This paper presents a new technique for measuring power system frequency, rate of change of frequency and the voltage amplitude and phase angle using the Simulated Annealing (SA) based optimization algorithm. The algorithm uses the digitized samples of the voltage signal at the relay location and minimizes a cost function of the sum of the absolute error between the actual estimated signal samples. The proposed algorithm does not need any filter or model for the system frequency before and during the estimation process. The effects of the number of samples, sampling frequency and harmonics contamination on the estimated parameters are tested and discussed in the paper.


In line detection method first let the candidates of line segment whose positional precision or reliability are guaranteed to some extent be extracted in a local area, then let the line be extracted by a verification process in the existing area of candidate line which is defined by an extension process for the line segment in the pattern space, and finally let all lines be extracted by a shifting operation of the local area in the image appropriately. By these processes, our method realizes the absorption of the quantization errors in Hough transform, as well as the extraction of short line segments. Furthermore, parallel processing is available for the hardware implementation. In this paper, we show theoretically and experimentally that calculation costs for line detection is extremely reduced without any degradation of detectability and reliability in comparison with a conventional Hough transform.


Xanthogenate was synthesized through reaction of β-cyclodextrin(βCyD) with carbon disulfide in alkaline solution.It was then reacted with methyl 2-bromobutyrate to produce β-cyclodextrin xanthate as the chain transfer reagent in reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization(RAFT).Three graft copolymers β-CyD-PDMA with different chain length were prepared.The structures of β-cyclodextrin xanthate and copolymers were characterized with NMR analysis.The reaction of viscosities,surface tension relation with chain length were studied.The molecule asymmetry was studied by using circular dichroism.The self-assembly behavior of β-CyD-PDMA was studied using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering.The results indicate that three 6-hydroxyl groups of β-cyclodextrin are functionalized,and the copolymer is an asymmetrical crown-like molecule;all the copolymers have narrow molecular weight distribution that is characteristic of controlled polymerization;all copolymers can form micelle,but copolymer with long PDMA chain exist two assemble manners: forming micelle with a diameter of 280 nm at low concentration,while forming a new aggregation with a diameter of 6 nm at high concentration.


The effects of crude extracts, fractions and isolated compounds from Vitex polygama Cham. and Siphoneugena densiflora Berg were evaluated on the development of Spodoptera frugiperda JE Smith, a destructive insect pest of corn and several other crops. The extracts and fractions were incorporated into an artificial diet at 1 mg g(-1) and offered to the insect during its larval stage. Length and viability of larval and pupal stages as well as pupal weight were assessed. Isolated compounds were tested through superficial contamination of the diet at 0.1 mg g(-1). Weight and viability of ten-day-old larvae were determined. Methanolic and hydroalcoholic S. densiflora extracts caused 100% larval mortality, while leaf and fruit hydroalcoholic extracts from V. polygama were the most active. Among the isolated compounds, flavonoids presented the best insecticidal results, and tannins the best larval growth inhibition.


Many in recent years have found a lack of stability in self-control throughout childhood. We test whether this finding also applies to a non-US sample using six waves of data from a longitudinal survey of South Korean youth ages 13 to 18. We then expand on prior studies by testing whether trajectories of self-control are affected by parental socialization and victimization. Using hybrid growth-curve models, we find a "J-curve" pattern of self-control trajectory, whereby self-control declines in the early years, but then increases in subsequent years. Moreover, parental socialization influences variability of absolute self-control, while victimization affects relative ranking of self-control. We suggest that studies pay attention to the dynamic variability of self-control trajectories over the life course.


This paper presents a study of digitized speech transmission through existing VHF FM repeaters. The basic configuration of digitized speech transmission through FM repeaters is considered and test apparatus for performance measurements of the single repeater radio system in the analog and digital mode of operation is described. The results of performance measurements reported here include 1) receiver sensitivity in the analog and digital mode of operation versus RF signal level at the repeater input, and 2) bit error rate (BER) curves as functions of RF signal levels at the repeater and receiver inputs.


In this paper we mainlyintroduce the study of steady vortex solutions for two-dimensionalincompressible Euler equation describing the motion of ideal fluid,in particular those results concerning the structure and asymptoticbehavior of vortex solutions for steady fluid. In addition, wepresent similar results for two related problems.


In this note we provide a new proof for the results of Lipton et al. on the existence of an approximate Nash equilibrium with logarithmic support size. Besides its simplicity, the new proof leads to the following contributions:
1. For n-player games, we improve the bound on the size of the support of an approximate Nash equilibrium.
2. We generalize the result of Daskalakis and Papadimitriou on small probability games from the two-player case to the general n-player case.
3. We provide a logarithmic bound on the size of the support of an approximate Nash equilibrium in the case of graphical games.


Poor levels of English first additional language (EFAL) reading comprehension amongst school learners at most public schools in South Africa are a great concern. In fact, for learning to be successful and effective, learners need to be able to read well in EFAL. This is more so as EFAL serves as a language of learning and teaching (LOLT) for most learning areas in South Africa's public schools. Against this background, this study set out in 2012 to investigate the English reading comprehension of Grade 10 EFAL learners at a senior secondary school. Using purposive and voluntary sampling techniques, the study had 17 EFAL learners(M = 10, F–7) as its participants. It employed three reading measures, a recall task, a summary and a comprehension test, which were based on three English extracts, to assess participants' reading comprehension. It then assessed and scored participants' responses to the three tasks by using an oral reading rubric and two prepared marking memoranda. One of the findings of this study was that, of the three reading tasks administered, participants did slightly above average in the comprehension test, but performed below average in the two other tasks – the recall and summary tasks.


By applying Nelson's EGARCH model,this paper demonstrated that the leverage effect appears to ex-ist in Chinese stock markets.The daily returns /turnover of nine different stock indexes in a trading period of over three years(1999-2002)have been examined.Out of these nine indexes,seven of them show a signifi-cantly negative relation in terms of return and volatility.Therefore,despite the fact that a daily price limit is imposed in Chinese stock markets,the phenomenon of an asymmetric impact between past innovations and cur-rent volatility seems to be true.The empirical result from the investigation of turnover points out that investors follow herding effect.


This paper measured agricultural efficiency of Central Plains Economic Zone in 2001-2011 using the method of data envelopment analysis(DEA).Then it classified the agricultural efficiency into categories,pure technological efficiency and scale efficiency for exploring the spatial and temporal characteristics of the agricultural efficiency and its evolution factors.The results suggest the following.(1)The overall efficiency of the whole is in the low-level,and there are large regional differences.(2)Overall study period fluctuated significantly;the coefficients of variation of the overall efficiency and pure technical efficiency have more significant changes,exhibiting the consistent trend.(3)Pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of combined action in the overall efficiency.Pure technical efficiency of the overall efficiency is slightly stronger than the scale efficiency.(4)Scale efficiency is higher,and more balanced distribution.(5)Most of the efficiency of agricultural production is in the stage of decreasing returns to scale in Central Plains Economic Zone.


Cosine similarity is a widely implemented metric in information retrieval and related studies. This metric models a text as a vector of terms and the similarity between two texts is derived from cosine value between two texts' term vectors. Cosine similarity however still can't handle the semantic meaning of the text perfectly. This paper proposes an enhancement of cosine similarity measurement by incorporating semantic checking between dimensions of two term vectors. This strategy aims to increase the similarity value between two term vectors which contain semantic relation between their dimensions with different syntax. Experimental result shows our proposal yields a promising result.


The increase in species and specimens of fossils in the uppermost part of the Maastrichtian White Chalk is interpreted as a result of reduced depth. The absence of bryozoans, brachiopods, and regular echinoids in the Cerithium Limestone indicates sedimentation in tidal pools. After sedimentation of the Cerithium Limestone, burrowing activity followed. A burrow of Brissopneustes danicus similar to burrows of the recent Echinocardium cordatum is described. Callianassa and its burrows are found in the Upper Danian calcarenite but not in the Lower Danian or Maastrichtian of Denmark. The dominant type of burrows along the Maastrichtian-Danian boundary has presumably been formed by the crustacean Ctenocheles.

The early post-Maastrichtian burrowing activity was succeeded by (1) induration of the bottom sediment and a slight abrasion (2) dissolution of aragonite shells and siliceous sponges, (3) offshore sedimentation and filling of the burrows with Lower Danian chalk mud, bryozoan fragments and other fossil remains, and (4) settling in the deeper part of the soft chalk sediment and precipitation of flint in or around burrows near the surface of the sediment.


With the rapid development of science and technology,multimedia teaching,as a new teaching model,is being used extensively at colleges and universities.Using the multimedia teaching means is the development direction of modern education technology,which provides a new teaching environment.In spite of its advantages,it has several weak points in teaching.Based on an analysis of the multimedia teaching characteristics,this paper discusses how to use multimedia more effectively in classroom teaching.


Review(s) of: Victorian schools: a study in colonial government architecture, 1837-1900, by Lawrence Burchell, Melbourne University Press in association with the Victorian Education Department, Melbourne, 1980, ISBN 0522841600


In this thesis, the changes in the operation of museum buildings over time and its effects on the developments in the museum architectural design were examined. Firstly, types of musium buildings are classified and described chronologically after that selected examples from Turkey and the world were analyzed in terms of the horizontal and vertical flexibility of interior space, added new locations and museum morphology in chronological order. As a result, it was concluded that the developments in museum management changed the museum design. Storing and exhibiting in the first museum samples were found to be static museology. In addition to this, in today's museums, it is seen that temporary exhibitions, courses and meeting places are added to the museum spaces. It is concluded that with these changes, old museum types have become the meeting point of cultural centers, social centers, the art galleries and the urban population at the present time.


The aim of this paper is to specify an empirical model based on theoretical economic growth observed for Colombia, between 1960 and 2009. The authors review the literature on economic growth and human capital, represented by health and education, so that, with the sources of information available in Colombia, they do a selection of data that allows the collection of variables that Finally, they specify an empirical model that estimates the theoretical relationship between human capital and economic growth.


In this paper, we describe our experience with time transfer sharing heterogeneous telecom infrastructure with standard data channels. The time transfer over fibre is becoming a progressive technology that can provide better results compared with traditional methods based on dedicated satellites channels. We also present recent results achieved with bidirectional optical amplification that preserves symmetry of optical path.


The invention discloses a preparation method of a savory hot grilled lamb neck. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing raw material water by means of adding water in the following raw materials in parts by weight, 4-6 parts of lemongrasses, 2-4 parts of rhizoma kaempferiae, 1-2 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 1-2 parts of radix angelicae, 0.5-1 part of fructus foeniculi, 4-6 parts of anise, 0.5-1 part of Chinese red peppers, 0.5-1 part of aniseed, 1-2 parts of cassia barks, 0.5-1 part of black cardamom, 1-2 parts of cinnamon and 5-8 parts of bay leaves, until the total number of parts by weight is 1000; stewing the raw material water and adding 10-100 parts of salt, 10-100 parts of monosodium glutamate, 10-100 parts of dry red chilli powder and 5-50 parts of white sugar to obtain seasoning juice; cutting for shaping the surface of the lamb neck; putting the lamb neck in the seasoning juice and pickling in refrigeration; shaving off the neck meat and slicing the neck meat; grilling the sliced neck meat on a grill grate until the meat becomes golden yellow; and skewering the neck bone with a skewer and grilling the neck bone. The savory hot grilled lamb neck has the advantages of preparing simplicity, eating convenience, rich nutrients, medicated diet effects and efficacies of invigorating spleen-stomach and replenishing qi, and the efficacies are better for spleen-stomach weakers; the grilled lamb neck meat is crisp, tasty but not greasy, scorched outside but tender inside, and delicious in taste.


Fidelity of caregiver and non-specialist early autism intervention implementation in South Africa By: Xiaoxu Ding Duke Global Health Institute Duke University Date: _______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Melissa Watt ___________________________ Joe Egger ___________________________ Brandon Knettel An abstract of a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Duke Global Health Institute in the Graduate School of Duke University


Electroplated diamond wire saw is a kind of incising tool made in process of electroprecipitating the diamond grits on the steel wire matrix.The application and progress as well as the manufacturing methods of electroplated diamond wire saw,and all kinds of electroplated diamond wire saw were introduced.The further research trends of electroplated diamond wire saw were also forecasted.It will provide guidance for research and production of electroplated diamond wire saw.


Physics occupy a unique position among the science subjects taught in secondary schools; therefore it is very important to lay very good and solid foundation in the secondary schools. The aim of this study therefore was to examine the relationship between effective classroom management and students' academic achievement I physics subjects. The study was carried out in ten randomly selected secondary schools in Shomolu local Government Area of Lagos State. The design adopted for the study was a descriptive survey approach. Simple descriptive analysis was used. The major instrument used in this study were student questionnaire, teacher questionnaire and physics achievement test, data were gathered with the research instrument and were analyzed, the research question were investigated and four hypothesis were duly tested using ANOVA and t-test statistics. Based on the findings of this research, it was concluded that effective classroom management skills or techniques have strong and positive influence on student achievement in physics.


A "signal-off" surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform has been constructed for ultrasensitive detection of miRNA-21 by integrating exonuclease-assisted target recycling amplification with plasmon coupling enhancement effect. On this platform, Raman-labeled Au nanostar (AuNS) probes can be covalently linked with the thiolated aptamer (Apt) on the Au-decorated silicon nanowire arrays (SiNWAs/Au) substrate, creating a coupled electromagnetic field between the substrate and the probes to enhance Raman signal. In the presence of miRNA-21, T7 exonuclease specifically hydrolyzed Apt on Apt/miRNA duplex to release miRNA-21. The regenerated element could then initiate another cycle of Apt/miRNA duplex formation and Apt cleavage. Correspondingly, the capture ability of substrate towards probes and the plasmon coupling effect between them were both diminished, giving a prominent attenuation of Raman intensity that can work as detection signal. Due to the cascading integration between the target cycle process and the plasmon coupling effect, the present platform displayed a very low detection limit (0.34 fM, 3σ) for miRNA-21 detection. Furthermore, it was proved to be effective for analyzing miRNA-21 in biological samples and distinguishing the expression levels of miRNA-21 in MCF-7 cells and NIH3T3 cells, which became a promising tool to monitor miRNA-21 in cancer auxiliary diagnosis and drug screening.


In this paper, I explore the roots of America's multicultural heritage through examination of Dutch influence in America's beginnings. New Amsterdam (colonial New York) had one of the most diverse populations of it's time due to the West India Company's (WIC) involvement in the Pacific slave trade. The consequent diaspora across the Pacific created a contact zone in which the Dutch tradition of tolerance and equal recognition became the foundations on which America became a melting pot. By illustrating an underrepresented aspect of history, I hope for this paper to bring more understanding into the account of multiculturalism and America's roots.


The egg, all larval instars and pupa of Protaetia fusca (Herbst), the mottled flower scarab, are described and notes on its biology are presented. The third instar larva is distinguished from those of Eupoecila australasiae (Donovan) and Diaphonia dorsalis Donovan, the only other Australian cetoniines for which larval descriptions are available.


Abstract The problem of an infinitely long rigid punch of uniform cross-section moving across a viscoelastic half-space at constant velocity, large enough so that inertial effects cannot be neglected, is examined and solved in various approximations. Frictional shear is assumed to exist between the punch and the half-space. The method, which is an extension of that developed in previous papers [6, 7], is applicable for any form of viscoelastic behaviour in the half-space. For the special case of discrete spectrum behaviour the method is described in detail. For the case where the punch is cylindrical and viscoelastic effects are small compared with elastic effects, explicit expressions are given for all quantities of interest, in particular the coefficient of hysteretic friction. A general Hilbert transform formula is derived in the appendix.


The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Department of Defense (DOD) are currently locked in a struggle over the ability of the EPA to fine federal agencies for underground storage tank (UST) violations. The issue is over punitive penalties by the EPA. No one disputes that the Solid Waste Disposal Act (SWDA) Subchapter IX federal facilities section provides for EPA or the states to otherwise regulate federal facilities' USTs. Every federal agency that EPA has assessed a fine against has acquiesced to EPA's initiative, except DOD. On April 16, 1999, DOD requested a legal opinion from the Department of Justice's Office of Legal Counsel (DOJ OLC) over this legal dispute. DOD argues that under a "sovereign immunity" or a "clear statement" analysis, the impotent federal facilities clause in SWDA Subchapter IX Section 6991f prevents EPA from imposing administrative penalties on federal agencies. Although the current political climate probably favors DOJ leaning towards a pro-EPA decision, doing so would constitute too far of a stretch of the "clear statement" standard. Also, DOJ would have to overcome the difficult precedential hurdle created by a May 1999 EPA administrative law judge's (ALJ) decision in favor of DOD's position on the UST issue. Hence, this article predicts that DOJ will rule that EPA does not have authority for UST punitive penalties against federal agencies.


Based on the statistics of Chinese listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchange from 2001 to 2004, selecting 900 companies as the study sample which totally contains 3600 observation samples after screening, this paper carries on a deeply analysis on the relationship between ownership structure and corporate performance from the endogenous points of view. The results indicate that the relationship between state-owned shares and corporate performance is significantly Ushaped, however, other variables of ownership structure in the framework of endophytism do not pass the significance test. The formation and constraints of ownership structure are unique in our listed companies. Moreover, there is significant difference in corporate governance compared with both mature capital market and emerging ones. Thus it comes to a conclusion that there is no so-called optimal ownership structure and then ownership structure itself maybe endogenous.


A Traveling-Wave ADC based on spatially interleaved sampling on a synthetic transmission line is proposed. Signal propagation on the transmission line generates the interleaving delay. This architecture enables extremely small sampling periods which allow for high sampling frequencies. Furthermore, the loaded T-line provides a broadband input impedance to enable extended input frequencies. The design tradeoffs are presented and the main challenges and opportunities in spatial interleaving are discussed. The relationship between transmission line parameters and the ADC specifications is investigated through a design example.


Descriptive pathology is essential for writing histopathological reports. It is often performed the pressure of time and accuracy. Precision is important because the patient is still alive and the pathologists must act quickly on the diagnosis. Most of the reports are reviewed and produced by a single pathologist. Therefore, it is possible to make errors or mistakes. Therefore, it is usually possible to make mistakes in writing a biopsy report A clear unambiguous writing style is important to meet the report's requirements. This review article provides a comprehensive review of different parameters to be considered in writing oral lesion histopathology report


In this discussion of her book The Shock Doctrine (2007, Metropolitan Books), Naomi Klein outlines a number of its key themes and brings the argument to bear on the California wildfires and developments in Latin America. Key issues discussed include the relation between disaster capitalism and creative destruction, natural disasters, neoliberalism, the antiglobalisation movement, the '9/11 truth' campaign, and the relation of this book to her earlier No Logo (2000, Knopf Canada). Questions come from Neil Smith and from the audience at the Graduate Center, CUNY.


throughout the book (firmly ensconced in a halo that often feels more than a little self-serving). But the authors have done their homework in seeking out other effective exemplars of companies that have built effective design cultures. In the most dramatic case study, they recount the story of how Samsung chairman Lee Kun Hee transformed his company from a second-tier electronics maker into a global design leader. That transformation was thanks to a remarkably brusque internal campaign that at one point involved force-marching factory workers into a yard piled high with Samsung products, where they watched their products smashed to bits with sledgehammers—driving many of the workers to tears. So began Chairman Lee's " Year of Design Revolution. " Those extreme tactics seem to have paid off. Samsung has learned to embrace design at every level of the company, and in so doing cat-apulted itself into the top tier of global consumer electronics makers. Other examples are less dramatic but no less compelling, ranging from the obvious—Nike, IKEA, Virgin Atlantic—to the slightly unexpected , like Cirque du Soleil and Whole Foods. Commendably, the book also delivers a few cau-tionary tales of companies that failed to realize the difference between a well-designed product and a true design culture: the one-off success of Motorola's Razr phone; Starbucks's succumbing to the seductions of efficiency over experience when it junked its old manual espresso makers for the automatic kind; and the story of Polaroid (enough said). In each case, the authors show how successful design companies move beyond product development to create cultures that drive design thinking across multiple product lines and, even deeper, bring an integrated design approach as many customer touchpoints as possible: customer service, online experiences, and in-person contacts. In the best tradition of pop business books, the authors coin a pithy catchphrase to encapsulate their point: the " customer experience supply chain. " Ever since the Harvard Business Review declared that " the MFA is the new MBA " in 2004, the business press has published a raft of articles testifying to the rise of so-called design thinking among corporate managers. So it should come as no surprise that designers are finally starting to break out of their professional literary ghetto to write books targeted at businesspeople. Building on the tradition of such airport-bookstore staples as Built to Last, In Search of Excellence, and Good to Great, a new crop …


I N the present era we are presented with many new legislations, which are put before JL us as necessary from a humane and moral aspect. This was one of the ways in which the recent Health Act was advocated. The Act was also a necessity as the result of modern medical technique, and without it new methods of diagnosis and treatment cannot be properly applied to society. Not only new techniques but fresh attitudes towards patients and society require improved forms of administration. These new techniques and outlooks are the result of advances in the treatment of diseases. Nowadays, when treating patients we consider them-or should consider them-as functional units of society ; and curing a patient should mean his complete functional restoration. For, as Sir George Newman said, &dquo; function is the supreme criterion of nature.&dquo; This is well illustrated when considering infections of the hand. The concern of the doctor now is not the cellulitis or lymphangitis, but the prevention of any stiffness of the affected part and any interference in the patient's future working capacity. So, after a thousand years of treating disease, now medical science thinks in terms of functional ability and health and its promotion. This change in attitude is due to a whole series of revolutionary changes in diagnosis and treatment-x-rays, antibiotics and the sulphonamide group of drugs, to mention the most recent. Apart from these advances, there are the old styles of treatment in a &dquo; new look &dquo; dress, approaches we have had in the past hashed up again, sometimes under new nomenclatures. For example, heat for infection, in the fonn of short-wave therapy. Even the emphasizing of the functional aspect of the patient with its follow-up clinics, rehabilitation of the patient, and his or her social relation, is being called &dquo; social medicine.&dquo; More impressive is &dquo; psychosomatic medicine,&dquo; which, put into very plain English, means that the body works as a whole, and every part of the body is affected by changes in its internal environment. Consequently, disturbances in the chest and stomach produce alterations in our emotional temperament and in the mind.


Untapped energy savings potential in the residential sector are a barrier to achieving ambitious national energy-efficiency targets. In fact, they may lead to substantial welfare losses. Among the several potential causes for consumers to not invest in energy-efficient appliances and equipment, which— over their lifetimes—are often also the cost-minimizing choices, are consumers' limited energy-specific knowledge and investment skills. Consumers' decisions to invest in energy-using durables represent a type of intertemporal decision, for which it has been observed in other domains that consumers are myopic or inattentive to costs arising in the future. Previous research in different countries has shown that large shares of the population are unaware of the savings they could realize by replacing their electric appliances by more energy-efficient ones. Yet, investments in energy-using durables require not only awareness of future operation costs but also a combination of specific knowledge and skills: information about the energy consumption and the lifetime of appliances as well as of possible new, more efficient, appliances that could replace the old ones. Furthermore, consumers need to know the cost of electricity and make assumptions on how frequently they plan to use their appliances. Eventually, they need the skills to process all this knowledge in order to identify the possible savings from replacing their appliances by more energy-efficient ones. Research shows that these processing costs are relatively high for a substantial share of individuals. In combination with the lack of energy-specific knowledge and skills, this might represent an important barrier to households' energy conservation.


Delirium is a temporary condition involving a disturbance in attention, cognition and awareness. Typically, it develops over a relatively short time frame and fluctuates in severity. Delirium is preventable in one‐third of cases, and early detection improves outcomes 1. Yet, this common and potentially devastating hospital complication is associated with non‐detection rates as high as 70% 1, 2. Why is this?


Original design of a broadband digital phase shifter based on switching between transmission lines with positive and negative dispersion is presented. A simple approach to design phase shifters with the operational bandwidth, which can be extended to one octave regarding both the phase shift and the input matching, is considered. Artificial transmission line with the negative dispersion was implemented as quasi-lumped-element coplanar structure using a multilayer technology. The simulated and measured performance of the 180° phase shifter is presented.


Proposes a new algorithm of serial modular multiplication based on signed-digit (SD) number system using Booth recoding method. By introducing a p-digit radix-two SD number system, a modular addition is easily implemented by using one or two SD adders, so that no carry propagation will arise during the additions. A modular multiplication can be performed by repeating the modular addition with modular partial products. In order to implement a high speed modular multiplication, a Booth recoding method is used to reduce the partial products to be added for the modular multiplication. We also give a pipeline architecture with two modular SD adders to realize a faster modular multiplication. The design result by using VHDL shows that a fast modular multiplier can be implemented based on the presented method.


MEMS & NEMS is used to define microelectromechanical and nanoelectromechanical, in a first stage, and now we replace the current the mechanical term with mechatronics and / or adaptronics. MEMS & NEMS is the technology of small and miniature equipments. Nanotechnologies have always been located in the top research and preferences of researchers, therefore we can consider the MEMS & NEMS to be very important, an field that can constant sustain innovation and technology transfer, products and smart technologies, creating jobs and helping to economic growth and a sustainable economy. The purpose of this paper is to highlight elements of technological transfer to improve intelligent manufacturing process.


Buds collected from elite fast-growing eucalyptus trees were multiplied by tissue culture. In this study, the seed (control) and the tissue culture raised plants of Eucalyptustereticornis and E. torelliana were planted in the field at two population densities. Observations of the height and diameter were taken for biomass calculation. Thirty-four months after planting, there was an overall increase in biomass of the tissue culture raised plants of both species compared with the controls. In E. tereticornis and E. torelliana, the increase in biomass was 36.9 and 49.5%, respectively, over the controls with a 2 × 2 m spacing.


We theoretically investigate a switchable spin Hall effect of light(SHEL) in reflection for three specific dispersion relations at an air-anisotropic metamaterial interface.The displacements of horizontal and vertical polarization components vary with the incident angle at different dispersion relations.The transverse displacements can be obtained with the relevant metamaterial whose refractive index can be arbitrarily tailed.The results of the SHEL in the metarnaterial provide a new way for manipulating the transverse displacements of a specific polarization component.


Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death and ill-health in the United Kingdom (UK), accounting for a large proportion of NHS expenditure (Department of Health (DoH) 1993). Reducing mortality from CHD has been identified as a key area in the government's Health of the Nation strategy (DoH 1992). This paper will present an overview of acommunity-based cardiac liaison nurse service and its role in the management of individuals with established CHD. The service is based within a community NHS trust in North London, serving a population of 470000 people, 34 per cent of whom belong to ethnic minority groups and 13 per cent of whom are aged over 65 years.


An 83 years old patient with permanent Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and bleedingdisorders was referred for Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) closure. The LAAclosure device was successfully implanted using the left femoral vein approachas the right femoral vein was occluded. The trans septal puncture andimplantation of the LAA closure device were guided by fluoroscopic andtransesophageal echocardiographic images. There were no complications.Trans septal puncture guided by a combination of fluoroscopic andtransesophageal echocardiographic imaging can be safely carried out using theleft femoral vein approach as an alternative option when the right femoral vein isnot accessible.


This paper presents a video completion algorithm using block matching for video stabilization. In order to fill in missing pixels, the proposed algorithm consists of three steps: i) mosaicking for covering the missing static, planar regions, ii) estimation of local motion vectors using the hierarchical Lucas-Kanade optical flow method, and iii) selection of the most similar patch in both spatial and temporal neighbors. The proposed video completion algorithm can be applied in the wide areas of consumer electronics including camcorders, smart phone cameras, tablet cameras, and smart glasses.


In this letter, the virulent Pacific Northwest clone of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was shown to have spread and caused considerable illness in persons on the Atlantic coasts of the United States and Spain.


Amplitude and phase ripples of an ultrafast chirped pulse complex envelope are considered. The formula that establishes the relation between the pulse complex envelope and its spectrum amplitude was theoretically derived for both cases of the ripple. Based on current results, a linearly chirped pulse can be retrieved using only a spectrum analyzer and Kerr nonlinear medium.


1. Modernist writers and the ethos of professionalism 2. Fiction from a newspaperised world: Henry James's The Reverberator 3. The newspaperman kicked out: The Sacred Fount and literary authority 4. The plots of murder: un/original stories in Theodore Dreiser's An American Tragedy 5. Reading John Dos Passos: reading mass culture in the USA 6. Miss Lonelyhearts: Nathanael West's comic-strip novel 7. Making the usual kind of sense: Hollywood, West and the critics in The Day of the Locust Notes Reference List Index.


This study aimed to explore the relationship between the use of Wiki technology and the quality of group work and collaboration among students enrolled in a traditional research method and statistics course. Results revealed that Wiki technology might be useful in enhancing University students' collaborative learning and group work. Further randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm the finding.


Bryum knowltonii Barnes, known previously in North America only from northern Canadian stations, has been found in arctic-like tundra of the Mount Zirkel Wilderness in Colorado. Bryum knowltonii Barnes was collected August 1981 in the Mount Zirkel Wilderness, north-central Colorado. The habitat is flat to gently undulating tundra, usually wet, arcticlike rather than the typically drier alpine tundra in Colorado. This species is known in North America from Funk Island, Newfoundland, from Southampton Island, Northwest Territories, and from Fort Churchill, Manitoba. Andrews (in Grout 1936) reported it from a few localities in arctic America, south to Newfoundland. Determination was made by Elva Lawton and confirmed by A. C. Crundwell, with the assistance of F. J. Hermann. Diagnostic features include indistinctly bordered ovate leaves, revolute to the apex or nearly so, acute to shortly acuminate, with costa subpercurrent to slightly excurrent, synoicous reproduction, capsules broadly pyriform, pendent, with a short, distinct neck, and spores 16-27 um. Endostome segments are narrow and the cilia rudimentary. A helpful characteristic, pointed out by Dr. Crundwell, is that the capsules mature at different times instead of simultaneously as in most Brya. Crum and Anderson (1981) give a complete description. Grout's Moss Flora and Bryologia Europaea use the synonym B. lacustre. United States collection: COLORADO. JACKSON CO.: Rainbow Lakes Trail approaching the Continental Divide, just W of the Roxy Ann Lake turnoff, 1 km N of Mt. Ethel, 3400 m, 40?40'00"N, 106'40'35"W, Rolston 81106 (coLo; GL; NY; US; WTU). Bruch, P., W. P. Schimper & T. Giimbel. 1836-1855. Bryologia Europaea. 3 Vols. Reprint (1971). A. Asher, Amsterdam. Crum, Howard A. & Lewis E. Anderson. 1981. Mosses of Eastern North America. 2 Vols. Columbia University Press, New York. Grout, A. J. 1936. Moss Flora of North America North of Mexico. Bryaceae. Newfane, Vermont. 2: 219-220. 007-2745/82/420$0.25/0 This content downloaded from 184.108.40.206 on Fri, 02 Sep 2016 06:13:29 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


Abstract: The geologic method of stratigraphy which studies the structure of the earth by making layers was employed with 3D laser cutting techniques to make more easily defined tactile regions in templates of cells, tissues and anatomic regions containing muscles and bones. Templates were made audio responsive by hand-drilling a small hole in a template and filling that hole with conductive electric paint. A finger touch to the template top side now carries a charge similar to an electric circuit to the template bottom side resting on the surface of an iPad or iPad Pro where an audio button produces audio describing what structure was touched on the upper surface. Templates made using laser cutting start with 3 mm width acrylic sheets and use svg (scalable vector graphics) files made from line drawings of cells or tissues or anatomic sections. Some variation in height between acrylic pieces lying next to each other can utilize 3D laser cut veneer (thin 1mm width wood) placed underneath one laser cut acrylic piece to more easily produce a tactile difference between two acrylic pieces lying close to each other such as with a muscle and a bone. Examples of 3D laser cut audio-responsive templates include structures associated with a chicken egg and the organelles of a typical cell made from line drawings from the TAEVIS collection originally designed for making raised line graphics from swell paper. Also included are examples made from transverse sections of a human cadaver contained in the National Library of Medicine "Visible Human" project.


A new technique to create an opto-electronic oscillator is presented. The optically generated microwave signal is used to manage a system, whose function is to multiply the frequency of the input wave to obtain a suitable reference signal at high frequency for applications ranging from telecommunications to LIDAR systems.


Along with the popularization of the network application,the network and information security become increasingly outstanding.This text is detailed to inquiry into the present condition of the network and information safety,existent key problem,put forward the protection strategy of the network and information safety.


Bisphenol-A bis (dimethylphenyl phosphate) was synthesized from phosphorus oxychloride bisphenol-A phenol and methylphenol. The effects of process parameters, such as molar ratio, reaction temperature and catalyst on the yield were respectively studied. The suitable synthesis conditions were defined as follows: the molar ratio of phosphorus oxychloride, bisphenol-A, phenol and methylphenol: 3:1:2:4.05. In the first step, the reaction temperature was 50 ℃, and the reaction time was 8 hours. In the second step, the reaction temperature was 140 ℃, and the reaction time was 5 hours. AlCl3 was the best catalyst, and its dosage was 1.5% of the amount of all bisphenol-A. The yield reached 87.4%. The structure of the product was defined by FT-IR. The quality of the product can reach the indexes of the oversea product. The flame retardance was tested in different plastic product. It is shown showed that bisphenol-A bis (dimethylphenyl phosphate) was a good flame retardant.


Fusar-Poli et al present a comprehensive preventive framework for improving mental health in young people. Prevention in psychiatry is not a high funding priority, which is also reflected in the relatively low number of publications in the field. The responsibility for primary prevention and mental health promotion is placed in the social and educational sectors and, most often, the evidence base for initiatives is lacking. In spite of research showing that risk of mental illness is associated with adversities during pregnancy and birth, low socioeconomic status, poor parenting skills, lack of stimulation and support during childhood, bullying, trauma, and early exposure to alcohol and drugs, initiatives to reduce these risk factors have attracted little scientific attention. Much can be done to improve the evidence base for early and broad preventive efforts. Prevention of psychiatric disorders requires a coherent and multifaceted strategy, including at least five levels. The first is universal primary prevention to improve well-being (e.g., initiatives at the population level focusing on a healthy childhood, such as efforts to improve mental health literacy and parenting in early childhood). The second is universal primary prevention to prevent development of mental illness (e.g., interventions such as prevention of preterm birth and perinatal depression as well as initiatives to prevent bullying and traumatic childhood experiences and to reduce risk of adolescents engaging in substance abuse). The third is selective primary prevention to reduce risk of mental illness in risk groups (e.g., children born to parents with mental illness). The fourth is indicated primary prevention for young people showing signs or symptoms foreshadowing emerging disorder (e.g., clinical high-risk groups for psychosis or children with common mental health problems). The fifth is secondary prevention in early stages of psychiatric disorders (e.g., early intervention services in psychosis or early treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorders in child and adolescent services). Here we focus briefly on selective interventions for families with parental mental illness and on indicated primary prevention initiatives, on the basis of the experience in Denmark. Children born to parents with mental illnesses constitute an important risk group with a large prevention potential. Danish register-based figures indicate that every sixth child has a parent who has been diagnosed and treated in the secondary mental health sector. The true number at risk is likely to be even higher, since this does not include treatment in primary health care, nor those who, due to lack of accessible treatment offers, fail to be helped by health services. So, this is a very large number of children, who have been shown repeatedly to have a markedly increased risk of being diagnosed with a mental disorder before age 18, are more likely to live with a single parent, are at higher risk of having poor school performance, and have more neurocognitive, social and motor problems than controls. Due to the parental mental illness, they are also more likely to experience insufficient support and stimulation in the home environment and to be exposed to traumatic life events – all factors that hamper their healthy developmental course. Parental mental illness is often silenced in the family, passing on stigmatization across generations. Programmes directed towards the whole family should be developed and tested in order to change this trajectory that has been known for decades. Parental training and support as part of the recovery approach, collaboration of adult and child psychiatry with the primary sector, systematic family-based psychoeducation, and social, financial and practical support may be some elements potentially improving the functioning of the entire family and building resilience in the children at risk. Concerning indicated prevention, implementation of transdiagnostic interventions are suggested to meet the needs of youths with common and multiple mental health problems. A Danish effectiveness study documented the superiority of a new scalable transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), called "Mind My Mind" (MMM), compared to management as usual (MAU), for youths aged 6-16 years with emotional and/or behavegies. Implementing interventions to ameliorate cognitive impairments early in life may be a means for psychiatric prevention with substantial societal benefits beyond prevention of psychiatric outcomes (e.g., increasing the cognitive reserve in midlife may be a strategy to reduce dementia). So, there are multiple challenges to implementing preventive strategies in psychiatry. There is, however, a clear need, and the time is ripe to make the leap towards primary and secondary prevention pathways in the critical period of early life and via cognition.


Shoot multiplication of Chrysanthemum was achieved from shoot tip explant, using MS (Murashige & Skoog) media supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. Different parameters including shoot initiation percentage, average number of shoots per explant, length of shoots (cm), number of leaves per shoot and number of nodes per shoot were studied. Lowest concentration (0.5 mg/L) of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) excelled all the other concentrations in almost all the parameter studied when used alone. Maximum shoot initiation (80.00%), shoot per explants (3.2), length of shoots (3.4 cm), number of leaves (9.5) and nodes (4.5) were recorded in MS media showed supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA. Intermediate concentration (1.0 mg/L) of benzyle adenine purine (BAP) its superiority over all the other BAP concentrations used, when used alone. MS medium fortified with 1.0 mg/L BAP had produced maximum shoot initiation (93.3%), shoot per explant (4.1), length of shoots (5.0 cm) number of leaves (11.0) and nodes (5.5). Similarly, when the combination of different concentrations of NAA and BAP were used, significant results regarding intermediate concentration of regeneration of chrysanthemum plantlets were achieved. MS media supplemented with lower concentrations of NAA (0.5 and 1.0 mg/L) and BAP (1.0 and 1.5 mg/L) showed better results as compared to other concentrations and combinations. Satisfactory rooting response including days to root emergence (5.0), root initiation percentage (100%), roots per plantlet (14.3) and root length (9.0 cm) was obtained in half strength MS media supplemented with 0.2 mg/L Indole butyric acid (IBA).


The emergence of solution-processed semiconductor quantum dot (QD)-light emitting diodes (LEDs) has recently offered a great prospect for developing low-cost, efficient, bright, and large-area colorful displays compatible with flexible substrates. The band-edge electroluminescence (EL) of colloidal QDs of cadmium compounds, exhibits size-tunable spectral emission (450-760nm) and narrow bandwidth (FWHM~15-30nm), allowing for the design and fabrication of color-saturated red, green and blue (RGB) QD-LEDs with simple device configurations and high spectral purities that outperform those of liquid crystal displays and organic light-emitting diodes. Additionally, high fluorescence quantum yield and photochemical stability can be achieved by engineering the nanocrystal surfaces with wide-bandgap shells, which favors the efficiency and stability of QD-LEDs. We report in this conference of our recently developed red, orange, yellow, green, blue and white quantum dot light-emitting diodes with high brightness, high efficiency, saturated color on both indium tin oxides (ITO) coated glass and on flexible PET substrate.


Unlike professional or domain-specific images, home photos vary significantly. They pose great challenge for content-based image retrieval. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian formulation to unify both local and global content-based similarities for image matching and demonstrate its superior retrieval performance on 2400 genuine home photos. Our proposed framework uses support vector machines to extract and combine intraimage and interclass semantics. Support vector detectors are first trained on semantically meaningful regions and used to form detection image indexes. The indexes then serve as input for support vector learning of image classifiers to generate class-relative indexes. During image retrieval, similarities based on both detection-based and class-relative indexes are combined to rank images. Query-by-example experiments on 2400 home photos with 16 semantic queries show that the combined matching approach is better than matching with single index. It also outperformed the fusion of color and texture features by 55% in average precision.


We read with great interest the comments Dr. Kato and colleagues made on our paper 'Ductular Reaction in Liver Diseases: Pathological Mechanisms and Translational Significances'. (Hepatology. 69(1):420-430.). As described in our review, there are no gold-standard methods or antibodies available to distinguish cholangiocytes, HPCs, and their origins. Some studies have shown that HPC express less cytokeratin (CK) 19 compared to CK7 as Fujiwara and colleagues mention. Tan et al. have reported that HPCs express enriched CK7 but less CK19 (1). However, Li et al. have isolated HPCs from patients' liver tissues and have performed RT-PCR showing that HPCs have 18.2-fold higher CK19 mRNA expression compared to hepatocytes (2). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


that it presents us with a painstaking analysis of the modern philosophies as they bear on the one most important question of religion. The author's criticism is always fair and objective. He does not reject these philosophies because they differ from his Scholasticism, but simply because they cannot assimilate and explain the given elements of the religious phenomenon. If we were to single out any part of the book for special commendation, our choice would fall on the two sections in which the author treats of Kant's "Critique of Pure Reason" and of his moralism. There may be room for difference of opinion regarding the author's method. He accepts the problem and its difficulties as they are posed by the modern philosophies and seeks for the solution in their terms. Absolutely speaking, it would have been sufficient to confront them with the triumphant answer of Scholasticism and to dispose of the opposition summarily by answering its objections to our position. It would also have made easier reading for one accustomed to scholastic terminology and method. But it seems to the reviewer that the work which Father Orfegat undertook was well worth doing and that he has done it well. LEO T>. SULLIVAN, S.J.


ABSTRACT The following article defines and identifies the three categories of intellectual material in academia: the canon that is the focus of classroom instruction; material collected by libraries and museums; and, "positive knowledge." The task is to examine the relationship among the three categories of information and associated issues.


Objective To investigate the relationship between changes of blood flow of acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion or stenosis and degree of neural function defect and prognosis before and after intravenous thrombolytic therapy with alteplase. Methods Fifty-three patients diagnosed as acute MCA stenosis or occlusion and given alteplase intravenous thrombolysis therapy were enrolled. Thrombolysis in brain ischemia (TIBI) flow grades of MCA before and 24 h after the thrombolysis were assessed. The correlation between TIBI flow grades and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores 90 d after the thrombolysis was evaluated. Results There were significant differences in the NIHSS scores before intravenous thrombolytic therapy among different TIBI flow grades (H = 36.514, P = 0.000). The TIBI flow grade was negatively correlated with the NIHSS scores before thrombolysis (rs = -0.737, P = 0.000), indicating that lower TIBI grade of MCA presented the nerve function defect worse. Compared with before thrombolytic therapy, there were 25 cases (47.17% ) achieved to grade 4-5 of TIBI flow grade of MCA 24 h after thrombolytic therapy, suggesting the recanalization of MCA (Z = 5.262, P = 0.000). In comparision with pre-thrombolytic therapy, neural function of 38 cases (71.70% ) recovered well 24 h after treatment, and the difference of NIHSS scores was statistically significant while that of 15 cases (28.30%) did not obtain favorable recovery of neural function(Z = -6.353, P = 0.000). There were significant differences in mRS scores 90 d after the thrombolysis among different TIBI flow grades 24 h after the thrombolysis (χ2 = 31.973, P = 0.000), and they were negatively correlated with each other (rs = -0.683, P = 0.001). According to mRS scores, 36 cases (67.92%) obtained favorable outcome but 17 cases (32.08%) was unfavorable 90 d after the therapy. Conclusion TIBI flow grade is correlated with neurological deficit and its recovery in acute MCA occlusion or stenosis, which may reflect the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy and help to predict the prognosis.


Most existing concepts for hardware implementation of reversible computing invoke an adiabatic computing paradigm, in which individual degrees of freedom (e.g., node voltages) are synchronously transformed under the influence of externally- supplied driving signals. But distributing these "power/clock" signals to all gates within a design while efficiently recovering their energy is difficult. Can we reduce clocking overhead using a ballistic approach, wherein data signals self- propagating between devices drive most state transitions? Traditional concepts of ballistic computing, such as the classic Billiard-Ball Model, typically rely on a precise synchronization of interacting signals, which can fail due to exponential amplification of timing differences when signals interact. In this paper, we develop a general model of Asynchronous Ballistic Reversible Computing (ABRC) that aims to address these problems by eliminating the requirement for precise synchronization between signals. Asynchronous reversible devices in this model are isomorphic to a restricted set of Mealy finite- state machines. We explore ABRC devices having up to 3 bidirectional I/O terminals and up to 2 internal states, identifying a simple pair of such devices that comprises a computationally universal set of primitives. We also briefly discuss how ABRC might be implemented using single flux quanta in superconducting circuits.


A file is very much like a typed document that you might find on someone's desk or in a filing cabinet; it's an item that contains a collection of related information. On a computer, examples of files include text documents, spreadsheets, digital pictures, and even songs. Every picture you take with a digital camera, for example, is a separate file, and a music CD might contain a dozen individual song files.


1. Considering an imaginable important role of histamine in inflammations or allergic reactions, some clinical and experimental studies were made for the purpose of findings the relationship of the pathological changes of A. P. to local histamine. 2. Gingivae in the case of A. P. showed a remarkable quantitative increase of histamine, compared with those in the case of normal healthy controls. It could be noticed that this increase had an increasing tendency in proportion to the degree of inflammatory pathologic changes in the gingiva. 3. In the gingivae of A. P. an increase of mast cells and their morphologic changes, particularly disintegration, were seen and the grade of changes was almost parallel to an increase of histamine. 4. When a histamine solution was repeatedly injected into the mucobuccal folds of animals, a remarkable increase of histamine and mast cells in the injected gingivae were recognized with inflammatory changes. An increase of gingival histamine could be hardly recognized by means of a simple mechanical stimulation or local anaphylaxis alone. However, in the combination of two, the increase of histamine was seen and relatively
remarkable inflammatory changes suggestive of A. P. were macroscopically and microscopically noticed. 5. Topical applications of the ointment mixed with sinomenine, histamine-liberating substance, and benadryl, antihistamine substance, repeated every other day in the gingival pockets, showed favorable effects in slight or early cases of A. P. 6. These observations suggest the existence of both possible role of histamine in the development of local pathologic condition of A. P. and allergic processes in etiologic factors of the disease.


Abstract The internationalization of firms through exports is often crucial to their survival and growth in this era of globalization. This is particularly the case for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in small and saturated markets, as is the case in Portugal. However, firms face several barriers to exporting, and this study aims to verify whether financial constraints influence a firm's export propensity. The empirical analysis is based on a sample of 12,732 Portuguese manufacturing SMEs during the period 2008–2012, and tests two different proxies of financial constraints: the liquidity and leverage ratios. The results indicate that the SMEs in less healthy financial positions are less likely to export than the others are, although the impact of financial constraints on these Portuguese firms appears to be relatively small.


Starting from a general material system of
NN
particles coupled to a cavity, we use a coherent-state path integral
formulation to produce a effective theory for the material degrees of
freedom. We tackle the effects of image charges, the
A^2A2
term and a multimode arbitrary-geometry cavity. The resulting
(non-local) action has the photonic degrees of freedom replaced by an
effective position-dependent interaction between the particles. In the
large-NN
limit, we discuss how the theory can be cast into an effective
Hamiltonian where the cavity induced interactions are made explicit.
The theory is applicable, beyond cavity QED, to any system where bulk
material is linearly coupled to a diagonalizable bosonic bath. We
highlight the differences of the theory with other well-known methods
and numerically study its finite-size scaling on the Dicke model.
Finally, we showcase its descriptive power with three examples: photon
condensation, the 2D free electron gas in a cavity and the modification
of magnetic interactions between molecular spins; recovering, condensing
and extending some recent results in the literature.


Data from steady-state tests in the ThermalHydraulic Out-of-Reactor Safety (THORS) facility, a large loop for testing simulated liquid metal fast breeder reactor fuel bundles at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, were examined to determine whether the results from tests at similar conditions in the same bundle are reproducible. Comparisons of different tests at similar powers and coolant flows were made for several THORS bundles. The results show that the data were in fact reproducible and can be used with confidence by analysts to quantify computer codes and models.


In the present study we used alginic acid and degradation products of alginic acid as carbon source for the production of biodegradable plastic, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), by Alcaligenes eutrophus H16, and the possibility of PHB production from seaweed will be discussed


The invention relates to a composite solvent for extracting and separating aromatics in low-aromatic naphtha. The composite solvent has the characteristics of high selectivity for aromatics, low non-aromatic solubility and favorable heat stability, and is convenient to recover. The technical scheme is as follows: the composite solvent is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 55-95% of main solvent propylene carbonate and 5-45% of cosolvent (composed of one or mixture of 2-4 solvents from N-methylpyrrolidone, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfoxide, glycerol, diethylene glycol, triglycol and polyethyleneglycol 400). The preparation method comprises the following steps: putting 55-95% of main solvent into a container, adding 5-45% of cosolvent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite solvent. The composite solvent has higher solubility and selectivity for aromatics, is suitable for treating raw materials with wide boiling point range and lower aromatic content, avoids the increase of energy consumption and the occurrence of hydrolysis reaction due to water contained in the solvent, and is used for extracting and separating aromatics in low-aromatic oil.


ABSTRACT Aim: Glandular metastasis (GM) as defined by pancreas, breast, parotid, thyroid and contralateral adrenal metastasis are rare in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. We have performed a multicenter comparison of metastatic clear cell RCC (mRCC) with GM and non-GM to determine if GM impacts on overall survival (OS). Methods: Data were collected from mRCC pts with GM or non-GM at metastatic presentation. GM: pts with at least one GM with or without other sites. Non-GM: pts without GM at metastatic presentation. Pts were treated in 5 French, 1 Belgian and 3 UK centers between January 2004 and October 2013. Association between OS and site of metastasis was assessed using the log-rank test for univariate analysis and the chi-square test for multivariable Cox regression. Results: 188 GM and 453 non-GM mRCC pts were analyzed. The majority were male (70.2%), median age was 59y, with no difference between the GM and non-GM groups. Interval from diagnosis to metastasis was 25.7 months (mo) (0.03-272.8)for GM and 4.8 mo (0.03-334) for non-GM (p 60y), delay between renal tumor and metastatic diagnosis, MSKCC risk group and GM or non-GM group were significant parameters in univariate OS analysis (p Conclusions: This large retrospective study shows that the presence of at least one GM at metastatic presentation of clear cell mRCC was associated with a significantly longer OS compared to non-GM pts. The presence of GM vs non-GM disease was an independent prognostic factor for OS. Further translational studies will be performed on matched primary tumor and metastasis samples to assess molecular differences between GM and non-GM. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.


The pre–main-sequence spectroscopic binary AK Sco is surrounded by a circumbinary disk. Yet while this disk must be somewhat disturbed by the binary at its center, there is no evidence from current data that it has a cleared central hole like those seen in some young binaries, nor that accretion from the outer disk has been cut off. Indeed, most of its spectral and photometric diagnostics are indistinguishable from those of young single stars. Why doesn't this system show any evidence of disturbance of its disk? It may be that the center of the disk is indeed largely cleared, but that a small amount of dust in this region supplies the observed near-infrared excess.


The article discusses the assessment and insurance of the marine vessels by developed valuation models. The basis of this model is the differentiation in performance and the factors affecting the value of the ship. The evaluation process is considered on the example of a pusher according to three approaches: cost, market and income. Result indicator assessment market value. In conclusion, the findings and developed recommendations for improving the estimation model.


We review the notion of simple compact quantum groups and examples, and discuss the problem of construction and classification of simple compact quantum groups. Several new quantum groups constructed by Banica, Curran and Speicher since the author's first paper on simple quantum groups are shown to be simple using results of Raum and Weber.


The automatic reconfiguration of electric shipboard power systems is an important step toward improved fight-through and self-healing capabilities of all-electric naval warships. The authors have presented a distributed algorithm for autonomous reconfiguration within an energy management framework using an agent based approach. In the previous work, a blackboard architecture was used as globally shared memory structure for detection of algorithm termination. This paper presents alternative schemes for the detection of global properties, and specifically, detection of algorithm termination.


The Warrior's Dishonor. The Origins of the Western Way of War. The Western Way of Warfare and the Modern Age. The Death of the Warrior Tradition and the American Way of War. The West Encounters the Non-Western World. The Warrior Tradition, Humanitarianism, and the Non-Western Way of Warfare. Post-human War.


Peer mentorship programmes exist where senior students offer support to first year students to help them transition from high school into a university environment. The implementation of such programmes requires extensive resources and a proper management structure. In general, both the mentor and mentee benefits, as the mentee is helped to settle into the university while the mentor develops important social skills. However, different authors have different perspectives on measuring the success of such programmes. Some measure the success based on the academic performance, decrease in dropout rates and better social integration of the mentees. What may be considered as a successful programme at one university may not be considered so at another university. Furthermore, what tangible benefits accrue to the mentors? The purpose of this paper is to present a scholarly personal perspective of the benefits and challenges of a peer mentorship programme that was introduced at a university of technology in South Africa in 2014. The author was employed as a teaching and learning assistance in the faculty of engineering and information technology for a period of one year, thereby validating her perspectives based on personal involvement with the mentors. A scholarly personal perspective is used that may be linked to a constructivist research methodology that recognizes the validity and usefulness of a researcher's personal experiences in a specific discipline. Critical subsections on the success of this programme relates to the selection criteria for mentors, the structure and management of weekly sessions between mentors and mentees and developmental sessions for the mentors. It is recommended that universities should continue offering support to first year student through peer mentorship programmes, as it assists mentees to settle into university life, while allowing further personal development.


The incidence of armoured scale insects infesting persimmons (Diospyros kaki) grown in five districts (Whangarei (Northland), Pukekohe (South Auckland), Morrinsville (Waikato), Maketu (Bay of Plenty) and Gisborne (Poverty Bay)) was investigated over three growing seasons (1995/96, 1996/97 and 1997/98). Three species of armoured scale insects were found on persimmon fruit: greedy scale (Hemiberlesia rapax), latania scale (H. lataniae) and oleander scale (Aspidiotus nerii). The species composition differed between districts, with latania scale the most common species recorded overall. Fruit were infested by the first and second generations of all three species. Latania scale infested a higher proportion of leaves than fruit.


Detection of gravitational radiation is an important research goal in physics and astrophysics. At the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, an investigation is being carried out of possible designs for a laser gravitational wave experiment using free masses and baseline lengths of 1,000,000 km or longer.


Modulation of the Ca2þ sensitivity and cooperativity of secretion is an important means of regulating neurotransmission and hormone secretion. Employing high-time resolution measurement of membrane capacitance (Cm) stimulated by step-like or ramp [Ca]i elevation, we have identified the co-existence of both a high and low Ca 2þ-sensitive exocytosis in an immortal pituitary gonadotrope cell line, LbT2. Ramp [Ca]i generated by slow uncaging elicited a biphasic Cm response. The first phase of response, which represents a highly Ca2þ-sensitive pool (HCSP) of vesicles, began to secrete at low [Ca]i concentration (<1 mM) with low Ca2þ cooperativity. In contrast, the second phase, which represents a lowly Ca2þ-sensitive pool (LCSP) of vesicles, only exocytozed at higher [Ca]i (>5 mM) and displayed a steep Ca 2þ cooperativity. The co-existence of vesicle populations with different Ca2þ sensitivities was further confirmed by flash photolysis stimuli. The size of the HCSP was 30 fF under resting conditions, but was dramatically increased ( threefold) by application of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, an activator of protein kinase C). Forskolin (an activator of protein kinase A), however, exerted no significant effect on the size of both HCSP and LCSP. GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone) augmented the size of both pools to a larger extent (5and 1.7-fold increase for HCSP and LCSP, respectively). The heterogeneity of Ca2þ sensitivity from different pools of vesicles and its differential modulation by intracellular signals suggests that LbT2 cells are an ideal model to further unravel the mechanism underlying the modulation of Ca2þ-sensing machineries for exocytosis. J. Cell. Physiol. 207: 668–674, 2006. 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.


We present a new spectral-timing technique for phase-resolved spectroscopy and apply it to the low-frequency Type B quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) from the black hole X-ray binary GX 339-4. We show that on the QPO time-scale the spectrum changes not only in normalization, but also in spectral shape. Using several different spectral models which parametrize the blackbody and power-law components seen in the time-averaged spectrum, we find that both components are required to vary, although the fractional rms amplitude of blackbody emission is small, ∼1.4 per cent compared to ∼25 per cent for the power-law emission. However, the blackbody variation leads the power-law variation by ∼0.3 in relative phase (∼110°), giving a significant break in the Fourier lag-energy spectrum that our phase-resolved spectral models are able to reproduce. Our results support a geometric interpretation for the QPO variations where the blackbody variation and its phase relation to the power-law are explained by quasi-periodic heating of the approaching and receding sides of the disc by a precessing Comptonizing region. The small amplitude of blackbody variations suggests that the Comptonizing region producing the QPO has a relatively large scaleheight, and may be linked to the base of the jet, as has previously been suggested to explain the binary orbit inclination-dependence of Type B QPO amplitudes.


Low carbon Economy brings forth new requirements for the development of Textile-apparel industry.This is the result of both internal demand of this industry and the essentials of technological innovation of textile-apparel supply chain.By establishing a conceptual model for textile-apparel,integrating static elements(quality,innovation and brand) and dynamic elements(information flow,logistics,capital flow and service flow),the optimization of the existing textile-apparel supply chain could be achieved and the requirements of the Low Carbon Economy can be met.Thus the technological innovation in each node enterprise of the supply chain depends on the spreading of innovation from the micro level to the whole supply chain in the macro level.


This study aims to determine the benefits of using smartphone applications in the health sector in increasing the knowledge of patients or survivors about cancer health, prevention, early detection and screening of cancer, especially treatment with radiation modalities. The method used is PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) on several electronic databases through screening titles about cancer education or health promotion with radiation therapy. The results showed that many smartphone applications in the field of cancer services were used in patients receiving radiation therapy. This application is very useful for cancer patients during treatment and for post-therapy survivors. The m-Health application is also able to increase patient knowledge about cancer and can encourage changes in healthy living behavior. In conclusion, health promotion and intervention through smartphone applications can have a positive impact on improving health quality, both physically and psychologically, socially, increasing health literacy and being economically more cost-effective.
Keywords: Applications, Education, Cancer, Radiotherapy, Smartphone


The stability and repetition of the associated-particle method to measure DT neutron fluence was tested.The neutron activation iron method was contrasted with the associated-particle method,the preparatory experiment was done.The neutron fluence measured with associated-particle method was contrasted with neutron activation Al method,the Al activated foil was measured with 4πβ(PC)-γ coincidence standard device.The contrast result's standard deviation of the two method was less than the expand uncertainty of the associated-particle method.Therein,the uncertainty of the associated-particle method is 1.6%,the uncertainty of the activation Al method is 1.8%.


Non Una Meno is an Italian trans-feminist, intersectional, anti-racist, anti-fascist, anti-capitalist political movement, independent of any party, which aims at the radical transformation of society starting from the fight against male and gender violence and against social hierarchies.  It emerged in Italy in 2016 in the wake of the Argentine movement, Ni Una Menos, that campaigns against gender-based violence in all its forms. As an anti-systemic movement, it seeks to dictate a new political agenda to counter attacks from the increasingly numerous neo-conservative governments and neoliberal economic policies that exploit and marginalize people within and between countries. It claims the right of women to decide about their bodies, opposing all those reactionary logics that try to impose gender roles. It argues against sexual violence and femicides, and is opposed to all those forces of government ready to exploit violence against women to justify racist and security policies. It fights against economic violence, the blackmail of precarious work or a residence permit, which have women and migrants as an easy target. It intends to subvert power relations that generate harassment, violence, racism and economic and social inequalities. It has a plan and it will not stop until it is realised. This is its English translation.


Africans had been producing fabrics locally before the advent of Western fabrics. Àdìrẹ fabrics are purely African textile concepts; dyed with local/indigenous materials and readymade synthetic materials in Abẹ́òkúta, Òṣogbo, Ìbàdàn, Kánò, Ṣókótó, and other parts of Nigeria, and Africa at large. The study focuses on how leaves, bark of plants, and trees are utilised in producing colours of dyes. For example, shade of red can be obtained from leaves of guinea corn (sorghum village), leave of teak wood (tectona grands), leaves of henna law (Sonia intermis), bark and roots of African rose wood (ptrocerpus erinaceus), and wood of the came wood "osùn" (baphia nitida). The sap of old physic nut tree (fatopha curca) produces a black dye. Likewise, many other colours are produced when the need arises. When yellow is desired, afromosia taxifora or a root wood (Morinda lucida) or group grand are used. The mango tree bark, when dried and boiled with water gives a brown dye. Two other fruits Kigelia African and vitex grandifolia are also used for dye. There is an argument on which of the colour registered fast, is it the natural dye or the imported synthetic dye? The answer probably lies in the method of preparing and implementing the dye and the skill/creativity of the dyer. The study examines the utilisation of local and synthetic indigo dyes and quality of dyed cotton fabric in Ìtòkú market, Abẹ́òkúta , Ògùn State. Some participants were interviewed, and questionnaires were administered to respondents for data collection. The result of hypothesis tested justify that there is no significant difference between utilisation of local and imported dye in the quality of textile in relation to colours. Results and findings were discussed, comparism between the local and synthetic dyes was concluded and recommendations were made.


D‐type cyclins, in association with the cyclin‐dependent kinases Cdk4 or Cdk6, regulate events in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and may contribute to the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma gene product (Rb). However, in cells in which the function of Rb has been compromised, either by naturally arising mutations or through binding to proteins encoded by DNA tumour viruses, Cdk4 and Cdk6 are not associated with D cyclins. Instead, both kinases form binary complexes with a stable 16 kDa protein (p16) encoded by the putative tumour suppressor gene INK4/MTS1 on human chromosome 9p21. Here we show an inverse correlation between Rb status and the expression of p16. Since Rb‐negative cells express high levels of p16, we suggest that in these cells p16 competes with D cyclins for binding to Cdk4 and Cdk6 and prevents formation of active complexes. In line with these predictions, DNA tumour virus oncoproteins do not disrupt cyclin D1‐Cdk4 complexes in cells lacking p16.


The approaches of dependable computing systems development out of undependable components based on multi-version technologies are analyzed. Taxonomies of dependable systems, stages of dependable systems paradigms evolution are discussed. Same general tasks and principles of providing dependability are analyzed. Lifecycle model and principles of development and assessment of dependable computing systems by means of multi-version technologies are considered.


We describe a gonorrhoea case with ceftriaxone plus high-level azithromycin resistance. In April 2022, an Austrian heterosexual male was diagnosed with gonorrhoea after sexual intercourse with a female sex worker in Cambodia. Recommended treatment with ceftriaxone (1 g) plus azithromycin (1.5 g) possibly failed. Worryingly, this is the second strain in an Asian Neisseria gonorrhoeae genomic sublineage including high-level azithromycin-resistant strains that developed ceftriaxone resistance by acquisition of mosaic penA-60.001. Enhanced resistance surveillance and actions are imperative to prevent spread.


ABSTRACT General objectives in this study were to investigate differences in movement of sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) through a soil profile, to assess the effect and relationship of salt movement or concentration in soil on plant and root growth, and to evaluate the role of ion uptake based on the relation with osmotic adjustment. It was proposed that additional salt unexpectedly was not dispersed through the soil profile during the experiment. Hence, in salinized plants, the concentration of Na decreased corresponding to an increase in salt levels, while shoot dry weight increased in all species. We noted the positive correlation between Na concentration of root and Na concentration of surrounding soil of root. Zonal salinization of soil did not affect plant calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) content. This suggested that adequate accumulation of potassium (K) in shoots and Na in roots might be corresponded to osmotic adjustments in salinized plants. Large interspecific differences in root responses to a salt layer were observed.


Nagata et al., in their study, demonstrated that an essential oil preparation from hiba (Thujopsis dolabrata) exerts antitumor effects against gastric cancer cells. The experiment used nude mice model to establish gastric cancer and apoptotic change of these cancer cells and analyzed the TUNEL reaction. This investigation could find the volatile components of HEO, with its anti-tumor effects on gastric cancer. The study has also revealed that hinokitiol is not the only bioactive molecule, but there are other components which may equally serve as antitumor factor [1].


The ethanol extract of Cassia garrettiana heartwood showed marked inhibitory activity against several cancer cell lines including HT-29, HeLa, MCF-7 and KB cells. Therefore, its extract and compounds were investigated for their anticancer effect using the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The ethanol extract of C. garrettiana heartwood was separated to give five compounds which are chrysophanol (1), piceatannol (2), aloe-emodin (3), emodin (4) and cassigarol E (5). Of the tested samples, chrysophanol (1) showed the highest anti-cancer activity against KB cells (IC50 = 0.045 g/mL), aloe emodin (3) was the most active against HT-29 (IC50 = 0.29 g/mL), emodin (4) was against HeLa cells (IC50 = 0.82 g/mL), and cassigarol E (5) was active against MCF-7 (IC50 = 0.021 g/mL), whereas piceatannol (2) was inactive in all tested cell lines. This is the first report of anti-cancer effect against HT-29, HeLa, MCF-7 and KB cells of C. garrettiana heartwood.


Objective To explore the value of procalcitonin in the febrile patients with malignant hemotologic disease.Methods All adult patients who were admitted into blood medical ward of general hospital in Ningxia medical university between January 1st,2010 and July 30th,2011.According to etiology,radiographic,symptom and signs,all patients were divided into the infection group and the fever group.The difference of procalcitonin's level between the infection and the fever group was analyzed.Results In the infected patients with malignant hemotologic disease,procalcitonin levels had the statistically significant difference between the infection and those with fever of unknown origin(Hc = 6.740,P = 0.009).Procalcitonin levels had no statistically significanct changes with the degree of fever(χ2 = 0.884,P = 0.665).In the infection group,there wasn 't significant difference in procalcitonin level among different gender,aged groups or different groups divided by the leukocyte count.Conclusion In these patients with malignant hemotologic disease,procalcitonin was useful for diagnosing infection.The procalcitonin's level were independent of the gender,age,the degree of fever,grade of neutrophic cell count.


In Chemical Graph Theory, a forgotten topological index or F-index has significant importance to collect information about properties of chemical compounds. In this study, we introduce the modified minus F-index, minus connectivity F-index, reciprocal minus connectivity F-index, general minus F-index and their polynomials of a molecular graph. Furthermore, we present exact expressions for these minus F-indices and their polynomials of titania nanotubes.


Muscle co‐contraction between the agonist and antagonist muscles often causes low energy efficiency or movement disturbances. Surface electromyography biofeedback (sEMG‐BF) has been used to train muscle activation or relaxation but it is unknown whether sEMG‐BF reduces muscle co‐contraction. We hypothesized that auditory sEMG‐BF improves muscle co‐contraction. Our purpose was to investigate whether auditory sEMG‐BF is effective in improving muscle co‐contraction. Thirteen participants pedaled on a road bike using four different auditory sEMG‐BF conditions. We measured the surface electromyography at the lower limb muscles. The vastus lateralis (VL) and the semitendinosus (ST) activities were individually transformed into different beep sounds. Four feedback conditions were no‐feedback, VL feedback, ST feedback, and both VL and ST feedback. We compared the co‐contraction index (COI) of the knee extensor‐flexor muscles and the hip flexor‐extensor muscles among the conditions. There were no significant differences in COIs among the conditions (p = 0.83 for the COI of the knee extensor‐flexor; p = 0.32 for the COI of the hip flexor‐extensor). To improve the muscle co‐contraction by sEMG‐BF, it may be necessary to convert muscle activation into a muscle co‐contraction. We concluded that individual sEMG‐BF does not immediately improve muscle co‐contraction during pedaling.


The objective of present work was to study the effects of some drugs misused by Sudanese women as body weight gain treatments on complete blood count concentration (CBC) of female rabbits. Sixteen sexually mature female rabbits were procured from local markets of Elnuhod locality, West Kordofan state. A randomized complete block design with three replicates was used; treatments consisted of two drugs i.e. dexamethasone, cyperoheptadine and their combination administered orally with doses of 0.9 mg/kg of body weight with drugs two times a day for 45 days. Experimental animals were divided into four groups each group with four rabbits. First group as a control, while three groups were injected orally with the above mentioned treatments, blood parameters were measured every two weeks for 45 days, the variance was analyzed, then means were compared by least significant difference (LSD) test. The results showed that the levels of hemoglobin were ranged between 11.15g/dl and 12.53 g/dl. Cyperoheptadine and the combination decreased white blood cells with time, lowest value were reported by the combination (3.28). RBC count increased with time, cyperoheptadine recorded 7.23. Packed cell volume was increased with time up to the end of the experiment period. Mean cell volume increased to reach the highest value at 45 days (78.80mm3) by both cyperoheptadine and the combination followed by dexamethasone (78.43mm3), which were statistically the same. By the end of the trial, no significant differences were found between the drugs in their effect on the mean cell hemoglobin. Neutrophils decreased with time reached the lowest values of 38.90, 39.53 and 43.05 % for the combination, dexamethasone and cyperoheptadine, respectively. Dexamethasone showed the lowest lymphocyte (33.40 %) as compared with other treatments, as concluded remarks various trends found concerning the relationships between blood parameters influenced by treatments and their normal ranges.


Background: Pediatric urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major health-care issue. UTI may be a harbinger of variety of underlying urinary tract abnormalities. The long-term complications of recurrent UTI are kidney scarring, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. Aim: The present study aims to determine the prevalence of urinary tract abnormalities in children with first episode of UTI. Materials and Methods: This study was a hospital-based prospective observational study carried out in the department of pediatrics over a period of 15 months from January 2015 to March 2016. A total of 100 children with culture-positive first UTI who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Ultrasonography (USG) abdomen, micturating cystourethrography (MCU), and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) kidney scan were done. Results: Among 100 children with culture-proven UTI, USG was abnormal in 16% with the majority (31.7%) having hydroureteronephrosis. MCU was abnormal in 14% and DMSA in 13%. About 9% had kidney scarring. Overall prevalence of urinary tract abnormalities was 14%. About 42.8% of urinary tract abnormalities were detected in children between 1 and 5 years and 35.7% below 1 year. Vesicoureteral reflux was the most common abnormality (8.0%). Conclusion: UTI in young children serves as marker for abnormalities of the urinary tract. Early diagnosis is of considerable significance to preserve kidney function and prevent complications.


The local heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of developing turbulent flows in a rectangular duct with an abrupt-contraction entrance and repeated square-rib pairs on the two opposite walls have been investigated experimentally. Both entrance-region and periodic-fully-developed-region results were obtained. Laser holographic interferometry was employed in the local and average heat transfer measurements. The Reynolds number was varied from 5.0x10[sup 3] to 5.0x10[sup 4]; the rib pitch-to-height ratios were 10, 15, and 20; and the rib height-to-duct height ratio was kept at a value of 0.13. The results allowed the entry length to be determined and the regions susceptible to hot spots to be located. Semi-empirical heat transfer and friction correlations for the periodic fully developed region were developed. Moreover, performance comparisons between the ribbed and smooth ducts were made under two types of constraint, namely equal mass flow rate and equal pumping power. Finally, the effect of thermal entry length on the length mean Nusselt number was also investigated. The results showed that the length mean Nusselt number ratio was a function of only the duct length and independent of PR and Re, and could be further correlated by an equation of the form [bar N]u[sub m]/[bar N]u[sub p]=1more » + 1.844/(X/De).« less


An active matrix substrate includes a plurality of bus lines (1, 2) provided in a pixel region, a plurality of signal terminals (5) provided in a connection terminal region (K), connection lines (3), additional signal terminals (11), test lines (8), and switching elements (4). The switching elements (4) are divided into a plurality of groups, and can control connections between the bus lines and the test lines (8) on a group basis, and connection elements (12) that each include a diode or a switching element and connect the signal terminals (5) to each other are provided in the connection terminal region (K).


Within the theory of regular perturbation the restriction on a source function is slightly relaxed so that the theory may include cases in which the interaction part of Hamiltonian not only has no dense domain common with the free part, but also it is never defined in a Hilbert space. A smallness condition of the interaction part expressed in terms of symmetric quadratic forms ensures the total Hamiltonian to be uniquely determined as a self-adjoint operator. All the results concerning the strong asymptotic limits of operators which have been established previously for more restrictive source functions are retained in these cases.


Livestock grazing is the post-mining use for reclaimed land at Navajo Mine, a large surface coal mine on the Navajo Nation in northwest New Mexico. The Navajo Mine Grazing Management Program (GMP) uses holistic management on approximately 2,083 ha of reclaimed land to plan for final liability release and return of the land to the Navajo Nation, and to minimize the potential for post-release liability. The GMP began in 1991 to establish that livestock grazing on the reclaimed land is sustainable. Assuming that sustainability requires alternatives to conventional land management practices, the GMP created a Management Team consisting of company staff, local, Navajo Nation, and Federal government officials, and technical advisors. community members contributed to the formation of a holistic goal for the GMP that articulates their values and their desire for sustainable grazing. Major decisions (e.g., ficial insemination, water supply, supplemental feed) are tested against the goal. Biological changes in the land and the grazing animals are monitored daily to provide early feedback to managers, and annually to document the results of grazing. To date, the land has shown resilience to grazing and the animals have generally prospered. Community participation in the GMP and public statements of support by local officials indicate that the GMF"Sstrategy is likely to succeed. Additional


Postoperative ileus (POI) is a temporary disturbance in gastrointestinal motility following surgery, and there is no ideal pharmacological agent available to shorten POI. We aimed to investigate whether Shenhuang Powder (SHP) can ameliorate the intestinal inflammation and improve gastrointestinal transit in the rats. POI was induced in adult male rat by standardized small intestinal manipulation (IM). SHP was administered transdermally 24 h prior to the surgery. POI in rat was characterized by decreased gastrointestinal transit, reduced body weight and marked upregulation of mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12, IL10, iNOS and ICAM-1. SHP treatment could ameliorate the intestinal inflammatory response and delayed intestinal transit induced by IM, as well as promote the recovery of normal body weight in POI animals. Our study provides evidence that SHP has a potential clinical utility to shorten POI.


The experimental observations of the 3p/sup 6/ 3d/sup 9/ /sup 2/D - 3p/sup 5/ 3d/sup 10/ /sup 2/p transitions of the Co-like ions and 3p/sup 6/ 3d/sup 8/ /sup 3/F/sub 4/ - 3p/sup 5/ 3d/sup 9/ /sup 3/F/sub 3/ of the Fe-like ions have recently been extended to highly charged ions of heavy elements up to uranium (Z = 92). A comparison between the observed energies and calculated values from the Dirac-Fock model indicated persistent discrepancies of 3 to 4 eV for all ions. Systematic multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations for these transitions have been carried out with emphases on the effects of electron correlation. The previously found discrepancies theory and experiment have mostly removed after the inclusion of the electron-electron correlation effects in the theoretical calculations. 13 refs.


Although the occurrence of Pleistocene mammals is abundant in many localities of Minas Gerais State (e.g., Lagoa Santa, Janaúba, Bambuí, Cordisburgo, Patos de Minas, Araxá), there are no references at present of Quaternary megafauna in Uberaba, Triângulo Mineiro, southeastern Brazil. This region is traditionally recognized for its taxonomically diverse fauna of the Late Cretaceous Bauru Group. In 2006, fossil material attributed to giant ground sloth Eremotherium laurillardi (Xenarthra, Megatheriidae), a typical taxon of the Brazilian Pleistocene, was discovered in the Uberaba City (Minas Gerais State). The specimen (CPP 1122) which is here described consists of several cranial and postcranial bones of a single individual. The material was confined to a small alluvial deposit, yielding in the Córrego da Saudade stream, which due its restricted area distribution it is not represented in geological maps. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


Phytoremediation is a developing technology that uses plants to clean up pollutants in soils. To adopt this technology to cadmium (Cd)–contaminated soils efficiently, a Cd hyperaccumulator with fast growth rate and large biomass is required. In the present study, we selected Caryophyllales as a potential clade that might include Cd hyperaccumulators because this clade had a high mean concentration of zinc (Zn), which is in the same element group as Cd. Three species in Caryophyllales and three species in different clades were grown with Cd. Among them, Amaranthus tricolor showed high accumulating ability for Cd under both water‐culture and soil‐culture conditions, whereas Brassica juncea, a known Cd hyperaccumulator, accumulated high concentrations of Cd in shoots only under water‐culture conditions. This result suggests that A. tricolor has Cd‐solubilizing ability in rhizosphere. Because A. tricolor has large biomass and high growth rate, this species could be useful for phytoremediation of Cd‐contaminated fields.