Gas well fracking potentially expose workers to fine fracking sand dust during operations. The pulmonary toxicity of inhaled silica dust is well known. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that toxicity of fracking sand dust (FSD) could be expressed at the level of ion transport in airway epithelium, which is involved in fluid balance in the lung. Conscious, male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed by inhalation in whole‐body chambers to 10 mg/m3 FSD that had been collected at gas well sites by NIOSH staff; control animals breathed filtered air. Exposures lasted 6 h/d for 4 d. The mass median aerodynamic diameter of FSD was 1.75 µm (MOUDI Model 110‐R, MSP Corp.); count median aerodynamic diameter was 227 nm (Scanning Mobility Particle; TSI Inc.). One day, 7 d and 27 d after the exposure, tracheal segments from euthanized animals were placed in Ussing chambers to measure short circuit current (Isc) and transepithelial potential difference (Rt). Responses to the Na+ channel blocker, amiloride (apical bath; 10‐4 M), the Cl‾ channel blocker, NPPB (apical bath; 10‐4 M) and the Na+,K+‐pump inhibitor, ouabain (basolateral; 10‐4 M), were then elicited. Exposure to FSD had no effect on basal Isc; Rt also was not affected, indicating that tight junction integrity was unaffected. Amiloride, NPPB and ouabain predictably decreased Isc and Rt. Exposure to FSD did not affect the magnitude of the responses to the ion transport blockers under any of the exposure conditions. The results indicate that, under the conditions of these experiments, inhalation of FSD does not affect ion transport in the airway epithelium of the rat.


This article, examining the qualia roles retrieved from the metaphorically/metonymically used body part terms in news texts, addresses the similarities and differences of such uses in Taiwan and China. Analyzing the behavior of xue 'blood' and 'bone', two corporeal terms with relatively high visibilities compared with rou 'flesh' and mai 'meridian' (Duann and Huang 2015) in the Chinese Gigaword Version 2 (Huang 2009), this research have the following findings: (1) For the use of xue 'blood', the agentive role predominates in both Taiwan and China, which is not in line with the argument in Duann and Huang (2015). (2) Regarding the use of gu 'bone', the telic role predominates. However, China uses it in personification much more often than Taiwan does. (3) The unique dimension of a place triggers the use exclusive to the place.


Tai-Hua Yang, Yi-Hsun Lin, Wei-Jr Lin, Li-Chieh Kuo, I-Ming Jou, Shyh-Hau Wang, Fong-Chin Su Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering & Institute of Medical Informatics Department of Occupational Therapy, Department of Orthopedics, Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, R.O.C. Orthopedic Biomechanics Laboratory, Division of Orthopedic Research, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota Email address: firstname.lastname@example.com INTRODUCION Trigger finger is one of the most common complaints in a hand surgeon's clinics. It was characterized by loss of normal gliding between tendon and pulley even with popping sensation or painful locking [1]. Sonography has been widely used to evaluate and diagnose the trigger finger for years by measuring the thickness and echogenicity of the A1 pulley, tendon thickness, fluid collection and other related parameters [2,3,4]. It also was used to assist release of A1 pulley [5]. For an average thickness of normal pulley around 0.5 mm, the resolution of clinical ultrasound scanners (frequency: 12 ~ 17 MHz) is inadequate to sensitively differentiate the complexity of tissues in the pulley system. Recently, ultrasounds with frequencies higher than 20 MHz have been used to measure the skin, the eye, and vasculature...etc. It can provide more detailed information and make imaging of soft tissues readily, so ultrasound signals can be utilized to further characterize properties of soft tissues quantitatively [6]. It is crucial to verify the quantitative acoustic properties of normal pulley system prior to they are further applied to clinical diagnosis. In this study, we used 31 MHz high-frequency ultrasound images incorporated with ultrasonic parameters to characterize the A1 pulley and adjacent soft tissues.


Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited 266 www.pccmjournal.org March 2018 • Volume 19 • Number 3 *See also p. 210.


1. The unnecessary war 2. Torokina and the Outer Islands 3. The Central Sector 4. The Northern Sector 5. The Southern Sector 6. Slater's Knoll 7. To Buin 8. Peace.


In this work, we developed a novel and sensitive sensor for the detection of heparin and protamine based on the inner-filter effect (IFE) between gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and bovine serum albumin-capped CdS quantum dots (QDs). The methodology enabled the use of a simple synthesis procedure for CdS QDs via a fast route using bovine serum albumin as a capping agent. The fluorescence of the QDs could be quenched by AuNPs based on the IFE. Protamine could effectively turn on the fluorescence due to the electrostatic attraction between protamine and the AuNPs. On the addition of both heparin and protamine, the IFE system was formed owing to the stronger interaction between heparin and protamine than that with the AuNPs, leading to a marked fluorescence quenching of the QDs. By measuring the fluorescence of the QDs, the concentration of protamine and heparin was evaluated. Under the optimized conditions, the proposed nanosensor could be used for protamine detection in the concentration range of 10–350 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 2.4 ng mL−1. The linear range for heparin anions was 10–300 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 2.2 ng mL−1. Furthermore, a simple and convenient method had been used for protamine and heparin detection in serum samples with satisfactory results.


The influence of the dosage, time and speed of agitation in the coagulation of the acid water generated by the Carolina mining company located in Hualgayoc-Cajamarca, using 5% FeSO4 as a coagulant has been studied. To perform the tests, 20 L of said water was collected, which presented significant values in terms of pH, total suspended solids, dissolved metals, turbidity, COD, with the main pollutants being dissolved metals. The method with which the best conditions were determined was the test jar and / or jar test, these were chosen based on compliance with DS-010-2010 MINAM. The results obtained after performing the jar test were: Do = 4 mL, Vag = 150 rpm, Tag = 8 minutes


The high temperature ( T = 1083–1388 K, 0.65–0.84 T _m) creep behavior of single crystalline Ni_3Al(Ta, B) was investigated. A change in the creep characteristics as a function of applied stress was observed at the uppermost testing temperatures of 1288 and 1388 K. At low applied stress levels the Norton law stress exponent is equal to 4.3; for higher stresses the stress exponent is equal to 3.2. Different creep curves were observed, depending on the value of the stress exponent. The change in stress exponent and nature of the creep curve correspond to a change in the controlling deformation mechanism from dislocation climb to viscous dislocation glide for Ni_3Al(Ta, B). The experimentally observed transition stress values between climb and viscous glide are in good agreement with values predicted from theory, assuming that the major force retarding viscous dislocation glide in Ni_3Al(Ta, B) is the antiphase boundary interaction.


The present invention relates to a frequency jump orthogonal frequency division multiple access method. The frequency jump orthogonal frequency division multiple access method of the present invention is a predetermined number of subcarriers (subcarrier groups) arranged at predetermined intervals in the entire usable frequency band as shown in the following formula for the modulated data sequence. A first step of assigning a frequency domain signal X (k) (comb symbol, k is a frequency index) of a comb pattern comprising: a second step of performing frequency jumps so that the comb symbol has an independent frequency offset; And a third step of transmitting the comb symbol by performing an inverse fast Fourier transform on the time domain signal x (n) (n is a time index).


community governance plays an important role in the social development, there were three typical modes in western countries: government-led mode, community autonomy mode and mixed mode. These three modes had well-established community management system, including complete law, convenient facilities, high-quality and professional services providers. International experience showed that the development of community governance mode corresponded to a country's fundamental political system. In contrast, Chinese community governance was still in the stage of exploration in both the urban and rural areas, most of community governance were the government-led mode. According to present situation, Chinese community governance still dominated by government. This literature review hackled the typical modes of community governance, considered that China should reform the community governance modes and change the powers allocation. Chinese government should improve the diversified co-governance system to promote the development of community autonomy governance. Key words—communities; governance; mode I.Basic Theories of Community Governance A. Basic Concepts of Communities Community was proposed by British scholar Maine


According to the restriction between the acquisition performance and the hardware consumption,a two-stage compressive acquisition method was proposed based on compressive sensing,specifically some coarse acquisition values can be got by the first stage,following by accurately detecting the signal in the values by the second stage. Firstly,the sparsity of DSSS signal in the correlation domain was explored,so as to build the sparsity transformation matrix. Secondly,the measurement matrixes and detection algorithms in both stages were produced according to the deterministic Walsh-Hadamard matrix. Finally,the acquisition performance of the provided method was analyzed theoretically in terms of the detection probability and the mean acquisition time,which was also verified by Monte Carle method. The theoretical analysis and the simulation results show that the novel method can use much less correlations to achieve the same performance as conventional parallel correlation-based methods.


The strong electroabsorption modulation possible using the quantum-confined Stark effect in Ge/SiGe quantum wells provides the working mechanism for efficient, CMOS-compatible photonic integrated modulators. We describe such a device employing a surface-normal asymmetric Fabry-Perot design.


This article is a discussion of another article in the same journal issue: "The Case Against Normal Plots of Effects" by Russel V. Lenth, on pages 91-97. Voelkel agrees with Lenth that a Pareto chart appears easier to understand than a half-no..


In recent years there has been a dramatic increase in the literature promoting increased institutional investor activism in the corporate governance of the companies in which they invest ('investment-companies') and in the overall shareholding by institutional investors in such companies. However, although we find there has been little research into the incidence or role of institutional investors in New Zealand, commentators suggest that the position in New Zealand likely reflects the characteristics of such investors in comparable jurisdictions. Research from the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia indicates that institutional investors do share some unique characteristics, but care must be taken that they are not viewed as a homogeneous group. We then examine the principal arguments put forward to justify why institutional investors should be active in the governance of investment-companies. These arguments are summarised into two principal categories, namely enhancement of the performance of the investment-company and improvements in the governance of that company. However, although the literature has focused on reasons why institutions should intervene, there has been less discussion on whether such investors can intervene. Accordingly we discuss in the New Zealand the legal and economic constraints against increased involvement. The legal barriers include the broad definition of director in the Companies Act 1993, which includes shadow directors or persons in accord with whose instructions the directors may regularly act; the problems of association under the Takeovers Code and the competing legal duties of certain institutional investors. We conclude that that the proposition for institutional investors to be active shareholders is more normative than realistic, given both the legal and economical barriers that actively discourage intervention by institutions in their investments. Finally we suggest that although legal impediments can be reduced through the passing of new legislation, the economic impediments are harder to overcome.


Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP) was intraperito-neally injected into mice bearing SCC VII or EMT6/KU tumors after 10 administrations of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BUdR) to label all the prolifer


A support structure, particularly along the concrete support structure, a fastening device for the pulling element in the tensioned belt shape, in which the pulling element is secured to the support structure and substrate, this is accommodated between the clamping possible clamping plate to the substrate, and, in a manner which is fixed by adhesion and tightening, when the anchoring device, clamping plates 14 and 15, the substrate 3,6, it is supported shape integrally in pulling direction of the tension element 1. Clamping plates 14 and 15, on both sides of the pulling element 1 has a holding protrusion 20 which respectively protrude to one lower, this holding protrusions, respectively,-out holding notch of the substrate 3 or 6 parts engages into 21, or to both sides, respectively has one holding projection 22, this holding protrusions, respectively, a stopper 23 that is coupled to the substrate 3,6 It is supported. Stoppers 23 and 25, the upper surface of the substrate 3 and 6, on either side of the end face of the clamping plate 14, 15, and / or the pushing convex portion which is welded in the region of this end face. Clamping plates 14 and 15, tension acts on the pulling direction of the element 1, with a removably attached to and positioning device 26, at the position of the clamping plate, the substrate 3,6 in the form of shaped integral support It can be fixed to. Positioning device 26 acting between the clamping plates 14, 15 and crosslinked 28 which is coupled with the substrate 3,6 is a thread rod 27.


The distribution pattern and habitat preference of barking deer ( Muntiacus muntjac Zimmermann) were analyzed during spring and rainy seasons of 2005 in Nagarjun Forest, Kathmandu. A total of 14 observations (seven males and seven females), 247 pellets and 118 footprints of barking deer were recorded in the spring and 14 observations (nine males and five females), 151 pellets and 140 footprints were recorded during the rainy season. The result showed uneven or clumped distribution patterns for deer in both spring (S 2 √X = 331.03 > 1; Χ ² = 331.02, p = 0.01) and rainy season (S 2 √X = 233.48 > 1; Χ ² = 233.48, p = 0.01). Among four types of habitats ( Schima wallichii forest, mixed broadleaved forest, pine forest and dry oak forest), the mixed broadleaved forest was much preferred in spring (RPI = 0.81) and pine forest during the rainy season (RPI = 0.15). Key words: Barking deer, Muntiacus muntjac , distribution, habitat preference, Nagarjun forest, Nepal Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.4(6) 2007 p.70-74


The progress of multimedia network technology has promoted the reform and development of adult education in China. At present, the use of multimedia network information technology through distance learning can meet the diversified social development requirements and adult student learning needs. It breaks the limits of time and space, so that people can learn anytime and anywhere, which has changed the learning method of adults. Colleges and universities should increase the construction of multimedia network resources, make full use of important teaching resources, speed up the exploration of adult English learning methods and build a complete adult English teaching system, so as to promote China's adult English teaching standards and achievements to advance to higher goals. Keywords—English teaching; adult vocational college; multimedia network technology


A ray optical description is presented for the TM wave guided by a slab of uniaxially anisotropic plasma. An interesting feature of the totally reflected ray within the slab is brought out.


In this paper, we study some of the properties of bipolar Pythagorean fuzzy subring of a ring and prove some results on these. We derive some important theorems and intersection and product are applied into the bipolar Pythagorean fuzzy subring of a ring.


Potato tuber yields depend on nitrogen (N) supply, which affects source–sink relations. Transcriptome sequencing of the foliar source using a single field trial identified gene expression responsive to 180 kg N ha−1. The expression of N-responsive genes was further analyzed in the next stage using a NanoString nCounter over an expanded number of foliar samples from seven field trials with varying N rates, sites, and cultivars. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression models of gene expression predictive of yield, total plant N uptake, and tuber-specific gravity (proxy for dry matter) were built. Genes in the LASSO model for yield were associated with source–sink partitioning. A key gene regulating tuberization and senescence, StSP6A Flowering locus T, was found in the LASSO model predicting tuber yield, but not the other models. An aminotransferase involved in photorespiratory N assimilation and amino acid biosynthesis was found in all LASSO models. Other genes functioning in amino acid biosynthesis and integration of sulfur (S) and N metabolism were also found in the yield prediction model. The study provides insights on N responses in foliage of potato plants that affect source–sink partitioning. Additionally, N-responsive genes predictive of yield are candidate indicators of N status.


To supplement research on the significance of Imperial hunting activities in Shang Dynasty, the author made an overall study in the following aspects: material supply, land reclamation, land protection against animals, military training and entertainment.


1. A method of manufacturing a steel having the structural load bearing capacity of the compound and through the tool (20) with the punch and counter-tool (30) due to local deformation of molded clinch connection (13), which is connected via the first metal part (11; 6.1, 6.2 ; 7.1) with the second metal workpiece (12; 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6; 7.2, 7.3) which is applied to each other and shall be verified first metal part (11; 6.1, 6.2; 7.1) and a second metal member (12; 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 7.2, 7.3) on the surface of the processing tool response (thirty); a punch tool carried supply (20); immersed punch both attached to each other metal parts (11; 12; 6.1, 6.3; 6.4; 6.2, 6.5, 6.6; 7.1, 7.2, 7.3) as long as due to local deformation will not be molded by a clinch connection (13 ); recovered punch, wherein the first metal part (11; 6.1, 6.2; 7.1) has a first thickness (t1), and the second metal part (12; 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6; 7.2, 7.3) has a second thickness (t2), when this total thickness (tt) of said parts of more than 8 mm, characterized in that the punch is configured rotationally symmetrical relative to the axis (24) of rotation, has at least one transition portion (21, 22) is conical in shape, tapering under angle (W, W1, W2) in the direction of immersion of the punch, wherein the first angle (W1) of the lower transition portion (21) leading to the end surface (23), ne It goes over a second angle (W2) of the upper transition section (22) and the first angle (W1) larger than the second angle (W2), while during the straining as upper transition portion (22) of the punch, at least partially immersed in the metal parts ( 11, 12). ! 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the steel constructs


Frequency stability of microgrids under islanded operation attracts particular attention recently. A new cooperative frequency control strategy based on centralized multi-agent system (CMAS) is proposed in this study. Based on this strategy, agents sent data and furthermore each component has its own to center operating decisions (MGCC).After deciding on the information, they are returned. Frequency control strategies include primary and secondary frequency control and disposal of multi-stage load in which this study will also provide a method and algorithm for load shedding. This could also be a big problem for the performance of micro-grid in times of disaster. The simulation results show the promising performance of the proposed structure of the controller based on multi agent systems. Keywords—Frequency Control, Islanded Micro-grid, Load shedding, Multi-agent System.


To determine the physiological adaption of two shade-tolerant, ground-cover Chrysanthemum grandiflorum cultivars, a greenhouse experiment was conducted with four shading treatments (transmittance of 25%, 50%, 85%, and 100%) with C. grandiflorumJinbuhuan and C. grandiflorumMeihong. Light response curve for each plant were measured by LI-6400. For each treatment, three leaves (i.e. three replicates) were selected and alternatively. Results showed that with increased shading, the plant height, leaf area, flower diameter, internode length, and total chlorophyll content (chlorophyll a + b) of the C. grandiflorum cultivars increased significantly (P<0.05); whereas, crown width, stem diameter, specific leaf weight (SLW), ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b (chlorophyll a/b), number of flowers, and number of branches decreased (P<0.05). Photosynthetic light compensation point (LCP), photosynthetic light saturation point (LSP), and dark respiration rate (Rd) also decreased (P<0.05)as physiological adaptability to light decreased. Moderate shading (85% transmittance) improved photosynthetic capacity and reduced photo inhibition; even with 25% transmittance, normal flowering occurred. However, physiological adaption of cultivars varied according to the range of ecological adaptation to light intensity with C. grandiflorumJinbuhuan being broader than C. grandiflorumMeihong. [Ch, 2 fig. 6 tab. 24 ref.]


(1) Department of Radio and Space Science, Chalmers University, Gothenburg, Sweden, (2) Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain (3) Department of Earth Sciences, Gothenburg University, Sweden, (4) Centro de Estudios Ambientales del Mediterraneo, Paterna, Spain, (5) Department of Geography, Cambridge University, United kingdom, (6) Instutute for Environmental Physics, Heidelberg University, Germany (email@example.com) / Fax: +46 31 7721884 / Phone: +46 31 7725654)


Manganese oxides can undergo an electrochemical activation step that leads to greater capacitances, of which the structural change and mechanism remains poorly understood. Herein we present a wide-ranging study on a manganese oxide synthesised by annealing manganese(II) acetate precursor to 300 °C, which includes in operando monitoring of the structural evolution during the activation process via in situ Raman microscopy. Based on powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron and ex situ Raman microscopy, the as prepared manganese oxide was characterised as hausmannite-Mn3O4 with a minor portion of MnO2. The activation process of converting as-prepared hausmannite-Mn3O4 into amorphous MnO2 (with localised birnessite structure) by electrochemical cycling in 0.5 M Na2SO4 was examined. After activation, the activated MnOx exhibited capacitive performance of 174 F g−1 at a mass loading of 0.71 mg cm−2. The charge storage mechanism is proposed as the redox reaction between Mn(III) and Mn(IV) at outer surface active sites, since the disordered birnessite-MnO2 does not provide an ordered layer structure for cations and/or protons to intercalate.


This study examines if the selected seven Indian companies from FMCG sector listed on NSE, have created shareholder's value, in terms of Economic Value Added (EVA) and Market Value Added (MVA) during the five years from 2010 to 2014. EVA is trademark of Stern Stewart Co, who conceptualized the term. Their contention is that EVA has got better predictive power in analyzing the financial performance of a company than other traditional methods like ROIC, EPS, ROA, ROS and ROE. MVA is taken as a proxy for determining the market value of the firms. In the present study, data of seven companies - Britannia, Marico, Dabur, ITC, HUL, Emami and Godrej - is analyzed to test the same. Correlation and Multiple Regression are used to test the claim. The Study supports Stern Stewart's claim that the EVA is a better predictor of market value of the firms in terms of MVA compared to EPS and is successful in indicating stronger relationship and relevance to capital markets than other traditional measures.


De Vries-like materials show small layer shrinkages at the SmA to SmC transition and can therefore be applied in surface-stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal displays. Here we report the synthesis and...


In this paper, the noise pressure propagated in the air on account of the engine revolution of a stern trawler, Sae-Ba-Da(G. T. 2275.71) was measured at the check points No.1 through No.43 when the vessel was cruising, towing nets, and drifting. The experiment was carried out in the period from August 23 to October 22, 1978 at the locations of lat. 47'N, long. 34'E; lat. 24'N, long. 23'E; and lat. 01'N, long. 04'E. In case of cruising, noise on the weather deck came from funnel noise. The highest noise pressure was 92dB at observation point No.9 where tile noise pressure from main engine was 105dB when the engine was operated at 730rpm and sorely propeller pitch. The noise measured was reduced to 90dB at observation point No.9 when the screw propeller pitch was changed to that resulted in reduction of engine to 103dB. In case of towing net, the main engine revolution and screw propeller pitch was fixed at 730rpm and respectively. But the engine noise pressure was increased up to 106dB due to the towing resistance by 14 tons of the nets, and the noise pressure was 90dB at No.9 point. A hight noise was also generated from screw because of the towing reoistance and could be measurable even in the wall of the insulated freezing room. When the vessel was drifting: the noise pressure from the generator operated, at 720rpm was 100dB. This caused 87dB noise pressure at No.9 point. The noise pressure in the boarding or residence sections was 45 to 60dB in each case of cruisinrg towing net or drifting but it was so high as 82dB on the open deck that voice could hardly be heap.


Continuing professional development is often seen as a means of protecting professional autonomy and maintaining privileged status. This article explores recent debates. A missing perspective on how professional learning occurs is explored using practice-based learning. The purposeful practice of professionals is considered with particular attention to instances of `hot' action, situations where professionals are required to make on-the-spot decisions with little time for deliberation. We demonstrate that it is at such moments that, through articulation and in dialogic relations, professionals can arrive at new understandings of their work; this we term `CPD-on-the-run'. Our research findings are from a collaborative study of lawyers and we report some of the significant ways in which these professionals learn and the context. Our findings suggest there is a need to shift policies away from the predominant focus on individuals towards a concern with informal and spontaneous collective interaction in practice.


A display control unit of a display control device which displays a cursor on a display screen on the basis of a detection result of a user line-of-sight direction and a detection result of a manual operation, stops execution of line-of-sight cursor display processing (S180) in cases (S150: NO) when the manual operation of an operation device is not detected by a manual-operation detection unit, even if (S120: YES) the user line-of-sight direction with respect to the display screen has been detected by a line-of-sight detection unit. As a result, if the user only moves his/her line of sight in order to view content displayed on the display screen, the cursor is not displayed on the content. Furthermore, in cases when the user wishes to move the cursor, execution of the line-of-sight cursor display processing (S180) can be permitted by performing (S150: YES) an action which is natural to the user, namely using the operation device. Accordingly, usability for the user can be further improved.


The aim of the study was to design and propose an assessment tool which lets physical education teachers assess and traduce these results in useful guidelines for students. The sample was formed by physical education teachers from the cities of Albacete and Murcia (n=7). A non probabilistic sampling, based in a criterion was used. The design was descriptive, and was carried out through an interpretative cases-study. The study consisted in three different phases: 0) theoretical framework making; 1) the exploratory one, where interviews which experts were done for the obtaining of study indicators; 2) the selection of the items and the creation of the tool: HEVA-DI 1.0 (Diagnosis Assessment Tool) were done, HEVADI 1.0 lets to manage and to do an assessment from students and create qualitative reports from students' assessment.


High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) represent physiological carriers of lipids and proteins, the activity of which has been related to cardiovascular health for decades [...].


Motivated by a special consideration in quantum measurement, we present a new improved energy-momentum tensor. The new tensor differs from the traditional canonical and symmetric ones, and can be derived as Nother current from a Lagrangian with second derivative. We also attempt to construct a gravitational coupling in such a way that the new energy-momentum tensor becomes the source of the gravitational field. The theory we obtain is of an Einstein-Cartan type, but derived from a minimal coupling of a Lagrangian with second-derivative, and leads to additional interaction between torsion and matter, including the scalar field. For the scalar field, the theory can also be derived in the Riemann space-time by a non-minimal coupling. Our study gives hint on more general tests of general relativistic effects.


In this paper we examine the well-posedness and illposedeness of the Cauchy problems associated to a family equations of ZK-KP-type # ut " uxxx  ́ H D α xuyy ` uux, up0q " ψ P Z in anisotropic Sobolev spaces, where 1 ď α ď 1, H is the Hilbert transform and D x is the fractional derivative, both with respect to x.


We made magnetometer and ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys over part of the foundation of a World War II-era foundry located on the Denver Federal Center. The site-contains a number of highly magnetic source bodies, concrete foundation walls, and underground openings, buried under a clay cap. The cap is several feet thick and has a conductivity of about 35 mS/m, making the features underneath it a poor target for conventional GPR. Indeed, the raw data look unlike typical GPR data, but rather show reverberation (?) bands under sidewalks and other shallow buried sources. Using a newly-written computer package, we made plan maps of the GPR response at different time slices. The sliced GPR data did not outline buried foundry foundations, as we had hoped it might. The resulting plan maps of the sliced data show sidewalks and other blobby features, some of which correspond to magnetometer highs.


METHODS PATIENTS STUDIEDSixty-three inpatients werestudied whileona general medical ward.Nineteen hadno evidence ofgastrointestinal orbonedisease and44had somecondition whichmightaffect calcium absorption. Ofthese 13werepatients withprimary biliary cirrhosis, andseven hadgluten-sensitive enteropathy. Therewere also individual cases ofidiopathic hypercalciuria, multiple myeloma, andpostnecrotic cirrhosis. Clinical details of manyofthesepatients havebeengivenelsewhere (Kehayoglou, Agnew,Holdsworth, Whelton, andSherlock, 1968). Thediet before admission tothewardwas assessed bydietary survey: thecalcium content varied widely from357to2,580 mg daily andthevitamin D content from35to2,500 IUdaily. Mostpatients were studied onceonlybut17wereretested fourto12weeks after intramuscular vitamin D (Calciferol) hadbeen given according totheregime 100,000 IUweekly forfour doses, followed by100,000 IUmonthly.


The freezing tolerance of many plants, such as pea (Pisum sativum), is increased by exposure to low temperature or abscisic acid treatment, although the physiological basis of this phenomenon is poorly understood. The freezing tolerance of pea shoot tips, root tips, and epicotyl tissue was tested after cold acclimation at 2°C, dehydration/rehydration, applications of 10 -4 M abscisic acid (ABA), and deacclimation at 25°C. Tests were conducted using the cultivar 'Alaska', an ABA-deficient mutant 'wil', and its 'wild-type'. Freezing injury was determined graphically as the temperature that caused 50% injury (T 50 ) from electrical conductivity. Endogenous ABA was measured using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay, and novel proteins were detected using 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The maximum decrease in T 50 for root tissue was 1°C for all genotypes, regardless of treatment. For 'Alaska' shoot tips and epicotyl tissue, exogenous ABA increased the freezing tolerance by -1.5 to -4.0°C, while cold treatment increased the freezing tolerance by -7.5 to -14.8°C. Cold treatment increased the freezing tolerance of shoot tips by -9 and -15°C for 'wil' and 'wild-type', respectively. Cold acclimation increased endogenous ABA concentrations in 'Alaska' shoot tips and epicotyls 3- to 4-fold. Immunogold labeling increased noticeably in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the epicotyl after 7 d at 2°C and was greatest after 30 d at the time of maximum freezing tolerance and soluble ABA concentration. Cold treatment induced the production of seven, three, and two proteins in shoot, epicotyl, and root tissue of 'Alaska', respectively. In 'Alaska' shoot tissue, five out of seven novel proteins accumulated in response to both ABA and cold treatment. However, only a 24 kDa protein was produced in 'wit' and 'wild-type' shoot and epicotyl tissues after cold treatment. Abscisic acid and cold treatment additively increased the freezing tolerance of pea epicotyl and shoot tissues through apparently independent mechanisms that both resulted in the production of a 24 kDa protein.


Multiscale or multi-physics modeling play a major role in many important problems today. In the past few years, there have been increasingly growing research activities aiming at developing novel multiscale computational methods. In this work, we focus on one challenge multiscale heterogeneous problem, modeling electromagnetic wave scattering from a composite unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Two new computational electromagnetic methods have been developed. One is based on homogenization theory and considers the microscopically heterogeneous system to be a macroscopically homogeneous system by averaging our the fine scales. The other method is to model the full system with complex scale interactions using a novel finite element based multilevel domain decomposition method. Numerical results calculated from these two methods agree very well with each other, which verify the effectiveness and accuracy of both of the two methods.


Continuous improvement approaches to school reform involve the use of data to understand a problem and test and refine potential solutions. In this paper, we describe how educators come to understand and use data for continuous improvement within a large, urban district. We find evidence that educators are likely to draw on a mix of evidence as well as evidence substitutes when refining the innovation at the school-level. While implementation teams considered outcome data, they gravitated towards perceptual data. They used this data to make small improvements to the innovation but also to gauge the level of teacher buy-in and make modifications that would better meet teachers' needs. Acknowledgment: The research reported here was supported by the Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, through Grant R305E100030. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent views of the Institute or the U.S. Department of Education.


Objective: To verify the incidence of caesarean and vaginal delivery in women treated in a public hospital in the city of Pedro Juan Caballero - Paraguay and to know the most frequent indications for caesarean operations. Material and methods: The study was descriptive, retrospective, and documentary, based on information from medical records. The data collection place was the Pedro Juan Caballero Regional Hospital, Paraguay. The population chosen for the study consisted of pregnant women from 14 years of age, in the period from June 2018 to June 2019, totaling 2,087 records. 2087 records were analyzed, of which 200 deliveries by caesarean section were selected 200 records of deliveries by caesarean section performed in this period (26.28% of the total). Results: 761 cesarean sections were registered, corresponding to 36.28% of deliveries and 1,326 vaginal deliveries. Cesarean section was more prevalent among women between 24-27 years of age, representing 24% of the total. Among the indications for caesarean section, it was observed that 16.5% were for a previous caesarean section, 11% for preeclampsia, 10.5% placental abruption, 10% for fetal bradycardia, and 8.5% for breech presentation, all These indications represented 56% of the total number of cesarean deliveries evaluated. Conclusion: The cesarean delivery rate was high in the investigated Hospital (36.28%), when the WHO established a desired rate of up to 15%. The most frequent indications found in this study were Cesarean section, Preeclampsia, Placental abruption, and Fetal bradycardia.


This study aims to identify policy innovations in BUMDesa and their contribution to increasing village original income (PADesa). This study uses exploratory qualitative methods through in-depth interviews with actors who are directly involved with BUMDesa Larasati and related external parties. The results of the research were then analyzed using the perspective of Neo-Institutionalism. This study found that the policy innovations formulated and implemented by BUM Desa Larasati were inseparable from the role of critical actors within the Village Head of Kendalbulur. The Village Head has full support from internal BUMDesa and the Village Consultative Body—in addition to interactions with external institutions such as the Tulungagung DPMD, Banking, and PT. POS, East Java Village BUM Clinic, makes it easy to make policies. Policy innovation has significantly increased PADesa in the last three years. BUM Desa Larasati is already a legal entity and is ready to compete with other agencies. For this reason, synergy is needed between OPD and the private sector regarding assistance to BUM Desa so that human resources and their existence are properly maintained.How to cite item: Irawan, Jairi, Bintoro Wardiyanto, and Erna Setijaningrum. "BUMDesa Policy Innovation to Increase Village Authenticity in a Neo-Institutionalism Perspective." Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum. 14 no. 1 (2023):9-20. DOI: 10.26905/idjch.v14i1.9871.


A hybrid projection iterative algorithm was introduced for finding a common element of the set of solutions of an equilibrium problem and the set of fixed points of an asymptotically nonexpansive mapping in a Banach space.The strong convergence theorems are proved by using generalized projection operator.


The objective of this paper is to find out how Positive emotions, forgiveness, resilience and gratitude play a very essential role for a society to act positively. These together are extremely important for mental health and an overall balanced personality. Chronic stress from negative attitudes and a feeling of helplessness & hopelessness can upset the body's hormone balance and deplete the brain's chemicals required for feelings of happiness as well as have a damaging impact on the immune system. This article brings out that how healthy attitude not only helps a person to cope up with the worst circumstances and negativity but to also overcome it with brilliance. Here we have shed light on the importance of positivity for an individual to have better living conditions and hence, a stable society, and we also have discussed how one can have a positive outlook for various difficulties in the current living conditions.


Data mining is a technique which extracts the information from the large amount of data. To group the objects having similar characteristics, clustering method is used. K-means clustering algorithm is very efficient for large data sets deals with numerical quantities however it not works well for real world data sets which contain categorical values for most of the attributes. K-modes algorithm is used in the place of K-means algorithm. In the existing system, the initialization of Kmodes clustering from the view of outlier detection is considered. It avoids that various initial cluster centers come from the same cluster. To overcome the above said limitation, it uses Initial_Distance and Initial_Entropy algorithms which use a new weightage formula to calculate the degree of outlierness of each object. K-modes algorithm can guarantee that the chosen initial cluster centers are not outliers. To improve the performance further, a new modified distance metric -weighted matching distance is used to calculate the distance between two objects during the process of initialization. As well as, one of the data preprocessing methods is used to improve the quality of data. Experiments are carried out on several data sets from UCI repository and the results demonstrated the effectiveness of the initialization method in the proposed algorithm.


A long debate among scholars about the effect of feedback on students writing has never come to the end. Since Truscott (1996) claimed that error correction is not useful and even harmful, some researchers then come up with their findings in reaction to this claim (Hyland, 1998; Ferris, 2006; Ellis, et.al.. 2008; Sheen, 2010). They proved that feedback provision on students' writing is still required because it is able to improve students' writing. However, it is still a question, what type of feedback is most effective to improve students' writing? This study aims to find out the effectiveness of direct and indirect feedback in EFL writing performance. Sixty-three students participated in this study, divided into three groups: 2 experimental groups and one control group. They were required to write five essays with different topics. Then, their papers were provided with different feedback: direct and indirect feedback for the experimental groups and peer feedback for the control group. When their papers were returned, the students were required to rewrite and revise their papers based on the corrections given by the teacher. The final versions of the papers were assessed in terms of content, organization, vocabulary, grammar, and mechanics to find out how effective one particular type of feedback improve the students' writing performance. The findings revealed that the three types of feedback were able to improve the students' writing performance.


The Hongshi copper deposit is hosted in the volcanic rocks of the Daliugou Group in the Kalatage area,eastern Tianslian,NW China. The main orebodies are vein type and controlled by NS- or NW- trending faults. The mineralization styles include quartz vein type and breccia rock type. The ores have commonly vein,drusy or miarolitic structures; main metallic minerals are pyrite,chalcopyrite and sphalerite; the gangue mineral is mainly quartz. The wide hydrothermal alteration includes sericitization,silication,chloritization,epidotization and carbonatation. The ore- forming process can be divided into the early,middle and late stages, and characterized by quartz- pyrite,quartz- sulfide and quartz- carbonate veins respectively. The study of fluid inclusion composition in quartz from the Hongshi copper deposit indicated that the metallogenic fluid system was characterized with the low temperature and low salinity. Geological and fluid inclusion characterisitics of the Hongshi copper deposit suggest that the copper mineralization is similar to the epithermal mineralization system. Therefore,we propose that the Hongshi copper deposit may be considered as an epithermal copper deposit.


According to the archeological findings in the recent years,Huten'er dance has been found in the Beiqi Anyang Stone bed,Miho stone bed collected in Japan,Zhou′an Anjia Stone bed in Xi′an,Yuhong tomb stone of Sui dynasty in Xi′an.Since 1909,a group of bone-keeping urns have been found incidentally in the Biya-Nayman site to 70 km away from Samarkand and it immediately caused the attention of the academic circle.In the recent years,the discussion of the interpretation of the picture has just begun.The interpretation of the singing,dancing and deity on the Sogdian Bone-keeping Urn will bring Chinese scholars elicitation and reference.


Goldenhar syndrome is a congenital disorder with diverse clinical presentation. This case series describes variousclinical manifestations of Goldenhar Syndrome. Materials and Methods: 11 patients at least two of the described features of Goldenharsyndrome were randomly included in the study to form a case series. Clinical data of all these subjects was documented, described inpercentages and analyzed. Results: Out of the 11 patients studied, 6 were females and 5 males. Mean age was 7.3 years (ranging from 1year to 23 years). 7 (63.6%) patients had a limbal dermoid, 6 (54.5%) patient had mandibular hypoplasia, whereas only 3(27.3%)presented with hemifacial microsomia. Spinal defects and polydactyly were present in (36.4%) patients each. There was one patient (9%)who had both microphthalmia and lid coloboma in addition to limbal dermoid. Similarly, renal defect (atrophic kidney), cleft upper lip andpalate and CNS defect (7th nerve palsy) were present in one patient (9%) each. None of our patients had either cardiac or GIT defect.Conclusions: In our study we were able to document the variable manifestations of Goldenhar syndrome with their frequencies. Thisknowledge base will help us in planning treatment and assistance strategies or these patients.


The "cognitive revolution" in psychology is often framed as a departure from associationist principles rooted in animal learning research, yet it is clear that these principles have immediate relevance for contemporary questions in cognitive and social psychology. Intuitions about the consequences of learning procedures can easily be misleading, making these principles particularly important. To illustrate this point, we identified recent examples of studies applying a particular learning paradigm—response-reversal training—to the study of three different psychological problems (e.g., why objects in the right side of space are preferred to those in the left in right-handed people). The strategy of each study was to alter a typically encountered contingency once in the laboratory, in order to reverse a hypothesized learned response. Yet, contrary to intuitions, we demonstrate that behavior changes can be observed without the reversal of a prior association. Further, many different associative changes can underlie response reversals. We focus on these examples of response-reversal training, but our broader aim is to help connect the animal learning literature to problems in cognitive and social psychology in an effort to strengthen the inferences that might be drawn about learned associations in these contexts.


Several radio pulsars have now been shown to emit giant pulses that align in phase with high energy emission rather than with their integrated pulse components. We investigate whether timing of giant and γ-ray pulses can be used to improve limits on the energy scale of quantum gravity by placing bounds on the energy dependence of the speed of light. We find good sources for this experiment are putative Crab-like pulsars in M31, which should in principle be detectable by the current generation of radio telescopes. However, the detection of pulsed emission from their γ-ray counterparts seems unlikely in the near future.


This month, Steven Chu, Claude Cohen‐Tannoudji and William Phillips will doff their laboratory clothes and don white tie and tails to receive the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics in Stockholm. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences selected these three "for the development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light." Thanks to these methods, neutral atoms have now been slowed to speeds below a few centimeters per second, corresponding, for helium atoms, totemperatures of a few hundred nanokelvin. To bring atoms to such a crawl, the researchers broke not one but two barriers originally thought to limit the temperatures to which atoms could be cooled.


Summary:  Purpose: Aim of the study is to investigate the involvement of parahippocampal subregions in the generation and in the propagation of focal epileptiform discharges in an acute model of seizure generation in the temporal lobe induced by arterial application of bicuculline in the in vitro isolated guinea pig brain preparation.


The paper takes as an example the article of extracting Mr. Qian Zhong-shu's Supply and Revise to Song Shi Ji Shi which hasn't been published .By analyzing the article's supply and revise to Song Shi Ji Shi,the author thinks that the book of Supply and Revise to Song Shi Ji Shi may help us to evaluate Qian Zhong-shu's achievement on the research of poems in the Song Dynasty.Furthermore,it has the indispensable value to revise and perfect Quan Song Shi.


We are developing an intelligent tutoring system that helps beginning law students learn argumentation skills through the study of transcripts of oral argument sessions before the US Supreme Court. These transcripts exemplify complex reasoning processes in which proposed decision rules are evaluated by holding them against real and hypothetical cases. As a first step, we investigated (without computer-based support) how to design good self-explanation prompts. In well-structured domains, generic prompts (e.g., "Explain.") may be most effective, because they leave students more latitude in discovering deficits in their own knowledge. However, in an ill-defined domain such as legal reasoning, specific prompts, which ask students to interpret a transcript in terms of a specific argumentation framework, may be more likely to help them arrive at insightful interpretations. In an experiment with 17 beginning law students, we found that the less able students (as measured by LSAT scores) learned better with specific prompts, as hypothesized, but the more able students learned better with generic prompts. This interaction was seen on test items that asked students to make arguments about a legal issue similar to that encountered in one of the transcripts. There was no significant interaction on items where students were asked to interpret a transcript dealing with a new area of the law (as opposed to making arguments). Thus, for less able learners in an ill-defined domain, the advantages of specific prompts outweigh those of generic prompts. It is surprising however how quickly the balance tips in favor of generic prompts. We are currently analyzing students' self-explanations to provide a deeper interpretation of the results.


Micro-credentials, digital badges and industry-recognised certificates have been attracting considerable attention in recent years and with the disruption of many jobs due to the pandemic, interest in continuing education has grown. Micro-credentials represent an alternative approach to career and professional development (Ghasia, Machumu, & De Smet, 2019, p. 219; LaMagna, 2017, p. 207). These credentialed … industry aligned short units of learning' are described by Wheelahan & Moodie (2021, p. 212) as an extension of '21st century skills' and the discourse of employability in higher education. Graduate employability has become heavily integrated into modern higher education policy frameworks, but what does this actually mean from a student perspective?


We impute a global social welfare function that is consistent with the burden sharing in the Kyoto Protocol and in two proposals for a post-Kyoto treaty. The Kyoto Protocol favored the EU. The Frankel proposal for a post-Kyoto treaty continues the favorable treatment of the EU, while the EU proposal puts more weight on the wellbeing of other OECD countries at the expense of its own residents. Ignoring income differences, the EU proposal for a post-Kyoto treaty favors developing countries. However, if income differences are taken into account, the EU proposal is not at all generous to developing countries.


Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) is a drug delivery system frequently utilized in modern oncology practice. Though generally safe and easy to handle, it may be associated with complications. We present an uncommon case of fracture of PICC and subsequent embolization to pulmonary vessels.


For more than a decade Australian jurisdictions have enthusiastically embraced wide-reaching laws for the forfeiture and confiscation of the proceeds of crime. These were offered as new and potent weapons against organised crime. Despite the lack of evidence regarding its effectiveness, this type of legislation has become progressively more severe. This paper enquires how such legislation has been applied in practice over the past ten years, whether it has been properly targeted, whether it has achieved its intended deterrent effect, and whether the enactment of ever more draconian measures is the appropriate policy response.


Based on the school based curriculum, the purpose of studying English in Senior High School is that the students are able to access the knowledge by using the language ability. MA Al-Qasimiyah Sorek Satu Pelalawan is one of the schools that also implies the School Based Curriculum as its guidance in teaching and learning process. After doing observations at MA Al-Qasimiyah Sorek Satu Pelalawan, the researcher found some problems. They were: some of the students were fear of making mistakes while they were speaking in front of the class, some of them were nervous facing the English test, some of them were difficult to concentrate while they were learning English, some of them did not enjoy in learning English, some of them felt anxious in learning English and some of them still have score under the minimum standard curriculum of English lesson The objectives of the research were to find out the students' anxiety of the first year at MA Al-Qasimiyah Sorek Satu Pelalawan, to find out students' achievement in learning English of the first year at MA Al-Qasimiyah Sorek Satu Pelalawan, and to find out whether there is a significantly positive or negative correlation between students' anxiety and their achievement in learning English of the first year students at MA Al-Qasimiyah Sorek Satu Pelalawan or not.
The population of this research was the first year students of MA AlQasimiyah Sorek Satu Pelalawan. There were two classes of the first year students, class 1A (18 students) and class 1B (20 students), so the number of population was 38 students. Then the writer took all of population as the respondents. The technique of collecting the data was questionnaire and documentation. The technique of data analysis used Pearson product moment correlation coefficient by using SPSS 16.0 program in order to find out whether or not there was a significantly negative correlation between students' anxiety and their achievement in learning English of the first year students at MA AlQasimiyah Sorek Satu Pelalawan .
Based on the data analysis, it was found that ro 0.755 was higher than rtable at level 5% (0.329) and level 1 % (0.424). In conclusion, null hypothesis(Ho) was rejected and Hypothesis alternative (Ha) was accepted. In other words, there is a significantly negative correlation between students' anxiety and their achievement in learning English of the first year at MA Al-Qasimiyah Sorek Satu Pelalawan.


Yeast and Clostridia is a problem in silage for farmers as contaminated silage may result in poor animal health and milk quality. Clostridia can produce toxins that, when consumed, acts as neurotoxins, it may also cause blown cheeses if the Clostridia contaminates milk. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cause, effect and interaction of yeasts and Clostridia in silage. Clostridia are microorganisms which are strictly anaerobic and consume carbohydrates and protein in the silage. Yeast is a fungus that is facultative aerobic and feed on carbohydrates in the silage. The reason that yeast and Clostridia occur in silage is mainly caused by that the pH is not reduced in an anaerobic environment or because an anaerobic environment is not maintained in the silage, due mainly to oxygen ingress and holes in the plastic that provides air access to the silage. Yeast and Clostridia consume carbohydrates and proteins in the silage, which result in losses of nutrients. There is an interaction between yeast and Clostridia although they have completely different ecological niches. The most probable situation is that yeast creates an anaerobic environment for Clostridia when it consumes the oxygen in the silage. Therefore, Clostridia and yeast are usually found on the surface layer of silage where it has been an aerobic environment. There is a need for more studies on how yeast and Clostridia interact in different types of silages.


We extracted the total flavonoid content in Chamaejasme and its milk and goat milk processing products through Soxhlet extraction,and tested the flavonoid extracted,at the same time,we studied its the hydroxyl radical (·OH) clearance role.Determination of flavonoids in the experiment proved that:Compared with the Health and medicine chamaejasme,cattle,goat processed products in the flavonoied content has increased,which in goat processed products were significantly increased.This study of the antioxidant flavonoids study showed that resistance:the hydroxyl radical(·OH) clearance role:milk processed productsgoat processed productsHealth and medicine chamaejasme. The recovery rate is among in 99.2%~100.8%,and RSD is within in 1.80 ~ 2.28.


Popular commemoration of previously forbidden memories seems to signal the end of social forgetting. Though this is not necessarily the final word. The bicentenary of 1798 coincided with the signing of the Good Friday Agreement, which promised to bring to Northern Ireland a new 'parity of esteem', accommodating traditions that had hitherto been forbidden. The wide range of commemorative activities through which the legacy of the United Irishmen has been publicly celebrated at a local and provincial level since 1998 gives the impression that all inhibitions about speaking of 'Ninety-Eight' have been overcome. Yet, on the background of continuing sectarian tensions in post-conflict Northern Ireland, there are indications that social forgetting has not been entirely eradicated.


Purpose: In this study the patient who had been admitted to our hospital with complaint of headache, nausea, dizziness, and occipital mass under the scalp was operated and the mass was totally resected. The clinical findings as well as x-ray films of the skull, magnetic resonance imaging, and computerized tomography of the patient were also evaluated. Method: A 60-year-old male patient complaining of headache, nausea, dizziness, and occipital mass under the scalp was admitted to our clinic. The patient suffered from headache, nausea, and dizziness for 2 years and the symptoms worsened a month before he came to our hospital. The patient had felt the occipital mass only 2 weeks before. As the first clinical finding, the occipitocervical incision scar was observed and after that, the neurological examinations of the patient were evaluated as normal. The patient had been operated for a mass lesion of the posterior fossa 18 years previously but there was no pathological report. The radioscanogram revealed a 3 × 3 cm occipital craniectomy defect; the CT showed a hypodense mass lesion and the MRI showed hypointense lesions on T1-weighted images and a hyperintense lesion on the T2-weighted images. On cranial MRI, compression in the left cerebellar hemisphere and fourth ventricle was also detected. The patient underwent surgery immediately. During the operation, we observed that the mass had infiltrated the previous craniectomy area and also caused the lysis of the bone edges. We observed that the mass originated from the diploe as well as the thinned dura and there was also compression over the left cerebellar tissue. There was no extension to the intradural space. The mass, which was 3 × 3 × 4 cm in size, was totally resected with its capsule in a single session. Result: The pathological evaluations stated that this mass can be identified as an epidermoid cyst. In the postop phase, the patient had a totally uneventful week resulting in discharge from the hospital. The patient is now in the follow-up stage as he is neurologically normal after the operation. Conclusion: Epidermoid cysts are derived from ectodermal remnants that stay within the cranial bones during embryonic development. The intradiploic site is the less frequent area. Intradiploic epidermoid cysts are nearly 25% of all epidermoids. The goal of surgical treatment must be total resection of the tumor with its capsule.


Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of malrotation of intestine in newborns. Methods 109 patients with malrotation of intestine accepted operation in our hospital from 1962~2002. Among them 75 were newborns (0~4 weeks old). Results Among the 75 newborns with malrotation of intestine (male 59, female 16), 35 cases occurred within 1week after birth, 20 within 2 weeks ,13 within 3 weeks and 7 within 4weeks.17 cases(22.7%)were accompanied with other malformations of alimentary tract simultaneously.25cases (71.4%) of 35 newborns within 1 week were cured , 7 cases died and 1 case rejected treatment. 34 cases (85%) of the newborns within 2 to 4 weeks were cured. 14 cases were followed up for 2.5 years to 23 years ( averaged 8.3 years), with 13 cases good and 1 case fair . Conclusions Malrotation of intestine is often accompanied with other intestinal malformations which is found in 17 cases(22.7%) in the group. Duodenal and jejunal atresia or stenosis are the most malformation with 12 cases (70.6%) in this group. The accidence of accompanied malformations in 1 week group was more than other groups, in the group 8 children had intestinal atresia or stenosis . Careful examination is obligatory in operations,in order to prevent missed diagnosis.


SiO2 films were deposited on 2 in. Si(100) wafers at an oxygen pressure of 10−2 Pa and substrate temperature of 300 °C using a nozzle beam deposition technique. High purity SiO2 grains were evaporated in a graphite crucible at a temperature of 1500 °C. The evaporated species were then ejected through a nozzle and were partially ionized by electron bombardment prior to deposition. The index of refraction and infrared absorption spectrum of the films were found to depend strongly on the ionization current and acceleration voltage applied to the beam. The thickness and refractive index of the film are uniform over the entire 2 in. wafer if the applied acceleration voltage is less than 1 kV.


The JHU/APL global convection mapping software is proving a useful tool, combining as it does SuperDARN line-of-sight velocity observations with the APL convection model to provide estimates of the polar ionospheric convection. As yet, the application of this software has been confined to the northern hemisphere. At BAS, the software has been modified to allow the production of southern hemisphere ionospheric convection maps using the southern hemisphere SuperDARN radars. This paper discusses the assumptions made in this adaptation and presents our early impressions of some of the potential uses and abuses of the software.


Background Mood disorders, including depression, are amongst the most common manifestations of neuro-psychiatric SLE. Currently, the screening and diagnosis for depression in ambulatory settings are delayed and often missed due to the lack of standardised valid questionnaires for assessing depression in patients with SLE. Objectives This study aims to: 1) Determine the prevalence of depression in SLE patients using the Centre for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale [CES-D] and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] questionnaires. 2) Study the criterion validity and interpretability of CES-D and HADS, and 3) evaluate their diagnostic accuracy when compared to the assessment of an independent psychiatric assessment using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), based on the DSM-5, as the gold standard. Methods A cross-sectional study of consecutive consenting SLE patients (n=227), aged 18–65 and attending the Toronto Lupus Clinic between June 2017–September 2017, was performed. Participants were screened for depression using the CES-D and HADS, and underwent the MINI on the same date of their clinic visit. Conventional cut-off scores were used to indicate the prevalence of depression: CES-D ≥16 and HADS-D ≥8. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were evaluated against the MINI. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves and the Youden Index were utilised to determine the optimal cut-off scores for CES-D and HADS-D. Results Among 227 patients, the prevalence of depression ranged from 27.8% (HADS-D) to 46.3% (CES-D). ROC curves showed that the CES-D (AUC 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78–0.95) slightly outperformed HADS-D (AUC 0.84, 95% CI: 0.75–0.93), when compared to the MINI. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for CES-D at the optimal cut-off of 26 was 80%, 82%, 43%, and 96%, respectively. The Youden index exhibited optimal cut-offs for CES-D at 26 and HADS-D at 8 that optimised their sensitivity and specificity as screening metrics for depression in SLE patients. The performance of the CES-D and HADS-D at various cut-offs are displayed in table 1 below.Abstract THU0344 – Table 1 Cut-offs to predict depression by Youden Index Cutoffs Sensitivity Specificity PPV NPV CES-D 26* 0.80 0.82 0.43 0.96 24 0.80 0.77 0.37 0.96 21† 0.85 0.71 0.34 0.97 16† 0.95 0.55 0.27 0.98 HADS-D 8*† 0.80 0.79 0.40 0.96 7 0.85 0.72 0.35 0.97 6 0.95 0.62 0.30 0.99 *Optimal cutoff as determined by the Youden Index †Conventional cutoffs found in literatureAbstract THU0344 – Figure 1 ROC curves for comparisons Conclusions This study assessed the criterion validity and interpretability of patient-reported outcome tools HADS, and CES-D for depression screening in SLE patients. Compared to the gold standard, CES-D outperformed HADS-D. These results suggest that SLE-specific cut-offs may improve diagnostic accuracy of current screening metrics in lupus. Acknowledgements The University of Toronto Lupus Clinic is supported by the University Health Network, the Lou Rocca Family, and the Lupus Foundation of Ontario. This summer project is supported by the Canadian Rheumatology Association Summer Studentship Program. Disclosure of Interest None declared


© 2004 by University of Hawai'i Press The English aphorism "Time waits for no man" might be translated into Chinese as Jijie bu rang ren,or "The seasons wait for no one." The Chinese peasant has al ways known that planting must take place in accordance with the seasonal calen dar. Although a considerable amount of time has elapsed since Mao's death in 1976, and studies of Mao continue to produce a lively and more disciplinarily di verse literature, it seems that the time is still not right for the definitive interpre tation of Mao's place in modern Chinese history. Mao himself had something to say on the subject of his own posterity. He too easily protested that he was waiting to see God. As a casual Daoist philoso pher he cheerfully welcomed the flux of the universe. At times he seemed not to care about history. There were also times when he manipulated history on the self-conscious basis of "taking the past to serve the present" (yi gu weijiri), but, as a revolutionary, Mao was not interested in "disparaging the present by extolling the past" (yi gufeijin). Perhaps one of the most intriguing questions of modern Chinese politics is how Mao, as one of the greatest revolutionaries of the twenti eth century, could rationalize his own personality cult since it was rooted in a presumably reactionary tradition of emperor worship.


Theory-practice gap speculations are not the only focus of design research.   Significant questions about the role of the character of research are also raised by research design.  Despite the limitations of this work, it is nonetheless helpful to have a high-level understanding of the key characteristics shared by the three epistemological approaches: the subjectivist, constructivist, and objectivist schools of thought.  Considering the existing literature in the topic, these primary epistemological stances that have influenced theories of research design are discussed and analyzed.  The purpose of this paper is not to provide a definitive answer based on statistical analysis, but rather to delve into the nuances of the topic at hand.  At the end of the paper, we discuss and argue why and how we chose a deterministic positivist epistemological approach to investigate the strategies used by banking executives to improve employee retention:  First, we will illustrate that the topic under study does not fit within the constructivist interpretative framework.  Then, we will develop key ideas from the research that will form the backbone of the positivist model.  We conclude by outlining our plan for an empiricist verification technique and defending its inception from a positivist perspective.


The minimum living standard guarantee system in rural and in urban is the very important party of society rescues system in our country.Comparing the system in urban with in rural,we can see that the rural of minimum living standard guarantee system is fall behind the system in urban.For speeding up the construction of socialism new village,maintenance the society justice,we should advance the development of the minimum living standard guarantee system in rural.


Addresses the problem of improving the estimate of a covariance matrix from one set of multivariate random processes when there exist non-zero cross-correlations with another set of random processes. The improvement is obtained by linearly combining the first set's sample covariance matrix with covariance matrices predicted via the cross-correlations. The superiority of the proposed method is demonstrated by an application to spatial smoothing for the DOA estimation of coherent narrowband signals using a uniform linear array.<<ETX>>


This article describes the different positions of thought which have been established around the issue of animal protection and rights: the welfare theory and the theory of animal rights. Since the role of animals in society is essential in the current economic, social and cultural development, the phases of its historical and chronological evolution are presented. In relation to the Colombian context, it was described in a timeline major jurisprudential and legislative developments in this regard , seeking to Los Animales No Humanos: ¿Bienes Patrimoniales Susceptibles de Protección o Sujetos de Derecho? 2 identify key moments and justifications for the paradigm shift and closer to the animal rights movement.


In this paper we study the relationship between the stability boundary of the system (original system), x = y, My = -Dy-f(x) and the stability boundary of the system (reduced system) x = -f(x), where x, y ¿ Rn and M, D are positive diagonal matrices. A level surface which can be used to approximate the stability boundary of the reduced system will be evaluated.


Retrospectively analyzed data from 60 publications 1926-2012 about the presence or absence of arbuscular mycorrhizas in species of the genus Carex L. (Cyperaceae). There are 173 species sedges, in relation to which there is information about mycorrhizal status. In 98 species (57%) mycorrhiza is not found; the 23 species (13%) mycorrhiza is found always; 52 species (30%) may form or do not form mycorrhiza. The share of Carex species, in respect of which shows the ability to form mycorrhiza, increases with the increase of the number of research.


Food‐anticipatory activity (FAA) and especially the food‐entrained oscillator (FEO) have driven many scientists to seek their mechanisms and locations. Starting our research on FAA we, possibly like many other scientists, were convinced that clock genes held the key to the location and the underlying mechanisms for FAA. In this review, which is aimed especially at discussing the contribution of the peripheral oscillators, we have put together the accumulating evidence that the clock gene machinery as we know it today is not sufficient to explain food entrainment. We discuss the contribution of three types of oscillating processes: (i) within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), neurons capable of maintaining a 24‐h oscillation in electrical activity driven by a set of clock genes; (ii) oscillations in metabolic genes and clock genes in other parts of the brain and in peripheral organs driven by the SCN or by food, which damp out after a few cycles; (iii) an FEO which, we propose, is a system built up of different oscillatory processes and consisting of an as‐yet‐unidentified network of central and peripheral structures. In view of the evidence that clock genes and metabolic oscillations are not essential for the persistence of FAA we propose that food entrainment is initiated by a repeated metabolic state of scarcity that drives an oscillating network of brain nuclei in interaction with peripheral oscillators. This complex may constitute the proposed FEO and is distributed in our peripheral organs as well as within the central nervous system.


This study aims to analyze the effect of intrinsic motivation, compensation and work environment simulta-neously and partially on employee performance. The sample used in this study were 95 respondents using clustersampling technique and using Multiple Linear Regression analysis technique. The result is that intrinsic motiva-tion, compensation and work environment variables simultaneously affect employee performance. Partial testing ofintrinsic motivation and compensation variables has a positive and significant effect on employee performance.While the partial test of the work environment variable has no significant positive effect on the performance ofemployees of PT. Berlian Jasa Terminal Indonesia.


9118 Background: Increasing survival rates after breast cancer have heightened importance of fertility preservation treatment (FP) (embryo, oocyte, or ovarian tissue cryopreservation). Many factors can influence a patient's decision to pursue FP. We evaluated predictors of undergoing FP in women with breast cancer.

METHODS
Retrospective cohort study of 223 patients with breast cancer undergoing FP counseling at three academic fertility preservation centers in 2005-2010.

RESULTS
Women in Center-1 had a significantly lower FP rate compared to Centers-2 and -3 (27.0%, 73.0%, and 52.6% respectively, p < 0.001). Compared to Centers-2 and -3, patients at Center-1 had significantly higher body mass index (BMI), more advanced cancer stage, and lower income. The rates of hormone receptor positivity and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) were significantly higher in Center-1. Overall, women who had FP were older, more underweight, wealthier, and had lower cancer stage compared to women who did not have FP. The rate of NAC was significantly lower in women who underwent FP. After adjusting for age, BMI, income, and cancer stage, a negative correlation persisted between NAC and FP (OR= 0.17, 95% CI 0.03-0.88).

CONCLUSIONS
While age, BMI, income, cancer stage, and NAC appear to predict the likelihood of undergoing FP, NAC is the only modifiable variable. While NAC is recommended in women with advanced breast cancer, it has broader use under research protocols in Center-1. NAC restricts the time available for FP. Except in cases where NAC clearly improves survival, oncologists may consider offering adjuvant chemotherapy, rather than NAC, in women who are interested in FP. [Table: see text].


The precision reached by current and forthcoming strong-lensing observations requires to accurately model various perturbations to the main deflector. Hitherto, theoretical models have been developed to account for either cosmological line-of-sight perturbations, or isolated secondary lenses via the multi-plane lensing framework. This article proposes a general formalism to describe multiple lenses within an arbitrary space-time background. The lens equation, and the expressions of the amplification and time delays, are rigorously derived in that framework. Our results may be applied to a wide range of set-ups, from strong lensing in anisotropic cosmologies, to line-of-sight perturbations beyond the tidal regime.


More emphasis should be placed on the history of computing in university curricula. The area of programming languages is no exception and has lots of history to study. This paper discusses the approach followed to study the history of programming languages in the Computer Engineering Program at the University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez. The proceedings for History of Programming Languages (HOPL) Conferences are used as reference for a term paper. This paper describes the parts of the term paper, some of the comments given by students, future changes to the methodology and some observations in general about teaching history of programming languages.


The study was conducted with the objective of investigating the Determinants of the adoption of improved Boer crossbred goats in Pastoral and Agro pastoral Areas of Yabello District, Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select two rural kebeles and respondents. A total of 120 pastoralists were interviewed to generate primary data. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources using interview schedule and personal observations. Interview schedule was developed, pretested & used for the collection of the essential quantitative and qualitative data for the study. Moreover, secondary data were collected from relevant sources. The binary logistic regression model was also employed to assess the determinants of adoption of newly introduced Boer crossbred goat in the study area. 10 explanatory variables were used for the binary logit model, out of which 7 variables were found to be significant to influence the adoption of newly introduced Boer crossbred goats in the study area. These variables were: Age, number of livestock owned in TLU, family labour, access to credit, training participation and distance from water sources. Therefore, all concerned bodies: government, non-government and development actors working at different levels in livestock in general and Goat breeding programme in particular should give attention to those variables which positively or negatively and significantly affecting pastoralists' decision to adopt the newly introduced Boer crossbred goats in the study area to enhance the rate of adoption in the study area. Keywords : Adoption, Boer crossbred goats, Binary logit model


We propose a perturbative approach to determine the time-dependent Dyson map and the metric operator associated with time-dependent non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. We apply the method to a pair of explicitly time-dependent two dimensional harmonic oscillators that are weakly coupled to each other in a PT-symmetric fashion and to the strongly coupled explicitly time-dependent negative quartic anharmonic oscillator potential. We demonstrate that once the perturbative Ansatz is set up the coupled differential equations resulting order by order may be solved recursively in a constructive manner, thus bypassing the need for making any guess for the Dyson map or the metric operator. Exploring the ambiguities in the solutions of the order by order differential equations naturally leads to a whole set of inequivalent solutions for the Dyson maps and metric operators implying different physical behaviour as demonstrated for the expectation values of the time-dependent energy operator.


In order to construct Study Type Party Organization in a large scale,the paper,through pointing out the practical significance that vocational institute should be the first team,analyses the problems and difficulties existing at the moment and puts forward advice to strengthen the construction.


A purpose of this study was to understand whether NVQF is the necessity for the sustainable prosperity of TVET sector of Nepal or just a waste of money. The study had been carried out applying qualitative methodology in the form of narrative enquiry. The understanding and perception of five TVET experts were detailed with the help of following questions, viz. (a) how do you perceive for the necessity of NVQF in Nepal and (b) what are the major challenges and how can we cope with these challenges for the successful implementation of NVQF in Nepal. The experts understanding and experiences revealed that not only NVQF but also NQF are in dire need to streamline the education system of Nepal. However, there are many challenges and issues both at the policy level and at the implementation stage. These challenges and issues need to be strategically addressed from the very beginning of the NVQF project, otherwise, it could be just like "pouring water into sand".


Continuous scaling of CMOS technology makes it possible to integrate a large number of heterogeneous devices that need to communicate efficiently on a single chip. For this efficient routers are needed to takes place communication between these devices. As the chip scales, the probability of both permanent and transient faults is also increasing, making Fault Tolerance (FT) a key concern in scaling chips. This project, proposes a fault-tolerant solution for a bufferless network-on-chip, including an on-line fault-diagnosis mechanism to detect both transient and permanent faults, a hybrid automatic repeat request, and forward error correction link-level error control scheme to handle transient faults and a reinforcementlearning-based fault-tolerant deflection routing (FTDR) algorithm to tolerate permanent faults. Keywords— Deflection routing; Fault-tolerance; On-line fault diagnosis; Permanent fault; Transient fault


Fewer than 50% of our patients were operated upon within 24 hours of admission to hospital. Delays beyond this may be associated with a greater mortality and morbidity in this group of patients [2]. A few of the cases delayed for optimisation were for correction of slightly low potassium levels. These were inappropriate and unfortunately there was no documented evidence of consultant involvement before cancellation. New guidelines for trainees were suggested to deal with this. The delays for echocardiography and MRI scanning suggest that these patients are not recognised as true emergencies and are not being prioritised appropriately. The orthopaedic surgeons planned to use these data to raise this issue with the radiology department. The biggest cause of delay can only be tackled at an organisational level by ensuring effective use of trauma theatre sessions and providing more theatre time as needed.


We analytically compute quadratic mass corrections of order O(α sm 2 q/s) to the absorptive part of the (non-diagonal) correlator of two axial vector currents. This allows us to find the correction of order O(α sm 2 q/M 2 W ) to Γ(W → hadrons) as well as similar corrections to Γ(Z → hadrons). emails: email@example.com email@example.com


xUML epitomizes the convergence of visual modeling with model manipulation programming. The results of this merger are executable models and model-driven software development. This chapter presents the fundamental notions of constructing executable domain models with xUML, as well as the principles of the MDA approach. In particular, we define the new roles of the developers in development processes based on MDA and the MDA activity workflow. We discuss also the output artifacts from each activity. As new technologies require new software development processes, we present an iterative and incremental model-driven process, combined with techniques for project planning and progress estimation based on BERT and ERNIE. We show how model executability creates congenial conditions for the application of higher-order cognitive skills in the software development process, and for the substitution of liberal creativity with design automation. IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING This chapter appears in the book, Management of the Object-Oriented Development Process edited by Liping Liu and Borislav Roussev © 2006, Idea Group Inc. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033-1240, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com ITB11641


For service research to develop as an applied social science there is the need to refresh the process of theorizing so it focuses not only on increasing new academic knowledge but also on knowledge that is managerially relevant. This paper aims to provide guidelines to achieve this.,A theorizing process that integrates general theoretic perspectives and contextual research to develop midrange theory is developed. The process is based on the philosophical foundations of pragmatism and abductive reasoning, which has the origins in the 1950s when the management sciences were being established.,A recent research stream that develops midrange theory about customer and actor engagement is used to illustrate the theorizing process.,Practicing managers, customers and other stakeholders in a service system use theory, so there is a need to focus on how theory is used in specific service contexts and how this research leads to academic knowledge that is managerially relevant. Thus, as applied social science, service research needs to explicitly focus on bridging the theory–praxis gap with midrange theory by incorporating a general theoretic perspective and contextual research.,The contribution comes from providing a broader framework to guide the theorizing process that integrates general theoretic perspectives and applied research to develop midrange theory. While general theories operate at the most abstract level of conceptualization, midrange theories are context-specific and applied theory (theories-in-use) is embedded in empirical research.


This paper describes a H∞ controller design procedure for tensor product based model of gantry crane augumented with friction model in order to minimize friction effects. The Tensor Product (TP) model transformation is a recently proposed technique for transforming given Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) state-space models into polytopic model form, namely, to parameter varying convex combination of Linear Time Invariant (LTI) systems. H∞ controller guarantee stability and L2 norm bound constraint on disturbance attenuation. H∞ controller is found using relaxed LMIs which have proof of asymptotic convergence to the global optimal controller under quadratic stability. Control algorithm is experimentally tested on single pendulum gantry (SPG).


An apparatus has been designed, assembled, and employed in experiments to determine, as a function of molecular areal density, the viscoelastic behavior of insoluble monolayers spread on water. The apparatus has several unique features: (1) surface tension can be monitored constantly without touching the monolayer; (2) compression of the film is isotropic in an annular space entirely free of obstructions; (3) the stress transducer, located at the geometric center, defines the inner wall of the annulus and the trough wall defines the outer wall of the annulus. A wide range of viscosity and shear modulus can be measured by controlling the stress or strain applied to the film. The apparatus can be used to study the air/water interface of surfactant solutions as well as the surface of water covered by an insoluble monolayer. 14 references, 4 figures.


Software architecture is fundamental to the development of any software system. Nevertheless, architecture documentation is commonly outdated or nonexistent. Reverse engineering techniques to recover software architecture emerged from the need for supporting architecture documentation of existing systems, which is a task that demands significant effort if done entirely manually. We thus developed the ArR tool, an Eclipse plug-in that provides software engineers with support to recover architecture rules based on implemented source code dependencies. Our tool relies on the use of a data mining technique applied to (sub-)modules dependencies extracted from source files of Java projects providing a measurement and a visualization of such dependencies. Video: https://youtu.be/WEqDVX5Q0Pk


The invention relates to a water floating solar photovoltaic power station, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic new energy floating power generation application. Each water floating photovoltaic module is composed of a connection device, water floating photovoltaic module buoyancy materials, a water floating photovoltaic module glass fiber layer, solar battery pieces, a junction box, a seal ring and a stabilization ring. A water floating center module is composed of a connection device, water floating center module buoyancy materials and a water floating center module glass fiber layer. After the water floating center module is positioned on the water through a positioning anchor according to the water area needed for installing a solar photovoltaic power station, a corresponding number of water floating photovoltaic modules are installed through the connection devices with the water floating center module as the center according to design requirements, a surrounding hoop is arranged on the outer sides of the peripheral water floating photovoltaic modules, and then the water floating solar photovoltaic power station of the corresponding area and shape can be quickly built on the water according to the design requirements.


To improve the object measurement accuracy of the surface shape measuring apparatus of using a two-wavelength phase shift interferometry. Comprising a low-coherence light source 101 and a plurality of wavelength filters 103 and angle control unit 104c having different transmission wavelengths and the analysis unit 114, the analyzing unit 114 when performing the two-wavelength phase-shifting interferometry detecting a wavelength difference of two wavelengths , to prevent the operation error of the fringe order by correcting the wavelength value and the phase value calculated one wavelength. Then, to match the design values of the actual wavelength difference by controlling the angle of the wavelength filter 103. Thereby constantly wavelength difference of two wavelengths is controlled to be constant, can measure the surface shape even when the wavelength variation due to temperature change or passage of time with high accuracy.


We investigate negative tension branes as stable thin shell wormholes (TSWs) in Reissner–Nordström-(anti) de Sitter spacetimes in d dimensional Einstein gravity. Imposing Z2 symmetry, we construct and classify traversable static TSWs in spherical, planar (or cylindrical) and hyperbolic symmetries. In spherical geometry, we find the higher dimensional counterpart of Barceló and Visser's wormholes, which are stable against spherically symmetric perturbations. We also find the classes of TSWs in planar and hyperbolic symmetries with a negative cosmological constant, which are stable against perturbations preserving symmetries. In most cases, stable wormholes are found with the combination of an electric charge and a negative cosmological constant. However, as special cases, we find stable wormholes even with vanishing cosmological constant in spherical symmetry and with vanishing electric charge in hyperbolic symmetry.


The variant of classification of the rectifiers, based on topological attributes of converting parts is offered. Base topology of two parts of rectifiers: transformer converters of number and shift of phases and diodes and thyristors schemes are certain. Examples of classification of circuit decisions of rectifiers are resulted.


Effective conservation depends upon people's compliance with regulations, yet non-compliance (eg poaching) is often the rule rather than the exception. Poaching is often clandestine and socially undesirable, requiring specialized, multidisciplinary approaches for assessment and management. We estimated poaching by recreational fishers in no-fishing reserves of Australia's Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP) by conducting social surveys and quantifying derelict (lost or discarded) fishing gear. Our study revealed that (1)between 3-18% of fishers admitted to poaching within the past year, (2) poaching activities were often concentrated at certain times (holidays) and in specific places (poaching hotspots), and (3) fishers' primary motivations to poach were the perception of higher catches in reserves and a low probability of detection. Our results suggest that extolling certain ecological benefits of marine reserves where enforcement capacity is low could lead to the perverse outcome of encouraging non-compliance. Our combined social-ecological approach revealed that even in an iconic marine park such as the GBRMP, poaching levels are higher than previously assumed, which has implications for effective management.


Brouwer ('18) gave a complete review of the clinical, comparative anatomical, and experimental evidence on the relationship of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus to the constrictor muscles of the iris. In spite of the fact that the evidence was strongly contradictory he held that the Edinger-Westphal nucleus was the central motor center for these muscles. Since then Frank ('21) studied brains of patients coming to autopsy and concluded that the Edinger-Westphal nucleus controlled convergence but not pupillary constriction. The latter reaction he believed to be controlled in the central gray substance somewhere near the Edinger-Westphal nucleus. He also believed the sphincter muscles of the iris to be supplied by both crossed and uncrossed fibers. Lenz ('28 and '29) concluded, after studying brains from autopsy cases, that the nucleus for the sphincter muscles of the pupil is the small cell nucleus, probably all of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, but especially its anterior portion. In the experiments reported here the Edinger-Westphal nucleus of the cat has been studied for chromatolysis after removing the ciliary ganglion, enucleation of the orbit, and cutting the oculomotor nerve intracranially, in hope of finding additional evidence of the actual connections of this nucleus.


This paper characterizes the set of all the Nash equilibrium payoffs in two player repeated games where the signal that the players get after each stage is either trivial (does not reveal any information) or standard (the signal is the pair of actions played). It turns out that if the information is not always trivial then the set of all the Nash equilibrium payoffs coincides with the set of the correlated equilibrium payoffs. In particular, any correlated equilibrium payoff of the one shot game is "also a Nash equilibrium payoff of the repeated game. For the proof we develop a scheme by which two players can generate any correlation device, using the signaling structure of the game. We present strategies with which the players internally correlate their actions without the need of an exogenous mediator.


The major clinical obstacle that limits the long‐term benefits of treatment with osimertinib (AZD9291) in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor‐mutant non–small cell lung cancer is the development of acquired resistance. Therefore, effective strategies that can overcome acquired resistance to osimertinib are urgently needed. The authors' current efforts in this direction have identified LBH589 (panobinostat), a clinically used histone deacetylase inhibitor, as a potential agent in overcoming osimertinib resistance.


Resonant phonons, sometimes also called leaky waves, are phonons associated with a crystal defect, a surface, an adsorbed layer and whose frequencies fall inside the bulk crystal band. Such resonant phonons were studied experimentally and theoretically before for clean surfaces and for adsorbed monolayers. We present here a study of resonant phonons associated with the adsorption of a slab of L monolayers on a substrate. With the help of a simple atomic model, we obtained a closed form expression giving the variation of the transverse phonon density of states associated with the adsorption of the slab. An application which qualitatively simulates the adsorption of L monolayers of Ge on Si shows the existence of well-defined resonant phonons within the bulk acoustic band of the substrate. PACS numbers: 68.60.-p