11583 Background: This was a randomized control trial to estimate the effect of an interventional video on improving palliative care knowledge and acceptability of outpatient services in gynecologic oncology patients. Methods: Women receiving active treatment for gynecologic malignancy (persistent or progressive disease despite primary treatment) were recruited at an academic tertiary care center from 2/2018 to 1/2019 and randomized to: palliative care educational video or non-directive cancer center informational video (control). The primary outcome was desire for referral to palliative care. Function and knowledge were assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT-G) and the Palliative Care Knowledge Scales. Data analyses were performed using t-tests, Wilcoxon rank sum or Fisher's exact tests with significance level of α=0.05. Results: 111 women were enrolled. Demographic characteristics were equally distributed between groups (mean age 63.4 vs 65.4 years; 78% vs 82% Caucasian, 58% vs 68% stage III, 71% vs 64% ovarian cancer, 65% vs 72% platinum-sensitive). There was no statistical difference in knowledge scores or in desire for referral to palliative care (29% vs 27%; p=0.79). Secondary analysis showed a statistically significant increase in utilization of palliative care services compared to historic institutional data (8.8% to 29.7%; p=<0.001). Further, those that desired referral had significantly worse FACT-G scores at time of referral choice (table). Conclusions: Use of a palliative care educational video did not increase knowledge or acceptability of palliative care services within this RCT. However, the rate of patients seeking palliative care referral tripled compared to historic rates. Further studies should investigate whether discussion regarding palliative care services alone may increase desire for referral, and if use of Fact-G scores may identify patients in greatest need of services. [Table: see text]


Infraorbital foramen (IOF) located bilaterally within the maxillary bone about 1 cm inferior to the infraorbital margin is a vital landmark when delivering local anesthesia and during surgical interventions in the midface region. A total of 122 infraorbital foramina in 61 cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images of 32 females and 29 males in the age range of 17 to 3 2 were analyzed to determine the shape, direction, presence of accessory foramina, size and the precise position of IOF in relati on to the inferior orbital margin (IOM), maxillary midline (MM), lateral nasal wall (LNW), alveolus (ALV) and maxillary teeth in a group of Sri Lankan people. The IOF was oval in shape (80.3 % and 88.5 % on the right and left side, respectively) in a majority of individu als. The infraorbital foramina were located at a mean distance of 5.56 ± 3.95 and 4.91 ± 2.08 mm, below the IOM on the right and left side, 27.13 ± 2.6 and 26.99 ± 2.73 on the right and left side from the mid maxillary line, 11.96 ± 3.45 mm and 12.18 ± 3.35 from the LNW on the right and left side and 29.59 ± 3.59 and 29.65 ± 3.28 above the alveolar crest on the right and left side. There were no statistically significant differences between the left and right sides or between sexes. Majority of IOF (37.5 % and 55.9 % on the right and left side, respectively) were located in the vertical plane passing though the maxillary second premolar tooth.


Moscovici's social representations theory and Lotman's semiosphere. The paper classifies the production of meaning in journalistic reports as reproduction (the "sedimentation" of stereotypes), questioning (the "erosion" of presupposition) denial ("earthquakes" in the basis of the semiosphere) or creation (the "eruption" of new ideas) of social representations.


A kind of hydrolysis D90 desalted whey powder and preparation method thereof, including D90 desalted whey liquid, protease preparation, acidity regulator, the preparation of D90 desalted whey liquid, after being dissolved in water by sweet whey powder, desalinating process processes and removes mineral and prepare D90 desalted whey liquid, D90 desalted whey liquid entrance tank is carried out ramp cycle heating, feed liquid after being heated up by D90 desalted whey liquid circulating-heating adjusts pH desired value by adding potassium hydroxide, D90 desalted whey liquid adds trypsin and neutral protease, enzymolysis will be stirred under D90 desalted whey liquid circulating-heating heat-retaining condition, the feed liquid circulation temperature lowering that D90 desalted whey liquid reaches to hydrolyze terminal presses down enzyme, concentration evaporator is used to sterilize, enzyme denaturing, concentrate, spray drying tower is used to be spray-dried, prepare dry powdered product.This invention improves the nutritive value of desalted whey powder further, reduces protein allergy impact, improves nutrient protein absorption efficiency, be applied in food nutrition technical field.


PURPOSE: To provide a method and a device which separate a foreground section from a background of a photographic image and acquire a depth information element to perform a special effect. CONSTITUTION: An optical device 10 outputs a 1st optical signal 1 based on a translucent area to an entire frequency of input light and a 2nd optical signal that is acquired by making an optical frequency that belongs to a narrow frequency band Δf which is centered on a central frequency fc selectively transmitted. This is acquired in depth of field that is reduced more than a 1st image, and therefore, it includes a clear foreground area and an opaque background area. A signal 1 that constitutes a main signal is undergone standard signal processing and used for image restructuring. One is acquired from the 1st optical signal by a sensor 15 and is at least more than one a primary electric signal and the other is sent to a calculating device 16 from the sensor 15. A depth signal 3 is acquired as difference of these two high frequency signals. The signal is passed through a reshaping and phasing device before it is used.


Protein structure prediction is a long-standing unsolved problem in molecular biology that has seen renewed interest with the recent success of deep learning with AlphaFold at CASP13. While developing and evaluating protein structure prediction methods, researchers may want to identify the most similar known structures to their predicted structures. These predicted structures often have low sequence and structure similarity to known structures. We show how RUPEE, a purely geometric protein structure search, is able to identify the structures most similar to structure predictions, regardless of how they vary from known structures, something existing protein structure searches struggle with. RUPEE accomplishes this through the use of a novel linear encoding of protein structures as a sequence of residue descriptors. Using a fast Needleman-Wunsch algorithm, RUPEE is able to perform alignments on the sequences of residue descriptors for every available structure. This is followed by a series of increasingly accurate structure alignments from TM-align alignments initialized with the Needleman-Wunsch residue descriptor alignments to standard TM-align alignments of the final results. By using alignment normalization effectively at each stage, RUPEE also can execute containment searches in addition to full-length searches to identify structural motifs within proteins. We compare the results of RUPEE to mTM-align, SSM, CATHEDRAL and VAST using a benchmark derived from the protein structure predictions submitted to CASP13. RUPEE identifies better alignments on average with respect to RMSD and TM-score as well as Q-score and SSAP-score, scores specific to SSM and CATHEDRAL, respectively. Finally, we show a sample of the top-scoring alignments that RUPEE identified that none of the other protein structure searches we compared to were able to identify. The RUPEE protein structure search is available at https://ayoubresearch.com. Code and data are available at https://github.com/rayoub/rupee.


Mao Zedong discussed our country's education project at new democracy revolution and socialism construction period .He made a lot of useful attempts at how to improve people's quality and formed his own mind step by step. His mind has three distinct characteristics: first is all-side,it demands the people to develop not only in body, but also in moral and wisdom; second is practice, it means education must combine with production; third is development,it means education should active.This thesis states these characteristics in turn.


Our country has a long history and is a multi-ethnic country, so our national art is rich and colorful. The national art of our country includes not only Chinese characters and literature and calligraphy art formed by relying on Chinese characters, but also folk music, dance, painting, sculpture, paper-cut, shadow, embroidery, dyeing and weaving, paste art and so on. In these national art, there are many separate art categories, which are combined into new art forms in the historical development. Due to the continuous progress of society and the continuous development of computer digital media technology, the popularity of smart phones, Weibo, WeChat has become an indispensable communication platform in life, minority art activities have been paid more and more attention. Because of its own unique cultural identity, in the process of cultural transmission, it is necessary to set up a corresponding stage through other intermediaries in order to achieve better communication, which is also very helpful to the inheritance of minority art. The main media of minority art is television. Television can use its media resources to attract groups interested in minority art and expand the size of this group, thus expanding the ways and means of inheriting minority art. It plays a very important role in promoting the continuous progress of minority culture and enriching the types of culture and art in China. The use of modern media to spread minority art, the key needs the state and government to attach importance to national culture, the use of government power to attract the attention of the whole people. National development should not only develop economy, but also develop culture and build spiritual civilization. National culture is the foundation of spiritual civilization, and the development of national culture is the foundation of strong national strength and the main means to improve national confidence. Only by combining the construction of spiritual civilization with the purification of the network and the promotion of national culture, and realizing the integration of modern media and the dissemination of national culture and art, can the quality of the whole people be improved in essence.


Feature-oriented software development has been considered as a reasonable way to address the ever increasing need of handling variability in software systems. However, we still lack to understand the influence of the use of different ways to implement variability on program comprehension and consequently on the effort they demand from developers, so they could successfully accomplish the assigned maintenance tasks. This paper addresses it presenting a qualitative study carried out as an focus group aimed at identify factors influencing program comprehension. The findings of our study were grouped into four groups, including the followed strategies to understand feature-oriented software, the factors hindering and easing such understanding, as well as general observations on the effort demanded to maintain software either using C onditional C ompilation or F eature H ouse .


PURPOSE: To perform the individually different measurements of the total hemoglobin content by processing blood sample by haemolysis reagent containing the ionic detergent having the pH in a specified range, and measuring hemoglobin derivative immunologically in the blood sample in the haemolysis state. CONSTITUTION: As ionic detergent, the detergent having the properties of anion, cation and amphoteric ion is used. The haemolysis reagent containing the detergent fuses red blood ocrpuscles and converts hemoglobin into the specified hemoglobin coloring group. Then, the quantity, which is sufficient to discharge the epitope of the hemoglobin derivative is added to the blood sample. As the pH of the reagent, about 5.0-9.5 is recommendable. For setting the value, normal buffer is used. In the preparation of the sample, dilution is performed by reaction buffer at the ratio of 10-1/100 after incubation is performed for about 2 minitues at room temperature. Thereafter, the absorbance is measured at the wavelength of 400-650nm. In the wet test, the absorbance is measured in a cuvette. In the dry test, the aborbance can be measured by the reflecting light measuring method after the obtained mixture is applied on a test carrier. COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO


Huta Gabe Aeksorseang studio is a traditional art studio that helped preserve traditional culture, especially the Batak Toba. The presence of this art studio has stimulated creative economy activities within the region. The problems currently being faced by the Huta Gabe Aeksorseang studio have not been made optimal yet. Products that had been sold nationally but had not well known to many other Indonesian consumers due to there is no product brand. The daily activities of this art gallery cultivate traditional music. This community services is carried out with a focus on solving partner problems by providing appropriate science and technology for the local community, especially for the management of the Studio. The method of making traditional musical instruments is still not optimal so that the resulting sound quality is not correctly produced. Science and technology has been given to partners related to production and marketing techniques that have been carried out. We also provided online marketing strategies to assist the online marketing activities of the Huta Gabe Aeksorseang studio. Technical equipment is also provided to help partners improve product quality and product competitiveness with lower production costs. Heavy equipment such as welding machines in the area makes production costs high. With the help of the equipment provided, partners will be more efficient in production, thereby increasing partner competitiveness.


The city-circling water system in Hefei City is landscape water body supplemented only by reclaimed water. The representative river, Yinhe River in the city-circling water system was chosen, and the vertical distribution and variation rule of phosphorus, nitrogen, DO and pH in it were investigated. The results show that the concentrations of TP, NH3-N and PO3-4-P increase gradually with the depth increasing, while pH and DO decrease. The pH value and DO can indirectly reflect the growth and density of the algae, and may be used as an alarm signal of water bloom.


Purpose

This study aims to examine the effect of organizational justice (OJ) delivery on organizational commitment (OC) while controlling variables that potentially confound this effect. These confound variable includes gender, education and tenure.

Design/methodology/approach

A causal quantitative field research and a cross-sectional research approach are used. A structured questionnaire is used to collect data from 463 randomly sampled employees of 13 commercial banks in Koforidua, Ghana. Structural equation modelling is used to analyze the data.

Findings

The study establishes that a statistically significant effect is made by OJ delivery on OC (p < 0.0001), even after controlling for the effects of gender, education and tenure. The model used also fits the data collected considerably (i.e. χ2 = 0.258; p-value = 0.611). Thus, the relationship between OJ and OC is not confounded by how long the employee has served on the job or by the highest educational level of employees. However, this relationship was significantly confounded by gender on the basis of sharing significant covariance with them.

Originality/value

Even though studies exist generally on OJ and OC, the focus on Ghana and banks in particular have been skeletal and have ended in testing just the relationship without highlighting the role of confounding variables as done in this study. Apart from adding to extant literature, findings will also inform decision-making on strategies and policies to improve OJ and ultimately the employee commitment that comes with.


Operating the LHC with stored beam energies up to 140 MJ (40% of nominal value) in 2012 was only possible due to the experience with and confidence into the machine protection systems gained in the 2 previous running periods 2010 and 2011, where the stored beam intensity was slowly increased. In this paper the performance of the machine protection system during 2012 will be briefly discussed and compared to the previous running periods. Issues, which appeared during the operation of the MP systems during 2012 are reviewed. Special attention will be given to MPS issues, which risked compromising the protection of the LHC and, therefore, lead to a stop or delay of the standard operation of the LHC. The immediate actions taken as well as the midand long-term mitigations in these cases will be discussed. The efficiency of machine protection procedures during intensity increase, intensity cruise and the preparation of machine development periods will be reviewed. Finally improvements of the MP systems and procedures for operation after LS1 are proposed.


This paper scrutinizes some peculiarities of the culture of Internet argumentation: it is a qualitative pragma-dialectical study of different strategies arguers employ to question or attack argumentation of their opponents in online political discussion forums. The basic assumption of the paper is that this particular context of argumentation—or: argumentative activity type—creates special opportunities and constraints for critical reactions regarding propositional content and relevance of argumentation. These opportunities and constraints, it is argued, may lead online discussions to being endless, yet not necessarily fruitless from an argumentative perspective.


Central cyclic part of the hinge peptide (a parallel dimer of the pentapeptide Boc-Cys-Pro-Pro-Cys-Pro-NHCH 3 with two disulfide bonds) derived from the sequence of human IgG1 is a rather rigid structure having predominantly polyproline II helical conformation as shown by vibrational circular dichroism spectra. It exhibits significant Raman optical activity (ROA) signal due to vibrations associated with the disulfide bridges. We report positive ROA for the S-S stretching vibration at 510 cm - 1 and for the C-S stretching vibration at 655 cm - 1 . These signals can provide means to assess the conformation of disulfide bridges in proteins, otherwise difficult to investigate.


The idea of the project was to find a conceptual design of a multi-functional smart orthosis for wrist fixation. The application of additive technologies presents the potential in designing a customised orthosis for every patient individually. By using pre-generated 3d models of various hand shapes it is possible to prepare models for several shapes and sizes of forearms and hands. The conceptual design provides a possible solution for a two-part orthosis bound around the forearm and a modular extension to stabilize the wrist without additional compression. The multi-functionality occurs with the development of a small pre-defined electronic plate located in the bottom part of the orthosis. The temperature and heart rate are constantly monitored and displayed wirelessly on a smartphone. The target group are the patients active in sports or patients with minor injuries. Moreover, the orthosis can be used for body temperature and heart function monitoring during recovery period.


Requirements for the quality of finished products is continuously increasing. It adducts to improve existing and develop of new schemes roll design. This paper contains the analysis of technological schemes for rolling channels, which are used in the CIS countries. Were described different ways of rolling channels and design features roughing and finishing passes. The authors were compared schemes of UPN-shaped profiles' rolling on different Iron and Steel Works. The article describes methods for improving the roll design, proposed and implemented by domestic developers. These methods are based on the gained experiences of flange profiles' rolling and developments of the modern world. It makes possible to reduce manufacturing costs and improve product quality of the channels.


We examined the kinetics of Gαs and Gαi regulation of human type V and type VI adenylyl cyclase (AC V and AC VI) in order to better model interactions between AC and its regulators. Activation of AC VI by Gαs displayed classical Michaelis-Menten kinetics, whereas AC V activation by Gαs was cooperative with a Hill coefficient of 1.4. The basal activity of human AC V, but not that of AC VI, was inhibited by Gαi. Both enzymes showed greater inhibition by Gαi at low Gαs concentrations; however, human AC V was activated by Gαi at high Gαs concentrations. Neither regulator had an effect on the Km for Mg-ATP. Mutations made within the Gαs binding pocket of AC V (N1090D) and VI (F1078S) displayed 6- and 14-fold greater EC50 values for Gαs activation but had no effect on Gαi inhibition of basal activity or Km for Mg-ATP. Gαs-stimulated AC VI-F1078S was not significantly inhibited by Gαi, despite normal inhibition by Gαi upon forskolin stimulation. Mechanistic models for Gαs and Gαi regulation of AC V and VI were derived to describe these results. Our models are consistent with previous studies, predicting a decrease in affinity of Gαi in the presence of Gαs. For AC VI, Gαs is required for inhibition but not binding by Gαi. For AC V, binding of two molecules of Gαs and Gαi to an AC dimer are required to fully describe the data. These models highlight the differences between AC V and VI and the complex interactions with two important regulators.


Many HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) positive women are of fertile age. The efficiency of antiret roviral treatment determined an increase in HIV positive pregnant women's prevalence. Objectives We evaluated HIV positive pregnant women under HAART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy), trying to determine if the congenital anomaly rate is higher than in normal pregnant population, due to the antire troviral treatment. Also, we have tried to determine if prenatal screening for fetal anomalies and Doppler ev aluation of uterine arteries are influenced by the HIV infection or/and by antiretroviral treatment, HIV pregnancies often being complicated with IUGR (Intrauterine Growth Restriction) or SGA (Small for Ge stational Age). Methods Our prospective study extended between January 2013 and December 2017. We have evaluated 40 HIV positive pregnant women under HAART therapy. Ultrasound examinations were performed monthly in the first two trimesters and on two weeks interval until birth (first and second trimester screening for fetal anom alies and at least 3 ultrasound examinations after 24 weeks of gestation were compulsory for the admission in this study). Results We identified only one case with fetal anomalies, a patient with high risk of Down syndrome determined in first trimester screening for aneuploidy. If there were no complications the pregnancies were terminated by C-section at 38 weeks of gestation. 80% of the births were at term, 20% of the patients had premature la bor. From those that gave birth at 38 weeks of gestation, 20% had newborns that weighted over 3000 g, 60 % under 3000 g. We mention one case where the pregnancy had to be evacuated prematurely due to matern al conditions (cerebral tumor). Conclusions Our study didn't reveal any association between antiretroviral treatment and fetal anomalies. Uterine arter y Doppler evaluation was useful in determining the cases with high risk of developing IUGR, known to ha ve a high incidence in HIV positive pregnancies. We have noticed a higher percentage of premature births in patients with fewer ultrasound and obstetrical examinations. Table of


An experiment was conducted in Malang, East Java-Indonesia to evaluate the effect of using cassava meal in the diet at levels of 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 % on feed intake, fiber digestibility and profit margin in crossbreed Limousin bulls. In this trial, thirty crossbred Limousin bulls were allocated to a completely randomized block design with 6 blocks based on initial body weight and 5 treatments based on cassava meal level in the diet. The result of this research shows that the level of cassava meal significantly affected (P<0.05) on nutrient intake, fiber digestibility and body condition score (BCS). Treatment with 40% cassava meal had the highest nutrient intake, fiber digestibility and profit margin. The treatment with 70% cassava meal level had the lowest nutrient intake, fiber digestibility and BCS. It was concluded that a high level (>40%) of cassava meal in the diet reduced nutrient intake, fiber digestibilty and causing low BCS.


Epithelial cells cultured from prostatic acini do not demonstrate significant (P > 0.05) growth response to the testosterone metabolite dihydrotestosterone (DHT) at concentrations of 0.001–10.0 nM. In addition, the nonsteroidal antiandrogen hydroxyflutamide (HO‐F) does not influence primary epithelial cell proliferation in this concentration range.


Procurement has been identified as the link between a desire by the client for a construction project and the delivery of value products to agreed standards. Thus, it is an arrang ement which define contractual processes, funding p atterns, risk allocation, work structure and relationship amongst parties on a project. There is sufficient evidence in literatu e that procurement of public works in developing nations has failed to de liver necessary infrastructure required for economi c development of these nations. Particularly in Nigeria, much resources ha ve been committed to the delivery of infrastructure p ojects but limited benefits have been obtained. This research entails an exploratory qualitative study into the challenge s of construction procurement in Nigeria. The study uses an interview of construction industry professionals who were pu rposively sampled to identify factors mitigating effective construction procurement. Findings from the study show that impr ope implementation of legislative framework, funding, corruption, host ile operating environment, inadequate knowledge of practitioners of procurement methods and unstable economic environme nt ar factors affecting public procurement in Nige ria. The study concludes that for construction procurement to meet the need of delivering necessary infrastructure fo c nomic development in a nation like Nigeria, intrinsic issues within t he national environment have to be handled by relev ant stakeholders.


This paper reports results of experiments in which mirror-confined plasmas with radii as high as 7 ion gyro-radii are produced and maintained by neutral-beam injection. In these plasmas, betas as high as 0.45 were achieved and limited only by the available neutral-beam power. Electron temperature and ion-energy confinement increased with larger plasma size.


Introduction: The Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family plays an important role in the regulation of transcription, apoptosis and DNA damage response. Several PARP inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of BRCA-mutated ovarian, breast and pancreatic cancer. Through 'synthetic lethality', the applicability PARP inhibitors can be expanded to cancers beyond the well-defined BRCA defects either as monotherapy or in combination with established therapy across various solid tumor types. Herein, we describe the efficacy of RP12146 as a single agent and in combination with approved therapies in preclinical models of solid tumors.
 Methods: Enzymatic potency was evaluated using a PARP Chemiluminescent Activity Assay Kit (BPS biosciences). Cell growth was determined following incubation with RP12146 as a single agent or in combination with approved agents in various solid tumor cell lines. Apoptosis was evaluated following incubation of cell lines with compound for 48 or 72 h, subsequent staining with Annexin-V-PE and 7-AAD, and analysis by flow cytometry. Anti-tumor potential of RP12146 as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents was tested in OVCAR-3 and NCI-H69 Xenografts. Expression of downstream PAR, PARP-trapping, and cleaved PARP expression were determined in cell lines and xenograft tumor samples by Western blotting. Plasma and tumor concentration of RP12146 in NCI-H69 xenograft samples were also determined.
 Results: RP12146 demonstrated equipotent inhibition of PARP1 (0.6 nM) and PARP2 (0.5 nM) with several fold selectivity over the other members of the PARP family. Compound caused a dose-dependent growth inhibition of both BRCA mutant and non-mutant cancer cell lines with GI50 in the range of 0.04 µM to 9.6 µM. Combination of RP12146 with Temozolomide, Topotecan, Lurbinectedin, and Abemaciclib demonstrated either additive or synergistic effects manifested by an inhibition in growth of solid tumor cell lines. RP12146 exhibited anti-tumor potential with TGI of 28% and 21.8% as a single agent in OVCAR-3 and NCI-H69 Xenograft model respectively. In NCI-H69 xenograft model, RP12146 in combination with cisplatin exhibited TGI of 69.3 %.
 Conclusion: Data demonstrate the therapeutic potential of RP12146 as single agent and in combination in solid tumors. RP12146 is currently being evaluated in Phase 1 clinical trials in patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors (NCT05002868).
 Citation Format: Srikant Viswanadha, Satyanarayana Eleswarapu, Kondababu Rasamsetti, Haritha Polimati, Sridhar Veeraraghavan, Swaroop Vakkalanka. Activity of RP12146, a novel, selective, and potent small molecule inhibitor of PARP 1/2, in solid tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5493.


allows me insights into his magpie mind, binding together his own experience of witnessing an accident while on the way to a wedding party with Brecht's poem "On Everyday Theatre" and the core position and responsibility of a street accident witness within this. At other times, his wandering brings him to a bluish light, like a will-o'-the-wisp, and I am invited to come upon the site of Goebbels' book burning, now a lit window into a subterranean library room with empty shelves, sending out its light into Berlin, attracting people like moths. But in order to get to these wonderful moments in Whybrow's writing, I have to wade through other material – it's so many people writing about de Certeau, Derrida or Lefebvre, Brecht and Benjamin, Lyotard or Lacan. These critics, rather than the people they are talking about, are often quoted in quarter sentences, rarely enlarged upon or actually introduced. Engagement is precarious here: I am thirsty for more sustaining encounters. Clearly, a book of 230 pages cannot begin to make reference to all the Brecht, Benjamin, modernity, space, urban issues, architecture, or performance research that is out there. I wish Whybrow had cut himself some slack and allowed himself just to drop about half of these hasty references and had had, instead, some more nourishing conversations. I mentioned that I was not sure whom this book is for and my hesitancy is most pronounced when I try to make my way through this unusual approach to embedding and reference, and when, really, I want to witness Whybrown's encounters with and in Berlin. But when the book flows around Brecht's old home, or past a wrapped Reichstag, it flows well and takes me on interesting journeys through Berlin, seen through the eyes of a flâneur and witness.


OVER recent years, several viruses transmitted by Culicoides midges have emerged in European livestock, leading to significant economic losses. For example, in 2006, bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 8 emerged in Belgium and the Netherlands and spread rapidly to Central and Western European countries (Saegerman and others 2008). In 2007, BTV serotype 1 spread from the Maghreb to Spain and was subsequently detected in France and Portugal (Wilson and Mellor 2009). More recently, Schmallenberg virus (SBV), a virus belonging to the Bunyaviridae family and the Orthobunyavirus genus, was identified in Germany in November 2011 (Hoffmann and others, 2012).

SBV primarily infects domestic and wild ruminants, and causes clinical signs including diarrhoea, moderate hypothermia, decrease in milk production and anorexia in adult cattle, while sheep and goats are mildly affected. Infection of bovine, ovine and caprine fetuses by SBV is associated with abortions, premature births and stillbirths, diverse congenital malformations and abnormalities of the central nervous system. SBV has spread very rapidly from Germany and the Netherlands to Great Britain, France and other European countries (Doceul and others 2013). By the end of October 2012, SBV infection had been confirmed in about …


The temperature dependence of the sound velocity and the sound-attenuation coefficient in single-crystalline La 1.85 Sr 0.15 CuO 4 have been measured in the mixed state with an ultrasonic technique. An increase in the sound velocity and an attenuation peak, due to the elasticity of the flux-line lattice and the flux-pinning effect, are observed at a temperature lower than the superconducting transition temperature T c . The compression and tilt moduli of the flux-line lattice are found to be softened in the case of H⊥c


This research proposes the determining shortest paths for hops, which are in the middle of the source and destination. The shortest path in this research means the fastest path between the source and destination. In Recent, dynamic routing algorithms are currently used and developed by researchers. This research algorithm suggests that the fastest paths between the source and the destination which is based on using the record of the network traffic history. Main subject on networking is a user, and the pattern of network usage is always corresponding to network history. Users are using the networking and the network traffic is always corresponding to how many users use the networking in specific time. Therefore, network traffic information can be predicted by the network condition which is referring to the history of network traffic record, and then the shortest path can be produced without using RIP too much. It will be helpful to improve the network traffic and contribute efficient packet transferring on network.


Some ideas about the structural and functional nature of organization and self‐organization processes and their evolutionary dynamics are considered from the standpoint of organization, control, and information activity in brain cellular and system structures.


The Copernician revolution has comological consequences upon which Copernic has expressed little, and the scale of which will be measured only by Giordano Bruno or Descartes. The most spectacular aspect of this post-Copernician revolution is of course the suppression of the sphere of fixed stars. The present article examines this question through two perspectives : (i) that of an empyrean sky and (ii) the (vain) quest for a stellar parallax that for Kepler, Galileo and Descartes supposedly proved a posteriori Copernic's theory. We underscore finally the great subtlety of the argument layed out in Descartes' Principia Philosophiae (1644) that uses the « arbitrary » supposition of the empyrea to set the strictly geomobilistic copernicans against their tychonian adversaries who hoped via this supposition to maintain the Earth's immobility at the center of the World.


This paper demonstrates that the forecast of migration matrices can be conducted by means of updating procedures, well-known in the I-O theory. The authors use some of the most popular I-O updating procedures (RAS and some non-biproportional approaches) and calculate measures of the ex-post error of predictions. While taking into account the measures of distance between two matrices, a ranking of forecasting methods of migration matrices (forecast horizon one) is established. Finally, the advantages and drawbacks of particular forecasting methods with respect to one-step ex-post forecasts of migration matrices are discussed.


Tracking King Kong: A Hollywood Icon in World Culture, by Cynthia Erb. Wayne State University Press, 1999. Feminist Hollywood: From Born in Flames to Point Break, by Christina Lane. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2000.


Literature has reported that Ag and various forms of Mn have a high activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). [1-4] The ORR is complex involving 4 electrons per oxygen molecule. Depending on the electrocatalyst used, this reaction may produce hydrogen peroxide as an intermediate which then must be decomposed to produce hydroxide ions and oxygen. A bifunctional Ag/Mn-base catalyst system would promote direct ORR and the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. In this work, nanowires were selected as the high surface area catalyst structure. Nanowire catalysts have been studied due to the ease of fabrication, controllable size, and unique morphologies. Ag nanowires from 10 to 100 nm in diameter were successfully synthesized using a modified template-base deposition technique.[5] The metal deposition took place in two steps. First, a nanoporous polycarbonate membrane was sensitized in a Sn-base solution. Next, the membrane was immersed into a two-part bath containing an ammonium hydroxide complexing agent and a rochelle salt reducing agent. The deposition of elemental Ag resulted from a redox reaction between the Ag and Sn ions. Volmer Weber growth was identified as the mechanism for Ag deposition. Figure 1 shows a TEM image of these structures. [4] The following studies have been conducted on the synthesis of bimetallic Ag/Mn structures and their effect on electrochemical performance.[1-3] Research showed that bulk Ag/Mn catalysts had a higher activity towards the ORR compared to a pure bulk Ag electrode.[1] A Mn concentration between 1 and 10wt% produced a significant increase in electrocatalytic activity.[1] It was proposed that Mn altered the Ag d orbital electronic structure, increasing the bond strength between Ag and adsorbed O2 and the kinetics of O2 splitting.[1] In other work, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were deposited with Ag and MnO2 to observe the bifunctional effect of both metals. [2-3] A higher electrocatalytic activity for the ORR was achieved. These studies concluded that improvements in electrochemical performance have been observed when elemental Mn and various Mn-oxides were deposited with Ag. For this work, the synergistic effect of Ag/Mn nanowire catalysts are compared to the performance of a pure Ag system. The approach taken was to adapt the original electroless deposition bath for Ag in order to codeposit Mn. The main challenge was to develop a stable bath chemistry for both metals. Ag deposition is ideal at a pH of 10 to 11. According to the Pourbaix diagram for Mn, Mn ions are stable in acid solutions. Complexing Mn ions is thus required to avoid precipitation in the basic silver deposition solution. The membrane surface was observed under an SEM to analyze the change in the growth mechanism of Ag with the addition of Mn in the bath. A pure Ag deposition can be seen in Figure 2. The addition of Mn to the bath altered the growth mechanisms and structure of a pure Ag deposit as seen in Figures 3 to 4. It was proposed that the Mn was depositing on the surface and causing Ag to alter its growth mechanisms on the polymer membrane. The membranes were then dissolved and the nanowires were characterized using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to determine the chemical and structural form of Mn present in the nanostructures.


Climate change is recognised worldwide as a major concern, with serious repercussions. Observed temperature rises are increasingly being linked to human activity. Evidence indicates a strengthening vehicle-orientated society, with negative implications for climate change. To achieve the targets to mitigate climate change, governments have undertaken a series of environmental reforms to their policy measures. Pricing signals, designed to shape individuals' behaviour with incentives/disincentives, are provided via government-led fiscal policy.
This research focuses upon those measures targeting individuals' future vehicle purchasing behaviour. Environmental savings are achieved by purchasing a relatively lower emission vehicle than the vehicle most often used at present. This research explores the weighting of situational and psychological factors shaping individuals' future vehicle purchasing decisions. The modifications to current taxation policy, deemed necessary to start thinking about, seriously think about and definitely buy a lower emission vehicle, are also investigated. The potential influence of hypothetical policy measures to further encourage a lower emission vehicle purchase is also considered.
To address the aforementioned research topics, a postal questionnaire survey was administered to a sample of Scottish motorists. 1,336 responses were collected, equating to a response rate of 28.3%. Cluster analysis was applied to the overall population, and the differences subsequently evaluated.
For the Scottish motoring population, situational factors were generally more influential than psychological factors in informing individuals' future vehicle purchasing decisions. Disaggregating the population into segments indicates variation in the factors driving individuals' future vehicle purchasing behaviour. Revised behavioural models were presented to visually demonstrate the differences. The strength of psychological constructs provides insight into the preparedness of individuals to purchase a lower emission vehicle, and thus the type of policy interventions most effective in influencing future vehicle purchasing behaviour.
Results indicate a sizeable potential for using vehicle excise duty, value added tax, hydrocarbon oil duty and the plug-in car grant to shape individuals' future vehicle purchasing decisions towards a lower emission vehicle. This reported influence was generally found to increase as individuals become more prepared to purchase a lower
emission vehicle in the future. Tax incentives were identified as more influential than disincentives in shaping individuals' future vehicle purchasing behaviour towards a lower emission vehicle. This is particularly so as individuals become more prepared to purchase a lower emission vehicle. In keeping with established psychological theory regarding behaviour change, individuals were found to require a progressively greater tax incentive/disincentive to advance through the behaviour change process towards purchasing a lower emission vehicle. Those individuals most prepared to purchase a lower emission vehicle were generally found to require the lowest incentive/disincentive to change their future vehicle purchasing behaviour towards such a vehicle.
Motorists were found to be most influenced by hypothetical policy measures reoccurring throughout the period of vehicle ownership, followed closely by those present at the time of vehicle acquisition. Across all segments, a proposed 'feebate' system presents the best opportunity for shaping future vehicle purchasing behaviour towards a lower emission vehicle. However, the reported influence of hypothetical policy measures was largely found to increase as individuals become more prepared to purchase a lower emission vehicle.
Collected results are discussed in context of past research and current transport policy. A series of recommendations, directed towards both future researchers and policy makers, are then presented.


A lens barrel characterized by the provision of the following: imaging optics that contain a focusing lens; a drive unit that drives said focusing lens in the direction of the optical axis of the lens barrel; a transmission/reception unit that transmits and receives signals to and from a camera body; and a control unit that controls said transmission/reception unit so as to repeatedly transmit a first image-plane movement coefficient and a second image-plane movement to the camera body at prescribed intervals, said first image-plane movement coefficient being defined so as to correspond to the position of the focusing lens in the imaging optics and said second image-plane movement being independent of the position of the focusing lens. This lens barrel is further characterized in that the control unit varies the second image-plane movement coefficient with time as said second image-plane movement coefficient is being repeatedly transmitted to the camera body.


The history of the Ascocotyle complex of species is briefly reviewed. The generic status of Ascocotule Looss. 1899 is revised to include the subgenera Ascocotyle Travassos, 1930, Phagicola Faust, 1920, and Leighia, this paper. Ascocotyle nana Ransom, 1920, A. diminuta Stunkard and Haviland, 1924, and Phagicola lageniformis Chandler, 1941 are regarded synonyms of Ascocotyle angrense Travassos, 1916. Observations on the biology of A. angrense are recorded. Looss (1896) described Distomum coleostomum, a species which was incorrectly transferred to the genus Anoiktostoma Stossich, 1899 (family Acanthostomidae) by Stossich (1899). Looss (1899) established the genus Ascocotyle for Distomum coleostomum, also describing a second species, A. minuta. Alessandrini (1906) added another species, A. italica. Travassos (1916) described A. angrense, and Ransom (1920) A. nana and A. longa. Faust (1920) named the genus Phagicola, with P. pithecophagicola Faust, 1920 as type species, although Faust and Nishigori (1926) subsequently transferred this species to the genus Ascocotyle. Stunkard and HIaviland (1924) named and described A. diminuta, establishing the subgenus Parascocotyle for A. minuta (type species) and A. diminuta. Linton (1928) described Ascocotyle plana. Travassos (1928) described A. arnaldoi, and (1929a) A. filippei and A. angeloi. Witenberg (1929) raised Parascocotyle to generic rank, assigning to this genus the species minuta, italica, nana, longa, pithecophagicola, and a new species P. ascolonga Witenberg, 1929. Witenberg (1929)


A transformer cooling fan control apparatus comprises an inter-engaged stand-by power supply means consisting of two voltage relays, two contactors, two signal indicator lights, a transfer switch, and two low-pressure air switch; a cooling control means consisting of a low-pressure air switch, a contactor, a thermal relay, an intermediate relay, a time relay, a selector switch, and a signal indicator light; a cooling means consisting of operating, assistant and stand-by cooling fans; Each set of cooling fans is connected to the connection terminal array of the control cabinet. Auxiliary contacts of the current relay and of the temperature controller are directed into the control cabinet from the master control room so as to combine with the selector switch of the cooling control means and a control circuit module to form a switching cooling control circuit. The utility model allows the transformer to run steadily in a safe temperature range by grouping control of the cooling fan, thereby increasing service life of electric elements in the cooling fan, reducing power consumption and improving the reliability of power supply.


Starting of an electric motor drive with hydrodynamic coupling is a transient operation regime beginning with the start of a driving electric motor and lasting to its steady-state operation. It is important to explore this process as it can be used as the basis for evaluation of relevant parameters used for the choice of the motor and power transmission elements. This includes the calculation of starting intervals of a driving motor (it has to be short enough) and an output operating device (it has to be long enough), determination of the thermal and mechanical loading of driving mechanism elements, etc. The paper contains, as an example, a proposition for a short and sufficiently exact calculation procedure of a hydrodynamic coupling starting regime.


Purpose: To propose a series of standardized guidelines for reporting keratoprosthesis (KPRO) results. Methods: At the most recent KPRO Study Group Meeting (Barcelona, 2015), representatives of the 4 multinational corneal societies (Cornea Society, Asia Cornea Society, EuCornea, and PanCornea) and the KPRO Study Group agreed to propose consistent terminology for reporting KPRO results, especially in describing the length of follow-up and in the description of the KPRO itself. Consensus was reached for minimal reporting guidelines. Results: The 4 multinational corneal societies and the KPRO Study Group agreed to standardized terminology for reporting the length of follow-up, preoperative diagnosis grouping, and data stratification based on the KPRO type used. Conclusions: Guidelines suggesting minimal reporting standards will assist in both data collection and reporting and will allow for better comparative analysis and pooling of the available data.


235 Xylanase solubilization of corn and wheat arabinoxylans in mixed growing pig diets subjected to upper gut in-vitro digestion and in ileal digesta. M. C. Walsh*1, E. Kiarie2, L. Romero3, S. Arent4, 1Danisco Animal Nutrition, DuPont Industrial Biosciences, Marlborough, UK, United Kingdom, 2Department of animal biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Dupont Industrial biosciencesDanisco animal nutrition, marlborough, United Kingdom, 4Dupont, Industrial Biosciences, Brabrand, Denmark.


Expressions are given for the convenient factorized form [Bar-Shalom, Klapisch, and Oreg, Phys. Rev. A 38, 1773 (1988)] for the collision strength with inclusion of the generalized Breit interaction. This is used to explore further the importance of the inclusion of the generalized Breit interaction in calculating electron-impact excitation cross sections or collision strengths, by considering the inner-shell excitation of Be-like uranium and the [ital n]=2 to [ital n]=3 transitions in neonlike xenon and uranium.


In this paper the author firstly Introduced the data technological process of IPv6,and then designed the core Protocol of IPv6: IPv6, ICMPv6, Neighbor discovery,finally the author illustrated the transplant of IPv6.


Design and construction problems of statically determinate prestressed composite structures (concrete slab and steel beams); properties of materials and different construction methods are discussed, including approximate and more exact methods for determination of prestress loss; elastic and plastic design methods are derived.


Vuk Karadžic's interest in people laughter is especially expressed in the first editio of Dictionary in 1818, where we can, among other things, find erotic and obscene vocabulary and prose based upon pagan fertility rituals, which were at that time still present in Serbian agricultural culture. This is important not only if we talk about lexis (vocabulary), but also as a starting point for the analysis of those particular expressions in their authentic context, of which Vuk also left some notes [See a commentary with the word Poskocica in Dictionary – S.Đ.], and that leads us to a conclusion that there existed an undoubted connection among the erotic, obscene and sacral in the concept of laughter in the world of the premodern man as well as the existence of the concept of the Universe as a whole and the way it functioned.


The grade of histologic differentiation is one of the most important prognostic factors in patients with endometrial carcinoma and postoperative staging. The aim of this study was to investigate whether 16α-18F-fluoro-17β-estradiol (18F-FES) and 18F-FDG PET reflect clinicopathologic features in patients with endometrial tumors. Methods: A total of 22 patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma and 9 with endometrial hyperplasia (mean age, 56.0 ± 15.3 y) underwent 18F-FES PET for estrogen receptor imaging and 18F-FDG PET. Regional values of tracer uptake were evaluated using standardized uptake value (SUV) and the SUV ratio of 18F-FDG to 18F-FES. The accuracy for predicting tumor aggressiveness defined as high-risk carcinoma (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] stage ≥ Ic or histologic grade ≥ 2), low-risk carcinoma (FIGO stage ≤ Ib and grade 1), and hyperplasia was compared for each PET parameter using receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis. The diagnostic accuracy of MRI findings for clinical staging was also compared. Results: Although the SUV for 18F-FDG was significantly lower in endometrial hyperplasia than in carcinoma, a significant difference between high-risk and low-risk carcinoma was observed only in SUV for 18F-FES. High-risk carcinoma showed a significantly greater 18F-FDG–to–18F-FES ratio (3.6 ± 2.1) than did low-risk carcinoma (1.3 ± 0.5, P < 0.01) and hyperplasia (0.3 ± 0.1, P < 0.005). Low-risk carcinoma showed a significantly higher 18F-FDG–to–18F-FES ratio than hyperplasia (P < 0.0001). In ROC analysis, the most accurate diagnostic PET parameter for predicting high-risk and low-risk carcinoma was the 18F-FDG–to–18F-FES ratio. The optimal 18F-FDG/18F-FES cutoff value of 2.0, determined by ROC analysis, revealed 73% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 86% accuracy, which was better than the 77% accuracy for MRI. The 18F-FDG–to–18F-FES ratio of 0.5 yielded a correct diagnosis for carcinoma from hyperplasia with 100% accuracy. Conclusion: Endometrial carcinoma reduces estrogen dependency with accelerated glucose metabolism as it progresses to a higher stage or grade. 18F-FES and 18F-FDG PET studies provide a new index of the 18F-FDG–to–18F-FES ratio, which is considered the most informative index reflecting tumor aggressiveness. This index will be useful for making noninvasive diagnoses and deciding the appropriate therapeutic strategy for patients with endometrial carcinoma.


Abstract Public discourse and deliberation are key to developing socially responsible and acceptable human gene editing research and applications. Researchers have raised concerns, however, that discourse about heritable gene edits, especially for non-therapeutic (or enhancement) purposes, might negatively bias public opinion of applications, including non-heritable edits to cure or prevent disease. Yet limited research exists examining how information about different gene editing applications elicits different perceptions of the technology. Using a U.S.-representative sample and survey-embedded experiment, we tested how exposure to information about different types of edits affects support and perceptions of benefits, risks, and moral acceptability of human gene editing. We randomly assigned respondents to a control or to an experimental condition in which they read information about one of four broad types of potential applications: (1) heritable edits for enhancement; (2) heritable edits for therapy; (3) non-heritable edits for enhancement; (4) non-heritable edits for therapy. Respondents then answered questions tapping multiple dimensions of support for and risk/benefit perceptions of human gene editing. Our results indicate partial evidence that exposure to information about heritable and/or enhancement edits colors perceptions of human gene editing more broadly but also that support for therapeutic edits is robust. Participants who read information about therapy edits perceived human gene editing in general more favorably in terms of benefits, risks, and moral acceptability than did participants who read about enhancements. Exposure to information about therapy versus enhancement edits, however, did not significantly influence support for therapy edits in particular. Heritability of edits had significant influence only on perceived risk, with heritable edits triggering higher risk perceptions. Interestingly, heritability seems to primarily affect views of risk of gene editing but not views of benefits, moral acceptability, or levels of support. We did not find differing effects depending on whether heritable edits were for therapy or enhancement.


Purpose: Although diversity management as a concept and a term has been used since the 1980s, it is still a relatively seldom-used strategy in Polish organisa-tions. As previous research shows, organisations define and implement diversity management in various ways, which consequently leads to the usage of different instruments. Therefore, the main goal of this paper is to present the different diversity management instruments used by Polish organisations. Special emphasis was put on the question whether the organisations have a dedicated budget for diversity management and whether they include diversity information in their reports. The aim of the paper was to present an overview of the instruments used by the organisations – leaders of diversity management in Poland. Design/methodology/approach: For the purpose of this paper telephone-depth-in-terviews (TDIs) with representatives from companies implementing diversity management were conducted. The enterprises were chosen through purposive sampling. The organisations were firstly screened for implementing diversity management through an analysis of their web sites and reports. The organisations implementing diversity management and informing stakeholders about it through their web sites and reports were further included into the study. The respondents chosen for the TDIs were representatives of the organisations responsible for diversity management or indicated by the company itself as the most competent to give information about the organisation's diversity management related actions. Findings: The conducted research has shown the variety of diversity manage-ment instruments used in the interviewed organisations is large. The instruments differ from simple ones like organising a diversity day and promoting the idea of diversity and inclusion through simple channels to complex systems of moni-toring and assessing the implementation of diversity management. Furthermore, all organisations declare that they include diversity in their reports. Additionally, almost all of them admit that they do not have a separate budget for diversity management actions and initiatives. Research and practical limitations/implications: For the purpose of this paper a qualitative research approach was chosen. Therefore, the presented results are not representative, but, due to the fact that only a few organisations in Poland implement diversity management, the entities interviewed for the purpose of this paper can be treated as flagships of this strategy in Poland and as a kind of good practices. Originality/value: The paper presents an overview of diversity management instruments used by Polish organisations with special emphasis put on bud-geting and reporting. It defines diversity budgeting in terms of assessing every action from the perspective of its consequences towards all diversity dimensions represented in the company, while taking into account the human and financial resources. Paper type: Research paper.


The temperature field of steel column under standard warming mode is calculated by using ANSYS program.Then the temperature field is inducted into structure analysis by using the coupling analysis module of ANSYS.The mechanical reaction of steel column with axial compress and warming under different rotational restraints is analyzed with consideration of load ratio and slenderness ratio.The research indicates that the fire-resistance performance of steel column with rotational resistance is better than that of simply-supported column with no rotational restraint.Steel column can bear more loads in compress stage when its slenderness is under 30.Method of determining calculation length of steel column under high temperature is presented,which is of reference to fire-resistance design of steel frame.


INTRODUCTION Recent development of high resolution imaging modalities such as Micro-CT allow realistic porous structures to be straightforwardly and accurately scanned with sub-micron image resolutions possible on some commercially available systems. Combined with novel meshing techniques, these imaging techniques allow for robust and rapid conversion of the 3D scan data into finite element and finite volume meshes which can straightforwardly be used to characterize the response. In addition, various image processing tools allow for interesting sensitivity analyses to be carried out helping to elucidate relationships between key architectural parameters, such as rib thickness and bulk properties. A number of studies demonstrating the ease with which fidelic models of the complex micro-architectures of bio-scaffolds can be generated will be presented.


This paper targets a series of potential issues for the discussion of, and modal resolution to, the alethic paradoxes advanced by Scharp (2013). I aim, then, to provide a novel, epistemicist treatment to Curry's Paradox. The epistemicist solution that I advance enables the retention of both classical logic and the traditional rules for the alethic predicate: truth-elimination and truth-introduction.


This paper contains measurement of local void fraction by using the capacitance and the auto-transformer techniques in bubbly air-water two-phase simulation flow. The uncertainty in void fraction measurement by the two techniques was compared with those measured by nuclear radiation techniques used by Kendoush (1992) and Kendoush and Sarkis (2002). It was found that the auto-transformer and the capacitance techniques have more accurate results than the γ-ray attenuation and neutron transmission techniques. The X-rays technique has less uncertainty in void fraction measurement as compared to the auto-transformer and the capacitance techniques.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


Warfield (2000) has noticed that this argument commits a modal fallacy. For the most that one could hope to show by means of the argument is that there is no freedom if determinism is true. But the thesis of incompatibilism is not this (weak) claim, but rather its necessitation. And, as everyone accepts, from the fact that a proposition is true it does not follow that it is necessary. Warfield acknowledges that there might be ways to shore up the Consequence argument to avoid this objection, but proposes to sidestep the issue by offering an entirely new argument for incompatibilism. Despite its ingenuity, our purpose in this paper is to establish that Warfield's argument does not succeed. Let us begin by adopting some standard abbreviations, beginning with the use of 'D' for the material conditional:


Data Envelopment Analysis approach was employed to evaluate the performance of 18 star hotels in Lu'an area and Tobit Regression Model employed to explore the interrelation between operation efficiency and relevant economic data and finally spatial distribution characteristics of star hotels' operation efficiency were discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Hotels with high overall technology efficiency are characterized by spatial convergency in Lu`an City. Pure technology efficiency of star hotels is comparatively high and scattered across the area. Spatial distribution of scale technology efficiency is featured with gradual diffuseness from center to periphery. Star hotels overall are operating in an area of increasing return to scale and evenly distributed across the area. (2) Microeconomic factors affecting star hotels' operation efficiency include tourist arrivals, room occupancy rate, operational income, area of construction, average room rate, and room numbers while macroeconomic factors are numbers of administrative department, numbers of corporations, numbers of staff and average wage.


This article discusses the potential promise and limits of oversight of corporate managers by major institutional investors. I discuss the reasons to believe that, at least for systemic issues that arise at many firms, there can be value is assigning one set of loosely watched agents (institutional money managers) to watch another set (corporate managers). This is partly because, as long as it takes a number of institutions to strongly influence corporate actions, the institutions can also watch each other, thus reducing the risk that any one of them will extract private benefits from the firm. The case for shared institutional voice (with six or ten institutions, often different types of institutions, exercising joint influence) is stronger than the case for direct institutional control of a firm by a particular institution. In a companion paper, The Value of Institutional Investor Monitoring: The Empirical Evidence, UCLA Law Review, Vol. 39, pp. 895-939 (1992), http://ssrn.com/abstract=1132063, I survey the empirical evidence on the value of large shareholder oversight of managers.


The knowledge of microcontrollers to engineering students is essential since it will help them in the development of their prototypes for their design projects. The idea of this study was to develop a laboratory trainer board using the Arduino microcontroller kit. The developed laboratory trainer module covers sensors, motor, Bluetooth modules, switches, and displays. The laboratory module evaluation was assessed through the finished projects using the trainer module. Students were given a survey questionnaire after performing experiments. Based on the results, the microcontroller trainer module was essential in helping students learn hardware programming and microcontroller interfacing.


Germination and growth of orchid seeds can be accelerated by the addition of organic supplement and plant extract in culture medium. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of peptone and tomato extract on early stage of embryo development of Dendrobium phalaenopsis orchids. Orchid seeds were sown on NP and VW medium with addition of 10% of CW (NPCW and VWCW).  Five weeks after seed germination, about 58.03% seed germination was observed on VWCW medium, and only 37.45% seed germination on NPCW. Tomato extract and peptone were added in VWCW, resulting VWCWTP medium. After 4-8 weeks on VWCWTP, 94.42% seeds was germinated into plantlet, but only 67.30% germinated seeds on VWCW. To get optimal growth and development of D .  phalaenopsis orchids embryos in the in vitro condition, supplement of 100 ml.L -1 coconut water, 100 mg.L -1 tomato extract and 2 mg.L -1 peptone into VW basic medium is required.


Abstract Maternal stereotypes and the realities of mothering are prominent themes in Anke Engelke's Ladykracher and Martina Hill's Knallerfrauen, two of the most popular sketch shows in twenty-first-century Germany. This article relates their success to social anxieties about motherhood, which Engelke and Hill illuminate through the theme of their sketches as well as through their very use of comedy to do so. I begin by using close-readings of Ladykracher and Knallerfrauen to illuminate the political potential of the sketch form to challenge maternal myths and articulate taboo feelings such as maternal ambivalence. I then consider the innovation of these maternal sketches in view of traditional theories of comedy, which paradoxically draw their imagery from the realm of the maternal even though they discount real women and mothers as comic agents. I argue that the maternal sketches of Engelke and Hill are thus doubly subversive, challenging maternal taboos as well as the discursive and generic norms they sustain.


Deng Xiaoping's view of the prior development of education is the basic theory of Deng Xiaoping's theory of education. The guiding principle of the prior development of education is the "three-directions", while the strategically aim of it is to train the new talented people for the country. Deng's idea is the theoretical basis of the development of higher education of China.


This study investigates how ethnic preschoolers in an ethnic minority concentrated community acquired bilingual competence of Yi [1] and Mandarin [2] . It mainly examines the influence of a bilingual environment, specifically, the amount of language exposure and input, on bilingual competence. The data were collected through observation, interviews and audio-recordings. In the data collection process, the systematic approach of ethnographic methods was followed by a planning phase, a discovery phase, and a presentation of findings phase. The process in which the informants simultaneously acquired bilingual competence at home, at school and in the community is carefully observed. The results of the study indicate that a bilingual environment, especially, the amount of exposure and input is a significant predictor of bilingual competence. The interlocutors' positive attitudes toward bilingual teaching could influence bilingual acquisition of the ethnic preschoolers. The results suggest that parents should follow the one-person, one- language strategy to create a favorable bilingual environment for children. Also, both parents and teachers are recommended to highlight the quality of language exposure and input. [1] Yi language belongs to the Tibeto-Burman Language Group of the Sino-Tibetan Language Family, it is a language spoken by Yi ethnic minority who mainly live China, Lao, Vietnam, and Thailand. In China, they mainly live in Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou. There are six dialects spoken by the Yi people in China. Yi language in this study refers to one dialect spoken in Yunnan Province. In this study, Yi language  is 'Yi' for short. [2] Mandarin is a category of related Chinese dialects spoken across most of northern and south-western China. Generally, Mandarin can refer to either of two distinct concepts: standard Mandarin and all of the Mandarin dialects; the former is based on the particular Mandarin dialect spoken in capital Beijing and the latter is spoken in northern and southwestern China. In this study, Mandarin refers to one of the Mandarin dialects spoken in Yunnan Province.


The short analysis of the purposes for resource efficiency assessment of foundry technologies is submitted. The basic principles for an resource efficiency assessment are defined. For optimization and a quantitative efficiency assessment of projected possible options or already existing foundry technologies their efficiency criteria are offered. As the main criteria functional, power and resource criteria are chosen. However, criteria the most widespread for comparison and work of production technologies assessment as is shown in article, are power criteria. In article it is reflected that energy expenses as electric, mechanical and any other types in socially useful production it is possible to allocate as one of important technological effectiveness exponents in development of modern society. Following the done work results the conclusion that most by the general technological effectiveness indicator of any kind (social, information, production, etc.) is drawn it is necessary to recognize social time saving.


FPGAs constitute a highly profitable industry, with approximately $5 billion of sales per year. High barriers to entry keep most companies away, and enable high profit margins for the incumbents. The industry has grown greatly over the years, but still constitutes a small portion of the overall semiconductor market. This raises the question to be addressed by this panel: is the FPGA community innovating as much as it should, or is a bias to maintain high profit margins and protect the cash flow of the current FPGA market holding us back from exploring new ideas and products that could greatly expand the appeal of and market for FPGA-related technology? This would be a classic case of the innovator's dilemma defined by Clayton Christensen: it is difficult for a company to engage in creative destruction of a cash cow product.
 Our distinguished panel of experts will discuss whether we are seeing major innovation in architectures, design flows and applications, or only incremental improvements. We will also discuss if any new (possibly low margin) application domain is left out by the FPGA industry, what radical ideas should be explored, and whether large incumbents, new startups, academia or some combination are best able to attack these new areas.


A series of systematic studies of the novel spectral photoconductivity of the Y 3- x -Ba x -Cu 3 -O z system conjugate with high- T c superconductivity have been performed. On the basis of the experimental results, we propose that a photoexcited state of the insulators is equivalent to the ground state of the high- T c superconductors in the Y 3- x -Ba x -Cu 3 -O z system.


IL‐12, IL‐23, and IL‐27, which are produced by APC, modulate innate and adaptive immunities. Human β‐defensin‐2 (hBD‐2) produced by epidermal keratinocytes promotes cutaneous antimicrobial defense and inflammation. We examined the in vitro effects of IL‐12, IL‐23, and IL‐27 on hBD‐2 production in human keratinocytes. IL‐12, IL‐23, and IL‐27 enhanced IL‐1β‐induced hBD‐2 secretion and mRNA expression in keratinocytes. The stimulatory effects of IL‐12, IL‐23, and IL‐27 were suppressed by antisense oligonucleotides against NF‐κB p50 and p65. In addition, the effects of IL‐12 and IL‐27 were suppressed by antisense STAT3 and STAT1, respectively. All the three IL enhanced the basal and IL‐1β‐induced transcriptional activities of NF‐κB, while IL‐12 and IL‐27 enhanced STAT3 and STAT1 activities, respectively. Further, IL‐12, IL‐23, and IL‐27 promoted basal and IL‐1β‐induced phosphorylation of IκBα. IL‐12 and IL‐23 tyrosine phosphorylated STAT3 and STAT1, respectively; IL‐12, IL‐23, and IL‐27 tyrosine phosphorylated JAK2 and tyrosine kinase‐2; and IL‐27 tyrosine phosphorylated JAK1. These results suggest that IL‐12, IL‐23, and IL‐27 may enhance IL‐1β‐induced hBD‐2 production in keratinocytes by activating NF‐κB. STAT3 and STAT1 are involved in the effects of IL‐12 and IL‐27, respectively. Thus, IL‐12, IL‐23, and IL‐27 may promote cutaneous antimicrobial defense and inflammation via hBD‐2.


The purpose of this study is to evaluate and measuring Seal a bility of five different Commercial root Canal sealers in Conjunction with gutta-percha by an electrochemical techirique. The electro chemical method Composed of the galvanic cell Cont-ained root specimens inserted in 1% Potassium chlorite Solution. Anode was attached to the root and connected to electrical source. Cathods was Connected to other in put and immersed in the electrolytic solution. A galvanic current will flow when there is onto the root canal and the current can be measured using a highly sensitive avometer. The magnitude of current will indicate the degree of micro leakage. The results showed that, maximum current was 16.62 in case of endo methas one and least current in care of Diaket sealer (4.09). It was concluded that, variation of leakage within the sealers due to the different physical properties.


This summary of a year's work of the research office, in Win netka, is published for three purposes. First, it presents a con venient summary of several investigations of general interest; second, it shows the direct practical value of a research office to even a small public-school system, as well as to the general cause of educational research; and finally, it illustrates the type of report and the type of research which can sell such a department to a board of education. A full-fledged research office, with a director, one or two assist ants, and from one to three clerks, is not ordinarily found in a small school system which has an enrollment of some seventeen hundred pupils. Had we attempted to secure the establishment of such a research office a few years ago, our attempt would have been worse than futile. We began, however, by doing research without asking for money. Winnetka teachers were trained to participate in various investigations after school hours. Their investigations helped to make the program and curriculum of the Winnetka schools more scientific and effective and contributed directly to the still meager fund of available scientific knowledge concerning edu cation generally. Certain investigations carried on by Winnetka teachers on this volunteer basis were of so elaborate a nature and of such far-reaching implications that it was possible to secure grants from the big foundations to help them complete the work they had undertaken. The Winnetka public schools received two grants from the Commonwealth Fund and one from the Carnegie Corporation on different occasions. The definite results of research in the schools of Winnetka, aided by the fact that the large foundations had felt this work to be of sufficient importance to justify subventions, made it possible to induce the Winnetka Board of Education in April, 1926, to establish a research office, with an adequate staff, as a part of the public-school system. 90


The woody cover of Africa's savannas is changing. Vast tracts of the less populated regions of the continent are seeing a slow but steady increase of woody-plant cover, a phenomenon referred to as "woody encroachment" (Axelsson & Hanan, 2018). Because of the large spatial scales at which woody encroachment occurs, it has potentially farreaching effects on African rangeland productivity and the Earth system. A large body of research has sought to disentangle the drivers of woody encroachment but attribution remains complicated where changes in hypothesized drivers have occurred together, with the prime candidates being atmospheric CO2 levels, herbivory and fire. A recent study by Axelsson and Hanan (2018) offers new clues about the mechanisms involved in encroachment and how to discern the contribution of individual drivers. The authors used time series of very high-resolution satellite imagery to quantify the extent and rate of woody encroachment in sub-Saharan African savannas between 2002 and 2016. They found that on average, woody cover increased at a rate of 0.25% per year during that period, although there was a large spread of positive and negative growth rates. When they set out to attribute the observed dynamics to external drivers, Axelsson and Hanan (2018) made an interesting observation. Among the variables they tested (including rainfall, soils, fire frequency, livestock and human population density), the single most important driver of encroachment rates was the difference between woody cover at the start of the observation period and potential woody cover. Potential woody cover is the maximal possible woody cover and has been estimated empirically as a function of local mean annual rainfall (Sankaran et al., 2005). I will refer to this difference between potential and initial woody cover as "woody-cover deficit". Encroachment rates were high in sites with high woody-cover deficit and low in sites with low woody-cover deficit. Axelsson and Hanan (2018) interpreted this as density-dependent regulation of woodyplant growth: as woody cover approaches its local potential, encroachment rates slow down as a result of increasing competition and resource constraints, and can eventually reverse when woody cover reaches or exceeds the estimated potential value. Evidently, a clear signal of density-dependent growth in encroachment rates across Africa would urge us to better represent this process in conceptual encroachment models and to consider additional pathways by which hypothesized drivers influence woody dynamics in savannas. Put simply, the intuitive implication of Axelsson and Hanan's (2018) finding is that encroachment is only possible where there is scope for higher woody-plant densities, i.e. where a cover deficit exists, and that we must identify factors that cause a cover deficit. A cover deficit can result either from increased potential cover or from low cover at the onset of the observation period. Factors that increase or decrease the cover deficit can have indirect effects on woody-plant growth that are mediated by density-dependent processes, but the same factors can also have direct effects on woody-plant growth. Figure 1(a) shows a conceptual model that includes woody-cover deficit as a potential driver of encroachment rates, as suggested by Axelsson and Hanan's (2018) findings. I will use this model to explore various mechanisms by which hypothesized drivers may influence encroachment rates directly, and indirectly via their effects on cover deficit. I focus on three key drivers of woody cover that show marked temporal trends across Africa, and therefore should generally contribute to the observed woody-cover dynamics, but whose effects have been difficult to tease apart previously. These are elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration, massive losses of large mammal herbivores and an overall decreasing fire activity. Sankaran et al. (2005) showed that mean annual rainfall sets an upper limit on potential woody cover in African savannas. Potential woody cover increases linearly until c. 650 mm, beyond which canopy closure is possible and no longer limited by rainfall. Elevated CO2 should relax water constraints in rainfall-limited savannas and increase their potential woody cover (Figure 1b). This is because CO2-enrichment enhances plant water-use efficiency (WUE) through reduced transpiration, which may conserve soil moisture and allow for increased woody-plant densities (see Bond & Midgley, 2012 and references therein). Therefore, under elevated CO2, a greater DOI: 10.1111/jbi.13238


Using two sets of input-output tables, this paper analyses the role of the construction sector in the North and South regions of Italy, from 1959 to 1992. As expected, the sector has had differing impacts on the two regional economies over the years. In the highly developed North its importance has been declining, similarly to the case of other highly developed countries. In the less developed South, instead, construction has a relatively higher propulsive role in the creation of goods and income. This role is significantly diminished since most of the construction inputs are imported. Some differences are reported in the sector's input and output profiles of the two regions. From the technological and organizational points of view, in the South construction projects appear to be less complex than those in the North.


From the disputed space to the shared space: territorial identity as an inclusion factor among immigrants. The case of the Muslim community in Lecce (Italy) The essay starts with a brief overview concerning the concepts which are most relevant to approach the issue of integration within the context of a migration experience. It moves on to study inclusion and exclusion factors within the Muslim community in Lecce (Italy), providing interesting suggestions for the elaboration of more effective inclusion policies at the urban scale. De l'espace dispute a l'espace en partage: l'identite territoriale comme facteur d'integration parmi les immigres. Le cas de la communaute islamique a Lecce (Italie) Apres un apercu sur les concepts qui sont les plus pertinents a aborder la question de l'integration dans le cadre de l'experience migratoire, cette etude examine les facteurs d'inclusion et d'exclusion de la communaute islamique musulmane a Lecce (Italie), en fournissant des suggestions interessantes pour guider le developpement de politiques d'inclusion plus efficaces a l'echelle urbaine.


We propose a new technique for calculation of weights in weighted associative classification by introducing the concept of Value Frequency (VF) and Inverse Class Frequency (ICF) in classification of relational database. This concept also provides the mechanism for automatic calculation of weights of each item in the relational database for predictions. The VF-ICF is inspired from the famous TF-IDF concept used for document representation in Information Retrieval. It is based on the principle of assigning more importance to a value which is rare in other classes but frequent in a particular class. An initial experiment was carried out to test the proposed approach on Social Workers Dataset and results show that there is a huge scope for improvement.


Assessment of band gaps for nine alkaline-earth chalcogenides namely MX (M = Ca, Sr, Ba and X = S, Se Te) compounds are reported using Tran Blaha-modified Becke Johnson (TB-mBJ) potential and its new parameterization. From the computed electronic band structures at the equilibrium lattice constants, these materials are found to be indirect band gap semiconductors at ambient conditions. The calculated band gaps are improved using TB-mBJ and its new parameterization when compared to local density approximation (LDA) and Becke Johnson potentials. We also observe that TB-mBJ new parameterization for semiconductors below 7 eV reproduces the experimental trends very well for the small band gap semiconducting alkaline-earth chalcogenides. The calculated band profiles look similar for MX compounds (electronic band structures are provided for BaS for representation purpose) using LDA and new parameterization of TB-mBJ potentials.Assessment of band gaps for nine alkaline-earth chalcogenides namely MX (M = Ca, Sr, Ba and X = S, Se Te) compounds are reported using Tran Blaha-modified Becke Johnson (TB-mBJ) potential and its new parameterization. From the computed electronic band structures at the equilibrium lattice constants, these materials are found to be indirect band gap semiconductors at ambient conditions. The calculated band gaps are improved using TB-mBJ and its new parameterization when compared to local density approximation (LDA) and Becke Johnson potentials. We also observe that TB-mBJ new parameterization for semiconductors below 7 eV reproduces the experimental trends very well for the small band gap semiconducting alkaline-earth chalcogenides. The calculated band profiles look similar for MX compounds (electronic band structures are provided for BaS for representation purpose) using LDA and new parameterization of TB-mBJ potentials.


Active queue management (AQM) is an area of critical importance for the operation of networks. In this paper, we propose a minimal adjustment to the classic random early detection (RED) algorithm, called hyperbola RED (HRED), that uses the hyperbola as the drop probability curve. The control law of HRED can regulate the queue size close to the reference queue size which is settable by the user. As a result, it is expected that HRED is no longer sensitive to the level of network load, its behavior shows low dependence on the parameter settings, and it can achieve higher network utilization. Additionally, very little work needs to be done to migrate from RED to HRED on Internet routers because only the drop profile is adjusted. We implemented HRED on a real Internet router to examine and compare its performance with the classic RED and parabola RED that are currently deployed on Internet routers. From experiments on the real network, we conclude that HRED is insensitive to the network conditions and parameter settings, and can achieve higher network utilization than the other RED schemes


The 2011 Joint Rail Conference (JRC) was held in Pueblo, Colorado, on March 16-18, 2011, immediately after the Association of American Railroads Research Review. The conference started with a techn ...


Abstract: There have been enormous researches going on the use and utilization of industrial, agricultural and thermoelectric plant residues in the production of concrete. Production of high performance concrete (HPC) plays an important role with different pozzolanic materials like fly ash, condensed silica fume, blastfurnaceslag, rise husk ash etc. There has been increase in the consumption of mineral admixture by cement and concrete industries. This rate is expected to increase day by day. The presence of mineral admixture in concrete is known to impart significant improvement in workability and durability in concrete. The present paper involves the use of mineral admixture 'ultrafine slag" as a cementitous material for cement and to evaluate the threshold limit of replacement of cement. Main aim of this work is to evaluate the flexural strength of High strength concrete by partial replacement of cement (0, 8, 10, 12, and 14%) with ultra-fine slag (Alccofine 1203) for M60 grade of concrete.OPC of 43grade from single source is used in this investigation. The properties of cement tested as per IS4031:1988 and found to conform various specifications of IS12269:1987. Locally available river sand is used as fine aggregate and also its specific gravity and fineness is determined. The addition of alccofine shows an early strength gaining properties with increase flexural strength of concrete. Keyword Alccofine-1203, Flexural Strength, Ordinary Portland cement, Plain Concrete Beams, Reinforced Concrete Beams.


Concrete has been used since Roman times for the development of infrastructure and housing, but its basic components has remained the same.it has three basic components; coarse aggregate, consisting of large pieces of material like stone or gravel; fine aggregate, made up of smaller particles such as sand; and cement, when water is added a very fine powder material that binds the mix together.The transparent concrete mainly focus on transparency and its objective of application to green technology and artistic finish. It is the combination of optical fibers and fine concrete at present, green structure focus greatly on saving energy with indoor thermal systems. Therefore it is imperative to develop a new functional material to satisfy the structure in terms of safety monitoring. The normal concrete is replaced by translucent concrete, which has natural lighting and art design. Keyword: Optical fiber,fine aggreagate,cement,water,Atrractive building material,energy saving,Green construction material, Translucent Concrete.


The invention discloses a flue gas resource utilizing system of an oil field stream-injecting boiler based on steam injection. The flue gas resource utilizing system comprises a steam injection system, a stream-injecting boiler system, a thickened oil production system, a produced liquid separating system and a foam generating system. The stream-injecting boiler system and the steam injection system are arranged in series connection and closed loop modes. The steam injection system, the thickened oil production system and the produced liquid separating system are arranged in series connection and closed loop modes. The foam generating system is arranged on the thickened oil production system. According to the flue gas resource utilizing system of the oil field stream-injecting boiler based on steam injection, the steam injection technology is adopted, high temperature and high pressure steam is used for injecting flue gas, and high pressure steam-flue gas mixed fluid is formed; the high temperature and high pressure steam generated by the boiler is used as working fluid of a steam injector, and the flue gas generated by boiler fuel combustion is used as injecting fluid of the steam injector. The flue gas in the produced liquid is separated and injected back into the steam injector, so that flue gas zero emission is realized. By the adoption of the system and the application thereof, profile control plugging of formation heterogeneity can be achieved, and the anti-corrosion requirement of an injection tubular column can further be met.


In this paper, the model test for the main bridge of a lyriform cable-stayed bridge being designed was carried out in order to find out the dynamic behavior of the bridge. The peculiar similarity method used in the test, the design and fabrication of the model, the test method selection and test procedures are presented in details. The test results are then compared to the finite element calculation values, and the causes of errors thereof are analyzed, which in all provides the basis for the design of the bridge.


Discretization of boundary integral equations leads to large full systems of algebraic equations, in practice. Partitioning is a method for solving such systems by breaking them down into smaller systems. It may be viewed merely as a technique from linear algebra. However, it is profitable to view it as arising directly from partitions of the boundary; these partitions could be natural (such as two separate boundaries) but they need not be. We investigate partitioning in the context of multiple scattering of acoustic waves by two sound-hard obstacles (the ideas extend to other physical situations). Specifically, we make a connection between partitioning and the use of the exact Green's function for a single obstacle in isolation. This suggests computing the action of this Green's function once-and-for-all, storing it (perhaps on a compact disc), and then using it to solve other problems in which the second obstacle is altered. One example of this approach is computing the stress distribution around a cavity of a standard-but-complicated shape inside a structure whose shape is varied. The theoretical foundation for these ideas is given, as well as a connection with the use of generalized Born series for multiple-scattering problems. Important distinctions between the partitioning/Green's function idea in this paper and seemingly similar ideas such as substructuring, multi-zoning, and domain decomposition are made.


In this article I analyze talk in a political setting to demonstrate how disagreement-relevant practices are fitted to context to accomplish a kind of argumentative strategy. I propose that in the British Parliament's House of Lords, interlocutors deal with dilemmas of disagreement by doing something I refer to as 'talking around the issue', a practice involving 1) institutional positioning , 2) display of emotionality, and 3) orientation to the issue . I suggest that these practices are indicative of institutional norms, but also comprise some of the argumentative resources available to interactants in everyday argumentative practice. These practices also reflect key areas of interest in disagreement and conflict research related to context, style, and issues in conflict.


The accuracy of line spectrum creep analysis depends ultimately on the accuracy with which the steady state compliance of the system with the longest retardation time can be derived. The presented treatment shows how the maximum theoretical value of the creep compliance may be calculated and describes an iterative method for obtaining the correct value using the least sum of squares.


The article presents analysis of the investment climate in Sweden. To determine peculiarities of the investment climate in Sweden there were distinguished the following groups of countries: the developed economies, the European developed economies, the catching-up economies, the developing economies and the transitive economies. The result is the conclusion by which factors Sweden is closer to each group of countries.


Orthorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by a diet restricted to foods considered pure, healthy and natural. It is an eating disorder linked to obsessive-compulsive symptoms. This article aims to expose, through a review of the literature, evidence that relates Orthorexia Nervosa to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders. Therefore, we sought out scientific publications related to the topic between the years 1997 and 2014 in the databases Lilacs, Scielo, BVS-Psi and Google Scholar, using the key words "Orthorexia Nervosa, Comorbidity, Spectrum, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Disorders Food. The theme is still little explored, there being controversy about diagnosis and classification. There were no experimental studies demonstrating the direct relationship between Orthorexia Nervosa and the Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. However, some authors defend the inclusion of Orthorexia and eating disorders such as the obsessive-compulsive spectrum. Noteworthy 1 Acadêmicos do Curso de Psicologia da Universidade da Região de Joinville – UNIVILLE. 2 Mestre em Neurociência pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC). Médico especialista em Terapia Nutricional Total, Professor de Neurofisiologia e Psicofarmacologia no curso de Psicologia e Fisiopatologia do curso de Farmácia da Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Joinville, SC – Brasil Psicologia Hospitalar, 2015, 13 (2), 47-63 48 is the need for further studies on the subject, since the relationship between disorders interfere with their diagnosis, prognosis and the development of therapeutic strategies for them.


Deceptive information in online news and social media has had dramatic effect on our society in recent years. This study is the first to gain deeper insights into writers' intent behind digital misinformation by analyzing psycholinguistic signals: moral foundations and connotations extracted from different types of deceptive news ranging from strategic disinformation to propaganda and hoaxes. To ensure consistency of our findings and generalizability across domains, we experiment with data from: (1) confirmed cases of disinformation in news summaries, (2) propaganda, hoax, and disinformation news pages, and (3) social media news. We first contrast lexical markers of biased language, syntactic and stylistic signals, and connotations across deceptive news types including disinformation, propaganda, and hoaxes, and deceptive strategies including misleading or falsification. We then incorporate these insights to build machine learning and deep learning predictive models to infer deception strategies and deceptive news types. Our experimental results demonstrate that unlike earlier work on deception detection, content combined with biased language markers, moral foundations, and connotations leads to better predictive performance of deception strategies compared to syntactic and stylistic signals (as reported in earlier work on deceptive reviews). Falsification strategy is easier to identify than misleading strategy. Disinformation is more difficult to predict than to propaganda or hoaxes. Deceptive news types (disinformation, propaganda, and hoaxes), unlike deceptive strategies (falsification and misleading), are more salient, and thus easier to identify in tweets than in news reports. Finally, our novel connotation analysis across deception types provides deeper understanding of writers' perspectives and therefore reveals the intentions behind digital misinformation.