Wood dust deposition had both positive and negative effects on the sound absorption properties of acoustical foam. Three layers of wood dust were deposited on acoustical foam in a 2.44 meter by 2.44 meter by 2.44 meter Plexiglas test chamber. The amount of dust deposited ranged from 3.34 grams/m to 30.95 grams/m. The wood dust on the uncoated SONEX foam reduced the sound pressure levels in the chamber by 2 dB at 1000 Hz and by 6 dB at 4000 Hz. Similarly, the dust improved the sound absorption by Hypalon coated SONEX foam by 3 dB at 500 Hz and by 1 dB at 2000 Hz. The wood dust on the uncoated SONEX foam increased the sound pressure levels in the chamber by 6 dB at 2000 Hz and by 1 dB at 1000 Hz and 7 dB at 4000 Hz for Hypalon coated SONEX. Vacuuming removed all the wood particulates from the Hypalon coated foam and about 70% of the dust from the uncoated SONEX.


This study aims to determine the process of settling the case of Home Ownership Credit and judge's consideration in determining the verification and determining the Decision on the case of Housing Loans at the State Savings Bank in the Surakarta District Court. The research method used the normative approach because the studied are the legal aspects, the principle in law, and the legal rules concerning the process of settlement of the mortgage loan case in Bank Tabungan Negara. This research is descriptive because it describes, describes and or arranges systematically and comprehensively about settlement process of house ownership credit in Bank Tabungan Negara submitted to District Court. The data sources consist of secondary data covering primary, secondary and tertiary law material, while primary data is interview result. Methods of data collection through literature study and field study (interview), after the data collected and then analyzed qualitatively. The results show that the process of settling the case through the examination, in which the Panel of Judges decides in this case to grant plaintiff's claim in part and refuse or not to accept other than and the rest. Judge's consideration in determining the evidence based on the arguments that have been proven by the Plaintiff and the Defendants, the Defendants have been declared as default in Article 1238 of the Civil Code. While the Judge's consideration in determining the Verdict due to the Plaintiff is able to prove the arguments of the lawsuit, the Panel of Judges gives the decision to grant the Plaintiff's claim in part, to punish the Defendant I to submit the Nilasari Housing Certificate to the Plaintiff without any condition, to punish the Defendant II to assist the transfer of right The Nilasari Housing Certificate to the Plaintiff, punishes the Defendants to pay a court fee of Rp. 1,081,000 (one million eighty one thousand rupiah) and refused the Plaintiff's claim other than and beyond.


The systems of information extraction that include spatial apertures of signal sensors are widely used in robotics, for the remote exploration of Earth, in medicine, geology and in other fields. Such sensors generate dynamic arrays of data which are characterized by spacetime correlation and represent the sequence of framed of image to be changed (Gonzalez & Woods, 2002). Interframe geometrical deformations can be described by mathematical models of deformations of grids, on which images are specified. Estimation of variable parameters of interframe deformations is required when solving a lot of problems, for example, at automate search of fragment on the image, navigation tracking of mobile object in the conditions of limited visibility, registration of multiregion images at remote investigations of Earth, in medical investigations. A large number of calls for papers are devoted to different problems of interframe deformations estimation (the bibliography is presented for example in (Tashlinskii, 2000)). This chapter is devoted to one of approaches, where the problems of optimization of quality goal function pseudogradient in pseudogradient procedures of interframe geometrical deformations parameters estimation are considered. Let the model of deformations is determined with accuracy to a parameters vector α , frames ( ) { } Ω ∈ = j z j : ) 1 ( 1 Z and ( ) = 2 Z { } Ω ∈ j z j : ) 2 ( to be studied of images are specified on the


This paper takes Beijing Changfeng Alliance as the successful case to study Production-Education-Research cooperation mode. The paper firstly introduces the formation background, present situation, operation and management mechanism of the alliance. Then advantages and experiences of this alliance are illustrated in detail. These can provide the theory support and the practice reference for spreading such Production-Education-Research Cooperation mode which mergers and acquisitions or alliances take the industry-chain integration as a core.


Adaptive system bandwidth estimation techniques that can be applied to the adaptive optical systems based on stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) optimizations are described. A useful parameter characterizing temporal dynamics of phase fluctuations resulting from the pupil-plane phase distorting layer moving at a certain velocity (wind velocity) is the Greenwood frequency. The knowledge of the Greenwood frequency and clock frequency of the adaptive control system (first order controller) allows simple estimation of the performance metric Strehl ratio. The numerical analyses indicate that the system performance can be characterized through the ratio of the Greenwood frequency and the system iterative process clock-frequency. A formula that estimates how the degradation of the adaptation performance in SPGD based compensators are derived and analyzed numerically. The bandwidth estimation for SPGD control systems with different resolution and decoupled SPGD (D-SPGD) control system is detailed.


Virus-immune CD8+ TCR repertoires specific for particular peptide-MHC class I complexes may be substantially shared between (public), or unique to, individuals (private). Because public TCRs can show reduced TdT-mediated N-region additions, we analyzed how TdT shapes the heavily public (to DbNP366) and essentially private (to DbPA224) CTL repertoires generated following influenza A virus infection of C57BL/6 (B6, H2b) mice. The DbNP366-specific CTL response was virtually clonal in TdT−/− B6 animals, with one of the three public clonotypes prominent in the wild-type (wt) response consistently dominating the TdT−/− set. Furthermore, this massive narrowing of TCR selection for DbNP366 reduced the magnitude of DbNP366-specific CTL response in the virus-infected lung. Conversely, the DbPA224-specific responses remained comparable in both magnitude and TCR diversity within individual TdT−/− and wt mice. However, the extent of TCR diversity across the total population was significantly reduced, with the consequence that the normally private wt DbPA224-specific repertoire was now substantially public across the TdT−/− mouse population. The key finding is thus that the role of TdT in ensuring enhanced diversity and the selection of private TCR repertoires promotes optimal CD8+ T cell immunity, both within individuals and across the species as a whole.


Background: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for weight management and relapse reduction in overweight and obese individuals (Cooper & Fairburn, 2001). However, more easily accessible interventions are necessary. Therefore, SIGMA (i.e., the Self-help, Integrated, and Gamified Mobile-phone Application) is the first mobile application based on CBT principles.The objectives of the SIGMA project are to develop and test a mobile application for maladaptive behavioral (e.g., dietary styles) and cognitive (e.g., dysfunctional beliefs) weight management habits.

Methods: The SIGMA application will be tested via a pilot randomized controlled trial, contrasting the SIGMA application versus self-help CBT, totaling 20 participants per condition. Selected participants will be overweight young adults with deficient eating behaviors (e.g., binge eating). The intervention will last three months, having a three-month follow-up. SIGMA will assess the shift in cognitive and behavioral habits, as well as weight changes. Completers-only and intent-to-treat analyses will ensue.

Expected results: The results are expected to render an efficacious SIGMA application in comparison to self-help CBT in terms of maladaptive cognitive and behavioral habits, with long term benefits for weight reduction.

Current status: The SIGMA application is a work in progress, expected to be due by the end of 2016. It is part of the PNII-RU-TE-2014-4-2481 grant. The current status of the work focuses on designing and building the core features of the SIGMA application.

Discussion: The SIGMA project drives the research towards integrative applications, intertwining scientific cognitive-behavioral principles with gamified elements for long-term changes in cognitive and dietary habits.


In this paper we present a market-based mechanim for allocating public goods which implements the Ratio correspondence in both Nash and Strong Equilibria.


Licence Creative Commom Abstract: Amateurism is part of the history of modern sport and, despite professionalization, it is still present in sports' imaginary. However, it plays a key role in some sports, such as rugby. Field research conducted with a female rugby team in Florianópolis, Brazil – including observations and semi-structured interviews with players – found that the amateur ideal is a guiding element of that dynamic sport, whether it is in relations pervaded by hierarchy and respect for the other or in tradition, which is increasingly threatened by professionalization.


A final report is provided which describes the research program during the period 3 Mar. 1992 to 3 Jun. 1993. A summary of the technical research questions that were studied and of the main results that were obtained is given. The specific outcomes of the research program, including both educational impacts as well as research publications, are listed. The research is concerned with efficient reorientation maneuvers for spacecraft with multiple articulated payloads.


Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a multifactorial disease, but little is known about its relationship with perinatal risk factors. We tested the hypothesis that the mode of delivery may be associated with threshold ROP as defined by CRYO‐ROP.


League CUBA matches, which have operated successfully for five years, are great influences on physical education teaching of colleges and universities. They especially play a positive role in the quality teaching of Universities and the construction of culture on campus.


The article analyzes the word-image "time" in poetic formulae of S.Ya. Marshak's philosophical poetry. Being artistic and esthetic units poetic formulae are regarded as creative and imaginative statements of the author, the ones that were achieved through suffering of the writer's 70 year life's journey. These statements include polished thoughts, conceptual didactic and moral evaluation of the author's worldview. Having emerged in the earliest days of the Old Russian writing poetic formulae turned into individual background and accomplishments of the author supported by their situation awareness and justified by their frequency in literature and speech. Preserving semantic features of the keyword "time" poetic formulae of S.Ya. Marshak's philosophical poetry were enriched with new esthetic messages and emotions thus transforming into "word-image poetic theme". It included both author's and mental sense bearing system accumulated by national consciousness and cultural traditions of the Russian people.


Data are presented on the average daily milk yield of cows during the mass abundance of horseflies, mosquitoes and midges depending on the technology of keeping animals in the Tyumen region. Keeping the cows during this period without grazing on the walking grounds at the farm is one of the methods of preserving their milk productivity. During the period of mass flight of gnats, the milk productivity of cattle grazing in forest pastures is significantly reduced. Loss of milk during this period is 13.68%, while the longer the harmful effects of the vulture, the more significant these losses.

Keywords: Dependence; Milk productivity; Abundance; Midge; Content technology

References

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The local structure of the cylindrical shell produces plastic deformation under the near-field underwater explosion load, based on the fact that the ring rib is the strong support of reinforced cylindrical shell plate, this paper simplifies the reinforced cylindrical shell model into a rigid slatted beam model at both ends, and lists the equations of slatted beams under the action of shock wave and bubble pulsation load. This equation takes the initial damage caused by shock wave into account, and compares the calculation results obtained by the theoretical method with the experimental data, which verifies the correctness of this mechanical model. At the same time, it is explained that this calculation method can better predict the plastic damage of the local structure of the cylindrical shell under the action of near-field underwater explosion.


This paper describes a case of cavernous sinus thrombosis The condition developed in a patient who had been treated for confirmed COVID-19 Left eye examination findings were as follows: amaurosis;absence of periorbital skin sensation;signs of orbital cellulitis;ptosis;chemosis;total ophthalmoplegia;exophthalmos;decreased corneal sensation;widened pupil;and absence of pupil light reflex In addition, ophthalmoscopy showed diffused retinal and optic disc edema The patient had an atypical clinical course which could not be clearly identified as septic or aseptic, and his elevated D-dimer level could indicate a potential relationship between this condition and COVID-19 © Oripov O I , Bilalov E N , 2021


Ishodad of Merw (9th century), like other East Syrian exegetes, understands himself as an heir of Theodore of Mopsuestia's (died 428) approach to biblical interpretation. The study examines this claim in one of the rare cases where the Syriac translation of Theodore's commentary (on Ps 119 and 139-147) is extant. Ishodad emerges as a competent representative of his scholastic tradition working creatively with his scientific tools. Ishodad's commentary shows traces of Theodore's in less than a third of the verses explained. This reflects the development of medieval academic exegesis and the changed expectations towards biblical interpretation and its presentation. In its highly abbreviated style, Ishodad's commentary shows that it was written for a learned audience for whom one could reduce one's explanations to their essential parts. The study of Ishodad's commentary provides a glimpse into East-Syrian scholarship in Abbasid Mesopotamia as mediating between different exegetical traditions and biblical translations.


The WTO was founded with the main objective of building a fair and market-oriented trading system. Fair trade means free and no intervention from anywhere to regulate the market. This applies to all sectors of the economy but especially concerns the agricultural sector which is the basis of a country's defense. Various efforts have been made by the WTO in terms of making trade regulations in the agricultural sector which of course aims to realize this goal. It is well known that in order to stabilize food prices, ensure abundant food production, guarantee farmers' basic income, and in general strengthen the agricultural segment of the national economy, the government has implemented various assistance in the form of assistance to agricultural product producers in the country. This assistance is called a subsidy which can take various forms, namely in the form of tariff barriers, non-tariff barriers, tax levies, positive regulations and direct subsidies to both agricultural producers and exporters. In this study, the authors examine the legal issues regarding subsidies for agricultural products within the WTO framework. The main issue in this legal research is how the legal issues regarding subsidies for agricultural products within the WTO framework. The main objective of this legal research is to find out the legal issues regarding subsidies for agricultural products within the WTO framework. This legal research is a normative legal research in which legal sources are collected through literature study. A relatively detailed review of the content of legal issues regarding subsidies for agricultural products in the WTO framework is discussed in this paper. The results of this study indicate that agriculture is one of the important trade negotiations in the WTO through the rules contained in the AoA. Agreements to implement commitments from disciplines in the AoA, from WTO member countries, are expected to be reached by both developing and developed countries


Power consumption of a mobile terminal is reduced by providing a system wherein a base station specifies a time period, at the end of which a mobile terminal that is hibernating in a power-saving mode will listen for paging messages from the base station. If no paging messages are present, then the mobile terminal continues hibernating, thus conserving battery power by not communicating with the base station. Either the base station or the mobile terminal can initiate a process to transfer the mobile terminal from an awake mode to a hibernating mode. In accordance with another embodiment of the invention for use in systems that require frequent connectivity testing, an agent can be provided within the base station to answer connectivity test inquiries on behalf of the mobile terminal. The mobile terminal can communicate periodically with the base station to update information that the agent uses to respond to the test inquiries.


To investigate variation of the pelvis in unilateral Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and analyze the reliability of pelvic landmarks.


To maintain good quality of Shinkansen track, it is important to restrict a steady increase in wheel load fluctuation and rolling noise caused by the short wave track irregularities, such as rail surface roughness or inequality of supporting system, with an increase in the maximum train speed. A measurement utilizing the axlebox is proposed to evaluate wheel load fluctuation and rolling noise. Data analyses of field tests show that this measurement is more efficient, though several technical conditions are needed to inspect defective areas. This paper describes a method to identify the cause of wheel load fluctuation and rolling noise by analyzing axlebox acceleration considering its typical frequency.


The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), with its extreme distance measurement requirements (pm over arm lengths of 2.5 million km), imposes many stringent requirements on the laser systems used for the distance metrological measurements. In particular, frequency and power stability, sideband phase noise, and frequency reproducibility, the need of manufacturing multiple laser systems and extremely challenging lifetime (extended mission duration of 12.5 years) which demand a streamlined laser design and a particular attention to reliability and procurement strategy, all pose a significant challenge. The main requirements will be presented and analysed. Some preliminary strategies as it pertains to procurement and lot screening shall also be approached. The current configuration and break-down of the future on-board laser systems shall be provided detailing in particular the critical interfaces. Existing space heritage hardware (such as the LISA Pathfinder Master Oscillator) and new specialized developments are under study in both Europe and the US. European industry is developing custom Power Amplifiers to reach the end-of-life requirement of 2W (in Continuous Wave operation). In parallel alterative possible sources for a back-up Master Oscillator are also being investigated, based on off the shelf components and proprietary technologies. An overview of the development strategy shall be presented as well as some details on the specific hardware.


We study the incentives of competition authorities to prosecute collusive practices of domestic and foreign firms in a multi-market contact model between two firms operating in two countries. In equilibrium, the country of origin of the firms might prefer to delay prosecution to protect pro ts in foreign markets. This strategic delay is valuable because prosecution in the country of origin of the firms activates an information spillover that triggers prosecution in the foreign country. Prosecution delays, however, are not optimal from the point of view of global welfare, something that could be solved by integrating the competition authorities. With multiple industries, both countries can be better off under integration or signing an international antitrust agreement.


The uplink of the femto base station and the transmission of the downlink signal is to lessen interference with the transmission signal to the uplink and downlink of a macro base station and / or a micro base station. Macrocell 6 and microcell within (7) the mobile station 9-2 and the femto base station 5-1 located within the macrocell 6 and the microcell from the macro base station 3 or a micro base station 4 HCS priority of 7 also receives a level. The mobile station (9-2) is carried out a communication using the HCS priority level is high microcell 7, select, and radio frequency (RF3). Meanwhile, the femto base station 5-1 is using the radio frequency (RF1) to be used in the HCS priority level of the macrocell is also low (6) communicates with the mobile station.


Objective To study the liver function protection of compound glycyrrhizin in patients underwent transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE). Methods Select 91 primary hepatocellular carcinoma(PHC) patients underwent TACE. 46 patients as treatment group were given 150mg compound glycyrrhizin Injection per day besides symptomatic and supporting treatment in the next 15days after TACE. Another 45 patients as control group were given symptomatic and supporting treatment only in the following 15 days after TACE. Results There is no remarkable difference in the liver function of treatment group before and after TACE. Compared to treatment group, the TBIL of control group raised significantly in the 4 and 8 days after TACE(P0.01), fell in the 15 days, but still higher than the treatment group in the 15 days(P0.05); compared to control group,the ALT and AST fell markedly in the 4 and 8 days(P0.01), the two groups were essentially normal in the 15 days; compared to treatment group, the ALB begun to fall in the 8 days and raise in the 15 days, but couldn't return to the normal level(P0.05). Conclusion Compound glycyrrhizin can reduce hepatic damage and the occurrence of complications in patients underwent TACE.


Increases in human activities, land use/cover changes and urbanisation have led to continuous accumulation of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, thus threatening the efficiency of natural carbon sinks such as urban trees. This paper assessed the aboveground biomass and carbon stock of trees in Sokoto metropolis, North-Western Nigeria, using an allometric equation. The metropolis was stratified into five broad land use/cover types from which 200 sample plots of 30m × 30m were generated. Data on tree species and diameter at breast height were collected from all trees ? 5cm in diameter within the plots. A total of 722 trees belonging to 30 species in 17 genera and 14 families were identified. The trees stored 854.73 tonnes of biomass equivalent to 427.37 tonnes of carbon with the highest proportion being stored by Azadirachta indica, Mangifera indica, Adansonia digitata, and Ficus polita. There was a significant difference in tree biomass and carbon stock across the land use/cover types (F = 4.730, p < 0.001). The Green Area recorded the highest carbon density of 96.5t ha-1 while Farmland recorded the least carbon density (7.4t ha-1). Urban areas have diverse tree species that could contribute significantly to reducing global atmospheric carbon. This potential, which varies with the species, number, and size of trees, as well as land cover, can be successfully estimated using allometric equations.


The Gegegeno Kitaro animation series (1968-present time) consists of more than three hundred episodes, most of which introduce a new yōkai being. This chapter identifies the main visual sources that impacted on the Mizuki characters, the effect of their reappearance in twentieth and twenty-first century visual media, the evolution of the characters and the underlying trends in their transmutation when introduced to celluloid animation and computer graphics. The Umi Zatō or Blind Sea Monk is a visual derivative of the Biwa Hōshi or Zatō, the order of blind vagabond Buddhist monks, known to be active from the Kamakura to early Meiji periods, who played the biwa lute narrating sutras and popular tales. The Miage Nyudō is mentioned in Yanagita Kunio's Yōkai Meii. According to his recordings, the Miage Nyudō is seen mostly by children, first appearing in a very tiny form, then growing in size.Keywords: Blind Sea Monk; Gegegeno Kitaro; Meiji periods; Miage Nyudō; Mizuki characters; Umi Zatō; visual media; yokai


In this paper, we study the existence of asset bubbles in an overlapping generations economy `a la Tirole (1985) with borrowing constraints. Deriving a condition for the existence of equilibrium paths with bubbles, we demonstrate that (i) a monetary steady state (a steady state with bubbles) is constrained dynamically inefficient, whereas capital in the monetary steady state is underaccumulating relative to the quasi-golden rule, (ii) there exists a government intervention which corrects the constrained dynamic inefficiency, and (iii) for some parameter values, such a government intervention reduces the utilities of many agents, while it increases per capita consumption.


In order to study ball spinning process,a 3Drigid-plastic finite element model of ball spinning made by oxygen free copper thin-wall tube was established under software DEFORME-3D.The forming process was simulated and calculated.The metal flow law of spinning process,the stress distribution of the thin-wall tube and the spinning force of the ball were analyzed,and the numerical value of spinning force of the ball calculated by finite element simulation was compared with that of M.I.Rotarescutheory calculation.The results showed that metal plastic flow mainly depended on ball extrusion,the friction force between the ball and the contact zone of the tube billet and the friction force between the core-rod and the inner wall of the tube could inhibit the metal flow in the spinning process.The tube was under a three direction compressive stress and its stress was distributed on gradient along the wall thickness.The radial force of the ball was the biggest,the axial force was the second and the tangential force was the smallest.With the increase of the reduction of thickness,the spinning force of the ball increased.The increase of the wall thickness of the tube caused the increased of axial,tangential force and the decrease of radial force.


This research has been preceded by the project "American poetic neo-baroque as articulator and cannibalize plane of human condition's meaning on the horizon of the planetary era", and explores the problems of the establishment of the neo-baroque poetry in the cultural and academic context, as a result of its current reception, which is generally perceived as a return of baroque associated to the pair modernity/post-modernity; establishing it as the expression of social and cultural anomalies or as a symptom of a process of decay of an established order, either artistic (classical), literary (canon) or psychosocial (melancholy). Part of the critic has focused on the analysis of the transgressor and disfiguring component of Baroque concerning classical forms considered dead or asleep. From this perspective, the neo-baroque strategy in relation to its predecessor would have to be seen as nothing more than a desperate response to the exhaustion of the modern canon. Neo-Baroque and post-+modernity would be virtually the same. However, in this study we analyze the "non-actuality" of neo-baroque as a speech of resistance holding on to the effects of colonialism of modern and postmodern reason in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). It has as its main characteristic the reference to the human condition incontexts of increasing complexity. The overall objective is to place it within the context of the emergence of divergent lettered reason (in constant tension with the institutionalized reason), to provide discursive alternatives that promote imaginary opening of a cultural context with a strong tendency to imaginary closure. The hypothesis holds that the neo-baroque approach is an effort to the unthought-of the human condition in LAC, which as polyphonic discourse of an individual in search of a new culture, lies in the dimension of socially divergent and in-actual lettered reason. Among the outcomes is the possibility of rethinking the demarcation issue of an "American intelligence" and its relationship with the works about the possible development of a "Souththought" in the context of the global era. It also allows approaching the value of Latin American literature as a discourse of the human condition that expresses the authenticity of being American. Poor academic attention on the issue has correlation with the crisis of the humanities in the present.


The three cylinder model can be used to consider the effect of interface layer and shear stress. Based on the model, the stress expressions can be obtained, which include the stress re distribution and stress concentration after interface sliding at the fiber matrix interface and crack extending in matrix, when composites objected to uniform applied loading along aligned fiber direction and thermo mechanical loading, respectively. The equation on critical stress of matrix cracking that could consider the effect of interface layer and thermal stress can be obtained. This expression of critical stress can be reduced as famous ACK solution when the effects mentioned above are ignored. For example, composites SiC f /SiC m are evaluated and obtained theoretical values consist well with measured results.


Social media comprise the set of tools identified as blogs, wikis, and other social networking platforms that "enable people to connect, communicate, and collaborate." These tools create a dynamic, complex information infrastructure that enables easier, faster, and more widespread sharing of information. These affordances make possible phenomena such as viral processes, and they can change how we are able to work and organize. This article explores the impact of this emerging knowledge ecosystem (KE) on some prominent characteristics of knowledge and knowledge management (KM) models through an exploratory critical review of popular epistemological perspectives and conceptual foundations underlying KM models. We find that this emerging KE requires a revisiting of both the social aspects of knowledge creation and some popular notions of enterprise knowledge management.


Blood flow induced fluid shear stress is a determinative factor in cardiovascular development and pathology, as it drives gene expression in endothelial cells. Extensive remodeling during development alters patterns of this hemodynamic force considerably. The mechanism by which endothelial cells sense these alterations was unclear. We postulate a role for primary cilia as fluid shear stress sensors on endothelial cells. Such a function has already been attributed to cilia on epithelial cells of the adult kidney and Hensen's node in the embryo.


An order-level inventory model is developed by assuming that the demand rate is stock-dependent and two separate warehouses are used. When the stock level exceeds the capacity of the own warehouse (OW), a rented warehouse (RW) is used. The stock is transferred periodically in bulk from RW to OW and there is an associated transportation cost. No shortages are allowed. An algorithm is developed to obtain the optimal solution of the model. To study the effects of changes in the system parameters on the decision variables, a sensitivity analysis is carried out by taking a numerical example.


To eliminate the unfavorable influence of outliers on the filter,a new unscented particle filter(UPF) algorithm for outlier rejection was proposed in terms of improving the fault tolerance of the proposal distribution.The unscented Kalman filter(UKF) algorithm for outliers' rejection was chosen as the proposal method in the particle filter.The vector of threshold function brought into the UKF has a control over abnormal innovations,which can efficiently restrain the unfavorable influence out of outliers,and the unscented particle filter remarkably improves the fault tolerance to outliers at the same time.The simulation results proved that the proposed fault tolerant UPF algorithm is available for outliers' rejection.


This paper explores how families make decisions about the timing of marriage in rural Ethiopia, and what role education plays in those decisions. It is based on qualitative data collected in two rural communities located in Mecha Woreda and Meksegnit, both in Amhara Region. Results show that the term early marriage encompasses a few different types of marriages in these communities, including promissory marriages, child marriages and adolescent marriages. Education seems to play an important role in determining the timing of marriage in these communities. Respondents believe that educated girls are more likely to delay the age of marriage, to choose their own partners and to have a say in decisions regarding the timing of marriage. Some parents do consider education when making decisions about when their daughter should get married; particularly parents who value education or parents are themselves educated. These findings are useful for the design of quantitative research studies to improve our understanding of the determinants of early marriage and the design of interventions to delay the age of marriage and to increase educational opportunities for young girls in Ethiopia.


External dosimetry needs at the four Martin Marietta Energy Systems facilities are served by Energy Systems Centralized External Dosimetry System (CEDS). The CEDS is a four plant program with four dosimeter distribution centers and two dosimeter processing centers. Each plant has its own distribution center, while processing centers are located at ORNL and the Y-12 Plant. The program has been granted accreditation by the Department of Energy Laboratory Accreditation Program (DOELAP). The CEDS is a TLD based system which is responsible for whole-body beta-gamma, neutron, and extremity monitoring. Beta-gamma monitoring is performed using the Harshaw/Solon Technologies model 8805 dosimeter. Effective October 1, 1992 the standard silver mylar has been replaced with an Avery mylar foil blackened on the underside with ink. This was done in an effort to reduce the number of light induced suspect readings. At this time we have little operational experience with the new blackened mylars-The CEDS neutron dosimeter is the Harshaw model 8806B. This card/holder configuration contains two TLD-600/TLD-700 chip pairs; one pair is located beneath a cadmium filter and one pair is located beneath a plastic filter. In routine personnel monitoring the CEDS neutron dosimeter is always paired with a CEDS beta-gamma dosimeter.The CEDS extremitymore » dosimeter is composed of a Harshaw thin TLD-700 dosiclip placed inside a Teledyne RB-4 finger sachet. The finger sachet provides approximately 7 mg/cm[sup 2] filtration over the chip. A teflon ring surrounds the dosiclip to help prevent tearing of the vinyl sachet.« less


Vocabulary is one of the most important elements in learning foreign language.Vocabulary also cannot be separated from other elements. Having kinds of vocabulary is neededto master all of language skill. Poor of vocabulary can be major cause of failure to be successfulin learning English. So, the teacher of Junior High School should have appropriate method inteaching English. This study is focused on the methods of teaching vocabulary by influence ofreading narrative text toward vocabulary mastery. The methods of research used in this study inaction research. From this study, Researcher could take the conclusion that there was asignificant difference between pre test and post test, the mean of post test is greater than themean of pre test both in cycle 1 and cycle 2. In cycle 1 is 6, 30 and cycle 2 is 9, 22. Both of themis greater than t-table with n =39 is 2, 021. The role of media is very important to increasingachievement vocabulary mastery. Therefore, to help students to remember vocabulary andpractice in learning language. So, they understand and memorize the lesson. It is one of solutionto be used as appropriate method in teaching learning process.


Objectives: The Survey of Dental Diseases in Japan in 2005 has reported that most of 80 year old people have fewer than 20 teeth. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of tooth loss with oral health behavior among Japanese people. Methods: Subjects were 825 persons over 50 years in the eastern part of Hokkaido, Japan. The survey items were age, sex, smoking status, oral health behavior such as frequency of tooth brushing, and so on. Furthermore, among the 825 subjects, we selected 750 subjects who had over 5 present teeth. The analysis of the relationship between number of natural teeth and tooth brushing, using an interdental brush or dental floss used those subjects. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of variables related to having teeth fewer than 20 were evaluated using the unconditional logistic regression model by sex. Results: Habitual smoking was significantly associated with risk of having teeth fewer than 20 in the male subjects (OR=2.46, 95%CI: 1.05-5.78) as well as in the female subjects (OR=2.94, 95%CI: 1.09-7.94). Tooth brushing less than or equal to once a day (OR=2.57, 95%CI:1.38-4.80), nonuse of either an interdental brush (OR=2.14, 95%CI: 1.27-3.59) or dental floss (OR=3.56, 95%CI: 1.48-8.55) and no complaint of oral condition (OR=0.56, 95%CI:0.34-0.95) were significantly associated with risk of having teeth fewer than 20 in the female subjects. Conclusion: Frequent oral health behavior may reduce the risk of tooth loss.


In an embodiment, a method includes performing a turbine combustor diagnostic routine including operating a first turbine combustor of a plurality of turbine combustors at a substantially steady state of combustion; adjusting an operational parameter of the first turbine combustor to cause a change in combustion products produced by the first turbine combustor; identifying a first sensor response of a first subset of a plurality of sensors disposed within or downstream from a turbine fluidly coupled to the turbine combustor, the first sensor response being indicative of the change in the combustion products, and wherein the first subset comprises one or more first sensors; correlating the first subset of sensors with the first turbine combustor; and diagnosing a condition of the first subset of the plurality of sensors, the first turbine combustor, or a combination thereof, based on the first sensor response.


Objective: The aim is to determine the extent of the types of poisoning and the factors influencing them. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out between January and July of 2019. Hospital records of 107 cases who had presented to the pediatric emergency department for poisoning were retrospectively reviewed. In the analysis, descriptive statistics and the chi-square tests from univariate analyses were used. The SPSS 20.0 package program was used to analyze the data. Results: 49.5% of the cases were girls, and 5.6% were villagers. 51.4% of poisonings occurred in spring, 68.2% were oral, drugs (%51.4) were the most common poisoning agents. Poisoning of the drugs were observed 17.4% less frequently in the age group 6-12 years than in other age groups, 60.3% less frequently in those who lived in the city center than in those who lived in the district, and 75.3% less frequently in those who took the drug orally than by other means (p<0.05). Poisoning occurred in 33.6% between 12:00-17:59. When analyzed by age group, poisonings are most common in the age group 0-5 years with 62.6%. Symptoms developed after poisoning in 72.0% of cases. In cases of poisoning, supportive treatment was the most commonly applied method, with 79.4%. There was no mortality due to poisoning in any of the cases. Conclusions: Drug poisoning was detected in the majority of the cases. The risk of drug poisoning was lower in children living in rural areas and the age group 6-12 years.


Purpose:To investigate the effect of MMF on the postoperative infection after renal transplantation. Methods:Before 1997,the CsA+Aza+prednisone were used as immunosuppresive agents postoperatively for 56 cases; Since 1998, drugs used for 34 cases were changed into MMF and CsA+MMF+prednisone respectively. The dose initially used for CsA was 6 mg/kg·d -1 in the patients of Aza group and 5 mg/kg·d -1 for the MMF group and then this dosage was regulated according to the determination of plasma level of the drug.Results:The total infection rate of these 90 patients was 17.8 %, 12 cases were infected in the Aza group ( 21.4 %) and 11.8 % (4 cases) in the MMF group. There were 2 patients died in the Aza group.Conclusions:The postoperative infection rate of the patients underwent kidney transplantation might be reduced when MMF was used to substitute Aza during the period of postoperative management.


The evolutions of the envelopes of collapsing, accreting, isothermal clouds have been numerically calculated for both spherically symmetric and rotating (axisymmetric) clouds. The results provide a cohesive picture of isothermal collapse, and their relationship to previous numerical calculations and similarity solutions is discussed. Even with a large initial rotation rate, the majority of the cloud envelope is accreted, in one case leaving behind a large-scale circulation current. The calculations are performed for both initially uniform density and centrally condensed clouds. Density and velocity profiles for a wide variety of observed systems are compared with those obtained in this study, providing a preliminary assessment of the stage of evolution and initial structure for the observed systems.


Objective:To observe the effects of mifepristone on adenomyosis cells.Methods:Using MTT assay,the growth state of primary cell culture from tissues of 11 cases of adenomyosis was detected,The cells of each case were divided into four groups,three dosage groups were 1.25mg/L,2.5mg/L,5mg/L mifepristone respectively and one control group and surveyed their OD value through 52 hours culture.Results:By contrasting the results,the OD values of 1.25mg/L,2.5mg/L,5mg/L and control group were 0.219±0.044,0.185±0.038,0.152±0.033 and 0.262±0.0678 respectively.The OD value of 5mg/L group had significant difference from that of 1.25mg/L group(P0.01) and 5mg/L,2.5mg/L group had significant difference from the control group(P0.01).The inhibition rate of cell growth showed that 2.5mg/L group(IR=29.4%)was 1.79 times 1.25mg/L group(IR=16.4%),and 5mg/L group(IR=42.0%) Was 1.43 times 2.5mg/L group.Conclusions:Mifepristone could suppress the growth of adenomyosis cells in vitro.There was positive correlations between the inhibition growth ability and the mifepristone concentration.


The article focuses on the analysis of the relations of power and society in the USSR in the 1970s and 1980s, the history of mass voluntary organizations of the late socialism, and the studies of Soviet cultural diplomacy. The process of formation of the international activity of the All-Union Society of Book Lovers (1974–1992) is in the focus of the study. Reports on the reception and dispatch of delegations, plans for foreign partnerships, and responses to requests to Soviet ambassadors in the Eastern Bloc states became sources for the article. Collaboration with foreign organizations – associations of readers, clubs of subscribers at publishing houses, communities of bibliophiles, etc. – began with a detailed consideration of their activities. The international activity of the Society of Book Lovers included the reception of high-ranking foreign guests, sending Soviet groups to socialist countries, and participation in important events in the sphere of reading, such as international exhibitions, national weeks of books, etc. International relations were a way for the leadership of the Society of Book Lovers to present Soviet culture, a basis for comparing the principles of functioning of associations of readers, and sources for determining the position of a new mass organization within the USSR. The experience of some of the partners was marked as unsuitable for the Society of Soviet Book Lovers, as it was associated with stimulating consumption. Against this background, the book shortage was presented as a feature of the Soviet reading culture. As ambassadors of the megastructure, representatives of the Society of Book Lovers noticed any manifestations of disunity, at the same time building close relations with large centralized associations, for example, the Cultural Association of the GDR.


Fractures of the carpal bones are frequent and are not uncommonly multiple. However, the vast majority of these fractures involve the scaphoid, the lunate or the triquetral. Isolated fractures of the hamate are relatively rare and of the hook of the hamate even more uncommon. Franz (1952) quotes several authors who give the incidence of hamate fractures (all types) as approximately 2 per cent of all carpal bone fractures and in his own series of 122 cases of isolated carpal bone fractures there were three hamate fractures (2·46 per cent).


Looking back in time, I would like to reflect upon the concatenation of circumstances and events that made this possible. Some 40+ years back I met the first Japanese in my life who by mere coincidence was a hydrologist. He is Mr. Atsushi Hamamori of the then Ministry of Construction who was on a UNDP mission attached to the Irrigation Department of the then Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) where I was working as a young engineer. Having seen an opportunity to study in Japan, I consulted him and his advice was to apply to the University of Tokyo which I followed. Having accepted as a graduate student of the University of Tokyo, the decision I made at that time led to one of the major turning points in my life although pursuing a career in hydrology was not in my mind at that time. During the 2+ years at the University of Tokyo, I had the fortune of being mentored by the late Professor Shohei Inokuti and Dr. Masami Sugawara and together with their influence gradually began to cultivate an interest in hydrology.


SOME PEOPLE SEEM TO DEFY THE conventional wisdom that aging brings mental decline, remaining mentally sharp into their 70s and beyond. While these seniors serve as inspiration to many, to scientists such as Marilyn Albert, PhD, they offer something more—an opportunity to explore which traits or characteristics distinguish these mentally vigorous individuals from others who experience mental decline as they age. Albert, director of the division of cognitive neuroscience at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Md, notes that several large community-based studies have examined the factors that predict which individuals are likely to maintain good memory, language skills, and overall cognitive function as they age. Despite the geographic and cultural differences of the populations studied, they have all reached similar conclusions about the lifestyle factors that seem to contribute to maintaining healthy cognitive function into advanced age. JAMA: What have studies such as the MacArthur Foundation Studies of Successful Aging, the Chicago Health and Aging Project, the Northern Manhattan Study, the Canadian Study of Health and Aging, and the Berlin Aging Study been able to tell us about individuals who age well? Dr Albert: These community studies have identified a relatively small set of factors that appear to predict who will function well over time. They include physical activity, mental activity, social engagement, and good vascular health. Moreover, the data suggest that the effects of these factors might be additive. JAMA: Have other studies been able to tease out the protective mechanisms of these factors? Dr Albert: Animal studies are beginning to look at the underlying neurobiology of these relationships. Rodents have been put into running wheels and compared with rodents who are more sedentary. It's pretty clear that


The assumption of the present research was that ownership of an object causes the owner to treat the object as a social entity because ownership creates a psychological association between the object and the owner. Three experiments investigated whether Ss would evaluate an object more favorably merely because they owned it, a bias analogous to other self-serving biases people display.


The thermodynamic concept of entropy, referring to the degradation of energy and resultant disorder, has been influential in a number of disciplines including information science, ecological economics and sociology, and has recently been posited as a potentially fruitful approach to the evaluation of labour market interventions. The origins and applications of the entropy concept are reviewed before an evaluation framework is applied to assess how entropy evaluation might differ from traditional methodologies. As a thought experiment, a recent large-scale programme evaluation is `re-engineered' using entropy ideas resulting in a radically different design. Whether entropy designs would perform better than traditional ones will remain open to speculation until an entropy evaluation is implemented. Before then, the idea deserves peer review and refinement or rejection as appropriate.


The articles in this section focus attention on (1) the historical shift in policies that affect the young men of this nation (2) how fatherhood policies and programmatic efforts are expanding and (3) how fatherhood practices and policies could and perhaps should be expanded and elaborated further. These efforts are linked to a growing body of research documenting the importance of fathers in children's lives, summarized in other sections of this issue. In our commentary we review the changing policy and programmatic climate with regards to fathers and note the opportunities for the policy and programmatic worlds for the future and for policy and programmatic research to move to new levels in enhancing the knowledge base.


Human body needs glucose to carry out energy for body metabolic reactions. This energy source is taken from diet. In normal case, kidney consume this glucose but sometimes body cannot utilize body glucose so the glucose extract called Ketones begun to appear in urine known as urine ketones. In high level of urine ketones, this condition refers to diabetic ketoacidosis that may lead to coma and death. A major cause of urine ketones is the deficiency of insulin in body, due to which glucose is not consumed by the body and glucose not enter the cell. Dehydration also responsible for high ketones level in urine. The normal level of urine Ketones is below 0.5 mmol/L and high level of Ketones start from 1.5 to 3.1. High levels of Ketones usually build in the blood and urine causing symptoms like abdominal pain, confusion, decreased perspiration, dry, cool skin and high blood sugar.


The purpose of this study is to reveal historical and contemporary aspects of the similarity, difference and interaction of Christian and legal spheres of the social reality. In particular, the interdisciplinary approach provided the combination of exegesis and hermeneutics, dialectics, dogmatic and historical methodological tools, and was used to retrace the evolution of the law and to disclose various connections between legal and religious prescriptions and the content. The main intersection points of the law and religion, particularly Christianity, such as sacredness, values, morality and axiomatic assertions are disclosed as well as the religious basis of the historical and contemporary law is proved in the article.


A brief review of the first three years of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 that was fully implemented during 2007.


The operating status of submarine cables directly affects the safe and reliable operation of offshore engineering. It is of significance to timely and effectively obtain the health status of submarine cables. Due to the complex structure and operating environment of submarine cables, it is difficult to accurately obtain the health status of submarine cables. Therefore, a health status assessment of submarine cables based on multi-state quantity fusion is proposed. Firstly, following technical guidelines of cable status evaluation, an index system suitable for submarine cable comprehensive health status evaluation is constructed by integrating static data, such as patrol inspection and testing data, and dynamic data from online monitoring. Secondly, a set of reasonable and evidence-based evaluation criteria is formed based on the characteristics of online monitoring status of submarine cable and evaluation standards from cable guidelines. Then, on the basis of the above, a multi-state fusion based status evaluation model is established, which can evaluate the overall submarine cable as well as its components hierarchically to obtain its health status. Further leveraging fuzzy theory, a comprehensive health status of the submarine cable can be obtained. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by applying on submarine cables in a practical offshore oil and gas project.


This paper presents a realizable architecture of PC control software. The architecture is based on uncorrelated instructions,we take the instruction decoding off the system. After dynamically configuring and encoding,those instructions can be dynamically recombined and invoked at run time. This design of uncorrelated instructions will greatly improve the efficiency of software development and will also do some help to the expandability and maintainability of the application system.


Work supported by Department of Energy contract DE–AC02–76SF00515.puter Department, and presently with the Computation Group of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. He is a member of the MAA and the ACM, and his main research interest is picture processing and pattern recognition. Editor. 1. Introduction. An interesting combinatorial problem known as the "school-girls' walk" asks if the girls in an all-girl school can take a walk in two-by-two fashion so that each pair walking side by side are on friendly terms, it being known which pairs are friendly among all possible pairings. If such a utopian arrangement is not possible, then what is the largest number of friendly pairings that can be achieved simultaneously and how can such an optimal set of pairings be found? This problem is qbstractly equivalent to a problem in graph theory which is as


Type I X-ray bursts are the result of an unstable thermonuclear burning of accreting matter on the neutron star (NS) surface. The quick release of energetic X-ray photons during such bursts interacts with the surrounding accretion disk, which raises the accretion rate due to Poynting-Robertson drag and, thus, a fraction of the burst emission is reflected. We analyzed two photospheric radius expansion bursts in the NS low-mass X-ray binary 4U1636–536 that took place in 2017, using data from Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer. The time-resolved burst spectra showed clear deviations from a blackbody model. The spectral fitting can be significantly improved by introducing either the enhanced persistent emission (the f a model) or the reflection from the accretion disk (the relxillNS model). The f a model provides a higher blackbody temperature and higher burst flux compared with the relxillNS model. The peak fluxes of two bursts from the f a model, 4 . 36 × 10 − 8 ergcm − 2 s − 1 and 9 . 10 × 10 − 8 ergcm − 2 s − 1 , are slightly higher than the Eddington limits of mixed hydrogen-helium and pure helium bursts from previous observations, respectively. When the disk reflections have been taken into account simultaneously, the peak fluxes are lower to match the preferred values. We find evidence to support the finding that both the Poynting-Robertson drag and disk reflection have been appeared during these two X-ray bursts. Moreover, the disk reflection may contribute ∼ 20 − 30% of the total burst emissions.


Porous ceramics have been extensively investigated because of their high-temperature and chemical stabilities, which are far superior to those of porous polymers and porous metals, despite their mechanical instability. Among various kinds of porous ceramic, reticulated porous ceramics have attracted considerable attention because of their extremely high porosity, which is generally higher than 90% and can maximize the advantages of this class of materials. However, to the best of our knowledge, sufficient data are not available on the preparation of low-cost, abundant, and natural material-based reticulated porous ceramics. Therefore, we obtained and characterized reticulated porous diatomite–kaolin composites prepared under various processing conditions, such as solid loading, average particle size, and pore density. The experimental data were used to investigate whether the densities and compressive strengths of the reticulated porous diatomite–kaolin composite can be tailored, and to assess the potential of these materials in different application fields.


The threshold power density for Nd‐YAG laser induced recrystallization of 300 mm thick layers in 〈100〉 Si, amorphized by Si implantations, is shown to depend on type and dose of additionally, shallowly implanted impurities.


This paper reports on an exploratory study of motivations for marriage among fifteen actively homosexual men who were either currently or formerly married to women. The middle class sample had married young and most had at least one child. Currently divorced and openly gay, most believed that cultural and religious socialization were the major forces behind their behavior. One third claimed to have had no awareness that they might be homosexual at the time on marriage and one-third reported love for the wife as an important motivating factor. Implication of the results for theory and for social work practice are presented.


Molecular oxygen adsorption on several ternary silicides (Ti4M4Si7, M=Ni,Co) and (TiFeSi2) is studied using photoemission. The valence band spectrum shows that the O2 dissociates on adsorption and suggests that an exposure of a few hundred langmuirs is sufficient to completely cover the surface with a layer of atomic oxygen. Si 2p core‐level spectra show that oxygen bonds with the silicon and photoemission peaks from all oxidation states of silicon are observed. 3p core levels from the metallic elements like titanium do not show core‐level components indicating the formation of metal–oxygen bonds. The bonding of oxygen to silicon could be due to silicon termination of the surface or maybe due to energetics which favor silicon–oxygen bond formation over metal–oxygen bond formation, the breaking of silicon–silicon bonds rather than silicon–metal bonds or the breaking of the fewest atomic bonds.


EXCESSIVE vascularity is a diagnostic feature of glomus jugulare tumours. It is also the feature which deters the surgeon in his attempts to explore or to remove the tumour. However, it isjiot always present, and in this respect Simpson and Dallachy (1958) in a detailed review of published cases mention one case of their own, and two cases of Williams et al. (1955) which were not haemorrhagic. In the case to be described, the tumour was pale yellow in colour, soft in texture, jmd did not bleed at the initial biopsy or at the subsequent attempt to remove it. The histological appearance of the tumour corresponded with these clinical findings, and did not show the usual appearance of numerous vascular channels except in scattered microscopic areas.


Because of the self-characters in Ad Hoc network,its routing protocol is more complex than traditional ones.The paper first analyzes the principles of the AODV and the AODV-BR which is used to improve the former one,and then brings forward the weight information according to the communication ability of the backup nodes by packet transmission rate and delay in ad hoc network to improve the AODV-BR protocol.The simulation results show that the approach is effective.It shortens the delay between the destination node receiving the packets and the source node sending the packets because of the primary route broken and also guarantees the communication quality.


Abstract In this paper, the conventional design of an enclosure for electronic equipment for space application is reviewed and an alternative type of construction is proposed. The alternative design is based on the use of carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) sandwich panels for the construction of the enclosure, and the substitution of the printed circuit board (PCB) antivibration frames (AVFs) with antivibration rods (AVRs). To put this work into context, the requirements applicable to the structural design of this type of unit are briefly reviewed. Standard structural analyses have been performed on the conventional enclosure and then repeated for the proposed configuration, in order to demonstrate its compliance with the fundamental mechanical requirements. The issues concerning the radiation protection offered by the enclosure are discussed, and some solutions to this potential problem are briefly presented. The work demonstrates the possibility of achieving a saving of about 20 per cent on the overall mass of the unit. Finally, the cost of the proposed enclosure is assessed and compared with the conventional design for various missions.


Objective To study the effect of gamma knife radiotherapy for primary hepatocellular carcinoma on liver function.Methods To observe the variation of the Child-Pugh grade,blood clotting function and biochemical indexes on 67 patients who are cured by Gamma Knife after six months.Results After 3 months of which cured by gamma knife,the Child-Pugh grade raised,serologic ALB declined,PT,APTT and TT of blood clotting function prolength,and serologic ALT,AST and AKP raised.All of the indexes had statistic difference.Furthermore,4 patiets had radioactive hepatic injury.The indexes of above-mentioned improved prominently after 6 months of cured by gamma knife radiotherapy.Conclution Hepatic injury which was treated by gamma knife radiotherapy was most serious after 3 months,but it recovered after 6 months.This study indicated that most of primary hepatocellular carcinoma patients′ liver fuctions could tolerate by gamma knife radiotherapy so long as we know well of the indication.


A Markov model for bandwidth computation and its application to Secure Xenix are presented. The model can be used for computing the bandwidth of both individual channels and aggregated channels (i.e. serial and parallel aggregation). Using this model, a tool has been built and experiments conducted to determine the factors that affect the bandwidth of covert storage channels (noise, scheduling delays, load, etc.). The tool can be used to compute the minimum delays for each channel under various loads and program behavior. Thus, it allows the placement of dynamically adjustable delays in multiprogrammed systems, which guarantees minimum performance impact. >


Power and Conflicts in Organizations: Strengths and Limits of the Model of Michel Crozier Because of the manner in which they look at inter-organizational conflict and power, none of the main streams of organizational theory has been able to incorporate the three elements which compose the political dimension in an organization: strategic interaction, the integration of behaviour in the collective "system," and the consideration given to cultural effects. Michel Crozier claims to have solved the problem by having recourse to a systematic and hypothetical-inductive reasoning, and in making power the base for all forms of relationships where one always finds implied some negotiated influence. The different theoretical positions taken regarding the strategicanalysisthat he proposes are examined in this article. The author stresses the advantages of the procedure; suggests an improvement to understand interaction; questions the assumption of the necessity of the systematic integration; and comments on the methodological difficulties of introducing the cultural element in strategic action.


An implicit-explicit numerical method is presented for solving the Maxwell-Dirac system with normal initial-boundary conditions and complex region.At first,the Maxwell equations are discretized by the explicit finite difference.To guarantee the conservation of wave functions,the Dirac equations are splitted by the time-splitting method and discretized by the implicit finite difference.This numerical scheme has the second-order accuracy in both time and space.Its stability and the conservation of numerical solutions are shown.Numerical results are given to test the accuracy and conservation of this scheme.


By E. Burgess London: Chapman and Hall Ltd. Pp. xii + 255. Price 35s. 'Space travel is a triumph of intellect but a tragical failure of reason'. Max Born's judgment, while not so outspoken as that offered a few years ago by the Astronomer Royal ('Bilge, utter bilge'), epitomizes the doubts felt by many physicists.


The reactivity of 2-chloro-azaborolyl anion (LBCl)[K(THF)] (1, L = [ArNC(R)CHC(R)]-; Ar = 2,6-Me2C6H3, R = t-Bu) was investigated. Treatment of 1 with a diazomethane resulted in the formation of a donor-stabilized iminoborane featuring an intramolecular donor-stabilized B=N bond. 1 readily reacted with chlorotriphenyltin to afford the new 1,2-azaborolyl complex 3, whereas reactions with orthoquinone, azobenzene, and diphenyl disulfide led to the oxidative cycloaddition and the cleavage of the S-S bond with the elimination of KCl.


A zwitterionic liquid surfactant,1-(2-hydroxy propanesulfo)-3-dodecylimidazol inner salt(HPSDim),was synthesized with sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxy-propane sulfonate and n-dodecyl imidazole as starting materials.Molecule structure of HPSDim was characterized by ESI-MS,FTIR and 1HNMR.Surface active parameters of HPSDim in 0.5 mol·L-1 NaCl aqueous solution at 35 ℃,such as the critical micelle concentration(cmc) and the mean aggregation number(Nm),were determined by fluorescence probe and surface tension method separately.Results showed that Krafft point of HPSDim is high as(65.8±0.5) ℃.However,HPSDim is readily dissolved in 0.5 mol·L-1 NaCl aqueous solution at room temperature.Value of cmc achieves 0.98 mmol·L-1 and 1.0 mmol·L-1 determined by surface tension method and fluorescence probe method respectively.Nm increases linearly with increasing of HPSDim concentration within range of 6.0 to 8.0 mmol·L-1,and the critical micelle aggregation number(Nm,c) can be calculated as 30.9.Its packing parameter(Pc) is 0.40.Shape of micelle of HPSDim might be inferred as cylindrical.


there had not been a dejection from the bowels for three days. Effervescing medicine with hydrocyanic acid, and a castor oil draught, were prescribed; and water ices, and brandy occasionally taken. July 13th. The exhaustion had increased. She threw herself about with her arms extended. The sickness was greater. The bowels had been relieved; duling the effort she fainted, and a large clot of blood passed from the vagina, but the continued stream had quite stopped since yesterday. The stomach was unable to bear nutriment. Cold beef tea, thickened with arrowroot, was injected into the lower bowel, and a teaspoonful of brandy in water was frequently administered. Evening. Depression was not so extreme as in the morning. The blood effused was brighter in colour, but still not of an arterial character; more clots had passed, and a great pulsation was felt along the course of the abdominal aorta; it was strong and jerking, and raised the hand placed on the abdomen. No bruit was to be heard. The pulsation of the arteries of the head and extremities was feeble; at the wrist i60. I proposed, as the bleeding had recurred, that the vagina should be plugged by a sponge wetted with the tincture of matico; but, before doing so, I had the advice of Dr. Murphy. On examination, he found the os uteri slightly open, but not sufficiently to induce him to believe that the bleeding came from the uterine cavity. The vagina was now plugged with pieces of sponge moistened with the matico tincture, and an ether mixture was prescribed. July 14th, 8 a.m. The patient had objected to taking the ether, disliking the smell. Early in the morning the bleeding had returned, and the prostration had been extreme. Large quantities of brandy and other stimulants had been used during the night to keep her from sinking. I removed the vaginal sponges, which were covered with clotted blood and had a slightly putrid fretor, and replugged the passage to such an extent that the patient complained of a desire to evacuate the bowels. 11 a.m. Dr. Murphy again visited the patient, and we decided upon applying pressure over the abdominal aorta, and the last resort of transfusion was agreed on. On the operation being explained to the parents, they expressed a desire that Dr. Ashburner should be called in consultation. At 12 o'clock he arrived; the previous as well as the present state of the patient was described to him, and he named some drugs that might be beneficial in such a case. We now entered the patient's room, and Dr. Asbburner immediately sat on the bed and commenced Mesmerising her by pressing the last phalanx of his thumbs tightly against hers, and looking steadfastly into her face. He continued in this attitude a few minutes, and then made perpendicular passes with his hand before her face. The exhausted sufferer tossed herself from side to side with the arms extended and cast about in a listless and unconscious manner. Her contracted features, the blanched face, the dilated pupils, and her general restlessness, were too indicative of her dangerous state. I immediately considered it right to request Dr. Ashburner to retire into another room where we might discuss the proper measures. Dr. Ashburner said if we were hurried we might leave him for an hour; but on our declining to do so he acquiesced in withdrawing witb us. Dr. Murphy and myself of course objected in the most decided manner to sanction Mesmeric treatment. Dr. Ashburner expressed the greatest confidence as to the favourable result to be derived from a continuance of it; and doubtless with sincerity. There being no chance of any reconciliation of our opinions, it was deemed best to explain fully to the parents our different views, and leave it to them to decide which mode of treatment was to be adopted under the circumstanoes. Dr. Ashburner had spoken so decidedly of the effect he anticipated from Mesmerism, that the parents were anxious he should be permitted a few hours for his treatment, Dr. Murphy and I asserting our readiness to resume the charge of the patient when called on. At three o'clock in the afternoon, when the time expired which Dr. Ashburner requested for his treatment, the family expressed themselves perfectly satisfied with it. At a quarter -past 5 I was sent for by Dr. Ashburner, who was anxious that I should be convinced by my own observation of the improvement he conceived had taken place. The pulse was hardly to be felt; the jactitation continued; the features more sunken and paler if possible; the pupils were dilated to the utmost; and the intellect was wandering;-in fact, all the appearances were presented of pending death, which I (to the astonishment of Dr. Ashburner and the friends) declared to be fast approaching. In the strength of his hopes the doctor replied, " All that is now required is a continuance of manual labour to complete the recovery." I left the patient with the conviction that she was sinking fast, attributing the cerebral phenomena wholly to the loss of blood. She breathed her last at half past six o'clock. At 8 o'clock on the morning of July 16th I made a post mortem examination in the presence of Dr. Murphy. I had previously sent word to Dr. Ashburner of the proposed inspection, but unfortunately he was unable to attend. The surface of the body was anemic to the last degree. apparently as if all its blood had drained away. The abdomen and pelvis were the only cavities examined. The intestines were distended with flatus; all the abdominal organs were of healthy structure. The liver, kidneys, spleen, and remaining viscera were empty of blood. The uterus with its appendages and vagina were removed. The uterus was not enlarged, but of a natural size; its cavity was empty and unstained with blood, as were also the Fallopian tubes. The os uteri was closed; and the vagina was filled with the sponge that had been introduced during life. It was saturated with blood, and many clots were in,the passage. On removing the contents there was presented a general softened state of the mucous lining; in some parts it was quite removed from the adjacent muscular coat, and this structure was pale and easily separable by the edge of the knife; ecchymosed spots of blood were seen under it in many parts. There was no appearance of vascular erosion or of injury from violence; indeed, the diseased state of the lining of the vagina, which was general, negatived such a presumption. The abdominal aorta and vena cava were nearly empty; their coats were healthy. REMARKS. I should have laid the details of this remarkable case before the Society and recorded it earlier, if it had not been so much opposed to my general experience, and to the notice of authors, as to induce me to wait for a further illustration and explanation of it in practice or the observations of others. But I have as yet failed to meet with any exempliulcation of it by my friends or in books, and I am disposed therefore, as at its close, to regard it as an unique case, both as relates to the cachexia or blood disorder, which must have favoured such a profuse and irremediable heemorrhage, and the limitation of it to the mucous surface of the vagina; for though we cannot but consider the approach of puberty as the determining cause of the seat of hemorrhage, it assuredly did not come from the uterine cavity or the Fallopian tubes, nor was it the result of ovulation. What the exact change be of the nutrition, or structure of the vaginal lining that was clearly indicated by the inspection, and of its circulation and capillaries which caused the great exudation of blood from these, and what the peculiarity of the blood itself which prevented the arrest of bleeding in the usual way that nature provides, must be left to the demonstration of future observers, and of such as may be afforded the opportanity of establishing the conditions by the aid of the microscope and of chemistry. Certainly no recognised state of purpura, or of the heimorrhagic diathesis, or of mere menorrhagia, can suffice to explain the phenomena of this very interesting, anomalous, and melancholy case. The antecedents of the child's history and appearance are .not in accordance with any common or usual causes of a bleeding that was altogether rare and peculiar.


In last month's letter, I wrote about a number of local and state partnerships in which the Academy is involved. One of the most exciting partnerships is the work we are doing with first lady Michelle Obama's Let's Move! campaign. There are vital roles in this partnership for every AAP member


The Pacific Halibut Catch Sharing Plan creates a process for allocating halibut between the Alaska commercial and recreational charter sectors. A provision intended to allow for "flexibility" creates an inter-sectoral trading market, permitting charter operators to lease commercial halibut pounds to relax client harvest restrictions. Here we evaluate the first two years of lease market activity and participation. We find the program may provide beneficial flexibility to some commercial quota holders, with the number of transfers to the charter sector being greater than transfers within the commercial sector for some types of commercial quota. We also identify a high proportion of self-leasers. However, transfers to the charter sector are on average smaller than within-sector commercial transfers, and total poundage leased by the charter sector is low compared to commercial transfers. Finally, the value-per-pound may be higher in the charter sector, as commercial-to-charter transfer prices approach the commercial ex-vessel price.


This paper investigates the simplified modeling of the ultracapacitors (UC) as variable voltage sources and quantifies the errors involved therein. Although modeling the energy storage devices such as Lead-acid, Li-ion, NiMH, NiCd batteries as variable voltage sources are popular, the available literature reports and treats UC as RC networks. This paper extends the voltage source model to UC which helps simplify the system design in comparison to other models based on RC networks. This paper also compares the proposed voltage source model with widely used series RC model. This is done using metrics such as the z-domain bode plots and F and Q parameters. The z-domain current loop plant transfer functions are derived from the continuous time state space models using exact discretization technique. Utilizing the derived comparison metrics, this paper investigates the limiting power and voltage operating levels of the proposed voltage source model against series RC model. Based on the proposed model, the controller design has been carried out for inner current loop control. This was experimentally verified at a power level of Po=l20W and a voltage level of Vg=26V with the dc-dc converter switching at fsw=100kHz.


This work focuses on the implementation of a program for random sampling of uniformly spatially distributed isotopes for Monte Carlo particle simulations and in specific FLUKA. With FLUKA it is possible to calculate the radio nuclide production in high energy fields. The decay of these nuclide, and therefore the resulting radiation field, however can only be simulated in the same geometry. This works gives the tool to simulate the decay of the produced nuclide in other geometries. With that the radiation field from an irradiated object can be simulated in arbitrary environments. The sampling of isotope mixtures was tested by simulating a 50/50 mixture of Cs137 and Co60. These isotopes are both well known and provide therefore a first reliable benchmark in that respect. The sampling of uniformly distributed coordinates was tested using the histogram test for various spatial distributions. The advantages and disadvantages of the program compared to standard methods are demonstrated in the real life case of the CERF-Facility at CERN.


INTRODUCTION: Inspiring, supporting, and disseminating resident scholarly activity can be difficult for residency programs. In an effort to stimulate more resident and faculty engagement in the research process, we developed resident research mentoring teams (RRMT) alongside financial and resource support for resident scholarly activity (research) requirements. The RRMT involved 24 months of longitudinal curriculum of didactics and semi-annual formal meetings with a group of faculty and other team members with research expertise. The RRMT included biostatisticians, coordinators, regulatory experts, and database managers. The objective of this study was to determine if productivity from resident research increased after RRMT implementation. METHODS: We performed an analysis of rates of resident research projects presented at meetings and/or published before (8 total years) and after (4 years) implementation of the RRMT, with a 4-year washout during the RRMT implementation and revision. For presentations, we only included regional or national presentations outside of the local school environment. RESULTS: Overall, 43 (37.7%) of the 114 resident projects were published and 27 (23.7%) were presented at meetings. After implementation of the RRMT, resident projects were more likely to be published (55.0% vs. 28.4%, P=.005) and presented (40.0% vs. 14.9%, P=0.003). After implementation, resident projects were more likely to be either presented or published (67.5% vs. 36.5%, P=.002). CONCLUSION: Implementation of departmental support and mentoring programs such as the RRMT can increase the rate of resident research projects that are presented and published.


Generativist pragmatists and discourse grammarians both subscribe to a functional view of language, but they do not agree on the nature of pragmatic principles. Prince (1988a,b) has argued that form-function correlations are arbitrary and language specific. Discourse grammarians have argued that pragmatic, and even grammatical rules, emerge out of universal, natural and predictable extralinguistic pressures. I will argue that although the distribution of gaps and resumptive pronouns in relative clauses seems arbitrary and language specific, one cognitively-based form-function principle governs their distribution. Relative clauses where the head is highly accessible when the relativized position is processed take gaps, whereas relative clauses which maintain a relatively low degree of accessibility of the head when the relativized position is processed take resumptive pronouns. The differences between languages are then attributed to language-specific grammaticization processes, rather than to different motivations and/or discoursal patterns.


We consider the phenomenon of an optical soliton controlled (e.g. amplified) by a much weaker second pulse which is efficiently scattered at the soliton. An important problem in this context is to quantify the small range of parameters at which the interaction takes place. This has been achieved by using adiabatic ODEs for the soliton characteristics, which is much faster than an empirical scan of the full propagation equations for all parameters in question.


The objective was to evaluate the economic viability of using different lipid sources in the diet of lactating cows. The experiment was done in an area of 42ha, divided into eight paddocks with an average size of approximately 5.3ha each, consisting of Brachiaria brizantha. Twelve Holstein x Zebu crossbred cows were distributed in three 4 x 4 Latin Squares. The four treatments consisted of different lipid sources, as follows: no extra source of dietary lipids, diet with cottonseed, diet with soybean oil, and diet with soybean frying oil. The diets were formulated to meet the requirements for maintenance and production of 15 kg/day, with 3.5% fat. To study the effect of economic analysis, two economic indicators were used: net present value and internal return rate. A one year simulation was produced to study economic characteristics, computing the depreciation of facilities and machinery in this period. The total cost per animal and per liter of milk produced increased with the use of lipid sources in the diet. All treatments had positive values for profit per animal, with observed values of R$ 2.82, R$ 2.68, R$ 2.39 and R$ 2.09, for treatments without lipid source; soybean frying oil as lipid source; cottonseed as lipid source and soybean oil as lipid source, respectively. The internal return rate was more advantageous when no fat source was used in the diet, demonstrating that this treatment is economically better for an investor, generating 0.73% per month. The net present value calculation shows that this investment is viable for all treatments with a 6% discount rate. Treatment without lipid source had a lower production cost and therefore is more cost-effective. Milk production is not viable for any treatment with return rates of the net present value of 10 and 12%.


Estimation of the elastic properties of the crust from surface seismic recordings is of great importance for the understanding of lithology and for the detection of mineral resources. Although in marine reflection experiments only P-waves are recorded, information on shear properties of the medium is contained in multioffset reflection seismograms. Being able to retrieve both dilatational and shear properties gives stronger constraints on the lithology. It is therefore desirable to recover isotropic elastic parameters from multioffset seismograms. Unfortunately, most classical waveform fitting methods used for extracting shear properties of the subsurface are based on a 1-D earth model assumption and on linear approximations of the wave equations. In this paper, a 2.5-D elastic waveform inversion method is used to extract the variations of acoustic impedance and Poisson's ratio from marine multioffset reflection seismograms collected in the Gulf of Mexico area. A complete seismic profile is interpreted, i...


We have analyzed a fermionic infinite-ranged quantum Heisenberg spin glass with BCS coupling in real space in the presence of a magnetic field. It has been possible to locate the transition line between the normal paramagnetic phase (NP) and the phase where there is a long range order corresponding to pair formation in sites (PAIR). The nature of the transition line is also investigated. This transition ends at T f , the transition temperature between NP and spin glass phase (SG) where the static approximation and replica symmetry ansatz are reliable. The competition between the superconducting and spin glass ordering has been reported in cuprete super-conductor [1], heavy fermions [2] and conventional super-conductors doped with magnetic impurities [3]. Theoretical studies [4] in these later systems have been mainly interested in the calculation of the superconducting density of states by using a model composed by a conventional BCS interaction for the conducting electrons which interact with the localized magnetic impurities by a s–d exchange interaction. In the present work the interplay between the mechanism responsible by the spin glass ordering and the BCS pairing among localized fermions of opposite spins has been investigated for the half filling case at mean field level. This has been done by using a Hamiltonian with a fermionic Heisenberg spin glass and a BCS pairing interaction in real space [5]. This model has been obtained from Ref. [4] tracing out by perturbation the conducting fermionic degrees of freedom. We consider the Hamiltonian given by Eq. (A20) of Ref. [5] in the presence of a magnetic field H z. The problem is formulated in the path integral formalism where the spins are represented by bilinear combinations of Grassmann fields and random coupling among the spins are infinite ranged with a Gaussian distribution with zero mean and variance given by Ref. [6]. The disorder is treated in the context of the replica method with an important difference compared with its classical counterparts: in the quantum case the diagonal component of the spin glass order parameter is no longer constrained to unity. In fact, the location of other transitions depends on this component even when the non-diagonal component is zero. The magnetic field in the z direction separates the order parameters in two groups: transversal to the field and parallel to it [7]. The transversal non-diagonal spin glass order parameter is taken as null. The static approximations and the …


As of 1993, R. S. Thomas has published 28 collections of poetry, including his 548-page Collected Poems 1945-1990, which has been called "the greatest publishing event in Anglo-Welsh poetry since Dylan Thomas's Collected Poems came out in 1952 - some would say since Anglo-Welsh poetry was ever published at all" (Conran 15). The corpus of Thomas's work has commonly been divided into three periods: an early period (1946-55) dominated by explorations of the east Wales hill country and its small-holding farmers; a middle period (1955-72) in which his interest in the Welsh landscape and "peasant" farmers merges with expressions of his developing nationalist convictions; and a later period (1972 to the present), which turns from Wales as a physical, cultural, and political entity to address metaphysical questions concerning the relationship between God and human beings, and between the self and the spirit, in a materialistic, self-destructive world. While the arrangement of dominant themes into distinct periods provides a means of encapsulating decades of literary production, it also tends to mask the complexities of individual poems and obscure the variety of connections among poems. Poems treating the dominant themes of nature, nationalism, and religion in fact sustain the entirety of Thomas's work, intertwining, transforming, repeating, and merging throughout the collections published to date. Referring to these characteristics of Thomas's poetry, poet and critic Anthony Conran observes that One of the difficulties of talking about R. S. Thomas is the way his work seems to progress in great irregular spirals: each of his books may have pieces that refer back, in style, material or attitude, over several volumes or even to the very beginnings of his poetry. It may also have poems in it which seem totally new, but which have to wait their development two or three volumes in the future. (Cost 234) While Conran does not mention W. B. Yeats in this analysis, a Yeatsian attention to relationships among poems - within a single collection and among collections - clearly informs Thomas's construction of his poetic canon and shapes our understanding of his poetic autobiography.(1) In investigating this poetic autobiography, I will primarily treat The Echoes Return Slow, a collection published in 1988, when Thomas was 76 years old. As Thomas's only overtly and wholly autobiographical collection, The Echoes Return Slow deliberately draws to itself and revises his previous life and work, looking backward from his present consciousness and knowledge, and forward to his final years of life and productivity. At the same time, the collection is a sustained prose-and-poem sequence with a movement and unity of its own. If Thomas's Collected Poems functions as a looking glass or mirror, presenting a life the life of the poet(2) - distinct from but reflective of Thomas's lived life, then The Echoes Return Slow might be described as a mirror reflecting that mirror.(3) I want to explore one facet of the multifaceted "Life of the Poet" contained in these poems: Thomas's understanding of how and why he writes poetry. Within this area, I want specifically to examine his conception of poetry as the transformation of spiritual wounds, his requirement for brutal honesty in poetry, and his capacity for poetic renewal. The Echoes Return Slow is the only volume of Thomas's to combine prose and poetry: 60 prose passages and 60 poems are arranged on facing pages, none is titled, none is longer than a single page. In an interview with Planet, Thomas acknowledges the influence of Geoffrey Hill's semiautobiographical prose sequence, Mercian Hymns, on the form of The Echoes Return Slow. I was partially influenced by Geoffrey Hill's Mercian Hymns, but did not want to imitate him with a prose sequence. Partly I had in mind Coleridge's gloss on the verses in "The Ancient Mariner." It was a kind of counterpointing. (50)(4) While suggestive of entries from a memoir in their visual impact and direct, chronological treatment of life experiences, the prose passages on the left-hand pages are less like memoir entries and more like poetry in being highly wrought; carrying a weight of metaphoric, sometimes disjunctive content; and demonstrating careful attention to sound patterns and rhythm. …


The article concerns one aspect of forensic linguistics, which concerns determination by the challenged statements. This is done in collaboration with linguist – creating a profile linguistic songwriter – and a psychologist – that creates a psychological profile. The cooperation of specialists can be used at the level of assessment, which is used for the purposes of investigation and legal proceedings. Expertise in the field of forensic linguistics (forensic linguistics, German. Forensische Linguistik) include setting by/performance of speech based on the content of spoken or written (eg. The farewell letters, threatening letters, ransom demands); the possibility of setting texts by anonymous on the Internet, to determine the characteristics of linguistic stalkers and cyberstalkerow that can identify the sender of the message sender identification of the origin country, constructing linguistic profile anonymous author, the linguistic profile of the author of the well-known text. It should be added that the analysis of the content in content-language document contains emotional component, which is related to our knowledge about the determinants of language to express emotions, both negative and positive. An important element of the text is a matter of psychological portrait of the sender (author and / or performer) of the text based on the identified linguistic features.