Based on monitoring displacement and catastrophe theory,a new rapid and simply quantitative criterion is proposed to assess the stability of surrounding rock. The nonlinear dynamic-cusp catastrophe model is established. According to the instability catastrophe criterion(catastrophe feature value D≤0),catastrophe displacement rate is calculated. The stable displacement rate is determined and the ratio of displacement rate is calculated by using stability criterion(D0). According to the method,the judgment quantitative criterion for main power house (or main-transformed cavern) is put forward,which is that the stability displacement rate, catastrophe displacement rate and the ratio of displacement rate are 0.4(or 0.2) mm/d,9.0(or 2.5) mm/d and 18%(or 14%),respectively. The judgment quantitative criterion is applied to assess the surrounding rock stability of large-scale project. The rationality and effectiveness of the judgment method and quantitative criterion are validated,which can provide reference for the similar project.


For spinal flexibility measurements to be meaningful to clinicians or researchers, they must have a normative information and an understanding of how...


After the advent of Independence in 1947, India, for the better part of half a century thereafter, adopted and followed policies comprising what are known as "Command-and-Control" laws, rules, regulations and executive orders.The Competition law of India, namely, the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969 (MRTP Act) was one such. It was in 1991 that widespread economic reforms were undertaken and consequently the march from "Command-and-Control" economy to an economy based more on free market principles commenced its stride. As is true of many countries, economic liberalisation has taken root in India and the need for an effective competition regime has also been recognized.In the context of the new economic policy paradigm, India has enacted a new competition law called the Competition Act, 2002 (Act, for brief). The MRTP Act has converted into the new law, Competition Act, 2002. The new law has repealed the extant MRTP Act. This paper, therefore, addresses both the enactments and also outlines the logic behind the development.


Transient neurological changes occurring in patients suffering from hepatic precoma and coma are well known (Adams and Foley, 1953; Summerskill et al., 1956). The development of permanent neurological deficits in such patients has only recently been appreciated. It is becoming increasingly clear that permanent neurological changes referable to many systems are not uncommon in these patients. During the past five years R. D. Adams and M. Victor (personal communication, 1962) have collected 15 cases of cirrhosis with episodes of coma in which permanent intellectual, cerebellar, extrapyramidal, and pyramidal impairment in various combinations occurred. The occurrence of chronic spastic paraplegia of pure motor type in association with cirrhosis was for the first time clearly documented by Zieve et al. (1960). The two cases reported by these authors had remarkably parallel clinical histories and identical features and course of their myelopathy. Both had portal cirrhosis of the liver. Both had undergone portacaval shunt surgery for relief of symptoms referable to portal hypertension. Both had partial gastrectomy for associated peptic ulcer. Both exhibited protein sensitivity and suffered repeated episodes of protein coma which followed the portacaval shunt surgery. In both patients myelopathy had an insidious onset, was confined solely to the pyramidal tracts of the spinal cord, and was steadily progressive, making the patients bedridden in


Rotary-vane positive displacement machines have played an important role for many years in refrigeration and air compression applications because of their inherent simplicity and reliability. This paper details the development and testing of a rotary-vane two-phase expander for the purpose of work recovery in an air-cooled chiller. The paper describes the methodology used to design an expander for two-phase flow from a single-phase compressor and an air-motor. Input from detailed analytical models developed by the authors are used to improve the expander design with respect to internal leakage losses and friction. Controls and performance testing are also presented. Directions for future research are highlighted.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


In this paper, the possibility of time reversal phenomenon was investigated in damage detection of structure. In conventional lamb wave techniques, damage is identified by comparing the measured data (baseline signals) and the current data. But this method can lead to high false signal in the intact condition of structures due to environmental conditions of the structures. So in this studying, we investigate the possibility of damage detection in the aluminum plate using the time reversal phenomenon of lamb waves.


Ordos Basin is a large Mesozoic continental basin superimposed on the Paleozoic cratonic terrace of North China. Mesozoic Era is an important transformation phase for Ordos Basin. The studies of Ordos Basin made by predecessors are centered on the west of the basin, and little studies involving the south of the basin, phenomena of structure in the southern Ordos Basin is complicated with different chatacteristics. To different scholars, their views about the structure attribute and the evolution in Mesozoic of this region are not the same, especially there are large differences with regard to the provenance, sedimentary system and tectonic property of the south of the basin. In this paper, on the basis of wildly collecting the information about this region and mainly discusses the provenance, sedimentary system and tectonic property, then analysised the structure features of the southern Ordos Basin and its effection on controling the evolution of deposition from the background of regional geodynamics and the ideas of coupling basin.


Measuring a time interval in the nanoseconds range has opened the way to 3-D imaging, where additional information as distance of objects light detection and ranging (LiDAR) or lifetime decay fluorescence-lifetime imaging (FLIM) is added to spatial coordinates. One of the key elements of these systems is the time measurement circuit, which encodes a time interval into digital words. Nowadays, most demanding applications, especially in the biological field, require time-conversion circuits with a challenging combination of performance, including sub-ps resolution, ps precision, several ns of measurement range, linearity better than few percent of the bin width (especially when complex lifetime data caused by multiple factors have to be retrieved), and operating rates in the order of tens of Mcps. In this article, we present a time-to-amplitude converter (TAC) implemented in a SiGe 350 nm process featuring a resolution of 782 fs, a minimum timing jitter as low as 1.9 ps-rms, a DNL down to 0.79% LSB-rms, and conversion rate as high as 12.3 Mcps. With an area occupation of 0.2 mm2 [without PADs and digital-to-analog converter (DAC)], a FSR up to 100 ns, and a power dissipation of 70 mW, we developed a circuit suitable to be the core element of a densely integrated, faster and high-performance system.


The study aims to evaluate the level of serum ESR and neutrophil count (on admission day and 1 week post-operatively) in patients with odontogenic infections as a predictor for recovery state and progression of disease. A prospective study was carried out on 20 patients suffers from odontogenic infections (abscess formation) admitted at oral and maxillofacial surgery department of al-Yarmok teaching hospital From October 2019 to May 2020;dental and facial examinations were made by specialist including the causal tooth (teeth), the involved fascial spaces ,5ml venous blood samples were taken from patients on admission to the hospital preoperatively and postoperatively one week aftertreatment for evaluation of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) marker and neutrophil (N) cells counts . The samples consist of eleven female (55%) and nine male (45%) patients with the mean age is (34.25±9.90) years,the most common facial space involved in infection was submandibular (40%) while the submental space was the least involved (15%);the preoperative serum ESR level and neutrophil count in patients on admission day was significantly higher compared with its level on day seven after treatment (P=0.000).Conclusions: Serum ESR and neutrophil count definitely prognoses the clinical progress of odontogenicinfections and the appropriate duration of antibiotic consumption, thus these markers could be used as supervising tools for controlling the infection in patients with facial space infections of odontogenic source


SCOTTISH GOVERNMENT ADVICE ON INFANT SAFE SLEEP Previous Scottish Government Reduce the Risk of Cot death advice, endorsed by the Scottish Cot Death Trust and Unicef, included: "The safest place for your baby to sleep at night, during the first six months, is on their back in a cot in your room." Figure 1A illustrates the cot where the baby should sleep after a feed or cuddle. The Scottish Government is now issuing the Lullaby Trust's Safer SleepSaving Babies Lives leaflets for professionals (https://www. lullabytrust. org. uk/ wpcontent/ uploads/ Safersleepsavinglivesaguideforprofessionalsweb. pdf) and parents (https:// www. lullabytrust. org. uk/ wpcontent/ uploads/ Safersleepforbabiesaguideforparentsweb. pdf) endorsed by Public Health England, which use clipart similar to figure 1B with no infant cot to indicate the safest place for your baby to sleep after a feed or cuddle. The Scottish Government now recommends avoidance of bedsharing only if additional hazards are present such as parental smoking, alcohol or drug use or sleeping on a sofa. We believe this written literature—without spelling out inherent risk of bedsharing for sleep and only recommending against bedsharing if additional hazards are present—in conjunction with figure 1B with no infant cot to indicate the safest place for your baby to sleep, will encourage more parents to share their adult bed with their young baby and lead to many otherwise avoidable infant deaths. WHAT IS KNOWN Bedsharing is associated with sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI). SUDI includes SIDS (also known as cot death) (International Classification of Diseases ICD10 code R95), illdefined and unknown cause of mortality (R99) and accidental suffocation or strangulation in bed (W75). It is well established that SUDI risk with bedsharing is elevated with additional hazards including parents smoking, drinking two or more alcohol units, taking medicine causing drowsiness or using recreational drugs. Low birth weight or preterm babies are at higher risk as are young infants if they bedshare for sleep with parent(s).


We study the causality violation in the non-local quantum field theory (as formulated by Kleppe and Woodard) containing a finite mass scale $\Lambda $. We use $\phi ^{4}$ theory as a simple model for study. Starting from the Bogoliubov-Shirkov criterion for causality, we construct and study combinations of S-matrix elements that signal violation of causality in the one loop approximation. We find that the causality violation in the exclusive process $\phi +\phi \to \phi +\phi $ grows with energy, but the growth with energy, (for low to moderate energies) is suppressed to all orders compared to what one would expect purely from dimensional considerations. We however find that the causality violation in other processes such as $\phi +\phi \to \phi +\phi +\phi +\phi $ grows with energy as expected from dimensional considerations at low to moderate energies. For high enough energies comparable to the mass scale $\Lambda $, however, we find a rapid (exponential-like) growth in the degree of causality violation. We generalize some of the 1-loop results to all orders. We present interpretations of the results based on possible interpretations of the non-local quantum field theory models.


This paper presents results of nonlinear finite element (FE) analyses conducted to model the behavior of L-shaped, precast, prestressed concrete spandrels built with open web reinforcement. The FE model was calibrated using experimental results from recent tests of slender, L-shaped, precast, prestressed concrete spandrels. Detailed correlative studies between analytical and experimental results are provided, demonstrating the capability of the FE program to describe the observed experimental behavior. The feasibility of using open web reinforcement in compact, L-shaped, precast, prestressed concrete spandrels to achieve a more construction-friendly reinforcement scheme is also examined. Five different web reinforcement configurations for the compact spandrels were studied in order to evaluate the contribution of closed stirrups to the spandrels' shear-torsion behavior. The behavior, ultimate load-carrying capacity, and mode of failure of both the slender and compact L-shaped precast, prestressed concrete spandrels are presented. For loading values near the ultimate, the out-of-plane bending behavior of compact, L-shaped, precast, prestressed concrete spandrels is strongly influenced by the web-reinforcement configuration. Results from the analysis show that for long-span, compact spandrels, open web reinforcement can be used effectively to resist torsional forces throughout the member.


Tag clouds are now very popular in websites because of its ability to recruit the activity of web users into effectively information retrieval. In recent years, although there are many researches on English tag clouds, few are known about Chinese tag clouds. In this paper, we investigated the layout of the Chinese tag cloud, and analyzed eight visual features of the Chinese tag cloud according to users browsing behavior. Our results could provide a theoretical reference for the tag cloud designers.


This report is the result of a seminar held in 1976 organized by the Commission on Population and Development of the Latin American Council on the Social Sciences (CLACSO) concerning selected methodological and theoretical aspects of the study of population in Latin America. Four background papers prepared for the seminar deal with recent approaches to the study of Latin American population problems the relationship between sociological theory and the study of population problems concerning the measurement of reproductive behavior and historical perspectives on the convergence between theory and data. The report also includes information on the Commissions work program and the related working groups


In the present study, an Al 7075 alloy is used as the matrix and varying weight percentage of Silicon Carbide (SiC) and constant weight percentage of Boron Carbide (B4C) as the reinforcing material. The composite is produced using stir casting technique. The composite thus formed is termed as hybrid composite. The samples are prepared for heat treatment process by subjecting to solutionizing temperature of 530


Model-independent techniques for CP violation searches in multi-body charm decays are discussed. Examples of recent analyses from BaBar and LHCb are used to illustrate the experimental challenges involved.


The mechanisms of the formation of brownish-red pigments having a 2-methyl-4-carbomethoxy-2-pyrindine nucleus as a basic skeleton by reaction of genipin with methylamine under an atmosphere of inert gas are discussed based on the isolation of 5, 6-dihydro-2-methyl-4-carbomethoxy-8-hydroxymethyl-2-pyrindine as a precursor and on comparisons of the results obtained from the reactions of genipin congeners and methylamine. The origin of the extra methyl group at C-6 in the structures of some of the brownish-red pigments was clarified to be the carbon atom of the hydroxymethyl group at C-8 of genipin by using deuterium-labelled genipin.


The quantum jump statistics in the fluorescence intensity from two three-level atoms is studied. A rate-equation description valid for strong driving fields is derived, and a partial analysis of quantum jump statistics which goes beyond the strong-excitation limit is presented. As the main result, it is shown that collective effects, such as unusual intensity levels and double quantum jumps, can occur in two-atom systems. However, their observation requires that the atoms be localized within a wavelength of light. >


A device for controlling / regulating the air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine (1), comprising: a catalyst (3) disposed in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine (1) for absorbing nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas that flows from an upstream side in the catalyst (3), a lean air is -Kraftstoffverhaltnis, and reducing the absorbed nitrogen oxide with a reducing agent in the exhaust gas when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio or a rich air-fuel ratio; an exhaust gas sensor (5) which is disposed downstream of the catalyst (3) in order to detect the concentration of a specific component in the exhaust gas which has passed through the catalytic converter (3); an estimating means (8) for sequentially generating data representing an estimated value of an output (VO2 / OUT) representing the exhaust gas sensor (5) after a dead time of an exhaust system (E) which is from the upstream side of the catalyst (3) (to the exhaust sensor 5) extends and containing the catalyst (3); and...


"Preventive treatment of disease" prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma has an impor- tant significance,the application of TCM in the "not disease prevention before" and "both diseases anti-change" two - stage intervention,by adjusting the body's yin and yang,qi and blood Piansheng partial decline, enhance physical fitness,in order to achieve the prevention of asthma,reduce the number of attacks and prevention of drug - induced diseases purposes.


The invention discloses a cysteine-transformed antibody-toxin conjugate and its preparation method. The cysteine-transformed antibody-toxin conjugate with excellent uniformity is formed by inserting aheavy chain and a light chain of a target antibody to the cysteine (C) at the fixed point, and performing fixed-point coupling on a free sulfydryl (-SH) of the cysteine inserted at the fixed point and a connector coupled with micromolecular high-activity cell toxin. The insert site of the cysteine disclosed in the invention is the 205th site and/or the 206th site (Kabat number) of the antibody light chain, and/or the 439th site of the heavy chain (Kabat number).


By the reaction of chitosan with vanillin,Schiff′s base was firstly obtained,followed by the(eaction) of NaBH_(4) with Schiff′s base to yield water-soluble N-(4-hydroxy-3-mehtoxybenzyl)chitosan(VCS).The chemical structure of the modified chitosan VCS was characterized by FTIR,~(1)H NMR and UV spectroscopies.Degree of substitution of N-4-hydroxy-3-mehtoxybenzyl determined with colloid titration was 2.37 mmol/g.The swelling characteristics of hydrogels(VCSG) prepared by cross-linking of glutaraldehyde with VCS were studied.The results showed that the swelling ratio(SR) of VCSG was decreased with the increasing of the dosage of glutaraldehyde.The swelling ratios of VCSG with different cross-linking degrees were decreased with the increasing of the pH value of the buffer solution between 1.2 to 7.4.The swelling ratios of VCSG were increased with the increasing of the pH value of the buffer solution between 9.0 to 11.0.The VCSG with a lower cross-linking degree swelled more significantly in a pH=1.2 buffer solution than in other medium,the VCSG with a high cross-linking degree swelled similarly and lower SR in buffer solution with different pH values.VCSG showed pH-sensitive in buffer solutions.The release behavior of famotidine entrapped in the hydrogel showed different speeds with the change of the pH value of medium in vitro.The release speeds of(famotidine) in VCSG in the media of pH=1.2 and 3.0 were much faster than those in the media of pH=5.0 and 7.4,both showed slow release effect.VCSG is pH sensitive and the swelling behavior of VCSG can be regulated by changing the dosage of the cross-linking agent,and has the potential as being the carrier for controlling drug release.


Domain adaptation for SMT usually adapts models to an individual specific domain. However, it often lacks some correlation among different domains where common knowledge could be shared to improve the overall translation quality. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-domain adaptation approach for SMT using Multi-Task Learning (MTL), with in-domain models tailored for each specific domain and a general-domain model shared by different domains. The parameters of these models are tuned jointly via MTL so that they can learn general knowledge more accurately and exploit domain knowledge better. Our experiments on a largescale English-to-Chinese translation task validate that the MTL-based adaptation approach significantly and consistently improves the translation quality compared to a non-adapted baseline. Furthermore, it also outperforms the individual adaptation of each specific domain.


processes are involved in the development of diabetes. Abstract The lipid profile levels were found to be elevated in T2DM diabetic patients. The study was designed to find out the correlation between lipid peroxidation, lipid profile and T2DM. Degree of lipid peroxidation was measured in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) along with lipid profile and blood glucose in diabetes mellitus. Totally 50 known diabetic patients and 50 non-diabetic controls were studied. Significant increase in Malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipid profile, except HDL cholesterol, which is decreased, has been found in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cases as compared to controls. It has also been observed that the level of lipid peroxide increased as per the increase in concentration of blood glucose. The increase in lipid peroxidation in the hyperglycemic condition may be explained, as the superoxide dismutase enzyme an antioxidant becomes inactive due the formation of superoxide radical within the cell. The lipid peroxidation leads to the damage of the tissues and organs which results in complications in diabetic patients. So in chronic diabetic cases, secondary complications are well marked. High levels of total cholesterol, TGs and LDL may appear may be due to increased cholesterol synthesis. It may be concluded that good metabolic control of hyperglycemia will prevent in the peroxidation and the lipid metabolism, which may help in good prognosis and preventing the manifestation of vascular and secondary complications in diabetes mellitus.


Advances in additive manufacturing enable fabrication of complex structures using functionally graded materials (FGMs) at a voxel level. Prior to developing voxel-based FGM designs using compatible dithering approaches, it is essential to first understand the basic principles of voxelbased digital composite designs. While several research studies exist regarding different representations of composition in voxel-based solid models, there is no extensive research on the material properties of voxel-based digital composite structures. This paper bridges this gap by investigating custom voxel-based designs of digital composite structures. The objective is to determine how the material properties of such structures are impacted by different voxel sizes using the material jetting process. In addition to the material properties, computational time taken to process different voxel sizes is analyzed. By doing so, we gain a better understanding of the relationship between material composition and voxel size in digital composite structures. 1. MOTIVATION AND BACKGROUND Additive manufacturing (AM) offers a wide range of technologies that provide various opportunities in the aspects of design freedom and material complexity, including parts that can be manufactured in a single build using multiple materials [1]. Multi-material AM has led to the development of 3D printed objects fabricated using materials with heterogeneous compositions. This "free" material complexity within multi-material AM enables the processing of composites. Composite materials comprise two or more constituent materials with varying material properties, which are combined to produce a material with enhanced material properties [2]. Digital composites are materials of a heterogeneous nature defined by discrete voxels. A voxel is a "fundamental, physical, and self-aligning" volume element defined in a 3D space [3,4]. The actual physical size of the voxel indicates the resolution present in a three-dimensional image. Voxels have mostly been used in the development of data structures in computer graphics [5], however, based on recent advancements, researchers have explored different methods of designing digital materials in relation to voxels. Voxel-based designing involves "converting a geometrically represented 3D object into voxel models by digitally distributing multiple materials in a specific voxel region" [6]. Various research studies have demonstrated the capability of incorporating the voxel-based design approach to develop and analyze different structures. This approach has been used by Hiller and Lipson [3] to validate the manufacturability of digital composites by developing self-aligning voxels in 3D geometries. Conformal lattice structures as studied by Aremu and co-authors [7] were also developed using a voxel-based design method of tessellating and trimming. The discrete nature of the voxels caused a stair-stepping effect on the surface of the external geometry. In order to mitigate such problem, the authors proposed to increase the voxel resolution. Furthermore, Park 1499 Solid Freeform Fabrication 2018: Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium – An Additive Manufacturing Conference Reviewed Paper


In this study, we document the air temperature and precipitation changes
between present-day conditions and those projected for the period 2041-2070 in
the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) by means of Eta driven by HadCM3 climate
model output, considering the variation among its four ensemble members. The
main purpose is to support studies of vulnerability and adaptation policy to
climate change. In relation to future projections of temperature extremes, the
model indicates an increase in average minimum (maximum) temperature of between
+1.1°C and +1.4°C (+1.0°C and +1.5°C) in the state by 2070, and it could reach
maximum values of between +2.0°C and +3.5°C (+2.5°C and +4.5°C). The model
projections also indicate that cold nights and days will be much less frequent
in Rio de Janeiro by 2070, while there will be significant increases in warm
nights and days. With respect to annual total rainfall, the Northern Region of
Rio de Janeiro displays the greatest variation among members, indicating
changes ranging from a decrease of -350 mm to an increase of +300 mm during the
21st century. The southern portion of the state has the largest increase in annual
total rainfall occurring due to heavy rains, ranging from +50 to +300 mm in the
period 2041-2070. Consecutive dry days will increase, which indicates poorly
time distributed rainfall, with increased rainfall concentrated over shorter
time periods.


Purpose: To provide hemodynamic perspective for preference of a specific type of incentive spirometer after cardiac surgery. Method: Ideal method of performing breathing on their prescribed incentive spirometer was explained. On 2nd day post surgery, heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and blood pressure were noted immediately before and after performing 8 breaths on incentive spirometer.


The main features of the design and circuitry of an ESG-based sensor intended to measure three angles of moving object (MO) rotations are discussed; also considered is the underlying physical basis, namely, generation of rotational and two-component reciprocating motion of an electrostatically suspended rotor with the use of a gyromotor and force transducer. The design solution is theoretically justified; a numerical example is given to prove its feasibility.


If Tc1, T,c2 are two Gaussian automorphisms, where cl and a2 are concentrated on independent sets, then we have a dichotomy: either they are spectrally disjoint or they have a common factor. As an application, we construct non-rigid automorphisms which are spectrally determined.


I N T R O D U C T I O N Signal transmission in nervous systems depends on action potentials that are genera ted by vo l tage-dependent conductances. In squid axon and o ther per ipheral nerves, m e m b r a n e depolar izat ion activates a vol tage-dependent sodium conductance and it is generally thought that a sodium conductance with similar p roper t i es underl ies action potentials in neurons in the mammal ian central nervous system. This assumpt ion has been difficult to test experimentally, both because it is difficult to insert two electrodes into mammal ian central neurons in o rde r to vol tage-clamp the m e m b r a n e and because it is not possible to control Address reprint requests to Dr. P. W. Gage, Dept. of Physiology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, P.O. Box 334, Canberra 2601, Australia. J. GEN. PHYSIOL. (~ The Rockefeller University Press 9 0022-1295/88/03/0373/26 $2.00 373 Volume 91 March 1988 373-398 on A uust 4, 2017 jgp.rress.org D ow nladed fom 374 T H E J O U R N A L O F G E N E R A L P H Y S I O L O G Y 9 V O L U M E 91 9 1 9 8 8 the membrane potential in axonic and dendritic processes o f neurons with electrodes in the soma. A voltage-dependent sodium conductance has been characterized in cat motoneurons (Barrett and Crill, 1980), in rat nodose ganglion cells (Ikeda et al., 1986), and in cultured sympathetic ganglion neurons (Belluzzi and Sacchi, 1986), but not in cerebral neurons. We have used a single-electrode, switching voltage clamp (Brenneke and Lindermann, 1974; Finkel and Redman, 1985) to control membrane potential in CA1 neurons acutely dissociated (Numann and Wong, 1984) f rom guinea pig hippocampal slices. The dissociation procedure p roduced many cells consisting of a soma with few processes that generated large sodium currents in response to membrane depolarization. Preliminary accounts o f some of these results have been published elsewhere (Sah et al., 1986).


This paper relates the theory on the realization of data communication between PC and the HDPLDs with a programming cable, presenting the design with a PC and the ISP devices. It shows the specific scheme, the circuit of the hardwares, the structure of the softwares and their design.


Quantitative microspectrophotometric studies have been made on sections of human cervix after staining for reactive protein thiol-groups (PSHr), and the sum of protein thiols with so-called reactive protein disulphides (together abbreviated as TRPS). Measurements were made on normal epithelium, apparently normal epithelium adjacent to a pathological lesion, dysplastic epithelium, carcinoma-in-situ, and adjoining stroma. The numbers of cases studied were: normal healthy controls (53); patients with dysplasias (34) and patients with carcinoma-in-situ (29). In the normal control sections the ratio of PSH, in epithelium:stroma was 2.7 and this ratio was strongly decreased in dysplasias (1.6) and carcinoma-in-situ (1.5); the 3 populations of values had sufficient overlap to prevent this measurement being an effective discriminator. No significant variations were observed with TRPS-values except with changes in the stroma adjacent to apparently normal epithelium. However, the ratio of PSHr:TRPS was effectively discriminatory when this double-staining ratio was calculated for epithelial values:stromal values. These results are discussed in relation to the importance of thiol-groups in cell division and cancer, and the biological implications of similar changes observed in neighbouring apparently normal epithelium.


Following are eight proposals, made to the National Conference of Editorial Writers, for improving journalism education. The proposals were written by the NCEW's Journalism Education Committee and first appeared in the Winter Masthead, the NCEW quarterly publication. They were prepared to stimulate discussion at a conference on journalism education sponsored by the ANPA Foundation at Reston, Va. February 28. Attending the conference were representatives of 17 professional and educational journalism organizations. Participants at the conference agreed to let the eight proposals serve as springboards for further discussions among professional journalists and educators this year on the future of journalism education. The proposals are reprinted here with permission of Masthead and the chairman of the NCEW Journalism Education Committee, Lee Smith of the Buffalo (N. Y.) News. The Comment following each proposal explains the committee's reasoning behind that proposal.


An analysis of the preparedness of reserves in the Kazakhstan quarries has shown that in a real production process, periods of stable mining unit operation alternate with failures when the ore mass is not fully or partially supplied over the estimated time in the targeted amount and quality. To eliminate the production process breakdown and ensure continuity and consistency of the individual mining cycle stages, redundant mining units with developed reserves should be provided. A technique for justifying the prepared ore reserves is proposed considering the variability of the active mining face parameters based on a statistical analysis of data of operating mining enterprises. To determine the dependence of the produced raw material qualitative composition homogeneity on the number of open pitiable mining faces, the actual weekly-daily schedules of the mining operations of several quarries (test pit 1) and (test pit 2) have been used. It is assumed that under the conditions of an operating mining enterprise, some averaging process parameters independent of the number of mining units may be considered constant and determined based on the operation data. Therefore, the solution to the problem of determining the effect of the number of mining units on the ore flow averaging level can be simplified. The dependence of the useful component content on the number of operating mining units has been studied. A regression analysis of statistical data has been performed. Based on empirical dependencies, formulas for simplified calculating the amount of redundant developed reserves considering the required quality of the extracted ore have been obtained.


The paper points out the problems ranging from: the acquisition for mining rights does not conform to regular ways;in the process of turnover of mining rights the market is hard to play its basic functions for distributing resources;the proportion of mineral prospecting rights owned by the state-owned geological exploration institutions is continually decreasing.In respond,the paper makes suggestions for resolving these problems so as to maintain the legitimate rights and interests of mineral exploration and exploitation of geological prospecting institutions.


This study analyzes the financial performance of the province of East Java in 2008 until 2013. Through a quantitative approach, this study describes the degree of fiscal decentralization, fiscal independence and activity ratios East Java provincial budget in 2008 until 2013. The results showed that: the performance of financial management of East Java Province has been very good, although the ratio of expenditure activity showed a dominance ratio of indirect expenditure on direct spending. Thus, the recommendation to the Government of East Java are: 1)To accelerate SKPD and other related agencies to increase revenue, 2)Provide a planning on budgeting for autonomous regions based on the needs of real people in East Java and in accordance with the mission and the mission of the Governor and Deputy Governor of East Java, 3)To increase the ratio of direct expenditure to total expenditure.


To get superior guiding catheter support, we tried a new method called the anchor technique. By inflating a balloon in a nontarget vessel and holding its shaft with backward force while advancing another balloon, the anchor effect for the guiding catheter could be obtained and it appeared to be helpful for a balloon or a stent to cross the target lesion. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;59:482–488. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


This paper considers varying coefficient partially linear models when covariates of parametric components and nonparametric components are both measured with additive errors,but the two parts of the measurement errors are correlated. Based on a profile least-squares method with correction for attenuation,a variable selection procedure is proposed by using smoothly clipped absolute deviation( SCAD) penalization,and the resulting estimators show asymptotic normality as well as an oracle property. Finite sample properties of the proposed method are illustrated by simulation studies.


In the control field, the adaptive model predictive control (AMPC) has the capability of taking effective control actions on unknown-but-bounded time-independent or slowly time-varying systems coupling with constraints. In essence, AMPC estimates the uncertain parameters or uncertainty set online by utilising historian data to extract model information. The model estimation procedure imposes some specific conditions on data and these extra conditions have restricted its practical use. To overcome these problems, a new data-driven control methodology is presented that integrates the data-driven concept into robust model predictive control (RMPC) architecture for unknown-but-bounded time-independent or slowly time-varying plant. The key novelty is to employ historian data to derive control policy and make a prediction in replacement with the complicated procedure of utilising data to estimate model parameters. A data-driven RMPC algorithm is developed within the robust model predictive control framework with the fulfilment of recursive feasibility and stability. The authors display the highlights of the data-driven model predictive control controller through two simulation examples. The resulting controller is verified to reduce conservativeness and increase the closed-loop performance of the system.


Technology of burning low-grade fuel in the furnace of low temperature fluidized bed is environmentally attractive and can allow the transition to a cheap solid fuel local utility companies and industrial sectors. However, this technology is a complex process that requires additional research, including problems associated with low-grade coal ignition in low-temperature fluidized bed. In this paper, a review of existing methods is given ignition of coal in a fluidized bed. The experimental results of fueling the Ukrainian coal and anthracite D wing in a laboratory setting by heating the layer of natural gas and heated by charcoal are set in this study. The results were used to create technologies ignition of coal in furnaces firing patterns of NTKSH boiler with a heat output 18kVt


A simple and realistic Inodel. potential of %'oods-Saxon type is used to determine the one-electron states for a semi-infinite metal (jellium). The various potential parameters are determined by the use of certain physical constraints which ensure the self-consistency approximately. To judge the accuracy and the effectiveness of this potential model, we compare the work-function values obtained in the present scheme with those of the fully self-consistent calculations of Lang and Kohn. We also extend the present analysis incorporating the lattice effects via local-pseudopotential theory to obtain the work-function values for a few simple real metals, and the results are compared with the polycrystalline experimental values.


The genus Propionibacterium has been historically divided, based on habitat of origin, into "dairy" and "cutaneous" microorganisms which mainly inhabit dairy/silage environments and the skin/intestine of human and animals, respectively. Dairy propionibacteria are generally recognized as safe microorganisms whereas members of the cutaneous group have shown to be opportunistic pathogens in compromised hosts. In consequence, the economic relevance of propionibacteria derives mainly from the industrial application of dairy species as cheese starters and as biological producers of propionic acid and other metabolites like exopolysaccharides and bacteriocins to be used as thickeners and foods preservers, respectively.


Objective To construct poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1(PARP-1) gene low expression model in malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cell line(M-16HBE) induced by silica.Methods Parp-1 gene low expression model in M-16HBE was constructed by silencing of parp-1 with RNAi,and parp-1 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR.The effect of proliferation of cells was detected by MTT assay.Cell cycle was monitored by flow cytometry.Results The expression of parp-1 gene in transfected cells decreased(about 45% of normal cells) significantly,compared with normal cells and the cells transfected with empty vector(P0.05).The expression of parp-1 gene in normal cells was equal to the cells transfected with empty vector(P0.05).Compared with normal cells,the effect of proliferation of transfected cells was significantly increased(P0.05);and the S phase ratio increased by 7.8%(P0.05) and the G2 phase ratio decreased by 5.8%(P0.05).Conclusion Parp-1 gene low expression model in M-16HBE was successfully constructed.


This paper tries to simplify the compound circuit by utilizing the D——R matrix.In addition,judgment and the simplification will be carried on by establishing the Adjacency Matrix and Modified incidence matrix in sequence.


Limiting the spread of communicable diseases within a healthcare setting is integral to patient safety and clinical practice. Practitioners in infectious diseases, microbiology and virology often lead infection prevention and control teams, and are often responsible for creating and implementing policies and ensuring their effectiveness. They are also often responsible for investigating outbreaks when there are lapses in practice, or other causes for onwards transmission of infectious agents.


An equivalence is established between the problem of motion of a rigid body with spherical dynamical symmetry about a fixed point under the action of potential and gyroscopic forces and the problem of motion of a particle on a smooth fixed sphere. A new integrable case of the first problem is constructed from a case of the second problem, recently found by Gaffet. Three integrable cases of the second problem are obtained from the known integrable cases in various problems of rigid-body dynamics.


Aromatic heptaene polyenes (AHPs), the largest group of antifungal polyene antibiotics, were detected in steam-sterilized Sphagnum peat after treatment with a new biofungicide containing fermenter-cultivated Streptomyces griseoviridis Anderson K61, a bacterium capable of producing AHPs in vitro. Three concentrations (0.05 g litre−1, 0-2 g litre−1 and 2.0 g litre−1) of the biofungicide were used and compared to untreated controls. The substrates were incubated for seven weeks under greenhouse conditions, with and without cucumber seedlings, and samples were analysed for heptaene polyenes by HPLC using a photodiode array detector. Changes in AHP concentrations indicated that the fermenter-cultivated mycelium was a partial source of extractable heptaenes in peat. The identification of p-aminoacetophenone (PAAP) by HPLC-MS in peat hydrolysates verified the presence of AHPs.


Viscosity η o and osmotic pressure π were measured for polymer solutions at 25°C, for concentrations up to 30 g/dl. To

elucidate the effects of polymer-solvent interactions of various types, the systems chosen were polystyrene in toluene (good solvent) and decalin (poor

solvent), and poly(methylmethacrylate) in chlorobenzene (good) and m-xylene (poor). The surprising result was the generalization that η o for

poor-solvent systems increases with concentration faster than for good-solvent systems, so that eventually η o becomes far greater with poor

solvents. This behavior is enhanced with polar polymers, and is not explainable on the basis of entanglements in the usual sense. It is believed that

polymer aggregation occurs in poor solvents, independent of molecular weight effects. Data were correlated with both the powerlaw and the Simha methods.

Characteristic shapes of such curves were related to polymer-solvent effects. Theories for the Huggins constant were found to be inadequate, as was a model

proposed earlier (by MCW) for concentrated solutions. The latter was modified by adopting an ad hoc friction constant, which proved successful with good

solvents and could be correlated with p to incorporate the poor-solvent data as well.


It is expected that students entering the workforce should have skills to allow them to effectively perform in the workplace. However, there is a gap between expected development of these "soft skills" and their actual attainment by students. Due to this discrepancy, Texas A&M has developed university mandated learning outcomes that address soft skills within course content. The objective of this paper is to present teaching methodology useful for achieving Texas A&M University level learning outcomes as they relate to the "Professional Conduct" learning outcome, as assessed via performance indicators such as working collaboratively, feedback, and conflict management. Additionally, this project aims to help bridge the gap in understanding between current animal science industry practices and public perception. This project titled "Ag-vocating for Animal Science Industry Practices" utilizes methods appropriate for large classes, conducted face-to-face or online, and targets students at the introductory level. Based on criteria from education literature, the semester-long project is broken down into multiple low stakes assignments comprising half of the project points which allows for multiple feedback opportunities from both the group members and the professor. These assignments include a Catme survey to assign groups based on interest and schedule, as well as submitting topic-related articles, a script, a rough-draft video, final video, and peer assessment survey online through eCampus, the university's learning management system. This utilization of this collaborative project fulfills university undergraduate learning outcome of demonstrating professional conduct measured by attainment performance indicators such as "identify characteristics of a functional team" and "accept objective and constructive criticism." This is an innovative approach to assessing soft skill development within the context of the animal science discipline. In conclusion, this project is useful in evaluating groupwork skills in undergraduates, as well as providing students with an opportunity to critically analyze industry practices.


Man is a creature in time and space whose consciousness permits him to nullify their strictures. Because he is gifted with the capacity to conceptualize a future, awareness of inexorable death becomes for him a steering force. This is particularly cogent for the fatally ill individual who finds himself in a continuous confrontation with oncoming death. Systematic work in this area is experimentally difficult, and empiricai findings are presently sparse. Recent years, however, disclose increasing efforts to augment religio-philosophic formulations and clinical impressions with controlled research endeavors. In this frame, I offer certain' findings that are emerging from an ongoing investigation of attitudes toward death in differing populations. The focus here is on contrasting perception of death between a group of 95 healthy normal persons and another of 92 seriously ill and terminally ill patients, cognizant of the life-threatening nature of their illnesses. Cancer and heart trouble are the major diseases represented in the group of patients. Both groups-the physically sick and the healthy-have a mean age of 40 years; are somewhat above average in intelligence and socioeconomic status; consist mostly of members of the Protestant faith; and, in the main, are mamed with children. More males and Catholics are represented in the group of patients than in the healthy one. Statistical analysis indicates, however, that these differences are without influence on the results being reported. The data were obtained, in large measure, by a team of diplomates in clinical psychology and psychiatry, who employed open-end questions, rating scales, and a number of tests. The necessity for cross-validation prompts some circumspection in generaling from the findings. Interestingly, a number of them correspond with clinical observations and common sense reflections. What are the findings? Our patients, significantly more often than the healthy, use denial and avoidance as ways to grapple with the concept of death. They block reliably more often on items pertaining to death imagery, are overly engrossed in minutiae, wish to die in a condition oblivious to death, and are significantly less accepting of death than their healthy counterparts. By contrast, the healthy utilize intellectualization as their major technique in coping with the problem. Being close to death or contemplating it from a distance apparently calls forth a differing strategy of defense. This does not imply, naturally, that denial is not available to a substantial proportion of the healthy or that patients do not indulge in intellectualization, to say nothing of such other shields as reaction-formation, isolation, and displacement. A derivative of this adaptational approach by our patients may be discerned in the finding that they hold a significantly more institutional-utilitarian or "extrinsic" orientation toward religion than do the healthy. Religion is perceived more in defensive and escapist terms than as "intrinsic," that is, where religion functions integratively and as a true end in itself. Belief in a divine God and in a personal fate after death leading to heavenly environs is also definitely more characteristic of the patients. A no-atheist-in-foxhole outlook prevails. The healthy, in comparison, conceive of God not so much as ''divine'' as "a power greater than oneself'


Abstract We give a new characterization of the hyperarithmetic sets: a set X of integers is recursive in eα if and only if there is a Turing machine which computes X and "halts" in less than or equal to the ordinal number ωα of steps. This result represents a generalization of the well-known "limit lemma" due to J. R. Shoenfield [Sho-1] and later independently by H. Putnam [Pu] and independently by E. M. Gold [Go]. As an application of this result, we give a recursion theoretic analysis of clopen determinacy: there is a correlation given between the height α of a well-founded tree corresponding to a clopen game A ⊆ ωω and the Turing degree of a winning strategy ƒ for one of the players—roughly, ƒ can be chosen to be recursive in 0α and this is the best possible (see §4 for precise results).


We present compact on-die variation monitoring circuits for measuring process and environmental fluctuations in product chips. The process characterization structure can be used to isolate process induced systematic and random variation in NFET and PFET devices. The environmental monitoring structure is designed for real time monitoring of performance variations. The proposed structures provide an efficient trade-off between test cost and measurement data. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed sensors show very good sensitivity to FET level threshold voltage and supply voltage fluctuations, respectively. Due to their low overhead and improved monitoring capabilities, the structures can be very effective as on-die embedded sensors for measuring spatial and temporal variability in integrated circuits.


Remote learning has become increasingly prevalent in the past decade. The current covid climate has provided an exponential boost for concurrent usage with video conferencing, specifically remote learning. For a good learning experience, the system needs to provide consistent performance and responsiveness of all applications in the concurrent use case while also delivering a good battery life to keep students engaged. Additionally, the education PC segment is typically budget conscious and fan-less, with a thermal design power of 6 Watts. Customers prefer to reuse existing chassis, thermal solutions and avoid high-cost bill of material, which comes with power-saving features. In this paper, we present the approach to optimizing video conferencing use case within the constraints of the education PC segment, which comes with the challenge of maintaining perf/watt. We also present pursued optimizations and associated learnings for design, software, and system tuning to enhance performance and battery life and provide a good user experience for video conferencing and concurrent use cases.


In the past three decades the study of early modern Christian missions has been deeply transformed. A new paradigm is emerging that seeks to interpret the missions as a global phenomenon and, in particular, as a privileged field for cross-cultural encounters. It questions the quasi-hagiographic emphasis of those accounts that all too often perpetuated the assumptions of traditional Christian apologists and sought to identify the missions with the expansion of European science and civilization; it also questions the simplicity of some postcolonial critiques that interpreted the phenomenon simply as an adjunct toWestern imperialism. This new historiography is oftenmore concerned with cultural and political interactions than with just Western dominance or native resistance to European cultural penetration. Therefore, it questions the Eurocentric bias all too often imposed by the prevalence of the sources generated by the missionaries, mobilizing when possible alternative native sources. Above all, it seeks a sophisticated rhetorical analysis of missionary sources and pays attention to the production and circulation of ethnographic and scientific "knowledge" in its various contexts, from the mission field to Europe, dealing with, for example, the role of missionaries as cultural mediators, the importance of interpreters and native converts, the very nature of religious conversions, or the possibilities and limitations of intercultural dialogues. One theme that has emerged from recent scholarship on the Catholic missions is the global nature of the enterprise. Although the European scene of the Counter-Reformation


The Thriller Bedtime Story, The Hitch-hiker, Indians Family Matters Moving Pictures Little Old Lady from Cricket Creek, Sunday in t he Park, The Paper Family Detective Story Elementary, Mr Dearest Watson, The Cop Who Loved Flowers, The Crestfield Case Altered States A Dream Cody Had, Morning Minuet, The German Boy Science Fiction A Lot to Learn, The Seeds from Outside, The Tourist Travel Section The Specialist, Denial, Away Murder Story Milk, The Stinging Tree, Murderers Walk Cook Book Tomato Meatballs, No Such Thing as a Free Lunch, Ismini Men Only My Father's Hands, Father and Son, Death of a Morphologist Natural History The Paternal Instinct, You Are Now Entering the Human Heart, Thylacine The Writer Love Bytes, Happy Endings, Downtown


FTGA Launches Grass-Roots FundRaising Campaign The FTGA and the University of Florida have joined forces for a turf research fund-raising program dubbed, "Golfers For A Better Environment." The idea stems from FTGA Public Relations Director Don Benham's experience with a similar successful program instituted by the Michigan Turf Foundation and Michigan State University. After a couple of dress rehearsal presentations to the board of directors of the Gainesville Country Club and the Florida Turfgrass Association, Benham and Nell debuted the program to representatives of 15 country clubs in the Boca Raton area Feb. 8. David Court, CGCS and Mark Jarrell, CGCS helped the FTGA office with contact names and David's club, Boca Lago, served as the host for this inaugural presentation of the program. The Golfers For A Better Environment program is designed to encourage grass roots golfers to participate in turf research to accomplish several goals: (1) Provide a means for golfers to help preserve and protect their club's most important asset, the golf course. (2) Provide independent public funding to study environmental impacts of turf management products and practices. (3) Provide a consistent base of support for turf research rather than depending only on annual event sponsorship and attendance. (4) Provide factual evidence to rebut sensational,negative and misleading media accounts about golf courses. (5) Develop a significant golf constituency that can have political influence when regulations affecting golf courses are under discussion. The premise of the program is very simple. Each club's board of directors is being asked to consider a convenience billing to their membership of an annual $5.00 donation to the Florida Turfgrass Research Foundation.. The goal of hav2000 Florida Plants of the Year Part 2


Abstract South Australia is sparsely populated agricultural country. Small towns, many with Uniting Churches, serve the communities. Only a few of these churches have their own ordained minister. Most ministers serve a cluster of three or more churches, often assisted by lay teams which take some services. Many churches are led by teams of lay people. Surveys and case-studies showed that the vitality of the lay-led churches was no different from churches led by ordained ministers. In many lay-led churches there is a strong sense of ownership by the lay people, and those involved in leadership often reported that they had grown in faith through their responsibilities. The preferred pattern of leadership in rural churches adopted by the Synod of the Uniting Church in South Australia is that of local lay leadership. 'Resourcing ministers' are being appointed to mentor and resource the lay leaders of clusters of between six and 12 congregations.


This paper argues that there is an implicit morality in state social policies that govern access to social protection. It presents some selected findings from a case study carried out in 2007 in a rural community in Michoacan, Mexico and, using a qualitative approach, examines how the moral discourses of obligation and sanction implicitly embedded in the notion of conditionality have gendered the interaction of rural poor households with state health institutions.


ANNUAL RBPRESENTATIVE MBETING. Minute 330.-That, while recognizing the necessity of proceeding without delay with the formation of a new Company, the Representative Meeting considers it desirable that a full consideration should be given by the Association to the question of the Referendum by pestal vote, and the arrangements generally for securing that the decision of the Representative Meeting shall, as far as possible, represent accurately the opinion of the Association, and that it be an instruction to the Council to prepare a Report on these subjects for the considtration of the Divisions, and, after receiving and considering the replies of the Divisions, to submit a Report with recommendations to the next possible Representative Meeting, whether that takes place under the present Company or under the new Company which it is proposed to form.


The LLDPE/HDPE blends with two different weight ratios as well as pure LLDPE were molded by means of water-assisted and conventional injection molding (WAIM and CIM) in terms of their different thermal fields. The formation of the crystal morphology in the molded parts was investigated by a scanning electron microscope. The results showed that banded spherulites formed in the WAIM and CIM pure LLDPE parts. Banded spherulites of LLDPE coexisted with the randomly oriented lamellae of HDPE for LLDPE/HDPE blend parts with lower HDPE content at higher cooling rates, whereas a banding to nonbanding morphological transition occurred for LLDPE component (particularly for blend with higher HDPE content) at lower cooling rates. The heterogeneous nucleation effect of HDPE component on LLDPE component was responsible for the banding to nonbanding morphological transition by hindering the twist of LLDPE lamellae. It was interesting to find that the thermal effect, rather than the shear effect, was the main factor for the formation of crystal morphologies in both CIM and WAIM blend parts. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers


Summary.

The biological action of l-triiodothyronine, azo-arsenophenyl-triiodothyronine and azo-sulfophenyl-triiodothyronine was determined on the basis of their positively chronotropic effect on the isolated spontaneously beating rat auricle after a three days treatment of the animals with the substances in question. It is evident that triiodothyronine has an accelerating effect on the rate of beat similar to that of thyroxine. An effect of the same kind but weaker, could also be demonstrated with the azo-compounds.


Based on the cross-section data of Chinese provinces from 2005 to 2008,the paper studies the influences of the educational level of population and ISO9000 certification on regional quality competitiveness by establishing econometric models. The results show that their influences on regional quality competitiveness are significant and positive; however,the degree of their influences varies,and the former has more significant impact than the latter on regional quality competitiveness. At same time,the research finds that the trend of average educational attainment elasticity of regional quality competitiveness gradually increased with the passage of time,but the density elasticity of ISO9000 certification gradually decreased.


An RP-HPLC method has been developed and validated for the quantification of cabazitaxel in injection dosage form. The desired chromatographic separation was ac hieved on the Inertsil ODS 3V (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) HPLC column using isocratic elution at 254 nm detec tion wavelength. The optimized mobile phase consist s of mixture of 0.1M NaH2PO4 and methanol in the ratio of 60:40 (v/v). The meth od showed linearity over the range of 24-72 μg/ml with regression coefficient value of 0.9999. T he limits of detection and quantitation were found to be 0.052 μg/ml and 0.175 μg/ml, respectively. The recovery for all of the com p nents was in the range of 100.394100.693% with percent relative standard deviation o f less than 1%. The proposed method was successfull y applied for the quantitative determination of cabazitaxel i n injection dosage form.


In this paper, a PCA (Principal Component Analysis) based fast vector quantization coding method for spectral imagery has been proposed. Firstly, PCA is used to concentrate effective information of image into a few PCs (Principal Components). Then a PC selected method based on the eigenvalues is used to extract the PCs that contain the main information. Furthermore, an improved fast vector quantization (VQ) algorithm is exploited to encode the selected PCs. Experimental results show that, under the same coding conditions, the proposed method can achieve 13–16 dB higher reconstruction quality than JPEG2000 image coding standard.


Mutations of compact habit of growth were induced in selected apple varieties by acute irradiation with gamma rays from a Co60 source at doses ranging from 3750 rad to 7500 rad. The rate of mutation was high. In trees of the McIntosh variety, repropagated from irradiated material, the percentage of total vegetative (tree or leaf) mutants was 9.8 and the percentage of compact mutants 5.2. The compact mutants were characterized by shortened internodes and reduced tree size. Various degrees of growth reduction were induced by the radiation treatment. Most of the compact mutants produced fruit of an undesirable shape, often flattened, irregular, and grooved. However, mutants were selected which combined the desirable compact growth habit with fruit that was characteristic of the variety.


The advent of molecular analysis for cancer predisposition genes has moved cancer risk assessment into the realm of preventive medicine. The


Recent progress in plasmon-based sensors has greatly overcome the limitations of conventional optical sensors, in terms of sensitivity, tunability, photostability, and in vivo applicability, by employing nanostructured materials. In this review, we summarize three types of plasmon-based nanosensors categorized by the geometries of sensing platforms as plasmonic transducers, which are planar nanofilm, periodic nanoarrays, and individual nanoparticles, respectively. We then introduce the notable accomplishments to enhance the sensing performances for each sensing platform. Additionally, we present recent works for signal enhancement strategy based on the targeted nanoassemblies of particles, which can be applied to all plasmon-based sensing platforms. The focus of this review will be on how plasmonic nanostructures can be applied to detect biological and chemical analytes, and notable approaches to improve the sensitivity.


Testing and disposal of chemical warfare agents, munitions, and industrial chemicals at the J-Field area of the Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG) have resulted in contamination of soil and groundwater. The discharge of contaminated groundwater to on-site marshes and adjacent estuaries poses a potential risk to ecological receptors. The Toxic Burning Pits (TBP) area is of special concern because of its disposal history. This report describes a groundwater modeling study conducted at J-Field that focused on the TBP area. The goal of this modeling effort was optimization of the groundwater extraction system at the TBP area by applying linear programming techniques. Initially, the flow field in the J-Field vicinity was characterized with a three-dimensional model that uses existing data and several numerical techniques. A user-specified border was set near the marsh and used as a constraint boundary in two modeled remediation scenarios: containment of the groundwater and containment of groundwater with an impermeable cap installed over the TBP area. In both cases, the objective was to extract the minimum amount of water necessary while satisfying the constraints. The smallest number of wells necessary was then determined for each case. This optimization approach provided two benefits: cost savings, in that the water to be treated and the well installation costs were minimized, and minimization of remediation impacts on the ecology of the marsh.


This paper suggests method to improve hand gesture recognition rate in limited environment. The system consists of two main stages which are Hand detection and tracking. In Hand detection, hand region is first detected by combining motion and skin color pixels. A region of interest (ROI) is then created in the detected hand region. In tracking stage, skin and motion pixels are scanned around top, left and right corners of the ROI to detect the moving hand in consecutive video frames. These pixels are used to actually measure the ROI position and fed into measurement update of Adaptive Kalman Filter (AKF) operation. The experimental result shows the proposed method has the robust ability to track the moving hand under real life scenarios with average 96.66% result.


Low income is strongly associated with adverse health outcomes. Wealth may be a better marker of resources in late life than income. Our objective was to determine the relationship of wealth with mortality and disability (defined as activity of daily living difficulty) among older adults in the US and England. The US Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and English Longitudinal Study on Ageing (ELSA) are nationally representative cohorts of community-dwell-ing older adults. We examined participants enrolled in HRS (N = 13,533) and ELSA (N = 8,886) in 2002, stratifying our analyses by age (50–64 vs 66–80) as many safety-net pro-grams commence around age 65. Wealth quintile was based on total net-worth in 2002. Participants were followed until 2012 for mortality and disability. We found increased risk of both death and disability as wealth decreased. In the US, participants age 50–64 in the lowest wealth quintile (Q1) (<$38,000) had a 19% risk of mortality and 41% risk of disability while the highest wealth quintile (Q5) participants (>$553,000) had a 6% risk of mortality and 15% risk of disability. In England, 50–64 year olds in Q1 (<£31,015) had a 17% risk of mortality and 39% risk of disability, while Q5 participants (>£303,000) had a 4% risk of mortality and 11% risk of disability. In 66–80 year olds, the absolute risks of mortality and disability were higher, but the risk gradi-ent across wealth quintiles did Current measures are generally based on the concept of multimorbidity as two or more co-occurring chronic diseases, while symptoms and geriatric syndromes are frequently excluded. To better characterize the complexity of multimorbidity, we used a network approach to evalu-ate the co-occurrence of diseases, symptoms, and geriatric syndromes in older adults. We estimated sex-stratified net-works of 26 self-reported diseases, symptoms, and geriatric syndromes in 9,267 participants aged 65+ from the Health and Retirement Study. A network depicts relationships among interacting elements. Diseases, symptoms, and geriatric syndromes were represented as points ("nodes") and pairwise correlations were represented as lines. Network structure was evaluated using centrality measures, crisp clustering, and fuzzy clustering. Cluster analysis grouped strongly co-occur-ring nodes. Crisp clustering placed each node into one group, while fuzzy clustering provided probabilities of belonging to multiple groups. Symptoms and geriatric syndromes played a more important role, measured by degree centrality, in network structure than diseases. Diseases, symptoms, and geriatric syndromes clustered differently in males and females. Fuzzy cluster analysis revealed symptoms and geriatric syndromes were more likely than diseases to occur in multiple clusters. The approach to measuring multimorbidity based solely on diseases likely underestimates complexity by dis-regarding symptoms and geriatric syndromes. The network approach revealed how diseases, symptoms, and geriatric syndromes commonly co-occur in older adults. This work illustrates the potential of network methods to improve the measurement of multimorbidity in older adults.


Sol-gel derived high surface area carbon-ruthenium xerogels were prepared from carbonized resorcinol-formaldehyde resins containing an electrochemically active form of ruthenium oxide. The electrochemical capacitance of these materials increased with an increase in the ruthenium content indicating the presence of pseudocapacitance associated with the ruthenium oxide undergoing reversible faradaic redox reactions. A specific capacitance of 197 F/g (single electrode) was obtained from the carbon xerogel containing 14 wt% Ru. This material was electrochemically stable showing no change in a cyclic voltammogram for over 2000 cycles.


European relations, in particular the confrontation of indigenous and Christian cosmologies and emerging hybridity at their fringes. Like Barth, she makes a plea for an anthropology that is more open to indigenous (i.e. relational) epistemic styles and is less influenced by the taken-for-granted assumptions of our own (i.e. analytical) common sense. Both authors may be right in their critique. Yet, a theory of boundaries cannot do without analytic and comparative concepts that address boundary behavior in different cultural contexts. The contribution by Veena Das, who deals with gender and narratives of violence in Punjabi families in Delhi, is not only difficult to make sense of but also hard to connect to the book's overarching theme. Robert Paine offers a clear and refined analysis of the reversal of positions in the politics of identity formation in Australia and Canada. The Aboriginals, previously dominated, despised, and deprived by the white settlers, have become the model of authenticity in an age in which ethnicity is a ground for claiming rights, leaving the ex-colonizers (regardless of class, education, and power?) in confusion as to the authenticity of their own identity. James Fernandez's essay is rich in propositions and arguments but somewhat thin in ethnographic evidence. He argues that the experience of peripherality in two regions of the 'Celtic fringe', Asturias and Scotland, shapes their sense of identity. He also assumes that centres need peripheries, not only for their own identity but because there is always something to be learned from the peripheries. What this 'peripheral wisdom' consists of is not clear. He mentions wisdom about the constructedness and permeability of boundaries. One wishes ethnographic evidence for these assertions had been more fully presented. Cohen also deals with peripherality in Scotland, not as a fact but as a perception and representation. He rehearses his argument that national identity is mediated through the self. This 'personal nationalism' is held to make the substance of nationalism 'ungeneralizable, almost incomprehensible to outsiders, and very difficult to assimilate to an argument of material interests.' (p. 163). This book makes it clear that identity, the politics of inclusion and exclusion, and the contestation of values constitute one of the most pressing political issues of the contemporary world. It is strong in dealing with identity as representation but it fails in exploring identification in relation to the tapping of material resources. The different ways in which meaning and values interface with power constitute the major theoretical challenge of future identity research. Henk Driessen Institute for Cultural Anthropology University of Nijmegen [email: email@example.com]


Textile MSMEs are characterized by their high influence on the economy of the countries, both for their contribution to the gross domestic product as well as for the generation of employment, in recent years the complexity of their operations, instability and lack of balance between economic, environmental and social factors, axes of sustainable development, stand out. It is necessary to implement approaches such as sustainable manufacturing and production planning, which seeks the creation of products with minimal environmental impact, safe for workers, and economically robust. In this context, this study aims to develop a multi-objective optimization model that enhances sustainable production planning in textile MSMEs. The methodology is based on two phases, the first one focused on the acquisition of information and the second one dedicated to the mathematical formulation of the model, where three objective functions focused on economic, environmental and social factors are proposed. The model is validated with real data from a textile MSME in Ecuador and different production alternatives are generated by proposing the implementation and use of photovoltaic energy as well as a greater use of personal protective equipment. One of the relevant conclusions of the study is the contribution to the textile industry with a sustainable decision support tool, where different scenarios for production planning and their respective economic, environmental and social consequences are shown.


The invention relates to a method for producing an aromatic carbonate by oxidative carbonylation of an aromatic hydroxy compound with carbon monoxide and oxygen in the presence of a platinum metal catalyst, a co-catalyst, a base and optionally, a quaternary salt, and an inert inorganic solvent. In the reaction conditions, the inert inorganic solvent forms an azeotrope with the water that is produced during the reaction, and this azeotrope is removed from the reaction mixture.


This paper proposes a simplified near optimal control (NOC) scheme to reject the disturbances of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives by minimizing the complex calculations in the Taylor series method required for solving the state-dependent Riccati equation (SDRE). Since the speed tracking performance of an IPMSM can be significantly degraded in the presence of the disturbances owing to the practical factors (e.g., external load torque, parameter uncertainties, and so on), an SDRE-based near optimal disturbance observer (NODO) is designed to accurately estimate and reject the disturbances associated with the speed and current in the feedforward control. The state-dependent coefficient matrices of the IPMSM are rearranged in the controller and observer to minimize the complex offline calculations of the Taylor series method used to solve the SDRE. By significantly simplifying the calculations, the proposed SDRE-based NOC scheme can be efficiently applied to the IPMSM drives. To verify the precise and robust control performance of the proposed NODO-based near optimal speed controller, experiments are conducted via a prototype IPMSM drive system with a TI-TMS320F28335 DSP under different disturbances. Finally, the comparative experimental results with the conventional NOC are presented under load change and wide speed range conditions.


For three‐dimensional (3D) shape measurement using fringe projection techniques, the information about the 3D shape of an object is encoded in the phase of a recorded fringe pattern. The paper proposes a high‐order instantaneous moments based method to estimate phase from a single fringe pattern in fringe projection. The proposed method works by approximating the phase as a piece‐wise polynomial and subsequently determining the polynomial coefficients using high‐order instantaneous moments to construct the polynomial phase. Simulation results are presented to show the method's potential.


Thispaperdescribed themobileintelligent controller providing anautomatic homeservice basedonauser's preference at a smarthome.We presented thesystem architecture and theclassdiagramof mobileintelligent controller forconsumer electronics. Also, weimplemented ECG sensor, environment sensorandconsumerelectronics device driver forexperiment. We applied different importance of contexts according tocharacteristics ofconsumerelectronics. Andwetested theperformance ofmobile intelligent controller forconsumer electronics services. Thetesting result showsthat themobile intelligent controller predicts theservice ofconsumer electronics effectively. I.INTRODUCTION TheUbiquitous Computing Environments consist ofalarge number ofautonomous agents that worktogether totransform physical spaces into smart andinteractive environments (1). In ordertoimplementing theubiquitous space, context-aware middleware isneeded. We define thecontexts asthelocation oftheuser, theidentity ofpeople andphysical objects that are useful forbuilding context-aware middleware (2). A context- awaremiddleware predicts properconsumerelectronics services fortheuserusing allcontexts that areacquired at home.Environments thatcontext-aware middleware is embodied isknownassmart home(3). Thesmart homeisnot onlymakeshomelife morefunandconvenient, butcan enhance homesafety aswell. We present themobile consumer electronics controller tocontrol consumer electronics services intelligently atthesmarthome.Themobileintelligent controller takes charges oftherole that learns all contexts and predicts electronics service fortheuserinmobilehome network environment.We embodied ECG (Electrocardiogram) sensorto acquire user's pulseand


Physiological sensors are gaining the attention of manufacturers and users. As denoted by devices such as

smartwatches or the newly released Kinect 2 – which can covertly measure heartbeats – or by the popularity

of smartphone apps that track heart rate during fitness activities. Soon, physiological monitoring could become

widely accessible and transparent to users. We demonstrate how one could take advantage of this situation

to increase users' engagement and enhance user experience in human-agent interaction. We created an experimental

protocol involving embodied agents – "virtual avatars". Those agents were displayed alongside a

beating heart. We compared a condition in which this feedback was simply duplicating the heart rates of users

to another condition in which it was set to an average heart rate. Results suggest a superior social presence of

agents when they display feedback similar to users' internal state. This physiological "similarity-attraction"

effect may lead, with little effort, to a better acceptance of agents and robots by the general public.


Power transistors delivering 8‐A pulses of 2‐msec width are used to drive low impedance coils in Ross and Barksdale valves. Unijunction transistors and Thyristors are used to replace all relays and lamp flasher elements in compact, reliable alarm units of new design. Life tests equivalent to many years operation at accelerator sites have been carried out. There has not yet been any failure in operation.


Three sphinctozan sponges: Amblysiphonella sp., Colospongia sp. and the new species Deningeria iannacei n. sp., are described from a loose boulder derived from Triassic dolomites ("Dolomia principale") of the Argentino valley in Northern Calabria (Southern Italy). All three genera are reported for the first time from Calabria. The sphinctozoans are associated with other sponges (inozoans, "sphinctozoans," "hydrozoans", chaetetids), "microproblematica", foraminifers, abundant worm tubes, biogenic crusts, and rare dasycladacean algae. The age of the association is referred to Upper Triassic (Norian-Rhaetian) on the basis of its similarity to the classic reef assemblages of Upper Triassic in the Tethys realm and by the close proximity of the boulder to the well dated (macrofauna) outcropping Upper Triassic carbonate successions.


SMEs in Pakistan are not performing according to their potential. Besides other factors,they do not have a well-structured rewards package, due to which the employee motivationand commitment are low. Thus, we have developed a new model to examine the effectof rewards and packages on employee commitment and motivation. We have recruitedsix enumerators to collect the data from the target population. The enumerators havedistributed 400 questionnaires, and they received 385 filled questionnaires. The authorshave used Smart PLS version 3.2 for statistical analysis. The developed model has five directand two mediating relationships. We found support for all hypotheses. The results suggestthat financial and non-financial rewards affect employee commitment and motivation.Commitment stimulates motivation. Also, employee commitment mediates (1) nonfinancialreward and motivation and (2) financial-reward and motivation. The findings are consistent with the past literature. SMEs in Pakistan do not have a well-structured HRdepartment, and they make reward-related decisions arbitrarily. Thus, we recommend thatSMEs develop a policy for rewards that is rational and unbiased. We also recommend thatthey should balance non-financial and financial rewards.


Resveratrol, a dietary product present in grapes, vegetables and berries, regulates several signaling pathways that control cell division, cell growth, apoptosis and metastasis. Malignant melanoma proliferates more readily in comparison with any other types of skin cancer. In the present study, the anti-cancer effect of resveratrol on melanoma cell proliferation was evaluated. Treating A375SM cells with resveratrol resulted in a decrease in cell growth. The alteration in the levels of cell cycle-associated proteins was also examined by western blot analysis. Treatment with resveratrol was observed to increase the gene expression levels of p21 and p27, as well as decrease the gene expression of cyclin B. In addition, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were confirmed at the cellular and protein levels using a 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay, TUNEL assay and western blot analysis. Resveratrol induced the ROS-p38-p53 pathway by increasing the gene expression of phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, while it induced the p53 and ER stress pathway by increasing the gene expression levels of phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2α and C/EBP homologous protein. The enhanced ROS-p38-p53 and ER stress pathways promoted apoptosis by downregulating B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression and upregulating Bcl-2-associated X protein expression. In conclusion, resveratrol appears to be an inducer of ROS generation and ER stress, and may be responsible for growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest of A375SM melanoma cells.


Objective:To observe the nursing intervention measure cooperated with Chinese and Western medicine treatment for postpartum retention of urine.Methods:138 cases of patients with postpartum retention of urine in our hospital were divided into the observation group(69 cases) and the control group(68 cases) by the hospital stays,according to priority.The observation group used the nursing intervention measure cooperated with Chinese and Western medicine treatment,the control group used the pure cooperation of Chinese and Western medicine treatment,compared the voluntarily urination situation of the two groups after retention of urine.Results:Through nursing intervention measure cooperated with Chinese and Western medicine treatment,voluntarly urination rate was 90%,but the pure cooperation of Chinese and Western medicine treatment,of which the urination rate was 70%.Conclusion:The nursing intervention measure cooperated with Chinese and Western medicine treatment for postpartum retention of urine,which effect is better than the cooperation of Chinese and Western medicine treatment(P0.01).


Abstract:This article attempts to reconcile two experiences, two truths, that seem fundamentally opposed to one another and that lie, respectively, at the center of Western culture on the one hand and Buddhist philosophy on the other: the reality of the self and the doctrine of no-self. Buddhism promises a form of spiritual equanimity that turns on the denial of a self. Nonetheless, there seem to be good reasons to hold onto the reality of the self. The existence of a self enables us to account for praise and blame, the hopes for oneself that motivate actions, and attachments to the selves of others in bonds of love and affection. I show how it may be possible to reconcile the reality of the self with a particular interpretation of the no-self doctrine by engaging with the work of thinkers from the phenomenological tradition such as Merleau-Ponty, Zahavi, Kimura, Gallagher, and Petitmengin.


In the mosquito Aedes aegypti, the expression of two fat body genes involved in lipid metabolism, a lipid carrier protein lipophorin (Lp) and its lipophorin receptor (LpRfb), was significantly increased after infections with Gram (+) bacteria and fungi, but not with Gram (–) bacteria. The expression of these genes was enhanced after the infection with Plasmodium gallinaceum. RNA interference (RNAi) knockdown of Lp strongly restricted the development of Plasmodium oocysts, reducing their number by 90%. In Vg-ΔREL1-A transgenic mosquitoes, with gain-of-function phenotype of Toll/REL1 immune pathway activated after blood feeding, both the Lp and LpRfb genes were overexpressed independently of septic injury. The same phenotype was observed in the mosquitoes with RNAi knockdown of Cactus, an IκB inhibitor in the Toll/REL1 pathway. These results showed that, in the mosquito fat body, both Lp and LpRfb gene expression were regulated by the Toll/REL1 pathway during immune induction by pathogen and parasite infections. Indeed, the proximal region of the LpRfb promoter contained closely linked binding motifs for GATA and NF-κB transcription factors. Transfection and in vivo RNAi knockdown experiments showed that the bindings of both GATA and NF-κB transcription factors to the corresponding motif were required for the induction of the LpRfb gene. These findings suggest that lipid metabolism is involved in the mosquito systemic immune responses to pathogens and parasites.


The present paper was planned for this issue of our journal, which Geoffrey Leech and I intended to devote to Politeness phenomena across cultures. It is based on his article titled "Politeness: Is there an East-West Divide?" (2005) which he suggested as a theoretical framework and includes results of our discussions held during our personal meetings and our epistolary exchange. Unfortunately the final version of the paper was never read by Geoffrey Leech for the reasons we all sadly know. Nevertheless I decided to publish it as a tribute to him in the knowledge that the result was not going to have the degree of excellence it would have had if he were still with us today. I therefore apologise for any mistakes or misinterpretations of his thoughts that might be found in the paper.


The ability to create pedagogically driven, activity oriented personalized eLearning is a key factor in the success of future eLearning. The ability to empower course developers with intuitive environments which provide pedagogic, subject matter, activity and personalization support during the process of creating a personalized course is fundamental to the adoption of adaptive educational hypermedia systems. The ability to support the output of standards conformant educational experiences is a key enabler in the integration of adaptive educational systems and services within existing educational infrastructures. This paper describes the evaluation of the Adaptive Course Construction Toolkit (ACCT) [3], an environment that supports the rapid composition of pedagogic and active personalized eLearning


Abstract We study the motion of gap solitons in two models of apodized nonlinear fibre Bragg gratings (BGs), with the local reflectivity k varying along the fibre. A single step of k, and a periodic array of alternating steps with opposite signs (a 'Bragg superstructure') are considered. These structures may be used in the design of various optical elements employing the gap solitons. A challenging possibility is to slow down and eventually halt the soliton by passing it through a step of increasing reflectivity; thus capturing a pulse of standing light. First, we develop an analytical approach, assuming adiabatic evolution of the soliton, and making use of the energy conservation and balance equation for the momentum. Comparison with simulations shows that the analytical approximation is quite accurate, unless the inhomogeneity is too narrow, or the step is too high: the soliton is either transmitted across the step or bounces back from it. If the step is narrow, systematic simulations demontrate that the soliton splits into transmitted and reflected pulses (splitting of a BG soliton which hits a chirped grating was observed in experiments). Moving through the periodic 'superstructure', the soliton accumulates distortion and suffers radiation loss if the structure is composed of narrow steps. The soliton moves without any loss or irreversible deformation through the array of sufficiently broad steps.


If there is one practice tip I can share with you, one idea that has made more of a difference in my veterinary practice than any drug or procedure, it is this: Attitudes influence events in your life, and no one can alter your attitudes without your permission. Good attitudes can actually attract good events. Positive attitudes produce positive experiences. Attitudes come from a state of mind that you can learn to alter and control in just a few minutes.


Introduction. Complete adherence to early goal-directed therapy has shown a significant reduction in28-day mortality rate, whereas partial adherence has not shown beneficial effect. Objectives. The effect of adherence to 6 hour sepsis bundle treatment was evaluated on patients withsevere sepsis and septic shock. Materials and methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted during a six-month period. Thepatients were limited to those 16 years or older and included admissions to intensive care units, specialcare units or emergency departments with severe sepsis or septic shock. The adherence to the 6-hoursepsis bundle was evaluated through 8 interventions as follows: (1) serum lactate measure,( 2) earlyantibiotic administration, (3) blood culture samples, (4) infusion of intravenous fluids, (5) vasopressoruse, (6) central venous catheter, (7) central venous pressure >8 mm Hg, and (8) central venous oxygensaturation >70%. Results. Seven hundred and twenty three patients were screened; 16% (n=116) met the inclusioncriteria; 92.2% (n=107) met the criteria for severe sepsis and 37.9% (44) for septic shock; 62.9% (n=73)were subdiagnosed. Complete adherence to the 8 interventions of 6-hour sepsis bundle was 0%; 6 to7 (19%, n=22), 3 to 5 (67.2%, n=78), and 0 to 2 (98.3%, n=114). Conclusion. Adherence to 6-hour sepsis bundle treatment for severe sepsis and septic shock was notdone for the full 8 interventions and only partial accomplishment of the first 4 interventions. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v32i3.349


Chuang-tzu in the framework of a clear and important problem. The remaining essays are, unfortunately, unable to overcome the vagueness of their agendas. A number have a loose thematic resonance, descanting on the motifs of play and relativism in the text, but they do not bring unity to the volume, and the "experimental" rubric may have encouraged contributors to be content with rather sketchy thinking. Studies that compare Chuang-tzu with Erasmus (Victor Mair), or read Chuang-tzu through the eyes of Hans-Georg Gadamer (Michael Crandall), or make Chuang-tzu a rather gruesome mystic Whorfian (Lee Yearley) all contain some ideas of value, but they fail to be very enlightening from a sinological standpoint or very exciting philosophically. Nor could I find a rationale for including Michael Saso's largely unedited fieldnotes on the use of the Chuang-tzu in contemporary Taiwanese Taoism in a volume meant to appeal to nonspecialists. An exploration of the Chuang-tzu's metaphor of the mind as a mirror (Harold Oshima) and a meditation by physicist Hideki Yukawa complete the selection of essays. The collection includes a pleasant foreword by Burton Watson and a bibliography of translations of the Chuang-tzu prepared by Hellmut Wilhelm.


Concentrated firm-specific agent risk bearing is argued to impose costs on shareholders because the risk averse agent is less willing to take risks than their risk neutral shareholders (principals)...


Spin-relaxation effects are generally believed to have a strong influence on giant magnetoresistance of ferromagnetic/noble-metal multilayers. We have measured current perpendicular to plane magnetoresistances (CPP MR's) of sputtered Co/${\mathrm{Cu}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Ni}}_{\mathit{x}}$ multilayers with x=0.06, 0.10, 0.14, and 0.23. Our results indicate that the spin-diffusion length of CuNi is reduced as the concentration of Ni increases. Spin-diffusion lengths obtained from fitting the CPP MR to Valet-Fert theory are in a good agreement with theoretical calculations from spin-orbit scattering. Assuming that the permalloy(Py)-Cu interface in Py/Cu multilayers resembles a CuNi alloy, we can conclude that there will be spin-flip scattering at a Py-Cu interface, but we expect its effect on the MR to be small. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.


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Older people from black and minority ethnic groups are more anxious about dying than others. The more extensive their family support, the more likely they are to express their fears.


The purpose of this study was to suggest a standard design procedure of landfarming for clean-up of oil-contaminated soils. The standard design procedure consisted of four main phases; soil characterization, determination of contaminated soil volume, determination of nutrient and microbial doses, and estimation of the total remedial period. This study selected standard design parameter values or ranges among various forms used in environmental engineer communities. Those were determination procedures for the contaminated soil volume, the initial contamination concentration and nutrient doses. The suggested standard design procedure were applied for a landfarm design for remediation of a real oil-contaminated site. Soil texture of the site was classified as sandy clay loam and sandy loam. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus were estimated to be 57.01 mg/kg and 83.40 mg/kg, respectively. Also the viable bacterial numbers was assessed to be 1.78 × 10 CFU/g dry soil. The amount of TPH contaminated soil was estimated to be 4,092 m. With the application of remedial factors, it was estimated that the contaminated soil could be treated through 9 batches with a duration of 315 days for a landfarming unit of 15 m × 40 m × 1 m. The amount of liquid microorganisms and fertilizers were recommended to be 4,025L and 4,641kg, respectively.


: Hypercholesterolemia is a condition characterized by high levels of cholesterol in the blood. Vanilla is one among plants that has cholesterol-lowering substances, but research on this subject is still lacking. This study aimed to determine whether ethanol fruit extract vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) can be used as anti-hypercholesterolemia in mice induced by quail egg suspension. Male mice (n=20) were divided into five groups. Group-1 (negative control) was given only high-fat quail egg yolks suspension. Group-2 (positive control) was treated with simvastatin at the dose of 10 mg/kg. Whereas group-3, 4 dan 5 were given vanilla extract of 50, 100, dan 200 mg/kg body weight respectively. The results showed that ethanol fruit extract of vanilla at the dose of 200 mg/kg significantly reduced level of blood cholesterol compared with that of negative control. It is worth concluding that vanilla fruit extract potential to be used as anti-hypercholesterolemia.