The use of Compressed Sensing (CS) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques in Machine Vision (MV) is an area of significant research interest. It is especially promising in the area of image free MV, where one deliberately skips the image reconstruction step and performs the information extraction directly on a set of highly compressed raw data, as provided e.g. through CS schemes. These approaches tend to perform well on simplified data sets where there is a single object to detect with otherwise little background. To make them useful in practice, they need to be able to detect multiple objects from this raw data. In this work, we present an expansion to our own DL based detection scheme that satisfies this condition. Its defining feature is that it works without requiring extra data acquisition steps compared to the single object case. We will discuss trainability and robustness aspects as well as the mathematical background that enables the concept. Finally, we will show this implementation in action.


Objective To assess the effectivess and safety of Shenkang capsule in the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis (Qiyinliangxu Syndrome). Methods A double blind, double dummy and randomized controlled method was adopted. A total of 96 patients were randomized to the treatment group (Shenkang capsule, 2 capsules, twice a day) and the control group (Shenyankang capsule, 2 capsules, twice a day). The therapeutic course for both groups was 2 months. Results All the results were analyzed on the basis of intention-to-treat(ITT) and per-protocol-population(PP). For effect of chronic glomerulonephritis in the treatment group, the clinical control rates were 12.86% (9/70) with ITT analysis and 14.75% (9/61) with PP analysis; the good improvement rates were 12.86% (9/70) with ITT analysis and 14.75% (9/61) with PP analysis; the total effective rates were 48.58% (34/70) and 55.73% (34/61). In the control group, the clinical control rates were 4.17% (1/24) with ITT analysis and 5.00% (1/20) with PP analysis respectively; the good improvement rates were 4.17% (1/24) with ITT analysis and 5.00% (1/20) with PP analysis respectively; the total effective rates were 45.83% (11/24) with ITT analysis and 55.00% (11/20) with PP analysis. There was no statistical difference between the two groups (P0.05). For Qiyinliangxu syndrome improvement, in the treatment group, the clinical control rate and good improvement rate were 18.57% (13/70) with ITT analysis and 21.31% (13/61) with PP analysis respectively; the total effective rates were 81.43% (57/70) with ITT analysis and 93.44% (57/61) with PP analysis respectively; In the control group, the clinical control rate and good improvement rate were 20.84% (5/24) with ITT analysis and 25.00% (5/20) with PP analysis respectively; the total effective rates were 75.00% (18/24) with ITT analysis and 85.00% (17/20) with PP analysis respectively. The results showed no statistical difference between the two groups (P0.05). No adverse effects were found. Conclusions No statistical difference was detected between Shengkang capsule and Shenyan capsule groups.No obvious toxic adverse effects were found.


This study was performed to assess the validity of various techniques to predict crack initiation loads and maximum loads for circumferentially through-wall-cracked pipes under pure bending. Experimental data were developed for both carbon steel and stainless steel pipes. Predictions of crack initiation and maximum loads were made using the net-section-collapse method, three different J-estimation schemes, and the British R6 method. The net-section-collapse method gave good maximum-load predictions for certain types of pipe; however, for large diameter and/or low toughness pipe this analysis method tended to overpredict the experimental maximum load. A plastic-zone screening criterion was developed to show when this method was valid and when elastic-plastic fracture mechanics should be used. In the J-estimation scheme analyses, sensitivity studies were conducted to assess the fit of the Ramberg-Osgood coefficients, as well as the use of deformation J and modified J (J/sub M/) crack growth resistance curves. The results showed that the GE/EPRI estimation scheme underpredicted the experimental loads by the greatest amount. The LBB.NRC and Paris methods gave more accurate predictions. The GE/EPRI method was also found to be more sensitive to the fit of the stress-strain curve than the LBB.NRC method. The R6 method underpredicted the failure loads for allmore » cases. For maximum load predictions, the GE/EPRI method still underpredicted the experimental load when the J/sub M/ resistance curve was used. The other methods occasionally overpredicted the maximum load using J/sub M/-resistance curve.« less


Vertical nanowire SGFETs (Surrounding Gate Field Effect Transistors) provide full gate control over the channel to eliminate short channel effects. This paper presents design and characterization of a differential pair amplifier using NMOS and PMOS SGFETs with a 10㎚ channel length and a 2㎚ channel radius. The amplifier dissipates 5㎼ power and provides 5㎔ bandwidth with a voltage gain of 16, a linear output voltage swing of 0.5V, and a distortion better than 3% from a 1.8V power supply and a 20aF capacitive load. The 2nd and 3rd order harmonic distortions of the amplifier are -40㏈m and -52㏈m, respectively, and the 3rd order intermodulation is -24㏈m for a two-tone input signal with 10㎷ amplitude and 10㎓ frequency spacing. All these parameters indicate that vertical nanowire surrounding gate transistors are promising candidates for the next generation high speed analog and VLSI technologies.


Chapter 8J$ appropriates to the Water Policy Commission the sum of $25,000. This Commission was appointed by the legislature of 1925 to make a report on the water situation in New Jersey. Chapter 843 is an amendment to the Water Supply District Act providing for the confirmation by the Senate of the appointment of members to the District Commissions proposed by the Governor. Chapter ВЦ. gives to the Water Policy Commission power on behalf of the State of New Jersey to negotiate with commissioners for New York and Pennsylvania regarding the development and utilization of the waters of the Delaware River and its tributaries. Chapter 845 gives to the Water Policy Commission power on behalf of the State of New Jersey to meet with commissioners for the State of New York to investigate and report upon the development and utilization of the water resources of the interstate streams of the two states other than the Delaware River. Favorable action was taken by the Legislature on a proposed amendment to the Constitution giving to the Legislature power to establish water supply districts, sewerage districts, drainage districts, and meadow reclamation districts; providing for the appointment of commissioners for such districts to carry out the projects in any of these matters for a particular district, and also conferring powers of taxation, assessment and bond issue. This requires favorable action by the Legislature of 1927 and also favorable vote by the electorate at a following special election before the amendment becomes effective.


Recently there has been interest in the physical properties of dark matter axion condensates. Due to gravitational attraction and self-interactions, they can organize into spatial localized clumps, whose properties were examined by us in refs. [1, 2]. Since the axion condensate is coherently oscillating, it can conceivably lead to parametric resonance of photons, leading to exponential growth in photon occupancy number and subsequent radio wave emission. We show that while resonance always exists for spatially homogeneous condensates, its existence for a spatially localized clump condensate depends sensitively on the size of clump, strength of axion-photon coupling, and field amplitude. By decomposing the electromagnetic field into vector spherical harmonics, we are able to numerically compute the resonance from clumps for arbitrary parameters. We find that for spherically symmetric clumps, which are the true BEC ground states, the resonance is absent for conventional values of the QCD axion-photon coupling, but it is present for axions with moderately large couplings, or into hidden sector photons, or from scalar dark matter with repulsive interactions. We extend these results to non-spherically symmetric clumps, organized by finite angular momentum, and find that even QCD axion clumps with conventional couplings can undergo resonant decay for sufficiently large angular momentum. We discuss possible astrophysical consequences of these results, including the idea of a pile-up of clump masses and rapid electromagnetic emission in the sky from mergers.


The clinical incidence of female pseudohermaphroditism is low,but the etiology and clinical manifestations are complicacy,how to improve clinical outcome and restore the patients fertility are our treatment difficult points.This paper attached with a report of two sisters who both suffered from female pseudohermaphroditism followed-up by our reproductive center,discussed and analyzed the etiology,diagnose,treatment,follow-up and adjust after pregnant,in order to provide reference for improve clinical outcome and restore the patients fertility.


Illustrated entirely from the British Library's collections and published in conjunction with the major exhibition on the Mughals at the British Library, this book presents a narrative of Indian history from the 16th to the 19th century but also embraces architecture, gardens, warfare, the lives of women, cultural contact and the development of the Indian miniature, the rapid development of the British presence in India. It is based primarily on sources such as the autobiographies of emperors and the accounts by Italian, French and British travellers to India during the period.


Supriya Sengupta FLOODS occur in rivers. Before we can understand why rivers flood we must know what rivers are and how do they behave. Rivers originate out of the natural hydrological cycle. Clouds generated by evaporation of water in the sea are drawn into the land. These clouds cause precipitation in the form of snow at high altitude and as rain at lower altitude. A large proportion of the precipitation that takes place on land finds its way back into the atmosphere through evaporation and transpiration. The rest flows into the sea mostly as surface run off through streams. A small part of water also percolates into the ground and flows to the sea as ground water. This, of course, is a very general picture. The actual amount of surface run-off responsible for movement of water in streams varies from place to place depending on various factors — local, regional, and global. However, the net amount of water involved in this cycle has not changed ever since the earth, with its solid, liquid and gaseous parts, came into existence more than 4000 million years ago. Needless to mention that terrestrial life would not have been possible without this hydrological cycle. Two types of rivers originate out of this hydrological process: 1. the perennial rivers which are snow fed, and 2. the ephemeral rivers which are dependent wholly on rainfall in the catchment area. Formerly Professor of Geology at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur. The Ganga and the Brahmaputra are good examples of perennial rivers. The Damodar and Ajay are examples of ephemeral rivers. The pattern of drainage network, which develops out of the foregoing process, is schematically represented in fig.1. The bigger loop in this diagram is called the contributing (C) net. Many tributaries, big and small, contribute to the water discharge of the principal river within this net. The smaller loop is the distributing (D) net. Dis-


rehabilitation hospital. He had a modified Rankin Scale To the Editor: Bilateral medial medullary infarction [1] (MMI) is a rare stroke subtype. It usually leads to score of four at 3 months after symptom onset. quadriplegia, sensory disturbance, hypoglossal palsy, bulbar paralysis, etc. We encountered a patient with rapidly progressive tetraparesis and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) exhibited a "heart appearance" sign in the bilateral ventral medulla. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) demonstrated that the left vertebral artery (VA) was hypoplastic and there was an atherosclerotic stenosis in the V4 segment.


The steam generation system (24) is (D) for a domestic appliance provided and includes at least one water supply (28), at least one evaporator (3), in particular flow heater, the (28) from the water supply can be supplied with liquid, and at least one water passage control means (15 ) by means of which a stream of water (from the water supply 28) can be controlled to the evaporator (3) on. The steam generation system (24) further extends at least partially on a wall (RW) of the household appliance (D) and there has a substantially V-shaped to U-shaped course on. The method serves for mounting of a steam generating system, wherein the at least one evaporator (3) and at least one other element (28) of the steam generating system (24) on a common assembly carrier (25) are mounted, and the following (the mounting bracket (25) to a wall RW ) of the household appliance (D) is fixed.


Artificial life and artificial intelligence are combined and applied to computer animation. In the computer animation created by artificial life, some behaviors of artificial life in virtual environment are pre-defined by programmers, and some are nondeterministic arise at random. Artificial fish is researched as an example, and a cognitive model of the nondeterministic behaviors of intelligent life is presented. The subset searching mechanism is used to improve the searching efficiency. It is shown by the simulation example that with help of the cognitive model, intelligent life is capable of handling some nondeterministic events.


3 List of Tables 6 List of Figures 7 Chapter 1: Introduction 8 Environmental Ed.: A History 9 Political (Un)Sustainability 12 Research Question 13 Chapter 2: Literature Review 15 Changing the Paradigm 16 Change Strategies and Canons 19 Efforts on the Ground 22 A Call to Action 24 Chapter 3: Methodology 27 Snapshot: Hocking College 29 Snapshot: the Ohio University Regional System 30 Data Collection 32 Significance 35 Chapter 4: Campus Case Studies 36 The Kanawha Project 36 Lancaster 40 Chillicothe 45 Southern 50 Hocking College 58 Chapter 5: Synthesis 72 Hypothesis Testing 72 Conclusions 87 Bibliography 91 Appendix A: Syllabus: Exploring Sustainability Management 95 Appendix B: Hocking Student Survey 102 Appendix C: Suggested Revisions to Hocking Science Success Skill 105 5 Appendix D: JCCC Student Sustainability Awareness and Perception Survey 107 6 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Three Approaches to the Kanawha Project 39 7 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: The OU Regional Campus System 31 8 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Sustainability – as it will be treated in this thesis – by definition and in practice is about "[creating] a civilization that can live...and proposer for long periods of time without undermining either natural ecosystems or the human ecosystem, meaning the complex, interwoven social systems of which civilization is built" (Goerner, Dyck, & Lagerroos, 2008, p. 31). But how do we teach society to rethink the progression of the last century, to reconsider the unity between their livelihoods and their ecosystems? We take for granted that campuses of higher education in the U.S., the institutions that will form eager minds and characters into productive and socially responsible citizens, would be the obvious and essential sites for enabling this transition. And we assume our students could indeed become the founders of a sustainable society, "one that can persist over generations, one that is far-seeing enough, flexible enough, and wise enough not to undermine either its physical or social systems of support" (Meadows, Meadows, & Randers, 1992 quoted in Sterling, 2001, p. 13). While attending these institutions, the 18 million students presently enrolled in the U.S. are in a position to reconsider their future careers and their places in the world (Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education {AASHE}, 2010). Think: careers that contribute to a stable, green economy, prioritizing efficiency, cradle to cradle production and renewable resources, and individual and societal awareness that reflects the interconnected relationships between human and natural systems. Many colleges and universities have begun to examine their infrastructure and processes, realizing their own aggregate impact on the planet. There is also an 9 opportunity here to inject lessons for students not only about individual choices, but also about the interconnectedness of their world. Environmental Ed.: A History The recognition of the importance of environmental education is in no way new. In fact there have been a number of national and international proclamations calling for environmental education. In the U.S., the Environmental Education Act, which established the Office of Environmental Education (OEE) and made grant funding available for environmental education curricular development, was signed in 1970 (Baker, 2000). The 1980s saw the OEE dissolved and the act rendered obsolete as Congress moved toward transferring educational leadership to the state level (Baker, 2000). The spirit of the act was renewed in 1990 when Congress passed the National Environmental Education Act (NEEA), which reestablished the OEE, housed within the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and charged the EPA with providing "national leadership to increase environmental literacy" (Baker, 2000, & U.S. Environmental Protection Agency {USEPA}, 2011). Section 2.(a) "Findings" of the NEEA asserts that Congress has found that: (3) Environmental problems represent as significant a threat to the quality of life and economic vitality of urban areas as they do the natural balance of rural areas. (4) Effective response to complex environmental problems requires understanding of the natural and built environment, awareness of environmental problems and their origins (including those in urban areas), and the skills to solve these problems (USEPA, 2011). Notice that the tri-legged buzzword of today, "sustainability," is not yet appearing here, but the NEEA clearly notes the connection between environmental protection and economic development, as well as the importance of education in providing the resources 10 to counter said environmental problems. One should pay particular attention to Section 2.(b) titled "Policy": It is the policy of the United States to establish and support a program of education on the environment, for students and personnel working with students, through activities in schools, institutions of higher education, and related educational activities, and to encourage postsecondary students to pursue careers related to the environment (USEPA, 2011). This thesis is not intended to solve the frustrating puzzle of why, now 40 years later, there is still a very recognized need for this kind of education. Rather, this history is meant to illustrate that the recognition that we are not born programmed with a user's guide for our fragile planet is not radical. In fact, a series of textbooks by G. Tyler Miller, Jr. started to appear in the early 1970's to serve as that guidebook. For example, Miller's Living in the Environment, first published in 1979 and now in its 17 edition, brought new knowledge on ecosystems and humans' interaction with them, formerly available mostly in piecemeal articles, into an easily accessible, comprehensive volume for students and instructors alike. And while the U.S. Congress was waxing poetic about their mission for environmental education, similar efforts were taking place on an international front. The Talloires Declaration, which asks colleges and universities to "educate for environmentally responsible citizenship," was also composed in 1990 at an international conference of university presidents and chancellors on "The Role of Universities in Environmental Management and Sustainable Development," which took place at the Tufts University European Center in Talloires, France (University Leaders for a Sustainable Future {ULSF}, 2008). The document called for the creation of a Secretariat to oversee the adoption of the declaration by more institutions and to foster them in its mission (ULSF, 2008). Today this role is maintained by the Association of University 11 Leaders for a Sustainable Future and the document today has over 400 university signatures from over 50 countries (ULSF, 2008). For the record, Tufts University continued to play a role in the leadership and promotion of the Declaration through 1997, and today Tufts carries on a hybrid of the mission through their international Talloires Network, which was founded at the Talloires Conference 2005, from which also came the Talloires Declaration on Civic Roles and Social Responsibilities (ULSF, 2008, & The Talloires Network, 2012). The more recent 2007 American College and University Presidents' Climate Commitment (ACUPCC) calls for colleges and universities to "[model] ways to eliminate global warming emissions...by providing the knowledge and the educated graduates to achieve climate neutrality" (ACUPCC, 2012). The Climate Commitment charges campuses to ultimately develop and implement a climate action plan that will bring them to climate neutrality, with education being as important as energy inventorying and infrastructure; the Commitment text asserts that campuses "integrating sustainability into their curriculum will better serve their students and meet their social mandate to help create a thriving, ethical and civil society" (ACUPCC, 2012). Yet, despite such proponents for sustainability education (not to mention a U.S. policy for environmental education and career training!) for more than three decades, the majority of colleges and universities in the U.S. are struggling against the dominant, disciplinary paradigm of higher education to integrate these concepts as core values across the curriculum. 12 Political (Un)Sustainability My initial research into efforts of Ohio public institutions of higher education to integrate sustainability into their curricula, which began in the spring of 2010, was originally meant to inform the Ohio Board of Regents (OBR) of existence of these efforts and to make recommendations about how they might better support such initiatives. The result of the research was to be a consultant's report to OBR as described by the requirements of the Ohio University Master of Science in Environmental Studies Environmental Leadership option for graduation. The fate and impact of this report was unfortunately dictated by the (un)sustainability of political support that backed it. OBR's first and heretofore only Sustainability Projects Coordinator, to whom the report would have been submitted for consideration and further action, left OBR and was not replaced. Board of Regents' supervision of the report was then handed to the Executive Vice Chancellor, an individual who in theory supported the project, but whose higher rank and plethora of responsibilities unsurprisingly left little room for priority or expectation for the project. Finally, the November 2010 gubernatorial election brought a political upheaval which not only eliminated an audience for the report, but also left the future leadership and goals of OBR uncertain. The ousted Governor Ted Strickland had become known as a leader in higher education reform, promising to streamline the decentralized system with his newly established University System of Ohio (Grasgreen, 2010). President of the Ohio Association of Community Colleges, Ron Abrams, said of the outlook of th


Hypovitaminosis D is a worldwide clinical problem, affecting populations in numerous ways. Several factors seem to affect vitamin D metabolism, including the suggestion that therapy with the lipid lowering HMG-CoA inhibitors might modulate vitamin D levels. However, the relationship between statins intake and serum levels of vitamin D is still controversial. The present work aimed to add new insights on the association between statins therapy, and more specifically the generation of statins, and the lipid profile in a population of 106 subjects treated with these HMG-CoA inhibitors. Data showed that despite a higher prevalence of hipovitaminosis D in subjects treated with statins, there is no association between statin generation, total and LDL cholesterol and vitamin D levels. Moreover, second generation statins, the most common treatment of hypercholesterolemia in the studied population, promoted the remodelling of serum fatty acids that was characterized by the increase of arachidonic acid (AA) relative levels without affecting eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) levels. Among statin treated subjects, vitamin D levels did not affect serum fatty acid profile. The statin-related increased ratio AA/EPA suggests a pro- inflammatory status, whose long-term impact should be better clarified in the future.


Characteristics of wireless sensor network are mainly featured in three aspects such as numerous nodes and large-scale networks and restricted operation ability. A frequency points allocation algorithm is proposed in order to decrease collision probability with increasing traffic load in this paper. Based on the coloring, nodes with different frequency points in different cluster can communicate with each other to reduce collision probability and avoid disturbance among clusters, especially for hidden-terminal problem by distributed control mode and power control. Test results of frequency points allocation in three power of ZigBee 2.4G show that it can reach the designed goal and costs less.


Our objective was to study the change in quantity of bacteria and the development of infection in dry environment.Using San-yuan pig to establish the model of explosive injured trauma,the general observation and quantitive bacterial analysis were made in line with,kinds of bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility.The numerations of leukocyt of blood were detected at 4 h,7 h,9 h,12 h,16 h,24 h,48 h after injury respectively.It was shown that when injured 24 h,the level of bacteria in trauma tissue was(5.64+0.20)×106 cfu/g,and the numeration of leukocyt of blood was(23.43+3.93)×109/L.There was an inflammation symptom in injured trauma.The level of increasing bacteria in trauma tissue decreased after debridement.There were many kinds of bacteria in injured trauma,and they had the resistance to drugs such as benzylpenicillin,economycin,erythromycin and trimoxazole.They were sensitive to antimicrobial drugs like third-generation cephalosporins and quinolone.Our conclusion was that the time of debridement of explosive injured trauma in dry environment may be delayed until 16 h after injury.


Objective
To investigate the risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and nursing intervention in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical hysterectomy.

Methods
One hundred patients undergoing laparoscopic radical hysterectomy were included, surgical history, general anesthetics way, education, family factors(alone), body mass index, age, duration of anesthesia, dose of sufentanyl, hematocrit, the time for regaining orientation, dysphoria, postoperative pain degree were recorded. The occurrence of POCD was observed at 7 days (early period) and 3 months (later period) after surgery. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the risk factors for POCD at early period and later period.

Results
The incidence of POCD at early period was 29.0%(29/100). Logistic regression analysis of surgical history, general anesthetics way, body mass index, age, hematocrit, the time for regaining orientation, postoperative pain degree in patients, general anesthetics way (OR=2.821, 95% CI 1.099-7.240) and postoperative pain degree(OR=2.292, 95% CI 1.129-4.654) were the significant risk factors for POCD at early period. The incidence of POCD at later period was 7.0%(7/100). Logistic regression analysis of education and family factors(alone) in patients, family factors(alone) was the significant risk factor for POCD at later period (OR=5.517, 95% CI 1.010-30.126).

Conclusions
General anesthetics way and postoperative pain degree are the significant predictors for POCD in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical hysterectomy during hospitalization, and family factors(alone) is the risk factor for POCD at 3 months after surgery, and active nursing intervention could reduce the occurrence of POCD.

Key words:
Nursing care; Cognition disorders; Postoperative complications; Hysterectomy; Laparoscopes; Risk factors


Following major incidents and a worldwide trend to a more structured approach to managing offshore safety, the Australian Government has regulated for the preparation of Safety Cases for all new offshore projects which commence design work after 1 July 1992. The Safety Case is required to demonstrate that safety management systems are adequate to ensure design, construction and operation of the installation are safe, that potential major hazards have been identified and appropriate controls are provided to ensure that risks are as low as reasonably practicable, and that adequate provision has been made for safe evacuation, escape and rescue. The safety case should be prepared using a balanced approach that results in a practical and value-added case. This paper summarises the approach adopted by Esso Australia in the preparation of safety cases for two new Bass Strait developments. It specifically covers the development of detailed internal guidelines for use in preparing safety cases, the safety case structure, content and emphasis, and includes examples to illustrate the key aspects of the Esso Australia Safety Case approach. The methodology described provides an effective means of achieving the objectives of a safety case.


The CHAIRMAN announced that the Council had had it under consideration how best to show the cases a t their meetings, for in view of the wealth of material brought forward it was becoming impossible to show them in the way adopted a t the beginning of the session. It was proposed to try the method which was followed in the Clinical Section and had been followed in the Dernintological Society of Great Britain, namely to have the cases a t 20, Hanover Square a t 4.30 so as to allow time for examination before the meeting. The cases would then come up for discussion afterwards.


e18575 Background: Healthcare utilization is a common reason for bidirectional travel across the US-Mexico border. We surveyed Mexican oncologists to understand why patients with cancer in the US and Mexico seek care outside their home country and what barriers they face. Methods: Approval was obtained from Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán´s IRB. Oncologists living in Mexican border states (Baja California, Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas) were identified from the Mexican Society of Oncology's directory. Two hundred twenty-five participants were queried via e-mail with a REDCap survey designed by the investigators. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze responses. Results: Sixty-six respondents completed the survey, most of whom were medical (n = 24) or surgical oncologists (n = 24) who had practiced for < 5 years (n = 31). Sixty (90.9%) respondents interacted with US-based patients who traveled to Mexico to receive care, most frequently due to inadequate health insurance (n = 45). Forty-eight (72.7%) respondents interacted with Mexico-based patients who traveled to the US to receive care, most frequently due to patient perception of superior care in the US (n = 38). Table 1 describes the reported reasons patients traveled across the border for cancer care. Twenty-nine (43.9%) respondents interacted with US-based patients who wanted to receive care in Mexico but could not, most frequently due to lack of financial resources (n = 17) or of a support system in Mexico (n = 10). Forty-three (65.2%) respondents interacted with Mexico-based patients who wanted to receive care in the US but could not, most frequently due of lack of financial resources (n = 43) or passport/visa issues (n = 14). Conclusions: According to Mexican oncologists, US-based patients travel to Mexico to receive cancer care primarily due to inadequate health insurance. In contrast, Mexico-based patients travel to the US primarily due to their perception that care in the US is of higher quality and because aspects of their care are unavailable in Mexico. Both US and Mexico-based patients face many barriers to receiving care outside their home country, which should be tackled to improve access to quality care in border region. [Table: see text]


We present direct information showing that polyoxometalates (POMs) show destructive activity toward the model cell membrane, via the rapid adsorption of POMs on the vesicle surface. The crucial step in causing the vesicle destruction is the structural change into stable POM–lipid conjugates, which are known as surfactant-encapsulated clusters.


Isolated gate drivers are widely adopted for half-bridge, full-bridge and dual boost AC-DC converters for power conversion in low power electromagnetic energy harvesting, in which efficiency is of great importance. However, commercial isolated gate drivers were all designed for higher voltage and higher power applications, which brought severe power consumptions at low power scenario. Aim at low power loss and simple driver architecture, this paper proposes two low power isolated driver circuits based on the transformer and the bootstrap capacitor respectively. The detailed design and loss analysis are carried out. The paper elaborates the design method and scope of application. The prototypes of the two isolated gate drivers are also built to verify the effectiveness on the experimental platform.


Objective: To analyze whether noise sensitivity increases the risk of disability pension (DP). Methods: Questionnaire data of a sample of 706 Finnish twin individuals (age range, 31 to 65 years) with record linkage to information on DP during 16 years of follow-up were analyzed using individual and pairwise Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Noise sensitivity increased the risk of DP (hazard ratio = 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03 to 1.93) and DP due to musculoskeletal disorders (hazard ratio = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.00 to 2.66). In within-pair analyses, noise sensitivity increased the risk of DP: among all twin pairs, odds ratio was 1.80 (95% CI: 1.08 to 3.06). Conclusions: Noise sensitivity may be a potential risk factor for disability retirement. It is associated with DP independently of familial background and genetic factors.


The computer language APL is not as well known in the financial field as it might be and yet its structure and syntax make it very well suited to financial and actuarial calculations (as well as to mathematical and statistical calculations) indeed it might almost be called a natural language for financial calculations. In a contribution to the XVI ASTIN Colloquium in Liege, 1982, entitled 'Description and Comparison of various Programming Languages and their Suitability for Non-Life Actuaries', J. A. Bartola(2) concluded that APL was a very attractive programming language for actuaries. The same conclusion was reached by G. Leuven in a study of different programming languages undertaken by the Dutch Actuarial Society. A book entitled APL, The Language and its Actuarial Applications, by D. Stiers, M. J. Goovaerts and J. de Kerf(9) was published in 1987. This book contains a wealth of examples of applications of APL to problems in finance, general insurance, credibility theory, etc. The special APL symbols combined with the vector, matrix and multidimensional array structure of the language make for a very powerful language which enables short programs to accomplish what in other programming languages would take much more extensive coding involving many loops. Programs (called functions in APL) can call other programs and a complex system can be built up in a modular way from simpler building blocks. The language is an interpreted language (although compiled versions are available) and highly interactive. A great virtue of the language is that it enables quick development of short but powerful programs. Coding can be tested as work progresses since APL operates in two modes 'calculator' mode where a line of code can immediately be executed and tested with the immediacy of a pocket calculator (e.g. before insertion in the program) and 'definition' mode where the program statements are stored until the program as a whole is executed.


Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers are widely used in industrial control systems and control theory academia, mainly due to their functional simplicity and robust performance. This paper presents the performance comparison of a PID controller, implemented with two different technologies, (i) a SIEMENS SIMATIC S7-1200 programmable logic controller and (ii) an embedded system based on RASPBERRY PI. The parameters were set with the same conditions for both technologies. The control was performed on a level system on the platform located in the process control room and computerized systems at the Electricity and Industrial Automation Center (CEAI), SENA in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. The results obtained indicate that, for both technologies under the same conditions, the controllers have the same performance in terms of settling time, rise time, delay time, peak time (time where the maximum overshoot occurs), and steadystate error. Makeover, they differ in the control effort where the PLC performs 2.10% less control effort than the embedded system and a signal overshoot of 2.05% compared to 4.32% of the embedded system. These results show that controller implementation with an embedded system is an excellent low-cost alternative for industrial processes with similar results as a controller implemented in a PLC.


This paper presents a computing architecture to implement Discrete Fourier Transform processors that measure the band-pass filtered energy at a certain component in the High-Frequency (HF) band. We achieved an analytic assessment for the HF energy detector via a scheme utilizing non-pipelined architecture at the macro-level and parallel redundant arithmetic and fully-pipelined architectures at the micro-level. This scheme was shown to improve the component utilization factor more so than using pipelined architecture at the macro-level. Performance of the scheme was analyzed with respect to the time for processing one frequency output and the number of modules required. Also, a method of the error analysis was investigated to consider the CORDIC-based DFT processor as a prospective engine for a wide range of input bit rates.<<ETX>>


This scientific commentary refers to 'PI3K/AKT pathway mutations cause a spectrum of brain malformations from megalencephaly to focal cortical dysplasia', by Jansen et al. (doi: 10.1093/brain/awv045).

Focal malformations of cortical development, including focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), are among the most common causes of intractable epilepsy in children. In this issue of Brain , Jansen and colleagues provide evidence that hemimegalencephaly (HMEG) and FCD type IIa result from mosaic mutations in components of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway, i.e. PI3KCA , AKT3 , or PTEN , in 4/33 patients using targeted screening of a panel of PI3K , AKT , and PTEN genes (Jansen et al. , 2015). These individuals suffered from intractable seizures, and exhibited radiographic and histopathologically defined evidence of either HMEG or FCD. An additional single case of dysplastic megalencephaly (DMEG) was linked to PI3KCA. In the remaining 29 patients with HMEG, or FCD type I, type IIa, or type IIb, no mutations were identified. The phosphorylation profile of components of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway showed that phosphorylation of Akt at threonine (T)308 and serine (S)473 was enriched in all HMEG and FCD cases, and in conjunction with measured Akt kinase activity, could distinguish mutation-positive dysplasia cortex, mutation-negative dysplasia cortex, and non-dysplasia epilepsy cortex. In conclusion, Jansen et al. suggest that FCD, HMEG and DMEG comprise a spectrum of developmental malformations linked to the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

Focal malformations of the cerebral cortex have been reported since the 1800s, with the first description of HMEG by Sims in 1835 and tuberous sclerosis complex by Bourneville in 1880. In 1957, Crome published a short pathological report describing abnormally 'large neurons' in the brains of three patients with intractable epilepsy within areas of 'ulegyria', which set the conceptual stage for the index report of focal dysplasia of the …


This paper present experimental measurements of velocity distribution at different sections around a reduced scale model of a real domed-roof building with several openings. Measurements are made in an open loop wind tunnel with atmospheric boundary layer. A new modified Counihan scheme which is a combination of the two systems is developed for the purpose of part-depth atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). The measured quantities are wind velocity profile, turbulence intensity, and air flow pattern around the building. For experiments a 1:54 scale model of a domed-roof building with six windows and an aperture on the roof is made. In addition, by using a numerical solution, turbulent air flow around such scale model in the wind tunnel is simulated and flow field inside the model and also the discharge coefficient are computed during the economizer mode.Copyright © 2012 by ASME


The invention discloses a device and method for routing in association with a proxy mobile IP v 6-based and mobile Ad-hoc network-based to support the mobility of the next generation Internet address system / mobile terminal, according to the present invention, Proxy Mobile IP by transmitting a second identification number of the mobile node has failed, based on the mobile Ad-hoc network (mobile ad hoc network) with a first identification number generated by V 6 based on mobile access gateway, a number of in the proxy mobile IP v 6 based network recognizing the mobile node with a single Ad hoc group to the plurality of may assign a home network prefix for the mobile node, a plurality of mobile node's Internet gateway when changing the mobile node running the Internet gateway of belonging to one Ed hoc group running and By changing only the first identification number and a link-local address of the mobile and maintains the second identification code, to the first identification number of the modifications may be assigned a home network prefix, the data communication between a mobile access gateway and local Mobility Anchor it is possible to run smoothly. Routing, wireless internet, Eddie Hawk, MAG, LMA


Intra-abdominal hemorrhage was simulated by abdominal aortic cannulation through the femoral artery with shunting of blood into the peritoneal cavity via a transabdominal Foley catheter. Intravenous isotonic crystalloid fluid was administered to replace the blood lost. Hemorrhage was allowed to proceed to homeostasis with a compressive abdominal bandage in five dogs and without a bandage in three dogs. Placement of the compressive bandage decreased the fall in mean arterial pressure, slowed or stopped hemorrhage, slowed the rate of hemodilution, and increased survival time compared with unbandaged control dogs. Increases in pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure were not observed. Total peripheral resistance was elevated following wrapping. Cardiac index decreased in the bandaged group over time, but the change was not statistically significant. Cardiac index was significantly higher in the wrapped dogs. No gross abdominal organ damage was found. Compressive abdominal wraps composed of common bandaging materials were found to be effective in limiting blood loss and supporting mean arterial pressure in dogs with massive intra-abdominal hemorrhage. LTHOUGH FIRST investigated in 1903,' pneumatic


A pre-experimental study to assess the effectiveness of computer assisted instruction
on knowledge of the care after cardiac surgery in PICU among mothers of children under 12
years in selected hospitals at Chennai. The conceptual framework of the study was
developed on the basis of Ludwig Yon Bertalanffy(1968) general system theory model
.The study variable was mothers of children under 12 years of age.
An experimental research approach with pre – experimental pre and post test design was
used to achieve the objectives of the study .The study was conducted in MIOT hospitals at
Chennai, with a sample size of 30 mothers of children under 12 years. The samples were
selected through non – probability convenient sampling technique.
The investigator used a demographic variable performa and with a structured questionnaire
on knowledge of the care after cardiac surgery in PICU among mothers of children under 12
year to collect the data. The data collection tools were validated and reliability was
established. The data was collected by using a self administered questionnaire method. After
the pre test computer assisted instruction was administered to the mothers of children under
12 year and the post test was done after 7 days.
The demographic characteristics revealed that most of the participants were in the age group
of 26-30 years. It was noted that majority of the participants 27 (90%) had moderate
knowledge and 3(10%) had inadequate knowledge, in the pre test where as in the post test
none of them had inadequate knowledge and majority of them gained adequate knowledge
with the mean score of 86.7 %. It was also noted that there was a significant improvement in
the post test mean score which were highly significant at P <0.001 level which indicates the
effectiveness of computer assisted instruction. There is a significant association between the
demographic variables with the pre test and post test levels of knowledge.
iv
The results indicated that the computer assisted instruction had significantly improved the
level of knowledge of the care after cardiac surgery in PICU among mothers of children
under 12 years.


Abstract Issue/problem Key issues in the elderly's mental health are: growing trends in mental disorders (dementia, depression), social exclusion with consequent lack of information, awareness and poorer access to prevention and assistance programs, discrimination, and high risk of poverty after retirement (especially in women). The public health challenge is to cope with these issues, as the share of the elderly population rapidly increases, also across European countries. Description of the problem According to the Resolution of the National Mental Health Program 2018-2028, and Action Plan 2021-2023, an interdisciplinary working group for mental health promotion among the elderly was established. Basic goals were prepared through regular meetings: adequately providing necessary information for the target population and enabling better networking of key actors in the field of mental health, including cooperation with existing networks. Specific activities ( >>Open hours for elderly << and >>Longevity society fairs <<) were implemented in the local communities. Results Twenty-one events, broadly promoted in the local communities, were realized. Different stakeholders were supported with developed materials (brochures, leaflets). A national conference on decreasing loneliness and social exclusion in the elderly was organized. Lessons Supportive environment for the empowerment of key actors and their continuous cooperation, could improve information flow, competencies, and inclusion of the target population in the local community and consequently decrease stigma. Despite pandemic measures, activities were realized, as recognized to be necessary. Regular financial support of less developed communities is a precondition for preventing inequities between communities. Key messages • A sensitized, empowered, connected, proactive and supported local community is a key for improving elderly's quality of life. • A connected and empowered local community is a precondition to prevent further stigmatization of the elderly.


Based on AutoCAD 2010, Visual C++. NET 2008 and ObjectARX 2010 the hydraulic design software of pump suction chambers, called PXSS, was successfully developed. The PXSS could design all kinds of pump suction chambers. Key technologies in the development process of software PXSS were introduced. A pipeline pump suction chamber and a spiral-shaped suction chamber were designed with the PXSS software. The two examples show that the PXSS can realize the parametric drawing of the pump suction chamber and improved the efficiency of the design staffs. So, it could be applied to engineering practice.


We report a familial case of velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS) with polymicrogyria to provide further support for the association of disorders of cortical development with del(22q11) syndromes.


We analyze high-resolution UV spectra of a small sample of Herbig Ae/Be stars (HAEBESs) in order to explore the origin of the T ∼ 105 K gas in these stars. The C iv λλ1548, 1550 line luminosities are compared to nonsimultaneous accretion rate estimates for the objects showing C iv emission. We show that the correlation between LC iv and previously established for classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs) seems to extend into the HAEBE mass regime, although the large spread in literature and AV values makes the actual relationship highly uncertain. With the exception of DX Cha, we find no evidence for hot, optically thick winds in our HAEBE sample. All other objects showing clear doublet emission in C iv can be well described by a two-component (i.e., a single component for each doublet member) or four-component (i.e., two components for each doublet member) Gaussian emission line fit. The morphologies and peak-flux velocities of these lines suggest that they are formed in weak, optically thin stellar winds and not in an accretion flow, as is the case for the hot lines observed in CTTSs. The lack of strong outflow signatures and lack of evidence for line formation in accretion flows are consistent with the conclusion presented in our recent optical and He i λ10830 studies that the immediate circumstellar environments of HAEBESs, in general, are not scaled-up analogs of the immediate environments around CTTSs. The conclusions presented here for hot gas lines around HAEBESs should be verified with a larger sample of objects.


Objective To study the effects of enviromental estrogen chemicals octylphenol(OP)and genistein(GEN)on the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),VEGF receptor(flk-l)and CXC chemokine receptor type 4(CXCR4)in rat breast cancer.Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control,model,GEN treated,OP treated and GP(GEN+OP)treated group.After 7,12-dinmethylbenz[a]anthracene(DMBA)induced rat breast cancers(Except rats in control group),rats were killed on day 210.Western blotting and immunohistochemistry methods were used to detect the expressions of VEGF,CXCR4 and flk-1 on normal mammary grand and mammary cancers.Results Compared with model group,VEGF,CXCR4 and ilk-1 expressions were significantly decreased in mammary cancers of genistein treated group,while they were significantly increased in octylphenol treated group.CXCR4 expression was significantly decreased in GP treated group.Conclusion GEN is down-regulate VEGF,CXCR4 and flk-1 expressions in mammary cancer then may inhibits the incidences of DMBA-induced mammary cancers.OP is up-regulate VEGF,CXCR4 and flk-1 expressions in mammary cancer then may increase the incidences of DMBA-induced mammary cancers.


The Project Desarrollo de un sistema de informacion tipo diccionario para ser implementado como servicio SMS Premium. Describes and submerges into the World of Mobile wireless telecommunications. This days, the use of a cell phone is essential, one of the most widely service used is text messaging; this has led to many applications being developed. In this project, an inquiry is made about how to provide and implement these services and in turn create one to serve as an example. Chapter 1 is an introduction to the project; this chapter defines the topic, objectives, scope, and the justification of the work item. In Chapter 2, a development methodology is chorused to make quality software. Chapter 3 describes the process and the characteristics that should be in a SMS service. It also shows various ways to implement an SMS service. Chapter 4 describes step by step how to develop a service with a cell phone that serves as an SMS modem. In Chapter 5 the software is developed. Chapter 6 uses the methodology Mark II to estimate the cost of the software.


The high-frequency scattering parameters and equivalent circuit for a gap on a microstrip line are found by analyzing the problem with an accurate semi-analytical method in the spectral domain, using an even/odd mode analysis. The analysis accounts for radiation into space as well as into surface waves, both of which become more pronounced at higher frequencies. The analysis allows for an examination of these two separate powers in order to examine the power loss mechanism at the gap. The results remain accurate even at high frequencies where the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line becomes non-unique. The only assumption is that the length of the gap is fairly small compared to a wavelength.


Simultaneous irradiation of a single crystal TiO2 substrate in solution by filtered UV and filtered visible light is employed to control the colour, size and orientation of Ag nanoparticle monolayers. Particle growth by photocatalytic reduction of Ag+ to Ag is kept in check by plasmon-assisted photooxidation of Ag to Ag+. As a result, red samples with small Ag nanoparticles, blue samples with large Ag nanoparticles or samples with aligned nanorods are obtained. Computer simulations of the spectra elucidate that growth of anisotropic particles is essential to exhibit a brilliant blue colour.


In this paper we present a complete classification (isomorphism classes with some isomorphism invariants) of complex associative algebras up to dimension five (including both cases: unitary and non-unitary). In some symbolic computations we used Maple software.


Abstract The presence of a significant and growing population of lower caste students on college campuses has been perceived as a challenge to the historical hegemony of higher castes. Therefore, in the last decade alone, numerous incidents of caste-based discrimination and suicides of Dalit students have been reported on the campuses across the country. However, there is scarcely any research on the changed demographic in higher education and its implications on students and the campus climate. The student diversity without institutional policy to benefiting from the diversity, higher education institutions are facing social justice, discrimination and diversity issues. The article explores diversity research from the United States (US) higher education contexts to develop a theoretical understanding and discusses the significance of campus climate frameworks to assess students' perceptions and experiences about their campuses. The campus climate scholarship suggests that institutional commitment to diversity fosters learning outcomes of all students and facilitates critical institutional support to marginalized students. Further, a systematic understanding of the campus climate that can lead to an institutional policy reform to foster a more inclusive and democratic ethos in Indian universities.


Project management is used to coordinate effort during tasks, such as new product design, software engineering, and supply chain improvement. An essential component of project management is the communication plan that directs team members in their use of communication channels for information sharing during the project. Yet, few decision-making tools exist that can help project managers understand the tradeoffs of different communication plans. Herein we connect theory and practice to advance a computational model that provides objective-based assessments of communication plans and helps managers weigh tradeoffs of cost, time, and quality in the use of communication channels across the project. We draw on adaptive structuration theory to understand the impetus to utilize technology in group settings and media richness to explain the capabilities of channels that offer rich synchronous platforms (for e.g., phone, face-to-face, and web conference) and asynchronous lean approaches (for e.g., email, message board, and archive). We describe the tool based on a multiple-criteria decision making model. This model contributes a theoretically based decision support tool for project communication plans.


Bioinformatics activities present new challenges, such as ow to exchange and reuse successful experimental procedures, tool and data, and how to understand and provide interoperability among data and t ools across different sites, for distinct user profiles. This thesis is an effort to wards these directions. It is based on combining research on databases, AI and scient ific workflows, on the Semantic Web, to design, reuse, annotate and document bioinformatics experiments. The resulting framework allows the integration of heterogeneous data and tools and the design of experiments as scientific work flows, which are stored in databases. Moreover, it takes advantage of the not io f planning in AI to support automatic or interactive composition of tasks. T hese ideas are being implemented in a prototype and validated on real bioinforma tics data.


In order to improve the quality of international student exchanges, various related matters must be prepared, also related to cultural harmonization between countries, which of course will determine the synergy and values of unity and solidity among these students, bearing in mind the unification of mindsets and cultural backgrounds of various the state is not a trivial matter, this is what is said to be a phenomenon that must be resolved in order to be able to provide good results in the implementation of the direct learning process between countries on international student learning exchanges which will be held next semester. Given this problem, it is necessary to carry out socialization and assistance regarding the harmonization of the cultures of the two countries (Malaysia and Indonesia) to increase tolerance and synergy in preparation for post-pandemic international student exchanges


Background The ability of Candida albicans, an important human fungal pathogen, to develop filamentous forms is a crucial determinant for host invasion and virulence. Filamentation is triggered by different host environmental cues. Hypoxia, the dominant conditions that C. albicans encounters inside the human host, promote filamentation, however, the contributing mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Methods We performed a quantitative analysis of gene deletion mutants from different collections of protein kinases and transcriptional regulators in C. albicans to identify specific modulators of the hypoxic filamentation. We used genome-wide transcriptional profiling (Microarrays) and promoter occupancy (ChIP-chip) to characterize regulons of two transcription factors that were associated with the hypoxic filamentation. Genetic interactions were also used to assess functional relationships among the newly identified modulators of hypoxic filamentation and the well-known C. albicans core morphogenetic regulators. Results Our genetic screen uncovered two transcription factors, Ahr1 and Tye7, that act as prominent regulators of C. albicans filamentation specifically under hypoxia. Both ahr1 and tye7 mutants exhibited a hyperfilamentous phenotype specifically under an oxygen-depleted environment suggesting that these transcription factors act as negative regulators of hypoxic filamentation. By combining microarray and ChIP-chip data, we have characterized the set of genes that are directly modulated by Ahr1 and Tye7. We found that both Ahr1 and Tye7 modulate a different set of genes and biological processes. Our genetic epistasis analysis supports our genomic finding and suggests that Ahr1 and Tye7 act independently to modulate hyphal growth in response to hypoxia. Furthermore, our genetic interaction experiments uncovered that Ahr1 and Tye7 repress the hypoxic filamentation growth via the Efg1 and Ras1/Cyr1 pathways, respectively. Conclusion In sum, this investigation represents an informative resource toward the understanding of how hypoxia, the predominant condition inside the host, shapes the invasive filamentous growth of C. albicans.


A new genus, Ctenocolletacarus, and three new species, C. [ong£rostr£s, C. grand£or and C. brev£rostr£s, are described from hypopial nymphs from three species of bees (Ctenoco[[etes, Stenotritidae) from Western Australia.


The invention discloses an electromagnetic shielding composite material capable heating, which consists of the following raw materials in part by mass: 40-70 parts of plastic matrix, 10-40 parts of superfine ferrite, 10-30 parts of composite carbon black, 5-10 parts of compatilizer, 0.5-1 part of lubricant and 0.5-1 part of antioxidant. The prepared electromagnetic shielding composite material has superior flowing property and mechanical property, higher electromagnetic shielding efficiency, surface temperature of 60 DEG C at the voltage of 60V, controllable heat productivity, better quickness in heating and high electromagnetic shielding efficiency.


The research on oral literature has mainly been focused on historical geography, structuralism, and field research, the methods of which have been...


We construct nonlinear hyperbolic groups which are large, torsion‐free, one‐ended, and admit a finite K(π,1) . Our examples are built from superrigid cocompact rank one lattices via amalgamated free products and HNN extensions.


Abstract Relationships among landscape attributes, instream dissolved organic C (DOC) concentrations, and metal bioaccumulation in Arctopsyche grandis and Drunella doddsi were investigated in the Upper Arkansas River Basin, Colorado. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to calculate landscape attributes in 16 watersheds where DOC concentrations were measured from May to August 2001. Metal concentrations in Arctopsyche and Drunella were related to physicochemical characteristics measured in these streams and in the Arkansas River. Results of multiple linear regression showed that % forested area explained 47% and 59% of the variation in maximum and mean DOC concentrations, respectively. Maximum DOC was negatively associated with the concentration of Zn (R2 = 0.25) and Cd (R2 = 0.39) in Arctopsyche. DOC concentration did not describe metal concentrations in Drunella, which accumulated significantly more Zn, Cd, and Cu than Arctopsyche. The higher metal concentrations and the absence of a DOC effect on metal uptake in Drunella most likely resulted from dietary exposure to metal-enriched detritus and periphyton. Our results indicate that % forested area within a watershed can be used to describe DOC concentrations, which in turn influence metal bioaccumulation in Arctopsyche. To our knowledge, this study is the first to quantify the relationship between landscape attributes and DOC, and to demonstrate the influence of DOC on metal bioaccumulation in benthic macroinvertebrates in the field.


Recent reports in the literature of large series of cases of ingrown toenail make it apparent that the methods of treatment in common usage yield far too high a rate of recurrence and too long a period of incapacity to the victims of this frequent malady. The thoughtful recent analysis of Keyes 1 is fairly representative of current practice, for in a series of 110 cases treated in several St. Louis institutions the recurrence rate was 13.6 per cent and the average period of healing after standard operative procedures was nineteen days. Also, the period of time until pain was relieved, varying with the method of operation, averaged between two and one-half and seven days. Operations for the cure of ingrown toenail fall into two main classes: ( a ) those in which the attack is aimed prinicipally against a strip of nail and the matrix underlying the nail base and


This article discusses the difference between identifying and classifying attributes and analyzes the problematic implications if we confuse the two. The empirical material consists of Gallic stone ...


: The Chhotanagpur region, encompassing present-day Jharkhand, parts of West Bengal, Orissa, and Madhya Pradesh, served as a hotbed for revolts from the early days of British colonial rule. This area was endowed with abundant natural resources, including forests and minerals, which initially attracted the colonial administration. They exerted control through measures like designating 'reserved' and 'protected' forests, enacting various tenancy laws, and providing support to contractors and moneylenders. Subsequently, missionaries infiltrated the region, establishing educational and medical centres, and seeking to propagate Christianity. This missionary endeavour resulted in a significant portion of the tribal population converting to Christianity. The combination of missionary work and expanded educational opportunities raised awareness among the tribal population about their rights and the exploitation of their resources, leading to a series of revolts during the colonial era, including the Kol uprising, Bhil uprising, Santhal rebellion, and Munda rebellion, among others. The political consciousness spurred by both colonial activities and the national movement gave rise to various socio-political groups such as the Chhotanagpur Unnati Samaj, Adibasi Mahasabha, and Jharkhand Party, which frequently advocated for a distinct identity for the tribals of Chhotanagpur. The demand for a separate entity somewhat subsided with the advent of independence, as efforts were made to safeguard the rights of the tribal population through the establishment of a secular government and by incorporating provisions in the 5th and 6th schedules of the Indian constitution. Nevertheless, the aspiration for a distinct entity for the tribal populace of the Chhotanagpur region eventually culminated in the creation of the state of Jharkhand in 2000, which was carved out of Bihar.


With its unique culture and numerous historical relics and attractions the city of Yangzhou has long been well-known home and abroad as a tourist destination.However,it has not obtained its due benefit economically for it has not integrated all its resources to gain advantage in its product and service.This paper gives some suggestions in the development of the city's tourism after analyzing the development course and status quo.


This research is motivated by the lack of learning resources used by students during the mathematics learning process. Efforts to overcome these problems can be done by developing Edmodo-based e-learning teaching materials. This research aims to develop e-learning teaching materials that are valid, practical, and effective on Probability material. This type of research is development research using the 4-D model. The 4-D stage includes define, design, develop, and disseminate. The results showed that e-learning teaching materials were in the very valid category of 83.78%, the results of practicality with the teacher showed that e-learning teaching materials were in the very practical category of 88.00% and the effectiveness results with students showed that the teaching materials e-learning is in the very good category of 88.79%.


The hypothesis that protein kinase C (PKC) activity is sensitive to phospholipid head group interactions was tested using lipid bilayers of defined composition with PKC purified from rat brain. The head group interactions were modulated by varying phosphatidylcholine cis-unsaturation, vesicle curvature, and by the addition of phosphatidylethanolamine and cholesterol. With unilamellar vesicles (including 20 mol % brain phosphatidylserine), increased phosphatidylcholine unsaturation potentiated basal and phorbol ester stimulated PKC activity. By contrast, in the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine, the activity decreased with increasing phosphatidylcholine unsaturation. Weakening phospholipid head group interactions spaces the head group region and increases interstitial water, and this effect was assessed from its effect on the fluorescence intensity of the phospholipid-labeled fluorophore l-palmitoyl-2-N(4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole)aminohexanoylphos


The British healthcare system is responding more strongly than most nations to HIV and AIDS-related issues. The 7.7 percent increase in their 1997-8 AIDS budget allocation makes the difference. HIV infection is still most prevalent in gay communities. The introduction of needle-exchange programs has maintained the rates among the injecting drug user community. The healthcare system had geared up for rapid spread of HIV in the heterosexual population, and funding levels were set accordingly. Although this trend did not emerge to the degree expected, the influx of people of Asiatic and African origin who present with HIV infection challenges the resources available.


So much for the main themes. In a chapter dealing with noise and stochastic signals, Professor Karbowiak quotes the formula for the power density of thermal noise. It might have been useful here and this is quite possible to give an elementary account of the relevant principles of statistical mechanics which have, through the equipartition law, led to this result. Stochastic signals are adequately discussed with straightforward explanations of stationary and ergodic ensembles and of Gaussian processes. A brief chapter is devoted to modulation, sampling and coding, with the Sampling theorem as the major development. For a complete appreciation of this chapter the reader needs to be already familiar with the various modulation methods.


Abstract Fatigue is a commonly reported symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) which may impair function. It is thought that fatigue may be of either a central or peripheral origin. Physical and psychosocial mechanisms have been suggested as causing fatigue. Many physical causes have been investigated including type of MS, lesion site, inflammation, abnormal heat response, autonomic dysfunction, ventilatory dysfunction, disturbed sleep, cortical dysfunction, altered central activation ratio and conduction time, and changes in skeletal muscle morphology. Potential psychosocial causes include abnormal health beliefs and behaviours, personality changes and depression. The objective of this review was to assist health professionals to gain a better understanding of MS fatigue and its causes in order to assist them in management choices. It is suggested that fatigue may be multifactorial in origin as the evidence does not strongly support any one causal mechanism. Understanding the various mechanisms contributing to MS fatigue may assist physiotherapists and their patients to develop more effective management strategies.


Abstract A Δ-point x of a Banach space is a norm-one element that is arbitrarily close to convex combinations of elements in the unit ball that are almost at distance 2 from x. If, in addition, every point in the unit ball is arbitrarily close to such convex combinations, x is a Daugavet point. A Banach space X has the Daugavet property if and only if every norm-one element is a Daugavet point. We show that Δ- and Daugavet points are the same in L1-spaces, in L1-preduals, as well as in a big class of Müntz spaces. We also provide an example of a Banach space where all points on the unit sphere are Δ-points, but none of them are Daugavet points. We also study the property that the unit ball is the closed convex hull of its Δ-points. This gives rise to a new diameter-two property that we call the convex diametral diameter-two property. We show that all C(K) spaces, K infinite compact Hausdorff, as well as all Müntz spaces have this property. Moreover, we show that this property is stable under absolute sums.


The shock intensity- and phase-dependence of high-intensity DC stimulation aftereffects was studied by using Luo-Rudy's dynamic action potential model. Shock-induced transient rupture (electroporation) of the cell membrane was represented by incorporation of non-selective ionic pores. Application of DC shocks during the plateau phase caused a prolongation of the action potential. Diastolic phase shocks resulted in an activation of action potential with similar delay in repolarization. Oscillatory membrane potentials and single or multiple spontaneous excitations were induced by DC shocks with intermediate intensity and these were accompanied by activation of L-type calcium current during the plateau phase. These results are consistent with observations in animal experiments. The Luo-Rudy's dynamic action potential model with reversible electroporation-mediated pores may provide useful tools to investigate membrane potential changes and underlying ionic mechanisms following electrical shocks.


Recent advances in gut microbial flora research have shown the health benefits of probiotic bacterial strains on the small and large intestines. These strains, particularly Bifidobacterium, offer health advantages, including obesity, atopic diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, and intestinal cancers in the human body. However, food components, additives, and processing-related factors can have an impact on probiotic survival. As a result, adding appropriate supplements to increase the viability of probiotics may be necessary for some food products. This study investigated the influence of sweet lupine (Lupineus albus L.) seed hulls (SLSH) on the probiotic viability of strained yogurt. Traditional strained yogurt prepared using Bifidobacterium bifidum and the two starter culture strains Streptococcus thermophiles, and Lactobacillus bulgaricus. The strained yogurt was supplemented with different concentrations of SLSH (1, 2, and 3%). Over 7 to 14 days of cold storage, the total bacterial cells were enumerated. The result showed B. bifidum strains increasing more than double with a slight decrease in the starter culture strains. The overall acceptance of strained yogurt supplemented with 1% SLSH was convenient, compared to 2% and 3% of SLSH.

KEYWORDS
Probiotics, viability, lupine, B. bifidum, strained yogurt


Please cite this paper as: Cheng W‐F, Chen Y‐L, You S‐L, Chen C‐J, Chen Y‐C, Hsieh C‐Y, Chen C‐A. Risk of gynaecological malignancies in cytologically atypical glandular cells: follow‐up study of a nationwide screening population. BJOG 2011;118:34–41.


Have you ever wanted to publish a popular iOS application? If so, this paper discusses the successful characteristics in successful iOS mobile applications, as well as the characteristics to avoid when developing. This information is gathered from multiple academic journals and interviews with professionals in the field. This paper highlights the importance of applying all the important key characteristics in an organized manner. Using simple software engineering techniques such as using the MVC (Model-View-Controller) are the key driving forces in developing successful iOS mobile applications. This paper also puts emphasis on data-driven applications and brings up common mistakes to avoid when developing it. Finally, the importance of using native applications opposed to cross platform applications is emphasized. These are the keys to a successful iOS application and should be utilized in each application.


The log[Me]T- pH curves in the Fe2+ -Mn2+-Zn2+-HN3-H2O system under various pH and total ammonia concentration are presented by thermodynamic analysis and calculation, and solving the group of nonlinear equations with Newton-Raphson Method. The solubilities of Fe, Mn and Zn are initially reduced with the pH increase of solution, and increased after the minimum is reached. And the solubilities of Fe, Mn and Zn are increased with the increase of the total ammonia concentration. For the complexity with ammonia, zinc is the strongest, then is the ferrous ion, and the manganese is the last one.


\\'e prove that. the upper porosity of any Raclon probability measure is either O or ~· J( ey 11'ords and Phrases: Donbling Conclition, Porosity of Sets, Porosity of lvleasnres, Tangent l\Ieasures. J\Ial/1ematical Subject Classification (1991) 28A05, 28Al2.


During judicial reforms,for the effect defects of procuratorial organ involving supervision of litigation,the structure of criterion of supervision of litigation should be reconsidered.By clarifying the connotation and meaning of structure of the criterion of supervision of litigation,the basic point of researching the structure of the criterion of litigation supervision can be founded.Meanwhile,the paper introduces the structural modes of the criterion of litigation supervision which are presented or built by scholars from home and abroad.Later,the paper focuses on the new research on the following three aspects:the type and the element of structure of the criterion of litigation supervision and the shaping of its structure.


An essential generator of the artistic academic breath in Iasi, Achim Stoia was bom on the fertile soil of Transylvania and adopted permanently as a Moldavian.He starts his life journey from Mohu, a village in Sibiu county; he attended primary school in his native village and subsequently began his musical studies at the ''Andrei Saguna" Teacher Training School in Sibiu between 1920 and 1927; here he was taught musical theory, solfeggio and choir practice by Timotei Popovici; his teacher further directed him to the Conservatoire of Bucharest, where he will study Musical Pedagogy between 1927 and 1931, acquiring substantial knowledge from his reputed professors: Alfonso Castaldi in harmony, counterpoint and composition, Dimitrie Cuclin in musical forms and esthetics, D. G. Kiriac and loan D. Chirescu in musical theory and solfeggio, Constantin Brailoiu in the history of music and folklore, George Breazul in pedagogy and musical encyclopedia and Ctefan Popescu in conducting and choir practice for ensembles.He was a thorough nature, always eager to leam; in search for professional growth, Achim Stoia enrolls for the courses of the Schola Cantorum in Paris between 1934 and 1936, where he studies counterpoint with Paul le Flem, modal polyphony with Charles Koechlin, orchestral conducting with Francois Ruhlmann and Gregorian chant with Edouard Scriortino; in parallel he studied composition at Ecole Normale de Musique of Paris with Paul Dukas, who was after his death replaced by Igor Stravinski.During the same period, he acts as the conductor of the Romanian Chapel Choir and in this position he consolidates through practice the knowledge he had acquired. He should also be credited for his efforts of introducing Romanian pieces to the repertoire of the choir; Achim Stoia turned the desideratum of promoting Romanian music and composers into a lifelong creed that was manifested during both his Parisian episode and throughout his career at home.The two years he spent in Europe's musical capital were intense in terms of professional development and represented an opportunity for the young musician both in that it allowed him to experience the ebullient cultural life of Paris and it helped him establish direct contact with important personalities of the world of arts, among them his close friend and colleague Dinu Lipatti, then Paul Constantinescu, as well as George Enescu, of whom he remembers: "I feel great pleasure and honor to mention that I personally met the great Enescu on two occasions. First, Professor Brailoiu introduced me to him on a visit he paid at the Folklore Archive of the former Society of Romanian Composers [...] The second time was in Paris, my colleague Dinu Lipatti introduced me at the end of a concert when Enescu played the sonatas for piano and violin by Beethoven; on this occasion I was also given the maestro's autograph on a photo of himself*4".The thoroughness of his studies in France and the rhythm of the life in the capital will leave an indelible mark on the musician and will reverberate, guiding him along the path of his later career.After he returns to Romania, he begins his career in musical pedagogy and for a while he teaches music in high school. Concurrently he conducts the choir "Carmen", publishes collections of folklore; after a time of hardships on the front during World War II, he takes a position at the Ia§i Music School, where he teaches musical theory and solfeggio.He will remain in Ia§i for the rest of his life and become the rector of this musical institution, on whose development and thriving he had great impact, as he himself confessed in an interview to his disciple, Vasile Spatarelu: "As a rector, I strove to ensure the good organization of the Music School and to create good conditions for the teaching activities. My main concern during this period was to create emulation and a good reputation for our institution, which would thus rise to do honor to the name of the great musician George Enescu or that the Iaci Musical School bears. …


When speaking of sensitive artifacts, control of the environmental conditions seems to be the best means of protecting theme. In theory, for a well preserved and uninfected artifact the best way to prevent fungal growth is to protect surfaces from contamination, control moisture and relative humidity (RH). For already biodeteriorated or fungus-infected artifacts, several methods, such as vacuum cleaning, freezing, heat treatment, chemicals, altered atmospheric gases or radiation, could be used. Realistically speaking, these methods often cannot be applied for some disadvantage of their use or because their high cost. This is why the aim of our research is to propose alternative chemical methods, based on natural extracts and/or synthetic chemical compounds for the removal of fungus from affected artifacts. To obtain remediation of the biodeterioration of the artifacts, we used mixtures of hydroxyapatite and alkali-metals hydroxides dispersed in isopropyl alcohol. An example of the treatment effectiveness is presented, using a selected recipe. Also, natural extracts were evaluated for their use in the bioremediation of the artifacts.


Objective To explore the relation between homocysteine(Hcy) and cardiovascular ectopic calcification in vivo.Methods Rat model of vascular calcification was established by in injection of vitamin D 3 plus intragastric administration of nicotine(VDN).40 rats were divided into 4 groups:control,VDN,VDN+Hcy and Hcy.At the end of 5 weeks,all rats were sacrificed after their body weight and caudal arterial pressure were measured.The aorta was taken,its calcium content was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the expression of osteopontin (OP) mRNA was sxamined by RT PCR.Results In theVDN groups,in contrast to the absence of change in plasma calcium,treatment with vitamin D 3 plus nicotine produced considerable increase (14.1 times) in aorta calcium content.Hcy aggravated this increase,causing that the aorta calcium content in VDN+Hcy group increased by 18.9 times.However,rats only treated with Hcy did not have this change.OP mRNA was detected in the aorta of VDN rats and Hcy increased the expression of OP mRNA by 56.76%.Conclusions Hcy can increase calcium content and the expression of OP mRNA in aorta of VDN rats,but has no same effect on control rats.It may be a promoting factor for calcification,but not an initiating factor.


Credit risk assessment is associated with uncertainty of many factors which are hard to describe mathematically. This reduces the probability of success of specialized lending as well. Among the various risk assessment methods suitable for specialized lending risk assessment, it's possible to single out a scenario approach that uses the methods of fuzzy set theory to calculate the values of membership functions. However, the problem of ranking the set of project implementation scenarios for which a loan is requested is not studied enough. Despite the existing technical difficulties of risk factors management, the ranking of the risks of project implementation can be carried out by comparing with the ones from the database using the logical-linguistic classification method. The purpose of the study is to develop new methods of credit risk assessment based on the logical and linguistic classification of specialized lending projects as well as algorithms for assessing the credit risk of the project with determining its rating. The definition of a Project is used according to the concept of Project Finance as one of the classes of specialized lending. Methods: the assignment of weight factors for all subclasses of credit requirements, the assignment of risk levels for all values of the types of criteria, introduction of a table of the risk value assessment or the creditworthiness of the project, the formation of a database of reference attribute strings for all classes of projects, generating attribute strings for the analyzed project, assigning the analyzed project to the benchmark using the logical-linguistic classification method, assigning risk degree values for the analyzed project for all values of the criteria (attribute) types of the selected reference project, calculating the credit risk assessment of the analyzed project and determining the rating of the analyzed project for decision making. Results: based on the proposed risk assessment method, an algorithm for calculating the risk assessment of lending to the analyzed project with determining its rating was developed. Practical significance: the results of the research can be used in the development of computer program allowing to accelerate risk assessment of project financing.


The TCP congestion control mechanism along with unfairness problem poses poor performance when IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol is used in multi-hop ad hoc networks because the traditional TCP has poor interaction with the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol. Because of the greedy nature of TCP, starvation problem of TCP flows with longer paths is severe. In this paper, we first illustrate that the fairness, congestion control and medium contention are closely coupled issues and the spatial reuse of the channel can improve the performance of wireless ad hoc network. By using concurrent transmission protocol at the MAC layer, like CTMAC, in multi-hop networks we can achieve simultaneous transmissions within the interference regions. Further, we illustrate with extensive simulations in ns-2 that by scheduling multiple concurrent transmissions along the path links, the starvation problem due to greedy nature of TCP can be eliminated and ensuing higher flow throughput and lower end-to-end delay.


are considered detrimental to health. Thus, air pollution which interferes with food consump¬ tion, water intake, sleep, relaxation, 6,nd re¬ creation or which creates physical or mental stress is recognized as impairing health. In the past few decades concern with air pollution has changed considerably from primarily prob¬ lems of smoke and fly ash to problems involv¬ ing toxic and noxious fumes, gases, and dusts as well.


Poly(methyl methacrylate) beads were hybridized with Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ nanoparticles through electrostatic interactions using the layer-by-layer adsorption technique to prepare fluorescent beads for biological application. The subsequent sequential adsorption of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) onto the composite beads prevented the detachment of the Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ nanoparticles. The fluorescent beads were observed as tight dot plots by flowcytometry. Bovine serum albumin can be immobilized on the surface of the composite beads and tagged with a red dye through an antigen–antibody reaction. This result indicates that the composite beads are useful for bead assays such as flowcytometry.


One of the most notable advances in cardiology of the past decade has been the development and clinical application of a novel class of potent antiplatelet agents — the platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa integrin inhibitors. In the mid-1990s, large-scale, randomized, controlled clinical trials of these agents documented highly significant and clinically relevant reductions in the morbidity and mortality of percutaneous coronary intervention. Subsequently, GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors were found to prevent ischaemic events in patients admitted with the acute coronary syndromes of unstable angina or non-Q wave myocardial infarction. The first GP IIb/IIIa agent brought to market in the U.S.A. (1994) was abciximab (ReoPro, Centocor, Malvern, PA, U.S.A., and Eli Lilly, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A.). Abciximab is the Fab fragment of a chimeric murine–human monoclonal antibody to the GP IIb/ IIIa integrin. Abciximab binds to GP IIb/IIIa with high affinity and has a slow receptor off-rate, resulting in a long biological half-life ( 12 h). In clinical trials, treatment with abciximab during percutaneous coronary intervention consistently provided impressive reductions in the incidence of ischaemic events across a series of trials including EPIC, EPILOG, CAPTURE, and EPISTENT. In 1998, eptifibatide (Integrilin, COR Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, U.S.A., and Schering-Plough, Kenilworth, NJ, U.S.A.) and tirofiban (Aggrastat, Merck, West Point, PA, U.S.A.) were approved for use by the U.S.A. Food and Drug Administration. These agents are distinguished from abciximab by a much shorter half-life ( 2–3 h), a rapid off-rate, and greater selectivity for the GP IIb/IIIa receptor complex. Results of pivotal clinical trials of these two agents in the percutaneous coronary intervention indication, however, were disappointing. In the IMPACT II trial of eptifibatide and the RESTORE trial of tirofiban, lower degrees of absolute and relative benefit were seen in comparison to the abciximab series of trials. Potential explanations for this disparity included both pharmacodynamic issues (particularly the extended duration of action of abciximab) and the potential role of receptor cross-reactivity of abciximab with other receptors beside GP IIb/IIIa. Based on the trial results, the clinical and commercial con-


Tying Initial Public Offering (IPO) allocations of common stock to after-listing purchases in the IPO shares, a process referred to as IPO laddering, has resulted in large-scale investigations of the major investment banks by the SEC and the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD). This process is claimed to drive after-listing share prices above their fundamental values, and is illegal under the laws against market manipulation and fraud. As a result, investment banks are reluctant to distribute information about their allocation practices, so investigating the alleged laddering and its implications has proven to be diffi cult. With a new and unique dataset of 16,593 IPO allocations on the Oslo Stock Exchange (OSE), we confirm the SEC's suspicion that IPO allocations are dependent on after-listing trading. Allocations to after-listing purchasing investors has been combined with allocations to high brokerage commissions generating investors that can take advantage of the IPO laddering, thereby allowing investment banks to recapture some of the money left on the table in IPOs. Allocated IPO investors buy more shares after new listings because they are rewarded for doing so with more IPO allocations.


A mixture process variable (MPV) design consists of mixture design and process variable(s). The problem in MPV experiment is the number of experiment runs will be larger if the process variable increases. An optimal design can be a solution to produce a good design with a certain criterion and a limited number of runs. In practice, the compositions of the mixture design are running on each level of the process variable(s). It has a consequence that the randomization is restricted. A split-plot design can be an alternative to overcome the problem. In this research, the whole plots of the split-plot design were the levels of the process variable(s) and the subplots were the compositions of the mixture experiments. In addition, two optimality criteria were used: D-optimality and I-optimality criterion. The D-optimal design is searching a design by minimizing covariance of model parameters meanwhile the I-optimal design is seeking a design by minimizes average of the prediction variance. The study case was a baking experiment in which consisted of three flours and a process variable. It is surprised that the D-optimal design out performed compared to the I-optimal design in terms of the variance prediction in this case.


Aberration in the human eye,has been showed its significance in limiting visual performance of the human retina.Although there are many measurements methods of the eye′s aberration,the standard method of human eye aberration has not been published.Up to now there have been some of technique which are Aberroscope,Hartmann-shack wave-front sensor,interferometric method and double-pass method and the MTF measurements instrument measuring the retina′MTF function.In this paper,those methods are described in detail and the direction of their development is pointed out.


The optimum concentrations of nutrients (glucose and yeast extract) and cultivation conditions (concentration of sodium chloride, pH and incubation time) on docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) production by Schizochytrium sp. S31 in flasks at 30°C were studied. Experiment design employed fractional factorial design, path of steepest ascent, central composite design and response surface methodology (RSM). The empirical model developed by RSM was adequate to describe the relationships between the studied factors and the response of DHA production. Based on contour plots and canonical analysis, the optimal conditions for maximizing DHA production (516 mg/L) were at 27.98 g glucose/L, 4.52 g yeast extraction/L, 24.82 g sodium chloride/L, pH 6.96 and incubation for 4 days at 30C. Experimental verification of the optimal conditions resulted in about 97% of the predicted DHA production by the model.


Delegates from U.N.E.S.C.O.'s 122 member states (including 39 African countries) attended this session of the General Conference, at which three additional states—Barbados, Mauritius, and the Yemen—were admitted. W. A. Eteki-Mboumoua—Minister of Education, Arts, and Letters in Cameroun, 1961–8—was elected president of the session, the first African to hold such office. In his presidential address, Mr Eteki-Mboumoua called for the preservation of oral traditions in Africa and for more—as well as more effective—aid from the developed to the developing countries.


This paper examines the design of digital compensators for high frequency switching dc-dc buck converters. While a high sampling frequency is desirable for digital controllers to minimize intersample effects and recover the performance of the analog compensator (e.g. regulation, robustness with respect input voltage and load fluctuations), finite wordlength effects (i.e. binary approximation/truncation) become more pronounced when faster sampling rates are used. High sampling rates are also accompanied by larger power consumption. When low sampling rates are used, (appropriate truncation algorithms) permit the use of fewer bits to represent compensator coefficients. This reduces final chip area, power consumption, and cost - all very important for application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) applications. This, however, comes at the expense of performance degradation because of zero-order-hold (ZOH) phase lag and intersample effects. This is a fundamental limitation associated with the traditional two-step design procedure - analog-design followed by conversion-to-digital. While one can compensate for the effects of the ZOH/intersample behavior, direct discrete-time design approach is more systematic. It must be noted, however, that even a direct discrete-time design approach has fundamental limitations. This is because such an approach does not directly take into account intersample behavior. Because of this, the direct design approach may result in unnecessarily (conservatively) high sampling rates.


[Objective] To explore the effect of Physalis on serum lipid in rats.[Method] A total of 80 young male Wistar rats were assigned randomly into eight groups,10 in each group.The rats of three groups fed with high-fat feed,and they were then gavaged Physalis added to the feed at concentrations of 10,20 and 30 g/kg,respectively.The rats suffering from hyperlipemia were gavaged Physalis at a concentration of 25 g/kg.After 20 d,the levels of total cholesterol(TC),total triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were determined.[Result] Compared with the rats having high serum lipid,those which were gavaged Physalis at a concentration of 30 g/kg had significantly lower levels of LDL-C and TG(P﹤0.01 or 0.05),and those which were gavaged Physalis at a concentration of 10 or 20 g/kg had significantly higher level of HDL-C(P﹤0.05).In lipid regulation experiment,the rats gavaged Physalis had significantly lower levels of LDL-C and TG(P﹤0.01)and significantly higher level of HDL-C(P﹤0.01)than the rats suffering from hyperlipemia.[Conclusion] Physalis can reduce the levels of serum TG and LDL-C and increase serum HDL-C of rats fed with high fat feed or rats suffering from hyperlipemia.Therefore,Physalis can reduce serum lipid.


in terms of symptoms. Pathological alterations of and studied by means post-mortem examinations. New diagnostic techniques, as auscultation and percussion, revealed structural changes in the body while the was still alive. Traditional observations way to clinical examination. The clinic and teaching hospital emerged as the important institutional for the study of