......................................................................................................................................................... iv CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION, EMPLACEMENT, AND METHOD ..................................................................... 1 Research Question ......................................................................................................................................... 2 Contextualizing "The Field' ............................................................................................................................ 2 Method and Ethics ......................................................................................................................................... 4 Accompaniment as Method ....................................................................................................................... 4 Ethnographic Engagement: Ethical and Practical Challenges ................................................................... 6 Informed Consent ....................................................................................................................................... 8 Chapter Outline .............................................................................................................................................. 9 CHAPTER TWO: ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO SENILITY AND DEMENTIA ......................................... 11 The Anthropology of Senility and Dementia ................................................................................................ 12 Biomedical and Personhood Approaches to Dementia ............................................................................... 14 Memory, Narrative, and Personhood .......................................................................................................... 17 Broadening the Scope of Memory ............................................................................................................... 19 CHAPTER THREE: PRACTICES OF CARE, WORLD-MAKING, AND SUBJECTION ................................................. 21 The Ward as a Space of Intersubjective Engagement .................................................................................. 21 Practices of Care: A Form of World-making ................................................................................................. 23 Making Embodied Subjects: Dependency and Discipline ............................................................................ 27 Temporality, Rhythms, and Routines ........................................................................................................... 28 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................... 30 CHAPTER 4: LANGUAGE, RELATIONSHIP, AND PERSONHOOD ........................................................................ 31 Language within the Context of the Ward ................................................................................................... 32 Speech Communities and Difference ........................................................................................................ 32 Addressing Residents Directly/Speaking To Residents ............................................................................. 34 Speaking About Residents ........................................................................................................................ 36 The Material Effects of Naming and Interpretation .................................................................................... 38 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................... 41 CHAPTER 5: THE COMPLEXITY OF MEMORY RECOLLECTION, PERFORMANCE, PRACTICE ............................ 42 Intersubjective Memory Practices and the (Re) Construction of Personhood ............................................ 43 Remembering Identities/Invoking Personhood ........................................................................................ 43 Problematizing the Notion of the Narrative Self ...................................................................................... 46 Un ive rsi ty of Ca pe To wn vi Expanding the Scope of Memory ................................................................................................................. 47 Memory Loss, Temporality, and Relationship ............................................................................................. 49 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................... 52 CHAPTER 6: IN CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................... 53 References ....................................................................................................................................................... 58 Appendix A ....................................................................................................................................................... 63


Understanding Islamic education can be traced through the entire history of the emergence of Islam itself. Islamic education is a process of guidance to humans that includes physical and spiritual based on religious teachings and dogmas (Islam) in order to form the main personality according to Islamic rules in his life so that he will get happiness in the hereafter. Globalization causes such a fast and unstoppable flow and so many and varied flows of information. And the flow of information not only affects knowledge but also the values of Islamic religious education. The development of globalized customs among young people, so that religious values are increasingly abandoned, because they are considered old and outdated. The research was conducted using qualitative research types with a literature research approach. The qualitative approach was chosen considering that the purpose of this study is to obtain an overview of Islamic Education as a Solution in Facing Global Challenges. Islamic education in the ladder of globalization challenges stated above, which is carried out strategically by fixing internal problems. The point must be to design an educational model that is truly original from the basic concepts of Islam and in accordance with the socio-cultural environment of Indonesia. Facing the challenges of modernity, Islamic education must take a strategic step by first building an integrative scientific paradigm. Islamic educational institutions redesign their functions by choosing educational models that are relevant to changing times and the needs of society. The right choice is to adapt the modern educational model in the Islamic education system.


JAZIRAT AL-'ARAB FI'L-QARN AL-'ISHRIN. By HAFIZ WAHBAH. 10 x 6£, pp. ix + 438. Cairo, 1345-1935. The Sa'udi Arabian Minister in London shows himself in this work to be a writer of no mean talent. The book opens with a detailed politico-geographical description of Arabia, followed by a summary of the political activities of the Sharifs during and after the War, and a longer account of the reign of King 'Abd al-'Aziz Ibn Sa'ud. The narrative moves smoothly, because free from excess of detail, and in its levelness of tone and freedom from polemics and exaggeration it is extraordinarily persuasive. Unvarnished in style but never dull, it is enlivened by personal anecdotes and experiences and little touches of humour. One would have liked to have more information about the social and industrial organization in the towns. On the other hand, the numerous documents (some of which the author tells us he retrieved from the palace after the Wahhabi capture of Mecca) inserted in the text and the appendix make it a most valuable source, and the work as a whole would be well worth bringing to the knowledge of a wider circle.


Collaborative beamforming has already demonstrated its potential of significant power savings in distributed sensor networks. In collaborative beamforming, the antennas of the sensor nodes form a distributed antenna array in an effort to direct the radiated energy to the desired direction and thus increase the overall power efficiency of the network. Existing studies, however, have not addressed several major design issues: how to (1) optimally select a subset of radiating sensors for a given receiver to obtain optimal beamforming performance, (2) alternate among subsets of radiating sensors to prolong the lifetime of the sensors and robustness of network connection to the receiver, and (3) do so in the presence of synchronization and localization uncertainties. In this paper, we first define the problem of selecting the subset of sensors that achieve optimal beamforming performance. We then propose a heuristic algorithm with complexity O(M log M), where M is the total number of distributed sensors, that simultaneously addresses the above three issues. In particular, we demonstrate its effectiveness in realistic scenarios with synchronization and localization errors. Further, we show that real-time grouping can be achieved even when thousands of sensors are spread over large distances of over 1000 wavelengths.


Objective To study the nursing approaches to hypoglycemic reaction in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods Proposing a set of precautionary procedures by review and analyzing the characteristics of the hypoglycemic reaction in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Results 37 patients′ condition improved after timely treatment. 1 patient died from various underlying diseases with multiple organ failure after salvage attempt failed. Conclusions The awareness of the risk and consequences of hypoglycemic reaction is the most important in clinical observation and nursing of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Frequent rounds to the wards, closely monitoring patients′ conditions, as well as informative instruction to patients in understanding and managing the illness are critical to the success of the salvage when the hypoglycemia occurs.


In this thesis,combining with our school elaborated on the report in the management of students in the traditional manual approach to deal with the shortcomings of student information.Then introduces the students to report the system architecture,each functional module design and implementation,as well as the key technology used in the system.The system relies on the campus network,using PHP + MySQL + Apache development technology,the interface is simple and feasible,with high practical value.


The ultimate load and collapsing modes of steel frames under combined vertical and horizontal forces are investigated through finite element (FE) modelling and limit analysis. Consideration is given to a frequently overlooked problem which is the kinematics arising from the actual rotation of the plastic hinges under axial force and bending moment. This fact draws attention to the necessity of a careful assessment of the limit analysis approaches, a fact that might be seen as somewhat in line with the outcome from famous paradoxes, such as the one by Stüssi and Kollbrunner (1935), which can only be solved by making reference to both elastic and plastic deformations. As a result, it can be shown that in such a manner, it is possible to obtain a handy tool capable of competing with much more computationally expensive methodologies. The approach may be relevant to practising engineers dealing with code prescriptions and standardization committees.


A new device to measure surface tension with a torsional rheometer is examined. With this apparatus static and dynamic measurements of the suifaee tensicm are Yer?e. The resul~s of the tests are promising but they are the range or' applied strains t e s l o w . This might be cased by tooerude approximations in the theory used to derive the surface tension from the torque or the rheologycal properties measured-by the rheometer. -


In response to the personal protective equipment shortages caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, our team established a collaboration with Orlando Health and Stratasys for the development, validation and mass production of 3D-printed, custom-fit N95 respirators and face shields. The partnership has delivered more than 5000 face shields to local Central Florida hospitals, including Orlando Health and Lakeland Regional.


The sudden life change causes diabetes mellitus (DM) patients to show some negative psychological reactions, therefore, the self-care, locus of control, and self-esteem become important for diabetic patients as a control towards their disease. The study aimed to analyze the correlation between self-esteem and locus of control with the self-care ability of DM type 2 patients. The study was the correlation with 122 samples of DM type 2 patients. Data analysis applied is the Pearson correlation coefficient, t-independent test, and multiple linear regressions. The result shows that there was a correlation between selfesteem and self-care ability with the correlation coefficient of 0.777 (p-value 0.000, α: 0.05). There was a correlation between locus of control and self-care ability with a correlation coefficient of 0.665 (p-value 0.001, α: 0.05). Data were analyzed by multiple linear regressions. There was a correlation between self-esteem with respondents' self-care ability after controlled by education variable, marital status, and profession (B = 0.266, SE=0.32). There was a correlation between locus of control with self-care ability (B=0.147, B=0.37). It was concluded that the most dominant variable which affects self-care ability was self-


Editor,—Drs Garden and Davidson raise some very important points concerning the best oestrogen preparation for long term replacement in ovarian failure.1 Their comments are principally directed at oestrogen replacement during adulthood rather than pubertal induction. The latter is most easily effected using ethinyl oestradiol, because suitable low dose …


Computerized teaching system has evolved from multimedia on single computer to network multimedia. According to the teaching principles of constructivism, this paper presents an implementation of a self_teaching system based on client/server structure, and the formation of knowledge network.


Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have recently acquired prominence in a variety of applications such as remote monitoring and tracking. Since it is virtually hard to recharge the nodes in their remote deployment, also, the transmission of data from nodes to the base station requires a significant amount of energy. Thus, our research proposes a routing protocol, namely hybrid falcon-improved ACO Nature-Inspired Optimization using a deep learning model to reduce energy consumption while increases the network lifetime. In the developed model, initially, the falcon optimization technique is utilized to locate the best possible cluster heads in the quickest possible time. Furthermore, to improve the quality of service in routing optimization a new improved ACO has been proposed in which linear flexible operator and the premier operator are used to increasing the iteration speed. Finally, the optimum route is obtained through DBNN based on predicted energy. As a result, our proposed model gives a lifetime as 121 s and energy consumption as 0.041 J at 500 rounds when compared to the baseline approaches. Therefore, our proposed approaches provides better routing and improves the QoS as well as the energy consumption which increases the longevity of mobile nodes.


Predicting, prognosticating, and fortune telling—they are one and the same. Biliary atresia (BA) consistently brings misfortune to the lives of children unfortunate enough to have it. Before the invention of the portoenterostomy procedure by Dr. Kasai in the 1960s, the misfortune was indeed great—100% mortality in early childhood—and fortune telling was, therefore, extremely easy. Dr. Kasai's invention substantially reduced the misfortune due to BA: a child with BA could expect an extension of life outside of early childhood with about 50% probability and even hope to reach adulthood, although the probability of that was low. The great advance occurring in the intervening 4 decades that has changed the fortune of a child with BA is the emergence and evolution of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Current 5and 10-year survival rates for OLT recipients with BA exceed 90%, no matter what the age of the child is at the time of transplant. OLT is, therefore, a terrific, life-saving fallback to portoenterostomy in the management of BA, and together they provide extended survival beyond early childhood in 95% of cases. In addition, fortune telling is again easy, at least in terms of predictably living beyond early childhood. Despite these therapeutic successes, those involved in the care of children with BA still feel the need to tell fortunes. What if the parents of a child newly diagnosed with BA want a prediction of whether the child will need a transplant and when? The "whether" is pretty easy: any baby with BA has a greater than 80% probability of needing a liver transplant given today's data and no major therapeutic breakthrough. The "when" is not so easy: only about half of patients with BA requiring transplant will need it before 2 years of age. In other words, predicting at the time of diagnosis whether a child with BA will require a transplant before 2 years is the same as predicting "heads" on a single coin toss. In this issue of Liver Transplantation, Pape et al. read the "tea leaves" represented by scars in liver biopsies obtained at the time of diagnosis in 53 children with BA to determine if their pattern improved the prediction of outcome in these circumstances. Liver biopsy interpretation is closely akin to reading tea leaves: it is highly subjective and very dependent on experience. In order to improve liver biopsy interpretation in this setting, the authors focused on one aspect of the biopsy, namely fibrosis, that they thought might be related to outcome. They used picrosirius red staining in combination with computerized morphometry to interrogate liver biopsies obtained at the time of diagnosis to provide objectivity. As a result of this analysis, each biopsy was assigned a score (Vfib) that represented the relative amount of fibrosis that each contained. These biopsies were acquired over a 5-year period (19982003), but they underwent picrosirius red staining all at one time for the purposes of this study. Presumably, the management of the cases was not influenced by the degree of fibrosis observed at the time, and thus the relationship between Vfib and the primary outcome (survival without transplantation) was considered to be unbiased. It became necessary to translate the continuous variable Vfib into a binary one—less fibrosis/more fibrosis—with the receiver operating characteristic approach to determine its relationship to prognosis, which could be only good or bad. The main finding of the study was that a liver at the time of diagnosis with a Vfib score of 2.5% predicted great outcome (positive predictive value 100% for survival without transplantation). If one sets a high positive predictive value (or


Abstract: Poet John Betjeman and painter John Piper shared an emphasis on visual attentiveness to place, which in its moral and aesthetic valuation, challenged contemporary standards of taste, especially those modern ones that excluded ornament and the picturesque. With regard to English Christianity, as I argue, both pursued forms of neo-Romantic, moral architectural praise and analysis, engaging the socio-cultural debate, not in terms of a set of frozen critical laws, but within a flexible practice of personal engagements that, nonetheless, set forth strong positions on sentiment, tradition, and sacrament. In doing so, both men reemphasized rootedness and love. "[I]t wasn't a question of creating a taste for Gothick or anything else that JB makes fashionable because he, JB, is really, not just fashionably, in love with the subjects and that love is greater than taste.... JB doesn't satirize things because he doesn't hate them: what he does satirize is the absence of love which he does savagely." --Myfanwy Piper to John Murray (Hillier, New Fame 401) "[L]ook to the Victorians, not for a copy book but for an example: an example that in matters of colour it is better to be too vulgar than too nice; too fussy than too simple ... that marbling is still more attractive to the eye than marble veneer, that to express your taste in your shopfront, whether it is good or indifferent taste, is more laudable--and will ultimately attract more and better custom--than to adapt a fashion that forbids self-expression." --John Piper, "Shops" (Mowl 101) Introduction The poet and critic John Betjeman and the visual artist John Piper were good friends for much of their adult lives. They shared an interest in the regional towns and locales of England, and did much in their own way to promote and to protect these. They also shared a love for English architecture, including ecclesial architecture, for both were practicing Anglicans throughout their mature careers. Their mutual influence is an inevitable aspect of the criticism of either man, and this is especially true in regard to how each worked out what he loved in his art. (1) Much of Betjemans work as a poet, as an architectural critic, and as a preservationist grew out of love of place, but not simply place. Betjeman believed he wrote out of reverence for people and for the places bound up with them (Letters 1.426-27). Locale for him was not just spatial, but also social and historical. (2) Architecture at its best represented historical accumulation, and what he repeatedly denounced was the removal of the accretion of the past in such a way that it rendered a place no longer itself. It was Piper in the late 1930s and '40s who helped Betjeman to see that love as a moral and aesthetic response was larger than models of taste, that attentiveness to a place was a wider, less judgmental category than critical absolutism. Piper's attentiveness as a visual artist recognized the contextual thickness of a building--its social use, its history, its location, its scenery--and yet did so in search of aesthetic form. Their shared method of response both influenced and was influenced by their Anglican faith, though often very differently. Despite the importance of their faith, Piper's chief biographers, David Fraser Jenkins and Frances Spalding, have expressed some discomfort with the artist's religious leanings and, thus, tend to downplay faith's importance to his aesthetics. This has not been the case with the chief scholars in Betjeman studies--the biographer Bevis Hillier, the anthologist Stephen Games, and the critic Kevin J. Gardner. Gardner, in particular, has done much to show the importance, even centrality, of Betjeman's faith to his poetry, his architectural preservationism, and his general topophilia. In this, I am persuaded by much of Gardner's work, though where Gardner tends toward an existential and personalist reading of the poet, I am interested in further exploring how Betjeman and Piper were part of a series of intellectual and cultural resistances. …


Man seems destined to estrange himself from his natural environment. He does not wish to isolate himself in this way, but seems likely, nevertheless, to do so in the end. As a true creature of technology, man would become a particularly curious evolutionary phenomenon, and his metamorphosis would raise fundamental questions about the nature of evolution itself. Some aspects of these questions, which would increasingly involve technology on its own account, are discussed in this article.


Several applications - for example, study of biological tissue movement and organ growth - require shape correspondence with a physical basis, especially for shapes or regions lacking distinctive features. For this purpose, we propose the adaptation of mechanical strain, a well-established physical measure for deformation, to the problem of constructing shape correspondence and measuring similarity between non-rigid shapes. In this paper, we demonstrate how to calculate strain for a 2D surface embedded in 3D. We then adjust the correspondence between two surfaces so that the strain varies smoothly across the deformed surface (by minimizing the change in strain). The final strain on the deformed surface can be used as a measure of shape similarity.


The inter-subjective relations of physics with disciplines of humanistic cycle, which facilitate the formation of ecological culture of pupils at the context of modern use of informatics, are shown.


The linear effect is a typical kind of color-weave effects of fabric,which are made from different color yarns and fabric weave.Linear color-weave effects of fabric are widely applied in garment and decoration fields because of their particular decorative fabric texture.The researchers analyzed the array theory of weave point of linear color-weave effects of fabric,discussed the array elements of fabric weaves,from double colors to plural colors,including lengthways and transverse effects,and enumerated some methods of combinatorial design of the effects such as linear combination,planar-combination,and linear-planar-complex.Finally,the primary concept about computer design on linear color-weave effects of fabric was presented along with designs and tips for practical product development.


Introduction and aims: The study shows the analytical and numerical model ing of cantilevered beam with a rectangular cross section and loaded wi th concentrated force at the end. The study shows the derivation of equations and formulas for beam deflection angle and deflection of the beam. The aim of the study is to numerical and grap hical analysis for function of deflection angle of the beam and function of the beam deflection. Material and methods: In this paper has been shown a beam mechanical mod el based on the literature of the strength of materials. The analyt ical and numerical method by using Mathematica program have been described in the pape r. Results: From these equations were obtained formulas for th e angle of deflection and deflection of the beam. Using Mathematica numerical analysis w as performed for selected operating parameters beams as a concentrated force, the lengt h of he beam and Young's modulus of the beam material examining their interaction pairs. Conclusions: Using Mathematica it is possible to perform streng th analysis for function of deflection angle and for function of beam deflectio n f r the relevant parameters.


So far, interoperability has always been considered as an obligation withadditional expenses rather than a possibility for cost savings. The scopeof this paper is to identify and point out savings to outline that a European Electronic Toll System is a viable business for all players involved.For the covering abstract see ITRD E134653.


Most Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries with oil-based economy like Oman are looking for other potential revenue generation options as the crude oil price is regularly fluctuating due to changing geopolitical environment. Oman has advantage of possessing world-heritage nature tourism hotspots around the country and the government is making investments and strategies to uplift the tourism industry following Oman Vision 2040 strategies. Oman's agriculture is not significantly contributing to the economy, but possesses specific and diversified arid cropping systems. Oman has modern farms; nevertheless some of the agricultural production activities are done with cultural practices and styles that would be attractive to tourists. The aim of this paper is to investigate the potentials for promoting agritourism industry in Oman; recognize potential sites, commodities and activities, and predict potential revenue generation as a projection from that of the tourism sector. Moreover, the study enables to foresee possible auxiliary advantages of agritourism such as, empowerment of women and youth, enhancement in the value-addition industry for agricultural produce through technology transfer and capacity building, and producing export quality products. Agritourism could increase employability, empowerment of women and youth, improve value-addition industry and export-oriented agribusiness. These efforts including provision of necessary technology-transfer and capacity-building should be rendered by the collaboration of academic institutions, relevant ministries and other public and private sector stakeholders. Keywords—Agritourism, nature-based tourism, potentials, revenue generation, value addition.


labmedicine.com July 2005 Volume 36 Number 7 LABMEDICINE 435 Fifty years of antibiotic treatment have protected developed world populations from many deadly epidemics caused by tuberculosis, malaria, syphilis, and gonorrhea among others that followed the discovery of penicillin in 1941. Mothers and children were rescued from the ravages of staphylococcal and streptococcal infections that stalked the world prior to World War II. But our dependence on antibiotic drugs became all too apparent when resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus appeared in hospitals and nursing homes, where severely ill patients were housed in close contact with each other and their caregivers. From penicillin to vancomycin, nearly every antibiotic has been challenged by both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria that continue to defy even the most complex drug. In response to worldwide antibiotic treatment, evolutionary changes in bacteria have occurred making them more difficult to eradicate and more likely to be transmitted. Their potential for mutation and rapid reproduction to form new, more formidable strains, however, was not considered reason for withholding treatment. For many years, a more potent drug was always on the horizon. Now, because of our complacency, we may be fighting a losing battle. These "super" bacteria have left us with little in our pharmaceutical armamentarium.1 In 2003, certain major factors indicated that nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infection was increasing. They included the above-mentioned bacterial mutation, the rising risk of infection occurring during a patient's hospital stay, the virulent/toxic strains of MRSA (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) appearing in the community, the continued presence of the nosocomial VRE (vancomycin resistant Enterococcus spp.) and the 3 deadly American cases of VRSA (vancomycin-resistant S. aureus). Presentations at the 44th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents in Chemotherapy (ICAAC) meeting, October 30-November 2, 2004, confirmed the increase in antibiotic drug resistance, particularly in 2 microorganisms: the MRSA strains responsible for a rise in cases of community-acquired pneumonia and the gram-negative bacilli, Acinetobacter spp. isolated from respiratory tract and surgical wound infections in hospitalized patients.2 Another contributor to the rising resistance may be related to our consumption of meat and meat products derived from animals treated with antibiotics and other drugs to promote growth. During the 1970s and 1980s, these drugs included tetracycline, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and penicillin. In 1999, the FDA began evaluating newer drugs as replacements.3


Roller-compacted concrete (RCC) dams emerged as a viable new type of dam that combines advantages of earthfill dam and concrete dam in construction. They have gained acceptance worldwide in a relatively short time due to their low cost, which is derived in part from their rapid method of construction. Also, RCC has recently emerged as an economically attractive material for dam construction, replacing the use of conventional concrete and even challenging the economics of earthfill and rockfill embankment dams. In this study, the properties of RCC using fly ash was evaluated. It was conducted with experiments of mechanical, physical and durability characteristics. Laboratory test results describe that 30% of fly ash replacement show most outstanding capacity.


The many research expresses,the many research expresses,the Japanese Nattokinase contain the special of fibrinolysis enzyme,shown to have many function,including function of thrombolysis,reduce blood pressure,preventing diabetes.Processes can make the containing of dissociate amino acids and vitaminB_1 and vitaminB_2 and dissolubility sugar in Chinese lobster sauce to increase;Fermentation led to soybean isoflavones glycoside hydrolyzing into isoflavones aglycon.As a result,the content of soybean isoflavones aglycon was increased and the content of isoflavones glycoside was reduced.


Objective To compare the efficiency,advantages and disadvantages of monopolar electrocautery and traditional tonsillectomy.Methods Eighty patients with hypertrophic tonsil,which led to obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome or chronic tonsillitis,underwent tonsillectomy.Among them,40 cases were treated with traditional tonsillectomy(group A) and the other 40 cases were treated with monopolar electrocautery(group B).Differences in operation time,blood loss and postoperative pain between the two groups were compared.Result There were significant differences in operative time and blood loss(P0.05),but not in post-operative pain between the two groups.No postoperative bleeding occurred in all the patients.Conclusion The monopolar electrocautery tonsillectomy is safe for children,and can reduce the intraoperative blood loss and improve the efficiency of the operation.


ABSTRACT Saturated sandy soils have been observed to liquefy during earthquakes and in laboratory experiments. Following liquefaction the soil grains settle out, and the material solidifies from the base up. The history of pore pressure in a solidifying liquefied sand has been obtained in centrifuge experiments. It is found that the excess pore pressure lags the pore pressure decay which would be expected from the solidification of a mass of rigid grains. Consequently the accreting solid sand layer is consolidating with time during and following accretion. A mathematical description of this process is given by an adaptation of Gibson's (1958) theory of consolidation of a sedimenting clay layer. The resulting theory is compared with experimental centrifuge results, and found to give a satisfactory description of the observations.


Intrauterine devices containing copper were introduced into cultures of adult and fetal cells. The Dalkon shield had no apparent effect on cell growth. The Gravigard device caused inhibition of growth and an increase in copper concentration in the supranatant medium. When the latter device was transferred through a series of subcultures the rate of release of copper decreased and growth was no longer inhibited.


A brief white paper is provided, discussing how the particle acceleration mechanisms taking place within astrophysical sources may mimic or mask signatures of new physics and the role that will be played by next-generation gamma-ray observatories, such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array, in improving our understanding of these phenomena.


In this article we consider Nobel Prize Winner Gerald Edelman's remarkable contribution to the understanding of human evolution, and our own application of Edelman's theory to a brain-based psychoanalytic perspective we have devised. Edelman's paradigm setting out his theory of the evolution of mind, brain, and consciousness concerns not only mankind's evolution over all of time, but also the evolution of each and every individual over and within his single lifetime. Edelman contends that human beings, as individuals, and not only as the taxonomic category from which they sprang, have a separate and distinct evolutionary history of their own, and it is especially from within Edelman's theoretical assumptions about the evolution of the individual per se that our own psychoanalytic understanding of theory and practice derives.


Ayurvedic Medicine is a system of traditional medicine native to India and a form of alternative medicine. In Sanskrit, word Ayus, means "longevity", and Veda, means "related to knowledge or science". In dentistry, herbal medicine has been used as anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, analgesic, sedative agents, analgesics, astringents, edema-reducing, soothing and healing accelerating agents. There is an urgent need for a use of Evidence Based Herbal Medicine and the efficacy and safety of herbal remedies So the aim of this article is to review Clove, Piper nigrum, Curcuma longa, Savory Extracts and their effects and their clinical implications in Dentistry.


The wave is one of particularly concerned ocean environmental elements for offshore operations and military activities,which can result in significant loss of life and property.Therefore,the establishment of a wave observation system and improvement of forecasting and warning level of wave has great significance to military activities and marine economy.National Operational Wave Observation Plan of US is introduced and the status of China's wave observation is analyzed and some suggestions are put forward.


(ν ˜ l 1)(M 1 , σ 1) ∼ = (ν ˜ l 2)(M 2 , σ 2) if, for each typed closing context C[ · ] of type Unit which is typable under ∆ and in which no labels from˜l 1,2 occur, we have: (ν ˜ l 1)(C[M 1 ], σ 1) ⇓ iff (ν ˜ l 2)(C[M 2 ], σ 2) ⇓ We often write (ν ˜ l 1)(M 1 , σ 1) ∼ = (ν ˜ l 2)(M 2 , σ 2), leaving type information implicit. Then we define semantics of the assertions as follows (the new notations are illustrated below): All omitted cases are by de Morgan duality. Let u, u ′ , u ′′ be fresh.


Prevalence and severity of generalized parodontitis depend especially on the course of diseases affecting theoral mucosa and those ones which are characterized by involvement of the oral mucosa. These diseases include mainly lichen planus. The common pathogenic agent of generalized parodontitis and lichen planus as well as of combination of them is inflammation, as generalized parodontitis is inflammation of parardontium tissue characterized by destruction of periodontium and dental ligamentous apparatus of the alveolar bone and lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease of skin and oral mucosa. The purpose is to study processes of lipid peroxidation in the saliva of patients with lichen planus of the skin along with chronic generalized parodontitis.


Leveraging the dominance of Ethernet in LANs and SONET/SDH in MANs and WANs, we propose a service called CHEETAH (Circuit-switched High-speed End-to-End Transport ArcHitecture). The service concept is to provide end hosts with high-speed, end-to-end circuit connectivity on a call-by-call shared basis, where a "circuit" consists of Ethernet segments at the ends that are mapped into Ethernet-over-SONET long-distance circuits. This paper focuses on the file-transfer application for such circuits. For this application, the CHEETAH service is proposed as an add-on to the primary Internet access service already in place for enterprise hosts. This allows an end host that is sending a file to first attempt setting up an end-to-end Ethernet/EoS circuit, and if rejected, fall back to the TCP/IP path. If the circuit setup is successful, the end host will enjoy a much shorter file-transfer delay than on the TCP/IP path. To determine the conditions under which an end host with access to the CHEETAH service should attempt circuit setup, we analyze mean file-transfer delays as a function of call blocking probability in the circuit-switched network, probability of packet loss in the IP network, round-trip times, link rates, and so on.


Our country has a geographic position that enables a combination of climates, dominated by the continental climate with the influence of the Mediterranean climate that penetrates the Drini i Bardhë valley. The purpose of the paper is to inform and motivate citizens to find fruit trees and their importance in our health as they are very rich in vitamins and minerals that enhance our biological immunity. The fruit trees of the forest have been used since ancient times especially to survive, but consuming it has been proven that some of them have relieved them during various diseases or have healed them. The most commonly used fruit plants are from the families: Rosaceae, Vaccinaceae, Corylaceae, Moraceae, etc. After surveying and herbaceous fruit plants we conclude that their harvest is quite large and that the condition of some of the future herbs is not good due to improper collection.


As an RGN with post-graduate qualifications, I have been very naive in believing I would not have to deal with racism while working for the NHS. I am of Indian origin, but born in this country. I began work as an RGN 11 years ago and am now considering leaving the profession.


Tourism is a multi-faceted activity of economic, social, cultural, and environmental inputs which cut across other conventional sectors in the economy. Tourism creates more job opportunities for a wide spectrum of job seekers from the unskilled to the specialized, even in the remote parts of the country. Village tourism is among the most polymorphous of all forms of Special Interest Tourism [SIT]. It unveils the village life, art, culture, and heritage at its locations, thereby benefiting the local community economically and socially by interacting with tourists and the natives of the place for a more enriching tourism experience. It also gives opportunities to the guests to enjoy the unique culture of village life through participation in events, experiencing the local cuisine, and collecting the ethnic goods, which in turn can improve the welfare of the local people. This paper provides an overview of village tourism and the sustainable development of the rural ecosystem through integral activity and thereby understands the influence of tourism development among the local community and overall in Kumbalanghi village.


Since the enactment of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) in 1970, environmental legislation has played an increasingly important role in the development process. While NEPA regulates only federal actions and federally funded projects, several states have passed their own environmental legislation, extending this oversight to state actors, and, in some cases, to private actors as well. This research focuses on one category of impacts—those related to transportation—and compares emerging alternatives to motor vehicle level of service in defining a transportation impact. Massachusetts and New York City have broadened the traditional level of service concept to include multiple modes of travel, while King County, Washington has added a greenhouse gas component to the environmental checklist. In contrast, California is moving away from level of service, replacing it with vehicle miles traveled. These new methodologies reflect subtle differences in the definition of a transportation impact, with some emphasizing the local impact on the transportation system, while others focus on the impact on global greenhouse gas emissions.


This paper presents a fully integrated 8-GHz quadrature-voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO) design for high data rate ultra wideband (UWB) communication applications. Implemented in 0.18 mum CMOS technology, the designed QVCO achieved a tuning range of 7.8 GHz to 8.44 GHz, a phase noise of -94.7 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset consuming 8.3 mA core current at 1.8 V supply.


Superconducting magnets tend to produce magnetic fields which have larger higher systematic multipoles and larger random multipoles than conventional magnets. The current carrying coils in superconducting magnets are usually not shielded by the iron yoke, and thus the magnetic field shape is determined by the current distribution rather than the shape of an iron surface. Higher systematic magnetic field multipoles are then generated by necessary deviations of the current distribution from the ideal desired distribution; random multipoles are generated by errors in the location of the current carrying conductors. The presence of these undesired field multipoles will limit the good field aperture of the accelerator. One effect of these multipoles is that they will distort the working line, the dependencies of the ¿-values, ¿X ¿y, on the momentum ¿p/p. Another effect of these multipoles is to produce linear and non-linear stop bands. This paper is concerned primarily with aperture limits due to the distortion of the working line. Distortion of the working line produced by the lower field multipoles is usually corrected with a correction coil system provided for that purpose. The working line distortion that remains is that due to higher field multipoles that cannot be corrected with the correction coil system. The magnetic field due to the higher multipoles vary like some high power of r, the radial distance from the magnet center, like at least r6 in the case of the CBA (Colliding Beam Accelerator at BNL).


The interaction of an active comet with the solar wind is effected by the pickup of heavy cometary ions over extended regions of space. It was predicted before any spacecraft encounters with comets that a bow shock would form at a critical point in the mass-loaded flow. Here we present an analysis of the results from Giotto's encounters of comets Halley and Grigg-Skjellerup on the plasma structure of the bow shock regions at the two comets. This is achieved in a joint analysis of data on solar wind and cometary ions, magnetic field, and electrons. We find that these mass-loading shocks are among the most complex in the solar system with heavy cometary ions dominating the component pressures. Results of Mach number calculations at Halley support earlier interpretations that bow shocks were, indeed, seen with possible solar wind disturbance inbound. At Grigg-Skjellerup, Mach number results support the interpretation of a "wave" inbound and a "shock" outbound; both features also occur near to the expected location for a bow shock. A weak correlation between magnetic field strength and electron density is noted at the Grigg-Skjellerup outbound shock in agreement with quasi-perpendicular hybrid simulations.


This essay explores men´s relationship to training through a phenomenological understanding of bodily comfort and orientation. This is done by a survey performed with three men who identified thems ...


Natural enemies have been proposed as important agents of natural selection on herbivorous insects that may facilitate host plant shifts and increases in diet breadth. However, there is little experimental field work to support claims of host-shifting via escape from natural enemies, i.e., to enemy-free space. In this study, we took the unique approach of experimentally creating a host shift for a specialized leafmining fly, Liriomyza helianthi (Diptera: Agromyzidae). We manually transferred leafminer larvae from their normal host plant, Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae), to a variety of novel plants: Helianthus maximilianii, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Taraxacum officinale, and Centaurea solstitialis. By exposing trans- ferred larvae on normal and novel plants to natural enemy attack under field conditions, we were able to examine whether host-shifting can provide an herbivore with enemy-free space. Our data show that enemy-free space does exist for L. helianthi immediately following a host shift, as mortality in novel plants averaged 17% less than in the normal host. Nevertheless, there was significant within- and between-year heterogeneity in results over the 3-yr period of the study. We found that escape from natural enemies was related to annual variation in the diversity and abundance of parasitoid species. In years when par- asitoid assemblages were dominated by endoparasitoids, mortality of larvae averaged 22% lower in novel hosts. However, when generalist ectoparasitoids, Diglyphus spp. (Hyme- noptera: Eulophidae), were present, there was no advantage of developing in novel plants, a result that could be explained by the less discriminating nature of the ectoparasitoids. When overall levels of mortality from natural enemies were high, the benefit of novel plants was also reduced. This pattern suggests that, as available larval hosts become scarce, parasitoids may be more likely to forage on novel host plants in search for prey, thus diminishing the opportunity for enemy-free space. Nevertheless, our study showed that enemy-free space can exist for an herbivorous insect utilizing a novel host plant, and that natural enemies may, in some cases, offset physiological fitness costs often associated with developing in novel plants. If all else is equal, the balance of these factors may facilitate the inclusion of novel host plants into the feeding repertoire of an herbivore.


We solve a functional version of the problem of twist quantization of a coboundary Lie bialgebra (g, r, Z). We derive from this that the formal Poisson manifolds g and G are isomorphic, and we construct an injective algebra morphism S(g ) g ,! U(g ). When (g, r, Z) can be quantized, we construct a deformation of this morphism. In the particular case when g is quasitriangular and nondegenerate, we compare our construction with Semenov-Tian-Shansky's construction of a commutative subalgebra of U(g ). We also show that the canonical derivation of the function ring of G is Hamiltonian.


Naturally durable woods have a variety of commercial uses. Natural resistance
to decay has been evaluated in field and laboratory tests of wood
from many species, but there are few places where commercial wood
users can find comparative assessments of natural durability. In this report,
previous studies have been used to assign a numerical resistance
rating to 1500 wood species. Species are listed alphabetically by scientific
name, along with trade name, decay resistance rating, growing region,
and source of resistance information. Species are also listed alphabetically
by trade name if available, in the appendix.


Eventually, you will completely discover a additional experience and endowment by spending more cash. nevertheless when? attain you put up with that you require to get those all needs with having significantly cash? Why dont you attempt to acquire something basic in the beginning? Thats something that will guide you to understand even more regarding the globe, experience, some places, similar to history, amusement, and a lot more?


We present the design and optimization strategy of shallow-angle grating couplers for vertical emission from InP devices, and then discuss the focusing effect of a 2D grating. Measured beam shape agrees well with the simulation results.


This research was carried out in order to state the necessary elements with which SMEs can expect that enable the timely and explicitly in the guidelines established in Mexican legislation, tax obligations under which they are conferred to the state to facilitate the sufficient resources to ensure the attainment of its goals, achieving in collaboration with a specialist in the field, structuring and implementing a mechanism to prosecute this to the time it takes a number of tools to consolidate in a market saturated with organizations looking for something in common, to be ever more competitive. The main topics included in the framework of the research are tax planning, contents of which sets out the views of Diep (1999), Corona (2007), Sanchez (2001), strategic planning in the administration, including Rodriguez's statements (2005); business competition mentioned criteria Iranzo (2002), Hernandez (2000), Faga and Ramos (2006), and small and medium-sized enterprises, shaped by the judgments Cleri, C. 2007, Los Angeles, H. X. 2007. We conducted a qualitative research whose results are referenced above elements relevant to the development of work based on the express obligations existing tax laws, which through the application of semi-structured interviews were applied to managers, owners of small and medium businesses and professionals in fiscal matters, presented the great need for tax simplification scheme that the development pattern of trade to have influenced its economic aspect, which concluded this investigation prosecute tax savings to organizations themselves are regulated tax under the guidelines, attracting more companies to be incorporated to perform its operations under the relevant regulations, thereby reducing the large population of informal trade operating in the country by increasing the time the cash by way of collection of public resources apply in carrying out more projects applicable to society and achieving economic growth and development as a country.


The optical absorption coefficient of Ti:Al2O3 samples at 490 nm for the π polarization (E∥c) is found to be proportional to the concentration of Ti3+ ions, as determined by measurement of the paramagnetic moment as a function of temperature and magnetic field. The experimental data yield the value σ=(9.3±1.0)×10−20 cm2 for the absorption cross section of Ti3+, the active ion in the tunable Ti:Al2O3 laser, at the peak of the laser pump band.


This paper presents a new system dynamics approach to modeling climate change impact. The approach we proposed is a physically based stochastic dynamic method. To illustrate the applicability of the model, a case study of wooden church building is conducted to simulate the impacts of climate change scenarios and the adaptive capacity of buildings' wooden materials. Model predictions and forecasts are in good agreement to the measurements. Results show that wooden building materials offer an effective and resilient response to anticipated future climate changes. The developed model provides a sound basis for studying climate change impacts. Introduction An important methodology in exploring climate change, energy and environmental systems is system dynamics. It is a method of analyzing, managing, and finally controlling complex systems that time is an important factor [1]. Literature constitutes a large body of such dynamic models on climate change, however, in general, circulation methods present the majority. According to the IPCC report [2], warming of the climate is unequivocal, however, the impacts will be diverse and vary regionally. The detailed and short time scale problems for regional areas cannot be easily described using the scaled down results from the coarse resolutions of circulation methods. The identification of the system's dynamics is a key issue for improving the understanding of the system. It is desirable that the model parameters have physically meaningful interpretations. This paper proposed an improved system dynamics approach to modeling the impact of climate change on wooden building and environment dynamics. We chose wooden buildings as a case study because of the following reasons. Firstly, buildings consume 40% of primary energy and 40% of greenhouse gas emissions in developed countries [3]. To address global warming, efficiently using sustainable and resource-efficient building materials has become today's central research theme. As a renewable and most abundant resource, wooden-structured buildings are very common in Europe, Northern America and other parts of the world. It


In this paper,the chemical synthesis of a novel water-soluble polyaniline derivative was reported and its structure and properties were studied by FTIR,UV-Vis,XRD,cyclic voltammetry and determination of solubility.The results indicated that this polyaniline derivative was poorly conjugated,had no electroactivity,exhibited an amorphous structure,and had preferable solublity in some common solvents like water,ethanol,chloroform and N,N-dimethyl formamide,etc.


A historical example is considered which conflicts with Laudan's Problem Solving Model [1981]. In the period 1840-85 chemists preferred a theory with 3 major conceptual problems (the Liebig Theory of Acids) to Lavoisier's which had only one major conceptual problem (why are the halogen hydrides acids?). The overall conceptual merits of Lavoisier's scheme have been revived in the modern LuxFlood classification of Acids. Larry Laudan [1977], [1981] proposed a problem solving model of scientific rationality which not only applied to global theories but, if one takes the final paragraph of his [1977] seriously, also applies to sub theories, auxiliary hypotheses and sub auxiliary hypotheses all the way down the line. According to Laudan [1981] science progresses just in case successor theories solve more problems than their predecessors. Laudan claims that theory evaluation must be a comparative affair since he feels that Popper's criteria of verisimilitude and cumulative retention are inadequate. He advocates a 'cost benefit analysis' approach in which credit is assigned to a theory for the number of problems it has successfully solved, modified by a weighting factor for the relative importance of each problem. Credit = I w, p...... wn Pn where w = weighting of problem importance p = problem Laudan also allows for a kind of 'infant industry' philosophy in which he allows that it is rational to develop a promising new theory which solves a major conceptual problem not solved by its predecessor although the overall problem solving ability of the new theory is much less. However, he makes it clear that such a theory is definitely 'on probation' and there is no question that the predecessor theory is to be abandoned because of one and only one flaw. This content downloaded from 22.214.171.124 on Tue, 05 Jul 2016 05:24:48 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 786 F. Michael Akeroyd An instructive example, apparently supporting Laudan's problem solving model, from the history of chemistry is the transfer of allegiance of scientists from the Liebig Hydrogen Theory of Acids to the Arrhenius Theory of Acids after it was first proposed in 1885. Leibig's Theory, first enunciated in 1839, proposed that acids were hydrogen salts i.e., the molecule contained 'active' hydrogen replaceable by a metal atom to form a salt. For example, the formula for acetic acid should not be written C2H402 but HC2H302 to emphasize the role of the 'active' hydrogen in forming the salt sodium acetate NaC2H302. However, this theory contained several conceptual problems. (1) Why did concentrated acids behave in a different way to the diluted varieties? (2) Why did increased oxygen content in the acid seemingly correlate with increased acidity? (3) Why were some dihydric and trihydric acids weaker than some monohydric acids (H3PO4 is weaker than HC104). These problems were overcome by the bold proposal by Arrhenius in 1885 that acids dissociated spontaneously into ions on dissolution in water without the need for the input of electrical energy viz.


As business increasing day by day so industries also increasing which results in a large burden on a generation of electricity. To fulfill the demand of consumers, the efficiency of the generation, transmission and distribution should be high. To supply a sufficient amount of electricity to the consumer different factors have to measure, where the load factor plays an important role in supplying a sufficient amount of energy to the consumer. If the load factor is high, the utilization of electricity is maximum which will increase the smooth and sufficient electricity distribution to the consumer. Here in this research paper, data of loads have been collected from different sources. The collected data divided into two system, system 1 & 2. The load factor has been calculated for two systems, system 1 & 2. The system 1 load factor is 0.308, which is very less and the system 2 loaded factor is 0.833, which is a good load factor. After calculation for the load factors for both systems, analysis has been done for both the systems.


1. Authors should submit an English language abstract of the article to the Editor prior to final submission of the manuscript for review purposes. 2. Upon review feedback, authors should submit three copies of their manuscript, with original illustrations, to the Editor, along with the complete article on diskette. 4. The first page of the submission should include the title of the article and the names and affiliations of all contributors, telephone number, fax number and e-mail address. The corresponding author's address should be duly noted. 5. Submissions will be accepted in most languages; however, non-English languages articles must have an accompanying English language abstract. 6. Manuscripts should be typed with double spacing, 1-inch wide margins, singlesided on A4 or 812 11 sized paper. 7. The second page of the manuscript should consist of the title and abstract, between 50 and 200 words. The author's name should not appear on this page. 8. An abstract in the language of the submission should be included on a separate page in the case of non-English manuscripts. 9. Tables and figures should not be included as part of the text but should be submitted on separate pages. They should be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals with a descriptive caption. The desired position of each table and figure should be indicated in the text. 10. References should be indicated in the text by author and date.


To investigate the anticancer effect of nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields(nsPEF) on human melanoma A375 cell xenograft in nude mice.Tumor size was detected by vernier caliper.The cell apoptosis was detected by DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and termina I deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling(TUNEL) assay;Tumor morphology was observed with HE staining;The expression of microvessel density(MVD)、 vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) were detected by SP immunohistochemistry.Results showed that tumor growth inhibition rate was 42.6% at 4d after nsPEF treatment.DNA ladder were observed more typically in 4d group than other two groups;The apoptosis rate of tumor cells in 4d group was the most highest than other group detected by TUNEL.Tumor turned grey immediately after treatment;A few of necrosis cells were found in 2h group,while numerous necrosis were found in 4d group;The state of blocking of capillary vessel was found significantly in 4d group.The expressions of MVD、VEGF and PCNA were significantly lower in 4d group than the other two groups,while no significant difference were found between 2h group and control group.The result indicated that the inhibitory effects of nsPEF may be related to inducing cell apoptosis,reducing blood flow in a short time,decreasing the angiogenesis and discouraging tumor revascularization and tumor cell's proliferative activity.


This paper attempts to provide some insights about the relationship between the differentiability and the classification importance of consonants in Chinese speech communication. The two characteristics can be modelled by the perceptual distance and the functional load respectively. We have a clustering analysis of Chinese consonants based on functional load (FL) relied on mutual information (MI) between the text and its phoneme transcription. Then we compare our clustering result with that based on the perceptual distance by articulation tests. By experimenting on the Chinese newspaper corpus with millions of sentences, we find most phonemes at the same place of articulation with different manners tend to have large FLs pairwise. It is consistent with the result that those phonemes tend to have long perceptual distance pairwise.


Investigations were carried out on Siberian sturgeon (A. baeri Brandt) fry rearing in recir- culation systems conditions. Outer membrane antigen of A. salmonicida was administered in the single intra peritoneal injection . Test of NBT reduction (both cytochemical and spectrophotometric assay), li- sozyme activity, phagocytic ability of PMN neutrophils, levels of globulins and total protein, titres of natural and specific antibodies were determined during six weeks after injection. The results obtained showed significant elevation of the cellular and humoral response indices; production of specific anti- bodies began in the first week yet.


One usually defines the main characteristic of the welding performances of a given laser system by its 'penetration curve' that corresponds to the welding depth as a function of the welding speed Vw for a given set of operating parameters. Analysis of a penetration curve is interesting and gives very fruitful results. Coupled with high-speed video imaging of melt pool surface and ejected plume behaviour, the analysis of this penetration curve on a very large range of welding speeds, typically from 0 to 50 m min−1, has allowed us to observe very different and characteristic regimes. These regimes are mainly characterized by the physical processes by which they impede the laser beam penetration inside the material. We show that it is only at rather high welding speeds that these limiting processes are reduced. Consequently, the scaling law of welding depth with welding speed is in agreement with adapted modelling of this process. On the other hand, as the welding speed is reduced, different effects depending on the weld pool dynamics and plume interaction strongly disturb the keyhole stability and are responsible for the deviation of the penetration curve from the previous modelling that agrees with a 1/Vw scaling law. A corresponding criterion for the occurrence of this effect is defined.


Different densities of abalone (Haliotis asinina) cultured in fiberglass tanks using water recirculating culture system were studied. The initial mean width, length, and weight of abalone shells were 1.06±0.04 cm, 1.93±0.04 cm, and 1.78±0.04 g, respectively. Abalones were cultured for 270 days at three densities of 200, 400, and 600 inds/mtreatments. Results showed that at the end of the experiment the average of abalone shell width were 1.76±0.26, 1.77±0.21, and 1.67±0.21 cm; the average shell length were 3.10±0.42, 3.07±0.41, and 2.83±0.29 cm; and the average shell weight were 9.09±3.97, 10.08±4.24, and 6.86±3.06 g, respectively. Mean survival rates were 88.59±10.42, 84.78±0.41 and 64.44±25.75%, respectively. Feed conversion ratio were 3.41±0.48, 2.32±0.48 and 2.72±0.27, respectively. Abalone cultured at density of 600 inds/m yielded significantly lowest mean growth in shell width, length, and weight (P<0.05) than 200 and 400 inds/m, but there was no significant difference between the density 200 and 400 inds/m (P>0.05). The survival rates were significantly different among treatments (P<0.05). The density of 200 inds/m achieved the highest survival rate and highest feed conversion rate which was significantly different (P<0.05) from 400 and 600 inds/m. The results obtained from this study concluded that the abalone culture in fiberglass using water recirculating system at density of 400 inds/m yielded the most economical culture.


Malaysian classrooms are culturally-diverse and used to the practice of switching from one language to another. This practice is known as code-switching. Code-switching takes place not only among students? communication but also among educators in order to facilitate students? learning process. The factors of educators code-switching in class has been an area of study frequently explored by scholars. Nonetheless, not many have looked at it from the students? perspectives in response to what they think about their teachers? code-witching practice. Therefore, the researcher took the opportunity to look into students? reaction towards lecturer?s code-switching in class. A survey was distributed to 27 students of B. Sc. (Hons) in Software Engineering to investigate their lecturer?s code-switching in relevance to their affective reaction and their learning success. The aim of this research was to find out whether these students react positively or negatively to their lecturer?s alternation from English to other languages while teaching.


Social network site usage has grown to be a worldwide trend. These sites facilitate online contact between individuals having similar concerns. The speedy and extensive usage of such sites has affirmed their perception and positioning in the minds of users. This research adds to our consideration by empirically exploring determinants affecting users' acceptance of such sites. A HUMP model has been introduced to evaluate the effect of hedonic (perceived playfulness), utilitarian (perceived usefulness) e-mavenism, polychronicity, and perceived ease of use on the intention to use and thus actual use of social networking sites. The causal modeling technique is used to study the outline of associations amid the projected model constructs and to analytically evaluate the research propositions. All the conjectured factors possess a considerable unswerving sway on the intention to use, with e-mavenism and polychronicity, the robust indicators.


Implementing the spirit of Several Opinions on Improving Roundly the Instruction Quality of Higher Vocational Education should put the cooperation between practice and learning as the breakthrough point of reform of talent training mode in vocational education.Specific thoughts of improving talent training mode reform are proposed as well as requirements such as strengthening major construction,course construction and practical training.


Background: Childhood deafness is still special problem in our country in terms of assessment and rehabilitation. It causes communication problem, thus affects social and personal living. So hearing impairment amongst the people of developing countries is recognized as a major cause of disability. Methods and Materials: Thiscross-sectional study was carried out in children of integrated preschool for hearing impaired children (IPSHIC) of SAHIC(society for assistance to hearing impaired), Chattogram, Bangladesh from January 2019 to December 2019. 60 deaf children were included with age ranges 5-15 years and clinically detected hearing impairment. Data were collected by detailed history, clinical examination and audiometric findings and result were expressed in table form. The aim of this study to evaluate the type and degree of hearing loss and also to find out the causes of hearing loss among the deaf children in Chattogram City, Bangladesh. Results: This study included 60 deaf child age ranges from 5-15 years with history of deafness. Most frequent number of patient 33 (55%) were age group 11-15 years. Out of 60 deaf children male were 32 (53.33%), female were 28 (46.66%) and male to female ratio 1.14:1. Most of the deaf children presented with bilateral profound 53 (88.33%) hearing loss and majority 48 (80%) presented with sensorineural type of hearing loss. Family history positive in 20 (33.33%) cases and consanguineous marriage were found in 7 (35%) cases. Commonest cause of deafness was infection 22(36.66%).57(95%) deaf children treated with hearing aid of different types followed by educational training (like auditory, speech, and lip reading). 3(5%) children were filled with cochlear implant. Conclusion: Majority deaf children were suffering from bilateral profound degree of hearing loss and type of hearing impairment was in sensorineural. Early detection with universal neonatal screening should be practiced in our country and early rehabilitation reveals better out come.


Estimation of satellite three-axis attitude using only one sensor data presents an interesting estimation problem. A flexible and mathematically effective filter for solving the satellite three-axis attitude estimation problem using two-axis magnetometer would be a challenging option for space missions which are suffering from other attitude sensors failure. Mostly, magnetometers are employed with other attitude sensors to resolve attitude estimation. However, by designing a computationally efficient discrete Kalman filter, full attitude estimation can profit by only two-axis magnetometer observations. The method suggested solves the problem of satellite attitude estimation using linear Kalman filter (LKF). Firstly, all models are generated and then the designed scenario is developed and evaluated with simulation results. The filter can achieve 10e-3 degree attitude accuracy or better on all three axes.


DOI:10.1097/COH.0000000000000492 Over the past decade, there has been rapid evolution and expansion in scientific and community interest in HIV curative strategies. The initial report of the cure of Timothy Brown (The Berlin Patient) following CCR5 D32/D32 stem-cell transplantation in 2009 [1] was a major catalyst in bringing together various stake-holders, including government funding agencies, private foundations, community and advocacy groups, ethicists, regulatory agencies, pharmaceutical companies, scientists and clinicians, to work towards the goal of achieving a sterilizing cure or durable control of HIV after stopping antiretroviral therapy (ART). Dedicated funding opportunities provided support for those working towards these challenging goals, leading to an exponential increase in the number of scientific articles, public articles and media coverage. The status of these efforts was extensively summarized by the International AIDS Society global strategy towards an HIV cure in 2016 [2]. Although additional cases such as Timothy Brown have yet to materialize, the HIV cure field has rapidly expanded to include work on discovering biomarkers of persistent HIV infection, development and implementation of immunological approaches to controlling HIV following ART cessation, cell and gene therapy approaches, early initiation of ART, latency promoting or reversing strategies and development of novel assays to locate, quantify and characterize persistent HIV reservoirs. Although working towards an HIV cure has been met with many scientific and practical challenges, there has been recent, palpable progress. For example, durable control of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) has recently been reported in nonhuman primate studies including the use of therapeutic HIV vaccine combined with Toll-like receptor agonists and mAbs directed towards viral envelope proteins or a4b7 integrin, to name just a few [3–5]. Additional cases of prolonged HIV remission prior to viral recrudescence, sometimes lasting many months, have been reported in small, proofof-concept human studies, although none have lead to unequivocal, sustained HIV cure [6,7]. Work on other strategies has also accelerated, including the search for biomarkers of residual HIV-infected cells


N the eighteen-forties, when W. H. Prescott was giving the world his carefully prepared and documented accounts of the native folk of Mexico and Peru and their civilizations, no one thought of calling in question the glowing and spectacular portrayals of those matters which the celebrated Bostonian offered his many readers. The situation remained, on the whole, unchanged until about 1875, during which period not only Prescott but also Hubert Howe Bancroft and various lesser lights illuminated what has since then been dubbed "the Romantic School of American Archazology." A characteristic of that school was: first, the tendency to interpret native American civilizations and institutions in the terms of European civilization of the feudal and renaissance periods; second, the tendency to ascribe almost unlimited grandeur, polish, dignity, and moral worth to the native American civilizations; and third, the desire to cavil at the Spanish destroyers of those civilizations relying, meanwhile, for information almost wholly on the more highly colored and flattering of the early Spanish accounts thereof. This being so, it was inevitable that, sooner or later, the narratives of Prescott and, to an even greater extent, those of H. H. Bancroft, should be attacked as being erroneous, and over ornate. It is unnecessary here to


Abstract The main goal of this paper is to explore new an approach to measure the degree or percentage of sustainability awareness in industrial organizations. This evaluation was be conducted through in-depth interviews with main stakeholders and the assessment approach was developed in theoretical concept and its applicability was directly tested in one small and medium-sized industrial organization. The designed questionnaire will be distributed among stakeholders and the collected data will be analyzed and discussed individual and aggregated. A real life case study will be used to illustrate the proposed approach of estimating the degree of awareness, and the new assessment approach can be used as a template to assess the current state of awareness in industrial organizations. The results show that the awareness of sustainability is different from one stakeholder to another .© 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer-review under responsibility of Assembly Technology and Factory Management/Technische Universitat Berlin.


The Miocene granodiorite body (zircon fission track age by Miyachi, 1985) of the Mount Shibi, Kagoshima prefecture is a lenticular stock that intrudes the Cretaceous sedimentary rocks of the Shimanto belt. Previous studies subdivided the granodiorite body into the Kusu-bae (core facies) and Hira-bae (marginal facies) types based on the changes in litho-facies and distinct chemical composition of biotite and amphibole (Yamamoto et al., 1988). We conducted field survey in the study area and found no clear contrasts to sub-divide the body, instead it represents a single pluton with local chemical variation along the marginal portions. Based on detailed petrography, the entire body appears as homogeneous stock exhibiting identical mineral assemblage with no clear evidence that can mark the boundary between Kusu-bae and Hira-bae types. Moreover, to understand the processes of magmatic crystallization we investigated more than 600 zircon grains from about 8 samples for external (applying the zircon morphology method of Pupin, 1980) and internal morphology using the Cathodoluminescence imaging. Based on the Pupin's method, the deduced temperature range for the zircon crystallization was between 750 and 850℃. In addition, internal structures of zircon (CL images) showed oscillatory zoning with continuous growth domains and abundant apatite inclusions, suggesting the magma was fluid-rich and have been crystallized under relatively higher temperature. We also investigated zircons from the surrounding hornfels (Shimanto belt rocks) that were affected thermally due to the contact metamorphism. Zircons from the hornfels are completely different and rounded with different internal structures. Zircons from the so-called Kusu-bae and Hira-bae types are identical and suggest their crystallization from a single parental magma hence the pluton cannot be sub divisible.


Monitoring maternal and fetal physiological signals from early stages of the pregnancy has become a more common practice due to the high risk implications of preterm delivery. This has led to the development of different fetal and maternal biosignal analysis methods that provide additional information about their wellbeing. The electrohysterogram (EHG) is a non-invasive monitoring technique used to acquire uterine electrical activity. The paper presents the analysis of EHG parameters traditionally used in electromuscular (EMS) activity analysis. The results are determined by computing the EHG parameters for two groups taken into consideration: the control group which contains recordings obtained from patients that delivered the pregnancy to term and the preterm group which contains recordings acquired from patients that had a preterm delivery. The analysis consists of establishing significant statistical differences between EMS-based parameters obtained for time and frequency domain in order to determine preterm birth risk.


Objective: To investigate the results of operative treatment of upper cervical spine unstable injuries through pos- ' tenor approach. Methods: All of the 59 patients were treated by operation. Occipitocervical fusion were performed in 27 patients, CD - cervical or Cervifix fixation were used in 11 patients;29 patients were operated upon by arthrodesis simple with autologous bone grafts,7 patients added atlantoaxial facet screw fixation. Eight patients were operated on by atlantoaxial arthrodesis using Apofix interlaminar clamping with autologous bone grafts. Three patients of Hangman's fracture were operated upon by C2-3 fusion using Axis internal fixations. Results: Fifty-one patients were followed up for an average of 3. 5 years (ranged 4 - 72 months). Solid arthrodesis were obtained in 47 patients and nonunion in 4 cases. The patients with nerve injury in pre-operation were 29 cases. One case was worse after the operation. Conclusion: Posterior fusion is recommended for upper unstable cervical spine due to traumatic fracture or ligament disruption. It is emphasized that seriously preparing the fusion bed,reliable internal fixation are the important measures for successful operation.


State-of-the-art deep learning (DL) systems are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which hinders their potential adoption in safety-and security-critical scenarios. While some recent progress has been made in analyzing the robustness of feed-forward neural networks, the robustness analysis for stateful DL systems, such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs), still remains largely uncharted. In this paper, we propose Marble, a model-based approach for quantitative robustness analysis of real-world RNN-based DL systems. Marble builds a probabilistic model to compactly characterize the robustness of RNNs through abstraction. Furthermore, we propose an iterative refinement algorithm to derive a precise abstraction, which enables accurate quantification of the robustness measurement. We evaluate the effectiveness of Marble on both LSTM and GRU models trained separately with three popular natural language datasets. The results demonstrate that (1) our refinement algorithm is more efficient in deriving an accurate abstraction than the random strategy, and (2) Marble enables quantitative robustness analysis, in rendering better efficiency, accuracy, and scalability than the state-of-the-art techniques.


The magnificent preservation of the archaeological site of Castellon Alto permitted reconstruction of the urbanism of this settlement and the life of its inhabitants. In addition to the necessary conservation, two interventions have been carried out with the principal objective of facilitating access, visiting, and the understanding of the site by the majority of the public. The first intervention happened in 1989 and the main task was centered on the consolidation, restoration, and delimiting of the archaeological bed. The second one happened in 1997 and was centered in the consolidation and reconstruction of both a hut and two tombs.
With the opening of the Archaeological Museum of Galera, the cultural and touristic contribution of Castellon Alto will be complete. It will provide an interpretation of this prehistoric village, as well as the Argaric culture in general and all the other archaeological sites of the area.


Forty-two symptomatic patients underwent both electron-beam computed tomo-graphic calcium scoring and coronary angiography. Correlation between coronary artery calcium score and angiographic coronary disease showed a high specificity (90%) but low sensitivity (50%). The low negative predictive value of 36% suggests that electron-beam computed tomography is not useful in symptomatic patients.


The automatic detection of dim infrared target with low Signal Noise Ratio(SNR) under complicated background is a difficult problem to be resolved.In study of the problem,we proposed a target detection algorithm based on median subtraction filter and multi-grad search algorithm.Firstly,the dim target was separated from infrared background by using median filter.Then,the real target was extracted by using multi-grad search algorithm.Finally,morphology-based algorithm was used to fill the inner space of target for constructing the entire area of target.The results of some physical experiments showed that this method can detect the weak and small infrared target under complex background effectively in real time.


In a context marked by the preeminence of relationality in contemporary literature and
criticism, the concept of ekphrasis is undergoing a process of revision that points to the
broadening scope of the interartistic dialogue, and to the prevalence of a semiotic turn in
the aesthetic and critical appraisal of the ans and their intersections. Nowadays. writers
and critics alike are paying special attention to the interdisciplinary potential of literary
creativity and theory, going beyond seemingly well-established assumptions such as the
notion of the 'two cultures". or the narrow view of intertextuality as a practice restricted
to the purely textual medium.
The growing appeal of this cross-boundary perspective is clearly reflected in the
changing reformulations of the classical strategy of ekphrasis, which becomes the focus
of the present study. This essay addresses contemporary revisions of ekphrasis in a
context in which the interaction between verbal and visual appears as a major domain for
the development of interart relations. In the light of this, the essay will first explore
critical interest in the confluence between word and image, in the "ut pictura poesis" tradition,
and then focus on recent approaches to the ekphrastic strategy that challenge the limits
traditionally imposed on the arts.


The demographic status and vegettive growth dynamics of Thalassia hemprichii (Turtle seagrass) at Sitio Cabotonan, Caramoan Peninsula were analyzes to infer how these seagrasses thrive in the meadow. Age reconstruction analysis showed that the mean shoot age was 1050 d and oldest shoot was 2001 d. The life expectancy is 99 d with a recruitment and mortality rates of 0.78 and 1.48, respectively. The net recruitment rate of -0.70 implies declining population. Rhizome elongation rate is 17.75 cm/yr and vertical elongation rate is 4.22 cm/yr. Average total biomass was 5161.06 mg DW per sq.m. Biomass allocation was higher aboveground than belowground. The average LAI was 0.13. Compared with those reported in Kalayaan group of islands, T. hemprichii at the study site have higher vertical elonation rate, leaf length and width, biomass. Median age and vertical elongation rate were lower in the study site than those reported in Guimaras island.


process was comparable with that of similar materials prepared by processes that include molding/pressing. It was found that the partial substitution of y3+ for Zr4+ was effective for promoting grain growth, resulting in an increase of density. Zro .98Y0.02W2O8-ƒÂb sintered bodies with density of •`96% of a truncated cone shape with upper diameter, lower diameter and height of•`40mm,•`45mm and 20-25mm, respectively, were ob tained. Negative thermal expansion was observed in all Zr1_XYXW2O8_a specimens (x=0.00-0.02), this coefficient being hardly affected by the y3+ content. It was also found that only porous and fragile specimens could be prepared by using a mixture with particle size distribution of submicron order as the raw material. This was ascribed to the formation of second-order particles that tended not to sinter within larger parti cles.[Received January 17, 2002; Accepted June 18, 2002]


Salisbury describes how new services use clinicians "poached" from general practice.1 These services are often responses to pressure—the GP in the emergency department, …


Abstract : Although it is known that continuous noise underwater may be damaging to human hearing, little research has been done on the influence of impulse noise underwater on hearing in man. NEDU evaluated the effect of an impulse noise producing stud gun, the Ramset 200 HD gun-powder actuated underwater tool, on the hearing in five U.S. Navy divers. Using heavy gun-powder loads and firing 1148 shots underwater into 1/2 thick steel plates, the average peak sound pressure level (SPL) underwater was 185.4 dB. The in-air equivalent peak SPL was 150.4 dB. In summary, firing up to 40 shots consecutively in an open-water, unconfined space did not demonstrate any acoustic injury to the diver.


Introduction Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the leading cause of disability and death in the United States. In 2003, an estimated 12.9 million men and women had a history of myocardial infarction, angina, or both [1]. An additional 1.1 million will suffer a new or recurrent myocardial infarction, and 550,000 will experience new or worsening angina. Further, a quarter million Americans will die of CHD without ever being hospitalized [1–3].


Summary - Dynamics of population invasion by transposable elements is analyzed and simulated, using a model with a very large number of transposition sites. The properties of the model are determined in the framework of a conflict between transposition capabilities of the elements and their harmful effects on the host genome. Equations are developed for the mean and the variance of the number of elements at equilibrium. We use simulations to analyze the effects of various parameters on the dynamics of the elements, revealing the importance of the insertion rate and of the self-regulation properties of the elements. Using values obtained from the P-M system of Drosophila melanogaster, the simulations show that the invasion of these elements is likely to occur in 100 years, which is an interval compatible with recent ideas on this invasion. Our analysis of chained invasions reveals the possibility of a mean element number gradient occurring, just as has been observed in European wild populations.


Seismicity in the northernmost part of the Red Sea has been studied using data from Hurghada Seismological Network in addition to readings from the existing neighbouring networks. Relocated events in addition to data from national centers are used to obtain a complete and true picture for the seismicity of the area. The spatial distribution of earthquakes defines three earthquake zones in the Gulf of Aqaba and three zones at the entrance of the Gulf of Suez and southern tip of Sinai Peninsula. The thermal activity and the triple junction nature control the activity in this area. The activity defines also an active trend extending from the southern tip of Sinai Peninsula to the median zone of the Red Sea. The seismicity of this trend is probably related to the active spreading zone associated with the opening of the Red Sea. The b-values are derived for the entrance areas of the two gulfs and for Gulf of Aqaba. Values of b are 1.35 for the triple junction region, 1.13 for the activity before the 22 November 1995 Gulf of Aqaba mainshock and 1.25 for the aftershocks of this event.


The Watson/Crick DNA model cannot form ionic bonds between phosphates on different chains because the distance between these phosphates is too large. A modified A‐DNA model (Erlander, Starch/Starke [1970]22:352–362) can readily form ionic bonds between phosphates and is the primary stabilizing force for DNA, as seen from melting temperature studies for BOTH anionic and cationic sequences and other studies. They explain how the reversible denaturation of DNA in 8 M urea, pH 3.3, pH 11.3, or methanol to a double stranded coil holds the two coil chains together in the absence of hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds. Dialysis against high salt concentrations produces the syn‐basepair structure; low salt, the anti‐basepair structure (Erlander, FASEB J. Supplements 13[1999)A1361,#178). It is concluded that the conformation of B‐DNA is a modified, salt‐bonded DNA, and that the Watson/Crick model is wrong.


Face-to-face credit granted by shopkeepers to their clients continued to exist in France until the 1970s. Through a case study of the textile and clothing trade in the mining region of Lens, this article examines the social conditions that made these transactions possible. In the migratory context of the 20th century, such transactions were based on "social recognition". The gradual erosion of social verification based on knowing each other led to requiring customer identification and contractual transactions. Finally, the face-to-face credit market vanished altogether as credit institutions and banks began handling commercial transactions.


The invention relates to a method for the automatic determination of optical parameters of a layer stack, such as film thicknesses, refractive indices or absorption coefficients, by comparing a picture taken by a location of the layer stack optical measurement spectrum with a calculated basis of predetermined optical parameter values analysis spectrum and optimization of the calculated analysis of the spectrum of the measurement spectrum out. Here, it is proposed to classify the recorded measurement spectrum based on waveform parameters that characterize the measured spectrum and are determined from this and to compare these waveform parameters with corresponding calculated for known layer stack waveform parameters of spectra to be determined (output) values or value ranges for the to determine optical parameters by which the or analyzing spectra for comparison with the measured spectrum are calculated. The invention allows a drastic reduction of computing power and time.


Subsurface drip irrigation in processing tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) has been rapidly adopted in California over the past decade, and is now used on approximately 90% of the production area. The economic necessity of maintaining the beds and replanting with only minimal tillage for multiple seasons has created a system where field bindweed (Convulvulus arvensis) has become more prevalent. Beginning in 2011, field studies were conducted at University of California Davis campus to evaluate the efficacy of registered herbicide combinations in controlling established field bindweed in processing tomatoes; parallel studies were conducted at the UC West Side Research and Extension Center using drip irrigation. The treatment design was a randomized block split-plot with four replications. Main plots consisted of pre-emergent and pre-plant incorporated (PPI) applications of pendimethalin, trifluralin, sulfentrazone, and rimsulfuron at label rates. Split-plot treatments were post-emergent applications of rimsulfuron or carfentrazone, applied after transplanting to emerged bindweed. Concurrently, additional herbicide treatment combinations included sequential post applications of rimsulfuron, carfentrazone, or carfentrazone + glyphosate; trifluralin applied PPI and again at lay-by, sulfentrazone + S-metalochlor PPI, trifluralin + S-metalochlor + rimsulfuron combination, as well as untreated and hand weeded controls. Overall, trifluralin was the most effective pre-emergence treatment for suppressing established field bindweed, however, this effect was not significantly different than the other treatments or the untreated control by the end of the season. Post-emergent applications of rimsulfuron and carfentrazone significantly improved bindweed control about 21% in most instances. The combination of trifluralin PPI and either rimsulfuron or carfentrazone applied post emergence, or applying trifluralin both pre and at layby, have been the best treatments for controlling field bindweed in these trials, with bindweed control of 50-80% compared to the untreated control. No significant differences were noted for tomato crop growth or yield; however, concerns remain about this herbicide program for its potential crop phytotoxicity and plant-back restrictions.


Tilman's allocation model attempted to explain broad-scale patterns in plant morphology and vegetational structure. A fundamental assumption of this model is that the maximum relative growth rate of a species is negatively correlated with the ratio of non-photosynthetic to photosynthetic tissues that it possesses. We tested this assumption, and therefore Tilman's model, using data of maximum relative growth rates and the ratio of root-to-shoot partitioning in 68 species of wetland angiosperm seedlings. We found no evidence for such a correlation at 10 d after germination (r = -0.19), and the hypothesis was rejected after 30 d (r = 0.20). There was a significant correlation opposite that predicted by Tilman's model (r = 0.53) between the maximum relative growth rate of a species and the allometric relationship between root growth and shoot growth. Species that allocated part of their biomass to stem tissues had higher relative growth rates than did species without stems. According to these data, Tilman's model must be rejected. We offer an alternative explanation of these trends, based on the concept of balanced growth.


A modified Wien bridge circuit capable of realizing the second-order all-pass function with complex poles and zeros is presented. The effect of the limited frequency response of the amplifier is examined and a method for compensation is given along with a design example.


In this paper we proposed several optimization models for spindle-bearing systems. The goal is to find out the position of the bearings, the diameters of the spindle (different diameters for several segments of the spindle) in order to maximize dynamic stiffness (minimize receptance), i.e. the diminishing of the vibrations. Some constraints are imposed: the distances between bearings, different diameters for several segments of the spindle, etc. The method is very useful for the design engineers from the very beginning of the design, offering to the designer the optimal values of the parameters.