Evaluation of: Barzilay JI, Howard AG, Evans GW et al. Intensive blood pressure treatment does not improve cardiovascular outcomes in centrally obese hypertensive individuals with diabetes: the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Blood Pressure Trial. Diabetes Care 35(7), 1401–1405 (2012). In the ACCORD clinical trial, lowering blood pressure (BP) to normal levels, below currently recommended levels, did not significantly reduce the combined risk of fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular (CV) disease events in adults with Type 2 diabetes. A new post hoc analysis of the same trial also suggests that lowering BP in centrally obese diabetic patients is not a useful means for CV prevention. The authors discuss these findings in the light of accumulated evidence on the relationship between the degree of BP reduction and the risk of CV events in patients with diabetes. In particular, the authors focus on trial and systematic review findings, suggesting that a more intensive reduction of BP in Type 2 diabetes effectively protects from stroke.


Facile and eco‐friendly methods to fabricate novel materials for effective separation of oil‐in‐water emulsion in harsh conditions are urgently desired. Here, attapulgite (APT) coated polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes with underwater superoleophobic property are fabricated by simply leaching APT suspension onto a PDVF membrane using a vacuum pump. More importantly, such membrane possesses outstanding separation capability with separation efficiency higher than 99.2% for oil‐in‐water emulsions not only in mild environments but also in highly acidic, alkaline, and concentrated salty environments. The outstanding chemical stability under harsh environments including strong acidic, alkaline, and concentrated salty conditions makes the membrane become a promising candidate for treatments of industrial wastewater containing emulsified oil/water mixtures in the future.


The establishment of Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl. was evaluated in three conditions of propagation and transplantation in gullies devoid of vegetation in the locality of Atecuaro, Municipality of Morelia, Michoacan. The first condition correspond to plants of known provenance, germinated and propagated under controlled conditions (stratified at 4 °C, germinated at 25 °C with 12 h of light and watered every other day), with the aim of having plants without mycorrhizae and with the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker et Couch. As a second condition, both groups where transplanted at 15


Capacity building of retail trade enterprises can be achieved through the use of modern information technology. The successful development of the enterprise involves taking a series of administrative decisions. The article describes the main business — processes and management challenges retailers. The optimal approach to solving these problems should be based on the use of systems analysis and decision theory in conjunction with data mining tools and modern information technology.


that the depopulation of the population is a negative manifestation of the modern demographic crisis. Reproduction of the population largely depends on its reproductive potential, in the preservation of which ART plays a certain role. The medical, legal, and economic aspects of the use of ART, which become relevant during hostilities, the serious consequences of which can harm the fertility of the population, are clarified. Conclusions. Against the background of the demographic crisis in Ukraine, which is characterized by a decrease in the birth rate and population depopulation, it is important to improve the reproductive health of the population, treat infertility, and help solve the problem of postponing the birth of children in wartime conditions. Improving the quality and accessibility of ART should become one of the priorities of the state's demographic policy.


Objective: The present study focussed on the synthesis of pyridazine analogs to explore broad-spectrum antimicrobial study. Since pyridazine analogs are not conventionally found in nature, and hence, its analogs are studied later. Materials and Methods: All the synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques, namely, UV, IR,1HNMR, and mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial activity was screened by serial dilution method and absorbance was recorded using ELISA reader, subsequently minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined. Docking study was done into the active site of dihydrofolate reductase using Auto Dock 4.2. Results: The present investigation about synthesis, characterization, and biological studies of some new pyridazine analogs were carried out to obtain potent and pharmacologically active compounds. The free energy of binding was in the range of −5.12 to −8.97 kcal/mole. In silico study report was in good tune with laboratory experiments. Conclusions: Most of the compounds were moderate-to-good toward the antimicrobial activity. Compound AJ27 was found to be most active. Results of anti-microbial activity establishes the importance of N3, N6-diphenylpyridazine-3,6-diamine as the basic skeleton required for the antimicrobial activity.


BUFFON, L. P. Boundary Element Method formulations for non-homogeneous reinforced plane domains mechanical analysis. 2018. 146 p. Dissertation (M. Sc. in Civil Enginee r ing (Structures)) – Department of Structural Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineer ing, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, 2018. The reinforced materials are commonly encountered in engineering applications, as in the construction of airplanes, vehicles, ships and general manufactures. In Civil Engineering, the reinforced concrete and the reinforced soil are examples of reinforced materials. The solution of this kind of problem can be found by the use of numerical methods as the Finite Element Method (FEM) and the Boundary Element Method (BEM). Particularly, the BEM use in cases with high stress gradients, such as in fracture mechanics problems, is very advantageous. The BEM models infinite domains in a natural way, being largely used in analysis as soil-structure interaction and tunnel modelling. However, as in the BEM only the boundary is discretized, became necessary the use of a numerical coupling to consider the mechanical effect of the stiffeners. For the coupling many numerical methods can be used, in this study it was realized with the FEM and with the BEM in its unidimensional way (BEM 1D). In this context, the coupling BEM/BEM 1D stands out for its advantages, like the compatibility between the methods and the reduction of approximations. Therefore, the main objective of this study is the development and the comparison of numerical solutions for reinforced media problems, considering the framework of the bidimensional BEM problems. The coupling was implemented considering the stiffeners as truss elements, initially it was implemented in the most usual way, by modelling the stiffeners through the FEM. In the following, a new coupling formulation was proposed, in which the stiffeners are modelled through the BEM 1D method. The BEM 1D implementation was validated by comparing the results with analytical and numerical solutions, the last one obtained with the software FTOOL. Both coupling strategies were compared with the solution obtained by the software ANSYS. Four examples were evaluated, with two isotropic and two anisotropic domains. Different boundary conditions, supports and materials were applied, as many discretization and the approximation degree of the stiffeners were tested. The effects of changing the approximation degree in both coupling strategies keeping the degrees of freedom constant were analysed. The results obtained with the implemented algorithms were mechanically coherent, and they were similar to ANSYS results. For all examples, there is no significant computational costs differences between the two coupling strategies. However, the coupling with the BEM 1D leaded to more stable results and better approximations. It was observed that the MEF results were instable for many results, mainly in the quadratic approximations. When the approximation degree rises, the methods tend to converge to equivalent results, becoming very close in fourth degree approximation. Lastly, it was observed stress concentration in the stiffeners ends. In these regions, the discretiza t ion and the approximation degree have large influence to the numerical response.


Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder charac-terized by a variety of motor and non-motor symptoms. Partic-ularly, several speech impairments appear in the initial stages of the disease, which affect aspects related to respiration and the movement of muscles and limbs in the vocal tract. Most of the studies in the literature aim to assess only one specific task from the patients, such as the classification of patients vs. healthy speakers, or the assessment of the neurological state of the patients. This study proposes a multitask learning approach based on convolutional neural networks to assess at the same time several speech deficits of the patients. A total of eleven speech aspects are considered, including difficulties of the patients to move articulators such as lips, palate, tongue, and larynx. According to the results, the proposed approach improves the generalization of the convolutional network, producing more representative feature maps to assess the different speech symptoms of the patients. The multitask learning scheme improves in of up to 4% the average accuracy relative to single networks trained to assess each individual speech aspect.


Rest assured that, at today's event, you, too, will be confronted with a great many words ending in "-ation" and "-ing", especially since two of the aforementioned words were already mentioned in the invitation. There's also a good chance that you will hear terms such as refinancing and implementation, positioning and focusing, standardisation and stabilisation or even the optimisation of bookkeeping and accounting bandied about today.


There is considerable research into the reduction of plastic for many applications. Reportedly for the first time, researchers have found a way to imbue paper materials with some of the useful properties of plastic. This can reportedly be done easily, cost effectively, and efficiently. A coating called Choetsu is claimed to not only waterproof paper, but also maintain its flexibility and to degrade safely.


Surface area normalization of different electrocatalytic materials for fuel cell applications is of fundamental importance for the comparison of different electrode materials. In this chapter we discuss the methodology for surface area normalization using adsorbed probe molecules. Specifically the methodology using adsorption–desorption of hydrogen and carbon monoxide for normalization of active surface areas is discussed. The method entails the determination of the amount of the probe molecule adsorbed on the surface using different methods. Cyclic voltammetry can be used for both hydrogen and CO. In situ infrared spectroscopy and on line mass spectrometry can be used in addition for CO. The surface coverage of hydrogen and CO is discussed for different single crystal electrode surfaces in order to support the use of these methods.

Keywords:

true surface;
porous catalysts;
probe molecules;
hydrogen;
carbon monoxide;
normalization of reaction rates;
cyclic voltammetry;
in situ IR;
differential electrochemical mass spectrometry


A 40-year-old asymptomatic woman who had been followed elsewhere for a presumed small ventricular septal defect and mild aortic regurgitation presented to our unit with a continuous heart murmur. Transthoracic ECG confirmed the diagnosis of a ruptured aneurysm of the right sinus of Valsalva into the right ventricular (RV) outflow tract. Under general anesthesia, a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) was performed (Figure 1), which demonstrated a rupture of the right sinus of Valsalva …


Abstract Extract Osteochondritis is an avascular necrosis of bone which occurs in the epiphyses of the immature animal. There are reports of this disease occurring at various sites in man (Aegerter and Kirkpatrick, 1968), in the dog (Clayton-Jones and Vaughan, 1970; 1970), and in the horse (Adams, 1966). In man it most commonly occurs in the medial condyle of the femur (Aegerter and Kirkpatrick, 1968) but in the dog the proximal humeral epiphysis is most commonly affected (Griffiths, 1968). I have seen no records of the incidence of osteochondritis in the various epiphyses of the horse but there are re-ports of its occurring in the distal epiphy-sis of the femur, within the carpal and tarsal bones, in the distal epiphysis of the metacarpal bone, in the cervical vertebrae, and in the proximal humeral epiphyses (Schebitz and Schulz, 1965; Adams, 1966; Rooney, 1969; Van Pelt et al., 1970; Morgan, 1972; Raker et al., 1973).


The insurance of the right to protection of health is regulated as obligation of the signatory states in the main international and European documents related to fundamental rights, in the constitutions of these states and in their infra-constitutional laws. In Romania, the right to protection of health is regulated at article 34 of the Fundamental Law, its standards of protection, stipulated in the international and the European acts that our country is part to, obliging the Romanian state, through the constitutional dispositions of article 20 and article 148 paragraph 2, as well. In application of article 34 of the Constitution, there were adopted at national level Law no.95-2006 concerning the reform in the field of health and other normative acts referring to subdomains of public health. A specific form to guarantee the right to protection of health, for each country, is the one realized by criminal law stipulations.


In this Note we study supersymmetry breaking via gaugino condensation in string gas cosmology. We show that the same gaugino condensate which is introduced to stabilize the dilaton breaks supersymmetry. We study the constraints on the scale of supersymmetry breaking which this mechanism leads to.


Magnificence, Brenton's 1973 play, narrates the fateful career of a group of disillusioned young people, who really want to change the world. Invoking the experience of the events of May 1968, the play not only reflects the contemporary despair of defeated alternative culture but also probes for the possibility of viable courses of political action on the Left. Concentrating on the revolutionary's struggle for political change through 'seemingly revolutionary action,' Magnificence investigates the limitation and dilemma of politically oppositional force in comparison with and in relation to the dominant capitalist ideology. Brenton's primary concern in Magnificence lies not in the failure of the revolutionary movement itself but in the exploration into the ideological elements that support the continuous dominance by the ruling class over the oppressed, and degrade revolutionary activism to local and futile terrorism. That is, in Magnificence Brenton explains the gigantic and massive layers of the capitalist ideological machinery which turn the revolutionary's desperate struggle for political change into a petty gesture of terrorism, and he further probes for the possibility of opening the door for genuine revolution. This paper argues that Magnificence is not an agitational propaganda that thrives only in emotional terms. It not only brings oppositional concerns into the heart of official culture but also searches for an active, dialectical relationship with the audience through a more complex account of the existing structure of society. Brenton invites his audience into political dilemmas through the open-ended debates among the revolutionary, the articulate characterization of Right-wing characters, and the evaluation of political terrorism.


Spontaneously formed equilibrium nanopatterns with long-range order are widely observed in a variety of systems, but their pronounced temperature dependence remains an impediment to maintain such patterns away from the temperature of formation. Here, we report on a highly ordered stress-induced stripe pattern in a two-component, Pd-O, adsorbate monolayer on W(110), produced at high temperature and identically preserved at lower temperatures. The pattern shows a tunable period (down to 16 nm) and orientation, as predicted by a continuum model theory along with the surface stress and its anisotropy found in our DFT calculations. The control over thermal fluctuations in the stripe formation process is based on the breaking/restoring of ergodicity in a high-density lattice gas with long-range interactions upon turning off/on particle exchange with a heat bath.


High energy sources operating around 2 μm are of interest in applications such as LIDAR and material processing and have also been used effectively as pump sources for high-energy mid-lR non-linear conversion, an established approach for generating mid-IR lasers. Commonly used bulk laser materials are Ho:YLF and Ho:YAG. However, at room temperature the quasi-three-level nature of these materials is a fundamental limitation, as it requires high pump power focused into small areas in order to reach transparency, leading to wave front distortions and optical damage.


Deep and extensive graben basins are preserved below the South American sub-Andean foreland basins. These features are the subject of frontier exploration in Colombia and Venezuela. Indeed, "traditional" exploration models were based on the superposition of two Wilson Cycles that considered one or more pre-Cretaceous petroleum systems within pre-Cretaceous grabens. Recently, exploration drilling and new seismic interpretation in the Eastern Llanos Basin of Colombia has yielded evidence for thick sedimentary, non-metamorphosed and well preserved Precambrian (Neoproterozoic) successions that may have filled pre-Paleozoic grabens in at least four locations in the Meta region. These grabens were reactivated and/or continued their uppermost infill until Cambrian times; Late Paleozoic-Mesozoic graben/sag /impactogen reactivations are not discounted, but they are difficult to detect because the entire region is still poorly drilled with deep exploration wells. Biostratigraphic findings include well-preserved examples of acritarchs of the genera Kildinosphaera and Leiosphaeridia asperata, recovered in a section of compact shales and sands as deep as 1000 feet below the Eastern Llanos foredeep unconformity. Chronostratigraphic ages range from Early Cambrian to Ediacaran and Mid-Cryogenian, with color indexes in the range of 3+ to 4and reflectance results showing that the Neoproterozoic samples are in the upper gas generation window. The evidence collected provides an unexpected window into the early expressions of life on the planet.


. — The availability of accurate values of the coefficients J 2 , Ji, ... in the Earth's potential and radar determinations of the distances Earth-Moon and Earth-Venus provides relations among astronomical constants different in form from those used in previous efforts to construct a consistent system of astronomical constants. Some of the important relations have gained in simplicity.


The utility model discloses an auxiliary device of ground wire installation. The auxiliary device comprises an operating rod and a wire clamp which is arranged at the top end of the operating rod; the wire clamp comprises an upper clamping piece, a lower clamping piece, and an end piece which are connected through a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is provided with a strong spring which closes the upper clamping piece and the lower clamping piece; contact surfaces of the upper clamping piece and the lower clamping piece are provided with a groove; the groove is provided with a through hole; the through hole is internally provided with a connection limiting piece; one end of the connection limiting piece is movably connected with the lower clamping piece, and the other end of the connection limiting piece is clamped in the through hole of the upper clamping piece; and the end piece is provided with a stay wire and a ground wire. The remote grounding function of the overhead conductor is effectively realized; when the overhead conductor is grounded, the operating rod is pushed, so that the overhead conductor pushes the connection limiting piece to move; the wire clamp under the effect of the strong spring clamps the overhead conductor in the groove of the wire clamp; the operating rod is removed by rotating the operating rod; and the simple and efficient operation is realized.


To analyze enormous datasets, collection of algorithms, associated systems and perform necessary processing on massive data structures there is obligation for a novel trend, which is framed by Big Data. Architecture of Big Data varies across compound machines and clusters with unique purpose sub systems. The data produced from several sources requires analysis and organization with meager amounts of time. To potentially speed up the processing, a unified way of machine learning is applied on MapReduce frame work. A broadly applicable programming model MapReduce is applied on different learning algorithms belonging to machine learning family for all business decisions. By using ML algorithms with Hadoop for better storage distribution will improve the time and processing speed. This paper presents parallel implementation of various machine learning algorithms implemented on top of MapReduce model for time and processing efficiency.


A large number of auxiliary equipment is set up on the shipping system, most of them is rotating machinery and in working state for most of the time, it is very important to identify health condition of equipment to find early damage and avoid fatal failure. Acoustic emission is based on rapid release of energy in case of material deformation or cracking. Auxiliary equipment will continue to emit acoustic signals, which is collected by means of a protable detection device in this paper, parameters like RMS, Peak Factor are calculated to identify health condition in time domain. Through laboratory simulation test and real ship test, the result shows that by comparing the parameters of acoustic emission signal, health condition or its change trend can be obtained, early failure of equipment can be prevented.


The asymptotic behavior of solutions of the Burgers equation with initial value boundary problem on a finite interval with periodic boundary conditions is studied. The equation describes a dissipative medium, so a constant initial profile will evolve to a travelling-wave solution. Its asymptotic limit is periodic 'sawtooth' solution with periodical breaks of derivative, similar to the Fay solution on a half-line.


This paper intends to deepen the topic of damage detection based on non-destructive tests (NDT) for the assessment of the dynamic behavior of RC beams damaged and strengthened both with near-surface mounted (NSM) Carbon and GlassFRP rods. The NSM strengthening with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) rods of damaged reinforced concrete (RC) beams is a viable alternative to the traditional strengthening with externally bonded (EB) FRP strips or sheets. In this paper, static tests were foreseen on RC beams to create cracking, and successively, the RC beams strengthened with NSM CFRP and GFRP rods were still investigated using free vibration tests at different loading levels until failure. The purpose of this research is to compare the response of two different types of strengthening of damaged RC beams based on the strength of CFRP and GFRP rods until failure modes. At different steps of loading, the behavior of beams under experimental vibrations has been monitored by frequency response function (FRF) diagrams. Finally, a discussion of the results is presented.


We discuss the applicability of the Wong formula for fusion cross sections in a single-channel problem. To this end, we carry out a systematic study and compare the approximate fusion cross sections with the exact results in a wide mass region of reaction systems. We show that the deviation of the approximate results from the exact cross sections is large for light systems, even though the Wong formula provides a reasonable approximation for heavy systems. We also discuss the energy dependence of the deviation, and show that for a given projectile nucleus the critical energy, at which the deviation exceeds 5\% of the exact cross sections, increases as a function of the mass number of the target nucleus.


In the recent years, the industry is registering more and more trademarks in unconventional areas like colour, sound and smell. Specially, sounds and colours are commonly trademarked today. Smell, shape and slogan are also gaining grounds slowly and gradually. Besides unconventional trademarks, copyright protection in areas like smell has also been reported. This paper reviews the developments in such nontraditional areas of intellectual property protection.


Alternating current AC is the main drivingforce in the industries and residential areas, but for the long transmission line more than 400 miles AC transmission is more expensive than that of direct current DC.


The agenda setting activities of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have been studied frequently, but the roles they play in the formal, bureaucratic processes of decision- making and implementation of global agreements have remained understudied. This article shows that NGOs are involved in global politics as legitimizers, experts, and watchdogs. NGOs were extensively engaged in the creation and implementation of the Kimberley Process (KP), a global regulatory body, which was created to curb the trade in conflict diamonds. The article demonstrates how the moral deficit of the KP and the legitimacy of NGOs gave NGOs access to KP negotiations; how NGO expertise influenced the KP in its day-to-day operations; and how NGOs served a dual monitoring function from within the KP and as external watchdogs.


In the Grutter case, Justice O'Connor suggested that universities could justifiably try to enroll a "critical mass" of minority students. Enroll fewer than that "critical mass," reason some observers, and minority students will feel too marginalized to perform at their highest levels. In this article, we test whether minority students perform better with other students from their ethnic group in a class or school. To do so, we assemble data on the ethnicity and performance of each student in all classes at two law schools - for three years at one, and for 16 years at the other. Although these schools enrolled a smaller fraction of African-Americans than most law schools, they are located in states with a much smaller fraction of African-Americans than in the United States as a whole. There is also a large amount of variation in the percent African-American across classes. At these schools, we find no consistent evidence that having additional students from one's ethnic group raises a student's performance. Instead, we find some evidence that having additional ethnic peers lowers performance - albeit by a very small amount.


The invention discloses a method and a system for compressing IQ data. The method comprises the steps of grouping IQ data at fixed points at a transmitting end, confirming the largest power of each group of data, comparing the largest power with the largest power when the scale span is calibrated and confirming displacement factors k of the groups; performing displacement and cutting on I data and Q data of each IQ datum in the group according to the displacement factor k corresponding to each group to obtain compression data; transmitting the grouping length n, the displacement factor k of each group and the compression data of each group to a receiving end; and enabling the receiving end to perform data compression according to the grouping length n, the displacement factor k of each group and the compression data of each group. By means of the technical scheme, IQ compression synchronization can be achieved, only one displacement factor of each group of data is transmitted, compression errors of signals with low energy can be reduced, and compression efficiency is improved.


The inhibitory effect of glucose upon 45Ca efflux from prelabeled pancreatic islets was simulated in a mathematical model for Ca2"-cyclic AMP interaction in the process of glucose-induced insulin release. At variance with a previous interpretation, it was postulated that glucose inhibits 45Ca efflux by facilitating the uptake of the cation by the vacuolar system. The latter facilitation did not hinder glucose from provoking a rapid accumulation of cytosolic Ca2" and, hence, insulin release. The postulated facilitation was also suitable in simulating the effect of glucose upon 45Ca efflux, uptake, and intracellular distribution in the pancreatic islets. INTRODUCTION In the present series of reports, a mathematical model for the interaction between Ca and cyclic AMP in the control of insulin secretion (1) was modified to simulate the biphasic pattern of glucose-induced insulin release (2) and to mimic the Ca-dependent stimulation by glucose of 45Ca efflux from prelabeled islets (Scholler, Y., V. De Maertelaer, and W. J. Malaisse, manuscript submitted for publication). For such purposes, it was postulated that (a) the cytosolic and vacuolar Ca pools in the islet cells are stratified in a cortical layer and central core, (b) the stimulant action of glucose on Ca inflow into the islet cells is a discontinuous phenomenon, and (c) the fractional rate of Ca release by the vacuolar system is regulated by the cytosolic Ca concentration in a process of Ca-stimulated Ca release (2, Scholler, Y., V. De Maertelaer, and W. J. Malaisse, manuscript submitted for publication). The aim of the present work is to reevaluate the significance of the second major effect of glucose upon 45Ca handling, namely, the inhibition of 45Ca efflux from prelabeled islets. Such an inhibitory effect represents an early and sustained phenomenon that, however, is masked by a secondary rise in 45Ca fractional outflow rate when the islets are perifused in the presence of extracellular Ca2, (3, 4). Two distinct explanations have been proposed to account for such an inhibitory effect of glucose on 45Ca outflow. First, the glucose-induced decrease in 45Ca outflow could reflect a true decrease in the efficiency of Ca outwards transport across the plasma membrane, e.g., by inhibition of a process of Na-Ca countertransport (5, 6). Second, the decrease in 45Ca outflow could be secondary to a glucoseinduced stimulation of Ca uptake by intracellular orgaBIOPHYS. J. Biophysical Society * 0006-3495/84/10/439/08 Volume 46 October 1984 439-446 nelles belonging to the vacuolar system (7). Such a stimulation, which could be linked to an increase in ATP generation rate, would result in an initial decrease in the cytosolic Ca2" concentration and, according to some authors (8, 9), may be responsible for the inactivation by glucose of a Ca2"-sensitive modality of K+ extrusion from the islet cells. This decrease in K+ conductance could then lead to cell membrane depolarization and the gating of voltage-sensitive Ca2" channels (8, 10). Our mathematical modeling of stimulus-secretion coupling in the pancreatic fl-cell was previously based on the assumption that glucose inhibits the fractional transport rate of Ca from the cytosol across the plasma membrane into the extracellular fluid. In the present study, however, the opposite view is taken; glucose is assumed to increase the fractional removal rate of cytosolic Ca by the vacuolar system. MATERIALS AND METHODS The initial model used in these experiments was previously defined (see Model V in reference 1). In the present series of experiments, however, it was postulated, at variance with our initial model, that glucose fails to affect the fractional outflow rate of Ca from the cytosol into the extracellular fluid. Such a fractional outflow rate was maintained constant at 0.0462 min-', which is the value chosen in our initial model for glucose-deprived islets (1). When the cytosolic and vacuolar Ca pools were stratified in a cortical layer (representing 5% of the total cellular pool) and a central core, the fractional outflow rate of Ca from the cortical layer into the extracellular fluid was increased to 0.9240 min-' in inverse proportion to the relative size of such a cortical layer, so that under steady state conditions the rate of Ca2" outflow from glucose-deprived islets would remain equal to the rate of Ca2" inflow into the islets (2). In all the present experiments, glucose was assumed to enhance the fractional removal rate of cytosolic Ca by the vacuolar system from a basal value of 0.0097 to 0.0400 min-'. The latter value was selected because it resulted in a glucose-induced decrease in 45Ca outflow of the


A model for relating the safety and quality performance in foundation is proposed in this paper. The project aims to study about the relationship between safety and quality performance in foundation by discussing few case studies and field data. The scope of the project is to 1. Identify the reasons for lack of quality in foundation 2. Justify the reasons by case studies 3. Obtain field data from different projects 4. Analyze the data and propose a model to show the relationship between safety and quality in foundation. The study concluded that safety in foundation can be improved by good quality foundation practice which is explained in the paper.


We analyse a stylised game of technology adoption with network effects and two new technologies. Potential adopters can adopt early, late or not at all. We show that one of the reasons for the failure of new technologies can be the presence of multiple incompatible variants of that technology. An adopter's individual incentives to adopt are lower with two technologies than with one. Turning to aggregate expected welfare, we find that two active technologies may be welfare-improving.


This article presents findings from a national survey of nearly 1000 Australian legal practitioners conducted in 2012-13 to examine the working conditions, work experience, and health and wellbeing of solicitors and barristers who practice in a variety of settings. This is the first Australian study to investigate the extent to which stress, anxiety and depression among lawyers are associated with the conditions and culture of legal practice. The results show a remarkably high level of self-reported stress and negative emotional states amongst this sample of practitioners, which is pervasive across different legal settings and demographic groups. Excessive job demands, minimal control over workload and spillover of work commitments into personal life are just some of the work-related factors which are significantly correlated with poorer mental health outcomes. Concerns about the structure and culture of legal practice in Australia are also highlighted.


ABSTRACT Innovative wine makers and marketers increasingly see the consumers' multisensory experience in the tasting room as a means of differentiating themselves from the competition. With recent research demonstrating the influence of music on the wine-tasting experience, the present study introduced music as a unique aspect of a VIP tasting room experience at a family-owned Finger Lakes winery. A convenience sample of 46 participants tasted four oaked still wines (2 white, 2 red) in silence and with a complementary soundtrack, and rated the fruitiness, spiciness, and smoothness of each wine in both sound conditions. Undisclosed to the participants, the soundtrack had been designed to bring to mind woody/spiced elements of oak ageing. It was hypothesised that listening to the oak soundtrack would alter the evaluation of the wines to be smoother and spicier. The results revealed that the wines tasted while the soundtrack were playing in the background were rated as significantly fruitier and smoother than the same wines when tasted in silence. These results are discussed in terms of the literature on crossmodal correspondences and the emotional mediation account. Moreover, the positive feedback from the attendees showcases music as a viable component of a multisensory experience when visiting a winery.


The modality is important topic for modelling. Using parametric models is an efficient way when real data set shows trimodality. In this paper we propose a new class of trimodal probability distributions, that is, probability distributions that have up to three modes. Trimodality itself is achieved by applying a proper transformation to density function of certain continuous probability distributions. At first, we obtain preliminary results for an arbitratry density function $g(x)$ and, next, we focus on the Gaussian case, studying trimodal Gaussian model more deeply. The Gaussian distribution is applied to produce the trimodal form of Gaussian known as normal distribution. The tractability of analytical expression of normal distribution, and properties of the trimodal normal distribution are important reasons why we choose normal distribution. Furthermore, the existing distributions should be improved to be capable of modelling efficiently when there exists a trimodal form in a data set. After new density function is proposed, estimating its parameters is important. Since Mathematica 12.0 software has optimization tools and important modelling techniques, computational steps are performed by using this software. The bootstrapped form of real data sets are applied to show the modelling ability of the proposed distribution when real data sets show trimodality.


The present invention relates to a water-dispersible and water solubility improved form zinc alpha] - Phthalocyanine nanowires (ZnPcNWs), α- form zinc - phthalocyanine nanowire / phenothiazine its preparation method and the composite comprising photosensitizer, or a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancer. Because according to the present invention α- form zinc - phthalocyanine nanowires or α- form zinc - phthalocyanine nanowire / phenothiazine material in a single molecule play a dual thermal and optical efficacy of photodynamic, so the multifunctional molecular systems R & D is very beneficial, and because of the excellent light treatment, and therefore very suitable for light treatment of cancer. Further, since the α- form zinc - phthalocyanine nanowire / phenothiazine itself can fluoresce, the imaging system can be simplified references, while for the diagnosis and treatment by a substance.


Administrative procedure is regarded as a major content of administrative law.Compared with administrative entity,administrative procedure is of independent value which consists of intrinsic and extrinsic worth.Intrinsic worth is referred to the independent value of the procedure itself,including public value,value of right-safeguarding for the private party's rights,value of procedure rationality,value of freedom and efficiency;extrinsic worth is referred to the value of procedure entity,including order and justice value.


The aim of this study was estimated the natural regenerations biomass and also generate an equation to relate this biomass and the number of regenerating individuals from a semideciduous alluvial seasonal forest located in Nova Crixas, Goias, Brazil. The experimental area was consisted by ten plots 10m x 10m each plot was consisted by four subplots of 5m x 5m. It was considered regenerating individuals those with h ≥ 1,3m and D 0 30 < 5 cm. It was obtained a total of 390 samples individuals corresponding to a biomass 4322,5 kg.ha -1 of natural


s 485 Journal of Health Management, 13, 4 (2011): 479–486 the control of local government called Panchayati Raj Institutions. Through an initiative called 'The People's Campaign for Decentralized Planning', Kerala devolved 35–40 per cent of the 9th Five Year Plan (1997–2002) outlay to programmes drawn up by panchayats so as to identify the felt needs of the people, analyze the development problems, assess the strength of local resources, make feasible development schemes, prioritize these schemes and integrate them into a local plan document. Kerala's decentralization may be termed as 2nd degree decentralization as it transferred three (administrative, managerial and fiscal) out of four functions (the fourth being risk) of the centre to the periphery. The objective of this study is to provide an approach to assess the performance of PHCs under decentralized government in Kerala. To study the impact of decentralization on the performance of PHC, a crosssectional analysis of two contrasting scenarios of high and low resource (monetary and material) support from panchayats were employed because the panchayat's control over PHC is essentially derived from the amount of resources they allocate to them. The study was conducted in three stages. The first stage included 990 panchayats which were provided with united grants from the state planning board and were ranked according to their grant in aid allocation to health. The second stage included the 10 panchayats occupying the top five and bottom five positions in the ranking and their respective 10 PHC and 65 sub-centres were chosen. The third stage involved two panchayats, one from each ranking group (PHC-A from the good panchayat and PHC-B representing the not-sogood panchayat along with their respective PHCs and sub-centres), that is, one each from the top and five and bottom five were chosen for the third stage. Published and unpublished government data, panchayat development reports, panchayat and PHC records, facility checklist and key informant and client exit interviews were used for data collection. The findings revealed that the panchayats in Kerala allocated a lower proportion of resources to health than that allocated by the state government prior to decentralization; while panchayat resources grew at annual rate of 30.7 per cent, the health resources grew by 7.9 per cent. Despite the negligible resource support, it made a significant difference to PHC functioning, leading to doubling of patient load and 50 per cent reduction in provider cost per client. PHCs were funded to the extent of


This January 2009 issue of Materials Science and Technology marks the beginning of our twenty-fifth year of publication: our silver jubilee! Anniversaries are identified with materials. Long-standing associations are silver (twenty-fifth), gold (fiftieth), and diamond, originally the seventy-fifth, but changed to the sixtieth when Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee was celebrated in 1897. What is regarded as the 'traditional' list was devised (by Emily Post) only in 1922 and includes also: paper (first), wood (fifth), tin (tenth), crystal (fifteenth), china (twentieth) and the gemstones pearl, coral, ruby, sapphire and emerald for the thirtieth, thirty-fifth, fortieth, forty-fifth and fifty-fifth respectively. These materials were supposedly chosen as symbols of durability and longevity. An investigation in 2008, kindly carried out by Colin Clarkson, Head of the Reference Department, Cambridge University Library, shows that 'Brewer's dictionary of phrase and fable', 1895 (thirteenth) edition, has: wood, tin, crystal, china, silver, gold and diamond; the 1873 edition: wood, silver, gold; the 1870 (first) edition, nothing. For the twenty-first century metallurgist/materials scientist, there is interest in what is in such a list, and what is not. I base my comments on Brewer's 1895 version, but add paper, clearly of interest to a journal.


3 Abstract By improving the gating technology in traditional g ating systems it is possible to reduce the amount of metal to be re-melted, and hen ce reduce the energy consumption for melting in foundries. Traditional gating systems are known for a straight tapered down runner a well base and 90o bends in the runner system. In the streamli ned gating systems there are no sharp changes in direction and a large effort is do ne t confine and control the flow of the molten metal during mould filling. Experiments in real production lines have proven th at using streamlined gating systems improves yield by decreasing the poured wei ght compared to traditional layouts. In a layout for casting of valve housings in a vertically parted mould the weight of the gating system was reduced by 1,1kg wh ich is a 20% weight reduction for the gating system. In a layout for horizontally par ted moulds the weight of the gating system has been reduced by 3,7kg which is a weight reduction of 60% for the gating system. The experiments casting valve housings in ductile i ron also proved that it is possible to lower the pouring temperature from 1400oC to 1300oC without the risk of cold runs. Glass plate fronted moulds have been used to study the flow of melt during mould filling. These experiments have also been used for studying the flow pattern when ceramic filters are used. The thorough study of the use of filters revealed that the metal passing through the filter is divided into a number of small jets. This proves that filters do not have the claimed positive effect on the flow f metal. The volumes necessary on either side of the filter are not filled till a backpressure is build up and results in formation of pressure shocks when backfilled. These pressure shocks result in more


1. Vagal Gastric Acid Secretion-Inhibiting Hormone Quantitative determinations glycine-stimulated acid and gastrin secretion of dog's stomach with Heidenhain pouch revealed that truncal vagotomy was followed by an approximately 50%increase of gastric acid secretion but was also associated with a slightly declining tendency of blood gastrin level, a finding indicating clearly that the secretion of gastric acid occurring following truncal vagotomy is not due to an increase in the circulating gastrin.


The life span of surfacing materials like mastic asphalt on orthotropic steel deck bridges is quite short when compared with those of ordinary road pavements. Several problems including cracking and rutting of the surfacing materials have been reported in many countries. In order to get an insight into these problems, it is deemed necessary to represent the behaviour of the different materials and the geometry of the bridge structure in a realistic way. For this purpose, an extensive experimental programme was carried out and a nonlinear finite element constitutive model was developed. This is the first part of two papers on characterisation of the behaviour of two typical surfacing materials for orthotropic steel deck bridges. Results of monotonic uniaxial compression and tension performed at different temperatures and strain rates will be presented. Furthermore, the response of the materials will be described using a Desai-type material model.


This paper analyzes CORBA characteristic, course of request- transfer and general development course of application program. The key to developing CORBA application program is IDL language mapping. Utilizing the advantage of multi IDL mapping languages fully, this paper put forward one programming language scheme in developing CORBA- based electronic commerce systems with multi language.


The basic principle of Support Vector Machines(SVM) is introduced in the paper.The paper proposes a fast fault diagnosis method of board-level circuit for radar based on SVM because replaceable board-level circuits are too much and traditional fault diagnosis method is not perfect.A platform of fault sample training and fault diagnosis is structured,and then a fault diagnosis experiment is performed on the pre-modulator in one type of radar.The diagnosis result shows that the fault diagnosis method is superior to others.It can accurately locate fault.


The Sabiriyah Middle Burgan Reservoir is a part of the North Kuwait Resource which is under-developed. It has a high degree of reservoir rock and fluid heterogeneity, and until recently the establishment of mobile oil was given low priority. In the presence of giant reservoirs, the Middle Burgan Formation is one of the "Minor Reservoirs" thought to have limited opportunity for production upgrade. Improved reservoir characterization and subsequent high definition 3D Static model enhanced the possibility of testing the Middle Burgan. The successful testing results from the first exclusively drilled well and idle well bore penetrating the reservoir showed the reservoir to have potential for dry oil production. These results also helped to prepare a development plan for the reservoir and to identify follow-up actions that will aid increased oil production and reserve accretion. The Middle Burgan Formation is a stacked shoreface deposit forming prograding parasequence sets made up of upward-cleaning and shallowing parasequences. The parasequence sets reflect the overall transition in depositional environment from muddy offshore deposits, through heterolithic offshore transition zone deposits, to lower shoreface sandstones. The Middle Burgan Reservoir was subdivided into 4 major layers and 17 sub-layers based on sequence stratigraphy and rock quality index. These geological layers combined with 3D seismic data provided the framework for the structural model. The high-resolution geocellular model was built while integrating all the components, which included the deterministic structure maps and petrophysical results. The model and visualization proved valuable for interpreting the primary depositional and secondary digenetic processes that left their influence on Middle Burgan rocks. The study helped in understanding the reservoir heterogeneity and reduced the uncertainty in the identification of sand. With this more accurate estimation of water saturation, resources previously qualified as "wet" in normal clastic reservoirs can now be exploited as producible reserves. In addition, the study helped to develop the Middle Burgan Reservoir leading to new drilling and workover opportunities. This led to more than a 600% increase in oil production, and estimated 100% increase in recoverable reserves. Ultimately this study supported a long-term development plan and reserves growth for North Kuwait.


This paper proposes a reconfigurable decimator architecture for a multi-standard receiver front-end. This architecture is based on direct radio-frequency bandpass sampling and analog discrete-time multirate signal processing. The overall front-end consists of a low-noise amplifier followed by a tunable charge-domain sampler, a reconfigurable decimator, and an analog-to-digital converter. The proposed decimator is constructed as a cascade of four switched-capacitor filtering stages. The frequency responses and the decimation factors of these stages are digitally controllable thus enabling high reconfigurability. The advantages of the proposed design are a high image rejection, a low overall implementation complexity, and high flexibility. The feasibility of the design is evaluated by computer simulations.


Stakeholders have a dramatic impact on the corporate security organisation within a corporate system. Equity holders, managers, employees, trade unions, and other internal stakeholders exert the greatest in!uence on the corporate security system. As corporate security operations expand and become intertwined with di"erent business processes, corporate security's impact on the company revenue grows higher. #is paper will discuss the results of the study conducted among the sta" of the NIS j.s.c. Procurement Sector. #e goal of this paper is to examine how the employees, being signi$cant internal stakeholders, perceive the role of corporate security in NIS j.s.c. in their core business practices, and to identify activities requiring improvement so as to raise the business operations security to a higher level.


The authors describe a study of the feasibility of employing mildly mentally retarded persons as care givers in a day care center.


Data mining is the process of extracting previously unknown information from large databases or data warehouses and using it to make crucial business decisions. Data mining tools find patterns in the data and infer rules from them. The extracted information can be used to form a prediction or classification model, identify relations between database records, or provide a summary of the databases being mined. Those patterns and rules can be used to guide decision making and forecast the effect of those decisions, and data mining can speed analysis by focusing attention on the most important variables.


The potential for grazing regrowth on intensive-early stocked Flint Hills pastures was studied. Treatments, in a randomized complete block design, were mowing and removing herbage, mowing and leaving herbage, applied at the beginning of each month from October 1983 to April 1984 and October 1984 to April 1985 and 1 May burning/mowing comparison standard. Big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) rhizomes were collected from the plots at biweekly intervals from October through April and monthly thereafter for total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) (mg g-1) analysis using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. The plots were clipped for herbage production biweekly from 1 May to 15 July, 1984 and 1985. Soil samples were taken from 0-15 cm in each plot on 1 May, 1 June, 1 July, 1984 and 1 May, 15 May, 15 June, 15 July, 1985 to gravimetrically determine total soil moisture. Winter mowing dates had no effect on herbage yields the following season. Herbage yields were higher and TNC was lower in 1984 than 1985. Greater precipitation during May and June of 1984 compared to 1985 was likely responsible for the higher yields in 1984. Conversely, less precipitation in July, August, and September of 1983 than normal probably resulted in lower carbohydrate storage at the end of the growing season which carried over through the 1984 growing season. TNC was lower in the October-raked, April-raked, and April-nonraked, treatments compared to the May-raked treatment only between 15 March and 1 July of both years. Lower TNC did not result in lower herbage production. Winter mowing dates had no effect on total soil moisture. Total soil moisture was higher in plots with the mowed herbage returned than in plots with herbage removed. Cattle producers can apparently restock intensive-early stocked pastures after 1 October. The availability of intensive-early stocked pastures as a winter forage provides more marketing flexibility for cattle producers. Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy Analysis of Total Nonstructural Carbohydrates in Big Bluestem Rhizomes Abstract Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to determine the total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) (mg g-1) content of big bluestemNear-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to determine the total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) (mg g-1) content of big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) rhizomes. Forty rhizome samples covering the range of available TNC in rhizomes of big bluestem were analyzed for TNC content using the Khaleeluddin-Bradford dual-enzyme extraction method followed by the Shaf fer-Somogyi copper-iodometric titration method. These 40 samples were again analyzed by a Technicon InfraAnlyzer 500 (I/A 500) NIRS scanning monochromator. A step-wise multiple regression program identified wavelength combinations which produced the highest correlation between enzyme extraction-titration analysis and NIRS wavelength-absorbance analysis. The best wavelength combination chosen from the I/A 500 absorbance data was used to calibrate a Technicon InfraAnlyzer 400 (I/A 400), a fixed-filter, 19-wavelength instrument. A multiple regression program calculated the regression coefficients from the absorbance values collected from the same 40 samples on the I/A 400 at wavelengths of 1680, 1778, 1818, 1940, and 2348. The final regression equation produced a multiple correlation coefficient of 0.987 with a standard error of prediction of 0.473. NIRS analysis of TNC in big bluestem rhizomes produced yearly fluctuations representative of big bluestem rhizomes. This study showed that NIRS is a rapid, efficient alternative to the enzyme extraction-titration method when large numbers of samples are to


BACKGROUND: Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for advanced malignancies has been associated with developing immune-related adverse events (irAEs) severe enough to require the cessation of life-saving tumor immunotherapy. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to identify predictive inflammatory markers of the development of immune-related thyroid dysfunctions in patients with cervical cancer (CC) and non – small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated by ICIs. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on twenty-seven patients with CC and NSCLC treated by ICIs. The data were collected before and 12 weeks after treatment. Complete blood count-derived inflammatory markers: dNLR (derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio), NLR (neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio), SSI (systemic inflammation index), PLR (platelet to lymphocyte ratio), WHR (white blood cells to hemoglobin ratio) were calculated. In addition, thyroid functional tests were collected. Data statistical analysis was performed by STATISTICA (Stat soft, Inc, USA). RESULTS: Five patients out of twenty-seven with CC treated by PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors who developed hypothyroidism showed significantly high baseline PLR and low WHR compared to patients without clinical symptoms of hypothyroidism and reference levels TSH and FT4. Association between NLR, dNLR, SSI, and thyroid dysfunction was not observed. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show a strong correlation between hypothyroidism and WHR and PLR biomarkers. As a result, using these biomarkers for early identification of hypothyroidism helps treat thyroid dysfunction and improves cancer immunotherapy outcomes.


Abstract. A systematic study of the magnetic properties of ultra-fine particles of Mno. 5 Feo. 5 Fe2 04 spinel system has been undertaken. The effect of temperature on the magnetic properties of particles and the ferrofluid has been studied. Analysis of the data yields information on the anisotropy constant, particle size distribution and superparamagnetic behaviour. The results are explained on the basis of existing theories.


The representation theorem for F-transitive fuzzy relations is used to prove that the set of reflexive, symmetric and F-transitive fuzzy relations on a set X, F being an Archimedian t-norm, is dense in the set of Z-transitive relations on X. It is also shown that any similarity relation can be represented as a limit of a sequence of transitive relations with respect to Archimedean t-norms.


Objective:Choosing experimental conditions of the determination of microscopic characteristic constants of Fructus Corni by homogeneous experimental design and measuring the microscopic characteristic constants of Fructus Corni from different areas and classes.Methods:Volume analysis is used to determine the microscopic characteristic constants of Fructus Corni.Results:The determinations of the microscopic characteristic constants of 8 samples and the study of correlation of the chemical component and the microscopic characteristic constants of Fructus Corni are completed.Conclutions:It is scientific and reasonable using the homogeneous experimental design to choose the experimental conditions and the microscopic characteristic constants of different areas and classes are of difference.


Varicose veins of the lower extremities are a fairly common vascular pathology. Aneurysm is one of the types of dilation of venous vessels. It occurs quite rarely, only isolated cases are described in the literature [3,5]. As a result, there are certain difficulties in determining the pathology and its classification, which leads to difficulties in diagnosis and treatment


A comparative study of 13 organic and 13 neighboring conventional arable farming systems was conducted in the Netherlands to determine the effect of management practices on chemical and biological soil properties and soil health. Soils were analyzed using a polyphasic approach combining traditional soil analysis, culture-dependent and independent microbiological analyses, a nematode community analysis and an enquiry about different management practices among the farmers. Organic management resulted in significantly lower levels of both nitrate and total soluble nitrogen in the soil, higher numbers of bacteria of different trophic groups, as well as larger species richness in both bacteria and nematode communities and more resilience to a drying-rewetting disturbance in the soil. All factors together indicating a higher level of soil health under organic management.


We use an automated Voigt-profile fitting procedure to extract statistical properties of the Lyα forest in a numerical simulation of an Ω = 1, cold dark matter (CDM) universe. Our analysis method is similar to that used in most observational studies of the forest, and we compare the simulations to recently published results derived from Keck HIRES spectra. With the Voigt-profile decomposition analysis, the simulation reproduces the large number of weak lines (NH I ≲ 1014 cm-2) found in the HIRES spectra. The column density distribution evolves significantly between z = 3 and z = 2, with the number of lines at fixed column density dropping by a factor ~1.6 in the range where line blending is not severe. At z = 3, the b-parameter distribution has a median of 35 km s-1 and a dispersion of 20 km s-1, in reasonable agreement with the observed values. The comparison between our new analysis and recent data strengthens earlier claims that the Lyα forest arises naturally in hierarchical structure formation as photoionized gas falls into dark matter potential wells. However, there are two statistically signficant discrepancies between the simulated forest and the HIRES results: the model produces too many lines at z = 3 by a factor ~1.5-2, and it produces more narrow lines (b < 20 km s-1) than are seen in the data. The first result is sensitive to our adopted normalization of the mean Lyα optical depth, and the second is sensitive to our assumption that helium reionization has not significantly raised gas temperatures at z = 3. It is therefore too early to say whether these discrepancies indicate a fundamental problem with the high-redshift structure of the Ω = 1 CDM model or reflect errors of detail in our modeling of the gas distribution or the observational procedures.


One of the primary tasks of a Cognitive Radio (CR) is to monitor a wide spectrum and detect vacant channels for secondary transmission opportunities. However, the requirement of prohibitively high sampling rates to monitor a wideband, makes this a challenging task. In this paper, we present a novel wideband spectrum sensing model that reduces the sampling requirement to a sub-Nyquist rate, proportional to the number of occupied channels in the wideband spectrum. The sampling scheme is efficiently implementable using low-rate analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). The sensing algorithm uses techniques borrowed from theoretical computer science and compressive sampling, to detect the occupied channels with a high probability of success. The algorithm is implementable for spectrum sensing in a single CR, as well as in a decentralized CR-network with minimal communication between one-hop neighbors. We provide theoretical expressions for probability of detection and run-time requirements of the scheme. Our simulations show that the proposed scheme exhibits a performance similar to a Nyquist-rate energy detector, even with low SNR conditions and high under-sampling factors.


Objective : To compare the geometrical properties and the microstructural components between the radial artery and the coronary artery, providing data for applying the radial artery to coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods : The morphological data of the radial artery and the coronary artery in 25 cadavers (nonvascular diseases) were observed and measured. The quantitative study on the microstructural components and the area of lumen, intima and media were also conducted by using an image analysis stystem on histologies! sections of Van Gieson's and Weigert's staining. Results : The outer and inner diameters in the radial artery were close to that of the coronary arteries, but the area of intima and the luminal stenosis rate of the radial artery were markedly smaller than that of coronary artery. There was no significant difference of the vascular smooth muscular contents among them. The ratio of C/E (collagen/elastin) of the radial artery was smaller than that of the coronary artery. The contents of the microstructural components in the radial artery and the coronary arteries were similar. Conclusion : The radial artery is an alternative vessel for coronary artery bypass grafting.


We argue that applications can benefit from the offloading of processing tasks into the data path of next-generation networks, where custom packet processing functions can be implemented. We present the concept of application-layer services and how they can be integrated into our existing network service architecture for easy use and control. Using a web server application as an example, we discuss how an application can be partitioning between end-system and offloading tasks. Our prototype implementation based on an Intel IXP2855 network processor demonstrates that web page access times can be improved by using our application-layer services.


The monomeric, single-atom oxochromium species present on the surface of silica-supported Cr(VI) catalysts was characterized in detail using resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy over a range of excitation wavelengths corresponding to the primary electronic transitions of Cr(VI)/SiO2. The findings resolve a long-standing controversy regarding the possible contribution of mono-oxoCr(VI) sites, (SiO)4Cr═O, postulated to coexist with the well-established dioxoCr(VI) sites, (SiO)2Cr(═O)2. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and a normal coordinate analysis conducted using a chromasiloxane model cluster confirm prior assignments of bands in the nonresonant Raman spectrum at 986 and 1001 cm–1 to the symmetric and antisymmetric stretching modes, respectively, of the dioxoCr(VI) sites. For all excitation energies, the symmetric stretch shows apparent resonant enhancement. Since all of the electronic transitions are strongly allowed, this finding is consistent with A-term enhancement. UV excitation at 257 nm ...


This article reviews our efforts in the development of indole melatonin (MLT) agonist and antagonist compounds. Evidence is presented which indicates that high-affinity melatonergic agonists were obtained by shifting the MLT amido side chain from the C-3 to the N-1 indole position. Conversely, by moving the side chain from the C-3 to the C-2 indole position it is possible to produce MLT antagonist compounds.


The present invention, from a medium comprising magnesium lactate, about excellent preparation of lactic acid and / or lactate. In the method, magnesium lactate, sodium, potassium, calcium and / or ammonium hydroxide, 9 to 12, preferably at a pH range of 9.5 to 11, sodium, potassium, calcium, and / or lactic acid salts of ammonia to produce a magnesium hydroxide. In the process according to the present invention, lactate and magnesium hydroxide is produced. The so-called SWAP reaction of the, if carried out in a pH range of 9 to 12 to produce magnesium hydroxide particles, which can be easily separated from the lactate salt solution formed.


Polymer dielectrics with high energy density and low dielectric loss are highly desired due to the rapid development of electric devices. Among known polymers, poly(vinylidene fluoride-ter-trifluoroethylene-ter-chlorofluoroethylene) P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) is one of the promising materials for energy storage capacitor applications because of its high dielectric constant. Nevertheless, it suffers from high dielectric loss especially at the high electric field, which suppresses its breakdown strength and energy storage density. Herein, sandwiched structure dielectric films were fabricated by employing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as the outer layer and P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) as the central layer. By modulating the thickness of the central layer, an enhanced discharged energy density of 7.03 J/cm3 is achieved at a high electric field of 480 MV/m, which is 132% more than that of P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) at its maximum electric field 300 MV/m. Meanwhile, this sandwiched structure film also retains a high discharge efficiency of 78% at 480 MV/m, which is never been seen in polyvinylidene fluoride-based polymers. Results show that PMMA acts as charge barrier and simultaneously enhance the breakdown strength and suppress the dielectric loss of P(VDF-TrFE-CFE).


The prediction analysis is the approach which can predict future possibilities based on the current information. The prediction analysis can be done using the technique of classification and neural networks. Every educational institute aims at delivering quality education to their students, to meet this institute must able to evaluate teachers' as well as students' performance so that they can provide appropriate guideline to student and can able to arrange proper training for teachers also. Many researchers have developed systems which able to evaluate students' performance but improving students' performance is not the sufficient to provide quality education as teacher plays an important role in educating student.


Since the establishment of the World Wide Web and online social media networks, people have changed the way they communicate, share experiences, and connect with each other, both in their professional and personal lives [1]. Billions of users exchange digital information on popular sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn but also in smaller and topic-specific networks [2, 3]. The ever-increasing number of users and content shared makes it challenging for information systems to process all the information, especially if we consider the increasing speed at which content is generated [4, 5]. Consequently, new open issues have risen regarding the effective and efficient processing of such high-speed large-scale volumes of data in online social media. How can we build machine learning systems that can handle and scale to the impressive volume of data? How can we keep a low latency in the response to classifying new real-time data? How can we classify users and their behavior? How can we early detect changes in the user's behavior and emerging trends? These are open questions to the data science scientific community [6–8]. In recent years, the design of machine learning systems to detect bot networks [9], fake content [10], or hate speech in social media, among many others, has gained increasing popularity. One may think of fake reviews on Amazon, fake news on user forums, bots on Twitter following/retweeting certain politicians to promote political campaigns, or hate campaigns aimed at systematically attacking certain underprivileged groups with messages full of hate [11, 12]. All of these are growing challenges in online social media networks which demand new machine learning solutions. Analyzing temporal and contextual patterns in this data is important to discover emerging topics, trends, correlations, causations, and periodic occurrences, happening on real-time data. Data stream mining is the machine learning area devoted to analyzing real-time high-speed online data. This chapter will present some advances on research and applications of data stream mining to problems in online social media.


We have analyzed the principle of alternation in the MST pedagogical practices, adopted by the National Program of Education in Agrarian Reform, in order to know – assuming those practices interpolate the attempt of pragmatism to harmonize individuals and society – how this principle can produce "creative" individuals. The methodology articulates Maingueneau, Laclau and Mesquita. We have built four categories (power elevation; necessity of establishing relations with institutional milieus; tension with these milieus; ideological desire of universalization) and three analytical dimensions (methodology; spatiality; finality). Within this methodology, we have analyzed two MST documents (one public and one restricted to MST), four interviews (3 members and a teacher), as well as scientific articles by intellectuals involved with MST. We have concluded that to conduct creatively the experience means to break with the cumulative notion of principles.


Emergent vegetation development, wave extinction and soil erosion are strongly interrelated processes in exposed riparian zones. The above-ground parts of the vegetation reduce wave energy, while the below-ground parts strengthen the soil. On the other hand, vegetation development may be restricted as a result of wave stress. Interactions between waves, soil erosion, and emergent vegetation were studied during three consecutive years. Two helophyte species, Phrug-mites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel and S&pus lucustris L., were planted in separate bank sections on two types of sediment, sand and silty sand, in a wave tank. Regular waves were transmitted through 4 m wide bank sections with and without helophytes growing on a horizontal part. Bank profiles, wave transmission patterns and vegetation parameters were measured after exposure to waves with a height of 10 cm (Year 1) and 23 cm (Years 2 and 3). Both 10 cm and 23 cm waves affected bank profiles. Erosion of the banks occurred due to downslope transport of sediment. Soil erosion patterns closely reflected the patterns of standing waves over the horizontal part of the bank. Emergent vegetation influenced the erosive impact of waves by both sediment reinforcement and wave attenuation. A smaller amount of net erosion was measured in the wave-exposed sections covered by vegetation than in the unplanted sections. The stands of Scirpus wave attenuation (measured as relative wave height reduction) was measured in the fully developed vegetation in August of each year in both types of vegetation.


In the peer-to-peer type of topic-based publish/subscribe (P2PPS) model, each peer (process) can publish and receive event messages with no centralized coordinator. A peer is allowed to publish and subscribe an event message with topics which are in the publication and subscription topics of the peer. Some information may flow from a peer to another peer if the peer publishes an event message to the other peer. We have to prevent illegal information flow to occur by publications and notifications of event messages. In our previous studies, the subscription-based synchronization (SBS), subscription initialization SBS (SI-SBS), topic-based synchronization (TBS), and SI-TBS protocols are proposed. In the SBS and SI-SBS protocols, it is checked whether or not illegal information flow to occur in terms of subscription and publication rights granted to each peer. However, even some legal notifications are banned while no illegal event message is notified. In the TBS and SI-TBS protocols, only topics which each peer manipulates are considered. In this paper, we evaluate the protocols in terms of the number of notifications banned.


A TRAUMATIC arteriovenoiIsfi~tula; is tHe result. o(simultaneous injury .to an adjacent artery and vein. There are~wo types of. communication: aneurysmal .varix and varicose aneurysm. In aneurysmal varix the vessels. communicate directly imd in varicose aneurysm a false aneurysmal sac is interposed betvyeen the communicating vessels oris .attached to either artery or vein. , Since 17 57 when' Williain Hunter described. a case of arteriovenous .' aneurysm, "much has been recorded from experimental and Clinical observa'tion to establish the principles ofitsdiagn,osis and treatment; From time to . time . also ,the literature on the subject has been exhaustively reviewed '. (Callender, 1920; Holman, 1937; Albright and Hale, 1946)~. War prpvides an . opportunity for oDservation~ontraurriatic fi!ltulre, on account of their increased incidence in wounds causedby sharp weapons and by such high-velocity pro, jectiles as shell or bomb fragments and bullets. ' , . A unique ,contribution was. made by Makins (1919, 1922) in his comprehensive study of gunshot injuries to blood~vessels, in the 1914-18 War. During and since the second World War (1939-:-45) much of value has been . added to our knowledge of arteriovenousaneurysins.Howev~r, most observat~ons have been concerned mainly with the early results of treatment and the present paper reviews treatment and its late results in a small number of cases.


Ethical principles for the protection of human subjects in clinical research are now well recognized,' and rooted in the inherent worth and dignity of the individual. Respect for persons recognizes people as autonomous agents and requires that their choices be observed. For persons who are not fully autonomous, the principle of respect for persons requires that they are protected from risks and adverse consequences of research, even sometimes excluded from research. Beneficence (do good) and non-maleficence (do no harm) are complementary ethical principles that impose affirmative duties on researchers to maximize any benefits for subjects and minimize any risks. Thus, researchers must go beyond mere respect for a person's choices. The researcher must be vigilant to ensure that the subject receives all possible benefits and avoids all possible harms from participating in the research. Justice requires that human beings be treated equally unless there is a strong ethical justification for treating them differently. Thus, the distribution of benefits and burdens in research should be equitable. In thinking about justice toward subjects, researchers need to consider equitable selection so that individuals are chosen on the basis of factors clearly relevant to the problems being studied. Researchers also need to consider equitable distribution of advantages to research subjects and others who could benefit from the knowledge gained by the research. These ethical principles have found expression in international guidelines for the conduct of clinical researcht, and have been codified in national statutes and regulations, particularly in the developed world.3 Ethical principles help support autonomy and selfdetermination, protect the vulnerable, and promote the welfare and equality of human beings. But traditional ethics focuses primarily on individual rights and duties, and does not always see individuals as part of wider social orders and communities. A person dominated medical ethic is insufficient for the task of setting moral and human rights boundaries around the conduct of research on populations. This paper provides a halting first step in organizing a set of ethical guidelines for the conduct of populationbased research, surveillance and practice. These principles are not distinct from, but an expansion of, traditional ethics. Research ethics, which matured significantly from the Nuremberg Code through to the Helsinki JY and the CIOMS guidelines, nourished the individual human spirit. Ethical principles should have a similarly profound impact in the development of science and the protection of human populations in the 1990s and beyond.


CdxZn1-xS thin films were deposited on glass substrates by chemical bath deposition (CBD) in solutions containing cadmium sulfate, zinc sulfate, thiourea, ammonia sulfate and ammonia. The effect of low Cd2+ concentration on the film properties was systematically studied by experiments and simulations, while the film properties were greatly improved by optimizing the concentration ratios of different solutions. The SEM results show that the films have optimal homogeneity and denseness at a Cd2+ concentration of 0.007 M. Also, XRD results at this concentration indicate that the films have better crystallinity. The optical characterization results illustrate that the transmittance of the films is up to 90% at 500 nm–800 nm, and the band gap value of the films varies from 3.05 eV to 3.72 eV when the Cd2+ concentration is 0.001–0.009 M.


Based on 2PC protocol in distributed database system, this paper presents a practical communication algorithm——communication tree algorithm. With the number of nodes N, the algorithm shrinks the communication time to O(ln(N)). The basic thought is to assign proper work to the other nodes besides the communication source node, and so shorten the system responding time. Then it gives the algorithm to construct the communication tree and time function. Finally it lists some main kinds of data relative to system responding time.


The purpose of this study was to determine the management of tennis athlete coaching at PELTI Lampung Province. This research is included in qualitative research. Sampling was done by purposive sampling to select research subjects. In this study, interviews, observations, and documentation were used to collect data. The interactive data analysis model was used in this study, which consisted of three parts: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the PELTI of Lampung Province has carried out and carried out the management of coaching tennis athletes well. A thorough preparation process has been carried out by PELTI Lampung Province before the field tennis sport developed in Lampung Province. Starting with the preparation of funding for sports, finding human resources, and preparing tools for training needs. Although the management of tennis athlete development is good, it still has to be developed in a better direction


This chapter explores how French texts echoed shared ideas about labour in the plantation context. Plantation labour employed the bodies of slaves in new, proto-industrial processes. Within this context the concept of accumulation was central to understanding slaves and the free. Commentators show the importance of numeracy to colonial knowledge, which organised labour, space, and productivity. This knowledge implied forms of belonging and exclusion. Slave labour remained human labour and could be disrupted by social dynamics and desire. The distinctions between slave and free even encompassed time, which was inseparable from accumulation and power. Comparison with free indentured labourers illustrates the condition of the slave, and comparison with animals demonstrates what was gratifying or repellent about slave labour.


Photograph of a painting by David Godoy featuring a woman holding a baby standing in front of an angry crowd.


Liquid biopsy, screening cancer non‐invasively and frequently by detecting and quantifying molecular markers in physiological fluids, would significantly improve cancer survival rate but it remains a distant goal. The key obstacles presented by the highly heterogeneous samples are rapid/high‐yield purification and precise/selective marker capture by their antibody and oligo probes. As irregular expressions of these molecular biomarkers are the key signals, quantifying only those from the cancer cells would greatly enhance the performance of the screening tests. The recent discovery that the biomarkers are carried by nanocarriers, such as exosomes, with cell‐specific membrane proteins suggests that such selection may be possible, although a new suite of fractionation and quantification technologies would need to be developed. Although under‐appreciated, membrane microfluidics has made considerable contributions to resolving these issues. We review the progress made so far, based on ion‐selective, track‐etched, and gel membranes and advanced electrophoretic and nano‐filtration designs, in this perspective and suggest future directions.


Oxygen consumption rate has been determined to study the effect of 'Gal Geun Tang' upon stress resistance of rats. The oxygen consumption rate of liver tissue increased slightly when normal rats were given the Gal Geun Tang infusion only. When rats were given the infusion after an injection of typho...


The ACON Model Classes (AMoC) are a collection of algorithms implemented in C++ for approximation of functions and modeling of technical processes. The algorithms are accessible from the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment via the MATLAB to C interface or by integrating the C++ classes in programs written by the user. The aim of this document is to introduce the design of AMoC and to show the user how to access the models realized in AMoC.


Recent radar-based human activity recognition (HAR) researches focus on time-Doppler images in one particular range bin. However, image-based methods suffer from low representation efficiency, and analysis in one range bin results in information loss for non-in-place motions. This paper proposes a novel radar-based HAR with range-distributed time-Doppler sparse point cloud (RTDSP) and multi-channel PointNet to address this issue. First, sparsity-based features are extracted as a limited number of sparse points to characterize human activities in the time-Doppler domain. Next, it is extended to motion-distributed range bins to obtain a range sequence of the time-Doppler sparse point cloud as RTDSP features. Then, multichannel PointNet is designed to learn multi-domain features from RTDSP for classification. Finally, comprehensive experiments were conducted to demonstrate its feasibility and superiority by achieving an average accuracy rate of 97.0% in recognizing six typical daily human activities.


Pentagraphs are used to supply electric power to train via trolley lines. The higher train speed is, the higher voltage and current levels are. Since electric power is supplied with slinding contact, localized abrasion is inevitable. It is difficult and dangerous to measure their shape manually. Measurement system of pentagraph slider with ultrasonic processing has been reported. In this paper, measurement system with image processing is proposed. The system consists of CCD cameras, image grabber board, and PC operated on Windows'95. Image processing algorithms are presented and some results are illustrated.


For chloride current issue of erosion of concrete structures,this article analyzes the way and undermine their way of erosion.Through this analysis,raised a number of practical control measures,in order to study the durability of concrete to accumulate experience.


This unit introduces the terms and concepts needed to understand non-spatial databases and their underlying data models, including a motivation of the need for database management systems; an overview of database terminology; and a description of non-spatial data models.


Wavelet transmultiplexers based on orthogonal perfect reconstruction filter banks can play a role in channel encoding for digital communications. Synchronization of the receive end of the transmultiplexer is needed for reliable communication, imposing certain requirements for acquisition and tracking. Consequently, the response of the transmultiplexer in out-of-synchronization states is of interest in developing ways to acquire and track. We prove that a two-band, J-stage wavelet transmultiplexer based on a perfect reconstructing, orthonormal filter bank maps stationary, uncorrelated white input processes into stationary, zero-mean, uncorrelated white output processes, independent of the synchronization state.


Introduction: Tonsillitis is the most commonly encountered health related problems in the general population. Good hydration, use of analgesic along with antibiotics is important for treatment. Penicillin was recommended as the first line treatment for bacterial tonsillitis but now has been replaced mostly by newer antibiotics. This study was attempted to compare the efficacy of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (AMC) and azithromycin in tonsillitis.Materials and Methods: Prospective, randomized study was carried out in 70 patients of tonsillitis visiting Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital (NMCTH), Attarkhel, Kathmandu, Nepal.  After clinical assessment and recording   of baseline sign and symptoms score, patients were randomized into 2 groups. First group received amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and second group received azithromycin. Efficacy of both drugs was compared by reduction in the sign and symptoms score in tonsillitis on 6th day. I.e. after five days of treatment.Results: Both drug groups demonstrated statistically significant reduction in sign and symptoms score after 5 days of treatment when compared from baseline. However, the clinical efficacy of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and azithromycin did not differ significantly (P>0.05).Conclusion: This study suggests that both the antibiotics, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and azithromycin had similar efficacy at the end of 5 days treatment. Journal of Universal College of Medical SciencesVol. 6, No. 1, 2018, page: 22-26


This paper deals with the order-batching problem in low-level picker-to-part warehousing system. In order batching, orders are combined as much as possible so that the order picker can pick a set of combined orders at the same time. For each of the three routing policies, traversal, return, and midpoint routing policy, we develop an efficient order-batching algorithm based on a cluster analysis. To show the validity of the algorithms, they are compared with an existing algorithm in terms of the total travel time and number of batches grouped.


A two-step MOCVD growth process is used to fabricate antiguided VCSELs incorporating a simplified-antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide (S-ARROW) design. Preliminary results show lasing in both the guided modes of the reflecting ring as well as the leaky modes of the S-ARROW. Optimization for high-single-mode powers is discussed.


Parametric decay instability (PDI) is an important process in ionospheric heating. HFPLs and HFILs in spectra of ISR are the direct observational evidences of PDI excitation. Stimulated electromagnetic emissions (SEE), enhanced airglow and artificial ionized layer are also closely related to PDI. The focus of this talk will be on the generation of PDI and Langmuir turbulence based recent observational and simulational study. This presentation includes a few topics: (1) Recent heating experiments presented excitation of PDI during the O-mode heating period by EISCAT. We suggest that the full dispersion relationship of the Langmuir wave can be employed to analyze the O-mode parametric instability excitation. A modified kinetic electron distribution is proposed to satisfy the matching condition of parametric instability excitation. (2) The simulation results of 1D Zakharov model show that caviton collapse dominate in higher altitude area and cascade dominate in lower altitude, which is consistent with strong Langmuir theory (SLT). Based on the spectrum analysis, the development of PDI to Langmuir turbulence is investigated in details. (3) Langmuir turbulence leads to strong electron acceleration. Generation mechanism of Langmuir turbulence and electron acceleration are also discussed with the help of numerical simulations.


Under the competitive environment, most enterprises are facing a problem that the profit will be gradually less. How to develop techniques to enhance their competitive capabilities is the primary work. Recently, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), a technique for many enterprises to strengthen their competitive capabilities, can be used to solve the issue. Aside from CRM strategy, Supplier Relationship Management (SRM), which is the way to manage the relationship between suppliers and enterprises, is another concept proposed to solve it with an opposite logistic thinking. CRM strategy will be implemented based on the Customer Service Life Cycle (CSLC) model. Besides, we will employ the concept of CSLC model into constructing a new model suitable for implementing SRM strategy, which is called the Supplier Service Life Cycle (SSLC) model. Finally, an integrated framework for implementing CRM/SRM during an Electronic Commerce (EC) environment, based on life-cycle model, is defined.


In Chapter 1, we assumed without justification the existence of demand functions. We provide a basis for that assumption in this chapter by considering individual preferences. In so doing, we seek not only to describe rather more completely the properties of demands but also to establish a framework within which we shall operate for the rest of the book. Section 2.1 discusses the axioms of choice and how they lead to utility functions and to the system of choice described by utility maximization. Section 2.2 is concerned with the transition from utility to the demand functions; the traditional constrained maximization approach is discussed and its drawbacks enumerated. Section 2.3 presents consumer demand in terms of cost minimization rather than utility maximization. Marshallian uncompensated demand functions, defined on prices and outlay, are contrasted with Hicksian compensated demand functions, defined on prices and utility, and the central concept of the cost function is introduced. Section 2.4 uses the apparatus of cost minimization to derive the properties of demand. Symmetry and negativity (the "law of demand") are presented as is the Slutsky equation linking the price derivatives of compensated and uncompensated demands. The generality of these results is contrasted with those obtained through more traditional approaches. Section 2.5 is concerned with the meaning of "duality" in consumer theory, and we show how the cost function can be used as an alternative to the utility function as a representation of preferences.


During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, the use of laparoscopy has been discouraged by the Intercollegiate General Surgery because of its potential for aerosol generation and infection. In contrast, the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons and the European Association of Endoscopic Surgery recommend continuing to use laparoscopy but with devices to filter released CO2 aerosol particles. However, commercially available systems are costly and may not be readily available. Herein, we describe a custom‐made system to safely remove surgical smoke and CO2, as well as a case of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in which we used it.


In next generation network, types of services will be more diverse due to the increment of users demand. Traffic Engineering (TE), which solves the problem of performance optimization in network, cannot meet the QoS needs of different services because of the limitations of routing strategies in existing networks. Software-defined network (SDN) is a promising network paradigm that separates control plane and data plane, and enhances network flexibility. SDN brings benefits to TE via collecting and analyzing data dynamically. Existing mobile network solutions mostly focus on single network, such as radio access network or core network. In this paper, edge nodes in software-defined backhaul network are selected as the entrances of network flows from base stations in heterogeneous cellular network. An Access Selection Method (ASM) is proposed to choose access nodes by measuring the similarity between the service characteristics and performance of backhaul edge nodes with weighted Euclidean distance. Network flows traversing the edge nodes split into multiple sub-service flows among backhaul based on types of services. A Service Awareness Routing (SAR) scheme is proposed to minimize overhead from perspective of service combining ASM. The joint design with SAR and ASM solves entrances selection and network flowing routing problems in consideration of network services. Extensive simulations show the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed scheme.


The issues of functional safety of the on-board electrical complex of vehicles under exposure of electromagnetic interference are considered in this paper. Besides, the modern practice of organizing the process of assessing the immunity of electrical systems of cars is shown.


Abstract The interactions of alkyllead salts with avian eggs were studied both in vitro and in vivo. During 74 h incubation in viable American kestrel (Sturnus vulgaris) eggs, trialkyl and dialkylleads (each at 50 ppb as Pb) rapidly traversed biological membranes within the eggs and were accumulated in the yolk and in the developing embryo. Since the chick resorbs the yolk just prior to hatching, it will be burdened with the majority of alkylleads present in the egg. During the experiment dialkylleads but not the trialkyllead homologs were extensively degraded. There was an appreciably greater interaction in vitro of each of the four alkyllead salts with the yolk fraction than with an equivalent weight of egg white from chicken eggs. This interaction was not influenced by 31 yg Fe (0.8 equivalents of the total Pb added) and only a very small portion of the total interaction could be attributed to the presence of ovotransferrin. These in vitro observations suggest that the lipophilic character of egg yolk ...


The invention relates to a thick-thin-tex piled yarn as well as a preparation method of thick-thin-tex piled yarn fabric. The piled yarn is formed by combining two yarns with different tex, back twisting, and spirally stranding in the length direction of the two yarns. Thick-thin-tex piled yarn fabric comprises a fabric body formed by warp yarns and weft yarns and is characterized in that the warp yarns and the weft yarns in the fabric body are the thick-thin-tex piled yarns; or the warp yarns or the weft yarns in the fabric body are the thick-thin-tex piled yarns, and the warp yarns or the weft yarns are twisted yarns or filament yarns. The processing method of the thick-thin-tex piled yarn fabric comprises the following steps of: beaming, slashing, drafting, weaving on machines and after-finishing. According to the preparation method of the thick-thin-tex piled yarn fabric, the labors and materials are saved, energy is saved, emission is reduced, the characteristics of original roving cloth, such as excellent performances of moisture absorption, air permeability, fluffiness, softness and skin-friendliness, are ensured, and the tension resistance, the strength and the wear resistance of the fabric are further improved at the same time.