Simulated Kalman Filter (SKF) solves optimization problems by finding the estimate of the optimum solution. As a multi-agent algorithm, every agent in the population acts as a Kalman filter by using a standard Kalman filter framework, which includes a simulated measurement process and a best-so-far solution as a reference. This paper presented an overview of the research progress in SKF from the day it was introduced until the present day, discussing the progress, improvements, modifications, and applications of SKF. The fundamental and standard algorithm were first introduced. Then, the work on the algorithm improvements was surveyed. Finally, the remaining unresolved problems and some directions of SKF research were discussed. We reviewed 57 SKF papers. 16 of them on fundamental improvements, 9 on extension of the algorithm to discrete problems and 25 on their applications. Researchers have worked on ideas to improve exploration capability to prevent premature convergence by trying prediction operators, opposition-based learning, and different iteration strategies. There were also attempts to hybridize SKF with other famous algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA), and Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) to improve its performance. Lastly, a single-agent variant of SKF and a multi-objective SKF were introduced. SKF algorithms and its variants have been implemented in at least nine areas of applications: drill path optimization, airport gate allocation problem (AGAP), assembly sequence planning (ASP), system identification, feature selection, image template matching, controller tuning, wireless sensor network, and engineering design problem. The literature reviewed solely depended on the keyword search that contained the terms simulated Kalman filter from December 2015 to the present date. This is the first review paper on SKF. It is hoped that this survey would be beneficial for the researchers of this area and attracting interest towards the algorithm.


In France, neo‐corporatism has characterised and shaped core components of environmental policy. The argument is made that environmental policy‐making has suffered from implementation deficits, partly because of a lack of resources, technical responses and administrative capacity, but also because of socio‐economic obstacles embedded within long‐standing systems of interest representation. Through case studies of nature protection and the hunt lobby, industrial pollution control, and water management, the meso‐corporatist model is used to elucidate early patterns of interaction between public administration and socio‐economic actors, identify the recent problems associated with exiting from these societal arrangements, and help assess some of the environmental consequences.


In industrial area, a pipe is required as a media to stream fluid form one point to another point. Combined pipes in which there are components and installation equipment operating on a plant is called a piping system. This piping system must be able to withstand all loads that work both loads that remain static loads or loads that vary according to the dynamic load time function. The ability of the piping system to withstand the working load so as not to cause a failure known as the flexibility of the piping system. In the piping system can be found components that complement the system such as valves, branching, elbow, flange, nozzle, reducer, pedestal, insulation, and others. The piping system is divided into two categories piping and pipeline. The difference between the two can be seen from the function and the total length. Piping is used to drain the fluid between the equipment that operates on a plant. While the pipeline is more functional to the needs of transmission and fluid distribution from one point to another point. In general, pipes are code International Standards in the use and operation process of ASME B31.3 Process Piping which analyzes the force and moment in each nozzle, the connection between pipes with equipment such as tanks, filters, pumps, vessels and heat exchangers. Because in the field there is still a lot of pipe leaks and failures,in this case a pipe has a big role in order to stream the fluid, but it is found that there are still many failures happening in it. Then its very important to do the stress and displacement analysis of pipeline system. The results of this pipe stress analysis that has been analyzed is not necessarily no problem, but must be analyzed again load - load on the flange and nozzel equipmentnya. In conducting pipeline system analysis assisted by using CAESAR II software is expected to have understanding and deepening of the design process of piping system.CAESAR II has been selected as means of stress and displacement analysis. CAESAR II serves to facilitate the completion of stress analysis and displacement by comparing the accuracy in analytical calculations in order to simplify and can streamline the time in the work process. The objective of this study is to analyze the stress of 107JBT pipeline modification turbine inlet. Using the resulted stress analysis and displacement then compares it to the allowed value limits in accordance with the recognized codes and standards of use in the world. Pipe that is in condition of limit of permit or already fulfill the requirement ASME B31.3 code standard, design of pipe construction can be applied to field. CAESAR II data includes pipe length, pipe diameter, schedule, material, pipe density, fluid density, temperature and stress. The results of analysis are bending stress table, torque stress, allowable stress, and axial stress of each node. In CAESAR II there are 2 methods of results in achieving calculations in analyzing the stress . The analysis is divided into resulted stress of sustain load and thermal load.The voltage caused by the Sustain load is the burden experienced by the piping system continuously during normal operation. This load is a combination of loads caused by internal pressure and heavy load. This load usually occurs due to the burden of the weight of the piping system itself. The voltage generated by the Thermal load is the burden caused by the thermal expansion that occurs in the piping system. This thermal load usually occurs as a result of the large and very rapid temperature differences in the pipe wall causing stress The results of stress analysis using CAESAR II is obtained that the stress including bending voltage, torsion voltage, permission voltage, axial voltage and hoop voltage that occurs in the pipe does not exceed Allowable Stress


We report on the appearance of a structure at low energies in the photoelectron momentum distribution of the hydrogen atom exposed to two-color counterrotating bicircular laser fields. These structures, which arise due to ac-Stark-shifted resonances, break the threefold symmetry, typical for the $\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{-}2\ensuremath{\omega}$ bicircular fields. We discuss the physical origin of this structure in terms of partial-wave interference between direct ionization channels and a resonant pathway, which passes through the ac-Stark-shifted state, and show how the underlying Rydberg state population depend on the field strength and pulse duration.


Optogenetics technology is a new approach to neural regulation that can integrate genetic engineering and optical technology. The advent of this technology has given neuroscience a huge boost, which has been widely used in animal behavior, clinical medicine, molecular biology, cell biology, and other fields. This review summarized the progress in the field of hybrid optoelectronic implantable neural interfaces for optogenetics. Specifically, the implantable optical waveguide neural interfaces and integrated micro-LEDs optrodes are discussed in detail. The advantages and limitations of various optoelectronic neural interfaces are summarized to illuminate the future of optogenetics development.


Marine macroalgae could be an important supplement in animal nutrition for their health-promoting effects. In recent years, the search of natural substances as substitutes of prophylactic antibiotics increased. Seaweeds, in particular brown algae, possess distinctive compounds such as laminarin and fucoidan, studied for their biologically active functions. Recent studies have shown that these bioactive components can positively affect the health and wellbeing improving intestinal mucosa metabolism, and have anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. The present work is focuses on the health-promoting activities of seaweeds, in particular brown algae, as swine dietary supplement.


Background: Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with an increased risk of subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate patients with lichen planus using carotid Doppler ultrasound parameters.Methods: Forty patients with lichen planus and 40 controls were included in this study. Common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) and the number of atherosclerotic plaque weremeasured and compared to the control group. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were measured. Leptin level (Pg/ml)was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method (Leptin ELISA kit, Orgenium, Finland).Results: Significant difference was found between the groups in terms of CIMT (P=0.005). The median range for blood leptin level, triglyceride, cholesterol, and LDL was higher for lichen planus patients than for controls. We found a significant difference between the severity of LP and CIMT (P=0.035). No statistical difference was found between LP and the number of atherosclerotic plaque.Conclusions: Our study suggested that measurement of the mean intima media wall thickness of the common carotid artery could be beneficial as a valuable method for early diagnosis of atherosclerosis in lichen planus.


Reading research in English has been very influential in the field of reading on theoretical models of reading as well as reading methodology. However, in recent years many voices have been raised against relying on findings in a language which has an atypical orthography as we discuss below (see Share, 2008, for a detailed review). It is, therefore, argued that language specific properties such as the phonological and morphological features that influence orthographies need to be considered. Furthermore, the social-cultural and economic contexts in which teaching of learning is taking place also need to be taken into consideration. In Zambia, the colonial legacy of English is all pervasive in the education system. In particular, the teaching of Zambian Bantu languages has been largely influenced by methods from English and the syllabi reflect features that one would normally associate with English second language methodology. The low status of local languages has meant that few students venture into specialising in African languages at university level, thus creating a shortage of experts who might counter the insidious effects of English on the teaching of local languages.


We present a method for certifying that the values computed by an imperative program will be bounded by polynomials in the program's inputs. To this end, we introduce mwp-matrices and define a semantic relation ⊧ C : M, where C is a program and M is an mwp-matrix. It follows straightforwardly from our definitions that there exists M such that ⊧ C : M holds iff every value computed by C is bounded by a polynomial in the inputs. Furthermore, we provide a syntactical proof calculus and define the relation ⊢ C : M to hold iff there exists a derivation in the calculus where C : M is the bottom line. We prove that ⊢ C : M implies ⊧ C : M.
 By means of exhaustive proof search, an algorithm can decide if there exists M such that the relation ⊢ C : M holds, and thus, our results yield a computational method.


I gratefully acknowledge financial support received from an ESRC Studentship Award (2012-2016), the Christ's College Hardship Fund (2016), and a Keynes Fund research grant (2016-2017, Faculty of Economics).


Objective To explore the relevant factors which affect the quality of life of the aged in nursing home.Methods Total 50 aged living in nursing home were studied.With self-control methods.The sleep quality,the ability of life the ability of life and the relationship with family members were evaluated after one year nursing.Results Compared with the pre-inter-vention,the sleep quality,the ability of life the ability of life and the relationship with family members of the aged made good progess after one year nursing(P0.01).Conclusions Nursing care in nursing home is very important to improve quality of life of the aged.


This chapter discusses ICT trends of the past decade, the emergence of Web 2.0 technologies, mobile computing (as distinguished from cloud computing), the pitfalls of social networking, security considerations in the workplace, copyright and Intellectual Property considerations, and how to best control threats and vulnerabilities. We are in a period of aggressive technological growth to which there is no foreseeable end. New technologies, such as Web 2.0 and cloud computing, are emerging at an exponential rate, and as a consequence, security threats, controls, and standards are iteratively evolving. As yet, we do not know the security and privacy implications that such a rapid and wide uptake of cloud computing, and other multi-user virtual environment initiatives, and Web 2.0 technologies, will bring. In no way is this cause to panic, instead it is cause to focus on self-education, employee-education, and awareness. To put it simply, these offer our best defense to security threats. By being educated, aware, and vigilant, the majority of threats are nullified, as they are designed to prey upon those who rely on trust when reading emails, visiting Websites, and accessing site content, when navigating the World Wide Web. For example, there are millions of users who are completely unaware of threats, such as phishing, and other forms of Internet-based fraud. More than ever before, the onus is on the individual, both at home and in the workplace, to be responsible for maintaining best practice techniques, while utilizing digital resources to ensure that information security, individual privacy, and applicable legislation are not breached. This can only be achieved through iterative education processes, general awareness, and vigilance.


This paper proposes applying local optimization on fractal antennas to design a miniature multiband microstrip antenna. A carpet fractal of fourth iteration is designed within a patch area of 40.5 mm × 40.5 mm on a substrate with a relative permittivity of 3.38 and a thickness of 1.52mm. Local optimization is applied to fine-tune the location and size of each slot as well as the location of the feed position. The design objectives were to allocate the antenna resonance at a frequency less than 2 GHz, ensure a broadside radiation at the resonant frequency and increase the antenna directivity. The results indicate that the performance of the fractal antenna can be considerably improved by local adjustment of its geometry parameters. The optimized fractal antenna has been fabricated and its performance has been measured.


The aim of this short note is to fill in a gap in our earlier paper (Ann. Appl. Probab. 23 (2013) 2420–2457) on 2BSDEs with reflections, and to explain how to correct the subsequent results in the second paper (Stochastic Process. Appl. 124 (2014) 2281–2321). We also provide more insight on the properties of 2RBSDEs, in the light of the recent contributions (Li and Peng (2017); Soumana Hima (2017)) in the so-called G-framework.


Purpose
In the modern era of precision medicine, next-generation sequencing (NGS) is employed for a variety of clinical purposes. The aim of this study was to investigate the trends and clinical characteristics of NGS testing in South Korea.

Materials and Methods
This nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study examined National Health Insurance Service claims data from 2017 to 2021 for NGS and from 2008 to 2021 for gene-targeted anticancer drugs.

Results
Among the total 98,748 claims, there were 51,407 (52.1%) solid cancer panels, 30,173 (30.6%) hereditary disease panels, and 17,168 (17.4%) hematolymphoid cancer panels. The number of annual claims showed a persistent upward trend, exhibiting a 5.4-fold increase, from 5,436 in 2017 to 29,557 in 2021. In the solid cancer panel, colorectal cancer was the most common (19.2%), followed by lung cancer (18.8%). The annual claims for targeted cancer drugs have increased 25.7-fold, from 3,932 in 2008 to 101,211 in 2020. Drugs for the treatment of lung cancer accounted for 488,819 (71.9%) claims. The number of patients who received non-hereditary NGS testing has substantially increased, and among them, the count of patients prescribed targeted anticancer drugs consistently rose from 508 (13.9%) in 2017 to 2,245 (12.3%) in 2020.

Conclusion
This study highlights the rising nationwide demand for comprehensive genetic testing for disease diagnosis and treatment following NGS reimbursement by the National Health Insurance in South Korea, in addition to the need for greater utilization of targeted anticancer drugs.


The electron deformation density of the complex Cl(CO) 4 Cr≡CC 6 H 5 crystallizing in the noncentrosymmetric space group I4 1 md was determined at 100 K, using Hanson and Coppens'aspherical atom multipolar model. Positional parameters obtained in this refinement are very close to those obtained by a neutron diffraction experiment recorded at the same temperature. Maps of the electron deformation density show characteristic features of the C≡O and Cr-C ligands interactions, and an important effect of back-bonding between the metal and the carbon atoms is in agreement with the Chatt and Duncanson model


Do understanders use comparison or categorization in understanding simile or etaphor? This article claims that the intense debate about this has been misdirected, for various reaso ns including inattention to the different possible forms of categorization and comparison, and to the murkiness o f the comparison/categorization distinction. Instead of using that distinction as a crucial divider between meta phor/simile theories, it is more revealing to consider a theoretical space defined by various proce ssing dimensions that cut across comparison and categorization: Target/Source Contribution Disparity, Tar get/Source Mediacy-Preservation, and Target/Source Mediator-Carefulness (where mediators and mediacy con ern the relationship between the two concepts juxtaposed in a metaphor or simile). Experimental results addu ced in the debate do not show whether categorization or comparison is being used but rather wher e t understanding process is positioned on those dimensions (and perhaps others). Comparison and ca tegorization can both supply any needed positioning. NOTES to Editors and Reviewers: (1) This article has 16,600 words all-inclusive. I believe it merits being in the E xt nded article category (target length 18,000 words), possibly with added discussion of unclear points at the discretion of editors and reviewers, but I would be happy to have it instead as a Regular article (targ t length 12,000 words) after suitable shortening. If the decision is for the latter then I would be grateful f or any suggestions about what content could be sacrificed. (2) This article is a greatly extended and elaborated version of a book cha pter (Barnden, forthcoming). That chapter, which has only about 7,400 words, is in essence an extended a bstract of some of the current article. In particular, this article contains various additional major components (notab ly sections 5.4 and 6), ideas, evidence and arguments not reflected at all in the chapter, and refines s om of the ideas there. 1


Grounding system serves to drain electrical current into the ground through a ground electrode planted in the ground in case of a disturbance. Besides, grounding also serves as a safety man from bahay electricity. After conducting measurements using Digital Earth Tester, the first electrode prisoners pentanahannya 5.48 Ω and the second electrode prisoners grounding 5.39 Ω. While based on manual calculation grounding. Differences prisoner custody bias occurs because 5.36753 Ω. Based on calculations and measurements it can be concluded that the detainee grounding on College Building 1 Civil Engineering Polytechnic of Sriwijaya not meet the standards of General Requirements Electrical Installation (PUIL). It is recommended that the resistance value remains constant checks should be performed regularly or periodically, and the grounding system should be fixed again as prisoners digedung grounding is not incompatible with the applicable standards and should the amount of earth electrode reproduced or added.
Keyword : Grounding, electrode, building of civil engineering


Normal 0 21 false false false ES-TRAD X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} Normal 0 21 false false false ES-TRAD X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} This paper presents some findings of a small study of a group of social science degree students and the way in which they dealt with statistical skills. The theoretical context of the study is the branch of mathematics education know as >. It is concluded that conventional examination are inadecuated motivator for mature students, for those with low confidence, and for students learning very basic mathematics.


The problem of finding a lattice with a given abstract group of automorphisms has been solved by Garrett Birkhoff who proved that for any group of order g there exists a distributive lattice with at most elements. That this number can be somewhat reduced by modifications of Birkhoff's original procedure has already been shown by the author; it turns out, however, that it remains rather high for finite groups of relatively low order.


The forest offers many different values. Besides the economic values from the wood there are also other values in nature like ancient monuments and biodiversity.
To support people to preserve these values there are different economic contributions to apply for. The purpose of this study is to analyze the reasons why people who have the right to apply for these contributions do not apply. The Swedish forest agency is the outsourcer to this investigation. Furthermore this investigation is trying to find out if there is a certain group of people who is not applying for these contributions, and who needs more information about them. This was made by sending 490 surveys to forest owners in the county of Vastmanland.
To the question if the respondents knew about the contributions 67 percent answered that they did not know about the contributions and 27 percent answered that they did. The remaining six percent answered both alternatives, or that they did not know.
The knowledge about the contributions was a bit higher among elder people and men, compared to younger people and women. But the differences were not big. The conclusion is that the main reason for the forest owners not to apply for the contributions is that they do not know that they have the possibility.


Summary

Overuse of molluscicides by farmers in arable systems can lead to environmental and product contamination. Here we assess a simple and inexpensive surface trapping method for monitoring populations of slugs (Deroceras reticulatum and Arion intermedius). This method was biased against small slugs, and against A. intermedius, when compared to direct soil sampling. Regression was used to model the relationship between the results of surface trapping and soil sampling methods. Spatial Analysis by Distance IndicEs (SADIE) algorithms were used to describe the spatial relationships between the two sets of samples. Using both traditional statistical methods and spatial statistics, the spatial information collected from surface traps was sufficient to identify patches and gaps in slug numbers and possibly to allow the spot application of slug control, and thus provide land managers who experience slug damage with a way of reducing molluscicides use, whilst maintaining slug control. Further improvements and applications of the model are discussed.


We have defended in [2, 3] the idea that the physical Church thesis, if it holds, explains the efficiency of mathematics to describe the laws of nature. And also that it suggests that the laws of nature can be expressed, not only in a language of propositions, but also in a language of algorithms. The arguments of Gandy [4], that support the physical Church thesis, even suggest that these algorithms may operate on the elements of a countable set, such as the natural numbers, the rational numbers, the elements of an extension of finite degree of the field of rational numbers, the computable real numbers, ... Nevertheless, the desire to remain as close as possible to the traditional formulations of the laws of nature rather leads to try to describe these laws using algorithms operating on real numbers. This use of algorithms operating on real numbers may be just a first step, but it may also simplify the formulation of these laws, that might be much more complex, if formulated as algorithms operating on the elements of a countable set. An algorithmic formulation of the laws of nature should not predict more than a propositional formulation of the same laws. As some of the laws of physics are non deterministic, it seems that we must use non deterministic algorithms to express these laws in an algorithmic way. The notion of non deterministic algorithm and that of algorithm operating on real numbers have been defined and well studied. It seems however that the conjunction of these two notions, that is the notion of non deterministic algorithm operating on real numbers, remains to be defined. We discuss in this paper what such a definition may be. We assume that the notion of computable function operating on the natural numbers is known. The set of such functions can, for instance, be defined as the smallest set containing the projections, the null functions, the successor function and closed by composition, definitions by induction and minimization. Other definitions based on the notions of rewrite systems, terms of lambdacalculus, or Turing machines are possible. This notion extends to countable sets by numbering their elements.


7591 Background: The implementation of new theranostic biomarkers in Oncology is leading to impressive therapeutic improvements. In patients with lung cancer, the possibility to use Circulating Tum...


Nanophotonic structures including photonic crystals and plasmonics have a lot of potential applications in spectral sensing. These devices typically require electron beam lithography, a slow process, for fabrication. Successful commercialization of these technologies requires reproducible, high volume fabrication. Projection lithography is an established process for rapid, reproducible patterning. We have successfully pushed the limits of projection lithography to develop a low-cost, high-throughput alternative to electron beam lithography for our nanoscale, visible-wavelength photonic crystal spectral sensors. The developed process is 100 times faster than electron beam lithography for 10mm by 10mm dies on a four inch wafer. Testing of the photonic crystals in spectral sensors shows uniformity in large scale production which is robust to defects from processing.


A software framework has been developed to meet the needs of digital consumer electronics, such as Digital TV, mobile phone and car AV equipment. This framework named "Embedded-Media Framework" offers improvements in software development efficiency leading to shorter development time and enhanced software quality, thus easy to adjust to a new field for various digital consumer electronics. The framework consists of the common function specification and equipment oriented chain specification. The chain specifications are defined for Digital TV live-play, recording and Internet media playback functions. In this paper, we intend to explain the evaluation for the digital TV live-play functionality based on this framework.


Nowadays, social networks bridge people around the world. They are not only space-saving but also time-saving, which absolutely promote international cooperation exchanges and give mankind huge and diverse knowledge. There is no room for doubt that social networks bring numerous benefits for our society. Nevertheless, besides the advantages, there are always negative sides which need to be concerned to avoid the misuse of bad objects with fabricated information, distorting a truth and issues, "turning white, replacing black", misrepresent historical facts, denying Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh's thought Minhism, fighting against orientations and policies of the Party and the State. These kinds of information mentioned above are concerned on bad and malicious information. This study illustrates the overall picture of the current usage of social networks in Viet Nam. The primary object of this study is Vietnamese student in particular. The goal of this study is to help students identify and avoid bad and malicious information from social networks and prevent students from being abused by opposite forces. Keyword: social networks, students, bad and malicious information.


Minas Gerais State accounts for 35% of the Brazilian Mineral Production. The state is the largest producer of iron ore in the country accounting for 70% of national production. In the context of iron ore production highlights the municipality of Congonhas located in the basin of the Upper Paraopeba in south-eastern of the Quadrilatero Ferrifero. Assuming that mining enters the urban area of Congonhas, the objective of this study is to assess its extent and address the environmental and social economic aspects of the activity. For 2015 it is estimated, for the Alto Paraopeba, an extraction of 120 million tonnes of iron ore and a production of 12 million tons / year of steel and the largest concentration of mining activity is in Congonhas. The methodology adopted in this study was based on the environmental and social issues based on the Federal Constitution, which divides the powers into spheres of responsibility and care. A comprehensive literature review sought to identify publications related to mining and investigate urban environmental conflicts. The control areas of the DNPM-MG was used as a source for defining the limits of mining areas of interest. The results of this study show that mining in Congonhas is bordering the town, occupying urbanized areas and areas of touristic and environmental preservation significances. Iron ore accounts for 49% of the polygons of mining rights. In this context 50.7% of the surface area of the municipality finds itself committed to iron ore. The environmental conflicts are evident with emphasis on the impacts to water resources, excessive dust, the significant degradation of scenic and cultural values as well as the neighbourhood impacts. Per capita income of Congonhas resident population is fairly low and do not differs from the income of neighbouring towns, suggesting that mining has not been revealed as a local development agent.


In article various types of advertizing which function in modern mass communication are considered. The typical signs are allocated, allowing to structure advertizing. The diskursivnyj analysis of various samples of advertizing messages allows to explain existing distinctions in is art-visual and verbal receptions of the organization of the advertizing material, means of achievement of understanding of advertizing idea the consumer. In article convincing components of a semantic field of the advertizing are considered, allowing to understand specificity of an advertizing product.


The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of brand community brand loyalty through customer value on the Yamaha Vixion Club Indonesia Chapter Semarang. Which is in this study were divided into three communities brand awareness variables together, rituals and traditions, and moral responsibility. This type of research is explanatory, with the technique of collecting data through questionnaires. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique, the sample of 40 people s who are members of the Yamaha Vixion Club Indonesia Chapter Semarang. The method of analysis used in this study is Part Analiyst. Based on the calculations show that there is a variable effect of collective consciousness, rituals and traditions, moral responsibility, and customer value significant positive effect on brand loyalty in the amount of 66.7%.Based on the analysis of pathways directly influences have a greater value than the indirect effect, it shows a member of the community with brand customer will immediately have a sense of loyalty to the brand without having to feel the value or benefits as a member of the community.


Objective\ To study the discordant cardiac xenotransplantation, the model of rat to rabbit heterotopic cardiac xenotransplantation was established.\ Methods\ Sprague\|Dawley rats served served as donors and New Zealand white rabbits as the recipients.\ The aorta and the main pulmonary artery of the donor were anastomosed with the right common carotid artery and the external jugular vein of the recipient respectively with the cuff technique.\ Results\ 48 times of formal transplantation were done with the successful rate being 100%.\ The ischemic time of the donor heart were 12±5 minutes and the anastomosis time were only 2~4 minutes.\ Conclusion\ In this model, the localization in the model of celiac cardiac xenotransplantation is overcome and the transplanting technique is simplified.\;


To the Editor.—
 We are concerned about the statistical inferences, assumptions for comparisons, and arguments of logic implicit in the recent article on survival of infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension with ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation).1 The authors did acknowledge the difficulties of retrospective review, especially over 8 years when obstetrical and neonatal care should be improving. However, other details not reported on their patient population and classification might yield important information for this historical comparison.


Objective To evaluate the association between genetic polymorphism of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors(KIR) and HIV/AIDS in the population of the world.Methods The OR of KIR gene distributions in the population with risk factors of HIV/AIDS against the population without the risk factors was analyzed.All the relevant studies were collected from databases e.g.,Medline and CBM.The studies of poor quality were eliminated,and the risk of publication bias was evaluated.The Meta-analysis was applied for investigating heterogeneity among individual studies and summarizing the results across studies.Results KIR3DS1 was the protective gene of HIV/AIDS.The pooled OR was 0.65,95%CI was 0.48 to 0.88 in 6 relative studies.Conclusion KIR3DS1 genes in case-control study may be associated with HIV/AIDS.No certain relationship between other KIR genes and HIV/AIDS was found.


This paper describes a single chip solution of the JPEG standard's baseline system. A VLSI architecture is proposed to get better trade-off between chip size and performance. The IC is implemented in a 1.0 mu m CMOS process with a die size of 11.2*10.8 mm/sup 2/.<<ETX>>


The Lower Arkansas River Valley (LARV) in southeastern Colorado is a key resource for stakeholders in southeastern Colorado due to its valuable agriculture production. Because of a rising water table due to excessive irrigation and canal seepage, much of the soil-aquifer system in the valley has become salinized, thereby negatively impacting crop yield. High groundwater salinity loading to the Arkansas River stream network also impacts downstream areas, with saline river water diverted for application on irrigated fields. The overall aim of this project is to develop a numerical modeling framework capable of simulating the transport of salt ions within the stream- aquifer-soil system, so that current conditions of salinity can be assessed and possible remediation strategies in the region can be explored. This presentation summarizes accomplishments during the first phase of the project, which includes: 1) Simulating the fate and transport of sulfur species (principally sulfate SO 4 ) in a 500 km 2 region of the LARV using the UZF-RT3D groundwater reactive transport model; 2) Developing a comprehensive salinity module that can be coupled with the UZF-RT3D model and that accounts for equilibrium chemistry and precipitation-dissolution processes; and 3) Collecting field data at multiple scales to enable future model testing. The developed UZF-RT3D model was used to simulate cycling and transport of sulfur species, and accounts for advection-dispersion processes, first-order kinetic reactions, and sources and sinks of SO 4 such as irrigation water loading, canal seepage, crop uptake, groundwater pumping, and mass loading to/from the river network. Results of this preliminary modeling study indicate that these processes and sources/sinks cannot account for the high groundwater SO 4 concentrations and loadings to the Arkansas River. Hence, an additional salinity module currently is being developed which accounts for salt ion equilibrium chemistry and precipitation-dissolution processes to improve the model results. Initial model testing with the nested equilibrium module will occur at the field scale, with model results compared with collected salinity data from a lysimeter site at the Arkansas Valley Research Center in Rocky Ford, CO.


Background: To investigate the cognition change of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) during a 6-year follow-up, and to evaluate the preventive and risk factors for MCI progression to dementia.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on the results of the epidemiological survey in 2011 (No. PKJ2010-Y26). A total of 441 MCI individuals, 60 years and above were involved. Cognitive function was measured by the mini-mental status examination (MMSE), clinical dementia rating (CDR), montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), and daily living scale (ADL). The association between demographic characteristics and MCI outcomes were evaluated using single-and multi-factor ordered logistic regression analysis models.
Results: Exclusion of the relocated community, the final follow-up rate was 43.8%. Individuals who were older, had more children, not in marriage, and with high income were easily lost to follow-up. Of the 441 MCI, 77 progressed to dementia (MCIp, 17.5%, 95% CI: 14.4-21.6%), 356 remained stable (MCIs, 80.7%, 95% CI: 77.0-88.4%), and 8 reverted to normal cognition (MCIr, 1.8%, 95% CI: 0.6-3.0%) at follow-up in 2017. Diabetes (P=0.047) and past occupations as managers (P=0.028) increased the risk of MCI progression to dementia. While, high education (P=0.006) was the protective factor of MCI progression.
Conclusions: High education, nondiabetic, and past occupation as a technical staff might prevent the progression of MCI to dementia.
Keywords: Mild cognitive impairment; dementia; ordered logistic regression analysis; education; diabetes; past occupation.


component. Emphasis has been on physical properties as studied by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, and optical microscopy. Several manifestations of slow changes in the crystalline state which are time- and temperature-dependent have been observed. Application of these results to a specific emulsion problem is discussed.


This paper describes the design and evaluation of an electronic road pricing (ERP) system for use in a multi-lane city road environment. The system is formed by an automatic vehicle identification-debiting (AVID) system, a vehicle position detector (VPD), and an enforcement camera system (ECS). The evaluation covered various aspects, including the design, the performance of subsystems, and of the integrated system, the system reliability, and the system qualification tests (SQT) prior to the production and implementation. The SQT result shows an unprecedented performance of the AVID system with one communication error in the first 1.3 million transactions and no communication errors in the second 1.3 million transactions. All violations were successfully detected by the enforcement camera system with about 12% of redundant images.


This paper presents the influence of volcanic activity in Kozhuf region over the development of diatoms existing in Tikvesh Neogene Lake.
As of the latest research it is stated that, the diatomaceous earth, at Veshje and Barovo sites consists rich and diverse association of benthic and plankton diatomite. The presence
of this rich and diverse diatomite flora is caused by the conditions during the Upper Pliocene volcanic products from the immediate vicinity, which enabled forming of a mineral resource - Diatomaceous earth on these sites.


We develop and implement asymptotic theory to conduct inference on continuoustime asset pricing models using individual equity returns sampled at high frequencies over an increasing time horizon. We study the identification and estimation of risk premia for the continuous and jump components of risks in this unified framework. Our results generalize the Fama-MacBeth two-pass regression approach from the classical discrete-time setting to a continuous-time factor model with general dynamics for the factors, idiosyncratic components and factor loadings. This allows for a clear distinction between continuous and jump risk, which is not possible in the usual Fama-MacBeth setting. Our empirical analysis of US equities illustrates in particular the salient role of jump risk premia in expected returns.


Abstract From a thermodynamic point of view, the Landau-Devonshire free energy expansion for ferroelectrics with a second order phase transition, can be truncated at the second order term. This expansion gives afairly good picture of the behaviour of the Polarization and Dielectric Constant both, below and above the transition temperature but close enough to it, and it is equivalent t othe molecular field prediction on the critical behaviour. However, we know l that for wider temperature intervals third and fourth order terms are necessary in order to fit the experimental results for Ps with the theoretical predictions.


Gastightness testing plays an increasingly important role in ensuring the quality and performance of sealed products and the safety of their use. In this paper, a gas tightness detection scheme based on carbon dioxide gas sensor is proposed. The adaptive weighted fusion algorithm is used to fuse the weighted data collected by multiple carbon dioxide sensors to compensate for the error of single sensor test. The method is applied to leak detection of tracer gas, with high detection accuracy and wide range to meet production demand.


I commend Johnstone and Lu for publishing this important article, which has motivated quite a lot of recent work on sparsity and statistical inference in high-dimensional settings. In their article, Johnstone and Lu present two main results. First, in the presence of considerable noise in the x variables, with a number of samples n not significantly larger than the number of variables p, the sample eigenvectors computed by standard principal component analysis (PCA) may be poor approximations to their population analogs. Second, if the sample observations are known to be sparse in some a priori known basis, then it is possible, via a thresholding procedure, to obtain both improved eigenvector estimates (provably consistent in an appropriate limit) as well as substantial computational savings. Because PCA is an unsupervised method, one question that a reader may ask is whether this curse of dimensionality, leading to large reconstruction errors in high dimensions, is the result of the lack of supervision. In other words, should we worry about similar problems in supervised settings, such as classification or regression, where for each sample x a response variable y is also given? Regretfully, the short answer to this question is yes. This curse of dimensionality also affects the supervised scenario. A few years ago, independent of the work of Johnstone and Lu, Ronald Coifman and myself (Nadler and Coifman 2005) considered a regression problem in a setting similar to the one considered in the article by Johnstone and Lu. Because the errors are in the x variables, this is an error-in-variables regression problem. Rather than analyzing the joint limit as both p, n ! ', in Nadler and Coifman (2005) we kept the number of variables p and the number of samples n as fixed, but viewed the noise strength s as a small parameter, and expanded the estimated regression vector and resulting mean squared error as a function of s. We showed that, similar to the findings of Johnstone and Lu, large prediction errors may occur in highdimensional settings. In particular, for various regression methods, such as classic least squares and partial least squares, we derived the following formula for the mean squared error of prediction:


The scientific administration of Novell teaching network is probed into in this essay from three aspects:the regular Novell administration,the establishment of the non-disk work station with multiple disposition and safe running measures


ABSTRACT For the integrated ferroelectric memory device, stress of every film in integrated ferroelectric capacitor is an important factor that can influence the properties of ferroelectric capacitor. Stresses of every film in integrated Pt/PZT/Pt capacitor are studied in this work. The PZT film is fabricated by sol-gel method. Al2O3 layer prepared by RF sputtering serves as the Hydrogen barrier interlayer, which presents a little tensile stress. SiO2 layer prepared by RF sputtering is applied to FeRAM as dielectric layer, which generates some compressive stress. The sputtering SiO2 dielectric layer can compensate the influence to ferroelectric capacitors due to tensile stresses from other layers.


PURPOSE: A transistor, a method for manufacturing the same, and an image sensor circuit are provided to reduce RTS noise by increasing the voltage threshold value of a transistor adjacent to an isolation region. CONSTITUTION: A channel(136) is arranged between two isolation regions. A gate dielectric(134) is arranged on the channel. A gate(114) is arranged on the gate dielectric. A voltage threshold value change feature is close to an edge region. The edge region increases the voltage threshold value of a transistor.


Abstract The volume median diameter (vmd) of a spray deposit is normally found by converting the drop diameters to their cubes, finding the total volume of the drops and thence the cumulative percentage volume of the drops. The results are plotted against drop diameter to determine the drop size corresponding to the 50% volume. Using the most concise mathematical method such an operation takes half an hour. Using a simple graphical method the vmd can be estimated with the same accuracy in approximately five minutes. The method of drawing the necessary cube curves and their subsequent use are described. Ways of avoiding unnecessary measurement of small drops are also discussed.


In What Sense is P(A|B) P(B) = P(A,B)? The Relationship between Distributional Format and Subjective Probability Estimates Belinda Bruza, Matthew B. Welsh, Daniel J. Navarro & Stephen H. Begg ({belinda.bruza, matthew.welsh, daniel.navarro, email@example.com) The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia Abstract Problem Representation The elicitation of uncertainty is a topic of interest in a range of disciplines. The conversion of expert beliefs into probability distributions can play a role in assisting key decisions in industry. However, elicitation methods can be prone to bias. In this paper we investigate the effect of changing the presentation of stimulus information and question format on elicited judgments of marginal, conditional and joint probabilities. Participants taught a probability distribution in one structure were expected to have difficulty assessing the distribution in another structure. While this pattern was not found, it turned out that training participants on the more difficult task (learning from a conditional structure) improved overall performance. A consistent finding in the decision-making literature is that people are sensitive to the surface representation of a problem. For instance: options described in terms of gains are evaluated differently to the same options when described in terms of losses (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979); changing the surface form of the Tower of Hanoi problem can alter the difficulty of the task (Gunzelmann & Blessing, 2000); and statistical problems expressed in terms of frequencies seem to be easier than the same problems described in terms of probabilities (Gigerenzer & Hoffrage, 1995). One interesting variation on the question of problem representation arises when people need to learn about and report on the joint distribution of two variables, A and B. Mathematically, we can describe the distribution to be learned and subsequently elicited in three formally equivalent ways, by noting that: Keywords: decision making; cognitive biases; elicitation; probability learning The "elicitation of uncertainty" is a general term that is often used to refer to methods for translating a set of implicit beliefs into an explicit probability distribution (Wolfson, 2001). The reason for using these methods is to allow researchers to incorporate subjective expert knowledge into a quantitative model that makes predictions about future events (Morgan & Keith, 1995). In view of this, good elicitation methods can play an important role in guiding decision making in a range of industries in which uncertain outcomes are central. One of the main impediments to widespread use of elicitation techniques in applied settings is the inherent difficulty of the task. This difficulty is caused by the many well-known decision-making heuristics and biases, which can distort the estimates of the underlying beliefs. For instance, anchoring and adjustment, representativeness, availability, base rate neglect and overconfidence (see Tversky & Kahneman, 1974; Bar- Hillel, 1980; Lichtenstein, Fischoff, & Phillips, 1982) have all been found to influence the judgments people make in an elicitation context, in both lay and expert populations (see, e.g., Eddy, 1982; Welsh, Bratvold & Begg, 2005). Moreover, people often mistake conditional probabilities for joint probabilities (Pollasek et al., 1987) since these are easier to compute (Lewis & Keren, 1999), and often experience difficulties with characterizing the conditioning event (Bar-Hillel & Falk, 1982). People may confuse one conditional probability P(A | B) with another P(B | A), or have difficulties interpreting instructions related to probability (Bar-Hillel, 1980; Fiedler et al., P(A, B) = P(A | B) P(B) = P(B | A) P(A) For the current purposes we refer to each of these three variations as a "problem format", and note that while all three formats describe to the same distribution over A and B, there is no guarantee that people will treat them as such. Indeed, in view of the known differences in how people estimate marginal probabilities, conditional probabilities and joint probabilities, we would expect to observe fairly substantial differences between formats. In this paper we describe an experiment that examines (1) whether one format for the problem leads to superior learning and subsequent probability estimation in general, and (2) whether learning in one format makes it easier to report on questions framed in the same format. Should either of these two effects be observed, a natural method for improving elicitation in an applied context would be to alter the presentation format to be more suited to the expectations of the expert whose beliefs are to be elicited. Method Participants Participants were 60 students (18 male) studying at the University of Adelaide, aged 18 to 37 years, and were paid $15 for their time.


The thermodynamic model has been proposed to evaluate the interfacial tension between liquid iron alloys and molten slags based on the Girifalco-Good equation, which is a function of the surface tensions of liquid Fe alloys and molten slags. The surface tensions of liquid iron alloys has been evaluated on the basis of Butler's equation by regarding Fe-O system as Fe-FeO' system. The thermodynamic model of the surface tension of molten ionic mixtures has been applied to evaluate the surface tension of molten slags.


This thesis aims to increase knowledge about the usage and relevance of Project Management (PM) methods and tools within start-up companies, with regard to the previous work experience of the entre ...


We consider a small open economy that produces and consumes two goods, one tradable and one not. Domestic residents combine their own income with credit obtained either abroad or at home to invest in capital production, which requires the tradable good. Capital investments in the tradable sector are subject to a costly state verification (CSV) problem, and the associated bank loans are subject to a binding reserve requirement. Under one technical condition, the presence of these financial market frictions leads to the existence of two steady state equilibria: one with a relatively high real exchange rate and a relatively low level of output, and one with a relatively low real exchange rate and a relatively high level of output. An increase in the world interest rate has an ambiguous effect on the real exchange rate in the low-output steady state, while output necessarily declines. In the high-output steady state, an increase in the world interest rate necessarily results in a decline in the real exchange rate, while the effect on output is ambiguous. An increase in the domestic money growth rate or the reserve requirement increases the real exchange rate and decreases the level of output in the low-output steady state, but decreases the real exchange rate and increases the level of output in the high-output steady state. At the same time, sufficiently large increases in the rate of money growth or the world interest rate can transform the high-output-low-real-exchange-rate steady state from a sink to a source. Thus while small increases in the interest rate or the money growth rate may be conducive to higher long-run levels of real activity, excessive increases can induce a kind of "crisis". This finding accords well with an array of empirical evidence. Finally, the model delivers a set of prescriptions for what a small open economy can do to protect itself against a "crisis" induced by rising world interest rates.


In this paper, we examine a design method for the simultaneous stabilizing controller with robust servo characteristic for the step signal. Several papers have been published the simultaneous stabilizing controllers. However, no paper examines a design method for the simultaneous stabilizing controllers which has robust servo characteristic for the step signal. Using designed simultaneous stabilizing controllers, the output of the control system cannot follow the step reference input without steady state error. In addition, the influence of the step disturbance cannot be attenuated. In order to solve this problem, we adapt the relationship between the simultaneous stabilization and the strong stabilization, then the problem is reduced to the strongly stabilizing controllers with interpolation problem.


Abstract Poria cocos (P. cocos) polysaccharides (PCPs) are used to improve immunity and possess antitumor activities. We compared three cultivars of P. cocos (5.78, XJ 28 and JHYH) PCP contents. Then we determined that malZ, galA, SORD, gnl and bglX are key enzymes within the PCP biosynthetic pathway by using HiSeq2500 transcriptome and qRT-PCR validation. Our results provide more detailed information about the PCP biosynthesis pathway at the molecular level in P. cocos and establish the functions for the molecular breeding to produce polysaccharides in general for therapeutic use in Chinese medicinal plants.


The evolution of sedimentary systems during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic in southern Alaska can be divided into six episodes, each representing a tectonic cycle that is presently recorded, with varying degrees of clarity, as a plutonic belt containing related sedimentary rocks that are bounded by unconformities or faults. These six episodes or tectonic cycles, which are sequential but sometimes overlap, occurred during the: (1) Permian(?) through Early Jurassic, (2) Early Jurassic into Early Cretaceous, (3) late Early and early Late(?) Cretaceous, (4) Late Cretaceous, (5) early Cenozoic, and (6) late Cenozoic. Each tectonic cycle began with magmatism and volcanism that constructed a magmatic arc with a back-arc and fore-arc basin, outer-arc ridge, shelf, slope, trench, and abyssal plain. Uplift and erosion dissected the magmatic arc and outer-arc ridge, and sediment filled the arc basins, shelf, slope, and trench, and then spilled onto the abyssal plain. Throughout the cycle, tectonism, magmatism, and sedimentation were ongoing at varying intensities, each cycle or episode affected the previous cycle. This evolution can be traced in the composition of the plutonic bodies, conglomerates, and sandstones. Thus, southern Alaska has evolved from young continental and oceanic crust to mature continental crust by magmatism, sedimentation, and accretion. Paleomagnetic data suggest that much of southern Alaska south of the Denali fault evolved as one or more terranes or plates in southerly latitudes from Permian(?) time that were accreted to North American continental terranes by early Cenozoic time. The temporal and spatial relation of these terranes throughout geologic time in relation to the tectonic cycles is intricate and complicated. The Alaska-Aleutian Range volcanoplutonic arc and the associated Queen Charlotte transition zone transform-fault system have dominated depositional and structural patterns in southern Alaska since the early Cenozoic. End_of_Article - Last_Page 953------------


The purpose of this study is to find the different effect of the type of practicum teaching students with disabilities physical education(PE) on pre-service PE teachers' self-efficacy(SE) towards inclusive PE. This study did sought to verify the effect of the type of practica on SE toward inclusive PE through survey research. In this study, there were two types of practicum experiences. Volunteer experiences are possible activities available to pre-service teachers. Students usually work in local physical activity institutes for children and/or adults with disabilities. Furthermore, sports competitions such as national and international games for individuals with disabilities are also possible opportunities to work as a volunteer. In contrast, a campus-based practicum required a one semester or one-year commitment by the student.
Miltilevel modeling was employed for this study. Data was collected using The Self-efficacy Scale for Physical Education Teacher Education Majors toward Children with Disabilities(SE-PETE-D). The sample size was 322 from pre-service PE teachers in 7 universities. Among participants, 241 of six universities had volunteer experiences without campus-based practicum(Group A) and 81 of a university participated in only campus-based practicum teaching students with disabilities(Group B). The value of Intra-class corelation(ICC) in this model was determined to be.13, corresponding to a variation of 13% in the response variable at level-2 (universities). Therefore, this model was suitable for multilevel modeling. The MLM shown in the mean-as-outcome model estimated identical coefficients (γ00=30.41, S.E = 2.74, p < .001, and γ01 = 25.86, S.E = 3.24, p= .001), yielding SE mean scores for the Group A of 30.40 and for the Group B of 56.27 from the sum of γ (γ00 +γ01). These results indicate that the type of practicum had a significant effect on the pre-service PE teachers'' SE toward inclusive PE. Furthermore, the results also showed that the effect of the type of practicum on pre-service PE teachers'' SE toward inclusive PE did vary significantly across universities after controlling for the type of practicum (τ00=3.51, χ2 (5) = 50.12, p<.001). Not only did the SE means vary significantly across universities, but the mean of the SE scores was also significantly different among universities by practicum. Proportion of variance explained (PVE), like R2 in the multiple regression analysis, provides information on "how much of the variability of the dependent variable is accounted for by the linear regression on the explanatory variables" (Snijders & Bosker, 2012, p.109). The value of PVE (0.92) in this model indicates that the type of practicum explained 92% of the variance among SE scores means. This research was conducted to find the effect of the type of practicum on pre service teachers' SE toward inclusive PE. The study findings revealed that pre-service PE teachers in group B had a higher mean SE score toward inclusive PE than pre-service PE teachers studying in group A. The result showed that the mean SE score for the group B students was significantly greater than that for students in group A. This result provides strong evidence that campus-based practicum has a positive effect on pre-service teachers'' SE towards inclusive PE. In group B, pre-service teachers are given many more opportunities to develop approaches that build strong connections between the practicum and campus courses, thus providing students with extensive opportunities to apply pedagogical knowledge to educational fieldwork compared to those offered in Group A(Fosnot, 1996). Furthermore, the results also meant that the connection provide pre-service PE teachers with stimulate the four source of SE consisting of master experience, vicarious experience. social persuade and psychological status, that provide the effect of high or low level of SE(Koh, 2017).


The utility model discloses an IoT (Internet of Things)-based tower crane monitoring system which can carry out unified collection on tower crane monitoring information of all construction sites so as to facilitate real-time viewing. The IoT-based tower crane monitoring system disclosed by the utility model comprises construction sites at which tower cranes are arranged, each construction site is provided with a video transmission host, and each tower crane is provided with a cab camera, a lifting arm camera and a sensor assembly; the camera and the sensor assembly on the tower crane of each construction site are both connected to the video transmission host through a wireless communication network; the video transmission host of each construction site transmits camera information and sensor information to a monitoring host of a remote monitoring room through the Internet.


Authors present low-frequency terahertz generation from difference-frequency terahertz quantum cascade laser sources. In order to obtain higher nonlinear susceptibility in low frequency region, we design a long wavelength dual-upper-state active region in which transition dipole moments are increased. A fabricated device with distributed feedback grating demonstrates a THz peak output power of 20 μW at room temperature, with multi-mode THz emission at a frequency of 1.1 THz. In addition, the device produces a THz output power of 267 μW at 110 K at 1.5 THz, which is comparable to the power of low-frequency (1.2-1.6 THz) THz-QCLs at liquid helium temperature.


Data analysis applications in areas as diverse as remote sensing and telepathology require operating on and processing very large datasets. For such applications to execute efficiently, careful attention must be paid to the storage, retrieval, and manipulation of the datasets. This paper addresses the optimizations performed by a high performance database system that processes groups of data analysis requests for these applications, which we call queries. The system performs end-to-end processing of the requests, formulated as PostgreSQL declarative queries. The queries are converted into imperative descriptions, multiple imperative descriptions are merged into a single execution plan, the plan is optimized to decrease execution time via common compiler optimization techniques, and, finally, the plan is optimized to decrease memory consumption. The last two steps are experimentally shown to effectively reduc the amount of time required while conserving memory space as a group of queries is processed by the database.


Given the development of multimedia applications with intensive consumption of network resources by the traffic generated, and the emergent use of mobile ad hoc networks, the guarantee of the quality of service (QoS) has become essential. The available bandwidth is the crucial resource, particularly in mobile ad hoc networks, since it is very limited; this is why it must be optimally managed and accurately estimated. Several projects have been conducted to provide new techniques for measuring the available bandwidth in mobile ad hoc networks. But mobility, which is the basic criterion of this type of network, is neglected and isn't processed by any measurement technique proposed. In this paper we disclose the importance of the taking into account this criterion and we will unveil a novel measurement technique ABE_MM (Available Bandwidth Estimation with Mobility Management) which is an extension of other robust existing measurement methods and which treats mobility in a specific manner.


The aim of the analysis was to compare physicochemical parameters and chemical composition of two groups of artificial reservoirs, mountain and lowland ones, characterised by different parameters and functions. Three mountain artificial reservoirs (Klimkówka, Dobczyce, Czorsztyn) located in the Upper Vistula basin (Carpathian Mountains in Poland) and three lowland reservoirs (Ivankovo, Verhnevolzhskoye, Vyshnevolotzkoye) located in the Upper Volga basin (Eastern European Lowland in Russia) were selected for the study. Data for the summer season in 2009-2013 were used in the analysis. Mountain reservoirs display high water concentrations of sulphates, chlorides and biogenic nitrates, and lower concentrations of ammonium and oxygen indicator in relation to lowland reservoirs. Similar concentrations of phosphates were noticed in both the mountain and the lowland reservoirs. The hydrochemical differentiation between the individual mountain reservoirs was small, and statistically significant differences only occurred for SEC. Greater differentiation of the hydrochemical parameters was found among the lowland reservoirs. Statistically significant differences were demonstrated with regard to SEC, Cland NO3 -.


Objective The dural sealant patch (DSP) is designed for watertight dural closure after cranial surgery. The goal of this study is to assess, for the first time, safety and performance of the DSP as a means of reducing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage in patients undergoing


mutanttorestore encapsulation resulted ina markeddecrease inadherence andinvasion. Allstrains were capable ofadherence andinvasion bya pilus-independent mechanism. We conclude that capsule loss byH.influenzae typebresults inenhanced invitro adherence andinvasion, properties that may berelevant tocolonization ofthenasopharynx and persistence within therespiratory tract. These observations suggest anexplanation fortheevolution ofthecapb locus asdirectly repeated segments ofDNA witha consequent predisposition torecombination resulting in capsule loss.


This work summarizes Italian space Agency activities in the field of space robotics. Special attention is given to those technologies related to realistic application scenario such as ISS utilization and planetary exploration (Mars exploration, Comet nucleus investigation).


Regional-input high-power laser beam inevitably leads to inhomogeneous and instable temperature distribution of direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) process. Knowledge of thermal sintering of multi-track DMLS is critical to understand the interaction of different sintering tracks. Taking into account temperature-dependent thermal conduction and heat capacity, a three-dimensional transient thermal finite element model has been developed. The moving laser beam is simulated with the employment of ANSYS parametric design language and latent heat is considered by using enthalpy. Several conclusions according to the simulation results were produced,comparing with the previous track, the latter one has larger heat affected region and larger inhomogeneous temperature distribution; the greatest temperature gradient takes place near the edges of sintered part where the scanning direction changes.


A Delphi Study was carried out to investigate what experts considered essential components for integrating neuroeducation into trauma-informed counseling practice. After initial recruitment, a total of 14 trauma-informed counseling experts participated in a 4-round Delphi Study, in which main areas of brain education and associated educational methods were identified. Additionally, a richer description of the perceived impact of neuroeducation on clients was discussed. The results of this Delphi Study support the integration of a number of neuroeducation topics and methods into trauma-informed counseling practice and further support the need for incorporation of neuroeducation into counselor education and supervision.


In 1924 Barre and Masson described a peculiar neoplasmatic process occurring generally at the fingertips, specifically in the nail bed, and more infrequently elsewhere, such as at the wrist, the ears, and the nose. Because of this eclectic localization under the nails, the dermatologists named this lesion "subungual tumor of the glomus." Histologically, however, it is regarded as an angioneuromyoma and is referred to in the literature as "glomus tumor" or "cutaneous glomus tumor" or "glomangioma." The term "glomus tumor" may cause confusion with paragangliomata which many authors also name glomus tumors. In the literature the paraganglion is very frequently called glomus (because of the abundant blood vessels that constitute its substrate), and the neoplasms of the paraganglia, glomus tumors. These however have nothing to do with cutaneous glomus tumors or glomangiomata developing in the fingertips. The similarity of these two neo formations is only morphological and not histogenetic. Sirtori


Abstract This study investigated the anthropometric characteristics of US women 26 to 45 years of age to classify their body shapes into different categories. Research data was obtained from 2950 women 26 to 45 years of age who participated in the SizeUSA study. A 26 to 35 years of age group and a 36 to 45 years of age group were selected from the data pool. A total of 26 measurements important for body shape classification and for apparel product development was used for the data analysis. Five factors accounted for the US women's body measurements. The body shapes of women were categorized into 4 types: Obese A-Shape, Overweight Y-Shape, Obese H-Shape, and Normal S-Shape. Normal S-Shape was the most common body shape type. More women in the 26 to 35 years of age group had Normal S-Shape type than women in the 36 to 45 years of age group. More women in the 36 to 45 years of age group had Obese A-Shape, Overweight Y-Shape, and Obese H-Shape than women in the 26 to 35 years of age group. Younger US women, 26 to 35 years of age had slimmer body sizes with more balanced body shapes; however, older US women, 36 to 45 years of age had larger body sizes with more various body shapes.


My commitment to the Cuban Revolution began in 2002 with my first trip to the island. Today, after 13 trips, I feel it to be stronger than ever. I have had the good fortune to penetrate deep into the texture of Cuban society, getting to know from the inside not only people's everyday lives but also the ongoing revolutionary process. Because of the ideals I nurture in my heart, the ideals of revolution, I have been able to gain the trust of the Cuban officials and ordinary people that allowed me to enter hospitals, universities, schools, cooperatives, factories, prisons, army compounds, and homes. As a photographer I have been able to capture the essence of this country, its people, and its revolution and create a book that goes beyond the stereotypes (and lies) we are so often told about Cuba by the mainstream media. I was accompanied through this professional and personal journey by my best friend, Roberto Chile, Fidel Castro's personal cameraman for 25 years. I owe him a lot. I sometimes hear that the revolutionary process is over and that it has been betrayed. Today, a few months after Fidel Castro publicly declared that he would not accept the position of commander in chief, this process appears to me to be livelier than ever. It is apparent that it is worth fighting for and that Cuba has much to teach us citizens of the so-called developed nations. In a world that is following the wrong models, what is offered by the revolution ary Cuban people needs to be publicized and vigorously defended. I am thinking about Operation Miracle, in which hundreds of thousands of people from the Caribbean and Latin America have been operated on, free of charge, for cataracts and other eye diseases; about the doctors and nurses who work in dozens of developing countries to attend the poorest people; about the Latin American School of Medicine, where free medical education is given to students from countries on the five continents (including the United States) where this education is unavailable or costs thousands of dollars. Let us not forget that Cuba is a small developing country of 11 million people just a handful of miles from an aggressive and cowardly neighbor. Cuba is not a paradise on Earth; it has problems and contradictions as does every other country. It only wants to decide for itself without any interference from the outside and to be able to show the world that the road to socialism is


The various available non-edible vegetable oils have been investigated experimentally for engine characteristics on a diesel engine. The non-edible straight vegetable oils used are Mahua, Neem, Castor and Linseed oil. These oils posed operational and durability problems with the long term usage. Poly-unsaturated character of straight vegetable oils, low volatility and, high viscosity are the main cause for poor performance. Hence, fuel pre-heating is done to reduce the viscosity of neat oils and experiment is carried out on single cylinder diesel engine. The various performance and emission parameters are investigated and compared with the baseline data of diesel. The experimental results showed the significant improvements found with use of neem oil and castor oil for performance and exhaust emissions characteristics of the engine.


Hybrid organic-inorganic bulk heterojunction solar cells based on silicon nanocrystals (Si-nc) have been realized and investigated. A photo-induced charge transfer could be demonstrated in composites made of silicon nanocrystals and poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) or [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) via light-induced electron spin resonance measurements. With bulk heterojunction solar cells made of P3HT/Si-nc composites in a sandwich structure, open-circuit voltages of up to 0.76 V could be achieved. Soft lithography was applied to silicon nanocrystal layers to form an ordered bulk heterojunction with a lateral structure size of about 200 nm. Furthermore, heterojunctions of bulk crystalline silicon or silicon carbide and P3HT were investigated to determine the band alignment at the organic-inorganic interface.


ponds in Indonesian. Agar from G. verrucosa is widely used in the food industry, one of which is used as a thickener or stabilizer of food. However, a good quality of agar with high durability needs developed. The purpose of this study with the addition of NaOH before extracted is to determine the effect of different concentrations of NaOH on the agar quality of seaweed G. verrucosa. This study was conducted from July 30 until August 16, 2012 in Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Mathematics - University of Diponegoro. Sampling was conducted on July 21, 2012. G. verrucosa was obtained from local ponds Tambak Harjo, Krapyak, District of West Semarang - Semarang. The method used was laboratory experimental methods with completely randomized design (CRD) to determine differences in the concentration of NaOH. The results showed that the effect of the concentration of NaOH affected the gel strength, sulphate content, ash content, moisture content, and yield on agar G. verrucosa (p ˂ 0,05). The higher the concentration of NaOH the higher gel strength, ash content, water content, and yield, but lowering sulphate levels. The best results obtained in the treatment with NaOH solution concentration of 6 %.


provided in earlier chapters. Each case study includes background information and a timeline that includes the original use and remediation process. The case studies provide a great way to enlighten readers on the process and pitfalls of brownfield remediation in practice. Moreover, the inclusion of the case studies strengthens aspects of the book that are dealt with lightly at times because it is impossible to be comprehensive in discussing brownfield remediation. The most obvious areas that are strengthened by the authors concern the case study sections on land use and design considerations, economics, and community aspects. As more and more brownfields are discovered over time, the need to understand the remediation process will become much more important. Without giving too much of this chapter away, the case studies demonstrate the inherent complexity of successfully completing the remediation. This book does a solid job introducing the process of brownfield regeneration to people who may be unfamiliar with the overall remediation process and its inherent and unique challenges. The book has broad appeal by explaining complex concepts such as phytoremediation (the use of plants to naturally remove contaminants such as arsenic and lead) in a way that any reader can understand. Perhaps one shortcoming is that, after an excellent discussion of five extensive case studies, the book lacks any conclusion that brings all the previous chapters together. Despite having sections on the current status and lessons learned for each case study, whether there are any overriding, comprehensive lessons that may be applied more broadly is left unsaid. Moreover, this book comes at a very interesting time in the current economic downturn when funding for various brownfield programs may be at risk or dwindling. Additionally, many of the plans for the case studies may be at risk given the current economy. Finally, for all the knowledge that the authors provide, future avenues and methods of brownfield regeneration are not addressed. Perhaps a second book will address these shortcomings. For now, this book provides a quick read for anyone desiring to know more about the particulars of brownfield regeneration.


Non-axisymmetric end wall contouring has become an established method for the reduction of the losses associated with secondary flow. To date, the majority of designs have been produced by the aeroengine manufacturing community and as a result access to specific design and methodological details is often limited [1]. In contrast, whilst the details of non-embargoed work are more freely available, much of this work has been carried out in simplified environments, with the most common of these being 2-dimensional, linear cascades, and therefore do not include a number of features which are present in the flow field of a real turbine [2]. Recent work by Snedden et al [3] involved the introduction of "generic", non-axisymmetric end wall contours, originally designed for a linear cascade (the so-called Durham cascade), into the rotor row of a low speed, 1 1/2 stage research turbine. While an increase in rotor performance was noted, a detailed inspection of the flow results suggested that even greater improvements could be obtained through the design of custom end walls for the turbine. This investigation therefore covers the design of custom non-axisymmetric end wall contours for the rotor row of an annular turbine rig with unshrouded blades (the same rig as that used by Snedden), using a modified version of an end wall design routine originally developed for the production of non-axisymmetric end walls for a linear cascade environment.Copyright © 2012 by ASME


Conclusions: 1. The Middle Triassic carbonates are very favorable for oil and gas. 2. The northwest part of South Mangyshlak has very favorable structural elements. 3. The main objectives for geological work in South Mangyshlak are uplifted sectors of the pre-Jurassic surface: border sectors of the Segendyk depression, the Karagi saddle, and regions of the Peshchanomys domal uplift. 4. The presence of sandy rocks with favorable reservoir properties in the Upper Triassic indicates that these rocks may possibly be oil-gas-bearing.


Due to their two main applications, instant messaging and file sharing, peer-to-peer (P2P) systems are gaining more and more attention. JXTA, an interoperable and platform independent peer-to-peer computing infrastructure, has been adopted in an increasing number of network applications providing cooperative services and more specifically a file-sharing service through the CMS layer (content manager service). In this paper, we propose a generic P2P semantic service oriented architecture (GSS) which encapsulates and enhances the JXTA-CMS architecture, by offering a generic support for services of any kind, as well as by adding a semantic layer at the resource description level. In order to manage and secure the use of services, GSS relies on the integration of reputation-based and semantic policy-based trust management. An application called ldquoshare ITrdquo has been implemented to validate the GSS architecture.


In studying the effects on rats of diets low in the fat-soluble vitamin (vitamin A 1 ), it has been observed that these animals frequently suffer from what appears to be a nutritive disaster, manifested by stationary weight, or sudden loss in weight and death before the appearance of the characteristic eye infection, xerophthalmia. Similar results have been observed by a number of other workers. For example, Emmett 2 found that of 122 rats fed low fat-soluble A diets, 98.2 per cent, developed xerophthalmia, while out of 136 animals on vitamin A free diets in Osborne and Mendel's 3 group, only sixty-nine developed the disease. Walker, 4 who also observed that the lack of the fat-soluble A vitamin produced xerophthalmia in a variable percentage of experimental animals, suggests that hereditary predisposition may explain the dissimilar results obtained by the different investigators. With the exception of the specific pathologic changes in the


Abstract The joint action of 8:1 and 9.3:1 mixtures of methomyl + fenvalerate against Heliothis armigera and H. punctigera respectively, and of methomyl + deltamethrin (9:1) against H. armigera was investigated in the laboratory by topical application. Methomyl + fenvalerate showed similar joint action against both species and methomyl + deltamethrin was antagonistic against H. armigera.


The traditional methods of determinable modeling and stochastic modeling can't forecast the changes of reservoir parameters in the domain of time. The establishing of 4D model of the reservoir parameters can reveal the distribution and evolution of the law of reservoir parameters in the 4D space,which are good for the further exploitation of the remained oil. There are two methods of establishing a 4D reservoir model,one is establishing the 3D model of the reservoir parameters during the development period,and the other is establishing the 4D model of the reservoir parameters with the artificial neural network approach. A new method of establishing the 4D model of reservoir is developed on the basis of the advantages of the above two methods. First,the previous reservoir parameters are calculated by the experimental and producing information. Second,the previous reservoir parameters are learned and trained by the artificial neural network,and the law of evolution of reservoir parameters of wells is calculated,so the reservoir parameters of the wells are forecasted. Third,the inter-well reservoir parameters are forecasted by the methods of stochastic simulation and Kriging interpolation. Last,the reservoir parameters of different development periods are displayed with the method of the 3D visualization. Then the 4D reservoir model is established successfully.


Article history: Received 03 August 2019 Accepted 27 November 2019 Published 16 December 2019 * Corresponding author info: Dr. Funmilola A. AYENI Email: email@example.com Tel. +234 7036138816 Access this article online


Cereal and legume brans were fractionated to measure individual dietary fiber components. Wheat brans were similar in dietary fiber content, showing values of approximately 0.8% pectin, 26% water insoluble hemicellulose, 8% cellulose, and 4% lignin. The dietary fiber content of soy, oat, and corn brans varied widely. Oat bran was lowest in most fiber components. Soy hulls was the only bran containing a substantial quantity of pectin. Corn bran contained the largest quantity of water-insoluble hemicellulose. Fiber components could be used to partially predict the following parameters of cake quality: tenderness, volume, viscosity, cell size, cell wall thickness, and grain. Hemicelluloses appeared to have a large effect on cake quality.


Nutritional and dietary surveys carried out in diferent parts of lndia have revealed that the diets consumed by the millions of people in the country are mainley deficient in proteins, minerals and vitamins. This has resulted in wide-spread protein-calorie malnutrition and other deficiency disorders like beriberi, scurvey, rickets and pellagra. The low income groups of the society have been the major victims of the hazard. Such a situation calls for special attention for the development of low cost supplementary food mostly rich in proteins, vitamins and minerals to bridge the nutritional gap...


The article deals with the analysis of the major international legal aspects related to the nature and functioning within the European Union legal mechanisms, together with their close connection with such issue as the sovereignty of the EU member states.


Enteric duplication is one of the causes of gastro-intestinal (GI) tract bleeding and should be always suspected especially among paediatric population. Management of complicated cases has been controversial due to their unpredictable clinical behaviour. In this study, we presented a 2 year old female patient with a history of lower GI bleeding and haemoglobin drop. Investigations failed to show the cause of bleeding. Due to lack of Technetium, we decided to proceed for exploratory laparotomy. Intra-operatively, a large segment of duplicated small bowel containing ulcers was found. The decision to do minimal bowel resection, preserving the adjacent healthy bowel, was an attractive option. But later on, it showed to be unsuitable as the patient developed new ulcers and recurrent attacks of melena. This case was reported because of lack of studies and guidelines on management of intestinal duplication when the duplicated segment is large.


Objective To investigate the city two or more hospitals,the head nurse of different leadership style and nurses' job satisfaction.Methods Conduct a questionnaire survey by 200 nurses in the city.Results The leadership of bureaucracy involved the head nurse is considered the most.And democratic type,parents type,authoritarian type and indulge type of leading way respectively the head nurse in the second,third,fourth,fifth;another different style of leadership have a relationship with satisfaction the work of the nurses(P0.05),the democratic leadership is the nurse of meet with the highest level of management.Conclusion The democratic leadership type in nursing management for the most satisfied a leadership for future nursing management,puts forward new ideas and basis.


ZnO thin films were prepared by electrophoretic deposition on stainless steel wire sieve, using zinc acetate as a precursor. The film was sintered and characterised by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and chemisorption of oxygen. A culture bacterial consortium composed by gram negative rod-shaped microbes was prepared in a liquid agar in a flask. It was transported by air through a reactor equipped with a UV lamp with 3 and 5 sieves of a stainless steel wire coated with ZnO film. It was exposed in continuous in five experiments to photocatalytic advanced oxidation. The experiments showed a total efficiency for colony forming unit reduction of a maximum of 99.66% for a residence time of 20 seconds with 5 stainless steel wire where exposed in continuous to UV. Also they were evaluated at 7.5 seconds, observing that the contribution of residence time and amount of catalytic for the CFU reduction was quite similar. Variance analysis showed that the efficiency was significant with the no parametric Kruskal-Wallis test with P < 0.05. This technology could be used to clean indoor air of closed environments such as hospitals, crowded buildings or public transportation systems where airborne bacteria has been documented.


This workshop explores new interaction and application concepts on see-through technology, i.e. technology that utilizes transparent display materials or creates the illusion of transparency. The workshop facilitates the creation of new research directions in the area of HCI aspects of see-through technologies across disciplines and fosters the emerging researcher and developer community in the area.


The effect of molecular weight (Mw) on line-edge roughness (LER) in ZEP resists, which are positive-tone electron-beam resists, was investigated by changing the size of the aggregates in resist films and the latent-image contrast. The LER was estimated by directly observing the pattern sidewall. It was clarified that the LER for low-Mw resist is larger than that for high-Mw resist and also that the LER for low-Mw resist is independent of the latent image contrast. On the other hand, the LER for high-Mw resist increases rapidly with decreasing contrast. These results can be explained by the relationship between the size of aggregates and the width of the transition zone between low- and high-dose regions. This strongly suggests that low-Mw resists are not necessarily advantageous in reducing LER.


Chairs: P. Cruz (USA), K. Hanada (Japan), R. Knobler (Austria) 1345h–1400h: Ferrochelatase mutations in Japanese patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria: high frequency of the splice site modulator IVS3-48C polymorphism in the Japanese population S. Minakawa (Japan) 1400h–1415h: Actinic prurigo M. Valbuena (Colombia) 1415h–1430h: Chronic actinic dermatitis Ki Ho Kim (Korea) 1430h–1445h: Discussion


This minor thesis looks at the accounting practices of the Just In Case philosophy and the changes JIT has brought to the traditional accounting. It further explains the JIT philosophy; human resource accounting and its
implications; financial accounting and its implications; the pitfalls of present cost accounting; management accounting and its implications; JIT cost accounting of the future; and finally sheds some lights on the Australian experiences of JIT manufacturing.


The current research status of microbial alkaline protease and its application at home and abroad were summarized. The producing strains, gene structure and properties of the alkaline protease, the screening and culturing of engineering strains with high production of the alkaline protease were introduced and the develop of alkaline protease was forecasted according to current applications studies.


This article examines German national parties' use of the Internet in the 2002 federal election. Its main goals are to determine what the parties were doing in their online campaigns and how far their use of the Internet can be understood in terms of two party-specific variables – organisational size and primary goal. These questions are of significance given the relatively limited study of parties' use of the net in Germany in the comparative literature on this topic. Also, research on parties' use of the Web across countries has suggested that while context does produce differences in approach, partyspecific factors also play a major role in determining online strategy. The article attempts to investigate these questions systematically by examining nine German parties' use of the Internet (specifically websites, e-mail, and intra-nets) using questionnaire data from national party personnel and content analysis of web pages. Our findings show that while the divide between major and minor parties can be seen quite clearly in the German context in terms of website quality and visibility, evidence to support the impact of party outlook in shaping parties' online strategy can also be found. In addition, the study reveals that major parties are now beginning to take the Internet very seriously as a communication tool, particularly in terms of election campaigning.


Thus the results of complex algebra can be obtained by treating complex numbers as real expressions bu t replacing y by — 1. (viii) Mathematicians use i instead of y and engineers use j . Congruences to the modulus i + 1 are usually writ ten as though they were equations and the modulus is omitted. For example, the "equation" (x — \)(x + 2x + 5) = 0 is said to have one real root or three complex roots.


The system reliability analysis method of arch-bridge is presented based on the failure model of arch rib, which is the most important failure model of arch-bridge. The control sections of arch rib in the analysis of bearing capacity reliability are determined according to the "five-spot coincidence method", which is often used in arch-bridge design. The representative failure models of arch rib are searched and the rib section resistances are calculated by incremental method and disadvantage loading in the control sections. The structure reliability assessment index on bearing capacity of the masonry arch-bridge is calculated by the function of bearing capacity reliability, structure resistance probability model, load action effect probability model and JC method. Lastly, the numerical example shows that this method is accurate.


Financial regulation occasionally accommodates adverse shocks, to stabilize economic activity, by granting banks forbearance and then taxing them to recoup default costs. The paper studies optimal accommodation in a model of an economic union where national regulators have private information about local shocks and where financial-market integration implies that all banks must be taxed the same. I find that when regulators experience different shocks today, then they are on average more accommodating in the future. Moreover, regulators that are relatively less accommodating today respond to instances of high future accommodation of other regulators with excessive accommodation.


Conflict of interest: non-existent the use of subjective instruments that include selfperception and self-assessment of all the factors involved is considered a quick and efficient option for the investigation of well-being3. Among these research instruments, the Short Form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-Bref) 4 has been used to know the quality of life in various world populations, including adolescents. Awasthi et al., in two studies5,6, checked the QOL of Indian adolescent students and tested the validity of the instrument PedsQL compared with the WHOQOL-Bref. Thus, it was found that the older adolescents and students from public schools had a lower perception of QOL and observed that, although the PedsQL is a valid and reliable instrument, the WHOQOL-Bref proved to be better to know the QOL of the Indian adolescents. Cheuk et al. 7, in Hong Kong, analyzed the QOL in adolescents with thalassemia and found different perceptions of QOL between adolescents submitted to transplantations and those who used the conventional treatment, highlighting lower scores of QOL for the physical and environmental domains. Teixeira et al.8, upon studying Portuguese adolescents with " INTRODUCTION


Cyclotron resonance effects of the Azbel'-Kaner type were observed in lead specimens at 9 kMc/sec and 1.2 deg K, and effective mass values of the charge carriers were deduced from the magnetic field dependence of the surface resistance of the specimens. The anisotropy of the surface conductivity of the single crystal specimens in the low field limit was found to be consistent with the existing model of the Fermi surface in lead, and from the value of the surface conductivity of a polycrystalline specimen, a value of the total Fermi surface area was found which supports the view that the fourth Brillouin zone in lead is empty. (auth)