In this and next month's issue of the Rhode Island Medical Journal (RIMJ) we have the privilege of sharing topics in Adolescent Health with readers. Adolescence is generally a very healthy stage of life. Youth aged 10-24 years have the lowest rates of morbidity and mortality in the US and Rhode Island has the lowest teen death rate in the country.1 Many of the health issues faced by teens are keenly linked to the developmental dynamics of adolescence and behavioral decision making. The leading causes of death in this age group include accidents, primarily motor vehicle crashes, but also unintentional overdoses, homicide, and suicide. It is important to note that health behaviors beginning in adolescence continue into adulthood, making this a unique time in a life-course for interventions that will have a lasting impact. Three-quarters of adults with severe and persistent mental illness experienced their first symptoms prior to age 18. Most adult tobacco smokers began smoking as teens. The majority of young people engage in sexual activity by age 21. Rates of chlamydia and gonorrhea are highest among teens and young adults. While rates of teen pregnancy continue to fall, in 2015 we still had 509 young women under the age of 20 give birth in RI. Providing health care for teens requires an understanding of adolescent psycho-social, psycho-sexual, and cognitive development. Brain maturation from age 10 to age 24 is dramatic, is variable in timing and tempo, and is not always in synchrony with the dynamic physical maturation that happens throughout adolescence. The capacity of a 12-yearold to communicate his or her concerns and symptoms, to understand the ramifications of actions or behaviors, and to fully engage in healthcare decision making certainly can vary widely but is also drastically different from a 16-yearold or a 21-year-old. Helping young people navigate adolescence with the tools, knowledge and motivation to stay healthy requires building a developmental scaffolding. Partnering with parents, schools, and communities allows teens to experiment, to grow, to take risks and make good choices. This issue of RIMJ opens with DR. SUSAN DUFFY's paper on the very important and difficult topic of adolescent confidentiality. This is a topic that is central to caring for youth yet is complex. Understanding confidentiality and its limits and communicating this to youth and their families is essential to providing high quality effective health care. DR. JOANNA BROWN and colleagues discuss the very important topic of youth engagement. They present three different initiatives in Rhode Island that have successfully engaged youth to participate in their own care and to help build a health care system that works for teens and young adults. DR. SUZANNE MCLAUGHLIN and colleagues present the proceedings of a panel discussion on transitioning youth to adult care systems that was part of a learning collaborative held by The RI Care Transformation Collaborative (CTC). The transitioning of youth from pediatric care systems to adult care systems is a transition that is often fraught with discontinuity, miscommunication and gaps in care. This is most significant for youth with special health care needs. We then present a case study of a young man whose transition was not smooth and point out multiple opportunities for systems improvement. Next month, we will look at specific conditions and the health needs of specific populations of youth. DR. ABIGAIL DONALDSON and her team will present an update on the care of individuals with eating disorders. DR. DIANE DERMARDEROSIAN and colleagues write about an integrated approach to psychiatric care for children and youth with medical conditions. She describes a unique, team-based integrated care model provided both in an in-patient setting and in a partial hospital setting. DRS. KRISTYN GERGELIS, JONATHAN KOLE and ELIZABETH LOWENHAUPT write about the healthcare needs of incarcerated youth and DRS. AGNIESZKA JANICKA and MICHELLE FORCIER discuss transgender and gender non-conforming youth. DR. CHRISTINE BARRON and colleagues present their research on RI pediatricians and their training, screening, and knowledge about domestic sex trafficking of minors. Quality health care that recognizes the dynamic developmental nature of adolescence can help youth stay safe and make good behavioral choices. It can be attuned to some of the potential pitfalls and roadblocks to healthy adolescence as well as motivations for positive health-affirming decisions. It can be a great opportunity to cultivate a strong foundation for adult health.


Edible vaccine is an application of molecular farming which refers to protein products with clinical or veterinary applications produced in recombinant plant systems. The antigens or therapeutics are expressed in plant tissues, from which the plant tissue can be processed into a form that can be consumed orally. The major advantage of plant biopharmaceuticals over other traditional vaccine production systems is reduced manufacturing cost and its safe delivery. Huge Fermenters and bioreactors are replaced with greenhouses or plants are grown in isolation or is even grown in the field but only with appropriate biological containment of foreign genes, such as maternal inheritance or male sterility, or expression in vegetative tissues with harvest before appearance of any reproductive structure. The down streaming cost is also reduced. As it is delivered orally, edible vaccines and biopharmaceuticals have the advantage that there is no need for expensive purification systems and other expenses associated with cold storage, transportation and sterile delivery. Edible vaccines possess both mucosal and systemic immunity. The plant transformation after the development of the transformed plants is validated through various methods viz., PCR, Southern blot, Northern Blot and Western Blot and ELISA. After validation using these methods plants are multiplied.


Although collecting travel behavior data by global positioning system (GPS) allows researchers to address the dynamic properties of travel behavior, the volume of data can be massive and converting points of data into a meaningful model of highly complex travel is cumbersome. This paper seeks to explain the methodological challenges of converting an enormous set of geocoded data points into a meaningful database that describes the complexity of trips and tours. It also seeks to illustrate the kinds of valuable lessons that transportation analysts can learn from GPS data by describing in detail the driving characteristics of a single driver over the course of a month of driving. Driving behavior based on GPS data is investigated for 78 drivers living in the Detroit metropolitan region. Automobile use was tracked on a day-to-day basis for four weeks, with geographic positions captured every second by GPS. This GPS data was combined with geocoded street addresses of business establishments, land-use polygons, aerial photographs, census data and road attributes. Results show that travel patterns are more complex than traditional travel surveys reveal. Although GPS data can be difficult to process, the database developed in this study offers several advantages over conventional travel survey data: travel routes between destinations are known; patterns can be observed in a single driver over a full month; and events are captured as a driver is in motion. These findings indicate that travel behavior data captured by GPS offers many opportunities for transportation engineers and planners.


By introducing the concept of 'entropy weight',the paper proposes a suplier evaluation model based on entropy value method.Using entropy value method and according to the difference of each evalution index,give value to index weight.


The concept of "Living Polymers" was first introduced in a short communication by M. Szwarc, M. Levy, and R. Milkovich in 1956 and is now widely used in the polymer literature. It led to the synthesis of monodisperse polymers, telechelic polymers, and block copolymers. Living polymerization has evolved in the last 50 years and new methods were developed for various other types of anionic, cationic, ring-opening, and free radical polymerizations. The field has expanded tremendously and the term "controlled/living" polymerization is commonly used to cover all the methods. A few of the interesting developments in the area are described in this paper. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Abstract Issue In the last years, Belgian policy makers have become increasingly concerned about health problems affecting only women (e.g. endometriosis) or affecting women in different ways than men (e.g. cardiovascular diseases). The current monitoring tools on the health status in Belgium routinely present information disaggregated by sex. Nevertheless, there is a need to go further than a mere comparison of men and women and strive for gender-sensitive health reporting. Description of the problem To address the information gap pertaining to the health of girls and women, a women's health report for Belgium was developed. The goal of this report is to identify and highlight health issues specific to women or affecting them differently and possible knowledge and data gaps. Results The report highlighted several data gaps, e.g. prevalence of endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome, and several opportunities to fill them. The process also uncovered available but underused data on women-specific issues, including fertility treatments, abortions, and contraception. Among the main results, an analysis on girls (11-18 years old) showed an alarming difference in health status compared to boys, starting from a young age and increasing throughout adolescence. For example, girls reported experiencing more psychosomatic symptoms more often than boys with the difference increasing with age. Girls reported more often a negative perception of their health (22%) compared to boys (15%) and more often depressive symptoms (47%) than boys (31%). Conversely, boys were twice as likely to meet WHO recommendations on physical activity. Lessons This first report on women's health in Belgium highlighted the need to collect better information on women-specific issues and the need to promote the use of existing data. Results showed that gender differences in health emerge and increase during adolescence. We strived to put results into context to produce knowledge and recommendations for policymakers. Key messages • Developing a women's health report allowed to highlight data gaps and underuse of existing data. • Specific interventions should target teenage girls.


In the background of edge computing becoming an important technology of China's new infrastructure construction, it is necessary for colleges and universities to set up a new professional curriculum system for edge computing. It is construction and learning from the refinement of artificial intelligence which is easier to industrialize. Through the interdisciplinary integration and optimization construction of the curriculum, this course system is suitable for universities. According to developed course content, design the teaching schedule, and then, based on this scheme, we will cultivate edge computing research and application-oriented talents, and support the transformation and upgrading of industrial automation to intelligent.


Spinoza's natural law is the central concept that this study discusses. And in relation to natural law we will try to explain other fundamental concepts of Spinoza's philosophy: the common decree, the supreme legal authorities and the salvation of the people or harmony. The elements to analyze are, therefore, matter, form, agents and ends. The author of this article starts from a simple premise: natural law represents the material aspect of Spinoza's thought. However natural law must also us give reason of the materiality in Spinoza's philosophy, what he calls the common decree can help us to describe the formal aspect. On the other hand, what Spinoza calls the supreme legal authorities can serve to discover the plane of the agents. And, finally, the salvation of the people can be the opportune reference when arranging the plane of the ends in Spinoza's philosophy.


Background : There were few data on the gene mutations involved in the development of basal cell carcinoma(BCC) in Korean. Objective : To gain insight into the role of p53 gene mutations of BCC in Koreans. Methods : Fifteen BCCs were screened for mutation of the p53 gene. Immunohistochemical staining was done on the paraffin sections using a labelled streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method with the primary antibody against p53 protein. Analysis of p53 mutation was done by non-isotopic RNase cleavage assay and direct sequencing. Results : Mutation of p53 gene was found in 40%(6/15) of the cases. One case showed mutations in exon 6, one in exon 6 and intron 8, two in exon 8, one in exon 9, and one in intron 5. But ultraviolet specific CT change was detected in only one case. Immunohistochemical expression of p53 was seen in 40%(6/15), but its expression did not coincide with p53 gene mutation. Conclusion : Ultraviolet specific mutations of p53 were much less frequent in Korean than in Caucasian, suggesting other etiologies than ultraviolet radiation.


This thesis aims to increase our understanding of the mechanisms that govern business activities, whether these are organised within a single corporation or are performed in part by other independent companies. First, I suggest an analytical framework on corporate coordination, where I define authoritative, economic and social coordination mechanisms and discuss their motivational bases, the organisational requirements, what coordination objectives the mechanisms can support, the costs and their interactive nature. Then I develop a model where authority over assets and an explicit profit-sharing contract combine to govern the activities of two parties who have joint business interests (organised for example in ajoint venture). The model is used to show how the parties' respective levels of risk aversion and investment specificity jointly influence the optimal allocation of ownership rights (and the design of the profitsharing agreement). I have also developed a model where ownership rights can be combined with a simple implicit contract. With two-sided investments the model is sufficiently rich to have room for firms, spot employment, relational contracting, spot markets, partnerships and mutual hostage taking. I show, for example, that long-term relational contracting and partnerships are attractive when the parties have similar technologies, because symmetrical ex-post bargaining positions tend to support effective implicit contracts. Finally, I suggest a model to study decentralisation, where I include management activities such as information search and processing, communication, bargaining, decision-making and control in an environment where local managers maximise subunit profits. In extensions I allow alternative behavioural assumptions, for example by incorporating the self-enhancement bias. I also compare an integrated hierarchy (where centralised authority is owner-given) with a market organisation.


Lu Xun's vengeance focuses on that of individuals and small groups;however,he does not go against the individuality and emotionality in the vengeance behavior.He advocates the vengeance by the weak and its illegitimacy.He does not cover his desire of vengeance,but hates those who pretend to be friends and return evil for good.Lu Xun is strong in his criticism on the evil and the national deep-rooted bad habits by means of his strong advocacy of vengeance.


This paper proposes an analytical framework for assessing the spatial and economic impacts of new transport links. It is exemplified by the case study of the Via Egnatia, a motorway of 680 km length currently under construction in Northern Greece. The assessment methodology comprises three hierarchical dimensions. First, the travel time reduction is assessed by calculating changes in travel times and by generating isochrones prior and after the opening of a new transport link. Second, the effect on the potential type accessibility is taken into consideration. Third, the possible effects of a transport link on the economic development of the affected regions is examined by employing an apposite simulation model. The three analysis steps lead to a differentiated assessment of the Egnatia motorway's effects. According to the isochrone approach, the impacts in term of travel time reduction are remarkable. The expected increase in potential-type accessibility is yet relatively small. Finally, the impacts of the new transport link on the regional economy measured by changes in gross domestic product (GDP) remain rather modest. The application of the proposed analytical assessment framework to the Egnatia case study underlines the importance of multi-dimensional impact analyses and the need for new simulation models.


Electrons accelerated in a MIM tunnel structure to an energy of a few eV excite surface plasma waves (SPW) in the external positive thin film electrode. SPW propagating along the outer surface of the electrode become radiative if this surface is rough. Al−Al 2 O 3 −Ag MIM diodes have been fabricated directly onto holographic gratings. After a calibration of the optical measurement set-up, and a spectral analysis of the radiation into many angular directions, it has been possible to determine the dispersion curves of the emitted waves, their spectral intensity, and to estimate the total radiation flux. In addition, radiation from the internal SPW, excited at the Ag−Al 2 O 3 interface has been observed Etude sur des structures Al−Al 2 O 3 −Ag. Intensite spectrale et puissance totale rayonnee


This special issue of IT Professional presents emergent financial technology trends and examines promising future developments, critical challenges and issues, innovative approaches and novel solutions, and new financial applications.


L‐menthol stimulates cutaneous thermoreceptors and induces cool sensations improving thermal comfort, but has been linked to heat storage responses; this could increase risk of heat illness during self‐paced exercise in the heat. Therefore, L‐menthol application could lead to a discrepancy between behavioral and autonomic thermoregulatory drivers. Eight male participants volunteered. They were familiarized and then completed two trials in hot conditions (33.5 °C, 33% relative humidity) where their t‐shirt was sprayed with CONTROL‐SPRAY or MENTHOL‐SPRAY after 10 km (i.e., when they were hot and uncomfortable) of a 16.1‐km cycling time trial (TT). Thermal perception [thermal sensation (TS) and comfort (TC)], thermal responses [rectal temperature (Trec), skin temperature (Tskin)], perceived exertion (RPE), heart rate, pacing (power output), and TT completion time were measured. MENTHOL‐SPRAY made participants feel cooler and more comfortable and resulted in lower RPE (i.e., less exertion) yet performance was unchanged [TT completion: CONTROL‐SPRAY 32.4 (2.9) and MENTHOL‐SPRAY 32.7 (3.0) min]. Trec rate of increase was 1.40 (0.60) and 1.45 (0.40) °C/h after CONTROL‐SPRAY and MENTHOL‐SPRAY application, which were not different. Spraying L‐menthol toward the end of self‐paced exercise in the heat improved perception, but did not alter performance and did not increase heat illness risk.


In the well going market economy the financial market plays an inrepreceable role. One part of the financial market are the stock-exchanges and over-the counter- markets which are institutions whereby the public procurement with securities is insured. The most known stock exchanges in the world are American stock markets, i.e. NYSE and NASDAQ. While the stock Exchange indexes, the longest tradition and the most used indexes amog other American indexes, are Dow Jones Industrial Average, S&P 500 and NASDAQ Composite Index. In my graduated thesis I focused on the analyse of world stock exchanges and most important stock exchange indexes. The aim of my graduation thesis is an approach of the tenor of world stock exchanges and most significant stock Exchange indexes.


Little is known of the reproductive biology of the endangered sandhill dunnart (Sminthopsis psammophila). This study demonstrates the first captive breeding of the species, defines several important reproductive parameters and documents morphological development of the young. The study confirmed field speculation that S. psammophila is a seasonal breeder and adopts a life-history strategy similar to that of other arid-zone Sminthopsinae. The average (range) interval from mating to birth is 18 (16-19) days.


Honored by the invitation to read and comment on the papers in this special edition, this final contribution is an appreciation of critical studies in education. This 'C' word is dangerous in a neo‐liberal world, but as the authors show there is much intellectually practical work that researchers and theorizers are doing. I take my starting point from the exclusion of children from the decision‐making processes about their lives and education, and draw on the research directions and arguments in the papers to examine how we might think ourselves out of the situation. I argue for a rehabilitation of active dependency as a socially critical approach to how we live together, and consequently we need to be comfortable with strangers and strangeness as an antidote to vision and mission which not only fabricates social practice but also deludes us into social blandness.


A narrow pelvis makes laparoscopic rectal resection di�cult. This study aimed to evaluate whether a simple measurement on computed tomography can predict procedural di�culty. A total of 62 patients with low rectal cancer underwent conventional laparoscopic low anterior resection. The inter-ischial spine (IS) distance (i.e., distance between the ischial spines) was measured on an axial computed tomography slice. Operative time, blood loss, and time from insertion of linear staplers to completion of clamping on the distal end of the rectum (clamp time) were compared.


Shuicheng District is a karst mountain area, located in Guizhou Province, China. Its fragile stratum and frequent underground mining activities makes it prone to landslides. Owning to its wide coverage and frequent revisit, the InSAR technology has advantages in potential landslide identification and deformation monitor. However, affected by dense vegetation and atmospheric delay, it is much difficult to get sufficient effective targets to derive the deformation in this area. Besides, deformation derived from single orbit SAR data can result in the missing identification of some potential landslides and the misinterpreting of the real kinematics process of landslides. In this study, the multi-source SAR data, atmospheric error correction by quadratic tree image segmentation method, and phase-stacking method were selected to derive the surface deformation of this area. Besides, DS-InSAR and MSBAS method were combined to derive the deformation of Pingdi landslide. First, the potential landslides in this area were identified, surface deformation result, optical remote sensing images and geomorphological features were jointly considered. Then, the landslide distribution characteristics was analyzed in terms of slope, elevation and stratum. After that, the deformation along the LOS direction was acquired using the DS-InSAR method. The MSBAS method was used to retrieve the two-dimensional deformation of Pingdi landslide. Finally, the comprehensive analysis of triggering factors and failure process were conducted according to the spatial-temporal deformation characteristics and field investigation. The results indicated that landslides in Shuicheng district were mostly located in the junction of T1 and P3 stratum and mining related. Mining activity was the main cause of the Pingdi landslide deformation, the precipitation was the driving factor of the landslide instability. The research provides an insight into the explore the unstable slope distribution characteristic and the failure process of the landslides.


As a basic technology of distributed computing and mobile computation, mobile agent becomes a focus of researches. Due to its migration in Internet and then execution in many unknown hosts, a new security problem is introduced: how to protect the mobile agent being attacked by some hosts? This is the problem of malicious hosts. In order to detect malicious host's attacks, a method based on reference states is suggested. But the overhead of this method is too large. In this paper, it is supposed to be enough to record the inputs and the results of mobile agent only. According to this point, a new protocol named PTIR (a protocol tracing inputs and results to detect malicious host's attacks) is built up to detect the attacks of malicous hosts. Compared with other protocols, the overhead of this protocol is low.


Background: Myelitis accompanied by a negative spinal cord MRI may lead to diagnostic uncertainty. Objective and Methods: We retrospectively investigated the frequency of negative spinal cord MRI (performed <6 weeks from onset) in Mayo Clinic patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG-associated myelitis (2000–2019). Results: The initial spinal cord MRI was negative in 7/73 (10%) patients, despite severe acute disability (median EDSS, 7 (range, 4.5–8)); myelitis symptoms/signs were frequent (paraparesis, neurogenic bladder, sensory level, Lhermitte's phenomenon). Myelitis lesions became overt at follow-up MRI in three patients. Conclusions: A negative spinal cord MRI should not dissuade from MOG-IgG testing in patients with acute/subacute myelitis.


The invention relates to a preparation method for carbon steel anode plate surface modification by using an epoxy resin layer to bond glass fibers. According to the method, a common carbon steel anode plate serves as a base material; after the surface of a base body is polished and subjected to floating rust oxidation layer removal, the anode plate is coated with acid-corrosion-resistant epoxy resin capable of being resistant to the temperature of 110 DEG C or above; and the surface of the anode plate is coated with multiple epoxy resin layers; and bubbles in the coating are removed in a rolling defoaming manner, and a special pressing roller coated with a wool felt layer with the thickness ranging from 2 mm to 3 mm is adopted for pressing when a piece of low-density glass fiber cloth is bonded, so that the bottom layer of the glass fiber cloth is pressed into the upper epoxy resin layer which is not completely solidified. By the adoption of the preparation method, the effect that a formed surface liquid film can be even and stable under the condition of the low washing water amount, and a pole plate can be effectively prevented from dust deposition and scale formation, so that long-term efficient and stable operating of a wet type electric dust removal device is guaranteed.


We present the results of a preliminary study into the usability of troubleshooting terminology around home computer networks. Forty-seven participants classified 29 terms, selected from interview transcripts and online help forums, in an open card sort. We analyzed words participants explicitly indicated as unfamiliar as well as words that participants misclassified. The study serves as a proof of concept for a broader study to determine whether certain technical terms and/or their colloquial counterparts are understandable by technical novices and intermediates. Our findings indicate that participants found technical and colloquial terms equally problematic. These findings have implications for the design of troubleshooting tools and systems as well as the design of technical support scripts and training.


The phase transformation,microstructure and memory function of Ti_(43.5)Ni_(47.0)Nb_(9.0)Zr_(0.5) wire were studied by differential scanning calorimetry,scanning electronic microscopy and electronic tensile machine.The results show that phase transformation of hot-drawn Ti_(43.5)Ni_(47.0)Nb_(9.0)Zr_(0.5) does not appear between room temperature and -170℃.After annealing at 750℃,M_s is -107℃,and A_s is -12℃.The reverse transformation temperature increases quickly and transformation hysteresis becomes wide with increasing deformation.The recovery stress reaches the maximum value of about 682 MPa with deformation of 13%,and the recovery strain is 6.3%.The curve of recovery stress relaxation indicates that the recovery stress begins to drop with decreasing temperature after the maximum recovery stress appear, the recovery stress is lower than 300 MPa between -20℃and -30℃.


Thinking and writing about his own life in The Prelude led Wordsworth to realize his need to "enshrine the spirit of the past/ For future restoration" (1805 Prelude, XI, 342-43). Recognizing the permanence of the past and of the powers of memory to recall it, he observed that "something to the memory sticks at last,/ Whence profit may be drawn in times to come" (III, 667-68). Eventually this line of thinking, so central to his personal instruction and his own peace of mind, carried over into Wordsworth's thoughts about the edification of the human race and into the works of his middle and later years. If individual enlightenment derived in part from a study of the personal past, Wordsworth reasoned, more general enlightenment might come from the diligent study of human history, man's collective past.


In women with dense breasts (heterogeneously or extremely dense), adding screening ultrasound to mammography increases detection of node-negative invasive breast cancer. Similar incremental cancer detection rates averaging 2.1–2.7 per 1000 have been observed for physician- and technologist-performed handheld ultrasound (HHUS) and automated ultrasound (AUS). Adding screening ultrasound (US) for women with dense breasts significantly reduces interval cancer rates. Training is critical before interpreting examinations for both modalities, and a learning curve to achieve optimal performance has been observed. On average, about 3% of women will be recommended for biopsy on the prevalence round because of screening US, with a wide range of 2%–30% malignancy rates for suspicious findings seen only on US. Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 3 lesions identified only on screening HHUS can be safely followed at 1 year rather than 6 months. Computer-aided detection and diagnosis software can augment performance of AUS and HHUS; ongoing research on machine learning and deep learning algorithms will likely improve outcomes and workflow with screening US.


Synthesis of theanine from glutamic acid and ethylamine in the presence of ATP was observed by the use of a homogenate of tea seedlings. The mechanism of theanine biosynthesis is discussed.


In recent years, China's private education institutions have developed rapidly and have chosen to go public for financing. This article reviews and sorts out the research results and progress of domestic and foreign experts and scholars on important issues related to profitability, investment significance, and listing financing methods of education listing, and points out that listing is a feasible and effective financing channel for private education institutions and should be strongly supported And development, and emphasized the risk of listing and financing, which has a certain role to play in promoting the listing and financing of private education institutions in China and related departments to formulate relevant policies for listing of private education institutions. In recent years, many high-quality private education institutions in China have chosen to go public for financing, such as New Oriental Education Technology Group, Minsheng Education Group, Yuhua Education Group, Ruijian Education Group, etc. Affected by the "non-profit" policy for a long time, the listing of private education institutions in China has been restricted. Article 19 of the "Law for the Promotion of Private Education" on November 7, 2016 stipulates: "The sponsors of private schools can choose to establish non-profit or for-profit private schools. The sponsors of for-profit private schools can obtain school benefits "This means that for-profit private education institutions have been recognized in China's laws, so it is also possible for our private education institutions to go public. In fact, domestic and foreign experts and scholars' research on education-related issues is very rich and comprehensive, providing a theoretical basis for the listing and financing of private education institutions in China. I. Research on Educational Profitability The premise of listing a private education institution is that the education institution is profitable. For-profit educational institutions have increased rapidly worldwide since the 1990s. The for-profit issue of education has also aroused great attention and widespread attention from the academic community. As early as 2001, Peng Hongbin conducted research on the profit of private education institutions in Japan and the United States [[[] Peng Hongbin. Analysis and Enlightenment of Private Education Profit Problems in Japan and the United States [J] .Comparative Education Research, 2001,37 (01): 52-54.]] And proposed that we should learn from the experience of private schools in the United States and Japan, clarify the profitability of private education institutions in legislation, and clarify issues such as the establishment, approval authority and taxation of private education institutions. Since then, after studying the private education institutions in the United States, Australia, South Africa, India, Singapore and other countries [[[] Wu Daguang.The marriage of private higher education and capital markets-international experience and China's road choices [J] .Education Research , 2003, 25 (12): 8-13.]] Further put forward: "The profit of private education is conducive to making private education institutions enter the capital market for financing by issuing stocks, thereby achieving the marriage between private education institutions and the capital market." Ren Fang researched the financing of private education [[[] Ren Fang. Research on the financing of private universities in China [D]. Xi'an: Northwest University, 2007.]] and believed that the 2020 Conference on Educational Science and Educational Skills (ESES2020) DOI: 10.38007/Proceedings.0000626 ISBN: 978-1-80052-003-5 -415profitability of private education was recognized to some extent It helps to improve the quality of education. She believes that the pursuit of profits will become the driving force for private education institutions to improve the quality of education. In foreign countries, especially the United States, the development of for-profit educational institutions is relatively mature. Dees Stallings believes: "Education for profit is a reform movement with great market potential" [[[] Dees Stallings. The virtual university is inevitable: But will the model be non-profit or profit? A speculative commentary on the emerging education environment [J] .Journal of Academic Librarianship, 1997,223 (4): 271-280.]]. Annes Chung pointed out in the article "The Choice of For-Profit University" that because for-profit educational institutions can adapt to changes in the labor market, and public education institutions are largely unresponsive, companies are increasingly prefering for-profit university graduates. Many foreign high-income families choose for-profit private education institutions, and low-income families choose public schools [[[] Annas Chung. Choice of for-profit college [J] .Economics of Education Rview, 2012,31 (6): 10841101.]]. American scholar Richard S. Ruch in "Higher Education Companies: The Rise of For-profit Universities" [[[] Richard S.Ruch), translated by Peiwen Wen. Higher Education: For-profit The Rise of Universities [M]. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2015: 29-109.]] States: "The most important factors for profit-making universities to obtain profits are the quality of teaching and teaching services. The profit of the university is obtained by the poor teaching provided by scale education, which is a big mistake. "Mr. Richard S. Ruch proved the benefits of educational institutions and the success of the American education reform with facts and data, which also made us eliminate. Doubts about whether the profit of educational institutions affects the quality of teaching. II. Research on the Significance of Education Investment Private education institutions are profitable, and the education services provided have the attributes of commodities. Ma Yongxia discussed the value of personal education investment [[[] Ma Yongxia .On the value of personal education investment [J] .Journal of Hebei Normal University (Education Science Edition), 2004,7 (02): 50-54.]], I believe that investing in education is not only conducive to increasing the human capital stock of individuals, but also to accelerate the development of education, promote social and economic prosperity, solve the shortage of education funding, and help to achieve true education equity and adjust the balance of education supply and demand. Li Zhen made a special study on the significance of education investment to the formation of human capital [[[] Li Zhen .The significance of education investment to the formation of human capital [J] .Journal of Jilin Province Economic Management Cadre College, 2015,27 (02): 39-40.]], Believe that education investment is conducive to improving the quality of labor force, accumulating human capital, is the most important means to cultivate workers' moral values. Wang Lijun of Capital University of Economics and Trade has done a lot of research on the impact of China's education investment on economic development [[[] Wang Lijun.Effect of Chinese Education Investment on China's Economic Development [D] .Beijing: Capital University of Economics and Trade, 2006.]] Based on the relevant data and models, we have scientifically tested the correlation between China 's education investment and the total GDP, which proves that the fluctuation of education investment in China is always highly closely related to the fluctuation of economic growth. It is concluded that increasing education investment helps promote China 's actual The conclusion of economic growth. In fact, as early as 1961, the famous American economist Schultz, known as the "father of human capital", took education as an investment in people, and in "Human Capital Investment" [[[[ ] Theodore. W. Schultz. "Human Capital Investment" [M]. Beijing: Commercial Press, 1990.]] states: "Human capital investment is an investment with a high rate of return on investment, and there is no way to compare it with other areas." According to Schultz: "There is a very close relationship between investment in human capital and the growing economic value of people.


The invention discloses a method, a device and a system for transmitting and processing cells in an asynchronous transfer mode. In the scheme, at an LINK-PHY interface transmitting end, a plurality of ATM cells are simultaneously born in a single segment, particularly, the plurality of ATM cells are put into the same segment, the length information of ATM cell groups is written in the packaging overhead of the segment, and the segment is processed and transmitted. In the scheme, the plurality of ATM cells are transmitted simultaneously in the single segment of the LINK-PHY interface, so the net load transmission efficiency is obviously improved, the actual effective bandwidth of the LINK-PHY interface is greatly improved, and the data transmission delay is reduced simultaneously. Because the length of the ATM cells is fixed, the LINK-PHY interface receiving end can determine the number of the ATM cells in the received segment according to the length information of the ATM cell groups in the packaging overhead of the segment; therefore, the data in the segment can be reduced into a plurality of ATM cells representing upper-layer service.


The papers deal with and are grouped according to four major issues. These are: surface radiation properties, including synthesis and measurement, space flight effect, and contamination effects; thermal analysis, including reentry vehicle analysis, radiant heat transfer between surfaces, and thermal contact conductance of surfaces; heat pipes, including possible applications, operating characteristics, and design, fabrication and testing of heat pipes; and thermal design, including radiative, ablative, and active cooling thermal protection of the leading edge of a space-shuttle wing, and space station environmental thermal control. Individual items were previously announced in issues 06 and 11, 1971.


Based on the analysis that H.Agrawal's slicing algorithm produced imprecise result for Circular program, from which a conclusion was drawn that the reason for the imprecision was that the dependence relation of the relied graph was defined too coarsely. Upon which, dynamic program slice algorithm of optimizing dependence was proposed, the connection of the states in a program can be denoted by arrival states, pass through layers by layers, the program structure and the connection of program states can be denoted clearly, improved the accuracy of dynamic program slicing.


In the matter of the fact-finding between Katonah-Lewisboro Support Staff Association/NYSUT/AFT/NEA and Katonah-Lewisboro Union Free School District. Case Number M2008-327. Fact-Finder: Rosemary A. Townley, Esq., Ph.D.


To minimize harmful effects of the fungicide application in sweet cherry orchards, it is necessary to use them in accordance with the good agricultural practice and to monitor presence of their residues. Cherry leaf spot caused by Blumeriella jaapii is a significant sweet cherry disease which control is heavily dependent on fungicide treatments. In this study, effects of fungicide treatments against B. jaapii and fungicide residues remaining in sweet cherry fruits after the treatments were evaluated, and the causal agent of cherry leaf spot was confirmed on cherry leaves from untreated control plots using conventional phytopathological techniques (isolation on nutrient media and morphological traits of developed fungal colonies). The trial was set up at two localities in south Serbia (District of Niš), in sweet cherry orchards, according to EPPO methods. Fungicides tested against B. jaapii were based on dodine (650 g a.i./kg) WP formulation, at concentration of 0.1% and mancozeb (800 g a.i./kg) WP formulation, at concentration of 0.25%. During the trial, two evaluations were carried out. Fungicide efficacy was determined according to Abbott. The obtained data were statistically processed by ANOVA and LSD test. In both sweet cherry orchards high efficacy in control B. jaapii was registered in case of dodine application efficacy of 96.3-98.9%, while mancozeb showed slightly lower efficacy of 91.0-95.6%. The results of the dissipation dynamic suggest that the dodine dissipation curves followed the first-order kinetic (Ct=6.23e−0.09, with R2=0.986) and its half-life in sweet cherry fruits was 7.7 days. The final residues in sweet cherry fruits were below the MRL (3 mg/kg) 21 days after the application. The results indicate that sweet cherry fruits can be safely consumed after dodine based fungicides applications at the recommended rate.


As a new estate,the third party logistics is developing rapidly in the world.We must pay attention to the customer relationship management,because it is one of the important parts of the third party logistics.This article analyses the features,significances and tactics of the customer relationship management of the third party logistics.


OF THE DISSERTATION A STUDY OF SPARSE REPRESENTATION OF BOOLEAN FUNCTIONS by Yekun Xu Florida International University, 2021 Miami, Florida Professor Ning Xie, Major Professor The Boolean function is one of the most fundamental computation models in theoretical computer science. The two most common representations of Boolean functions are Fourier transform and real polynomial form. Applying analytic tools under these representations to the study Boolean functions has led to fruitful research in many areas such as complexity theory, learning theory, inapproximability, pseudorandomness, metric embedding, property testing, threshold phenomena, social choice and etc. In this thesis, we focus on sparse representations of Boolean function in both Fourier transform and polynomial form, and obtain the following new results. A classical result of Rothschild and van Lint asserts that if every non-zero Fourier coefficient of a Boolean function f over F2 has the same absolute value, namely |f̂(α)| = 1/2 for every α in the Fourier support of f , then f must be the indicator function of some affine subspace of dimension n − k. Here we slightly generalize their result, and show that Boolean functions whose Fourier coefficients take values in the set {−2/2,−1/2, 0, 1/2, 2/2} are indicator functions of two disjoint affine subspaces of dimension n − k or four disjoint affine subspaces of dimension n − k − 1. Our main technical tools are results from additive combinatorics which offer tight bounds on the affine span size of a subset of F2 when the doubling constant of the subset is small. For polynomial representation of a Boolean functions, we study the distribution of the number of non-zero coefficients of random Boolean functions. For a random Boolean


Science, politics, and the agricultural revolution in Asia , Science, politics, and the agricultural revolution in Asia , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی


Care should be taken when designing controllers for sampled-data nonlinear systems using approximate discrete-time models, even in the case of fast sampling. Indeed, given a family of approximate discrete-time models for a sampled continuous-time nonlinear plant, where the family is parameterized by the sampling period T, and given a family of discrete-time controllers that globally asymptotically stabilizes the family of plant models for all T sufficiently small, the family of controllers may or may not semi-globally practically asymptotically stabilize the exact discrete-time model of the plant. We provide sufficient conditions that guarantee semi-global practical asymptotic stability for sampled-data nonlinear systems using controllers that asymptotically stabilize approximate discrete-time models.


Together with paspaline (7), two indoloditerpenes designated dehydroxypaxilline (5), C27H23NO3, and emindole SB (6), C28H39NO, were isolated from the mycelium of Emericella striata. The structures of dehydroxypaxilline (5) and emindole SB (6) were determined on the basis of spectroscopic investigation of these compounds. It is very interesting that emindole SB (6), paspaline (7), and dehyroxypaxilline (5) were isolated from the same fungus, E. striata, on consideration of the biogenesis of paxilline (1) which had also been isolated from the same fungus as one of the main components.


Balancing is an indispensable instrument of legal reasoning, both with respect to the interpretation and application of basic and human rights and to numerous other fields of law. However, the objectivity, rationality, and legitimacy of this method are now being contested. It is criticised as irrational and arbitrary, a threat to legal certainty, and an illegitimate interference of courts with the political sphere. The contributions in this volume are devoted to an examination of these issues. Some of them discuss the structure of balancing and offer advanced theoretical analyses. A main focus is Robert Alexy's "weight formula". Other issues are the problem of rationality of balancing and its legitimacy in judicial decision-making, in particular regarding the application of the principle of proportionality in constitutional and European Community law.


A universal theory of solving the original problems of applied mechanics was developed to determine the rational geometric parameters of two-bearing three-stage shafts of the smallest volume with two nozzles, covering three modifications of the design under consideration. The optimization process model is brought to the calculation algorithm and is illustrated by a characteristic numerical example.
Keywords:
optimization, strength condition, minimum volume, extremum, objective function.
email@example.com


In this paper, we propose a new MAC protocol to effectively exploit spatial reuse of IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function (DCF). The existing DCF node simply blocks its transmission if the medium is sensed to be busy. Thus, it is inefficient in terms of the network throughput due to overcautious estimation of the interference. The proposed spatial reuse DCF (SRDCF) employs the information of locations and the required signal to interference ratio (SIR) to predict the interference more accurately. Then, it determines whether the node blocks its data transmission or not. Based on the interference estimation (i.e., feasibility analysis), we extract the appropriate transmission power for successful concurrent transmissions. By doing this, the node of the SRDCF can adjust its transmission power. Consequently, the SRDCF increases the network throughput by allowing concurrent transmissions. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed SRDCF works better than original IEEE 802.11 DCF.


The invention discloses a kind of method that driving DMD superelevation frame frequency shows high-dynamics image, the present invention shows the requirement of high-dynamics image based on DMD superelevation frame frequency, is 2 by pixel dynamic range N Image be split as 1~N grades of bitmaps, shortest time with reference to needed for DMD hardware loads bitmap, calculate the 1~N grades of bitmaps respective modulation display time, and determine that 1~M grades of bitmaps need to carry out inversion operation, negate the M width bitmaps of acquisition the modulation display time be disposed as DMD loading bitmap needed for shortest time, then the M width bitmap that 1~N grades of bitmaps and negating are obtained is loaded onto DMD successively and shown according to the modulation time of setting, so as to realize that the superelevation frame frequency of high-dynamics image is shown.The limitation that pulse-width modulated method is brought the time required to the present invention efficiently solves DMD loading bitmaps, when the high-dynamics image DMD more than applied to 8 gray scales is shown, can be substantially improved the display frame frequency of image.


This paper elaborates how to use some proper teaching methods in the process of teaching vocality and therefore help students find out shortcuts to learning the vocal art.To employ correct methodology is the responsibility of the music teachers.


Purpose- This study aims to determine the effect of intellectual capital, which includes Human Capital (HC), Structured Capital (SC), Capital Employed (CE), and innovation on the performance of SOEs in the Banking Sector in Indonesia
Methodology- This study uses various research and secondary data from journals and books.
Findings- The findings indicate that Intellectual capital, including Human Capital, Structural Capital and Capital Employed, relates positively to organisational performance in the banking sectors. The results also support the argument that innovation played an important role in organisational performance in the banking sectors.
Research Implications- This study limits its generalisations since it is limited to the effect of intellectual capital and innovation on the performance of the company (issuer) in SOEs in the Banking Sector.
Practical Implications- The present study provides insight and knowledge for investors before making financial decisions, such as investment decisions and other investment instruments, to minimise possible risks. This study is expected to be used as a source of information and learning to measure the performance of the company (issuer) and to improve the quality of the company so that it is effective and improves the welfare of the company and its customers. It is hoped that this research can be used as a source of reference and consideration as well as theories for future research.


From the nonempty collection of all closed sets (Y) of any topological space (X, T), Schmidt generates a topological space (Y,U). In this paper, we give some properties of this topological space. We de termined when (I, (Y, U)) is an extension of (X, T). Also we give some separation properties. This paper leads us to unsolved problem men tioned at the end of it.


Submitted for the MAR08 Meeting of The American Physical Society Effects of coarse-graining on fluctuations in gene expression JUAN PEDRAZA, JOHAN PAULSSON, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard University — Many cellular components are present in such low numbers per cell that random births and deaths of individual molecules can cause significant 'noise' in concentrations. But biochemical events do not necessarily occur in steps of individual molecules. Some processes are greatly randomized when synthesis or degradation occurs in large bursts of many molecules in a short time interval. Conversely, each birth or death of a macromolecule could involve several small steps, creating a memory between individual events. Here we present generalized theory for stochastic gene expression, formulating the variance in protein abundance in terms of the randomness of the individual events, and discuss the effective coarse-graining of the molecular hardware. We show that common molecular mechanisms produce gestation and senescence periods that can reduce noise without changing average abundances, lifetimes, or any concentration-dependent control loops. We also show that single-cell experimental methods that are now commonplace in cell biology do not discriminate between qualitatively different stochastic principles, but that this in turn makes them better suited for identifying which components introduce fluctuations. Juan Pedraza Department of Systems Biology, Harvard University Date submitted: 04 Dec 2007 Electronic form version 1.4


A 2‐year randomized placebo‐controlled double‐blind trial of 250 mg day−1 of the aldose reductase inhibitor Sorbinil in severe symptomatic chronic peripheral neuropathy was performed in 21 diabetic patients. Due to adverse reactions 8 patients completed the trial on Sorbinil and 6 patients on placebo. Despite differences in baseline neurophysiological parameters, duration of diabetes, and presence of retinopathy between the placebo and treatment groups, there were no initial differences in in vitro platelet aggregation, albumin excretion rate (AER) or muscle capillary basement membrane thickness. After 2 years the median deterioration in AER in the placebo group was 18.4 μg min−1 (range 2.6–64.8 μg min−1). This deterioration was significant (p < 0.03). The change in AER in the Sorbinil group was +1.25 (‐10.7 to +20.4) μg min−1, an insignificant change. In vitro platelet responsiveness to collagen and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) increased in the placebo group (median change max% collagen + 8 (+2 to +30)%; ADP +4.5 (0 to +20)% compared with a fall in the Sorbinil treated patients (median change; collagen −17.5 (‐2 to −40)%, p < 0.05; ADP, −4 (0 to −25)%, p < 0.05). Muscle capillary basement membrane thickness was measured in only 3 patients in each group and did not alter significantly during the trial. All 12 neurophysiological measurements showed no significant changes between the treatment and placebo groups. The data suggest that aldose reductase inhibition has effects on platelet reactivity and microalbuminuria.


Knowledge and understanding children's learning and the use of IT planning and preparation teaching and classroom management assessment, recording and reporting special educational needs the inspection process professional requirements working with parents continuing professional development becoming a qualified teacher.


Nutrient resorption is a key component of nutrient conservation strategies and productivity and element cycling in ecosystems. It influences many, if not most, ecosystem processes, including carbon cycling and resource鄄use efficiency, plant litter decomposition through changes in litter quality, and plant competition. We studied 15 species of evergreen woody plants and 14 species of deciduous woody plants in a limestone area in Chongqing; compared leaf dry matter content (LDMC), specific leaf area ( SLA), and leaf thickness ( LT) of two different types of plants before and after leaf senescence; and analysed leaf nutrients and resorption characteristics before and after senescence by using different calculation methods ( nutrient content per unit mass and leaf nutrient content per unit area) . Finally, we analysed the correlation between nutrient resorption efficiency and other leaf traits. The results showed that LDMC and LT were significantly higher in the mature leaves of evergreen species than in those of deciduous species in the Chongqing karst area.


This paper is to examine the current state of Caribbean women's participation in the Caribana festival in Toronto. Caribbean-origin women in general have, over time, developed transnational identities that are a logical extension of their roles as modern, assertive feminist subjects who are employed full time, juggle familial responsibilities and are also actively participating in the Caribana cultural festival each year as spectators, supporters, and dancers who provocatively express their agency and independence.


The invention relates to a detection and control access interface for automobiles and their methods. The detection and control access interface for automobiles is connected with a controller-local area network, which is formed of a body control module and a plurality of body components. In the inventive interface provides a plurality of device diagnostic commands and status diagnostic data is stored in advance, so that the body control module executes in accordance with a device diagnostic command corresponding a specific body component actuator, which by the body component captures the controller-local area network delegated state feedback data and outputs the matching with the status feedback data status diagnostic data to determine the state of operation of the body component, or so that an associated external device (470), the status diagnostic data obtained. All device control signals are transmitted through the body control module to avoid disruptions in the operation of the controller-local network and connected to the body control module external device (470) to control, to ensure that all body components are under control and function normally.


Yu Yu, ∗ Jun Zhang, 3 Yipeng Jing, 3 and Pengjie Zhang 3, 1, † Key laboratory for research in galaxies and cosmology, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Science, 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai, China, 200030 Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, 200240


Objective—Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) produces fetal hyperglycemia with increased lifelong risks for the exposed offspring of cardiovascular and other diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms induce long-term gene expression changes in response to in utero environmental perturbations. Moreover, microRNAs (miRs) control the function of endothelial cells (ECs) under physiological and pathological conditions and can target the epigenetic machinery. We investigated the functional and expressional effect of GDM on human fetal ECs of the umbilical cord vein (HUVECs). We focused on miR-101 and 1 of its targets, enhancer of zester homolog-2 (EZH2), which trimethylates the lysine 27 of histone 3, thus repressing gene transcription. EZH2 exists as isoforms α and β. Approach and Results—HUVECs were prepared from GDM or healthy pregnancies and tested in apoptosis, migration, and Matrigel assays. GDM-HUVECs demonstrated decreased functional capacities, increased miR-101 expression, and reduced EZH2- β and trimethylatio...


The wedge penetration test deserves recognition as an indirect method for determining the tensile strength of grey cast irons with flake graphite. Simple hand operated hydraulic apparatus gives appropriate reproducibility and accuracy. Machined bar test pieces used by the author have advantages over the popular flat discs. The test is simple and its rapidity and economy have secured its place in quality control in the foundry. Correlation of wedge penetration and tensile strengths have been determined and the influence of test bar geometry has been studied. International standardization of wedge penetration tests is already in hand and it is timely for Australian iron founders and engineers to acquaint themselves with the method and have confidence in its results. The casting process offers unrivalled freedom of design and castings today have much higher integrity than their forebears. A well designed iron casting utilizes the unique high compressive strength of cast iron and curtails mass by intelligent placement of ribs and flanges. The wedge penetration test is seen to have an additional role in researching or investigating the actual strength in various positions through castings themselves and could play a vital part in developing the design of iron castings.


Temperature dependence of the dielectric constant of oleic acid with different degrees of purity was measured in the 233–313 K range. It was observed that the presence of impurities (palmitic and linolenic acids) strongly influences the dielectric constant, melting point and dipole moment of the oleic acid. The values of apparent dipole moment and the Kirkwood correlation parameters were evaluated using the Kirkwood's model and were estimated to be about 1.20, 1.61 and 2.27 D, respectively for 60, 90 and 97 wt% oleic acid.


High arsenic concentrations in groundwater were first detected in western Bangladesh in the early 1990s. The arsenic is of natural origin and is believed to be mobilized in the subsurface by a number of mechanisms that are not yet clearly understood. Estimates of the population in Bangladesh now exposed to concentrations over the national drinking water standard vary from 20 million to over 36 million people, with 57 million out of a population of over 140 million being exposed to levels higher than the World Health Organization standard. While a national survey has identified 38,430 chronic cases so far, at least one scientific study estimates that the prevalence of arsenicosis in Bangladesh annually could be up to two million cases if consumption of contaminated water continues. For skin cancer it could be up to one million cases, and the incidence of death from arsenic-induced cancer could be 3,000 cases. In response to the problem, many initiatives have been launched both domestically and internationally to analyze and deal with the situation, including finding alternate sources of water and ways of treating it. By the middle of 2005, 1,851 deep tube wells had been installed to draw from the (so far) arsenic-free deep aquifer, with plans to put in 8,981 more. At the same time, 5,626 dug wells, 458 pond sand filters, and 2,606 household-scale rainwater-harvesting units have been installed, but there are still problems with these systems and other technologies to treat water, and Bangladesh's government is reviewing and certifying technologies that remove arsenic from water. This paper presents an overview of some of the important aspects of arsenic contamination of groundwater in Bangladesh, including an overview of the extent of contamination, current knowledge about the source of arsenic and the mechanisms governing its mobilization, as well as a summary of the present understanding of the impact of irrigating with arsenicladen water on agricultural soil and the food chain. Several different arsenic removal technologies already in use or tested in Bangladesh are discussed, along with the results of the first phase of a certification process for arsenic removal technologies.


According to the successful experience and practical situation of the project,the scheme of using reservoir instead of desilting tank in Yangang reservoir is studied.The feasibility and advantages of the scheme is presented through economical and technical comparison and result comprehensive analysis of the required function.


This paper reviews an approach to increase soil moisture resolution over a sample region over Australia using the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) sensor and Landsat 8 only. This approach uses an inductive localized approach, eschewing the need to obtain a resilient and definitive model in favor of a temporary model that utilizes current conditional inputs only. For the purposes of this analysis, the SMAP 36 km soil moisture product is considered fully valid and accurate. Landsat bands coinciding in collection date with a SMAP capture are down sampled to match the resolution of the SMAP product. A series of indices describing the Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Triangle (SVAT) relationship are then produced using the down sampled Landsat bands. These indices are then related to the local coincident SMAP values to identify a series of rules or trees to identify the local rules defining the relationship between soil moisture and the aforementioned indices. This paper uses a random forest due to its highly accurate learning against local ground truth data. The defined rules are then applied to the Landsat image in the native Landsat resolution to determine local soil moisture. Ground truth comparison is done via a series of grids using time dielectric impedance and airborne Lband Multi-beam Radiometer (PLMR) observations done under the SMAPEx-5 campaign (Panciera 2013). The predictive power of the inferred learning soil moisture algorithm (ILSMA) did well with a mean absolute error of 0.054 over an airborne L-band retrieved surface over the same region. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents. DESTROY THIS REPORT WHEN NO LONGER NEEDED. DO NOT RETURN IT TO THE ORIGINATOR. ERDC/GRL TR-18-1 iii


The use of linear permanent-magnet (PM) actuators increases in a wide variety of applications because of the high force density, robustness and accuracy. The paper describes the modelling of a linear PM motor applied in, for example, wafer steppers, including magnetic saturation. This is important because to reach high performance, the feedforward control must predict the force generated by the motor, also when the motor is saturated. The motor is modelled as a reluctance network. The saturating parts of the magnetic circuit are modelled as variable reluctances and magnetomotive forces represent the currents and the magnets. In saturation, a current leading the no-load voltage results in an increase of the generated force. The good correlation between the calculated and the measured force justifies the model.


This article deals with a robust control strategy for a distributed generation system (DGS), which operates in both islanded and grid-connected modes. Generally, in the low-voltage islanded mode of DGS, the point of common coupling (PCC) voltages are unbalanced due to the unbalanced load connection. Therefore, in an islanded mode of DGS, the load-side converter is controlled using the improved proportional resonant controller to maintain the PCC voltages quality within the IEEE-1547 standard. Moreover, the DGS is capable to synchronize to the grid without any transient current. During the change of modes of DGS, large transients occur in the battery current due to the switching of battery control. This problem is resolved by the presented bidirectional dc–dc converter control strategy and robust inner-loop quadrature second-order generalized integrator-based phase-locked loop. The effectiveness of this DGS control strategy is verified by the corresponding MATLAB/Simulink platform under load unbalance, solar irradiance changes, and during the mode of switching. Moreover, the simulation results are validated using the test results and show the robustness of the control strategy during abnormal grid voltage condition.


2655 Background: The rising usage of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has increased the incidence of rare adverse events in routine practice. Neurological adverse events (nAEs) are a heterogeneous group of outcomes that are infrequent and typically diagnosed by exclusion. They more often involve the peripheral (e.g., neuropathy, myasthenia gravis) than the central nervous system (e.g., encephalitis, hypophysitis). Evidence remains extremely limited with no large cohorts and incidence reported through small case series. This study aimed to analyze data from all clinically significant nAEs to characterize their risk factors, incidence, severity, and management. Methods: We created a retrospective registry of all patients who received at least one dose of an ICI for any indication between 2/1/2011 and 4/7/2022 at a comprehensive cancer center and its outreach clinics. Study personnel reviewed clinical documentation from all patients to collect data on treatment-emergent adverse events; attribution and severity were estimated using National Cancer Institute guidelines and the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. The investigators created a secure, cloud-based registry (REDCap), validated it with data quality rules, and resolved all discrepancies; clinical research specialists at Vasta Global captured most of the data. Categorical variables were compared using Fisher's exact test. Statistical significance defined as p < 0.05. The study had institutional IRB approval. Results: In the total cohort of 3,137 patients, there were 47 nAEs (1.49%). The majority of these nAEs were peripheral (31, 0.99%; grade 3/4 in 14 patients, 0.45%) as opposed to central (16, 0.50%; grade 3/4 in 8, 0.25%). Pre-existing neurological comorbidities were present in five patients who had central nAEs (stroke = 3, dementia = 2) and in one patient with a peripheral nAE (stroke = 1). All high-grade (3-4) central nAEs occurred among renal (4, 50%), melanoma (3, 38%), or lung (1, 12.5%) primaries which was statistically significant when compared to other grade 3/4 adverse events (p < 0.0001) or no adverse events (p < 0.0001). Median days from first ICI to nAE was 55 IQR [22-175] and average treatment with prednisone equivalent was 2.5 mg/kg, std 4.6. Conclusions: The incidence of nAEs (1-2%) appeared higher than prior estimates in this retrospective patient registry which included patients who did not have neurology consultation or specific billing codes. All high-grade nAEs occurred in a tumor type known to favor metastases to the brain. With similar patterns among low grade events, an underlying mechanism of molecular mimicry seems more likely. Both time to presentation and treatment remained highly heterogenous. Further research is needed on treatment-emergent nAEs to determine if they are potentiated by neurologic comorbidities or subclinical brain metastases.


Introduction We have conducted experiments of anomalous oscillation in space (image nonprojectiveness) of moiré and Pendellösung interference fringes of X-rays [1]. During the past year, the experimental research has been extended so as to use much more parallel and monochromatic beam than before. In this ultra plane-wave experiment the oscillation of Pendellösung fringes from a silicon wedge crystal was observed with a significantly improved clarity with larger amplitude than in previous experiments.


We successfully measured a far-end 160-Gb/s waveform after transmission over a 508-km distance using a new advanced envelope-detection circuit for an Optical Sampling Oscilloscope (OSO). Although the transmitted 160-Gb/s multiplexed signal contained wander, the eye diagram of each channel was clearly observed. This paper describes the principle of the new method and demonstrates the results of far-end waveform measurement in a field trial using the JAPAN GIGABIT NETWORK 2 (JGN2).


A linear-quadratic-Gaussian (LQG) compensator design procedure is proposed for the DSS-13 antenna. The procedure is based on two properties. It is shown that tracking and flexible motion of the antenna are almost independent (the separation property). As a consequence, compensators for the flexible and tracking parts can be designed separately. It is shown also that the balanced LQG compensator's effort is evenly divided between the controller and the estimator. This allows a minimization of the compensator order, which is important for implementation purposes. An efficient compensator reduction procedure that gives a stable low-order compensator of satisfactory performance is introduced. This approach is illustrated with a detailed compensator design for the DSS-13 antenna. The implementation of this compensator design requires an update of the antenna model.


Intestinal malrotation is defined as an alteration in the rotation and fixation of the intestine during the fetal stage. It can present with a wide clinical spectrum ranging from acute volvulus to chronic duodenal obstruction.
Its clinical presentation is therefore also very varied, from asymptomatic patients in whom the diagnosis can be made as a finding, to extremely serious symptoms such as a midgut volvulus.
Midgut volvulus is the most severe manifestation of this malformation spectrum, and its presentation without ischemia in asymptomatic patients is a rare formof presentation.
The objective of this work is to present the clinical history of two patients with intestinal malrotation who presented a midgut volvulus in the neonatal period.
In both cases, a Ladd procedure was performed, requiring in the first patient a extensive intestinal resection due to intestinal necrosis. Both had a good progress in the postoperative period.


Organic photovoltaic devices utilizing α-sexithiophene (6T) as a donor and tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene (DBP) as an acceptor were fabricated and compared to devices utilizing DBP as a donor and C60 as an acceptor. The 6T/DBP devices exhibit substantially higher open circuit voltage, 1.27 V compared to 0.86 V for DBP/C60, as a consequence of the higher energy charge transfer state formed. The 6T/DBP devices yield short-circuit current of 3.9 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage of 1.27 V, and fill factor of 0.55, resulting in a power conversion efficiency of 2.8%. Atomic force microscopy studies show that 6T forms textured films on indium–tin oxide, and subsequent deposition of DBP infills the surface. Optical modeling provides insight into the ideal active layer and transport layer thicknesses. A power conversion efficiency of close to 3% is achieved for a fairly large process window of layer thickness combinations. The high open-circuit voltage in conjunction with absorption out to a wavelength of 650 nm make...


Introduction In this chapter, we examine the commercialization of art museums by looking at trends and patterns of revenue and expenditures as well as other financial indicators over time. Commercialization involves greater reliance on earned income relative to other forms of revenue, such as donations and government grants. In the case of museums, earned income includes fees, sales, and charges that are related or unrelated to the charitable purpose of the organization. We first explore possible reasons for, and characteristic elements of, commercialization, and then look for patterns that might help explain whether (and if so, why) art museums have become more commercial over time. For the main part of this analysis, we make use of the tax returns (Forms 990) of the largest U.S. museums at five different points in time between 1982 and 1992. Over the past three decades the museum field has undergone major changes, as museums slowly transformed from secluded temples of culture to more popular institutions with considerable public appeal (d'Harnoncourt et al. 1991, 54–5). Beginning in the 1960s, both the number of museums and the number of visitors to them increased considerably. Attendance at art museums rose from twenty-two million in 1962 to forty-two million in 1975 to seventy million in 1986 and to over seventy-five million in 1988 (Heilbrun and Gray 1993, 170). The number of art museums expanded as well. Indeed, one out of two American art museums was founded after 1970: 13 percent were founded in the 1980s, and 37 percent in the 1970s, whereas 18 percent were created during the 1960s, and only 31 percent of all art museums were founded before that decade (AAM 1992, 64).


For many companies, product safety compliance is an afterthought-once the product has been designed for functional excellence, a compliance engineer tries to retrofit the requirements to the new product. This "band-aid" approach to compliance can cause dramatic increases in product development costs and significant time-to-market delays. "Designing for compliance" is a process that incorporates product safety design principles at all stages of product development. From product concept, through on-going production, and continuing into future engineering change orders. By using this systematic approach to product safety, product developers can design products faster and at a lower cost.


An integrated platform of dynamic risk assessment using the Theory of Stimulated Dynamics (TSD) is developed for chemical and petrochemical industrial facilities. The methodology has been applied to perform the nuclear protection engineering with good assessment capabilities. The probabilistic modeling part of TSD aims to identify the risk space with the objective of obtaining an estimation of the exceedance frequencies of specified safety limits. The calculation of the exceedance frequency of a given safety limit consists of a twofold tasks: (1) identification of the damage domain of all the possible transients grouped in the sequence by using the adaptive search algorithm, and (2) the calculation of the collective frequencies of all those transients with the Q-Kernel frequency density function. The Probabilistic analysis with these two tasks can be coupled with the deterministic analysis based on thermodynamic and chemical reactions modeling which aims to evaluate the transient behavior of chemically reacting system inside containment. Both probabilistic and deterministic risk analysis provide a framework to evaluate the dynamic safety in chemical and petrochemical industries. To illustrate the dynamic risk analysis study, we present a simplified case of Methyl-Isocyanate explosion scenario inside the storage tank 610 of the Bhopal plant.


India being an agricultural economy, packaging will play a prominent role in food related sector. Processed food sector will be a major purchaser of packaging supplies. Transportation of milk, food grains and commodities like tea, coffee, edible oil over long distances and under changing climatic conditions is a major challenge to the packaging industry. Fruits and vegetables are perishable and do need protective packagings like Modified Atmospheric Packaging (MAP) and Controlled Atmospheric Packaging (CAP). Cold storage facilities are required more.


Insects entertain intricate and mutualistic relationship with an array of microorganisms, which significantly influence their fitness, ecology and evolution. In recent decades, there has been increasing interest toward studying the effects of microbiome on many host insects (Dipterans, Lepidopterans, and Coleopterans). Studies so far realized indicate that gut microbiome contribute to host nutritional ecology, defense, immunity and lifespan.
Bactrocera dorsalis (Tephritidae: Diptera) is a polyphagous fruit fly which attacks a huge variety of fruits and vegetables worldwide and has been placed as a quarantine species by many countries. To investigate the specific functions of the gut endosymbionts, it is a prerequisite to know the composition of gut bacterial communities whose manipulation will help to decipher their ecological relevance. Here, we used the culture-dependent technique to isolate and identify gut bacteria from B. dorsalis at different developmental stages. The results revealed 11 bacterial species from the third instar larvae, 18 and 12 from female and male populations, respectively. These bacteria were assigned to six families, namely, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae, Staphylococcaceae, Streptococcaceae, Micrococcaceae and Bacillaceae. Bacterial species from these families were differentially represented in various samples, except Klebsiella oxytoca , Enterobacter cloacae, Pantoea dispers and Enterococcus faecalis that were detected at all developmental stages. Overall, Enterobacteriaceae was the most dominant family in females and third instar larvae accounting for 57.89% and 26.32%, respectively, while Enterococcaceae was dominant in males with 75% of the total bacterial taxa. These results suggest that B. dorsalis possesses a huge variety of cultivable bacteria that could be used to explore their specific functions on host physiology and fitness.


In teaching intermediate microeconomic theory, emphasis should be placed on the presentation of individual elements as part of a unifying general equilibrium model. The author outlines such a model.


This paper analyses the cloud characteristics of logistics information resources based on cloud computing,researches realization model of computing resource sharing platform,technology architecture,design and operation.Through Internet of things and the data migration technology,Google App Engine cloud computing platform is used to realize data compatibility,to achieve the information platform reliability,versatility,high expansibility and security.


【Objective】 This paper studied the joint toxicity of bisphenol A and p-Nitrophenol to Misgurnus anguillicadatus,which can offer reference for evaluating toxicity of phenolic compound to hydrobiont.【Method】 In the single toxic tests,according to the maximum tolerance concentration and the minimal lethal concentration of bisphenol A and p-Nitrophenol to Misgurnus anguillicadatus in preliminary tests,the five mass concentrations of bisphenol A(4.8,5.8,6.9,8.3,10.0 mg/L)and p-Nitrophenol(11.6,13.6,15.8,18.4,21.5 mg/L)were set up,respectively,and LC50 of 24,48,72 and 96 h to Misgurnus anguillicadatus was calculated.The joint toxic tests were done using the same methods with the single toxic tests,and the Marking′s additive index method was taken to evaluate the joint toxicity of bisphenol A and p-Nitrophenol to Misgurnus anguillicadatus.【Result】 The single toxic tests showed that LC50 of 24,48,72 and 96 h for bisphenol A to Misgurnus anguillicadatus was 8.31,8.02,6.95 and 6.43 mg/L,respectively.That for p-Nitrophenol was 19.25,17.58,17.04 and 14.70 mg/L,respectively.The joint toxicity of bisphenol A and p-Nitrophenol was antagonism because the values of AI were less than zero at 24,48,72 and 96 h,and the absolute values of AI decreased with the increasing exposure time.【Conclusion】 Both bisphenol A and p-Nitrophenol had high toxicity to Misgurnus anguillicadatus,and bisphenol A had higher toxicity than p-Nitrophenol.The joint toxicity of bisphenol A and p-Nitrophenol was antagonistic which weakened with the increasing exposure time.


Genetic diversity of Ginkgo biloba var.epiphyllais assessed through AFLP in this paper.The genetic relationship of eight Ginkgo biloba var.epiphyllatrees from Japan and China was analyzed in order to provide theoretical evidence for preservation and utilization of Ginkgobiloba var.epiphylla.By selecting seven clear and high polymorphic primer combinations from sixty-four EcoRI/MseI primer combinations,AFLP analysis on the genetic relationship of eight Ginkgo biloba var.epiphyllatrees from Japan and China were conducted.These seven primer combinations produced 240 specific loci and 841 bands,including 749 polymorphic bands.The percentage of polymorphic bands was 89.06%.The identification percentage per primer combination reached to100%. The genetic similarity coefficient among all materials varied from 0.47 to 0.78,which shows a large scale in genetic variation,The genetic variation of Ginkgo biloba var.epiphyllafrom China shows greater diversity than that from Japan.


This paper proposes to develop a model-based Monte Carlo method for computationally determining the best mean squared error of training for an artificial neural network with feedforward architecture. It is applied for a particular non-linear classification problem of input/output patterns in a computational environment with abundant data. The Monte Carlo method allows computationally checking that balanced data are much better than non-balanced ones for an artificial neural network to learn by means of supervised learning. The major contribution of this investigation is that, the proposed model can be tested by analogy, considering also the fraud detection problem in credit cards, where the amount of training patterns used are high.


Various scenarios in which the fifth generation of communications systems will be used lead to high demands of the standard that are successfully fulfilled by Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes, which are used for coding. In this paper, analysis of the performance of Offset Min-sum algorithm as the decoding method is made. Comparison of hard and soft decision decoding is presented, while the influence of different effects on the radio channel is analyzed by Nakagami-m fading.


As the financial crisis was extended and the polarization was deepened, people pay more attention to the social welfare systems. Even the conservative, who have been relatively reluctant to look at them, have changed their mind about the issues on social welfare. However, the fact that we have strongly fixed aspirations on the economic growth in the Korean society asks more persuasive discussions on the welfare issues for the change of welfare concept. In this article, the writer tries to analyze the discussions on the welfare issues in the National Assembly and to put forward better ways to perform more active welfare policies. Especially, discussions on typical legislations in four different governments after democratization period(late 1980s) are selected and studied. For stronger persuasion, the writer find the clue to overcome the traditional myth of economic growth in terms of the heightened protection of the social rights. The theory of the cost of rights, presented by Sunstein & Holmes, help this project for its changed concept of liberty and social rights.


The Jews were the founders of the gold-thread craft in Fez. They contributed their economic and human capital to the development of various techniques of goldsmithing and implanted their unique style in magnificent jewellery and other objects. Gold threads were intended to beautify as well as glorify different objects, some personal (jewellery), domestic (carpets, pillows), clothing (belts, purses, shoes), ritual objects (Quran, Torah scrolls), as well as to embellish religious rites (wedding gowns and canopies), all of which were acquired by the middle and upper classes of society, Jewish and non-Jewish. The making of handmade gold threads included a wide range of economic activities (production and commerce). It was carried out in stages and provided a livelihood for hundreds of Jewish entrepreneurs from different classes: great merchants, small producers and journeymen. The craft passed from one generation to the next, beginning in the sixteenth century and continuing until the twentieth. However, during the 1920s and 1930s, this craft was plunged into an acute depression. The handmade threads were replaced by machine-made ones, and this glorious Jewish material culture came close to extinction. The multiple factors that contributed to the rise and fall of the Jewish monopoly of this craft will be analyzed in the three following parts: the first part offers a theoretical and empirical framework underlying the urban handicraft industries in the souq (i.e. the oriental market) of the Middle East in periods of prosperity and crisis, including a brief review of primary sources that are taken up in the ensuing parts. The second part concentrates on the reasons for the flourishing of the Jewish gold-thread industry in Fez since the arrival of Spanish exiles in the late Middle Ages and the precolonial period in Morocco (the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries), while the third part specifies the reasons for its destruction between the two world wars while Morocco was under the French Protectorate.


The relationship between minimum variance and minimum expected quadratic loss feedback controllers for linear univariate discrete-time stochastic systems is reviewed by taking the approach used by Caines. It is shown how the two methods can be regarded as providing identical control actions as long as a noise-free measurement state-space model is employed.


Method for analyzing at least one body fluid sample, a method of determining, for example, blood glucose concentration is proposed. This method comprises the following steps, i.e., by monitoring the time expansion of the at least one measurement indicating the progress of the detection reaction between a) at least one test substance 126 and the body fluid sample, a plurality of measurements record, providing at least one measurement curve F (t) contains measurements, at least evaluation portion has an exponential characteristic, is obtained at different times measurements included in the measurement curve of the measurement curve is, the detection reaction to form is known to be affected by the concentration c and the at least one disturbance variable Y of the analyte to be detected in a body fluid, comprising the steps, b) a first variable x Deriving at least one adaptation parameter for forming, d) by using at least one multivariate evaluation algorithm that is configured to combine the first variable x


Growth behavior of Clostridium botulinum type E beluga was studied in Acipenser persicus granular caviar treated with 5% NaCl, 5%NaCl plus 0.3% boric acid and 0.4%borax and 5%NaCl plus 0.15% methyl paraben incubated at temperatures -2, 5 and 15 °C for 224 days. The initial number of inoculated bacterial spore was 5.1×104 cfu/g caviar in each treated sample. The number of bacterial spores in samples treated with 5% NaCl changed to 3.59 × 104, 1.02×105 and 9.9×105 cfu/g at -2 °C, 5 °C and 15 °C, respectively, while those samples treated with 5%NaCl plus 0.3% boric acid and 0.4%borax changed to 1.56×104, 3.65×104 and 9.22×104 cfu/g, respectively. Also, number of bacterial spores in samples treated with 5% NaCl plus 0.15% methyl paraben changed to 1×104, 2.86×104 and 3.56×104 cfu/g at the above storage temperatures, respectively. Fourteen days post-inoculation, toxin production was positive in samples treated with 5% NaCl incubated at 5 °C and 15 °C, while those samples treated with 5%NaCl plus 0.3% boric acid and 0.4% borax were positive for toxin production only at 15 °C. Toxin production was negative in samples treated with 5%NaCl plus 0.15% methyl paraben incubated at all three above mentioned temperatures. These data showed that 5%NaCl plus methyl paraben had more inhibitory effect than boric, borax and NaCl. Also, such inhibitory effects can be increased at lower storage temperature of -2°C. Therefore, due to restricted usage of boric acid and borax in granular caviar, use of methyl paraben can be recommended as a safe preservative with a strong antimicrobial effect at caviar pH.


The classical decision tree (DT) learning approach to constructing DT knowledge bases is usually not considered if there exist some irrelevant and redundant attributes in the problem domain. Since the essential attributes are uncertain in manufacturing systems, how to select important manufacturing attributes to improve the generalization ability of knowledge bases and avoid overfitting training data in DT-based learning is a crucial research issue for the adaptive scheduling problem domain. In this study, we will first develop an attribute selection algorithm based on the weights of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to identify the importance of system attributes. Next, we will use the C4.5 DT learning algorithm to learn the whole set of training examples with important attributes in order to enhance knowledge representation. This hybrid ANN/DT approach is called an attribute selection DT (ASDT) based learning adaptive scheduling system. The results from the case study show that the use of an attribute selection algorithm to build scheduling knowledge bases delivers better generalization ability than in the absence of the attribute selection procedure in terms of the size of DTs under various performance criteria. Consistent conclusions are drawn from the resulting prediction accuracy of unseen data. The resulting prediction accuracy of unseen data also reveals that scheduling knowledge bases by the proposed attribute selection approach to constructing DTs can avoid overfitting the training data compared with the classical DT learning approach.


Electric vehicle is a valid path to achieve sustainable development in the automotive industry.Its rapid development has an important significance to energy and environmental protection.Chongqing attached great importance to the development of electric vehicle in China's automotive industry.The development of electric vehicle's current situation in Chongqing is described.The development of electric vehicles in Chongqing and opportunities facing the challenges,strengths and weaknesses are analyzed.Countermeasures are proposed.


In this paper, we first present an original approach to build a discrete event abstraction of a dynamic system with piecewise linear input-output trajectories. Previous work imposes that the input-output trajectories must be piecewise constant to obtain a DEV specification. Finally, we propose a generalisation to build DEV specifications of a dynamic systems with any kind of polynomial trajectory. One of the main interest of our approach is to allow discret event models of continuous system to be built and then, discret event simulations to be realised in place of continuous ones. In addition, this allows the development of homogeneous simulation environments for hybrid models.


This work shows an analysis of the production of manure and slurry in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland in 2012, highlighting some of its features livestock. The calculation of the production and their locations was made by using statistical data and the georeferenced location of livestock farms of the canton, with important areas such as areas of surface water, groundwater and urban areas, with the help of GIS techniques (geoinformatical system ArcGIS TM 10.1). Muri has the highest density of manure production. In the canton of Aargau there are few farms near protected water areas, but there are some farms close to urban areas. Ecuador could adopt some similar methodologies.


The belief condition of college and university students is related to the country's future development and destiny of the nation.At present the impact of religion on students is expanding,which presents challenges to the belief education in college and university.Therefore,the colleges and universities should strengthen the education of the socialist core value system seek ways of education actively,improve the college and university students' sense of identity of the socialist core value system,and endeavors to make the socialist core value system internalize into the firm beliefs of the students.


Abstract Would it be true that cutting off using BLOG in business hour prevents that job performance decreases? Even though it is right, would the worker have different reason of using BLOG according to job characteristic? This is the purpose of this study to search the answers for the questions above. Under the first hypothesis, (factors having the people use BLOG can influence the job satisfaction), independent variable was set to three factors and define as 'Interoperability', 'Informative', 'Amusement' respectively and dependent variable was set to job satisfaction in this study. The result of analyzing this hypothesis was that two factors('Interoperability', 'Informative') haveinfluence on job satisfaction but 'Amusement' factor hadn't any influence on job satisfaction. For another hypothesis, (the factor having the worker use BLOG would have different influence on job satisfaction according to job characteristic), Job characteristic was set to 3 group (fixed/unfixed, individual/co-operational, static/active) in this study and these variables were converted to dummy variable for validating the moderating effect on both variables(independent/dependent). The result of analyzing this hypothesis was that all dummy variables set to 3 groupshadn't any moderating effect on both variables. Because a dummy variable couldn't be contained the job characteristic exactly.


Laurence Goldstein has 're-created' Wittgenstein's doctoral viva, arguing that had Wittgenstein's dissertation, his Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, 'been judged by normal standards of originality and philosophical argumentation, it would have failed'. Goldstein claims that Wittgenstein 'lifted' central doctrines from Russell and from Bernard Bolzano. I point out that passages allegedly plagiarized from Russell are actually criticisms of his doctrines, and that there is no evidence that Wittgenstein even knew Bolzano's work, directly or indirectly. I argue that alleged similarities, substantial and stylistic, between his work and Bolzano's give no support even to a weaker claim of influence.


Dynamics of maize leaves biopotentials evoked by X-rays stimuli is analysed. Qualitative similarity in dynamics of plant's bioelectrical response is determined. Hyperpolarization levels are quantitatively estimated for every series of the experiment. Dependence of the summarized hyperpolarization levels on photostimulus wave length is detected. The fact is ascertained that mean amplitude of hyperpolarization potentials reduces from 57.7 to 27.7 mV when the wave length decreases. Probable mechanisms of the initiation of photostimulated bioelectrical response are analysed.