The car driver of tomorrow will enjoy an increasing variety of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) that assist in the driving task. An important step in the development of ADAS is the integration of driver support functions. However, little insight exists yet into this issue. This paper discusses a user needs survey that provides more insight into integrated driver assistance from the motorist's point of view. By means of an Internet questionnaire car drivers are asked to indicate their needs for driver assistance during certain driving tasks (e.g. congestion driving) and circumstances (e.g. reduced visibility). From these user needs, consequences for the integration of driver support functions can be deduced with respect to technology, HMI, and functional operation. Preliminary results of the survey indicate that there seems to be a need for functions that provide information or warnings. This points to the importance of aspects surrounding the HMI, such as information management. Respondents also have a preference for functions that include a form of communication, such as a warning for an unsafe headway in a curve, which implies communication with a digital map. The results further show that the ideal driver support system should be personal, and thus taking into account the driver's skills and preferences.


The linear and non-linear, adaptive and geometric methods have been considered for smooth approximations for compact image representation to improve performance of subsequent processing, storage and transmission. This allows you to increase the effectiveness of methods for removing noise, segmentation, detection of the edges and pattern recognition. Comparative analysis of approximation methods for image compression tasks is performed on the basis of quantitative and qualitative visual assessment. The conclusion regards the methods of dynamic adaptation to the structure of images. Refs.: 22.


The indications for implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are expanding and workers' use of ICDs has increased. The aim of this paper was to investigate the new directive, 2013/35/EU, on occupational exposure to ELF electric fields and the electrical workers' use of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICDs). For example, the directive includes information about medical implants, e.g. ICDs and possible interference problems. In this paper, we describe our earlier study of ICDs and analyze where it is possible to find such high electric fields that the exposure can influence the ICDs. Based on experiments at Tampere University of Technology, the electric field under a 400 kV power line may disturb an ICD, when the electric field is below the low action level (10 kV/m). However, there were no no effects observed on ICDs functioning up to 0.9 kV/m, and only anomalous behavior in some conditions was observed when levels exceeded 5.1 kV/m. The risk of disturbances is not considered to be high.


Over the past few years, it seems that a good way to ensure a small audience for a technical session at any of the mainstream GIS conferences, is to include in your presentation title words such as `semantics', `ontologies' or `interoperability'. While these topics continue to be popular at GIScience research conferences and in the scientific literature, there is little doubt the average GIS user finds them both confusing and uninteresting. Yet closer examination reveals they are in fact quite relevant to GIS users in the 21st century. Clearly, then, the problem lies in the message delivery ± not its content. Accordingly, in this editorial I would like to help demystify these subjects and hopefully explain them in more practical and simple terms. To begin with, let's go back in time to the beginnings of GIS. If you were trying to put together a dataset for use in a GIS about 25 years ago, the likelihood was that it was for a public agency as there were few private sector systems at that time. Furthermore, in those days data modeling was relatively straightforward. If you worked in the natural resource arena you chose a grid-cell approach, and if you worked in utilities you opted for the vector model. As you set about the major task of digitizing your hardcopy data, you were probably too busy to be concerned with what other agencies were doing with their GIS, or how they were going about the task of representing and categorizing the real-world within their databases. For example, in your database you only defined two classes of roads because that was all you were interested in and you represented them by line segments. However, the local transportation agency had decided to define five classes (because it needed them for capital funding and maintenance program purposes) and to represent them by polygons, while the state land registry was simply digitizing land parcel boundaries ± and it just happened that the regularly spaced gaps left between the street blocks comprised their interpretation of roads (identified simply by placing text annotation in the database). So we have three different examples of how roads might be modeled and classified, each of them quite valid and sensible within the context of their host agencies, and no doubt similar stories can be told in most jurisdictions around the world. By and large, these inter-agency differences went unresolved throughout the 1970s and early-1980s, as lengthy and expensive project implementation plans crept toward finalization. In any case, data sharing was not common back then because the telecommunication networks and transfer protocols had not been widely established ± and remember, this was the era when data transfer meant physically carrying delicate Transactions in GIS, 2002, 6(2): 83±87


According to the problem that the current deployment methods and tools lead to complex control of software version, simple and repeated labor, and low work efficiency for the distributed software system containing a variety of applications deployed and upgraded on computers of different hardware configurations and operating systems, a remote and unified software automated deployment platform is designed by studying software automated deployment platform and key techniques of software information description language, software intelligent deployment algorithm and multi-agent communication mechanism. The experiment shows that the deployment platform can automatically detect software deployment conflicts, adjust conflicts, make collaborative decisions of software deployment, realize the unified and intelligent deployment at last.


Here we investigated the role of physiological stress on participants' lethal force decisions with Black suspects using a novel virtual reality (VR) paradigm. We examined the conditional and mediational roles of implicit racism and visual attention to Black suspects. For this study, we filmed a series of high-risk suspect-police interactions with a 360° video camera which, when viewed through the VR headset, embeds the participants in these scenarios from the perspective of a police officer. Embedded eye tracking in the VR enabled assessment of both physiological stress (through pupil dilation) and attention (through gaze location). Analysis of these behavioral data with criminal justice majors ( N = 39) revealed a facilitative function of physiological stress for improving accuracy in lethal force decisions, specifically among those with low levels of implicit racism. Findings also indicated that dysregulated attention—characterized by either disorganized or fixated attentional patterns—compromised lethal force decision making. Results are discussed in relation to future applications of VR to inform our understanding of cognitive and affective precursors of poor decision making. Implications include the promise of cognitive-behavioral interventions for mitigating dysregulated attention patterns, ultimately towards the end of reducing unwarranted uses of lethal force against Black men and women.


Multiple small-angle neutron scattering from fractals is considered. It is shown that the mean free path l in many cases is small compared to the commonly used sample thickness L. For multiple scattering when l\ensuremath{\ll}L the width of the intensity distribution ${\mathit{q}}_{\mathit{L}}$ is proportional to ${\mathit{L}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}$, where \ensuremath{\mu}=1/(4-${\mathit{D}}_{\mathit{s}}$) and \ensuremath{\mu}=1/(${\mathit{D}}_{\mathit{v}}$-2) for the surface and volume fractals, respectively, and ${\mathit{D}}_{\mathit{s},\mathit{v}}$ is the corresponding dimensionality of the fractals. In both cases \ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\gtrsim}1/2 and the multiple scattering is a superdiffusion. The large-q tail of the intensity is the same as observed for single scattering. However, parts of the total intensity for q${\mathit{q}}_{\mathit{L}}$ and q\ensuremath{\gtrsim}${\mathit{q}}_{\mathit{L}}$ have the same order of magnitude and transition to the quasi-Guinier regime occurs at q\ensuremath{\ll}${\mathit{q}}_{\mathit{L}}^{(\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}})}$${\ensuremath{\xi}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ where \ensuremath{\xi} is cut off for behavior. It is shown that the failure of the diffusive random-walk description of the small-angle multiple scattering takes place in all cases when the mean square of the scattering angle ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\vartheta}}}^{2}$ for the single scattering is an ill-defined quantity.


The aging of brain is a topic has been constantly studied. Particularly, the norms for the elderly are important in diagnosing degenerative brain diseases, but the aging brain of East Asians has not been fully studied yet. "Neuro I" is a brain image quantitative analysis system with a built‐in large‐scale normative database for East Asians to provide quantified clinical information on how different an individual patient is from normal people. The study aimed to investigate ethnic differences of cortical brain volumes in normal elderly people, and to determine whether the norms considering racial disparities could improve the accuracy of diagnosis.


A cutting fluid passageway that supplies a cutting fluid is disposed in a machining space (inside of a machine tool) of a machining tool isolated by a cover. The cutting fluid passageway is formed so that the upper portion thereof is opened in the passageway direction. Then, the cutting fluid is supplied from the cutting fluid passageway to a workpiece and a tool during machining or to the inside of the machine tool on which scattered chips produced by the processing are accumulated.


In parallel with the increasing consumption of the energy and with the arising of the environmental concerns, the researches have been focused on the possible ways of improving the conventional power systems. To that end, "Smart Grid" concept has been introduced in order to remedy the mentioned problems while incorporating various capabilities such as advanced metering, monitoring, self-healing and communication to the systems. Smart grid structure consists of numerous advanced components and among these, "Smart Home" is of great importance due to its handling difficulties caused by the behaviours of consumers. Therefore, an experimental smart home with various renewable energy sources and storage systems has been realized in Yildiz Technical University (YTU) in the frame of a project and in this study, the objectives and development of the project are described.


Let us start with a simple definition of banking. What do banks do ? They acquire illiquid risky assets, and fund them with demandable debt. They earn risk premia (on average, not always !) on the risk transformations they perform, namely diversification, leverage, maturity and liquidity mismatch. To raise funding, since most investors prefer safe, short term and liquid assets. Banks fund their assets by much cheaper funding than any other industry. They achieve this by offering liquidity on demand, a promise made credible by deposit insurance and access to central bank refinancing. 1 Investor confidence on the immediacy of access to money ensures that deposits are routinely rolled over, thus supporting long term lending.


Alain Desrosières: This colleague, friend and internationally known specialist on the history and development of statistics, especially in the social sciences, died on 15 February 2013 before we could publish his article which follows in English. This is a short description of his life and work.


The arterial supply of the suprarenal gland was studied in 25 fetal or neonatal specimens consisting of both suprarenal glands, kidneys, diaphragm and associated vessels and 50 selected, adult postmortem specimens. The suprarenal arteries are derived from the aorta but the superior and inferior artery invariably become the chief supply of the diaphragm and kidney, respectively.


The study intended to analyze physician's post medical error disclosure process. This is a qualitative understanding research with ten Brazilian physicians from a private hospital. Participants were interviewed following a semi-structured script. From the data obtained in this research, results indicated that the surgical specialties or those in related fields had a higher error incidence. Classical medical training further reinforces a specific behavior by physicians that makes it difficult to acknowledge a mistake in their practice. Overall, disclosure was well received by physicians, and they realized the possibility of rethinking their actions and evaluating their behavior as one of the benefits of the process. Nevertheless, they suggested that disclosure should also focus on the mental health of the professionals involved. The social barriers of the country, which favor an error-free culture and make it more difficult for professionals to make mistakes could be rethought by using disclosure as a tool to improve the physician-patient relationship. Emotional support to physicians is necessary, as it helps giving better advise to medical professionals to resume their practice without anxiety and fears. Therefore, we expect disclosure to serve as a strategy for countries to invest in improving patient quality and safety, and to advance the practice of medicine.


To construct a scientific and reasonable curriculum which meets both the demands of cultivating talents for public security work and the demands of the practical work is a pressing and important issue in the cultivation of high-quality talents and the strategic development of higher education.The construction of such a curriculum should be guided by advanced and scientific concepts.This curriculum should be innovative and characteristic,practical and applicable,open and forward.The teaching mechanism should be reformed aiming to enhance students' capability.And the teaching management should be standardized to guarantee the implementation of such a curriculum.


The aim of the project is the enhancement of a greener, innovative and sustainable mobility through the extension of the existing railway system with as little changes as possible and the development of new modes of transport, providing a fast and seamless combination of rail and water transport, followed by short distance travel to the final destination by motorized vehicles or bicycles. This would be achieved through the extension in the Danube River Basin of the motorail system which allows the transport of cars, motorbikes and small trailers, creating an efficient, seamless and low-carbon transport network, thus contributing to the sustainable development of economic competitiveness and growth, of an integrated European single market and of an open and inclusive society, of tourist accessibility to new countries.


: Developed countries have been allocating vast amounts of funds as foreign aid to developing nations. However, foreign aid policy has been attracting a lot of criticism. One prominent criticism is that foreign aid allocations have not been determined by the needs of the recipient countries. This paper addresses this issue and examines the determinants of official development assistance allocations including both bilateral and multilateral foreign aid over the period 2000-2005. The empirical findings reveal the complex nature of foreign aid allocations. The aid donors did tend to provide larger amounts of foreign aid to the poorer developing nations, but at the same time, empirical evidence indicates a distortion in the direction of the aid flows where the developing countries with smaller population were given more foreign aid.


The present work consist in doing an analysis about Catalonia ́s independence process from its origins to the present, on the basis of the content of our supreme norm, which is The Constitution of 1978. Moreover, I am will carrying out with the analysis of the main sentences pronounced nowadays by the constitutional court of conflict between the Central Government and Catalonia ́s Government. Finally, analyzing the consequences that would become deduced in European law from de secession of a state if it was carried out unilaterally.


The work in this thesis divides naturally into two distinct parts which are linked by the general underlying theme of chiral discrimination. The first part concerns the discriminatory response of chiral molecules to circularly polarized light which constitutes optical activity, the second, chiral discrimination in intermolecular forces. Specifically, in Part I, a detailed study of rotational optical activity is undertaken. Expressions are derived to describe Raman optical activity, optical rotation and circular dichroism by first treating the simple case of a symmetric top molecule and then allowing this to be the basis for the more sophisticated development required for an asymmetric top molecule. In Part II, discrimination in the dispersion interaction between odd-electron chiral molecules is studied. It is shown that novel contributions to the discriminatory interaction are introduced by allowing for the time-odd part of the molecular optical activity tensor which is supported by chiral molecular systems in which there is some source of time asymmetry, as provided, for example, by the residual electronic angular momenta of odd-electron molecules. Both a semi-classical and a quantum electrodynamical treatment are given, the latter making possible a study of the wave-zone region in which the finite speed of light must be taken into account. Calculations, within the semi-classical model, on a hypothetical odd-electron chiral transition metal complex of 0* symmetry indicate that the new discriminatory contributions could be within an order of magnitude of the conventional discriminatory contributions.


Contemporary urban governance increasingly involves the participation of various groups of stakeholders in the strategic planning and development of urban environment. Coordination of actions of city authorities and stakeholders becomes one of the most important issues of the governmental effectiveness, while the search for interested groups and cooperation with them is an important direction of both research and governmental activities. In this study, we aim to identify stakeholders in smart city development process and test the effectiveness of the stakeholderanalysis method as a tool for improving strategic planning of the urban environment, using the case of Moscow. We demonstrate how the use of the tools of social network analysis allows to focus strategic documents on stakeholder groups that play an important role in the development of the city, although not an obvious one. The object of empirical study is social relations between the main stakeholders of urban environment that influence strategic management. We use the centrality measures analysis to identify the main stakeholders that have the strongest and weakest impact on the development of a smart city of Moscow, and the edge betweenness method to identify the existing communities of urban actors. The paper discusses the problems of communication strategizing in large cities, and also concludes that the use of stakeholder analysis in the context of the urban environment can improve the quality of strategy development and implementation.


The paper introduces the shot-blasting technology,analyzes the shot-blasting principles,compares it with traditional highway-bridge construction face treatment method,and points out advantages of shot-blasting technology,such as not damaging pavement structure,improving the cohesion of pavement and subgrade,and improving highway-bridge pavement quality as well.


Enhanced three-dimensional finite elements for geometrically nonlinear analysis of cable-supported structures are presented. The cable element, derived by using the concept of an equivalent modulus of elasticity and assuming the deflection curve of a cable as catenary function, is proposed to model the cables. The stability functions for a frame member are modified to obtain a numerically stable solution. Various numerical examples are solved to illustrate the versatility and efficiency of the proposed finite element model. It is shown that the finite elements proposed in this study can be very useful for geometrically nonlinear analysis as well as free vibration analysis of three-dimensional cable-supported structures.


The desorption characteristics of Ti29.25Cr26.59V37.25Fe6.91Ce1.10 alloy hydride were investigated by XRD,neutron diffractometry,in-situ temperature dependent XRD and TG analysis.The results show that the metal atoms of the main phase and most deuterium atoms in deuteride(plateau pressure 2 MPa) occupy the 4a and 8c sites,respectively.The deuterides have FFC structure with space group Fm3 m.The two hydrides experience twice phase transformation during the desorption process.The phase change occurs at low temperature corresponding to the transformation of β hydride with high hydrogen content to α hydride with low hydrogen content,while the phase change occurs at high temperature corresponding to the transformation of α hydride to hydrogen-free BCC alloy.The β hydride in two samples have the same deformed FCC structure(SP:P4/mmm).The α hydride in Ti29.23Cr26.57V37.2Fe7.0Ce1.10 sample has BCT structure(SP:I4/mmm),while α hydride in Ti26.5V45Fe8.5Cr20Ce0.5 sample has BCC structure.


A comparative study of indirect and direct flow cytometric analysis for adherence of Vibrio cholerae to Intestine 407 cells was performed. The direct flow cytometric analysis employed the lipophilic dye PKH‐2. It was concluded that direct flow cytometry using the lipophilic dye PKH‐2 is useful and convenient for analyzing bacterium‐host cell interactions, since it does not require any specific antibody as the first antibody.


ABSTRACT Normal and oblique impacts of water drops on dry solid surfaces were studied experimentally, to investigate the conditions for drop rebound. Although data from literature suggest that rebound of a drop from a surface can be achieved when wettability is low (i.e. contact angles are high), no clear quantitative criterion exists to predict when a drop will rebound. As such, experimental tests were conducted to study impacts of millimetric water drops on different dry solid hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces, with different wettability characteristics (i.e. with different advancing and receding contact angle, T A and T R , respectively, and contact angle hysteresis, 'T ). The study was focused at performing a phenomenological investigation of drop impact, at understanding in which conditions a drop rebound, and at evaluating drop rebound time (time shift between impact and detachment of the drop from the surface). Impacts were performed on horizontal and tilted surfaces, to evaluate the effect of surface inclination on drop impact outcome. Millimetric water drops were used (constant diameter,


The invention discloses a piece of composite wallpaper, and a processing method and device of the piece of the composite wallpaper. The piece of the composite wallpaper comprises a face material and a substrate, wherein a hot melt glue layer is arranged between the face material and the substrate, the processing method comprises the following steps: firstly, powder solid hot melt glue is spread on the back surface of the face material or the surface of the substrate in a dispersed manner, then through heating, the power solid hot melt glue is softened or melted on the back surface of the face material or the surface of the substrate, the substrate or the face material is composited on the face material or the substrate through roll extrusion, and then rolling is performed. The composite wallpaper, provided by the invention, is good in environmental protection property, the waterproofness and the breathability are good, the probabilities of foaming and getting mouldy are low, and the composite wallpaper is suitable for population and use in a large scope. The processing method and device for the composite wallpaper can ensure pollution-free product production, the production and the processing are convenient, the equipment structure is simple, and the produced product is stable in quality.


A new species, Psychotria ngotphamii (sect. Psychotrieae), is described and illustrated from Bidoup - Nui Ba National Park, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam. Psychotria ngotphamii is most similar to P. bonii Pit. but distinguished by its smaller leaf blades, shorter petioles, longer calyx and corolla lobes, and larger fruits. Photographs, vernacular name, preliminary conservation assessment, and a table comparing P. ngotphamii with its closest allies are provided.


The growth of Si1-xGex quantum wells with high Ge composition (x>0.5) on Si(001) substrates by MBE is of great interest both for HMOS device applications and fundamental research. One of the possibilities to obtain a high Ge content Si1-xGex channel for mobile carriers, while retaining its strain, is to grow a relaxed Si1-yGey buffer layer on an underlying Si substrate. Such a buffer is termed a virtual substrate (VS), which is a constituent of SiGe metamorphic heterostructures. The effect of annealing on the structure of the Si(001)/VS/Si0.7Ge0.3/Si0.2Ge0.8/Si0.7Ge0.3 heterostructures was studied by grazing angle of incidence RBS. The thickness of the Si0.2Ge0.8 channel is inhomogeneous, which makes the analysis of the data by traditional means very hard. We have developed a model whereby the influence of the thickness inhomogeneity of each layer in the apparent energy resolution as a function of depth can be calculated. Automatic fits to the data were performed, and the roughness parameters, that is, the standard deviation of the thickness inhomogeneity of the relevant layers, were obtained, together with the thickness and stoichiometry of each layer. The results are compared with TEM and high resolution XRD experiments.


Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS), also known as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), is a rare multisystem disease with an autosomal dominant inheritance, high penetrance, and variable expressivity [1, 2]. GGS shows a predisposition to neoplasms and other developmental abnormalities. The estimated prevalence varies from 1/57,000 to 1/256,000 among various studies, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1 [2]. The first report of the syndrome was in 1894 by Jarisch and White in a patient with multiple basal cell carcinomas, scoliosis, and learning disability. Binkley and Johnson in 1951 and Howell and Caro in 1959 suggested a relationship between basal cell epitheliomas and developmental malformations. It was delineated only in 1960 by Robert James Gorlin and William Goltz [3, 4] who established the classical triad (multiple basocellular epitheliomas, keratocyst in jaw, and bifid ribs) that characterizes the diagnosis of this syndrome. It is also called as the fifth phakomatosis due to the presence of multiple cutaneous, skeletal, ophthalmic and neurological abnormalities. In addition to the characteristic diagnostic features, GGS patients may also have frontal and parietal bossing, mandibular prognathism, and cutaneous abnormalities such as multiple basal cell carcinomas and palmar and plantar keratosis. GGS can also include concomitant hypertelorism, mental retardation, strabismus, calcification of the falx cerebri and medulloblastomas [6]. The genetic locus for GGS is on 9q22.3-q31, as determined by linkage analysis, which also contains the loss of human patched gene (PTCH1 gene), a tumor suppressor gene; this gene likely forms the molecular basis of the syndrome [5,7]. This gene is significant for embryonic development and cell cycle. Interestingly, the syndrome exhibits abnormalities similar to those seen in people exposed for long periods to UV radiation. Several different mutations of the PTCH1 gene have been identified in patients with GGS and may be responsible for its variable expressivity [2,3].


A47-year-old African-American woman presented to our clinic with right leg swelling, tightness, and discoloration (Fig. 1). Two weeks earlier, she had noticed some redness and gradual swelling of both her ankles. Symptoms progressed to involve the right leg. She denied fever or chills. Two weeks before her symptoms, she had traveled to Virginia by a 2-hour flight. Her history was significant for being human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive, hypertension, and hypothyroidism after radioactive iodine therapy for Graves' disease. Her current medications included Atripla, levothyroxine, and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis. On physical examination, she was afebrile. Significant examination included facial (bilateral periorbital edema) and lower extremities (right leg and foot were edematous, red, and indurate with peau d'orange texture). There was no increased warmth. Both ankles were edematous. Dorsum of left foot had brawny indurations (all this was new as per patient). The left leg was normal. Laboratory studies from a previous visit revealed the following values: white blood cell, 2700/KL (44% neutrophil, 43% lymphocyte, and 1% eosinophil); hemoglobin, 14.7 g/dL; platelet, 329,000/KL; and CD4 count, 271 cells/KL (19%); and laboratory studies revealed unremarkable renal and liver function test results and undetectable HIV viral load. What is your diagnosis?


Because of relaxing entry regulation and lowering tariff and non-tariff post-WTO, foreign import goods that are sold much cheaper, to some extent as a trade-off of foreign direct investment, will largely enter into Chinese market. The foreign import goods will influence Chinese enterprises' entry and exit, and further impose deep and lasting effects on Chinese market structure, conduct and performance. To cope with such influence and effects, and to make proper public policy are the crucial affairs to Chinese economic development.


Objective To explore the role of head nurse in the management of high quality nursing. Method Effectively providing high quality nursing service by renewing ideas, changing nursing mode, focusing on construction of high quality nursing connotation, and strengthening nurse team consciousness. Result The nursing service quality and patient satisfaction was improved, and the nursing safety was effectively guaranteed. Conclusion Head nurse plays a crucial role in the management of high quality nursing.


Creativity plays a important role in educational domain.Humanistic psychologist Maslow's creativity theory contains the classification,the essence,and psychological conditions of ctreativity.According to Maslow's theory,educators should confirm the universality and diversity of creativity,stress the importance of personality cultivation,provide a safe and free environment.


The leading theory for the formation of Earth's Moon invokes a collision between a Mars-sized body and the proto-Earth to produce a disk of orbiting material that later condenses to form the Moon. We show that the disk opacity is large, and cooling is therefore inefficient ( ). In this regime, angular momentum transport in the disk leads to steady heating unless . Following earlier work by Charnoz and Michaut, and Carballido et al., we show that once the disk is completely vaporized it is well coupled to the magnetic field. We consider a scenario in which turbulence driven by magnetic fields leads to a brief, hot phase where the disk is geometrically thick, with strong turbulent mixing. The disk cools by spreading until it decouples from the field. We point out that approximately half the accretion energy is dissipated in the boundary layer where the disk meets the Earth's surface. This creates high entropy material close to the Earth, driving convection and mixing. Finally, a hot magnetized disk could drive bipolar outflows that remove mass and angular momentum from the Earth–Moon system.


A New Drug Application for ritonavir, an HIV protease inhibitor manufactured by Abbott Laboratories, has been submitted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an HIV infection treatment. Results of randomized clinical trials demonstrated the efficacy of ritonavir alone and in combination with AZT. The trials showed a decrease in mean average viral RNA level and statistically significant increases in CD4 count. Another study combining ritonavir with AZT and ddC also showed favorable results. Ritonavir was generally well tolerated.


The aim of our study was to analyze the reproduction dynamics and fertility rates of the Ayrshire cattle population in Russia and to assess the level of influence of the AH1 haplotype on the incidence of stillbirth. For an overall fertility estimate, we used 390,769 records of 67 dairy herds in Russia from 2003 to 2018. Against the background of stable population growth, the average stillbirth rate was 3.33% and the abortion rate was 0.075%. A high percentage of stillbirth (5.13%) from heifers the first fertilization event, and there was a high rate of abortions in older cows (11 calving, 1.76%). An analysis of 62,534 records of bulls with the rs475678587C>T variant of UBE3B gene (AH1 haplotype) (n = 69, of which 51 bulls were free from and 18 were carriers of AH1) for the period 2002 to 2018 showed that the proportion of female offspring of AH1-C bulls completing at least one full period of lactation was about one-third of the total livestock. An analysis of the results of mating with AH-F and AH-C bulls for the broodstock as a whole (without taking into account the female genotype) did not reveal significant differences in the number of stillbirths and abortions. Linear regression analysis showed that the status of AH1 bulls did not significantly affect stillbirth rates. An analysis of the results of calving and the reproductive ability of the offspring of AH-C bulls showed an increase in the frequency of stillbirths, confirmed by the results of linear regression analysis, which revealed a significant effect of bull fathers carrying AH1on the proportion of stillbirths experienced by their daughters. Our studies confirm that the rs475678587C>T variant of the UBE3B gene (haplotype AH1) has a significant effect on the rate of stillbirth of a cow or heifer if their father is a carrier of this genetic defect.


The purpose of this study is to present a thematic and etymological glossary of aquatic and bird genera names which have been mentioned in Iranian Bundahisn. In this research, after arranging animal names in Persian alphabetic order in their respective genus, first the transliteration and transcription of animal names in middle Persian language are provided. Afterwards, the part of Bundahisn that contains the actual animal names and the relevant translations are mentioned. The etymology of every animal name is described by considering the morphemic source. Finally, mention is made of the mythology connected to the animal and the animal category in Iranian Bundahisn (if available), and the way in which the words have changed from Old Persian up to now. Changes in the name of every animal from the ancient languages such as Indo-European, Sanskrit, Old Persian and Avestan to middle languages such as Pahlavi, Sogdian, Khotanese, and Chorasmian and how the name appears in new Iranian languages and dialects such as Behdini (Gabri), Kurdi, Baluchi and Yaghnobi are also referred to.


We present a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of the electronic properties and photocatalytic activity of nitrogen-doped anatase TiO2 nanobelts. UV-visible spectra show enhanced absorption in the visible light range for nitrogen-doped nanobelts compared to the pristine sample. The nitrogen-doped nanobelts exhibit improved photocatalytic activity compared to the pristine sample upon visible light irradiation. Furthermore, the incorporation of nitrogen introduces localized states in the band gap.


Abstract The frailties, representing extra variations due to unobserved measurements, are often assumed to be iid in shared frailty models. In medical applications, however, a speculation can arise that a data set might violate the iid assumption. In this paper we investigate this conjecture through an analysis of the kidney infection data in McGilchrist and Aisbett (McGilchrist, C. A., Aisbett, C. W. (1991). Regression with frailty in survival analysis. Biometrics 47:461–466). As a test procedure, we consider the cusum of squares test which is frequently used for monitoring a variance change in statistical models. Our result strongly sustains the heterogeneity of the frailty distribution.


The present work proposes the use of the so-called "moving mean control charts" for the continuous monitoring of the fluidized bed. A rotating distributor was used as a counteracting measurement against the defluidization phenomena. The results showed the utility of the proposed strategy to identify the defluidization and recuperation processes.


The Dysderidœ is a small family of spiders occupying in a certain respect an intermediate postion between the Tetrapneumones and the Dipneumones; the openings to the tracheæ are just behind the lung-slits, so that they may appear to have four lungs. The eyes are six in all of our forms. The mandibles are not small, in Dysdera quite large. The male palpi are quite simple in structure.


This article is based on a phenomenon of inequality that occurs in Indonesia which is still quite high. Besides, the current reality shows that the implementation of political economy has not been able to meet the primary needs of each individual. The purpose of this article is to describe and elaborate the concepts and objectives of Islamic political economy. The used method is a qualitative descriptive method with a literature review approach with sources from books, journals, news and other sources relevant to the title. The results of the discussion of this article show that economic politics in perspective of Islam has a different perspective from capitalists. Islamic Political Economics aim to fulfill the primary needs (food, shelter and clothing) of each individual. In implementing the Islamic Political Economy, the state has an important role to play, either directly or indirectly. As for case studies in Indonesia, regarding aspects of fulfilling food needs, it is ranked 73rd in the world with GHI of 21.9. This is a very large number with a serious level. The number shows that Indonesian government has not been able to fulfill one of the political goals of Islamic economics, namely the fulfillment of each individual's food. In addition, in terms of security, education and health have not also been well fulfilled. It is expected that this writing able to become a reference and add to the treasure of thought regarding the Islamic economy.


This article is mainly concerned with what I will call Forwards and Backwards words, in which the letters progre s forwards through the alphabet to the middle of the word, then backwards. The rever e, Backwards and words, are al 0 dealt with. However, to begin,J recapitulate the simpler cases of words in which each successive letter occupies a later position in the alphabet (which, clearly, I must caJl Forwards words), and those in which each successive letter occupies an earlier position in the alphabet (Backwards words).


Delphi has provided many readymade components, and the Borland is providing more new components in his new version. These components can sustain the development of application system very well. But the programmers are still need to make new components to supply his soft. Furthermore, sometimes, we have to buy characteristic components that developed by others or download free components from the Internet. This article discussed how to make the new components by us and how to use the different ways to install and uninstall the components developed by others when these components were provided in different ways.


The purpose of this study was to build strategic communication theory by integrating organization-public relationship (OPR) variables from the relationship management literature into existing models of civic and political participation found in social capital theory. The study used data from a telephone survey of 998 residents of a mid-sized city during early 2008 to examine the interaction among interpersonal communication, media use, interpersonal trust, perceptions of respondents' relationships with their political parties, civic and political participation, and confidence in government. Results indicated that interpersonal communication, new media use, and relationship with political parties were related to increases in civic and political participation. Strong relationships with parties were also related to increased confidence in government. Implications of the integration of OPR variables into social capital theory are discussed as well as implications of social capital theory and OPR for strategic communication.


The finite element method was used, and experiments were performed to analyze the effect of different electrode spacings and power combinations on the electrical and thermal aspects of biological tissues during bipolar radiofrequency (RF) fat dissolution. Through these efforts, this study also attempted to develop a reasonable electrode spacing and power combination that can achieve fat dissolution effects, the RF energy of which will not thermally damage the tissue.


Translating natural language questions to semantic representations such as SPARQL is a core challenge in open-domain question answering over knowledge bases (KB-QA). Existing methods rely on a clear separation between an offline training phase, where a model is learned, and an online phase where this model is deployed. Two major shortcomings of such methods are that (i) they require access to a large annotated training set that is not always readily available and (ii) they fail on questions from before-unseen domains. To overcome these limitations, this paper presents NEQA, a continuous learning paradigm for KB-QA. Offline, NEQA automatically learns templates mapping syntactic structures to semantic ones from a small number of training question-answer pairs. Once deployed, continuous learning is triggered on cases where templates are insufficient. Using a semantic similarity function between questions and by judicious invocation of non-expert user feedback, NEQA learns new templates that capture previously-unseen syntactic structures. This way, NEQA gradually extends its template repository. NEQA periodically re-trains its underlying models, allowing it to adapt to the language used after deployment. Our experiments demonstrate NEQA's viability, with steady improvement in answering quality over time, and the ability to answer questions from new domains.


Harmonics of traction system could affect the normal operation of the track circuit in high speed railway. In order to understand the harmonic fully and to reduce the harm from harmonic, this paper analyzes the harmonic characteristics of the traction transformers and traction converters separately in theory. Furthermore, the harmonic characteristics are shown by simulation and on site test data.


Objective To develop an immunotoxin (M290-SAP) that selectively depleted CD103expressing cells in vivo and study the effect of M290-SAP on the pancreatic islet allograft rejection. Methods The CD103 antibody was conjugated with plant toxin (saporin) to produce M290-SAP. M290-SAP was intraperitoneally injected into mice at a dose of 2 mg/kg. The mice were divided into PBS, IgG-SAP,M290 and M290-SAP groups. CD103-positive cells were counted by flow cytometry. The islet allograft survival was observed in each treated group. Results The percentage of intestinal intraepithelial CD103 +CD8+ lymphocytes in total CD3 + lymphocytes was 70. 9%, 68.4% and 79. 5% in PBS, IgG-SAP and M290 groups, respectively, and that in M290-SAP group down to almost 0%. M290-SAP also abrogated the CD103+ thymocytes. Islet graft survival time was ( > 100 days,n=9) in M290-SAP group, significantly longer than PBS group, IgG-SAP and M290 groups (islet allografts were rejected within 20 days) (P< 0. 01 ). Conclusion Elimination of CD103-expressing cells with M290-SAP can prolong long-term islet allograft survival.

Key words:
Islet transplantation;  Thymus; Immunotoxin;  Anti-CD103;  CD8T lymphocytes


A minmax method for selecting the parameters of SVM is presented. According to the geometric meanings of the parameters and its influences to generalization performance, and the relations between the number of support vectors and leave-one-out method, the method uses the ration of support vectors to training samples is applied to estimate the generalization performance, and updates the kennel parameter (s) and penalty factor respectively. Its feasibility and efficiency are proved theoretically and experimentally.


'The men of 1853 demonstrated a new approach to communal leadership…In so many ways we still live in the wake of Jewish emancipation'.


1. Spectroscopy Methods (ICP-AES, ICP-MS, Atomic Absorption) 2. X-Ray Fluorescence 3. Neutron Activation Analysis 4. Proton-Induced X-Ray Emission 5. Source-Receptor Modeling 6. Multielemental Methods in Air Pollution Studies 7. Ion Chromatography 8. Standard Reference Materials in Quality Assurance and Quality Control Sampling Methodology 9. Data Basing of Large Sets of Environmental Measurements


The work principle and characteristics of structure of molecular sieve purifier, and temperature curve of the sieve are expounded. It emphasizes the importance of "adsorption temperature curve" and "reproduction temperature curve" to checking operation state of the molecular sieve purifier. And at the same time, typical water leakage failures of molecular sieves are analyzed.


This article explains the lack of British elder abuse research by focusing upon two aspects of the research process; the methadological difficulties of developing indicators of abuse and the ethical problems of using self-disclosure and victimisation surveys when researching a sensitive topic. As an illustration of these difficulties, the experience of using an American research methodology to determine the prevalence of elder abuse in Britain is described.


FIELD: metal cutting processes and tools, namely built up cutting tools such as cutters, boring tools and milling cutters. SUBSTANCE: cutting tip has two identical end surfaces, main lateral surfaces in the form of parallelogram and additional lateral surfaces; four angles. Two of four angles on each end face are protruded and two other are recessed. On one end face protruded and recessed angles are formed diagonally opposite to each other. Each angular lateral surface passes from protruded angle of one end side to recessed angle on other end side and vice versa. End sides have first symmetry axis; main lateral surfaces have second symmetry axis normal to first on and additional lateral surfaces have third symmetry axis normal to first and second symmetry axes. On end sides front surfaces are arranged; said surfaces form at crossing with main and additional lateral surfaces respectively main and additional cutting edges joined by means of angular cutting edges formed by crossing of front surface with angular lateral surface. Supporting surfaces for basing cutting tip in seat of cutting tool body are also arranged on end sides. Said supporting surfaces are in the form of bottoms of recesses formed partially or completely on front surfaces of end sides near angular lateral surfaces and they are arranged in pairs at each side of main plane defined by first and third symmetry axes. On each end side bottoms of recesses arranged near recessed angles are laid in plane or touch plane parallel to plane where bottoms of recesses arranged near protruded angles are arranged. Said planes are parallel to mean plane of cutting tip defined by second and third symmetry axes. EFFECT: enhanced reliability of basing cutting tip in seat of cutting tool body. 3 dwg


In the Rapid Transit age,transportation accessibility has becoming one of the most significant factors of economic development.With the development of rapid transit,such as the highway and high-speed railway,accessibility of urban area is increasing sharply.Based on GIS and the methods of cost weighted raster analysis,this paper is conducted with regional accessibility indicators like average time,urban isochronous rings and daily accessibility to compare the accessibility spatial pattern changes of the central cities in Yangtze River delta with and without highway,with and without high-speed railways.Its purpose is to explore two types of rapid transit impact on central city accessibility.The result shows as follows.Firstly,highway network is perfectin Yangtze River delta,so the influence of the highway on city accessibility is relatively balanced,shortening the time between 30%-40%.Highway Bridges connecting both sides of the Yangtze River and Hangzhou Bay can significantly shorten the travel time of both sides,where the time variable ratio is high.High-speed railway network is mainly along the megalopolis of the Yangtze River delta,so the changes of spatial distribution of the time variable ratio are unbalanced and accessibility improvement of the area along high-speed railway is apparent.The influence of the high-speed railway on the accessibility of cities which are along particularly the endpoint city like Nanjing and Ningbo,is more obvious than that of the cities like Nantong away from high-speed.Secondly,under the influence of highway,the expansion of isochronous rings is remarkable.High-speed railway makes the isochronous rings stretched along the high-speed railway.High-speed railway can better expand accessible area than railway within 1hour.However,as a hub,the stops of high-speed railway are fewer.Only by upgrading other rapid transportation to enlarge the service range of stops,can it substantially expand communication circle of one day,reduce differences in external transportation between cities and areas around cities and promote the fairness of the social and economic development in Yangtze River delta.Thirdly,highway and high-speed railway can significantly optimize the daily accessibility between cities and speed up the formation of the regional division of the Yangtze River delta.The effect of the high-speed railway is significantly greater than the highway with 1hour,but it tends to equilibrium within 3hours,which is mainly due to the regional limitations of the Yangtze River delta.Highway can shorten total time of each city to other cities by more than 15 hours averagely,high-speed railway by more than 26 hours.Therefore,high-speed railway can better improve daily accessibility between central cities than highway.Lastly,although the benefits of Nantongs accessibility from the high-speed railway is small,in the future the electrification transformation of railway from Nanjing to Nantong will be completed,the time between two cities is shortened from 4hours to less than 2hours.When all the cities open the high-speed railway,the daily accessibility of all regional center cities in Yangtze River delta will be further optimized.


Zusammenfassung Due to Multi-core CPUs, concurrent programming is increasingly important when developing responsive and scalable applications. The programming language Java provides low-level building blocks such as threads and monitors. Multiple frameworks provide higher abstractions for concurrent programming and enable alternative concurrency paradigms on the Java virtual machine. This thesis provides a survey of such frameworks and their appropriate use cases. The thesis introduces the most relevant frameworks in more detail and evaluates their use in different concurrent applications.


To realize slurry transporting steady when many diaphragm pumps transport slurry to the same pipeline,the problem of flow rate peak value overprinting must be solved.So the corner difference among the bent axes must be kept definitely.In connection with the limitations of the mechanical solution,the electric solution to diaphragm pump definite corner synchronous controlling is proposed in the article.Using the fuzzy-PID arithmetic to design the synchronous controller,the favorable synchronous control over multi-motor could be realized successfully.


With the higher and higher qualities which are required by the operators due to launching abundant services all the time, there is an urgent need that the distributed report platform which is based on the OSS system acts as an important application support. This paper aims at making a study of the application of the distributed report platform which is based on the OSS system, designing the three-tier architecture of the whole system of the distributed report platform, analyzing the modules of the whole platform system, elaborating the business process and the communication style, and deploying the application platform.


This paper proposes a first principle dynamic model of the Nuclear Steam Supply System (NSSS) for the Double-Reactor and Multi-Turbine Nuclear Power Plant (DMNPP). The main devices within the nuclear steam supply system, such as Once Through Steam Generator (OTSG), Steam Main Pipe (SMP)and Steam Turbine (ST) are modelled using the movable boundary approach and discrete approximate distributed modelling method. Dynamic behaviour analysis is then carried out on the developed model, through which, the dynamic characteristics of key variables, such as the distribution pressures in the SMP are investigated in detail. The simulation results show that when the opening degree of the ST regulating valve or the OTSG steam valve change, the fluctuations of the pressure at each point in the SMP are different. The maximum fluctuation value of the pressure is 0.12 MPa when the opening degree of the third ST regulating valve is increased by 20 % and is 0.015 MPa when the opening degree of the second OTSG steam valve is increased by 10 %. It is discovered that the steam pressure of the SMP has a self-stabilizing ability and the NSSS of the DMNPP is of highly nonlinearity and strongly coupled among multi-variables.


Purpose of study Stereotypes can adversely affect adolescent health, resulting in disorders such as anorexia nervosa, anxiety, depression, gender dysphoria, substance abuse, violence, and even suicide. To address this issue, a group of adolescent at-risk minority students at a large urban high school teamed with UCSF-Fresno paediatric residents using a 'youth as partner' approach to raise global awareness of the effects of stereotypes on youth. Methods used An anonymous Kahoot survey of 230 high school students inquired about personal beliefs and/or experiences with gender stereotypes. Following analysis of survey results, students wrote personally-relevant stereotypes on small erasable white boards. Students then placed the boards in front of their faces to protect their privacy, and pictures were taken. Pictures were then displayed during a lunchtime presentation using the theme 'How are people like M and Ms?.' This generated additional interest such that more students volunteered for pictures. Peer educators subsequently branded themselves as 'TeenWarriors4Change,' and posted the pictures on social media sites popular with adolescents and adults. Summary of results 10% of high school students surveyed self-identified as LGBT or 'other' non-traditional gender. 23% reported experiencing gender stereotypes 'daily' while 43% reported experienced gender stereotypes 'sometimes.' 71% felt pressured to conform to their gender stereotype. 48% of students felt that social media perpetuates gender stereotypes, and 33% of students felt that social media might perpetuate gender stereotypes. However, student-generated pictures revealed a much wider range of perceived stereotypes. Conclusions Student peer educators can successfully pair with paediatric residents to design and implement a community health participatory action research project to raise local and global awareness of the effects of stereotypes on adolescents. At the same time, disadvantaged minority youth were exposed to health leadership opportunities in a field in which they are often underrepresented.


Delayed ettringite formation (DEF) is a relatively rare but potentially severe form of internal sulphate attack of concrete. In the worst cases it has caused loss of serviceability of the affected concrete structure. DEF was first identified as a problem in heat-cured concrete during the 1980s and in recent years has also been found to occur in in situ concrete structures. Once established, it can cause expansion and cracking, which weaken concrete members and accelerate deterioration by other mechanisms such as reinforcement corrosion. This briefing explains how DEF occurs and how it is diagnosed and discusses how it can be prevented and managed in concrete structures.


It is not always that the subaltern cannot speak, though their authentic representation is often more pronounced in the regional literatures, rather than in Indian Writings in English. The subaltern in Premchand's story 'The Shroud' not only resists the forces of exploitation, but subverts dominant social mores and traditions to gain an advantage over the master class, forcing them to shell out money which they wouldn't have otherwise in ordinary circumstances. This glory of victory is attenuated by the realization that the subaltern in turn is also an exploiter of the woman in the family, who in life and death is used for sustaining self-interests of the males of the family. Lots of words have been spent on whether the subaltern can speak or whether his/her voice cannot be recovered without intervention from the postcolonial historian. To this I would like to add another question, can the subaltern be truly represented in the literatures in english? Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak is of the opinion that the subaltern cannot speak and the postcolonial intellectual must represent it. She locates her subaltern in sati (Hindu widow burnt on her husband's pyre) and picks up the colonial debates on widow immolation to mark the widow's conspicuous absence as subject in all the discussions and discourses surrounding the issue. This absence, according to her goes to prove that 'there is no space from where the subaltern subject can speak'. This, I fear, is presumptuous. Subalterns had existed even before the postcolonial intellectuals perceived them as subalterns and felt the necessity to represent them. Subalterns are not unique to the post-colonial period only; neither are they homogenous categories, all with similar concerns and in need of representation in equal measures. Also it will be naïve to assume that there were no instances of labour, peasant, Dalit, minority or tribal movements in the precolonial, colonial and the post-colonial periods. Or to believe that the lower and oppressed classes and castes were never in a position to resist or rebel against the forces of oppression and exploitation. Powerless though they were in bringing a meaningful change to their status, they could always negotiate the cracks of dominant discourses. And for this they did not need the historians to represent Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities (ISSN 0975–2935) Volume I, Number 2, Autumn 2009 URL of the Issue: www.rupkatha.com/journalvol1no2.php PHP URL of the article: www.rupkatha.com/premchandshortstorytheshroud.php PDF URL of the article: www.rupkatha.com/0102premchandsshortstorytheshroud.pdf © www.rupkatha.com


Breastfeeding is a culturally accepted way of feeding a baby despite the risk of HIV transmission. In the context of HIV, it is especially important to protect, promote and support exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. The aim of this study was to explore socio-cultural determinants of exclusive breastfeeding to inform interventions on prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV among HIV-positive mothers in Lusaka, Zambia. We utilised ethnographic approaches and a triangulation of focus group discussions; in-depth individual interviews, participant observations and field notes to collect data. Thirty HIV-positive mothers were followed at 6 days, 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 18 weeks after delivery. Inadequate knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding was pronounced. Predominantly, mixed feeding was practised as a cultural norm and to compensate for the delay in initiation of breastfeeding for HIV-exposed infants. Use of herbs was reported for reasons varying from medication to treat abdominal pains and protection of the baby from childhood illnesses. We conclude that breastfeeding is the customary way of feeding new-born babies; however, the recommended exclusive breastfeeding for all mothers is alien in populations driven by culture. Therefore, developing culturally ap propriate counselling tools that address known practices has potential to improve breastfeeding in the context of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.


This report provides an overview of the work of the NSF. It outlines key policy milestones, progress to date, and the major challenges and opportunities still ahead. These will call for greater leadership at all levels, from Whitehall to the front-line. More than ever before, new approaches to improving outcomes for children will call for collaboration between all those involved in setting the policy, commissioning and providing services.


Preface. About the authors. Introduction. Part 1 Controversies: Third World arms control and world system conflicts Third World arms control in a hegemonistic world Third World arms control - a Third World responsibility Third World arms control, military technology and alternative security. Part 2 Supplier control: US policy on arms transfers to the Third World Soviet arms transfer restraint the conventional arms transfers talks - an experiment in mutual arms trade restraint problems and prospects of arms transfer limitations among second-tier suppliers - the cases of France, the United Kingdom and the Federal Republic of Germany arms transfer limitations - the case of Sweden. Part 3 Recipient control: regional arms control in the South American context problems and prospects for arms control in South-East Asia Third World arms control - role of the non-aligned movement. Part 4 Integrating approaches: arms transfer control and proposals to link disarmament to development the nuclear non-proliferation regime as a model for conventional armament restraint. Assessment. Select bibliography. Index.


Abstract The temperature dependence of the structure factor of liquid mercury has been measured between -35° and 250°C by X-ray diffraction. The structure factors obtained were temperature-insensitive. The electrical resistivity was calculated using the Ziman theory and the model potential proposed by Evans, Greenwood, Lloyd and Ziman (1969). Good agreement with experiment was found.


Seasonal changes of the thyroid gland structure was examined in the catfish Clarias magur collected from Ganga River drainage in Uttar Pradesh, India. The thyroid gland of fish is in the form of a general diffused pattern of the teleostean thyroid. It showed less activity in the winter months and was found the minimum follicular cell height in the month of November to January i.e. 4.66 ± 0.38, 4.18 ± 0.62 and 4.75 ± 0.54 µm respectively. Only one peak of thyroidal activity of Clarias magur was observed in the month of August with cell height of 7.90 ± 0.22 µm.


This thesis investigates convolutional neural networks for visual recognition. Recent convolutional neural networks have demonstrated excellent performance for a variety of recognition tasks but typically require large amounts of manually annotated training data to perform well. This data is often costly to annotate and may introduce unwanted biases. In this thesis we investigate different ways how to reduce the amount and complexity of required training supervision.
In our first contribution, we propose a transfer learning approach with a convolutional neural network for object classification. We first learn mid-level features on the large ImageNet dataset during a pre-training phase, then we use the parameters to initialize another network designed for a smaller-scale task, where less training data is available. We show, first, that the image representations can be efficiently transferred to other visual recognition tasks, and second, that these representations lead to higher performance when more data is used for pre-training. We demonstratethat the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art on the Pascal VOC image classification task.
In our second contribution, we investigate weakly supervised learning for object recognition. We use the fact that for classification, convolutional neural networks tend to take decisions based on the most distinctive parts of objects. This allows us to build a network that can predict the location of objects, based on a weakly annotated dataset indicating only the presence or absence of objects but not their location in images. We demonstrate that our approach improves the state-of-theart on the Pascal VOC image classification task, performing on par with methods requiring full object-level supervision.

In our third contribution, we look at possible paths for progress in unsupervised learning with neural networks. We study the recent Generative Adversarial Networks; these architectures learn distributions of images and generate new samples, but the evaluation which learned model is better than others is difficult. We propose a twosample test method for this evaluation problem, allowing us to perform a first level of model selection. We investigate possible links between Generative Adversarial Networks and concepts related to causality, and propose a two-sample test method for the task of causal discovery, outperforming the state of the art. Finally, building on a recent connection with optimal transport, we investigate what these generative algorithms are learning from unlabeled data.


Physical exercise is essential for maintaining a healthy life, and regular health training is critical for patients with chronic diseases. Although the patient has access to a wide range of exercise prescriptions that combine aerobic, muscle-strengthening, stretching, and neuromuscular activities, exercising effectively and regularly is difficult without motivation and guidance at home. Therefore, we suggest a system design to enhance the health training education experience at home with volumetric video and wearable mixed reality. We track the cycling data on an indoor cycle trainer equipped with sensors, and then we employ IoT protocols to deliver the riding data to an application server. The server evaluates the training scenario and provides the HMD with the information for correction suggestions. The HMD, then, displays the instructions as a volumetric movie in the right place to facilitate the training. We discuss the design of volumetric video recording and replaying as well as early user responses.


The prediction of the morphology of wet-spun fibers has so far been only possible by complex and experimentally intensive approaches that include the construction of ternary phase diagrams. Ultimately, however, the available models give approximate information. Here we propose an alternative predictive approach that uses design principles based on the combination of (1) relative energy difference (RED) of Hansen solubility and (2) a kinetic parameter "T" that considers mass transfer effects. Such a model is applied and experimentally validated for a priori determination of the diameter and internal morphology of wet-spun fibers. Remarkably, only three variables relevant to wet-spinning are needed, namely, the choice of polymer, solvent, and nonsolvent types. A combination of systems is tested, and the morphology of the obtained fibers is determined via electron microscopy. Aspects related to demixing, internal specific surface area (BET), and layer formation on the fibers are described qualitatively. The ...


Social housing authorities in the UK frequently invoke a language of 'anti-social behaviour' and neighbour nuisance in dealing with disputes between tenants. But this language fails to recognise the poor environmental conditions that cause disputes between tenants in the first place. An ethnographic analysis of neighbour disputes identifies a double move from a politics of welfare to one of lawfare: just as housing providers shift the blame onto individual tenants for tenants' perceived failure to act in socially appropriate manners, so tenants end up calling for more policing and tougher neighbourhood control. This politics of lawfare not only places a moral economy of blame at its core but further undermines the possibilities of transforming environmental suffering into redistributive struggles.


© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ert.21437 The news reports are alarming. CEO turnover is at record highs while employee disengagement is on the rise. Growth and innovation are necessary to compete, but employees are burned out, tired of being tied to technology, and frustrated by lack of promotion and salary increases. Managers are working managers who are multitasking and not at their best, and their employers do not have adequate budget or time to train them. At the same time, HR professionals are trying to use their human capital data to predict and help curtail losses while maximizing growth. In this article, we describe strategies to reduce these problems with minimal cost. The suggestions come from results of several large-scale research projects that predict firm performance. In this work, we first found that a culture with a high sense of urgency was critical for firm-level success. As the sense of urgency increases, employers need to provide value to employees. When urgency and value were in balance, the data show that growth and profitability follow. With compelling research findings, business executives began to ask us how to operationalize the work. How does a company maintain a high sense of urgency and still assure employees are valued and at their best? Responding to these questions, we developed a diagnostic tool with 15 questions called the Valour Pulse to assess the levels of energy and urgency and show how these interact to either increase or decrease engagement and performance. We use the acronym VALOUR to represent the four key constructs that make up the Valour Pulse:


Introduction: Piroxicam has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity. It inhibits the formation of prostaglandins, important regulator of the immune system. The current study was conducted to assess immunomodulatory effects of piroxicam on cell mediated as well as humoral immunity in mice. Material and Method: Type 4 Delayed Hypersensitivity reaction (TDH) assay along with cyclophosphamide induced neutropenia were performed for the study of cell mediated immunity. The effect of the drug on humoral immunity was studied by the Hemagglutination Assay (HA) and mice lethality test. Mice were treated with piroxicam at a dose 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Result: The data was evaluated and analyzed via ANOVA (*P<0.05). There was significant reduction in mean skin thickness and neutrophil count in DTH assay and cyclophosphamide induced neutropenia respectively when compared to the control group. The dose dependent reduction was observed in HA assay. In mice lethality assay, the mortality ratio was higher in 10 mg/kg piroxicam treated group. Conclusion: It is concluded from present study that piroxicam may have immunosuppressant effects addition to its analgesic action and it may be clinically effective in autoimmune diseases and organ transplantation.


Over the last year the educational game described in this Journal, "Orbital Battleship: A Guessing Game To Reinforce Atomic Structure",(1) has been extensively used as a classroom activity. Valuable comments from participants, both teachers and a number of students, have motivated the following recommendations on how to introduce the game in class.


In this paper, the calculation method of numerical simulation of compressible viscous flow field is used to establish the two-dimensional subway train and tunnel model. The wind pressure change of the piston is realized when the subway train passes through the platform at different speed grades. This paper mainly analyzes the distribution law of the wind pressure in the direction of the train running, and provides the wind pressure load data for the structural design of the shield door structure, and puts forward the recommended value of the pressure of the subway shield door when the train is running at 120km/h, To prevent the wind pressure on the shield door structure damage.


Femtoscopic correlations with the particle pair combinations K 0S K 0S and K 0S K ± are studied in pp collisions at √ s = 5 . 02 and 13 TeV by the ALICE experiment. At both energies, boson source parameters are extracted for both pair combinations, by fitting models based on Gaussian size distributions of the sources, to the measured two-particle correlation functions. The interaction model used for the K 0S K 0S analysis includes quantum statistics and strong final-state interactions through the f 0 ( 980 ) and a 0 ( 980 ) resonances. The model used for the K 0S K ± analysis includes only the final-state interaction through the a 0 resonance. Source parameters extracted in the present work are compared with published values from pp collisions at √ s = 7 TeV and the different pair combinations are found to be consistent. From the observation that the strength of the K 0S K 0S correlations is significantly greater than the strength of the K 0S K ± correlations, the new results are compatible with the a 0 resonance being a tetraquark state of the form ( q 1 , q 2 , s , s ) , where q 1 and q 2 are u or d quarks. © 2022 European Organization for Nuclear Research, ALICE. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP 3 .


Since the beginning of the 21st century,every country is trying to take any opportunities to make a rapid progress.With the development of reform and "opening up",the communications between China and other countries are increasing rapidly.However,due to cultural differences,obstacles often occur in communication between China and western countries.This paper focuses on the manifestations,reasons and results of the cultural differences between China and western countries.


Despite recent attention being devoted to the integration of the Pearl River Delta (Yeung, 2003), policy initiatives of late taking the Delta as a starting point are likely to spell long-term and momentous impacts on the development of Greater South China. For the first three days in June 2004, top leaders from nine provinces led by Guangdong, namely Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian and Hainan, plus the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau in short 9+2 met under the full glare of the media and publicity in Hong Kong, Macau and Guangzhou to put their seal to a landmark agreement that has the potential of changing the socio-economic landscape of a large part of China. Potentially, it can herald the formation of other regional blocs in that country in their attempts to accelerate development and further openness in the twenty-first century. Broadly defined as that part of South China comprising the Pearl River Basin, which is drained by the river in parts of Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou, and other provinces south of the Yangzi River mostly contiguous to Guangdong, the


Abstract : Previous studies showed that coatings obtained by the condensation in vacuum of Cr vapors on the surface of Mo samples had good protective properties, but that their service life decreased considerably when they were subjected to temperature fluctuations. A study was made on the effect of temperature on internal stresses in chromium coatings on molybdenum produced in various vacuum conditions and having various strengths of adhesion of the coating to the substrate. The adhesion strength of coatings applied to the surfaces of oxidized and nonoxidized Mo were about the same and were similar to the strength of the coating. (Author)


Using the theory of communication and the science of culture,the present paper studied the performance and causes of the digital divide in traditional Chinese ethnic sports culture.It proposed the following measures:heightening our awareness and enhancing the introduction and application of digital technology in the communication of traditional Chinese ethnic sports culture, speeding up the establishment of incentive regulations and policies to guarantee the domestic development of digital products of traditional Chinese national sports culture,so as to create concitions for the development of traditional Chinese national sports culture,and promoting the degree of standardization of traditional Chinese national sports culture to overcome the language barrier in digital communication.


Abstract The aim of this article is to shed light on the process of nation-building and the formation of national identity in post-Soviet Azerbaijan. The peculiarity of Azerbaijani nation-building is that the debates on how to build a nation and define national identity were nourished by two discourses: Azerbaijanism (Azerbaycançılıq) and Turkism (Tűrkçűlűk). The article focuses firstly on the discourses on national identity and nation-building in the pre-independence period while elaborating on the roots and premises of the nationalist independence movement. Secondly, it highlights the discourses of nation-building in the post-independence period while discussing the meanings attributed to national identity and nationhood. It shows how these two discourses shaped the existing identity formation in Azerbaijan with a particular emphasis on citizenship identity, marked by multiculturalism, hospitality, tolerance, and patriotism. Yet one can still categorize the country as having an incomplete nation-building process, due the violation of territorial integrity as a result of the Karabakh conflict.


Frasera neglect, n. sp.-Plant perennial, 3-6dm high, with several slender terete glabrous stems arising from a single perpendicular tap root: leaves all opposite, thick and leather\, not at all succulent; the lowermost crowded, I 38I Scm long, 4.38. 6'll wide, interspersed with others only 5cm or less long, tapering for nearly their whole length to the base which abruptly wvidens and unites with the opposite leaf to form a short sheath; the upper merely sessile by a broad base, those of the inflorescence gradually reduced to spreading or recurved linear-lanceolate acute bracts: inflorescence an elongated interrupted thr-sus, the lover cymes on ascending peduncles 5-Iocm long, fewfloxvered, upper cymes short-peduncled or sessile and more densely flowered; pedicels vary ing from icm in length to almost obsolete: sepals 4, lanceolate, cuspidate-acurninate, 6.5mm long, the margins scarious: petals oblong, acute, 8.6-1o.Smm long, greenish-wvhite, the veins purple; petaline gland replaced by a tubular nectary, which reaches from the base of the petal nearly to the middle where it appears on the inner surface as a circular cavity with an indenture on the upper side, the orifice surrounded by a raised membrane with finely divided margin forming a fringed border: stamens 4; filaments nearly as long as the petals, tapering from the broad base to the tip; anthers oval: ovary ovate, attenuate into the slender style which is as long as the stamens.


Summary

We compute, using many-body orbital integration routines, perturbations in the Earth's orbital elements (e.g. precession frequency, obliquity) and solar insolation associated with predicted, glaciation-influenced, time-series of the precession constant H(t). The time-series are computed, in an a priori calculation, using spherically symmetric, self-gravitating, Maxwell viscoelastic earth models, gravitationally self-consistent ocean loads and two ice models constrained to yield eustatic sea-level variations that match the observed fluctuations in oxygen isostope records over the last 0.8 and 2.6 Ma. We also perform a series of orbital integrations that assume a time-independent perturbation to the precession constant, relative to the present-day value, for periods extending over the last 12 Ma. Recent analyses have suggested that the relationship between the precession constant and precession frequency may depart significantly from linearity in the event that glaciation-induced perturbations to H reduce it by more than 0.15 per cent from its present-day value. We confirm this suggestion; however, we also show that the glaciation-induced perturbations to the dynamic ellipticity of the planet must remain at this level for more than 6 Ma in order for the non-linearity, which is linked to an external forcing associated with the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn, to have a significant effect on the precession frequency. In the case of integrations extending over only the last 2.6 Ma we have parametrized our main results in terms of a simple linear scaling with the logarithm of lower-mantle viscosity (vLM). In the range 2 times 1021≤vLM≤ 1023 Pa s, and assuming the form a+b(log vLM - 21.3), the constants (a, b) for the mean relative perturbation to the precession constant, and the perturbations to the precession frequency and the frequency of the obliquity variation are (relative to the present-day values): (-0.0003, -0.86), (-0.01 ′′yr-1, -0,05′′ yr-1) and (-0.01′′ yr-1, -0.05′′ yr-1) The rate of change of the temporal shift between our prediction of the mean daily solar insolation at a high-latitude geographic site, relative to the nominal solution, maybe parametrized using the same form with (-0.1 ka Ma-1, -0.8 ka Ma-1). We also present preliminary results for the influence of 'climatic friction' on the secular trend in the obliquity over the last 2.6 Ma. We find that this rate may be as high as 0.06° Ma-1. However, plausibly small values of the lag time between insolation variations and ice-sheet growth reduce this trend significantly. As a final point, predictions of glaciation-induced perturbations to the precession constant described herein are consistent with those presented in our earlier, more limited, analyses (Mitrovica, Pan & Forte 1994; Mitrovica & Forte 1995), but they disagree with subsequent predictions by Peltier & Jiang (1994) and Jiang & Peltier (1996). We show that the latter set of predictions (and the conclusions based upon them) are in error.


The design method of automatic analysis software for reliability and maintainability of electric products of torpedo are presented,The software's details of the needs,totality imagine,functional demands,and the method of software's data base has been described.The frames of developing automatic analysis software and electric cells base upon the designer usually used software-protel has been given.


Many field studies have demonstrated that prolonged chemical-soil contact times(aging) may lead to unexpected persistence of these compounds in the environment.This study used earthworms(Eisenia foetida) to assay pyrene bioavailability in the experiment level.Earthworm-soil accumulation factor(ESAF) was used as the prediction of the bioavailability of pollutants to earthworms.Utilizing ESAF,the effects of aging(increasing the contact time between pollutants and soil aggregates) on the bioavailability of pyrene to earthworms in soils were investigated.The results showed that the ESAF value for pyrene aged for 0 day was in the range of 0.052~0.452,and the ESAF value for pyrene aged for 10 and 120 days decreased to 0.036~0.367 and 0.029~0.126,respectively,which suggested that more and more pyrene molecules could had entered into inaccessible domain to earthworms,and then these molecules had no bioavailability for earthworm.Moreover,the effects of aging on bioavailability of pyrene mostly occurred in period of former 10 days.From then on,the effects of aging became gradually weaker.


The semi-coke based sorbent was prepared by a cheap semi-coke material activated through nitric acid oxidation and high temperature heat treatment before it was modified by some additives. The desulfurization and denitrification abilities of the sorbent were investigated. The results showed that the sorbent has good SO2 or NO capture ability when using NO-O2-N2 or SO2-O2-N2 as simulated flue gas, respectively. The sorbent exhibited increased desulfurization activity using SO2-NO-O2-N2 simulated flue gas, while its denitrification activity dropped rapidly. The additives modification would have different influence on the sorbent's flue gas cleaning performance.


RIGO, Michelle Machado. University Federal of Espírito Santo, August 2011. Mineral Composition and Forage Yield Fertirrigated with treated domestic sewage. Advisor: D.Sc. Giovanni de Oliveira Garcia. Co-advisors: D.Sc. Edvaldo Fialho dos Reis e D.Sc. Roberto Avelino Cecílio. The water reused in agriculture has been an important factor for the management of water resource, contributing with the reduction of environmental problems. Studies with a fertigation technique has lately increase, due to factors like the potential use of effluent as a fertilizer; a great volume of water utilized in irrigation and the need to increase food production utilizing natural resources in a sustainable and efficient way. In view of this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and mineral composition of two forage species in response to the application of domestic sewage treated by fertigation. The experiment was conducted in vases inside a greenhouse, mounted on split-plot 2x5, in the plots were Brachiaria brizantha and Tifton 85 bermudagrass and subplots with four doses of treated domestic sewage (20 kg ha-1, 40 kg ha-1, 60 kg ha-1, 80 kg ha-1) and the control of mineral fertilization, in a completely randomized design with five replicates. After twenty-five days the application of doses of effluent, it was determined the mass of natural forage and later on the dry mass. Later, the dried material was crushed and submitted to digestion to determine the crude protein and leaf content of macro and micronutrients. The results obtained showed that the application of domestic sewage proportioned growth of forage similar to mineral fertilizer. Brachiaria had higher forage yield, although the Tifton 85 have obtained higher levels of nutrient uptake, reflecting it`s morphological characteristics. Fertigation with doses of effluent was generally equivalent to the mineral fertilizer, noting that the doses corresponding 40 kg ha-1 with sewage, presented equally to the mineral fertilizer used.


It is shown how the rotational and vibrational relaxation rates of molecules, the latter of which limits the efficiency of optically pumped far-infrared lasers, can be measured by infrared-far-infrared double resonance spectroscopy. By measuring the gain line profile and amplitude as a function of the pressures of the laser gas and of additional different buffer gases present in the gain cell, the rate of molecular deexcitation processes can be determined. The results of the measurement of the pressure-broadening coefficients of the methanol 118.8 mu m wavelength line caused by collisions with methanol, SF/sub 6/, and He are presented. >


Substantial research has been conducted to advance structural control as a means of mitigating the dynamic response of civil structures. Recently, the structural engineering field has begun exploring low-cost wireless sensors for structural monitoring applications. Wireless sensors can be employed to reduce the labor and costs associated with installing extensive lengths of coaxial wires in today's structural control systems. In this study, the wireless sensors are designed to perform four major tasks in a control system: (a) collect real-time structural response data; (b) wirelessly transmit or receive response data; (c) process data and compute control decisions; and (d) apply control signals to structural actuators. The demands of the control system to respond in real-time pose as a challenge for wireless sensing and control, due to communication delays between wireless sensors and possible data loss. This paper investigates the feasibility of employing decentralized and partially decentralized control strategies to reduce communication latencies associated with wireless sensor networks. Control algorithms are embedded in a wireless sensor prototype designed for use in a structural control system. Both numerical simulation and experimental results show that decentralized wireless control is viable for future structural control systems, especially wireless ones.


A novel human leukocyte antigen-A allele, officially named HLA-A*0131N allele, was found in a potential Chinese bone marrow donor when direct sequence-based typing was carried out. The novel A*0131N is identical to A*01010101 with an exception of one base substitution at position 178 (G>A) of exon 2 resulting in codon #60 changed from TGG (Trp) to TAG (stop codon).


Future galaxy surveys will measure baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs) with high significance, and a complete understanding of the anisotropies of BAOs in redshift space will be important to exploit the cosmological information in BAOs. Here we describe the anisotropies that arise in the redshift-space galaxy two-point correlation function (2PCF) and elucidate the origin of features that arise in the dependence of the BAOs on the angle between the orientation of the galaxy pair and the line of sight. We do so with a derivation of the configuration-space 2PCF using streaming model. We find that, contrary to common belief, the locations of BAO peaks in the redshift-space 2PCF are anisotropic even in the linear theory. Anisotropies in BAO depend strongly on the method of extracting the peak, showing maximum 3 % angular variation. We also find that extracting the BAO peak of $r^2\xi(r,\mu)$ significantly reduces the anisotropy to sub-percent level angular variation. When subtracting the tilt due to the broadband behavior of the 2PCF, the BAO bump is enhanced along the line of sight because of local infall velocities toward the BAO bump. Precise measurement of the angular dependence of the redshift-space 2PCF will allow new geometrical tests of dark energy beyond the BAO.


It is a very time-consuming task to assign a bug report to the most suitable fixer in large open source software projects. Therefore, it is very necessary to propose an effective recommendation method for bug fixer. Most research in this area translate it into a text classification problem and use machine learning or information retrieval methods to recommend the bug fixer. These methods are complex and overdependent on the fixers' prior bug-fixing activities. In this paper, we propose a more effective bug fixer recommendation method which uses the community Q & A platforms (such as Stack Overflow) to measure the fixers' expertise and uses the fixed bugs to measure the time-aware of fixers' fixed work. The experimental results show that the proposed method is more accurate than most of current restoration methods.


Parties are expected to be cooperative such that some tasks, e.g. Two-party computation in social cloud, become much easier. It is well known that reputation is an important property to promote cooperation among parties in game theory. Therefore, we consider the effect of reputation when parties interact in social cloud to find a new way realizing mutual cooperation. More specifically, parities in the social cloud are rational who value their reputation. Cooperation can boost their reputation, so they have incentives to cooperate with others such that they may get a higher utility. The basic idea of this paper is to add reputation deriving from social cloudas part of the utility. That is, we describe the architecture and interaction between two rational parties in the social cloud, where two parties receive their opponent's trust or reputation from the social cloud. The computation of trust and reputation is finished in the social cloud. Finally, we prove that given proper parameters in rational secure two-party computation (rational STPC), it is possible to complete the computation in just one round in the second stage of the protocol.


Humans are more than ever disconnected from their food. The gap between consumers, food and producers is growing. As a result, customers rarely ever express their gratitude to producers. The food industry appears to have lost some of its fundamental values. This paper aims at providing a better understanding of the distances that separates consumers, their food, and producers. Most importantly, it will allow for moving beyond harmful practices that are currently pervasive in the food industry. We explore the possibility of recreating meaningful and deep connections between the different actors and food.


The invention concerns a method and device for the automatic loading of e.g. commissioned goods (14) in the form of articles into or onto individual transport containers such as cardboard boxes (11) or pallets. The goods (14), all or some of which may be commissioned, are conveyed to at least one pre-defined loading point (16) past which the transport containers continuously move. The goods (14) are placed in or on the appropriate transport container (cardboard box (11)) at the loading point (16). The supplying and loading of the goods (14) and the movement of the transport containers (11) are controlled in timely, i.e. synchronized, fashion by a control unit (6).


For a soluble finite group G and a prime p we let up(G) =maxH◃◃G{j:pj⊤|H : H G|}, u(G) =maxp∈π(G)up(G). We obtain upper bounds for the rank, the nilpotent length, the derived length, and the p-length of a finite soluble group G in terms of up(G) and u(G).


Wave packets for the Quantum Non-Linear Oscillator are considered in the Generalized Coherent State framerwork. To first order in the non-linearity parameter the Coherent State behaves very similarly to its classical counterpart. The position expectation value oscillates in a simple harmonic manner. The energy-momentum uncertainty relation is time independent as in a harmonic oscillator. Various features, (such as the Squeezed State nature), of the Coherent State have been discussed. In this paper we apply a recently developed scheme [1] of constructing Generalized Coherent States (GCS) [2],[3] to a widely studied model: Quantum Non-linear Harmonic Oscillator (QNHO) [4], with interesting consequences. Its classical analysis reveals periodic solutions. One can exploit its shape invariance property to generate exactly the energy spectrum and eigen-functions [5]. It has also been analyzed as a Harmonic Oscillator (HO) with position dependent mass [6]. In certain limits similar models have appeared [7] in oscillator models compatible with a non-commutative κ-Minkowski spacetime. Quite interestingy, it was shown that although the coordinate undergoes a "simple" harmonic motion, actually the full Hamiltonian operator appears in the equation of motion in place of the frequency that appears in conventional harmonic oscillator. 1 Our scheme is computationally very simple. It is perturbative in nature. We restrict ourselves to O(λ) results where for λ = 0 the Non-linear HO reduces to simple HO. We will exploit the factorization property [5] to derive a Darboux-like transformation to rewrite the QNHO in terms of canonical creation-annihilation operators in a HO Fock basis. We will explicitly demonstrate that the GCS behave in a very interesting manner and the classical behaviour is qualitatively preserved. At various stages we will compare and contrast features of QNHO with the GCS [1] constructed for Non-Commutative HO compatible with the Generalized Uncertainty Principle [8] I. 1-D Quantum Non-linear Harmonic Oscillator: The one-dimensional Lagrangean model of the QNHO is [4, 5, 6] L = 1 2 ( 1 1 + λx2 )(ẋ − αx). (1) For λ = 0 we get back HO. With p = (∂L)/(∂ẋ) = ẋ/(1 + λx) one obtains the Hamiltonian H = pẋ− L = 1 2 ((1 + λx)p + αx 1 + λx2 ). (2) It has been shown [5] that the quantum Hamiltonian operator corresponding to (2) admits a factorization H ′ = H − β/2 , H ′ = AA where, A = 1 √ 2 (i √ 1− λx2p+ β √ 1− λx2 x), A = 1 √ 2 (−i √ 1− λx2p+ β √ 1− λx2 x) (3) provided α = β(β + λ). (4) The energy eigenvalues are, < n | AA | n >= βn− λ 2 n, (5)


For each eJournal publication, the Faculty Advisory Board will select a student of the Security Studies disciplines who represents excellence in academic performance and demonstrates outstanding leadership, community service, and benevolence. For the inaugural publication, this student spotlight features the accomplishments of Ashley Tanner.


With the development of information technology and mobile technology,mobile learning has become a research hotspot in the field of educational technology.According to a questionnaire survey,this paper finds that graduate group is not new to mobile learning,and has higher expectations on it;while the cost,content and interactive mode are the main factors of restricting the popularizing the mobile learning.Using classroom to promote mobile learning,adjusting the cost of mobile learning resource reasonably and developing the rich and practical mobile learning software are the trends of mobile learning