Urban transportation planning has a key role in the daily routine of inhabitants. Transportation planning has been observed the most debatable subject, but least attention has been paid on it. Such as, traffic congestion is expanding up to the outskirts of city centers during peak hours. It is perceived as an unresolved urban transportation problem for the inhabitants of urban areas such as Karachi. To resolve this issue, Park-and-ride service (P&RS) is considered as a sustainable approach and major contributory in urban areas to reduce the traffic congestion from city centers. P&RS has been successfully implemented and became beneficiary in many countries of the world.  Particularly it helps to reduce traffic congestion at a city center, as a result reduces the reliability of private vehicles. The objective of this research is to develop a model to shift car travelers' towards P&RS and study the factors which influence car travelers' choice of mode. This study can help stake holders with useful information for future planning and development of P&RS in Karachi, Putrajaya and Surabaya. The findings revealed the reasons, why car travelers are discouraged to use P&RS facility. Discrete choice modelling is discussed to analyze the factors that encourage users to switch their mode choice towards P&RS. Research outcomes will support policy making and provide base for future study on the mode choice model for P&RS


Heavy metal contamination around the National Iranian Lead and Zinc Company (NILZ) in Zanjan province was evaluated in this paper. Collected data were used to appraise the degree of soil contamination and also the source of pollution in the study area based on geoaccumulation index (Igeo), and enrichment factor (EF). The levels of Fe, Zn, Cd and Pb in the samples exceed those reported in literature. The analyzed soils can be considered unpolluted to moderately polluted by Cd and Pb, and moderately polluted by Zn. Evaluated EF also showed moderate to severe enrichment of the soil samples by Zn and Pb, and very strong enrichment by Cd. These results indicated an anthropogenic contribution mainly for Zn, Cd and Pb elements. Bivariate correlation among the investigated metals showed the contamination of soil around the study area resulted from NILZ activity of Company. Based on the Mann-Whitney assessment, it was found that the presence of Co, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb was also attributed to the plant. Parametric and non-parametric tests revealed the leaching of metals to deeper soil layers. Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) allowed categorizing the investigated metals in three groups. These groups were cluster I (Zn, Cd, Co and Ni), cluster II (Pb and Cu) and Fe in an independent cluster III. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Factor Analysis (FA) elucidated the anthropogenic source of the pollutants.


Opilo orocastaneus n. sp., from the Gennargentu Massif (East-Central Sardinia; Italy), is described and figured. The new taxon is easily distinguishable from Opilo mollis (L.) by the uniform colour of its legs, the small clear circular spot isolated from the apical margin of the elytra and differences of the aedeagus.


may be deceiving, defining the "principal as leader" of challenging conversations and may limit the possible broader audience as indicated within the book. School principals and other aspiring leaders are busy people. As I flicked through the contents pages, I was looking for something that I thought would tempt them to take time to read this. What sets this book apart from any other resources I have seen on challenging conversations and active listening? And then, a simple phrase in the preface caught my eye: "Our work, our relationships and our lives succeed or fail one conversation at a time" (Scott, 2004). This reference to Fierce Conversations, a book I was reading at the time, resonated with me, capturing my interest. But, what would the "hook" be for principals and other leaders? I read on.... This handbook is 141 pages long and divided into eight short chapters. Chapters one and two consider the dimensions of challenging conversations, while chapters three to seven provide a framework for skills needed to effectively respond to challenges – active listening, assertive communication, provision of effective feedback, and anger management. The eighth and final chapter looks at the school leader as mediator, or facilitator of conversations, ending with the final section of the book which includes resources for personal reflection and application to the reader"s context. Each chapter provides an opportunity for reflection with sample questions for discussion, an opportunity to apply the knowledge to a brief case study, and a space for reflection on the reader"s own context – a personal case study. Throughout the book, references to well-known authors are used to frame particular topics. For example, Kearns opens Chapter 3 Listening for Meaning, with a quotation from Stephen Covey"s (2004) The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People – "Seek first to understand, then be understood". Kearns balances the affirming aspects of conversation, as in Covey"s example, with the times when things are downright tough. He helps the reader distinguish between different strategies and the factors that affect strategy choice. For example, there may be times when avoidance of a difficult conversation is the best tactic when emotions are running high, while at other times, confrontation without regard for ongoing relationships might be needed – where safety and security are at risk, as "school leaders are also responsible for ensuring that the "moral purpose" of education is fulfilled" (Fullan, Hill & Crevola, 2006, cited in Kearns, 2011, p. 97). The leaders" ability to manage "challenging conversations" is a core component of developing leadership capacity and sustained school improvement. Schools need to be able to "talk well" and "listen even better" (p. 2). Where there is a "high degree of relational trust" (Stephenson, 2009, cited in Kearns, 2011, p. 104), the leader as facilitator of a conversation can maintain a degree of neutrality to effectively facilitate the conversation. "Neutrality is best preserved by a school leader who demonstrates significant interpersonal skills in managing a conversation and who works within frameworks and processes that are transparent" (p. 104). As quoted in one case study example: "We build trust and authentic relationships as much by what we do as by what we say. In a nutshell – Process counts!" (p. 11). So, back to my original question, what makes this book different? What would be the "hook" for principals and other aspiring school leaders? Sustained school improvement is a long term and complex process. Recognising this, Kearns highlights the importance of developing and managing effective relationships that support ongoing school improvement initiatives. Each chapter highlights a real life case study, illustrating the concepts and skills under discussion and ends with a case study for collegial discussion. These perhaps provide that "hook" for school leaders. Leading & Managing, Vol. 17, No. 1, 2011, pp. 100-102


Sports status of existence and non-existence were deeply influenced by circumstance and its social position. This paper discusses the core question that will drives the existence of sports and then reveals the controllable and changeable problems under the manipulation of human will. The existence or non-existence of sports is often determined by human will. This paper uses literature review method and questionnaire interview method and find out China chose"the whole nation system"to develop athletic sports was determined by state will. School sports before and after the resumption of college entrance examination are both irrational,especially nowadays still in a state of unbalance. People participate various sports actively even have different needs motivations which is unify of will and reason in social sports. Military sports are another unified existence with special forms. The existence of traditional national sports,which continues with people's desire and need,are combined action with will and reason and spontaneous in every nation. Conclusion: The resource of will and reason in sports is driven by will,restricted by reason and directly displayed of standard. And it is the origin and the motivity of sports.


Introduction: The accuracy of evaluation tools is subject to several factors involving nurses. Two of these factors are the level of education and experience. These factors can significantly affect the instrument's objectivity. In terms of providing quality and specific geriatric care, having objective evaluation tools and applying the results are essential. Objective: The research aimed to determine how nurse education and experience affect the objectivity of evaluation tools. Another aim was to determine how education and experience affected the assessment of selected areas. Methods: The research was conducted using a quantitative survey involving 501 nurses from the South Bohemian Region. The data was obtained using a non-standardized questionnaire that focused explicitly on the use of evaluation tools. Results: The results show that nurses with higher levels of education have more experience in using evaluation tools and consider the tools to be useful and effective. The same was confirmed for nurses who have more nursing experience. Conclusions: Evaluation tools are an essential part of the nursing process, and an emphasis should be placed on learning how to use these tools during nurse training. In the context of geriatric nursing, nurses need special education for the various geriatric specialties. This is also true for the use of geriatric evaluations. In clinical practice, it is necessary to use evaluation tools systematically, logically, and, above all, to implement the results into care plans.


Objective To establish a method for the determination of arecoline in simotang oral liquid with HPLC method.Methods The HPLC system was with ODS column at diamonsil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),mobile phase at 0.02 mol/L MPP(including 0.3% triethylamine and KH2 PO4 with pH 3) ∶acetonitrile(99∶1),flowing rate of 0.8 ml/min,UV detecting wavelength at 210 nm and the Column temperature at 20 ℃.Results The linesrity was good within the ranged of 0.054 μg/mL~0.54 μg/mL(r=0.999 3),the average recovery was 99.2%(n=6) and RSD was 1.1%.Conclusion This method is simple,sensitive,rapid and accurate and can be used for determining the content of arecoline in Simotang oral solution.


An automatic microtone has been designed for cutting 400 mu m snippets of wool and other fibres very uniformly and with square ends.


Arsenic is a toxic heavy metal.As the result of natural process and anthropogenic activities,many countries are suffering from the arsenic pollution.Because of the high toxicity of arsenic compounds,there is more widespread concern about the arsenic control and disposal.The origin and current status of the arsenic pollution are reviewed here.This paper focuses on the mechanism of arsenic adsorption onto the mineral constituents such as iron oxides,aluminum oxides,clay mineral,manganese oxides,carbonate etc.By ligand exchange and chemical bonding,As oxyanions can form surface complex on the mineral surfaces.Inner-sphere bidentate binuclear bonding is the main mechanism,companying out-sphere adsorption.Arsenic adsorption is affected by pH,minerals,crystallization and surface area etc.,which is in good agreement with the model and calculations.Also,many ions(cations or anions) existed in the soil have a effect on As adsorption by competing for the surface sites.


BET protein inhibitory, especially BRD2-, BRD3- and BRD4- inhibitory general formula I 4-substituted pyrrolo - and pyrazolo di azepines (X, Y, n, m , p, R 1, R Moreover, benign hyperplasia, atherosclerosis, sepsis, autoimmune diseases, vascular disorders, viral infections, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory diseases, atherosclerosis, and as BET protein inhibitors for male contraception use of the compounds according to the invention have been described. [Formula 1]


1 Introduction: Organism, Language, and World.- 2 Sign, Expression, and Symbol.- 3 Linguistic Units and the Rules for Their Connection.- 4 Language, Information, and Communication.- 5 Frequency and Probability.- 6 Verbal Association and the Problem of Meaning.- 7 The Philosophical Background to Modern Psychology of Language.- 8 Sign and Object Signified: Classical Theories of the Development of Meaning.- 9 Imitation of Sound, Sound Symbolism, Expression.- 10 The Psychological Reality of Grammar.- 11 The Developmental Psychology of Language Acquisition.- 12 Language Comprehension and Man's View of the World.- Author Index.


Electric microfields in plasma taken as system of charged particles moving in uniform neutralizing background, using approximations and Monte Carlo study


If we set aside the columns dedicated to news items in the popular press, and also the investigations carried out by a few reporters, the relaxation and entertainment of French Foreign Legionnaires in the colonial period have not until now been a subject of specific study by military historians. This article is intended to fill that historical lacuna, using long forgotten literary sources. Alcohol consumption as well as relationships with women played a special role in the daily life of the foreign volunteer. His unenviable life might account for some bad behaviour that revealed one side of his apparently two-sided personality.


ABSTRACT Inspired by American pioneers in the field of police research like Jerome Skolnick, Cyrille Fijnaut resigned in 1969 as a police lieutenant from the police force in the city of Tilburg, the Netherlands in order to create the opportunity to study criminology and philosophy at the KU Leuven in Belgium. At the same university, he wrote in the years 1974–1978 his Ph.D. dissertation on the political history of policing in Europe since the Napoleonic Era. This thesis became the starting point of a rich career as a professor of criminology and criminal law at the Erasmus University Rotterdam, the KU Leuven, Tilburg University and NYU Law School (Global Law School Programme). Over the years, he became an internationally renowned expert in the fields of police and judicial cooperation, organized crime and terrorism, and the transatlantic history of criminology and the criminal justice system. In these and other fields he wrote some 50 books and edited some 50 volumes, and published more than 400 articles in academic and professional journals. In addition, he was one of the founding fathers of the Belgian journal of criminology and criminal law Panopticon and the European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice. He also served as an expert in some of Dutch and Belgian committees of inquiry, e.g. the committee that investigated the safety and security problems of Pim Fortuyn, the Dutch politician who was killed in May 2002. The Dutch government rewarded him with a Knighthood in the Order of the Dutch Lion, and the Belgian government appointed him Commandeur in the Crown Order.


ty. The present author selected 13 areas for study and census in northern Woodward County to obtain information among cover conditions other than those studied by Davison. In 1939-40, 1940-41, and 1941-42 censuses were made with bird dogs in September and again in January. The general relations of the principal cover types are shown in Figure 1. The mixedgrass upland in the northeast has extremely little winter food and cover, but affords somewhat favorable nesting conditions. These broad rolling prairies are deeply dissected by the drainage system of the Cimarron River in the north to form ravines which are heavily wooded and afford excellent winter protection for game. South of the upland is a broad band of sandy soils which thin out at the junction with the mixedgrass soils; their cover is of sandsage (Artemesia filifolia), and andropogon grasses, which furnish excellent summer range and, under moderate grazing, support good winter quail populations. Closely associated with the sandsage uplands is the dune-like condition which merges into the floodplain of the North Canadian River on the south. This is the best quail habitat in northwestern Oklahoma and generally supports high populations for hunting.


Abstract. Concatenating multicamera videos with differing centers of projection into a single panoramic video is a critical technology of many important applications. We propose a real-time video fusion approach to create wide field-of-view video. To provide a fast and accurate video registration method, we propose multistage hashing to find matched feature-point pairs from coarse to fine. In the first stage of multistage hashing, a short compact binary code is learned from all feature points, and then we calculate the Hamming distance between each two points to find the candidate-matched points. In the second stage, a long binary code is obtained by remapping the candidate points for fine matching. To tackle the distortion and scene depth variation of multiview frames in videos, we build hybrid transformation with depth adjustment. The depth compensation between two adjacent frames extends into multiple frames in an iterative model for successive video frames. We conduct several experiments with different dynamic scenes and camera numbers to verify the performance of the proposed real-time video fusion approach.


Decision makers in competitive situations care not only about their own interests but also the interests of their opponents to keep or improve their competitiveness. They have incentives to take cooperative actions as well as non-cooperative actions, depending on the results caused by the actions. These features make traditional game theory inadequate in describing competitors' rational behaviour. This paper first proposes a general framework for analysing decision makers' rational behaviour in multiperson decision situations, and then uses it to model rational behaviour in twoplayer competitive situations. To characterize competitive situations quantitatively, the notion of cooperation degree is formalized. By focusing on a typical two-player competitive situation, relations between cooperation degree and competitors' subjective factors are explored.


At present, China has entered heavy industry period, during what industrial development depends on mainly heavy industry, unban develops quickly and resources are consumed on a large scale. However, there exist two outstanding contradictions, that are supply - demand and resource-envionment. From the viewpoint of management, we analysis obvious problems of national macro-management and enterprise micro-management. We should reform from government , market and enterprise, greeting positively democratic and abroad challenge.


If we believe the numerous publications concerning intelligent approaches for better information retrieval from the WWW the Semantic Web is already alive. However, the nature of most of the approaches is more theoretical. One major outcome of the research being undertaken over the last few years in the area of artificial intelligence for the Semantic Web is the benefit of using ontologies for content-based information retrieval. This led to a number of systems that provide user interfaces and intelligent reasoning services to access and integrate information sources (e.g. Ontobroker, SHOE, OntoSeek, BUSTER). This paper deals with a practical solution for finding and integrating information from the Web. Since some of the ideas of our BUSTER system are already known we focus on two issues: we introduce the Comprehensive Source Description (CSD), a necessary description for information sources that allows extra services such as integration or translation and a new feature that allows a combined search for concepts at a certain location, introducing the concept@locationquery. We discuss implementation issues and provide an example for better understanding.


In this paper we define a new linearity measure which can be applied to open curve segments. The new measure ranges over the interval (0,1], and produces the value 1 if and only if the measured line is a perfect straight line segment. Also, the new linearity measure is invariant with respect to translations, rotations and scaling transformations.


With the rapid development of volunteer services,volunteers face many risks in their volunteer activities. These risks are diverse,complex and societal,and are in an urgent need of a risk transfer mechanism. On reviewing the development of volunteer insurance in China,the paper held that the volunteer insurance system had experienced a vacuum period,a start-up period,and now was at the perfection stage. At this stage,the volunteer insurance system still had many problems. We need to strengthen legislation and other measures to build up a three-inone volunteer insurance system with the industrial injury insurance and social welfare as the basis,and the special insurance as the highest protection.


Nowadays,people face various diseases due to environmental condition and their living habits. So the prediction of disease at an earlier stage becomes an important task. But the accurate prediction based on symptoms becomes too difficult for the doctor. The correctprediction of disease is the most challenging task. To overcome this problem data mining plays an important role to predict the disease. Medical science has a large amount of data growth per year. Due to the increasing amount of data growth in the medicaland healthcare field the accurate analysis of medical data has been benefits from early patient care. With the help of disease data, data mining finds hidden pattern information in a huge amount of medical data. We proposed general disease prediction based on the symptoms of the patient. For the disease prediction, we use Convolutional neural network (CNN) machine learning algorithm for the accurate prediction of disease. For disease prediction required disease symptoms dataset. After general disease prediction, this system able to gives the risk associated with a general disease which is a lower risk of general disease or highe


The bat Myotis adversus hunts for prey by aerial hawking and by taking prey from the water surface with its feet (trawling). The flight performance and echolocation of this species were studied in Queensland, Australia, and comparisons were made with Myotis daubentoni, a bat filling a similar ecological niche in the Palaearctic Region. The bats foraged in very similar ways, using the same foraging tactics and feeding in similar habitats, yet they were not geometrically similar in shape. The slightly larger Myotis adversus had relatively larger wings than M. daubentoni, conferring a slightly lower wing-loading. Nevertheless, M. adversus flew faster than M. daubentoni during the searching phase of foraging. Myotis daubentoni turned in tighter circles than M. adversus. Both species used short frequency-modulated (FM) echolocation calls of a characteristic sigmoidal structure, and nulls typically observed in the calls were an observational artefact. Myotis adversus also adopted an unusual 'long'FM call while foraging. The relations between echolocation frequencies and body size were explored in male M. adversus. Specialized morphological and acoustic adaptations for prey capture by trawling in insectivorous bats are discussed.


This paper investigates two mythical languages, the speakers of which are traditionally said to have built the Kaʿba: the Arabic of the Jurhum and the Arabic of Ishmael's descendants. Some sources describe these ethnic groups as speakers of pre-Islamic dialects that, albeit not mythical, do not qualify as certainly historical: the luġat Jurhum, the luġat Huḏayl and the luġat Qurayš. Although the treatise Kitāb al-Luġāt fī l-Qurʾān ascribes many Koranic words to these dialects, its authenticity is dubious. This paper explores the possible identification of the mythical Arabic of the Jurhum and of Ishmael with such traditionally Koranic dialects. It also assesses whether both mythical languages have a historical basis by considering two kinds of data: some narrative details recorded in mythological materials, and some linguistic and socio-historical traits of these Koranic words.


The present invention relates to a dehumidifier and a method for controlling the operation of the dehumidifier. The dehumidifier, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a variable compressor which varies the rotation speed of a driving shaft according to an input control signal and adjusts an amount of a refrigerant gas compressed by the rotation of the driving shaft; a condenser for liquefying the compressed refrigerant gas received from the variable compressor; a heat exchanger for cooling flown air by vaporizing the liquefied refrigerant gas, and condensing vapors of the flown air into water to remove the water by using the cooling air; a blower fan for supplying outside air to the heat exchanger by forming an air flow according to the driving speed of a blower motor; and a control unit for generating the control signal according to the input signal so as to adjust the rotation speed of the driving shaft.


The research of the sources of Chinese characters in Chinese and Japanese languages from synchronic and diachronic viewpoints has been an important part in the study of Chinese and Japanese lexical histories. This paper tries to correct some mistakes found in some dictionaries and works in this field through a detailed research on such words such as 女,风邪,老若,看板,放埒,调制 and 勾配, with an aim to provide some references for lexicographers and Chinese and Japanese linguists.


In order to deal with inherent contradiction between the geometric resolution and width in conventional space-borne SAR(synthetic aperture radar),this paper investigates several HRWS(high resolution wide swath)space-borne SAR systems based on DBF(digital beamforming)technique,including ultra-high resolution,medium resolution,and ultra-wide swath.In addition,this paper proposes some key techniques for the development of DBF HRWS SAR,including SMART(smart multi-aperture radar technique),multi-channel preprocessing technique in azimuth,real-time digital beam-forming in elevation,and multi-channel SAR data compression technique.


Introduction: Delays in the time of analysis of unspun blood samples stored at varying temperatures received in the laboratory pose a risk for unreliable prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) result; hence, consequent detrimental effect on patient care. This study's aim was thus to determine the optimal storage conditions and the potential effect of various storage times and temperatures on unspun samples for PT and APTT for a reliable test result. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 33 eligible apparent healthy volunteers were recruited. Eighteen milliliters (ml) of venous blood were collected into 20 ml plastic bottles containing 2 ml of 0.109 M sodium citrate as an anticoagulant. Each citrated sample was separated into nine 2 ml aliquots. Baseline PT and APTT were determined with a coagulometer immediately and the remaining aliquots were analyzed after 3, 6, 12, and 24 h storage time at refrigerated (4°C) and room temperature (RT), respectively. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and Paired student t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results: At 24 h storage time at both RT and 4°C for PT, there was a statistically significant difference (P = 0.000). For APTT, a statistically significant difference was observed at 12 h (P = 0.009) and 24 h (P = 0.000) at RT whereas, at 4°C, all storage time had a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Unspun blood samples can be stored maximally for 12 h at RT and 4°C for PT whereas it is 6 h at RT only for APTT.


The maintenance of pH homeostasis is critical for biological processes in all organisms, with the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, being no exception. The parasite food vacuole is a major acidic digestive organelle, where the pH is thought to be regulated by proton pumps in its membrane. The acidic environment promotes the action of enzymes involved in hemoglobin degradation, and polymerization of toxic heme into hemozoin. This biological process is vital for the parasite and a proven chemotherapeutic target. Thus, determining the pH dynamics along the parasite life cycle and in the context of antimalarial drugs might provide unique information about the parasite pathophysiology, cell metabolism and function, shedding light into drugs mechanism of action and possibly target(s) disclosure. To reliably measure the pH of P.falciparum digestive vacuole along its life cycle, we designed a genetically encoded fluorescent sensor strategy, consisting of fusing the ratiometric pHLuorin2 with emiRFP670 to the falcipain-2 protein, a cysteine protease located in this compartment.


Gas turbine is a complex system operating in non-stationary operation conditions for which traditional model-based modelling approaches have poor generalization capabilities. To address this, an investigation of a novel data driven neural networks based model approach for a three-spool aero-derivative gas turbine engine (ADGTE) for power generation during its loading and unloading conditions is reported in this paper. For this purpose, a non-linear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) is used to develop this model in MATLAB environment using operational closed-loop data collected from Siemens (SGT-A65) ADGTE. Inspired by the way biological neural networks process information and by their structure which changes depending on their function, multiple-input single-output (MISO) NARX models with different configurations were used to represent each of the ADGTE output parameters with the same input parameters. First, data preprocessing and estimation of the order of these MISO models were performed. Next, a computer program code was developed to perform a comparative study and to select the best NARX model configuration, which can represent the system dynamics. Usage of a single neural network to represent each of the system output parameters may not be able to provide an accurate prediction for unseen data and as a consequence, provides poor generalization. To overcome this problem, an ensemble of MISO NARX models is used to represent each output parameter. The major challenge of the ensemble generation is to decide how to combine results produced by the ensemble's components. In this paper, a novel hybrid dynamic weighting method (HDWM) is proposed. The verification of this method was performed by comparing its performance with three of the most popular basic methods for ensemble integration: basic ensemble method (BEM), median rule and dynamic weighting method (DWM). Finally, the generated ensembles of MISO NARX models for each output parameter were evaluated using unseen data (testing data). The simulation results based on datasets consisting for experimental data as well as data provided by Siemens high fidelity thermodynamic transient simulation program show improvement in accuracy and robustness by using the proposed modelling approach.


Based on the conventional Rytov method in a weakly atmospheric turbulence and by using the modified spectrum, the fluctuation of optical wave can be modeled as a modulation process in which small scale fluctuations are multiplicatively modulated by large scale fluctuations, and the scintillation index as a function of the Rytov variance is obtained from weak to strong fluctuation regions by using the non zero inner model with plane wave or spherical wave incidence. Finally, the variation of the normalized covariance function of intensity with different strengths of turbulence under zero inner model is discussed in detail.


Key (1) having an end (6) secured to a yoke (7) mounted in a housing (2) for rotation about a pivot axis (11) between a retracted position of the key in the housing and a position Release of the key, and a control pushbutton (17) mounted in a housing (10) of the clevis to be secured pivotably to the latter and to slide between a holding position of the yoke at least in the retracted position and a release position of the pivot yoke, the control pushbutton including at least one lug (24) received in a groove (12) of the housing, the groove having an inlet section opening at one end on an outer face ( 8) of the tread and opening at a second end into a terminal segment forming an angle therewith, the terminal segment extending along the pivot axis.


Clearly defined learning objectives precede the teaching of any course. This paper introduces a three dimensional objectives matrix and proposes pedagogy for attaining the goals of the matrix. The y axis shows Bloom's taxonomy with rote memorization near the origin and critical thinking skills at the top. The x axis shows Daggett's topic relevancy with "can be applied in the course being taught" at the origin, progresses through "can be applied in other courses" to "can be applied in the workplace." The z axis shows retention over time, progressing from "short term memory" through "working memory," to "long term memory." The conclusion is made that, by default, too many courses are centered near the origin of this matrix whereas employers need workers skilled at the outer region of the matrix. The paper discusses how this matrix is used as the focus of a business statistics course and describes three experiential learning techniques which reinforce these goals.


Hyponatraemia is a relatively common electrolyte problem encountered in hospitalised patients and it carries significant morbidity and mortality. It is challenging to spot the exact cause of hyponatraemia especially when it is associated with multiple comorbidities, such as hypothyroidism, obesity


We provide evidence that suggests that a reduction in outside wage options reduces wage increases in retained jobs. We use the natural experiment of a reform that reduced outside wage options for employees in deregulated crafts occupations in comparison to employees in not reformed crafts occupations. To avoid estimation biases from general reform effects on wages, we concentrate on employees active in crafts occupations who worked for employers in the industry and commerce sectors and exclude employees in the crafts sector. Four years after the reform, the wages of treated employees in deregulated crafts were 5 per cent lower than wages of employees in not reformed occupations (control group). The reform, therefore, led to wage differentiation between comparable employees. The wage effects are concentrated in employers with high general wage increases after the reform and they can be found even at individual employers.


A general framework, based on ideas of Tanner, for the description of codes and iterative decoding (turbo coding) is developed. Just like trellis-based code descriptions are naturally matched to Viterbi decoding, code descriptions based on Tanner graphs (which may be viewed as generalized trellises) are naturally matched to iterative decoding. Two basic iterative decoding algorithms (which are versions of the algorithms of Berrou et al. and of Hagenauer, respectively) are shown to be natural generalizations of the forward-backward algorithm (Bahl et al.) and the Viterbi algorithm, respectively, to arbitrary Tanner graphs. The careful derivation of these algorithms clarifies, in particular, which a priori probabilities are admissible and how they are properly dealt with. For cycle codes (a class of binary linear block codes), a complete characterization is given of the error patterns that are corrected by the generalized Viterbi algorithm after infinitely many iterations.


Yunnan is one of most important provinces with mineral resources and exploration in China. Meanwhile, Yunnan is Chinese ecological protective screen and try to be Pacesetter of ecological civilization. However, mining industry always disturbs ecological environment seriously. So green mine construction is inevitable and the best choice for Yunnan. In this paper, achievement of green mine construction in Yunnan was summarized. Then the paper takes two mines from Dahongshan and 4 mines from Yunnan Phosphate Chemical Group Co., Ltd (YPC for short) as case studies. Technological innovation in Dahongshan Fe Mine and Dahongshan Cu Mine guarantees their success of green mine construction. Land rehabilitation and harmonious community are highlights of 4 mines from YPC. These modes and experience could be referential to construct green mine.


India has a high concentration of textile mills and lakhs of people work in these mills in impoverished and unprotected conditions. Due to chronic exposure to cotton dust these workers are susceptible to development of byssinosis. The development of byssinosis is insidious in these workers, but the establishment of clinically overt disease can be predicted beforehand by performing inexpensive screening tests such as PEFR measurement. In our study PEFR in controls was found to be 8.10+1.58 l/sec as compared to 7.10 +1.61 l/sec in exposed workers (p


Dissussed in this paper is how to bring the function of medical image analysis system into play in modern biomedical image analysis by making use of general microcomputer image processing software from the angle of application techniques.


ABSTRACT In contemporary historical culture, digital entertainment games about the Second World War have become a prominent format for cultural expression. By allowing players to actively engage with the history of the Second World War, this body of commercial digital entertainment games can significantly co-configure how this war is understood, especially in light of the blurring distinction between formal and informal historical learning. This article presents an interpretative content analysis of the marketing 'paratexts' of a corpus of digital entertainment games about the Second World War that are shared through online game stores and online game community platforms. This is done to provide insight into how digital entertainment games and their online community platforms can function as sites for informal historical learning, both in relation to the history of the Second World War and the central goals of formal history education.


In the present paper, we consider the subclass of meromorphic univalent functions S p(k,, ,c ) with fixed second positive coecient. The object of the present paper is to show coecient estimates, convex liner combinations, some distortion theorems, and redii of starlikeness and convexity for f(z) in the class S p(k,, ,c ). Full text


Marvell's "The Coronet," Herbert's "Jordan" (II) and "A Wreath," Vaughan's "The Garland" and "The Wreath," and Donne's "La Corona" weave a "vile crowne of fraile bayes" of human praise for an ineffable God.1 Describing a circle of poets copying each other's form is one way to open up their enclosure by theology in previous criticism of these poems. This article will suggest that the poems' own governing metaphor should be taken literally: they are florilegia of past reading and writing, not only a description of the dilemma of solofidianism. A.D. Nuttall has summed up the theological debate over Herbert's "Jordan" poems:


Processes of extractive metallurgy include both heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions. Mass transfer rate to reaction interfaces, for example, an interface between an electrode and an aqueous solution in electrorefining processes, controlled the overall reaction rate of processes. Although the diffusion coefficient of solute is a fundamental parameter for mass transfer, available data are still limited at present. Therefore, it is often necessary to measure the values of diffusion coefficient under the conditions concerned. In this review paper, some techniques for determining diffusion coefficients of electrolytes in aqueous solutions are described with discussion on several points to be careful in the experiments, which includes the methods using a porous diaphragm cell, optical instruments and electrochemical devices.


The present invention relates to a vehicle seat comprising a headrest (14) which is supported on the backrest (10). The headrest comprises an occupant's head, shoulder, and air supply system for directing a flow of air to the neck area of the air nozzle (24) (16) on the front side (26) facing the seat occupant. It said air nozzle (24) is provided with guide elements for guiding the flow of exiting air (32, 44). According to the present invention, each component of the air nozzle (24) is retracted from the front (26) a comfortable distance (K) by a headrest (14).


Abstract : This report discusses a variation of a previously described two channel system employing changeover contactors. The total generator capacity for such a system may be reduced from twice to four-thirds of the maximum aircraft load if, in the event of the failure of one channel, it is possible to discard one-third of the load without affecting the safety of the aircraft or the success of its mission. The inessential part of the load is connected to a third bus-bar which is automatically disconnected if either generator has an overload in excess of 10%. The basic merits of the original scheme, simplicity and very short interruption times when faults occur, are not affected. (Author)


Maize yield is severely affected by soil salinity. In an effort to engineer maize for improved salt tolerance, immature embryo derived calli of four selected Egyptian maize inbred lines (Gz 639, Gz 649, Sd 34 and Sd 62) and the American inbred 188, were bombarded with a plasmid containing the Bax-Inhibiting glutathione S-transferase (BI-GST) gene for abiotic stress tolerance and the bar gene for herbicide resistance. Thirty independent transgenic events were obtained from different experiments. The transformation efficiency varied among the different genotypes. The highest transformation efficiency has been obtained by A 188 in comparison to the other genotypes. While, the transformation efficiency of Gz 639 revealed the highest transformation efficiency among the Egyptian lines. Putative transgenic events have been tested by herbicide application through leaf painting, which revealed different levels of tolerance to the herbicide Basta. For molecular confirmation of putative transgenic plants, PCR analysis has been carried out and revealed the presence of both of the BI-GST and the bar genes in the DNA of the putatively transgenic plants. Southern blot hybridization confirmed the integration of the gene of interest (BI-GST) into the genome of the maize transgenic plants. Moreover, enzyme assays for GST and peroxidase revealed different levels of catalytic activities among the different transgenic maize lines and within lines. The GST activity ranged from 11.6 u/gm for Sd 34 to 1.2 u/gm for Gz 639 (19B). While, the highest peroxidase activity was 13.6 min -1 gm -1 ml -1 for A 188 (27) and the lowest was 0.9 min -1 gm -1 ml -1 for Gz 639(15). These results demonstrate that the BI-GST gene has been successfully transferred into maize lines and the salt tolerance may be improved in BI-GST transgenic plants.


Intrusion detection is difficult to accomplish when utilizing the current detection methodologies when considering the database and authorized insiders. It is a common understanding that current methodologies focus on the network architecture, which is not an adequate solution when considering the insider threat. Recent findings suggest that many have attempted to address this concern with the utilization of various detection methodologies in the areas of database authorization, security policy management and behavior analysis yet have not been able to find an adequate solution to achieve the level of detection that is required. While each of these methodologies has been addressed on an individual basis, there has been limited work focused on the collaboration of methodologies. The research presented defines the development of a Database Intrusion Detection System (dIDS) framework by introducing a process and implementation method in a harmonious use of current methodologies to enable detection of the insider threat at the database level. KeywordsBayesian Belief Network; Database; Insider Threat; Intrusion Detection


In order to improve the development of services for the disabilities and solve the traffic difficulties for them,and promote accessibility-Taxi services,at the beginning of this paper,the definition of WAT,the designation of the vehicle and its manufacture experiences are introduced,and the criterion for WAT's designation is proposed too.Then the paper considers the situation of taxi in our country and the requirement of WAT's service,so the conclusion that this industry will be well performed in China is elicited.At last,the paper gives its client range and mode of service clearly based on the situation of our country,and also gives proposition that how to promote the management perfectly.


In order to simulate the resin filling process of Liquid Composite Modeling (LCM) such as Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) effectively, the permeability tensor field of preform is needed to be predicted accurately in advance. In the several existing micro-permeability prediction models, the fibers are assumed to be regularly arranged (quadratic or hexagonal) to simplify the flow analysis, they all ignore the randomness of the fiber distribution in yarn. The micro-permeability is a preform property depending strongly on the preform's micro-geometry, so building the micro-geometry close to the real structure is significant to predict the micro-permeability of preform. In this work, we present a Monte Carlo moving method to obtain the fiber random distribution on the front and rear cross sections of yarn segment, then build the geometry model of the yarn segment, adjust the center path line of fiber model by Bezier method, establish the micro-geometry model of yarn close to the real structure containing both axial and radial random factors. The micro-geometry model consisting of ∼100 fibers is built using the mentioned method, the fiber volume fraction varies from 0.15 to 0.90, and CFD simulations are carried out to determine their permeability values. The results show that compared to the regular fiber arrays, the disordered fiber arrays have a greater axial permeability, and two special transverse flow effects emerged as the disorder of fiber distribution, named local channeling effect and local obstructing effect. Relative to the theory predicted transverse permeability, the simulated permeability increases in the high porosity yarn as the channeling effect dominates the liquid flow, vice versa, the simulated permeability decreases in the low porosity yarn since the obstructing effect dominates the liquid flow, the simulation results agree well with the experimental ones, indicating the validity of the micro-geometry modeling method.


0305-7364/0 * For cor fairchildgarde The Commelinoid monocots are a monophyletic group comprising the Arecales, Commelinales, Poales and Zingiberales, plus the unplaced family Dasypogonaceae. Pollen from 149 taxa was examined qualitatively for starch as the primary storage product. Starchy pollen was found in 134 taxa (90% of the sample) of Commelinoid monocots. Starchy pollen thus appears be a characteristic feature of the Commelinoid monocots. Starchy pollen can be easily observed with minimal preparation, making it a demonstrable character useful in the classroom or teaching laboratory. Furthermore, starchy pollen grains were found to be signi®cantly larger in diameter than non-starchy grains, con®rming previous hypotheses regarding pollen size and starch. # 2000 Annals of Botany Company


ABSTRACT Social assistance is a program created to alleviate extreme poverty by providing payments to people with little or no income. It has been heavily criticized due to the conflicting nature of its two main objectives, alleviating poverty and promoting self-sufficiency. The purposes of this research were to present a richly textured account of the lived experience of persons receiving social assistance in Ontario, Canada and to explore how their occupational possibilities are influenced by broader social contexts and policy. We used critical narrative analysis, which combines hermeneutic phenomenology with critical theory, to interrogate the data from a governmentality perspective. We uncovered common aspects of participant experiences related to the social system, the community, and individual factors and demonstrated tensions created by neoliberalism: the Neoliberal Paradox, the Welfare-to-Work Paradox, and the Caseworker Paradox. Social assistance recipients lack the opportunity and resources to make everyday choices and to have decision-making power as they participate in occupations. Through a better understanding of the social and political processes that create social assistance, while considering the lived experience of its recipients, occupational scientists will be better able to identify and rectify occupational injustices for people living in poverty.


Anisotropic metal nanoparticles (NPs), such as high‐aspect‐ratio Au nanorods (NRs), play an important role for applications in photocatalysis, sensing, and drug delivery because of their adjustable plasmon resonances. Their performance for these applications can be further improved by fine‐tuning their morphologies. Achieving desired NP architectures requires insight into their formation mechanisms. Here, liquid‐phase transmission electron microscopy is used to directly follow the overgrowth of Au NR seeds into nanoarrows (NAs) with fourfold symmetric wings along the sides. Adding thiol molecules like L‐cysteine to the growth solution can lead to the formation of NAs with periodic prismatic teeth instead of the straight side wings. These observations suggest that this transition is controlled by binding of L‐cysteine to the NR surface, which in turn, slows down the metal deposition rate, switching the overgrowth from the kinetically to thermodynamically controlled process. Furthermore, simulations demonstrate that these prismatic teeth enhance the NPs' plasmonic properties. The study describes how thiol additives control the morphological evolution of metal NPs, which is important for the fabrication of NPs with tailored shapes for a broad range of applications.


Wasserfall et al., "Autoantibody markers for the diagnosis and prediction of type 1 diabetes." Autoimmunity Reviews, 2006, 5(6):424-428. Aribi, "Candidate Genes Implicated in Type 1 Diabetes Suscepti bility," Current Diabetes Reviews, 2008, 4:110-121. Bakshi et al., Novel Role of CXCR2 in Regulation of gamma Secretase Activity, ACS Chemical Biology, 3 (12):777-789, 2009. Chavey et al., CXC Ligand 5 Is an Adipose-Tissue Derived Factor that Links Obesity to Insulin Resistance, Cell Metabolism, 9:339 349, 2009. Buchanan et al., Preservation of Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes by Pharmacological Treatment of Insulin Resistance in High-Risk Hispanic Women, Diabetes, 51:2796-2803, 2002. Gorio et al., Reparixin, an Inhibitor of CXCR2 Function, Attenuates Inflammatory Responses and Promotes Recovery of Function after Traumatic Lesion to the Spinal Cord, The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 322(3):973-981, 2007. Allegretti et al., Allosteric inhibitors of chemoattractant receptors: opportunities and pitfalls, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 29(6):280-286, 2008. EPO Authorized Officer Jenny Olausson, PCT International Search Report and Written Opinion for International Application No. PCTIEP201


It has been a long history that people are getting enjoyment from all sorts of resorts abroad.In Hainan of China,leisure farms are subjected to build into boutique resorts with distinguishing features on the guidance of the principles and types for sustainable development.


Two methods are described for the synthesis of the unusual bivalent Group 4B metal alkyls M[CH(SiMe3)2]2(M = Ge, Sn,or Pb)from Li[CH(SiMe3)2] indiethyl ether at 0 to –20°C and (a) the metal(II) chloride (M = Sn or Pb) or (b) M[N(SiMe3)2]2(M = Ge or Sn). At ambient temperature in cyclohexane or benzene the solutions are yellow (Ge), red (Sn), or purple (Pb), and the compounds are monomeric and in a singlet electronic ground state. There are colour changes between the solid and the melt, and the compounds tend to become colourless at –196 °C. The crystal structure of the tin(II) alkyl shows a centrosymmetric dimer with a Sn–Sn bond (2.76 A) similar in length to that in Sn2Ph6, and the two pairs of geminal alkyl groups in a mutually trans arrangement. The solid germanium compound is inferred to be structurally similar because of the presence of a strong polarised Raman line at 300 cm–1. The monomer is believed to be angular with three approximately sp2 hybridised orbitals at the metal, one of which is non-bonding; the dimer. with a SnSn bent double bond, is formed by overlap of the non-bonding orbital of each monomer unit with the orthogonal vacant pz orbital of the other.


This master thesis deals with the design, fabrication and characterization of integrated optical micro resonators for fluorescent biosensing. By applying micro resonators on integrated optical fluorescent sensors, increased sensitivity can be obtained compared to waveguide sensing. These resonators can locally enhance the intensity of light that interacts with fluorescent molecules in the analyte. Aims: • Optimize design of micro resonators for fluorescent biosensing • Contribute to build-up integrated optical tools and fabrication methods within Philips Lab • Feasibility study of integrated optical waveguides and micro resonators • Characterization of micro resonators For application in the wavelength range of 700 to 800 nm, ring and racetrack shaped resonators are designed and realized with a silicon nitride (n=2.01) core-layer, a silicon oxide (n=1.45) buffer-layer and a sol gel (n=1.44) cladding, using standard lithography. Indications of the material and fabrication losses in slab-and waveguides are made. A method to characterize the resonators is explored based on cavity ring down time. Unclassified Conclusions: Two parameters determine the performance of a micro resonator: (1) loss in the micro resonator structure, and (2) the coupling coefficient between the straight waveguide and the resonator. Loss is always present and they determine the maximum intensity enhancement, and thus the loss should be kept to a minimum. The optimal radius of 20 µm is determined by summing up the simulated bend loss and the propagation loss (material and fabrication loss). The grow of the silicon nitride core-layer is optimal by applying LPCVD stoichiometric. 0.7 dB/cm is an indication of the loss in a 224 nm thick slabguide. The loss in the waveguides with a sol gel cladding are in the order of 6 dB/cm. When applying a BHF-dip, which is used to reduce side-wall imperfections, the scatter loss can probably even reduce. Assuming propagation loss of 6 dB/cm results in a theoretical unloaded Finesse of around 350 (Q ≈ 90.000), and an intensity enhancement in the resonator of 55x. A cavity ring down time setup is built. The feasibility of the applied setup is shown using a FP resonator. For full characterization of the fabricated micro resonators, optimization of the setup is needed. Preface With a broad education in electrical engineering and telecommunication networks, this physics assignment was a great challenge for me. I prefer working hard on a topic that is new to me, than learning only a little bit more about things that I already know quite …


When cells of yeast or animal tissues are injured by agents such as lethal ultra-violet which do not lead directly to rupture of the membrane or to rapid death, proliferationpromoting factors other than dead-cell disintegration products or autolysis products appear in the intercellular fluids [Loofbourow, Dwyer et al. 1938; 1940; 1941; Davidson, 1940]. Evidence that such proliferation-promoting factors (intercellular wound hormones) are released by living injured cells rests primarily on the following observations [Loofbourow, Dwyer & Cronin, 1941]: (1) slow injury leads to higher potencies of intercellular fluids than rapid killing, (2) the potency of the fluids increases rapidly before appreciable mortality is noted, (3) the potency is greater when cells are injured in a physiologically favourable suspension medium, (4) active factors appear in suspensions of cells subjected to anaerobiosis without killing the cells, and (5) cells killed quickly by grinding or boiling and then subjected to injurious ultra-violet yield less potent preparations than cells injured slowly by ultra-violet prior to quick killing by grinding or boiling. It has been concluded from such data that the proliferation-promoting activity of intercellular fluids from slowly-injured cells is attributable to either (a) release. of materials already present in the cell as a result of increased membrane permeability, (b) release of materials synthesized in the living cell as a response to injury, or (c) both of these processes. The further studies presented here were directed at a more complete elucidation of the mechanism involved in this phenomenon.


This paper presents a new methodology for the real time recognition of incident-related traffic patterns on freeways. The approach is able to distinguish incidents from incident-free cases as well as characterize incidents in terms of incident location and changes in traffic patterns. Fuzzy cluster theory is used for classifying incident-related traffic patterns. Lane traffic counts and density are the two major types of input data used.


The sweetpotato germplasm collection conserved by Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Hortalicas was gathered by means of recollection expeditions and the duplication of the collection formerly maintained by Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Mandioca e Fruticultura. The purpose of this paper was to describe and to analyze the morphological variability maintained in that collection. Three-hundred and twenty-four native accessions were evaluated, using 25 morphological characteristics. It was possible to identify 256 morphological types; 223 accessions presenting unique morphology and 33 groups of morphologically identical accessions. About 20% of the collection were made of duplications. Based on the assessment of the phenotypic diversity maintained in this collection for each descriptor used, it was considered that the collection presents a high level of polymorphism. The results were discussed in relation to their use on the organization of the germplasm collection, on the planning of the in vitro collection, of seed production fields and of the molecular characterization activities and on the management of this genetic resource at national level.


Learning Objectives: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a paradoxical prothrombotic response to heparin, when antibodies generated against neoepitopes of heparin bound to platelet factor-4 cause platelet consumption and thrombus formation. Although rare in children, HIT is often over-reported. A 2013 meta-analysis found only 146 pediatric cases of alleged HIT, of which only 16 were classified as "probable HIT." We report a child with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) and HIT. A 7-year-old girl presented to another hospital with 3 days of vomiting and diarrhea, a normal physical examination, and renal failure (BUN > 140 mg/dL, creatinine 19 mg/dL, K 7.5 mmol/L). She was transferred to our PICU for emergent hemodialysis and received heparin. Serum C3 was low at 21 mg/dL and ASO titer was 2,085 IU/mL. There was no evidence of hemolysis. Renal biopsy showed granular C3 deposition along the glomerular basement membrane, consistent with PSGN, with no evidence of microthrombi to suggest hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Renal function normalized by discharge. Her platelet count fell >50% by hospital day 6 (229,000/uL to 99,000) and reached a nadir on day 12 (51,000). Ultrasound revealed non-occlusive thrombi of the bilateral external and common iliac veins, and the distal and middle IVC. There was high suspicion for HIT due to thrombocytopenia and thromboses developing after exposure to heparin absent other etiologies. HIT antibody presence was confirmed by ELISA and the final diagnosis was confirmed by serotonin release assay. Heparin was stopped and argatroban was started. On day 12, a saddle pulmonary embolism was found. Argatroban was continued then transitioned to warfarin, which was continued after discharge. Platelet count recovered after stopping heparin and was 203,000 at discharge. This case illustrates a rare laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of HIT in a child. Concurrent HIT and glomerulonephritis has never been reported. We hope this case provides insight into the proper diagnosis of HIT and enables a better understanding of its prevalence and risk in children.


adoption of the 2010 Law on the Choice of Law for Foreign-Related Civil Relationships (hereafter the 2010 Law), the judiciary has exerted even more pressure on essential characteristics of a rule-based order – certainty, predictability and accountability – in the operationalization of the 2010 Law. In this respect, the Supreme Court of China had repealed its earlier 2007 Provisions on Certain Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Cases Involving Disputes over Foreign-Related Civil or Commercial Contracts in 2013 on grounds that they conflicted with the 2010 Law. The Supreme Court of China has retracted its earlier stipulations on the connecting factors for certain contracts – in the absence of choice by the contracting parties themselves to decide upon the applicable law governing their contractual relationship – and left it open to the indeterminacy of Article 41 of the 2010 Law that treats its two tests on the choice of law on an equal footing, that is, characteristic performer and closest connection. Such moves by the Supreme Court of China will inevitably affect one's understanding of law and economics and whether China's trajectory towards an innovation-oriented and consumption-driven society remains (or perhaps is no longer) anchored upon its globalization discourse. Although this seemingly minor intervention was omitted in this volume's final discussion on the conflict of laws (p. 911), its manifestation was yet another example of the ever-changing nature of Chinese business law and its practice by its numerous actors. It may indeed further reflect and be an indicator of the success of the transformation of China's economic model and the place of law in this process.


Thyroid diseases are the second most public endocri ne system disorder which effect many systems of the body. This work aimed to study the effect of hyperand hypothyroidism on the blood pressure (systolic and diastolic, hemoglobin level (Hb), fasting blood sugar level (FBS), and decayed, missi ng, and fulling teeth (dmf-t) and study the frequencies of anemia, hypertension and d iabetes in these three groups. This study included forty patients, who were previously diagnosed with hyperthyroidism (20case) and hypothyroidism (20case) as well as 10 healthy as control (male and female) in age group of 30-65 years. There were sig nificant differences in HB levels among the three groups were detected. The lowest wa in hypothyroidism and the highest was in control. The frequency of anemia was significantly higher in the hyperand hypothyroidism compared to control. The systoli c blood pressure was significantly higher in the hyperthyroidism group. Conversely, significantly higher diastolic blood pressure in the hypothyroidism grou p was detected. The frequencies of Hypertension were significantly higher in the hyper thy oidism and hypothyroidism compared to control. There also were significantly differences in the FB S levels among the three groups. The frequency of diabetic w as significantly higher in the hyperand hypothyroidism compared to control . According to obtained data we suggested that all patients with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism should be periodically evaluated for probably hematological, cardiovascular, biochemical, and oral changes.


In a radio network, the air interface connects the fixed network equipment and the subscriber units or directly the subscriber units. It includes the physical (PHY) layer and the medium access control (MAC) layer. A key requirement for high speed future systems is the MAC throughput, which, generally is a fraction of the PHY data rate, typically of the order of 50 %. Thus, there are two approaches to boost the throughput, first increase the data rate, second improve the efficiency of the MAC layer. However, the potential for MAC efficiency improvement is tightly related to some features of the PHY layer and, particularly, its robustness and flexibility. Clearly, the PHY layer is the key component of the air interface of future networks. In the talk, after a brief review of important features of future systems and the related requirements, the impact of the PHY layer is discussed, with emphasis on the new concept of cognitive radio. Turning to transmission techniques, multicarrier appears as the right approach to meet the requirements. With reference to the existing OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) systems, future systems will require a more advanced modulation technique and FBMC (filter bank based multicarrier) modulation is proposed. The advantages of FBMC in terms of maximum PHY data rate, robustness to channel impairments, flexibity in the multiuser context are underlined. A critical issue is spectrum sensing for cognitive radio and the performance of FBMC in that respect is illustrated. Finally, some research topics in FBMC which are addressed by the European research project ldquoPHYDYASrdquo (physical layer for dynamic access and cognitive radio) are listed and commented. The progress made in that project so far confirms FBMC as a promising candidate technique for the air interface of future radio systems.


Five extraction techniques were used to obtain quantitative mea- surements of monoterpenes from blue spruce and grand fir needles. Multi- variate analysis of variance indicated that there was a significant difference in the amount of each monoterpene extracted by using different techniques. For both species, an 8-hr steam distillation of 10 g of material yielded the greatest amount of each monoterpene. This technique was also the most reproducible in that the coefficients of variation were lowest. A rapid steam distillation was relatively effective for grand fir, but not for blue spruce. A CO2 extraction was unreliable for both species.


(57) and [Abstract] solder protrusion 118, the underfill 114 which is integrated, a method of manufacturing a flip chip and according element and a separate flux coating 120 is described. This device, underfill material 114 is provided on the chip surface prior to applying the solder projections, then processed optically so as to form a hole 116 that serves as a mask for imparting solder projections it features a. Element formed are well suited for imparting by a simple one-step to a printed circuit board, thereby, conventionally, simplifying the manufacturing process of the flip chip has required a separate underfilling step.


probing the disjuncture which emerges when a political division between past and present is constructed without taking into account complications of temporality and memory. This forms the backbone of the volume, as successive contributors proceed to mark out arresting aspects of memory: politics, places of memory, nationalisms,ghosts, oblivion,remembrance, silence,taboos, resistance, discourses. In so doing, they not only cover key cultural texts and processes belonging to the period of the transition to democracy, but also provide strong theorizations of memory and haunting. The collected volume is unusual in its bilingual presentation, whereby half the chapters are in Castilian and the other haH in English. The book therefore targets not merely a bilingual readership but also makes a considerable offering to readerships that are either Castilian or English. Clearly, the bilingual aspect heightens the importance of this book by presenting to a dual readership diverse theoretical perspectives of memory which might otherwise be inaccessiole. Also unusual in an edited volume is the fact that Resina makes no attempt to briefly cover any of the chapters in his introduction. Instead, his theoretical discussion opens the field of memory to the reader and leads to the ensuing chapters. Numerous pre-eminent Hispanists have contributed to this volume. In particular, Jo Labanyi and David Herzberger are well known for their work on memory. Contributors, mainly academics but including the writer Manuel VazquezMontalban, approach the problematic of memory from diverse disciplinary angles and are themselves based in a range of countries: the United Kingdom, the United States, Holland, Germany, Spain. The result is a work of considerable detail and painstaking analysis which should become essential reading for those undertaking a study of post-Francoist Spain, not merely in the context of its politics, but also in that of culture, literature and film.


In the application of the road surface 3D reconstruction and object volume measurment by vehicle-borne laser scanner,the zero-hight plane of the road can obtained by the plane estimation algorithm based on RANSAC,and the accuracy of volume measurement of object on road surface is high.Experiment result showed that,the volume of an irregular crater on the road which is measured by water flooding method is 2.25 m3.The volume is 1.86 m3 and 2.10 m3 respectively before and after the points cloud optimization with the error of 17.3% and 6.7%,and the optimization time is around 7 s.Therefore,the points cloud optimization method on road surface proposed on this paper has the advantage of high-speed calculation.Meanwhile the volume accuracy and the 3D reconstruction effect could meet the requirement in practice.


Background:Distal femur fractures has recently evolved towards indirect reduction and minimally invasive techniques and treatment. The goal is to strike a balance between the mechanical stability of the fragments and the biological viability. Pre-contoured Locking compression plates (LCPs) have shown to give best results in terms of recovery, fracture union, return to work and functional outcome.
Objective: To study the functional result of fracture distal femur treated by closed reduction with LCP by minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO).
Methods:In our study, 20 patients with closed distal femur fractures were evaluated. All cases were treated atOrthopaedic Surgery dept., Kushtia Medical College Hospital, Kushtia, Bangladesh from January 2020 to December 2020. Inclusion criteria: Patients with lower third femoral fracture aged 18 years and above.The patients were evaluated clinically and radiologically for functional outcomes. All patients were followed up for an average of 12 months. Outcome was assessed using NEER's score.
Results:It was a prospective study. The study population comprised of 20 patients with mean age of 51.8 years ranging from 21 yrs to 68 yrs. All of them were closed injuries and fresh cases. The mean age was 51.8 years (21-68 yrs). 8 of my patients were male and 12 were female. 13 patients sustained RTA and 7 patients had accidental fall. 8 patients had right sided distal femur fracture and 12 had left sided injury. According to NEER's score 50% had excellent results, 35% had good results and 15% had fair results. Gait and weight bearing after union was satisfactory. Range of motion of knee joint in majority of patients was within acceptable limits. Conclusions: Closed reduction and internal fixation of fracture lower end of femur by MIPO using LCP is one of the best modalities of treatment for good results.


Cloud computing is a new Internet infrastructure paradigm where management optimization has become a challenge to be solved, as all current management systems are human-driven or ad-hoc automatic systems that must be tuned manually by experts. Management of cloud resources require accurate information about all the elements involved (host machines, resources, offered services, and clients), and some of this information can only be obtained a posteriori. Here we present the cloud and part of its architecture as a new scenario where data mining and machine learning can be applied to discover information and improve its management thanks to modeling and prediction. As a novel case of study we show in this work the modeling of basic cloud resources using machine learning, predicting resource requirements from context information like amount of load and clients, and also predicting the quality of service from resource planning, in order to feed cloud schedulers. Further, this work is an important part of our ongoing research program, where accurate models and predictors are essential to optimize cloud management autonomic systems.


Today availability of e-resources in a university library is very common. But their proper and maximum use is a matter for discussion. The present paper examines the existence of various e-resource databases in Mysore University Library. The study also hiehlights the preferences and importance of online resources among the students and research scholars


This study focuses on the influence of academic control and academic stress on online test anxiety using structural equation modelling approach. Two hypotheses guided the study. The data for the study was collected from one thousand secondary school students (540 females and 460 males) using purposive sampling techniques in Ughelli North Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria. CFA revealed that the three factors conformed well to the structure of the model and fitted to the data, with indices of CFI = 0.952, AGFI = 0.878, RMSEA = 0.051; and a statistically significant chi-square χ2/df = 1.758. In the structural model, the three factors conformed well to the structure of the model and fitted to the data, with indices of CFI = 0.932, AGFI = 0.888, RMSEA = 0.059; and a statistically significant chi-square χ2/df = 1.838. The results of the study also indicated that academic self-control and academic stress have significant influence on online testing anxiety. The researcher recommended that the school principals should organize workshops and seminars for students on how to control online test anxiety.


This article is based on a research on women leadership's opportunity at IAIN Ar- Raniry, Banda Aceh and women's challenges to achieve leadership level at the Islamic educational institutions. Based on the observation, it is found that there are no formal regulations or policies that have prevented women to occupy structural and nonstructural positions. Despite that fact, no women have occupied strategic structural position or having leadership roles such as becoming the Rector or the Dean at the IAIN Ar-Raniry. DOI:  10.15408/sdi.v17i3.457


A method to determinate retained austenite in steels with preferred orientation using an X-ray goniometer was introduced.The method is characteristics of dividing diffraction peak of the sample into two groups.Radiation source with different wavelengths is adopted to measure the diffraction peak area respectively and calculate the retained austenite content in the material.The method can effectively reduce the measurement error brought by the texture.


In this study, we examine whether internal and external collaboration (considering institutional and national levels) among scientific associates with research impact relates to research performance. We extract data from Scopus, a bibliometric database, searching for journal publications having 'information science' phrase in their title or keywords or abstracts and retrieve totally 4,579 publications. Spearman correlation rank test is used to examine the hypotheses. Analysis of collected data shows that publication's impact is significantly and positively associated with collaboration indicators based on authors' affiliations. However, internal collaborations at both institutional and national levels show stronger associations with publications' impact than external collaborations do.


The chive concern in this project is the study and develop a ventilation system for a High Tension Electrical Cable Tunnel. This is because the cables in the tunnels generates heat up to about 600C. These cables are laid in a trefoil configuration with 6 circuits running in an 80-metre-long with 3 metre diameter tunnel. To analyse the effects of air velocity and air flow on the surrounding of the interior of the tunnel a model of the tunnel was created using Solid works, CAD software. The parameters of the analysis were the Velocity and air flow which was determined from Air Change Per-Hour ("AC/Hr"). Using the assumption of Air Change Per-Hour with the volume of the tunnel designed, the velocities and air flow in tunnel were determined. the velocities obtained were used in the ANSYS Computational Fluid Dynamics software to determine the temperature at the mid of the tunnel at various ambient temperature and velocities to determine the best velocity and air flow for the tunnel ventilation system. The main emphasis was given for the ambient temperature of 330C which the average temperature of the area is where the tunnel is proposed to be built. All the results are presented in the Conclusion and Recommendation in this report.


Most states did not make major changes in their policies affecting cities and counties in 1992. California and Maryland are the two leading exceptions. As many states continued to experience fiscal stress, fourteen states cut aid to local governments, while ten states increased aid. Some important changes also occurred in local revenue authority, sorting out responsibilities, and restrictions on unfunded mandates.


Most of the popular transaction schedulers (e.g., those based on two-phase locking or time-stamping) use rollbacks. In this paper, we investigate "cautious schedulers," which never resort to rollbacks for the purpose of concurrency control. In particular, we consider cautious schedulers for classes WW (consisting of schedules serializable under the write-write constraints, also called CPSR or DSR) and WRW (a superclass of WW). The cautious WW-scheduler has a number of nice properties, one of which is the existence of a polyno- mial-time scheduling algorithm. Since cautious WRW-scheduling is, in general, NP-complete, we introduce some restrictions which enable polynomial-time scheduling. All of our cautious schedulers are based on the assumption that, on arrival, transactions predeclare their read and write sets. We discuss anomalies which occur when transactions modify their read sets or write sets during execution, and propose countermeasures.


We present the analysis of ultraviolet and optical spectra of KPD0005+5106. Redetermination of the atmospheric parameters is necessary because the recent discovery of highly ionised metals (Ne VIII, Ca x) indicates that the effective temperature is significantly higher than previously thought. Here we announce the discovery of lines from highly ionised silicon, sulphur, and iron (Si VII, S VII, Fe x) which were never found before in any stellar photosphere. Our analysis of these lines and those from helium and several other metals gives T eff = 200000 ± 20000 K, log g = 6.7 ± 0.3. Mass and luminosity follow from a comparison with evolutionary tracks: M = 0.64 M ⊙ and log L/L ⊙ = 3.7, so that, strictly speaking, the star is a helium-burning pre-white dwarf. The mass fractions of the metals in the helium-dominated atmosphere are in the range 0.7-4.3 solar. Hydrogen is not detectable and we derive an upper abundance limit of 0.034 solar. This abundance pattern is probably unaffected by gravitational settling and radiative levitation. Its origin lies in previous evolutionary stages. We discuss the link of KPD0005+5106 to RCrB stars and the possibility that it results from a double-degenerate merger event.


LTE Femtocells are designed to increase capacity and coverage especially for the indoor and cell-edge mobile users. Typically, they are deployed to offload the macrocell. However, due to co-location of femtocells in macrocell coverage, the co-tier and cross-tier interferences are high. Fractional Frequency Reuse mechanism (FFR) is one of the most effective femtocell interference avoidance techniques. In this paper, we propose a new metric to determine optimal inner region radius and frequency allocation which optimizes the total cell throughput and serves as many number of users in the network. We already know that FFR technique is designed to better serve cell edge users. With introduction of new metric, we extend that idea to serve as many users in the network. The new metric is applied to sectorized FFR configurations and their performance is evaluated under different network conditions.


This research was partially funded by projects CLG2008-04164 and CLG2011-30393 of the Spanish government (PI: I. De la Riva). Drawings were made by I. Diez-Cortaberria. This paper greatly benefited from the comments of two anonymous reviewers and the Associate Editor.


A 63yearold woman developed chills, vomiting and diarrhoea the day after returning from 2 months' travel in South East Europe. Travel included a Danube River cruise trip and time in Serbia, Croatia, Germany, Austria, Slovakia and Hungary. She visited rural areas and sustained mosquito bites, but reported no unpasteurised food consumption, animal contact or bites. Pretravel consultation was not undertaken. Past medical history included follicular lymphoma in remission, with rituximabinduced hypogammaglobulinaemia.


In previous papers we examined several fundamental problems related to object recognition for the generalized weak perspective model of image formation and offered a complete solution to the problems for configurations of point features. In this paper we convert those theoretical solutions to working algorithms and examine the robustness of the algorithms in the face of various combinations of errors and noise.


Double queue concept has recently been applied in continuous-time dynamic user assignment (DUE) because it can capture queue spillbacks by presenting link dynamics with capacitated upstream and downstream queues. While directly solving such DUE problems with time-varying, state-dependent delays is extremely challenging, some approximation schemes (called first-order approximation technique in this paper) have been proposed to simplify the link travel time calculation in a recent study on double-queue-based continuous-time DUE model. This paper mainly focuses on analyzing the performance and the properties of such approximated travel times. It is proved that with the first-order approximation, FIFO is guaranteed for network with fixed link capacities but may be violated if link capacities are time-varying. Numerical analysis is conducted on a simple stretch network with travel times computed based on accumulative inflow and exit flow curves, point queue model, the second-order approximation for comparison. The results state that if the demand is larger than the link capacities, the first-order approximation techniques lead to either overestimated or underestimated link travel times. In addition, overall the double queue model can produce relatively higher performance than the point queue model and the second-order approximated results are slightly better than the first-order approximated results.


Feminist advocacy commits wholeheartedly to a woman's autonomous choices about how to respond to domestic violence, prioritizing a woman's own lived experiences and her own assessments of her needs and goals over other supposedly "objective" assessments. Feminists robustly privilege individual choices of women in part as a way of revealing anti-woman bias in the dominant, patriarchal legal system as well to reject male constructions of feminine behavior. In feminist domestic violence advocacy, scholars and advocates have argued that a woman's autonomous choices include capacious choices about the kinds of emotions that a woman might express about being subjected to abuse. In particular, feminist scholars and advocates have crafted a discourse that has been particularly clear that anger is an emotion that the patriarchal system inappropriately does not tolerate from a woman, but which a feminist, woman-centric system both would and must tolerate.Feminist domestic violence discourse is beneficially intended to empower a woman subjected to abuse to consider her own unique circumstances when making decisions. However, that discourse has an unintended and unhelpful consequence of describing anger only positively. This Article pragmatically scrutinizes angry choices in the context of domestic violence and argues that such choices often are problematic and result in negative, but avoidable, consequences. The Article re-problematizes anger by separating the fact that anger can arise as an emotional response from actual conduct and actions out of anger. The Article argues that disentangling the experience of an emotion from conduct generated by the emotion creates a "disruptive moment." The disruptive moment allows a woman subjected to abuse to recognize and acknowledge emotions like anger, while creating space and time for reflection and perspective-taking, thus allowing a woman to consider multiple options about how she might act. The Article posits at least two discursive frames that might be introduced into the disruptive moment, each of which validates a woman's actual experience of anger as an emotional response while also creating conditions for positive decisionmaking. One frame is a "healing" frame, in which a woman would consider how the experience of anger might (or might not) help her feel better, and then consider separately how actions out of anger might (or might not) help her feel better. The second frame is a "cognitive processing" frame. With that frame, a woman would describe herself as trying to make the best decisions for her or her family. The frame separates out "fast brain" responses like "flight or fright" from "slow brain" responses that call forward perspective taking and reflection. Both frames acknowledge and support a woman's actual, lived experiences, including emotions like anger, while disentangling unhelpful choices to act out of an emotion like anger.


Hydroxyapatite (HA) is known to promote osteogenicity and enhance mechanical strength of biopolymers. However, incorporating a large amount of HA into aporous biopolymer still remains a challenge. In this study, a new method was investigated to incorporate high HA loading into interconnected microporous poly(glycolic-co-lactic acid) (PLGA). Specifically, a tertiary blend comprising PLGA/PS/HA (40/40/20 wt%), prepared by melt blending under conditions for formation of a co-continuous structure, was annealed under small-strain oscillation between parallel plates. The results from different characterizations suggested that the applied small-strain oscillation substantially accelerated the migration of HA nanoparticles during annealing from the PS phase to the PLGA phase; nearly all HA particles were uniformly presented in the PLGA phase after a short period of annealing. After dissolution of the PS phase, a PLGA material with interconnected microporous structure was successfully produced, with a high HA loading above 30 wt%.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


Background: The rate of HBV and HIV infections in developing countries is alarming and may contribute to infant mortality. Therefore, there is a need to examine the prevalence of both infections among pregnant women, with an aim to determine the seroprevalence of HBV and HIV and rate of co infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at State Hospital, Ijebu-Ode, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: From 489 women attending antenatal clinic, individual serum was obtained and screened for HBV and HIV antibodies respectively using chromatographic immunoassay. Bio data, occupation, living conditions and parity was obtained using structured questionnaire. Results: A total of 489 pregnant women within age 15 – 39-year-old were screened, HBV infection recorded 33 (6.7%) while HIV was 20 (4.1%). The duo was higher among 20 24 years age group: HBV 13(10.4%) and HIV 9 (7.2%), and co-infection was 2 (0.004%). The incident of infections was higher among the artisans: HBV 20 (8.0%) and HIV 9 (3.6%) than others categories in relation about occupation. Conclusion: Increased frequency of HBV and HIV infections among pregnant women is alarming public health issues and should be given proper attention. The prevalence of the duo infections may be culpable in infant mortality, and complication following child birth for the mothers. Therefore, pregnant women should be screened for both HBV and HIV infections during antenatal care. Enlightenment campaign on the routes, modes of transmission and control measures should be step-up at antenatal clinics across the board.


Finite mixture models are useful tools for clustering two-way datasets within a sound statistical framework which can assess some important questions, such as how many clusters are there in the data. Models that can also be used for clustering multilevel data have been proposed, with the intent to produce clusterings of units at every level on the basis of all the available variables, considering the hierarchical structure of the dataset. This paper introduces a new class of mixture models for datasets with two levels that makes it possible to discover a clustering of level 2 units and different clusterings of level 1 units corresponding to different subsets of the variables (multiple cluster structures). This new class is obtained by adapting a mixture model proposed to identify multiple cluster structures in a data matrix to the multilevel situation. The usefulness of the new method is shown using simulated data and a real example.


The FIC is one of our attempts towards the design of robust fractal image compression. The main disadvantage of FIC is the high computational cost. To overcome this drawback, the technique described here utilizes the optimization techniques, like GA, ACO and PSO which greatly decreases the search space for finding the self similarities in the given image. FIC is robust against outliers in the image.


I do not say this in a spirit of criticism, but as a warning to those who read the book to read it in the right way. It is not history. It does not embody a broad, Grotean range of ideas like Guthrie's HGP, nor does it intend to. B. knows as well as any of the rest of us that there will be no reason to attempt the like again until a generation or two has passed. Read his book episodically or use it for reference and it is seen to be a string of sparkling lessons in the application not so much of logical analysis as an analysis which is logical to the fragments of those philosophers whom we conveniently label Presocratic. The book belongs to a series called The Arguments of the Philosophers in which a mainly historical account of the Presocratics could scarcely find a proper place. It argues with vitality and intelligence about and with its subject matter, and I believe it will prove to be an excellent work-book for teachers and taught in seminars on early Greek philosophy. Or, bearing in mind its price, a book to which students could be judiciously referred.


We have uncovered a novel role for the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) gene and novel PML-like DEDDh exonucleases in the maintenance of genome stability through the restriction of LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposition in jawed vertebrates. Although the PML tumour suppressor protein in mammals is SUMOylated and forms nuclear bodies, we found that the spotted gar PML ortholog and related proteins in fish are not SUMOylated and function as cytoplasmic DEDDh exonucleases. In contrast, more closely related avian and turtle PML proteins are predicted to be SUMOylated and localized both to the cytoplasm and to nuclear bodies. We also identified PML-like exon 9 (Plex9) genes in teleost fishes that encode exonucleases sharing homology to gar PML. In an example of convergent evolution and akin to TREX1, gar PML and zebrafish Plex9 proteins suppressed L1 retrotransposition and could complement TREX1 knockout in mammalian cells. We also characterized the first non-mammalian TREX1 homologs in axolotl. Following export to the cytoplasm, the human PML-I isoform also restricted L1 through its conserved C-terminus and suppressed CGAS activation. Thus, PML first emerged as a cytoplasmic suppressor of retroelements, and this function is retained in amniotes despite its role in the assembly of nuclear bodies and the acquisition of SUMO-modification.


The location and planning of base stations, which are related to the quality of communication services and the construction cost of base stations, are highlights of widespread concern in the field of communication. Based on the analysis of existing base station locations of the 5G mobile communication network, the article adopts the immune genetic algorithm and DBSCAN algorithm to mathematically model and analyze the types and locations of new base stations. The base station locations are reasonably planned to achieve the optimization of cost and coverage conditions. Clustering analysis of different weak coverage areas is done to realize the partition management of different weak coverage areas, which makes it possible to better solve the weak coverage problem.


Following an introductory description of the neural, muscular, and hormonal role in intestinal motility, the author discusses the importance of healthy bowel habits and the role of dietary fiber in normal defecation. He then briefly tries to relate the response of the gut to emotions and the importance of sigmoidoscopy in the evaluation of the bowel. The chapters are short, and the explanations are brief—perhaps a bit too brief for the student or generalist interested in basic principles that will permit him to build his understanding of this important segment of gastroenterology from them. For the gastroenterologist the material is rather oversimplified. Discussion of practical clinical aspects of constipation, functional diarrhea, gas, and dyspepsia is replete with numerous pointers that will render diagnosis and management of their problems much easier. In his discussion of laxatives, the author, recognizing and acknowledging the inadequacy and inaccuracy of the classification, nevertheless uses it


Objective To study a myocardial cell laser scanning confocal microscope image signal noise filtering,enhancement and visualization method.Methods Based on the time-domain characteristics of calcium sparks images,DB wavelet was employed to remove noise existing in captured calcium sparks images and enhance the calcium sparks images signal.Finally,the clearer three-dimensional calcium sparks images were obtained.Results Noise of images was removed by using wavelet analysis and noise removal.The SNR of image was greatly raised.Conclusion The proposed method can clearly analyze the morphological parameters of calcium sparks,and visually demonstrate change rate of Ca2+ concentration occurred at different time points,which is very important to the analysis of calcium sparks pathogenesis and mechanism.


A preliminary report of metabolic investigations in 34 women taking 30 mcg ethinyl estradiol plus 150 mcg d-norgestrel (Ovranette) for 3 mon ths is reported. There was no change in glucose tolerance or in blood pyruvate levels. However there was a significant increase in insulin secretion (p less than .05 at 60 minutes and p less than .005 at 120 and 180 minutes). Cholesterol levels were significantly decreased (p less than .005) and triglyceride levels were increased (p less than .05). No change in body weight was seen. Additional studies of longer duration and in larger numbers of women are needed to confirm these indications that Ovranette affects serum lipids less than any other commonly used or al contraceptive (OC) containing estrogen and that Ovranette is the only estrogen-containing OC to be without effect on pyruvate levels. This finding may be of importance since pyruvate levels are probably a minifestation of endogenous glucocorticoid overactivity induced by the estrogen.


The notion of Kac-Moody Lie algebras has recently been introduced and studied as a natural generalization of a finite dimensional split semisimple Lie algebra with successful applications to Macdonald type identities(cf. Lepowsky [3]). Such a Lie algebra has a root system, which is a natural analogue of the usual root systems in the sense of Bourbaki [1]. In this paper, we will give a characterization of positive root systems of Kac-Moody Lie algebras as a subset of a lattice. (See Proposition 1 and Theorem 1 below.) Let A be a generalized Cartan matrix and L the Kac-Moody Lie algebra associated with A, and let A (resp. A+) be the root system (resp. the positive root system) of L (for the definition,see §1). In §2, we will consider the special positive root system P(A) associated with L. This system P(A) satisfiesthe conditions (XI), (X2), (Yl), (Y2) and (Y3), which are specifiedin §2. Conversely we will show that any set satisfying these conditions coincides with the system P(A) arising from some Kac-Moody Lie algebra. In particular, A+ is uniquely determined by (Yl), (Y2) and (Y3) when A is given. On the other hand, there are two kinds of roots in A, called real roots and imaginary roots respectively. In §3, we will present a characterization of imaginary roots. In §4, we will give a way to produce the roots of L inductively


Incidence of multiple impacted teeth is a rare entity. Impacted teeth not only impedes with the function may be associated with numerous pathological lesions. Multiple impacted teeth could be related to varied etiology such as syndromes, hormonal and metabolic disorders. It could also be due to infection, cyst or traumatic etiology without any syndromic association. Many literatures show a linear relationship between multiple impacted teeth and cystic changes. Radicular cysts are the most commonly affecting cystic lesions of the jaw and comprise about 52% to 68% of all the cysts which affects the human jaw. There are both therapeutic and prophylactic indications for surgical extraction of the impacted teeth. This article describes a case of management of multiple impacted teeth associated with radicular cyst in a non-syndromic patient.

Keywords: Multiple impacted teeth, Radicular cyst, Non syndromic patient.