Soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization is a process driven by microorganisms and is considered to be one of the main forms of carbon loss in land restoration. However, the interaction of SOC structures and bacteria that drive SOC mineralization remain unclear. Therefore, four forest succession stages were investigated on the Loess Plateau of Northern China: (1) primary stage Betula platyphylla (BP); (2) transitional stage which were two mixed communities of Populus davidiana and Quercus wutaishanica with different proportions (PQ1); (3) (PQ2) and (4) the late stage was climax communities of Quercus wutaishanica (QW). The Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR‐ATR) spectroscopy were used to clarify the regulation mechanism of microbial activity on SOC mineralization during forest succession through the perspective of SOC structures. Our results indicated higher aromatics‐C in QW contributed to decreased SOC mineralization ratio (SMR). Redundancy analysis confirmed SOC structures–bacteria interaction and revealed the groups Acidobacteria correlated with recalcitrant SOC structures while Proteobacteria and Bacteroides correlated with labile SOC structures, respectively. Moreover, the partial least squares path model revealed that the SOC and C:N ratio act on soil bacteria community characteristics, and the higher abundance of Acidobacteria and the increase of aromatics‐C decreased SMR. Collectively, these findings highlight the importance of bacteria–SOC structures interaction in decreased SMR and contribute to an improved understanding of how forest succession regulates carbon mineralization.


thing of the animals whose names they meet with in the course of their reading, and will be especially useful to the student of comparative anatomy. The information in many departments is brought down to a very recent period; thus under the head of " Dodo," we find a notice of the novel views put forth by Mr. Strickland at Oxford last year ; and the account of the Lepidosiren includes a brief statement of the question at present under discussion as to its reptilian or piscine character. Several of the most important novelties in palaeontology also, such as the Dinornis, Glyptodon, and Mylodon,?receive a fitting notice. The few defects


The research entitled "The Students" Ability in Retteling the Content of Short
Story in Grade VII A MTs Negeri 1 Rakit Banjarnegara regency Academic Year
2014-2015". The aim of the research was to know the students ability in retelling the
content of short in grade VII A MTs Negeri 1 Rakit Banjarnegara regency.
The data of the research were the result of students" ability in retelling the
content of the short story. The source of the research was 30 students of class VII A
MTs Negeri 1 Rakit Banjarnegara which consisted 0f 13 male students and female
students. The data was taken by non-test way. The result of the non-test was analyzed
by descriptive quantitative approach. The scoring criteria of retelling the content of
short story consisted of 6 aspects as follow; the content suitability with short story
text, the cohorence of the plotting, telling the character, the Indonesian
comprehensiveness, pronunciation, and the fluency.
Based on the analysis data, the highest score was 100 and the lowest score was
47. Based on the classification of the students ability of class VII A MTs Negeri 1
Rakit Banjarnegara regency, it showed that 17 students (56,67%) had a very good
ability, mean while 4 students (13,33%) had good ability, 6 students (20%) had fair
ability, and 3 students (10%) had insufficient in retelling the content of the short story
entitled "budaya kucing". Based on the data aforementioned, the conclusion is that the
students with a very good and good ability is more than >50% compared with the
students with fair and insufficient less than <50%.


This paper made an effort to compile the relevant research articles in the last 18 years on sustainable supply chain management practices. The author has classified the review based on sustainability in manufacturing and supply chain aspects using the dimensions of sustainability (i.e., economic, environment social aspects, and sustainable supply chain management performance evaluation). The authors summarized the relevant work published in noted refereed national and international journals and conference proceedings. The work suggested some research directions as well as propositions for researchers, especially with reference to the Indian context.


The purpose of this case report is to introduce milled titanium bar with Locator ® that made by CAD/CAM for implant supported overdenture in maxillary edentulous patients. For over 2 years, in terms of function and esthetics, satisfactory result was obtained.


In this paper, a stage structured prey-predator model (stage structure on predators) with two discrete time delays has been discussed. It is assumed that immature predators are raised by their parents in the sense that they cannot catch the prey and their foods are provided by parents. We suppose that the growth of the prey is of exponential type. The two discrete time delays occur due to maturation delay and gestation delay. Linear stability analysis for both non delay as well as with delays reveals that certain thresholds have to be maintained for coexistence. Numerical simulation shows that the system exhibits Hopf bifurcation, resulting in a stable limit cycle.


In the study of the topographical effects on surface movement due to underground longwall mining, the factors that affect the incremental horizontal displacements are identified using 10 collected cases. Based on this study, the angle of surface natural slope is the major contributor to the incremental horizontal displacement while the total movement is also playing an important role in some cases.


As the philosopher Aristotle ascertained 2400 years past, human beings are by nature social creatures. Trust is a social norm that promotes the foundation of relationships among individuals, groups, and other components of a society. It is a by-product of religion, tradition, shared historical experience, and other types of cultural norms. Without trust, a country's economy cannot perform well, because transaction costs would be too high. Through this study, we attempt to explore the reasons behind the dynamics of informal freight transport in Morocco under the paradox of the total absence of contracts and the increasing regulatory constraints of the sector. For this purpose, both individual interviews of the various informal transporters, and the interpretation methodology were used. The results reveal that the exchange relations of informal freight transport in Morocco, a priori non-contractual, are governed by a "social algorithm" based on interpersonal trust, in lieu of "blind" or "calculative" trust (Williamson, 1973), and which "the Daman" plays the role of a guarantor of the community order (Lkelma, Niya, etc.) rather than the judicial order (contracts, formality, etc.) (Fukuyama, 1995; Balambo & Livolsi, 2010).


The novel The History of the Siege of Lisbon by Jose Saramago, published in 1989, anticipates, through the author's savvy eyes, questions that are increasingly relevant even in the second decade of the 21st century, when ethnocultural intolerance continues to grow based on a western-centered world view. In Saramago's fiction, the character Raimundo Silva, a book reviewer who is encouraged to retell a version of the 12th century capture of Lisbon from the Moors, experiences the opposite of a biased look: he learns about and perceives the Arab influence in Lusitanian culture and sees himself as a integral part of that cultural and ethnical tradition. To redis- cover the Lisbon of the Moors gives him a more educated look towards the different and encourages him to question the official version of the facts, marked by the denial of the plurality through with nations are formed. Moreover, Raimundo Silva comes to discuss the very concept of truth.


Sound waves from a number of low‐energy explosions at altitudes between 175 000 and 330 000 ft were detected by a square microphone array. The sound waves were incident on the earth's surface at angles between 60 and 86 deg. The altitude of the explosion as calculated by ray‐tracing techniques agreed within 1% with the radar altitude. Frequency spectra of the detected N waves are presented. The mean wind velocity between 60–95 km was determined from the known source location and the azimuth of the detected sound wave.


The whipworm, Trichuris trichiura L., is one of the most common human intestinal parasites worldwide, yet little is known of its origin and global spread. Archaeological records for this nematode have all been of Neolithic or later date, suggesting a possible association between the spread of pastoral farming and human acquisition of whipworm. This paper reports the discovery of eggs of the genus Trichuris in late Mesolithic deposits from south Wales, indicating that whipworm was present in Europe before the arrival of agriculture. This raises the possibility that human infection by Trichuris arose through contact with wild animals in parts of the landscape frequented by both human and animal groups.


he blood banking community went through a major technological advancement in 1999 with the implementation of minipool nucleic acid amplification testing (MP NAT) for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Tests were FDA-licensed in 2002, and NAT for these agents is now required in the United States and many other countries throughout the world. In the United States alone, it is estimated that HIV-1 and HCV NAT prevent the transmission of 5 HIV-1 and 56 HCV infections annually. 1


Neuromorphic computing powered by spiking neural networks (SNN) provides a powerful and efficient information processing paradigm. To harvest the advantage of SNNs, compact and low‐power synapses that can reliably practice local learning rules are required, posing significant challenges to the conventional silicon‐based platform in terms of area‐ and energy‐efficiency, as well as computing throughput. Here, electrolyte‐gated transistors (EGTs) paired with transistors are employed to implement power‐efficient neuromorphic computing systems. The one‐transistor‐one‐EGT (1T1E) synapse not only alleviates the self‐discharging of EGT but also provides a flexible and efficient way to practice the important spike‐timing‐dependent plasticity learning rule. Based on that, an SNN with a temporal coding scheme is implemented for associative memory that can learn and recover images of handwritten digits with high robustness. Thanks to the temporal coding scheme and low operation current of EGTs, the energy‐efficiency of 1T1E‐based SNN is ≈30× lower than that of the prevalent rate coding scheme, and the peak performance is estimated to be 2 pJ/SOP (picojoule per synaptic operation) at the training phase and 80 TOPs−1 W−1 (tera operations per second per watt) at inference phase, respectively. These results pave the way for power‐efficient neuromorphic computing systems with wide applications for edge computing.


In order to grasp the timing of sun calibration in advance, this paper introduces a high-precision method to predict the solar angle by using the current broadcast time and orbital instantaneous root of the satellite platform. By calculating the sun's apparent right ascension and apparent declination, the conversion matrix from the geocentric inertial coordinate system to the orbital coordinate system, and the satellite attitude correction matrix, the sun vector in the satellite body coordinate system is obtained. This method is used to predict the sun angle of a sun synchronous orbit in the satellite coordinate system, and the prediction results are compared with the STK simulation results. The results show that the sun angle prediction error of this method is less than ±0.003°. It can meet the requirements of on-orbit solar calibration. The main error sources in the prediction method are analysed.


The paper illustrates the components of the list quotation of construction engineering in the completed project of foreign aids,the submission and identification of the lists,the programming process of the list quotation of projects and some problems,and points out the introduction of the list quotation rules of construction engineering is a key way to improve and strengthen the management of the completed projects of foreign aids.


Police organisation is one of the crucial wings of the government that has a multitude of tasks and duties, thereby cannot afford a casual approach towards its deliverables. As they are accountable towards society, therefore it becomes important to understand the scope of effective performance management system and the expected standards of the officials. Since, law enforcement is a public sector organisations, therefore, just like their counter parts in private sector, they too have adopted a strategic ways of performance management systems i.e. BSC and thus to make their workforce more versatile and efficient. The main purpose of this paper is to annotate the literature relevant to application of balance scorecard in the police organizations in order to ensure effective policing in different countries across the globe.The paper is based on the available literature pertaining to the previous researches, thereby citing the relevant literature and the main aim of the paper is to cover the crucial contributors to the development of the BSC model in police organizations across the various countries of the world. Various BSC models used in countries viz Portugal, Sweden, Finland, New Zealand,etcand the outcomes, and limitations associated with the application of the same in the police organizations are discussed. The findings of the study would motivate the researchers and government authorities to adopt the approach considering its merits of strategic performance management and would foster thee scope of more studies in the said context.


Objective To explore the surgical approach and effectiveness of the cataract extraction after manual fragmentation and emulsification of nucleus with 3.0 mm tunnel limbus incision through predicted bulbar conjunctiva after surface anesthesia,integrated with the implantation of preloaded foldable artificial intraocular lens.Methods Mter surface anesthesia,a 3.0 mm tunnel limbus incision was operated through the predicted bulbar conjunctiva and sclera on 50 eyes of 50 cases with Ⅰ ~ Ⅲ nuclear cataract.And after the fragmentation and emulsification of nucleus which consists of splitting,separating,smashing,and disturbing of the nucleus,the preloaded foldable intraocular lens was implanted.After the operation,without enswathement,the eye was monitored for postoperative complications and variation of eyesight.Results 6 hours after the operation,26 eyes had their eyesight ≥0.3,taking up 52% of the whole; one day after operation,41 eyes had their eyesight ≥0.5,taking up 82% of the whole ; one week after operation,46 eyes had their visual acuity ≥0.5,taking up 92% of the whole; one month after operation,48 eyes had their visual acuity ≥0.5,taking up 96% of the whole.There was no complication during-operation or postoperatively.Conclusion Manual fragmentation and emulsification of nucleus with foldable intraocular lens implantation is a fairly ideal and practical surgery.

Key words:
Cataract;  Small incision;  Fragmentation and emulsification of nucleus, manual;  Lens, intraocular, foldable


The aim of present work was to study the influence of SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio (MR) on nickel behavior in the mordenites with wide variation of MR during reduction in hydrogen flow. It was found that during reduction treatment variation of MR in mordenite from 10 to 206 influences reducibility and mobility of reduced nickel species. Stability of the reduced samples during storage in air at ambient conditions also depends on molar ratio. Variation of MR of mordenite does not change crystal structure, but results in different ionic properties. This effect is explained by variation of acidity of zeolite matrix in line with variation of chemical composition.


REFERENCES 1. Li Y, Zhao R, Zheng S, et al. Lack of vertical transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2, China. Emerg Infect Dis J. 2020 [Epub ahead of print]. 2. Liu W, Wang Q, Zhang Q, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy: a case series. Preprints. 2020020373. 2020. 3. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet. 2020;395:809–815. 4. Wang X, Zhou Z, Zhang J, Zhu F, Tang Y, Shen X. A case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in a pregnant woman with preterm delivery. Clin Infect Dis. 2020 [Epub ahead of print]. 5. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus–infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020;323:1061–1069. 6. Shapiro ED, Aaron NH, Wald ER, Chiponis D. Risk factors for development of bacterial meningitis among children with occult bacteremia. J Pediatr. 1986;109:15–19. 7. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Committee on Practice Bulletins, Turrentine M. ACOG practice bulletin no. 207: thrombocytopenia in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2019;133:e181–e193. 8. Lee LO, Bateman BT, Kheterpal S, et al; Multicenter Perioperative Outcomes Group Investigators. Risk of epidural hematoma after neuraxial techniques in thrombocytopenic parturients: a report from the multicenter perioperative outcomes group. Anesthesiology. 2017;126:1053–1063.


The interfacial bonding properties of carboxylic polymers on a Zn substrate have been investigated. Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid monobutyl ester) and cured propoxylated bisphenol A fumarate unsaturated polyester were applied on a set of differently treated Zn samples. The buried metal–polymer interface was studied by polymer removal and evaluation of the residue layers on Zn surfaces representing the metal–polymer interface region. Additionally, the interfacial bondings were mimicked by adsorption of the representative carboxylic monomers, i.e., succinic and myristic acids. The differently treated Zn surfaces were found to be capable of adsorption of the carboxyl functionality of the polymers, resulting in formation of carboxylates. A comparison of the interfacial bondings by the residue layers of the polymers with those formed due to the molecular adsorption showed comparable adsorption mechanisms. Additionally, it was found that the polymer–metal interfacial bonding density mainly depends on ...


The present invention relates to a turbine rotor for a turbocharger, in particular for a motor vehicle, with an integral rotor shaft and having an integral turbine wheel having a turbine blade and a solidly formed Turbinenradabsatz, wherein the turbine blading and the Turbinenradabsatz are arranged on opposite end surfaces of the turbine wheel and wherein a first end face of the Turbinenradabsatzes is cohesively connected to a second end face of the rotor shaft. The present invention further relates to a turbocharger and a method of producing a turbine rotor according to the invention.


The S/MIME development community benefits from sharing samples of
signed or encrypted data. This document facilitates such collaboration
by defining a small set of X.509v3 certificates and keys for use when
generating such samples.


In article questions of application the concept of Business Process Management (BPM) for description and management of JSC "Volga-Dnepr Airline" processes are considered. Recommendations about the organization of description and optimization of processes are made, the basic principles of BPM are presented, the comparative analysis of modern means for modeling and management of business processes is carried out.


At the beginning of 2000, people around the world rejoiced over the many achievements accomplished in the twentieth century. Remarkable feats in technology and science have transformed many people's notion of life today. No longer were individuals dependent on what God predestined them to be; instead, people now have the capabilities to challenge their fates and become who they choose to be. Yet despite the world's progress in science and technology, the world still struggles with the most basic issue affecting everyone—people's basic human rights. In particular, China, the most populous country in the world, continues to hamper its citizens' freedoms, particularly members of Falun Gong, a popular meditation movement in China. Though the Chinese government has convincing reasons for assuming Falun Gong to be a threat to the Communist Party, their policies and methods to stifle the movement and their explanations for the deaths and bruises of practitioners suggest human rights violations.


There are many integration techniques that can be used to solve an integral problem.In this material, several integration techniques will be discussed including substitution, the properties of algebra and trigonometry and techniques commonly used in test books.If we are faced with integral problems that cannot be solved by techniques ,what we have learned, we use partial integral techniques. Partial integration technique is obtained by integrating the derivative formula of the product by two functions.

Keywords: integration technique; substitution; partial integration technique


The disregard of teachers' needs had an influence negatively on our educational system in Nigeria. This study was undertaken to explore the influence of career satisfaction on teachers' attrition and retention in public secondary schools of Dass Local Government Area of Bauchi state was also the objective. A survey design was adopted for the study; the study population constitutes 356 teachers in public secondary schools in Dass Local Government. A proportionate stratified sampling technique was employed in selecting 186 teachers as sample respondents in this study. An instrument was adopted from previous studies relevant to the current research and was used for data collection in this study. Descriptive statistics were used to answer the research questions, while multiple regressions were used to test the null hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings from the study showed an influence of 26.226 as against P-value =.000) between career satisfaction and teachers and attrition and retention. Findings showed that career satisfaction positively influences teachers' attrition and retention in public secondary schools in Dass Local Government of Bauchi State. The study recommended that the school management and the government improve the working conditions of teachers by providing adequate teaching/learning resources.


There have been numerous moves to integrate theological training for ministry with universities, and the Hind report, recently endorsed by General Synod, supports this trend.1 This essay is written with a sense that the integration is not necessarily as inevitably positive a move as some would advocate. I shall present, first, a strong case against the move, before setting out a possible basis for integration that could lead the institutions of ministerial formation and academic learning to a challenging and creative interaction. Or such is my somewhat tentative hope.


Bladder cancer is the most frequent kind of urinary tract cancer. We will look at the most recent breakthroughs in the diagnosis and treatment of this illness in this review. The most significant tools in the diagnosis and follow-up of bladder cancer are cystoscopy and urine cytology. Several options have been examined, either to minimise the frequency of cystoscopy or to increase its sensitivity for tumour identification. Urine-based markers and point-of-care testing are examples of this. When compared to routine resection under white light, narrow-band imaging and photodynamic diagnosis/blue-light cystoscopy have showed promise in improving identification and minimising recurrence of bladder tumours by enhancing bladder resection completeness. The majority of individuals diagnosed with bladder cancer for the first time have non-muscle-invasive disease, which necessitates adjuvant intravesical chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy. The latest advancements in intravesical post-resection regimens are presented. Both laparoscopic radical cystectomy and robot-assisted radical cystectomy have been proven to minimise peri-operative morbidity while being oncologically equal to open radical cystectomy in the medium term for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Bladder-preserving methods include resection and chemoradiation, and in certain cases, they are as effective as surgery. These novel techniques are also examined in terms of their development, benefits, and drawbacks.


The stem and bulb nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kiihn) Filipjev is widely distributed in Portugal where it attacks several crops. Most work on this species has been concerned with the relationships between the nematode and its environment or on the influence of temperature, moisture and soil type on its distribution in soil (Seinhorst, 1956; Lewis and Mai, 1960; Wallace, 1961 and 1962; Sayre and Mountain, 1962; Webster, 1964; Miyagawa and Lear, 1970). Tseng et al. (1968) and Yeates (1972) studied seasonal fluctuation in an alfalfa field and a Danish beech forest, and Caubel (1973) fluctuations in crops of clover and onion plants. The objective of our work was to study population changes in crops grown under Portuguese conditions.


A rice chromosome single segment substitution line(SSSL) S42,which is a strong restorer line for wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterility(WA-CMS) and Y-CMS,was identified at the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding,South China Agricultural University.The genetic mode of fertility restorer(Rf) genes and the genetic relationship between WA-CMS and Y-CMS systems were characterized through the production of backcross populations.The SSSL S42 was used to pollinate WA-CMS line of Zhenshan 97A and Y-CMS line of Y-Huanong A and generated two BC3F2 populations by using marker-assisted selection and traditional backcrossing.Results were shown as the following: 1) In the genetic background of S42,WA-CMS was restored more easily than Y-CMS,and the effect of Rf4 appeared to be slightly larger than that of Rf3 for the two CMS systems;2) Two pairs of dominant genes Rf3 and Rf4 governed pollen fertility restoration,and modifying or minor genes also involved in the inheritance of restorer ability in S42,which indicates that the genetic mode of Rf genes was a qualitative-quantitative character for WA-CMS and Y-CMS systems;3) When 205 SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic background and average length substituted chromosome segments(SCS) of the two BC3F2 individuals,the number of SCS carried by BC3F2 individuals with the genotypes of Rf3Rf3/rf4rf4 or rf3rf3/Rf4Rf4,was 1.1,while the average lengths of the SCS,corresponding to Rf3 and Rf4 loci,were 14.5 cM and 17.4 cM,respectively.


Publication really is the brick in the wall of scientific advancement. It facilitates the important communication of research from scientists around the world, driving forward key discoveries, whilst enhancing the careers of those that have toiled over the lab bench. However, especially early in your career, it is easy to focus on what to publish rather than how to publish. With the changing landscape of scholarly publishing and the move to a more open research culture, there has never been a better time to get clued up on the ins and outs of the publishing process. This guide aims to answer all your essential publishing questions, so that when it comes to preparing your research paper you are well informed about the publishing practicalities.


This study aims to determine: (1) Knowing the interactive multimedia based on discovery learning on the subject of transformation that is developed is suitable for use as a learning medium. (2) Knowing the use of interactive multimedia based on discovery learning on the subject of transformation that was developed to effectively improve student learning outcomes. This type of research is research and development (Research and Development). The subjects in this study were students of class IX-7 MTs Negeri 3 Langkat, totaling 25 students. The research instrument is a test of mathematics learning outcomes as a result of student work, practicality questionnaires, and student responses after using discovery learning-based interactive multimedia. The results of this study indicate that 1) interactive multimedia can increase students^ interest in learning independently in understanding mathematics subject matter so that it has a good impact on improving student learning outcomes. 2) In the first trial there was an increase in the value with low criteria (g 0.3) and in the second trial there was an increase in the value with moderate criteria (0.3 < g ≤ 0.7). Therefore, student learning outcomes using interactive multimedia are higher than student learning outcomes before using interactive multimedia as seen from classical completeness and learning time. The interactive multimedia used in the study proved to be effective in improving students' mathematics learning outcomes in grade IX.


Boniface VIII probably spent some half a million gold florins on the acquisition of lands for the Caetani. But of that money not a word is said in the Introitus and Exitus volumes, the main account books of the Apostolic Chamber. Where was it accounted for and from whence did it come? The pope had certain special sources of income which would not ordinarily be reckoned in the main account books, and of these, some could properly be termed his fortune as a private person, while others attached to his office as pope. There was the private fortune which he had before he assumed the tiara. There were the incomes of benefices personally reserved to him, gifts made him by prelates and laymen, legacies, sometimes the goods of deceased prelates, and the so-called 'private visitations' and 'secret services'. Later in the fourteenth century many other sources were tapped for the benefit of a secret fund, and all in all the sums which it disposed of were formidable and sometimes enormous. The ends to which the money was directed were as various as the characters and policies of the pontiffs: it was used for nepotistic ends on a princely scale, as a mere convenient subsidiary to the main financial machine, as a war account, as a means of making enormous loans to lay rulers, or simply as a petty cash account. The earliest records of the secret accounts to survive are from the midfifteenth century, but the large sums involved, and its covert but great importance in papal policy in general make the earlier history of this institution as interesting as it is obscure.


Plan a week of festivities when your partner is turning a corner into a new decade.Here are some ideas to get you started:


Change in consumption of herbaceous food and hardy-shrub food in beaver settlements depending on climatic conditions was estimated. A list of plants growing in settlements of beaver is shown.


This work presents the meeting's result between CERN staff and Italian librarians about CDSware.
CDSware (CERN Document Server Software) is a group of software, OAI compatible, for diffusioning of data. It was realized by CERN and it can do crossing research into different archives.
CDSware is a free software and is spread with GPL GNU licence.
It is completely build with free software such as Apache, MySQL, PHP, Python, WML.
The main characteristics are: interface configurable as a portal that can guest different kind of collections, powerful search engine similar to Google-like, user configurations with service of document baskets and e-mail notification alerts, support digital documentation and several format of documentation.
Moreover, it can be used for changing data between provider and service and metadata elements among different repositories, too.


This work aims to investigate the electrical conductivity sensitivity of polydiphenylamine (PDPA) pellets, films, and fibers when they are exposed to methanol vapor. PDPA was synthesized via chemical oxidative polymerization and washed with NH4OH solution to obtain the de-doped-PDPA (De-PDPA). De-PDPA pellets were doped with hydrochloric acid at various doping ratios. PDPA and its blends with polyethylene oxide (PEO) added at various ratios were successfully fabricated into fibers by electrospinning and cast into films. The De-PDPA pellet doped at the doping ratio of 100 has the highest electrical conducitivity sensitivity toward methanol vapor. The electrical conductivity sensitivity of the PDPA electrospun fiber is relatively lower than those of the D-PDPA cast films under methanol vapor. The methanol vapor induces a higher degree of crystallinity in the conductive polymer matrix and resultant higher electron mobility. The adsorption of methanol vapors is investigated via FTIR and the interaction is irreversible. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 31: 401–413, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.20263


This paper theoretically examines the interplay between cognition and bodily involvement in relation to nature-based therapy and proposes implications for practice. With support from theory within embodied cognition and neuroscientific studies, it is argued that explicit learning is actively supported by bodily involvement with the environment. This argument is placed in the context of 'nature-based therapy', which can be perceived as a generic term for treatments with therapeutic use of activities and experiences in natural environments. The paper proposes that the use of metaphors to conceptualize desired therapeutic understanding in connection with the performance of activities in nature-based therapy can support the learning and change process by semantically relating cognition and bodily involvement.


Effect of hormone on the induction callus of Momordica charantia L was investigated in this manuscript.When 6-BA combination with IAA,a high induction and growth was observed than that of the case of 6-BA combination with 2,4-D.The induction and growth increase with the increase of 6-BA concentration.Furthermore,a high growth rate of Momordica charantia L was detected when 103.125 mg/L ammonium nitrate,100 mg/L hydrolyzed casein,30 g/L glucose,0.5 mg/L 6-BA and 0.2 mg/L 2,4-D was supplement to the medium.


Cloud cover at the planetary limb of water-rich Earth-like planets is likely to weaken chemical signatures in transmission spectra, impeding attempts to characterize these atmospheres. However, based on observations of Earth and Solar System worlds, exoplanets with atmospheres should have both short-term weather and long-term climate variability, implying that cloud cover may be less during some observing periods. We identify and describe a mechanism driving periodic clear sky events at the terminators in simulations of tidally locked Earth-like planets. A feedback between dayside cloud–radiative effects, incoming stellar radiation and heating, and the dynamical state of the atmosphere, especially the zonal wavenumber 1 Rossby wave identified in past work on tidally locked planets, leads to oscillations in Rossby wave phase speeds and in the position of Rossby gyres, and this results in advection of clouds to or away from the planet's eastern terminator. We study this oscillation in simulations of Proxima Centauri b, TRAPPIST-1e, and rapidly rotating versions of these worlds located at the inner edge of their stars' habitable zones. We simulate time series of the transit depths of the 1.4 μm water feature and 2.7 μm carbon dioxide feature. The impact of atmospheric variability on the transmission spectra is sensitive to the structure of the dayside cloud cover and the location of the Rossby gyres, but none of our simulations have variability significant enough to be detectable with current methods.


Summary.
 We report the discovery of a resident population of Savannah Sparrows Passerculus sandwichensis wetmorei in grassland on a high plateau of the Sierra Los Cuchumatanes in western Guatemala. We observed a nest containing a nestling, and 11 fledglings of other breeding pairs in July 2016, which represent the first confirmation of the species nesting south-east of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, c.700 km from the nearest known breeding locality in central Mexico. We provide the first description of juvenile plumage for this subspecies. Furthermore, we describe the song of P. sandwichensis wetmorei for the first time, which is similar in structure and signal characteristics to that of northern populations. Based on transects, we estimate a population density of 0.7–4.3 adults / ha in the study area, in the Parque Regional Municipal Todos Santos Cuchumatán, which is similar to published data from the USA and Canada. This is the first documentation of P. sandwichensis wetmorei since the type specimens were collected more than 100 years ago.


The main objective of this research was to study the effects of different specified trucks on bridge rating with the load and resistance and factor rating (LRFR) procedure. Twelve specified trucks were selected for this study, which include one AASHTO design truck, three AASHTO legal trucks, and eight state legal trucks. These rating trucks were applied on 16 selected Tennessee Dept. of Transportation bridges to obtain the LRFR ratings. The selected bridges covered four commonly used bridge types, including prestressed I-beam bridges; prestressed box beam bridges; cast-in-place T-beam bridges; and steel I-beam bridges. The research results revealed that (1) LRFR AASHTO legal load ratings factors were enveloped by the LRFR HL-93 truck ratings factors, thereby confirming the validity of the LRFR tiered approach with regard to AASHTO legal loads; (2) the lighter state legal trucks were enveloped by the HL-93 loads, whereas the heavier state trucks with closer axle spacing typically resulted in load ratings t...


This paper presents a social-demographic portrait of the city of Leon (New Spain) in 1719 based on information and data provided by the census ordered to be carried out that same year. It verifies the characterization of the population in relation to gender, age, civil status, ethnic group, composition and leadership of households, among other aspects.


In this paper we study and compare growth pattern of Oratosquilla oratoria and Oratosquilla kempi, evaluate and compare nutritive value, and investigate relationship between biochemical composition and growth, reproduction by measuring body length and weight ,biochemical composition and content, respectively. Results show that both the body length relation and the body weight relation between two species can be expressed in the significant linear correlation, body weight bears power function relation to length, and during the growing period two body shapes are mainly stable. The contents of water, lipid and ash in muscles are not of significant difference, except for that of crude protein (P0.05).During the test months lipid contents have little fluctuation but contents of water, ash and protein are all on the rise. The differences in amino acids(AA) and fatty acid composions in muscles of Oratosquilla oratoria and Oratosquilla kempi were found.The values of AA,EAA and Asp+Glu+Gly of the latter are higher(P0.01) than those of the former, and unsaturated fatty acids of the former are higher than those of the latter.


Managing complaints from disappointed patients is now so frequent that it has become part of dayto- day professional life. Doctors are under fire from many directions — they are obliged to cooperate with the NHS complaints procedures, must respond to separate legal complaints and are vulnerable to patients complaining directly to the General Medical Council (GMC). The cumulative effect of this three-pronged attack is to draw the profession's attention to the need to maintain standards but also to battle-harden individuals against the worry and annoyance which such complaints invoke.


Organization WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment. Psychol Med 1998; 28: 551–8. 24 Skevington SM, McCrate FM. Expecting a good quality of life in health: assessing people with diverse diseases and conditions using the WHOQOL-BREF. Health Expect 2011; 15: 49–62. 25 Reynolds LM, Lin Y-S, Zhou E, Consedine NS. Does a brief state mindfulness induction moderate disgust-driven social avoidance and decision-making? An experimental investigation. J Behav Med 2014; PMID: 24972888. 26 McCambridge SA, Consedine NS. For whom the bell tolls: experimentally-manipulated disgust and embarrassment may cause anticipated sexual healthcare avoidance among some people. Emotion 2014; 14: 407–15. 27 Reynolds LM, Consedine NS, McCambridge SA. Mindfulness and disgust in colorectal cancer scenarios: non-judging and non-reacting components predict avoidance when it makes sense. Mindfulness 2014; 5: 442–52. 28 Rozin P, Fallon AE. A perspective on disgust. Psychol Rev 1987; 94: 23–41.


The reduction of porosity is an important requirement in the manufacture of reliable composite components. In the Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) process, porosity results from the formation and growth of gas bubbles during the ll and cure stages of the process. Understanding the dynamics of the formation and motion of these bubbles will allow design of RTM processes that provide optimum quality and performance. In this paper, we demonstrate that an unsaturated ow model for gas bubble migration is in qualitative agreement with experimental results.


Article history: Received January 10, 2013 Received in Revised form March, 26, 2013 Accepted 17 June 2013 Available online 18 June 2013 This paper presents an empirical investigation to find out important factors influencing future research, training and employment in Iranian scientific environment. The proposed model of this paper prepares a questionnaire consists of various questions and distributes it among some experts and analyze them using DEMATEL model. The model divides the 7 factors into two groups of cause and effect. On the cause side, there are four factors including preventing future unemployment crises, detecting future skills, finding future profitable/unprofitable job opportunities and prevention on having open position with no volunteer to work. On the effect factors, there are three factors influencing the future research including detecting the present risk associated with jobs, detecting necessary standards for future works and creating a balance between demand and supply.


Based on the spider collection of the muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, the data on the poorly known algerian representatives of Nemesia audouin, 1826 are renewed. twelve species of Nemesia were recognized among the studied material. the following six new species are described: N. algerina n. sp. (♂♀), N. al moravida n. sp. (♂♀), N. annaba n. sp. (♂♀), N. decaei n. sp. (♂♀), N. dido n. sp. (♀) and N. tanit n. sp. (♀). Nemesia dorthesi thorell, 1875 is recorded with in algeria for the first time. Nemesia ?macrocephala ausserer, 1871 and N. ?meri dionalis (Costa, 1835) are assumedly occurred in the country. one further un identified species is figured and listed as Nemesia sp. unknown hitherto males of N. africana (C.l. Koch, 1838) and N. didieri simon, 1892, are described for the first time and their females are redescribed. lectotypes are designated for Nemesia didieri simon, 1892 and Nemesia ariasi simon, 1914. additional data on the somatic and copulatory structures and distribution of all the studied species are provided. KeyWorDs: araneae, mygalomorphae, nemesiinae, trap-door spiders, lec totypes, new species, taxonomy, africa, mediterranean, Palaearctic.


Note: Volume III, NUM - Condensed Matter Research with Neutrons and Muons, ht Reference LASEP-REPORT-2004-003 Record created on 2007-08-24, modified on 2016-08-08


In order to set the frequency of various behaviora l manifestations were observed for 10 days 15 stray dogs being held in three batches o f a private house in Târgu-Jiu with different sex ratio (3M+2F, 2M+3F, 1M+4F). Defecation and urination in females occurred more frequently in the group with the highest number of males to females ( 3M+2F), probably due to a greater need to mark its territory. Also, the research of the paddock, s tealing food and abnormal manifestations of spinnin g in circles and stereotypes were recorded more often . Males in the same paddock had most frequently abnormal behavior: walk in circle 15 times, 12 time s turned in circle and different stereotypes 15.8 p er capita per day. In females of more balanced lots, as is the 2 males and 3 females formed one (2M+3F), fear has manifested itself in the lesser extent and show ed fewer signs of abnormal behavior than others. Males in the same paddock showed the most, 7.1 play events per day and events of affection. In general, males showed little or no fear compared wi th females. Behavioral manifestations of activity held a share of 53.3% of total events in females and 53.5% in males, of witch 28.9% social behavior in f emales and 27.0% in males, 29.3% rest in females and 31.1% in males and 17.4 % abnormal behavior in females and 15.4% in males.


The case of a 12-year-old girl with an attack of acute confusional migraine (ACM) that responded rapidly to intravenous valproic acid is reported from Meir Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Israel.


By enabling the estimation of difficult‐to‐measure target variables using available indirect measurements, mechanistic soft sensors have become important tools for various bioprocess monitoring and control scenarios. Despite promising higher process efficiencies and increased process understanding, widespread application of soft sensors has been stalled by uncertainty about the feasibility and reliability of their estimations given present process analytical constraints. Observability analysis can provide an indication of the possibility and reliability of soft sensor estimations by analyzing the structural properties of first‐principle (mechanistic) models. In addition, it can provide a criteria for selection of suitable measurement methods with respect to their information content; thereby leading to successful implementation of soft sensors in bioprocess development and manufacturing environments. We demonstrate the utility of observability analysis for two classes of upstream bioprocesses: the processes involving growth and ethanol formation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the process of penicillin production by Penicillium chrysogenum. Results obtained from laboratory‐scale cultivations in addition to in‐silico experiments enable a comparison of theoretical aspects of observability analysis and the real‐life performance of soft sensors. By taking the expected error of measurements provided to the soft sensor into account, an innovative scaling approach facilitates a higher degree of comparability of observability results among various measurement configurations and process conditions. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:1703–1715, 2015


X-ray phase-contrast imaging has become indispensable for visualizing samples with low absorption contrast. In this regard, speckle-based techniques have shown significant advantages in spatial resolution, phase sensitivity, and implementation flexibility compared with traditional methods. However, their computational cost has hindered their wider adoption. By exploiting the power of deep learning, we developed a new speckle-based phase-contrast imaging neural network (SPINNet) that boosts the phase retrieval speed by at least two orders of magnitude compared to existing methods. To achieve this performance, we combined SPINNet with a novel coded-mask-based technique, an enhanced version of the speckle-based method. Using this scheme, we demonstrate a simultaneous reconstruction of absorption and phase images on the order of 100 ms, where a traditional correlation-based analysis would take several minutes even with a cluster. In addition to significant improvement in speed, our experimental results show that the imaging resolution and phase retrieval quality of SPINNet outperform existing single-shot speckle-based methods. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrate its application in 3D X-ray phase-contrast tomography. Our result shows that SPINNet could enable many applications requiring high-resolution and fast data acquisition and processing, such as in-situ and in-operando 2D and 3D phase-contrast imaging and real-time at-wavelength metrology and wavefront sensing. © 2022 Optical Society of America


Critical Heat Flux (CHF) is the value of heat flux at which heat transfer from fuel rod to coolant is suddenly deteriorated due to formation of vapor film. This causes large increase in fuel rod surface temperature and can lead to fuel rod damage. CHF is a limiting thermal phenomenon in nuclear power reactors and is a complex function of geometry and flow conditions. Various correlations such as EPRI, BIASI, CISE-4, W3, to mention a few, have been utilized to determine the CHF. Based on database of many CHF experiments, another approach is to use CHF lookup table (LUT). There have been different versions of CHF LUT i.e. 1986, 1995 and 2006. These LUTs are developed for a wide range of geometrical and flow conditions. In this work, in-house code Steady and Transient Analyzer for Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, START [1] has been equipped with 2006 Groeneveld CHF LUT [2] for LWR conditions. Preliminary validation exercise has been carried out against PWR sub-channel and bundle tests (PSBT) [3] database. For both steady state and transient cases, CHF has been predicted for different test conditions. Comparison with experimental values is carried out and is presented.


Review on WHSC1L1 (Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 like gene 1), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated.


This study aims to examine whether attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control predict the intention of using plastic bags and straws. Although the Theory of Planned Behaviour has been used to predict several behavioural outcomes, there is still limited research to explore pro-environmental behaviour. Subjects of this study involved 150 participants, 42 males and 108 females aged between 16-25 (M= 20; SD= 1,9). A questionnaire based on the theory of planned behaviour is used as the instrument to collect the data. The result of multi-linear regression analysis shows that attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control can predict pro-environmental behaviour, with effect size at 47.7%, F (3,146) = 44,31, p<0,000. Partially, attitude and perceived behavioural control can significantly predict pro-environmental behaviour; however, the subjective norm cannot predict the intention of pro-environmental behaviour, with β= 0,21, p<0,005 for attitude, β= 0,47, p<0,000 for perceived behavioural control, and β= 0,13, p>n.s for the subjective norm.


In a much quoted phrase which apparently originated with Sir Francis Bacon Elizabeth I deliberately set her face against making 'windows into men's hearts and secret thoughts' and for this reason amongst others it has become a historical commonplace to portray the queen as a proponent of religious toleration'. Certainly on occasions the supreme governor of the Elizabethan church did exhibit considerable forbearance, especially towards some English catholics who she knew did not share her religious opinions, but it would be highly misleading on this account to regard her reign as one of incipient religious toleration or even one which showed any real sympathy for irenical ideas. In fact the trends of the times pointed in a quite contrary direction. The very concept of the royal supremacy presup posed a uniformity in religion. As soon as the new renunciation of papal obedience made church and state once more conterminous, ruled by one royal governor, any questioning of the doctrines or government of the church automatically undermined the monarch's authority, as the queen, mindful of her prerogative, never failed to grasp, even if the greater part of her subjects did not. The royal supremacy led to intolerance, not tolerance, and in consequence few if any genuinely irenical tendencies can be discerned within the Elizabethan church.


Approaches to energy storage beyond electrochemical systems include pumped hydropower, flywheels, and compressed air energy storage (CAES); and technically, could also include the use of compressed carbon dioxide for providing both work and cooling services in industrial settings. This paper shows how one operational mode of compressed carbon dioxide energy storage (CDES) could enhance plant output by 10% and lead to a non-trivial increase in financial performance for a power generator. The successful CDES system could be more effective at increasing plant valuation than a plant expansion of equivalent capacity. The aim of this study is to characterize one version of the CDES concept, and to highlight innovation and analysis needs that could lead to economically feasible demonstrations.


Modified chi-squared and some newly developed tests for the Poisson, binomial, and an approximated Feller's distribution are discussed. A reanalysis of the classical Rutherford's experimental data on alpha decay is done. Previous analyses of the data were not correct from the point of view of the theory of statistical testing. Tests used show that the data contradict to both Poisson and binomial distribution and do not contradict to a precise "binomial" approximation of Feller's distribution that takes into account a counter's dead time. This gives a plausible statistically correct confirmation of the well-established exponential law of radioactive decay.


The Indian retail sector is poised for tremendous growth and thus provides ample opportunities for local and global retailers. Building store equity will not only be a challenge but also be a prerequisite for surviving in the highly competitive market. The objective of the current study is to understand the role of store image, consumer satisfaction, and store loyalty in building retail store equity in the Indian retail market. The study employed exploratory factor analysis for reducing the number of items and linear regression for hypothesis testing. A total of 210 actual patrons evaluated different retail stores. The empirical findings suggest that store image, consumer satisfaction, and store loyalty play a direct, positive, and significant role in building retail store equity in the Indian retail market. Store image was found to have the strongest impact on store loyalty, followed by customer satisfaction on store loyalty, customer satisfaction on store equity, and store loyalty on store equity. This study will add value to literature on store image, consumer satisfaction, store loyalty, and store equity. The study concludes with strategic implications, limitations, and directions for future research.


Sago has long been considered to be a potential food crop in Indonesia, but the government and people have given most of their attention to rice, resulting in inadequate attention to the development and farming of sago in the province of Riau, Indonesia. A study to analyze the potential and prospects for the development of sago agribusiness was conducted at Tanjung village, one of the sago production centers in Riau. The results show that sago agribusiness has a strong regional potential as an alternative crop for food and as a base material for agro-industries. The development of sago agribusiness would support food diversification and agro-industries and, consequently, lead to increased economic activity of all of those involved.


To restrain the surplus torque caused by the rudder's initiative motion to realize the constant torque loading,the mathematical model of the system was established based on the theory modeling and the frequency response identification in this paper.The surplus torque was controlled using H∞ control method.The H∞ controller was designed.The results of the simulation and experiment showed that this method was effective to restrain the surplus torque.


The development of arterial applanation tonometry with modern pulse wave analysis (PWA), which includes estimation of central hemodynamic parameters based on the generalized pressure transfer function (GTF) included in the SphygmoCor ® system, has enabled the noninvasive evaluation of systemic arterial stiffness. Since the 1990s, this method had been applied to clinical studies and large-scale clinical trials, such as the Conduit Artery Function Evaluation (CAFE) substudy of the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial (ASCOT) (1). However, the absence of reference values for these parameters has prevented the use of PWA in routine clinical practice. The study of Wojciechowska et al. published in this journal (2) provided preliminary threshold values of arterial stiffness indexes, including peripheral as well as central augmentation indexes (AI's), that were acquired using the SphygmoCor ® system, and determined by analyzing their distribution characteristics in a normal reference population of white Europeans. Although this was a pioneering study, care should be taken when interpreting the results due to the methodological issues described below. Chen et al. (3) extensively evaluated the use of GTF to estimate central aortic pressure waveform. Their study justified the application of the estimated central waveform only for the acquisition of systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure, and vascular compliance, if clinically acceptable accuracy were to be assured. The report also indicated the difficulty of estimating the central AI in the waveform reconstructed by the use of GTF. In contrast to systolic peak pressure and diastolic pressure decay, which are mostly determined by the lower frequency characteristics of GTF, the estimation of AI is related to higher frequency characteristics. As shown in this and the other reports (4), the variance of the pressure transfer function is larger for higher frequencies, which are essential to reproduce central AI precisely. Needless to say, as the GTF cannot be individualized, if the condition of the subject differs from the average condition in the reference population, there is no guarantee that the estimated aortic pressure waveform is identical with the actually measured one. Therefore, GTF-based estimation of the central AI is not accurate enough to replace the actual central AI. A similar criticism of GTF-based analysis also appeared in a more recent report by Millasseau et al. (5).


By analysing and discussing the origin of Duojiashan rock\|fall in Zhuoni County, the importance and necessity of the evaluation of geological disaster in Gansu province must be emphasized.


In recent years, China's steady and fast economic development has promoted energy production and consumption growth. In the circumstances of global warming and low carbon economy, our country is under the pressure of the energy market reform and energy saving and emission reduction, so effective energy management is critical. Though China has made energy management reforms for several times, there are still many problems in government regulation in the aspects of the concept, system, method, etc. In the increasingly fierce international energy competition, in order to solve the problem of energy management effectiveness, it is important to further improve the legal norms of government regulation, set up independent regulatory agencies to strengthen supervision, and integrated use scientific and effective regulation means such as price regulation, incentive measures and mandatory measures.


Taking automatic determination sulfur's instrument as object,the main energy consumption situation were analysed and discussed,and the energy conservation design methods and measures of automatic determination sulfur's instrument were put forward in this paper.


In order to find out the criteria for the determination of maximal oxygen uptakes of very young children, five boys and five girls, aged four or five years, served as the subjects. They ran on the horizontal treadmill once a day for the constant three minutes on different days. The velocity was increased from the first 100m/min by 20m/min till the last where they could endure no longer for the three minutes. As the consequence, the velocities attained were 100m/min, 120m/min, 140m/min, 160m/ min, 180m/min and 200m/min for boys and 100m/min, 120m/min, 140m/min, 160m/ min and 180m/min for girls. The expired airs were collected at rest and whole through the treadmill running. Heart rates were also continuously registered not only at rest but also during the treadmill running. The following results were obtained 1) At the velocities of 100m/min, 120m/min and 140m/min apparent steady states of heart rates and Vo2 were established within the three miuntes both for boys and girls. But boys showed lower heart rates and higher Vo2 during the steady states at a


Intended to help the Hawaii Vocational Rehabilitation and Services for the Blind administration improve productivity, this report focuses on the measurement of productivity and on the use of program information to monitor performance and to investigate the causes of productivity problems. A process is recommended for establishing performance objectives on agency goals, using a phasing approach where performance objectives are set in the short-term for top priority goals. A recommendation is then made for short-term prioritization of agency goals. These indicators are suggested for top priority: the number of clients closed as rehabilitated, the proportion of clients closed as rehabilitated out of all clients who are accepted for service, the proportion of clients closed into competitive employment, the proportion of noncompetitively employed rehabilitated clients showing improvement in life status and functional abilities, total costs per rehabilitation, and percent of severely handicapped clients accepted for service. As an introduction to the use of performance measures for management decision making, an example is presented of the use of productivity information to identify administrative actions that should be taken when indicators pointto problematic performance. (Author/YLB) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ESTABLISHING PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES ON PRODUCTIVITY GOALS BY HAWAII VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION AND SERVICES FOR THE BLIND (HVRSB) U.S. DEPARTMENT DF EDUCATIDN NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION E[ E CATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. ii Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this docu ment do not necessarily represent official ME position or policy. February 1983 Berkeley Planning Associates 3200 Adeline Street .Berkeley, California 94703 (415) 652-0999 TO THE EDUCA !or AL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Report prepared by: J. Mark Rogers This project has been funded at least in part with federal funds from the Rehabilitation Services Administration under Contract Number 300-81-0435. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Rehabilitation Services Administration, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.


A biochemical treatment project was proposed based on analysis of quality of wastewater from heavy oil production and the technological process of wastewater treatment in Henan oilfield. Both laboratory and field experiments were performed on biochemical treatment of wastewater. Experimental results show that treatment process of biological membrane hydrolytic acidization-biological membrane contact oxidation is suitable for use in this oilfield and water quality after treatment with this process can fully meet the drainage standards of national grade Ⅱ.


In recent years many researchers of mathematics' education have focused on the role of multiple problem solving (problem solving in more than one ways) in the development of subject knowledge.
Two types of multiple problem solving, that can be integrated into teaching practice, are firstly the "multiple solution task" (Leikin et al., 2006) and secondly the "interconnecting task" (Kondratieva, 2011).
This thesis contains a critical presentation of the qualitative characteristics of these two types of problems, within the framework of the basic problem solving approaches developed by Schroeder & Lester (1989) and Mamona-Downs & Papadopoulos (2006), and the results of a first exploratory effort to implement this teaching practice, in three mathematics' classrooms in schools of Patras.
In this thesis we present research results regarding the causes of non-systematic implementation of multiple problem solving in teaching practice. Moreover, we outline specific teaching approaches for the implementation of multiple problem solving in mathematics' teaching. Finally, we critically comment selected responses of participants in the survey, that highlight both the qualitative characteristics of multiple problem solving and the careful planning that is required for this nascent teaching practice in the Greek literature.


Simple Summary The application of ART in Cervidae is crucial for conservation, especially those endangered by extinction, management of farmed deer, and understanding cellular mechanisms in the reproductive processes. The reproductive techniques used in domestic ruminants are adapted in female deer. Nowadays, ART includes synchronization of the estrous cycle, artificial insemination, superovulation, oocyte collection, IVM, IVF, embryo transfer, and cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos. Some reproductive biotechniques, such as IVF, have been already adopted for female cervids with satisfactory results, while others, such as cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos, still require refinement. Some environmental factors influence the success of ART, e.g., stress susceptibility. Abstract There are about 150 Cervidae species on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Only a small part is counted among farm animals, and most of them are free roaming. The universality and large numbers of representatives of cervids such as red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) may predispose these species to be used as models for research on reintroduction or assisted reproduction of deer at risk of extinction. We outlined the historical fluctuation of cervids in Europe and the process of domestication, which led to breeding management. Consequently, the reproductive techniques used in domestic ruminants were adapted for use in female deer which we reviewed based on our results and other available results. We focused on stress susceptibility in cervids depending on habitat and antropopression and proposed copeptin as a novel diagnostic parameter suitable for stress determination. Some reproductive biotechniques have been adopted for female cervids with satisfactory results, e.g., in vitro fertilization, while others still require methodological refinement, e.g., cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos.


In this paper, we define and introduce some new concepts of strongly φ-preinvex (φ-invex) functions and strongly φη-monotone operators. We establish some new relationships among various concepts of φ-preinvex (φ-invex) functions. As special cases, one can obtain various new and known results from our results. Results obtained in this paper can be viewed as refinement and improvement of previously known results.


FIELD: physics. SUBSTANCE: multi-beam antenna comprising a focusing system consisting of a concave mirror, an irradiation device for irradiating a concave mirror consisting of a two-dimensional array of irradiators located at a distance from the concave mirror and overlapping the projection zone of the rays at that distance and a beam forming system. The irradiation device comprises at least one subarray of irradiators providing one beam in a predetermined direction. For each such beam, the beamforming system provides such amplitude-time parameters of the transmitted signal for each illuminator in its subarray in order to form a non-planar wave front equidistant through the concave mirror to the plane wave front of such a beam. The radiating surface of the array of irradiators is outside the self-intersection zone of nonplanar wave fronts. EFFECT: providing a large number of active beams. 4 cl, 8 dwg


Students psychological obstacle is one of the main elements which bungle the implementation of successful teaching. This essay concerns about four kind of schoolroom-teaching reading psychological obstacle: contented sensation, indifferent sensation, solitary sensation, indolent sensation, Then briefly state the corresponding eliminational tactics.


The equestrian sports part of the the Tokyo Olympics 2020 Modern Pentathlon generated a great deal of public discourse over perceived cruelty, centered around the treatment of a horse called Saint Boy. This article looks at the way that the videos of Saint Boy's treatment were used to raise a larger question of welfare for equines in sport and makes some suggestions about how equine sports could be changed to be more sensitive to the physical and psychological needs of horses.


Extended Abstract: As the size and complexity of modern digital circuits increases, tools and methodologies for designing and testing them face extremely challenging barriers. Consequently, a number of approaches have been employed in order to alleviate the burdens associated with such ambitious tasks. Among them, functional abstraction from the transistor and gate level to the register transfer and behavioral level and modular decomposition of the complete design into its constituent blocks have provided an edge. The ultimate goal of these methodologies is to address larger designs by operating at a coarser granularity and to improve the tools' sophistication by applying a " divide & conquer " type of approach. In the test domain, the insufficiency of even the state-of-the-art test generation tools to handle large and complex designs has necessitated the utilization of the above methodologies. Functional abstraction has allowed test generation tools to exploit behavioral descriptions of the design in order to generate high-level test, resulting in encouraging but nonetheless, still inadequate results. Modular decomposition, on the other hand, has enabled highly accurate tests to be derived at the structural level for design modules. However, the justification and propagation through the rest of the design of locally derived tests, has imposed a serious obstacle to combining them into a complete and applicable scheme. Attempts to benefit from the advantages of both approaches require employing modular decomposition for the test generation process and functional abstraction to a higher description level for test justification and propagation. The above observations emphasize the urge for efficient mechanisms that will support the combination of functional abstraction and modular decomposition in order to assure high testability of the complex, modern digital circuit designs. Various researchers have identified the need and have contributed along some of the above directions. Murray and Hayes [MuHa'91] have proposed a test result propagation scheme through modules based on ambiguity sets. Although their scheme is well founded from a theoretical algebraic perspective, it results in extreme complexity and cannot tolerate large datapath designs. Vishakantaiah et al. [ViAb'92] have proposed a test knowledge extraction methodology for hierarchical designs, wherein behavioral capabilities of the modules are extracted in terms of modes and can be further combined in order to provide test justification and propagation paths. The complexity of extracting the modes and globally realizing them has been the limiting factor of this approach. Recently, Tupuri and Abraham [TuAb'97] have proposed a functional test …


A means is given for setting the weights in BiCMOS VLSI realizations of analog neural networks of the Hopfield class. This is achieved by the use of a BJT 4-quadrant current multiplier for which one set of the multiplier's differential current inputs comes from a CMOS differential pair giving a neuron's output current from its input capacitor voltage and the other set of the multiplier's differential currents comes from a differential pair with its input being a weight setting voltage.


This study proposed a wind power generation system utilizing outdoor air on the rooftop and indoor ventilation, which would increase according to the building height, as a way to help to save energy consumption in a building by using wind power energy of the new renewable energy sources. The study measured the distribution of air currents and power generation according to the usage factor of exhaust pipes in the kitchen and bathroom and identified the elements to consider when applying a wind power generation system to buildings in order to use outdoor air on the rooftop increasing according to the height and the indoor ventilation produced in the facility vertical shafts inside the buildings by installing a wind power generation system on the rooftop. (1) The study measured the ventilation velocity of the kitchen hood and bathroom ventilation fan by changing the zone areas by the households according to the usage factor of[α]=33∼100%. As a result, the kitchen ventilation pipe generated the ventilation wind of 3.0㎧ or more at the usage factor of[α]66% or higher, and the bathroom ventilation pipe generated ventilation velocity lower than 3.0㎧, the blade velocity of the wind power generator, even after the usage factor rose to[α]=100%. (2) As the old bathroom ventilation pipe generated the ventilation velocity of 3.0㎧, the blade velocity of the wind power generator, even with the rising usage factor[α], the application of an outdoor air induction module increased the ventilation velocity by 2.9㎧ at the usage factor of [α]=33%, 3.8㎧ at the usage factor of [α]=66%, and 3.6㎧ at the usage factor of [α]=100%. Thus the ventilation velocity of 3.0㎧, the blade velocity of the wind power generator, or higher was secured. (3) The findings prove that the applicability of a wind power generation system using outdoor air on the rooftop and indoor ventilation is excellent, which raises a need for various efforts to increase the possibility of its commercialization such as securing its structural stability according to momentary gusts on the rooftop and typhoons in summer and making the structure light to react to the wind directions of outdoor air on the rooftop according to the seasons.


Implants are poised to revolutionize personalized healthcare by monitoring and actuating physiological functions. Such implants operate under challenging constraints of the limited battery energy, heterogeneous tissue-dependent channel conditions, and human-safety regulations. To address these issues, we propose a new cross-layer protocol for galvanic coupled implants, wherein the weak electrical currents are used in place of classical radio frequency links. As the first step, we devise a method that allows multiple implants to communicate individual sensed data to each other through code division multiple access, combined with compressive sensing method to lower the transmission time and save energy, as well as delegates the computational burden of dispreading and decoding only to the on-body surface relays. Then, we devise a distributed beamforming approach that allows coordinated transmissions from the implants to the relays by considering the specific tissue path chosen and tissue heating-related safety constraints. We then proceed to implement distributed beamforming on a phantom of human tissue and prove an increase in received signal strength and a decrease in BER due to constructive interference of the signals of each implant. Our contributions are twofold: First, we devise a collision-free protocol that prevents undue interference at neighboring implants, especially for multiple deployments. Second, this is the first application of near-field distributed beamforming in human tissue. Simulation results reveal significant improvement in the network lifetime for implants of up to 79% compared to the galvanic coupled links without beamforming. In addition, the implementation of phantom tissue proves improved communication metrics when beamforming is used.


Disclosed in the present invention is a polarization interference surface detecting apparatus using a liquid crystal retarder. The polarization interference surface detecting apparatus comprises: a light generating unit; a first polarizer which adjusts the polarization status of incidence light from the light generating unit; an optical waveguide which causes phase changes between two polarized light due to the changes in surface material for light passing the first polarizer; a liquid crystal retarder which controls phase delay of the polarized light outputted from the optical waveguide, using an electrical signal; a second polarizer which filters the light passing the liquid crystal retarder; and an optical detecting unit which converts the intensity of the light passing the second polarizer into an electrical signal.


Abstract : This report illustrates the application of statistical analyses to the characterization of terrains and to the evaluation of methods for producing contour maps from measured values. The statistical nature of a terrain is shown to have an important bearing on the relative accuracy of alternative interpolation procedures which might be used in contour mapping of the terrain. Methods of interpolation, using three or four data points to arrive at each interpolated value, are examined in detail and shown to be substantially as accurate as more complex methods. (Author)


In this paper I discuss "at-a-glance" properties of textual materials in a series of work environments, including hospitals, libraries and ticket offices. I describe how members visually orient to mundane textual materials ("pro formas") as constituents of courses of action. From the analysis of texts-in-action, I suggest that the organization of administrative texts, including blood-test requests and missing-item reports, is amenable to formal descriptions ("apostolic function", "career"); and situated descriptions (sequencing of activities and use of membership categories). Information is rendered visually available through (a) the spatial arrangements of textual artefacts in social settings; (b) the spatial arrangements or layout of specific documents. These "visibility arrangements" of textual materials are reflexively related to the recognition and retrieval of particular documents.


Coal permeability evolution related to gas pressure is important to coal mining and coalbed methane exploitation. To apply the exponential model of coal permeability, we simplified the stress of coal reservoirs to the uniaxial strain condition. To investigate the permeability of coal samples changed in gas pressure under strain-controlled conditions, we measured the strain and permeability of coal samples collected from 12-1# coal seam in Hongyang No. 3 Mine in Shenyang, China, during gas pressure reduction under strain-controlled and constant temperature conditions using the Gas seepage measurement system in State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining of China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing). The permeability experiment was performed under uniaxial strain conditions using adsorptive gas (carbon dioxide) and non-adsorptive gas (helium). The experimental results show that with decrease in gas pressure, the permeability ratio, k/k 0, of coal samples with helium and carbon dioxide firstly changed slightly with gas pressure from 4.0 to 1.5 MPa and then increased sharply with a gas pressure of <1.5 MPa. Coal samples shrank with the reduction of gas pressure under the uniaxial strain condition. The gas pressure of 1.5 MPa can be considered as the turning point of the volumetric strain change. When gas pressure was <1.5 MPa, the volumetric strain of samples sharply changed because of carbon dioxide gas desorbed from coal when the outlet was open. As the gas pressure decreased, the radial stresses of coal samples with carbon dioxide were less than those of samples with helium. Therefore, coal matrix shrinkage because of gas desorption has an important influence on the radial stress of coal samples under the uniaxial strain condition.


1 Smart cities in Asia: an introduction

SMART CITIES OF THE FOUR ASIAN TIGERS AND JAPAN
2 The Smart Nation: unpacking Singapore's latest mega-digitalisation push
3 Smart-city vision and strategy in Hong Kong
4 Smart Taipei City: understanding policy motivations, approaches and implementation
5 The evolution of smart city in South Korea: the smart city winter and the city-as-a-platform
6 Facilitating innovation for smart cities: the role of public policies in the case of Japan

SMART CITY INITIATIVES OF TWO ASIAN GIANTS
7 The smart city policy of India and its governance implications
8 Smart cities in China: development background, policy measures and implementations

SECOND-TIER CITIES AND SMART CITY DEVELOPMENT
9 Bureaucratic readiness for smart city initiatives: a mini study in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia
10 The smart city as a complex adaptive system: the ebbs and flows of humans and materials
11 'Green' and 'smart' in South Korea: conceptions from the state to the citizen


Overcoming Apartheid: Can Truth Reconcile a Divided Nation? By James L. Gibson. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2004. Pp. 488. $47.50 cloth. Reviewed by John Hagan, Northwestern University and American Bar Foundation, and Sanja Kutnjak Ivkovic, Florida State University Gibson's ambitious goal is to assess the success of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) not only in reducing this nation's racial divide, but also in increasing South Africa's political tolerance, its support for human rights, and the legitimacy of its governing political institutions. He rises to this challenge by analyzing the results of a landmark 2000-2001 survey of nearly 4,000 South Africans. Gibson is cautious but not shy in delivering a bottom-line assessment. He finds that nearly one-half of the South African population entered the new millennium expressing some degree of reconciliation. Given the challenges of overcoming apartheid, the TRC, according to Gibson, has likely delivered as much as could be expected. The reader learns much across the chapters of this book: that reconciliation is a measurable construct, that interpretive truth is critical in creating a collective memory, that intense contact among members of conflicting subgroups can help achieve reconciliation, that the creation of a human rights culture-among the populace and the government-is both a backward- and forward-looking process, that intolerance is a social and not an individual-level characteristic, that amnesty can be a powerful source of perceived injustice, and that public institutions that serve as the backbone of a democracy must develop a substantial degree of legitimacy. Among the strengths of Gibson's accomplishment are the precision of his measurement approach and the cautiousness of his analytic judgments. For example, subdimensions of reconciliation are scaled in a manner that allows Gibson to estimate levels of reconciliation among national subgroups. When the analysis is taken to this level, he finds that reconciliation characterizes the attitudes of more than one-half of Whites (56%) and Colored people (59%) but only about one-third of Africans. When the variable of language is further introduced, over two-thirds of English-speaking Colored people (75%) and English-speaking Whites (64%) are found somewhat reconciled, compared to less than one-fifth (17%) of Sotho-speaking blacks. The latter nearly four-toone difference in reconciliation provides good reason for the cautious framing of Gibson's conclusions (p. 332). Gibson also develops measures of the "truth acceptance" he attributes to the TRC. Here he finds a surprising similarity in the acceptance of the TRC's depiction of apartheid across racial groups, and he attributes this to a complementary acknowledgment and moderation of views across these groups. He can further show that those who are more accepting of the TRC's version of the truth are more likely to be reconciled. He acknowledges that a more convincing demonstration of the causality involved in this relationship would require longitudinal data, which his survey does not provide. Nonetheless, Gibson's use of instrumental variables with his cross-sectional data supports that assumption that the causal flow is indeed from "truth" to "reconciliation." He can then again break this analysis down by subgroups, leading to the finding that the "truth effect" is 0.23 among Africans and 0.53 among Whites. This more than two-to-one difference is added reason for guardedness in Gibson's optimism (p. 334). A particularly intriguing part of Gibson's contribution involves his assessment of the contact hypothesis as an explanatory mechanism for the level of reconciliation that is evident in postapartheid South Africa. Gibson provides important evidence that the segregation, indeed isolation, especially social-psychological isolation, of Africans from Whites is pervasive in South Africa. …


Lithium metal orthosilicates are attracting a lot of attention owing to their promising prospects as potential high capacity cathode materials for Li-ion batteries. Currently, great efforts are being made in order to achieve the full theoretical specific capacity of 330 mA h g(-1), but many issues remain unsolved (e.g., poor structural and cycling stability), which limit their practical application. The present perspective highlights the importance of assessing the electrochemical behaviour of Li2(Fe,Mn)SiO4 by combining an arsenal of characterization techniques both spectroscopic and structural, in and ex situ. Here, we review the most recent achievements in the investigation of the electrochemical performance of lithium metal orthosilicate cathodes and, through some of our recent results, we attempt to clarify the relationship between the structure and electrochemistry of these compounds.


Statistical methods in the direct simulation Monte Carlo procedure and the electron‐beam fluorescence technique were applied to investigate the distribution of density and temperature in a monatomic jet. Initial conditions of investigated flows corresponded to ones under deposition of films from low‐density jets. In calculations, the variable hard‐sphere model for molecular interaction potential and the diffuse reflection model with complete thermal accommodation were used. Distribution of density of Ar atoms in the jet and in the vicinity of the substrate were measured by the spontaneous radiation of Ar i 5912 A (transition 4p[1/2]←4d[3/2]0,1←1') and Ar ii 4610 A (4s'2D←4p'2F0,5/2←7/2) induced by the electrons. The temperature was evaluated with the rotational temperature of N2, a small portion (5%) of which was added into Ar. The quantities of rotational temperature were found by measuring the intensity of the rotational lines of the first negative system N+2 band. The experimental data provide informat...


Bartering is more than a century-old form of exchanging goods or services among traders that does not involve money as a form of payment. This is no longer a common practice in commerce nowadays but that does not mean that this form of trading is obsolete. Some are still engaged into this form of trading and uses social media as platform for informal barter trade. Given this disconnect between current technology and the barter system has led to the creation of e-Barter, a mobile application that host online auction and trading as its main objective. Prototyping methodology was used during the development and in the process so specific objectives were met such as identifying the features of an electronic barter system and the appropriate platform for the development was identified. E-Barter was validated through user acceptance testing gaining a grand mean of 4.62 interpreted as Highly Acceptable in terms of functionality, usability, reliability, portability, and over-all acceptance of the 20 respondents coming from IT field and prospective users. Considering that the main reason why barter occurred long time ago is due to lack of money, e-Barter can be a support for them to address their needs or resolve the idea of utilizing the things they no longer need and exchange it for something useful without involving money in the transaction. Thus, help them save money for the things that they need to acquire.


Purpose – There is limited research on the work alienation of knowledge workers in management studies. This paper seeks to address this gap by exploring the extent and reasons for the alienation of knowledge workers.Design/methodology/approach – In the absence of a comprehensive framework for understanding the work alienation of knowledge workers, various factors such as structural elements of centralization and formalization, work characteristics of autonomy, variety, creativity, meaningfulness and self‐expressiveness, quality of work relationships and justice perceptions were examined as predictors of work alienation. Survey data were collected from six different organizations in the information technology sector (n=1,142) in India.Findings – Around 20 percent of the sample was found to be alienated from work. The strongest predictors of work alienation for knowledge workers were found to be lack of meaningful work, inability of work to allow for self‐expression, and poor quality work relationships.Rese...


In this paper, the research issues and trends are analysed by reviewing the journal of the Korea Society of IT Services which published from Dec. 2002...


This thesis is a study of Thai Protestant Christianity, with a focus on cultural and theological interactions among western missionaries of the American Presbyterian Mission (APM) and the Overseas Missionary Fellowship (OMF), and the indigenous Thai churches that the missionaries created: the Church ofChrist in Thailand (CCT) and the Associated Churches of Thailand Central (ACTC). The thesis offers a comprehensive historical analysis of the growth of Protestant Christianity in Thailand since the arrival of the first American Presbyterian missionaries in 1840. Recognising that the pre-Second World War history ofAPM, and the early history ofCCT, founded in 1932, already exist, the research concentrates on the post-1945 history ofProtestantism in Thailand. This includes the work ofOMF that established itself in Thailand in 1952 following the closure of the work of its predecessor organisation, the China Inland Mission, in China. The primary focus on the more recent history ofProtestant Christianity in Thailand means that equal attention is given to the emergence of indigenous Thai Christianity, both in CCT, and in ACTC that was constituted in 1985. Within this historical perspective, the thesis concentrates on the different ways in which missionaries and indigenous Christians have related Christianity to Thai Buddhist culture within the matrix of Thai Buddhism. The thesis compares and contrasts approaches adopted toward Thai Buddhist culture and Thai Buddhism by the missionaries, analysing differences ofperspective between APM and OMF missionaries. It goes on to compare these with the evolving patterns of engagement with Thai Buddhism and Thai Buddhist culture among Thai Christians ofCCT and ACTC. The thesis demonstrates that there is a distinct difference of approach between APM and OMF missionaries, but that these differences are being resolved in the emerging consensus among Thai Christians of the two traditions as they re¬ interpret their Christian faith in the Thai context.


Technical courses are the most important courses in the major of built environment, which play an important role in the whole architecture curriculum system. The course of built environment is a course content that needs to combine theoretical knowledge with practice. This course is highly specialized and covers a wide range of topics. Through the study of building environment professional, building environment for students to have a certain understanding and understanding, in the actual teaching process, many knowledge of students is difficult to understand, to specific content will appear some confusing problems, in order to improve the effect of classroom teaching, to solve the problems in the teaching process, through the way of combining theory and practice of using virtual simulation software to modern teaching information, improve the teaching effect.


The author of this book is especially qualified to discuss non-insulin-secreting pancreatic islet tumors, since it was his classic publication in 1955 that led to renewed interest in so-called "non-functioning" islet tumors. The first section of the book is a masterful coverage of the entity he modestly calls the ulcerogenic syndrome, although it is known around the world by his name. The text is replete with pictures of scientific contributors, as well as tables and illustrations elucidating basic pathophysiologic concepts. The second part of the book reviews the diarrheogenic syndrome—another symptom complex associated with non-beta-islet tumors. Although the diarrheogenic hormone or substances elaborated by the tumors have not been conclusively characterized, the author presents current suspected possibilities, including secretin, gastrone, and a combination of the polypeptides, gastrone and glucagon. The omission of data incriminating gastric inhibitory polypeptide is probably due to its very recent publication. The clinical aspects of this


The bow of the State is a guideline for the government in running the state administration system. With such a large function, the state's bow as a guide for the government must have a strategic place in the nation's legal products and political products. When the GBHN does not exist, it is clear that the nation seems to lose direction in carrying out all dimensions of nation and state life, the chaos is very massive and the rejection of the nation's pluralism seems to start disturbing the stability of the nation. Development occurs only for the fulfillment of a certain period and control of the use of state budget funds without control. This is the basis of the reinforcement to be re-presented State guidance in the dynamics of life of the nation and the State.


ABSTRACT With growing proliferation of environmental pollution and reduction of energy sources, human being has been always looking for a solution to reduce pollution. One of these solutions is to use solar energy. In this research, a mathematical model is developed for optimization location decision of solar cells to minimize the operational and investment costs. The location of placement and the type of solar technology is planned and optimized by Genetic Algorithm (GA). To show the validity of the model, an accurate solving method is applied for small dimensions. Then, the GA efficiency is shown by comparing GAMS and GA results in large dimensions using the optimum values of the GA parameters. Finally, the applicability of the proposed model is presented for Jarghoyeh power plant in Iran. The results indicate that GA with spending less time could find better answers in comparison with GAMS. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed model.


Evolutionary sequences of solar models have been calculated using the Henyey method of model construction. These sequences were started at the threshold of stability, at which the released gravitational potential energy of the sun is just sufficient to supply the thermal, dissociation, and ionization energies of the model. It was found that the present solar characteristics were closely reproduced when a mixing length equal to two pressure scale heights was used in the convection theory, and when a solar initial helium abundance, based on solar cosmic-ray measurements, was chosen. The sun was again found to have a high luminosity during its contraction phase and to approach the main sequence in only a few million years. Tables of selected characteristics of some of the models are presented.


In this paper, the problem of person-independent facial expression recognition from 3D facial features is investigated. We propose a methodology for the selection of features that uses a multi-objective genetic algorithm where the number of features is optimized to improve classification accuracy. The facial feature selection aims to derive a set of features from the original expression images, which minimizes the within-class separability and maximizes the between-class separability. We used Non-dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA II) which is one of the latest genetic algorithms developed for resolving problems of multi-objective aspects with more accuracy and higher convergence speed. The proposed methodology is evaluated using 3D facial expression database BU-3DFE. Facial expressions such as anger, sadness, surprise, joy, disgust, fear and neutral are successfully recognized with an average recognition rate of 88.18%.