental parameters value.


This paper presents the utilization of the Data Analysis Smart System (DASS) of ARMNANO in a nanotechnology application in electronic health. We made a special approach to the liver situation for patients that have been monitored with respect to two variables concerning their liver status: the Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) and the Alkaline phosphotas (ALKPHOS). These variables are analyzed using the autonomous cycle "Conditioning Thinking Mode" (CTM), one of the two autonomic cycles of data analysis tasks that make up the DASS. In this sense, an optimization problem is defined to determine the optimal deployment of nanosensors (NSs) for the proper determination of liver status. The application of genetic algorithms (GA) allows us to find the optimal number of NSs in the system to precisely determine the liver status, avoiding a large data volume. In total, we evaluated its implementation in two case studies and carried out a hyperparameterization process for assuring the definition of the key parameters. The greatest propensity is to place NSs in the regions close to the liver, becoming saturated as the amount of SNs increases (they do not improve the quality of the liver status value).


The article examines topicality and peculiarities of using neuromarketing methods. The potential of a focus group method and latest achievements in cognitive neuromarketing are described. Food tasting has been used to make a comparative evaluation of the predictive validity of a classic neuromarketing method – focus groups and up-to-date cognitive neuromarketing methods. In particular, neuromarketing methods have been used to carry out the analysis of the test participants' cognitive and emotional indicators (stress, engagment, interest, excitement, focus, relaxation), which had been obtained during observation, sniffing at, tasting (chewing) and aftertaste sensation of the food. This test made it possible to draw conclusions based on gender differences about each stage of the test participant's interaction with the food (appearance, smell, taste, aftertaste). Cognitive neuromarketing and a focus group methods have been used to analyze the test participant's responses to the tasting process itself (food staying in a mouth). On the basis of the study results and with regard to gender differences the information about significance of the food taste properties, their weaknesses and possibilities to improve them has been obtained. The influence of gender on the study results in the group has been investigated using the focus group method.


Large scale worm outbreaks are consider as a major security threat to today"s internet. Internet worms can be classified according to the technique by which they discover new targets to infect. So, In this paper we will introduce the basic principles behind the modeling and detection of an polymorphic worm, referred to as Camouflaging-Worm(C-Worm).The C-Worm"s most novel feature is hiding and controlling of the propagation and it"s speed from the worm defense system. Due to the nature of self-propagation, the C-Worm use more complex mechanisms to manipulate the scan traffic volume over time in order to avoid detection. Order to defend against C-Worm, an effective way is to analyze the scan traffic volume in frequency domain. Our proposed method uses the Power Spectral Density (PSD) distribution of the scan traffic volume and its corresponding Spectral Flatness Measure (SFM) to distinguish the C-Worm traffic from non-worm traffic. Promising results have been produced with a simulated C-worm, demonstrating that all other traditional worms can be detected by our spectrum-based scheme.


This paper introduces the construction of spontaneous symmetry breaking When the Goldstone boson effective Laplaceman calculates the effective Laplaceman of the Goldstone boson with symmetry breaking $\mathrm{SO}(4) / \mathrm{SO}(3)$. By the result we put the graviton regarded as the Goldstone boson of symmetry breaking $\mathrm{SO}(4) / \mathrm{SO}(3)$.


In order to isolate genes involved in Fe nutrition,suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH) was performed using mixed cDNAs prepared from Malus xiaojinensis roots treated with Fe deficiency as tester and treated with Fe sufficiency as drivers.A forward subtractive cDNA library was constructed,from which 1 152 recombinant colonies were picked and amplified.Through differential screening of the subtractive cDNA library,105 express sequence tags(ESTs) were identified as Fe deficiency stress induced.Of the 105 ESTs,50 contain regions with 60%-90% identity to their homolog in GenBank,32 are expected to be novel genes,23 are repeated fragments to other genes.The ESTs with significant protein homology were sorted into 9 functional categories.


In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats given 10 mg/day of ginsenoside-Rb2 for 3 days, there was no significant increase in the serum protein and albumin levels, whereas a significant increase in these parameters was found in rats given the ginsenoside-Rb2 for 6 days. When the state of protein biosynthesis was determined using [14C] leucine, significantly activated protein biosynthesis was found in rats given ginsenoside-Rb2 for 3 days, indicating the presence of an activated state of protein biosynthesis prior to the evident quantitative increase.


We propose the modified form of the conventional holographic conserved charges which provides us the frame-independent expressions for charges. This form is also preferable to the conventional one since it is independent of the holographic renormalization scheme. We show the frame and scheme independence through the matching of our holographic expression to the covariant bulk expression of conserved charges. As an explicit example, we consider five-dimensional AdS Kerr black holes and show that our form of holographic conserved charges gives us the identical expressions in the rotating and non-rotating frames.


We developed a fluorescence goggle system for intraoperative imaging and surgical navigation. This system enables visualization of fluorescence information directly from the eyepieces in real time, which improves surgical accuracy.


ABSTRACT When viewed alongside Wallace's interviews and publicity materials, multiple texts by Wallace—The Pale King, "My Appearance," and the annotations in his personal library—present a different and deeper understanding of authorship and authenticity in contemporary literature. Taken together, these texts by and around Wallace portray the fiction writer more as the stage actor, a figure who is always in the process of presenting a persona, whether he or she knows it or not, to the extent that his or her private self becomes conflated with the inauthentic public persona. The Pale King appears to say that the fiction writer finds himself or herself in a Wallaceian double bind in which any sincerity to be achieved is possible only through the artificial means of performance.


This case report highlights the successful combination of operative and nonoperative management of a patient with noncontiguous cervical spine fractures and incomplete spinal cord injury. A case report of a 40-year-old male victim of a motor vehicular accident who presented with noncontiguous cervical spine fractures (Anderson and D'Alonzo Type III odontoid fracture and traumatic spondylolisthesis of C4/C5) and incomplete spinal cord injury. The odontoid fracture was managed nonoperatively, whereas anterior cervical discectomy and fusion were done at the C4/C5 vertebral level. The patient made full neurologic recovery with radiologic evidence of successful fusion and fracture healing at 12 weeks postoperation in both levels of injuries. Operative and nonoperative modalities can be utilized to manage selected patients.


Appendicitis, says Dieulafoy,1 is invariably the result of the conversion of the appendicular canal into a closed cavity. This may take place at any point of the canal, and is accomplished in various ways. As a rule, there is partial obliteration, due to slow and gradual formation of a calculus, which results from a genuine appendicular lithiasis, comparable to biliary and renal lithiasis, and which the author regards as belonging to the patrimony of gout and arthritis. At other times, the conversion of the appendicular canal 'nto a closed cavity is the result of a local infection, comparable to the changes occurring in the bile ducts in so-called catarrhal jaundice. Lastly, in some cases, this conversion results from the slow and gradual formation of fibrous stenosis, similar to constriction of


Pharmacovigilance is the Science and activity relating to detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other possible medicine-related problems. There are guidelines and regulations from the Council for International Organizations of Medical Science (CIOMS), the European Medicines Agency, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other that focus on pre-clinical, pre-marketing and post marketing safety evaluations.The roles of Pharmacist actually have and could have in collecting reports of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and more widely in Pharmacovigilance. In this review, several ways are mentioned in which the pharmacist, both the community pharmacist and the hospital pharmacist, can contribute to the safe use of drug. In addition to their responsibilities regarding drug dispensing and compliance, they can have a substantial role in ADR reporting.


Abstract : Research statistics has established the fact that physical work capacity declines as a consequence of aging. The question has been raised, however, if this decline is the inevitable result of senescence or merely due to changes in living habits. Great numbers of people have been observed not to comply with the statistics. One is inclined to explain such exceptions from the rule on the basis of extraordinary biological characteristics, but the real reason might be a more adequate balance of essential factors in daily life such as work, rest, tension, play, nutrition, physical activity, and others. As maximum performance capacity is only developed and maintained through hard training, the preservation of an acceptable level of work capacity requires frequent exposures to sufficiently high functional demands. Within this concept, two situations under experimental scrutiny are of interest: first, physiological parameters, indicative for physical performance capacity, were intraindividually measured over the years whereby changes of work capacity became apparent as consequence of trainiog, environment, inactivity, disease and retraining. The latter restored the functional adaptability at age 56 nearly to that observed at age 20-30. (Author)


Distraction osteogenesis is a recently developed option for surgical correction of the craniofacial discrepancy but there are few studies that look at the long-term effect of the relapse phenomenon. This study was conducted to look at the bone and muscle response at different consolidation and remodelling periods.
Thirty ten-week-old Merino lambs were subjected to this current study. The surgically created defect was performed on the experimental side (right) by superficial masseter myectomy and a condylectomy. The lambs showed a midline shift to the affected side three months later. Marker screws were placed on both sides of the mandible to examine the adjustment of the vertical and horizontal dimension of the mandible. In this present study, the left side was used as the control.
The affected mandible was surgically corrected using a vertical ramus distraction osteogenesis protocol. The latency period was 7 days where the device was inactive. Distraction was then performed at 1 mm per day until the distracted gap was 10 mm on a radiograph. Initially, the sheep were divided into 8 groups but later the groups were refined into 6 groups for statistical analysis;
Group 1: Immediately post distraction
Group 2: Consolidation 2 months and remodelling 1 month
Group 3: Consolidation 3 months
Group 4: Consolidation 3 months and remodelling 1 month
Group 5: Consolidation 3 months and remodelling 2 months
Group 6: Consolidation 4 months
A 'hemifacial microsomia like' defect was successfully created and it was then corrected using vertical ramus distraction. Cephalometric examination showed that the vertical height was significantly increased after the distraction was completed.
Examination of the bone and muscle was performed to look at the adjustment of bone structure in relation to relapse. The bone investigation was conducted using radiological analysis, histological analysis and direct measurement of the vertical screws at pre-distraction and at sacrifice as well as histomorphometric analysis. The radiological examination was conducted using cephalometric analysis of the distance between marker screws on both experimental and control sides. Bone histology was investigated on the middle and posterior position of the experimental side. The histomorphometric analysis was conducted using Quantiment analysis software.
The muscle responses and adaptation were investigated by measuring: the weight of the masseter and medial pterygoid muscles; length between 6 different points (4 landmarks); cross section and thickness of masseter muscles by ultrasound and by histopathological examination of both masseter and medial pterygoid muscles on the experimental and the control sides.
The distracted bone showed a completion of maturation after a three month consolidation period. Bone formation was shown to continue after longer consolidation periods. A two-month consolidation period was insufficient time for the bone to consolidate and stable, as there was evidenced of relapse during this period.
There was no…


Display and to provide a method of manufacturing a field emission. Flat panel display device of the present invention comprises: a first substrate; electron emitting component formed on the first substrate; a first substrate at a predetermined distance from the second substrate disposed at a distance, the first and second substrates forming a vacuum space; a light emitting assembly is formed on said second substrate, said light emitting electronic component emitted from said electron-emitting illuminating assembly; the assembly is provided with electron emission over the mesh grid.


(27/10/2019) Delay estimation on a railway-line with smart use of micro-simulation This paper formulates a delay propagation model that estimates total railway line delay as a polynomial function of a single primary delay. The estimate is derived from a finite series of delays over a horizon that spans two dimensions: the length of the railway line and the number of trains in the service plan. The paper shows that the total delay estimate is a cubic relation for small primary delays. A probabilistic approach is presented to combine the total delay functions of primary delays given to different trains. The final estimate is the total delay on railway lines, after a random incident has occurred. The model can be integrated in railway timetable analysis to reduce the number of necessary simulations, and can be used when the computation speed is an issue, such as on-line rescheduling algorithms. The model is demonstrated with an analysis of a Danish suburban railway.


Effectively Using Presentation Technology in the History Classroom by Scott Louis Johnson M.A., University of Iowa, 1998 Doctoral Project Study Submitted in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education K-12 Teacher Leadership Walden University June 2011


Beneath the Equator: Cultures of Desire, Male Homosexuality, and Emerging Gay Communities in Brazil. Richard Parker. New York: Routledge Press, 1998. xvi. 288 pp., figures, tables, notes, bibliography, index.

Travesti: Sex, Gender and Culture among Brazilian Transgendered Prostitutes. Don Kuhck. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998. xi. 269 pp., notes, references, index.

Beyond Carnival: Male Homosexuality in Twentieth-Century Brazil. James N. Green. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999. xiii+408pp.,illustrations,photographs,notes, bibliography, index.


The article aims to analyze one aspect of the logic of health care that is outlined in the universe of alternative, non-conventional, or complementary and alternative medicine, as the World Health Organization denominates them (WHO, 2002); we refer to the notion of self-reflection and self-knowledge as one of the dimensions of the therapeutic efficacy in a broad sense. It is worth noting that that this work is based on the research for a doctoral dissertation focused on analyzing the construction of therapeutic meanings within the framework of a particular form of alternative medicine (reflexology), which was carried out from a qualitative sociological perspective.


Rock geochemical methods are effective for geological surveys, but typical sampling and laboratory-based analytical methods are time-consuming and costly. However, using visible–near-infrared spectroscopy to estimate the metal element content of rock is an alternative method. This study discussed the potential of hyperspectral estimation of Cu and its significant associated elemental content. Ninety-five rock samples were collected from the Kalatage Yudai copper–nickel deposit in Hami, Xinjiang. The effects of different spectral resolutions, spectral preprocessing, band indices, and characteristic band selection on the estimation of the element contents of Fe, Cu, Co, and Ti were investigated. The results show that when the spectral resolution is 5 nm, good results are obtained for all four metal elements, Fe, Cu, Co, and Ti, with the coefficients of determination R2 reaching 0.54, 0.59, 0.41, and 0.78, respectively. The best results are obtained for all transformed spectra with continuum removal, inverse transformation, continuum removal, and logarithmic transformation, respectively. In addition, the accuracy of the estimation models constructed by combining band indices and feature band selection was superior compared with full-band spectra for Fe (R2 = 0.654, MAE = 1.27%, and RPD = 1.498), Cu (R2 = 0.694, MAE = 20.509, and RPD = 1.711), Co (R2 = 0.805, MAE = 2.573, and RPD = 2.199), and Ti (R2 = 0.501, MAE = 0.04%, and RPD = 1.412). The results indicate that using band indices can provide a more accurate estimation of metal element content, providing a new technical method for the efficient acquisition of regional mineralization indicator element content distribution.


Trial surveys have been carried out successfully with High Temperature SQUID (HTS) sensors for Time Domain EM applications in Africa where previously SQUID technology had been available only for LTS under exclusive rights to Anglo American. The HTS sensor coupled with a 24-bit SMARTem receiver proved a practical and cost effective field solution capable of acquiring much better low-noise TEM data than conventional coils and 16-bit receivers. A trial line of TDEM and MIP data over a Xade Complex target in Botswana is shown here to illustrate that effective penetration of severely conductive (100 Siemens) Kalahari and Karoo cover can be achieved. This means that the HTS technology now available has tremendous potential for exploring for sulphide or gold targets elsewhere in Africa below previously debilitating conductive cover with these geophysical methods.


The importance of the relationship between an institution and its constituents is examined through establishing a model of exchange relationship's three key important constructs (satisfaction, trust and commitment), which is adopted from the Customer Relationship Marketing/Management (CRM) concept. These three key constructs have been viewed as essential ingredients for successful long-term relationship in private sector CRM. The model is tested using data from the Building and Construction Authority (BCA) of Singapore. It is then compared with a rival model that does not have satisfaction, trust and commitment as mediating variables. The result shows that the model with the three key constructs as mediating variables is better. Understanding the impact of the mediating variables on outcome behaviours can lead to more participation and survival of the institution. Proposals for further research and the research limitation are given at the end of the paper.


To put space-based and airborne heterodyne instruments into operation at frequencies above 1 THz the superconducting NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) will be incorporated into heterodyne receiver as a mixer. At frequencies above 1.3 THz the sensitivity of the NbN HEB mixers outperform the one of the Schottky diodes and SIS-mixers, and the receiver noise temperature of the NbN HEB mixers increase with frequency. In this paper we present the results of the noise temperature measurements within one batch of NbN HEB mixers based on 3.5 mn thick superconducting NbN film grown on Si substrate with MgO buffer layer at the LO frequencies 2.5 THz and 3.8 THz.


Language economics as a discipline has been developed,however,the problem that the language economics studies; the approach to the study and the status of research are ignored by the people. The author divided the language of economics into four generations to address the problems that every generation of the economics of language studies and stated the links among the generations. This paper concluded with a discussion of the economics of language whether the problem has a unified paradigm,and operational technical line to make the discipline of academic research have a stronger normative. Certainly,the importance of the language as well as flexible approach about economics will enable the rapid development of this discipline.


Correction manoeuvres are as important as the other issues such as hardware selection, graft options, fusion and osteotomy techniques in the surgical treatment of spinal deformities. The property of materials demonstrating both viscous and elastic characteristics when undergoing deformation is called visco-elasticity. Purely elastic materials change in shape with a stress, and go back to their initial form when the stress is removed. However, visco-elastic materials, like the spine, may protect their new formation unless a back stress is applied. Time is a very important parameter during manoeuvre application to the spine because of its visco-elastic behavior. The most common correction manoeuvres that can be used for spinal deformities are rod de-rotation, distraction-compression, in situ rod bending, segmental de-rotation, en bloc de-rotation and cantilever. Spontaneous correction of a minor curve is possible after selective fusion of a major curve due to coupling phenomenon. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.170002. Originally published online at www.efortopenreviews.org


It was studied phytoprotectional and growthstimulant action of microbiological preparations that were worked out in the agricultural biotechnology laboratory of microbiological chair of Kazan State University. The efficiency of their using for biological control of agents of diseases different agricultural crops was shown. It was noted necessity of differential approach of using biopreparations. The choice of biopreparations as damages of seeds of agricultural crops is depend on results of phytopathological examination of sowing material and estimation of phytosanitarical situation at crops of agricultural plants.


In this paper a new authentication system using Finger Back Knuckle Surface is examined. This paper is intended to propose an effectual method for personal authentication using Finger Back Knuckle Surface. This method take advantage of the less number of features extracted from the Finger Back Knuckle Surface and the Angular geometric analysis is done to mine the distinguishable feature information which is computationally less complex. This is achieved by the determination of convex curves from the finger back knuckle surface. From the recognized feature curves, the subset features like Knuckle Edge points, Knuckle Tip points and Knuckle Base Points are identified. From these features, geometrical structures like scalene triangles were constructed to obtain feature information in terms of angle. This method reduces critical problems that arise due to the extraction of more number of features. Also reduces the computational complexity of the feature extraction and recognition process.


We propose a power model for the Nostrum NoC. For this purpose an empirical power model of links and switches has been formulated and validated with the synopsys power compiler. The model, which from now on will be called Nos-HPM (Nostrum high-level power model) allows a fast power analysis and is accurate within 5%. System simulations with Nos-HPM run up to 500 times faster than with power compiler for a 4 times 4 network. We find a maximum power consumption of 0.7 W for a 4 times 4 mesh and 3.5 W for an 8 times 8 mesh, both implemented in 0.18mum UPC CMOS technology. In the worst case the average energy per cycle for a 128-bit packet is 508 pJ, while it is 20 pJ for a payload byte. The power consumption of all the links is equivalent or slightly higher than the power consumption of all the switches. A comparison between our results and some related work is also presented


Stochastic Progressive Photon Mapping (SPPM) is a method to simulate consistent global illumination. It is especially useful for complicated light paths like caustics seen through a glass surface. Up to now, SPPM can only be applied to a static scene and noise‐free images require hours to compute. Our approach is to extend this method to dynamic scenes (DSPPM) for an efficient simulation of animated objects and materials. We identify both hit point and photon information that can be re‐used for the pixel statistics of multiple frames. In comparison to an SPPM simulation performed for each frame, we achieve a 1.96 −9.53 speedup in our test scenes without changing correctness or simulation quality.


Laryngeal schwannoma is extremely rare. We report the CT and MRI findings of a case occurring in a 65-year-oldwoman, and describe the pathologic correlation. Pre-contrast CT scanning revealed a right supraglot-tic mass witha slightly hyperdense central part and a hypodense peripheral part. Post-contrast CT scanning re-vealed anenhanced hyperdense central part and a rim-like hypodense peripheral part. The density of the pe-ripheral part waslower than that of muscle. The mass showed homogeneous low signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images, homogeneoushigh signal intensity on T2-weighted MR images, and an enhanced high signal intensity central part and a lowsignal intensity peripheral part on gadolinium enhanced T1-weighted images. The enhanced central part correlatedwith Antoni A areas and the peripheral part, showing low attenuation, correlated with Antoni B areas.


This paper presents ocean wave energy control using the Aquila optimization (AO) technique. An oscillating water column (OWC)-type wave energy converter has been considered that is fitted with a Wells turbine and doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). To achieve maximum power point tracking (MPPT), the rotor speed of the DFIG must be controlled as per the MPPT law. The MPPT law is designed in such a way that the Wells turbine flow coefficient remains within the threshold limit. It avoids the turbine from stalling which generates the maximum power. The MPPT law provides the reference rotor speed which is followed by the actual rotor speed. For this, a backstepping controller (BSC)-based rotational speed control strategy has been designed using the Lyapunov stability theory. The BSC has unknown control parameters which should be selected such that tracking errors are minimum. Hence, the objective of this work is to find the unknown control parameters using an optimization approach. The optimization approach of selecting BSC control parameters for an OWC plant has not been explored yet. To achieve this, an integral square error (ISE)-type fitness function has been defined and minimized using the AO technique. The results achieved using the AO technique have been compared with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and a genetic algorithm (GA), validating its superior performance. The rotor speed error maximum peak overshoot is least for AO-BSC as compared to PSO-BSC and GA-BSC. The fitness function value for AO comes out to be least among all the optimization methods applied. However, all tested methods provide satisfactory results in terms of turbine flow coefficient, rotor speed and output power. The approach paves the way for future research on ocean wave energy control.


Chapters 1 and 1A describe the myth of primordial creation. The chapters detail Ohrmazd's spiritual and later material creation of finite time, the earth, the Amahraspands (Beneficent Immortals), and other creations, including the sky, water, earth, and the primordial plant, cow, and man. The chapters also describe Ahriman's evil and nonmaterial countercreation, and the state of Mixture (gumezišn) that follows the onslaught of evil. Chapter 1A provides a more detailed and complete description of Ohrmazd's creation.


Recently a large number of tobacco planters in our country make it a rule to cover the seedlings transplanted in the field with polyethylene film or melamine coated paper for several weeks, because the coverings are thought to protect tobacco from the frost and to accelerate the growth on the early period. It seems to promise excellent quality and quantity of yield, but it is not always superior. The essential cause of this fact is that the response of growth to the environmental conditions, especially temperature, affected with those coverings has not yet been made clear. This paper deals with the growth of tobacco under the cover-culture in the natural field, and the following results are obtained. (1) The growth of tobacco is dependent upon temperature affected under the coverings, and accelerated by its increase up to a certain level. At the higher temperature over it the growth is retarded by contraries. This tendency is the same to that on the rate of leaf initiation reported in our previous paper. (2) The age of leaves is influenced indirectly by temperature on the early period. Tobacco accelerated growth makes their leaves mature faster, than that grown under low temperature, but tobacco encounterd higher temperature over an optimum, as it produces many leaves and requires too many days for flower-bud initiation and blooming, delays the maturity of leaves. (3) In the duration from transplantation to the blooming, the ratio of the dry matter weight of each organ to the total is scarcely changed with temperature. This suggests that the response in growth to temperature is not localized in a particular organ but under the high temperature, the total weight per leaf area is reduced. It is thought that it is an adaption to keep the balance between production and consumption of photosynthetic products.


In this article, we come up with a novel numerical scheme based on Haar wavelet (HW) along with nonstandard finite difference (NSFD) scheme to solve time-fractional Burgers' equation with variable diffusion coefficient and time delay. In the solution process, we discretize the fractional time derivative by NSFD  formula and spatial derivative by HWs series expansion. We use the quasilinearisation process to linearize the nonlinear term. Also, the convergence of the scheme is discussed. The efficiency and correctness of the proposed scheme are assessed by L∞-error and L2 -error norms.


Monitoring system can be performed both offline and online, and this research carries out the design of long-distance monitoring system for moving system. GPS module is used as system input containing position information of monitored system. This information is processed by the system and is sent by GSM module. On the receiver side, the data are compiled for monitoring system movement. The system is implemented using µC Cortex-M4 by applying Event Driven method. This method is applied for saving resource. The result shows good accuracy level which is measured based on monitoring with system position in the field


Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), which frequently leads to end-stage renal disease, currently has no specific drug therapies. Better understanding of its pathogenesis and recent clinical trials have led to more accurate diagnosis of the disease and its manifestations, as well as to promising new approaches to treatment. An overview of its pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, complications, and future possible treatment.


World Wide Web (WWW) is the most popular global information sharing and communication system consisting of three standards .i.e., Uniform Resource Identifier (URL), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Hypertext Mark-up Language (HTML). Information is provided in text, image, audio and video formats over the web by using HTML which is considered to be unconventional in defining and formalizing the meaning of the context...


The floating of a number of European currencies in 1992-93 created a new body of data on foreign exchange risk premia, or deviations from uncovered interest rate parity (UIP). In this paper, excess returns to investments in SEK, NOK, FIM, GBP, ITL and ESP against the DEM are investigated. First, univariate GARCH-M models are estimated for each currency and UIP is tested. UIP fares as badly on this data set as in most other studies. Then a latent factor GARCH model that takes common effects in the different currency markets into account is applied. The risk premia are modelled as functions of time varying factor variances. A Kalman filter is used to identify the unobservable risk factors. A one-factor model that allows for idiosyncratic risk seem to fit the data quite well. However, the puzzling finding is made that the factor risk does not appear to be priced. Copyright @ 1999 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. All rights reserved.


UPC2A is required for high-level azole antifungal resistance in Candida glabrata 1 2 3 Sarah G. Whaley, Kelly E. Caudle, John-Paul Vermitsky, Sean G. Chadwick, 4 Geoffrey Toner, Katherine S. Barker, Scott E. Gygax, and P. David Rogers# 5 6 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Pediatrics, 7 College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 8 Tennessee, USA; Children's Foundation Research Center at Le Bonheur Children's 9 Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Femeris Women's Health Research Center 10 Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, L.L.C., A Member of Genesis Biotechnology Group, 11 Hamilton, NJ, USA 12 13 Running Head: Upc2 and fluconazole resistance in C. glabrata 14 15 #Address correspondence to P. David Rogers, email@example.com 16 *Present address: Kelly E. Caudle, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, 17 Tennessee, USA. 18 19 AAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 27 May 2014 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/AAC.02217-13 Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.


Abstract Emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) extraction of low molecular weight organic acids resulting from whey fermentations was investigated. Rates of removal of lactic, acetic, propionic, and acrylic acids decreased as pH and concentration were increased. An ELM process for selective removal of acrylic acid from acrylic acid-propionic acid mixtures was developed through incorporation of a co-solvent (cyclohexanone) in the membrane phase of the emulsion. Degree of removal for each acid and, hence, selectivity among the acids appears to be determined by the water-membrane phase partition coefficient.


Closure of the neural tube represents a highly complex and coordinated process, the failure of which constitutes common birth defects. The serine/threonine kinase p21‐activated kinase 2 (PAK2) is a critical regulator of cytoskeleton dynamics; however, its role in the neurulation and pathogenesis of neural tube defects (NTDs) remains unclear. Here, the results show that Pak2−/− mouse embryos fail to develop dorsolateral hinge points (DLHPs) and exhibit craniorachischisis, a severe phenotype of NTDs. Pak2 knockout activates BMP signaling that involves in vertebrate bone formation. Single‐cell transcriptomes reveal abnormal differentiation trajectories and transcriptional events in Pak2−/− mouse embryos during neural tube development. Two nonsynonymous and one recurrent splice‐site mutations in the PAK2 gene are identified in five human NTD fetuses, which exhibit attenuated PAK2 expression and upregulated BMP signaling in the brain. Mechanistically, PAK2 regulates Smad9 phosphorylation to inhibit BMP signaling and ultimately induce DLHP formation. Depletion of pak2a in zebrafish induces defects in the neural tube, which are partially rescued by the overexpression of wild‐type, but not mutant PAK2. The findings demonstrate the conserved role of PAK2 in neurulation in multiple vertebrate species, highlighting the molecular pathogenesis of PAK2 mutations in NTDs.


Complete life histories in the STRIGEIDA are few and the result of comparatively recent investigations. Previous to 1920, the developmental stages of these trematodes were neglected by helminthologists, who were diverted by Leuckart's (1889) theory that the holostomes were "metastatic" trematodes having an alternation of hosts but not of generations. The basis for the theory was the superficial resemblance of developing holostome miracidia to tetracotyles found in nature. This similarity led Leuckart to the belief that tetracotyles develop directly from ova without the interpolation of a cercarial stage. Lutz (1921) showed that the tetracotyle of Cotylurus cornutus in Planorbis sp. developed from a furcocercous cercaria. This experimental demonstration and its confirmation by Mathias (1922) and Ruszkowski (1922) invalidated the "metastatic" theory and investigators turned with renewed interest to a study of the STRIGEIDA. The most intensive investigations in North America were carried out at the University of Michigan by La Rue and his students in the period since 1926. The first record of Posthodiplostomum minimum was made by Leidy (1856), who found the metacercaria encysted in the liver of a sunfish Lepomis sp. He erroneously identified this larval stage as Diplostomum cuticola von Nordmann, 1832, a European form encysted in the integument of fresh-water fish. Mac Callum (1921) inadequately described the adult from Ardea herodias (great blue heron) which died at the New York Zoological Park. He named this adult Diplostomum minimum. Agersborg (1926) described a metacercaria from Hyborhynchus notatus (blunt nosed minnow) which he named Diplostomum van cleavei. Hughes (1928) considered Agerborg's metacercaria identical with the metacercaria reported by Leidy (1856). Various strigeid larval types have been categorized as an aid to the recognition and description of morphologically similar larvae. Hughes (1927) erected the larval group Neascus to contain the metacercaria Neascus ambloplitis nov. sp. from a sunfish (= Uvulifer ambloplitis according to Hunter and Hunter, 1935) and Neascus cuticola (= Diplostomum cuticola von Nordmann, 1832). Recognized larval types were: TETRACOTYLE Filippi, 1854, in which the body is pyriform, with or without a small hind-body, with well developed lateral suckers, and with the reserve bladder in the form of large spaces; CODONOCEPHALUS Diesing, 1850, fore-body reduced to a flattened disc, lateral suckers absent, excretory system a complicated


Malcolm D. Reid, MD, MPP President Charles Rothberg, MD President-Elect Thomas J. Madejski, MD Vice President Joseph R. Maldonado, Jr., MD, MSc, MBA, DipEBHC Immediate Past President Gregory L. Pinto, MD Commissioner, Governmental Relations Thomas T. Lee, MD Assistant Commissioner, Governmental Relations Paul A. Pipia, MD Chair, Legislation and Physician Advocacy Committee Brian P. Murray, MD Vice-Chair, Legislation and Physician Advocacy Committee Phillip A. Schuh, CPA Executive Vice-President Morris M. Auster, Esq. Senior Vice-President, Legislative & Regulatory Affairs Patricia Clancy Vice-President, Public Health & Education John P. Belmont Vice-President, Legislative & Regulatory Affairs


Abstract The stability properties and design rules for a class of robust integrating regulators are considered. Passivity arguments are employed to define bounds on the parameters of an extended PID regulator and to establish the robustness of the closed-loop stability properties in the presence of sector-bounded non-linear elements in the feedback loop. This approach allows linear and non-linear single-input/single-output and multi-input/multi-oulput systems to be considered in the same framework.


The development of self-determination in individuals with severe disabilities is recognized as a critical goal for special education. Although increasing attention is being paid to this subject, efforts to date have focused largely on adolescents and young adults. It is highly unlikely that the characteristics associated with self-determination suddenly emerge in adolescence. This article calls attention to the need to look at the early roots of self-determination from a developmental point of view and examines the relationship of selected practices in early childhood special education to skills associated with self-determination. Curriculum and instructional approaches that appear to support the foundations of self-determination are discussed.


Objective: To analyse the CT characteristics of fungal maxillary sinusitis(FMS).Methods:Seven cases of FMS proved by operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results:(1)Nonhomogeneous mass and fluid accumulation around the lesion in maxillary sinus were found in all cases.(2) Five cases had calcification in the mass.(3)Localized bone proliferation of sinus wall was seen in five cases and bone absorbtion in six cases.(4)Mild nonhonmogeneous enhancement could be seen in the post-contrast images in one case.(5) one case was misdiagnosed as maxillary cancer before operation. Conclusion:CT findings of FMS have characteristic features,but it must be identified from maxillary cancer.


In order to solve the problems of high gas consumption and low battery power in hybrid electric buses, the logic threshold control strategy is optimized by the key technology research of driving conditions, control strategy, and so on. First, driving condition data of hybrid electric buses are collected and analyzed, and three typical working conditions are selected. Second, the torque distribution control strategy is investigated based on the instantaneous optimization algorithm. The objective function of the instantaneous equivalent fuel consumption is derived. The process of solving the objective function is attributed to linear programming problem of the nonlinear objective function. The SIMULINK model of instantaneous torque distribution strategy is established based on equivalent fuel consumption. On this basis, the SIMULINK model of the function which can be integrated into the vehicle control model is established. Then, considering the actual driving conditions of the bus, the vehicle control strategy model is established in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment, and the vehicle model established by the cruise software. Finally, the vehicle model is simulated under three representative working conditions. The main contribution of this paper is the optimized torque distribution control strategy to control hybrid electric bus's energy distribution and reduce emissions. The strategy can be obtained by combining the logic threshold torque distribution control strategy, along with the optimal engine torque and motor torque, which can be obtained by solving the objective function of instantaneous equivalent fuel consumption. Results show that compared with the logic threshold value torque distribution control strategy, the energy control strategy of the instantaneous optimization algorithm can further reduce gas consumption and maintain the state of charge value balance of the power battery.


Since 1996 the state of Nevada has been buffeted by a dramatic rise in construction defect litigation.1 In Clark County, which includes the greater Las Vegas area, there were nearly 170 construction defect lawsuits filed between 2000 and 2001.2 This surge of legal activity has triggered a number of profound economic consequences for the county and the state. Proponents of the homebuilding industry, who vigorously oppose the litigation, argue that one outcome has been a dramatic increase in insurance costs, estimated at a 500 percent increase between 1999 and 2003,' due to rising outlays for premiums and fewer choices of carriers.4 According to Jim Wadhams, general counsel for the Southern Nevada Home Builders Association, the Las Vegas Valley formerly had eight standard insurers issuing residential policies. Yet by 2002, the Valley only had three.' Moreover, partially in response to the cost of insur-


Recently various attempts are raised, which criticize Han-ki Choi's Ki-hak as inconsistent. They regard ethics-norms as contradictory to science-experience. They criticize Choi's Ki-hak is inconsistent because it insists on ethics-norms and science-experience at the same time. However, i don't regard ethics-norms as contradictory to science-experience. I insist on reductionist viewpoint that ethics-norms should be justified by science-experience. Choi' Ki-hak takes reductionist position. Choi's argument, that process of arriving at certain ethics-norm should be grounded upon Cheonjiwoonwha(Heaven-Earth-Becoming) doesn't mean that Heaven-Earth(Universe) is the objective substance which gives ethics-norm to people. It means that ethics-norm should find clues through scientific examination in order to make them more reliable. According to his Ki-hak Ilsinwoonwha corresponds to private ethics, Tongminwoonwha to social norms, and Cheonjiwoonwha to natural science. Sociobiology and neuroethics, which the study on ethics-norms can be reduced to the study on genes and brain, support Choi's reductionism of Ki.


With the completion of various whole genomes, one of the fundamental bioinformatics tasks is the identification of functional regulatory regions, such as promoters, and the computational discovery of genes from the produced DNA sequences. Confronted with huge amounts of DNA sequences, the utilization of automated computational sequence analysis methods and tools is more than demanding. In this article, we present an efficient feature selection to the promoter recognition, prediction, and localization problem. The whole approach is implemented in a system called MineProm. The basic idea underlying our approach is that each position-nucleotide pair in a DNA sequence is represented by a distinct binary-valued feature—the binary position base value (BPBV). A hybrid filter-wrapper, featuredeletion (or addition) algorithmic process is called for in order to select those BPBVs that best discriminate between two DNA sequences target classes (i.e., promoter vs. nonpromoter). MineProm is tested on two widely used benchmark data sets. Assessment of results demonstrates the reliability of the approach.


QUININE PREPARATIONS affect many biologic systems and are most widely used in the treatment of nocturnal leg cramps.' In fact, a recent double-blind crossover trial demonstrated the effectiveness of quinine for this prob-lem.2 Adverse effects of quinine range from cinchonism manifested as nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, and deafness to various hypersensitivity reactions. These reactions may present as generalized rash or pruritus or may be organ specific. An unusual effect of hypersensitivity to quinine is hepatotoxicity. Hepatic injury has been more commonly reported with the use of quinidine, its optical isomer, which generally leads to the development of granulomatous hepatitis.3


In this paper, the measurement frequency band was extended from 1.0 to 2.0 GHz in the method of measuring the dielectric properties in liquids based on comparison with reference materials. For that purpose, the interpolation formula was expanded to 11 points based on a combination of the method previously proposed by the author. In this case, a comparative expression to the reference material was applied to the coaxial feed type open-ended cut-off circular waveguide reflection method for the purpose of easily and instantaneously measurement of the dielectric properties. Moreover, S11 values were calculated via electromagnetic analysis for individual jig structure conditions and dielectric property values without actual S11 measurement under the condition that the tip of the measurement jig with open, short-ended conditions and with the test material inserted. The following investigation was carried out in order to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. The accuracy of the estimation formula was first theoretically and experimentally verified at 2.0 GHz for cases in which values indicating the dielectric properties of the reference material and the actual material differed. We also confirmed that the dielectric properties of liquid can be measured using an open-ended cut-off circular waveguide more simply and instantaneously than the conventional method even in the continuous frequency range from several limited discrete frequency data.


Iron(III) chloride-catalyzed cyclopentannulation of π-conjugated 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds is described. An interrupted vinylogous iso-Nazarov reaction of trienones was established in which cyclopenta[b]furan derivatives are obtained as single diastereomers.


Because of the influences of the location of sand and the structure of river bed, the threshold velocity of motionless sand has strong random. Random selection method(Monte Carlo) is firstly used to investigate random characteristics caused by the change of the location of loosely arranged single sand, and theoretical analysis. Among data of 6000 random tests, about 60% of dots is within the scope of ±18%, as comparing with the averaged threshed velocity. Because of the random features of the threshold velocity in engineering practice, the threshold velocity should not be regarded as a determinative value. In fact, the threshold velocity shifts in some scope. Simulating result coincides to the experimental data collected by Tang Cunben.


This paper introduced a new DC technique for the measurement of the thermal resistance of HBTs. The method is very simple, because it requires only standard I/sub C/-V/sub CE/ measurements at different baseplate temperatures, and it is able to account for the dependence of the thermal resistance on both the base-plate temperature and the dissipated power. We have obtained and shown consistent results extracted from devices with emitter area ranging from 90 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ (1 finger) to 1080 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ (12 fingers).


The paper examines the legal issues involved in the conduct of disciplinary enquiries in industry and outlines the process in conducting such enquiries. The paper highlights the shift of emphasis from "holding a proper enquiry" in the strict legal sense and postulates that punishment of a workman found guilty of misconduct has moved into the collective bargaining arena.