By simulating the braking response time of pneumatic vehicle braking of mining dump truck, the effects of air pipeline length and volume, and clearance volume on the performance of the braking system are investigated, and the manners for braking performance improvement are discussed. There are some influences on the response time i.e. braking distance by air pipeline length and volume, and clearance volume, in which the effect of air pipeline volume is the least. The pneumatic braking performance of mining dump truck can be effectively modified by rationally collocating the compressed air container, optimizing the air pipeline length, distribution and braking valve, etc. or adopting the system automatically adapting to dynamical loads of vehicle wheel and assistant braking system.


Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) is the most widely distributed broadleaf tree in North American (Little 1971; Sargent 1890). Aspen forests occur from Labrador on the east coast to Alaska in the north to Mexico in the south. In its eastern range, aspen is relatively continuously distributed. In the western United States, however, it occurs on the more suitable sites on mountains and high plateaus (Jones 1985). On xeric sites, it is found primarily in riparian zones. Most western aspen occur on public lands and exist as pure clones, successional to conifer, or as small-scattered decadent groves. At least 75 percent of aspen in the western United States occurs in two states, Utah and Colorado. Almost 25 percent of Utah's forests are aspen (Mueggler 1988).


Recent experiments by several groups of workers (Tobias, Lipton & Lepinat 1946; Richter & Crossland, 1949; Elliott, Swank & Henderson, 1950; Wajda, 1951) have suggested that the amount of acetylcholine in the brain increases during anaesthesia. There is, however, little agreement as to the extent of this change and no comparison has hitherto been made of the effects of a range of anaesthetic agents on a single mammalian species or of a single anaesthetic on different species. Nor is it known in what proportions this increased acetylcholine concentration is shared by different parts of the brain. Since it seemed possible that information on these points might bear on the hypothesis that the onset of anaesthesia is causally related to the inhibition of acetylcholine synthesis by the brain, the experiments to be discussed in this paper were undertaken. A preliminary account of the main results of this investigation has already been published (Crossland, 1953).


Abstract Aggregate production planning decisions are inter mediate range decisions that can have a significant impact on both productivity and profitability. In this paper, we examine an interactive computer-based method that provides decision support for the aggregate planner. The proposed approach combines the judgement of the planner with the optimization of subproblems to arrive at an effective solution for multi-family aggregate production planning problems. In the interactive approach, the planner exercises direct control over sensitive workforce levels and production capacities. A network flow sub-problem solver is used to generate optimal production plans and inventory levels given the user-specified production capacities. Decision aids are provided to help the planner achieve a cost-effective solution that is consistent with judgement concerning workforce levels. Computational testing on five test problems indicates that very cost-effective solutions can be obtained. The results of applying the i...


The goal of the present work is to derive the closed-form expressions of coherence and admittances to describe the spatial distribution of lift on rectangular cylinders in turbulent flow, which can be used to investigate the three-dimensional effects of turbulence. The coherence of the three-dimensional aerodynamic admittance (3D AAF), which takes into full account the spanwise variations in the vertical velocity fluctuations, is introduced to assess the validity of the strip assumption. A theoretical coherence model expressed in a double-exponential form is derived starting from the two-wavenumber spectral tensor of the lift on a thin aerofoil in Fourier space, providing us with explicit insight into the coherence of the lift force. Notably, it is an intrinsic property that the lift force on the structure is more strongly correlated than the oncoming flow and 3D AAF. This coherence model is extended to rectangular cylinders by the introduction of three floating parameters into the decay parameters of the 3D AAF. Based on theoretical and experimental investigations, it is shown that the three-dimensional effects of turbulence grow more prominent as the difference between the decay parameters of the 3D AAF and vertical velocity fluctuations decreases. A generalized approach for rapidly deriving the closed-form expressions of the admittances is proposed to study the unsteady behaviour of the lift force and the distortion of the free stream passing through the rectangular cylinders.


The big man is Dan Scoular, legend of physical prowess in a decaying Ayrshire mining community. When a bare-knuckle fight offers both money and a purpose, he finds it turns into a monumental struggle to keep his heritage and integrity intact.


This article examines the monitoring of third-party education agents employed in international student recruitment. Agency theory identifies comprehensive monitoring as one way to ensure that agents work in the principal's best interest. By analyzing best practice guidelines, this article investigates the monitoring mechanisms proposed for education providers to mitigate information asymmetry in their education agent relationships. The findings from the analysis suggest that following the existing guidelines would only allow client institutions to partially observe the behavior of their agents. Hence, education providers should be not only guided toward more intensive use of the existing techniques but also encouraged to adopt new techniques, such as mystery shopping, to better determine education agents' true behavior.


The detection and discrimination of fault and stressed conditions are more important in the power transmission lines. Generally, fault protection in power systems is done by the distance relay. Based on the measurement of voltage and current at the sending and receiving end of the transmission line the relay operates the circuit breaker. However, the accuracy of fault protection is very low in conventional systems as well as the detection of power systems stressed conditions such as power swing, load encroachment, etc. To solve these issues, fault protection methods using Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) are analysed. A comparative analysis of conventional distance relays and PMU based distance relay is also presented. A comparative study of DFT based PMU and PLL based PMU for fault protection is performed and results are presented. The study and the results obtained have revealed that the fault protection system with PMU is efficient than the conventional system in terms of accuracy and determination of the fault location.


In the present paper SiN thin film has been studied as a passivation layer and its effect on AlGaN/GaN HEMTs is investigated using two different deposition techniques i.e PECVD and ICPCVD. AlGaN/GaN HEMTs devices passivated with optimised SiN film have delivered lower gate leakage current (from μA to nA). Device source drain saturation current (Ids) increased from 400mA/mm to ~550 A/mm and the peak extrinsic trans-conductance increased from 100 mS/mm to 170 mS/mm for a 0.8 μm HEMT device. The optimised SiN passivation process has resulted in reduced current collapse and increased breakdown voltage for HEMT devices.


We propose a method to fully exploit the dynamic signal produced by a recently developed non-invasive imaging modality: Dynamic Cell Imaging based on Full Field Optical Coherence Tomography, towards fast extemporaneous tissue assessment. The non-negative matrix factorisation method is used in an interpretable and quantifiable fashion to extract the signals coming from different structures of breast tissue in order to characterize cancerous tissue.


Statistical data show that it is much less expensive to correct software bugs at the early design stage rather than the late stage of the development process when the final system has already been implemented and integrated together. The use of slicing and execution histories as an aid in software debugging is well established for programming languages like C and C++; however, it is rarely applied in the field of software design specification. We propose a solution by applying the source code level technologies to debugging software designs represented in a high-level specification and description language such as SDL. More specifically, we extend execution slice-based heuristics from source code-based debugging to the software design specification level. Suspicious locations in an SDL specification are prioritized by their likelihood of containing faults. Locations with a higher priority should be examined first rather than those with a lower priority as the former are more likely to contain the faults. A debugging tool, SmartD/sub DSL/, with user-friendly interfaces was developed to support our method. An illustration is provided to demonstrate the feasibility of using our method to effectively debug an architectural design.


Started from the extended quantity theory for money and based on the seasonally adjusted data of the time series of money supply and stock price,this thesis employs HP filtering method to remove the trend items of all the time series and studies the linkages among the various volatile items.On the basis of the analysis,this thesis constructs unconstrained VAR model of two variables to analyze the money supply on the impact and contribution degree of stock price.


Objective: Observation of children with soy granules Alice heat treatment of respiratory infections how the efficacy.
Methods: Admitted to meet the diagnostic criteria of the 180 cases of respiratory tract infection in children, were randomly divided into two groups were observed.
Results: Comparison of the efficacy of the two groups: The total efficiency was 97.8%, the control group was 82.2%, There two groups were significant (p<0.05).


Gut contents of Common House Gecko ( Hemidactylus frenatus) collected from Jahangirnagar University campus, Savar, Dhaka were analysed. Sixteen different food items were identified of which most were insects. Insects from the order Orthoptera were the highest (32.66%) followed by the Coleopterans (18.36%), Diptera (14.28%), Hymenoptera (10.20%), Homoptera (10.20%), Lepidoptera (8.16%) and Hemiptera (6.14%). It is evident that the H. frenatus plays an important role in biological pest control consuming 39.13% insects which are harmful to crops, fruits and vegetables; 19.56% insects responsible for plant damage, 8.56% insects injurious to cotton, 6.52% garden pests, 6.52% were house hold pests, 4.32% destructive to plant seeds and roots of beans and cereals and remaining 15.21% were useful insects. Female consumed more than males. Bangladesh J. Zool. 41 (2): 229-232, 2013


It introduces a method of 3D surface reconstruction.As many other algorithms of this kind,it produces a piecewise linear approximation of a surface S from a finite,sufficiently dense,subset of its points.It is based on the 3D Delaunay triangulation of points,and uses the local area incremental algorithm to build the triangular mesh.Build up the 3D Delaunay triangulation through incremental insertion of points,and use breadth-first algorithm to pick the appropriate facets to reconstruct surfaces.The algorithm doesn't need preprocessing of input data and nearly user input independent.Present some results of the method,which turn out to be good on surfaces with and without boundaries.


dualism. From an essentialist framework of argument, Pinguet explains Japanese voluntary death as a systematic representation of the autonomous essence for Japaneseness, and thereby reduces Japanese history to mere repetition of the same truth. Thus, this book displays the general problematic intrinsic to the nihonjinron discourse, which by segregating Japan from the West, inevitably encourages ethnocentric isolationism. A different discursive strategy, free of dualism, is imperative. In Roland Barthes's L'Empire des signes, which is dedicated to Pinguet, a playfully methodical discourse is created, in which Barthes is determined to experience Japan as an incommensurably erotic other, so as to decenter Western metaphysical semanticism. We would do well to heed Barthes's theoretical counsel.


Tomatoes stalk size maths model were studied using twice Fuzzy-design with 311-B,multi-factors with Zn,B,Fe,adding N,P,K as basic fertility.The result is that the suitable fertility quantities;boric acid is 0 g/m 2 zinc sulfate is 0 07 g/m 2,ferrisulphasis is 0 14 g/m 2,The single factors effective and mutual function of Zn,B,Fe were analysed.


ABSTRACT This work presents experimental investigation of the low-temperature dielectric and ultrasonic responses of (Ba1−xSrx)TiO3 ceramics with high strontium concentration compositions, x > 0.825. Impedance spectroscopy measurements were performed at frequencies between 0.1 kHz and 100 kHz, and the results were correlated to those obtained with ultrasonic measurements. The anomalies observed in ultrasonic data were associated to ferroelastic and ferroelectric phase transitions. For x = 0.875 the "pinching" of ferroelectric phase transitions was observed. A brief discussion associates some peaks in the ultrasonic attenuation to anomalies in the dielectric response at temperatures below phase transition.


It has been just over two decades since the Security by Means of Movable Property Act 57 of 1993 (SMPA) came into operation on 7 May 1993.1 For someone who knows little about its historical context and field of application, the Act's title might create the impression that it is a comprehensive piece of legislation that is at the pinnacle of the South African legal regime regarding the use of movable property as objects of credit security. However, the Act only deals with a specific real security right, namely a pledge that vests in favour of the creditor if the notarial bond is registered in compliance with the requirements of the SMPA. The bond must be registered in accordance with the Deeds Registries Act 47 of 1937 and the object of security must be 'specified and described in the bond in a manner which renders it readily recognizable'. Unlike the traditional common-law pledge, the special notarial bond requires no delivery of the hypothecated movable in order to constitute a real right in favour of the creditor. Instead, the creation of a right of pledge is deemed to be as effective as if there had been valid delivery, notwithstanding that there was none.


Background: Delayed platelet recovery and secondary thrombocytopenia, defined as a drop in platelet count not due to disease relapse after initial platelet recovery, occur in 5-25% of patients after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and indicate adverse prognosis. Platelet transfusion to prevent bleeding remains a mainstay of therapy and role of thrombopoietic agents is not known. Eltrombopag, a non-peptide small molecule, thrombopoietin receptor agonist, is licensed for use in refractory ITP and aplastic anemia. In this phase II randomized double blind placebo controlled study, we investigated the safety and efficacy of eltrombopag for post HCT thrombocytopenia. Methods: Patients 35 days or more after HCT were eligible for the study if they had 1) platelet count ≤ 20 x 109/l sustained for 7 days or if they were platelet transfusion dependent, and 2) neutrophil count ≥ 1.5 x 109/l with or without G-CSF in the previous 7 days. Patients were excluded if they had abnormal liver function tests (ALT ≥ 2.5 ULN, or Bilirubin >2mg/dl) or had prior venous thrombosis. Patients were randomized to receive placebo or eltrombopag using a Bayesian adaptive algorithm in which the probability of randomization to each arm was based upon the ongoing response rate. Eltrombopag was started at a dose of 50mgs and escalated every 2 weeks to 75mgs, 125 mgs and 150mgs if platelet count was Results: Sixty patients were randomized to eltrombopag (n=42) or placebo (n=18) and received at least one dose of drug. 7 patients had an autograft and 53 patients had an allograft. Donor was related for 22 and unrelated for 31 patients. Stem cell source was peripheral blood in 36 patients, bone marrow in 23 patients and cord blood in 1 patient. There were no significant differences in patient characteristics between the 2 treatment arms. The probability that the response rate in the Eltrombopag arm is superior to the response rate in the placebo arm was 0.75, given the observed data. The protocol required this probability to be > 0.975 to declare a winner; thus, the results are inconclusive. Fifteen (36%) of patients in eltrombopag arm responded compared to 5 (28%) of patients in placebo arm. A 95% credible interval for response in the Eltrombopag arm is 22% to 50%, and a 95% credible interval for response in the placebo arm is 11% to 48%. 37 patients completed all 8 weeks of therapy; however, all patients (n=60) who received at least one dose of study treatment were included in the intention to treat evaluation of this endpoint. A secondary objective was to compare proportion of patients achieving a platelet count ≥ 50 x 109/l. Response rate was higher in the eltrombopag arm for this endpoint as well: 9 (21.4%) patients achieved success compared with 0 (0%) patients in the placebo arm (p=0.0466; Fisher9s exact test). OS, PFS, relapse rate, and non-relapse mortality were similar in two arms. Conclusion: Eltrombopag improves platelet count in patients with post-transplant thrombocytopenia. Disclosures Kim:Eli Lilly: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics, Inc.: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bayer: Consultancy.


THE Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in the Belfast City Hospital was opened on 1st September, 1978. The object of this paper is to present an audit of the first two years work. The ICU is a four-bedded unit which was intended to provide support for the needs of the acute services of the South Belfast Group. The main hospitals are the Belfast City Hospital (1116 beds) and the Musgrave Park Hospital (700 beds). A breakdown of the bed complements is shown in Table 1. It can be seen that there are a total of 600 beds providing acute medical, surgical and gynaecological care. Patients requiring specialised investigations or surgical intervention for cardio-thoracic or neurosurgical problems are referred directly or indirectly to the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit at the Royal Victoria Hospital.


The three mainstays for cancer treatment include surgical removal of tumors, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, which have led to improved patient survival for certain types of cancer, but there is still much room for improvement. Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and accounted for 7.6 million deaths (13% of all deaths) in 2008 (World Health Organization, 2012). The 2012 Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer indicated that there was a decrease in overall cancer mortality and incidence in the U.S.A. from 1999 to 2008, particularly for the four major cancer sites: lung, colorectum, breast and prostate [1]. However, there were increases in the incidence of other types of cancer, including those of the pancreas, kidney, thyroid and liver, as well as melanoma and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, from 1999 to 2008.


During a combustion process, fuel undergoes various physical and chemical transformations. First-line physical transformations such as char oxidation, devolatilization, and fragmentation are the most important aspects of the ash formation process in the radiant zone. These transformations will be the same for all fuels but the extent to which they occur will be different due to varying mineral matter contents in the carbon matrix and size distribution. At typical pulverized fuel firing conditions, characterized by the high initial heating rates (105 °C/s) and temperature (1450−1600 °C) the overall, reaction rate is initially controlled by the rate of volatiles diffusion through the pores of a char particle along with chemical reactions. A transition to a kinetically controlled regime is generally observed in the later stages of the combustion process. The extent of the fragmentation will be different in both regimes. In this paper an attempt is made to shed light on the first-line ash transformations of d...


In response to a reader query, the column traces the origins of the prefixes "ortho-", "meta-", and "para-" in both inorganic and organic chemical nomenclature.


Abstract : The document describes current research projects -- those initiated, in progress, and completed during fiscal year 1970 -- in the social and behavioral sciences dealing with international affairs, foreign areas, and United States foreign policy for the use, primarily, of research officers throughout the Government. The research descriptions are arranged by subject matter, with cross-references as appropriate at the end of each section. (Author)


Autoimmune Disease is the misguided targeting of self‐proteins or tissues by immune cells and is the number two cause of chronic long‐term disease. Many therapeutic options for autoimmune disease involve the use of immunosuppressive medicines that reduce the immune system's abnormal response. This approach is not specific to the individual autoimmune disorder and as a result these drugs weaken the entire immune system leaving the patient more prone to infection. Therefore, more targeted approaches to treatment of autoimmune disorders is needed. In our work we are developing an antigen specific approach to autoimmune therapy by hiding the epitope (specific auto‐antibody binding site) on the antigen to which an antibody is binding. Using the model system, idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), we have developed epitope binding nanobodies which cover up the epitope region. Twenty‐five epitope binding nanobodies were designed and docked to the epitope region. Binding scores to the epitope regions of the IMN antigen phospholipase A2 receptor were evaluated. Our results show that several prominent interactions lead to improved binding scores compared to the starting nanobody template. Gel analysis of the protein expression of the ySMB, SH13‐M001, and SH13‐M003 epitope binding nanobody candidates, demonstrates successful protein expression and purification. Future studies underway are ELISA assays to confirm binding of epitope binding nanobodies and their ability to inhibit autoantibody binding in vitro.


In 1925 there appeared in one of the senior writer's cultures of maize a few plants producing 50 percent aborted pollen. Subsequent examination of the ears borne by these individuals revealed that they likewise developed only one-half the normal number of seeds. Following BELLING'S (1914) application of the term to a similar condition in Stizolobium, the phenomenon was called semisterility. The pedigreed line to which the


In this paper, we demonstrate a novel stabilization scheme of actively harmonically mode-locked Erbium-doped fiber lasers (ML-EDFLs) by using highly nonlinear fibers in the cavity. 2 and 4 wavelengths anchored on ITU-T standards with 100 GHz channel spacing are successfully generated without gain competition. The amplitude fluctuation and timing jitter are measured to be less than 1% and 100fs, respectively.


Hot deformation at elevated temperature is essential to densify the particle reinforced 14 Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) and improve their performance. However, hot deformation 15 behavior of the AMCs is sensitive to the variation of hot processing parameters. In this paper, 16 optimal processing parameters of the dual-scale SiCp/A356 composites were determined to explore 17 the control strategy of the microstructure. Hot compression tests were conducted at the 18 temperature ranging from 460 to 520°C under strain rates from 0.01 to 5 s−1. Constitutive equation 19 and processing maps were presented to determine the hot processing parameters. Microstructure 20 evolution of the dual-scale SiCp/A356 composites was analyzed. The strain rate of 0.62 ~ 5s-1 and 21 deformation temperature of 495 ~ 518°C is suitable for the hot processing. The number of dynamic 22 recrystallization (DRX) grain in the "safe" domains is larger and the dislocation density is lower 23 compared to those of instability domains. DRX grains mainly occurred around SiC particles. The 24 presence of SiC particles can promote effectively the DRX nucleation, which result in that the 25 dynamic softening mechanism of the dual-scale SiCp/A356 composites is dominated DRX. 26


Chinese ginseng (Panax ginseng) is a perennial Chinese herb of the Araliaceae family. It is found in the three northeast provinces of China. As a valuable restorative tonic, it is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (Radad et al. 2006). In November 2015 and 2016, gray mold was observed on 10 to 35% of fresh ginseng roots in two storage facilities under complete darkness at 4°C in Ji An and Fu Song City, Jilin Province. Initial symptoms included light brown, water-soaked lesions on ginseng roots. Within 30 days, the diseased areas enlarged, with dense, abundant gray mycelia forming on lesions. To isolate the pathogen, small pieces of diseased roots were surface disinfested in 3% NaClO for 2 min, rinsed twice in distilled water, plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated at 22°C for 5 days. Sixteen isolates were recovered by single-spore isolation. Colony morphology was almost identical among all isolates. Representative isolate PG-S015 was grown on PDA under constant fluorescent light at 22°C. After 5 days, abundant mycelia with branched conidiophores were produced. Conidia were single, aseptate, pale brown, and globose to subglobose. Conidial size ranged from 8.2 to 17.3 μm in length and from 5.8 to 12.2 μm in width, averaging 13.6 ± 0.6 × 8.7 ± 0.3 μm (n = 50). The conidia were slightly longer than B. cinerea (Zhang et al. 2006). After 9 days, black, scattered, irregular sclerotia were produced. Sclerotial size measured 1.0 to 3.0 × 1.3 to 6.0 mm with the average of 2.1 × 3.8 mm (n = 50). DNA was extracted from all isolates. All 16 isolates were sequenced for the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH), DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunit II (RPB2), and heat-shock protein 60 (HSP60) genetic markers. Their ITS sequences (KY810515 to KY810530) were identical to those of B. pelargonii (AJ716290) and B. cinerea (KY319171). The G3PDH (KY827182 to KY827197) and HSP60 (KY827198 to KY827213) sequences were 137 and 42 bp shorter than those of B. cinerea (GenBank KY275256 and KX229753) and identical to those of B. pelargonii (AJ704990 and AJ716046). The RPB2 sequences (KY827214 to KY827229) were also 99% identical to that of B. pelargonii (AJ745662). The fungus was identified as B. pelargonii based on its morphological and molecular characteristics (Staats et al. 2005; Zhang et al. 2006). Pathogenicity tests were performed by pipetting a 100 μl of conidial suspension (1 × 10⁵ conidia/ml) of each selected isolate PG-S015 and PG-S-FS-017 onto a 5-year-old fresh ginseng root, three replicates per isolate. Sterilized water was used as the noninoculated control treatment. The experiment was carried out three times. All inoculated roots were maintained at 4°C and 90% relative humidity, similar to the environmental conditions in which the disease was observed. Within 30 days, all inoculated ginseng roots developed similar symptoms to those of the naturally occurring disease described above, whereas all noninoculated roots remained healthy. Isolates with identical morphological and molecular characteristics were recovered from the diseased roots. Prior to this report, B. pelargonii was exclusively recovered from Pelargonium spp. (Strider 1985). This is the first report of B. pelargonii causing postharvest gray mold on stored fresh ginseng roots. Proper management should be taken to reduce the losses from this disease to the quality and marketability of ginseng as a highly valuable traditional Chinese medicine.


Different weight percentages (0.25-1.00 wt%) of Nitrogen (Non-Metal) and Manganese (Metal) co-doped nano titania were synthesized by sol-gel method and characterized by XRD, UV-vis.DRS, FT-IR, XPS, SEM and TEM. The XRD results has shown that all the prepared catalysts are in anatase phase indicating that co-doping of N and Mn did not affect the crystal structure of TiO2 . From the UV-vis.DRS spectra a significant absorption shift towards visible region was noticed in N and Mn co-doped TiO2 and their presence was confirmed by XPS and FT-IR results. SEM and TEM results showed spherical nanoparticles with average particle size of 9 nm. Photocatalytic efficiency of synthesized nano materials was tested on non-biodegradable organophosphorous pesticide, Malathion under visible light irradiation. The effect of dopant concentration, pH, catalyst dosage, and initial pesticide concentration on photocatalytic degradation of malathion was studied and optimum conditions were established. Among the synthesized samples 0.50 wt% N & 1.00 wt% Mn-TiO2 exhibited best photocatalytic performance. Photoluminiscent spectroscopy (PL) was used to examine the rate of production of oxidative species, hydroxyl radicals which play key role in photocatalytic degradation.


We show that the activity between 2002 and 2014 of shallow very low frequency earthquakes (VLFEs), which occur in shallow subduction zones of the Ryukyu Trench, responds to ocean and Earth tides. Tidal sensitivity is highest in the central portion of the Ryukyu Trench and lowest in the southwest. The lag of peak VLFE activation behind the peaks of shear stress or normal stress is laterally heterogeneous along the Ryukyu Trench. The lateral variation of the lag between the peaks of sensitivity and stresses can be explained by the dependence of VLFE activation on thrust‐encouraging shear stress on the plate. The effective normal stress, which is calculated through rock experiments and from the sensitivity of VLFE for shear stress, is 0.25 MPa in the central Ryukyu Trench, which implies that high pore pressure on the plate interface would induce the VLFEs. The lateral variation of the sensitivity can be explained by differences in pore pressure within the plate interface. Although tidal sensitivity is lowest in the southwestern Ryukyu Trench, it increased temporarily during the middle of the decay of VLFE swarm activity. This is interpreted as reflecting a temporary increase in pore pressure on the fault, frictional heterogeneity, or fault weakening during the slip of slow slip events.


Let X be a smooth projective complex variety, of di- mension 3, whose Hodge numbers h 3,0 (X) ,h 1,0 (X) both vanish. Let f : X ��� X be a birational map that induces an isomorphism U ∼ V on (dense) open subvarieties U, V of X. Then we show that the com- plex varieties (X \ U)red, (X \ V )red are piecewise isomorphic.


According to the classification study of the Ochthephilum,Paederinae,we found that the relationship between the Ochthephilum and the Cryptobium was not clear.In order to clarify their relationship,we have read a lot of literature at home and abroad,and examined the specimens in our lab.The researching result shows that the Ochthephilum is the senior synonym of the Cryptobium,which means the Ochthephilum is the valid name.As a result,the relationship between the Ochthephilum and the Cryptobium has been clarifyed.


A framework-level IdAM integration approach requires a stable network infrastructure. Information framework's operation may be significantly restricted when the network is disconnected from the remote IdAM service. Moreover, military networks, especially tactical networks, are volatile, and network disconnection is also high. In this paper, we proposed an Edge-Sovereign Identity (ESI) that expanded the concept of SSI for use in the military field, designed the structure and function of the proposed concept, and demonstrated its usefulness and validity through examples and prototypes.


materials centers was established to provide services to teachers of the handicapped. Those first centers represented the beginning of the Special Education Instructional Materials Centerl Regional Media Center (IMCIRMC) Network which is presently composed of 13 regional IMCs, 4 RMCs, 2 national information and reference centers, and over 300 associate IMCs. (For regional information see page 98.) From the early days of the individual centers through their development into a nationwide network, one of their major objectives has been to develop inservice training programs for special education personnel. The current Special Education IMCIRMC training programs include a variety of content areas ranging from the evaluation of instructional materials to the use of specific teaching methods in reading. They incorporate a large assortment of media such as videotape, filmstrip, and an art


To understand the frequency characteristics during isolated operation of Hainan Power Grid,and to estabilish the basis for taking measures to ensure safe and economical operation,the generator-sheding and load-losing accidents of Hainan Power Grid in 2008 are studied,and the distribution of the frequency coefficient of the grid is discovered.The effectiveness of mathematical models is analyzed,suggestions on generator unit regulation,factors affecting power control when interconnecting with China Southern Power Grid(CSG),and the automatic generation control(AGC) parameters for interconnecting with CSG are proposed.


ABSTRACT Farmers' perceptions and responses to climate change vary across Africa. This paper investigates the impacts of cultural beliefs on smallholders' perceptions and responses to climate change and the implicit gender relations. A field visit was conducted in the Oku community, Bamenda Highlands, Cameroon in 2015 using open-ended questions. Witchcraft and ancestral retribution were the predominant beliefs associated with the causes of climate change and adaptation strategies. Therefore, the cultural dimension should be considered when planning climate change awareness programmes and during the design of adaptation policies.


Introduction: Growth Monitoring is the process of following and assessing the growth rate of a child in comparison to a standard by, periodic, frequent anthropometric measurements. Only a few have been said and researched about the maternal knowledge and attitude towards growth monitoring and its associated factors in Ethiopia as well globally. Therefore, this study was conducted to fill the observed gap.
Methods: Community based cross sectional study was conducted in Areka town, from June 2 to June 12, 2017 sample size was 369 (p=0.53) after correction and proportional sample size allocation is used to allocate the sample to the 4 Kebeles and Systematic random sampling was used to select households. Data was collected using semistructured questioners by interview and the obtained data was analysed using SPSS v.24.0 statistical software. Statistical significance was declared at P-value of 0.25 for bivariate and 0.05 for multivariable logistic regressions.
Results: On this study 53% of mothers were found to have poor knowledge and 42.6% of mothers had poor attitude. This study also found educational status of mothers; occupational status and adequate counselling and education from health professionals are associated with knowledge on growth monitoring. Poor knowledge and adequate counselling and education from health professionals were significantly associated with attitude towards growth monitoring.
Conclusion and Recommendation: Mothers have relatively good attitude than knowledge. Formal education, counselling and education from health professionals and a formal occupation had a positive impact on knowledge and attitude towards growth monitoring. The knowledge status of the mothers was found to be low.


This article describes how a Bangladesh orphan, destined to be a poor cow herder, is succeeding both academically and in sports through a sponsorship by Zakat Foundation of America.


BackgroundMental health problems are prevalent in children and young people (CYP). Children with neurodevelopmental disorders such as ASD have co-morbid mental health difficulties which add to the challenges they face. COVID-19 has likely contributed to the mental health and wellbeing of CYP but many children with mental health disorders do not have access to any mental health-related services. Due to adverse effects that ill-timed treatments bring, it is important to identify barriers exist in accessing services and implement appropriate strategies. To date, there has been little focus on professional's viewpoint as to why these barriers exist and they are in a position to comment upon potential system flaws.AimsThis narrative review aims to review the current literature looking at the global barriers and facilitators in accessing Child and Adolescent Mental health services (CAMHS) in professionals' perspective,MethodA narrative review was conducted to synthesize published studies and official documents from various sources in accordance to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) Guidelines. This review selected 16 studies from two databases, PsycINFO, Medline. Additional documents were hand-searched from reference lists and organisations websites.ResultsTwo themes were identified: (1) barriers experienced by service users in professionals' perspectives including waiting times, eligibility criteria, limited resources & stigma. (2) facilitators and strategies to improve access were identified. This review identified gaps in the current UK mental health system.Discussion and ConclusionThis review provided an overview of professional viewpoint on the barriers and facilitators in accessing CAMHS. There were limited studies looking at the potential additional barriers faced by children with neurodevelopmental disorders when accessing mental health services from a professional's perspective. This paucity of data will be a platform for future research including service evaluation within Specialist Neurodevelopmental assessment services at Great Ormond Street Hospital.


Objective To investigate the effect of different anticoagulants on apolipoprotein M(apoM) measurement.Methods ApoM was measured in serum and in EDTA-K2-treated,lithium-heparin-treated and 3.8%sodium-citrate-treated plasma from 11 healthy volunteers with two kinds of Dot-blotting methods(ALP or HRP conjugated secondary antibody,respectively).Results In both ALP and HRP group,the measured apoM values in EDTA-treated plasma were lower than those in other plasma and serum,and the difference was statistically significant(P0.05).The effects of heparin and citrate on the apoM measurement in two groups were inversely different.Conclusion Different anticoagulants affect the apoM measurement greatly.EDTA will significantly reduce the apoM values with Dot-blotting methods and the mechanism is not based on the suppression of ALP activity.


The invention relates to a zirconium and strontium compound micro-alloyed nickel-aluminum bronze and a preparation method thereof. The product is characterized by mainly comprising nickel-aluminum bronze, Zr (at the mass percent of 0.02-0.085%) and Sr (at the mass percent of 0.018-0.063%). The preparation process of the alloy is as follows: firstly, fusing the nickel-aluminum bronze, and then adding Al-Sr intermediate alloy and Al-Zr intermediate alloy; secondly, after completely fusing, adding a residue removing agent (for removing impurities), and introducing into high-purity nitrogen for refining; and lastly, pouring into a casting ladle, standing by, removing the residue and casting into an ingot, thereby obtaining the zirconium and strontium compound micro-alloyed nickel-aluminum bronze. Compared with the common nickel-aluminum bronze, the zirconium and strontium compound micro-alloyed nickel-aluminum bronze has the advantages that: the tissue is fine and small; the hardness and the corrosion resistance are increased; the friction coefficient is obviously reduced; and the nickel-aluminum bronze has wide application prospect in the fields of vessel propellers, sea water pumps, offshore oil platforms, seawater pipeline systems, mechanical moulds, bearings working under high speed, high pressure and high environment, lings, turbines, and the like.


The report describes various methods for determining the phase sequence of a multiphase system. The reference phase is chosen random from the multi-phase and is assigned the serial number 1. Then with the help of a general rule and a micro controller, the serial number of any other phase is determined. The discussion starts with the simple three-phase sequence detection and then proceeds towards multi-phase systems. To ensure that the multiphase sequence detector operates properly, multi-phase supply is needed for its testing. Hence generation of multi-phase sequences becomes a supplementary task. The report also presents various techniques of multi-phase generation along with their merits and demerits. Some experimental results are discussed and conclusions are made related to various methods discussed in the report.


France represents the 'statist path' towards a constraining legal environment. While legal constraints on civil society actors were generally justifiable as a means to protect the state and to assure the political regime's long-term stability, legal constraints imposed on voluntary organizations tended to be enhanced in conjunction with state benefits made available to them to strengthen the democracy's societal underpinning. Such a balanced approach is visible in the regulation of parties but also of service-providing organizations. The latter gained increasing importance from the early 1980s onwards, feeding into an expansion of legal constraints as well as funding opportunities for voluntary organizations in this corporatist voluntary sector regime. Since then, concerns about regime stability as a driver of constraining regulation have become less important as France enjoys long-term political stability. This contrasts with incentives generated by the country's corporatist voluntary sector traditions, which have gained in importance instead.


edouard Manet was related by marriage to Ambroise Adam and also his good friend, painting a plein-air portrait sketch of him in 1861 (Fig.18).1 Among the pictures, papers, prints, drawings and photographs that belonged to Adam and his son-in-law, the artist L?on Gauthier, is an exceptionally rare, perhaps unique, 'souvenir' of the celebrated Salon des Refus?s of 1863. The carte-photographe shows a large gallery filled with paintings that hang cheek by jowl on three walls (Fig. 19). The fashionable crowd in the room includes a vari ety of social and even ethnic types, and the scene is made more dynamic by the fact that pictures on the absent 'fourth wall', where the viewer of the photograph is located, are also the subject of the spectators' gaze a very close and possibly prurient one in the case of a 'Monsieur Prudhomme' figure enthusiastically adjusting his pince-nez. An oval blindstamp in the lower margin of the card reads photographie de LA MADELEINE / CAMILLE RENSCH / 19, RUE ROYALE, 19, and the albumen print reproduces a detailed caricature drawing signed fabritzius.2 Its subject is unmistakable. High up on the far wall are the three paintings that Manet submitted to the Salon jury in 1863: two full-length 'Spanish' figures and his large painting of a bathing party, clearly signed on the caricature with his name in capital letters. When Manet's three paintings and three etchings were rejected by the jury, he opted to hang them in the 'Salon annexe', or 'contre exposition, as it was dubbed by its organising committee. This notorious Salon des Refus?s, authorised by Emperor Napoleon III, was held alongside the official Salon in the vast building known as the Palais des Champs-Elys?es, or Palais de l'Industrie.3 The tide of the Catalogue des ouvrages de peinture, sculpture, gravure, lithographie et architecture refus?s par le jury de 1863 defined the exhibitors and explains the additional Salon's consecrated name.4 In the hastily published livret, Manet's three paintings are listed as Le Bain (no.363; subsequently re tided by the artist Le D?jeuner sur l'herbe\ Mus?e d'Orsay, 18. Ambroise Adam in the garden at Pressagny, by Edouard Manet. 1861. Canvas, 40.7 by 33.4 cm. (Private collection).


We show that in the absence of magnetic shear the convective-cell modes in a magnetized plasma are strongly coupled. A three-wave decay instability can occur among two magnetostatic and one electrostatic zero-frequency modes. It is found that here cascading of energy is only in the direction of small wave numbers in the magnetostatic spectrum. Our results are compared with other cascading processes. The role of magnetic shear is also discussed.


The purpose of implementation-based testing is to gain a measure of confidence in the correctness of the software by providing adequate coverage of the code. One unit of testing in object-oriented software is a class. However, classes use other classes and if class interactions form a cycle of dependencies then, to test a client class that uses an untested supplier class, stubs must be constructed to simulate the correct behavior of the untested supplier class. However, an important consideration in using stubs to facilitate testing of a client class is the adequacy of code coverage in the client when the client uses a stub rather than the actual supplier class. In this paper we present a study of test coverage adequacy in the presence of stubs as used to facilitate testing of an object-oriented application. We examine coverage in both cluster and class-based testing of the application and, using the results of our study, we draw some conclusions about the coverage provided when stubs are used in each form of testing. In addition, we study the ability of the tester to meet the specified adequacy criteria for class-based testing in the presence of stubs.


This paper is concerned with the study of two SIRS Model with Double Time Delay by incorporating time delay in both infective and recovered class. In model I, we have obtained the existence of disease free and endemic equilibrium points. For Model I, by analyzing the eigenvalues of associated characteristic equation of system, the conditions ensuring the local stability of the equilibrium points are obtained. Further, for the Model II the dynamical behavior of the endemic equilibrium is shown from the point of view of stability switches aspects. Finally, numerical simulations have been carried out in support of our result.


A theory of the modification of the radiation pattern of a dipole antenna by the ion engine exhaust is given. A theory of fluctuations in the beam is worked out. The effect of the fluctuations is to randomly modulate a signal carrier in phase and in amplitude. Its effect on an FM-FM telemetry system is to cause a 4-db degradation in signal-to-noise voltage output. (auth)


Isolated gas-phase ionic liquid (IL) molecules, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Emim+][Tf2N−]), are excited by laser-produced high-harmonic extreme ultraviolet light in the 17−26 eV range and the ions are probed by velocity map imaging. The velocities of the intact cation, Emim+, and intact anion, Tf2N−, are recorded in separate velocity map images. The kinetic energy distribution of the intact cation has both slow ions arising from previously reported dissociative ionization and fast ions from ion-pair dissociation of the neutral isolated ionic liquid (positive and negative ion pairs) where the branching ratio is approximately 0.18 ± 0.02:0.82 ± 0.02. The intact anion is also detected with a momentum that complements the higher velocity intact cation fragment, indicating that the process arises from two-body dissociation of the neutral ion-pair. Similar angular distributions for the anion and the higher velocity cation indicate that the electronic transition, which is above the ionization threshold and leads to ion-pair dissociation of the neutral, has a dipole moment perpendicular to the dissociating ion-pair bond. Observation of the ion-pair dissociation upon photoexcitation of the IL vapor not only reveals a previously unobserved photodissociation pathway for the ionic liquid, but it also provides direct evidence for the existence of the ion pairs in the isolated gas phase molecules.


The present study aimed to evaluate post-menopausal symptoms, its effect on females quality of life. Setting: The study was conducted at the Gynecological outpatient clinics of Mansoura University Hospitals. Study Design: A descriptive study design was carried. Sample: 143 postmenopausal females excluded pilot study =130. Type of sample: a convenient sample was used Tools: Three tools were used for data collection: 1st tool was the interviewing questionnaire schedule, 2nd tool was the menopause rating scale (MRS), and 3rd tool Utian (2002) Quality of Life scale. Results: the study results showed that more than two third of postmenopausal females were aged > 50 ys, it was also observed that59.2% of post-menopausal females had moderate somatic, psychological and urogenital symptoms. It showed that 57.7 % among them complaining of sever joint and muscular discomfort, 55.4% were complaining of moderate anxiety and 46.2% complaining of sever dryness of vagina, mild bladder problems. The results showed that 60.0% among post-menopausal females had average quality of life, There was statistically significant association between quality of life and mean score of menopause rating scale P= (0.002). That the mean score of menopause rating scale was significantly increased with worsening the state of quality of life.  Conclusion: it was evident from the study results that, more than half of postmenopausal females had moderate somatic, psychological and urogenital symptoms. There was statistically significant relation between menopause rating scale and quality of life.  Recommendations: provide in services education program for nurses working in postmenopausal unite females to overcome postmenopausal problems.


Using daily discharge data from the US Geological Survey,we calculated 34 stream flow metrics for 150 watersheds(area282 km2) within the Chesapeake Bay basin,and selected 17 of the metrics.We quantified the proportions of forest,agriculture,grassland,developed land,and impervious surface in each watershed.For each of the three physiographic provinces,we correlated the flow metrics with the land cover proportions to elucidate how different land cover types affect the flow regime.Higher proportions of forest increased stream flow in relatively dry winters or springs and reduced stream flow in comparatively rainy autumns.Higher forest proportions also reduced flooding,prolonged pulses of higher flow,and reduced flow variability.Higher proportions of agriculture reduced flow variability and prolonged pulses of higher flow in all physiographic provinces and reduced flooding in the highland physiographic provinces.Higher grassland proportions reduced flooding and flow variability and prolonged high flow pulses in all provinces.Higher proportions of developed land and impervious surface reduced infiltration,increased flooding and flow during high rainfall periods,intensified flow variability,and shortened high flow pulses;there are different hydrologic effects in different urbanized areas.


Information on crop yield at scales ranging from the field to the global level is imperative for farmers and decision makers. The current data sources to monitor crop yield, such as regional agriculture statistics, are often lacking in spatial and temporal resolution. Remotely sensed vegetation indices (VIs) such as NDVI are able to assess crop yield using empirical modelling strategies. Empirical NDVI-based crop yield models were evaluated by comparing the model performance with similar models used in different regions. The integral NDVI and the peak NDVI were weak predictors of winter wheat yield in northern Belgium. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) yield variability was better predicted by monthly precipitation during tillering and anthesis than by NDVI-derived yield proxies in the period from 2016 to 2018 (R2 = 0.66). The NDVI series were not sensitive enough to yield affecting weather conditions during important phenological stages such as tillering and anthesis and were weak predictors in empirical crop yield models. In conclusion, winter wheat yield modelling using NDVI-derived yield proxies as predictor variables is dependent on the environment.


Stacker fabric for the sewing machine has a vertical shaft, while the machine is in the working position the stack of materials and sewing the fabric, the vertical bar pivotally supported at one end of the first lever, the second lever by a pin (shaft ) and the first lever is rotatably coupled; two parallel bars fixed to the free end of the (two) rod (first rod, second rod) and the installation of a number of cylinders, and that the two vertical rods can sequentially swing lever, a stacked fabrics were sewn.


The article is to detect the relationship between serum hyaluronate(HA), procollagen Ⅲ peptide (PⅢ P) and liver function, ultra sonic B in patients with hepatitis. The serum HA and P Ⅲ P were detected in 128 patients with hepatits. The results indicated that serum HA and PⅢ P in chronic hepatitis were significantly higher than in acute hepatitis (P 0. 05 - 0. 01 ). They correlated with the serum level of globulin. The levels of them in abnormal ultra sonic B are higher than that in normal ultra sonic B(P 0. 05 - 0. 01 ). The results showed that HA and PⅢ P are all better indexes to diagnosis liver fibrosis.


Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a staple food for many people in the tropical regions. However, yield of cassava has reduced of late due to high incidence of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) which is caused by the cassava mosaic virus (CMV). This necessitated the study on the production of disease free cassava materials from CMD cassava plants through somatic embryogenesis. CMV infected cassava leaves were cultured for callus tissue induction and somatic embryos (SE) generation on modified MS media supplemented with 2, 4–D. The SE maturation was carried out on modified MS media supplemented with Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP). Callus tissue initiation and induction started ten (10) days after plating (DAP), SE were generated 35 DAP and survival rate of explants was 90.2 %. Maturation of SE occurred 60 DAP and the number of somatic embryos per explant ranged from 5 – 14. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) were used to detect the presence of CMV on leaves, callus tissues and SE. East African Cassava Mosaic Virus (EACMV) and African Cassava Mosaic Virus (ACMV) were two different strains of CMV detected in the leaf, callus tissue and SE from CMD cassava explants. The SE that was generated from CMV infected leaves of cassava showed 87.5% virus free with the PCR technique of viral particle detection. The outcome of the study demonstrated the effectiveness of somatic embryogenesis in eliminating the ACMV from infected materials and EACMV from infected cassava plants to produce viral free planting materials.


Based on shear stress-relative displacement curve between soil nail and soil, the force transferring mechanism is analyzed. A mechanical model of stress transfer is built. The formulas of stress distribution and deformation along the soil nail are given according to equilibrium conditions of the section. The law of stress transferring between soil nail and surrounding soil is analyzed theoretically; the results of the model are agreed with engineering data very well.


A journey into the world that has sprung up around the U.S. military prison at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, through the eyes of one of the lawyers for the prisoners held there without charge or process. People and things are rarely as they seem, names are stripped away and contorted, and truth and justice are as foreign as freedom to this prison outside the law


In recent years, the physiological measurement based on remote photoplethysmography has attracted wide attention, especially since the epidemic of COVID-19. Many researchers paid great efforts to improve the robustness of illumination and motion variation. Most of the existing methods divided the ROIs into many sub-regions and extracted the heart rate separately, while ignoring the fact that the heart rates from different sub-regions are consistent. To address this problem, in this work, we propose a structural sparse representation method to reconstruct the pulse signals (SSR2RPS) from different sub-regions and estimate the heart rate. The structural sparse representation (SSR) method considers that the chrominance signals from different sub-regions should have a similar sparse representation on the combined dictionary. Specifically, we firstly eliminate the signal deviation trend using the adaptive iteratively re-weighted penalized least squares (Airpls) for each sub-region. Then, we conduct the sparse representation on the combined dictionary, which is constructed considering the pulsatility and periodicity of the heart rate. Finally, we obtain the reconstructed pulse signals from different sub-regions and estimate the heart rate with a power spectrum analysis. The experimental results on the public UBFC and COHFACE datasets demonstrate the significant improvement for the accuracy of the heart rate estimation under realistic conditions.


The following paper concerns the study of the Attitude Control System (ACS) of the Orbital Space Interferometer (OSI) proposed by Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) of Pasadena, both for NASA's Astrometric Interferometry Mission (AIM) and for phase one of NASA's Towards Other Planetary Systems (TOPS) program.


Nutritional status is considered a significant factor determining the post-operative outcomes after RC. The aim of this literature review is to describe the impact of early oral nutrition on functional outcomes in patients underwent cystectomy. Usually, these patients are not fed orally until the return of gastrointestinal function, because early oral nutrition is often perceived as detrimental for the anastomosis integrity and is believed to cause nausea and vomiting. This phase of nutritional deprivation may vary from a few days to a few weeks, depending on the return of bowel movements. In clinical practice, patients are fed on a substitutive nutritional support based on the use of total parenteral nutrition or enteral nutrition, which have not demonstrated positive effects on bowel function recovery time, infection complication rates or length of hospital stay. The early introduction of oral feeding seems to allow early mobilization and to lead to an improvement of post-operative outcomes: bowel functions, pain, complications, patient's comfort and length of hospital stay. The early implementation of oral diet after cystectomy is associated with an improvement of considered outcomes, allowing an early recovery of patient's general conditions and reducing length of hospital stay.


Recent alluvial sediments in riverbeds play a significant role in controlling hydrologic exchange flows (HEFs) in river systems. The alluvial layer is usually associated with strong heterogeneity in physical properties (e.g., permeability and hydraulic conductivity), which affects local HEFs and therefore biogeochemical processes. The spatial distribution of these physical properties needs to be determined to inform the numerical models used to reveal the realistic hydro-biogeochemical behaviors. Such information can be obtained based on the intrinsic link between sediment grain-size distribution and hydraulic properties where sediment texture information is available. However, grain-size measurements are usually spatially sparse and do not have adequate coverage and resolution, particularly for a relatively large domain such as the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River. In this paper, we adopted machine learning (ML) approaches for categorizing and mapping the spatial distributions of riverbed substrate grain size and filling in missing areas of substrate data using the ML models along the reach. Such ML models for substrate size mapping were trained at 13,372 locations using measured substrate sizes along with observed and simulated attributes, including bathymetric attributes (e.g., elevation, slope, and aspect ratio) from LIDAR and bathymetric surveys, and hydrodynamic properties (e.g., water depth, velocity, shear stress, and their statistical moments). An ensemble bagging-based ML technique, Random Forest, was adopted to identify the most influential factors as predictors to develop the predictive models with over-fitting issues addressed. The models were evaluated with respect to each individual substrate size class and the lumped group, and then used to generate the final substrate size maps covering all the grid cells in the numerical modeling domain.


The paper studies the existence and nonexistence of global solutions to the Cauchy problem for a nonlinear beam equation arising in the model in variational form for the neo–Hookean elastomer rod \documentclass{article}\footskip=0pc\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$u_{tt}+k_{1}u_{xxxx}+k_{2}u_{xxxxt}=g(u_{xx})_{xx}$\end{document} where k1, k2>0 are real numbers, g(s) is a given nonlinear function. When g(s)=sn (where n⩾2 is an integer), by using the Fourier transform method we prove that for any T>0, the Cauchy problem admits a unique global smooth solution u∈C∞((0, T]; H∞(R))∩C([0, T]; H3(R))∩C1([0, T]; H−1(R)) as long as initial data u0∈W4, 1(R)∩H3(R), u1∈L1(R)∩H−1(R). Moreover, when (u0, u1)∈H2(R) × L2(R), g∈C2(R) satisfy certain conditions, the Cauchy problem has no global solution in space C([0, T]; H2(R))∩C1([0, T]; L2(R))∩H1(0, T; H2(R)). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Multi-Processor System-on-Chips (MPSoCs) as evolution of traditional embedded system architectures demand for a detailed exploration on architectures and system design. Simulation time and complexity are major issues, as such systems get more and more complex. This paper presents a novel simulation framework aiming the simulation of multiple MPSoC systems on different abstraction levels while using several simulation platforms concurrently in order to address aforementioned challenges. We introduce the concept of MultiX-Simulation which enables a tradeoff between performance and accuracy and allows for the flexible adaptation to various use cases. The backbone of the framework is formed by the High Level Architecture, a simulation middleware for Parallel Discrete Event Simulation. Also within this contribution different performance aspects of the framework are evaluated by using various multi-granular MPSoC system models.


The incidence of CLL in Africa is not known for several reasons, among them the difficulty to access the diagnosis since there is only clinical features and cytology which are available in several countries in francophone Africa, especially in Senegal. The WHO criteria which have been published since 2001 from the first revised WHO classification of tumours of haematopoitic and lymphoid tissues cannot be applied since there is no facility for immunophenotyping and cytogenetic. Moreover, no research in place can be set up without any precise diagnosis. In this study, we have developed the flow cytometry technique in the laboratory of Immunology in CHU Le Dantec in Dakar to obtain the immunophenotype looking at the expression of Kappa/lambda light chains, CD19, CD22, CD20, FMC7, CD5, CD10, CD23, CD38. Peripheral blood smears were fixed according to the technique for FISH to detect the following cytogenetic abnormalities: trisomy12, deletion 13q14, deletion 11q22-23, deletion 17p. RNA to test by qRT-PCR the expression of microRNA mir15a, mir16-1, mir181a, mir181b, and mir 34a and 34b was obtained from peripheral blood lymphocytes. Twelve cases of CCL aged ranging from 50 to 80 year old were characterized at clinical level according to the Binet's system: 1 stage A, 5 stage B, 6 stages C. In most of cases (9 cases) hyperlymphocytosis of small lymphocytes with clumped chromatin and scanty cytoplasm was very high (122.000 to 336 000/mm3). The "Matutes" score obtained by immunophenotyping was 5 or 4 for 11 patients in favor of typical CLL. The expression of CD38 which is a marker of unfavorable prognosis is positive in 9 patients. Nine patients had cytogenetic abnormalities: 3 trisomy 12, 6 del 13q14, 2 del 11q22-23, 1 del17p. Four patients had two simultaneous cytogenetic abnormalities (tri 12, tri 13 ; del13q14, del11q22-23 ; del13q24, del17p ; del13q24, tri12). The analysis of mi-RNA showed high expression of mir15a and mir 16-1 and low value of mir181a and mir 181b which were described in aggressive CLL ; however the expression of mir 34a and mir34b was also high. This study shows the aggressiveness of CLL in Senegal, probably due to the delay of the diagnosis. We have also demonstrated the possibility to set up immunophenotype and the possibility of a precise diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorder in place, in western Africa and the series will be extended. Moreover we have also demonstrated the possibility to construct translational research project from samples characterized in the University Hospital in Dakar gathering the cases from different sanitary structures in the country. Such experiment would be a model for epidemiologic, clinico-biologic and translational research studies in order to set up in the country the capacity building for diagnosis and research. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


New exact solutions for unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows of an Oldroyd-B fluid have been derived. The Oldroyd-B fluid saturates the porous space. Two different flow cases have been considered. The analytical expressions for velocity and shear stress fields have been obtained by using Laplace transform technique. The corresponding solutions for hydrodynamic Oldroyd-B fluid in a nonporous space appeared as the limiting cases of the obtained solutions. Similar solutions for MHD Newtonian fluid passing through a porous space are also recovered. Graphs are sketched for the pertinent parameters. It is found that the MHD and porosity parameters have strong influence on velocity and shear stress fields.


This dissertation is building towards a flexible and scalable middleware for sentient spaces wherein sensors are used to observe the state of a physical environment in real time to create awareness which, in turn, is used to build applications that bring new functionalities and/or new efficiencies to the environment. Examples of such sentient spaces could be as varied as smart buildings that use video sensors for surveillance or for building pervasive applications such as person locator to dynamically instrumented crisis sites wherein sensors carried by first responders and/or brought to crisis sites are used to monitor the crisis site and the progress of response activities. The key goal of this work is towards developing a robust and scalable middleware technology that can handle challenges related to heterogeneity of sensors, limited resources (e.g., network bandwidth), and the need for rapid deployment (e.g., self-calibration of sensing), and programmability (e.g., hiding complexity of sensor and sensor programming from the application writers).


In the absence of a coord i n ating age n t , the Al(III) aqueous ch e m i s t ry is rather simple [1] as rep o rted in fi g u re 1A. A l u m i num salts in water produce acid solutions and they are rap i d ly hy d ro ly zed and eve n t u a l ly the situation is that pict u red in fi g u re 1A. When the pH value is less than 5, Al(III) is present as a hexaquo component [Al[H2O )6 +] usua l ly rep resented as A l3 +. Other metal species as A l ( O H )2 +, A l ( O H )2 and the insoluble A l ( O H )3 a re also present in solution. When the pH is moved to phy s i o l ogical va l u e s , A l3 +


will be greater in the tight-fitting one. In both cases the radius of the part of the body should have little effect. This indicates that the induced internal air speed should depend on e.g. garment design and type of activity. The cylinder measurements showed that the relation between the internal air velocity and the convection coefficient at the cylinder surface was similar for different air gap widths and VdVo ratios when the fabric was stretched. The internal air speed was the most important factor for the h, value where h, = 21,4 This suggests that the air flow characteristics in a wide channel, >I cm., with roughly constant gap width can be compared with forced laminar flow at an external, flat surface. This condition is probably valid in e.g. skirts during walking. When the fabric covering the cylinder was loose and the air layer width changed at the pace of the pump stroke, the convection coefficient was governed by the internal air velocity, initial gap width and compression. One common pattern was that the lowest h, value was obtained for the lowest compression when vi was kept constant. Another was that a smaller initial gap width resulted in a greater h, value. Both factors affected the distance between the fabric and cylinder surface. This condition probably occurs in ordinary single- and multilayer ensembles. The results indicated that the convection was similar to developing laminar air flow, Le. an air flow where the temperature and velocity profdes have not yet become developed. The experimental data correlated best with h, = 4,1 [vi / (Idk) where 1 (entry Iength) is a distance related to the development of the profiles and dk is the average gap width during the compression and expansion cycle. For the clothed subject the equation correlating the whole-body h, and vi values when wearing the loose-fitting ensemble was h, = The corresponding equation for the tight-fitting ensemble was h, = 17,0-~;7~~ . The internal air speeds at the various parts of the body were similar in the tight- and loose-fitting ensembles. According to the simulation model this indicates that the relative compression was comparable in the two ensembles. But the corresponding convection coefficients differed considerably, except at the trunk where the compression is fairly small during low and medium walking speeds. So the air gap distance and compression


In recent years, nanoparticles have received considerable attention as a potential additive to heat transfer fluids (i.e. refrigerant) in order to increase the heat transfer capabilities of these fluids. The potential of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to exit the compressor, migrate throughout a vapor compression air conditioning system, and possibly foul the components of such a system was experimentally investigated in this research. Six grams of CNTs were dispersed in the polyol ester oil used by a 2.5 ton (8.79 kW) unitary air conditioning system, which was continuously operated for 168 hours. After this time, the unit was shut down and dismantled in order to determine if and where the CNTs had migrated, and to discover any possible fouling. Of the six grams (92.6 grains) initially placed into the compressor, only approximately 2.5 grams (38.6 grains) were recovered from inside the compressor, leaving approximately 3.5 grams (54 grains) distributed throughout the system. A portion of the CNTs found in the system were in the process of flowing with the refrigerant, but the majority had become strongly adhered to the interior walls. The location of the heaviest fouling was found in the first 2-3 feet (0.61-0.91m) of each aluminum condenser circuit. The results indicate that the most conducive environment for CNTs to foul the interior tube walls is when the refrigerant is a superheated vapor. When the refrigerant was at or very close to 0% vapor quality, almost no fouling was observed. This work showed conclusively that CNTs will exit a scroll compressor and have high fouling potential when utilized in a standard vapor compression air conditioning system. This thesis is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. Thesis Director: __________________________________ Dr. Darin Nutter


The invention discloses a new use of gentamicin sulfate and specifically relates to the new use as a medicament for treating herpes zoster and genital herpes. An existing gentamicin sulfate injection or a tablet is adopted and matched with an existing analgesic medicament for simultaneous administration, and further used according to an instruction. By using the gentamicin sulfate for treating the herpes zoster and the genital herpes, the advantages of rapid onset of action, short treatment course and low cost can be realized.


Single crystals of the multiferroic (1 − x )BiFeO_3– x PbTiO_3 (BF–PT) solid solution with a nominal morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) composition were grown from flux. Structural characterization by x-ray diffraction shows the simultaneous existence of a tetragonal, an orthorhombic, and a rhombohedral perovskite phase in the crystals. A high ferroelectric Curie point of 660 °C was found in the BF–PT crystals by dielectric measurements. The variation of the magnetic moment as a function of temperature of the BF–PT crystals measured under zero field cooling mode reveals three anomalies with the highest one around 440 K, corresponding to the antiferromagnetic ordering temperatures of the rhombohedral, orthorhombic, and tetragonal phases, respectively. These results demonstrate the intrinsic relations between the MPB phase components and the macroscopic ferroic properties.


With this paper is to analyze the reason why there are children with stuttering, how can you understand stuttering and, ultimately, what is the disfemia. For this purpose the most recent data from molecular genetics, cognitive science and evolutionary psychology are analyzed. Based on the family doctor can diagnose, and possibly provide medical treatment, counseling and information to parents about the characteristics of this disease.
This paper addresses the issue of stuttering has been prepared taking into account my concern as a primary care physician and suffering this


In Indonesia the objective of the higher education as regulated in the Law Number 12 of 2012 is to fulfill three different duties: teaching, research and community service. In relation to the third duties, poverty as the most popular problem in the daily life could be coped with the availability of higher education. For this, some of the campuses in Indonesia have been managing Islamic philanthropy as a reflection towards community services duties. The paper in turn aims to discuss the practice of Islamic philanthropy management in the campus life. Data was collected by searching the campus managing Islamic philanthropy. The purposive sampling was used as the sample in the study and the qualitative data was used for the data analysis. The study revealed that the initiative of management Islamic philanthropy in campus life of some universities in Indonesia has two different backgrounds; those are the establishment of Islamic Philanthropy organization from top (leader), and others from bottom (academician or student organization). Managing Islamic philanthropy in campus life is facing some challenges and obstacles that are different from those occurred in an organization under National Amil Zakat Agency in Indonesia.


The present paper deals with the conversion of grape pomace into resveratrol using supernatant of bacterial culture which showed the capacity to synthesize extracellular pectinase. Six microbial strains, noted G, H, T, Mr, My and Mw, were tested in this study and four of them were identified based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences as Pseudomonas endophytica (two strains), Arthrobacter luteolus, and Sphingobacterium sp. After the treatment of grape pomace with bacterial culture, as a general rule, higher amounts of resveratrol, varying from 0.9 to 6.1 mg/L, have been obtained from the supernatant. The highest amount (6.1 mg/L) was recorded for the bacterial strain noted My and identified as Arthrobacter luteolus. From the sediment samples, the highest amounts were obtained after two hours of treatment. The highest amount, namely 2.5 mg/L, was observed from the sediment of the G noted strain, identified as Pseudomonas endophytica. The accession numbers in DDBJ for the investigated strains are as follow: LC476728, LC476729, LC476730 and LC477070.


In this paper, a Semantic Agent-Community-based Peer-to-Peer information retrieval method called SACP2P method is proposed for reliable community Web information sharing. The evaluation experiment is performed and the result has shown that SACP2P method can aggregate information from different sources published through different methods (including Web content and Web services) and be effectiveness on reducing communication loads in a P2P network.


The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of work-family conflict and family-work conflict on depression behavior mediated by job satisfaction and life satisfaction. The respondents in this research were 133 female nurses in two public hospitals in Indonesia. Methods of data collection were by using observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The sampling technique used the technique of proportional random sampling. Methods of data analysis were by using factor analysis, regression analysis and path analysis. Data analysis were by using SPSS software version 21. The results show that all hypothesis in the research were supported. Work-family conflict has an effect on depression behavior either directly or mediated by job satisfaction and life satisfaction. Similarly, the work-family conflict has an impact on the behavior of depression either direct or mediated by job satisfaction and life satisfaction. Our findings bear out the notion that job satisfaction and life satisfaction mediates the influence of dual role conflict on depression, highlighting the effect of individual satisfaction within this area. The suggestions for nurses, they should improve job satisfaction and life satisfaction so that it can overcome the dual role conflict they suffered.


The chemical analysis of rocks and sediments is performed for a variety of environmental and petrological purposes. For example, chemical data are used in the identification of various rock types; also, sediments contain significantly higher concentrations of many metals than are found in the underlying water; as such, they must be analyzed for pollutant contributions to the environment. The importance of these types of data is well established.


This article surveys the level of awareness among hospital consultants and general practitioners with regard to the functions of a district occupational therapy service. The results of a questionnaire study undertaken during 1990/91 show that a greater level of awareness needs to be developed, for which some suggestions are made.


Objectives To assess the efficacy and safety of Xiaoyao Powder (Carefree Powder) in the treatment of depression using the method of systematic review of evidence-based medicine.Method Data published before December 2009 were searched from MEDLINE,Cochrane library,CNKI,VIP,CBM.We included randomize-controlled trials (RCT) testing Xiaoyao Powder against placebo or antidepressants,and Xiaoyao Powder combined with antidepressants against antidepressants alone.Two researchers collected data independently.The assessment of methodological quality was based on Cochrane handbook and the materials were analyzed with software RevMan 5.017.The outcome measure index was relative risk or difference of mean value (95% confidence interval).Results Thirty-two RCTs involving 2 253 patients were included.Involved trials published in Chinese were of low quality.In the trials of comparison between Xiaoyao Powder and placebo,only decrease of self-rating depression scale (SDS) score was not significantly different.For general clinical improvement and decrease of Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAMD) and SDS scores,Xiaoyao Powder combined with antidepressants was more effective than antidepressants alone,but the effect of Xiaoyao Powder was equal to antidepressants.No adverse effect was reported in the trials regarding Xiaoyao Powder.Conclusions Xiaoyao Powder appears to be effective for depression.However,the exact effect needs to be confirmed in well-designed large-sampled clinical trials.


Syphilis is a complex disease with potentially serious outcomes for pregnant women and their infants. The prevalence of syphilis in pregnant women and in children is difficult to evaluate: diagnostic tests have limitations; diagnosis can be complex, particularly in infants; and outcomes of infection in pregnancy are not always easily attributable to syphilis. As a consequence, the monitoring of programmes to prevent maternal and congenital syphilis is often poor or does not occur, and evaluations of programmes often require special studies to be undertaken because information is not readily available. Published information on prevalence lacks homogeneity, continuity and representative coverage, and it cannot be relied upon as a sole source for monitoring or evaluation purposes. Congenital syphilis remains a global public health problem. There is a need for improved surveillance of syphilis and its adverse outcomes. There may be synergies that could be identified for the mutual benefit of both antenatal screening programmes and strategies to prevent mother-to-child transmission. Despite the long-standing existence of policies for the universal screening and treatment of women in pregnancy there remain challenges with both the diagnosis (1) of the disease and implementation of the programmes (2). Furthermore, if untreated or inadequately treated women progress to delivery, the non-specific nature of the symptoms of congenital syphilis and the poor diagnostic tools available make diagnosis difficult (1). Problems with data The lack of suitable diagnostic tests has resulted in limited comparability of data and has also limited the interpretation of data. To add to this, data on the prevalence of syphilis in pregnancy have been biased towards urban populations who may have better access to health care. In addition, the data lack geographical coverage, are often published long after collection, and estimates are highly variable. In many cases, local data have been generalized to represent national prevalence figures. Information on trends is often not available at all. This means that the quality of information obtained from the monitoring and evaluation of antenatal screening programmes for syphilis is poor. Basic information on the proportion of women tested, found positive and treated is not readily available, and often case studies have had to be conducted to evaluate programmes (2). The lack of convincing evidence of antenatal syphilis as a public health problem may be one of the reasons that Saloojee et al. state that "congenital syphilis still lacks the high priority status it deserves" (1). This disease, which can be treated with inexpensive drugs, continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality (1). Lessons learnt from HIV programmes In contrast, the high level of politicization and priority given to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has led to the rapid roll-out of vertical programmes to prevent mother-to-child transmission; these programmes are much more complex to implement than are syphilis screening and treatment programmes. What lessons can be learnt from the advent of HIV and the implementation of programmes to prevent mother-to-child transmission? Programmes to prevent the transmission of HIV from mother to child have been implemented rapidly, and they have brought significant resources into antenatal care. These programmes already have effective diagnostic tests for adults and infants (including rapid tests that can be used in primary care), counselling materials aimed at preventing HIV infection, guidelines and protocols for the care of mothers and infants, and routine surveillance has been implemented in many parts of the world. The parallels between these two sexually transmitted infections--HIV and syphilis--are striking. Both syphilis and HIV are important public health problems that share many adverse pregnancy outcomes (3-10). There is a need to use resources effectively to reduce maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. …


This paper introduces five office projects than have been designed, extracts some key data and interprets the design manual and specification, so as to provide some data reference for the matters than should be paid attention to in each design stage of office building electrical design and related practices.


Since there is a high chance for a pedestrian of being hit by a car by inattentively jumping out into the street, it is important to recognize the existence of pedestrians who are not paying attention to their surrounding environment. This paper aims to estimate how much attention a pedestrian is paying to his/her surrounding environment. Especially, texting while walking is a representative care of inattention, it is ever considered as a social problem. Thus, we tackle to recognize if a pedestrian is using a smart phone or not, namely, texting while walking. Focusing on the fact that the postures of pedestrians who are using a smart phone are almost similar, we employ a HOG feature based SVM classifier. We show the classification results on a pedestrian dataset including pedestrians who were texting while walking. We also show the results of pedestrian's inattention estimation using the proposed method recognizing texting while walking.


Plasma source ion implantation was a new technology of plasma material surface modification in low temperature environment.PIC-MCC method was used to simulate the process of argon ion plasma source ion extraction. The charge exchange collision and the elastic scattering between the ion and the neutral particle were considered.The results of incident angle distribution and energy distribution when the argon ions arrived the target surface under different voltage and different pressure were gotten.And the influence of the collision to the incident angle distribution and energy distribution was discussed.


A response is given to Nespolo's comment [IUCrJ (2018), 5, https://doi.org/10.1107/S2052252518006267] about the usage of the the term 'crystal lattice' in Dimova & Devedjiev [IUCrJ (2018), 5, 130–140].


Among Indigenous People in Canada and around the world, the health impacts of COVID-19 have been measured largely through biological, social, and psychological impacts. Our study draws from a relational concept of health to examines two objectives: 1) how social distancing protocols have shaped Indigenous connections with self, family, wider community, and nature; and 2) to exploring what these changing relationships mean for perceptions of health. Carried out by an Indigenous team of scholars, community activists and students, this research draws from a decolonizing methodology and qualitative interviews (n=16) with Indigenous health and social care providers in urban and reserve settings. Our results illustrate a considerable decline in interpersonal connections, such as with family, community organizations, and larger social networks, as a result of social distancing. Among those already vulnerable, underlying health, social, and economic inequities have been exacerbated. While the health impacts of COVID-19 have been overwhelmingly negative, participants noted the importance of this time for self-reflection and reconnection of human-kind and with mother earth. This paper offers an alternative perspective to popularized views of Indigenous experiences of COVID-19 as they relate to vulnerability and resilience.


The article analyzes the development of the insurance market of the country, the state of insurance services in the insurance market and the process of insurance of the agricultural sector based on statistical sources and provides conclusions. Also, proposals and recommendations have been developed to further increase the relevance and importance of insurance in the agricultural sector in the insurance market.


This paper presents the design and performance analysis of an arbiter with a hybrid arbitration algorithm. The hybrid arbitration algorithm contains static fixed priority algorithm in conjunction with dynamic algorithm to gain better system performance is described. The performance analysis for the various combinations of the arbitration algorithms under different traffic loads is simulated. The results indicate a better performance can be achieved as compared with the traditional arbitration assignment scheme. Based on the performance analysis, the hybrid arbitration can be custom-tuned to meet the design requirements. The implementation of the arbiter with hybrid arbitration scheme for system on chip applications is also explained. The reconfigurable arbiter was implemented by FPGA and synthesized by Synopsys Design Complier with a TSMC 0.18 m μ cell library. In addition, the power analysis of the reconfigurable arbiter at various arbitration states is reported. The reconfigurable arbiter can be custom-tuned to obtain high bandwidth utilization, low latency, and power effective for on-chip bus communication.


Critics have analyzed at length the philosophy of ironic determinism held by Thomas Hardy, and they have been almost equally voluble in treating the irony that lies like a spinal column in the body of Joseph Conrad's writing. But although the critics have successfully summed up the philosophies of these writers, they have abstained from any satisfactory discussion of the methods of irony which Hardy and Conrad use to illustrate their concepts of irony. The two novelists use differing methods to bring out somewhat differing ideas on life, and I propose here to contrast their methods so as to bring out the distinctive qualities in the method of each.


We have examined a dynamical spin injection in a CoFeB/Pt/CoFeB trilayered structure. Although the contribution of the spin pumping was eliminated by the symmetric spin injection from the upper and lower CoFeB layers, a clear voltage change due to the inverse spin Hall effect has been observed. We find that the observed signal can be quantitatively explained by considering the thermal spin injection due to the heating effect during ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). This innovative demonstration indicates the significant contribution of FMR heating in the dynamical spin injection.


Conservation of Argali sheep (Ovis ammon) presents a significant challenge to biologists and conservation managers in Mongolia. Argali are endangered and available data suggest that their numbers are declining. However, the mechanisms causing this decline are poorly understood. Recent research suggests that declines in Argali sheep numbers may be due in part to competition with domestic livestock for forage. Following privatization of herd ownership in 1991, livestock numbers increased dramatically across Mongolia. With this increase, many herders expanded grazing onto more marginal rangeland resulting in increased competition with wild ungulates and displacement of Argali from their former population strongholds. Although protected areas encompass a considerable number of these strongholds, livestock grazing is permitted within all protected areas and overgrazing is an increasing concern. In this study, we examined winter pasture conditions and forage use of Argali in the Gobi Gurvan Saykhan National Park. Visual documentation of plant species selected by Argali was conducted in the field using a spotting scope. Following each observation, we visited the forage site in order to identify all above ground plant species, determine canopy cover, and assess winter conditions using Shennikov's method (1964). We examined a total of 22 Argali forage sites in November 1999. Within the sampled areas, total vegetation canopy cover averaged 50–60%. Agropyron cristatum, Stipa spp., Artemisia frigida, and Arenaria capillaris were the most dominant plant species. Argali were observed to select the following plant species as winter forage: Stipa spp., Festuca lenensis, Agropyron cristatum, Koeleria macrantha, Poa attenuata, Carex duriuscula, Carex korshinskyi, Allium eduardii, Kochia prostrata, Amygdalus pedunculata, Caragana pygmaea, Stellaria dichotoma, Bupleurum bicaule, Caryopteris mongolica, Ajania fruticulosa, Artemisia santolinifolia, and Artemisia frigida. The results obtained by this study will serve as a baseline for the development of more comprehensive studies on Argali habitat use and availability. Further studies will support the development of management objectives for the conservation of the species and its habitat.


With the recent rapid increase in close packaging density, and higher power for electronic equipment, the cooling design involved in casings which enclose them has become more important. For the electronic equipment cooling design, data on flow path resistance in the casing are needed. The most significant factors in the flow resistance are considered to be vent perforations. However, all the resistance data for perforated plates were obtained for forced convective flows (higher Reynolds numbers), as reported by Collar (1939), Macphail (1939), and Taylor (1949). Smith and Van Winkle (1957) studied discharge coefficients through perforated plates at a wide Reynolds number range of 2,000 to 20,000, and Kolodzie and Van Winkle (1958) also made a study at a 400 to 3,000 Reynolds number range. Their work was limited to a lower porosity coefficient range of 0.023 to 0.158. However, resistance data in air free convection paths have not been reported. Therefore, the measuring system for determining the resistance values for perforated plates in an air free convection path was designed. This note describes the measuring system and resistance values for perforated plates obtained by using the system.


We show that the Anderson-Rubin (AR) statistic is the sum of two independent piv-otal statistics. One statistic is a score statistic that tests location and the other statistictests misspecification. The chi-squared distribution of the location statistic has a degreesof freedom parameter that is equal to the number of parameters of interest while thedegrees of freedom parameter of the misspecification statistic equals the degree of over-identification. We show that statistics with good power properties, like the likelihoodratio statistic, are a weighted average of these two statistics. The location statistic isalso a Bartlett-corrected likelihood ratio statistic. We obtain the limit expressions ofthe location and misspecification statistics, when the parameter of interest converges toinfinity, to obtain a set of statistics that indicate whether the parameter of interest isidentified in a specific direction. We show that all exact distribution results straight-forwardly extend to limiting distributions, that do not depend on nuisance parameters,under mild conditions. For expository purposes, we briefly mention a few statisticalmodels for which our results are of interest, i.e. the instrument al variables regressionand the observed factor model.


A group of five indigenous men, sitting of the ground. Behind them is a shrub.
Jeremy Long's Aboriginal welfare journey into the Gibson desert.
Pintupi country.


We investigate notions of complete representation by partial functions, where the operations in the signature include antidomain restriction and may include composition, intersection, update, preferential union, domain, antidomain, and set difference. When the signature includes both antidomain restriction and intersection, the join-complete and the meet-complete representations coincide. Otherwise, for the signatures we consider, meet-complete is strictly stronger than join-complete. A necessary condition to be meet-completely representable is that the atoms are separating. For the signatures we consider, this condition is sufficient if and only if composition is not in the signature. For each of the signatures we consider, the class of (meet-)completely representable algebras is not axiomatisable by any existential-universal-existential first-order theory. For 14 expressively distinct signatures, we show, by giving an explicit representation, that the (meet-)completely representable algebras form a basic elementary class, axiomatisable by a universal-existential-universal first-order sentence. The signatures we axiomatise are those containing antidomain restriction and any of intersection, update, and preferential union and also those containing antidomain restriction, composition, and intersection and any of update, preferential union, domain, and antidomain.


Sn(IV)-porphyrin complex with trans-dihydroxo axial-ligands and 2-pyridyl peripheral substituents, namely (trans-dihydroxo)[5,10,15,20-tetrakis(2-pyridyl)porphyrinato]tin(IV) was synthesized and fully characterized by various techniques such as elemental analysis, 1H NMR spectroscopy, ESI-MS spectrometry, UV-visible spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy.


In a recent Letter on a determination of the age of the elements, Reynolds[1] reported the important discovery of isotopically anomalous xenon in the stony meteorite Richarton. The isotopes which appear to occur in significant excess over atmospheric xenon are Xe128, Xe129, Xe130, and Xe131, with the Xe129 dominant by an order of magnitude. At present it does not appear possible to explain all of these data by any single mechanism. Because of the existence of these four anomalies, it is difficult to conclude that the Xe129 excess is simply the product of I129 decay.


The warming device has a housing (6,7) defining a reception space (2) for a bag (3) holding an infusion or transfusion fluid with at least one heating plate (4,5), divided into a number of heating zones (a,b,c). A temperature monitoring and regulating device controls the heat output of the individual heating zones, with disconnection of the heating current for at least one of the heating zones (c) when a small fluid bag, which only covers the remaining heating zones (a,b), is used.