The realists and liberalists understand the world from different perspectives and tend to explain the whole world in a divergent way. Here comes the eternal question of the academic circle. Who can explain the world better, realists or liberalists? This question is significant because it helps us to comprehend how world politics function and the current political dilemmas better. We argue that realism can explain history better than liberalism. Constant competitions were always presented through the frequent conflicts between countries. It is an irreversible and most unpreventable nature of the world. Through studying the theories, we are able to examine the world more systematically and logically. The classifications of the subject rationale the complicated and distinct historical events. Moreover, following the steps and various ideas of former scholars allows us to develop our own understanding of the world and determine our perspective.


This aimed to species identification and tree-ring dating of wooden elements used in the Myeongjeong-gate of the Changgyeong-palace, Seoul, Korea. Of the 79 wooden elements evaluated, 78 were confirmed to be hard pines and one belonged to Abies spp.. Cores of the wooden elements were collected using a drill for tree-ring dating, and ring-width plots of individual samples were constructed using the TSAP software. The tree-ring dating results for the outermost ring of 58 hard pine wooden elements revealed the following felling dates: early spring of 1604-late fall of 1615, late fall of 1706-early spring of 1707, and late fall of 1828-late fall of 1834. The obtained felling dates of the 1600s and 1800s were found to be consistent with those in the construction and repair records of the Annals of Joseon Dynasty, Gwanghaegun's Diary and Changgyeonggung Yeonggeondogam Uigwe. However, the obtained felling dates of the 1700s were not consistent with those in the construction and repair records. Therefore, additional confirmation of repairs that were not included in the records was possible using tree-ring dating.


Aims: To establish population normal values and compare the diagnostic value of antibodies against streptokinase (ASK), streptolysin O (ASO) and deoxyribonuclease B (ADNaseB) singularly and in combinations in acute and post‐streptococcal disease. Methods: A retrospective analysis of serological results was performed to define population norms. Subjects with acute culture‐confirmed infection and post‐streptococcal disease were assessed using population norms, as were matched controls. The sensitivity and specificity of each antibody assay and of combinations of the different assays were calculated. Results: Age specific population normal values were derived from 2321 specimens. None of the three antibodies alone or in combination was a reliable marker of acute streptococcal infection. The sensitivity and specificity of a single antibody titre in post‐streptococcal disease ranged from 70.5 to 72.7% and 86.4 to 93.2%, respectively. The combination of ASO and ADNaseB was the most sensitive and specific combination for identifying post‐streptococcal disease (sensitivity 95.5%, specificity 88.6%). Conclusions: In the diagnosis of acute and post‐streptococcal disease, the addition of ASK does not increase the sensitivity or specificity of serological testing. A combination of ASO and ADNaseB is required in post‐streptococcal disease to achieve maximum sensitivity and specificity.


Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) is a composite material made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibers.FRP materials posses' superior mechanical properties like ability to carry loads, impact resistance, strength and stiffness. E-glass and carbon fiber FRP were selected for the present investigation. About 21nos. of plain concrete column specimens, 6 nos. of plain concrete beam specimens along with 4 concrete cubes were tested. M 20 grade of concrete was used to cast the above specimens. Single wrapping and double wrapping were the parameters for column specimens and wrapping in flexural zone only and wrapping in flexural zone and U clamp were the parameters for the beam specimens. The columns were tested for their compressive strength while the beams were tested for their flexural strengths under two point loading systems. The present investigation is to compare the enhancement of strength of plain columns and beams with E-glass and Carbon fibers.


To study the circulation in the retinal vessels in patients with blood dyscrasia due to myeloproliferative neoplasms using non‐invasive retinal imaging.


In this paper, the principle of manufacture bilirubin are summarized. The method and technological process of an direct and rapid extraction of bilirubin are introduced in detail. It is an excellent method of extraction of bilirubin. It is good for the village and town enterprises.


The achievements in theoretical and applied research on the semi solid forming technology are summarized,including non dendritic structure developing,rheological behavior,billet making and forming technology.The present situation and the trend of the future development are analyzed and discussed.Based on the economy and the needs of market,production cost on semi solid forming technology is analyzed,and promising prospects of the application of the technology in automobile industry are pointed out .


Objective:To discuss the nosogenesis and remedy of spontaneous hemopneumothorax.Methods:Two closed-type drainage tubes with vacuum aspiration were inserted into pleural cavity.One was inserted into the second intercostal space to release air and the other was inserted into the eighth intercostal space to drain fluid.Results:The follow-up results of 20 cases are satisfactory,without recurrence.Condusion:Double-tube vacuum aspiration is a safe and effective way to treat spontaneous hemopneumothorax.


e13051 Background: The group of HER2-negative accounts for 70-80% of breast cancer and effective treatments for heavily pretreated patients with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer are urgently needed. Eribulin mesylate is a non-taxane microtubule dynamics inhibitor with a distinct mode of action which can be used as a chemotherapeutic agent for HER2-negative breast cancer after failure of anthracycline and taxanes treatments. Anlotinib is a novel multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting VEGFR, PDGFR, FGFR, and c-Kit. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined treatment with eribulin and anlotinib in patients with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (NCT04624711). Methods: This open-label, single-arm, phase II study enrolled females with HER2-neagtive breast cancer who underwent ≥1 line chemotherapy, including anthracyclines and taxanes, for metastatic breast cancer. Patients with hormone receptor positive breast cancer have underwent ≥1 line endocrine therapy. All patients were treated with Eribulin mesylate (1.4mg/m2, administered intravenously on Days 1 and 8 of each 21 day cycle) and anlotinib (12mg, qd, administered orally on Days 1-14 of each 21 day cycle). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS) and safety. Results: From November 2020 to February 2022, 25 patients were enrolled in this study. Median follow-up was 3.45 months (95% CI 3.16-5.06). Median PFS was 4.6 months (95% CI 3.55-5.65). Of all the patients whose efficacy could be evaluated (21/25), no patient achieved complete response (CR); 9 (40.91%) and 10 (45.45%) patients got partial response (PR) and stable disease (SD), respectively. ORR was 40.91% and DCR was 86.36%. OS has not reached. The major treatment-related adverse events (incidence≥10%) were neutropenia(48.00%), anemia(37.93%), platelet count decreased (34.48%), fatigue (31.03%), hypoalbuminemia (20.69%), constipation (13.79%), elevated lactate dehydrogenase(13.79%), lymphocyte count decreased (10.34%) and hypertriglyceridemia (10.34%). The most common grade 3/4 adverse events were neutropenia (20.00%). 16.00% (4/25) of patients had dose reductions. Conclusions: The combination of eribulin and anlotinib showed a better treatment response and tolerable toxicity in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients. Further studies enrolling more patients are still needed. Clinical trial information: NCT04624711.


In 2013, RIVM investigated how people, living in the vicinity of railways, experience vibrations due to trains. As a follow-up, and in response to questions from Parliament on the expansion of the Dutch rail network, the Secretary of State of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water
 management commissioned a second study and a repeated measurement of the persons who participated in 2013. This abstract focusses on the second study. The most important objective of this study was to derive exposure-response relationships between exposure to vibrations caused by trains and
 annoyance and sleep disturbance. The results are important for the further development of policy, and possibly also regulations, on railway vibration in The Netherlands. For this second study, 16.000 people living within 300 meters of a railway track were invited to participate. By means of
 an online questionnaire, that was administered in September 2021, information was gathered about annoyance, sleep disturbance due vibrations and noise from trains and the determinants of those. The participants' exposure to vibrations from trains was estimated by means of an improved version
 of the Dutch calculation model for railway vibrations n (OURS). During the conference, the first findings will be presented.


Data are presented on the form of the spectral distribution of pulses generated by the SNM-11 and SNM-12 boron courters, SNM-18 helium courters, and the KNT-31 fission chamber during irradiation with a thermal neutron flux. Data are also preserted on charge magnitude in the pulse and the pulse furm. These data can be of interest fur the development of thermal neutron detectors. (tr- auth)


Purpose
Few studies exist which delve into the possible factors that prevent ethically minded consumers from translating their ethical perceptions into ethical purchase intention (EPI). Thus, this study aims to explore how consumers assess corporate social responsibility (CSR) based on several influencing factors toward EPI, with CSR skepticism (SKP) as a moderator.

Design/methodology/approach
This cross-sectional study is conducted through a self-administered questionnaire and uses a positive research approach with a quantitative basis of enquiry. The partial least squares–structural equation modeling- model is used to examine the causal relationship between seven independent variables of CSR assessment (i.e. CSR awareness, knowledge of CSR position of company, cause importance, price consciousness, CSR image of company, credibility of CSR efforts and peer influence) with EPI. In addition, this study also examines the moderating effect of SKP in the relationship.

Findings
The findings show that CSR assessment factors are important to convert mere purchase criteria into EPI and SKP does play a significant role in weakening the relationship.

Originality/value
This study examines the moderating effect of CSR skepticism, the exploration of which still remains very limited in current literature.


This paper reports the isolation of a series of new coordination compounds formed with the terdentate ligand 2,4,6-tri(2?-pyridyl)- 1,3,5-triazine (tpt) and various bivalent cobalt salts. The stereochemistries of these compounds are proposed after consideration of their elementary analyses, visible solid and solution spectra, infrared spectra, magnetic moments, and thermogravimetric studies. The chelates obtained include octahedral bis-complexes of the type [Co tpt2]X2 (where X = Cl, Br, I, CNS, ClO4, NO3, BF4, or BPh4) and five- coordinate mono-complexes of the type CoXz tpt (where X = Cl, Br, I, or NCS). A third dimeric form is also reported of general formula Co2X4 tpt,nH2O (where X = Cl, n = 0 or I; X = Br, n = 0 or 2). In this latter form the ligand appears to function as a composite of both terpyridine and bipyridine, showing simultaneous terdentate and bidentate behaviour, with one cobalt atom in either a five-coordinate or six- coordinate environment, and the other metal atom involved in tetrahedral coordination. In general the compounds formed are high-spin with normal room- temperature magnetic moments. The single exception is the red octahedral complex [Co tpt2]Cl2, 8.5H2O, which has a room-temperature moment of only 4.0 B.M.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To contain a large number of I/O terminals, in correspondence with miniaturization, high integration and making sophisticated function of semiconductor chip by employing a stiffened substrate sheet having a part which extends to the outer circumferential fringe on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip. SOLUTION: Since a stiffened core layer 16 is present in a semiconductor package 1, a substrate extension part 19 extending to the outside of the outer circumferential fringe on the upper surface of a semiconductor chip 40 can be sustained in stiffened state, without requiring any extra stiffener or an extension part supporting means, e.g. a supporting sealing part. Consequently, the extension part 19 of a substrate 10 can be sustained in stiffened state, without being bent during various steps including a solder ball 70 fusing step in the manufacturing process of the semiconductor package. When a stiffened substrate 10 having such an extension part 19 is employed, a large number of I/O terminals, i.e., solder balls 70, can be contained easily through a simple structure which corresponds to miniaturization, high integration and high function of the semiconductor chip.


Chemical properties of the raw materials, used during fabrication of various components for industries are identified normally from manufacturer's test certificates. When a separate representative sample of the component is not available, identification of materials are made directly on the component using portable X-Ray Flourence (XRF) or mobile OES. In order to compare the results of Mobile OES vs Lab OES, Uncertainty in measurements between Lab version and mobile version OES was done for major and minor elements of the SS material samples. A CRM sample conforming to SS304L and SS316L along with one set of SS samples from various projects were selected and the chemical composition of each samples was tested using mobile version OES. The same samples were tested at three different NABL accredited labs at chennai using Lab version. The expanded uncertainty for each method was calculated using standard NABL 141 and results was plotted. It was observed that Uncertainty of the Mobile OES results are very closer to the Lab version for all elements except a slight variation in Cr and Ni by 0.1% in terms of uncertainty. When comparing the actual compositions, the amount of percent composition of the Cr and Ni element is lesser than the lab version values and the variation is within the permitted tolerance values. The study had given valid information for improving confidence and helps to standardize the test procedures for material identification.


The planeness of a plastic part was studied via the function of Moldflow software in analyzing the plastic flow in mould.An optimized design scheme was determined after a comparison and modification of various plans.The application of Moldflow simplifies the design process and traises the efficiency.


Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae), a tree of Brazilian origin, has become a serious weed since its introduction as an ornamental into Florida. During a 14-month survey, Cassani (1986) recorded 115 arthropods, 46 of them phytophagous, associated with this plant in southern Florida. This list did not include any major seed feeders and for this reason, insects which limited seed production were to be given priority in the search for effective natural enemies in Brazil (Bennett et al. in press). A collection of drupes of S. terebinthifolius from Jupiter, Palm Beach County, FL (by DHH) on 23 February 1988, yielded several microhymenoptera which proved to be Megastigmus transvaalensis (Hussey) (Torymidae). Described as Eumegastigmus transvaalensis by Hussey (1956), this genus was placed in synonymy with Megastigmus by Boucek (1978). During March-June 1988, collections, each consisting of several hundred drupes, were made at several other localities in south and central Florida. With the exception of a few emergents from two collections, one from near Miramar, Broward County on 21 March, and one from Key Largo, Monroe County on 22 March, no other specimens of this torymid have been reared. In the United States, Megastigmus transvaalensis has been reported, only from California, from Schinus molle L. (Harper & Lockwood 1961). Our rearings represent the first record for M. transvaalensis from Florida and the first record from S. terebinthifolius in the continental United States. The species is also widespread in the seeds of S. terebinthifolius in Hawaii (E. R. Yoshioka, pers. comm. 1988 and personal observations by FDB in May 1988). M. transvaalensis was described by Hussey based on specimens from seeds of S. molle collected in Pretoria, South Africa. It is also known, from the Canary Islands, from the same host (Grissell 1979). Interestingly, the genus Schinus is "limited in natural distribution to South America", although S. molle extends northward into Mexico (Barkley 1957). Therefore, it might seem questionable to find an endemic, African species of Megastigmus on plants endemic to South America. There are two reasons to believe that M. transvaalensis is an endemic, African species which has host-shifted from native vegetation to introduced Schinus. Firstly, because it is more closely related to species of Old World origin than New World, especially M. rhusi (Hussey) (which may be a synonym) and M. pistaciae (Walker). The former seed feeder attacks Rhus and the latter Pistacia, both of which are related to Schinus in the Anacardiaceae. And secondly, because no Megastigmus species have been reliably reported from South America. Megastigmus mendocinus Kieffer & Joergensen was reported by De Santis (1967) in Argentina, but this is a parasite of cecidomyiids on Solanaceae, a host relationship unknown in Megastigmus.


—ADPLL is contributing great role in advancement in control system and digital communication since 1980. Design of ADPLL with integrated circuit (IC) techniques has made ADPLL very important component. ADPLL is still continuing to give better results. Now a days ADPLL has great contribution in digital communication systems. This paper gives basic details of an ADPLL. It provides brief summary of the basic ADPLL principle applicable to control systems and digital communication. It also reports components of ADPLL and comparison among them.


The island of Elba, under the historical and architectural aspect, is known for the affairs concerning the Grand Ducal fortified town of Cosmopoli (Portoferraio) and for the Napoleonic events. Less known, but of great historical importance, has been the presence of Spanish, during the Tuscan Presidios, between 1557 to 1708. The fortifications of San Giacomo and Focardo in Longone (Porto Azzurro) date back to this period. The article illustrates the latest studies of these two Spanish Seventeenth-Century military architectures: there are summarized below, briefly, the most interesting emerged results, based on documents and cartographies, as well as observing and studying directly the architectures. It concludes with a comparison between some contemporary examples, with the purpose of determining influences and the role of these structures had in development of fortified architecture of XVII century.


New organopolysiloxanes contain units of formula (I), R1 is -CH2CH2- or CH3-CH-; x is 1-4, depending on M; M is H, a 1-4 valent metal ion or NH4. Free valencies of the O atom may be satd. by Si atoms of further gps. of formula (I) and/or by crosslinking bridging gps. of formula MO4/2, R'MO3/2, (R')2MO2/2, AlO3/2 or R'AlO2/2 and/or by unsulphonated phenylene units of formula (II), M is Si, Ti or Zr; R' is Me or Et. Ratio of the sum of Si in (I) and (II): Si, Ti, Zr and Al in the bridging gps. is 1:0-15. When Mx+ is H+, the organopolysiloxane pref. has a H+ capacity of 0.1-3.16 meq/g. of polymer. Organopolysiloxane may be tempered for 1 hr. to 5 days at 100-350 deg.C in air or under a protective gas, at normal or excess pressure, or in vacuo.


The present research account is an investigation on the phytochemical content, antioxidant property an d antibacterial activity of the whole plant crude ext ract of Parthenium hysterophorus. Plant extract we re prepared in ethanol solvent. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of different bio-constituents such as Alk aloids, Phenols, Flavonoids, Steroids, Cardiac Glycosides a nd Carbohydrates was detected in ethanol solvent ex tract. Free radical scavenging assay against the 1, 1-diph enyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) proved the strong ant ioxidant property of the plant. A highest of 89.23±5.40 free adical inhibition was achieved with ethanol extra ct and the value was very close to that obtained with ascorbic acid standard (98.23 ± 5.4). The ethanol extract of whole plant was found to be exhibit staphylococcus aureus, baci llus cereus, salmonella typhi, and klebsiella. The extract and fractionates of fresh leaves of Parthenium hysterop horus showed a significant and remarkable activity agains t all the microorganisms. The findings of the present st udy provided a strong scientific background for rec ognizing this plant as potential medicinal herb used by many loca l tribes of South India.


10Gb/s upstream transmissions in C-band over 40km are demonstrated for symmetric TWDM PON system using tunable DBR lasers. Compared to NRZ, duobinary and PAM-4 signals with direct modulation result in significantly lower dispersion penalty (~1dB).


ABSTRACT: In the post-conflict atmosphere of the Balkans the Wahhabism beganto spread (at the beginning - shyly and with unremarkable number of members which intime began to grow and enrich its extreme Balkan milieu). If ten years ago its followerscould not fill more than one row of believers in the mosques (their place was in the finalrows), today the image has drastically changed in their favor. The situation is rapidlychanging day by day, their numbers in certain areas are increasing with arithmetic progression which creates the opportunity for them to become the dominant groups andthus to quietly "occupy" the mosques in more Balkan cities.With the rapid increase of their structure, they have increased their ambitions andgoals, but also their aggression and aggressive rhetoric, the radicalization of their goals,which opens the way to violence and terrorism of their extreme and radical nuclei. As anillustration of their violent actions in this paper will emphasize a number of interestingevents related to the safety that have occurred in the recent years in the territory fromBosnia to Macedonia.


While there have been substantial advances in the use of anti-platelet therapies (APTs) in many conditions such as acute coronary syndrome and coronary interventions,1 the appropriate management of APT for patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery continues to remain a topic of discussion.With asmanyas one-fifth of the patients requiring noncardiac surgery within 1 year after coronary stent implantation,2weighing the riskof haemorrhagic complications in the peri-operative period against the possible ischaemic complications, especially stent thrombosis after recent coronary stenting, is a critical decision for every physician involved. Our currentguidelinesgenerally donot recommend theuse of aspirin peri-operatively.3 The Perioperative Ischemic Evaluation 2 trial randomized over 10,000 patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery to aspirin or placebo before surgery. Rates ofmyocardial infarction and deathwere not reduced by use of aspirin 30 days after surgery, whereas major bleeding did increase.4However, considering only 23% of included patients had known coronary artery disease and all patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy were excluded in the trial, it is possible that patients with low peri-operative bleeding risk and high thromboembolic risk, might benefit from aspirin peri-operatively.3 For patients on dual APT (DAPT) undergoing surgery, it is indeedrecommended toperformsurgerywithout discontinuation of aspirin or P2Y12 inhibition if surgery is performed within 1 month after bare-metal stent implantation and 3 months after drug-eluting stent implantation. If surgery is planned outside these timeframes, current guidelines uphold a universal approach of 5 days withdrawal for clopidogrel and ticagrelor, and 7 days for prasugrel prior to surgery and to continue aspirin.3,5 For all patients who are at especially high risk for stent thrombosis, bridging strategies can be contemplated.3,5 As it is widely known that individual responses to clopidogrel and platelet function recovery after clopidogrel withdrawal highly vary,6,7 determining the right timing for surgery might be more appropriate with platelet function testing (PFT) that monitors the response of the patient to the withdrawal of clopidogrel exclusively. In patients undergoing coronary revascularization surgery by coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), platelet function monitoring is recommended in current guidelines as anoption for timing of surgery instead of the standard withdrawal period of 5 days for clopidogrel.5,8 Assessment of platelet function predicts peri-operative bleeding in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, as well as reduces blood transfusions and hence might decrease transfusion-related complications, although clinical trials in various settings do not report a beneficial effect on post-operative mortality and surgical reexploration rates.9–12 In a prospective, single-centre nonrandomized study, pre-operative PFT by thrombelastography in order to determine the timing of CABG in patients treated withclopidogrel,wasassociatedwithnoexcessbleedingwhen compared to clopidogrel—naive patients, and let to pre-operative waiting time reduction of 50% as compared to what is recommended in the current guidelines.13However, although PFT is endorsed as a useful tool to determine appropriate timingofcardiac surgery,more research in thisfield isurgently needed as there is still much uncertainty about the optimal tests and cut-off values for determining the timing of surgery. In the previous issue of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Mahla et al present the BIANCA study, a prospective study that examines the association between platelet reactivity to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and bleeding complications in non-cardiac surgery.14 In cardiac surgery, mechanisms of bleeding involve a complex interaction involving among others, hypothermia, excessive fibrinolysis, haemodilution from pump priming and, most importantly, platelet function defects due to cardiopulmonary bypass. While this effect might be absent in non-cardiac surgery, still the assessment of pre-operative platelet functionmay optimize the timing of non-cardiac surgery, and therewith minimize both bleeding and thrombotic complications, as Mahla et al suggest in their article.14


1. The term "Radbruch's formula" commonly referres to Gustav Radbruch's 1946 article Gesetzliches Unrecht und ubergesetzliches Recht ("Statutory Non-Law and Suprastatutory Law"). In this article, Radbruch says: "Preference [in solving the conflict of legal certainty and justice, by Author] is given to the duly enacted law and secured by state power as it is, even when it is unjust and fails to benefit the people, unless its conflict with justice reaches so intolerable a level that statute becomes, in effect 'false law' [unrichtiges Recht] and must therefore yield to justice". (Translated by Stanley L. Paulson) Radbruch's formula in fact comprises two formulae. In addition to the aforementioned first formula – the socalled Unertraglichkeitsthese ("intolerability thesis") – Radbruch had developed another differentiation, the socalled Verleugnungsthese ("disavowal thesis"). Radbruch continues: "Where there is not even an attempt at justice, where equality, the core of justice, is deliberately betrayed in the assurance of positive law, than the statute is not merely 'false law' [unrichtiges Recht], it lacks completely the very nature of law". (Transl. by St. L. Paulson) Both formulae make prescriptive assumptions about statutebased law. The socalled "intolerability thesis" faces the problem of legal validity (Geltung des Rechts), distinguishing statutory law, which is unjust but valid, from statute law, that has lost its


This paper proposes a novel distributed stopping criterion for the well-known Power Iteration method for symmetric Metzler matrices. We provide a bound on the accuracy of the approximations for the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix and its corresponding eigenvector. We apply our result to mitigate virus spreading over a complex network by interconnecting the Power Iteration algorithm together with our recently developed ROBUST BOX-CONSTRAINED GRADIENT FAIRNESS algorithm. This distributed algorithm allows an interconnected group of agents to collectively minimize a global cost function subject to equality and inequality constraints. The Power Iteration and the distributed stopping criterion provides an approximation of the cost functions gradient for each iteration. We show that the interconnection between the two methods is convergent and preserves the convergence properties of the ROBUST BOX-CONSTRAINED GRADIENT FAIRNESS algorithm.


Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have become a unique class of materials with great potential for applications in biomedical and optoelectronic devices. However, conventional QDs contains toxic heavy metals such as Pb, Cd and Hg. Hence, it is imperative to find an alternative material with similar optical properties and low cytotoxicity. Among these materials, CuInS2 (CIS) QDs have attracted a lot of interest due to their direct band gap in the infrared region, large optical absorption coefficient and low toxic composition. These factors make them a good material for biomedical application. This review starts with the origin and photophysical characteristics of CIS QDs. This is followed by various synthetic strategies, including synthesis in organic and aqueous solvents, and the tuning of their optical properties. Lastly, their significance in various biological applications is presented with their prospects in clinical applications.


The highest number of industrial workers who experience Musculoskeletal Disorders is in the garment industry, which is equal to 65.2%. PT. Panen Mas Jogja is a company engaged in the garment sector. PT. Panen Mas Jogja has a production target per day of 720 products for each line. But actually, the average of product that cannot be achieved is 34.32%. Based on the assessment of work posture using REBA method, it is known that 71% of the work elements need improvement, 19% of the work elements may need improvement and 10% of the elements need to be improved immediately. The work element that has the highest risk of posture is then assessed using the NBM questionnaire. Based on the assessment, the work element of taking the product and putting the product in the yarn removal activity have the highest final score of 72. Because these work elements have the same work station, improvement will be made for the yarn removal activity.


The old battlefield is imagined as a mute witness to the horrors and traumas of the war which can nonetheless impart its profound and tragic lesson to those who simply see it. This chapter principally concerns with uncovering and investigating the ex-servicemen?s reaction to the return to the old Western Front. It concentrates on the novels and memoirs of these returning soldiers to discover not only what they found when they went back but why they went. Before looking at the ex-servicemen?s experience, the chapter discusses various different types of visitors that were attracted to the old Western Front. The plans to bring women to the Front to bear witness to this unimaginable landscape were never realized to the full extent proposed by The Daily Telegraph . However those British women who were already in France and Belgium, namely nurses, were given the opportunity of travelling to the old front lines. Keywords: battlefield; British women; ex-servicemen; old front lines; old Western Front; soldiers; The Daily Telegraph


In light of the limitation of traditional hoist brake clearance protection device,a real-time monitoring system based on PCI data acquisition card for brake clearance is designed.Its system principle,hardware and software design are expatiated.The realtime monitoring and alarm of brake clearance and braking torque can be achieved.The structure of the system is simple,the cost is low,the cubage is small,the anti-interference ability is strong.It possesses better promotional value.


Purpose

In sensor-based activity recognition, most of the previous studies focused on single activities such as body posture, ambulation and simple daily activities. Few works have been done to analyze complex concurrent activities. The purpose of this paper is to use a statistical modeling approach to classify them.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the recognition problem of concurrent activities is explored with the framework of parallel hidden Markov model (PHMM), where two basic HMMs are used to model the upper limb movements and lower limb states, respectively. Statistical time-domain and frequency-domain features are extracted, and then processed by the principal component analysis method for classification. To recognize specific concurrent activities, PHMM merges the information (by combining probabilities) from both channels to make the final decision.

Findings

Four studies are investigated to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that PHMM can classify 12 daily concurrent activities with an average recognition rate of 93.2 per cent, which is superior to regular HMM and several single-frame classification approaches.

Originality/value

A statistical modeling approach based on PHMM is investigated, and it proved to be effective in concurrent activity recognition. This might provide more accurate feedback on people's behaviors.

Practical implications

The research may be significant in the field of pervasive healthcare, supporting a variety of practical applications such as elderly care, ambient assisted living and remote monitoring.


Abstract Pearl oysters are among the most important natural resources of the Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia. For over a century and a half, Tuamotuan pearl oysters have been commercially harvested by diving methods. Regulation by the French has allowed intensive exploitation by external extrepreneurs, leading to stock decline. Available archival documentation, primarily in the form of government communications and legal papers, reveals a long history of recurrent struggles involving islanders, external entrepreneurs, and colonial administrations. Today, a new and highly successful pearl farming industry has been developed, but problems have emerged which mirror those in the former diving industry.


M orphological awareness is defined as the capacity to reflect on and explicitly manipulate the smallest meaningful units or morphemes in a word (Carlisle, 1995). It contributes to decoding, word recognition and reading comprehension (Deacon & Kirby, 2004; Joshi, 2016; Joshi, Treiman, Carreker, & Moats, 2008–2009; Nagy, Berninger, & Abbott, 2006; Schiff, 2002, 2003; Schiff, Schwartz, & Nagar, 2011). However, morphological awareness goes far beyond being able to recognize word structure, and is also known to facilitate spelling. Thus, developing children's morphological awareness skills can serve as an effective platform for developing children's spelling abilities. Beyond the sense of ownership, through spelling, children practice breaking words into smaller sound segments and connecting these sounds to letters (Ehri & Wilce, 1987). Through spelling, children become aware of the nature of writing and construct hypotheses regarding the logic of the segments that are represented in print (Martins & Silva, 2006). As children become more proficient in representing sounds in print, resources are available for the higher-level aspects of writing (Graham & Harris, 2000). The role of morphological awareness in children's spelling ability raises some interesting questions such as under what conditions and to what degree do morphological awareness and spelling interact? Does this interaction have a similar pattern across different languages populations? Despite the importance of these questions, there has been less research on these topics than there has been on reading. Because morphological awareness plays a pivotal role in literacy acquisition (Ravid & Schiff, 2006a, 2006b; Roman, Kirby, Parrila, Wade-Woolley, & Deacon, 2009), recent studies have started examining the association between morphological awareness and spelling in special populations (e.g. Casalis, Deacon, & Pacton, 2011; Deacon, Kirby, & Casselman-Bell, 2009; Sénéchal, Basque, & Leclaire, 2006). Some studies have reported deficient morphological processing in dyslexic populations compared to normal readers, indicating that dyslexic readers (adults and children) are likely to be severely deprived in spelling performance in comparison with their age mates, and, in many cases, with younger children of the same reading ability (Raveh & Schiff, 2008; Schiff & Raveh, 2007; Schiff & Ravid, 2007; Schiff, Cohen, Ben-Artzi, Sasson, & Ravid, 2016). The difficulties appear to be most substantial in the spelling of morphologically complex words, particularly derived forms. This deficiency is typically associated with levels of morphological awareness which are low when compared with their age peers but often appropriate for reading age. Other studies have established that morphological knowledge is not absent in dyslexic readers and depends on the language at stake (Deacon, Parrila, & Kirby, 2008; Schiff et al., 2016). Much of this contradicting evidence is primarily based on orthographies with different morphological structures and a range of methodologies. In Hebrew and Arabic, for example, the consonants of the root are intertwined with the phonemes of the word pattern. Unlike base forms in English,


Clean energy has become increasingly important in different countries and Electric vehicle (EV) are commonly viewed as part of the solution. EV sales are steadily increasing and there is now much focus on the infrastructure to charge them. This paper is focused on public and private EV car parks where installing an increasing number of charging stations, with growing power requirements due to faster-charging technology, is a burden to the electrical grid. It is often the case, that for either technical or commercial reasons, that the power feed for the car park is restricted or it is advantageous to dynamically manage the peak power to reduce electrical costs. In this paper, an EV car park is modeled that contains a defined number of rapid chargers with a limited incoming power supply. Using real traffic data simulations, the power feed demand profile can be obtained. This study proposes four methods to manage the charge of EVs when the power feed is limited in capacity resulting in a necessary sharing of power. Simulation results show that by controlling the charge rate of each EV the overall power limits can be met. Furthermore, it is shown that the method chosen can be used to influence the variance in SOC across all EVs.


In this note we will study solution of open bosonic string field theory based on action of operators from chiral algebra of boundary conformal field theory on identity element of string field theory star algebra. We will demonstrate that the string field theory action for fluctuation fields around this classical solution can be mapped to the string field theory action defined through the new boundary conformal field theory that arises from the original one through the marginal deformation inserted on the world-sheet boundary.


Plastic Antibodies for Selective Binding of SARS-CoV-2 Spike In article number 2101925, Alex D. Batista, Beatriz Fresco-Cala, and co-workers design and synthesize the very first silane-based silica core/shell molecularly imprinted polymers using an epitope peptide from SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as a template, which can act as a synthetic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor (ACE2) and bind to SARS-CoV-2. The interactions between the epitope template and the organosilane monomers are predicted via molecular docking simulations.


The Network-on-Chip (NoC) is a promising interconnection for many-core processors. On the NoC-based many core processors, the network performance of multi-thread programs depends on the method of task mapping. In this paper, we propose a pattern-based task mapping method in order to improve the performance of many-core processors. Evaluation of the proposed method using a detailed software simulator reveals an average performance improvement of at least 4.4%, as compared with standard task mapping using NAS parallel benchmarks.


This report demonstrates the ability of folic acid to activate rat liver porphobilinogen-deaminase (PBG -D). Lineweaver-Burk analysis revealed an increase in Vmax (38%) without affecting the Km. In the concentration range assayed, secondary replots of 1/Δslope and 1/Δintersect versus 1/[folic acid] yielded straight lines, indicating the binding of a single molecule of activator to the enzyme PBG-D , with a KA = 1.66 mᴍ. Results presented here show that folic acid acts as a non-essential activator (α = 1; β = 1.6). The activating effect of folic acid has been observed employing the 35-70% ammonium sulphate precipitated fraction, desalted by dialysis or gel filtration, whereas no action was detected when other partially purified PBG -D preparations were utilized as the enzyme source, suggesting either the presence of sites saturated for the activator, or the existence of a different structural protein conformation, or both.


Normally, telescope systems applied for astronomic purposes have rather narrow field. Survey telescopes which are the systems with angular field up to several degrees are applied in several spheres not only for astronomic purposes but also for weather observing, comets and asteroids detecting (asteroid and comet threats or ACT). Systems with relatively small diameters (below 1.5m) are of interest both for ground-based and space instruments. As a rule, such systems should be fast (up to F/3 … F/1.5 and faster). Therefore, the most part of survey telescopes are reflective systems with additional lens correctors. Lens elements in these instruments can lead to some difficulties because the possibility of manufacturing large size lens correctors of the optimal glass sort is not always exist. So, from that point mirror systems can provide more advantages. Mirror systems are also of great interest due to the wide spectrum range used for operation. However, the design of the mirror system that can give both sufficient f-number and large angular field is the complicated and complex task, first of all because of difficulty during the choosing the initial principal scheme. Using the expressions based on the third-order aberration theory several system of survey telescopes were chosen which can provide the needed characteristics. The examples of the schemes are given, including their optical characteristics.


A new fossil record from the southern Middle Atlas spans continuously the last 25 000 years and provides evidence of an increased amount of snow precipitation during the last glacial period and a warm early Holocene with rather dry climate conditions. This environmental reconstruction is based on a multi‐proxy approach that integrates pollen, micro‐charcoals, grain size and geochemical analysis. During the last glacial period we observe a strong presence of aquatic plants species that today flower during late spring and summer. These occurrences are related to an increased amount of snow precipitation on the surrounding mountains which fed the marsh during the summer season. Although the early Holocene reveals a slight and steady expansion of Mediterranean oaks, the semi‐arid Artemisia steppe remained dominant in the landscape until 6.8 ka cal BP. Thus, the early Holocene seems to have been less humid than elsewhere in North Africa. The Atlas cedars began to establish around 6 ka cal BP. This indicates that the amount of annual rainfall increased after the mid‐Holocene. The late Holocene is marked by an increase of fire events, which may be related to a strengthening of the dry season and/or a higher seasonality.


Using documental and comparative analysis,the approaches of transferring rural surplus labor force based on the farmers specialized cooperatives will be discussed.Studies have showed that urbanization is the principle direction of the transferring of rural surplus labor force,but the unemployment of migrant workers which is a result of financial crisis made the rural surplus labor force transferred from rural to urban areas much more difficult.Under this condition,agricultural industrialization is a basic method of transferring the local rural surplus force.Farmers specialized cooperative,the main organization forms of agricultural industrialization,is a perfect carrier of transferring rural surplus force.


At the beginning of the 1940s, Mexico's Migration Service had in its registry of foreigners about 120 Norwegians. Most arrived in the country in the early 1920s and a smaller percentage did so during the following decade.1 The 1930 census recorded only seventy-one nationwide, so generally speaking, in a country with approximately 16.5 million inhabitants, the number of Norwegian immigrants was truly insignificant.2 Indeed, it appears that Mexico was rarely considered as a destination for Norwegians in the early twentieth century, if we compare it with the United States of America or other countries on the American continent, such as Argentina or Chile. The three Norwegians described in this chapter were very different individuals who had very diverse experiences and adventures in a country that was emerging from a revolution and entering its first stage of modernization in the twentieth century. For Mexico, the post-revolutionary years from 1920 to 1940 represented a complex process of establishing peace and entering into a world involved in a debate over socialist and capitalist currents, each with particular hints of pure nationalism. Between outbreaks of violence and recognition of a national art and a vigorous past, which was no less exotic, modern, and eager for discoveries, the three Norwegians knew how to assimilate effectively during those twenty years. Despite their dissimilarities, their Mexican experience


A three-center phenomenological model able to explain, at least from a qualitative point of view, the difference in the observed yield of a particle-accompanied fission and that of binary fission was developed. It is derived from the liquid drop model under the assumption that the aligned configuration, with the emitted particle between the light and heavy fragment is obtained by increasing continuously the separation distance, while the radii of the light fragment and of the light particle are kept constant. During the first stage of the deformation one has a two-center evolution until the neck radius becomes equal to the radius of the emitted particle. Then the three center starts developing by decreasing with the same amount the two tip distances. In such a way a second minimum, typical for a cluster molecule, appears in the deformation energy. Examples are presented for $^{240}$Pu parent nucleus emitting $\alpha$-particles and $^{14}$C in a ternary process.


Studies on the rationale for effective involvement of affected population in resettlement programs have increased significantly in recent years. Yet, practical aspects of handling participation challenges remain under researched. This paper assesses the effectiveness of livelihood-promoting interventions in mining-induced resettlement programs using case evidences from the literature. The paper first reviews the historical background of the concept and other ideas that have come to brand the practice over time. It further justifies the discussion in the context of the mining industry. Thirdly, the paper adopts the concept of territorial governance to provide a theoretical base for the focus of the paper. After the theoretical justification, the paper reviews case evidences in context of engagement prospects and challenges in resettlement programs. Finally, the paper makes suggestions that have policy implications to help better the current resettlement practices.The paper observes that until participation challenges are overcome by resettlement practitioners,mining-induced displacement and resettlement (MIDR) programs cannot revitalise the livelihoods of the affected population as envisioned in resettlement guidelines.


Objective. To explore the relationship between prenatal mercury exposure and infant neuro-developmental outcomes in Zhoushan cohort. Material and methods. 408 mother-infant pairs were enrolled in the cohort of Zhoushan Islands. Prenatal mercury exposure was determined by measuring cord blood mercury(CBHg, Range 1.34-18.34μg/L). Based on their CBHg, children were divided into two groups: 80 in low mercury group (LG, CBHgP80, 8.09μg/L). Children were followed up at 3 (n=149) and 12 (n=123)months mos. of age with evaluated BSID, hair mercury and questionnaire. The association between CBHg concentrations and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3 and 12 months of age was examined by multiple regression analysis with adjustment for confounding variables. Results. The average hair mercury levels were 1058.71±69.58(LG), 1903.06±139.37μg/kg(HG) of 3-month-infant and 906.05±110.26(LG), 1512.41±93.85μg/kg(HG) of 12-month-infant. The hair mercury of 12-month were lower than that of 3-month significantly in both group. MDI of 3-month-infant were 109.01±4.16 of LG, 108.32±4.23 of HG, PDI were 99.91±3.28 of LG, and 98.71±5.21 of HG. MDI of 12-month-infant were 110.60±4.29 of LG, 109.56±4.29 of HG; PDI were 104.06±3.75, and 101.70±3.59 of HG. There were no significant differences of MDI and PDI between the two groups in both ages. At 3 months, high risk factors for MDI were hair mercury of 3 months and head circumference; and those for PDI were hair mercury of 3 months and gender. At 12 months, the high risk factors for MDI scores were hemoglobin of 3 months, age when children stood up and those for PDI were age when children stood up, average times of fish dinners of mother and hemoglobin of 12 months. Conclusions. The hair mercury level was significantly related with CBHg. The mercury exposure level of 12-month-infant was lower than that of 3-month-infant. Prenatal low level mercury exposure had no significantly impacts on infants' development in Zhoushan cohort.


Cancer is a disease of aging, and most people with cancer are older than 65. However, widespread uptake of evidence‐based approaches that facilitate quality care delivery for older adults with cancer are lacking. This project aimed to review National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants funded in the last decade that focused on healthcare delivery in aging and older adults with cancer, and to examine grant‐related characteristics, study designs, and scientific topics included.


It uses system dynamics method to carry out system dynamic simulation found pattern to the socioeconomic development in Changchun.It classified four subsystems-population,resource,industry and society production of Changchun.After that,it has carried on synthetic study to each subsystem,and according to system dynamic simulation curve and data,it also analyzes the outcomes and forecasts the change trends of economic development in the following 15years in Changchun.


Decay rate enhancement of quantum emitters using nanostructures have been widely studied in the last decades, thanks to the development of science and technology of light-matter interaction in nanoscales. Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) as artificial nanostructures providing high photonic density of states (PDOS) are highly promising in this regard. In the present paper, we investigate PDOS of a hyperbolic metamaterial component consisting of 6 alternating gold-alumina layers, using FDTD simulation and the Green's function. Non-radiative and radiative (fluorescence) spontaneous decay rate enhancement of a quantum emitter nearby the structure is calculated. The results indicate the fluorescence enhancement of a factor of 10 having quantum efficiency of about 50 percent.


Material properties of the resin product is controlled in the manufacturing system, by the online process parameter monitoring and control. On-line monitoring and control sikimyeo integrating home position measurement system that can monitor and control the product in the process, any sample material need not be removed from the process. This is an ultrasonic transducer (24, 25), cable, pulse generator, a receiver, a waveform digitizer, signal processor, data processor, a computer, a temperature measuring device 30 and the pressure measuring device ultrasound analyzer system (12, 20) consisting of 31 use. Online real-time ultrasound analyzer system (12, 20) measures the acoustic characteristics of the product (for example, velocity, attenuation), and predicting the properties of the product, by using the relationships derived between the physical properties and acoustic characteristics of the product process provides an analysis of the acoustic characteristics in the control system. Using the difference between the predicted product properties and the desired product attributes to control the process parameters. The process can be used for a variety of chemical process plants.


The United States had developed trade relations with the Dutch East Indies before World War I. In the 1920s, American diplomatic services prepared reports on the economic and political situation in the Dutch colony. The U.S. wanted to defend their interests in the region. In 1949, after several years of attempts to regain power in Indonesia, the Dutch withdrew in the absence of American support. A decade later, suchlike events occurred in connection with Dutch New Guinea.


Methods Students attending five different types of high schools in central Elazig (a city in Turkey) during the 2009–2010 school year constitute the study population. One class was randomly selected from each high school. Out of 650 students, 640 participated in the study. The data were evaluated by using the SPSS program; percentage, mean, and chi-square analyses were used. Findings Of all the students, 41.7% defined the elderly as those who are 60 years of age or older. When asked the question "What does elderliness mean to you?", the majority of the students, 27.2%, responded "peace and resting". The second most common answer, given by 23.6% of students, was "sickness/tiredness"; 16.6% responded "wisdom/experience". Many students (30.3%) stated that the most difficult thing about living with the elderly was their interference in everything; 30.6% of students stated that there was no difficulty at all. According to 42.7% of the students, the greatest problem that the elderly face is health. Of all of the students, 58.3% stated that they feared growing old. Conclusion Our study has concluded the following: 1) High school students have a conventional perception of elderliness and 2) They embrace the elderly and think that perspectives on elderliness will change through education.


Femtosecond laser pulses were focused on the interface of two glass specimens. Proper use of optical and laser processing parameters enables transmission welding. The morphology of the weld cross section was studied using differential interference contrast optical microscopy. In addition, a numerical model was developed to predict the absorption volumes of femtosecond laser pulses inside a transparent material. The model takes into account the temporal and spatial characteristics and propagation properties of the laser beam, and the transmission welding widths were subsequently compared with the absorption widths predicted by the model. The model can lead to the achievement of a desirable weld shape through understanding the effects of laser pulse energy and numerical aperture on the shape of the absorption volume. The changes in mechanical properties of the weld seams were studied through spatially resolved nanoindentation, and indentation fracture analysis was used to investigate the strength of the weld seams.


Matching algorithms are commonly used to predict matches between items in a collection. For example, in 1:1 face verification, a matching algorithm predicts whether two face images depict the same person. Accurately assessing the uncertainty of the error rates of such algorithms can be challenging when data are dependent and error rates are low, two aspects that have been often overlooked in the literature. In this work, we review methods for constructing confidence intervals for error rates in matching tasks such as 1:1 face verification. We derive and examine the statistical properties of these methods and demonstrate how coverage and interval width vary with sample size, error rates, and degree of data dependence using both synthetic and real-world datasets. Based on our findings, we provide recommendations for best practices for constructing confidence intervals for error rates in matching tasks.


The development of Integrated Chassis Control (ICC) systems is a major area of current interest in automotive research. Roughly speaking, research on this topic has been motivated by the desire for increased vehicle safety, increased comfort, and better performance by taking into account and utilising the interactions that exists between the different subsystems of the vehicle. While research on this topic has progressed along several lines of inquiry, it appears to be the case that almost no effort has been devoted toward the construction of vehicle emulators that are based on ICC concepts. For example, vehicles equipped with active systems (4-wheel-steering, active suspension, active brakes, etc.) may, in principle, be constructed to emulate any reasonable given set of vehicle dynamics. Arguments for the design of such vehicle emulators are compelling. In particular, vehicle designers should in principle be able to use vehicle emulators to test prototypes before their construction and at a lower expense than by using vehicle simulators and actual prototype vehicles. The objective of this work package (WP2) is to develop an ICC with the capacity to emulate a vehicle with a given set of vertical and lateral dynamics using the vehicle suspension and steering systems (and taking into account the interaction between these systems). As a first step in this direction we have reviewed work that has been carried out in ICC; with particular emphasis on work that integrates both suspension and steering subsystems. In this report, a brief overview of this work, together with a review of suspension and steering control systems and their interactions is presented. A 4-wheel-steering controller developed at the Hamilton Institute as part of a CEMACS pre-project is also described. Finally, we present some preliminary research results; in particular, a vehicle model that integrates the vehicle steering and suspension systems.


Wireless sensor network nodes can constitute network through self-organization.With the help of the various sensors in the nodes,they can sense,sample and process the parameters of the surrounding environment,henceforth,getting detailed and accurate information.In this paper,a design of wireless sensor network node is analyzed,the design of the node hardware circuits and the structure of the node software are offered.The node is based on the top-grade 8-bit AVR micro-processor ATmegal28L,the peripheral sensors and 2.4GHz wireless communication module CC2420,which can realize the function of monitoring environment.


This article presents a new approach for privacy preserving neural network training. Several studies have been devoted to privacy preserving supervised model learning, but little work has been done to extend neural network learning with a privacy preserving protocol. Neural networks are popular for many applications, among else those calling for a robust learning algorithm. In this study, we elaborate on privacy preserving classification as well as regression with neural networks on horizontally partitioned data. We consider a scenario of more than two parties that are semi-honest but curious. We extend the neural network classification algorithm presented by Rumelhart et al. with protocols for secure sum and secure matrix addition. The extended algorithm does not fully guarantee privacy in the sense defined by Goldreich, but we show that the information revealed is not associated to a specific party and could also be derived by juxtaposing the local data and the final model.


The study characterized the infiltration capacities of soils of M ichael Okpara University Of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria using a Double Ring Infiltro meter - falling head method. The field experiments were carried out in two seasons. Each experiment lasted for three hours. The dry season infiltrat ion rates were found to be higher than those of the rainy season. The highest infilt ration rate was obtained from Poultry Block with an average rate of 9.9 cm/hr while the lowest was fro m Ad min. Block(1.35cm/hr). The water intake also seemed to follow the same trend, being highest at the Poultry Block (29.1cm) and lowest, with an average value of 4.3cm at the Admin Block .Other values obtained were between 2.0cm/hr and 9.7cm/hr. So il samples were collected fro m each location at a dept of 0 - 30 cm into the soil profile for laboratory determination of physical properties. The mean percentage of sand was 65.5%, silt had an average value of 16% while that of clay is 18.5%. Porosity ranged from 34% - 46% .Bu lk density was between 1.6g/cm 3 and 1.8g/cm 3 . Organic matter ranged fro m 1.3% - 3.4% and a mean pH of 5.4 was observed. Umudike soils supported good infiltration rates.


Barchans are propagating crescentic dunes that form in arid regions where strong, unidirectional winds blow across a firm soil lightly covered with sand. Recently, solitary barchan dunes have been shown to be unstable towards sand flux variation either growing to form mega‐dunes or shrinking and disappearing when perturbed from equilibrium. However, observations of large corridors of barchan dunes in the field suggest that these bedforms are stable over long periods of time. Since dunes' migration rates are inversely proportional to their size, barchans of different size must collide and these collisions may be crucial in maintaining the stability of dunes in nature. Here, we first explain the unstable behavior of solitary barchans and then illustrate, using down‐scaled physical experiments, the qualitative dynamics of binary collisions. A stability analysis, inspired by these experiments, suggests that collisions may indeed regulate the size of barchans migrating in a corridor by redistributing sand from large dunes to smaller ones.


Abstract New faunistic data of Psychodidae (Diptera) from Western Bohemia are presented (266 sites explored in 1993-2010, incl. literary data). Altogether 96 species of moth flies (adults) of 36 genera (55 % of all species of the family known from the Czech Republic are known to occur in the western Hercynian mountains, Sokolov open-cast coal mines, dumps and adjacent localities. 26 of these species were classified in the national Red List 2005 of threatened invertebrates. Critically endangered species CR (14), endangered species EN (4), vulnerable species VU (8) and without a Red status so far are two species nationally scarce NS. An extreme water chemistry of some mine localities (pH, alkalinity, N-NH4+, N-NO3−, N org., total N, total P, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cl−, SO42−, Mn and conductivity) in a relation to collected adults were studied. The relationship between site altitude of all localities and the number of species as well as critically endangered species is accounted.


Along with the Nansha road network consummation,the extant guide sign has not been able to meet the needs,according to Nansha's road network characteristic,this article carries on the graduation to the Nansha geography information,and proposed as soon as has applied mechanically to Nansha's path guide sign establishment plan.


Silver-palladium surfaces are potentially used for bacterial and biofilm inhibition by generating microelectric fields and electrochemical redox processes, and it is desired that the release of any metal ion will be at low concentration. However, in some specific environments, undesired silver dissolution can occur which can be recognized as a result of corrosion or deterioration of the silver-palladium surface, and will reduce the lifetime of the surface and contaminate the surroundings. The effect of bacteria, biofilm and solution contents on silver stability is therefore of interest, if silver-palladium surfaces are used in biologically active systems. In this study, a series of 24and 72-hour immersion tests using several solutions was performed for the evaluation of silver dissolution and study of the mechanism. The quantitative data on silver dissolution and the correlation between silver dissolution, solution contents, and surface-associated bacteria were obtained. It was not surprising that chemicals aggressive to silver and silver compounds accelerated silver dissolution due to the formations of silver ions and silver complex ions, but a phenomenon of increased silver dissolution was found associated directly with the presence of bacteria. Experiments showed that surface-associated bacteria greatly increased silver dissolution from the silver-palladium surfaces due to the interactions between cell components and the surfaces, and the amount of surface-associated bacteria enhanced this effect.


A simple and accurate volumetric method for the determination of fluorine is described. The titration is carried out in 50% methanol solution, using standard cerous chloride solution as titrant and murexide as indicator. Stoichiometric results are obtained with solutions containing 1 to 10 mg F. The method is suitable for titrating the distillates collected in the Willard-Winter steam distillation of fluosilicic acid.


Suppose there is the linear equation Ax=b, where A is a large scale sparse matrix. In this article, we set up a model for testing efficiency of different memory strategies. And as an example, we compare several matrix storing methods in applying PCG methods to linear equations generated by "Numerical Simulation for Bridgman Method".


This paper considers the equilibrium behaviour of the M/G/k group-arrival group-departure loss system. Such a system has k servers whose customers arrive in groups, the arrival epochs of groups being points of a Poisson process. The duration of a service can be characteristic of the group size; however, customers who belong to the same group have equal service times. The customers of a group start being served immediately upon their arrival, unless their number is greater than the number of idle servers. In this case the whole group leaves and does not return later (i.e. is lost). Among other things, a generalization of the Erlang B-formula is given and it is shown that the arrival and departure processes are statistically indistinguishable.


As one of the cities with severe shortage of water resource,water resource has been a constraint factor of sustainable development in Dalian.The relationship between industrial structure and water consumption quantity is studied by using correlation analysis.It is concluded that the correlation degree between the secondary industry and water resource is the highest,while that between tertiary industry and water consumption is relatively lower.Therefore,it is important to adjust the secondary industry in solving the problem of the water resource shortage.


End-to-end latency in interactive systems is detrimental to performance and usability, and comes from a combination of hardware and software delays. While these delays are steadily addressed by hardware and software improvements, it is at a decelerating pace. In parallel, short-term input prediction has shown promising results in recent years, in both research and industry, as an addition to these efforts. We describe a new prediction algorithm for direct touch devices based on (i) a state-of-the-art finite-time derivative estimator, (ii) a smoothing mechanism based on input speed, and (iii) a post-filtering of the prediction in two steps. Using both a pre-existing dataset of touch input as benchmark, and subjective data from a new user study, we show that this new predictor outperforms the predictors currently available in the literature and industry, based on metrics that model user-defined negative side-effects caused by input prediction. In particular, we show that our predictor can predict up to 2 or 3 times further than existing techniques with minimal negative side-effects.


: The objective of this study is to capture a nexus between economic stability and female un-employment in Pakistan. Since economic stability enables macro-economic objectives such as sustainable growth, it creates conductive environment for employment. This study used foreign direct investment (FDI), consumer price index (CPI), fiscal deficit, debt to GDP, interest rate and exchange rate regarded as indicators of economic stability. Whereas, time series data for the period from 1973 to 2015 has employed through Augmented Dickey Fuller and Phillip-Perron and unit roots tests are applied to check the stationarity of the data. It has found that data is a mix of level I(0) and 1st difference I(1), which further justify us to apply auto regressor distributed lags (ARDL) bound testing approach for results. The Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) technique has applied for the short run dynamics of the models. However, CPI has positive and significant relationship with female unemployment in Pakistan. Whereas, exchange rate has negative related with female unemployment. Moreover, it is highly recommended to maintain economic stability through monetary and fiscal policy mechanism and there is also a dire need to formulate gender sensitive policies to create more employment opportunities to female labour force in the economy.


Abstract Direction dependence analysis (DDA) makes use of higher than second moment information of variables (x and y) to detect potential confounding and to probe the causal direction of linear variable relations (i.e., whether x → y or y → x better approximates the underlying causal mechanism). The "true" predictor is assumed to be a continuous nonnormal exogenous variable. Existing methods compatible with DDA, however, are of limited use when the relation of a focal predictor and an outcome is affected by a moderator. This study presents a conditional direction dependence analysis (CDDA) framework which enables researchers to evaluate the causal direction of conditional regression effects. Monte–Carlo simulations were used to evaluate two different moderation scenarios: Study 1 evaluates the performance of CDDA tests when a moderator affects the strength of the causal effect x → y. Study 2 evaluates cases in which the causal direction itself (x → y vs y → x) depends on moderator values. Study 3 evaluates the robustness of DDA tests in the presence of functional model misspecifications. Results suggest that significance tests compatible with CDDA are suitable in both moderation scenarios, i.e., CDDA allows one to discern regions of a moderator in which the causal direction is uniquely identifiable. An empirical example is provided to illustrate the approach.


In this paper, a dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT) based hybrid image denoising algorithm which combines fourth order Partial Diffusion Equation (PDE) and adaptive thresholding is proposed for Gaussian noise corrupted images by considering the significant dependences of the wavelet coefficients across different scales. The DTCWT has the advantage of improved directional selectivity, approximate shift invariance, and perfect reconstruction over the discrete wavelet transform. The wavelet filter bank is used to decompose the image into approximation sub band and detail sub band. Though the noise affects both the sub bands the existing wavelet thresholding methods have the final noise reduced image with limited improvement. In the proposed algorithm the fourth order PDE technique is applied on the detail sub band and the adaptive thresholding is applied to the approximate sub band and tested on Gaussian noise corrupted images. The observation of visual quality and quantitative performance in terms of PSNR and SSIM shows improvement of the proposed method over the existing wavelet-based image denoising namely anisotropic diffusion, median filtering and diffusion equation techniques.


The ship manoeuvring dynamics consists of surge, sway, and yaw differential equations (coupled mutually with each other). a basic principle of the proposed manoeuvring model identification algorithm is that both sway and yaw equations may directly assimilate, instead of the motions derived from other one or two equations, the corresponding sea trial data. Under such conditions, the evaluated hull and rudder sub-models are more adequate and less ambiguous. An approach has been made also to compose the hull hydrodynamics from turning tests, while z-tests refine the rudder related model parameters. The obtained final manoeuvring prediction is excellent.


The content of avian gs antigen in RSV-transformed rat cells LW13-RsK1 and LW13-RsK4 showed a transient increase after treatment with 5-iododeoxyuridine. Higher levels of gs antigen were found when treated cells were cultivated in the presence of dexamethasone. In no case was the production of RSV found in treated RSV-transformed rat cell lines when, in addition, XC cells were tested.


The 2,5,8,11,14-pentaoxaheptadecane (tetraglyme) adducts of barium complexes of 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedione (H(hfacac)), 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4pentanedione (H[tfacac]) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione (H(thd)) have been prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallography, 1H and 130 nmr spectroscopies, melting and sublimation points, and elemental analysis. The thermal stability of the complexes is related to their solid state structure in which the coordination number around the barium atom is nine with a monocapped, twisted square prism structure. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition experiments were performed using the 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedionato and 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-pentanedionato complexes; the 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5heptanedionato complex dissociated prior to sublimation. The as-deposited barium fluoride films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy.


In recent years, the electric power assist steering (EPAS) system, because of its fuel efficiency, cost effectiveness, and additional safety and convenience features, has rapidly replaced the conventional hydraulic power assist steering (HPAS) system. However, there is still need for improvement of the steering feel of EPAS systems compared to HPAS systems. In this paper, the steering feel of the EPAS system is studied by investigating the steering feel metrics. We first introduce a comprehensive model of a column-assisted EPAS (C-EPAS) system consisting of the major components in the system. The steering feel of the C-EPAS system is then investigated through simulation of on-centre steering tests based on the proposed mechanical model with basic power assist control strategies. Various factors affecting the steering feel responses are identified. Finally, by using this knowledge, it is shown that on-centre steering feel can be improved by adjusting the proper parameters in the C-EPAS system.


Returning to the theme of an earlier paper (Kemp 2011), the author explores the anxiety-ridden nature of debate about Israel-Palestine in the West. Rather than guilt per se, it is suggested that it is collective defences against guilt that are threatened when the issue is raised in public. The West's dilemma has been to reconcile its commitment to universalist values with its support for Israel. Zionism's objective of a Jewish state in an already inhabited country has led inevitably to repression and racism. The outcome has been collusion in a cover-up of the true nature of Israeli ideology and policy, akin to the collusion that takes place in a clinical relationship when a psychoanalyst fails to make a necessary interpretation to a patient in order to avoid discomfort or conflict. Among the many unfortunate consequences has been a failure to challenge the instrumentalization of the Holocaust, paradoxically now used to neutralize opposition to the subjugation of the Palestinians.


The spatiotemporal dynamics of a phytoplankton-zooplankton model with an alternative prey and refuge effect is investigated mathematically and numerically. The stability of the equilibrium point and the traveling wave solution of the phytoplankton-zooplankton model are described based on theoretical mathematical work, which provides the basis of the numerical simulation. The numerical analysis shows that refuges have a strong effect on the spatiotemporal dynamics of the model according to the pattern formation. These results may help us to understand prey-predator interactions in water ecosystems. They are also relevant to research into phytoplankton-zooplankton ecosystems.


The present invention relates to a piezoelectric species touch panel, and organic light emitting display and a method of manufacturing an organic light emitting display, wherein the piezoelectric touch panel, an organic light emitting display comprising: opposite each other and bonded to an OLED backplane and package cover plate; wherein said cover plate comprises a package substrate and a second touch-control structure, the touch-control structure disposed on the second side of the substrate facing away from the OLED backplane. In the piezoelectric touch the present invention provides an organic light emitting display panel and a method of manufacturing an organic light emitting display, by the piezoelectric touch screen OLED panel and for the body together, not only greatly reduce the weight and thickness of the display itself, saving production costs, and because the touch structure is formed on the side away from the plate package OLED backplane, signal interference can be avoided.


TiC layer could be deposited on the cemented carbide by plasma assisted CVD process at relatively lower temperatures compared with conventional CVD process. The characteristics of the TiC coated cemented carbide plasma CVD were studied.It was found that the strength of the TiC coated cemented carbide by plasma CVD was much improved compared with the conventional CVD, and it also showed a satisfactory performance for heavy duty interrupted cutting such as steel milling.


Recent studies show that low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) has an important anti‐inflammatory action in acute lung inflammation. The present work explored if laser therapy is able to antagonize eosinophils and allergic inflammation induced by oxidative stress in Balb/c mice. Forty‐eight hours after challenge, the leukocyte counting, ROS and nitrite/nitrate level, RANTES, CCL3, CCL8 as well as eotaxins were measured in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of laser‐treated mice or not. Into the lung, some chemokines receptors, the iNOS activity and mRNA expression, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, gluthatione, NADPH oxidase activities and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (T‐Bars) were measured. Laser‐treated allergic mice presented reduction of both the ICAM‐1 and eosinophil in the lungs. RANTES, CCL8, CCL3 and eotaxins were reduced in BALF of laser‐treated allergic mice. In allergic mice lung LLLT decreased the CCR1 and CCR3 and restored the oxidative stress balance as well. Laser decreased the lipidic peroxidation in allergic mice lung as much as increased SOD, GPx and GR. It shows that LLLT on allergic lung inflammation involves leukocyte‐attractant chemokines and endogenous antioxidant. Based on results, LLLT may ultimately become a non‐ invasive option in allergic lung disease treatment. The top figure illustrates the laser decreasing the eosinophils migration into BALF and the bottom figure shows the laser upregulating the expression of heme‐oxygenase (anti‐oxidant enzyme) in lung tissue anti‐oxidant.


Abstract : This history of NSWC provides a summary of the activities of NSWC during calendar year 1986, although some of the information presented was available on a fiscal year basis only. The history presents only unclassified information, in the interest of ensuring a wider distribution. Additional documentation, which is an integral part of this history, is given in the Appendices list.


Noises are unwanted information which will be normally present in an image. It should be removed in such a way that the important information present in an image is preserved. De-noising an image is very active research area in image processing. There are several algorithms for de-noise but each algorithm has its own assumptions, advantages and limitations. The method proposed in this paper uses a simple pattern classification for noise identification. The significant idea is to obtain the noise samples and to extract their statistical feature for identifying the noise type. Simple image filters are used to get the noise samples and noise identification is achieved by using few statistical features. The method is capable of accurately classifying the type of noise besides the type of images used.


Purpose
This study aims to explore magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) thermo-bioconvection of oxytactic microorganisms in multi-physical directions addressing thermal gradient, lid motion, porous substance and magnetic field collectively using a typical differentially heated two-sided lid-driven cavity. The consequences of a range of pertinent parameters on the flow structure, temperature, oxygen isoconcentration and microorganisms' isoconcentration are examined and explained in great detail.

Design/methodology/approach
Two-dimensional governing equations in a two-sided lid-driven porous cavity heated differentially and packed with oxytactic microorganisms under the influence of the magnetic field are solved numerically using the finite volume method-based computational fluid dynamics code. The evolved flow physics is analyzed assuming a steady laminar incompressible Newtonian flow within the validity of the Boussinesq approximation. The transport of oxytactic microorganisms is formulated by augmenting the continuum model.

Findings
The mechanisms involved with MHD-mixed thermo-bioconvection could have potential benefits for industrial exploitation. The distributions of fluid flow, temperature, oxygen and motile microorganisms are markedly modified with the change of convection regime. Both speed and direction of the translating walls significantly influence the concentration of the motile microorganisms. The concentration of oxygen and motile microorganisms is found to be higher at the upper portion of the cavity. The overall patterns of the fluid flow, temperature and the oxygen and microorganism distributions are markedly affected by the increase of magnetic field strength.

Research limitations/implications
The concept of the present study could be extended to other areas of bioconvection in the presence of gravity, light or chemical attraction.

Practical implications
The findings of the present study could be used to multi-physical applications like biomicrosystems, pollutant dispersion in aquifers, chemical catalytic converters, geothermal energy usage, petroleum oil reservoirs, enhanced oil recovery, fuel cells, thermal energy storage and others.

Originality/value
The MHD-mixed thermo-bioconvection of oxytactic microorganisms is investigated under different parametric conditions. The effect of pertinent parameters on the heat and mass transfers are examined using the Nusselt number and Sherwood number.


The problem of estimating the variance of an estimator of the population total when missing values have been filled using a Nearest Neighbour (NN) imputation method is considered. The estimator is developed assuming a more general model than those considered in earlier studies. In an empirical study involving two artificial populations, the proposed estimator is found to perform better or as well as other two estimators in the current use. African Journal of Science and Technology Vol.4(2) 2003: 5-11


Background: Radical gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy is a surgery with significant post-operative morbidity. Pre-operative malnutrition portends a poor post-operative outcome following any gastrointestinal surgery in general. This study aims at finding out whether it is feasible to perform D2 lymphadenectomy in patients presenting with significant malnutrition.Methods: In this single centre study, we retrospectively analysed the post-operative morbidity and mortality data of 46 patients who underwent D2 gastrectomy for operable gastric cancer between October 2016 to April 2019. Almost all the patients who were analysed fulfilled at least one criterion for malnutrition.Results: The morbidity rate was 39.1% and the mortality rate was 6.5% which were a little high when compared to results from other Indian centres but not prohibitive, considering the nutritional status of these patients. Almost 50% of these patients were able to complete adjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusions: D2 gastrectomy can be performed in patients with poor pre-operative nutritional status. If perioperative nutritional requirements are taken care of promptly, the post-operative outcomes can be better.


This paper presents analysis of existing empirical studies of software metric-based refactorings opportunities identification (ROI) for object-oriented (OO) software systems. We carried out a comprehensive analysis on sixteen (16) primary studies to identify the state-of-the-practice in ROI, focusing on their operations, refactoring activities, programming languages and the impact on software quality. The analysis results show that ROI approaches were designed for either a single refactoring activity or couple of them. Additionally, move method and extract class refactoring were the most refactorings activities performed on OO software systems. Also, OO metrics played an indispensable role in both opportunity detection and refactoring decisions. With the obtained results, we recommend the development of a generic ROI approach that is capable of identifying opportunities for all refactoring activities as well as suggesting the appropriate refactoring operations to apply.


A ray-tracing method is presented for numerically determining radiative view factors in complex three-dimensional geometries. This method uses a set of "primitive" shapes to approximate the required geometry together with a Monte Carlo simulation to track the fate of randomized rays leaving each surface. View factors were calculated,for an operational fiber drawing furnace using both numerical integration and ray-tracing methods. Calculated view factor profiles were essentially identical above a ray density of 10 5 per unit area. Run times for the ray-tracing method were considerable longer, although the setup time to describe a new geometry is very short and essentially independent of system complexity.


Web Services (WS) are in widespread use on the Internet today, and COTS products are readily available. WS are being considered as an enabling technology for NEC, and seem well suited since they provide both push/pull communication as well as the asynchronous publish/subscribe paradigm. Push communication allows orders to be disseminated to troops; pull can be used by the troops to retrieve additional information on-demand. Publish/subscribe is suitable for sending updated track data and improving situational awareness. The challenge lies in using WS over so-called "Disadvantaged Grids" (DG), i.e., networks with low available bandwidth and high error rates. Tactical communication systems can often be classified as DG, and are therefore usually not well suited for WS. In this paper we present our ideas for adapting WS to DG. Proxy servers can be used to minimize the number of messages traversing the links, and can thereby improve both push/pull and publish/subscribe communication. We will discuss push/pull briefly, but the main focus of this paper is publish/subscribe. Furthermore, we present techniques for reducing the publish/subscribe communication by adapting the representation of the information that is being transmitted. 10 FFI-rapport 2007/02340


We propose a practical design method of an estimator based on observer which includes a disturbance model when uncertainties exist in nominal parameters. The procedure first designs an estimator without the disturbance model, and designs an estimator with the disturbance model next. The characteristic of the estimated error which originates from parameter uncertainties by the former is investigated, and the characteristic of the disturbance elimination which originates from the disturbance model by the latter is investigated. Consequently, those characteristics of the estimator with the disturbance model were clarified and the disturbance elimination performance of the estimator with the disturbance model improved 2.5 times compared with the case of the estimator without the disturbance model.


A model of irreversible investment in a competitive industry under demand uncertainty is developed. In the absence of restrictions, investment by itself will keep the price from rising above a natural ceiling that exceeds the long-run average cost by an option value factor. When a lower ceiling is imposed, investment is triggered only by the observation of an even higher "shadow" price. As the imposed ceiling is reduced to the long-run average cost, this shadow price goes to infinity and investment ceases completely. Because investment is depressed, a tighter price ceiling generally leads to a higher long-run average price.


High capacity traffic poses a great challenge for welded joints. A new mobile flash-butt welding process using a welding robot is an important development specifically for the high demands made by high speed and heavy haul rail traffic. The cornerstones of this new development are that the whole process is fully automatic, including measured alignment of the rail ends; direct current (DC) is applied; the cooling process is temperature controlled; an integrated pulling device enables to conduct closure welds and pulse welding which reduces the rail consumption. The whole process is fast and the weld quality is far above stringent standards as the new European Standard EN14587-2 and therefore has potential to reduce cost to produce long welded rails and also cost of repair welds.


Introduction: The 'Journal of Popular Film and Television' Legacy of Western Scholarship Part I: Silent Westerns Chapter 1. The Earliest Western Films: A Checklist of Pre-1900 Prototype Western Films in the Library of Congress Paper Print Collection Chapter 2. 'The Cross-Heart People': Race and Inheritance in the Silent Westerns Chapter 3. 'Arizona Jim': The Westerns of Douglas Fairbanks, Sr. Part II: Classic Westerns Chapter 4. Soldiers in Stetsons: B-Westerns Go to War Chapter 5. 'Be Sure You're Right, Then Go Ahead': The Early Disney Westerns Chapter 6. 'Let's Go Home, Debbie': The Matter of Blood Pollution, Combat Culture, and Cold War Hysteria in 'The Searchers' (1956) Part III: Race and Westerns Chapter 7. Playing at Being Indian: Spectatorship and the Early Western Chapter 8. A Fate Worse Than Death: Racism, Transgression, and Westerns Chapter 9. A Politically Correct Ethan Edwards: Clint Eastwood's 'The Outlaw Josey Wales' (1976) Part IV: Gender and Westerns Chapter 10. Howard Hughes and His Western: 'The Maverick and The Outlaw' (1943) Chapter 11. Carrying Concealed Weapons: Gendered Makeover in 'Calamity Jane' (1953) Chapter 12. Redesigning Pocahontas: Disney, the 'White Man's Indian', and the Marketing of Dreams Part V: Revisionist Westerns Chapter 13. 'McCabe and Mrs. Miller' (1971): Robert Altman's Anti-Western Chapter 14. Blending Genres, Bending Time: Steampunk of the Western Frontier Chapter 15. 'Deadwood' (2004-2006), Generic Transformation, and Televisual History Part VI: Westerns in Global Context Chapter 16. Shouldering the Weight of the World: The Sensational and Global Appeal of John Wayne's Body Chapter 17. 'The Man With No Name' (1968): Shane Comes Back in a Korean 'Manchurian Western' Chapter 18. Hollywood Border Cinema: Westerns with a Vengeance Selected Bibliography of Westerns on Film and Television


Abstract We consider the problem of scheduling sequence-dependent jobs on identical parallel machines. Each job has to be processed without interruption on one of the machines. A machine changeover time must be respected between job processing on each machine. This changeover time is dependent on the job sequence. Our objective is to minimize the maximum completion time of the jobs or the mean completion time of the jobs. This problem is a vehicle routeing problem and is NP hard. We propose an assignment algorithm to solve it. Our heuristic is an extension of the Hungarian method to the multiple use of resources and has been developed during past years to solve routeing problems. This paper models the scheduling problem, presents the solution tool and shows the heuristic result quality for 24 problem sizes.


Medium density fiberboard (MDF) made from steam-pressure-refined wood residues (a mixture of 70% hardwoods and 3O% softwood species) met most of the specifications required for service class hardboard and achieved equal to or better strength properties than commercial plywood. The MDF included wood residues from red lauan, white meranti, ash, birch, oak, lindens, true fir, Douglas-fir, and larch fibers. Dependent variables included three phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin levels, three mat moisture content (MC) levels, and three press temperature levels.


Objective: To study the clinical effects of management of a litter residual trophoblastic tissue with "Suogongzhuyutang"after medical abortion.Method:160 women who had a litter residual trophoblastic tissue after medical abortion were randomly divided into two groups: study group(n=80) and control group(n=80).women in study group were given traditional Chinese medicine,women in control group were curettaged.The time of vaginal bleeding,the thing which the exceptional echoes of uterine cavity disappeared or not were observed.Results:The time of vaginal bleeding,the thing which the exceptional echoes of uterine cavity disappeared,there was no significant difference between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion: To treat an litter residual trophoblastic tissue with "Suogongzhuyutang"after medical abortion is a effective way,it has well amtalgie effect,less side-effect,less complications,and therefore,it is suitable for wide spread.


Background: Children with congenital heart disease undergoing complicated pediatric cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) experience considerable post-operative mortality and morbidity due to post-operative bleeding. An impairment in the blood clotting system primarily contributes to excessive bleeding in children following heart surgery.

Aim: to assess the different methods for the treatment of pediatric patients with post-coagulopathy cardiac surgery.

Methods: Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, SpringerLink, and the Cochrane Library in order to find various articles concerning this topic were searched. The search strategy; (cardiac surgery) AND (pediatric) AND (coagulopathy) AND (post-operative) was used. The investigation ended in April 2022.
Scientific novelty: Post-coagulopathy cardiac surgery is a relatively new medical field that has seen tremendous advances in the past decade. It involves the use of specialised techniques to reduce the risk of bleeding during and after cardiac surgery. This includes the use of anticoagulants, thrombolytics, and other medications to reduce clotting and improve outcomes. In addition, newer technologies such as robotic-assisted surgery have been developed to improve precision and accuracy during cardiac procedures. Therefore, this review aims to address the tactics of managing children-patients with post-coagulopathy cardiac surgery

Conclusion: The management of children-patients with post-coagulopathy cardiac surgery is a particularly challenging area due to their unique physiology and anatomy. As such, there is a need for novel approaches to ensure optimal outcomes for these patients. For example, research has shown that using anticoagulants in combination with thrombolytics can reduce the risk of bleeding complications following cardiac surgery in pediatric patients.


Weight of criteria can only be changed through discussion or analysis of experts under traditional supplier selection method, which brings up two problems: (1) human effect problem and (2) incapability in timely decision making on updates of weights. In this paper, a new supplier selection method based on integration of Analytic Hierarchy Process, the Bayesian Classifier Algorithm and dynamic probabilities (AHP-BCA) is proposed. The method makes predictions with the probabilities of occurrences of criteria values based on historical records to avoid any human effects in decision making. It is also equipped with an instant self-update function to instantly update the probability values with new data, and be ready for next calculation. A simulation experiment is conducted to compare the performance of the proposed approach with a remarkable traditional approach in literature with historical data. Results show that the proposed approach can outperform the traditional one in achieving better selection results.