Quantum confinement changes material optical properties. We calculate the discrete energy levels of electrons in multiple quantum wells. Results concerning TiO2 nanocrystals in silica are given.


The utility model relates to the field of valves, in particular to an electric ball valve. The technical scheme includes that the electric ball valve comprises a left valve body, a right valve body, a valve rod and a driving mechanism, wherein the right valve body is fixedly connected with the left valve body. The left valve body is connected with the right valve body to form a valve cavity. A medium inlet communicated with the valve cavity is formed in the left valve body. A medium outlet communicated with the valve cavity is formed in the right valve body. A valve core is arranged inside the valve cavity. A flow passage is arranged on the valve core. The medium inlet and the medium outlet are respectively communicated with the flow passage. The root portion of the valve rod penetrates through the left valve body and is connected with the valve core. The driving mechanism comprises a motor and a gear set. The motor comprises a motor shaft. Outer teeth are arranged on the outer wall of the motor shaft. The head portion of the valve rod is connected with a transmission gear. The outer teeth and the transmission gear are respectively meshed with the gear set. The electric ball valve has the advantages that due to the fact that the valve core is driven to be opened and closed through gear transmission, stable transmission of transmission force is effectively ensured, and the electric ball valve has the functions of speed reduction and reinforcement.


Microservices are difficult to allocate resources due to their independent service deployment characteristics. Resource allocation based on the experience of operation and maintenance personnel will result in waste of microservice resources. Aiming at the problem of uneven resource allocation of microservices, based on the introduction of the curve inflection point model, this paper first uses the nonlinear least squares method to propose a curve function fitting method for microservice resource utilization; secondly, it designs the equilibrium similarity of microservice resource utilization. Quantitative algorithm, a two-stage resource balancing optimization strategy is given; finally, the two-stage resource optimization strategy is verified through experiments, which makes the microservice resources relatively balanced.


In general telecommunications, refer to a set of techniques, for sending and receiving information of any nature between two points separated geographically, using different transmission media.
Given their importance, telecommunications are today one of the most important strategic sectors for any organization and / or country, because it contributes directly to the economic, social and technological development of its members and its society in general.
The main objective of this project is to design and implement a radio link between the headquarters office of the "Cooperativa de Ahorro y Credito Puellaro" and its branches located in the sectors of Solanda and Puellaro to optimize the development of its internal activities and improve the services that Provides the community it serves.
During this Project execution, each link was designed analyzing its logical and physical components, the logical part was covered to refer to the hierarchical structure of the solution, the IP addressing and the configuration of the accessories and the other side in relation to the physical design It emphasized the physical inspection of each site (agencies and RBS), in order to know if it is necessary to carry out some type of civil intervention on the buildings.
As a result of the project, three radio links were installed and configured for each agency of the Cooperativa Puellaro and its main office located in Carapungo. Additionally, the respective communication and monitoring tests were carried out from the main office link to the two branches, in order to improve connectivity as well as the internet and data service.


In this article, the authors detail a study of a three-year professional development project designed to increase in-service teachers' classroom technology integration. Participants engaged in learning activities that modeled technology integration from a contextually based perspective that included technology, and pedagogical and content knowledge. Although participants reported having very limited technology skills before professional development began, after two years they reported a significant increase in using technology skills. In addition, participants reported increased comfort and confidence in using technology to the level where they changed their teaching practice to integrate technology. Indeed, between years two and three, participants reported a significant increase in technology use for learning by their students.


Introduction Meir Seidler Part I: Netivot Olam - Paths of the World: The Historical Background 1. An emperor at the Prague Castle: cosmopolitan society, politics and culture in Bohemia during Rudolf II's reignJaroslav Panek Part II: Gur Aryeh - In the Lion's Den: Maharal's Weltanschauung 2. Between Rationalism and Mysticism:Maharal's place in Jewish Thought Binyamin Gross 3. The Love of God and the Fear of God in the Thought of the Maharal of Prague Yoseph Elkouby 4. Maharal of Prague on time Dov Schwarz 5.Maharal against Azaria de Rossi:The other side of skepticism Giuseppe Veltri 6. At the Crossroad:Maharal's dispute with Eli'ezer Ashkenazi Andre Neher 7. The Relationship Between Halakha, Philosophy and Education in Maharal's Teachings:Maharal's attitude towards the Halakhic Kitzur Neria Gutel 8. Sexual Restraint and Male Identity in Rabbinic Ethics and the Maharal's Further Elaborations- Applying Foucault's idea of subjectivation to Jewish legal and ethical texts David Biernot Part III: Or Chadash - New Light: Anticipating the Birth Pangs of Modernity 9. Modernity and Religion:New explorations in the light of the 'union of opposites' Avinoam Rosenak 10. Torah and the Worldly Sciences in the Teaching of the Maharal of Prague and Chabad Chassidism Shimon Cowen 11. Maharal and Religious Coercion Meir Seidler 12. The counter-political theory of Maharal of Prague and the formation of modern orthodox Judaism David Sorotzkin Part IV: Derekh HaChayim - The way of Life: Maharal alias Rabbi Loew in Modern Western Culture 12. The Golem of Prague and his 'Master'- from legends to popular moviesKlaus Davidowicz


Quantum chemical calculations of the proton-transfer system 2-(2',4'-dinitrobenzyl)pyridine (DNBP) and of derivatives with larger aromatic bases are presented. These systems undergo photochemical isomerizations from a stable form to two different photoisomers. Ab initio methods are employed to investigate the isomerization of methylimine to vinylamine as a model system for the proton-transfer reaction of DNBP. The ground and excited states of both isomers and of the transition state for the isomerization are studied with Hartree−Fock and MRD-CI (multireference singles and doubles CI) methods. The isomerizations of the larger system DNBP and its derivatives are investigated with semiempirical PM3-SCF and PM3-MRD-CI methods. The intrinsic reaction coordinate formalism is used for calculating the reaction pathways from the optimized transition states. The relative stabilities of the various isomers and the mechanism of the intramolecular proton-transfer reaction are discussed. The ortho-nitro group assists t...


Methods used to install the bentonite seal and sand-cement grout seal for multi-level piezometers are described. After problems developed in trying to use bentonite pellets to install a seal, powdered bentonite was mixed with water for form a paste which was pumped to the bottom of the hole. Additives were used in the sand-cement grout above the bentonite seal to prevent shrinkage of the grout away from the wall of the hole and to retard the initial set until the casing could be pulled.


Whether it's for work or personal well-being, keeping secrets or private information has become part of our everyday existence. Therefore, several researchers acquire an entire focus on secure transmitting secret information. Confidential information is collectively referred to as Steganography for inconspicuous digital media such as video, audio, and images. In disguising information, Steganography plays a significant role. Traditional Steganography faces a further concern of discovery as steganalysis develops. The safety of present steganographic technologies thus has to be improved. In this research, some of the techniques that have been used to hide information inside images have been reviewed. According to the hiding domain, these techniques can be divided into two main parts: The spatial Domain and Transform Domain. In this paper, three methods for each Domain have been chosen to be studied and evaluated. These are; Least Significant Bit (LSB), Pixel Value Difference (PVD), Exploiting Modification Direction (EMD), contourlet transform, Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT), and, Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT). Finally, the best results that have been obtained in terms of higher PSNR, Capacity, and more robustness and security are discussed.


Instantaneous phase currents are required for successful operation of three-phase current controllers. The technique for reconstructing motor phase currents using information from a single current sensor in the dc-link of an inverter has been applied to reduce the cost, weight and volume of system. However, the duration of an active switching state may be so short that the dc-link current cannot be measured reliably. This paper presents an improved PWM modulation strategy named switching state axial translation (SSAT) to overcome this problem. The new SSAT method modifies the PWM voltage vectors by moving the switching state waveforms along the axis when the phase currents cannot be measured. A combination of analytical and experimental results shows that this method offers an attractive phase current reconstruction performance.


Introduction: Attention is a brain process where selectively focuses one of the stimuli of the environment and discards the remaining information, being a relevant function to relate efficiently with the environment. Aim: To study the nonlinear behavior of the beta oscillation (13-30 Hz), evaluated through the chaos balance/brain order (Hurst exponent), during the execution of a sustained attention test in university students. Method: The sample consisted of 13 male university students. For the electroencephalographic recording, the brain-interface device Emotiv Epoco Research Edition was used using the frontal, temporal and occipital lobe registers. The frequency range of 13 to 30 Hz (beta wave) was analyzed. The Toulouse-Pieron test was used to evaluate sustained attention. Results: during the first two minutes of the test the values of the Hurst exponents present asymmetries in the prefrontal and occipital region in three subjects with greater tendency to chaos in the left region and in the temporal region in eight students with greater tendency to chaos in the right region. This situation changes as the minutes of the test go by. Conclusion: Hurst exponents tend to decrease during the resolution of the attention test, this allows for greater processing flexibility during the test. There is a greater tendency to chaos in the right temporal region that is related to tone recognition and critical content in sustained attention tests.


Having reviewed some methods of military selection, their peculiar difficulties and ways of assessing their results, such as wastage rates and military effectiveness, this paper demonstrates limitations in the predictive value of cognitive ability and the need to consider other personality variables and features in the life history. United States Navy studies on marginal recruits and high school enlistees have led to the construction of actuarial forecasts of probability of success. The Royal Naval recruiting procedure, although adaptable to national circumstances, contrasts with a scheme for centralised selection which is being initiated in the British Army and has many potentialities. The author suggests that future research should include the selective power of seclusiveness, anti-authoritarianism, personal stress, step-sibling rivalry, parental antisocial behaviour and short pyknic physique.


The humoral adaptive immune system of sharks is partly based on the same H2L2 heterodimeric antibody structure seen in all jawed vertebrates (reviewed in Flajnik 2002). The constituent vertebrate immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy (H) and light (L) chains provide obligate defense against pathogens and their toxins via neutralization, opsonization, and activation of the classical pathway of the complement cascade. The two IgL are generally identical to one another in any antibody, as are the two IgH, and this antibody is identical to all others made for plasma membrane expression or secretion by a particular B cell at a point in time. However, receptor editing and somatic ContentS


We identify a new inflationary regime for which more than 60 e-folds are generated classically during the waterfall phase occurring after the usual hybrid inflation. By performing a Bayesian Monte-Carlo-Markov-Chain analysis, this scenario is shown to take place in a large part of the parameter space of the model. When this occurs, the observable perturbation modes leave the Hubble radius during waterfall inflation. The power spectrum of adiabatic perturbations is red, possibly in agreement with CMB constraints. Particular attention has been given to study only the regions for which quantum backreactions do not affect the classical dynamics. Implications concerning the preheating and the absence of topological defects in our Universe are discussed. © 2011 American Physical Society.


"Styles of Family Communication in the Violent Attitudes of Students of the Ninth Year of Basic Education of the Educational Unit Bernardo Valdivieso, (Evening Period: 2013-2014)", This study aims to analyze the influence of the styles of family communication in the violent attitudes of students. In this descriptive study, we used the following methods: scientific, analytical, synthetic, inductive, deductive, statistical, survey, and the scales of family communication and school violence, applied to the sample of 150 students. Results: The open communication style at low levels is found in 71.33% with the mother and 65.33% with the father. In regards to violent attitudes, 64.76% of the students manifested a communication style at the middle level. This study concludes therefore that the style of communication with the two parents is open, but at low levels, and at higher levels the communication style is offensive to the mother and creates avoidance in the father; the majority of the students possess middle levels of violence and victimization; the prevalence of offensive and avoidance communication styles and the shortage of an open communication style influences the violent attitudes in adolescents.


Objective To study the best process parameters in the application of papain and flavoryzyme to the stepwise enzymatic hydrolysis of beef.Methods This experiment applied papain and flavoryzyme to the stepwise emzymatic hydrolysis of beef(firstly by papain,then by flavorzyme) and optimized the conditions of the hydrolysis through the application of the orthogonal experiment based on the single-factor test.Results First,began the process of the zymolysis of papain for 1 hour under the conditions of temperature 65℃,enzyme concentration 0.1%,substrate concentration 3:1 and pH 7.0,then began the process of flavorzyme hydrolysis for 5 hour under the conditions of temperature 55℃,enzyme concentration 0.4% and pH6.0.Conclusions The beef hydrolysis obtained under these conditions generated more full-bodied fragrance through maillard reaction and its free amino acid content was higher.


We describe two adaptive multistage digital filters for line-frequency signal processing in zero-crossing detectors and synchronous power systems. These filters combine a median filter with adaptive, predictive filters, thus making it possible to extract the sinusoidal signals from noise and strong disturbances without phase shifting the primary frequency component. The median filter is used as a prefilter because it can efficiently remove deep commutation notches from the waveform. Adaptation allows the filter to track the time-varying line-frequency and avoids the misadjustment problem encountered with a fixed predictive filter. An FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter-based predictor is attractive when there are large frequency variations, and an IIR (Infinite Impulse Response) filter-based cascade predictor has better attenuation characteristics for undesired frequency components.


This chapter overviews the topic of protein motif discovery. It presents current approaches to knowledge discovery, focusing on their applications to the protein domain. In general, a motif is considered an abstraction over a set of recurring patterns in a dataset. Although we are primarily concerned with protein structure motifs, the chapter also considers sequence motifs and combinations of sequence/structure motifs. The research described is motivated by our need to organize and understand the rapidly growing protein databases. Discovered motifs are also useful in automating the process of structure determination from crystallographic databases. The eld of knowledge discovery is concerned with the theory and processes involved in the representation and extraction of patterns or motifs from large databases. Discovered patterns can be used to group data into meaningful classes, to summarize data or to reveal deviant entries. Motifs stored in a database can be brought to bear on di cult instances of structure prediction or determination from X-ray crystallography or NMR experiments. The need for automated discovery techniques is central to the understanding and analysis of the rapidly expanding repositories of protein sequence and structure data. This chapter deals with the discovery of protein structure motifs. A motif is an abstraction over a set of recurring patterns observed in a dataset; it captures the essential features shared by a set of similar or related objects. In many domains, such as computer vision and speech recognition, there exist special regularities that permit such motif abstraction. In the protein science domain, the regularities derive from evolutionary and biophysical constraints on amino acid sequences and structures. The identi cation of a known pattern in a new protein sequence or structure permits the immediate retrieval and application of knowledge obtained from the analysis of other proteins. The discovery and manipulation of motifs | in DNA, RNA, and protein sequences and structures | is thus an important component of computational molecular biology and genome informatics. In particular, identifying protein structure classi cations at varying levels of abstraction allows us to organize and increase our understanding of the rapidly growing protein structure datasets. Discovered motifs are also useful for improving the e ciency and e ectiveness of X-ray crystallographic study of proteins, for drug design, for understanding protein evolution, and ultimately for predicting the structure of proteins from sequence data. Motifs may be designed by hand, based on expert knowledge. For example, the ChouFasman protein secondary structure prediction program (1978), which dominated the eld for many years, depended on the recognition of pre-de ned, user-encoded sequence motifs for -helices and -sheets. Several hundred sequence motifs have been catalogued in Prosite (Bairoch 1991); the identi cation of one of these motifs in a novel protein often allows for From Glasgow, J.I., Steeg, E. and Fortier, S., \Motif Discovery in Protein Structure Database," in \Pattern Discovery in Molecular Biology: Tools, Techniques and Applications," by Jason Wang, Bruce Shapiro and Dennis Sha sha (Eds.). Reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press, Inc.


Manifold fluid flow networks are an essential element in cooling systems that distribute forced air or forced liquid cooling to high performance modular electronics. Manifolds represent a specialized design problem, however, and few engineers in the field electronics thermal management are familiar with the basic fluid dynamics concepts that govern flow rate and pressure distribution in manifold systems. The subject paper describes a one dimensional discrete branch point model for manifold analysis. Predicted results are compared with liquid flow test data in the laminar and transitional regimes. CFD simulations are used to assess the validity of selected empirical coefficients. Basic design guidelines for the practicing engineer are provided.


OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of brief dry cupping on muscle soreness of the gastrocnemius muscle and range of motion (ROM) in the ankle.METHODS Thirty-six participants (age=29±10 yrs, ht=173.8±10.3 cm, wt=75.3±15.9 kg) were randomly assigned to three groups: A (no exercise), B (bilateral heel drops to exhaustion), and C (right unilateral heel drops to exhaustion). Dorsiflexion ROM was assessed bilaterally for all groups. All participants received the cupping protocol on the right gastrocnemius, but C also received it on the left. Dry cupping was applied using four two-inch cups in four quadrants on the calf for 90 seconds. Soreness was reported using a 10-point VAS scale at 24- and 48-hours. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to examine the effects of cupping on soreness and range of motion, respectively. Alpha was set at 0.05 for all tests.RESULTS A significant difference in muscle soreness existed between right (3.58±1.31 VAS) and left (2.83±1.02 VAS) calves for group B at 24 hours (p = 0.029). No other significant differences existed between calves that were and were not cupped (p > 0.05). No significant differences in ROM occurred between any conditions (p > 0.05).CONCLUSION Ninety seconds of dry cupping on the calf may reduce 24-hr muscle soreness after performing heel drops to exhaustion, but has no effect on ROM.


The University of Minnesota Health Sciences Zone presents its three-tier approach for indoor air quality (IAQ) assurance : source control, routine maintenance, and quick solutions


Modification of No.3 slab caster from curved mould to vertical-bending type was carried out in the No.2 Steel-making Plant of WISCO.The production conditions and slab quality after the revamp are discussed.Results show that newly revamped machine has attained its set target.


This introduction chapter presents the historical, personal, and academic background that led to this book that examines a model of school violence in context. The chapter presents the book chapters: a revised model of school violence in evolving contexts; the definition of bullying and school violence; exploring similarities and differences between groups in base rates of victimization and in the structures of victimization types; the multiple ways of exposure to a range of weapons on school grounds, focusing on school-level analysis; sexual victimization and its association with cultural groups; suicide and its relations with bullying both on the individual and school levels; the victimization of teachers by students and of students by their teachers and their interrelationships on a student and school-level; multiple forms of cyberbullying and their relationships with "traditional" bullying; school climate, its definitions, and relationships with victimization and academic achievement over time; policy and intervention implications.


Nerve injury can lead to ectopic activation of injured nociceptorsand central sensitization characterized by allodynia and hyperalgesia. Reduction in the activity of primary afferent neurons has been shown to be sufficient in alleviating peripherally generated pain. The cell bodies of such trigeminal nociceptors are located in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) with central processes that terminate in the brainstem trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC). The TG is therefore a strategic locus where afferent input can be manipulated. We hypothesized that chemogenetic inhibition of TG would suppress TNC neuronal activity and attenuate pain behaviour in a rat model of painful traumatic trigeminal neuropathy (PTTN).


A while securing a sufficient water discharge flow rate, to provide a shower head that a plurality of water discharge mode can be easily switched. The present invention relates to a possible hand shower head switching a plurality of water discharge mode (1), a hand shower head body (2), seat to be seated on the valve seat (27a), and the seating extending from parts, a plurality of valve body provided with a seat support portion for movably supporting (27b) along the seating section to the moving axis (26a, 26b, 26c) and water discharge mode switching member (6), this water discharge mode based on the operation of the switching member by the action of force on the seat support portion, the seating portion the valve body drive mechanism for moving the (40a, 40b, 40c) and has a plurality of the valve body, the seat part support of the axis of movement (A1, A2, A3) together is arranged so as to be substantially parallel to one another, spacing of the central axis (B1, B2, B3) of each seat is wider than the spacing of the axis of movement It is characterized by being formed. .FIELD 5


Floating Breakwater set up at open sea area that was to reduce the wave energy. The material of the Floating Breakwater can resistance the attacks from wave and current, and endure erosion. This research used scrap tires as research material. In this study, the wave-attenuation coefficients of Floating Tire Breakwater (F T B) with two types mooring system were determined based on the results of laboratory experiments. The results showed that the FTB was able to reduce the wave action effectively. The stable mooring rope was able to reduce the instantaneous tension of the FTB significantly. The best wave transmitted coefficient (Kt) could obtained under the larger wave height (H) and low flow speed (V). In the case of V = 5 cm/sec and H = 15 cm, the wave transmitted coefficient (Kt) of the stable mooring rope (0.27) was raise to 112% compared with traditional mooring rope (0.24), but the instantaneous tension of stable mooring rope was reduce to 57% of the traditional mooring rope did. In this study, the efficiency and safety of Floating Tire Breakwater was considered, this research can provide the useful references for further development of Floating Breakwater design.


According to one embodiment, the method of manufacturing a solid-state imaging device includes: forming a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements by two-dimensionally arranging semiconductor areas of a second conductivity type at a semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type in a matrix pattern; forming the photoelectric conversion elements in a rectangular shape in plan view, the photoelectric conversion elements being formed by forming a grid-like trench in plan view so as to partition the semiconductor layer; forming the photoelectric conversion element formed into the rectangular shape in plan view into a convex polygonal shape in plan view whose number of corners is larger than the number of corners of a rectangular; and forming an element isolation area including a light shielding member at a trench coated with an insulating film after coating an inner peripheral surface of the trench with the insulating film.


This article explores the nature and the scope of the powers of Treaty amendment (or Union primary law-making.) It sets out two of the prevailing theories in the literature that seek to describe or to prescribe the scope of these powers: one which accords an exclusive role to the Member States in the process, and another which attributes to the Court of Justice the role as the final arbiter of constitutionality in this context. The article explores the practical dynamics of primary law-making and argues that the perspectives in the literature do not accurately capture the political reality of Union primary law-making. Rather, it is necessary to explore the subtle interactions between different constitutional actors within the Union. Such interactions may create an environment where proactive primary law change by the Member States becomes difficult in practice, even though the Member States� formal authority under art.48 TEU remains largely unchallenged.


COMMITTEE OF INQUIRY INTO THE NATIONAL ESTATE (1974). National Estate, Report of the Committee of Inquiry. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, ACT: [not available for checking]. CONSERVATION FOUNDATION (1977). National Parks for the Future. The Conservation Foundation, Washington, D.C.: viii + 254 pp. DOI [U.S. Department of the Interior] (undated). Alaska National Parks, Refuges and Wild Rivers: Some Questions and Answers. Washington, D.C.: 16 pp., mimeogr. ELLIOTT, Sir Hugh (Ed.) (1974). Second World Conference on National Parks. IUCN, Morges, Switzerland: 504 pp., illustr. FOX, D. W., KELLEHER, G. B. & KERR, C. B. (1977). Ranger Uranium Environmental Inquiry: Second Report. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, ACT: Vol. I, viii + 206 pp., illustr.; Vol. II, ix + 415 pp., illustr. GARDNER, J. E. (1978). An International Comparison of Policies and Institutional Arrangements for National Parks and Related Reserves in Hinterland Areas. University of Waterloo President's Committee on Northern Studies Working Paper No. 2, Waterloo, Ontario: ix + 79 pp., illustr. HUNT, C. D. (1979) Legislative alternatives for the establishment of a wilderness area. Northern Perspectives, VII (2), pp. 2-6. LYSYK, K., BOHMER, E. E. & PHILPS, W. L. (1977). Alaska Highway Pipeline Inquiry. Minister of Supply and Services, Ottawa: xvi + 171 pp., illustr. MOSLEY, J. (1976a). Canberra dumps parks. Newsletter (Conservation Foundation, Australia), VIII(9), p. 1. MOSLEY, J. (1976ft). Northern Territory parks must not fall into wrong hands. Newsletter (Conservation Foundation, Australia), VII(3), p. 3. NATIONAL PARKS AUTHORITY (1975). Proceedings of the South Pacific Conference on National Parks and Reserves. Department of Lands and Survey, Wellington, New Zealand: v + 299 pp. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE (1978). Management Policies. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C.: 10 chapters separately paged. NELSON, J. G. (1976). The future role of conservation reserves in the Arctic. Contact, VIII(4), pp. 76-116. NELSON, J. G. (1979). Canada's Wildlands. School of Urban and Regional Planning, Working Paper No. 4, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario: 124 pp., illustr. NELSON, J. G., NEEDHAM, R. D. & MANN, D. L. (Eds) (1979). International Experience with National Parks. University of Waterloo Geography Publication Series No. 12, Waterloo, Ontario: xi + 624 pp. NELSON, J. G. & SCACE, R. C. (Eds) (© 1968, publ. 1969). The Canadian National Parks: Today and Tomorrow. University of Calgary and National and Provincial Parks Association of Canada, Calgary, Alberta: xv + 1027 pp., illustr. [our copy is indicated as '© 1968' and 'Published 1969'.—Ed.] NELSON, J. G., NEEDHAM, R. D., NELSON, S. H. & SCACE, R. C. (Eds) (in press) The Canadian National Parks Today and Tomorrow: Conference II, Ten Years Later. University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario: Vol. I, 548 pp., illustr., Vol. II, 334 pp., Ulustr. NEWMAN, Hon. Kevin (undated). Uranium—Australia's Decision: Statement by the Honourable Kevin Newman— Minister for Environment, Housing and Community Development. Australian Government, Canberra, Australia: 8 pp. NORTHERN TERRITORY RESERVES BOARD (cited as NTRB) (1977). Twenty-first Annual Report. Alice Springs, Australia: 17 pp., illustr. OTTAWA CITIZEN (1978). Decision on Yukon oil described as arrogant. 7 July, p. 9. PARKS CANADA (1978). Parks Canada Policy (draft). Parks Canada Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Ottawa, Ontario: 118 pp. PARKS CANADA (1979). Parks Canada Policy. Parks Canada Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Ottawa, Ontario: 79 pp. PIESSE, R. D. (1974). Response to Sylvia Crowe. P. 179 in Second World Conference on National Parks (Ed. Sir Hugh Elliott). IUCN, 1110 Morges, Switzerland: 504 pp., illustr. POLUNIN, N. & EIDSVIK, H. K. (1979). Ecological principles for the establishment and management of National Parks and Equivalent Reserves. Environmental Conservation, 6 (1), pp. 21-6, illustr. ROBINSON, A. (1978). Comment on Commonwealth I State Interactions in the National Park Field in Australia. U.S. National Park Service, Denver, Colorado: 2 pp. SCACE, R. C. (1976). Western Canadian antecedents to northern conservation reserves. Contact, VIII(3), pp. 3-29. SHOENBAUM, F. J. (1976). Natural area preservation in the Soviet Union and the U.S.: A comparative perspective. Am. J. Comparative Law, XXIV(3), pp. 521-39. SUMMER, D. (1973). Wilderness and the mining law. The Living Wilderness, XXXVII(121), pp. 12-3. VINER, Hon. Ian (undated). Uranium—Australia's Decision: Statement by the Honourable Ian Viner, Minister for Aboriginal Affairs and Minister Assisting the Treasurer. Australian Government, Canberra A.C.T.: 6 pp.


Oil companies in North Dakata are facing opposition to unitization from mineral owners, who are becoming convinced that secondary recovery operations are largely futile and even detrimental. Mineral owners in Burke County are concerned over waterflood units that have not worked. The concerns of the mineral owners are discussed.


"Point-diffraction" ptychographic methods use small-area illumination of relatively simple diffracting objects, e.g. in the context of point-diffraction interferometry or spot-scanning microscopy. The resulting interferograms can be adequately sampled with relatively few detector pixels, and the reduced data volume enables the use of faster or more accurate reconstruction algorithms that might not be usable in conventional wide-field ptychography. In one algorithmic approach, "first-principles ptychography", the diffraction object's optical transfer function and the illumination field are simultaneously reconstructed without relying on any assumptions about the internal structure or diffraction mechanisms within the object or illumination optics. This capability would be useful for applications such as interferometric testing of optics for EUV lithography and inspection/metrology.


The existence of radioactive waste (or 'radwaste') has become a problem that afflicts the nuclear industry worldwide. The search for a social consensus on radwaste management strategies is proving to be one of the most complex challenges facing nuclear technological development. The categories of radwastes that are currently of greatest concern are spent nuclear fuel (SF) that is discharged from nuclear power reactors and high level waste (HLW) arising from reprocessing of SF, as they continue to accumulate in storage facilities around the world and perceived to be without an end solution to their existence. Like many other nuclear countries, South Africa too is facing major decisions about future management of SF that is generated from its nuclear power and research reactors. It remains undecided on which of the available spent fuel management (SFM) options it must adopt. This research study seeks to produce a framework for evaluating SFM options that will identify and characterise the elements or aspects to be analysed, and use it to evaluate the SFM options in order to identify a preferred or optimum option for South Africa. The methodological approach to this study involves the use of literature research, a case study on Eskom's SFM approach and a questionnairebased survey complemented by in-depth interviews with key stakeholders of nuclear power in South Africa. These qualitative methods are used to verify and validate the SFM evaluation framework. To complement the qualitative approach, a cost analysis of the options based on input from Eskom and literature data as well as on assumed scenarios, is carried out. Both the qualitative and the cost analysis lead to identification of a preferred SFM option for South Africa. Three principal SFM options were identified and evaluated: the reprocessing and recycling (or closed fuel cycle) option, the direct disposal (or once-through fuel cycle) option, and the indefinite storage (or deferral-of-a-decision) option. There are at least nine categories of issues that have been identified as factors affecting these SFM options: technology, safety, environmental impact, proliferation resistance, physical security, economics, sociopolitical influence, ethical principles and institutional capability. These formed the evaluation framework and were used as the criteria for the assessment of the SFM options. Based on the analysis conducted in the study concerning the feasibility of the SFM options for the South African context in terms of these criteria, it is concluded that the direct disposal option is the most favourable option for implementation in the South African nuclear power programme. However, all three options have their technical merits but are also contentious in various degrees both within the nuclear industry and the public domain.


Beauty of fresh flower always attract the mankind from dawn of civilization. It may because of the attractive, charmness of flower which is mainly due to the colour of flower. The scope of utility and importance of flower have been realized throughout the world. Dehydration technique has enabled to preserve certain flowers and foliages in such a way that their fresh look appearance is maintained for several months or even years until in natural processing of drying will fade the flower colour. Dried and preserved plant materials are increasingly popular for home décor. Colour of dried flower should be maintained is a very difficult task and important issue for best production of value added product. Aesthetic value of various artistic arrangements depends on the colour intensity of dried flower. Colour plays an important role, affected slightly or in negligible amount in dehydration. For a best value addition it is necessary to know the suitability of technique. The present paper concerned with the change in the behaviour of different colour of flower during dehydration. The results of this study clearly indicate that behaviour of flower colour after dehydration was not only dependent on the specific category of colour but also it may be internal and ultra structural, factors too.


We present near-field photothermal heating capability of an aperture SNOM probe by exploiting a bowtie nanostructure on top of the probe aperture, which operates as a nanosource of heat to activate underlying nanoparticle. Heat generation density calculated for the bowtie nanostructure at its absorption resonance wavelength of 694 nm verifies efficient concentration of heating power at the bowtie tips, due to optical near-field effects. Total absorbed power for the nanodisk beneath the probe has the same resonance wavelength at 694 nm, which confirms that the temperature increase produced at the underneath nanoparticle is due to utilizing the bowtie nanostructure on top of the SNOM probe as a heat nanosource. Temperature rise of about 680 K, confined to a nanodisk with 10 nm diameter has been demonstrated. Based on these results, the plasmonic SNOM probes can be promising tools for the localized heating in thermally activated processes, such as near-field optical chemical vapor deposition (NFO-CVD).


With the implementation of veterans integrated service networks (VISNs) and the shift toward communitybased primary care, VA has made tremendous strides in improving access to veterans' health care. We know, for example, that the number of veterans served by VA increased 30 percent from 1996 to 2000. In addition, more than 400 VA community-based outpatient clinics (CBOCs) currently provide care to veterans throughout the system. Moreover, 87 percent of veterans who enroll for VA health care services are able to be seen by a VA provider within 30 miles of their home. These are substantial accomplishments! Technological advances are also helping VA improve access to care. Telephone triage and advice programs have been implemented at all VA hospitals, and health education is available to veterans on the Internet. Last year, VA provided more than 350,000 consultations via telemedicine. Telemedicine and in-home teleconsultation programs have also been implemented for spinal cord injury patients. In 1998 and 1999, the Vet Center program implemented the Vet CenterLinked Primary Care Project, which uses telemedicine to make primary care more accessible for high-risk, under-served veterans. In addition, the use of computers and electronic communication is improving care coordination and cutting through barriers of care. One new software program, Web Top, allows VA physicians and nurses to view patient records from other sites. With "real-time" information sharing, the medical decision-making process is expedited and patients receive the services they need faster. VA has also made it easier for veterans to apply for VA health care by eliminating nearly threequarters of the forms we once required for application and enrollment. Veterans may now obtain applications for enrollment and medical care on the Internet. In addition, they can send the forms electronically to the VA health care facilities of their choice, or they can print out the completed forms and mail them.


There are, however, also two issues which, I believe, would have benefited from more attention. First, in many articles the analysis of the discourse strategies and linguistic features could have been undertaken in more depth. They are often insufficiently detailed to provide support for the authors' rather general claims (e.g. neither Lundgren's nor van Praet's study illustrates how their interlocutors actually achieve their aims by drawing on a range of distinctive discursive strategies). Second, it would have been useful if the links between the various case studies, as well as the potential implications for organizational discourse, had been made more explicit both within the various contributions and in the introduction. With the exception of Cap's article, this special issue focuses exclusively on spoken discourse. The editors justify this by noting that 'there can be no doubt about what really matters is what people in organisations say or hear, more than what they read or write' (p. 5). There is certainly much truth in this, but it is also worth noting that there is a good deal of recent research highlighting the increasing significance of electronic communication in organizational settings (e.g. Fulk and DeSanctis, 1995; Hinds and Kiesler, 1995). Overall, however, this special issue on Discourse in Organizations provides an interesting and multi-faceted contribution to current research in organizational discourse. Since it covers a wide range of topics on organizational discourse, it should attract a wide audience of researchers, and may be particularly appealing to those with an interest in methodological aspects and the various advantages of combining multiple approaches in research on discourse in organizations.


Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is hormonal imbalance condition as the endocrine and metabolic disorder that induces the infertility and various complications in reproductive age women. Estradiol valerate (EV) is used hormone replacement therapy in menopausal women and is reported that excessive administration of EV induces the PCOS. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is the factor to regulate the survival and maturation of developing neuronal cell and is also synthesized in ovary. And NGF is overexpressed in EV-induced polycystic ovary (PCO) as previously reported. Therefore, this study examined the possibility of NGF as can be used the biological marker in diagnosis of PCOS, the hormonal imbalance condition, using PCO and CHO (chinese hamster ovarian) cell lines. The concentration of EV treatment is optimized a 1 mg as not influence on the proliferation of CHO cell but 2 mg and 3 mg of EV treatment have the inhibition effect at initial stage. The morphological change was not observed in CHO cell after dose dependent manner treatment of EV. Expression of NGF mRNA and protein is significantly increased at 30 min after EV treatment in CHO cells compared to that of control. And NGF protein expression is strongly increased in PCO tissue, which observed many follicular cysts compared to normal ovary tissue. Taken together, overexpression of NGF may be act as a molecule to induce an abnormal development of follicle, suggesting that NGF can be used as a biological marker in diagnosis of PCOS.


In this paper we introduce our approach on the new product design. It is followed by a definition of the designer's knowledge and experience. The first part defines the building blocks of our global approach and its positioning. The main part deals with our design approach, composed of four phases. Each one details and emphasizes the use and organization of different tools and their implications for the different company players. We do underline that these four phases are situated at an abstraction level of the product and can be taken independently. We conclude with the limits and use of this global approach, which opens new investigations in different fields of research.


Abstract : Eight years ago the AFOSR awarded us a grant to study the solar activity cycle both to understand its physical nature, and to forecast the timing and magnitude of future maxima with as much anticipation as possible. Because solar activity affects so many processes on Earth, from the reliability of solid state components on satellites, to electric power grids, to the orbital lifetime of low Earth orbit satellites, etc., such information is important to the DoD in general, and to the USAF in particular. The specific components of this study were three different tasks. The first consisted in developing an empirical forecasting scheme based on general but sound physical principles whose only objective was to provide the timing and magnitude of the following activity maximum both half a cycle and, hopefully, one and a half cycle in advance. The second task involved a realistic modeling of the magnetized flow in the solar convective envelope with the ultimate objective of producing a dynamo model sufficiently solid to allow detailed forecasting of the behavior of future cycles. The third task involved partial support for the development of the Solar Disk Sextant, a space-borne experiment which measures variations of the size and shape of the Sun with milli arc s accuracy. (AN)


In order to improve the grid power factor and compensate for reactive power,this paper adopts a static synchronous compensator(STATCOM),which can not only detect and compensate for reactive current according to the real-time change of grid reactive current,but also maintain the current phase and voltage phase of grid consistent.The paper focuses on studying the core algorithm of STATCOM,proposes a mode of direct current control based on d-q transformation,and conducts a systematic STATCOM simulation using MATLAB tools.The study result shows that STATCOM maintains the current phase and voltage phase of power grid consistent and improves the power factor of power grid under given conditions.The direct current control mode of the STATCOM has fast response,good reactive power compensation advantages,which improve the grid power factor.


We study the dynamics of vortex lattice formation of a rotating trapped Bose-Einstein condensate by numerically solving the two-dimensional GrossPitaevskii equation, and find that the condensate undergoes elliptic deformation, followed by unstable surface-mode excitations before forming a quantized vortex lattice. The dependence of the number of vortices on the rotation frequency is obtained. PACS numbers: 03.75.Fi, 67.40.Db.


People's interest in doing business is getting higher, coupled with the advancement of technology, it is increasingly helping many people to introduce their products. There are many ways that someone can do to generate income, one of which is by doing the Oriflame MLM business. To develop their business network, IBOs must be highly committed. The results of the respondents' answers regarding business commitment show that a well-committed IBO will produce a good business network, as evidenced by the achievement of better bonuses.


Published in Agron. J. 103:1834–1842 (2011) Posted online 29 Sep 2011 doi:10.2134/agronj2011.0101 Copyright © 2011 by the American Society of Agronomy, 5585 Guilford Road, Madison, WI 53711. All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. R much attention has been paid to the development of methods to derive spatially distributed maps of Chl in vegetation using remote sensing techniques (Stagakis et al., 2010; Haboudane et al., 2008; Thoren et al., 2010). Leaf Chl provides important information about the physiological status of plants and photosynthetic activity and is related to N content, water stress, and yield forecasting (Eitel et al., 2008; Zhang et al., 2008; Schlemmer et al., 2005). Chlorophyll content in higher plants consists in different types of chlorophyll molecules (chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, slightly different in their molecular structures) with different optical properties (Lichtenthaler, 1987). Both chlorophyll types show two large spectral absorption peaks, one in the blue and another in the red; in chlorophyll a, the two peaks are centered at 430 and 662 nm, while in chlorophyll b the two peaks are centered at 453 and 642 nm. Although light is also absorbed by many other secondary pigments that play different roles in plant physiology, photosynthesis in green plants is mostly driven by light collected primarily by chlorophylls (Heldt, 2005). While in the blue spectral region other pigments present in leaves have a considerable absorption, the spectral region between 600 and 700 nm is mostly dominated by chlorophyll a absorption only (Sims and Gamon, 2002). Therefore, this spectral region has been proposed as the most suitable spectral interval to retrieve Chl from spectral reflectance measurements. Thanks to the existence of earth observation satellites with a high temporal resolution, the physiological status of plants can be remotely estimated and monitored, for example, for yield prediction, crop classification, and land cover change detection (Weissteiner and Kuhbauch, 2005; Baez-Gonzalez et al., 2002; Chang et al., 2007; Carrao et al., 2010). The development of optical remote sensing techniques allows measurements within the spectral interval where important absorption features of pigments are present. In the last few years, several spectral indices have been proposed with the aim of quantifying different pigments from reflectance data, with the most emphasis put on Chl. These indices include the MERIS terrestrial chlorophyll index (Dash and Curran, 2004), triangular chlorophyll index (Haboudane et al., 2008), red-edge index (Gitelson et al., 2005), modified chlorophyll absorption ratio index (Daughtry et al., 2000) and the modified normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) (Sims and Gamon, 2002). An overview and tables of Chl-sensitive indices was provided by Haboudane et al. (2008) and le Maire et al. (2008). These indices are limited to a few bands (two to five bands), however, thereby not completely detecting the subtle variation in Chl-specific spectral absorption features (Darvishzadeh et al., 2008). Moreover, most of these indices are sensitive to confounding factors such as vegetation structure or soil heterogeneity (Verrelst et al., 2010) and show saturation at high Chl values (Wu et al., 2010a). Alternatively, some studies have used the continuum shape of the reflectance profile between 600 and 700 nm to relate with ABSTRACT


Preclinical studies have attributed 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) a direct negative effect on tumor progression, as well as chemosensitizing, differentiating and immunomodulatory properties. On the other hand, L-thyroxine (T4), via a thyroid hormone receptor on plasma membrane integrin αvβ3, promotes solid tumor growth and neoangiogenesis, therefore lowering endogenous T4 reduces tumor growth rate. We present the case of two patients with metastatic triple negative breast cancer and metastatic pancreatic cancer respectively, who benefit of the sole treatment with antithyroid drugs and exogenous administration of T3 (liothyronine). In these cases tumor growth was accompanied by T3 depletion in plasma, which may represent a novel marker for progression.


Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) is a high resolution infrared sensor on board EUMETSAT's polar-orbiting satellite METOP. The instrument provides information on temperature and humidity with a high vertical resolution and accuracy. IASI radiances can be helpful for the determination of trace gases as well as land and sea surface temperature, emissivity and cloud properties. A thinned set of 366 IASI channels as proposed by Andrew Collard from ECMWF was initially used in this study. A number of about one month long IASI experiments assimilating a subset of 366 IASI channels in the ALADIN model have been completed. Radiance biases are corrected applying variational bias correction (VarBC) scheme. Active IASI channels from the ECMWF subset were selected using channel monitoring technique, which is based on analysing time evolution of bias corrected IASI radiances with respect to the analysis. Additionally, impact of IASI radiances on the 48-hours forecasts is studied.


Serverless computing is an emerging execution model in the cloud in which all required infrastructure and resources are fully managed by cloud providers. The promising features of serverless technology have created a new research focus on building the next generation serverless machine learning. In this paper, we propose a serverless machine learning platform for serving models in real-time by leveraging Google serverless cloud services. We evaluate the proposed platform by serving an NLP model built for crisis detection over Twitter platform. Our experimental results substantiate that serverless machine learning provides lightweight and cost effective cloud services for building highly scalable applications for real-time ML model predictions.


Submitted for the MAR10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Strong electromechanical coupling of an AFM cantilever to a few-electron quantum dot STEVEN D. BENNETT, McGill University, LYNDA COCKINS, YOICHI MIYAHARA, PETER GRUTTER, AASHISH A. CLERK — Mechanical objects provide extremely sensitive probes to measure quantum electronic systems. The damping of an atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilever capacitively coupled to a quantum dot exhibits Coulomb blockade peaks as a function of bias voltage in much the same way that Coulomb blockade peaks occur in the conductance through a quantum dot. It has long been predicted that level degeneracy in the dot results in asymmetric lineshapes in the Coulomb blockade peaks of the conductance, as well as temperature-dependent shifts of the peak positions. We extend this theory to the case of mechanical damping, and find that the effects of degeneracy are enhanced due to an increased sensitivity to the asymmetry between adding or removing an electron from the dot. Furthermore, by driving the cantilever to large oscillation amplitudes we enter a regime of strong coupling where the lineshape asymmetry is enhanced dramatically. The high sensitivity of the AFM damping to level degeneracy has allowed both the shifts and asymmetric lineshapes of Coulomb blockade peaks to be measured in recent experiments for the first time, showing excellent agreement with theory. Steven D. Bennett McGill University Date submitted: 19 Nov 2009 Electronic form version 1.4


The distinctive feature between Web pages and conventional texts is that web pages provide the hyperlink function. The Web structure modeling is the research using this feature to explore the relation between web pages. Several studies have suggested the benefit of web structure analysis in web usage mining. This research discussed how to apply Petri Nets (PN) to model the complex website structure. Result of this study showed the structure of a website can be represented by the incidence matrix of PN.


This paper describes the current understanding of the issues behind high-frame-rate television and recent work at the British Broadcasting Corporation, which has provided an insight into the advantages of moving to frame rates of 100 frames/sec or higher and of the problems of frame-rate down-conversions from 120 to 50 frames/sec. To enable this work, it was necessary to devise display and playout systems capable of supporting frame rates of up to 150 frames/sec and to capture a range of suitable test material. This work is also described. Conclusions are drawn about the significant advantages, even at high-definition resolutions, of moving to higher frame rates.


ABSTRACT After the Commune and the terrible defeat in the war of 1870, J.-K. Huysmans, Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly, and others created a kind of art based on hedonism, beauty, a refined style, and analogical (or metaphoric) structures. Flavoured with decay and death, their decadentism was fin-de-siècle, perhaps la fin du monde. In the midst of some posturing, J.-K. Huysmans and Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly called the importance of plot into question, while exploiting the growing controversy to introduce decadent works organized by embedded themes and images. Later writers from the same tradition, like Gide and Proust, adopted the decadents' analogical structures and reintroduced traditional narrations, frequently opposing one to the other.


Two fundamental problems in robotics are the path planning for mobile robots to achieve a given task and the inverse kinematics for serial robots. In this study, these two problems were solved with two different heuristic optimization methods which are Genetic algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). GA and PSO results were compared in terms of the computational complexity of the algorithms and the feasibility of the solutions. According to the results, PSO outperforms GA with respect to both comparison criteria. Also, a new toolbox for using these optimization algorithms in robotics was developed for educational purposes. The toolbox was designed to simulate the solution of path planning problem in different environments and the inverse kinematics of a 6 Degrees of Freedom (DOFs) Puma robot with offset wrist.


Cancer patients need indwelling vein catheters for chronic treatment. However, it is likely to induce catheter-related infarction. Through the analysis of case information of resent years in our department, we find that the infarction opportunities of CVC are more than that of PICC. Main causes are indwelling environment, catheter selection and everyday maintenance. With nursing intervening in all sectors of indwelling catheters, catheter-related infarction can be prevented effectively.


Introduction his article's argument is two-fold. First, it shows how returnees (emancipated Africans and their offspring from the West) have contributed in significant ways to Ghana's history. Second, these contributions have been marginalized for a variety of reasons and rooted in a number of issues. I assert that returnees have made constructive efforts to make significant social and political contributions to society, by building on their experiences and expertise gained abroad. This work calls attention to the obscured history of nineteenth-century Diaspora returneecommunities in the Gold Coast, now Ghana, and its relevance to the study of reverse migrations in the twenty-first century. I examine several factors that contributed to the historical invisibility of returnees, and how ongoing transatlantic interactions


The distribution of heavy metals including Cd,Pb,As and Hg in bottom sediment of surface water of Qingshuitang district was detected and evaluated by adopting the index of Geo-accumulation method.The result showed that the bottom sediment of Qingshuitang district was polluted seriously by heavy metals.The pollution degree distributed in different locations were as Old Xiawan harborTongtang harborXiawan harbor and the severity order of heavy metals were as CdHgPbAs.With the most bottom sediment,Xiawan harbor had the highest proportion of heavy metals.Actually the metals of Cd,Pb,As and Hg accounted for 69.45,80.62,66.46 and 86.56% of the total sediment,respectively.As for Xiawan harbor,the section from the wastewater treatment plant to the debouchment contained the most heavy metals,with the proportion of Cd,Pb,As and Hg as 98.50,56.06,18.14 and 52.09% of the total respectively.


Nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and content caching have been introduced to effectively utilize and save bandwidth resources, thus relieving network transmission pressure. Therefore, we develop a computation offloading framework blending NOMA and content caching to further improve the computational performance. We formulate the joint computation offloading decision, resources allocation, and caching decision as an utility maximization problem under the constrains of bandwidth, computing and storage resources. We convert the original non-convex problem to a convex problem via variable relaxation and substitution. We then decompose it and introduce an alternative direction method of multipliers based distributed algorithm to solve it. Finally, simulation results show that our algorithm can quickly converge and reach up to 95% of the optimal value. It also performs well over various parameter settings.


On the principle of boosting the reliability of power supply and cutting down the loss of users,the paper discusses how to shorten the operation time of BZT on the basis that all the necessary conditions for correct and reliable operation of BZT are met.


The Effective Utility Management framework provides utilities with best practices by helping utility leaders improve system performance through planning, measurement, monitoring, and implementation.


It is proposed a novel zeotrope R290(50% R744 and 45% CO2) to be the refrigerant of a cascade refrigeration system in low temprature circuit.Also experiments and analysis on the different inlet tempratures of evaporator on cascade refrigeration test-bed are investigated.With comparisons of experiment results in same working condition between R290 and R13,the results show that the refrigerating capacity and coefficient of perfor-mance of R290 are higher than that of R13;the suction temperature,discharge temperature and compression ratio of R290 are lower than that of R13;the cycle performance of R290 is better than that of R13 when the evaporation temperature varied in-64--67 ℃;the refrigeration rate of R290 is higher than that of R13 by 7.4% when low indoor temperature is reduced to-55 ℃ in same initial temperature.


Highly sensitive imaging observations of the Galactic center (GC) at high energies with an angular resolution of order 10' is a very recent development in the field of high-energy astrophysics. The IBIS/ISGRI imager on the INTEGRAL observatory detected for the first time a hard X-ray source, IGR J17456-2901, located within 1' of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) over the energy range 20-100 keV. Here we present the results of a detailed analysis of approximately 7 × 106 s of observations of the GC obtained since the launch of INTEGRAL in 2002 October. Two years and an effective exposure of 4.7 × 106 s have allowed us to obtain more stringent positional constraints on this high-energy source and to construct its spectrum in the range 20-400 keV. Furthermore, by combining the ISGRI spectrum with the total X-ray spectrum corresponding to the same physical region around Sgr A* from XMM-Newton data collected during part of the γ-ray observations, we constructed and present the first accurate wideband high-energy spectrum for the central arcminutes of the Galaxy. Our complete and updated analysis of the emission properties of the INTEGRAL source shows that it is faint but persistent with no variability above 3 σ, contrary to what was alluded to in our first paper. This result, in conjunction with the spectral characteristics of the soft and hard X-ray emission from this region, suggests that the source is most likely not pointlike but rather that it is a compact yet diffuse nonthermal emission region. The centroid of IGR J17456-2901 is estimated to be R.A. = 17h45m42.ˢ5, decl. = -28°59′28′′ (J2000.0), offset by 1' from the radio position of Sgr A* and with a positional uncertainty of 1'. Its 20-400 keV luminosity at 8 kpc is L = (5.37 ± 0.21) × 1035 ergs s-1. A 3 σ upper limit on the flux at the electron-positron annihilation energy of 511 keV from the direction of Sgr A* is set at 1.9 × 10-4 photons cm-2 s-1. Very recently, the HESS collaboration presented the detection of a source of ~TeV γ-rays also located within an arcminute of Sgr A*. We present arguments in favor of an interpretation that the photons detected by INTEGRAL and HESS arise from the same compact region of diffuse emission near the central black hole and that the supernova remnant Sgr A East could play an important role as a contributor of very high energy γ-rays to the overall spectrum from this region. There is also evidence for hard emission from a region located between the central black hole and the radio arc near l ~ 0.°1 along the Galactic plane and known to contain giant molecular clouds.


Theoretical formula of material temperature fluctuation under modulated irradiation was presented. The formula stated that side heat exchange coefficient was a determinant factor of Bessel function's eigenvalue. The influence of side heat exchange on frequency characteristics and radial distributions of photothermal signal for opaque sample was analyzed by computed simulation, two series of experimental data were showed for verification. The result was given that side heat exchange made signal amplitude and phase delay go down, especially in low modulated frequency area.


A new method of obtaining geometric features of three-dimensional range data for human and tree recognition in an off-road environment is described. The learning algorithm AdaBoost is used to select a set of discriminative features from a very large set of potential geometric features. The proposed geometric feature can be considered as a generalisation of the geometric feature used in previous studies. The experimental results for human and tree recognition show that the proposed method outperforms the other methods.


This paper is written to suggest a methodology for assessing the value of particular combinations of INS and GPS, both feeding into a flight management system. The paper considers the complementary nature of GPS and INS sensors and the different levels of integration possible. Those benefits that are of value to civil aviation are then highlighted. The various combinations of INS and GPS sensors are evaluated against a typical transatlantic profile, taking into account certain operational demands and requirements. The paper refers to the distribution of outage durations and compares this with the INS drift rates. Finally, it addresses the quantification of performance in terms of the probability that a particular requirement is not met.

It is recognized in the paper that the methodology suggested could be refined. Nevertheless, the methodology is considered to have potential as the basis for comparing different airborne equipment configurations, and also for identifying the extent to which a particular configuration can meet the requirements for sole means as well as supplemental means navigation.


Electric power industry as an indispensable energy supply in daily life and production, which is the main motive force of equipment operation in the industrial times. Therefore, in order to meet the development needs and ensure the safety of power supply, it is necessary to optimize and transform the power grid. So that energy conservation and security of supply and demand can be ensured. In this paper, the short-circuit calculation and optimization design of distributed power distribution network are studied deeply, aiming at improving the performance of power grid and promoting the rapid development and transformation of power industry.


Three methods for the measurement of the biochemical oxygen demand in water samples (respirometer test method, test method after DIN EN 1899-1, test procedure with a new measuring instrument) were compared. Measurements have been carried out with two different sample matrices (standard-matrix after DIN EN 1899-1, waste water of a communal sewage plant). While results of the respirometer test method correspond to the test results after DIN EN 1899-1 values of the new test procedure exceed this level around 10-20 % for both matrices. The difference of hourly measured oxygen consumption data between respirometer test method and the new test procedure can be assumed to be constant.


Sound Waves Volume FY 2012, Issue No. 139 March/April 2012 Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Western Ecological Research Center are conducting new seabird and marine mammal surveys for the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) in its Pacifi c Outer Continental Shelf Region. Their fi ndings will inform future alternative-energy planning, development, and management in the northern California Current System—a biologically rich oceanic region offshore western North America dominated by the southward-


Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are widely recognized as a solution to build monitoring systems, even in critical environments. WSNs, however, are subjected to faults due to several causes (i.e. rain, EMF radiations, vibrations, etc..) and tools and methodologies for the design of dependable WSN-based systems are needed. Formal methods partially meet such needs by assessing the degree of correctness of design models and identifying potential system bottlenecks. The aim of this paper is to define a methodology for the static verification of WSN based systems using a formal language (Event Calculus). In particular we show how the formal specification can be used to verify the design of a WSN in terms of its dependability properties. To this aim, we define a set of correctness specifications that apply to a generic WSN, coupled with specific structural specifications describing the target network topology to evaluate. Finally, after having presented an automatic tool, designed to support the designer, we adopt this methodology to a case study.


The performance of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in soils strongly depends on soil electrical conductivity. Soils having high electrical conductivity rapidly attenuate radar energy, which restricts penetration depths and severely limits the effectiveness of GPR. Factors influencing the electrical conductivity of soils include the amount and type of salts in solution and the clay content. The Ground-Penetrating Radar Soil Suitability Map of the Conterminous United States is a thematic map showing the relative suitability of soils for GPR applications within comparatively large areas of the United States. This map is based on over twenty-five years of field observations made throughout the United States and soil attribute data contained in the State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) database. Attribute data used to determine the suitability of soils include taxonomic criteria, clay content, salinity, sodium absorption ratio, and calcium carbonate content. Based on additional testing, several GPR specific adjustments have been made. This paper describes these revisions and outlines the procedures used to develop the revised map. The revised map limits areas that are rated as being "Unsuited" for GPR to saline and sodic soils, reassesses calcareous and gypsiferous soils, and provides a mineralogy override for soils with low activity clays. This map can be used to assess the relative appropriateness of GPR for soil investigations within comparatively large areas of the conterminous United States. Published by Elsevier B.V.


Cross-national surveys are increasingly being set up or used in analyses, and so are cross-cultural surveys in general, including those conducted in different ethnic groups within a single country (Smith 2010; Van de Vijver 2013). It is therefore more pressing than ever to have a sound methodology at one's disposal that allows a researcher to produce equivalent data that can be meaningfully compared across countries and cultures. After all, equivalence is the prerequisite for any sound conclusions. In the words of Johnson (1998, p. 30): "In addition to the traditional reliability and validity requirements for monocultural survey instruments, researchers conducting cross-cultural survey research have the added concern of equivalence. Indeed, cross-cultural research demands a commitment to the establishment of equivalence that is at least equal to the attention routinely reserved for the problems of reliability and validity." From a quantitative perspective and for multiple-item scales, equivalence is often discussed within a three-level framework that distinguishes between configural, metric, and scalar invariance (Meredith 1993; Steenkamp and Baumgartner 1998; Vandenberg and Lance 2000). The lowest level that is required for cross-cultural comparisons is configural


Application of the Ricardian Rivalry Actions have been used in this research to share academic knowledge with the Zimbabwean business community on some of the strategies applicable in a highly competitive and dynamic environment. A simple random sampling technique was used to collect secondary qualitative data, using desk research from a sample of 12 business organizations operation in Harare, the capital of Zimbabwe. Allusion and salutations were made to previous literature about competitive actions that can be exploited by companies in dynamic economies for survival. The study recommends numerous actions for companies to fully exploit market potential, amongst which include leveraging on a cost-leadership position, exploiting unique resource availability, and integrating both cost and differential advantages as a way to out-do competition. Key terms: Ricardian Actions, Zimbabwean Business Industry, Rivalry Actions.


High performance operation of interior permanent magnet machines relies heavily upon machine characteristics or parameters. Thus the performance of the control is heavily tied to this determination of machine parameters, and any errors therein can degrade performance. Proper characterization can help towards the goal of the highest performance controller, but knowing the effects of parameter variation can allow the control designer to predict what variations will have the largest negative effect upon performance. This method uses the most accurate characterization methods to date, and finds the effects of variation of these found parameters. This analysis can be used to develop controllers sensitive to parametric change. Once the actual parameters are found, the effect of parameter variation upon output performance is determined.


A guide to research resources for Professor Beuchner's online course in Critical Thinking and Bioethics. Links to sources of information about citing in MLA style


a literary kind, more or less severe, and laboring under peculiar disadvantages in writing, that our best place to find words is in our old copy of Webster's Unabridged. It is a compendium of knowledge, so vast and universal as to be indeed nigh wonderful ; and we see with surprise that the publishers, Messrs. Merriom, Springfield, Mass., are issuing a new edition, and learn further that in addition to the 118,000 words in the former, this edition has 4,600 new words, besides a biographical dictionary of 9,700 names. Any one who wishes a book, good for all time will find it here. We confess that we often turn


A surgical instrument, especially for a laparoscopic or minimally invasive surgery, comprising - at least two mutually movable clamping parts (10, 20) with clamping surfaces (11, 21) for grasping tissue in a closed condition of the clamping surfaces (11, 21) and - a cutting device (30) having a cutting edge (31) in a longitudinal direction (X) relative to the clamping parts (10, 20) for cutting the combined fabric is movable, characterized, in that the clamping surfaces (11, 21) of the clamping parts (10, 20) in the closed state at an acute angle (α) relative to the longitudinal direction (X), in which the cutting means (30) in front is moved back and are inclined.


At the beginning of september 1938, nine days after its premiere at the Teatro Espanol and in the middle of the Spanish Civil War, the theatre performance Ak and Mankind, written originally by Halma Angelico, and adapted from the tale with the same title by the Russian author Jefim Sosulia, was cancelled by government act after conflict arisen in the Anarchist press against the author and her work.


Knowledge is produced and developed in social and spatial settings, such as communities and networks. Knowledge and its spaces are complex and dynamic, which poses a problem to the modeller of monitoring and representation. In this chapter, the elements of knowledge and space are introduced with the purpose of developing a pragmatic approach for professional practice. Knowledge and space are discussed in terms of their interrelatedness, hierarchy and dimensionality. We continue to approach methods of representation by outlining key themes in frame and data analysis. These 'abstract' notions are given greater substance by way of a provocative case-study example of social and spatial change relating to a refuse disposal site in Merseyside. Finally, an overview of the remainder of the present book is provided.


Background: Several studies have reported prevalence of overweight or/and obesity in school children with ages ranging from 714 years. There are not studies on the anthropometric and nutritional status in primary school girls in Madinah Munawarah. Objectives: to determine the prevalence and the risk factors associated with obesity among female school-aged children in primary schools. Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out in randomly selected 2000 students from 28 schools in Madinah Munawarah in primary schools girls aged between (6 and 12 years). Their height and weight were measured and weight for age, height for age and body mass index (BMI) for age were calculated. The children's information was obtained by interview and 24hrs recall was completed by mothers for accuracy. Results: The prevalence of overweight & obesity was 30.6 & %26.8 %. respectively. There were a high positively significant difference between age & weight, height & BMIFAZscore (P<0.01). It is noticed that the 37% for girls were exercise. And noticed that the 100% of girls consume snakes, 33.6% sweets and chocolate and 62.3% chips. While It is noticed that the 43.5% of girls consume fast foods, 48.9% of girls consume fast foods one Week. 38.4 % of girls drinking Carbonated water. The mean for the macronutrients was high, except for fat mean which was within RDI. Total calories come from Carbohydrate 54.96%, Protein 20.5 %, and Fat 25.9 %. Recommendations: Removing sugar-sweetened beverages from school food stores. Improving home eating behaviors. Increasing physical education hours and consumption of healthy food by the school curricula. [Manal A. Hasanein and Soha H. Abdul Jawad. Prevalence of obesity and risk factors among female school-aged children in primary school in Madinah Munawarah. Life Sci J 2014;11(7):424-433]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 52


The invention discloses an FA execution condition evaluation method and an FA execution condition evaluation system based on a mirror image message. The method comprises the steps of mirroring a collected message, thus obtaining the mirror image message; storing and forwarding the collected message, and meanwhile analyzing the mirror image message, thus obtaining a parameter evaluating the FA execution condition; and evaluating the FA execution condition according to the parameter. The system comprises a collection terminal, used for collecting the message; a collection switch, used for receiving the message collected by the collection terminal, and storing, forwarding and mirroring the message; a front-end processor, used for receiving the message stored and forwarded by the collection switch; a mirror image message processor, used for collecting the mirror image message of the collection switch, and analyzing the message, thus obtaining the parameter evaluating the FA execution condition. According to the FA execution condition evaluation method and system based on the mirror image message provided by the invention, the automatic evaluation of the FA execution condition is achieved through using the method of obtaining the message by port mirroring of the switch.


Accurate and timely detection is important for the control of lethal disease of coconut in Ghana. To improve on the detection of the phytoplasmas involved, multiplex PCR with an in-built internal control and a real-time loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) were used to eliminate false negative results and minimise cross-over contamination. Real-time LAMP provided a fast and reliable means of diagnosis.


The present invention relates to Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) based multimedia B2BUA mode operation in the form of freezing media can provide an early media service of Session Initiation Protocol-based using the early session which allows to provide a method under. According to the present invention, in providing an early media with the calling terminal at call with the destination terminal connection according to the request of the calling terminal, the user's desire by not only the audio data to provide multimedia data such as text, image, video, and flash animation met and it is possible to maximize the satisfaction, a session Initiation protocol-based B2BUA (Back-to-Back User Agent) abnormal of the called terminal through mode operation, an incoming and an early session establishment between the individual operation management and the calling terminal of the calling terminal according to the in the operating state and to be normally the early media service provider to the calling terminal.


An optical arrangement for dual mode homing heads for imaging an object scene on two detectors contains an imaging optical system (10) with an imaging beam path, beam splitting means (22) for splitting the beam path into a first and a second partial beam path (38, 48) , a first detector (46), on which the Objektzene is imaged by the first beam path and a second detector (58), on which the object scene is imaged by the second beam path, said beam-splitting means (22) are formed by a solid body which has a beam splitting interface (28) which is such that the transmitted (38) and the reflected beam (48) of a perpendicularly entering the body surface into the body of the beam (32) perpendicular to the body surface (34, 36) from the body (22) emerges. The beam splitting means may be constituted by a beam-splitting cube (22) (24, 26), of two cube halves which are interconnected along a cube diagonal surface (28). On one of the connecting surfaces (28) may be attached to a dichroic interference filter.


Abstract I. Introduction John Philoponus (ca. 490–575) was the first and probably only universal mind of the culture of Christian Egypt. Since the publication eighteen years ago of a collection of studies entitled Philoponus and the Rejection of Aristotelian Science, this sixth-century Alexandrian philosopher, theologian and polymath has become the focus of increased scholarly interest. As a documentary papyrologist working on the sixth-century Egyptian lawyer-poet Dioscorus of Aphrodito, I had even earlier come to speculate about a possible connection between that writer and Philoponus. However, despite the growth of scholarship on the society of late antique Egypt, studies on Philoponus have until recently continued to be carried on largely within the closed universe of late antique classical philosophy, with little attention paid to the actual social world within which Philoponus lived and worked, and concentrating on only one aspect of his output, the philosophical commentaries, to the comparative neglect of his theological works and his identity as a non-Chalcedonian thinker at the time of the early growth of Egypt's separate church. What I should like to do is try and understand Philoponus better within his social background of sixth-century Egypt, the world of the Greek and Coptic documentary papyri. In his great work, the De Opificio Mundi or "Explanations of Moses' Cosmogony" (CPG 7265), Philoponus produced a Miaphysite commentary on Genesis, the goal of which was to demonstrate to the people of his own place and time that only this correct understanding of Christ, the Miaphysite one, would provide a key to understanding the created universe through correctly reconciling the data of classical science with those of Christian revelation.


This article is devoted to the research of expressive means of the English language in the texts of newspaper articles on criminal topics in "The Daily Mail". Headlines were analyzed on the subject of their structural and syntactical peculiarities, specific criminal vocabulary was figured out, and stylistic peculiarities of the texts were described. The statistics of the data made it possible to show the most frequent kind of crimes in England of today.


Land-expropriated farmers have become a social problem serious as migrant labourers in the process of urbanization.Government and academic society have attached great importance to the problem and some measures have been taken to solve it.With land losing being equal to job losing,the final solution to the problem is to help farmers transfer from farming to other occupations.At present,such a transfer includes difficulties in the respects of job hunting,job adaptation and job stability.This paper suggests the government come up with corresponding facilitating strategies as soon as possible to ensure the smooth transfer.


Nanocomposites built by intercalation of negatively charged Ni hydroxy citrate species [Ni(C6O7H3)x(OH)]yy(3x−1)− and NiCl42− guest entities in the interlayer space of host Mg/Al layered double hyd...


Poster presented at the 3rd Asia Pacific Asia Pacific System Dynamics Conference at the University of Queensland (UQ) in Brisbane, Australia, in February 2020.


This paper presents the methods used to adapt the geometric filtering method for speckle reduction to ultrasound imaging. The geometric filtering method is an iterative algorithm for speckle reduction which was first applied to radar images obtained with well controlled axial and lateral resolution. The appearance of speckle in ultrasound images is directly related to the size of the point-spread-function which is known to vary through-out a single frame. In order to optimally apply the speckle reduction algorithm in ultrasound, the effects of transducer geometry, center frequency shifts, and beamforming geometry were modeled and used to resample either the raw or video data before speckle processing. As a result of this approach, less data needs to be processed and the number of iterations are reduced. Using commercially available signal processing hardware, speckle reduced ultrasound frames can be processed and displayed at rates approaching 2 per second. This improvement in throughput facilitates the clinical evaluation of the geometric filtering method for improving lesion detection and overall image interpretability.


pectra and nonlinear optical properties of 2-nitro-5-(N-methyl-N-octadecylamino)benzoic acid (NMOB) in Langmuir -Blodgett (LB) films have been studied by steady state, time-resolved fluorescence and second harmonic generation (SHG). The steady state fluorescence spectra of NMOB have a big red shift in LB films than that of in the solution. There was a very small difference comparing pure NOMB Y-type LB multilayer films with NMOB/arachidic acid alternated LB multilayer films. The fluorescence decay time was longer in NMOB solutions than that of in LB films because of inter-molecule interaction. Interaction of intralayer NMOB molecules is bigger than that of interlayer the molecules in Langmuir-Blodgett multilayer films. The intramolecular natural dipole was formed because of the bilateral asymmetric substitute of benzene. So a rather large macro-dipole could be formed in NMOB/arachidic acid alternated LB multilayer films. Therefore, NMOB molecules in LB films have a large second order nonlinear optical susceptibility. The hyperpolarizability β was about 410~(-29) esu.


To transparently encrypt/decrypt data stored in Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), the Key Management Server (KMS) has been designed to automatically assign encryption zone keys (EZK) to encryption zones. However, the current key-management scheme suffers from performance bottleneck. In this paper, dividing key files for storing key data into metadata file and material file, we propose a memory-disk coordinated key management architecture for Hadoop EZK to manage massive keys, where a tree structure is designed to index key metadata stored in memory, and the inverted index structure is used to record materials stored on hard disk. Further balance-tree-based management algorithms without Java serialization is designed to efficiently query keys (including metadata and materials). A series of theoretical analysis are conducted to show the upper and lower boundary of metadata query. Finally, we implement the above scheme in the Hadoop KMS without modifying the original key-management interfaces. A series of experiments are carried out on the simulated data. Experimental results show that, our scheme can efficiently manage ten billion keys and perform much better than the existing KMS in Hadoop.


The aim of this survey was to determine the prevalence of anti-pestivirus antibodies in dairy goats from the semiarid region of the Paraiba state, Northeastern Brazil, as well as to identify risk factors associated with the flock-level prevalence. A total of 1,092 dairy goats from 110 flocks randomly selected in the county of Monteiro, Paraiba state, during March 2009 to March 2010, were used. In each selected flock a epidemiological questionnaire was applied to verify the occurrence of possible factors that could be associated with the flock-level prevalence. For the serological diagnosis of Pestivirus infection the serum neutralization test, using the BVDV-1 NADL strain, was carried out. Flock-level prevalence was 6.36% (95% CI = 2.60% – 12.67%) and animal-level prevalence was 0.82% (95% CI = 0.38% – 1.56%). Not to perform vermifugation (odds ratio = 10.49; p = 0.035) and to perform navel cut and disinfection (odds ratio = 12.73; p = 0.034) were identified as risk factors. These results indicate viral circulation in dairy goats in the semiarid region of the Paraiba state.


The invention provides a warning noticing method and a system used for colony monitoring, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a preset sending strategy is stored in a colony monitoring device; the colony monitoring device receives warning information from a monitored colony, short message information is generated according to the warning information, and the warning information and the preset sending strategy are matched to determine a short message sending strategy; the colony monitoring device sends the short message information and a short message receiving part to a short message sender or a network according to the short message sending strategy; the short message sender or the network receives the short message information and the short message receiving part from the colony monitoring device, and the short message information is sent to one portable device or a plurality of portable devices; one portable device or a plurality of portable devices receives/receive the short message information from the short message sender or the network and presents/present the short message information to the user. The invention sends the warning information by a short messageway to realize that the warning information is informed to the user in real time, and therefore, the notice is not easy to be ignored, and the user can receive the warning notice at any place.


The two photon decay width of the neutral pion is analyzed within the combined framework of Chiral Perturbation Theory and the 1/Nc expansion up to order p^6 and p^4 times 1/Nc in the decay amplitude. The eta' is explicitly included in the analysis. It is found that the decay width is enhanced by about 4.5% due to the isospin-breaking induced mixing of the pure U(3) states. This effect, which is of leading order in the low energy expansion, is shown to persist nearly unchanged at next to leading order. The chief prediction for the width with its estimated uncertainty is 8.10+-0.08 eV. This prediction at the 1% level makes the upcomming precision measurement of the decay width even more urgent.
Observations on the eta and eta' can also be made, especially about their mixing, which is shown to be significantly affected by next to leading order corrections.


Sometimes capitalism doesn't feel very advanced, does it? At least not in a positive sense, given the part it has played in environmental destruction, animal brutality, war, discrimination, inequality, and exploitation. We can say with some certainty, however, that capitalism has been with us a long time, that it has changed and expanded its nature and reach, and that it remains both laden with crisis and blessed with success.


The design and preparation of a cement-based composite material (CCM) with a strength gradient is described. The strength gradient was achieved by altering the water/cement ratio and the curing time along the section height of the sample. The experimental results were compared with thermal-gradient-induced deformation (TGD) obtained in K0DCGF tests (freezing with non-uniform temperature under loading after K0 consolidation). The deformation behaviour in the CCM, which was different from any previously functionally graded material, coincided well with the TGD. The scaled-up mean stress and strain of the CCM were, respectively, over 97% and less than 120% of the values obtained in the K0DCGF test. A simulated TGD profile from the CCM was used to characterise the thermal-gradient-induced heterogeneity. A linear response between peak strength or volumetric strain and heterogeneity was observed in the K0DCGF test, and this was independent of the selection of the describing variable. The use of CCMs to model an...


In the foundation of defining the concept of the film of Minority,In the past two decades,schol-ars studied the film of Minority from the idea,image style and characters,narrative mode,directing,shooting style,geographic,ethnic relations between film and anthropology,Through the studying,it helps to development and innovation of the film of Minority.


Introduction Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) symptoms are among the commonest complaints for which patients seek medical attention. Characteristics of patients undergoing UGI endoscopy (UGIE) at the district hospital in Ghana are largely unknown. This study was to document the demographic characteristics, indications and endoscopic findings of patients undergoing UGIE at the district hospital in Ghana. Methods This study used a cross-sectional design to consecutively recruit 371 patients referred to the Endoscopy Unit of the St. Dominic Hospital, Akwatia for UGIE. Demographic data and indications for the UGIE were recorded. Endoscopic findings per each participant were recorded. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection was confirmed by rapid-urease examination of gastric antral and body biopsies at endoscopy. Results There were 159(42.9%) males out of the 371 patients. The age ranged from 4 to 94 years with a median age of 46 years. Dyspepsia was the commonest indication occurring in 282(76.0%) patients. The commonest endoscopic diagnosis was gastritis which occurred in 261(70.4%) patients. The prevalence of H. pylori obtained by immediate rapid-urease-campylobacter like- organism (CLO) test was 44.9%. Conclusion The main indication for UGIE in the studied patients was dyspepsia and most of these patients had gastritis on endoscopy. Only few patients had normal findings. The prevalence of H. pylori in this population was low compared with most of the previous studies done in the country. There is the need to establish more endoscopy centres within the district hospitals in the country and more health professionals trained to perform them.