This paper demonstrates the utility of 19 F/ 13 C chemical shift correlation 2D-NMR experiments for characterizing fluoropolymers. 19 F{ 13 C} HMQC and HMBC (with simultaneous 1 H decoupling) provide greatly simplified spectra with almost no loss of sensitivity compared to the routinely used 1 H-{ 13 C} heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (HMQC) and heteronuclear multiple-bond connectivity (HMBC) NMR experiments and exploit the large chemical shift dispersion of both 13 C and 19 F nuclei to achieve tremendous spectral dispersion. The utility of these methods in obtaining resonance assignments is illustrated using spectra of poly(1-chloro-1-fluoroethylene-co-isobutylene).


The discovery of an efficient process to "dissolve" Nafion at the beginning of the 1980s has boosted the development of efficient fuel cells. Indeed, the preparation of electrodes with very high active areas, of homogeneous and thin membranes by solution casting, and of new composite membranes then became possible. After a short review on swelling properties and dissolution of Nafion membranes, this article focuses on the structure and properties of these solutions and on the obtaining of membranes by solution casting. The small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering studies combined with light scattering and magnetic resonance data point out the colloidal structure of these solutions. The question of the existence of isolated polymer chains is still under debate. However, the analysis of the dilute solution scattering patterns revealed the presence of large elongated particles with a size directly related to the volume of the fluorinated polymer associated to each ionic group. This structure was confirmed by electron and atomic force microscopy pictures. The particle diameter was shown to be strongly related to polymer solvent interactions. This parameter also has a great influence on the properties of the solution-cast films and consequently it has a great impact on the electrode microstructure in membrane electrode assemblies (MEA). The light scattering studies revealed a limited stability with a strong predisposition to aggregate in larger particles. A post-thermal treatment is often necessary to restore properties similar to those of the pristine Nafion membrane.

Keywords:

ionomer dispersion;
Nafion solution;
perfluorsulfonated membranes;
structure;
solution-cast membranes


Classification is an important task in data mining and machine learning, which has been studied extensively and has a wide range of applications. Lots of algorithms have been proposed to build accurate and scalable classifiers. Most of these algorithms can only applied to single "flat" relations, whereas in the real world most data are stored in multiple tables. As converting data from multiple relations into single flat relation usually causes many problems, development of classification across multiple database relations becomes important. In this paper, we present the several kinds of classification method across multiple database relations including Inductive Logic Programming (ILP), Relational database, Emerging Pattern, Associative approaches and their characteristics, the comparisons in detail.


Congenitally blind, adventitiously blind, and sighted subjects' informal verbal response to questions about furniture arrangements verbally described by the experimenter were analyzed. From their accuracy, RT, and verbal protocols it was concluded that prior visual experience is crucial though not essential to the development of a "frame of reference," i.e., a two-dimensional symbol structure for spatial representation. The conclusion supports the belief that visual-modality perceptual-symbol-structures are useful in the development of a frame of reference and also casts some doubt on Juurmaa's conclusion (1973) that the congenitally blind develop the same type of spatial representations as the sighted.


This paper presents the synthesis of a hybrid control applied to a Unicycle Mobile Robot (UMR) based on modified Sliding Mode Control approach (SMC) integrated with Neural State Observer (NSO) and Nonlinear Disturbance Observer (NDO). Furthermore, Lyapunov's direct method is used to ensure the stability of the closed-loop control on the one hand, and the stability of the neural state observer based on the backpropagation algorithm on the other hand. The advantages of the presented hybrid controller for velocity and tracking the trajectory of a mobile robot are revealed by simulation results.


This paper reports on a sustainability outreach study based on an assessment of human and social capital. The aim was to capture the national sustainability outreach of twenty years of Environmental Sciences education, centered at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich. The study contained two lines of research, one being a human capital assessment with a survey among graduates from the years 1992 to 2005 (n = 542) and the other being a social capital analysis based on interviews with institutions that represent the Swiss social systems of economy, politics/public administration and civil society (20 institutions). Our analyses reveal several functional forms of both human capital (specialists, pioneers, leaders) and social capital (qualification profile, internalization, networks, standardization, professionalization) that trigger and channel sustainability outreach.


Résumé.- En plus du premier son, un deuxième maximum peut être observé dans le spectre des fréquen ces acoustiques des métaux supraconducteurs à températures plus basses que T c . Il est excité par les mouvements collectifs des électrons, qui influencent aussi le son habituel. La discussion se res treint au cas des spécimens purs. En ce cas la vitesse du nouveau mode est plus grande que celle du premier son. Abstract.- Collective modes in superconductors lead to a second peak in the ultrasonic spectrum be sides the first sound maximum, which is also affected. The discussion is restricted to the case of clean samples, in which case the velocity of the new mode is larger than that of ordinary sound. Collective excitations in charged supercon ductors near the critical temperature /1-A/ play a role in tunnel junctions, where they govern the fluctuating part of the current-voltage characteris tic Other kinds of experiments revealing the in fluence of these modes involve density fluctuations of both superfluid and normal electrons by way of the longitudinal dielectric function e^Im 1/e (related to the scattering cross section of electromagnetic waves and charged particles) has the following perty in the dirty limit : At the same frequency w = /2DAq the electron diffusion constant, the pair potential), where there is a maximum in the phase correlation of the order parameter, characterizing the propagating collective mode, Im a minimum. maximum and minimum dis appear, when the superconductor becomes gapless. In the clean limit /5/ more


In general only vector spaces whose scalar domains are fields have been investigated. In this paper we study vector spaces whose scalar domains are integral domains in which every ideal has a finite basis. It is shown that the theory of the linear subsets of such a vector space can be developed by using exactly the same technique which has always been applied to the ideals of an integral domain. This technique is established in the first two sections and is then used to develop the Noether decomposition theory of linear sets into "primary" linear sets.


Abstract Vapor-liquid equilibrium at 101.3 kPa has been determined for the binary systems of 1,3-dioxolane with cyclohexane, n-heptane and diethyl carbonate. The binary systems of 1,3-dioxolane with cyclohexane and n-heptane exhibit positive deviations from ideal behavior and present azeotropic points with 57% mole 1,3-dioxolane, 341.04 K and 80% mole, 345.6 K respectively. The binary system 1,3-dioxolane—diethyl carbonate behaves almost ideally. The activity coefficients and boiling point of the solution were correlated with its composition by the Redlich-Kister and Wisniak-Tamir equations.


We have established a state-of-the-art InGaAs-InAlAs-InP HEMT MMIC fabrication process for millimeter-wave high-power applications. A two-stage monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) power amplifier with 0.15-μm gate length and 1.28-mm output periphery fabricated using this process has demonstrated an output power of 427 mW with 19% power-added efficiency at 95 GHz. To our knowledge, this is the highest output power ever reported at this frequency for any solid-state MMIC amplifier.


Human mobility episodes in the pursue of better life conditions from a economic, social and cultural point of view have been a big issue in the human history. The increase of migratory flows constitute, specially in the last years, a source of concern for governments, international organizations and even the society. This article analyzes how the cinema has understood and showed the different migratory flows and its political, economic and social aspects, specially within the Spanish case.  Published online : 04 December 2014


Abstract : One military prototype meal consists of thermostabilized low- and high-acid foods in semirigid containers. These foods have in the past been thermoprocessed separately because of greatly different lethality requirements. In order to minimize production costs, the present study sought to examine the feasibility of simultaneously processing one meal consisting of chili con carne, white rice, and sliced peaches in syrup. the simultaneous processing was not possible by adjusting initial food temperatures according to computer-simulation using food temperature data collected experimentally. However, simultaneous thermostabilizing was possible when a container for the peach item was insulated properly with expanded polystyrene. The proper insulation thickness was slightly dependent on the z value of the target inactivation factor. (JES)


Abstract A new gauge-based analysis of daily precipitation has been constructed on a 0.5° latitude–longitude grid over East Asia (5°–60°N, 65°–155°E) for a 26-yr period from 1978 to 2003 using gauge observations at over 2200 stations collected from several individual sources. First, analyzed fields of daily climatology are computed by interpolating station climatology defined as the summation of the first six harmonics of the 365-calendar-day time series of the mean daily values averaged over a 20-yr period from 1978 to 1997. These fields of daily climatology are then adjusted by the Parameter-Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) monthly precipitation climatology to correct the bias caused by orographic effects. Gridded fields of the ratio of daily precipitation to the daily climatology are created by interpolating the corresponding station values using the optimal interpolation method. Analyses of total daily precipitation are finally calculated by multiplying the daily climatology b...


This chapter provides a brief overview of the principles of radiation therapy. The topics to be discussed include the physical aspects of how radiation works (ionization, radiation interactions) and how it is delivered (treatment machines, treatment planning, and brachytherapy). Recent relevant techniques of radiation oncology, such as conformal and stereotactic radiation, also will be presented. These topics are not covered in great technical detail, and no attempt is made to discuss the radiobiological effects of radiation therapy. It is hoped that a basic understanding of radiation treatment will benefit those practicing in other disciplines of cancer management.


Objective : To pick out Down's syndrome and abnormal fetus of inborn neural tube defect,and reduce the birth of con-genital defect fetus through biochemical indicator detection of pregnancy serum markers.Methods: Examination alpha fetoprotein(AFP) and Freeβglycoprotein subunits of human chorionicn(Freeβ-HCG) by Jinbiaofa half-quota one-stage process andELISA,the latter analyse and correct partial factors which possibly affects the detection result with the risk statistics software,calcu-late the risk rate,its cut-off value was 1: 270,The pregnant women whose value are higer or equal to1: 270 would be at high riskof DS,take the mid-multiple of AFP density value accee to 2.5 times of normal values as the NTD high risk.Results: There weretwo cases of Down syndrome,one case of NTD,one case of gastroschisis,two cases of sex chromosomal abnormality and two cases oftrisomy 21 undeteted.Conclusion: exanination of serum AFP and Freeβ-HCG as method to screen fetal congenital defect,especial-ly in open neural tube defect and choromosome abnormity is feasible.Ammionic fluid choromosome or umbilica test is useful to diag-nose further and could reduce the birth of deficient neonatal for high suspicion case.


Ornamental potted indoor plants provide environment friendly, self-regulating and cost-effective solutions to ameliorating indoor air pollution. The present study aimed to measure Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) of 15 commonly used indoor ornamental plant species. APTI was measured from the foliar portion of plants using their 04 biochemical parameters like chlorophyll (total), pH, relative water content, and ascorbic acid. It was found that among all plant species, Dracaena deremensis (APTI 13.03) and Ficus benjamina (APTI 12.19) appeared as tolerant; eight species (Spathiphyllum wallisii, Epipremnum aureum, Philodendron bipinnatifidum, Dieffenbachia seguine, Sansevieria trifasciata, Hedera helix, Chrysanthemum indicum, Ficus elastica) were moderately tolerant with APTI values ranging from 11.40 to 10.70. The Chlorophytum comosum (APTI 10.32) was intermediately tolerant and four were sensitive (Rhapis excels APTI 8.58, Chamadorea seifrizii APTI 8.47, Dypsis lutescens APTI 7.47, Gerbera jamesonii APTI 6.76) towards air pollution. A positive and high correlation was obtained between APTI and RWC (R2 = 0.742), and APTI and Ascorbic acid (R2 = 0.615). The present study thus helped in knowing the pollution tolerance abilities of widely used indoor potted ornamental plants. It was also revealed that the evaluation of the plant tolerance index could be useful for the screening of appropriate indoor plant species for pollution abatement.


To the Editor, We read with interest an excellent review of 30 cases reported as "squamoid eccrine ductal carcinoma," which describes squamoid and eccrine differentiation in this potentially aggressive tumor characterized by the authors as being of adnexal/eccrine differentiation. We agree with the authors that the tumors they are describing may be indistinguishable from cutaneous adenosquamous carcinoma. While our intent is not to quibble over nomenclature, with recent articles describing the utility of CD117 in differentiating tumors with apocrine/eccrine differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma, we were curious as to whether our cases of adenosquamous carcinoma would stain with CD117. Goto and colleagues have shown CD117 to be positive in the majority of apocrine/eccrine tumors in their series; however, other authors have found it to be a less reliable marker of


The role of participatory communities all over the world calls for new models and tools to support citizens in taking part in decisions about the design and planning of urban design. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) can be the basis for effective ways of participation for citizens and for helping them achieve a more active role in society. This paper describes e-ILAUD, a tool inspired to the principles of the International Laboratory of Architecture and Urban Design (ILAUD), aiming at improving citizen participation and cocreate solutions, which is currently being experimented through case studies such as Milano-Dergano and Genova-Cornigliano experiences.


A study was conducted in Odisha, a state on the east coast of India, with the objective of assessing the vulnerability of fishers' livelihood to climate change. The state was chosen for study since it is considered as one of the most vulnerable states due to climate change. A total of 120 fishers were interviewed from two districts, Balasore and Ganjam, to assess their livelihood vulnerability by considering their exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity to climate change. A composite livelihood vulnerability index by suggesting that fishers are vulnerable to climate change. For fishers of + 0.03 and for Ganjam it was 0.5 minima 0, and maxima 1 was used for the purpose. Baleswar the score was 0.56 0.04, s. The aggregated vulnerability score was found to be 0.54+The composite livelihood vulnerability index approach calculates vulnerability by aggregating data for a set of indicators for the components of vulnerability which include exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity + 0.04. Vulnerability score was relatively higher in Baleswar due to higher scores on the exposure and sensitivity parameters overshadowing the higher adaptive capacity. The study shows evidence that marine fishers of Odisha are vulnerable to climate change. Also, it throws light on the location and context specificity of livelihood vulnerability.


OF THE DISSERTATION Cooling Provisioning and Reliability Implications for Cost-efficient Datacenters by Ioannis Manousakis Dissertation Director: Thu D. Nguyen Today and for the foreseeable future, demand for datacenter capacity is constantly increasing worldwide, primarily driven by cloud computing. Large cloud providers such as Amazon, Microsoft and Google are currently deploying multi-gigawatt facilities annually. This staggering growth is costly. Just for datacenter infrastructure, excluding IT equipment, energy and maintenance costs, these companies spend approximately ten dollars to house each useful Watt of IT equipment. Due to the huge monetary incentives, cloud providers have made significant strides in reducing both capital (provisioning) and operations costs of their datacenters primarily via the adaptation of cost-efficient cooling technologies. However, significant opportunities still exist. Thus, this dissertation is dedicated to cost-efficient methods for provisioning the datacenter cooling infrastructure and the implications to server reliability. In the first part of this dissertation, we propose a method to reduce cooling costs by underprovisioning the cooling infrastructure of datacenters. Cooling costs still represent a significant capital and operational expense, mainly because cloud providers typically provision their cooling infrastructure for the worst-case scenario (i.e., very high load and outside temperature at the same time). Since extreme conditions occur very rarely, it is cost efficient to provision for less capacity (under-provision) and manage the rare


" $" " %&' #% ( " $# ) &* $ $ ' $& $ " ' $ " + , . % / " $ ! ) &, 0 $ ! ) ) 1 .( ) .( " .( ) .( ! .( .( $ . $ , % , % " ) & , " ) & % % $ " ) &% ) , 2 $ ( $ % " / ! "' / % ) 3, 4 ! %& "' $ % . $ " 5 " % " ( $" % " " $ 6 #% '" ( " "'" ( 6 $" . ) 6 6 &% 6$& , (The land itself can tell us who lived where in the ancient past: one simply needs to know how to ask and understand the answers (...). It is the land itself that speaks to us by means of place names. The words of the land's language give us the names of cities, orchards, rivers, lakes, marshes, forests, hills and other such places. People give names to places. The names of places for one nation may become the place names of another nation. That happens when a foreign power encroaches upon territory that does not belong to it. For some of the places the new invaders leave the same names they found used by the former inhabitants of the land; for other places they give new names often brought from the original fatherland). (Cited in English after S a b a l i a u s k a s 1993, 20)


The transport of relativistic electrons generated in the interaction of petawatt class lasers with solid targets has been studied through measurements of the second harmonic optical emission from their rear surface. The high degree of polarization of the emission indicates that it is predominantly optical transition radiation (TR). A halo that surrounds the main region of emission is also polarized and is attributed to the effect of electron recirculation. The variation of the polarization state and intensity of radiation with the angle of observation indicates that the emission of TR is highly directional and provides evidence for the presence of μm-size filaments. A brief discussion on the possible causes of such a fine electron beam structure is given.


E-learning has been a revolution in recent years in training field. This, combined with the increased use of mobile devices has caused the emergence of m-learning. Hence new problems have appeared in the training field, such as displaying correctly learning contents in a mobile device that has restricted features or taking into account the learner's context in the learning process, who could be anywhere. For this reason the adaptation concept is used, in order to personalize or adapt the learning contents to each student. This paper presents a case study in a real course using a multi-agent system for adapting the learning contents to the learner's context and to his/her mobile device. The results of the experiment show that the students who used the adaptive system (experimental group) obtained better grades than the students who did not (control group).


The opening of the Bonnet Carré spillway to prevent flood threat to New Orleans in April 2008 created a sediment plume in the Lake Pontchartrain. The nutrient rich plume triggered a massive algal bloom in the lake. In this article, we have quantified the spatio-temporal distribution of the plume (suspended solids) and the bloom (chlorophyll-a (chl-a)) in the lake using remotely-sensed data. We processed the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite data for mapping the total suspended solids (TSS) and chl-a concentrations. An existing algorithm was used for estimating TSS whereas a novel slope model was developed to predict the per-pixel chl-a concentration. Both algorithms were successful in capturing the spatio-temporal trend of TSS and chl-a concentrations, respectively. Algal growth was found to be inversely related to TSS concentrations and a time lag of ∼45 days existed between the spillway opening and the appearance of the first algal bloom at an observation location.


A divergence-free vector field satisfies the star property if any divergence-free vector field in some C 1-neighbourhood has all singularities and all closed orbits hyperbolic. In this article, we prove that any divergence-free vector field defined on a Riemannian manifold and satisfying the star property is Anosov. It is also shown that a C 1-structurally stable divergence-free vector field is Anosov. Moreover, we prove that any divergence-free vector field can be C 1-approximated by an Anosov divergence-free vector field, or else by a divergence-free vector field exhibiting a heterodimensional cycle.


Paper presents experimental and numerical studies of thermodynamic loss angle (TLA), which as correction constant should be entered to the program for thermodynamic analysis of engine cycle. Obtained results differ at the level of 0.2 CAD. Taking into consideration that the measurement uncertainty is not less than 0.1 CAD, the observed differences support the thesis that the TLA is a characteristic value which should be evaluated individually for each measurement issue. One took into account the also unique method of marking TDC proposed by Tazerout, Le Corre, and Rousseau. A base to marking TDC is the displacement of the course of the pressure for 0, 45° left, with relation to of the position, wherein follows the disappearance on the graph T(S) of the characteristic loop.


Introduction Low Impact Development (LID) is an alternative approach in managing stormwater runoff. Its main philosophy is to replicate the pre-development hydrological properties of water catchment. It seeks to first infiltrate, filter, store and retaining the surface runoff near to its source before draining it to downstream. Some of the common LIDs include green roofs, permeable pavement, vegetated swales, infiltration drains, bioretention cells (also known as rain gardens). While LID seems to be a viable solution to reduce the flooding problem, we would like to investigate its performance after the LID (in particular infiltration drain system) has been put into operation for some time. A case study in Prinsejagt, Eindhoven will be used as data from previous studies is available to allow for comparison on the performance of infiltration drains after ~10 years of installation. Problem definition Infiltration drain has been used in Netherlands quite extensive, it is important to find out its current performance after years of operation. Existing researches or studies of infiltration drain system concentrate on its performance when it is newly installed. Studies that look into performance of an existing system which has been put into operation for quite some time are still quite rare. Research My research focused on determining the percentage reduction in exfiltration rate at the measurement site as compared to initial readings derived from previous research. It involves the monitoring of water levels at the same locations of the infiltration (IT) drain system in Prinsejagt (as carried out the previous monitoring scheme in 2003) and to carry out IT drain model simulations. In addition, we also conducted closed-loop test at four selected stretches of infiltration pipes to ascertain the exfiltration properties of the particular stretch of pipe. First, we seek to explain the phenomenon observed at our monitoring site qualitatively before applying quantitative approaches (like graphical, curve-fitting and simulation methods) to assess the percentage reduction in exfiltration rates at the monitoring locations. Based on the projected clogging rate, simulations were carried out to predict the future system exfiltration rate. Results 1. System behaviour (of the IT drains network) coupled with the influence of groundwater level determine the overall performance of the IT drain system. 2. Individual IT pipes exhibit more varied rates of exfiltration (due to different localized conditions) 3. Verified that linear mathematical function can adequately describe the water level trends to an accuracy of 0.01m RMSE for all monitoring locations 4. Observed a 9.4% drop in exfiltration rate [L3/T] in the IT drain model. By 2021, the exfiltration rate is expected to drop by 20% from its starting value. Conclusions and recommendations Regular maintenanceto clear the accumulated sediment inside IT drains and thereafter monitoring of performanceshould be carried out so as to determine its effectivenessin increasing the overall permeability.Moreover, water quality monitoring in IT drain system could be implemented to prevent any contamination to groundwater resources. In lowering the pipe invert level of the entire IT system, the IT system performance can be enhanced during low groundwater period.


The Differential Aptitude Testing (DAT) Program was developed jointly by the Pupil Personnel Services Department of the Grossmont Union High School District and the San Diego County Regional Occupational Program. The purpose was to provide 10th grade students with individual aptitude information and techniques of career exploration for the purpose of making wise career decisions. The DAT program consisted of three stages: pretest, orientation, testing, and interpretation. Specially designed materials were developed to assist counselors in each stage of the program. The DAT Interpretation booklet, specially developed by counselors in the Grossmont District, was the key to the program and tied the DAT scores, occupations, and sources of occupational information together to help students reach career decisions. To determine the effectiveness of the program, a questionnaire was developed for the students, parents, and school members involved. Similar questions were included on each questionnaire in the same numbering sequence so that the responses of each group could be compared. The overall results of the questionnaire revealed that parents, students, and staff were positive about the prograr. The student information booklet is included. (Author/DEP) *********************************************************************** Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort * * to obtain the best copy available. Nevertheless, items of marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * * of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makes available * * via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not * responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions * * supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original. * ***********************************************************************


Coupled with the poor manufacturability of nickel titanium (NiTi) and the limitations of conventional technologies, the majority of the produced NiTi parts have simple geometries. This limits the applicability of NiTi, despite it having exceptional functional properties. Hence, Selective Laser Melting (SLM) has been proposed as an alternative method in fabricating complex NiTi structures. In the prior work, repetitive scanning has been utilised to produce high-quality samples. Nevertheless, its shape recovery response can still be further improved. Therefore, in this paper, rapid annealing was introduced to enhance its shape memory properties. It was observed that annealing at 400 C for a period of 5 minutes produced samples with higher percentages of shape recovery and transformation strain than the non-annealed samples.


> You can't think yourself out of a writing block, you have to write yourself out of a thinking block.
>
> John Rogers
Academic family physicians often struggle trying to write for publication. While there are many prolific writers in family medicine, others find writing to be a challenging task


In this article the review and the comparative analysis of methods and devices of diagnostics of static deformation foot of the person, the application in a world practice now is described. The brief description of a principle of work of devices and problems which are solved with use of these devices is given


This paper is concerned with the distributed finite-horizon fusion Kalman filtering problem for a class of networked multi-sensor fusion systems (NMFSs) in a bandwidth and energy constrained wireless sensor network. To satisfy the finite communication bandwidth, only partial components of each local vector estimate are allowed to be transmitted to the fusion center (FC) at a particular time, while each sensor intermittently sends information to the FC for reducing energy consumptions. At the FC end, a novel compensation strategy is proposed to compensate the untransmitted components of each local estimates, then a recursively distributed fusion Kalman filter (DFKF) is derived in the linear minimum variance sense. Notice that the designed DFKF update does not need to know the transmitting situation of each component at a particular time, which means that the proposed fusion estimation algorithm is easily implemented for the addressed NMFSs. Since the performance of the designed DFKF is dependent on the selecting probability of each component, some criteria for the choice of probabilities are derived such that the mean squared errors (MSEs) of the designed DFKF are bounded or convergent. Finally, an illustrative example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


In recent years, The low-frequency instability phenomenon frequently occurs in the vehicle-grid system of high-speed railway when multiple units (EMUs) operate in one railway station simultaneously, which leads to the traction blockade of EMUs and directly influences the normal operation of high-speed railway system. To solve this problem, a single-phase cascaded H-bridge multi-level active power filter (APF) directly connected to the 27.5kV traction network is proposed, which can operate in two different modes. In mode 1, APF is only utilized for inter-harmonic compensation, while in mode 2, APF is utilized for inter-harmonic and reactive compensation. To verify the suppression effect of APF on the low-frequency oscillation (LFO), some time-domain simulations in MATLAB are implemented. The simulation results show that the APF can suppress the LFO effectively in both modes. Moreover, it is also verified that the change of system parameters have little impact on the performance of APF.


A multi-free layer magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) cell includes a bottom electrode layer, an antiferromagnetic layer on the bottom electrode layer, the antiferromagnetic layer, a fixed magnetization and a magnetic layer on the barrier layer on the fixed magnetization layer. The first free magnetization layer on the first region of the barrier layer, and a first capping layer on the free magnetization layer. Free magnetization layer on the second region of the first region of the barrier layer and laterally offset, and a second coating layer on the free magnetization layer. Optionally, a read current switch comprises establishing a current path of a first free magnetization layer, concurrently, without establishing a current path including the second reading of the free magnetization layer. Optionally, the current switch to establish the read current path comprises a first and second free magnetization layer.


Carbon ions with an energy of 150 keV were implanted in {111} surfaces of copper single crystals at doses of 1016 C+ cm−2 and 1017 C+ cm−2. The radiation damage below the implanted surfaces was examined by transmission electron microscopy of cross sections of the surface regions. The effects of annealing for 30 min at 600 and 750 °C were also studied. Damage consisted of a band of small defect clusters, dislocation loops, and dislocations in the band and extending from it. The depth of this band is approximately 40% deeper than that predicted from ion range theory, and the reason for this is not clear. The range increases with larger dose. The dislocation structures are consistent with the strains due to swelling being accommodated by dislocations.


A growing literature in international law has examined the backlash against international institutions and norms and its links with the rise of nationalist parties and populism. Some of this backlash have been said to originate with populations in small towns and rural areas socioeconomically "left-behind" by economic globalization. These developments have made salient the growing economic and political polarization between urban and non-urban areas. Nevertheless, this urban- rural divide and its implications for international law have only started to be acknowledged. Aligned with these concerns, this article adopts the urban-rural divide as a geographical scale or frame to suggest a new perspective on the investment treaty regime, its backlash and reform. Outside of the particularly virulent nature of its backlash, the regime's context provides fertile ground for this frame: it is structured so that urban actors principally located in global or capital cities, such as multinational enterprises, global law firms, or national executive branches, make decisions about foreign investment projects that are often located and impact non-urban areas and populations. As this article contends, this context points to the regime's potential to impact (and address) through geographical affinities the global growth of political and economic polarization between urban and nonurban areas. The impact of these urban decisions on non-urban areas has so far principally been examined through frames that emphasize impact in terms of the "environment" or "local communities" together with calls for reforms to the regime by allocating more policy space for States. An "urban-rural" frame centers additional impacts in terms of non-urban public interest, local participation, and the distribution of resources, and queries the ability of domestic policies alone to respond to them in the pursuit of socially and economic inclusive investment.


A new method for {alpha}-particle diagnostics that allows us to determine {alpha}-particle mean energy and relative concentration with high space resolution by laser radiation scattering is discussed. This method is based on CO{sub 2}-laser radiation scattering on plasma fluctuations of the Bernstein`s ion wave type within a frequency range above the lowest hybrid resonance frequency. The relationship between the scattered radiation spectrum and the {alpha}-particle parameters is revealed. Tangent chord probing is proposed since the toroidal magnetic field curvature provides a high resolution for various cases including small-angle scattering. A theoretical analysis of the method as well as numerical calculations and estimates show that these diagnostics have strong prospects for tokamak-reactor condition applications. 3 refs., 3 figs.


IN an article that appeared earlier in the Journal, the legal issues of confidentiality and privileged communication were discussed.1 It was noted that in the states where such a privilege exists, ...


This study aims to examine the effect of audit quality, audit committee, leverage, and firm size on earnings management in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study uses secondary data. Data is collected from the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the annual financial reports from 2017-2019. The data collection method used was purposive sampling method with a total sample of 60 companies. Data analysis techniques used are multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that audit quality has a negative and significant effect on earnings management, the audit committee has a negative and significant effect on earnings management, leverage has a positive and significant effect on earnings management, firm size has a positive and significant effect on earnings management


www.thelancet.com/psychiatry Vol 2 January 2015 23 In 1999 I was preparing for the Royal College of Psychiatrists' membership exams. I remember reading up on schizophrenia and going through the list of Schneider's fi rst rank symptoms. The way the disorder was described struck me as odd from the very start. I looked at the list and thought two people with completely diff erent symptoms—no overlap at all—could both have the same disorder. They could also have the exact same symptoms, but one person could have developed them in their teens and the other person in their 50s; no problem. I dismissed this thought as an idle musing and went back to revising. At that time I was working at an innerLondon rehabilitation ward that catered to patients who had a history of homelessness. It was then that I met Jacks and Mr B. I spent a lot of time with them, talking to their families and friends, and interviewing them about their experiences. I did my best to see things from their point of view. Their presentations resonated with my intuition. Here is what I believe their experience of their illnesses was like. I don't presume to speak for them, but I will use their language rather than that of the diagnostic manuals. * Jacks is 46 years old when I meet him. His bloodshot fearful eyes remain fi xed on mine for longer than is comfortable. It is August and he wears dark brown corduroy trousers and hiking boots. He also sports a green knitted cardigan, a grey suit jacket shiny with age, a woollen multicoloured hat, and a bright purple padded coat. He slowly stands up and comes towards me warily. He is trying very hard to smile but only manages a brittle, forced expression closer to a grimace. I shake his hand, which feels dry and too warm. I introduce myself and we sit down to talk. We do this many times over months. I want to think he is less scared of me as time goes by, but I am not sure. Jacks lost control of his life in 1989, just after his 35th birthday. The whites in the satellite, he tells me, could not do much at fi rst, but it didn't take them long to start eroding his defences. They zapped him with laser beams, sapping his strength and made it clear that he was not wanted where the whites lived. This was no place for him—no place for his people. Eventually, the whites in the satellite learned how to use its laser beams to control almost every aspect of Jacks' life. They could crush his lungs or block his liver; they could even make his heart stop at any moment if they wanted. They also did things to his mind. They would suppress and take away any thoughts they did not like and they would put in the thoughts they wanted him to have. They made Jacks say mad things and act in mad ways, so eventually he drove away his wife and daughter. The whites in the satellite pushed him onto the streets to punish him. Who did Jacks think he was? He should not live in a nice home. He should not have a nice family. They punished him for his audacity. He should be out on the streets; that was all Jacks deserved. Every time Jacks tried to get in touch with his family, the beams of the satellite would make his lungs collapse and his heart race. He felt like his chest would explode. When he changed his mind, the satellite would ease off and he would be able to breathe again. Because Jacks kept defying the satellite it sent him to a bus stop, out in the cold. The satellite chained him to it with its laser beams and only allowed him to go a few steps away, into the park behind the bus stop, when he wanted to use the bathroom. Eight winters went by. A kindly couple brought food to the bus stop for him. He could see the laser beams zapping them, making them give him food so he would not die and thus be free of the torture. He could not blame them—they did not know any better. He tried to talk to them and ask them to leave him, but the satellite zapped his voice away. * I meet Mr B as he talks animatedly with one of the ward nurses. He looks like he is in his late 60s, but on his fi le it says he is 55 years old. The tone of voice is that of someone narrating an amusing anecdote, but the words he speaks are completely divorced from one another. He is standing with his back to me—too thin and too tall for his clothes. He moves in a constant dance, his movements arranged to some fast-paced unheard music of erratic tempo. The fi rst few times I stand beside him to talk—he never sits for any length of time—I make the mistake of thinking his speech is all nonsense. I persevere and gradually I am rewarded with a glimpse. I discover it is possible to play Tetris with his words until they make some sort of sense. He tells me he used to be a doctor. He also used to be an army offi cer, a robber, a husband, someone called "Scampi Jack", a prison warden, and a motorcycle rider, among other things. He was all these things. He actually is all these things. He, they—when he was in Plymouth or America or maybe Rome, he was so much more. He collects £3 a day. He used to be rich, didn't he? He feels happy and angry and dejected and cheated and lost and ecstatic and betrayed and runover. He remembers being very intelligent—the most intelligent man there was. But then they got jealous, or maybe envious, or both. He was in the army doing medicine then, he remembers that. They took him away; lots of them, faceless grunts dressed in white. They took him, strapped him, held him down, and violated him. They shocked his brain and took away his intelligence, his memory, and his knowledge. Now he cannot think Essay The wood for the trees


Einstein continues to captivate, not only for his revolutionary scientific insights but also for his complex personality and personal pursuits. In this unique contribution to the Einstein literature, physicist and acclaimed science writer, Barry Parker draws on the great scientist's letters and personal papers to explore the intellectual and emotional passions that motivated both his work and his life. Parker focuses on five aspects of Einstein's emotional nature that had a profound influence on his life and career. This is an original, insightful look at one of the greatest geniuses of all time who did so much to shape our vision of the world.


The cultural conflicts leading to commit crimes is a famous theory on crimes.With the tramsforming of social system,the number of committing crimes for female is becoming increasingly more and more.The transformation of social system is one of the most important causes for committing crimes of fermale.This cultural conflict concretely is shown in social contradition of sexual characters,struggle for value's concept of marriage,conflict of sexual psychology and ideology.Therefore,in order to decrease and hold back committnig crime,we should have a correct guidance of public opinion and set up the essential direction of cultural ideology.


A wideband digital data acquisition system has been developed to measure the clock offsets to the 10-ns accuracy required to facilitate three-way spacecraft ranging, to monitor the hydrogen maser frequency standard rates to 1 part in 10 to the forteenth power and to potentially reduce operational costs by replacing the current DSN operational time sync system.


Ensuring sustainability in companies that carry out portfolio management is possible with the successful implementation of programs/projects. Successful commissioning processes can be achieved through comprehensive planning and controlling. Different methods are followed to monitor the project/program processes based on the metrics determined and report the current situation. Besides, it is recommended to utilize various digital and lean tools to follow the progress of the project. The automatic and accurate transfer of learnings, experiences, and know-how gained in the previous projects to future projects via these tools will lead the company to increase its knowledge and competence in terms of program management. From this perspective, this study aims to create a digital execution application on Dashboard via Sharepoint and spread it throughout the company. Meanwhile, the following metrics tracking platform suggested will enable follow-up of the programs regarding the project budget, calendar, resource, and scope management as well as the detection of possible deviations faster. The suggested platform also offers to shorten the decision-making processes in terms of the data it contains, and on the path of continuous improvement for each project.


In a recent paper, "Mortality From Varicella in Children Receiving Adrenocorticosteroids and Adrenocorticotropin," Dr. K. C. Finkel1 stated, "In the author's opinion the administration of adrenocorticosteroids need be stopped (during varicella) only in patients with leukemia or diseases involving the reticuloendothelial system. In patients with other diseases which seem to carry less risk, the dosage can be reduced to a suitable maintenance level, i.e., 25 to 50 mg of cortisone daily." Dr. R. C. Eley wrote a Letter to The Editor2 in which he commented that he disagreed with Dr. Finkel.


Significance An estimated 20 million people in the United States have chronic neuropathic pain, but current analgesics are nonspecific or insufficiently effective. Here we show that advillin, a sensory neuron-specific protein, modulates axonal regeneration of a specific subset of pain-sensing afferent neurons (nociceptors) that binds with isolectin B4 and neuropathic pain. In addition, we identify the cell behavior of advillin shed-off from the growth cone in the context of axonal regeneration and thus detected advillin protein in the cerebrospinal fluid in mice with painful peripheral neuropathy. Advillin is a potential biosignature to diagnose the lesion cause of neuropathic pain associated with isolectin B4+ nociceptors. Advillin is a sensory neuron-specific actin-binding protein expressed at high levels in all types of somatosensory neurons in early development. However, the precise role of advillin in adulthood is largely unknown. Here we reveal advillin expression restricted to isolectin B4-positive (IB4+) neurons in the adult dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Advillin knockout (KO) specifically impaired axonal regeneration in adult IB4+ DRG neurons. During axon regeneration, advillin was expressed at the very tips of filopodia and modulated growth cone formation by interacting with and regulating focal-adhesion–related proteins. The advillin-containing focal-adhesion protein complex was shed from neurite tips during neurite retraction and was detectable in cerebrospinal fluid in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy, and chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve. In addition, advillin KO disturbed experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-induced neural plasticity in the spinal-cord dorsal horn and aggravated neuropathic pain. Our study highlights a role for advillin in growth cone formation, axon regeneration, and neuropathic pain associated with IB4+ DRG neurons in adulthood.


Distribution.— New World only: southern Canada to southern Argentina. Highest diversity in Costa Rico. Characteristics.— 16–26 cm. Strong, longish, slender bill, sometimes decurved. Long tail. Strong legs and feet. Iris pale or bright orange/red. Underparts usually paler than upperparts, often heavily streaked. 10 primaries. Tarsi indistinctly scutellate. Habitat.— Most species found in scrubby habitats and along forest edges. Habits.— Many species forage on the ground or low in bushes, thrashing leaves around to reveal invertebrates. Very territorial, even during the winter in some species (e.g., Northern Mockingbird). Their very elaborate songs often include phrases that mimic the songs of other species. Some sing at night. Eat invertebrates and fruit. Temperate species are migratory. Breeding.— Nest is bulky cup of sticks placed in dense vegetation. Eggs 2–6, incubated for 14 days primarily by the female. Young fledge in 13–19 days Illinois species:


Where you can find the rehabilitation in community mental health easily? Is it in the book store? On-line book store? are you sure? Keep in mind that you will find the book in this site. This book is very referred for you because it gives not only the experience but also lesson. The lessons are very valuable to serve for you, that's not about who are reading this rehabilitation in community mental health book. It is about this book that will give wellness for all people from many societies.


The article presents the results of postmortem studies of deaths due to ischemic stroke. The obtained data confirm the concept of pathogenic heterogeneity of ischemic stroke and the importance of the earliest pathogenetic treatment.


Chapter - 00: Introduction: Why you need this book Section - ONE: Why valuable content? Chapter - 01: Marketing has changed. Have you? Chapter - 02: What is valuable content and why it wins you business Chapter - 03: 'What do I say?' Guiding principles for your valuable content Section - TWO: What valuable content? Chapter - 04: S tart with a blog Chapter - 05: Distribute your valuable content using social media Chapter - 06: Keep in touch with engaging email newsletters Chapter - 07: Get search engine savvy Chapter - 08: Y our valuable website Chapter - 09: A dd deeper written content: white papers, e-books and books Chapter - 10: Diversify with different formats: video, audio and more Chapter - 11: Widen your reach: take your content on tour Chapter - 12: Valuable content for salespeople Section - THREE: How to make your marketing valuable Chapter - 13: How to write content your customers will value Chapter - 14: Making it happen: seven steps to success


This paper gives the description of a new species of the genus Aturus Kramer, 1875 from Kazakhstan. Specimen was fixed in etanol 75%, dissected and mounted in Hoyer's medium.


We retrospectively reviewed the CT of 11 patients with deep neck infections with a special emphasis on the location and extent of the infection, the presence or absence of a drainable abscess, and, if any, associated complications. CT correctly denoted the location and extent of the space infection, even though the individual layers of the deep cervical fascia per se could not be identified. Infection was most frequent at the transhyoid neck(n=7)and confined to the suprahyoid and infrahyoid neck in 2 cases, respectively. There were common spaces involved according to etiology. All 3 patients with dental infections of the lower third molar had involvement of the submylohyoid space. In 1 patient with a fishbons injury to the month floor, the infection was found at the submylohyoid space as well as sublingual space. CT clearly pointed out the presence of a drainable abscess in alll surgically proved 10 patients, among whom the gas bubbles were seen in 5 patients. In addition, CT demonstrated the significant complications of deep neck infection, and these were mediastinal involvement(n=2), airway encroachment(n=2), jugular vein thrombosis(n=2), and reactive cervical 1ympnadenopathy(n=5). We conclude that CT can be used as a principal diagnostic tool in the evaluation of deep neck infections.


The extraction methods of Agrocyb Aegerita Polysaccharid including hot water extraction,the scavenging effect of Agrocyb Aegerita polysaccharide on hydroxyl radicals (·OH)and oxygen radicals (O2-·) were tested by salicylic acid method.Studying inhibition effect on Silkworm oils oxidation system by hiobaribituric acid (TBA),The result showed that Agrocyb Aegerita Polysaccharid can detcting hydroxyl radicals(·OH)and oxygen radicals(O2-·)deeply but poorly to 1ipid peroxide.


The utility model relates to farmland mechanism, in particular to a combined machine for film removal and soil preparation. The combined machine mainly comprises a semi-mounted frame (1), a stander (2), a nail tooth frame (3), a front row of spring teeth (4), a lifting oil cylinder (5), a walking mechanism (6), a back row of spring teeth (7), a soil pulverizing roller (8), a film rolling roller (9) and a ground flattening device (10). The combined machine is characterized in that the front part of the stander (2) is provided with the semi-mounted frame (1); the tail part of the stander (2) is provided with the ground flattening device (10); and the nail tooth frame (3), the front row of spring teeth (4), the back row of spring teeth (7), the soil pulverizing roller (8) and the film rolling roller are sequentially arranged on the stander (2). The combined machine has the functions of soil pulverization and soil preparation, residual film removal and soil flattening, and the like, has high film removing rate, good flattening quality, high work efficiency and convenient use, and is good for protecting environment and land resources.


Measurements were made of ultrasound transmission velocity (UTV) and attenuation (BUA) in cores of human trabecular bone. The Young's modulus and apparent density were also determined for each specimen. Analysis of the correlation between the ultrasonic parameters and the mechanical property was conducted. The highest coefficient of determination was found for a linear combination model of UTV and BUA. It is hypothesized that the improvement in the predictive ability of this model in comparison to the univariate models is due to the two ultrasonic parameters measuring different components of the trabecular bone.<<ETX>>


By the investigations of ecological protection slope in Chuan-Yu area,the main slope (ecological) protection types are summed up and the main problems are analyzed. The design principle of the combination of grass and frutex and adjusting measures based on local conditions as well as the adopted slope ratio and the ecological protection technic of the Liangping to Changshou Expressway in Chongqing City are introduced under the prerequisite for slope stabilitation first.


This article addresses problems of optimization of power specifications and efficiency improvement of electric drives for quarter-turn valves. What is proposed is a quad-link transmission mechanism having a variable transmission function matched with the ball valve torque specification. Using the elaborated and proven methodology of comparing technical solutions at the design phase, based on the qualitative-quantitative assessment and analysis of engineering and manufacturing parameters, two alternatives of the transmission mechanism construction were compared. Advantages and disadvantages of the proposed technical solutions are being analyzed. Preferable embodiments of the high-efficiency quarter-turn valve electric drive with the proposed transmission mechanism were determined.


The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting an electric quantity of a robot storage battery. The device comprises a main control module, a voltage sensor module, a current sensor module, a temperature sensor and a display module, wherein a voltage sensor is connected with the storage battery in parallel, and the voltage sensor is used for collecting voltage information of the storage battery and transmitting the voltage information to the main control module to be processed and displayed on the display module. The current sensor module is connected with the storage battery in series, and the current sensor module is used for collecting current information of the storage battery and transmitting the current information to the main control module to be processed and displayed. The temperature sensor is used for collecting temperature information near the storage battery and transmitting the temperature information to the main control module to be processed. The main control module is connected with the storage battery in series. The storage battery electric quantity detection device is simple in structure, small and exquisite in design, wide in application, and capable of being widely applied to the storage battery which is used for supplying power for a robot and preventing the electric quantity from being excessively low or powering off suddenly so as not to bring danger to the robot. At the same time, the detecting method is fast and accurate and has pertinence.


The present study deals with the nervus trigeminus of Mabuya quinquetaeniata. The results showed that the nervus trigeminus has one root, and two separate ganglia, a maxillomandibular ganglion and an ophthalmic one. The maxillomandibular ganglion is continuous with the ophthalmic ganglion. The lateral part of the ventromedial division of the trigeminal root gives off the anguli oris nerve and nerves to the adductor mandibularis externus and the pseudotemporalis muscles. The constrictor dorsalis nerve innervates the protractor pterygoideus, levator pterygoideus, and depressor palpbrae inferioris muscles. It has no anastomosis with ramus palatinus of the nervus facialis. The ramus frontalis is connected with the lacrimal plexus. The ramus nasalis anastomoses with the ethmoidal ganglion and divides into its to rami lateralis and medialis nasi within the nasal capsule. The ramus maxillaris gives off lacrimal and temporal branches in the postorbital region. In the orbital region, it is termed infraorbital nerve and gives off a nerve to the Harderian gland, the supralabial gland and the upper teeth. It fuses with the ramus palatinus lateralis of the nervus facialis. It receives an anastomosing branch from the ramus palatines medialis and fuses with the ramus palatines intermedialis for a short distance. It carries ganglionic cells at the point of fusion. It enters the maxilla as superior alveolar nerve and gives off nerve to the narial muscles. The ramus mandibularis gives off nerves to the pseudotemporalis and pterygomandibularis muscles. It gives off the ramus cutaneous recurrens and then enters the primordial canal as the inferior alveolar nerve, where it gives off a mixed nerve and a sensory one and then receives the chorda tympani (N.VII). The mixed nerve (the inferior alveolar nerve + chorda tympani) gives rise to the rami intermandibularis oralis, intermandibularis medius (ramus paralingualis) and intermandibularis caudalis. The ramus intermandibularis medius is connected with the ramus lingualis lateralis (N.XII). The ramus intermandibularis caudalis gives motor fibres to the intermandibularis muscle. [Abdel-Kader, T. G.; Ali, R. S. and Ibrahim, N. M. The Cranial Nerves of Mabuya quinquetaeniata III: Nervus Trigeminus ] Life Science Journal, 2011; 8(4):650-669] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com.


Rough set approaches are widely applied to feature selection and data mining. The minimal reduct of an information system is preferred in traditional rough set approaches according to minimal description length principle. In this paper, we present some experiments and find a minimal reduct is a weaker solution for the given classification task in most cases. A multiple classifier system based on rough set reduction is proposed, which improves the performance by combining multiple rough set based reducts. Experiments based on CART and SVM show the proposed method is efficient and effective


Since August 2008 the Web of Science database includes funding acknowledgements information. To date no study has been conducted concerning the data quality of these entries. In this paper, we show the vast array of problems emerging if one wishes to unify all funding organization entries of a large and diverse funding body such as the German Research Foundation (DFG). After enumerating all possible sources of error found by manual sifting through all funding acknowledgement entries of German publications, we introduce a new semi-automated method, in order to facilitate the same cleaning task for future years. The method which uses regular expressions and Levenshtein distance algorithms as building blocks shows a rather good result with precision and recall of 96% and 94%, respectively. With the cleaned data set, two examples are shown of the new possibilities emerging of this kind of bibliometric data. Connecting this information with financial funding data opens up the path to new kind of input-output analysis in the realm of scientific research while corroborating the validity of the funding acknowledgement data. Conference Topic Old and New Data Sources for Scientometric Studies: Coverage, Accuracy and Reliability (Topic 2) and Science Policy and Research Evaluation: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches (Topic 3).


Abstract This article examines how activists manage the potentially deleterious emotions that arise in social movement organizations. Using data from a case study of an organization in the contemporary radical women's prison movement in California, I explore how feelings of illegitimacy are managed and sublimated by activists, during the course of organizational life, to sustain participation in the movement. Drawing on framing theory, I find that organizational frames serve as mechanisms that manage and focus activists' feelings, delimit movement strategies, and inspire and legitimate collective action.


In this article, we continue our research on quasi-ordered residuated systems introduced in 2018 by S. Bonzio and I. Chajda and various types of filters in them. Some fundamental properties of strong quasi-ordered residuated systems are given in this article. In addition, the concepts of prime and irreducible filters in such systems are introduced and analyzed.


Shangshi and Weishen are LU Xun's and LAO She's representative works separately and they are respectively their only love fictions.Different narrative tactics,text setting and poetic writing reflect writers' different subtle attitudes to literature,love and female problems.


Objective To observe the therapeutic effects and short term prognosis of Nicorandil on angina patients after percautious coronary intervention therapy(PCI). Methods 57 patients with angina after PCI therapy were randomly divided into Nicorandil group(n=27) and normal therapy group(n=30).Normal therapy group were given coronary heart disease second prevention drugs,while Nicorandil group were added Nicorandil in addition to coronary heart disease second prevention drugs.The outcome and adverse events 14 days after PCI were then observed. Results In the two groups,no death,myocardial infarction and stroke happened during the 14 days after PCI.But angina improved better and the ECG performed better in Nicorandil group than the normal therapy group(u was 2.1953 and 2.2251 respectively,P0.05). Conclusion These studies suggest that Nicorandil can relieve angina attack,and it worths further research.


Abstract : Link 16 is a Communications, Navigation and Identification (CNI) system, intended to exchange surveillance and Command and Control (C2) information among various C2 and weapons platforms, which enhance the missions of each service. Link 16 is the primary NATO standard for the tactical datalink. NATO STANAG 5516/MIL-STD-6016C describes the TADIL J message formats and Link 16 network instructions. A protocol for simulating Link 16 in Distributive Interactive Simulation (DIS) and High Level Architecture (HLA) is in process of becoming a Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO) standard: SISO-STD-002-V2.9.6. The standard is scheduled to begin formal balloting in April 2005. The Air Force Distributed Mission Operations Center of Excellence (DMOC) located at Kirtland AFB, New Mexico, has implemented the Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) portion of SISO-STD-002- V2.8. In addition, Northrop Grumman has implemented the Draft Link 16 Simulation Standard protocol on its Common Connection Device (CCD), and one such device is at the DMOC. The software followed the draft standard and modified the DIS Transmitter and Signal Protocol Data Units (PDUs) for Fidelity Levels 0 - 3. During the DIS standard implementation, valuable lessons on the design were provided to the SISO Standards Group, as well as recommended changes to the standard. Two tests and one experiment, which incorporated the changes to the Link 16 standard, were conducted at the DMOC. The tests and experiment objectives were to verify and validate the DIS portion of the standard. The first test was conducted the week of 9 Dec 2002, the second the week of 24 Feb 2003. The experiment was conducted during the JEFX 04 SPIRAL 3 Test, 17 26 May 2004. This paper presents the test results, experiment results, and lexicon of the Link 16 standard, in an effort to increase interoperability among C2 systems.


There is a growing concern for quality care in residential placements outside of the natural family for children and youth with developmental disabilities. Ideally, children with developmental disabilities should remain with their natural parent or parents of parents with appropriate supports until the age when children typically leave home. In reality, parents of children and youth with development disabilities are not always able or willing to care for their children at home, and alternate residential placements must be found. This paper will discuss some of the issues surrounding the provision of quality care in out-of-home residential placements for children and youth with developmental disabilities.


Soil dwelling bacteria able to colonize plant roots and closely associated soil are referred to as rhizobacteria. A wide range of rhizobacteria has the ability to promote plant growth directly by producing phytohormone and nutrients; and indirectly by controlling plant pathogen. These benefi cial bacteria are known as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). PGPR control phytopathogens by producing chemicals that could damage pathogen cells, removing pathogen specifi c nutrients from the environment, or inducing resistance against pathogen in plant body. Antagonistic bacteria specifi cally damage pathogens by producing lytic enzymes, antibiotics and bacteriocins; and excluding pathogen from plant environment by siderophores oriented iron chelation. This review highlights the antagonistic feature of PGPR. Application of antagonistic bacteria as biopesticides is an attractive alternate of chemical pesticides. Chemical pesticides are non-targeted and cause pollution during its synthesis as well as at the site of application. Antagonistic bacteria could be used as biopesticides and biofertilizers for better plant health and growth improvement. Mini Review Antagonistic features displayed by Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR): A Review Mohsin Tariq1*, Muhammad Noman1, Temoor Ahmed1, Amir Hameed1, Natasha Manzoor2 and Marriam Zafar2 1Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan 2University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan *Address for Correspondence: Dr. Mohsin Tariq, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Tel: 0092-333-6601612; Email: firstname.lastname@example.com; firstname.lastname@example.com Submitted: 17 May 2017 Approved: 31 May 2017 Published: 02 June 2017 Copyright: 2017 Tariq M, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


Bifurcation characteristics of the primary and secondary instabilities of thermally stratified plane Poiseuille flow are discussed based on nonlinear equilibrium solutions. For low-Prandtl number fluid under strongly stable stratification, the bifurcation diagram of the primary instability around the turning point of the linear neutral curve exhibits nonlinear degeneracy. As a result, the early transition process can be accurately predicted by the linear critical Reynolds number and the associated supercritical bifurcation surface. Secondary instability of the steady basic flow under the influence of thermal stratification is further analyzed using Floquet theory. The stratification effect on the three-dimensional breakdown of K-type has been established by studying the amplification rates and threshold amplitudes. In unstably stratified flow, K-type breakdown leads to nonlinear equilibrium solution identical to the mixed mode solution reported by Fujimura and Kelly [Phys. Fluid 7, 68–79 (1995)] in a weak...


The chapter provides new school social workers with practical information about how they can make themselves indispensable to school administrators. Social workers must collaborate with administrators and fully understand their roles within the district because these leaders directly impact the social worker's tasks and duties. Social workers are advised to learn about the organizational structure of the district and the roles of the school board, the superintendent, and principals. They should observe the leadership styles displayed by administrators and learn what their goals are and what data they need from the social worker. The chapter details a practical plan for developing and nurturing working relationships with administrators, along with strategies for linking the social worker's goals with those of administrators.


Reference Broekgaarden C, Riviere P, Steenhuis G, del sol Cuenca M, Kos M & Vosman B (2012) Phloem-specific resistance in Brassica oleracea against the whitefly Aleyrodes proletella. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 142: 153–164. Figure 3 Survival of Aleyrodes proletella adults on leaves of Brassica oleracea cv. Rivera (solid black line) and Christmas Drumhead (dashed line). The solid grey line represents the no-food control. Values are mean (± SE) numbers of survivors per plant (n = 5).


An analytical method for the determination of stresses in the region of intersection of a thin-walled composite shell made from two right circular cylinders intersecting with axes perpendicular and subjected to internal pressure is presented. The governing equations are based on shallow, thin-shell theory and are limited to a ratio of cylinder radii of one-third or less. The formulations are written in terms of dimensionless groups to facilitate use of the analysis method in conducting parameter studies. Comparisons are made between the results obtained using the method and experimental data. The results of this investigation indicate that the analysis should prove to be a useful tool for conducting parametric studies within the specified range of validity.


A STEP-BY-STEP DESIGN PROCEDURE IS NECESARY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SUCCESSFUL ROADWAY LIGHTING SYSTEM. THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURES HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED TO PROVIDE AN APPROACH TO A STANDARD PRACTICE FOR ROADWAY LIGHTING DESIGN. THE DESIGN TOPICS COVERED ARE SEEING TASK REQUIREMENTS; QUALITY OF ILLUMINATION; QUANTITY OF ILLUMINATION; ATMOSPHERE ENVIRONMENT; AREA DIMENSIONS; LUMINAIRE SELECTION; LUMINAIRE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE; VOLTAGE; BALLAST EFFICIENCY; LUMINAIRE COMPONENT DEPRECIATION; CHANGE IN PHYSICAL SURROUNDINGS; BURNOUTS; LAMP LUMEN DEPRECIATION; LUMINAIRE DIRT DEPRECIATION; ACCURATE LIGHT LOSS FACTOR, AND CALUCATIONS. /AUTHOR/


The paper discusses the last chapter of McLuhans "Understanding Media", "Automation" and relates it to question of economics, anthropology and media theory.


The message for exine pattern resides ultimately in the genome, yet the information for the initial form exists in the cytoplasm or with the plasma membrane and its glycocalyx. Subsequent wall development is likely to be the result of an interplay between the genome, the cytoplasm, and the intralocular environment. The exine consists of units derived from the plasma membrane glycocalyx and enveloped in the exinous polymer sporopollenin. Growth of the exine in accomodation to cell surface expansion is modeled as involving a doubling in diameter of the units, separation of components, and incorportation of new units within the nexine but not the tectum. If the tectum is thick and does not become disjunct, its restraint upon cellular expansion may result in the crushing of bacules. Both the final shape and ornamentation of the exine may be influenced by cytological processes like oncoid plugs that limit the effect of protoplast expansion to nonapertural regions or globules in the exine arcade that can cause distention of the tectum and rupturing of bacules. Subunits of exinous units can be seen in distinctive patterns at the outer surface of the exine, in the arcade of the exine, and prior to intine formation at the inner surface of the nexine.


Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized cancer therapy, however, are associated with immune-re-lated adverse events (irAEs). Thyroid dysfunction is among the most common irAEs, yet its mechanism has not been fully elucidated. To further explore the molecular mechanism of ICI-induced thyroid dysfunction, we pro fi led changes in transcription induced by PD-1/PD-L1 antibody treatment in a non-small cell lung cancer murine model using RNA-seq. We used bioinformatic tools to compare tran-scriptional changes in our model to previously published transcription data sets of drug-induced thyroiditis. were PD-1 a were and thyroid glands were removed. The tumor volume increased in the mice and decreased in the anti PD-1 treated P and PD-L1 ± P RNA-seq in the LKR-M and PD-1/PD-L1 per


Background: There has been no direct comparison of all existing plates dedicated for 10 fracture osteosynthesis of mandibular condyle base until now. The aim of the study was to test 11 mechanically all available designs of titanium plates on the market on polyurethane mandibles 12 using individually designed clamping system. Methods: Forces required for 1 mm displacement of fixed 13 fracture and incidents of screw loosening were recorded. Results indicated the best mechanical dedicated 14 plates among all existing designs available. Results: It has occured that some of osseofixation plates should 15 not be used any more whereas some of the single plates shape are similar to two single plates regarded as the 16 best osseofixation method for condyle base fracture. Conclusion: General observation is the bigger plate and 17 more screws, the better rigid stable osteosynthesis of mandibular condyle base. 4 plates of current designs of 18 total 30 tested series can be recommended for open rigid internal fixation of base of mandibular condyle 19 fractures. The rest of 26 existing plates should not be used in condylar base fractures. 20


Cyanobacteria carry out photosynthetic light-energy conversion using phycobiliproteins for light harvesting and the chlorophyll-rich photosystems for photochemistry. While most cyanobacteria only absorb visible photons, some of them can acclimate to harvest far-red light (FRL, 700-800 nm) by integrating chlorophyll f and d in their photosystems and producing red-shifted allophycocyanin. Chlorophyll f insertion enables the photosystems to use FRL but slows down charge separation, reducing photosynthetic efficiency. Here we demonstrate with time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy that charge separation in chlorophyll-f-containing Photosystem II becomes faster in the presence of red-shifted allophycocyanin antennas. This is different from all known photosynthetic systems, where additional light-harvesting complexes slow down charge separation. Based on the available structural information, we propose a model for the connectivity between the phycobiliproteins and Photosystem II that qualitatively accounts for our spectroscopic data. This unique design is probably important for these cyanobacteria to efficiently switch between visible and far-red light.


This paper analyzes the stability of the deadbeat controller based on current predictive algorithm(CPA) for Shunt Acitve Power Filter(SAPF). The current predictive algorithm is used to improve the overshoot phenomenon of the input current caused by the digital delay. The stability analysis of the system was performed to demonstrate the performance of the deadbeat controller using the current predictive method.


This paper proposed a constrained nonnegative matrix factorization(NMF) method to resolve the problem of underdetermined blind signal separation.It was hard to obtain unique factorization and correctly separated source signals when NMF was directly applied to resolve problem above.On the basis of standard NMF,imposed determinant criterion on estimated mixing matrix to achieve the unique factorization of NMF.Imposed sparsity and the least correlated component constraints on estimated sources to realize the unique separation of mixed signals and improve the performance of source separation.Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


Composites of silica nanospheres coated with crosslinked epoxy–amine were synthesised and examined by 29Si-magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The most representative fact is that epoxy-modified nanospheres lost less weight at high temperatures. At temperatures greater than 300°C the loss of weight for epoxy-modified nanospheres was rather lower than for unmodified nanospheres. This helped them to retain their structures, as the loss of weight can have adverse effects on network defects, due to the loss of crosslinks by unit of volume.


Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) is a technique in which mobile users are able to use the cloud services that enable cost reduction, flexibility and on demand, scalability. In fact, MCC enables to share the hardware, data and storage. However, access network verification is an important requirement; the traditional cloud computing architecture has specific security requirements that are not captured by traditional network access control models, e.g. Virtual firewalls (VF). The latter uses an effective static verification method that is not adapted to the MCC, where existing threats increase because of the combination of different types of networks (Mobile and Internet). Thus, distributing firewalls is introduced by researchers to prevent possible attacks and secure complex networks like MCC. However, it is difficult to design, manage and cooperate firewall policies. Thence, we propose in this paper an architecture for MCC motivating the use of distributed firewalls/Controllers, where two levels of firewall cooperation are proposed: horizontal cooperation in the cloud and vertical cooperation between the mobile and the cloud. This architecture is in charge of administering and updating rules between distributed firewalls and their neighbors via the Controller component. For validation, we use a cloud implementation based on the Openstack platform. The retrieved delay is promising with regard to the traffic burden.


SIFSIX-14-Cu-i belongs to a family of metal-organic materials (MOMs) with exciting gas sorption properties and high technological impact. We report CO2 adsorption isotherms for SIFSIX-14Cu-i revealing very high uptake combined with CO2 selectivity. Importantly, the isotherms show distinct inflection points that result from CO2-induced structural transformations and that can be modulated by the CO2 uptake quantity. The observed behaviour directly relates to the unique structure of this azopyridine-stabilised compound and gives rise to the highest known working capacity for CO2 uptake between 0.1 and 1 bar. Further, we highlight synthetic procedures for the reversible transformation of SIFSIX-14-Cu-i to a non-porous hydrated form, and exploit the porous  non-porous phase transition for instantaneous, moisture-mediated CO2 release. The use of neutral, linear ditopic N-donor ligands, mononuclear metal centres, and charged inorganic anions, such as hexafluorosilicate ions (SiF6), provides a simple, rational and cheap method for the synthesis of microporous metalorganic materials such as the SIFSIX family. SIFSIX materials are landmark compounds in the storage of CH4 and CO2. They reveal exceptionally high selectivity for CO2 over N2, and can be used for separations of small-molecule hydrocarbons and other gaseous adsorbates. SIFSIX MOMs are generally based on "pillared sheet" pcu-type networks whereby ligand-extensions can lead to isoreticular homologues and interor non-interpenetrated variants with tailored pore dimensions. CO2 adsorption in such materials is particularly important in the context of pressing environmental concerns and critical future energy demands. In microporous materials of this kind, ideal performance implies a strong selectivity for CO2 over other gases, high volumetric uptake, and facile, low-energy recovery of the adsorbed CO2. MOFs and other microporous materials with unsaturated metal centres (UMCs) or pendant amino functionalities often show high selectivities, but require elevated energies for CO2 release and regeneration of the adsorbent. SIFSIX MOMs do not have UMCs, but achieve exceptional selectivities through small, tailored pore diameters which optimise the degree of contact between the adsorbate and the adsorbent surface. Some innovative approaches to tackle this problem have been reported, utilizing rational design to overcome these energetic difficulties. With these considerations in mind, we identified the 4,4'-azopyridine (azpy) stabilised MOM [Cu(azpy)2(SiF6)] (SIFSIX-14-Cu-i), as an optimal material for CO2 adsorption as it possesses the following structural and electronic attributes – (i) an electron-rich N=N backbone associated with the 4,4'-azopyridine ligand to enhance CO2-surface interaction, (ii) a ligand sufficiently long enough to allow a high CO2 uptake capacity, and (iii) an interpenetrated framework structure to restrict the effective pore diameter. Here, we report the first study focusing on the CO2 adsorption behavior in SIFSIX-14-Cu-i. The resulting isotherms, are characteristic for a structural bi-stability giving rise to a CO2 uptake-structure relationship that is mediated by the CO2 uptake quantity. This structural effect results in inflected isotherms and leads to the highest known working capacity for CO2 sorption between 0.1 and 1 bar. Further, we find that SIFSIX-14-Cu-i shows a reversible porous-to-non-porous transition, which can [a] D. Sensharma,[a] Dr. S. Vaesen,[a] C. Healy,[a] J. Hartmann,[a] Dr. A. C. Kathalikattil,[a] P. Wix,[a] F. Steuber,[a] Dr. N. Zhu,[a] and Prof. W. Schmitt* [a] School of Chemistry & CRANN Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland. E-mail: email@example.com; Fax: +353-16712826; Tel: +353-1-8963495 Supporting information for this article is given via a link at the end of the document. Figure 1. a) Two-fold interpenetrated structure of SIFSIX-14-Cu-i; b) Structure of a single net in SIFSIX-14-Cu-i; c) H...F interactions and binding environment of the SIF6 ions in H2OSIFSIX-14-Cu-i; d) Dense network structure of H2O-SIFSIX-14-Cu-i. Colour code: Cu blue/purple; Si orange/yellow; C grey, N blue; F green; O red; H white.


THE PREMISE underlying the diagnostic use of electrophysiologic studies in evaluating patients with cardiac arrhythmias is that a correct diagnosis is necessary to provide prompt, effective treatment and to give appropriate prognostic information to the patient and the referring physician. When viewed from this perspective, the indications for electrophysiologic study depend not only on how often a correct diagnosis can ultimately be made from the 12 lead electrocardiogram (ECG) by experienced readers but also the answers to the questions contained in table 1. How often is a 12 lead ECG of suficient quality available? Many of our patients present with a history of syncope or palpitations without an ECG of any kind or have experienced out-of-hospital sudden death and ventricular fibrillation is recorded in the emergency room. At other times only a relatively poor-quality tracing of a single lead from a bedside, telemetric, or Holter monitor is available. When a 12 lead ECG during the tachycardia is available, the strips of each lead may be very short and inadequate for definitive analysis. Although we do not advocate electrophysiologic studies in all such patients, there are situations when the precise diagnosis is required. These situations are listed in table 2. What is the interobserver agreement? As pointed out by Wellens and his co-workers, even highly skilled electrocardiographers will occasionally reach the wrong diagnosis from the 12 lead ECG alone. Other investigators stress the disagreement among observers concerning features of the ECG, such as the presence and timing of the P wave during supraventricular tachycardia.' In our experience, ventricular tachycardia is frequently misinterpreted as supraventricular tachycardia with aberrant conduction by the referring physician, who is frequently a well-trained cardiologist. When such disagreement is present, or when the


appears in diverse contexts in topology (providing, for example, embedding invariants and models for loop spaces), knot theory, and physics (KZ equation, renormalization); see e.g. Vassiliev [20] and Fadell & Husseini [8]. In particular, the space F (R, n) = {(x1, . . . , xn) ∈ Rd×n : xi 6= xj for i < j} has been studied in great detail. It is the complement of an arrangement of linear codimension d subspaces in R whose intersection lattice (with the customary ordering by reversed inclusion) is the partition lattice Πn of rank n − 1. The cohomology is free, with Poincaré polynomial ∏n−1 i=1 (1 + i t d−1); see e.g. Björner [4], Goresky & MacPherson [13, Part III]. In particular, for d = 2 the space F (C, n) = F (R, n) appears in work by Arnol'd related to Hilbert's 13th problem, continued in papers by works by Fuks, Deligne, Orlik & Solomon, and many others. It is a key example for the theory of (complex) hyperplane arrangements; see e.g. Orlik & Terao [17]. The space F (R, n) is the complement of a codimension d subset in Rd×n, so in particular it provides a (d− 2)-connected space on which the symmetric group Sn acts freely. Thus the inclusions F (R, n) ⊂ F (R, n) ⊂ · · · can be used to compute the cohomology of Sn; see Giusti & Sinha [12] for recent work, which is based on the Fox–Neuwirth stratification [11] of the configuration spaces F (R, n).


Türkderm-Deri Hastalıkları ve Frengi Arşivi Dergisi, Galenos Yayınevi tarafından basılmıştır. Turkderm-Archives of the Turkish Dermatology and Venerology, published by Galenos Publishing. Nodular hidradenoma is a rare benign tumor of skin appendages. It mainly occurs in adults with a slight female predominance. Typical lesions are localized in the scalp, face and the upper extremities. Clinically it presents as a slowly progressive, solitary, hard, mobile dermal and subcutaneous nodule. Total surgical excision is suggested due to the risk of malignant transformation. We, herein, present a 60-year-old male patient whose slow growing subcutaneous nodule on his back was diagnosed as nodular hidradenoma after histopathologic examination. (Turkderm 2014; 48: Suppl 2: 128-9)


Basing on abundant resource of crop straws, the present utilizing channels were summarized in this paper. It was concluded that using crop straws to feed livestock was the most scientific and reasonable channel of straw utilization. Finally, the present situation of crop straw using was also analyzed and the thoughts and countermeasures for crop straw using were put forward.


In the past two decades,many countries have been paying more attention to safety of genetically modified(GM) product,and thus,qualitative and quantitative test of GM products become more and more important.The test result can be more comparable and reliable by using GM reference material.This paper reviews the research progress of GM reference material and related techniques:it introduces the variety of GM reference material and techniques of value assignment for GM reference material,and also evaluates the key procedures in developing GM reference material.More importantly,it is concluded that how to assign the reference value for the plasmid reference material including the commutability between the plasmid and genomic DNA.Additionally,it summarizes the current international GM certified reference material.This aims to provide some valuable reference for developing GM reference material in China.


ABSTRACT Bernard Rollin has long been a voice in bioethical issues. His earlier works were often direct attacks on scientific research involving animals. Examples of abuses of animals that would be unacceptable to the majority of scientists were selected as typical, criticized on both methodological and ethical grounds, and used to develop a philosophically based ethic against animal research. It was not that a lot of what Rollin had to say was unimportant. Rather, one had to work exceptionally hard to separate the forest from the trees.The Unheeded Cry departs from his previous style. The book is clear, the author develops his points so that they are understandable, the complexity of issues involved in the use of animals in research is given reasonable treatment, and there is a serious attempt at building a case against much animal research through arguing that animals, like humans, are also capable of consciousness. In


This dissertation provides an examination of the lives and works of two Russian artists: Elena Dmitrievna Polenova (1850-1898) and Mariia Vasil'evna Iakunchikova (1870-1902). It takes a biographical approach to elucidate how Polenova and Iakunchikova negotiated the constraints imposed by their gender and the rapid changes occurring in Russia's social structure in their search for a modern Russian art. The dissertation begins with an investigation of Polenova's activities in the spheres of social activism and art in the 1870s and concludes with both women's contributions to the Russian handicrafts (kustar) pavilion at the 1900 Paris Exposition Universelle. While Polenova's contributions to the Russian kustar revival have been the subject of scholarly research, her activities in the broader art world have not. This dissertation seeks to remedy the skewed vision of Polenova's artistic output that has been a result. In addition, her close friendship and artistic synergy with Iakunchikova has been neglected. Iakunchikova is virtually unknown outside a small group of Russian-art specialists. Thus, an investigation of both women's work together provides a more rounded history of their contribution to Russian artists' search for a modern, yet uniquely Russian, art at the end of the nineteenth century.


The SP-A9 strain of Bacillus sp., which is most closely related to Bacillus subtilis, demonstrated excellent antifungal properties in laboratory analyses. The percentage of inhibition in the dual culture test was similar for all investigated phytopathogens (Fusarium culmorum, F. oxysporum and Monographella nivalis) at approximately 46%. The analyzed strain was found to be cellulolytic and strongly chitinolytic, and its biochemical properties indicate that it easily adapted to various environmental conditions. The strain's sporulation ability and high proliferation rate in acidic, alkaline, and highly saline environments (9% NaCl) further confirmed its adaptability to adverse conditions. In a pot experiment, the basic biometric parameters of spring wheat grain inoculated with Bacillus sp. SP-A9 were not modified, but a significant increase in grain yield was observed (by 18% in soil contaminated with F. culmorum and by 19% in soil contaminated with F. oxysporum). The increase in yield was correlated with the number of wheat plants, which suggests that the analyzed strain minimized the pathogen-induced inhibition of plant growth. Bacillus sp. SP-A9 can reduce economic losses resulting from diseases caused by fungi of the genus Fusarium and contribute to reduced use of crop protection chemicals, thus minimizing environmental pollution.


A contemporary dental practice offers a variety of sedation medications and routes of administration. Most dental sedation is delivered to children by inhalational and oral routes, although the nasal route is gaining acceptance. Minimal and moderate sedation are the levels that the dentist, acting as both the sedationist and the proceduralist, will wish to achieve in the dental office. Combinations of medications offer the ability to achieve ideal moderate sedation. Nitrous oxide, benzodiazepines, antihistamines, and other agents are discussed. Dental procedures are invasive and unique in that they occur in the oral airway. To achieve a successful outcome, sedationists and proceduralists must take into account instrumentation, loud noises, treatment duration, delivery of local anesthetics, and oropharyngeal protective barriers. Local anesthetic administration can be painful when delivered in the oral cavity. As this is the initial invasive step the child will encounter during the dental experience, providing sedation care may be of value in addition to topical anesthetic.


This paper attempts to investigate the implication of Ti-chih (embodied knowledge) in Confucian aesthetics of music. In Chinese tradition, the special mode of knowing in musical appreciation can be called Chih-yin which is the aesthetic type of Ti-chih. This article concerns: 1) Confucius' experience of musical appreciation; 2) the relationship between "expression" and "mimesis" in musical creation; 3) how to understand the concrete content implied in the artistic form of "expression" or "mimesis;" 4) the interaction between politics and music in Confucian concept of human cultivation.


The widely spread alpine grassland ecosystem in the Three River Headwaters Region (TRHR) plays an essential ecological role in carbon sequestration and soil and water conservation. In this study, we test the latest high spatial resolution hyperspectral (Zhuhai-1 OHS) remote sensing imagery to examine different alpine grassland coverage levels using Multiple Endmember Spectral Mixture Analysis (MESMA). Our results suggest that the 3-endmember (3-EM) MESMA model can provide the highest image pixel unmixing percentage, with a percentage exceeding 97% and 96% for pixel scale and landscape scale, respectively. The overall accuracy shows that Zhuhai-1 OHS imagery obtained the highest overall accuracy (83.7%, k = 0.77) in the landscape scale, but in the pixel scale, it is not as good as Landsat 8 OLI imagery. Overall, we can conclude that the hyperspectral imagery combined 3-EM MESMA model performs better in both pixel scale and landscape scale alpine grassland coverage mapping, while the multispectral imagery with the 3-EM MESMA model can satisfy requirements of alpine grassland coverage mapping at the pixel scale. The approaches and workflow to mapping alpine grassland in this study can help monitor alpine grassland degradation; not only in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP), but also in other grassland ecosystems.


The resources and environmental carrying capacity (RECC) of a region are considered the key and the foundation for achieving sustainable development and the benchmark of environmental protection and pollution control. However, to improve the regional RECC, we need to comprehensively consider the data information and correlation of the economy, society, resources, and the environment. Therefore, we propose a data-driven method for RECC measurement and evaluation of the regional RECC. Based on data collection and the application of the pressure-state-response (PSR) framework to reflect RECC, an evaluation index system for the regional RECC is constructed. The technique for order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) model with the entropy weight method is used to measure and evaluate the regional RECC. The obstacle degree model is adopted to select and identify the key factors affecting the regional RECC and to propose targeted policy suggestions for data application. The results indicate that the RECC level in three provinces and one city of the Yangtze River Delta region fluctuated slightly from 2010 to 2019, with an overall upward trend. Anhui Province has a relatively weak carrying capacity, and the main obstacles to RECC improvement in the region are the proportion of wetland area and the ownership of water resources. This study provides theoretical and methodological support for regional RECC research and management as well as a basis for formulating policies related to environmental protection and pollution control.


The paper recommended the application of super critical CO2 fluid in the exploitation of oil plant,pigment plant,spices plant,medical plant and agriculture chemical plant.


A 2D photochemical model has been utilized to investigate the influence of testing of the NASP on the stratosphere. Effluents of H2, H2O, NO, NO2, OH, H, and O from the experimental vehicles are predicted to slightly disturb the stratosphere. The European Sanger spacecraft possible influence on the stratosphere has been simulated and is predicted to also be minor.