Based on introducing the structure of AMBA2.0 bus and analyzing the AHB bus,a new method which considers the application of the third generation mobile communication terminals base band chip was developed to implement the DMA controller in the AHB bus.The Verilog hardware description language(HDL) was used to design the DMA controller,and the simulation analysis was completed using simulation tool.The design's verification was finished by the programmable logic device(FPGA),and a complete reusable IP Soft-core was formed.Finally,the design was successfully applied in the third generation mobile communication terminal base band chip.


Commentary The adult brain is continuously capable of generating new neurons, a process termed neurogenesis, and insults to the brain, such as seizures or injury, can promote the generation of new neurons. Neurogenesis takes place in two major areas of the brain, the subventricular zone and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus; in the latter area, new granular neurons are born that can integrate into existing hippocampal circuitry. Are those newly generated neurons good or bad for the brain? It depends. In healthy brain, neurogenesis has generally been associated with improved cognitive performance (1). In addition, newborn neurons can replace cells lost to processes such as aging, and neural cell replacement therapies have triggered much hype for the treatment of neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson disease (2). In contrast, the effects of endogenous neurogenesis on epilepsy and its development remain unresolved, and many studies from the past decade have provided conflicting results. A pro-epileptogenic role of seizureor injury-induced neurogenesis is supported by findings that granular neurons, born several weeks before or after an epileptogenesis-triggering insult, are characterized by aberrant morphologies and locations; those aberrant neurons were shown to contribute to the recurrent excitatory circuitry within the epileptic dentate gyrus, suggesting that aberrant neurogenesis plays an important role in epileptogenesis (3, 4). In contrast, an antiepileptogenic role of newborn neurons is supported by findings that those cells, when present at their normal locations within the granular cell body layer, are less excitable in epileptic animals compared with controls (5, 6). Mixed results were obtained from studies aimed at preventing epileptogenesis by experimental reduction of neurogenesis (7, 8). The complexity of the influence of newly added cells to existing circuitry was also demonstrated in early neural transplantation studies, in which new neurons transplanted into the hippocampal formation exerted either proconvulsive or anticonvulsive effects depending on the cell source used (9). To address these conflicting data on benefit or peril of newborn neurons in epileptogenesis, Murphy and colleagues predicted the existence of a heterogeneous population of newborn neurons with some cells being more epileptogenic than others. In the course of their studies, the authors identified a novel type of neuron that comprises only a fraction of all newborn neurons, but which is characterized by a large soma, thick apical dendrites, numerous large basal dendrites, and most important, impressive accumulations of dendritic spines. These studies were based on two transgenic mouse models to track newborn neurons after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) and on detailed stereologic analysis of the morphology of newly generated neurons. In the first transgenic approach, Murphy and colleagues used a Thy1-GFP transgenic mouse in which all dentate granule cells are constitutively labeled by green fluorescent protein (GFP). Animals were injected with 5′-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) 1 week prior to induction of SE by pilocarpine in order to label those cells that were born shortly before SE but whose subsequent development and differentiation was subjected to the influence of the SE. BrdU/GFP double-positive cells were identified and characterized in the epileptic animals approximately 3 months following the SE. In the second approach, a double-transgenic mouse was used, in which a GFP reporter Heterogeneous Integration of Adult-Generated Granule Cells Into the Epileptic Brain.


Concerned challenge of road safety in research and development, most automotive companies develops more than 50 years, technologies that improve the safety of their vehicles presented. Most research is based on studies carried out in the laboratories accidentology and analysis of human behavior to improve biofidelity test these models in order to develop the most effective equipment to investigate real-life situations that can arise on the road. There are programs on road safety designed around four key areas: prevention, correction, protection and awareness. If, in the best case to protect in case of an incident is crucial to avoid the accident is an absolute priority. Studies show that human error is the basis of 80% of all cases occurring in road events [1]. Today, automotive companies never cease to develop new safety devices which prevent an accident or to protect the passengers. Elections conducted safety relies on a greater degree of prevention, more anticipation, the driver is still the factor responsible for the act of driving Extremely complex, however, and the body structure and reactivity to shock [2]. Shock response is broad and consists of biomechanical response and neuro major spending in the immediate care and rehabilitation.


In the given work attempt to understand the nature of gravitation on the basis of quantum concepts is done. It supposed, that in a basis of gravitation lay zero fluctuations of quantum fields which are identified with the chaos "surrounding" the Universe. The gravitational field is result of transformation by a physical body of distant chaos in near chaos. Key words: gravitation, particles, zero fluctuations, « phantoms of particles », chaos, transformation.


A vector-based analysis is presented for polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) that yields diattenuation, birefringence, and relative optic axis orientation. Experimental confirmation is demonstrated by comparing the calculated diattenuation of chicken tendon and muscle to independent measurement. The diattenuation of the retinal nerve fiber layer of the superior region of a human retina is also calculated.


M. Wagner, C. Ponton, R. Tech, M. Fuchs, & J. Kastner (Hamburg, Germany & Charlotte, USA) Non-Parametric Statistical Analysis of EEG/MEG Map Topographies and Source Distributions on the Epoch Level In Event-Related Potential and Event-Related Field experiments, stimuli – often of several different types – are presented repeatedly, and the subject's brain response is recorded using Electroencephalography (EEG) or, in the ERF case, Magnetoencephalography (MEG). After removing artifacts and epoching the data, many repetitions per stimulus type are available, which are later usually averaged and compared. At this stage, though, it is no longer possible to establish whether and for which latencies the averaged waveforms are significantly different between stimulus types, nor whether the epochs for a given stimulus type yield significant averages in the first place. A statistical analysis of all individual epochs can provide exactly this information. Topographic Analysis of Variance (TANOVA) and Statistical non-Parametric Mapping performed on the results of Current Density Reconstructions (CDR SnPM) are non-parametric permutation or randomization tests which have previously been published but mainly been used to process per-subject averaged EEG data in the context of group studies. This paper describes how to apply TANOVA and CDR SnPM to individual epochs on a sample-by-sample basis, even in the context of single-subject data. A multiple comparison correction approach for the analysis of subsequent samples based on spectral properties of the data is presented. Methods are demonstrated using filtered and unfiltered simulated dipole data and data from a Continuous Performance Task (CPT) EEG experiment eliciting Mismatch Negativity. While TANOVA is able to identify latencies of significantly different map topographies, CDR SnPM extracts – per latency – the locations of significant source activation differences between stimulus types, albeit at the price of reduced overall sensitivity. Using simulated data, the proposed multiple comparison correction approach is illustrated. Significant peaks and source locations obtained for the CPT data are consistent with existing knowledge.


Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis patients want more nonsteroidal topical options. This expert breaks down newly available treatments and those to come.


Introduction: The use of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory supplements is important in improving the function of obese people. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training with apple vinegar on resistin and glycemic indices of obese women. Method: 60 women (mean ± SD: age 23.8 ± 4.81 years, weight 89.04 ± 4.68 and body mass index 34.39 ± 4.31 kg / m2) were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to four groups of 15: 1-resistance training, 2resistance training and apple vinegar, 3-apple vinegar and 4-control Groups 1 and 2 performed 8 weeks of resistance training, 3 sessions per week and 60 minutes each session with 80% intensity of 1RM. During this period, groups 2 and 3 consumed 500 mg of apple vinegar per day and the control group did not receive any interventions. Blood samples were taken before and after the study period. To analyze the findings, paired sample ttest, one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used (p≤0.05). Result: Resistance training, apple vinegar consumption, and resistance training with apple vinegar had a significant effect on decreasing resistin, insulin, fasting glucose and insulin resistance in obese women (p≤0.05). Resistance training with apple vinegar compared with resistance training and apple vinegar consumption had a greater effect on decreasing resistin, insulin, fasting glucose and insulin resistance in obese women (p≤0.05). Conclusion: It seems that apple vinegar supplementation and resistance training are likely to be a suitable method for reducing resistine and glycemic indexes and preventing metabolic, cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases in obese women.


We have built a tabletop frequency modulation (FM) communication system that uses a laser field as the carrier. Voice information is encoded on the laser beam using an acousto-optic modulator, and it is extracted by a Michelson-type interferometer and a FM radio. This system can easily be converted to an intensity-modulated communication system. We discuss similar systems based on phase or polarization modulation using an electro-optic modulator.


The present volume includes a number of papers written in English and published in the last fifteen years in which the Italian labour market faced many changes. The intent here is not only to provide the international readership with a frame of reference – in both conceptual and legal terms – that helps to appreciate the Italian Labour Law currently in force. The real goal of this volume is to contribute to move beyond the self-referential nature of the Italian debate on the reform of labour laws. This would supply the reform process of the Italian labour market with an international and comparative dimension which – in accordance with the programmatic approach of Marco Biagi – should also feed the debate at a national level.


This article describes the methodology of the 2018 Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey, and provides an overview of the sociodemographic details of the respondents and key findings on the health of older adults.


Deployment of a new technology across a large network can take years, usually with a strong economic imperative to load traffic onto the new layer as quickly as possible. Routing such traffic through the early-stage network can result in nonoptimized usage of resources in the fully built network, impacting the network's cost-effectiveness in ways not directly quantified by conventional design studies. Using network simulations of quasi-static traffic, we show that the order in which links are built affects the efficiency of the final network. If the optical layer can be hitlessly reconfigured, significant benefit is achieved by network re-optimization as the technology's footprint grows over time.


We expatiated the reform idea of higher vocational Web Page Design curriculum based on work progress,used advanced teaching idea,then investigated and practiced curriculum teaching reform based on "work process direction" mode.


This study was conducted to develop economic injury level (EIL) of sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, on oriental melon. In greenhouse, seedlings of oriental melon were transplanted at June 8, 2010 and we inoculated adult B. tabaci with the density of 0, 1, 5, 10, or 20 per ten leaves at July 14. Adult of B. tabaci increased approximately twenty five-fold at 60 days after inoculation in the plot of 20 adults per ten leaves. The damages on leaves and fruits by B. tabaci were started to appear at 20 days after inoculation, and the damage rates of leaves or fruits were 28.5 or 31.5 percent at 60 days after inoculation, respectively, in the plot of inoculation with 20 adults per ten leaves. The yield of oriental melon was reduced as the inoculation density of B. tabaci increased, and the relationship between inoculation density of B. tabaci and the rate of damaged fruit could be described by a linear regression Y = 0.961x + 0.0562 (R2 = 0.976). Based on the relationship, the economic injury level was 5.1 adults of B. tabaci per leaf and the control threshold estimated by 80% level of economic injury level was 4.1 adults per leaf for control of sweet potato whitefly.


Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare teacher stress between the years 1983 and 1991. Seventy teachers in comprehensive and upper secondary schools participated in the study. The teachers were studied first during the school year 1983–84 and again eight years later during the autumn term of 1991 by means of repeated questionnaires. During this 8-year period the general working situation among the teachers had remained quite stable: Most of them had remained at the same school teaching the same subjects at the same level. The results showed a drop in the teachers' well-being over the period. In particular, those over 55 years of age showed more emotional stress reactions in 1991 than eight years earlier. Furthermore, they evaluated their social relations with pupils as worse in 1991 compared to 1983. A half both of those with low emotional stress reactions and those high in them in 1983 were stilll in the same categories in 1991. Emotional stress reactions were reflected in simultaneous work ab...


Objective To investigate the serum levels of CRP, IL -6, IL -8 and their clinical significance in patients with acute cerebral infarction ( ACI). Methods Sixty patients with ACI were selected and divided into different groups according to the size of infarction and clinical neurologic impairment degree score. The serum CRP level was detected by immunoturbidimetry, IL - 6 and IL - 8 concentrations were detected by enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA). Results The serum CRP, IL - 6 and IL - 8 levels in the patients with ACI within 72 hours after the onset were significantly higher than that in the healthy subjects (P < 0.05 ). Comparing groups with the different infarction size; the serum levels of CRP, IL - 6 and IL - 8 were increased steply with the volume of infarction increased, the differences between the groups were significant ( P < 0. 05). Comparing the three groups, the serum levels of CRP, IL - 6 and IL - 8 were increased steply with the clinical neurologic impairment degree score increased, the differences between the groups were significant ( P <0. 05). Conclusions The serum levels of CRP, IL -6 and IL -8 are significantly elevated in the patients with ACI. The serum levels of CRP, IL - 6 and IL-8 were increased closely with the volume of infarction and the clinical neurologic impairment degree score, which suggests that CRP, IL - 6 and IL - 8 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ACI, and probably be a prognostic factor of ACI

Key words:
Acute cerebral infarction;  C - reactice protein;  Interleukin - 6;  Interleukin - 8;  Enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay


As apparatuses used in prosthesis have recently been increasing in size and complexity, it has often become difficult to fabricate prostheses by one piece casting. Particularly, considering the complicated environment of the mouth in mastication and the need for the protection of the abutment teeth, fitness accuracy is an important factor and the used of fusion welding and brazing has become indispensable for successful fitness of the prosthesis. However, existing bonding techniques are subject to certain limitations and it was necessary to research techniques for improving accuracy.To deal with this problem, a coating deposit based on electrodeposition, which dose not spoil the characteristics of deposits metal and which can bond prosthesis apparatuses to similar materials without relying on indirect methods such as soldering or cast bonding was developed. In developing this technique, a deposit metal was treated physically and chemically, electro-deposition was made on the treated surfaces, and a tensile shear strength test was performed. Then the processes used in the treatment of the surfaces were analyzed by ESCA analysis and SEM observation. The results were as follows:1. This technique enables the coating deposition of deposits metal.2. Physical treatment consisting of sandblasting is the most effective method for improving the bonding strength.3. Chemical treatment consisting of hydrochloric or sulfuric acid treatment can both activate the deposits metal surface and improve the bonding strength.4. The deposit metal surface activation capability of hydrochloric acid is higher than that of sulfuric acid.


In the article by R. C. Leif, H. N. Easter, Jr., R. L. Warters, R. A. Thomas, L. A. Dunlap and M. F. Austin, "Centrifugal Cytology. I. A Quantitative Technique for the Preparation of Glutaraldehyde-fixed Cells for the Light and Scanning Electron Microscope," which appeared in the April issue of the Journal (vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 203-215), Figures 7, 8 and 10, pages 213 and 214, respectively, were inadvertently transposed by the printer. The figure which appears on page 213 above the legend for Figure 7 is Figure 10, the figure which appears on page 213 above the legend for Figure 8 is Figure 7 and the figure which appears on page 214 above the legend for Figure 10 is Figure 8. The legends retain their current numbers.


In this paper a road traffic monitoring system based on a 24 GHz radar sensor is considered. This radar sensor detects and tracks all moving and stationary objects in the local environment. The object tracking procedure used in the radar sensor can be improved if any road map information about the local environment of the sensor is available to the traffic monitoring system. This step is especially important if vehicles move in a non-linear way and on a curvy road. In this respect all target detections are applied in a self-organized road map calculation. The radar sensor measures automatically the position and direction of all straight and curved streets of the entire road network in the local environment. The road map calculation and the road finding algorithm are presented in this paper.


After the time of Fitrat, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) was sent to an ignorant and depraved society due to ethnic and racial prejudices. An "Ummii prophet" who was both the seal of the prophets and the agent of ending ignorance and ummiyyat, with a miracle of the kind of book and expression and language . The prophecy of the prophet and, consequently, the special and exclusive description of "Ummii" for him, has been the view of a large number of scholars and has yielded various results. Among them, "illiterate", "non-Jewish" and "attributed to Umm al-Qura or Umm" have been more dominant semantic aspects for the word Ummii. Looking at this concept, if the context of the verses of the Qur'an (as the source and reference of this interpretation), the "spirit of meaning" of the words and the "system of levels" in the words, as well as the role and influence of the "language of the Qur'an" are considered.a clearer picture will be obtained that upon which and due to the position of the Prophet's finality, the ummiyyat of the prophet is different and beyond the ummiyyat of other human beings and has a unifying and all-encompassing concept and extends to the restoration of human innate principles.


The floating Gas industry is growing rapidly. As with all sectors in boom times, the focus is firmly on output. We need to ensure safety, compliance and profitability of what are high value, complex assets some of which operate close to high population densities.
 The speed of growth must be matched by an equivalent effort to maintain asset integrity while continuing production. Put simply, existing inspection and maintenance methods are not fit for purpose.
 This paper describes a joint industry approach for addressing these challenges that has proved successful for FPSOs.
 The industry needs to operate with high levels of asset integrity, with a programme of continuous improvement and with a long-term planning view. Effective Asset Integrity programmes are a key part of the strategy, and it is widely agreed that better use of data and robotics will help reduce unnecessary work and human risk.
 The HITS (Hull Inspection Techniques and Strategy) JIP, part of the FPSO Forum, has a membership made up of oil majors, service providers, classification societies and regulators. It has encouraged the development of new technologies, which have significantly improved safety and reduced operational costs.
 Drawing on experiences of other industries, the HITS JIP has driven innovation; safer, more cost-effective, more efficient technology, which has led to less impact on core operations of floating production assets: these include:
 The gas industry provided a means of placing nuclear industry miniature cameras into sea chests and isolation valves so that they can be inspected without affecting operations; Hull inspections were improved using deck launched, remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROVs) adapted to carry out cavitation cleaning of sea chest inlet grids, impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) anodes and points of structural interest, such as bilge keel end connections; The forestry industry provided the idea for chain crawlers for inspection and repair of deep-water moorings; From the Nuclear industry, robotic inspections using high performance cameras, adapted to be inserted through Butterworth hatches or purpose-fitted ports in the deck enabling general and close visual inspection to meet regulatory requirement without the need for confined space entry; To protect the hull, diverless ICCP systems, deploying retractable anodes through the hull; and For pressure systems, using data more effectively; inputting inspection data to confirm fitness for service to an agreed level of confidence.
 This paper describes a joint industry approach for addressing these challenges that has proved successful for FPSOs.
 It will describe the steps that have already been taken to create an industry wide group including operators, class, regulators and service providers, to agree the primary challenges and to encourage development of solutions in a cost-efficient way.
 It will describe how innovations developed and proven in the FPSO and other sectors can be successfully introduced to this sector.


Ferromagnetic bilayers with face-centered cubic(100) were studied by using a second quantization approach.Particularly the influence of ferromagnetic interface exchange interaction(J_(AB)0) and antiferromagnetic interface exchange interaction(J_(AB)0) on the bulk modes was discussed.It is shown that interface exchange interaction will not change the excitation energy of odd bulk modes;the excitation energy of even bulk modes has a cention regulation with the variation of interface exchange interaction:when J_(AB)0, the excitation energy of even bulk modes increases with the increase of interface exchange interaction;when J_(AB)0,the excitation energy of even bulk modes decreases with the decrease of interface exchange interaction.


In recent decades notions such as civil society, social movements or social mobilization and collective action are leading discourses that challenge power. In the various expressions of society's intervention in public affairs that have been occurring in recent decades in Latin America, "participation" is the keyword used by those who are positioned in the left as well as by the ones who are positioned in the right side of the political spectrum. Therefore, it is evident that there is a semantic dispute around this polysemic concept and that is why we intend to contribute to this debate. The article explores whether the use of the term participation makes reference to the same phenomenon or refers usually to very different processes. Are these differences of degree or are they substantive? We start our paper introducing some theoretical digressions on the notion of participation, such as citizen participation (articulation between citizens and the State), social participation (from society), participation within political parties, and participation in collective actions. Finally, we include some empirical references about participatory practices promoted by the State in Latin America in the past two decades.  Key words: social participation, social movements, Latin America.


Auto•No•Mo'•Us: Addressing the Totality of the Driverless Car. By multiple authors, Car and Driver , November 2017, http://bit.ly/ 2ASoumr . The feature story of this issue devotes 42 pages to the driverless vehicle. This collection was edited by the iconoclast Malcolm Gladwell, author of The Tipping Point. Seventeen authors contributed to the series with titles such as "How Safe Is Safe Enough?"; "Man Versus Machine: Before Computers Master the Art of Driving, They Need to Become More Human"; and "Can a Connected Car Ever Be Safe From Hacking?" The lead article, "What Happens When We Give Up Control of Our Cars? A History of Unintended Consequences," by Gladwell, describes how "the new class of electronically directed vehicles is the opposite of autonomous: is a return to the idea that we are better off leaving the task of driving to a third-party." Autonomous vehicles are not really autonomous but depend on a network of rules, regulations, and expectations. Gladwell views the current generation of high school students as "viewing the automobile trip as a social setting within which mechanical demands become a distraction, a nuisance, and possibly even an embarrassment." Perhaps reflecting the view of the typical reader of Car and Driver , he concludes with "Heaven help us." "In How Safe Is Safe Enough?" Tom Vanderbilt uses National Highway Traffic Safety Administration data to demonstrate " that a significant percentage of crashes isn't caused by human error." He notes that "driverless vehicles, marketed as a correction to human error, will have to overcome our low threshold for betrayal [by the manufacturer and system developer]."


Within the adult mammalian ovary, angiogenesis is associated with development of the corpus luteum (CL). In this study, developing luteal tissue was examined to determine whether its vascularization involves endothelial cell replication and to what extent this proliferation contributes to forming new capillaries. Five rats each at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, and 96 hr of gestation were given a subcutaneous injection of tritiated thymidine (specific activity 5 Ci/M; 1 uCi/g body weight). One hour later they were anesthetised with sodium pentobarbitone, and the left ovary was processed for light microscopy. Sections were cut through each ovary until three newly formed CL were recognized; a 1‐μ section was taken from the maximum diameter of each CL and processed for autoradiographic demonstration of thymidine labeling in endothelial cell nuclei. The same sections were also examined with stereological techniques to quantitate growth of the vascular compartment. The results show that 36.1 ± 5.7% of endothelial cells of invading capillary sprouts divide within 12 hr of ovulation; at 24 hr, 29.0 ± 2.8% are dividing. Within 12 hr after ovulation, blood vessels occupied 5.9 ± 1.4% of the peripheral space of the ruptured follicle but only 1.6 ± 0.5% in the center. However, by 36 hr these respective values were 9.3 ± 1.6% and 8.4 ± 1.9% A further peak in endothelial‐cell replication (31.2 ± 5.4%), early on the 3rd day of gestation, corresponded to the very extensive anastomoses within the capillary bed established between this time (13.6% vascularity) and late on the 4th day (about 23%). We conclude that replication of endothelial cells from capillary sprouts accounts for substantial angiogenesis in the developing CL. Labeling in endothelium of the developing CL and the capsule surrounding the CL were greater than in CL of previous cycles and vessels within the ovarian stroma. This finding supports the view that there may be some local control of endothelial‐cell replication.


A DC power support strategy utilizes the flexibility of a High-voltage direct-current (HVDC) system in power modulation to optimize the operating point or compensate the power imbalance caused by a disturbance. The major impediment to the strategy is the difficulty in maintaining DC voltage values at converter stations during the process of DC power support. To overcome the difficulty, a coordinated DC power support strategy for multi-infeed HVDC systems is proposed in this paper. Synchronous condensers are employed to provide dynamic reactive power compensation in sustaining DC voltage values at converter stations. Models are built for the optimal leading phase operation and adjusting excitation voltage reference value of synchronous condensers. Multiple HVDC links are coordinated to participate by using the DC power support factor to rank and select the links. Optimal DC power support values of the participating HVDC links are obtained with a comprehensive stability margin index that accounts for transient stability of the sending-end systems and frequency security of the receiving-end systems. An optimal load shedding model is used to ensure the frequency security of receiving-end systems. Case study results of a provincial power system in China demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed DC power support strategy.


If the universe has a nontrivial shape (topology) the sky may show multiple correlated images of cosmic objects. These correlations can be couched in terms of distance correlations. We propose a statistical quantity which can be used to reveal the topological signature of any Robertson–Walker (RW) spacetime with nontrivial topology. We also show through computer-aided simulations how one can extract the topological signatures of flat, elliptic, and hyperbolic RW universes with nontrivial topology.


The frequency of 16qhk among 2,548 individuals in various psychiatric institutions was 1.2 per 1,000, compared with 1.0 per 1,000 in 6,164 individuals found in the general population.


Hal Foster begins his book with what he calls an 'origin story' and a suitably extraordinary one it is. Drawn from Andre Breton's reminiscences in Entretiens, the memory of an incident is introduced as if it were a fragment of repressed material, the force of which, as Hal Foster points out, has not only been effectively forgotten in the literature of Surrealism but also edited out by Breton himself in his account of Surrealism as a move-


This paper focuses on the service mode change of University Library in the era of big data. Through the analysis of AHP, this paper holds that although university library belongs to the most traditional information management unit, it also experiences the information revolution. University library is playing a more and more important role in scientific research and teaching.


Lilium davidii var.unicolor Salisb raw polysaccharides were extracted from Lilium davidii var.unicolor Salisb by distilled water.The Lilium davidii var.unicolor Salisb polysaccharides were isolated through deproteinization by papain and savage.Seleno-Lilium davidii var.unicolor Salisb polysaccharides(Seleno-LP) were prepared by employing sodium selenite which hydrolyze generation of(HO)(Se)[ZJLX,S;Y]O(OH) to modify the LP under the catalysis of nitric acid-barium chloride.The favor reaction conditions were at 70℃ for 10 hours in the 0.5%(v/v) nitric acid.The selenic content of seleno-polysaccharide determined by ICP-AES was 0.784mg/g.The title products were characterized by Ultraviolet spectra、Laser-Raman spectrum and differential thermal analysis(DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis(TG).We come to the conclusion that Se exist in the form of Se=O in the title products.


Student initiatives for climate justice are driving forces in the climate change debate, but the psychological determinants of students' engagement for climate justice have hardly been investigated so far. For this study, we posited student engagement for climate justice to be a form of collective action and analyzed psychological determinants of collective action as well as subjective processes of change in these determinants. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with four individuals who were engaged in different student initiatives. The results of a qualitative content analysis showed that student collective action for climate justice as reported by the respondents reinforced some of the psychological conditions of collective action established in the literature, such as collective and participatory self-efficacy expectations and feelings of fear and anger. We also found, however, that (first-time) participation in collective action cannot be fully explained by those known predictors. A sense of responsibility, awareness of problems, and extrinsic motives, such as social contact, were also conducive to participation, whereas politicized collective identities did not play a significant role. Finally, we discuss the results against the background of existing theoretical considerations and outline implications for further psychological study of collective action.


Abstract : Dover Air Force Base (DAFB) is located in Kent County, Delaware. The base is situated 3.5 miles southeast of the center of Dover, Delaware, the state capital. The base covers approximately 3,902 acres of land area including annexes, easements, and leased property. Dover AFB has two active airfields. The north-south airfield at Dover AFB divides the main Base into two primary sections. Open space, recreational areas, and limited amounts of industrial uses are located east of the airfield. The land uses west of the airfield and east of U.S. Route 113 are industrial, airfield operations, administrative, community, medical, and some unaccompanied personnel housing. Eagle Heights Military Family House (MFH), temporary lodging quarters, a golf course, and additional unaccompanied personnel housing are located west of U.S. Route 113 and east of St. Jones River. The surrounding areas consist primarily of cropland and wetlands, with the Saint Jones River running adjacent to the southwestern comer of the base. The proposed project identified in the AF Form 813 would relocate the 45K square foot Aircraft Outdoor Washrack. A new 355K square foot Air Freight Terminal is going to built and the current washrack is within the footprint of the new Air Freight Terminal. The current washrack is located on impervious surface (asphalt) and is located just west of the airfield. The proposed site location is north of the current location between facilities 706 and 711, just west of the airfield, and is asphalted.


The effect of shear on the crystallization behavior of the poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) has been investigated by means of ex situ wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), small-angle X-ray scattering, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The changes of the intensity of WAXD patterns along shear direction of the PEEK induced by short-term shear were observed when the samples crystallized at 330 degrees C. The results showed that the dimensions of the crystallites perpendicular to the (110) and (111) planes reduced with the increase of shear rate, whereas the dimensions of the crystallites perpendicular to (200) plane increased with the increase of shear rate. Moreover, increasing shear rate can lead to the increase of the crystallinity as well as the average thickness of the crystalline layers. Correspondingly, a new melting peak at higher temperature was found during the subsequent DSC scanning when the shear rate was increased to 30 s(-1). (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 220-225, 2010


We investigate the effect of the trapping potential on the quantum phases of strongly correlated ultracold bosons in one-dimensional periodic and quasiperiodic optical lattices. By means of a decoupling meanfield approach, we characterize the ground state of the system and its behavior under variation of the harmonic trapping, as a function of the total number of atoms. For a small atom number the system shows an incompressible Mott-insulating phase, as the size of the cloud remains unaffected when the trapping potential is varied. When the quasiperiodic potential is added the system develops a metastable-disordered phase which is neither compressible nor Mott insulating. This state is characteristic of quasidisorder in the presence of a strong trapping potential.


PURPOSE: A light emitting device and a lighting apparatus are provided to control the light distribution of a light emitting device using a liquid crystal layer. CONSTITUTION: A body(10) has a cavity(25,35). A lead frame(21,31) is arranged in the cavity. A light emitting chip is arranged in the lead frame. A molding material(81) is arranged in the cavity and protects the light emitting chip. A control unit(90) is arranged on the molding material and controls the direction angle of the light emitted from the molding material according to the difference in supply voltage.


Malignant mesothelioma is a fatal type of neoplasia of the pleura and the peritoneum with currently no known cure. Therefore, discovery of an efficient antimesothelioma drug with low deleterious side effects is desirable. Here, we studied in vivo the effect of α‐tocopheryl succinate, a semisynthetic vitamin E analogue with proapoptotic and anticancer activity and selectivity for malignant cells, on experimental peritoneal mesothelioma using immunocompromised mice. Compared to untreated animals, the agent increased their survival >3‐fold. Our finding warrants further testing of vitamin E analogues as potential antimesothelioma drugs. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


[Objective] To explore the clinical value of modified minilaparotomy hysterectomy with combined spinal epidural anesthesia.[Methods] 164 cases with benign gynecological disease who underwent modified minilaparotomy hysterectomy or traditional hysterectomy with combined spinal epidural anesthesia were analyzed retrospectively.The effects of anesthesia and operation such as abdominal muscle relaxation,operation time,blood loss,complications,postoperative analgesia and the recovery time were observed.[Results] The combined spinal epidural anesthesia brought advantages of low narcotic dosage,fast onset,preferable abdominal muscle relaxation and postoperative analgesia.Meanwhile,the modified minilaparotomy hysterectomy was better than traditional abdominal hysterectomy in aspect of shorter operation time,quicker recovery,less blood loss and postoperative morbidity,few impact on vaginal length and sexual life.[Conclusion] The modified minilaparotomy hysterectomy with combined spinal epidural anesthesia is superior to the traditional abdominal surgery,which should be promoted as a mini-invasive modality of hysterectomy.


Assessment must be made in light of particular crimes. Thus, corporate criminal liability for homicide should be assessed in terms of its effectiveness to deter corporate conduct likely to endanger human life. Moreover, the impact of liability must be analyzed in terms of the particular sphere of the corporate milieu producing the illegal act. In conducting this analysis in the context of the Pinto case, it should be noted that State v. Ford Motor Co. presents issues which transcend those of existing precedents. Prior indictments of corporations for homicide resulted from acts of corporate agents performed within the scope of employment. The engineer recklessly operating the train or a repairman recklessly installing a gas pipe, are examples of the norm. The prosecution of Ford, however, occurs in a completely different setting. Ford's alleged illegal conduct is comprised of three acts: (1) defectively designing the vehicle, (2) defectively manufacturing the vehicle, and (3) allowing the vehicle to remain on the public highways.9' Each of these acts is the product of a complex business decision. Both the design and manufacture of automobiles are subject to extensive federal regulation. 2 Rigorous testing precedes marketing. Defects discovered after sale to the public may involve recalls, either voluntary or compulsory.9" Therefore, the Pinto which exploded on August 10, 1978, was the product of many substantial business decisions occurring at various levels of the corporate hierarchy. The deterrent effect of corporate liability for criminal homicide, therefore, must be assessed by the effect of conviction on this decision-making process. The maximum penalty which can be imposed on a corporation convicted under the Indiana reckless homicide statute is a $10,000 fine.94 The effectiveness 88 See generally Coleman, supra note 15, at 919. 89 Id. 90 Id. 91 State v. Ford Motor Co., No. 5324 (Indictment at 1). 92 See, e.g., National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966, 15 U.S.C. §§ 13811431 (1976). 93 See 15 U.S.C. §§ 1411-1420 (1976). 94 IND. CODE § 35-50-2-6 (Supp. 1978). [June 1979]


Abstract : Supervisor's ratings of individual workers were related to the central life interests (CLI) of the workers. The group of workers who had a job oriented CLI received the highest ratings from their supervisors among the three CLI groups on initiative and application, cooperation, and quantity of work and were rated low on adaptability. The reverse pattern held for workers with a non-job CLI. Implications of these findings are discussed for their utility in interpreting supervisor's orientations in making performance evaluations, as they relate to the characteristics of the rating system.


Background: We recently demonstrated that biallelic as well as monoallelic loss of the DNA damage response (DDR) gene BRCA2 in prostate cancer (PC) cell lines and mCRPC organoids leads to an aggressive form of PC and early androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) resistance (Chakraborty et al.). Clinical studies have established that DDR deficiency is generally associated with a poor prognosis. Very recently, immunohistochemical analysis of mCRPC patient samples by Paschalis et al. revealed that defects in DDR genes (in particular BRCA2 and ATM) are associated with increased prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA; folate hydrolase, FOLH1) expression on the cell membrane. PSMA expression can be measured non-invasively in pre-clinical models and human subjects using one of the several positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents such as [68Ga]-PSMA11 or [124I]-MSK-PSMA11 that are being evaluated in pre-clinical and/or clinical setting. Therefore, we hypothesized that upregulation of PSMA expression can be a marker for BRCA2 loss and this increased expression can be quantified using PET agents both in vitro and in vivo. Experimental design: We investigated the effect of BRCA2 deletion on PSMA expression in the castration sensitive human PC cell line LNCaP at the transcriptional and translational level and quantified the changes using saturation binding assays with [124I]-MSK-PSMA11. Using CRISPR-Cas9 and RNAi-based methods, we silenced BRCA2 in the castration sensitive cell line LNCaP and evaluated its effect on PSMA at the transcriptional and translational level. We carried out saturation binding assay using [124I]-MSK-PSMA11 to measure changes in cell surface PSMA receptor density. Results:BRCA2 knockout was achieved successfully using CRISPR-Cas9 based methods. Immunoblotting analysis revealed that BRCA2 loss resulted in a significant increase in PSMA levels when compared to control LNCaP cell line. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed this obervation. Cell binding assays demonstrated that BRCA2 null LNCaP cell lines have about 5-6 fold higher uptake of the PET tracer [124I]-MSK-PSMA11. We will be conducting in vivo studies to demonstrate that BRCA2 deletion leads to a significant increase in PSMA signal in mice xenograft models. Conclusions: Our results indicate that BRCA2 silencing leads to significant upregulation of PSMA expression in PC cell lines, which can be imaged using a PSMA targeted PET tracer. These studies were partly supported by DOD-PCRP-Grant # W81XWH-19-1-0536 and PCF Young Investigator Award to Goutam Chakraborty. References: Chakraborty G et al. Clin Can Res 2019 DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-1570; Paschalis A et al. Eur Urol. 2019 Oct; 76(4): 469-478. Citation Format: Teja Kalidindi, Sang Gyu Lee, Heiko Schoder, Lina E. Jehanae, Rahim Hirani, Goutam Chakraborty, Philip W. Kantoff, Naga Vara Kishore Pillarsetty. Non-invasive imaging tool to predict BRCA2 silencing in the context of prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 1650.


If we think of recognition as the practical relation consciously enacted by concerned individual subjects as social actors, which allows them to fulfil their intersubjectively valid social roles, this by no means exhausts the significance that recognition is accorded by Hegel. In fact the problem of recognition is central to the understanding and evaluation of Hegel's metaphysical system. Thus a close scrutiny of the presentation of self-consciousness in Phenomenology of Spirit and the interpretative difficulties it poses leads on to the question of the subject and Hegel's distinction between finite, accidental individuals and the true subject in his system: the concept of Spirit, understood not as a separate entity but as a system of relations, objectified in the historical forms of the Absolute Spirit. But what is the price of Hegel's metaphysics of subjectivity? Hegelian recognition signifies the recognition by individuals of recognition in its truth, that is, the self-recognition by finite individuals that they participate in Spirit as the true universal subject to the degree that they recognize their shared world of actions as the world of their own making. Modernity is therefore defined for Hegel as the recognition and realization of 'conscious freedom', whose telos lies in the actualization of universal reciprocal recognition that brings the unfreedom of history to an end. The idea of freedom and the thesis of the 'end of history' remain, however, the preserve of the thinking few. Hegelian recognition and with it Hegel's whole metaphysical system founders on the rock of finitude, on the unfreedom of finite human beings.


Context Although recent studies have demonstrated that tissue requesters' behavior during conversations about tissue donation affects consent rates, the link between requesters' behavior and consent rates remains unclear. Objective To examine whether positive/collaborative requester behaviors elicit complementary behaviors from next of kin who were initially undecided about their willingness to donate their deceased family member's tissues. Design Audio recordings of requests were coded to assess for interpersonal behavior of each interactant. Setting Audio recordings were gathered from a national sample of tissue banks. Participants One hundred and two requester–next-of-kin dyads, consisting of 102 relatives and 53 requesters. Main Outcome Measures Tissue requester and next-of-kin affiliation and interpersonal control were assessed. Tissue requesters' persuasion, confirmation (eg, approval, empathy, reassurance) and disapproval, as well as next-of-kin approval and disapproval, were examined. Results Tissue requesters and next of kin tended to match one another on affiliation and complement one another on interpersonal control. "Key topics," which may affect the next of kin's decision, are discussed in only about one-third of requests. Next of kin were less affiliative and more disapproving when requesters were also more disapproving. Interpersonal behavior of the tissue requester, such as affiliation, statements of disapproval, and persuasion, as well as discussion of key topics, was a significant predictor of the interpersonal behavior of the next of kin. Conclusions Positive requester behaviors elicited a positive response from undecided next of kin. Because many next of kin have limited knowledge about tissue donation before the request, the communication process may affect the next of kin's perceptions of donation and thus affect the likelihood of consent. Findings could potentially inform communication skills training for tissue requesters; future research could examine effects of such training on consent rates.


Objective: The efficacy of nutrition education on body weight and serum lipids has not yet been described in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). In the present study, we examined the effect of a 7-month nutrition education program on lipid profile and body weight in individuals with SCI. Design: Randomized clinical trial. Setting: A tertiary rehabilitation center. Participants: Patients with SCI who were referred to Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center. Intervention: The nutrition education program consisted of 5 education sessions during a period of 7 months. Outcome measures: Body weight and serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measure at the beginning of the trial and after 7 months. Two-way repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. Results: Total of 57 patients (27 in control group and 30 in education group) participated. Nutrition education program showed no significant effect on the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C (P: 0.224, 0.172, 0.107 and 0.081, respectively). No significant changes in weight and waist circumflex have been observed as well (P: 0.970 and 0.361, respectively). Conclusion: Our findings do not support a significant influence of nutrition education program on weight and lipid profile. It seems that the nutrition education program alone is not adequately effective to have beneficial influence on weight and lipid profile. Clinical trial registration No.: IRCT201406215968N3


The low-carbon economy is an economic model based on low energy consumption, low pollution and low emissions. According to some research, a low-carbon economy model can have a significant impact on a company's competitiveness. However, there are two different types of views on the relationship between environmental regulation and corporate competitiveness. This study uses a method of testing multiple mediations that can explain many complex internal mechanisms in the field of organizational behavior science. The results show that the low carbon economy has a positive effect on technology innovation, and this effect will influence enterprise competitiveness through sustainable development. We also found that the compound multiple mediation model has an advantage in explaining the problems involved with low carbon economy and enterprise competitiveness.


-The Government of Canada, the Government of the United Mexican States and the Government of the United States of America, resolved to: . . . ESTABLISH clear . . . rules governing their trade . . . --North American Free Trade Agreement, Preamble ¶ 61-[B]inational panel review . . . does not create either a new source of U.S. law or a new (and potentially divergent) interpretation of U.S. [antidumping] . . . law in cases on Canadian products. Given the . . . fact that panels must apply U.S. law . . . we anticipate consistency between panel and court decisions.-Jean Anderson, U.S. Department of Commerce Attorney2-From a legal perspective . . . [Chapter 19] panel[s] are strictly circumscribed. [They are] governed by precedents of . . . the Federal Circuit when reviewing an International Trade Administration or U.S. International Trade Commission final determination.-Michael H. Greenberg, former Chapter 19 Chairman3INTRODUCTIONOn November 28, 2007, a binational panel, created under Chapter 19 of the North American Free Trade Agreement (-NAFTA)4 issued a decision in Carbon and Certain Alloy Steel Wire Rod From Canada (-Wire Rod).5 The Wire Rod panel broke with NAFTA's unambiguous directives by incorrectly discerning the applicable standard of review in ruling against the U.S. Department of Commerce (-Commerce).6 The panel's reasoning circumvented what should have been binding U.S. law and NAFTA's text, and further convoluted an already inconsistent body of Chapter 19 decisions.7The Wire Rod case concerned the trade issues of dumping and zeroing. In international trade, dumping occurs when a company sells an export for less than its fair value in the importing market, attempting to corner that particular market.8 To combat this, the importing state may impose tariffs known as antidumping duties.9 Zeroing10 was a former U.S. pricing policy used by Commerce whereby any exports sold above the domestic fair value of that product are not factored into antidumping duty calculations.11 Zeroing was controversial because it often culminated in drastically increased export duties for foreign manufacturers.12 Despite a vast body of international jurisprudence outlawing zeroing, U.S. courts sanctioned the practice.13Under NAFTA Chapter 19, a petitioner14 alleging injury from Commerce's antidumping calculations may request a review by a binational panel in lieu of domestic judicial review in the U.S.15 NAFTA, while an international legal instrument, instructs its Chapter 19 panels to apply the importing party's domestic antidumping law.16 Despite this clear directive however, the Wire Rod majority discerned an incorrect standard of review by disregarding then-binding U.S. antidumping and zeroing jurisprudence and citing in error to World Trade Organization (-WTO) antidumping law over U.S. law in holding for the Petitioner.17This Comment addresses the Wire Rod holding and argues that the majority's ruling was incorrect due to unsound treaty interpretation, misapplication of WTO law, and disregard for controlling U.S. jurisprudence. Despite Commerce's recent decision to abandon the zeroing methodology entirely, the focus of this Comment is to underscore the ambiguous language of NAFTA with respect to Chapter 19 antidumping reviews. Part II of this Comment discusses the international legal significance of dumping and zeroing.18 Part II also outlines U.S. antidumping law and its administration, as well as the relationship of WTO jurisprudence to U.S. law.19 Additionally, Part II explains NAFTA's method for resolving antidumping disputes under Chapter 19, and discusses several U.S. legal doctrines that aid Chapter 19 panels in determining U.S. international legal obligations.20 Part II concludes with a summary of the Wire Rod decision, focusing on the underlying facts and key parts of the majority's reasoning.21 Part III argues that the Wire Rod holding was incorrect because the majority incorrectly ascertained the proper standard of review by misinterpreting NAFTA. …


OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the survival benefit associated with moderate alcohol use remains after accounting for nontraditional risk factors such as socioeconomic status (SES) and functional limitations.


This paper argues that a shift from an intergovernmental form of governance to a supranational regulation form of governance, as is the case of EMU, may not only do away with the efficiencylegitimacy trade-off but also enhance the democratic quality and effectiveness of European governance in the monetary sphere. The emerging role of the European Parliament in enhancing the democratic accountability of decision-making in supranational regulation (monetary policy) may prove quite powerful with respect to avoiding such a trade-off and indeed improving efficiency, transparency and accountability in European governance. It is argued that the democratic accountability of governance in the EU increased very much as the direct result of the making of EMU, that is, of the democratic delegation of executive powers to the ECB by the European Council and the EU Council of Ministers. That democratic accountability has also been substantially enhanced thanks to the emerging (and still evolving) role of the European Parliament as a principal of the European Central Bank (ECB). That new role of the EP materialised because of the change in the nature of delegation, i.e. the initial principal (the Council) delegated to an agent (the ECB) in order for the agent to control its behaviour in regard to monetary policy. That led to a change in the assignment between agents and principals. The new principal (still in the making one could argue) has also allowed for increased participation in and deliberation on the discussions about the conduct of monetary policy by the ECB, contributing in this way to its greater transparency.


Yogyakarta, 7 Disember - Nearly 100 participants from local and abroad get together for International Manufacturing
Engineering Conference – Asia Pacific Conference on Manufacturing Systems (iMEC-APCOMS) 2017. This year, the main theme address about "Taking the Factories to the Next Level."


Natural biopolymers such as gelatin, agar, agarose, alginate, carrageen, chitin, and chitosan can be produced from marine materials (e.g., gelatin is obtained from fish skin, pork skin, cattle bones, etc; alginates are obtained from seaweed; chitin and chitosan are obtained from shells of shrimps, crabs, and lobsters and bone plates of squids, crayfishes, krill, and cuttlefishes). Among them, chitin and chitosan have been used in various products such as antioxidative agents, bone-healing agent, cholesterol reduction agent, dental enamel de-remineralization, edible film, flocculating agent, growth stimulating agent for plant, hemostatic agent, immune stimulating agent, immobilization of cell, and juice clarification (Nwe et al. 2011). Commercially, chitins and chitosans are produced from biowastes obtained from aquatic organisms, in which the physicochemical characteristics of chitosan are CONTENTS


The activities of two phosphatases (E. C. 18.104.22.168 and 188.8.131.52) and four glycosidases (E.C. 22.214.171.124, 18.104.22.168, 184.108.40.206 and 22.214.171.124) were measured by fluorescence spectrophotometry, and flow cytometry, in mitogenstimulated lymphocytes, and in cultures of Molt‐4‐F and F‐89 cell lines, syncronized by hydroxyurea or thymidine.


The data obtained by Carrizosa and Munuera, which included a 1-olefin/2-olefin ration of 0.5:1 for the 2-butanol reaction on anatase and a cis/trans ratio of 2:1, suggested that an antimode of elimination over a fairly acidic-type catalyst took place. The effects of acid and base strengths and catalyst porosity on the product selectivity in elimination reactions are discussed and illustrated with published data.


This document describes a new architecture that exploits semantic Web technologies for supporting pervasive context-aware systems. This architecture called context broker architecture (CobrA) differs from other architectures in using the Web ontology language OWL for modelling ontologies of context and for supporting context reasoning. Central to our architecture is a broker agent that maintains a shared model of context for all computing entities in the space and enforces the privacy policies defined by the users when sharing their contextual information. We describe the use of CoBrA, its associated ontologies, and its privacy protection mechanism in an intelligent meeting room prototype.


If one were asked to name the most dynamic force in the known uni v rse, he might grope for some time before he mad a hesitant choice, wavering between such imponderables as the power of the sun and the energy hidden within the atom. His reluctant choice in any event would probably be wrong?for the most powerful force known to man still is an idea. Again and again it has been the occasional forceful idea that has been followed to remake and reshape the world we know. Some of these ideas have been good. Some have been wrong or misguided. Some have burst upon the world with disturbing force. Others have had to grow, to be nurtured, before they were recognized as great. Mellon Institute is the story of an idea, evolved in the brain of one man, an idea that gripped the minds of other men, who gave it their support and helped it to grow, so that today it stands accepted by all industry and science as a living force. Fifty-five years ago, in 1906, Dr. Robert Kennedy Duncan, while attending the Sixth International Con gress of Applied Chemistry in Rome, developed his idea which seems simple as we regard it today. It was, briefly put, to be an understanding partnership between American industry and science. Fie arranged for the first Industrial Fellowship at the University of Kansas on January 1, 1907. It brought results. His views attracted attention and industrial interest. In 1910 he was called to the University of Pittsburgh to estab lish a similar research department. Mellon Institute was established in 1913 but, unfortunately, Dr. Duncan died in 1914. Before the Institute was established, Andrew W. Mellon and Richard B. Mellon saw the merit of scientific research for the benefit of mankind through the development of industry. In general, however, American industries of that day were not applying scientific research for the solu tion of their problems. Nor were these industries fully aware of what such research might mean to them. The Institute was established for the purpose of giving this aid. This venture of scientific research very soon proved its value. New industries, new materials, and new processes came into being. Industries and the whole estate of man benefited. Yet the Founders saw beyond these results. It seemed to them that there were needed researches in science that would have a more direct relation to human welfare, which might also advance our basic knowledge of technology. Such fundamen tal work was started, and the entire program through these many years has been sustained by the surviving members of the Founders' families. Their policy has been to place greater emphasis on basic research, and 29


Abstract This is a time of change and real development for creative writing at A level. Whilst it has been an important part of English Language and English Language & Literature A level specifications for some time, its presence within English Literature has been marginal, and is an option that has rarely been adopted by teachers of the subject. Recent changes to English Literature specifications, however, mean that creative writing (along with recreative and transformative writing) now exists in a much more formalised way on all A level English Literature specifications. As the largest of the three A level Englishes, this is a significant development. The advent of creative writing in English Literature makes this an important issue in teachers' Continuing Professional Development (Green, 2008) and raises important questions for the teaching body in schools and lecturers in further education. What is the role of creative writing in teaching literature? How do creative and analytical writing relate to each other? What is the relationship between creative writing and reading? This paper offers an initial response to these and other issues, and suggests some of the ways in which creative writing can be used both in its own right and to enhance the study of English Literature at A level.


In this paper, we present a device-physics-based noise margin (NM)/logic swing (LS) model of surrounding-gate (SRG) MOSFET working on subthreshold CMOS logic gates. Based on the device physics and equivalent transistor model, theoretical analysis of the main dc parameters, including LS and NM for SRG MOSFET operating in low-voltage condition, is revealed. It is shown that the device parameters, such as the thick silicon thickness tsi, thick gate oxide thickness tox, and short channel length Lg, can severely degrade the LS and NM. On the contrary, both the small subthreshold slope η and balanced transistor strength S induced by device parameters can suppress the NM and LS degradation efficiently. The required minimum supply voltage Vdd,min for the subthreshold CMOS logic gate is derived by the criterion of the NM ≥ KT/q to ensure the correct logic gate operation. Being similar to DIBL, both NM and LS degraded by the device parameters can also be uniquely determined and controlled by the scaling factor according to scaling theory. Finally, considerations on the impact of process/voltage/temperature variation are also included for NM/LS behavior analysis.


Scallops swim by rythmic opening and closing of the valves. Water ejected from the mantle cavity during closing of the valves generates thrust that propels the animal. The closing phase is powered by contraction of adduction muscles, whereas refilling is powered by energy stored in elastic material (abductin) compressed during the closing phase. This paper examines the physics of these oscillations. A model is developed to represent the oscillations with a second-order linear differential equation with constant coefficients. Values for the constants are measured experimentally or estimated from simple engineering principles. The system is forced by a function that represents the contraction of the adductor muscle, in this case a Fourier series defining a half wave rectified sine wave. The response of the system shows that there is a resonance at a frequency that is within the range of frequencies at which the animals swim. This implies that scallops may swim at the resonant frequency of the shell–hinge sy...


The customer resource is the basic guarantee of operation period to create benefit,and customers to maintain good relations of cooperation enterprise is also the key problem to be resolved.The establishment of customer relationship management system can be more efficient service to customers,has analyzed the data mining application in customer relationship management system related problems.


By Haijuan Huang University of the Pacific 2019 Attachment theory states that emotion regulation is one of the central features of attachment system. The current study adopted an attachment perspective to investigate how mother-child attachment at 36 months and teacher-child relationships at 54 months influence children's emotion regulation in 3 rd grade, and whether teacher-child relationships moderate the associations between mother-child attachment and children's emotion regulation. Longitudinal data from the first three phases of the National Institute of Child Health and Human development Early Child Care Research Network of Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (NICHD SECCYD) were used in the study. The results showed that the association of teacher-child conflict and child's negative engagement with peers was statistically significant. Additionally, teacher-child relationships significantly moderated the impacts of mother-child attachment on children's emotion regulation. Specifically, the relationship between teacher-child conflict and negative engagement with peers for children with secure attachment and for those with disorganized attachment were in opposite directions. The relationship between teacher-child closeness and negative engagement with peers was significant for children with disorganized 6 attachment, but not for children with secure attachment. And, the results showed that the levels of conflict in teacher-child relationships for children with ambivalent and with disorganized attachment were statistically different from those for children with secure attachment. The present study fills in the research gap with regard to the effects of teacher-child relationships on children's emotion regulation. It also suggests that children's experiences of positive teacher-child relationships may compensate for the negative impacts of insecure early mother-child attachment patterns on emotion regulation development.


In this paper, the spinning process of air jet vortex spinning was described. The structure of air jet vortex spun yarn was studied by means of blending tracer fibers in spinning. Then the yarns were viewed with the optical microscope and SEM etc. The result shows that air jet vortex spun yarn comprises two parts. The outer layer, composed of twisted fibers, presents helical form. And the inner layer contains about 30% fibers untwisted or slackly twisted. The distance between twisted fiber groups is very short, so the borderline isnt obvious. There is a certain angle between core fibers in parallel and the axes of the yarn. The coefficient of fiber migration of the yarn was calculated, and it is lower than that of ring spun yarn and compact spun yarn.


With Papaya line of solo Ⅱ as receptor,278 bp fragment of Papaya ringspot virus coat protein (PRSV-CP)gene was transferred by pollen-tube pathway,which flowers were dealed with plasmid DNA (187 of flowers)and Agrobacterium bacilli(232 of flowers). Thousands of seeds were gotten from 105 and 30 transferred fruits,which fruit rates were 56.15 percent and 12.93 percent respectively. With seed being sowed in greenhouses,each 100 seeds gotten from 8 kinds of transferred receptors were selected randomly, seedling rates of 61% and 60% were obtained separately. T1 plantlets were analyzed by PCR,which results showed that positive rates of transgenic plants were 50.54 percent and 51.22 percent,respectively.


INTRODUCTIONThrough centuries, composers have mostly lived for more than 60 years, but some of them - leading a turbulent and exhausting life as well as being sensitive and of failing health - became mostly ill of tuberculosis, other infections, epidemics (plague), inflammations, intoxications or succumbed to murders, accidents - drowning, anxieties - depressions, with suicides, dependences and other diseases, circulatory disorders, malignancies - surgeries, etc. In that case, their life expectancy was thirty or less. Our focus is on the most eminent 10 composers who died young and we shortly comment on their illnesses.1"810 FAMOUS COMPOSERSGiovanni Battista Pergolesi (1710-1736) Pergolesi was not a healthy person in his early years; he led a very active social life but had to withdraw from those activities because of his illness-tuberculosis. He received his final treatment and care in Pozzuoli monastery, where he died. Just before his death, he wrote some sacral music, such as »Stabat mater« and »Salve regina«. He was aware of his illness and therefore he didn't want to get married. He could have become one of the world's biggest composers. Maybe only Schubert and Mozart have given more in 26 years.Franz Schubert (1797-1828) Due to his drinking habits, he was nicknamed »little sponge«. He was not a typical alcoholic. By chance, after one of his casual »intimate contacts«, he was infected with syphilis in 1823. He suffered from syphilis, a disease with very unpleasant symptoms in the second phase, with itchy swellings and eczema all over the body and the loss of hair. He was admitted for treatment to Vienna General Hospital. In 1828, at the age of 31, he suffered from vertigo - dizziness and headache (hangovers?). Suddenly, after two to three weeks he died from an unexpected acute disease - typhoid fever.9Vincenzo Bellini (1801-1835) For several years he was having uncharacteristic gastrointestinal troubles which cor- respond with »chronic« intestinal amoebiasis, i.e. that very clinical picture which is in all Mediterranean regions most commonly found. His last illness, because of which he died within several weeks, started after some rather large and long - lasting exertions. His terminal illness had the (clinical) picture of the acute dysenteric syndrome. The macroscopic finding at the autopsy also spoke in favour of the afore-mentioned diagnosis of a rather severe amoebiasis and hepatic abscess.10Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756- 1791) Aged 6, 8, 10, 22, 28 and 34 he had bouts of streptococcal throat infection - tonsillitis - rheumatic fever. The last 2 years of Mozart's life were a period of quick deterioration of his health (1789-1791). This was a period of great creativity and exhaustion but also of ever worsening financial status, perhaps because of gambling? During the last 2 months, and especially the last 2 weeks of his life, his health became rapidly worse. Two weeks before his death, he lay in bed. His physicians diagnosed a fever with a rash. They could not save him, just as they could not save so many other people in Vienna at that time (epidemics). Mozart's illness was worse after bloodletting and he died of fever, painful and swollen joints, exanthema and convulsions. The cause of his death was some generalized bacterial infection (coli bacteria, staphylococci, or most probably streptococci). It can explain Schonlein - Hennoch's purpura (benign prognosis), the first attacks of rheumatic fever (very rare at that age with such an outcome), possible endocarditis, toxic scarlet fever and septicaemia.11HENRY PURCELL (1658-1695) In the autumn of 1695, he started being ill and became skinny, so he had to stay in bed, but still, he was trying to work as hard as possible. His condition was getting worse with further weight losing, sweating and coughing with fever. It is believed that he died from tuberculosis, which is very likely considering the symptoms. He died too early - at Mozart's age (36), wanting to obtain as much as possible from his short life by his sociability, hard work and periodical inclination towards pleasure (drinking etc. …


The article describes the metalwork of the Uzuur Gyalan rock burial, popularly known online in 2016 as the «Adidas Mummy». The definitions and chemical composition of the metalware were compared with those of the time in the region. According to the results of the comparative study, the composition of the bronze mirror is very different from other bronze objects. However, bridles, saddle plaques, and ligaments are similar to the main non-ferrous metals in the region, but appear to have local characteristics. Further detailed comparative studies of the chemical composition of non-ferrous metal products in the tenth century are important steps in establishing regional cultural relations.


A dental profile will typically provide information on the deceased's age, ancestry background, sex and socio-economic status. In some instances it is possible to provide additional information regarding occupation, dietary habits, habitual behaviours and occasionally on dental or systemic diseases. In many cases the tentative identification of the individual is unknown and therefore antemortem records cannot be located. In such a situation a dental profile of the individual is developed to aid the search for the individual's identity. With such a profile a forensic odontologist can identify and report indicators for age at time of death, race, and sex. In addition to these parameters the forensic dentist may be able to give more insight into the individual. This paper reviews for the non-expert, some of the additional personal information that can be derived from the teeth of the deceased, and which may assist in their ultimate identification.


Results of tracking spring migration of birds from the permanent observation post in the lower reaches of the Ussuri River in 2005 are presented. Data collected from April, 1 to May, 11 include bird arrival dates, terms of flight of 82 bird species belonging to 12 groups. In absolute figures 32273 individual birds were registered. The research revealed that Baikal Teal (Anas formosa), Common Merganser (Mergus merganser), Common Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus), Eurasian Skylark (Alauda arvensis), White Wagtail (Motacilla alba), Snow Bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis) are the highest in number in the migratory flow structure.


Background and Purpose. Practices for patient lifting and transfers in the physical therapy profession have begun to shift from traditional manual methods with a focus on body mechanics to more equipment‐assisted patient lifting and transfer techniques. These processes are collectively known as safe patient handling (SPH), which has been shown to better protect against injuries for both the patient and the therapist. The purpose of this study was to examine physical therapist students' attitudes and intentions toward advocacy for SPH in practice through their education. Subjects. Student physical therapists (PTs) enrolled in programs in the United States (US) accredited by the Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE) who had been educated in patient transfer skills. Methods. A pilot form of the survey was used to gain feedback from second‐year physical therapy students to establish face and content validity. Physical therapy program directors were sent an email link for their students to access a 50‐item electronic survey that consisted of 4 sections of 7‐point Likert scale questions pertaining to attitudes and intentions regarding patient handling and transfer education, their education and training in their physical therapist education program, and techniques used during their clinical education. A section of forced‐choice questions regarding the type of patient handling education they received and demographic questions were also included. Five hypotheses developed from the theory of reasoned action (TRA) were tested using bootstrap mediation analysis. Results. Participants (n = 291) represented 23% of CAPTE accredited programs, as well as 54% of states in the US and Puerto Rico. All hypotheses were supported, indicating: (1) SPH didactic training impacts SPH behaviors through the subject's attitude toward SPH, (2) SPH classroom training impacts SPH leadership expectations through the subject's attitude toward SPH, (3) the link between clinical training and SPH was mediated by the subject's attitude toward SPH, and (4) clinical training impacts a subject's SPH leadership expectations through his or her attitudes toward SPH. Discussion and Conclusion. Results reinforce previous findings that the TRA model is applicable in health professions research. Student PTs receiving didactic SPH education and training were more likely to express attitudes toward assuming a leadership role in advocacy for SPH in clinical practice.


In this paper we argue that the opposition is a key actor to be taken into account to
explain deficit outcomes. If governments are in legislative minority, they will have to
bargain with the opposition, including when having to pass the annual budget law. We
concentrate on one specific aspect of the latter, namely the financing method, and argue
that the interests of the opposition on deficits shall be reflected in the annual deficit
results. We develop a theoretical framework in which the opposition faces a trade-off. It
has a short term interest in deficits because they can weaken governments, but a long
term aversion to them because, as likely future government holders, they will possibly
have to deal with the burden of increased debt. We prove empirically that opposition
parties will affect deficit outcomes depending on their probability to rule in the next
term and on the ability they have to weaken a current government with a deficit. We
also find that after the mid-nineties results change, pointing at a higher contextual
deficit-aversion constraining domestic politics reflected, for instance, in the Maastricht
criteria.


Optical absorption investigation in a silicate glass before and after gamma irradiation was performed in the range 350–800 nm to study the induced colour centres to evaluate this potential as radiation‐sensitive material for dose measurements. The radiation induced bands are observed around 410 and 600 nm leading. The intensities of the overall absorption spectra are observed to increase progressively with increasing doses between 1 and 1200 kGy. The influence of isothermal annealing on the formation and the decay of the induced colour centres has been investigated. The activation energy characteristic of the annealing process was calculated from Arrhenius equation. The obtained values are equal to 0.251 and 0.310 eV for the 410 nm band and 0.261 and 0.353 eV for the 600 nm one. The similarity of these values for both bands suggests that the related optical transitions correspond to the same type of Non‐Bridging‐Oxygen Hole Centres (NBOHCs): (≡Si–O°) in different configurations.


Abstract This study attempts to understand the moderating roles of in-store marketing by incorporating the effects of shopping motivations on repatronage and word-of-mouth intentions in the context of fashion apparel by applying theories related to self-determination and social impact. Structural equation modeling using data collected from young adult fashion apparel shoppers in Thailand reveals positive effects of shopping motivations. The utilitarian shopping motivation shows a greater effect in predicting loyalty intentions than hedonistic shopping motivation. In-store marketing is shown to have a moderating effect on loyalty intentions, although the influence of each moderator on the investigated direct effects varies. The findings can prove helpful to fashion apparel retailers in developing effective advertising and promotional strategies that correspond to the specific needs of the shoppers to promote store loyalty intentions.


OBJECTIVE
To provide family physicians with a practical approach to recognition, assessment, and treatment of adolescent anxiety disorders complicated by avoidance or oppositional behaviour.

QUALITY OF EVIDENCE
Current literature was searched via MEDLINE using the MeSH headings Anxiety and Anxiety Disorders, focusing on epidemiology, clinical presentations in adolescence, and both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment. In addition, internationally accepted diagnostic criteria, current practice guidelines, and recent textbooks by recognized experts were reviewed. Research evidence and consensus recommendations were integrated with a practical approach developed in a provincial mood and anxiety disorders clinic.

MAIN FINDINGS
Anxiety disorders are common in adolescents, with estimated prevalence of at least 10%. Substance abuse and avoiding school are common complications, and irritability with behavioural and rage problems can interfere with effective management. Current controlled research is examining the effectiveness of serotonergic medications known to benefit panic disorder, social phobia, and generalized anxiety in adults. While cognitive and behavioural treatments are effective for some child and adolescent anxiety disorders, they can be difficult to administer, and a supportive and psychoeducational approach could be as effective for those who refuse to go to school.

CONCLUSION
Family physicians' awareness of the role of anxiety in adolescent school avoidance and in intense, oppositional emotional reactions at home can lead to more specific assessment and therapeutic intervention. Practical management strategies are recommended.


We present three-dimensional numerical simulations of convection in a low-Prandtlnumber fluid confined between two infinite horizontal bounding surfaces maintained at constant temperatures. We consider the case of free-slip boundary conditions for a fluid of Prandtl number Pr = 0.2 and that of rigid boundary conditions with Pr = 0.025. In the former situation, we observe stationary, periodic, biperiodic and chaotic regimes as the Rayleigh number is increased. In the later situation, the dynamics involves very different characteristic times, and only stationary and time-periodic solutions have been simulated. Convergence to the later regime may occur after a long transient where the amplitude of the oscillation is slowly modulated.


The paper presents an experimental demonstration of fine-resolution stochastic analog-to-digital converter. The effective LSB resolution and number of comparators versus linear region neighbouring the trip point are introduced by measurement data. The approach is to use a fully differential comparator scheme to suppress input common-mode noise. A layout strategy of manually placing and routing is proposed to reduce systematic variation and to achieve Gaussian random offset distribution. Four testing chips are fabricated in a 180-nm CMOS process and then measured by a low-noise DC measurement setup for fully differential analog inputs. The result shows that a Gaussian offset distribution can be achieved with a reasonable number of comparators. Compared with conventional approach, the effective LSB resolution is 10 times smaller but with less than 10 times of the number of comparators.


Fifty‐one children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy underwent clinical, EEG and CT examinations to assess mental performance, laterality of CP and incidence of epilepsy. 80 per cent of the children had epileptic abnormalities on EEG, but less than half had clinical signs of epilepsy. Clinical paroxysms were more frequent in those with right‐sided hemiparesis. Focal or epileptic EEG changes were usual in those with right‐hemisphere involvement, but unless clinical paroxysms developed, these had no bearing on mental performance. Lower IQ was found in the patients with clinical epilepsy—in nearly all cases with left‐sided hemiparesis and in half of those with right‐sided hemiparesis.


Based on the construction practices of China petroleum pipeline engineering in recent years and referred to the advanced experiences of relevant foreign codes and standards, this paper analyzes from the overall viewpoint of China petroleum pipeline industry the existing problems and shortcomings of pipeline construction standard system in aspects of design, construction, check and acceptance as well as project assessment, project management, project supervision, and discusses methods of stepping up establishment of unified enterprise standards for China pipeline construction sector.


Boshuizen, H. P. A. (2010, 25-27 August). Lifelong learning in aviation and medicine; Comments and suggestions. Discussion at the 5th EARLI-SIG14 Learning and Professional Development, Munich, Germany.


Indonesia is one of the countries rich of natural resources. Sponges are marine invertebrates widely found in Indonesia and known to have various bioactive compounds with unique chemical structures. This study was aimed to screen potentially bioactive extracts of sponges collected from Bunaken and identify on their toxicity level against larva Artemia salina Leach. Samples were macerated using acetone followed by partition using chloroform and methanol. The extracts were prepared at the concentration of 100, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/ml and their toxicity was tested using Brine shrimp Lethality Test. LC50 (mg/ml) of the extracts was calculated using probit analysis. From the 4 extracts tested, all of them showed toxicity to larva Artemia. Chloroform extract of MD-02 was found to be the most toxic with the LC50 of 48.15 mg/ml and considered as a potential candidate for new drug research. Further characterization is still needed for the development in the future. This active sponge was then identified as Petrosia sp. Key words : sponges, Bunaken, bioactivity, Artemia salina Leach


This report focuses on the interpersonal networking processes, or non-market mechanisms, through which training needs are signalled to VET providers in a rural region. A detailed single case-study approach shows that VET users also consider interpersonal relationships, based on trust, when selecting programs for participation.


Research presented the analysis of the cognitive components of the perception of the political order based on the pilot questioning in Vladikavkaz in 2012. 47 respondents took part in questioning. The questionnaire included a subjective assessment of the following levels the participation in political processes; the emotional involvement into them; discussion of the these processes; economic welfare; social protection; life prospects. In addition, the questionnaire included questions about the degree of religiosity, and also the general questions characterizing the respondent (a sex, age, a nationality, level of parents education). To assess the level of deprivation used the subjective opinion of respondents on the levels of economic welfare and social protection, assessment of prospects in life, and also the degree of involvement in various political processes. Received, the level of involvement of young people in Vladikavkaz in the political processes in society 1.28, the level of emotional involvement 1.91. Average consistent level comments political processes in the family 2.15. The level of economic well-being and average level of social protection of students: 2.27 and 2.34. Assessment of prospects in life is average 2.96. It was revealed in 2012, there is a low level of participation in political life with a low level of involvement in the political process. Some parameters of relative deprivation is average, and it is expected that this component will not lead to the formation of political tension.


The present paper addresses data-driven structural health monitoring to propose a real-time strategy for adaptive structural assessment. The adaptive character is achieved using unsupervised discrimination machine-learning methods, widely known as clustering algorithms. Real-time capability is based on the definition of symbolic data, which allow describing large amounts of information without loss of related information. The efficiency of the proposed methodology is illustrated using an experimental case study in which structural changes were imposed to a suspended bridge during an extensive rehabilitation program.


Particle-bound T 2 phage lysozyme and lysozyme from T 2 phage lysates are compared with each other by ultracentrifugation. The molecular weights determined by an equilibrium method and by sedimentation and diffusion coefficients are identical within the error of estimation. Similar to egg-white lysozyme, T 2 phage lysozyme shows a pH-dependent, reversible association. The value of the molecular weight obtained at pH 5.1 is 13 900.


We have calculated the thermal conductivity of pure KCl and KCl doped with RbCl using the Green–Kubo theory and classical molecular dynamics. Both shell-model and rigid-ion potentials are employed to describe the ionic interactions, and we find that the inclusion of ionic polarisability significantly changes the calculated conductivity at a given temperature. We find fairly good agreement between the simulation results and the available experimental data for both pure and doped systems. The shell model provided a slightly better description than the rigid-ion potential, although neither proved to be entirely satisfactory over the temperature range investigated (300–900 K). The relative merits of the potentials are discussed in the light of these results, as are the technical issues raised by the calculations. These studies demonstrate the capacity of the approach to yield quantitative predictions of the transport properties of ionic materials using shell-model potentials. This will be of use in treating systems for which rigid-ion models are inadequate.


Virtual Power Plant (VPP) have been proposed as an effective way to aggregate large portfolios of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and coordinate them to behave as a single functional unit in both the network and the market. This research narrative proposes that business models that can combine Internet platforms such as Peer-to-peer networks, with VPP to collectively manage DERs, are ideal systems for socially innovative business models to accomplish scale and replication and drive systemic change in the power system. This project lays conceptual foundations to design and simulate such a system. An urban social electricity-trading network is presented using the City of Melbourne as case study. Modelling is performed by applying an optimisation framework to a portfolio of household datasets with solar, simulated storage and flexible demand capabilities; a local community windfarm and large business buildings. Initial simulations show that internal energy trading between members of such a social energy network is highly dependent on local market conditions. However, having the ability to simultaneously operate as a small-scale generator, retailer and demand response coordinator might be the factors allowing these alternative business models to be feasible under various conditions.


The transmission principle and dynamics properties of electronic jacquard were being studied, and the torque of camshaft was calculated. Corresponding analytical software was developed based on Matlab platform. The result of study shows that the conjugated cam-driven double-acting lifting arms could make the electronic jacquard obtain a perfect mechanical equilibrium and is nicely suitable for high speed shedding.


The growing demand for nonrenewable mineral resources and the exhausting of high grade deposits forced the mineral industry to cope with the challenge of processing ores of increasing complexity aiming at producing concentrates meeting specifications that become continuously more strict. Under this scenario, innovative pieces of equipment and techniques for the concentration of ores have been developed in the past years. Among these developments, column flotation proved to be a proper technique for processing low grade ores, presenting a high liberation degree only at fine size ranges. The performance of a flotation column is closely related to the size and distribution uniformity of the air bubbles introduced at its bottom. Consequently several types of sparging systems are available in the world market. This investigation was performed aiming at comparing two types of spargers that are presently utilized in Brazilian concentrators: the standard air/water sparger system and the single nozzle (at the end) sparger, utilizing air only. The results indicated that, under the usual operation conditions of flotation columns, the water/air sparger generates bubbles with smaller mean diameters than those achieved with the air only sparger. The water/air sparger is recommended in industrial applications requiring small bubbles, uniform in size, for enhanced metallurgical performance.


Technical challenges and market opportunities for thermal management of concentrated photovoltaics, CPV, are discussed. An overview of the current status and projected advancement of the CPV technology is provided, and many of the fundamental issues associated with employing advanced thermal solutions in the future CPV applications at higher concentrations are addressed. Using a case-example, the economics of cooling high-concentration photovoltaics is analyzed. A parametric study is carried out for a number of variables under different scenarios, and the sensitivity of the net gains that can be realized by employing an advanced thermal solution is presented. It is concluded that a proper thermal management plays a vital role in reducing the total cost of ownership per watt of electricity generated through improving two parameters: the efficiency and the reliability.


The principal purpose of this study is to identify the "prestige" of journals that publish papers in marketing, as seen by department chairmen or other administrators in charge of marketing faculty. There have been previous reports on evaluation of business publications in general (Weaver 1975). However, there has not as yet appeared a study dealing specifically with marketing papers and publications. Marketing academicians have a particularly wide range of journals in which to publish their research findings or speculative ruminations. The research question is: What is the relative status of the numerous publication vehicles available to marketing academicians?


The aim of this retrospective study is to describe the importance of serum creatinine levels for the long‐term renal outcome in cases of posterior urethral valve.


WW domain is a coherent and compact domain generally composed of 38 similar to 40 amino acid residues. It features two tryptophan residues, and interacts specifically with proteins containing XPPXY conserved sequence. The interactions are involved in many intracellular affairs, such as non-receptor signaling, transcriptional regulation and protein degradation. Changes in these interactions will directly or indirectly interfere in normal metabolic processes and cause diseases.