The Quasi-orthogonal space-time block code ensure that data transfer at full speed. However, it will reduce the error performance. Based on it, this paper proposed a new quasi-orthogonal space-time block code using full rate of the four transmit antenna. And it proposed the decoding method based on maximum likelihood algorithm. A number of simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has better error performance than the typical Jafarkhani quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.


This paper investigates an interference alignment (IA) scheme suitable for a K-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless X network. The K-user MIMO X-network is a communication architecture where each transmitter, equipped with multiple antennas, has independent messages for each of the receivers, also equipped with multiple antennas. Earlier only 2 × N or M × 2 X networks were considered to be achievable. In this paper we remove this restriction by employing time division multiple access scheme. The proposed IA scheme allows each user to achieve a degree of freedom of KA/2K-1 a particular time slot, where A is the number of antennas at each transmitter and receiver. The capacity and bit error-rate (BER) performance of the proposed scheme is compared to that of another scheme recently proposed by Park and Ko. Simulation results are reported to show the BER performance for K-user (for a toy example, K is set equal to 3) and two-user X channel IA in case of transmission over flat-fading Rayleigh channels.


For the operators, now it is much more difficult to acquire a site than before. The operators in China have a large-scale GSM network, how to use them to share the equipment room, site, and transmission resource, need atten- tion. Based on the characteristics of GSM/WCDMA, it takes the dense urban area as example to analyze GSM and WCD- MA network coverage in two ways, discusses the feasibility on GSM and WCDMA co -site of China Unicom Hainan Branch.


Objective To investigate the influence of FK409 on the myocardium after ischemia and reperfusion of SD rats.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into four groups,the blank control group,FK409 low-dose group,middle dose group and high dose group,which were all prepared ischemia and reperfusion model.After modeling 5min,blank control group was infused of normal saline until the end of the experiment then,the low dose group,the middle dose group and high dose groups respectively were given the FK409 0.1nmol/kg,0.5nmol/kg and 1.0nmol/ kg.With many physiological recorder continuously monitoring rat ECG machine hemodynamic parameters(HR,LVDP,±dP /dt max),and collected blood for the detection of CK and LDH,SOD NO,H2O2,and MAD indicators in rats.The data are recorded and to adopt SPSS13.0 were statistically analyzed.Result The cardiac function indicators of SD rats have improved.The middle group has the most obvious comparison with other groups,the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05).Experimental indicators of CK and LDH and SOD in NO,H2O2,MAD can also be improved,in addition to elevated NO compared with the control group,the remaining indicators have decreased to some extent.Among them,the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05) in the middle dose group and other groups.Conclusion A certain dose of FK409 can improve the content of NO in the SD rat myocardial ischemia and reperfusion thereby reducing ischemia and reperfusion in serum CK and LDH,the activities of SOD,of H2O2,MDA,and other indicators,to improve the SD rat myocardial cells after ischemia-reperfusion damage.


Abstract
This paper describes a multimembership Bayesian index of severity calculated by MEDAS (the Medical Emergency Decision Assistance System). This severity index measures the likelihood that the patient will die without immediate intervention. The MEDAS inference engine operates on binary features representing signs, symptoms, and laboratory results. As a basis for calculation of the severity index, severity weights, ranging from 0 to 9 were assigned to each feature by an expert physician in order to form a severity pattern.

To evaluate the MEDAS severity index, two physician experts in critical care medicine independently provided severity assessments for a series of patients hospitalized for congestive heart failure (N=19) or diabetes mellitus (N=22). These disorders were selected because they are common in the patient load at our VA hospital and lead to a wide range of outcomes. Agreement between the MEDAS severity index and the expert assessments was at or was close to the theoretical maximum.


The carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of coexisting calcite and dolomite were measured for carbonatite dykes outside Bayan Obo REE- Fe- Nb deposit in Nei Mongol (Inner Mongolia). The results show that theδ 13C values of the calcite and dolomite vary in the same range of- 3.5‰ to- 7.3‰ , being within the normal mantleδ 13C values of- 5‰± 2‰ ; while theirδ 18O values can be classified into two groups, the first varies from 9.5‰ to 18.0‰ , and the second from 20.6‰ to 22.6‰ , both being significantly higher than the normal mantleδ 18O values of 5.7‰± 1.0‰ . Carbon and oxygen fractionations between dolomite and calcite in the group I are negative and thus in thermodynamic disequilibrium, suggesting that they underwent hydrothermal alteration. In contrast, the fractionations are in thermodynamic equilibrium for the group II carbonatites and thus the coexisting calcite and dolomite probably coprecipitated from the same fluid at lower temperatures. The water- rock exchange modeling suggests that the group I carbonatites underwent heterogeneous alteration by post- carbonatite magmatic fluid. The calculated alteration temperatures are about 220 to 800℃ , CO2/H2O ratio in the fluid is about 1/500 and water/rock ratios are about 10 to 400. Since the rate of oxygen isotope exchange between calcite and fluid is faster than that between dolomite and fluid at low temperatures, the hydrothermal alteration results in the disequilibrium fractionations in the group I carbonatites. The carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of dolomite in the group I vary nonlinearly, precluding the possibility that the carbonatite magma would be produced by a simple binary mixing between mantle- derived carbonate magma and sedimentary limestone.


Fractional order differentiators and integrators play an important role in control and automation of physical processes. This is because fractional order Proportional-Intergral-Derivative controllers provide two additional parameters for fine tuning which in turn improves the overall system performance. However direct realization of fractional order differentiators and integrators is not easy, so it is first converted into an integer order function and then realized using active/passive elements. NPC is a recent approximation technique proposed in 2018 to derive rational approximation of fractional order differ-integrators. In this paper NPC based integer order models of fractional order differ-integrators are presented for all fractional powers ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 in steps of 0.1 and also for 0.25 and 0.75. The performance of the proposed models is compared with integer models developed using other existing techniques and also with ideal response. This has been done by calculating maximum magnitude and phase errors. It has been found that NPC based rational models are very much close to the ideal frequency response. To establish the correctness of NPC technique these proposed models are applied to develop integer approximation of a fractional plant model of order 0.73 and having 0.5 second delay. The step response results when compared with integer approximation model developed using other existing techniques show that NPC based model is stable and has least steady state error. These proposed models can directly be used for realization of customized fractional order Proportional-Integral, Proportional-Derivative and PID controllers. The simulations have been performed in MATLAB.


The method of AC injection based on principle of lock-in amplify to test resistance of lithium battery pack was introduced. Its working principle and algorithm of realization were discussed. The software and hardware scheme applied were given in details. According to the test results,the module could satisfy the demand of BMS for accuracy.


Normal-convex embeddings are introduced for inverse semigroups, generalizing the group-theoretic concept, due to Papakyriakopoulos [4]. It is shown that every E-unitary inverse semigroup admits a normal-convex embedding into a semidirect product of a semilattice by a group, a stronger version of a result by O'Carroll [3]. A general embedding result for inverse semigroups is also obtained.


This paper proposes an intelligent control method by applying the heating rate method to measure the instant heat of solar collector, and thus solve a difficult problem in solar energy collecting control. We analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the differential temperature control method and total heat energy control method through heat-collecting control by Diaphragm-type solar collector. We used Single-Chip Microcomputer to realize the intelligent control of solar energy collecting and achieved heat-collecting optimization.


Native transcription factor-based biosensors (TFBs) have the potential for in situ detection of value-added chemicals or byproducts. However, their industrial application is limited by their ligand promiscuity, low sensitivity, and narrow detection range. Alcohols exhibit similar structures, and no reported TFB can distinguish a specific alcohol from its analogs. Here, we engineered an alcohol-regulated transcription factor, BmoR, and obtained various mutants with remarkable properties. For example, the generated signal-molecule-specific BmoRs could distinguish the constitutional isomers n-butanol and isobutanol, with insensitivity up to an ethanol concentration of 800 mM (36.9 g/L). Linear detection of 0–60 mM of a specific higher alcohol could be achieved in the presence of up to 500 mM (23.0 g/L) ethanol as background noise. Notably, two mutants with raised outputs and over 1.0 × 107-fold higher sensitivity, and one mutant with an increased upper detection limit (14.8 g/L n-butanol or isobutanol) were screened out. Using BmoR as an example, this study systematically explored the ultimate detection limit of a TFB towards its small-molecule ligands, paving the way for in situ detection in the biofuel and wine industries.


In 2005, Hurricane Katrina inflicted a devastating blow on New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. This natural disaster decimated neighbourhoods and led to the deaths of >1500 residents, disproportionately impacting black Americans. Exacting an unprecedented toll on life and property, Katrina exposed the deep socioeconomic divide impacting Blacks and laid bare the vulnerability and fragility in lower socioeconomic communities. Change did emanate from Katrina, but the root causes that fuelled the disparate outcomes remained. Those social determinants of health—poverty, housing density, high crime neighbourhoods, less than ideal schools, and poor access to healthy foods—left Louisiana ill equipped to deal with subsequent crises, including the current COVID-19 pandemic. Now, the COVID-19 pandemic is shedding an even brighter light on the recalcitrant healthcare disparities in the USA, where infection rates in predominantly Black counties are three-fold that of predominantly White counties. Mortality rates are disheartening, particularly in the Southern states. In Louisiana, Blacks represent about a third of the population but account for half of the infections and two-thirds of COVID-related deaths. Across the USA, the increased risk of death for Blacks with COVID-19 varies from two-fold to six-fold higher than Whites (Figure 1). Once again, a crisis has exposed deep racial disparities. This exquisitely high burden of disease is halting and requires further explanation. The higher risk of death is not yet fully resolved and must be adjusted for known comorbidities; indeed some of the mortality difference is attributable to well-described cardio-metabolic risk factors in Blacks. Relative to non-Hispanic Whites, Blacks have a higher prevalence of hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, all of which are associated with increased COVID-19 mortality. The Southern states in the USA represent the epicentre for this increased burden of cardiovascular risk, and the COVID-19-related mortality of black Americans has been disproportionately high in these states (Figure 2).


Abstract The present study was conducted to assess the play pattern of children in the preschool setting. The aspects covered included studying the play equipments available to these children, the nature and content of their play activities and the adult supervision available. The sample consisted of 40 play sessions comprising of children in the age group of 2-5 years, studying in 20 preschools across Jammu city. The adults present were also observed for their direct or indirect participation. A combination of random and event sampling was used for sample selection. The tools used included non-participant observations and interviews. The results revealed that the play behaviour of the children did not undergo any alterations in the preschool setting. Opportunities for free play and outdoor activities were available at all the preschools. The play activities underwent alterations due to availability of space and play equipments. The children indulged in pretend, associative and constructive play in a number of play sessions. They also exhibited cooperative, solitary and onlooker play but to slightly lesser extent. Gender and age differences were noted in the play behaviour of the children and were especially evident in homogenous groups. Presence of teachers helped in making the play activities more organized and stimulating.


The present study was conducted to elucidate the effects of tirilazad mesylate (U‐74006F), a potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, on vessel diameter, capillary perfusion, and contractile function of rat cremaster muscle during a 90‐minute reperfusion period that followed 4 hours of warm ischemia. Two groups of 32 animals were treated with either 3 mg/kg U‐74006F or the vehicle (citrate buffer) alone 30 minutes before. ischemia, 90 minutes after ischemia, and immediately before reperfusion. With use of intravital videomicros‐copy, the internal luminal diameters of preselected vessels were measured prior to ischemia and during reperfusion The area that filled with fluorescein was determined at 15‐minute intervals for as long as 90 minutes of reperfusion, and contractile function was examined in vitro in an organ bath at that point. In the U‐74006F group, after 90 minutes of reperfusion the vessel diameters returned completely to baseline and the diameters of all three categories of vessels at every time point from 10 to 90 minutes of reperfusion had significantly more rapid recovery than the controls. Although some evidence of more rapid fluorescence was noted in the U‐74006F group, the two groups did not differ significantly at any time period of reperfusion. In response to tetanic stimulation, the muscles treated with U‐74006F had a significantly greater contractile force at all stimulation frequencies than the control musclss. Our findings indicate that pretreatment with U‐74006F can effectively decrease the rise of vascular resistance and preserve the contractile function of skeletal muscle during early reperfusion, thereby attenuating ischemia‐reperfusion injury.


Digital age and new economy surrounding brings changes whom together with complete redefinition of business strategies and business re-engineering progressive development of information technologies shows a need of closer look at the security and legislative aspects of the e-business. Taking care of managing the security risks, developing the adequate security policy resolving the security procedures also following the security standards and by using the cryptography as an aspect of protection, are the main conditions of making the transition from the traditional way of business to e-business as well as making it to function in a secure way. Concerning the legal aspect of e-business, it is necessary to understand the relation of e-business and e-governance with clear definition of legislative groundings of e-business process in BiH: laws with whom the e-business process is regulated, legislative regulation of creation and registration of certificate, consumer protection on the Internet as well as protection of privacy. Also it is of great importance to study the legislative procedure of e-business in European Union and E-organization functioning as an example of implementation to follow on. Although the implementation of new security standards and techniques has given the certain level of security there is no safe way to protect the approach to the financial and private information that are on the Internet in legislative or security way so parallel with progressive development of information technologies, concessnes of problem of security and protection of individual as well as e-business is also developing. This presents one of the greatest problems of modern communication and business development.


Objective The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the incidence of tuberculosis(TB) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and to determine its clinical features,prognosis and risk factors of its morbidity.Methods The study included 42 TB patients among 915 SLE patients who were followed up between 1995 and 2004 in our hospital.The diagnosis of TB was established by a combination of clinical,radiological,biochemical,microbiological and histological examinations.Organ system involvement,treatment with anti-TB drugs and the results of therapy were noted.Results There were 33 females and 9 males with age ranges of 16-52 years(mean 28 years).Their duration in SLE ranged from 2 months to 6 years(mean 26 months).The presenting clinical features were fever(42),cough(25),bone ache(15),lymph node enlargement(8) and headache(4).The organ systems involved were pulmonary(32),meninges(6),bone and joints(4),peritoneal(2) and lymphadenopathy(6).The proportion of extrapulmonary TB in these patients was 42.9%.Single organ system involvement was noted in 34 patients and multi-systems in 8 patients.One patient were treated empirically with good response.A positive tuberculin test was observed in only 9.5% patients.All patients were treated with high dose glucocorticoid before the diagnosis of TB.41 patients received 3 or 4 anti-TB drugs:isoniazid(INH),rifampicin (Rif),ethambutol(Eth) and/or pyrazinamide(Pyra),only 1 patient were treated with levofloxacin after treatment with(INH+Eth+Rif) for one month,and 39 patients were cured.Conclusions The incidences of TB infection and extrapulmonary TB in SLE patients are increased.Early diagnosis is difficulty and chemotherapy is effective.The usage of predinisone may be an important determinants for the increased risk of TB in these patients with SLE.


Meteorological variables, phenology, plant health and crop management, soil physical and chemical properties, water and energy balances as well as variables related to economics, logistics and monitoring processes, among others, create complexity in the management of irrigation, which make it difficult to be administered conceptual or empirical models. Also, physico-mathematical modelsdescribing isolated phenomena cannot cover the overall complexity of the problem. This can be seen, in practice, by the gradual growth of factors which threaten the sustainability of irrigation enterprise. Currently, the advent of geotechnology application in agriculture and its integration with weather information in Geographic Information System (GIS) environments has make possible a more detailed support for irrigation management and planning. The objective of this study therefore was to organize and develop a geo-relational database with information from 30 pivots located in Cruz Alta, RS, Brazil, to further establish the usefulness of GIS in irrigation management. Data base preparation took place in two stages: (i) acquisition, georeferencing, image vectorization, snipping and calculation of vegetation indices relating to 107 images from Landsat5/TM satellite; and (2) creation of geo-related tables for each pivot containing information obtained from fieldsand weather stations in the region. Besides statistical analysis of NDVI values of pixels (picture elements) from each pivot, informationon crop type, planting date, phenological stages, soil type, evapotranspiration and weather data were also included in the database. Image processing, calculations and statistical analyzes, as well as mapping were done using SPRING software. Thus, a geographical database capable of integrating field information with those obtained by remote sensing was created and mapping of the distribution of key crop variables enabled better visualization of the dynamics of processes in progress, thus enabling comprehensive technical background for decision making with respect to planning and management of production systems in irrigated agriculture.


The purification behaviors of liquid aluminiums containing impurity elements have been investigated by means of segregation process which utilizes segregation phenomena of solute in the solidification of liquid metal. After liquid aluminium was unidirectionally solidified under the conditions of ultrasonic vibration and mechanical stirring, the distribution of impurity concentration was examined against the solidified length. Copper, Magnesium and iron in liquid aluminium were used as impurity elements. The experimental results obtained are summarized as follows:(1) For each aluminium alloy, the distribution of impurity concentration after the solidification was dependent on initial impurity concentration in liquid aluminium. These behaviors could be explained by the variation of the shape in the solid-liquid interface which is presumed by constitutional supercooled theory.(2) When aluminium alloys containing low impurity were solidified with the conditions of ultrasonic vibration and mechanical stirring, the purification of aluminium alloys proceeded in accordance with theoretical solidified curve.(3) The effects of ultrasonic vibration and mechanical stirring on the purification of aluminium alloys having the concentration of high impurity were larger than those of aluminium alloys containing low impurity. These results may suggest that the solid-liquid interface during the solidification is fully mixed with ultrasonic vibration and mechanical stirring and impurity elements escaped from the solid transfers easily to bulk layer in melt.


Fifteen summer soybean varieties with relative higher and lower yields in mid-south of Hebei province were used for researching on root traits by pot experiment.At 41,65 days after seeding,the root morphological and physiological traits were determined during two years and two location respectively.The RIL population derived from Kefeng 1×Nannong 1138-2 was used to mapping the QTLs of root trait related to yield.Results showed that the increment of root-active-morphological traits(IRRAMT),namely,increment of the products of root reductive activities and root fresh weights,root total lengths,root volumes,respectively,were significant different between two yield types.The IRRAMT could be used for the index of yield.There identified were fore,three,three QTLs located on N6-C2,N20M,N18-K,N14G、N3B1 linkage groups for IRRAW,IRRAL,IRRAV respectively.Each of the traits appeared to have one locus with relatively large effect in comparison with their other loci,and those major ones were located at a same linkage group N6-C2.


A method of handling wind turbine subassembly (14, 16) is provided, the method comprising the connecting means (44) connected to the connector of the lifting means (46) at the first connection interface of the connecting means; so the first sub-assembly coupled to the wind turbine at a second connection interface of the connecting means (60) to said connecting means; means moving said first subassembly by means of the wind turbine lifting; so different from the first the second sub-assembly wind turbine wind turbine subassembly is coupled at a third connection interface of the connecting means (76) to said connecting means; and means for moving said lifting means of the second wind turbine subassembly. Also disclosed is a device (26) A sub-assembly for carrying a wind turbine.


High pressure (HP) treatment of a casein micelle suspension at 250 and 300 MPa leads to an initial rapid increase of its light transmission, as measured in situ, indicating micellar disruption. Subsequently, a much slower, partial reversal of the HP-induced increase in light transmission is observed, indicating re-association of micellar fragments. Partial internal cross-linking of the casein micelles by the enzyme transglutaminase prior to pressure treatment slows down both the disruption and the reassociation process considerably. It is proposed that covalent cross-linking provides the micelle with extra stability against pressure-induced disruption and also prevents a molecular reorganization process required to induce reassociation of micellar fragments during prolonged pressure treatment.


Participatory approaches for the design and the introduction of computer systems are drawing increasingly more attention among researchers as well as among practitioners. While participatory design (Schuler and Namioka 1993) might be considered as only "helpful" for the development of single-userapplications it can offer significant benefits for the design of systems in collaborative contexts, since the social and organisational aspects of collaboration call for a socio-technical view towards system development. Furthermore, Participatory Design can induce social capital into system design and reveal the actual standards of dignity and ethics of human work. Especially groupware requires Participatory Design because it relies on the mutual and remote understanding of the collaborative work process as well as the media used. In all projects of the POLIKOM research initiative (1994-1998, http://www.iid.de/telekooperation/), funded by the German Ministry for Education and Research, collaboration in public administration organisations has been supported with groupware applications ranging from video conferencing tools to workflow and document management systems. Using participatory design approaches, during four years the projects collected experiences with the design and the introduction of such systems.


Transcription factors are generally short-lived proteins that undergo active turnover. The dynamic interaction of transcription factors and co-regulators with promoters and enhancers allows cells to continuously adjust gene expression. Whereas the composition and binding of transcription factors at genomic sites is the focus of a widespread research effort, relatively little is known about how these complexes are being removed by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Multiple myeloma (MM), the second most common hematopoietic malignancy, has become a model disease for drugs that interfere with the UPS through either blocking or facilitating protein elimination. The proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib, for instance, is used as first-line treatment in myeloma; yet, the process by which myeloma cells are killed by this drug is ill-defined. Since transcription factors are prime targets of proteasomal degradation, our research is focused on defining how proteolysis regulates transcriptional dynamics in this disease and determining the therapeutic relevance for treatment with proteasome inhibitors. Following proteasome inhibition in multiple myeloma cell lines, we performed chromatin-immunoprecipitation for histone H3 acetylation (K27) and multiple histone deacetylases and used next generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) to identify unique gene clusters that are actively regulated by the proteasome and quantify epigenetic changes in dependence of protein turnover. Our findings reveal that cell cycle genes, particularly subsets of genes involved in centromere formation and sister chromatid segregation during mitosis, are associated with nuclear protein turnover and are transcriptionally repressed by proteasome inhibition. Notably, proteasome inhibition increased the recruitment of specific histone deacetylases (HDACs) to the promoters of genes involved in centromere formation. We are investigating the mechanisms for UPS regulation of HDAC abundance at specific genomic locations. Moreover, data analysis of a panel of multiple myeloma patients shows that the expression levels of HDACs correlate with patient survival, specifically when treated with proteasome inhibitors. We are currently exploring how histone modifications and proteasome activity crosstalk in a therapeutically relevant manner in multiple myeloma. Finally, to determine whether epigenetic regulation of centromere stability might play a role in sensitivity or the development of resistance to proteasome inhibitors, we established and optimized long-term treatment of multiple myeloma cell lines with low doses of proteasome inhibitors. Remarkably, we observed reduced immunofluorescence staining for centromeric protein A (CENP-A) in multiple myeloma cells receiving drugs over an extended period, suggesting a loss of centromere integrity. This research project will contribute to our understanding of epigenetic and transcriptional dynamics in MM. With our focus on the continuously changing abundance of transcription factors and co-regulators at promoters of cell cycle genes, we seek to unlock new pathways for molecular therapy, as well as identify more specific targets for treatment compared to blunt proteasome inhibition. Elucidating the mechanisms of action and resistance to proteasome inhibition will help advance future MM therapy. Disclosures Lulla: ASH Scholar Award: Research Funding; Leukemia Texas Research grant: Research Funding; Junior Faculty sees funding-Baylor College of Medicine: Research Funding; Lymphoma SPORE: Research Funding; ASBMT Young Investigator Award: Research Funding; Leukemia Texas: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Catic: Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas: Research Funding; Ted Nash Long Life Foundation: Research Funding.


A high-speed low-power programmable pulse-swallow divider is designed and fabricated in SMIC 0.18-¿m CMOS process. Two critical paths that limit the operating frequency are analyzed. The proposed prescaler based on a shift-register-ring is insensitive to the Modulus Control (MC) during its first few input cycles, and thus wrong divide ratio caused by the MC¿s delay can be avoided. The proposed pulse generator works as a sample/hold block to widen the time slot of the reading process, and thus failure in reading external control words into the swallow counter can also be avoided. A 3.5-GHz integer phase-locked loop (PLL) that uses the divider employing the proposed prescaler and pulse generator provides 21 channels with a 1.2-ppm precision in measurements. The power dissipation is 0.475-mW from a 1.2-V supply under 1.6-GHz operating frequency.


Method for laser welding of two constructive parts of synthetic material (A, B) placed on contactoen at least the joint region, wherein the structural part (B) remote from the laser radiation consists of a matrix of materialsintetico with a white pigment of at least 0.5% by weight and at most 20% by weight, yen where constructive part (a) facing the laser radiation, through which enters the beam laserdurante the welding presents a matrix of synthetic material with a white pigment, wherein for welding wavelength laser beam in the range of 1200-2200 nm, wherein 1to white pigmentation constructive part (a) oriented is used to the laser radiation, expressed enporcentaje by weight, the product path (1) of the laser beam through the structural member (a) orientadahacia the laser beam in mm, and the white pigment expressed po rcentage weight is less than 1.25, and endonde path (1) of the laser beam through constructive part (A) facing the laser radiation ince at most 1 mm.


Aredistribution of France's national income to increase the share of corporate profits lies at the heart of Balassa's programme for the achievement of faster growth in output and employment. However his belief that a profits « squeeze » is responsible for the depressed state of corporate investment has rather insecure statistical foundations. Of more immediate relevance to the medium term future of the economy is likely to be the government's apparent conviction that solutions to it's own budgetary problems, and to those posed by the balance of payments, are a pre-condition for renewed growth in France.


With the development of offshore wind power, the pressure of its fluctuating output on the safe and stable operation of the power grid and the rapid increase of transmission cost caused by the increase of offshore distance, the energy transmission mode of offshore wind power by hydrogen production and transportation arouses attention. In order to compare the energy transmission costs of offshore wind through four schemes, namely, high voltage AC, flexible DC, PEM hydrogen production + pipeline transportation, alkaline electrolytic hydrogen production + pipeline transportation, and provide a reference for the selection of offshore wind energy transmission schemes in different periods and scenarios, a techno-economic model is established for the above four schemes. The model is used to analyze the influence of three offshore wind farm parameters, namely, installed capacity, offshore distance and capacity factor, and future technological progress of electrolysis equipment and seawater desalination on energy transmission cost. The results show that currently the power transmission scheme is better than the hydrogen production and transportation scheme. In the future, compared with the techno-economic progress of electrolysis, the reduction of power consumption in seawater desalination is more important to improve the economy of hydrogen production and transportation scheme. For example, with zero-power-consumption seawater desalination realized by direct light drive, the unit energy transmission cost of hydrogen production and transportation scheme is lower than power transmission scheme when the offshore distance of a 200 MW wind farm exceeds 200 km.


The main purpose of this study was to investigate the structure of a Serbian translation of Ryff's psychological well-being scales, and to examine its higher order factor structure. The Ryff's psychological well-being scales were constructed to measure six dimensions of psychological well-being: autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. The sample consisted of 1024 subjects, 49.82 % females, with the average age 37 years. Respondents were answering on the six measures of well-being, reporting how much they were agreeing or not with a statement, using a six-point Likert scale (1– strongly disagree, 2 – moderately disagree, 3 – slightly disagree, 4 – slightly agree, 5 – moderately agree, and 6 – strongly agree). Factorial validity of the questionnaire was tested by confirmatory factor analysis. Four models were tested, and all multi-factor models implied the correlations between factors. Except for the single-factor model, all models showed acceptable fit. For the best-fitting model (6 first-order factors), factorial invariance across genders was tested. Models implying configural invariance, full metric invariance, equivalence of construct variances and covariances, and equivalence of residual variances and covariances were tested. The results showed that all models fit well. According to the present results, we may say that the factorial structure of the original questionnaire of psychological well-being in our sample is largely similar to one proposed by Ryff and that the dimensionality of psychological well-being fits with six-factor structure. This study also provided supporting evidence for the cross-cultural replicability of the higher order factor structure of psychological well-being.


What helps you persevere is your resilience and commitment. The coronavirus pandemic has tested the resilience of faculty and students around the world. In March 2020, the pandemic necessitated a sudden pivot to virtual instruction at many educational institutions. Transforming an in-person course to an online platform during the ongoing health crisis was challenging for all (Hensley, Avila-Medina, Gillespie, Lee, Masonheimer, Nagpal, Perry, Varzeas, & You, 2020). My college had two breaks; the first break sent students home in order to flatten the curve, and the second bridged the digital divide when devices were distributed to students. When we resumed the semester, I realized that my students were having a passive learning experience, which I felt compelled to change. My philosophy is to teach with compassion because it fosters an atmosphere in which the students' needs are primary. Student-centered approaches steered my pedagogical practices to address the ongoing changes during COVID-19. I launched a survey via the Blackboard content learning management system course site to 1) garner students' feedback and ascertain technology needs; 2) perform a critical in-semester evaluation of how students engaged in the course; and 3) retool and adopt different methodologies to preserve or improve the cultivated familiarity that students expected from their on-campus classes. Ninety-five percent of students responded to the survey. One adjustment I experienced was teaching to blank screens in Zoom with video cameras off, which was later sanctioned by an institutional policy developed during COVID-19. I certainly understood students keeping their cameras off, because they were being asked to let the professor and other students into their home environment. Also, technical issues arose in some cases due to insufficient bandwidth to support camera use. Unfortunately, the blank screens hampered relationship building during the instruction session. I implemented strategies


Real-time holographic recording has been demonstrated using the optical heterodyne scanning technique proposed by Poon.1,2 In this paper we discuss the recording and reconstruction of holograms generated by the heterodyne scanning technique. The primary concentration is on realtime reconstruction using an electron beam addressed spatial light modulator (EBSLM). For comparison, coherent reconstruction methods are also presented. Additional topics to be addressed are the operation and the spatial frequency limitations of the EBSLM, and the incoherent point-spread function (PSF) of the holographic imaging system. Based upon the derived PSF, the reconstructed real image of a simple slit object is formulated and compared to experimental observations. Our findings indicate that indeed the EBSLM affords the advantage of real-time display of holographic images. However, because of low spatial resolution (~7.4 lp/mm), only holograms of simple objects are suitable for reconstruction using the EBSLM.


Kalasinghia drain flowing through the Sports and Leather complex, Jalandhar carries the treated, partially treated and untreated waste water discharged by various tannery units and related industry. The contaminated water of this drain is often used by the farmers for irrigation to field crops, vegetables and forest and fruit crops. This study aims to determine accumulation of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, and Zn) in the soil and their translocation to the wheat crop grown in the fields irrigated with contaminated water of the drain. A comparison was made using soil and wheat plants of a tube-well irrigated field far away from the polluted field as a control. Data was collected from December 2009 and April 2010. The soil and wheat crop samples were prepared for heavy metal analysis using acid digestion and heavy metal concentrations were determined using ICAP-AES method. All observations were taken from the same field and crop twice, i.e. vegetative phase of the crop (before flowering) and at the time of harvest. Physicochemical parameters of the crop were also studied. The results showed the accumulation of heavy metals in the polluted soil and parts of the wheat plant follows Cr>Pb> Cu >Ni> Cd. It was observed that Ni, Cu and Cr concentrations in the tannery irrigated soil were more than the values permitted Soil Quality Standard. The concentration of heavy metals in the samples of wheat plants was also found to follow soil > root > shoot > grain. No significant difference was observed between heavy metal contents in the wheat plants collected at vegetative stage (pre-flowering) and mature (harvest) stage. However, the concentration of Cr(9.895 ug/g),Cu(28.045 ug/g) and Ni (4.125 ug/g) in the wheat grains was more than the values permitted by Dietry regulatory bodies . Use of tannery effluents for irrigation of food crops is not advisable in any case.


Potentiometric studies on the complex formation equilibria of cis-diaqua-Co 111 complexes of the type, cis-[(N4)Co(Hz0)2] 3 +, where, N4 represents one mole of a tetradentate N-donor ligand, viz. 1,4,7,10-tetraazadecane (trien) or two moles of a bidentate N-donor ligand, viz. 1,3-diaminopropane (tn), 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy), with boric acid (H3H0.1) in ditl'erent molar ratios of f(N~)Co(H20hl.l+ : 1-hHOJ in aqueous solution renal the formation of mononuclear [(N4)Co(HzH04)] and binuclear ((N4)Co(H04)Co(N4)t complexes. Formation constants of the complexes at 25" and at a constant ionic strength of I = 0.5 M (NaC104) and the complex form:1tion equilibria have been elucidated. The binuclear complexes arc found to be predominantly formed m•er the mononuclear ones. Stability constants of the Co 111 -horate complexes could be correlated with the pK 11 values of the cis-I(N~)Co(lhOhiJ+ ions.


Sociologists have in recent years grown increasingly attentive to questions concerning the objectivity of the diverse accounts of social phenomena that hail from within and beyond the confines of our discipline. This has stemmed in part from longstanding intra-disciplinary and inter-disciplinary conflicts amongst proponents of competing academic research methods and theoretical models for describing and explaining social phenomena. It has stemmed in part from the advent of feminist, queer and other forms of 'critical' theorizing which implicate professional sociology, and the social sciences more generally, in legitimating oppressive ideas and institutions. More generally, it has stemmed from the opposition to social scientific accounts that we increasingly encounter from self-conscious and articulate spokespeople for the institutions and social movements that we study. Finally, it has stemmed from the salutary renaissance in regard for the public role of the social sciences in the wider societies in which we work.


Abstract The bicyclic hydridophosphorane 2 was shown to undergo alkoxylation reaction with a series of benzenesulfenic esters 3 to give the corresponding isolable alkoxyphosphoranes in preparatively useful amounts (72–89%). The reaction pathway is interpreted in terms of a two-step process: the first step involves formation of alkoxyphosphorane 4 and thiaphosphorane 5, the second step involves the reaction of 5 with alcohol, converting to 4.


The depth profiles of the polarization in films of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as well as in vinylidene‐fluoride–trifluoroethylene (VDF‐TrFE) copolymer films polarized by a focused electron beam were investigated using the piezoelectrically generated pressure step method. The dominant polarization exhibits a broad maximum inside the film. The position of this maximum depends not only on the energy of the incident electrons but also on the material parameters of the sample. Close to the surface exposed to the electron beam we have in addition observed a small secondary maximum of opposite polarization (amounting to about 1 mC/m2). A qualitative model is presented for the poling of films of PVDF and its copolymers with TrFE by focused electron beam accounting for most of the observed features. The application of electron beams for the poling of ferroelectric films allows the production of piezoelectric bimorphs. By using a well‐focused electron beam also ferroelectric domains of very small lateral dimensions can be created which could become important for ferroelectric data storage.


In 2012, twenty national governments committed to investing more than U.S.$2 billion with the goal of meeting the contraceptive needs of 120 million


Anandamide—a natural transmitter—stimulates cannabinoid receptors located outside the brain to cause analgesia, pointing to a new target for pain relief that may have fewer risks and side effects.


Tauco" is one of the food Ingredients made from fermented soybean process (Buckle, dkk., 1986). "Tauco" has been produced and distributed in whole markets and it is very popular as a traditional fermented food in Indonesian. "Tauco" consists of several amino acids such as arginine, sodium glutamic, lysine and glutamic acid. Glutamic acid and their salt derivates lead to contribute a typical flavor in "Tauco". "Tauco" is produced well in Jawa and marketed to the traditional markets and supermarket in Bali. This program aimed to technology transfer of tauco processing as a food ingredient and introduce on how to improve the quality of tauco as traditional fermented in facing the global market competitions. Hence, we are a group of lecturers of Faculty of Agricultural Technology Udayana University held on dissemination of Tauco processing to the Mambal village societies in order to improve their skill and technology. Tauco can be made with a simple equipments and methods. The method of Tauco processing beginning from preparing good quality of soybean and soaked for 24 hours. Soaked soybean is continued to be boiled, cooked and then cooled. Ragi tempe was inoculated and spread on the surface of cooked soybean and fermented for 3-4 days. Soybean fermentation is continued to be soaked in 20 percent brine solute for 5-7 days. Finally, soybean pasta is to be pasteurized for 30 seconds with adding some spices and be bottled


In neutron-deuteron scattering, four total cross sections are shown to form a complete set for the determination of the imaginary parts of the forward scattering amplitudes by means of the optical theorem. Contributions of three-nucleon forces to the forward amplitudes, which are decomposed into scalar and tensor components in spin space, are numerically studied.


Objective To investigate the clinical effects of severe brain injury by controlled decompression. Method A total of 128 cases of severe and the most severely brain injuries are divided into two groups randomly and analyzed by prospectively. Results By Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS), the good recovery rate of treatment group was 17. 2% higher than the control group,and death rate was 12. 5% lower than the control group. The rate of intraoperative brain swelling in treatment group was 17. 2% lower than the control group,and the incidence rate of delayed hematoma was 7. 8% lower than the control group. The rate of intraoperative brain swelling by delayed hematoma in treatment group was 12. 5% lower than the control group(P < 0. 05). Conclusions The operation by controlled decompression can reduce or delay the arising of intraoperative brain swelling by delayed hematoma and improve the prognosis of severe brain injuries.

Key words:
Craniocerebral trauma;  Controlled decompression;  Intraoperative intracranial pressure monitoring;  Delayed hematoma;  Intraoperative brain swelling


The printed circuit board of a multi-layer structure having an upper conductive layer and the lower conductive layer and an insulating layer in between is used in accordance with the present invention. The forming the top conductive layer and opening a portion of the inter-layer insulating layer to expose the lower conductive layer is formed by adding the chip assembly of bump connection type. Chip is mounted is buried in the chip assembly part. Composite seal is filled in the lower space of the chip. The plate-like heat sink having an opening corresponding to the chip assembly part is provided on the substrate is filled with a thermally conductive adhesive between the heat sink and chip.


PURPOSE: To provide a current mirror circuit which can easily produced and can have a high impedance with high accuracy even in a circuit that has a comparatively large mirror ratio. CONSTITUTION: A current mirror circuit is provided with a current output transistor(TR) P3 connected to an output node side in the current mirror circuit having two branches of a control branch and an output branch, a field effect TR M4 connected between a control terminal of the TR P3 and the output branch and the frequency capacitance Cc. COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO


This study investigates the use of depth of field in segments of a news programmes, also called news videos, and the perceived experience of the audience. The research problem is related to how dep ...


Introduction. The investigation contains a scientific development of some concepts and categories from the interstate regulation of the procedures for the introduction of digital technologies in Industry 4.0 for their use by economic entities of the EAEU and BRICS jurisdictions in their foreign economic activities. The definition of legal risks that may arise during the implementation and application of digital technologies of Industry 4.0 formulated at the conceptual level.Materials and methods. The work used traditional general scientific research methods, such as the dialectical method of cognition, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, as well as private scientific legal methods, including formal legal, the method of legal interpretation. The authors implement a systematic approach to the study of the problem by using several methods of scientific research in combination. Research results. As a result of the analysis, the authors substantiate the scientific and methodological principle of inter-jurisdictional risk management of changes in legislation, as well as their neutralization and avoidance in the implementation of foreign economic activity by economic entities of the EAEU and BRICS jurisdictions. This approach of inter-jurisdictional management of legal risks proposed to be enshrined in the provisions of the international convention, to which the countries participating in integration associations will be able to join, ensuring the entry into force of the relevant regulatory provisions in their jurisdictions.Discussion and conclusion. Based on the results of the study, a complex of information and communication technologies for continuous tracking of the movement of individual goods, as well as vehicles that transport goods under foreign trade transactions between the jurisdictions of the EAEU and BRICS associations, has been formed in five categories. This set of digital technologies applied on basis of a new scientific and methodological approach to inter-jurisdictional risk management of collisions with legal provisions, as well as the neutralization and avoidance of these risks in the implementation of foreign economic activities by economic entities of the jurisdictions of these associations.The new approach provides for the coordination of the regulatory documents adopted by the member states of the integration associations in the mechanism of the inter-jurisdictional polysubject blockchain. The documents relate to the introduction and application of digital technologies of foreign economic activity, to the level of a single (identical) regulatory document for all participants by simultaneously registering it on the server of each of the foreign economic departments of the EAEU and BRICS as subjects of a distributed register.


A star-like circuit-switching network with multistage service is considered. Likelihood ratio ordering is used to show that there exists an optimal threshold for the mean number of messages processed through the network as a function of the input traffic intensity. LIKELIHOOD RATIO ORDERING; OPTIMAL NETWORK PERFORMANCE


This paper offers an intervention into the notion of narrativity. It aims to refract Ricœur's hermeneutics of the subject through a more expanded account of the political dimension of narrative, both to situate the narrative self politically, and to flesh out the ethico-political (im)possibilities of self-disclosure. Focusing on the process of claiming asylum as an instance of politically precarious self-disclosure in which narrative is demanded as a marker of truthful identity, it will explore the limits of narrative as the mode through which subjectivity is made intelligible. Through an analysis of the residues of power in the institution of language that qualify the emergence of the speaking subject and the socio-political assumptions we can excavate from the notion of narrative time, this paper will suggest that narrative unintelligibility could have politically transformative potential.


In this paper, we continue an investigation of the p-adic Ising–Vannimenus model on the Cayley tree of an arbitrary order k(k ⩾ 2). We prove the existence of p-adic quasi Gibbs measures by analyzing fixed points of multi-dimensional p-adic system of equations. We are also able to show the uniqueness of translation-invariant p-adic Gibbs measure. Finally, it is established the existence of the phase transition for the Ising–Vannimenus model depending on the order k of the Cayley tree and the prime p. Note that the methods used in the paper are not valid in the real setting, since all of them are based on p-adic analysis and p-adic probability measures.


Aseptic cultures of isolated corn (Zea mays L. 'North Dakota KE47101′) shoots and roots and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. 'Hawkeye'] seedlings absorbed and metabolized atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] similarly to plants grown and treated in nutrient solution under non-sterile conditions. Atrazine injured susceptible soybean seedlings more rapidly than can be explained on the basis of starvation alone. It is postulated that the herbicidal activity of atrazine is partly due to toxic secondary factor(s) which may be of biochemical or photochemical origin. The effect of the toxic secondary factor(s) was reversed by added sucrose independent of light.


This paper describes an active filter with three 9-level cascaded H-bridge converters in the delta connection. The control strategy of the proposed active filter is based on a finite control set model predictive control with the support of PQ theory, which analyzes the power grid and calculates active and reactive powers. The information is then used to compensate the reactive power and suppress unsuitable harmonics in the grid current. A detailed simulation study verifies the proper function of the proposed control system and of the power converter topology.


ackground: Prothrombin time test is traditionally used to monitor oral anticoagulant drugs given for various clinical conditions. Prothrombin time test is carried out on citrated plasma while most of the other hematological tests are carried on blood anticoagulated with Ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA). Objective: To evaluate the possibility of using EDTA plasma for the control of oral anticoagulant drugs. Patients and methods: Thirty-six patients on different doses of Warfarin therapy were included in the study, and 21 normal healthy subjects were used as control group. The work was carried out in a private laboratory. Results were used to calculate the mean normal PT (MNPT) from both groups. Blood was withdrawn in 2 tubes: Citrate tube and EDTA tube. On each tube PT was determined in duplicate manually by Quick method using Biolabo thromboplastin reagents. For the patients group the international normalized ratio (INR) was calculated according to the thromboplastin manufacture kit instruction. SPSS version 9.0 was used to calculate the correlation and regression. MedCalc statistical program version 188.8.131.52 was used for assessing the clinical agreement using the Bland and Altman method. Results: A linear relationship between citrate and EDTA samples for the INR and PT estimations was observed. The regression equations for INR and PT estimations with citrate plasma (y) and EDTA plasma (x) were: INR citrate = (-0.4) + (1.25) INR EDTA, R 2 =0.97 PT citrate = (-3.14) + (0.89) PT EDTA, R 2 =0.96 Bland and Altman method was used to compare clinical difference of INR results of citrate and EDTA sample types which shows the mean difference (0.06) and the limits of agreement (0.46, -0.33) which represents the mean difference ± 1.96 SD. Only four measurements were out of range. Conclusion: Despite the very good correlation observed between results of citrate and EDTA samples, no clinical agreement was established between the two methods and the use of EDTA samples for performing PT tests by manual Quick method is not acceptable.


The Greenland Telescope completed its construction, so the commissioning phase has been started since December 2017. Single-dish commissioning has started from the optical pointing which produced the first pointing model, followed by the radio pointing and focusing using the Moon for both the 86 GHz and the 230 GHz receivers. After Venus started to rise from the horizon, the focus positions has been improved for both receivers. Once we started the line pointing using the SiO(2-1) maser line and the CO(2-1) line for the 86 GHz and the 230 GHz receivers, respectively, the pointing accuracy also improved, and the final pointing accuracy turned to be around 3" - 5" for both receivers. In parallel, VLBI commissioning has been performed, with checking the frequency accuracy and the phase stability for all the components that would be used for the VLBI observations. After all the checks, we successfully joined the dress rehearsals and actual observations of the 86 GHz and 230 GHz VLBI observations, The first dress rehearsal data between GLT and ALMA were correlated, and successfully detected the first fringe, which confirmed that the GLT commissioning was successfully performed.


We attempt to look at the dynamics of speculation, hedging and arbitrage and spot price volatility in crude oil market in Japan, Europe, India, USA and UAE. We use daily data for the period 20102017 and analyze the interlinkage using Vector Auto-Regression model. We observe bidirectional relationship between speculation and volatility (US, India, Europe) and arbitrage and volatility (US, India, Europe) and hedging and volatility in (US and Europe). There is unidirectional relationship impact of hedging, speculation and arbitrage on volatility in Japan, and hedging impacts volatility in India and UAE. The link between (i) arbitrage and speculation and (ii)arbitrage and hedging are almost non-existent in all the markets. Our results show that arbitrage, speculation and hedging and spot volatility are interlinked in the context of commodity futures markets, but the direction of the impact varies from country to country.


In order to improve functional experiments course,we analyzed the average score,score distribution and standard deviation of the theoretical test paper for functional experiment course of 100 students selected randomly from class 2001and 2003 of clinical medicine at the Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University.Results showed that the quality of the test paper remained at a good level,and that the test paper of class 2003 was improved compared with the one for class 2001.


The present invention comprises a housing having an inner space of a predetermined size; The magnetic circuit consisting of a yoke which is disposed in the inner space of the housing, and the magnet is magnetized in the vertical direction, the magnet is arranged fixed to the inside; A spring member which is fixed to the top of the housing, is fixed to the bottom of the magnetic circuit the magnetic circuit supporting the elastic up and down; Eastern Jin that the vertical oscillation to said yoke intermediate the spring member, with the weight with the magnetic circuit wherein the magnetic circuit equipped integrally assembled to; and is a pattern printed on the top surface of the base for sealing the lower portion of the housing, from the magnet It is configured to include a; and linkage with leaking magnetic field pattern coil is powered to generate a force in a room immediately above when power is applied. According to the present invention, by printing a coil pattern in which a current flows to the base may reduce the number of component parts and manufacturing process can be, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the product. Vertical resonator, a housing, a yoke, a magnet, a weight, a pattern coil, a ceramic sheet


This article focuses on the event‐triggered optimized output feedback control problem for nonlinear strict‐feedback systems. First, a fuzzy state observer is designed to estimate the unmeasurable states. Then, the fuzzy‐based reinforcement learning is performed under critic‐actor architecture to realize the optimized control. In addition, a novel event‐triggered mechanism is developed for the system states to greatly economize communication resources. By means of the Lyapunov stability theory, it can be proved that all signals of the closed‐loop system are bounded, and the Zeno behavior can be successfully avoided. Lastly, an inverted pendulum example is provided to confirm the effectiveness of the derived algorithm.


The following research aims to determine the relationship of domestic violence with poor school performance; to identify the consequences of domestic violence; to identify the causes of poor school performance; and, develop a psychotherapeutic proposal in order to improve family relationships and strengthen the academic performance of children. Inductive-deductive, analytic-synthetic and descriptive statistical method was used in the research. According to the data obtained it was determined that there is a predominance of psychological domestic violence; furthermore, 73% of surveyed parents expose that their children have poor school performance because of family problems, which is consistent with the comments made by teachers in the school, because 100% ensures that children, victims of violence have higher domestic problems of low achievement. On the other hand 33% of students move away easily from their parents and 27% reflects weeping and insecurity. So it was concluded that the likely consequences of domestic violence are the dysfunctional family relationships, manifested in the children mainly detachment, weeping, insecurity and fear; Also according to parents and teachers surveyed, children have poor school performance due to domestic violence. Moreover the possible causes of poor school performance are: lack of institutional commitment of parents in relation to the academic performance of their children; in addition to little supervision and guidance in completing homework.
Keywords: consequences of domestic violence, causes of poor school performance, and domestic relations.


In this study, an application of differential transform method (DTM) is applied to solve the second kind of nonlinear integral equations such that Volterra and Fredholm integral equations. If the equation considered has a solution in terms of the series expansion of known function, this powerful method catches the exact solution. Comparison is made between the homotopy perturbation and differential transform method. The results reveal that the differential transform method is very effective and simple.


The invention relates to an armpit massaging robot moving platform with an exercising function. The armpit massaging robot moving platform comprises a walking base, a moving device and a roaming device, wherein the moving device is located between the walking base and the roaming device; the moving device is fixedly connected to the walking base. According to the armpit massaging robot moving platform, the moving device is capable of moving left and right and moving forth and back at two freedom degrees on the same horizontal plane, so that the overall movement flexibility of the armpit massaging robot moving platform is improved; the roaming device is capable of implementing synchronous, same-direction and same-speed rotation of forward rotation rollers and backward rotation rollers via four driving mechanisms; the driving force is strong; the transmission is stable; the roaming device is capable of implementing the walking of a human body on the armpit massaging robot moving platform; the effect of exercising of the human body can be achieved.


Three dimensional body scanning technology and manikin tests applied especially for the development and evaluation of industrial protective clothing systems were described. Various kinds of manikin tests were explained such as humidity sensing manikin in a rain tower, manikins with chemical sensors, thermal manikin for flammability test etc. which had not been actively used in domestic research yet. Also recently developed 3-D body scanning technology was described how to link in the area of industrial protective clothing systems. As the result, future direction for the development and evaluation of industrial protective clothing systems was suggested.


The agricultural cooperation thoughts of Mao Zedong,including the function of agricultural cooperation,the development of agricultural cooperatives,and the relationship between agricultural cooperation and mechanization,is the precious wealth to solve the existing three agricultural problems.The paper tries to sum up the agricultural cooperation thoughts of Mao by using economic analysis methods,and points out the value it has on solving the existing three agricultural problems.


Since Rensselaer Lee's Ut Pictura Poesis, the celebrated study of artistic theory and its literary basis published over 60 years ago, much has been written on the ways texts expand or at times impede our understanding of works of art and artistic practices. Formerly culled for 'factual' information, in more recent times even artists' biographies have been shown to unfold many halftruths, if not total fabrications, that sustain the biographers' unstated social or artistic agendas. This essay exploits one such instance in Bellori's biography of Domenichino as a preface to the study of two aspects of the art historical tradition: the 'obviousness' of painting, that is, the assumption that everyone down to the most humble individual has an innate understanding of what this art is all about, and the related topic of informed versus uninformed art criticism. In Le Vite de' pittori, scultori e architetti moderni (1672), Giovan Pietro Bellori (1613–1696) narrates how Annibale Carracci learned to judge the respective merit of Domenichino's and Reni's art from the reaction 'a little old lady' — a 'vecchiarella' — had in front of their adjacent frescoes in the oratory of St. Andrew on the Coelian Hill (figures 1 and 2). According to Bellori, when the frescoes were unveiled, most people were attracted to Reni's 'gentilezza' and 'leggiadria del pennello', rather than Domenichino's numerous, excellent qualities. However, contrary to the contemporary trend described by Bellori, while looking at Domenichino's Flagellation of St. Andrew, this old lady pointed out and explained to a young girl whom she led by the hand:


Abstract The strength of rotor-spun yarns is usually lower than that of ring-spun yarns. One of the major factors which affect the strength is the fiber morphology. Better understanding of the fiber morphology in the rotor cup would help to strengthen the yarn. In this paper, a visual experimental platform is used to study the morphology evolution of the fiber in the rotor. Two parameters S1 and S2 are defined to evaluate the deformation of the fiber. When the values of S1 and S2 decrease, the fiber deformation becomes smaller. While the rotor speed is 60,000 rpm, the outlet velocity is 20 m/s and the angle of the transport channel relative to the rotor is 30°, the fiber has minimal deformation. The results may provide a useful insight to the yarn-forming properties of rotor spinning.


A nuclear criticality safety analysis has been performed to increase the approved plutonium mass limit for cans stored in Vault {number_sign}4 cubicles at PFP. The original CSER 96-025 accommodated the storage of 4.4 kg of plutonium in PuO, (5.0 kg PuO,) in Vault {number_sign}4 by requiring that half the cubicles be left vacant. This addendum allows for all the cubicles to be used, but with a fissile plutonium mass limit of 58 kg per cubicle. A mass limit for each cubical allows for storage of a larger number of cans if some have less than the 4.4 kg Pu limit per can. The highest k., calculated is 0.932 + 0.003 when an overbatched can is present in every fourth cubicle. This is below the criticality safety limit of kff 0.935, and consequently, an increase of plutonium mass to 4.4 kg per can is within acceptable safety limits for the given mass limit.


Abstract Rhodes University and the University of Cape Town each acquired keynote sculpted portraits of Cecil John Rhodes in the early twentieth century. The focus of this article is on the circumstances surrounding the acquisition of the two works and how they have been negotiated in a post-apartheid context. Although its name was devised primarily as a means of acquiring monies from the Rhodes Trust, Rhodes University College (which became Rhodes University in 1951) subscribed to Cecil Rhodes' values and ideals. A marble bust of Rhodes by Henry Pegram, acquired in 1907, was displayed in such a way that the university not only revealed its imperialist beliefs but also created the impression that it had been founded as the outcome of the mining magnate's wishes. Yet the sculpture's placement in storage in the late 1990s was not motivated by transformative agendas, and was instead—paradoxically—part of an endeavour to counter arguments about a pressing need to rename the institution. There appears in fact to be uncertainty on the part of Rhodes University about how to manage a connection to the historical figure of Cecil Rhodes which it had forged carefully since its founding, but which no longer served its interests in a post-apartheid context. A portion of land from Rhodes' Groote Schuur estate was allocated for the establishment of the primary campus of the University of Cape Town, and the buildings were ready for occupation in 1928. A bronze sculpture of Cecil Rhodes by Marion Walgate, paid for by the Rhodes National South African Memorial Committee and completed in 1934, was originally positioned at a lower point of the campus than where it is currently. Relocated to its current location in 1962, it provided the magnate with an especially lofty vision of his domain. But rather than signifying antagonism to transformative initiatives or encouraging single-minded admiration for Cecil Rhodes and his legacy, the retention of the sculpture in this prominent position has provided a forum for some critical engagements with institutional histories and a public art inheritance.


Current query languages, such as SQL, assume that the user is familiar with the database schema including the attribute names, types, and relation associations. When a user has imperfect knowledge of this information (or when he balks at the data-processing orientation of the required statements), he normally asks an experienced analyst to perform his and hoc query. The Intelligent Navigational Assistant (INA) was developed for the U S Army as a prototype query tool that permits the users to specify requests using only domain terms familiar to them. Once a request is made, it is converted into SQL for processing1,2
To facilitate query formulation, the INA supports an interface that allows the user to identify attributes without relation associations (i.e., treats the data model as a universal relation). Because an attribute may appear in many relations, one of the principal tasks of the INA is the determination of the appropriate relation bindings. To aid in the selection of terms, the INA maintains a user vocabulary and provides facilities for browsing the vocabulary and examining term definitions. Thus, the INA has two primary functions it provides an easy-to-use interface for query definition, and it converts a request into SQL.
The INA prototype has been implemented as a PC-resident knowledge-based system linked to a host-based DBMS. Its knowledge base is the logical schema of the target database, and the query transformation relies on the dependencies implicit in that schema. Supporting the knowledge-processing functions are the query definition interface, various tools to manage the target data model description, and facilities for communicating with other computers. The system was developed using TEDIUM@@@@,3 and the user interface and query resolution mechanism are extensions of earlier work with Tequila4 (which accessed the semantically-richer TEDIUM@@@@ data model)
Work on the INA began in 1987 and was terminated in 1988. The system was demonstrated as a prototype with an Army-supplied logical model consisting of approximately 40 relations and 200 attributes. After query definition, reformation, and user acceptance, the SQL queries were submitted to the mainframe for processing. In those tests, the INA often produced better queries than those manually coded by analysts. The INA currently is undergoing a beta test with a much larger database schema. Its algorithms are described in reference 5, and reference 3 contains details regarding its implementation and semantic data model. Current research includes the development of improved query resolution algorithms based on an enriched semantic data model


While we hold that cultural colonization in English teaching in the cross-cultural context is a legitimate concern, we argue that when overstretched it tends to ignore the complex power relations within a culture by imposing homogeneity on it. It may also fossilize the role a foreign language can play in a multilingual context, which, we believe, cannot be reduced to simplistic terms of cultural subjugation. We will use an example from the teaching of English argumentation in China to show that English in its contact with Chinese interrupts an otherwise inert cognitive process based on habituation, thus participating in and contributing to the cultivation of critical literacy. Translingual ability is what makes critical literacy possible.


One of the debates in the capital budgeting model selection is between the free cash flow and DCF methods. In this paper an attempt is made to compare SVA against NPV model based on Monte Carlo simulations. Accordingly, NPV is found less sensitive to value driver variations and has got higher forecast errors as compared to SVA model.


First, we wish to express our great thanks to Prof. Kim for choosing our article and for noting an important point in our study. During the past few years, metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) has been a hot topic of debate in the field of obesity because its definition differs slightly from that of metabolic syndrome and because the inclusion of insulin resistance and systemic inflammatory markers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in its definition is advantageous [1]. However, recently published review articles and meta-analyses have argued against the existence of MHO as a specific phenotype of obesity [2-4]. These review papers are skeptical about the existence of "healthy obesity" in terms of the development of cardiovascular disease, mortality, and diabetes. The reason for this discrepancy could be due to differences in ethnicity or study populations. However, the main reasons are thought to be the absence of a unified definition of MHO and differences in the duration of time that the subjects had been "metabolically healthy" and "obese" among individual studies. A very recent article by Hamer et al. [5] discussed the stability of MHO. They followed 2,422 participants in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing for a median of 8 years and found that 44.5% of healthy obese people had transitioned into an unhealthy state, compared with only 16.6% and 26.2% of healthy adults of normal weight and overweight adults, respectively. These results suggest that a healthy obese phenotype is relatively unstable. Based on these results, we must consider not only the current status of a patient with MHO, but also how long the patient has had an MHO or obese status; a considerable portion of those with MHO might convert to a metabolically unhealthy obese status during the follow-up secondary to the deleterious effects of obesity itself. In our study published in volume 30, issue 2 of Endocrinology and Metabolism (EnM), we showed that among the adipocytokines measured in our study subjects, high concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α and adipocyte fatty acid binding protein were significantly associated with metabolically unhealthy status in non-obese individuals [6]. Although MHO is being discussed more than other phenotypes, we focused on the concentrations of these adipocytokines in metabolically unhealthy non-obese subjects. Based on the results of our paper, we can assume that increased adipocytokine concentrations serve as an indicator for determining metabolic health in these subjects, as shown in previous studies [7,8]. We recommend the inclusion of these adipocytokine levels in the definition of metabolic health, if possible. Unfortunately, we could not analyze the statistical differences in adipocytokine concentrations according to the different definitions of MHO, such as that including hs-CRP, because


In this paper, a cyclic predator-prey system with Sigmoidal type functional response is considered. The stability of the positive equilibrium and existence of Hopf bifurcation is studied by analyzing the distribution of the roots of associated characteristic equation. It is shown that the positive equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable when the time delay is small enough, while change of stability of the positive equilibrium will cause a bifurcating periodic solution as the time delay passes through a sequence of critical values. An explicit formula for determining the stability and the direction of the Hopf bifurcation periodic solutions bifurcating from Hopf bifurcations is derived, using the normal form theory and center manifold argument. Finally, numerical simulations supporting the theoretical results are carried out. Key–Words:Predator-prey system, Stability, Hopf bifurcation, Sigmoidal type functional response, Time delay


Summary Notebooks: 1960–1977 shows Fugard, an avowedly anti‐theoretical and anti‐academic artist, to be a close reader who like Derrida and other deconstructionists reveals the self‐incrimination and duplicity in the intimate recesses of all language, including his own. As, according to Derrida, our very relation to language already functions like a text the boundaries between Fugard's literary texts and the general socio‐cultural and political situation from which his texts emanate (extra‐text) blur into what can be called Fugard's context. Thus, in deconstructing Fugard's context the present study looks at both the deconstruction by Fugard of the extra‐text and the self‐deconstruction in Fugard's work. It concludes with the suggestion that deconstruction, considered by some as a negative enterprise sinning against common sense and patience, could offer a way of resolving the conflict in the critical evaluation of Fugard between those who seek the universal in his work and those who maintain he should be...


Learning mathematics in the era of e-learning system is challenging. Due to the era of massive technology and social media we need to adapt the learning process. One of the ways is by using one of social media that can help student to learning mathematics, youtube. This study aims to analyze the utilization of youtube in learning mathematics based on study level from elementary school, junior high school, senior high school and higher education. The research method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The sample comprises 18 research results on the utilization of youtube in learning mathematics. The key research question is how is the utilization of youtube in learning mathematics based on level of study. The SLR method found that it has a linear relation between the utilization of youtube in learning mathematics with the positive impact that youtube bring in the learning process in each level of study. It shown us the utilization of youtube in learning mathematics has positive impact and influence the learning mathematics competence, interest, motivation and outcomes. However, the utilization of youtube also can be less impactful if it is used unproperly. So that, we need to maintain the purpose of youtube due to the process of learning mathematics.


Abstract Population growth and dispersion of Tetranychus mcdanieli McGregor were studied in an experiment conducted on Red Delicious apple trees grown in a light and temperature controlled walk-in growth room. Lloyd's index of mean crowding was calculated as a means of interpreting aggregation patterns; however, it was found that mean colony size was a more generally useful population parameter . The regression of on mean density (m) and the ratio of mean density to were used to determine and characterize the patterns of dispersion obtained under the experimental conditions of the study. It was shown that the ratio of mean density to is the proportion of sampling units (i.e. individual leaves) that would have a colony size of individuals per unit, all other units being unoccupied. Characterization by the concomitant parameters and provides a more sensitive and meaningful method of describing populations than does the arithmetic mean. The data indicated that adult female populations of T. mcdanieli tend to be distributed as clumped colonies on apple trees. A plant feeding mite damage scale was devised to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of gross observational estimates as indicators of spider mite levels.


Careful review, summery and evaluation of investment system reform in coal industry in China are given. Methods to realize new investment system are put forward to adjust economic system demand of socialist market economy and to make it characteristic and vigorous.


Three-dimensional porous carbon materials based on supercubane structure are modeled through first principles based density functional theory calculations. The basic supercubane structure is expanded through the insertion of acetylinic and diacetylinic units between both inter- and intracubane C–C bonds leading to more variety of porous carbon materials. The supercubane is found to be an insulator with an indirect band gap of 5.26 eV and the gap is found to decrease on introducing the acetylinic linking groups between the intercubane C–C bonds. The completely carbomerized supercubane structures are also found to be insulators. We have also calculated the phonon dispersion and the variation in free energy with increasing temperature to verify the stability of the materials considered. The calculated free energy profiles are compared with some of the previously studied carbon allotropes to show the possible thermodynamic stability of these 3D carbon systems. The complex frequency-dependent dielectric consta...


under the Background of the Popularization of Higher Education in China, the Traditional Employment Situation Has Been Unable to Meet the Rapid Growth of the Number of College Students, and the Innovation-Driven Development Strategy of Our Country Has Put Forward New Requirements for the Talent Training of Higher Education. the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Work in Various Universities Has Been Steadily Promoted, in Which the Construction of the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Platform Will Play a Role in the Talent Training, Curriculum Setting, Team Building and Other Aspects, and Provide Important Guarantee for Cultivating the students' Innovative Consciousness and Entrepreneurial Competencies.


Workplace spirituality meets a deep desire of individuals and society to find ultimate purpose in life and to live accordingly. It is fundamentally related with listening to the inner voice in the midst of a turbulent workplace; about recognizing a need for self-integration; about connecting with one's community and family; and for developing a path toward achievement with satisfaction and security. Spirituality as a construct is a better option than religion for understanding the relationship between individual and the modern workplace. The present paper describes workplace spirituality as an element of the organizational culture which affects organizational and employees' well-being. Spirituality at workplace leads to improved ethical behaviours at a personal level and an enhanced ethical climate/culture at an organizational level.


The study explored various aspects of students' social skills in an attempt to identify specific aspect that has significance in predicting their academic performance and examined the longitudinal relationship of these social skills with academic performance. The study used two models that applied advanced statistical tools to a nationally representative database of the U.S., the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study. In the first model which employed the discriminant analysis, the authors successfully classified overall performance levels of fifth graders based on their five subscales of social skills, identifying approaches to learning as the most important skill among the five. In the second model which used the profile analysis, the significant longitudinal relationship between social skills and academic achievement from kindergarten to fifth grade was confirmed; students of different achievement levels showed significantly different developmental trajectories of social skills over the six years.


Laboratory degradation studies were performed in water at pH 4.0, 7.0 and 9.2 using methomyl (Lannate 12.5 L) formulation at the rates of 1.0 (T1) and 2.0 (T2) µgmL-1. Water samples collected on 0 (2 h), 3, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days after treatments were processed for residue analysis of methomyl by HPLC equipped with Photo Diode Array Detector. In 60 days, dissipation was 84-87% at pH 4.0, 71-77% at pH 7.0, and 91-93% at pH 9.2 in both treatments showing very little effect of pH on dissipation. The half-life periods observed were 20.76 and 22.13 days at pH 4.0, 27.87 and 28.67 days at pH 7.0 and 15.84 and 16.54 days at pH 9.2 at T1 and T2 doses respectively.


This work investigates the polarographic wave of bis(salicyladehyde) ethylenediimine in NH_3~NH_4Cl buffers by single-sweep polarography. The methode of quantitative analysis was established by using the polarography wave. The mechanism of electrode processes were studied furthermore. The number of reduction electron of electrode reaction was determined by using chronocoulometry. The course of electrode reaction was given.


Adaptive directional microphone arrays have been widely utilized in hearing aids to help wearers understand speech in noisy environments. However, a practical and objective way of measuring the benefit of this technique is not obvious. One commonly used measure for directional microphone arrays is directivity index (DI), which evaluate the arrays' capability to attenuate a diffuse noise field. However, the DI has rarely been considered for the Adaptive directional microphone arrays because a truly diffuse noise field is required for the measurement. This paper investigates the feasibility of measuring the DI of adaptive directional hearing aids in a diffuse noise field generated by a loudspeaker array playing uncorrelated noise signals simultaneously. The requirement for the degree of diffuseness of the noise field is studied based on numerical simulations for first-order and second-order adaptive microphone arrays. The possibility of measuring the DI in both anechoic and non-anechoic conditions is investigated. The accuracy of the proposed approach is further discussed.


The contents and the formation of the Secret of secrets -- John of Seville and the introduction of the Secret of secrets to the West -- Philip of Tripoli and the complete translation of the Secret of secrets -- From the Holy Land to Europe : the first stage of circulation -- Textual history and the myth of an official expurgation -- The scholarly reception of the Secret of secrets. Part 1: Success -- The scholarly reception of the Secret of secrets. Part 2: The limits of success -- Conclusion -- Appendix1: John of Seville's prologue to the Epistola -- Appendix 2: Philip of Tripoli's prologue to the Secret of secrets -- Appendix 3: Manuscripts of the Secret of secrets to circa 1325 -- Appendix 4: commentaries -- Appendix 5: Early printings of the Latin Secret of secrets.


Plants contain phytochemicals that can promote health and improve illness. Herbal drugs frequently fail to meet this standard, due to lack of scientific data to identify the plant. Thus, this study sets pharmacognostic characters of the Quisqualis indica leaves which will help for its identification and detection of adulteration/substitution. The quantitative microscopy leaf constants, length and width of trichomes, diameter of parenchyma cells, and calcium oxalate crystals were also analyzed. The physicochemical evaluation, for example ash value, extractive value, moisture content (LOD), etc. were performed. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of petroleum ether (60-80°C), chloroform, and ethanol discovered the occurrence of the phytoconstituents, for example alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, steroids, tannins, phenolic compounds, etc. Fluorescence behavior of these extracts and leaf powder was also studied in different solvents and reagents. This information may act as reference information and help in identification, authentication, and investigation of the plant material.


We prove that any compact simply connected manifold carrying a structure of Riemannian 3or 4-symmetric space is formal in the sense of Sullivan. This result generalizes Sullivan's classical theorem on the formality of symmetric spaces, but the proof is of a different nature, since for generalized symmetric spaces techniques based on the Hodge theory do not work. We use the Thomas theory of minimal models of fibrations and the classification of 3and 4-symmetric spaces.


Maintenance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures has become a global issue due to the problems associated with the corrosion of steel reinforcement. Corrosion of RC structures results in severe serviceability and strength issues, which in turn necessitates major repair works. Though it is difficult to eliminate the risk of corrosion in RC structures, appropriate retrofitting procedures can be implemented to restore the lost strength. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the mechanism of corrosion in RC members and the procedure for retrofitting corrosion-damaged RC members subjected to different loading conditions. Moreover, the efficiency of existing strengthening techniques, such as steel jacketing, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites, engineered cementitious composites (ECCs), ferrocement jacketing, fabric-reinforced cementitious composites (FRCMs) and ultra-high-toughness cementitious composites (UHTCCs), are evaluated and compared in relation to restoring/enhancing the performance of corrosion-damaged RC members under different loading scenarios. Moreover, the paper provides a detailed comparison of the effects of different parameters governing the corrosion mechanism and suggests suitable design recommendations for improving the overall performance of corrosion-damaged RC members.


In June, 1969, the author studied a number of limestone grassland-vegetations in the French Jura Mountains, South of Champagnole, on the methods of the French-Swiss School of phytosociology. These vegetations can be assigned to the alliance Mesobromion Br.-Bl. & Moor 1938, and belong to the: A. Pinguicula Vulgaris – Bromus ERECTUS-VEGETATION. B. Eu-Mesobromion Oberd. 1957. Mesobrometum collinum (Scherr. 1925) Oberd. 1957. 1. subass. typicum 2. hypericetosum subass. nov. a. Achillea millefolium-variant b. Teucrium chamaedrys-variant Special attention was paid to the cryptogams ocouring in these associations. More than 40 taxa of bryophytes and lichens were met with. There proved to be a distinct correlation between the phanerogamic communities and the distribution of the cryptogams.


Barrier tissues such as the skin and intestine provide vital protection to the organism from pathogens and exposure to the environment. Epithelia-resident γδ T lymphocytes maintain this protective barrier via the production of growth factors and cytokines. Obesity and type 2 diabetes disrupt normal homeostasis within the epithelium and result in complications that include delayed tissue repair. We have previously identified a reduction in the number of T cells within the epithelium of the skin and intestine of mice as obesity progresses. Here we find that obesity impairs the ability of lymphocytes to maintain homeostatic proliferation within epithelial tissues. Our studies show that this is particularly devastating in young mice that are still establishing lymphocyte populations in their epithelia. Using blocking studies and gene chip analyses we have identified inflammatory mediators that are involved in the negative impact that obesity has on intraepithelial lymphocytes. The mechanism involved is independent of diet as both mice on a high fat diet and genetically obese mice on a normal chow diet exhibit reduced and dysfunctional epithelial lymphocytes. Reducing chronic inflammation by weight loss or blocking inflammatory mediators begins to reestablish T cell homeostasis and improve tissue repair. This data identifies new therapeutic targets for improving tissue repair during obesity and type 2 diabetes via the restoration of normal cellular homeostasis and gene expression.


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This paper is an attempt toward a theoretical understanding of Latinos as an ethnic group. In an analysis of the social construction of Latino ethnicity by community organization leaders consideration of possible limitations that may be inherent in this type of group form must be studied. Ethnic consciousness is defined as an awareness of belonging and/or being different; a collective uniqueness derived from shared cultural characteristics such as language and an awareness of being different from other US social groups. The 1st section of this paper shows that Latino conscious behavior is collectively generated out of the interaction of at least 2 Spanish speaking groups; the 2nd section shows the idea of Latinismo as a political phenomenon--a group identity used to gain advantages or overcome disadvantages in society. The overwhelming majority of the studys respondents ( a group of community organization leaders from the Mexican American and Puerto Rican communities in Chicago) define the idea of Latino as a political phenomenon. Overall although the Spanish language is an important cultural feature of Latino ethnic consciousness it still cannot be used as the primary defining characteristic of the Latino ethnic group identity and consciousness. The conceptual form of Latino ethnic group identification proposes that social groups and their members only compare their position and fate with a limited range of other groups or individuals usually those a little higher in the social scale. In sum the social organization of Latino ethnicity represents an attempt to alter existing social and power arrangements between the Spanish speaking society and the larger American society. The politicization of a situational Latino ethic identity and consciousness suggests the mobilization of Spanish speaking groups into a self conscious Latino frame of reference. However it stresses unique national and cultural identities of the groups that it mobilizes precisely at the historical moments when these groups are being asked to take on a Latino ethnic consciousness.


The design and functions of the ECU of SCR system were described.The ECU of SCR system collects the signals from CAN bus and sensors,finds out the change of diesel engine operational performance,and then change the dosing rate of adblue to the exhaust pipe by control adblue dosing unit according to the steady state map and correcting map.The ECU of SCR system also has diagnostic function.Thus,the real time monitoring of the fault of the whole SCR system can be realized.Moreover,the design and functions about the calibration tools of SCR system were also described.


The AN-IA copolymer was modified by ammoniation and the structure of AN-IA copolymer after modification was characterized,the effect of ammoniation modification on the final performance of carbon fiber was studied.The results showed the infrared spectrum was changed with the ratio of IA increasing in some way,the moderate broad peaks appeared at 1730 and 1700cm-1 and the intensity of peaks increased.The oxygen content of preoxided fiber which prepared by ammoniation modified AN-IA copolymer was over 11%,the pre-oxidization ability significantly improved,and the intensity of carbon fiber after final carbonization can reach 3.76GPa.