A new ligand 2-[(6-Nitro-2-benzothiazolyl)azo]-4,6-dimethylphenol (6-NBTADMP = HL) has been synthesized by coupling diazotized 2-amino-6-nitrobenzothiazole with 2,4-dimethylphenol in alkaline alcoholic solution. Metal complexes have the general formula [FeL2], [CoL2]Cl . H2O, [NiL2], [CuL H2O]Cl, [ZnL2], [CdL2]. H2O, [PdLCl], and [AgL H2O] . H2O, were synthesized from thiazolylazo ligand and metal chloride ( sulfate for Fe(II) and nitrate for Ag(I) ) in 1:1 molar ratio (metal:ligand) for Cu(II) , Pd(II) and Ag(I) and 1:2 for the rest metal ions. Based on elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility data, IR and UV-Vis spectra. The data show that the ligand coordinates to the metal ion νia phenolate O, azo N and with thiazole N atoms. All complexes are insoluble in water but these are soluble in common organic solvents such as acetone, DMF and DMSO. According to results obtained the geometry for the complexes was suggested.


Abstract The adsorption of CO2 on a nano-calcium oxide (nano-CaO) adsorbent was investigated under different conditions of temperature and supply pressure, considering kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic parameters. CaO is a crystalline material with a high surface area and nanosized particles with high porosity, which showed rapid initial CO2 adsorption rates in the moderate temperature range studied. The adsorption was well described by the pseudo-second-order and the intraparticle diffusion kinetic models. The Langmuir isotherm model fitted the experimental data well, indicating a monolayer-type process. The thermodynamic parameters revealed that the CO2/nano-CaO adsorption was endothermic, not spontaneous, and proceeded via physical and chemical processes. The activation energy value confirmed that the mechanism involved is a chemical process. In addition, the nano-CaO adsorbent could be regenerated five times without any significant loss of performance or properties. All the obtained results reveal that this porous nanoadsorbent has huge potential to be applied for CO2-capture technologies on a large scale.


I/O has become one of the determining factors of HPC application performance. Understanding an application's I/O activity requires a multi-level view of the I/O function flow that includes high-level I/O libraries. We have developed a tracing framework, called Recorder, that captures I/O function calls at multiple layers of the parallel I/O stack without requiring source code modifications. In this paper, we show how Recorder's trace output can be used to investigate I/O activity and identify performance inefficiencies in two I/O benchmarks running on a leading edge HPC platform. Future work to organize and present the collected information more intuitively will further increase the value of Recorder's capabilities. We believe that a multi-level I/O tracing framework can provide key insights to end users and I/O library developers working to improve I/O on HPC platforms.


The tibia bone or shank bone is the bigger and stronger of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates, and it associates the knee with the ankle bones. 3D model is proposed to improve the performance of non-linear analysis in tibia deformation from 2D DICOM Computer Tomography image. Materialize Interactive Medical Image Control System (MIMICS) software is used to develop surface mesh 3D model of tibia bone. Material properties, boundaries conditions and self-weight of the body are the elements used in Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to analyze the nodal solution of displacement, stress and strain using ANSYS software. Proposed model is able to estimate and analyze the displacement, von Mises stress and von Mises strain values of tibia bone by applying various static loads conditions. The results are helpful to develop a rapid prototype (RP) Model of mimic natural bone using bioactive synthetic ceramics material.


The focus of this study was to determine the long-term fate of oil-residues from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DwH) oil spill due to remobilization, transport, and re-distribution of oil residue contaminated sediments to down-slope depocenters following initial deposition on the seafloor. We characterized hydrocarbon residues, bulk sediment organic matter, ease of resuspension, sedimentology, and accumulation rates to define distribution patterns in a 14,300 km2 area southeast of the DwH wellhead (1,500 to 2,600 m water depth). Oil-residues from the DwH were detected at low concentrations in 62% of the studied sites at specific sediment layers, denoting episodic deposition of oil-residues during 2010–2014 and 2015–2018 periods. DwH oil residues exhibited a spatial distribution pattern that did not correspond with the distribution of the surface oil slick, subsurface plume or original seafloor spatial expression. Three different regions were apparent in the overall study area and distinguished by the episodic nature of sediment accumulation, the ease of sediment resuspension, the timing of oil-residue deposition, carbon content and isotopic composition and foram fracturing extent. These data indicate that resuspension and down-slope redistribution of oil-residues occurred in the years following the DwH event and must be considered in determining the fate of the spilled oil deposited on the seafloor.


A computer-aided method for designing stripline and microstrip circulators is described. The method may be used to design circulator and optimize its parameters over given frequency bandwidth. Optimization is realized using the error function determined by eigenvalues of scattering matrix characterizing the ferrite junction. The error function is minimalized using the optimization routine which is based on the Hook-Jeeves method /direct search method/. Using this method a good agreement between theoretical and experimental results may be achieved.


The paper analyzes the evolution of the organization of timber roofing carpentry in Greece and in the colonies of Sicily and Magna Graecia in a chronological scope between the archaic and classical periods. A substantial continuity, lacking evident innovations, characterizes the organization of the carpentry of the roofs constituted, in general, by a horizontal member on which rest on props – king and queen posts – coinciding with the purlins, useful for receiving the secondary framework and the roof covering. The lack of evident indicators, in a cognitive framework that is however extremely fragmented, and a constructive culture on timber that does not seem to excel for technological advancement raises many doubts about a possible pioneering use, even in constructions with high distance between supports, of carpentry organized as a truss system, with no pushing component on the wall.


This collection contains a set of flood hazard maps, based on streamflow datafrom the European and Global Flood Awareness System (EFAS and GloFAS) and computed using two-dimensional hydrodynamic models . The European and global maps are documented in the following publications, repsectively: 1. Alfieri, L., Salamon, P., Bianchi, A., Neal, J., Bates, P.D., Feyen, L., 2014. Advances in pan-European flood hazard mapping, Hydrol. Process., 28 (18), 4928-4937, doi:10.1002/hyp.9947. 2. Dottori, F., Salamon, P., Bianchi, A., Alfieri, L., Hirpa, F.A., Feyen, L., 2016a. Development and evaluation of a framework for global flood hazard mapping. Advances in Water Resources 94, 87-102. IMPORTANT NOTE: the maps in this dataset are based on JRC modelling tools and have several limitations which should be taken into account during usage (see mentioned references for a detailed description). In particular, note that the maps might differ from official national flood hazard maps.


This paper presented the key techniques development of motor/generator (M/G) for the FES system in recent years, and summarized the latest developments of three machines such as: induction machine (IM), reluctance machine (RM) and permanent magnet machine (PMM) including traditional structure PMM and Halbach structure PMM, which now widely used in the FES system. The characteristics of three machines had been compared and analyzed, which provides guidance for the FES field researchers to choose appropriate M/G.Then the comparison of spectra of the sequences respectively interpolated by FDIA and commonly used interpolation algorithm is conducted, which affirms the superiority of FDIA. Finally, an effective method of achieving best decimation of the sequence interpolated by FDIA is provided. All these lay primary theory foundation for the application of Zadoff-Chu sequence to HF channel sounding.


Over the past twenty years, the Nuclear Power Engineering Corporation (NUPEC) of Japan has conducted a series of field model test programs to investigate various aspects of soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects on nuclear power plant structures, including embedment and dynamic structure-soil-structure interaction (SSSI) effects. As part of a collaborative agreement between the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and NUPEC, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) performed a numerical analysis to predict the free field soil profile using industry standard methods and the recorded free field responses to actual earthquake events. This paper describes the BNL free-field analyses, including the methods and the analysis results and their comparison to recorded data in the free field. The free-field soil profiles determined from the BNL analyses are being used for both the embedment and SSSI studies, the results of which will be made available upon their completion.


Through the questionnaire for the professional commitment, self-efficacy, academic burnout of the southwestern part, and explore the relationship between the three and its intrinsic mechanisms, in order to reduce learning burnout of normal students in special education, improve their Academic quality provides effective recommendations. The results showed that self-efficacy positively affected the low sense of achievement in learning burnout, negatively affected the inappropriate behavior, and had no significant effect on the depression. Among them, self-efficacy positively affects professional commitment, and then significantly negatively affects low sense of achievement in learning burnout. Professional commitment has a complete mediating effect between self-efficacy and low sense of achievement, while professional commitment has no mediating effect between self-efficacy, low mood and inappropriate behavior.


China is the most populated country to produce fruits and vegetables in worldwide and China participating in global trade. Horticulture is the means of cash crops for farmers. Food demand is increasing in China with huge population and Chinese government is trying to meet the domestic demand through new agriculture polices. China's participation in global trade represents that Chinese fruit and vegetables industry fasces international food security standards and increased inspection worldwide. The objective of this paper was to investigate the China's trade situation and how food safety standards in the importing countries impact the exports of vegetables and fruits from China. This research paper discussed the historical and current situation of fruits and vegetables of China. The result shows that in the past Chinese agriculture was not enough but now their government is improving agriculture system and making policies, plans and programs. Now China adopts the Euro GAP system and participating in international market. Furthermore, China's food safety standards also significantly effect on vegetables and fruits export.


This study refers to the application of electronic learning (e-learning) as one of the many instructional strategies in the Faculty of Computer Science of Al Asy 'Ariah Mandar University. This study aims to determine the extent to which electronic learning has been applied to optimize and to determine an increase in the quality of learning for lecturers and students through the implementation of electronic learning. The method used by descriptive study with a qualitative approach. In this study using the technique of collecting data through observation and questionnaires to the research object Force Students 2010, 2011 and 2012 as well as Lecturer at the Faculty of Computer Science of Al Asy 'Ariah Mandar University. The Result of this study indicate that the application of electronic learning need to be optimized to improve the quality of learning for both lecturers and students at the Faculty of Computer Science of Al Asyariah Mandar University.


In this study 1, the dyeability and sun protection characteristic of the fabrics dyed with pine needles extract was investigated. In the test of color difference, the surface color of all the dyed fabric of both cotton and silk came to light as greenish yellow. In the test of dyeing colorfastness, the colorfastness to sunlight of dyed cotton fabric was below 2nd grade and the one of dyed silk fabric was below 3rd grade. The colorfastness to laundry for the degree of discoloration showed a difference as to mordants, but the colorfastness to laundry for the degree of contamination was excellent as all the dyed fabrics were 4th-5th grade. The colorfastness to perspiration was excellent as the degree of discoloration was more than 3rd grade and the degree of contamination was more than 4th-5th grade. The colorfastness to rubbing showed the excellent result as all the dyed fabrics were 4th-5th grade. In the test of sun protection factor(SPF), the cotton and silk fabrics dyed with mordant showed very high sun protection characteristic as the SPF was each 36.1 and 42.5. In the test of sun protection rate for UV-A and UV-B, the cotton and silk fabrics dyed with mordant showed the very high sun protection rate of more than .


Abstract Resistance spot welding was used to join austenitic stainless steel sheets. Mechanical properties of the spot welds were evaluated using tensile shear test. Mechanical behaviour was described by peak load, failure energy and failure mode. The relationship between weld fusion zone attributes and failure behaviour was studied. Generally, it was observed that increasing fusion zone size is accompanied by an increase in load carrying capacity and energy absorption capability. However, when expulsion occurs, despite almost constant weld fusion zone size, energy absorption capability reduces significantly due to increase in electrode indentation depth. Considering the failure location and failure mechanism in the tensile shear test, minimum required fusion zone size to ensure the pull-out failure mode was estimated using an analytical model. According to this model, in addition to sheet thickness, ratio of fusion zone hardness to failure location hardness is the key metallurgical factor governing failure mode of spot welds during the tensile shear test.


In an effort to develop professionally, we read newsletters and journals, join discussion groups, attend professional conferences, and read articles like "Techtalk." These opportunities allow us to garner ideas for our programs, to compare our current practice with new theory and research, and to improve our skills. Here, we interpret two frameworks for how institutions and individuals can grow in "tech-knowledge" and then review technology growth opportunities for developmental educators.Catalysts for the Development of Tech-KnowledgeInstitutional Developmental Phases of Tech-KnowledgeAt the institutional level, developmental growth in technology consists of systemic, institution-wide reform (Apple Computer, 2003): that is, a change in thinking from technology as hardware and software to technology as accessibility, allowing administrators, faculty, and students to teach and learn more effectively and efficiently. Providing access is more than simple availability or training. Reform means education to learn how to teach ourselves strategies for effective technology integration.The integration of technology into an educational institution can be seen in three phases (CEO Forum on Education and Technology, 1997). First, there is planning, investigation, and experimentation through which a few educators explore and use technology in new ways. In this phase they become advocates and convince others of the viability of technology.As the institution becomes convinced, a second phase of initial capital investment provides technology for others within the institution. Some institutions never go beyond this second phase of development and remain mired in maintaining, upgrading, and training the status quo. Professional development stagnates here because investments are in hardware or software capital rather than human capital. Ideally, investment should balance at 1/3 hardware and software, 1/3 infrastructure, and 1/3 professional development.When resources are balanced and professional development is included, a third phase of readjustment can occur leading to the comfort level increasing and educators expanding their integration. Consequently, individuals collaborate, support each other, and find arenas for technology expertise. These three phases at the institutional level form an iterative process of cycling through each emerging technology. This allows individual faculty and administrators to develop through the following five developmental stages.Individual Developmental Stages of Tech-KnowledgeDwyer, Ringstaff, and Sandholz (1990) completed a longitudinal study over 4 years of integration of technology among 32, K-12 teachers. They found that individual teachers and administrators pass through similar stages of development. We suggest that college teachers and administrators will develop through the same five stages. At the first stage, entry into technology, one develops basic technology literacy and selects technologies to benefit personal life, though seldom integrating it into instruction. Often frustration occurs with technology at this stage and caution is warranted to encourage perseverance.Once confidence develops in personal use of technology, it leads to a second stage of adopting technology to support instruction. However, little ownership occurs because technology is chosen by someone else. Technology is an "add-on" rather than being integrated into teaching and learning. Instruction typically remains unchanged, though learning begins to improve.With comfort and knowledge of extended use, individuals begin to adapt technology into existing instructional activities. Consequently, technology integration grows exponentially and develops into stage three. Here, technology is credited with improving productivity in learning, teaching, and administrative activities.The realization of learning benefits moves individuals to stage four, appropriating technology within their developmental programs. …


An off-chip monitor is presented that measures the transient supply current of CMOS ICs and provides the charge delivered to the circuit. The monitor is designed to be placed on the automatic test equipment board fixture and automate transient current supply testing. Experimental results demonstrate up to 1 GHz bandwidth operation.


High Resolution electron microscope observations of the effect of water vapour and the electron beam on high temperature superconductors indicate that the effects are very similar. Water vapour leads to the decomposition into a barium compound which in the microscope is barium oxide (presumably barium carbonate in air) which takes the form of whiskers on the surface and the green and brown phases. The electron beam first produces a true surface amorphous phase which on prelonged irradiation develops a barium oxide surface coating. Different from the results of ion beam damage, we have not seen any evidence for preferential formation of the amorphous phase at grain boundaries. These results indicate that as the oxygen content of the material is reduced, the barium cations become more mobile and can therefore diffuse out to the surface.


In this study, conventional concrete is developed
using recycled aggregates with micro silica (silica fume) as
admixture. The concrete mix is designed for target strength of 25
MPa. Coarse aggregate were partially with recycled aggregate at
15 %, 30 % and 45 %. The relative parameters influencing the
strength of concrete were studied in terms of recycled aggregate
and silica content respectively. Test results reveled concrete
produced with 45% of recycled aggregate tend to reduce the
strength by 12% whereas addition of silica fume (10%) enhances
the strength comparable to control mix (M25). Addition of
microsilica functions as microfilling action in unreacted core of
concrete which enhances the physical and mechanical properties
of concrete. The significant reduction in compressive strength is
noticed, when the recycled aggregate is increased beyond 30%


In this article, deep neural network (DNN) and chain parameter methods are used to analyze the crosstalk coupling of a star‐quad and a twisted bundle of twisted wire pairs (TBTWP) cables for different excitations, respectively. A DNN is used to extract the per‐unit‐length (p.u.l) resistance, inductance, capacitance, and conductance (RLCG) parameters at any position for the star‐quad and TBTWP cables. The induced common mode (CM) and differential mode (DM) currents due to crosstalk are calculated by combining the obtained RLCG parameters with the chain parameter method. The obtained results show good agreement with that of FEKO software. Moreover, it is found that the star‐quad cable can reduce the external coupling more effectively than that of the TBTWP cable. Finally, measurements are performed to further validate the accuracy of our proposed algorithm.


Red rot disease and ring spot disease are two common diseases at the seedling stage of sugarcane. According to the image characteristics of diseased spots, sugarcane diseased spots classification using BP neural network is proposed. Firstly, the feature parameter combination of mean value of color component Cr, mean value of color component V and roundness is selected as the feature parameters of the following pattern recognition by orthogonal experiment design method. Then, BP neural network with 3 input neurons, 12 hidden neurons and 1 output neuron is constructed to distinguish between red rot diseased spots and ring spot diseased spots. The experimental results show that recognition accurate rates of rough set, fuzzy K near neighbor algorithm and BP neural network are 86%, 91% and 94%, respectively. BP neural network is more suitable to distinguish between the two diseased spots than fuzzy K near neighbor algorithm and rough set.


To solve the gas problem of working face,it discusses how to make the high production and high efficiency of well production in the combined coal cutting working face of three-soft thick coal seam come true,introduces the chaohua coal mine get the high pumping tunnel gas sucking technique in 21071 combined coal cutting working face,and points out that it is the effective ways of high pumping tunnel sucking the gas of gob to solve the problems of high gas combined coal cutting working face gob of three-soft thick coal seam.


Vietnam's Health Care Fund for the Poor (HCFP) uses government revenues to finance health care for the poor, ethnic minorities living in selected mountainous provinces designated as difficult, and all households living in communes officially designated as highly disadvantaged. The program, which started in 2003, did not as of 2004 include all these groups, but those who were included (about 15 percent of the population) were disproportionately poor. Estimates of the program's impact-obtained using single differences and propensity score matching on a trimmed sample-suggest that HCFP has substantially increased service utilization, especially in-patient care, and has reduced the risk of catastrophic spending. It has not, however, reduced average out-of-pocket spending, and appears to have had negligible impacts on utilization among the poorest decile.


Many scholars have supposed that Plato's Phaedo is peopled with interlocutors with Pythagorean sympathies, and is primarily investigating Pythagorean doctrines. I argue that Plato uses the motif of "being reminded" (which is a theme in the dialogue) to put the reader in mind of another thinker who is not mentioned explicitly, but whose characteristic motifs (the lyre and the hidden immaterial harmony) are put up for discussion in the dialogue. In the process we see Socrates moving away from certain naturalistic doctrines of the Presocratics (probably including Heraclitus's theory of the soul as supervenient and dependent upon the body) and adopting instead a theory of substantial immortality and epistemic access to immaterial objects.


Two-dimensional landslide model system is an important experimental platform for studying geological disaster, landslide behavior in different conditions are achieved by controlling the hydraulic pump drive model platform uplifting cabinet inclination. During the process of automation transformation of the two-dimensional landslide model system, control system based on computer is used to achieve a smooth lifting and precise angle of landslide model platform. Thanks to predictive control algorithm of least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) model used in this paper, random real-time change of equivalent load applied on the hydraulic cylinder system effectively solved. The control system of the two-dimensional landslide model effectively eliminated crawling effect and pulse lifting in the condition of low speed and high load conditions of hydraulic system.


The article presents the results of testing the hypothesis about changes in the nature of interpersonal communication between spouses in conditions of self-isolation, determined by the dynamics of destructive communicative attitudes and behavior style in conflict situations. 30 married couples with 15 years of family life experience were examined. Data obtained at the very beginning of restrictions and after a three-month period of self-isolation were compared. It is noted that the interpersonal communication of the spouses over the past three months has become more intense, tense, aggressive and conflicted. The spouses managed to intensify and maintain the usual system of implementing destructive attitudes in interpersonal communication, as well as the stylistic features of behavior in conflict situations, but they did not manage to prefer cooperation to compromise: compromise was and remains the dominant strategy of behavior of each of the spouses in the conflict. It is shown that during the three-month period of self-isolation, wives became somewhat detached from reality, while their husbands became significantly more realistic, but also significantly more openly violent. Attention is drawn to the need for further scientific research of this problem, as well as improving the practice of psychological support for families in situations of this type.


Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have reached their highest efficiency with 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N′‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamine)‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene (spiro‐OMeTAD). However, this material can cause problems with respect to reproducibility and stability. Herein, a solution‐processable inorganic–organic double layer based on tungsten oxide (WO3) and spiro‐OMeTAD is reported as a hole transport layer in PSCs. The device equipped with a WO3/spiro‐OMeTAD layer achieves the highest efficiency (21.44%) in the tin (IV) oxide planar structure. The electronic properties of the double layer are thoroughly analyzed using photoluminescence, space‐charge–limited current, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The WO3/spiro‐OMeTAD layer exhibits better hole extraction ability and faster hole mobility. The WO3 layer particularly improves the open‐circuit voltage (VOC) by lowering the quasi‐Fermi energy level for holes and reducing charge recombination, resulting in high VOC (1.17 V in the champion cell). In addition, the WO3 layer as a scaffold layer promotes the formation of a uniform and pinhole‐free spiro‐OMeTAD overlayer in the WO3/spiro‐OMeTAD layer. High stability under thermal and humid conditions stems from this property. The study presents a facile approach for improving the efficiency and stability of PSCs by stacking an organic layer on an inorganic layer.


Summary 1. Most hypotheses for translocation success are elaborate, hierarchical, and untested combinations of socio-ecological predictors. Empirical support for those tested is vulnerable to spurious single-predictor relationships and does not account for the hierarchy amongst predictors and nonindependence amongst individuals or cohorts. Testing hypotheses as ap riorimulti-level models promotes stronger inference. 2. We apply a 25-year (1981–2005) data base including 89 reintroduction and 102 restocking events that released 682 black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis into 81 reserves to test 24 hypotheses for translocation success, defined as survival to 1 year post-release. We made information-theoretic comparisons of hypotheses represented as hierarchical models incorporating random effects for reserve and release cohort predictors of death. 3. Mortality rates after restocking were higher than for reintroductions (13AE 4c f. 7AE9%, respectively) due largely to intraspecific fighting. No predictors strongly influenced reintroduction success, although cohorts consisting entirely of adult males were 8AE2% of individuals but contributed 21AE9% of deaths, and reserves with lowest carrying capacities (i.e. <0AE 1r hino km )2 )h ad a1 6AE3% mortality rate. Most models for restocking success were not supported. Only those including age class received substantial support. Age was the only predictor to strongly influence death rates. Predictors previously thought influential, like population density, reserve area and quality, and cohort size, were not supported. 4. Synthesis and applications. Simple rules succeeded where complex ecological and demographic hypotheses failed to predict survival after translocation of critically endangered black rhinoceros. Results support bold attempts by managers at translocations towards species recovery in most ways that they have historically occurred. Groups of rhinoceros of different size and composition can be successfully moved over large distances between different ecological contexts. Also, the release of cohorts into reserves that are relatively small, poorer habitat or already stocked need not be avoided so long as calves and all-male cohorts are not reintroduced, and only adults used for restocking. Our analysis demonstrates the importance of information-theoretic comparisons of ap riorihierarchical models to test hypotheses for conservation management. We caution against interpreting simple correlations or regression amongst a large number of nested ecological and demographic variables.


THERE are several different pathological situations which lead to respiratory failure in the premature infant but the commonest is the so-called respiratory distress syndrome. The aetiology of this condition is not known precisely but in recent years both clinical associations and animal experiments have made it clear that asphyxia in utero and premature delivery are probably the decisive factors concerned. In the rabbit (Davis and Stafford, 1964), in the lamb (Reynolds et al., 1965) and in the monkey (Dawes et al., 1963) it has been shown that foetal asphyxia, particularly before the estimated date of delivery, causes a high incidence of respiratory distress in the newborn. In repeating the experiments of Davis and Stafford (1964), Aherne and Dawkins (1 964) have shown that experimental respiratory distress causes pulmonary lymphoedema, and Boston et al. (1965) have demonstrated in the Iamb that asphyxia causes an increase in the normally high lymph flow from the foetal lung and, moreover, that this flow is reduced when the lambs are delivered prematurely. Clinically it has been found that there is an association between birth asphyxia and subsequent respiratory distress (James and Burnard, 1961), that incidence and mortality are much higher before than after 36 weeks gestation, and that the mortality is greater in second born than in first born twins (Potter, 1963). Thus a pattern of pathogenesis is beginning to emerge. It may well be that the deficiency in pulmonary surfactant originally thought to be a primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome may in fact be secondary to pulmonary oedema. Whatever the pathogenesis we are still faced with the clinical problem. However, there is some suggestion from a number of different departments, including our own, that the incidence is declining and in recent years there has certainly been an improvement in mortality rate. There is now general agreement that the illness is present as soon as the baby is born and, since babies who survive for three days usually recover completely, treatment is essentially supportive and consists of the treatment of respiratory failure and its secondary biochemical effects. The following is a brief outline of the therapeutic methods employed in the Neonatal Department of the Hammersmith Hospital.


One of the main unresolved issues in large-eddy simulation(LES) of wall-bounded turbulent flows is the requirement of high spatial resolution in the near-wall region, especially in the spanwise direction. Such high resolution required in the near-wall region is generally used throughout the computational domain, making simulations of high Reynolds number, complex-geometry flows prohibitive. A grid-embedding strategy using a nonconforming spectral domain-decomposition method is proposed to address this limitation. This method provides an efficient way of clustering grid points in the near-wall region with spectral accuracy. LES of transitional and turbulent channel flow has been performed to evaluate the proposed grid-embedding technique. The computational domain is divided into three subdomains to resolve the near-wall regions in the spanwise direction. Spectral patching collocation methods are used for the grid-embedding and appropriate conditions are suggested for the interface matching. Results of LES using the grid-embedding strategy are promising compared to LES of global spectral method and direct numerical simulation. Overall, the results show that the spectral domain-decomposition grid-embedding technique provides an efficient method for resolving the near-wall region in LES of complex flows of engineering interest, allowing significant savings in the computational CPU and memory.


Titanium Oxide film produced by reactive electron beam evaporation typically have a columnar microstructure1,2,3,4,5. The optical performance of such films often varies due to the absorption of water vapor. Since water is transparent in the visible region it might be expected that the changes there would be reasonably free of absorption. We report here two methods that have been investigated where significant changes in absorption occur. When the environmental changes cab be reversed, the absorption is also reversible.


The acceptability and inevitability of automated technical processing are discussed. How automated record-keeping will change the way in which records are kept and the records themselves is given attention, and the effect of these changes on library organization and productivity is outlined.


Surveys of diplomatic opinion and commentary over the last five years have revealed high levels of concern among the populations of Asian states, the United States of America and elsewhere about po...


Brain stimulation experiment has revealed the association law between loss aversion tendency and brain-specific nervous system, providing a solid scientific basis for deep understanding of human behavioral preferences, as well as providing another research scheme for controversial school choice. There are many uncertain risks in the process of school choice, so asymmetry appears when the decision maker's brain processes gain and loss, which causes obvious school-choice preference reversal. Based on the inherent law of brain activity studied by fMRI and through analyzing the phenomenon of human choice behavior under the admission system in China, this study proves that applicants appear limited rationality or preference reversal when the emotional brain area is hyperactive. In addition, in the priority to the first applications (PTTFA) mechanism, applicants reveal that true preference is not a dominant strategy, which will lead to market imbalances and low inefficiency.


The four deities of the Greek pantheon presented in this article, and which were also adopted in the Roman period, were venerated and worshipped in the following cities of the Decapolis: Beth Shean...


Three new triterpenoid saponins, hylonosides III–V (1–3) have been isolated, along with three known oleanolic acid saponins (4–6), from the methanol extract of leaves of Ilex hylonoma. The structures were elucidated using a combination of homo- and hetero-nuclear 2D NMR techniques (COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HMQC and HMBC) and negative FAB-MS. The new compounds were characterized as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl siaresinolic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl siaresinolic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl oleanolic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (3).


Multicores are widely used for high performance computing and are being configured in a hierarchical manner to compose a multicore system. While this presents significant new opportunities, such as high inter-core bandwidth and low inter-core latency, it also presents new challenges in the form of inter-core resource conflict and contention. A challenge to be addressed is how well current shared-memory parallel programming paradigms, such as OpenMP, exploit the potential offered by such a multicore system for scientific applications. In this paper, we analyze the performance of OpenMP scientific applications such as NAS parallel benchmarks, an OpenMP Matrix multiplication, and a large-scale scientific application: a 3D particle-in-cell application Gyrokinetic Toroidal Code (GTC) in magnetic fusion on an IBM POWER5+ system, and use large page and processor binding to significantly optimize the OpenMP performance for no requirement of any program modifications. Our experimental results show that using the large page of 64KB on the multicore system results in up to 33.92% performance improvement for OpenMP NAS parallel benchmarks, and the OpenMP benchmarks benefited more from the large page than their MPI counterparts; using the large page of 64KB and processor binding results in up to 67.18% performance improvement for matrix multiplications, and up to 10.13% performance improvement for the GTC. Our results also indicate that the OpenMP performance can be improved by using conventional loop optimization techniques such as blocking and unrolling inside the OpenMP parallel regions.


Transportation, in classic terms, refers to the mobility of people and goods from one area to another. It is possible to expand the definition of transportation to include the mobility of capital, information and service in today's fast world. Rapid developments in transportation and communication systems can be seen as the most important factor that initiates and accelerates the phenomenon of globalization. The most important component of today's economies can undoubtedly be shown as access to production areas and the market of manufactured goods. It is difficult to say that geographic access, which can be reached within the framework of certain standard norms, has been adequately addressed in the transportation geography between spaces at different locations. Many of these studies are carried out at the provincial level. In this study, geographical access analysis and spread and attraction oriented potential access analysis will be done in the districts of Southeastern Anatolia Region. In this study, geographic accessibility analysis of the Southeastern Anatolia Region and its reach and attraction oriented potential accessibility were analyzed with the help of formulas developed by Rodrigue, Comtois and Slack and their results were evaluated. These results-oriented transportation for Turkey's Southeastern Anatolia relatively backward development in the region are thought to contribute to the development projection.


The invention relates to the field of mechanical equipment and particularly discloses a stamping device of a ventilation plate, wherein the stamping device of the ventilation plate is low in production cost and little in energy consumption. The stamping device of the ventilation plate comprises a punch press and a moving clamp, the moving clamp is arranged on the face right opposite to the punch press, the moving clamp structurally comprises a base, a pedestal is arranged on the base, a longitudinal slide rail is arranged on the pedestal, a connecting arm is arranged on the longitudinal slide rail, a nut is arranged at the bottom of the connecting arm, and the nut is arranged on a longitudinal screw rod in a sleeved mode. A pneumatic gripper is arranged on the portion, close to one end of the punch press, of the connecting arm. According to the stamping device of the ventilation plate, a row of concave dies are arranged on a stamping die, the ventilation plate is stamped many times, and thus the size of the die can be effectively reduced, the stamping pressure and energy consumption can be reduced. Through transverse motion of the pedestal and longitudinal motion of the connecting arm, the pneumatic gripper can move in the horizontal plane so that the ventilation plate can be moved and positioned. Moreover, motion of the pneumatic gripper is achieved through the screw rod and the nut, so that the pneumatic gripper performs positioning more accurately, and thus the stamping accuracy of the ventilation plate is improved.


This paper describes the background, improvement project and actual results of a logistics problem in one company, and then expatiates the revelations after analyzing the case. Also, the paper illustrates its meaning and effect in teaching as well as scientific research


Over the last decade there has been considerable growth in both the different models of professional assisted dispute resolution available, and in the range of government, nongovernment and private sector agencies providing them. Awareness of the various options available to clients can assist practitioners working with separating couples to make more effective referrals. The following article describes a form of lawyer-assisted family dispute resolution (FDR), known as collaborative practice.


Therapy with both statins and fibrates reduces the risk of coronary events. In the fibrate studies the extent of reduction is disproportionately large in people with features of the metabolic syndrome such as overweight, elevated baseline levels of plasma triglyceride and low baseline high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c). In such people, treatment with fibrates results in a 40—50% reduction in coronary heart disease events, much greater than predicted (from the human population studies) by the joint changes in concentrations of HDL-c or low density lipoprotein-cholesterol.


Nowadays, the most common application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in ophthalmology is the treatment of specific types of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). PDT aims the selective occlusion of the abnormal choroidal neovasculature (CNV) proliferating behind the retina, which is responsible for the critical loss of central vision in neovascular forms of AMD. During PDT, the photosensitizer verteporfin encapsulated in liposomes (Visudyne ® ) is injected systemically and preferentially accumulates in the CNV; it is then activated by mild laser excitement to liberate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species that partially selectively occlude the choroidal neovessels. PDT with verteporfin reduces the risk of moderate and severe vision loss and stabilizes the development of the disease in many patients; nevertheless vision improvement is a rather rare event (1). Limitations associated with PDT using verteporfin include high recurrence rate of CNV leading to the repetition of the treatment, and lack of complete selectivity, which may result in both photodynamic damage of normal tissues surrounding the CNV, and temporary skin photosensitivity. In order to improve vision outcome, intravitreally administered antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ‐the major stimulus for abnormal vessel growth‐ have recently been approved for clinical practice. Anti-VEGF agents, such as pegaptanib (Macugen ® ), and ranibizumab (Lucentis ® ), offer a significant chance of an increa


In the article the author elaborates on the concept of cultural space, presents his own interpretation and understanding of the concept. In contemporary culture science the above-mentioned concept has a contradictory and somewhat unclear definition, which makes it necessary to conceptualize and specify it. As the cultural space the author sees the space of values that produce the content of the spiritual and material culture of society. The world cultural space is a heterogeneous space consisting of many national cultures based on their values. Thus, as a cultural indicator, it is suggested that values be considered, and that values themselves be understood as the basis of culture. Proceeding from the fact that the values act as a structuring mechanism in different cultural spaces and define the boundaries of these spaces at the same time, the author notes the need to consider axiological problems within the general philosophical problem of the Whole. In this regard, the cumulative approach in the analysis of the axiological measurement of social life supplements the existing studies on the role of values in the structuring of the social being. The author concludes that culture performs two basic functions in social being: on the one hand, it is the mechanism (code) that structures the society and directs its movement and development, on the other hand, it is a complex of spiritual and material work of the society. Besides, culture as a phenomenon finds its social incarnation as an essentially heterogeneous cultural space.


In Sarobetsu Mire, the groundwater level has been dropping for the past few decades. There is great concern regarding the increase in sasa bamboo distribution and the displacement of the original vegetation. In the region of the mire, snow plays an important role in stabilizing the ground water level, especially in the bog area, because it recharges abundant amount of water to the groundwater.Observation data showed that the ground water level in the bog area is kept high in winter by meltwater recharge from the bottom of the accumulated snow. An attempt was made to analyze the effect of snowmelt on groundwater level variation using a two-dimensional unsteady model. The simulation results indicated that lowering of groundwater level in the bog area could strongly relate to a decrease in snowmelt water. This means that mire conservation must take into account not only artificial influences like reclamation but also climate influences.


From the determination of the sign of the thermoelectric force of KCl(Tl) crystals it was concluded that holes are the free carriers of the photocurrent. The concentration of holes was estimated from their mean range in the electric field. (auth)


The infra-red absorption spectra of liquid and solid methyl cyanoacetate and ethyl cyanoacetate have been examined. For the methyl ester, evidence is found of rotational isomerism arising from internal rotation about the NCH2C—C bond. The enthalpy difference between the two stable rotameric forms (with the CN group cis and gauche to the CO bond) was found to be 4060 ± 300 J mol–1.For ethyl cyanoacetate, the infra-red spectrum suggests the presence of several rotamers brought about by rotation about both the NCH2C—C and the O—C2H5 bonds.


The fibrinolytic activity of the allergic seminal vesiculitis of rabbits induced by the complete adjuvant method using egg albumin was studied by the topographical and the fibrin plate method. A remarkable increase of plasminogen activator was observed in the mucous layer having the allergic reactions. A similar result was also obtained by the estimation of the tissue activator activity. Consequently, the plasminogen activator of the seminal vesicle secretion significantly increased. In addition, the determination of the streptokinase-activated fibrinolytic activity revealed a remarkable increase of proactivator in both the vesicle tissue and secretion. There was no increase of fibrinolytic activity in the blood. The inhibitory effect of trans-AMCHA upon these enhanced fibrinolytic activities was sufficiently obtained following the local infusion into the seminal vesicle. From the standpoint of the plasmin system, the relationship between essential hemospermia and allergic seminal vesiculitis as well as the hemostatic efficacy of the plasmin inhibitor were discussed. Introduction Hemospermia has been defined as a syndrome in which the blood component is found in the seminal fluid. Twenty-four cases with hemospermia were statistically collected in our department, which occupied about 0.3 % of the male outpatients during the years from 1955 to 1964" With the knowledge about male sterility gradually increasing, there has been an increase of semen examinations in the urological department. Consequently, the discovery of hemospermia is gradually increasing. Because of this syndrome, fear of sterility causes psycological anxiety, especially effecting the young. This, therefore, is one of the very important reasons for a urologist to make a study on its etiology. Since the etiology of hemospermia was first reported by Rapine) in 1859, several studies have been made. Organic hemospermia has been classified as one having clear clinical features, whereas essential hemospermia one clinical features of which are not clearly known. The latter is more prominent than the former. A few researchers have made clinical and experimental study of essential hemospermia. According to their studies, it was considered that the allergic reaction in the seminal vesicles is related with essential hemospermia. These concepts have been generally accepted. Along with an advance in 254 Kozaka : Hemospermia • Fibrinolytic Activity study of the fibrinolytic enzyme system, fibrinolysis has been confirmed as a very important subject in relation to urological diseases, especially concerning those of the kidney and prostate. In the author's department, the studies of the fibrinolytic* enzyme in the prostatic tumors have been made by Kuroda, Hisazumi and Korai') (1960). They have performed in remarkable detail the study of the tissue activator of plasminogen in the prostatic tumors. According to the studies by Kuroda et al.4-8), Hisazumi and Iwasa7) (1965) and Hisazumi (1968)8), it is known that local fibrinolysis plays a very important role in postoperative bleeding into the prostatic cavity formed after prostatectomy, in comparison with general fibrinolysis. In addition, they have emphasized that local fibrinolysis often results in the bleeding of the genitourinary organs and others. Furthermore, Hisazumi and Fukushima8) (1965), and Hisazumii°) (1969) stated that, in the cases of hemospermia, the fibrinolytic activity of the seminal fluid of these patients showed a significantly higher level than that of normal men. They also suggested that the enhanced state of fibrinolytic activity in the seminal vesicles might be caused by an allergic reaction in the vesicles. The purpose of the present investigation is to elucidate the relationships of the hemospermia with the allergic reaction in the seminal vesicles by means of the experimental study on fibrinolytic enzyme system. Review of References Since Rapin (1859) reported on hemospermia, there have been many works on the etiology of this syndrome. Ricord" believed it was caused by bleeding from the testis or epididymis. Nelaton") related it to bleeding caused by urethral injury. Ulzmanni" also related it to bleeding caused by injury of the prostatic urethra. These are now accepted as explanations of hemospermia, but not as causes. Some researchers studied the bleeding of the prostatic gland, but in. recent years there has been renewed interest in hemorrhagic lesions in the seminal. vesicles. Guelloit") classified this, according to the site of the bleeding, into false and true hemospermia. In the former the urethra was regarded as the principal source of bleeding and in the latter, the seminal. vesicles. According to the opinion of Huggins and McDonald") (1945), in cases of prostatic bleeding the semen revealed uniformly mingled blood clots, whereas in seminal vesicle bleeding it appeared to be uniformly mixed turbid pink. They have, furthermore, tried to classify it as acute or chronic hemospermia in relation to the symptoms. Momose") (1961) and Endo") (1963) have etiologically classified hemospermia into organic and essential entities. Yata18 (1963) regarded essential hemospermia as being due to a functional disturbance of the seminal vesicles. Concerning inflammatory diseases, much attention has been paid to non-specific, tuberculous, and syphilitic inflammation. Nelken") (1910), Parker") (1942), Eisendrath and Polnik2" emphasized the possibility of genital tuberculosis as an etiologic factor, but Lydston22) (1894) and Huggins disputed this. In Japan, Inada") (1949> reported that hemospermia often appeared as an early symptom of tuberculous prostatitis. Sporer and Oppenheimer") (1957) expressed the same opinion. Some cases of hemospermia caused by tuberculous seminal . vesiculitis were reported by Parker") and Namiki25 (1960). In the latter's report, Kozaka:Hemospermia・FibrinolyticActivity thecaseshowedcalcificationoftheseminal vesiclesoriginatirlgfro皿tuberculousinfiammation. Tomikawa26)(1939)observedthepresence ofredbloodcellsintheseminalvesicle fiuidobtainedbycatheterizationtotheeja。 culatoryductsofpatientswithtuberculous epididymitis. Kuroda27〕(ユ949)examinedthesemenof 24patientssufferingfromgenitaltuberculosis,buttherewasnohemospermia. Ichikawaeta1.28)(1944)performedavesiculectomyonpatientswithtuberculous seminalvesiculitis,butthesespecimens offerednoevidencetosupPortthepresence ofhemospermia.ThirtypatientswithhemospermiatreatedbyEndo,110fwhom hadapast-historyofpulmonarytubercu10sis,sh6wedaverylowincidenceofhemospermiacausedbygenitaltuberculosis.A caseofhemospermiareportedbyArakawa eta1.29)(1944)showedsyphiliticulceration andagummaintheseminalvesicles. Nelkenalsopointedouttheimportantrelationshipbetweensyphilisandhemospermia. Manycasesofhemospermiacausedbynonspeci且cseminalvesiculitisaswellasafew casesofnon-specificprostatitisorposterior urethritishavebeenreported. Tom量kawaexamined51specimensobtainedfromthecannulationoftheejaculatory ductsandfoundgspecimenscontainingred bloodcellsofwhich3casessufferedfrom chronicgonorrheaand3chronicgonorrhea aρcompaniedbyprostatitis.Nakao30)(1950) examining4patientswithhemospermia found3caseswithvesiculitisasanetiologicaldisease.Ochiaieta1.81}(1959)removedtheseminalvesiclesfrom2patients withhemospermiaunderthepresumptive diagnosisofchronicseminalvesiculitis, andfoundnospecialhistologica1且ndings abletoexplainhemospermia.Kusunoki32〕 255 (1947),Shimoe33)(1959),Kanazawaeta1.34h (1960),Nagataeta1.35)(1961)andMomose eta1,reportedtheirowncasesofhemospermiacausedbydiverticulumofthe seminalvesicles,andconcludedthisdisease mighteasilybediagnosedbyseminalvesi-・ culography.Althoughthediagnosisofdiverticulumoftheseminalvesiclesiscom_ parativelyeasy,thatofseminalvesicle cystisnotsoand,unfortunately,most frequentlyitaccompanieshemospermia.In Europe,Stewarteta1.36)(1949)encounter. edonecaseoftheseminalvesiclescyst、 withhemospermiaandobservedthecyst. fullofblood.InJapan,Ishigarni37}(1953), Nakamuraeta1.38)(1955),andMomoseet a1.reportedthesimilarcases.Magidand エヨ[ejtrnanick39)(1957)encountered2cases.. ofhemospermiawithdirectcomlnunication betweenthepelvicveinplexusandthe vesicularcavity..Endo,byinjectingindig(> carmineandEvansblueintothesemina1. vesicles,confirmedthetransmissionof thesedyesintothebloodbuttherewas noevidenceofhemospermiainconnec. tionwiththeabove-metionedcommunications. Theetiologyoforganichemospermiahas beenthoughttober耳ostlythediseaseof theseminalvesiclesandthisconceptis widelyacceptednowadays.PaulandCohn40} (1907)observedthatthesubmucosaofthe seminalvesiclesisquitevascularandtends toableedingcondition。LydstonandLea-・ der41)(1958)agダeedthis.Masunaga42)」 (1968)observedvesselspenetratingverticallyfromthemusclelayertothesubmucouslayer.Thesevesselswerealwaysin aconditionofbeingpressedbythevesicularHuid;andinthecaseofbladderneck disease,theelaculatoryductwasdefomled, resultingintheelevatedseminalvesicle pressurewhichcausestheruptureofthe 256 Kozaka=Hemospermia・FibrinolyticActivity vessels.Concerningotherorganicfactors, Parkerpointedoutthesignificanceofspermatoceleasacauseofhemospermia.On thecontrary,Ishigami43}(1957)couldnot .findanyrelationshipbetweenthesediseases,andalowincidenceoftheircoexistencewasstressed.Omorieta1.44〕 (1953)andKamimuraeta1.45}(1954)re'portedacaseofhemospermiaassociated withsperminvasioncausedbyinjuryof 'theepididym量sandassulnedanetiologyof thehemospermiabasedontheinflammation andnecrosisoftheepididymisorthe increaseofthepermeabilityofthevessels bythespermhyaluronidase. Ontheotherhand,functionalfactors,as Yatahadpreviouslymentioned,suchasa11ergy,sexualneurosis,sexualexcess,overmasturbationandhemorrhagicdiathesis werealsodiscussed(Table1).Lydston 'wrotethatsexualexcitationwasthemain reasonforthecongestionofthemucosaof TablelEtiologicalClassificationofHemospermia(byYata,B.,1963) 1)Hemospermiaduetoorganicdisturbances (Seminaltract) 1)Anatomicalandmorphological abnomalities a)Pathologicaldilatationoftheseminal vesiclesandthevasdeferens b)Directcomm


Abstract Schileykula (?) attilae sp. n. and Monacha (Methateba) georgievi sp. n. are described here from the Turkish provinces of Artvin and Bolu, respectively. Orcula zilchi Urbański, 1960 is reported from two additional localities, which extends the known distribution area of the species. Dextral and sinistral individuals of Imparietula ridvani Schütt, 1995 were found in one population.


The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear (Figure 1) is a common sports injury in both males and females, particularly in sports that require cutting, jumping, or pivoting, with more than 200.000 incidents every year in the United States. Likewise, ACL reconstruction is a common operation (Figure 2), both in the USA and in Europe, with more than 100.000 syndesmoplasties being performed every year in the United States and 3.500 per year in Sweden. A patient with an ACL tear who is treated conservatively, with early activity modification and a neuromuscular rehabilitation programme, may be able in a few days or a couple of weeks to have a painless knee with no oedema. Later, he may also be able to return to sports (RTS), in some extend, by executing simple sports activities that do not include cutting, jumping, or pivoting movements. This way the patients may avoid the stress of the operation, however, as studies have shown, 2/3 of those patients do not return to their pre-injury activity level. When the patient decides to undergo surgical reconstruction of the ACL tear, he complies with the stress of the operation and the long post-operative rehabilitation programme, ranging from 6 to 12 months. Patients undergo surgery not only to avoid subsequent meniscal or chondral injuries and early osteoarthritis, but especially to return to their pre-injury level of activity. According to the current literature, only 40 to 70% of the cases achieve return to the pre-injury activity level following ACL reconstruction. A recent meta-analysis, which included 48 studies with a mean follow-up of 41 months, revealed that although 90% of the patients achieved normal or nearly-normal knee function, only 63% returned to their pre-injury level of participation. Thus, 1 out of 4 patients achieves complete restoration of the knee joint function, but does not return to the pre-injury level of activity. This disparity between physical function and the ability to RTS is attributed to psychosocial factors. The psychosocial factors that may affect RTS include fear of re-injury (19%), fear of job-loss due to re-injury (11%) and a change in lifestyle or family commitments (18%), when only 13% of Abstract Patients undergo ACL reconstruction not only to avoid subsequent meniscal or chondral injuries and early osteoarthritis, but especially to return to the pre-injury level of activity. Yet, this level of activity is achieved in only 40 to 70% of the cases. This inability to return to the pre-injury level of activity, even when functional tests allow medical clearance to continue sports, is mainly attributed to fear of re-injury or kinesiophobia. This fear affects the athlete's physical abilities, function and return to sports. Thus, it should be considered as a real risk factor undermining the patients' knee movement and should be one of the core targets for the rehabilitation programme. Healthcare professionals have to assess the athletes that present with fear of re-injury and implement into their rehabilitation programme the appropriate adjunctive interventions, such as the "graded exposure".


An image of the nucleus of the giant quasar 4C 74.26 made using very long baseline interferometry at a frequency of 5 GHz shows a one-sided, parsec-scale jet that is well aligned with the 400-kpc jet seen in VLA images. If the jet asymmetry is due to Doppler boosting, the axis of the source cannot lie close to the plane of the sky. The radio spectrum of the nucleus, measured with the VLA, has a peak at about 8 GHz


Medical staff should not only possess excellent clinical skills, but also be proficient in non-clinical, or non-technical, skills. These skills play an important role in, for example, teamwork, task management and coping. Our research investigates how product design can help support medical staff in their day-to-day non-clinical tasks. In the study presented here we focus on the work of intensive care nurses (ICU nurses). Workload and burn out rates are relatively high among this group. We investigated the functions future digital systems might offer to support them in their roles as practitioner, scholar and human. An interactive prototype was used to collect insights from ICU nurses. The results are design implications for digital role-based support for non-clinical tasks of ICU nurses.


This study explores issues of multiculturalism in contemporary American plays that deal with education. The project begins by identifying the value which the American social order places upon education. It next analyzes the shifting and multiple definitions and connotations of "culture" and "multiculturalism," probing the possible implications of multicultural education for American society. Seven contemporary American plays (all of which place a primary focus upon the educational system and/or process) are examined: Uncommon Women and Others, the one-act and full-length versions of Open Admissions, Children of a Lesser God, Sister Mary Ignatius Explains It All For You, Another Antigone, anc* Oleanna. Specific emphasis is given to the representation of the educational system and how multicultural concepts bear upon education, individual cultural entities, and the general social order. The study concludes by synthesizing the individual analyses. We find that, contrary to the American ideal which views education as a vehicle for developing individual opportunity and fostering social change, the educational system, as represented in these plays, acts as a conservative force, one which maintains existing social patterns, fails to accommodate marginalized groups, and functions as an impediment to diversity.


work by the author while lecturing at the University of Calabar from 1979 to 1983, it provides a detailed description of the variety and vitality of religious practices and institutions in the town of Calabar in south-eastern Nigeria. It begins with a sketch of the earliest known forms of indigenous religion in Calabar, based largely on written sources. This is followed by a rather breathless account of the arrival and development of mission-connected churches, which nevertheless finds room to incorporate several scattered details of interest, particularly the many instances of Calabari initiatives in requesting the initial presence of missionaries. This historical background is completed by a rather fuller account of the rise of a whole variety of independent churches, together with the more recent arrival of pentecostal evangelists.


It was assessed, in greenhouse, the interaction of the leprosis mite Brevipalpus phoenicis with orange plants Pêra grafted on lemon Cravo variety and on tangerines Cleopatra and Sunki, with about 9 months old, submitted on different condition of water deficits and mite infestation. The treatments were determinate in a function of both, Field Capacity (CC) and "soil water drain fraction (p), as this: T1=25%CC (p=0,25); T2=40%CC (p=0,40); T3=55%CC (p=0,55); T4=70%CC (p=0,70). After 60 days of stress induction, was made the colonization of plants with 25 mites that were reared on oranges with and without leprosis symptoms. The mites stayed in the plants for 55 days, after what, its population, counting the number of eggs, grub, nymphs and adults were assessed, in laboratory. During the B. phoenicis colonization, were assessed the leprosis symptoms, starting 21 days after the plants colonization, at intervals of 7 days. To this was used a "notes ranking" basing in the number of leprosies symptoms in the branches, leaves and desfoliate. Was concluded that the water availability had influence in B. phoenicis development, foundation that the plants submitted on 25%CC, had mite population higher than the others treatments, decreasing with the increase water availability, hitting the lowest population index on 70%CC. In relation with leprosis symptoms, plants submitted on 25 and 40%CC had the highest notes, evidencing more susceptibility of this plants to the disease and faster evolution of the symptoms. The rootstock Cravo and Cleopatra were more susceptible to the mite, showing the biggest population, 134,8 and 125,9 mites respectively, while Sunki showed the lowest population with 93,4 mites; but anyone of them had differences in relation to the leprosis symptoms. The variables infestation (with and without intreted mites) and water availability, have influence on the symptoms of the disease on plants, like the rootstock Cravo, Cleopatra and Sunki, and the water availability show interference on B. phoenicis population.


Aim  There is little information about maternal central haemodynamics and arterial stiffness in pregnancies affected by Type 1 diabetes mellitus. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether maternal arterial stiffness is altered in pregnant women with Type 1 diabetes mellitus compared with women with uncomplicated pregnancies.


The main characteristic of desmids is their specific method of sexual reproduction. However, also the morphology of the vegetative cell is peculiar, for marked by a symmetrical appearance which distinguishes them from other algal groups. Most striking is a longitudinal symmetry: the horizontal plane divides the cell in two halves mirroring each other. In the family Desmidiaceae, this partitioning in equal halves is marked by a median constriction of the cell, termed the 'sinus'. The area of the cell where the semicells are mutually connected is called the 'isthmus'. In addition to a longitudinal symmetry desmid cells are also marked by a radiate symmetry: through the longitudinal axis two or more planes of symmetry may be drawn. In top-view a desmid cell is geometric in shape: an ellipse as in the genus Cosmarium, a triangle to polygon as in the genus Staurastrum, or a circle as in the genus Penium.Keywords: algal groups; Cosmarium; Desmidiaceae; Penium; sexual reproduction; Staurastrum


CABELLO, T. ABAD, M. M. PASCUAL, F. P. (1991): Captura de Frankliniella occidentalis (Perqande) (Thys: Tripidae) en trampas de distintos colores en cultivos en invernaderos. Bol. San. Veg. Plagas: 17 (2): 265-270. Sticky traps of four colour (white, yellow, and two shades of blue) were tested during 1990 in greenhouse crops (melon and watermelon) of Southern Spain to determine colour preference of the Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis. The crop and the colour had a significant effect on the number of catches. Light blue traps caught significantly more F. occidentalis (avg.: 6,161.0) than the other colours tested (withe: 4,466.1, dark blue: 2,945.1, and yellow: 1,418.0). In relation to the crop, the catches were higher in melon (avg.: 4,636.9) than in watermelon (avg.: 2.858.2).


Radiation exposure is a hazard to orthopaedic surgeons, theatre staff and patients intra-operatively. Obesity is becoming a more prevalent problem worldwide and there is little evidence how a patient9s body habitus correlates with the radiation doses required to penetrate the soft tissues for adequate imaging. We aimed to identify if there was a correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and radiation exposure intra-operatively. We performed a retrospective review of 75 patients who underwent sliding hip screw fixation for femoral neck fractures in one year. We recorded Body Mass Index (BMI), screening time, dose area product (DAP), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, seniority of surgeon and complexity of the fracture configuration. We analysed the data using statistical tests. We found that there was a statistically significant correlation between dose area product and patient9s BMI. There was no statistically significant relationship between screening time and BMI. There was no statistical difference between ASA grade, seniority of surgeon, or complexity of fracture configuration and dose area product. Obese patients are exposed to increased doses of radiation regardless of length of screening time. Surgeons and theatre staff should be aware of the increased radiation exposure during fixation of fractures in obese patients and, along with radiographers, ensure steps are taken to minimise these risks.


The number of radio frequency surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters produced presently exceeds 3 billion per year. The demand for high-frequency SAW filters for telecommunications and remote sensing, has led to extensive research, focusing on new SAW microdevices. SAW devices have shown compact structures, small size, low cost, high sensitivity and fast response. The need of miniaturized systems, with high sensitivity and low energy has motivated the need to integrate on the same substrate all the structure of SAW device and connecting electronic circuits. As a consequence, many types of methods of both constructive and operating characterization of SAW devices have been developed. This paper provides a short introduction regarding the developed level of SAW microdevices and describes the results of literature investigation research of optoelectronic techniques for constructive characterization of SAW microdevices. Further research will be done into the determination of SAW parameters such as the amplitude of surface wave, the velocity of wave propagation on the surface of the piezoelectric substrate. Substrates of quartz, lithium tantalite (LiTaO3) and lithium niobate (LiNbO3), are piezoelectric materials commonly used in manufacturing of SAW devices, but these materials are not compatible with the integrated circuit (IC) technology. Three optoelectronic measurement techniques are known for detection of surface acoustic waves: diffraction grating technique, the knife-edge technique, and the detection of ultrasonic vibrations using optical interferometry. The research work given in this paper concentrates on describing of optoelectronic techniques used for constructive characterization of SAW microdevices. Finally, we try to draw some conclusion where: optoelectronic techniques are predicted to be one of the fundamental measurement methods for measurement of future SAW microdevices.


The key objective of the study was to find out the formative assessment techniques used by teachers of a public sector university of Lahore city. To achieve this objective a B.Ed. (Hons) class comprising 40 prospective teachers and five teachers involved in teaching were purposively selected. Data was collected by developing two instruments: An observation schedule and a questionnaire. To ensure the reliability of observation, inter observer agreement was followed and reliability coefficient of questionnaire was identified as 0.839. Six observations of each teacher were calculated. Data was analyzed by using SPSS software. Findings of study showed that teachers usually ask questions and give examples in classroom and the other techniques to assess students' learning are generally ignored. Teachers assess lower cognitive abilities of students in the classroom. The study suggests that teachers need training for the use of assessment techniques in their classes.


Education is not only the need of human's inner natural development,but also the requirement of a nation's political and economic development.Therefore,the educational ideal will not only express the universal value need of human beings and the value wish of educational practitioners but also reflect the particular political appeal,which means that the educational ideal has actually become an intersection of educational ideal for philosophers,politicians and educational practitioners.By transforming the question"what is educational ideal" into the "whose ideal is educational ideal",we can turn the educational ideal from a theoretical philosophical proposition into a practical pedagogical one.No matter what is the external state or the highest value of educational ideal,it has to be initially and fundamentally transformed into a particular learner' s personal ideal when the education really happens.


This thesis commences its analytic presentation with the derivation of recurrence relations for the coefficients of forward and reverse Taylor series in Cartesian coordinates, valid in the neighbourhood of the vertex of a sessile or pendant drop. Elementary series analysis techniques are used to obtain information describing the dominant singularities of the forward series, facilitating their removal. The modified series have improved convergence properties. The techniques of stretching and straining of variables are used in deriving forward and reverse perturbation series, also in Cartesian coordinates, for small sessile and pendant drops. Asymptotic approximations for the characteristic dimensions of the drops are easily obtained from the perturbation series for these


People who write papers on theorem proving have unfortunately tended to ignore the practical computational questions which arise when a program is to be written to do deduction on an actual machine with real money. The present writer is to his shame an example of this. Yet if computational logic* is to develop into a genuinely useful science it is precisely the computational issues which have to be given the most attention. There is already a growing number of applications, within the field of artificial intelligence, of computational logic: in question-answering, programwriting, proving programs correct, robot control, and so on. These applications are exposing the sadly weak deductive power of current deduction algorithms — at any rate of those realizations of them which have been in use. One possible way to improve matters is for everyone in the field to bring out into the open forum his ideas on how programs should be written, with specific proposals on such 'hard engineering' details as representation of data objects, layout of store, and the like. At least, such public discussion will, one would hope, eventually unearth the best techniques which actually exist and are in use somewhere, for implementing the various subprocesses involved in mechanical deduction. It is of course also to be hoped that open discussion will stimulate the discovery of new and better techniques. We certainly want to advance the art; but at present we appear to have only the dimmest notion of what the state of the art is. In the spirit of 'these observations, this paper describes and discusses a program for computing unification substitutions. The unification computation occurs at the very heart of most modern deduction algorithms. Whatever else goes on during a deduction calculation, an enormous amount of unification computation has to be done. It is the 'addition and multiplication' of


In MCD92], we have contributed a reeective model for a prototype-based language based on the lookup apply re-ective introspection protocol. Here, we pursue this work by including a reiication of continuations. Hence, we provide continuations as rst-class objects and convert our previous protocol to handle them. First-class continuations provide much more control over the current computation. Also, this new model establishes the clear link between reeection in object-oriented and reeective towers as exampliied by 3-Lisp Smi84]. Object-orientedness provides reeection a more principled and encapsulated programming style, making it easier to use. In this paper, we establish the correctness of this new model, namely that any message in the system will be executed in a nite number of computation steps. This fact is based on a limited number of hypothesis independent from the implementation but from which we derive fundamental clues to derive an evaluator for the language. 1 Introduction Reeection, understood as the construction of self-awared systems, is a persistent source of challenge. The mere feeling of touching the essence of computing, but also the tremendous potential for new applications insure a continuous quest for understanding its foundations. The goal of this paper is to propose and study in depth a minimal model of behav-ioral reeection for a prototype-based language. Object-oriented programming is dominated by the class and metaclass approach that provides it a highly satisfactory solution to the problem of structural reeection, which is concerned by the complete reiication of data structures and programs as rst class entities. The problem of behavioral reeection, concerned by the reiication of objects' execution, is not established on similar rm grounds yet.


The contextual analysis including the embedding of phenomena in their logic of historical events is the basic task of comparative education. The article presents a new approach to comparative education in the Polish comparative discourse, based primarily on the ideas of pedagogical constructivism, opening a discussion on a new methodological paradigm, which is the place of historical context and memory in comparative research. Taking into account the importance of historical thinking in the methodology of comparative education is important insofar as it shows a wide context and allows for understanding and not only presenting phenomena.


Olfactory neuroblastoma with papilloma was diagnosed by immunohistological and electronmicroscopic examinations. Modified intensive combined indution chemotherapy with arterial infusion of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, pirarubicin and cisplatin as recommended by Sawaguchi et al was strikingly effective in this patient with olfactory neuroblastoma which was resistant to radiation therapy.


The paper points out that the elevator comfort feel becomes the focus of the user and industry inside concern along with the elevator usage of increase.According to the work experience of many years,it analyses elevator comfort feel affected various factors,treatises affecting comfort feels from both side of the vibration and noise,to resolve comfort feel problem in operation.


What vocabulary, not specific to any particular content area, do students need to know to maximize their achievement on standardized tests? This study focused on the New York State Living Environment Regents Exam, analyzing a total of 27 tests using the software program FREQUENCY for the non-specific vocabulary most commonly used by the test developers. With more importance being assigned to standardized tests such as the Regents with the advent of the No Child Left Behind Act, students who do not already have the skills to incorporate unknown vocabulary risk earning scores that do not reflect their true academic abilities. A total of 127 words were compiled from the analysis into a list of terms to know for the exam. Document Type Thesis Degree Name MS in Literacy Education Department Education First Supervisor Gloria E. Jacobs Subject Categories Education This thesis is available at Fisher Digital Publications: http://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/education_ETD_masters/50 What Non-Specific Vocabulary is Important on Standardized Tests? 1 What Non-Specific Vocabulary is Important on Standardized Tests? A Look at the New York State Living Environment Exam


The starting point for this study was the strategic and conceptual principles of developing Croatian islands, elaborated by the Republic of Croatia's Ministry of Seafaring, Transportation and Communications. The author analyses possibilities of operationalizing the concept of sustainable development as applied to the community of the island of Ugljan. By underlining an insufficient level of economic development and environmental consciousness as fundamental factors for a successful application of the rational philosophy of sustainable development, the author points out at some means of pressure upon those in charge of economic development. An infrastructure should be developed to implement the concept of sustainable development in such a way that it would respond to each specific situation and each local community


Automatic Generation Control (AGC) testing diagnostic analytic system of power grid is used for AGC test between grid dispatching center and the power generator set. It is also for collecting, processing, analyzing and evaluating the generator set's testing data. Eventually a set of assessment results can be achieved. This system is mainly used for testing, diagnosing and evaluating the functions of the power station's generator set, Distributed Control System (DCS) control system and remote control system (RTU). This system can not only support the message diagnosis of IEC60870-5-101, IEC60870-5-104, DNP3.0 and so on, but also be used for collecting and displaying the main parameters such as main steam pressure, temperature, etc. It also appraises the performance index of testing data of generator set.


In this paper, a novel supervised dimensionality reduction method based on LLE is put forward, which is titled locally linear representation Fisher criterion (LLRFC). In the proposed LLRFC, the class information of the original data has been fully considered, according to which an inter-class graph and an intra-class graph can be well modeled respectively. Meanwhile, the neighborhoods in the inter-class graph consist of samples with various labels and the neighborhoods in the intra-graph are just composed of points sampled from the same class. Then the least locally linear representation technique is introduced to optimize the reconstruction weights in both graphs. At last, the Fisher criterion with maximum inter-class scatter and minimum intra-class scatter is reasoned. Experiments on some benchmark face data sets have been conducted and the results validate the proposed method's performance.


Introduction: To aid implementing an ethics curriculum in an orthopaedic residency program, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) created 14 ethics scenarios. Because delivery of this curriculum could be burdensome, an online module–based curriculum might be optimal. Methods: Two cohorts of orthopaedic residents participated: cohort I completed 14 online ethics modules converted from the 14 AAOS ethics scenarios. For each module, we gave a multiple-choice assessment immediately before the module, immediately afterward, and 3 months afterward. Cohort II completed only the 14-module assessments at similar time intervals without any educational content. Results: Cohort I demonstrated improvement in 3-month postmodule assessment scores in 11 of the 14 modules, 3 of which had statistical differences in baseline scores for cohort I and cohort II. We observed no statistical difference in scores within cohort II on repeat testing. Discussion: This study demonstrates that 11 of the 14 AAOS ethics scenarios, converted to online modules, teach ethical concepts to orthopaedic residents. Orthopaedic residency programs may find it valuable to engage their residents in the ethics scenarios created by the AAOS to complement their ethics curriculum.


Chinese economics has traditionally been a planning economical system.Therefore in the financial sectors,the unreasonable management structures,uncompleted financial laws and ineffective control of the banking system resulted in an unproductive management,poor social credibility and lack of financial services and products development.State-owned commercial banks could only compete with other financial organizations with improvement in management structures,laws and market principles,expanding service products,and enhancing technological and product innovations.


The real estate markets are an important component of Chinese economy structure which is worth to study and predict. This paper uses the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models to predict the construction area of residential real estate in Shenzhen. The data is given by a convinced and reliable company CRIC. CRIC focuses on the Chinese real estate market for years. With the dataset from CRIC and based on the ARIMA methodology, the author gives a roughly prediction which shows that the construction area of residential real estate in Shenzhen will continuously rise in a short term. Serious of tests are invoked, such as white noise test and unit-root test etc. The author then draws a conclusion by those tests, which implies that the construction area of residential real estate in Shenzhen is worth to predict statically. And in the real-life dimension this prediction can provide a valuable reference to politicians and investors. For politicians, the prediction can help them make policy. And for investors, the prediction can help them maximize their benefits.


The present invention discloses a preparation method for a hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane and m-dinitrobenzene co-crystallized explosive, wherein a crystallization solvent is adopted to prepare a hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane and m-dinitrobenzene saturated solution, and a constant temperature incubator is adopted to perform solvent evaporation and crystallization to obtain the hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane and m-dinitrobenzene co-crystallized explosive. According to the present invention, crystal density of the hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane and m-dinitrobenzene (CL-20-DNB) co-crystallized explosive is significantly increased by 19.6% compared with crystal density of DNB, detonation velocity and detonation pressure of the CL-20-DNB co-crystallized explosive are respectively increased by 46.2% and 147.5% compared to detonation velocity and detonation pressure of DNB, and the CL-20-DNB co-crystallized explosive has characteristics of a good detonation performance and high safety performance, and can be used for preparing low sensitivity ammunition.


The relativistic Boltzmann equation in bounded domains has been widely used in physics and engineering, for example, Tokamak devices in fusion reactors. In spite of its importance, there has, to the best of our knowledge, been no mathematical theory on the global existence of solutions to the relativistic Boltzmann equation in bounded domains. In the present paper, assuming that the motion of single-species relativistic particles in a bounded domain is governed by the relativistic Boltzmann equation with diffuse reflection boundary conditions of non-isothermal wall temperature of small variations around a positive constant, and regarding the speed of light c as a large parameter, we first construct a unique non-negative stationary solution F∗, and further establish the dynamical stability of such stationary solution with exponential time decay rate. We point out that the L∞-bound of perturbations for both steady and non-steady solutions are independent of the speed of light c, and such uniform in c estimates will be useful in the study of Newtonian limit in the future.


The effect of dynamic vulcanization with different loading of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on linear low density polyethylene/natural rubber using N,N'-m-phenylene bismaleimide (HVA-2) vulcanized and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) vulcanized as a cross-linker were investigated. Optimum ratio of LLDPE/NR blends was chosen is 70/30 in this study. Calcium carbonate loading was varied at 0wt%, 5wt%, 10wt% and 20wt% as filler in LLDPE/NR blends. The study showed that the tensile properties of the un-vulcanized LLDPE/NR blends were deteriorated with increasing in CaCO3 content. The dynamic vulcanization approach by using the HVA-2 and DCP dynamic vulcanization agents was applied on the LLDPE/NR blends in order to compensate the deterioration properties caused by the incorporation of CaCO3. According to the results, the addition of HVA-2 and DCP showed the composites were better in water resistance and tensile properties as compared to the standardized counterpart. The morphological analysis by using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) found out that the interfacial adhesion and dispersion of CaCO3 was improved in both vulcanization systems.


The authors examine the implications for monetary policy design of including learning-by-doing effects in a macroeconomic model. They show that an inflation bias arises because monetary surprises may be exploited to maximize potential output by temporarily raising the rate of human capital accumulation. The authors' model also provides an alternative explanation for the empirical evidence linking inflation and growth, where the causal link goes from low growth to high inflation. Unlike traditional credibility models, an inflationary bias can persist even when the authorities do not wish to offset labor-market distortions through monetary surprises that undercut the median voter's income. Copyright 1998 by Royal Economic Society.


Place a charged particle in an electromagnetic field and the particle will accelerate and give off radiation. Typically, the emitted radiation has little effect on the particle's motion. However, if the acceleration is extremely large, as is the case for high-energy electrons or positrons in strong electromagnetic fields, the emitted radiation will drastically slow down the particle. The effect, known as radiation reaction, has been recognized since the beginning of the twentieth century, and is relevant in several branches of physics, from accelerator physics to astrophysics. But until now it has been difficult to pin down the maths that best describes the phenomenon. In a paper recently published in Physical Review D, the NA63 collaboration reports a high-precision study of the phenomenon that shows that an equation proposed long ago does the job remarkably well.


A light meter circuit for an SLR camera implements full aperture viewfinding with a preselected exposure time by providing an integrating capacitor 25 for controlling the exposure time, a first switch 24 for enabling the charging of the capacitor, circuit means 26, 29 for controlling the charging of the capacitor, a variable resistor 30 for establishing the lens aperture value in an exposure time display mode, a fixed resistor 31 for establishing the aperture value in an exposure time control mode, and a second switch 32 for connecting one of the resistors to an input of the charging control circuit. When the shutter release button is depressed the second switch is transferred from the variable to the fixed resistor, and the first switch is subsequently opened to enable the charging of the capacitor.


We searched diaries of travels over the Southern Plains from 1806-1857 for reports of bison, elk, and pronghorn. From these accounts we obtained indexes of abundance by dividing the number of days in which the animals were observed by the total number of days spent by the expeditions in each of the three prairie biomes. Organized by historical period and biome type, results show that populations of these ungulates were unstable even during the first half of the nineteenth century. The most stable populations throughout the survey period were bison on mixed-grass prairies. Bison and elk disappeared from tall-grass regions by 1833. Bison were exceptionally numerous on short-grass prairies prior to 1821 but dropped off sharply thereafter. Elk abundance was highest on tall-grass prairies during the earliest historical periods. Pronghorn were most abundant on short-grass prairies during 1806-1820 and again during the 1850s, and most abundant on mixed-grass prairies between those periods. Human influences were likely responsible for the paucity of bison on tall-grass prairies. The persistence of all three species on mixed-grass prairies was influenced by that biome's distance from centers of human populations encroaching from both east and west.


Original Research Article The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Most of the people infected with the COVID-19 experienced mild to moderate illness, fever, shortness of breath and recovered without requiring special treatment. Old age peoples and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness. The case fatality rate (CFR) was lower than that of SARS or MERS, the scale of the COVID-19 contagion has caused more casualties than them. The epidemiological data was obtained from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India, Wikipedia, and ICMR as well as different COVID-19 state portals using SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats). The countries with the highest deaths were seen in the USA (1.007%), followed by France (0.95%), Brazil (0.89%), Russia (0.36%), and India (0.106%). India was listed among deaths per million and the reason was, the average population of Indian is young with 94,61,901 cases, 88,47,600 recovered, 1,37,582 deaths and national recovery rate was highest ie. 93.81%. The total CFR declined to 1.45%, and 4,46,952, total active cases in the country which was 4.74% of the total caseload. Among different states of India, the Maharashtra was listed as first with 16, 60,766 cases, 14,86,926 recovered and 43,554 deaths. Next states were: Karnataka; 9,12,340 cases and 12,038 deaths, Tamil Nadu: 8,10,080 cases and 12,024 deaths, Delhi; 6,19,618 cases and 10,337 deaths, Uttar Pradesh; 5,77,642 cases and 8245 deaths as on 30 th November 2020.


It is noted that the process of jamming can be modeled as a two-person zero-sum noncooperative dynamic game played between a communicator and a jammer over a number of discrete time instants. The simplest case is when, at each instant, the communicator and jammer randomize their strategies between idleness and transmission. The payoff (throughput) matrix is then two-by-two, with one variable parameter. The payoff function is the average throughput summed over time, to be optimized subject to cumulative power constraints. The authors find an analytical steady-state solution for this game played over an infinite time duration. Results show that when the throughput parameter is lower than a threshold, the optimal strategies are mixed, and the payoff increment constant; otherwise the strategies are pure, with the payoff increment exhibiting oscillatory behavior.<<ETX>>


A review and justification of chosen papers related to the determination of the begining of plastic deformation has been presented. A particular attention was paid to the criteria based on the temperature measurement. It was found, that the beginning of plastic deformation in metal subjected to elongation occurs when the dependence of temperature vs stress ceases to be the straight line. Finally, the results of initial own investigations were presented.


A theoretical method is proposed for the investigation of the initial rovibrational exitation of Li2 molecule on the cross sections dissociative electron attachment. This method is based on the treatment of the collision as a three body processes, using quantum theory of scattering in few particle system. The results of the calculation of the cross sections of the dissociative electron attachment to initial rovibrational exitation of Li2 are compared with available experimental data and other calculations are discussed.


This paper represents an interdisciplinary study of the relationship between the built environment and the politics that take place within it. The usual political science logic, represented by the contextual theorists, holds that our neighbors and friends have an impact on what we know and value politically. The people we come into regular contact with help shape us politically. Another tradition, found most in architecture, urban planning, and anthropology holds that the physical character of place influences the way that people interact. This paper makes the obvious connection between those perspectives. It contributes to the development of a theory of how the built environment shapes politics, and it reports empirical results of fieldwork and statistical analyses that consider how the environment is important.