appears throughout the narrative, but surrounding him are also key associates in the party and government. The successful attempt to reverse the regionalism of the earlier period and centralize power in the central executive is graphically told. It will be reassuring to many American readers to realize the extent to which important issues are debated within the single dominant party, and particularly within Parliament. KANU &dquo;back-benchers&dquo; frequently challenge and debate government proposals in important and healthy ways. Although the government and cabinet are often vigorously challenged, President Kenyatta


"Flaubert, Dostoevski, Proust, Kafka, Joyce, Faulkner, Beckett . . ." According to Alain Robbe-Grillet, this was the lineage of the Nouveau Roman, the literary branch of the French New Wave following World War II. "Far from making a tabula rasa of the past," Robbe-Grillet wrote, "we have most readily reached an agreement on the names of our predecessors; and our ambition is merely to continue them. Not to do better, which has no meaning, but to situate ourselves in their wake, now, in our own time."1 In 1961, the year this commentary was written, Beckett was widely considered to be at the forefront of the avant-garde: why, then, did Robbe-Grillet place Beckett in the company of past authors, when Beckett was so closely linked with what was happening "now"? Robbe-Grillet's presumption that Beckett's time had passed was pronounced in an earlier essay he published in 1957, "Samuel Beckett, or Presence on the Stage." Here he made the following prediction—one that now seems cannily accurate:


One Iron Age burial and twenty-three inhumations dated to the Roman period from Brackmills, Northamptonshire, have been examined. The Iron Age female and a male display a rare anatomical variant, hypoplasia of the hook of the hamate. Differential diagnosis, os hamuli proprium and trauma, is discussed. The high proportion of anatomical variants in the sample as a whole may indicate a small inbreeding population.


Nondisclosure laws and other factors have hindered the production and release of median home price in many areas across the country. This paper attempts to fill the gaps and develops a simple approach to estimating median prices for a geographically complete set of areas.


Epoxidation of propylene over rare earth chloride doped silver catalysts were performed at atmospheric pressure using conventional flow reactors.Although the stationary activity was somewhat low after modification,each type of catalyst has improved the selectivity to PO.The selectivity and activity was dependent on reaction temperature,contact time and catalyst composition.Under oxygen rich atmosphere,the marked drop in selectivity to PO was observed.In exposing the catalysts to a stream of hydrogen or inert gas,the catalysts restored the initial selectivity to PO.The reason of decreased selectivity to PO is due to the formation of silver chloride.


Agroforestry systems (AFS) are priority semi-natural ecosystems in fragile ecological zones. The complexity and diversity of their species structure play a crucial role in maintaining AFS stability. To explore the optimization of improvement strategies in AFS' structure and stability for control of karst desertification (KD), in this study, we chose typical desertification control areas in the southern China karst region. The study included homegarden (HG), agrisilviculture (ASV), and multipurpose woodlots (MWLs) as three AFS. We quantified the AFS' structural characteristics using descriptive statistics and spatial structure parameters. We used the fuzzy integrated evaluation method with structural and functional indicators as guidelines, and stand structure, plant species diversity, soil fertility, and environmental factors as first-level evaluation indicators. The entropy weight method calculates the weights of indicators at all levels. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method establishes an evaluation index system to evaluate the grading of AFS' stability. The results showed that: (i) The species composition of the AFS in the KD control areas had a simple structure, the overall diversity level was low, and the diversity level of herbaceous plants was better than that of woody plants. (ii) The overall distribution curves of diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height (TH), and crown width (CW) of woody plants in the AFS in the KD control areas were slight to the left, with a single-peaked pattern, mostly randomly and unevenly distributed in space, with a low degree of tree species isolation and relatively weak stand stability. (iii) There was variability in the stability classes of different types of AFS, overall reflecting the ranking HG > ASV > MWLs. (iv) When structural optimization was applied, corresponding measures can be taken according to farmers' wishes for different types of AFS and their primary business purposes. The improvement of stability depends mainly on the utility of the structural optimization applied coupled with positive human interference (for example, pruning, dwarfing, and dense planting). This study provides a scientific reference for maintaining the stability of AFS and promoting service provision.


This book aims at creating an accessible synthesis of the Italian Renaissance for nonspecialists. It argues that the Renaissance began with Petrarch and was defined by a new sense of individualism, secularism, and a focus on the dignity of man. From Petrarch, the Renaissance flowered in the republican environment of fifteenth-century Florence, with Leonardo Bruni a critical figure. From Florence, the book examines key political and cultural developments across the Italian peninsula. Its final section focuses on Rome, where the narrative reaches the end of the Renaissance after CounterReformation popes began rejecting the heritage of classical antiquity. This book includes a good range of rulers, artists, and authors. However, scholars may find that the book's interpretations and assumptions contrast with many of the conclusions within recent scholarship.


This review of the literature reveals that, for the first quarter of the twentieth century, most of the discussion centered on who was responsible for mentally retarded blind children–educators of the blind or educators of the mentally retarded. The first institution specifically for such children was founded in 1921, but it was more than 30 years before the second was founded. Now there are 44 institutions for blind mentally retarded children and program development is proceeding rapidly in response to pressure from parents, professionals, and the community.


P resident Eisenhower's Federal Highway Act of 1956 transformed America's local patchwork of roads into a national, interconnected highway system. This investment in a critical infrastructure was transformative, and one of the largest public works ever funded by the U.S. government. Nearly everyone in the United States has been touched by this system, be it for travel or access to goods. Health care today is in a similar situation as America's hodgepodge road system was in the early 20th century. There have been many local and regional projects and several national initiatives, all independently seeking to improve the quality and safety of patient care. The federal government has supported these efforts through the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's (AHRQ) research portfolio, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Service's (CMS) Partnership for Patients, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) research and public health funding. These investments are needed, although they are still insufficient for the size of the problem. As with the old road system, we have yet to invest in the basic infrastructure necessary for all patients, hospitals, and providers to improve and sustain improvements in quality and safety. In this essay, we review the investments needed to establish a quality infrastructure that supports broad and sustained improvements in quality and safety.


AbstractAim:To investigate the mitochondria-initiated apoptosis pathway involved in Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) hepatotoxicity in vitro.Methods:Several cytotoxicity endpoints, including WST-8 metabolism, lactate dehydrogenase leakage and morphological changes, were examined. The 5,5′-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) reaction was used to measure reduced glutathione level, and the malondialdehyde level was determined using the thiobarbituric acid assay. The release of cytochrome c and Bcl-XL was detected by Western blot. Caspase-3 activity was measured using the fluorogenic substrate Ac-DEVD-AMC. DNA fragmentation was used to evaluate cell apoptosis.Results:A time-and dose-dependent decrease in cellular glutathione content was observed, along with a concomitant increase in malondialdehyde levels following the application of CCl4. Caspase 3 activity was stimulated at all doses of CCl4, with the most significant activation at 3 mmol/L. Cytochrome c was released obviously after CCl4 treatment. A time-dependent decrease in Bcl-XL expression was observed. DNA fragmentation results revealed apoptosis and necrosis following CCl4 treatment.Conclusion:Oxidative damage is one of the essential mechanisms of CCl4 hepatotoxicity, which triggers apoptosis via the mitochondria-initiated pathway.


Previous research has shown that organizational level is significantly related to need satisfactions, self-perceptions, and contrasting definitions of career success. In the present study it is demonstrated that organizational level is also correlated significantly with three job attitudes, namely, interest in work innovation, job motivation, and willingness to disagree with supervisors. It is not associated significantly with acceptance of job changes and identification with the organization. Ss were 237 government employees.


The effects of organic additives and short-circuit tree resistances on the characteristics of DC treeing in low-density polyethylene were investigated. The inception voltage and growth characteristics of DC trees for several different short-circuit resistances were studied on samples blended with additives such as aniline, m-cresol, and p-dichlorobenzene. The observed characteristics for zero short-circuit resistance are mainly related to the short-circuit tree formed at the step of the short-circuit procedure due to the strong Poisson field resulting from space charges in the vicinity of the needle electrode. This kind of tree shows a distinct polarity effect, so that the inception voltage in the case of positive polarity on the needle electrode is larger than in the case of negative polarity. The observed characteristics for high short-circuit resistances are related to the impressed tree, defined as the tree formed when the pressure is impressed at the electrodes. This kind of tree shows a clear inverse polarity effect compared to the case of zero short-circuit resistance.<<ETX>>


The personality of people may be possibly analyzed using the content they post using social media sites and their profile picture choice. In this paper, we analyze Twitter profiles images to predict personality of major categories of the USA public. For the analysis, we have distributed the USA people into five major categories (Political personalities, Sports Stars, Business Bodies, Hollywood figures, and General public). We have collected the Twitter profile data, last month tweets and stored them in MySQL data base. This collection of data sets is further analyzed with their profile images using features of color, image composition, image type, and their online behavior. We are predicting about their personality traits using their posts and online engagement on Twitter. For the interpretability, our analysis targeted aesthetic and facial features to explore personality traits. Our results predict the behavior of Twitter users based on the profile picture they choose. For instance, conscientious and agreeable users display positive emotions, while users having openness select aesthetic photos. Our experimental results and calculation proved that we have achieved 53.457 percent accurate prediction and encounter that personality prediction is harder for robust accuracy.


This study examines the factors influencing behavioral intention of farmers to adopt a mobile agricultural finance application called e-AgriFinance. This study develops the conceptual framework from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and technology readiness. Via a questionnaire survey, data were collected from 278 farmers who are producing the three major crops, namely oil palm, rubber, and cocoa in Sarawak, Malaysia. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique with R plspm package was employed to analyze the data. The research revealed that the motivator dimension of technology readiness affects all the four UTAUT factors: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions but the inhibitor dimension negatively affects only two factors: performance expectancy and social influence. Besides, all the four UTAUT factors are found to be positively related to farmers' behavioral intention to adopt the e-AgriFinance app, with social influence being the relatively strongest factor.


This article analyzes the effect that the physicochemical parameters of the wastewater flowing into a treatment plant have on the activated sludge settleability. The statistical analysis shows that as far as the technological parameters are concerned, the activated sludge sedimentation capacity is mostly affected by the biomass concentration in the chamber, whereas as for the abiotic factors, settleability is significantly determined by the season of the year and thus the temperature. With regard to the wastewater quality-related parameters, biological oxygen demand has the greatest effect on settleability. The conducted analyzes involved the development of statistical models to predict the activated sludge sedimentation capacity on the basis of multiple linear regression and genetic programming.


Abstract Componential analysis (CA) is a means by which an accurate account of sense relations, that holds among lexemes, can be given. This technique is met with contentions by some, but on the whole it is a valid and substantiated technique. It accounts for sense relations making it of great use for studies based on these relations, and this means that CA has different uses. This technique is utilized in this article as a means to interpret metaphors of universal nature and translate them in English and Arabic. Being based on the existence of universals and cultural overlaps, CA achieves the aim for which it is used here.


Department of Neurosurgery, VU Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.Harvard Catalyst Laboratory for Innovative Translational Technologies, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA. Department of Human Genetics, Medical School, Saarland University, Homburg-Saar, Germany. Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts University, Boston MA. Exosome Diagnostics Inc. New York, NY. *These authors contributed equally to this


The circulating fluidized bed is operated at the temperature range from 800℃ to 900℃. However, it is possible that the local temperature especially at the lower bed could be higher than 900℃. High bed temperature results in the thermal damage of refractory material as well as the increased wear of inner tube. Thus, to minimize the damage of refractory material and inner tube, it is important to optimally maintain the bed temperature. In the present study, the bed temperature is measured for the wide variation (10~50 ton) of decrement of the lower-bed remained solid inventory which is controled by the air cooled bed ash extraction system. Experimental results indicate that the bed temperature decreases by reducing from 10ton to 40ton. But, by decreasing from 40ton to 50ton, the bed temperature is slightly increased in the range of 10℃. Therefore, Reducing the lower-bed reamained solid inventory is effective to decrease bed temperature but excessively reducing might increase bed temperature. Also the fluidized material density increases by reducing from 10ton to 40ton. But, by decreasing from 40ton to 50ton, The fluidized material density is decreased. It is assumed that the variation of fluidized material density in upper furnace is similar to variation of bed temperature. Because when decreasing from 40ton to 50ton variation of results were opposite to that of results by reducing from 10ton to 40ton.


For one manufacture-two retailers supply chain and two manufactures-one retailer supply chain,a manufacturer Stackelberg game were proposed.The equilibrium solutions of prices,per-unit carbon emissions and profits were obtained,and the impact of carbon tax and consumers' environmental awareness on carbon emissions and profits was examined in two supply chain structures.It shows that for clean manufacturer,it's optimal per-unit carbon emissions decrease as the carbon tax and consumers' environmental awareness increase,for dirty manufacturer,it's optimal per-unit carbon emissions increase as the carbon taxes and consumers' environmental awareness increase.Furthermore,the government should increase carbon tax in clean industries in order to decrease unit carbon emissions,otherwise,the tax should be decreased.


Target detection system based on P300 braincomputer interface realizes the organic fusion of machine intelligence and biological intelligence and opens up new ideas for target detection technology. In order to study the influence mechanism of the frame rate on the EEG characteristics of the system, we tested the frame rate of five subjects using six different images. Experimental results show that the frame rate of image projection is positively correlated with the latency of P300 and negatively correlated with the intensity of P300 signal. The HDCA classification algorithm was used to extract and classify the P300 signal extracted at different frame rates. The classification results showed that the P300 classification accuracy was high under low frame rate stimulation. Considering the working efficiency of the system, it is proposed to adopt 7−8Hz as the target working frequency of the system.


The purpose of this paper is to examine the amount of calorific energy required to operate a roller coaster small enough to fit inside the human body. It was found that relative to the amount of energy in food, a miniaturized roller coaster initially designed to be fairly large would require little energy at only 9.27×10 ‑10  kcal per day.


Benevolent work has proven especially attractive for women. An outgrowth of this tradition, and the focus of this paper, is the recent development of the women's funds—philanthropic organizations that were created to empower women and girls. These new organizations represent a change in the role that women have played in philanthropy. Moreover, the structure of these funds provides insights into the role of gender in organizational analysis. The women's funds represent gendered bureaucracies in which the interests of philanthropic women mitigate the tendency toward bureaucratization.


A mobile telephone with encrypted menu of short message and message registration and telephone book, in which the system module is composed of a ULYSSE17UBGA circuit connected with a KSA3240VTA memory, comprises a keyboard for input setting-safety detecting-protecting, a setting program for inputting default password when it doesn't need to encrypt, a program for inputting menu options of the short message and message registration and telephone book when need to encrypt, a program for inputting updating or not updating the password, an inputting confirming program when not need to update, a program for inputting a new password and confirming the new password when need to update the password, a program for inputting requested password for entering the menu of setting and confirming the password.


Corticokinematic coherence (CKC) is the phase coupling between limb kinematics and cortical neurophysiological signals reflecting cortical processing of proprioceptive afference, and is reproducible when estimated with magnetoencephalography (MEG). However, feasibility and reproducibility of CKC based on electroencephalography (EEG) is still unclear and is the primary object of the present report. Thirteen healthy right-handed volunteers (7 females, 21.7 ± 4.3 years) participated two separate EEG sessions 12.6±1.3 months apart. Participants' dominant and non-dominant index finger was continuously moved at 3 Hz for 4 min separately using a pneumatic-movement actuator. Coherence was computed between finger acceleration and three derivations of EEG signals: (1) average reference, (2) bipolar derivations, and (3) surface Laplacian. CKC strength was defined as the peak coherence value at the movement frequency. Intraclass-correlation coefficient values (0.74-0.93) indicated excellent inter-session reproducibility for CKC strength for all derivations and moved fingers. CKC strength obtained with EEG was ~2 times lower compared to MEG but the values were positively correlated across the participants. CKC strength was significantly (p<0.01) higher for bipolar (session-1 0.19±0.09; session-2 0.20±0.10) and surface Laplacian (session-1 0.22±0.09; session-2 0.21±0.09) derivations than for the average reference (session 1 0.10±0.04; session 2, 0.11±0.05). We demonstrated that CKC is feasible and reproducible tool to monitor proprioception using EEG recordings, although the strength of CKC was twice lower for EEG compared to MEG. Laplacian and bipolar (CP3-C1/CP3-C3 and CP4-C2/C4-FC2) EEG derivation(s) are recommended for future research and clinical use of CKC method.


Objective To investigate early repair of congenital cleft lip with correction of nasal deformities at the same time in infant. Methods Millard of cleft lip repair was used with correction of nasal deformities at the same time, in which the displaced alar cartilage and the deviated septum were replaced to their normal anatomical position. Results Thirty patients of infant were treated with this method. The time of postoperative follow-up was 6~8 years. The results are excellent. Conclusion Early repair of cleft lip with correction of nasal deformities at the same time can enable the displaced alar cartilage and the deviated septum to return to the normal anatomical position and to grow in the right place. As a result, the nasal deformities don't appear.


This article gives a detailed account of the necessity of properly integrating raw satellite image data with geographic information systems (GIS) in order to accommodate for the needs to different municipalities (typically road safety). The image collection, as the article notes, is the least dynamic of the processes involved, as the images only need to be updated as the area in question is modified, as by new roads, changed roads, and the rest. The next step upon a collection of images is to overlay them with GIS information. Typical public works projects use Global Positioning System (GPS) tools to determine the locations of objects such as manholes, trees, pipe routes and diameters, and street markings. However, one major problem with the use of GIS is that of expense, as only 15 or 20 percent of municipalities can afford them.


In this paper,variation of protease and amylase activities in Pseudobagrus fulvidraco fed with two artificial diets was studied.40 adults were randomly divided into two groups,which were fed with artificial diets of elver in one group and common carp in another group for 50 days.Three of each group were measured every 10 days.The result showed that in the elver group,the ascension of protease activity in both stomach and intestine was obvious,and the descension of amylase activity in stomach was obvious,but not in intestine.In the common carp group,the ascension of protease activity and the descension of amylase activity in both stomach and intestine was obvious.It can be concluded from the ratio of amylase activity to protease activity(A/P)that the proportion of amylase will not decrease with the long-term inducement of high protein diets.It will keep dynamic stability after dropping to a certain value.Long-term high amyloidal diets will cause the increase of the proportion of amylase activity,and will finally lead to the conversion of food habit.


Some observations on the angular-energy-distribution of the ion induced electron emission are explained as an effect of electron motion in the crystal lattice. Using two-beam and four-beam approximations of the dynamical electron-diffraction theory, minimum emission from Cu (111) is explained as being due to a Bragg reflection of the electrons. A reasonable agreement of calculation with experiments is found.


Objective To understand the fluoride contents of well water and prevalent state of fluorosis in endemic fluorosis area of Yangyuan County in Hebei Province.Method Randomly selecting 2 villages as objects,including one endemic area named Nanwa and one non-endemic area named Dongbu.Detemination fluoride content in well water and,investigation of dental fluorosis prevalence rate and deformed skeletal fluorosis in these villages.Results The fluoride content in well water of Nanwa was obviously higher than that in Dongbao(P0.01),contents at the range of 2.20 to 2.91mg/L,which were higher than the limit of Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water Quality(2001).The urine fluoride and dental fluorosis rate of children in Nanwa were obviously higher than that in Dongbao(P0.01),the dental fluorosis rate was 81.4%.There were 26 deformed skeletal fluorosis patients in Nanwa.Conclusions The fluoride contents in well water of endemic fluorosis area were seriously higher than the sanitary standard and people in endemic area still had severe fluorosis.


This paper considers a generalized vehicle routing problem in a real application of a chain of convenience stores. The problem is to find the best truck routes, based on bi-criteria, for distributing a variety of products from a distribution center to convenience stores by using non-identical trucks. The distances between two places are asymmetric. This paper proposes multiple local search algorithms. Some of them use single neighborhood structure and some use double neighborhood structures. The aim of this paper is to find the local search algorithm with the specific neighborhood structure that performs very well for the generalized vehicle routing problem proposed in this paper. 


The purpose of this paper is twofold: First, a set of narrowband noise spectra for an unheated round subsonic jet is produced that can be compared with other nozzles and other facilities as well as for evaluating computational or analytical methods. Second, the subtle differences in dealing with narrowband and 1/3-octave spectra when analyzing jet noise are highlighted and a general method is presented to adjust experimental data of any bandwidth. The spectral character of noise generated from an unheated round jet is examined for a range of subsonic jet velocities for a convergent nozzle of given size. Following established scaling guidelines, the 1/3-octave spectra at a polar angle of 90 0 (produced from the narrowband data) can be collapsed to a single curve based on a non-dimensional frequency and the eighth power law of the jet exit velocity. At angles normal to the jet axis, the peak non-dimensional frequency corresponds to a value of approximately unity. Performing the same analysis with the narrowband spectra reveals two things: (1) The peak non-dimensional frequency normal to the jet axis corresponds to a value of approximately 0.3 and (2) in order to achieve a good collapse of the spectra with velocity, the narrowband data must be normalized per unit non-dimensional frequency. The former point while intuitive and mostly understood, is important for those interested in prediction schemes (namely computational efforts) and to designers who want to use a universal jet noise spectra and determine the actual peak frequency of interest (at 90 0 ). The latter point is a nuance that results in the scaling of jet noise effectively as the seventh power of velocity for narrowband spectra. Finally, the present data is compared with well accepted subsonic jet noise data from the literature using a scaling method that can be used for both 1/3-octave data and narrowband data.


【Objective】To identify characterization of Actinidia eriantha'White'fruit development,fruitquality and its utilizing value.'White'is a new cultivar selected from wild A. eriantha recently,and haslarge fruit with good flavor.【Methods】Fruit morphology,growth and development were described usingBBCH scale,and dynamics of starch and organic acid accumulation were also studied during fruit devel-opment from anthesis to fruit senescence.【Results】The results showed that there were three main stagesduring the'white'fruit development : cell division(BBCH scale stage from 70 to 74);fruit expansion(starch accumulation,BBCH scale stage from 74 to 80);fruit maturation(BBCH scale stage from 80 to90). The period of starch accumulation of'White'was short,but the period of organic acid accumulationwas long and the malic contents were high. The fructose content was the highest while the sucrose contentwas the lowest when the fruit was ready for eating. The fruits could be ripe on the vine,which was suit-able for sight-seeing and visitor's picking.【Conclusion】This study provided a standard model for de-scribing fruit development of'White'based on BBCH,and foundation for further physiological and mo-lecular studies.


The new compound, (H3O)2[Cu3Cl3(H2O)3(NCgH12.5O6)2] 1, has been synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction and its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.The crystal is of hexagonal, space group P63/m with a = 10.6975(13), c = 14.881 (3)A, V = 1474.8(4)866, R = 0.0517 and wR = 0.0900 for 537 observed reflections (I > 2σ(Ⅰ)). This compound contains two oxonium ions and one [Cu3C13(H2O)3(H0.5ntp)2]2- anion (ntp = nitrilotripropanoato), in which two tridentate ntp ligands connected by three copper(Ⅱ) ions enclose a cage-like unit. Each copper(Ⅱ) ion is coordinated by one water molecule, one chloride ligand and two carboxylate oxygen atoms from two ntp ligands assume a slightly distorted square-planar geometry. There are atoms of the units resulting in two-dimensional sheets and wheel-like three-dimensional interpenetrating frameworks.


Purpose: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the TIGRIS stent for lesions up to 24 cm in the superficial femoral and proximal popliteal arteries (SFA/PPA). Methods: This prospective, multicenter, randomized study enrolled 274 subjects at 36 sites in the United States and Europe. Subjects were randomly assigned in a 3:1 ratio to treatment with the TIGRIS stent (n=197; mean age 66.7±9.28 years; 141 men) or LifeStent (n=70; mean age 67.9±8.87 years; 49 men). The primary safety endpoint was 30-day freedom from major adverse events (MAE). The primary efficacy endpoint was primary patency at 12 months. Secondary endpoints included target lesion revascularization (TLR) and stent fracture. Clinical success and quality of life were also assessed. Results: Mean lesion length (107.6 vs 117.9 mm, p=0.29), procedure success (99.5% vs 97.1%, p=0.17), and freedom from MAE (99.5% vs 100%, p>0.99) were similar for the TIGRIS and control groups, respectively. Likewise, there was no difference in primary patency at 12 months (60.6% vs 63.2%, p=0.73) or 24 months (56.3% vs 50.2%, p=0.60) or in TLR at the same time points (76.6% vs 80.6%, p=0.49; 70.5% vs 67.2%, p=0.85). There were no differences in the changes in Rutherford category or the ankle/brachial index through 24 months. The rate of stent fracture was lower for TIGRIS compared with LifeStent (0% vs 32.7%, p<0.001). Conclusion: The TIGRIS stent and LifeStent were similarly effective for the treatment of lesions in the SFA and PPA. The high flexibility and zero fracture rate associated with the TIGRIS stent make this device favorable for use in high-flexion arteries.


Future networked embedded systems (NES) will be complex systems deeply integrated in the environment that they monitor. They will have to react to both user and environmental events, and this may require modifying their structure to handle the changing situations. For a number of domains, such adaptation will need to take place in real-time, introducing a hard problem that will require novel and paradigmatic solutions involving cross-domain knowledge. The ARTEMIS iLAND1 project focuses on time-deterministic reconfiguration in complex NES. The project contributions gather around the construction of a light-weight real-time middleware architecture and of the development the required processes and algorithms to support system reconfiguration in bounded-time with bounded-error. This paper presents the context of this challenging problem by describing the contributions and vision of the project and discussing a number of limitations found in current approaches. The paper also discusses the set of realistic bounds and assumptions in order to provide valid contributions to reconfiguration in its target application domains. A use case scenario that has already been implemented as a demonstrator is described in order to illustrate the validity of the presented approach.


For a modulus function φ, we define the Hardy-Orlicz space H (φ). Two main questions are discussed in this paper. First, when is a linear map mg: H (φ) → H (φ), mg (f) = g.f an isometry? Second, when is H (φ) = H1?


An ecological and microbiological study of the soil cover in the Kurgan region was carried out. The study provided for soil sampling on the territory of the children's camp and the surrounding area. The soil was sampled in spring and autumn from a depth of 0-20 cm . The data obtained in 2015-2017 indicate that the soil cover in the Kurgan region today is still contaminated with organochlorine pesticide. It was found that due to the use of organochlorine pesticide on the territory of the children's camp against the fight against the ixod mite, there was a decrease in the number of nitrifiers. In comparison with the territory behind the camp, where processing was not carried out. The number of microorganisms in the spring period in the control variant in 2015 amounted to 70.0 thousand. CFU/g of soil, in 2016 73.3 thousand CFU/g of soil and in 2017 88.3 thousand CFU/g of soil. And the minimum number according to the options where the territory was processed in 2015 is 4.7 thousand. CFU/g of soil; in 2016, 6.3 thousand CFU/g of soil; in 2017, 6.3 thousand CFU/g of soil. In the soil cover of the studied area, there was a significant decrease in microorganisms under the influence of the organochlorine pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Keywords: ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDE, MICROORGANISMS, SAMPLES, RESIDUAL AMOUNT, SOIL, POLLUTION, MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE CONCENTRATION


FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a solid oral dosed sustained-release composition with film envelope used in treatment of patients with symptoms of allergic and/or inflammatory states. The composition comprises: (a) a core containing the effective amount of pseudoephedrine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and (b) film envelope covering a core uniformly and comprising: (c) the second film envelope covering a film envelope (b) uniformly and containing the effective amount of desloratadine and wherein the amount of pseudoephedrine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt is sufficient for providing the maximal average geometric values of plasma pseudoephedrine concentrations equal to from about 345 to about 365 ng/ml for time from about 7.60 to about 8.4 h, and wherein the amount of desloratadine is sufficient for providing the maximal average geometric concentrations of plasma desloratadine equal from about 2.10 to about 2.45 ng/ml for time from about 4.0 to about 4.5 h after dosing a single dose given in the composition. EFFECT: improved and valuable medicinal and pharmaceutical properties of composition. 14 cl, 4 tbl, 4 ex


Abstract We show that the kth order statistic from a heterogeneous sample of n ≥ k exponential random variables is larger than that from a homogeneous exponential sample in the sense of star ordering, as conjectured by Xu and Balakrishnan [14]. As a consequence, we establish hazard rate ordering for order statistics between heterogeneous and homogeneous exponential samples, resolving an open problem of Pǎltǎnea [11]. Extensions to general spacings are also presented.


At a time when much attention is given to the expansion of agricultural activity around the world, especially in the Middle East, where oil wealth is being invested in agricultural projects,2 a similar activity is being carried out in Israel under the slogan "Making a Desert Bloom."3 It has also been described as the "Israeli experience."4 Because of such activity and for many other reasons, the indigenous population of the Negev desert and other Bedouin groups in Israel have been frustrated in their attempt to improve their lives and welfare in a rapidly changing world. They have not been permitted to continue their traditional pastoralism, nor have they been granted the opportunity to develop an adequate agriculture for their own land. Due to the restrictive measures that were introduced and enforced, the Bedouin have naturally experienced significant and rapid changes in their economic and social life. Nearly all aspects of Bedouin life have been affected and these changes have shaken, and now threaten, the very roots of their culture.5 The changes clearly are reflected in their contemporary settlement pattern. The suggestion made by D. H. K. Amiran et al (1976)


The ERP system collects the information through the firm's whole value creation process, so it is reasonable to use the value chain theory to analyze ERP development. Firstly, the extended information hierarchy value chain theory (EIHVCT) was advanced based on the value chain theory and information hierarchy theory. Second, the validity of EIHVCT was conducted through the elaboration of the ERP history and future trend. Finally, a case study was analyzed to further explain the practical effects of EIHVCT, and the porter's value chain theory was supplemented.


This chapter concludes Volume III of Studies in the Contract Laws of Asia. It summarizes the main findings on the 13 Asian jurisdictions covered (China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam). With regard to both the interpretation of contracts and the control of unfair terms, the various legal sources and their 'Western' sources of inspiration are described, questions of classification and terminology discussed, and the major substantive issues that arise across legal systems examined. The latter include the dichotomy of 'subjective' and 'objective' approaches to contractual interpretation; the admissible aids to interpretation, such as customs, usages, the commercial background, good faith, and the negotiations of the parties; the conflict between 'literalist' and 'contextualist' approaches, particularly with regard to gap-filling by way of implication of terms or 'supplementary interpretation'; the 'covert' judicial control of unfair terms under general contract law doctrines, such as incorporation, interpretation, and the rules on procedural unfairness; the open control based on specific legislation on either particular types of term, unfair standard terms, or consumer contracts, and the supporting enforcement mechanisms. In conclusion, the chapter highlights the differences and similarities that can be observed across Asia, relates these to the wide variety of legal transfers that occurred in the relevant legal systems, and maps out issues for further research.


In this paper by using the most modern extraction technology, digital Soxhelet was used to extract peach kernel oil. Temperature, concentration of solvents could be adjustable by this gadget & in a controllable condition extraction could be done. Extraction was performed with Hexan & Ethanol solvents & Hexan's yield extracts were higher than Ethanol ones. To consider more, Hexan extraction was focused & with three different temperatures & 4 amounts of solvents, yield extracts were determined. As a result, increasing in temperature & concentration of solvent will lead to induction of yield extracts. In addition to digital Soxhelet extraction method, quantity of oil extraction by non-heating method (maceration in solvent) at room temperature was discussed & showed lower extraction to Soxhelet extraction. After considering amount & quantity of peach kernel oil, quality of oil was studied by defining fatty acids compositions of peach kernel oil. Using GC device, twelve fatty acids' compositions were determined. Maximum amounts were for Oleic & Linoleic acids. Finally some routine experiments were done to find out more about different values & indexes of peach kernel oil. Keywords: oil extraction, fatty acids, Soxhelet, Gas chromatography


. — Under some reasonable smoothness assumpfions on the displacements, we are able to dérive an error estimate of the form ||a — <7 h || L 2 {fl) ^ Ch, for the approximation of the stress field a in some problems in elasto-plasticity. Using the same ideas, we als o find a piecewise line ar approximation of Mosolov's problem, for which we still get an 0 (h) error estimate.


The folded chain structures in cellulose molecule were investigated through molecular dynamics simulation technique. The chain molecules based on the flexible ring structure model of glucose residues were applied for the simulation. The conformational transitions of the ring structures were not detected during the simulation near room temperature. The optimized structures of cellulose chains did not have 2-fold screw axis symmetries that were usually observed in the cellulose chains in the crystallites, so that fairly large stress energies were to be retained in the cellulose crystallites. The comparatively loose folded chain structures were also confirmed to be possible in the cellulose molecules in a cellulose II crystallites that were formed after chain molecules were created.


Several questionable points in derivation and use of Young's equation at home are analyzed with mechanics.It is pointed out that the derivation of Young's equation with the concept of force is not convenient,but the concept of energy should be used.As an example,the mathmatical expression is inferred for the minus increment -Δ G of surface free energy of the three phases system composed of spheroidal solid particle and bubble in water in the process of adsorption.


The partisan movement in Korea was carried out fiercely before and after the Korean War. The main line of the partisan struggle was initiated with the rebellion of the 14th army regiment garrisoned in Yosu, on October 19th, 1948. At first, the Yosun Incident broke out for the reason of resisting the military order to quell the civilian resistance on Jeju Island. This rebellion instantly spread across Suncheon and the eastern area of South Cholla Province. However, sooner or later the participants had to retreat because of the R.O.K military suppression operations, The militant soldiers and the Leftist members, who were involved in the Yosun incident, sought their refuge in the Baekun and Chiri mountain regions. They organized the partisan troops there to enter into guerilla action. After the second half of 1949, the partisan movement began showing distinct differences in its nature as it gradually shifted from voluntary action to organized resistance under the upper organizations. The North Korea Labor Party and the South Korea Labor Party began to lead the partisan movement in South Korea under the slogan: "Full annexation of national territory". The Kangdong Political School was established as a means to train guerilla commandos en masse. The 'graduates', most of whom were from South Korea, were organized into three guerilla corps. They followed the mountain pass through the Tabaek Mountains to enter the southern parts of Korea, where they came into contact with local members of the Labor Party. As the result, the three combat zones were formed in the Odae, Tabaek, and Chiri mountain regions. However, the partisan movement before long met its limits due to a variety of circumstances: the collapse of local Party organization, the loss of support from local civilians due to the frequent pillaging of villages for supplies, and the ever-strengthening grip of the anti-communist system. Above all, the Winter Suppression Joint-Operations which began in October 1949 dealt a devastating blow to partisan action. Military operations and evacuation of the residents in the mountains made partisans be helpless. All three corps of the People's Commandos were brought to a standstill by 1950. Eventually, the organized partisan movement became impossible around March 1950.


We think not. The welfare state is in trouble not because sel shness is rampant (it is not), but because many egalitarian programs no longer evoke, and sometimes now o end, deeply held notions of fairness, encompassing both reciprocity and generosity, but stopping far short of unconditional altruism towards the less well o . Recasting egalitarianism to tap these sentiments should be high on the agenda of those who worry about the human toll being taken by poverty, inequality, and insecurity in the United States and in the world. The United States public remains deeply committed to helping those in need. In 1991 and ABC/WP poll found that twice as many were \willing to pay higher taxes" to \reduce poverty" as were opposed. In 1995 61% expressed willingness to pay more taxes to \provide job training and public service jobs for people on welfare so that they can get o welfare." (Weaver, Shapiro and Jacobs 1995). Almost three quarters of those surveyed by Time


This paper presents a method of converting a stochastic optimal control problem into a deterministic one, where probability distributions on the state space of the stochastic model are taken as states in the deterministic model. Relations between policies and rewards of the two models are given and counterparts to known deterministic results are developed for the stochastic model. A novel feature of our framework is the enlargement of the set of admissible control laws to include universally measurable policies rather than only Borel measurable policies. This feature together with a new measurable selection theorem allow us to dispense with the notions of p-optimality of Blackwell and Strauch [11,6] and the notion of p-essential infimum of Striebel [12], and obtain all results in a form comparable to that for deterministic problems.


Aiming at the problems of distorted waveform and hot switches of the converter,the topology and soft-switching control principle of the converter was analyzed,the frequency response of parallel resonant circuit was deduced,the output waveform of the converter was showed,the aberrance of waveform in zero-crossing was found and the delay which the response time of the chips to the control signal was the reason.Aiming at the problem of signal delay,the compensatory circuit of phased-lock frequency tracking technology based on CD4046 was designed and the schematic circuit was given.At last,The results indicate that the designed compensatory circuit decreases the affect of response time to the converter,makes sure the converter work under soft-switching state and decreases the dynamic loss of the switches.


The intelligent design of building electrical equipment system is an evitable trend of the urban construction devel-opment.As an important part of intelligent building,the arrangement and equipment selection design of electric automation system is a vital part.Automatic control includes subsystem,and Central control room design,power supply design and field controller de-sign should be innovated to improve the quality of intelligent buildings.


Introduction / Background / Aim: Harm reduction is a public health evidence-based cost effective response to addressing the range of harms associated with injection drug use (IDU). In 2004 harm reduction was legislated as a core pillar of HIV/AIDS prevention in Indonesia. Furthermore, in 2006 a policy of harm reduction services in prison environments was endorsed by a range of stakeholders within the Indonesian government. Evidence from both developed and developing countries concur that female injection drug users (IDUs) experience a range of social, legal and health harms associated with IDU more acutely than their male counterparts. However, little is known about their experience of harm reduction services in both the community and in prisons. Methods: Qualitative research methods were employed with 20 former and current injecting drug using women in the community and prisons to explore how these woman access and experience harm reduction services. Interviews were conducted in various locations and environments over a 12 month continuous time frame. Data generated from both primary (interviews) and secondary sources (print media, social media, public health promotion materials) is being analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Preliminary data analysis suggests that harm reduction targeting female IDUs in the community is proving successful. However, within the prison sector, harm reduction targeting female IDUs fails to meet not only the needs of incarcerated IDUs, but also government and donor targets. Conclusion / Clinical Implications: Effectively responding to both the increase of female drug users and change in patterns of drug use combined with emerging discourses that perceive drug use as a health issue rather than a criminal justice issue, the findings from this research are of value in informing the design and implementation of gendered harm reduction policy and services for all IDUs. ____


Desulfurization additive has been extensively investigated in short-term studies. However,the long-term research is rarely reported for the wet limestone gypsum Flue Gas Desulfurization of thermal power plants.In this manuscript,hexanedioic acid was used as the main component of the desulfurization additives.The long-term effect of the additive on the desulfurization efficiency and auxiliary power consumption rate of thermal power plant were investigated,and its influence on the chemical composition of the gypsum and waste water was studied.


.............................................................................................................................................. ii DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................................ iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......................................................................................................................... v CHAPTER 1 -"BETTER LATE THAN NEVER?": UNDERSTANDING AFRICA'S URBAN FUTURE THROUGH THE LENSES OF POSTCOLONIAL URBANISM AND AFRICAN FEMINISM ................................................................................................................................................


Recently, the Cervical Artery Dissection in Stroke Study (CADISS) showed no significant difference in the efficacy of antiplatelet vs anticoagulant treatment in preventing stroke in adults with CCAD. Patients were randomized up to 7 days after onset of symptoms in the CADISS and recurrent stroke only occurred in four patients, all within 10 days of study entry. In the current study, symptomatic stroke recurrence occurred at 6 weeks in a child on anticoagulation. Three other children with VAD had asymptomatic stroke recurrences on follow-up imaging, two of whom were on warfarin and aspirin, and one of whom was on aspirin monotherapy. Perhaps the 'success' of anticoagulation in preventing further clinical strokes in children with CCAD who have 'failed' with aspirin is due to timing of therapy as well as underlying mechanism. Using a modest estimate that AIS occurs in 2 per 100 000 children per year, approximately 1500 children in the US will develop AIS next year, among whom one-third will have posterior circulation stroke. If half of these are due to VAD as suggested by McCrea et al., 250 children in the US alone will have an ischaemic stroke due to confirmed VAD. Perhaps we have reached the critical threshold of clinical and imaging expertise where enough children with VAD can be identified and entered into a randomized study to assess whether aspirin (either initially or perhaps as a transition from anticoagulation at 1 month following stroke) is as safe and effective as anticoagulation in preventing stroke recurrence. In the field of childhood stroke, where the heterogeneity of risk factors, presentations, and pathophysiological mechanisms often hamper our understanding and therefore much of our work is based on extrapolation and expert consensus. The findings by McCrea et al. have some exciting implications indeed for the way ahead.


It is well known from analytical work that the accretion disk model stated by Shakura and Sunyaev (Shakura and Sunyaev, 1973) shows, in the radiation pressure dominated zone, called the A zone, an instability, called the 'Shakura-Sunyaev instability'. This work shows the results of some simulations of α-disks in the conditions that the analytical theory states as instability conditions. Our simulations are two dimensional (r-z) and time dependent. We use the Smoothed Particle method in cylindric coordinates. The simulations of the A zone follow the time evolution of the disks. It appears that convection is very important to stabilize the flow.


The problem of contaminated marine sediments has emerged as an environmental issue of national importance. Harbor areas in particular have been found to contain high levels of contaminants in bottom sediments due to wastes from municipal, industrial and riverine sources. The paper examines the extent and significance of marine sediment contamination in the United States; reviews the state-of-the-art of contaminated sediment cleanup and identifies research and development needs.


The electron drift velocity ve , density-normalized longitudinal diffusion and effective ionization coefficients (α−η)/N in the N2-CO2 mixtures have been measured for E/N from 1 Td to 350 Td, for 10-100% N2 concentrations. These swarm data, including the transverse diffusion coefficient and the mean electron energy, have been calculated over a wider range of E/N from 1 Td to 1000 Td, using a multi-term solution of Boltzmann equation, based on fitted sets of collision cross sections of electrons interacting with N2 and CO2. We have found an excellent agreement between measured and calculated ve, while the values of NDL agree well only at the higher E/N portion of the range of overlap. Even though the measured density-normalised effective ionisation coefficients (α−η)/N agree very well in trend, they turned out to be slightly smaller that those calculated. The calculations provide now reliable data over a wide range of E/N.


Pregnancy toxaemia is a metabolic disorder that occurs in does and ewes during the late stage of pregnancy. Pregnant does that have low energy levels and having multiple numbers of fetuses are more susceptible to toxaemia. The present study was carried out in twenty five goats in advanced stage of pregnancy with the history of anorexia, torticolis, grinding of teeth, salivation and rigors. On clinical examination of animals, they were dull, depressed with tachycardia, tachypenia, opisthotonus and pale conjunctival mucous membrane. The biochemical parameters revealed hypoglycemia and hypocalcemia. Urine samples were collected and urine analysis revealed positive for ketone bodies. The goats were successfully treated with 25% dextrose i/v as a bolus, multiple electrolytes solution containing 5% dextrose i/v, glycerin orally and Vitamin B-complex injection intramuscularly and all the twenty five animals survived. Out of 25 animals medical termination of pregnancy was done in 21 cases and four animals delivered a live kid.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a yellowish fine red pigment composition useful as a colorant for printing ink, a coating, a colored plastic, etc., above all, a color filter attached to a high color-purity liquid-crystal display device for a large screen such as a display for a personal computer, a monitor, a television, etc., and the color filter which comprises the fine red pigment composition obtained by the method and has a red picture element part. SOLUTION: The method for producing the fine red pigment composition comprises using a red organic pigment and a yellow organic solvent as raw materials and milling the organic pigments. The method for producing the fine red pigment composition comprises milling the organic pigments so as to make primary particles have 10-100 nm average particle diameter. The color filter has the red picture element part containing the fine red pigment composition. The fine red pigment composition hardly causes color separation and thickening with time when added to a medium to be colored. The color filter which has a large Y value in the chromaticity of the CIE colorimetric system and excellent transparency is obtained. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO


Conclusion It appears that use of the regularized equations of motion yields solutions with greater accuracy while using less calculation time than unregularized equations, at least for the two methods of integration and for the particular trajectory used in the present study. The increased accuracy and less calculation time is due to the reduction in global truncation error and to the reduction in the number of integration steps. Due to the analytical result of Stiefel,7 and the numerical results presented here and elsewhere,9'12'13 it seems possible that the merits of the regularized equations of motion, as indicated in Fig. 1, may be extended to many other methods of integration and to the entire class of interplanetar y trajectories with planetary close approaches.


We consider the semiclassical quantization of two hyperbolic maps on torus, i.e., the baker's map and the sawtooth map. We demonstrate that for both maps, the semiclassical quantization scheme based on the Riemann–Siegel lookalike formula fails to yield its eigenvalues. The reason for this failure is that the truncation of the infinite series w.r.t. the periodic orbits cannot work for the quantized hyperbolic map on a torus. We show that for the baker's map, an alternative semiclassical quantization scheme including all periodic orbit contribution yields its eigenvalues with reasonable accuracy, although they are, in general, complex-valued. The same scheme for the sawtooth map is constructed.


We prove that the number of Siegel-reduced bases for a randomly chosen $n$-dimensional lattice becomes, for $n \rightarrow \infty$, tightly concentrated around its mean. We also show that most reduced bases behave as in the worst-case analysis of lattice reduction.
Comparing with experiment, these results suggest that most reduced bases will, in fact, "very rarely" occur as an output of lattice reduction. The concentration result is based on an analysis of the spectral theory of Eisenstein series and uses (probably in a removable way) the Riemann hypothesis.


The field of subject analysis enjoyed a flurry of interest in the 1970s, and has recently become a focus of attention again. The scholarly community doing work in this area has become more diffuse, and has grown to include new groups, such as information architects. Changes in information services and information seeking have led to reexamination of the nature and role of subject analysis tools and practices. This selective review looks at thesauri, guided navigation, and folksonomy as three activity areas in which subject analysis researchers have been attempting to address rapidly changing new environments.


As an important group of plant cellular organelles, the molecular mechanism of plastid division is poorly understood. Recent studies have revealed that the homologs of ftsZ gene, an essential prokaryotic cell division gene, are involved in plastid division process of plant cells. Antisense and sense expression constructions were employed to investigate the functions of the two ftsZ genes, NtFtsZ1 and NtFtsZ2, in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum L. plants. Although antisense expression of NtFtsZs reduced the native protein level obviously, the size and number of chloroplasts in transgenic tobacco plants had no effect. In contrast, overexpression of NtFtsZs in transgenic plants strikingly changed the number and morphology of chloroplasts. Even only 1-2 huge chloroplasts could be seen in the mesophyll cells of some overexpression transgenic plants. Analyses of chloroplast ultrastructures and chlorophyll content of different transgenic plants suggested that NtFtsZs gene have no direct influence on the normal development and function of chloroplasts. The changes in chloroplast morphology must be a compensation for the change in chloroplast number. The different phenotypes of chloroplasts in antisense and sense transgenic plants implied that different members from the same ftsZ gene family may have similar function in controlling plastid division. Meanwhile, the changes of chloroplast morphology in sense transgenic plants represented the possible plastoskeleton function of ftsZ in higher plant.


In this study, the performance of a hybrid decision system, Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) accompanied higher order spectra of snoring sounds, in identification of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), was performed. The method involves characterization of snore sounds through the Quadratic Phase Coupling (QPC) values emerged with the bispectrum analysis of signal. These phase dependent characteristics were basically classified through ELM. By this technique the OSAS and normal snore were identified in a high accuracy. This classification method was considered to help experts in making their final decisions. Keywords: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, extreme learning machine, bispectrum analysis, bicoherence;


Objective To study the RA(rheumatoid arthritis) in patients with MRI signal differences in the sequence. Methods Retrospective analysis of our hospital from 2008 September to 2014 May, clinical data of 73 patients with RA in our department examination as the study group, and 65 cases of healthy volunteers were selected in the control group the same time period, the study group patients with parietal axial scans were performed comparing the signal difference. Results the study group patients with dynamic enhanced MRI, tendon, joint capsule synovial pannus, compared with the control group, both showed thickening performance(P0.05),and the sequence of MRI signal were different(P0.05). Conclusion Dynamic enhanced MRI implementation of RA patients, the synovial membrane thickness, Slopemax, ERmax, TIC and other indicators, combined with early MRI features, can clear the pathological changes, and different sequence of MRI signal, has the features and characteristics of RA, the early diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and so on, have a very important clinical value, should be combined with the specific circumstances of patients, given the promotion.


The integrated crop–livestock system (ICLS) is a farming strategy that helps to sustain agrobiodiversity, ecosystem services, and restores environmental sustainability. Furthermore, ICLS provides food and nutritional security to the small and marginal farmers in developing nations. In this context a mass-balanced ecosystem model was constructed for a smallholder ICLS along the Indian west coast to analyze the agro-ecological performance in terms of sustainability, resource use, nutrient balance and recycling. Thirteen functional groups were defined in the ICLS model with trophic levels ranging from 1.00 (detritus and benthic nitrogen fixers) to 3.00 (poultry and ruminants). The total system throughput index was estimated to be 1134.9 kg N ha−1 year−1 of which 60% was from consumption, 15% from exports, 10% from respiration, and the remaining 15% eventually flowing into detritus. The gross efficiency of the ecosystem was estimated to 0.3, which indicated higher growth rates and low maintenance energy costs. The higher food self-sufficiency ration of 7.4 indicated the integration of crop–livestock as an imperative system to meet the food and nutritional requirement of the farm family. The indices such as system overhead (60%), Finn's cycling index (16.6) and mean path length (3.5) denoted that the ICLS is a small, resource-efficient, stable, maturing and sustainable ecosystem in terms of the ecosystem principles and recycling. The present model will serve as the first model on the ICLS from the humid tropics and will help in the evaluation of the other agro-ecological systems using the Ecopath modelling approach. In conclusion, farm intensification through crop and animal diversification has the highest impact on farm productivity, food self-sufficiency and resource-use-efficiency of the smallholder's livelihood security.


The utility model discloses a double-film method heavy metal waste water purification treatment reuse device which comprises a pretreatment system, an ultrafiltration system and a reverse osmosis (RO) system. The ultrafiltration system is connected with a water outlet end of the pretreatment system through a pipeline, and comprises an ultrafiltration device. The RO system is connected with a water outlet end of the ultrafiltration system through the pipeline. The ultrafiltration device comprises at least one ultrafiltration film assembly which comprises a sealing shell body, a filter chamber and a water generation chamber, wherein the filter chamber and the water generation chamber are arranged in the sealing shell body, and are formed through separation of the sealing shell body through a sealing layer inside the sealing shell body. An ultrafiltration film is arranged in the sealing shell body, and a water outlet end of the ultrafiltration film is communicated with the water generation chamber. The double-film method heavy metal waste water purification treatment device can effectively eliminate various impurities and pollutants in the heavy metal waste water, and has the advantages of efficiency, no phase-transition, simple equipment, energy conservation, convenient operation, no secondary pollution, and the like, and purified waste water can meets the requirement of being reused.


Rail wear in a curved track costs significant amount of maintenance efforts every year. The rail wear is affected by such parameters as train speed, curve radius, and insufficient cant. However, while the effect of train speed and curve radius to the rail wear is relatively well-known, the effect of the insufficient cant has not analytically researched sufficiently. In this paper, the effect of the insufficient cant on rail wear is studied using a multibody dynamics program, the Vi-Rail. The multibody analysis is performed using an EMU train model being operated in the urban railway. The hard track is utilized in the analysis. To identify the relationship between rail wear and insufficient cant. the wear analysis is conducted for various train speeds and curve radius based on the Archard model built in the Vi-Rail program. The analysis result reveals that, as the insufficient cant increases, the vertical and horizontal wear of the outer rail increases, but the wear of the inner rail does not show distinct trend.


The interconnected operation of multiple microgrids can effectively deal with the power fluctuation caused by largescale distributed power supply access, and enhance the anti-interference ability of the system. A distributed autonomous coordinated control strategy is proposed for AC-DC hybrid multi-microgrid system. This strategy can reduce the dependence on communication system, realize power exchange among subgrids, and reduce the voltage or frequency offset of each subgrid effectively. Firstly, the reference voltage or frequency of each subgrid is established by the energy storage unit. Then, the bidirectional DC-DC converter (BDDC) or bidirectional AC-DC converter (BADC) of each subgrid adjusts the power output to ensure the reasonable power distribution of the system. Finally, the AC-DC hybrid multi-microgrid system simulation model was established in PSCAD/EMTDC, and different working conditions were simulated and verified. The simulation results show that the control strategy can realize the coordinated operation of multiple microgrids.


Inverted papilloma (IP) is considered a rare benign sinonasal lesion, which is usually presented in adults. The presentation of IP is usually a unilateral nasal obstruction. IPs in the pediatric age group are quite rare as only a few cases were reported. This review aims to increase the awareness of IP to consider this entity in the diagnosis of unilateral nasal obstruction in children. This study was a review of 10 articles which reported the occurrence of IPs in children. Data include age, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment which were extracted and analyzed. The total number of cases was 12. The mean age of all cases was 10.5 years. The majority were male (66%). The main presenting symptom of all cases was nasal obstruction along with other nasal symptoms. The majority of the patients were treated by surgical excision of the lesion. Most of the cases 6 (50%) used endoscopic sinus surgery, and 5 (41%) of them were managed by lateral rhinotomy with or without medial maxillectomy. Follow-up showed that 7 (58%) of the cases did not document any recurrence of the disease. The reoccurrence occurred in 5 (41%) of the cases within the 1st year after the management. IPs can arise in the pediatric age group and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unilateral nasal obstruction. It is diagnosed and treated likewise in adults.


Abstract This article was first conceived as a commemorative address for the centenary of the extinction of the Habsburg monarchy, which occurred in November 1918. It seeks to take a correspondingly broad view, geographically and chronologically, of the factors that occasioned that collapse. It addresses three main themes, structured loosely around three classic historiographical analyses of the monarchy as a whole. The great irony of the last phase of Habsburg rule in Central Europe is that it was undermined by precisely those elements in the politics and society of the region that seemed, on the face of things, to derive most advantage from it. The article concentrates on the long-term dysfunctionality caused by the evolution of the Hungarian and German problems, and by the progressive enfeeblement of dynastic institutions. It also engages more briefly with a countervailing phenomenon, that some of those interests most conspicuously spurned by central government might have been the readiest to rescue it. On the argument presented here, World War I, which finally brought the monarchy low, was a catalyst rather than an independent determiner of that outcome.


This quality improvement study evaluates whether pediatric intensive care units sustained reduced blood culture rates after participation in the Bright STAR collaborative from 2017 to 2020.


We introduce our technology for in-situ liquid phase studies inside the Transmission Electron Microscope. The system relies on a Micro Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS)-based device as a smart sample carrier, which contains an integrated set of biasing electrodes (i.e. to perform liquid biasing, or bio-electrochemical studies) or an integrated microheater (i.e. to perform liquid heating experiments). These capabilities enable in-situ pharmaceutical and life science studies.


All rights reserved. No part of this series may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior written permission of the publisher. Abstract We consider the problem of coordinating autonomous agents that have to perform a joint task. This joint task consists of a set of elementary tasks, partially ordered by a set of precedence constraints. Each agent is assigned (using some given task allocation protocol) a subset of the available tasks. We assume that agents wish to be fully independent during the planning process, yet they are dependent on each other because of the precedences between tasks allocated to different agents. In this paper we concentrate on the following coordination problem: how to offer complete autonomy for the participating agents in planning their part of the tasks, while at the same time guaranteeing that the individually constructed feasible plans (whatever they may be) are fully respected in constructing the joint plan. As we will see, this problem comes down to finding a minimal set of additional constraints (a coordination set) such that after adding these constraints a combined plan for executing all tasks can be achieved by simply joining whatever plans have been developed by the individual agents. We show that this problem can be decomposed into two subproblems: verifying that a given set of additional constraints is a coordination set, i.e., allows agents to plan independently (the coordination verification problem), and finding out whether a coordination set is of minimal size (the minimal coordination problem). We will show that the coordination verification problem alone is co-NP-complete. In the general case, if the only dependencies are precedence constraints between tasks, the coordination problem is Σ p 2-complete; if we also allow simultaneity constraints between tasks (i.e., constraints specifying that tasks may not be performed simultaneously), then the coordination problem is Π p 3-complete. Even rather simple cases of the coordination problem turn out to be intractable and we show that it is very unlikely that constant-ratio approximation algorithms for this problem exist even if each agent has only a trivial planning task to perform.


To compare hysterectomy by transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) versus total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) as a day‐care procedure.


POSSESSION (II) acknowledges the distinct lineage of heavily theorised notions of appropriation from Anglophone art critical contexts. The project moves through an expanded set of concerns including internet and network cultures, conflicts of current and outmoded technologies of image production and contemporary visual art from disparate cultural and national contexts. Central to the two iterations of the exhibition is the idea that different versions of the exhibition format can possess and re-possess the objects of its own inquiry: the ideological and aesthetic instrumentality of forms, critically intrinsic and extrinsic relationships for contemporary art, and comparative questions of an artist?s agency in making and re-making visual and material culture. POSSESSION (II) highlights the question of whether cultural and national comparisons provide a basis for considering what appropriation is and can do; and what exchange might mean in an international context of different and competing markets. Artists include; Andrew Bracey, Chan Dany, Michael Day, Doug Fishbone, Lesley Guy, Steve Hawley, Maud Haya-Baviera, Viet Le, Michael Lee, Olivia Notaro, Manuel Ocampo, Julia Schwadron, Chris Shaw-Hughes, Andrew Spackman.


This research will raise a system of how to plan an early warning system for floods in areas around rivers, or what is commonly called an Early Warning System (EWS) to prevent flooding around rivers. This early warning system is built with hardware that uses the ESP 32 microcontroller to control the level of water release from the dam and select the floodgates to be opened automatically. Ultrasonic sensors are used to detect water levels, IOT modules are used to provide quick information to officers. The object of this research was carried out at the Gerak Pamarayan Dam, a dam that controls the two largest rivers in Banten, namely Ciujung and Ciberang. Two rivers flow in two districts in the Banten area. The method used in this study is the Prototype method. And the expected result of this research is to create an early warning system for overflowing river water that measures the water level of the river automatically and automatically reports the water level that is at the threshold to the officers and what is equally important is that this system can also prevent flooding due to overflow by how to open the floodgates automatically when the river water level is beyond the normal height threshold.


Favorable effects of organic wastes on soil characteristics are capable of permitting a sustainable agriculture. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of organic compost from two agri-industrial wastes on soil fertility and productivity of corn and wheat in Astorga County, northwestern Paraná, Brazil. The organic compost had components from the gelatin industry, which uses bovine chips and shavings by-products from the tannery industry and by-products (filter cake and plant straws) from the sugarcane industry. The experimental design was randomized complete block with eight treatments and four replications. Only the wheat had increased productivity, and there was no response to doses above 25 t ha−1. Not all levels of organic compost affected the soil electrical conductivity.


An electrodeless method for determining electrical conductivity at various frequencies is presented. Two sinusoidal magnetic fields of equal amplitude and a constant phase displacement of 180 degrees are balanced, and the resultant eddy current field perturbation produced by the insertion of a sample in a specified region of the system is measured. A mathematical expression relating the conductivity of the sample to the circuit parameters is derived and tested on a system of equivalent 'sample loops' whose conductivities are known for annuli of samples placed in the position of the same loop. Also presented are preliminary results obtained for determination of conductivities of aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid by the 'difference-field method'.


• Popular RTC applications pose strict requirements on end-to-end latency • E.g., cloud video gaming, video conferencing, remote surgery ... • High variations of mobile "last mile" greatly impact the path condition • A common solution: Send data redundantly on multiple paths • E.g., when the condition of a path worsens, • Congestion control, AQM ... × • Duplicate data on another path (in good condition) √ Background APNet 2021 – 5th Asia-Pacific Workshop on Networking. Jun 24, 2021, Shenzhen, China.


The relationship between surgeon and anaesthetist has traditionally been a topic discussedmore in the coffee room than in the groves of academe. Such debate can be serious at best, inflammatory at worst, and occasionally humorous. However, what has become increasingly clear in the last 20 years is that good teamwork is essential to keep patients safe and to offer them the best care, powered by mutual respect, strengthened by multidisciplinary meetings and discussions, and formalised by standard operating procedures and guidelines. It would be unusual nowadays to see an organisation like the Association of Anaesthetists publish one of its famed guidelines without seeking full participation and input from all other relevant areas of expertise, and so it should come as no surprise that in producing its latest guidance, on regional analgesia for lower limb trauma and the risk of acute compartment syndrome (ACS), the British Orthopaedic Association (BOA) was represented in the working party from the outset [1]. As a result, it was expected that, when the final document went to the BOA, it would be welcomed. In fact, the opposite happened, and the BOA leadership felt unable to endorse what their representative had initially supported. While there may have been some procedural issues involved in this unsatisfactory outcome, it leaves unresolved thematter that prompted the formation of the working party in the first place. This was the apparent tension between provision of effective postoperative pain relief, especially when provided in the form of a nerve block, and the ability to rapidly recognise the increase in compartment pressure that heralds the feared complication of ACS [2–4]. Along with other signs, the onset of ACS is heralded by increasing pain, especially on passive stretch of the affected muscle compartment and loss of motor function, and these are regarded as the most sensitive indicators of ischaemia. It is often believed that a nerve block can prevent detection of these early warning signs and this has led to some surgeons 'banning' such procedures [5], despite there being nothing but the most anecdotal evidence available to support this stance. Indeed, some go further and even warn against the use of patient-controlled opioid analgesia in patients recovering from surgery for lower limb fractures. It can be argued that there is no place in modern medicine for any early warning system which relies on the patient being left without adequate pain relief, and such an approach is certainly incompatible with basic human rights [6]. It goes directly against the raison d'être of most anaesthetists to leave patients in pain, and it was the consequent potential for conflict between orthopaedic surgeon and anaesthetist, with the patient as the 'piggy in the middle' which led to the working party being formed. Unfortunately, it seems that this initiative has, for the


The Windowed means paradigm is a method for slow-changing cortical potentials feature extraction, most importantly in reaction to events. It has been successfully used for various brain-computer interfaces. The objective of this paper was to evaluate if this paradigm is also appropriate for P300 brain-computer interfaces. The modified method was tested on five healthy subjects. The optimal selection of parameters was discussed. The Windowed means paradigm was successful for the P300 detection on the testing data-set.


In this letter, we introduce two new forms of uncertainty relations by extending the usual Heisenberg algebra with higher terms. Within these scenarios, at first, we study the Unruh temperature. We find that the Unruh temperature increases in one of the new forms while it decreases in the other form. Next, we explore the thermodynamic properties of a Schwarzschild black hole by relying on these two new forms of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation. We present the modifications in the mass-temperature, specific heat, and entropy functions of the black hole according to the extension parameters.


The invention relates to contact strips for electrolysis cells, the contact strips consisting of a titanium strip which has been coated with a layer of nickel containing 0 to 10 wt.-% vanadium by way of physical vapour deposition.


Policing has become increasingly associated with what the police do by academics, practitioners and policy makers. Yet there is a wide range of individuals and organisations, other than the police, engaged in policing. These include other public bodies such as Customs and Excise, trading standards officers, vigilantes and private security firms to name a few. One of the most significant of these is the latter. This paper assesses the contribution of private security to policing by analysing some of the main activities undertaken and comparing them to those pursued by the police. It also argues that private security is under-researched in comparison to the police, particularly given the significant roles that are undertaken. It also argues private security is under-utilised in its potential contribution to policing and crime prevention. Finally, the paper considers how private security is often underestimated when some of the potential causes for concern are considered.


Human β‐defensins comprise a large number of peptides that play a functional role in the innate and adaptive immune system. Recently, clusters of new β‐defensin genes with predominant expression in testicular tissue have been discovered on different chromosomes by bioinformatics. β‐Defensins share a common pattern of three disulfides that are essential for their biological effects. Here we report for the first time the chemical synthesis of the new fully disulfide‐bonded β‐defensins hBD‐27 and hBD‐28, and compare the results with synthetic procedures to obtain the known hBD‐2 and hBD‐3. While hBD‐27 was readily converted into a product with the desired disulfide pattern by oxidative folding, hBD‐28 required a selective protective group strategy to introduce the three disulfide bonds. The established synthetic processes were applied to the synthesis of hBD‐2, which, like hBD‐27, was accessible by oxidative folding, whereas hBD‐3 required a selective strategy comparable to hBD‐28. Experimental work demonstrated that trityl, acetamidomethyl, and t‐butyl are superior to other protection strategies. However, the suitable pairwise arrangement of the protective groups can be different, as shown here for hBD‐3 and hBD‐28. Determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration against different bacteria revealed that hBD‐27, in contrast to other β‐defensins tested, has virtually no antimicrobial activity. Compared to the other peptides tested, hBD‐27 showed almost no cytotoxic activity, measured by hemoglobin release of erythrocytes. This might be due to the low positive net charge, which is significantly higher for hBD‐2, hBD‐3, and hBD‐28. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci), 2005


In this study, a method to estimate grasping state and object of a flat shell gripper with single capacitance-based sensor is presented. The strain and proximity are measured by using a single capacitance-based soft sensor. In the proposed method, the sensor is connected to an LCR meter and high and low frequency AC are applied. The strain of the sensor is estimated from the capacitance measured at low frequencies, while the proximity of an object with high permittivity is estimated from the capacitance measured at high frequencies. The appropriate frequencies to measure strain and proximity were found experimentally. The proposed measurement method is then employed to determine whether a soft gripper succeeded in grasping the object and whether the grasped object is the target object. The validation results show that, our method succeeded in correctly estimating all the required aspects using a single capacitance-based soft sensor, including identifying whether a grasp was conducted successfully or not and, if successful, whether the desired target object was grasped.


Monique Truong's second novel, Bitter in the Mouth (2010), enacts the Gothic literary tradition of the American South on a transnational and transcultural scale. Reviewers frequently locate the novel within the US South's literary history, noting its many allusions to Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird (1960) and comparing it to the work of writers Carson McCullers, William Faulkner, and Flannery O'Connor (Hoffman; Shea 52; Steelman). As part of the Southern Gothic tradition, Truong's novel demonstrates the continuing presence of the past, the lasting significance of place, and the weight of familial heritage. It conveys a pervading sense of mystery, and it underscores the emotional scars caused by hushed realities, many of which include those of repeated violence. Also central to the Southern Gothic is the legacy of slavery in the United States, and the tradition often rehearses the black-white racial binary that haunts the Deep South and its history of institutionalized racial slavery. As Meredith Miller writes, the Southern Gothic "makes it clear that racial categorisation, specifically, the otherness of black Americans, is necessary to the Gothic structure of this [southern] identity" (134). Truong tells reviewer Renee H. Shea, however, that Bitter in the Mouth is both grounded in and a "reimagining" of the Southern Gothic (52). This "reimagining" aligns the Vietnamese American novelist with the increasing number of critics, such as Suzanne W. Jones, Sharon Monteith, Jon Smith, and Deborah Cohn, who consider the American South not as an isolated region defined only in relation to the US North but as a locus within a multi-ethnic, transnational framework. Bitter in the Mouth calls for critical attention because it reveals within the frame of the Southern Gothic the entangled histories of not one South but two: the American South and the Global South. I tease out these connections to locate the history of the US South—and ultimately that of the United States at large— within transnational spheres grounded in narratives that justify the suffering of specific peoples, with particular attention to the experiences of black Americans, Native Americans, and Asian Americans in the southern United


The invention relates to the technical field of healthcare wine and particularly relates to peony kidney-nourishing wine and a preparation method thereof. The peony kidney-nourishing wine is prepared from the following raw materials: peony, poria, Chinese yam, fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae, wolfberry, chrysanthemum, polygonatum sibiricum, cortex cinnamomi and glutinous rice. According to the peony kidney-nourishing wine, the peony is taken as the raw material, and no chemical substance or Western medicine component is added, so that the symptoms of the deficiencies of kidney yang and yin can be improved, the defect that healthcare wine in the market only can tonify yang but cannot nourish yin is made up, and the healthcare wine is no longer limited in male groups and is suitable for female groups. Furthermore, by adjusting kidneys by virtue of the peony kidney-nourishing wine, the sub-health status caused by the deficiency of the kidney is well conditioned; the peony kidney-nourishing wine has good smell, flavor and taste.


This article analyses the main factors that influence stock price volatility. The author offers a three‐stage system for explaning a set of stock price volatility factors. The main point is to pay attention to investor's psychology as the main factor of price volatility. For practical analysis the returns of the OMXV index and stock prices of the Lithuanian stock market are taken and applied to a set of GARCH models. The main idea is to choose the best of the general autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity models (GARCH) for OMXV index and all sectors. All models are ranged according to their ability to model stock price return. The main tendencies of the Lithuanian stock market are also analysed in this article by highlighting the leverage effect.


The title of the book under review might suggest to some readers that it is a translation of the collection of essays Greimas published under the title Du sens, in 1970. However, the fourteen essays that make up this book have been drawn from three different collections by Greimas. Only four of the essays come from Du sens; six come from Du sens II (1983); and the balance from Semiotique et sciences sociales (1976). In addition to these fourteen essays, the book contains a Foreword by Fredric Jameson, a Translators' Note, and an Introduction by the senior translator, Paul Perron. There is also a brief index and four pages of notes at the end of the book; a page and a half of these are notes to the preface and introduction. Some of the notes to Greimas's essays are interpolations by the translators. If Greimas himself had any hand in the selection of essays, this fact is nowhere indicated; presumably, Perron is primarily responsible for the selection. In discussing this book, I will first consider it as a presentation of Greimas's work, rather than as a work by Greimas himself. This will entail comments on such matters as the introductory material, the choice of essays to be translated, and the quality of the translation. One major issue that derives from a critique of the translation concerns the notion of signification. I will conclude with a discussion of Greimas's conception of semiotics, in which his notion of the 'semiotic square' plays a central role. Let us turn first to a consideration of the essays chosen to be included in On Meaning. In their note, the translators state that Our task was to make a selection of Professor Greimas's writing accessible to anglophone readers for whom the original French is too difficult' (p. xxiii). People who are monolingual in English would find any French 'too difficult'. Due to the technical nature of Greimas's writings, however, the ability to read


Sleep disorders, especially primary insomnia, start an important demand of assistance of the Health Services. Psychological treatments, without the undesirable effects of pharmacology treatments, are more expensive and longer than these. The object of this Program was to develop a therapeutic and educative set to treat primary insomnia, to be applicated to a group of patients and in a short time


Purpose – This paper seeks to examine the factors which influence the ability of SMEs to align their enterprise‐planning systems with the requirements and constraints of supply chain relationships in order to meet their own and their customers' strategic and operational requirements. The objectives are to: identify the range of trading relationships that exist between an SME in the manufacturing sector and its customers and suppliers; examine the implications of these external relationships for the SME's internal enterprise‐planning system; develop a composite framework of enterprise planning and supply chain management which allows manufacturing SMEs to understand how these interact and can be aligned.Design/methodology/approach – The paper develops a composite framework that allows first‐ or second‐tier manufacturing SMEs to identify the types of relationships in which they are involved and how they can understand and address their internal arrangements in order to meet their external obligations. In de...


High voltage photovoltaic (PV) systems are affected by potential induced degradation (PID). PID detection by conventional data analysis methods could take a long time, leading to unnoticed energy loss. If PID is detected at an early stage, energy loss could be avoided by taking appropriate measures. This paper presents a new method for detecting PID at an early stage (< 1% power loss). The method is based on low-current DC signals and, hence, it could be implemented in a low-cost sensor. The method was tested experimentally on standard multi-cell crystalline silicon PV modules and successfully detected PID before 1% power loss.


To investigate the influence of micro-cracks (including formation and growing) on mechanical and damping capacity, the grooved (with two dimensions) and non-grooved Al plates were subjected to cold roll bonding (CRB). Microscopic morphology, tensile and damping test of the experimental materials were investigated. Due to uneven stress distribution, the edges of grooves were heavily inclined in the normal direction (ND), and the grooves were changed into micro-cracks with the sizes of a few to a dozen microns. Mechanical properties of the Al sheet with micro-cracks were decreased, which further lowered with micro-cracks growing. There were two internal friction peaks for the Al sheet with micro-cracks, which mainly attributed to the stronger local stress and local plastic deformation around the micro-cracks.


Experiments on the influence of flat isolated square and diamond shaped roughness elements on the mean and pulsation characteristics of the boundary layer on a flat plate and a swept wing of comparable size are conducted. The shape of stickers has almost no effect on the mass flow pulsation amplitude in the trace of roughness. The relative "receptivity" of the three-dimensional (3D) boundary layer to stationary perturbations is approximately 1.5 times greater than the "receptivity" of the twodimensional (2D) boundary layer. The presence of roughness on the disturbance source line changes the pulsation spectra in 2D/3D boundary layer compared to the spectra in boundary layer on smooth surface.


We present a model where increasing employee participation in stock option scheme leads to higher performance but with a cost to shareholders. We show that firms with higher market values per employee are more likely to have option schemes and they offer stock options to a broader group of employees. The model yields empirical predictions that are consistent with the stock option boom of late 1990s and their reduced popularity after the stock market downfall. JEL Classification: J33, M52


High risk on pregnancy is a condition in which mother's soul and helath and the infant is threateneA, fire fact shows that there are many pregnant mothers who do not know about the high risk on pregnancy which is caused by the low knowledge and attitude. Experience and research shows that attitude which is enrinched by knowledge will be long lasting than the attitude which is not enriched by the knowledge' That is, this study, is purposed to know the relation between knowledge and attitude on preganat mothers on the high risk of pregnancy. This study uses observasional method which is analytic by using cross sectional design and non probability approach. And the population of this study is the pregnant mothers who visit Amelia hospital in Gedangan, Sidoarjo with the sample is 50 respondents by using total sampling technique and questionairre instrument and Likert scale. And the analysis is done by using Chi-Square test. The result of this study showed that there were L6 respondnets (32%) have enough knowledge and having positive attitude, while 1,3 respondnets (26oh) were havinlg low knowledge and having negative attitude. Then the Chi-Square test sltotvccl that significance -rrl was s : 0,0i by using SPSS 14,448 and the x2 tabte = 5,99; so that x2 test ) X2 table. It could be concluded that Ho was rejected which meant that there was a relation between knowledge and attitude of the prenant mothers on high risk of pregnancy, So it was hoped th"t th. midwives or the other medical practitioners should be able giving knowledge on high risk of preganancy to the pregnant mothers


The study of hyperon resonances has entered a new era of precision with advent of high‐statistics photoproduction data from the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab and elsewhere. These data have multi‐particle final states, allowing clean identification of exclusive reactions associated with strange mesons and baryons. In this paper, cross sections for K* photoproduction are presented that will provide a future test of the existence of the purported K0(800) meson via comparison with theoretical models.