TROTIS (TROjan asteroid Thermal Infrared multi-Spectral imager) is a high spatial-resolution thermal imaging system optimized for targets in the outer solar system with heritage from the Miniaturized Asteroid thermal infrared Imager and Radiometer (MAIR) for the AIDA mission as well as Bepi-Colombo mission's MErcury Radiometer and Thermal Infrared Spectrometer (MERTIS). TROTIS will provide unique science observations that will foster our understanding of Trojan asteroids. It will provide compositional information, thermal physical properties as well as help determine accurate shapes. In addition TROTIS can aid optical navigation, as it will be able to detect targets from any phase angle.


In this paper,a resolving scheme of constant temperature water supply system for a kneading device is presented after analyzing the particularity of kneading process and combining with requirement of temperature control.According to this scheme,one temperature control water tank is used to supply recycling water for the interlayer of the mixing tank control reacting temperature of the mixture in the mixing tank.Results of the practice show that the constant temperature water supply system is a compact system,has lower malfunction occurring frequency,and can achieve better performance in temperature control.


BACKGROUND: According to most studies, the efficacy of IVF/ICSI protocols in patients with suboptimal response was significantly lower than in women with normal response. However, methodological approaches optimizing the efficacy of IVF/ICSI protocols in patients with suboptimal response have not been developed.
AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of using recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in IVF/ICSI protocols in women with predicted suboptimal response to controlled ovarian stimulation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study included 102 patients with predicted suboptimal response: treatment group (n = 34) and comparison group (n = 68). Controlled ovarian stimulation was performed according to the standard protocol with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists. Women in treatment group daily received 60 mcg of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor subcutaneously from the onset of stimulation until the day of human chorionic gonadotropin blood test. The intergroup comparative analysis included clinical-anamnestic data, indicators of hormonal status, ovarian reserve, main characteristics of protocols stimulation, embryological data and the efficacy of IVF/ICSI programs.
RESULTS: In the treatment group, the number of retrieval oocytes was higher (8.1 5.3 vs. 4.7 2.6, respectively; p 0.001), and the effective dose of follicle-stimulating hormone preparations was lower than in the comparison group (403.6 351.1 IU vs. 694.3 950.4 IU, respectively; p = 0.013). Besides, the number of mature oocytes (6.8 5.2 vs. 3.7 1.9, respectively; p 0.01), 2PN zygotes (5.1 3.9 vs. 2.8 1.7, respectively; p 0.01), and good quality embryos (3.4 3.3 vs. 1.8 1.5, respectively; p 0.01) were also higher in the treatment group. Сlinical pregnancy rate in women receiving recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was significantly higher (41.2% vs. 22.1%, respectively; OR 2.47; 95% CI 1.016.03; p 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Using recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor improves the efficacy of IVF/ICSI protocols in women with predicted suboptimal response.


The objective of this experiment was to assess the optimal levels of dietary fiber (DF) incorporated in high concentrate (HC) and low concen trate (LC) diets for limit-fed dairy heifers. Eight Holstein heifers (335.6 ± 7.41 kg BW) were randomly assigned to 2 levels of concentrate: HC (20% forage) and LC (80% forage) and to a forage type sequence (0% of forage as corn stover (CT), 100% corn silage (CS); 20% CT, 80% CS; 40% CT, 60% CS; 60% CT, 40% CS) within forage level administered according to a split-plot, 4 × 4 Latin square design (21-d periods). All diets provided similar intakes of ME and allowed 800 g/d of ADG. DF (NDF and ADF) and non fiber carbohydrates composition were allowed to vary with the dietary ingredients. HC-fed heifers had higher apparent total tract (TD) digestibility of dry matter (DM; 72.6 vs.64.9 ± 0.52%; P ≤ 0.01) than LC. Increasing DF level by increasing the amount of CT in the diet resulted in a linear decrease of DMTD (73.3, 71.5, 66.2 and 63.9 ± 0.51%, respectively; P ≤ 0.01). Organic matter TD followed the same pattern as DMTD. LC diets had higher NDF (P ≤ 0.01) and tended to have lower ADF TD than HC diets (P = 0.06). As level of DF increased, NDF and ADF TD had a cubic response with 20% CT diets having the highest values. HC diets decreased fecal output on DM and wet-bases, and DF had a decreasing linear effect on these parameters (P ≤ 0.01). Urine volume excretion tended to be higher for HC-fed heifers (16.2 vs. 7.7 ± 2.51 kg/d; P = 0.06) and increasing level of DF tended to decrease urine output (P = 0.10). Total purine derivatives did not differ between treatments or CT level, but uric acid tended to be higher in HC-fed heifers (P = 0.06), and tended to decrease linearly (P = 0.10) when levels of DF increased. We conclude that CT decreased DM, and OM TD linearly while NDF, and ADF TD were maximized when 20% CT was added to HC and LC diets; HC diets were more digestible and generated less fecal output, but total manure was not different between HC or LC diets.


The rural legal construction focuses on protecting the rights and interests of farmers.Farmers need the legal system to realize their equal rights,democratic rights and property rights.What farmers lack is the knowledge of the legal right and the guidance to safeguard it,The government should offer legal help for farmers to protect their legitimate rights.


ABSTRACT The study aims a re-examination of the poverty situation in Ghana using the Alkire-Foster multidimensional poverty framework. Using cross-sectional data from the Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS7) collected on 14,009 households, the results revealed that multidimensional poverty was higher for the Northern belt followed by the Middle belt and then the Coastal belt. The results further indicated that different socioeconomic and supply-side factors significantly affect multidimensional poverty in different locations of the country. The heterogeneous effect of socio-economic variables on multidimensional poverty across belts implies that designing "best-fits" policy strategy may be more effective than "one size fits all" policy strategy.


FOREWORD The following article was approved by consensus of the scientific and medical societies with major representation in Europe. The mode of operation was that an initial draft was provided by the safety committee of ISMRM (Fernando Calamante (chair), Bernd Ittermann, Emanuel Kanal). An intersociety working group on MR safety was established with representation from each society as follows: Alberto Torresin (EFOMP); Renato Padovani (EFOMP); Sija Geers-van-Gemeren (EFRS); Csaba Vandulek (EFRS); Linda Knutsson (ESMRMB); David Norris (ESMRMB, ISMRM, chair); Stephen Keevil (ESR); Gabriel Krestin (ESR); Siegfried Trattnig (ISMRM); Titti Owman (ISMRM, SMRT). Comments on the draft were circulated by email, and the Committee met several times by teleconference until the final version was agreed. Several non-European societies later approved the document, which is an important step towards international acceptance. The motivation for generating this document was the enactment of the EU-directive on physical agents (electromagnetic fields, Directive 2013/35/EU), which defines exposure limits to electric and magnetic fields in the work place. This must be transposed into national law within the EU by 1 July 2016. After a lengthy consultation process this directive also contains a derogation for MRI. The EU expects that the MR community display a high degree of self-regulation, and develop effective training programs for workers in the field. As a first step it is then necessary to define the roles and responsibilities of workers, so that appropriate training programs can be developed, which may ultimately be offered by multiple providers. A consistent challenge was to find a general form that could be translated into the working practice of different safety cultures and legislative environments. The proposed solution envisages that one person is operationally responsible for the facility and this is the MR medical or research director (MRMD/MRRD) and further that there is one person who is closely involved with scanning who takes on the role of MR safety officer (MRSO). This represents the minimum configuration for any site. Additionally, the role for a higher level of technical expertise was defined in the form of the MR safety expert (MRSE), but at the same time it was accepted that for small sites this level of expertise would not necessarily be available "in house," and hence such expertise could be accessed externally as necessary. In the typical configuration the qualifications for the three roles will be: MRMD/MRRD, MD/PhD; MRSO, radiographer (Europe), technologist (USA and elsewhere); MRSE, physicist. However, these are certainly not prescribed and may be readily fulfilled by workers with different backgrounds, also subject to national requirements. At present there are a number of certifications that could be appropriate, particularly at the level of the safety officer (for example, training courses offered by ESMRMB and ISMRM), and it is hoped that the generation of this document and its widespread acceptance will elicit more internationally recognized training courses that are matched to the three areas of responsibility defined here, as is already done in the USA by the newly formed American Board of Magnetic Resonance Safety.


Bantaeng Regency is an area directly conterminous to the high seas with wave currents and energy which has the potential to damage the embankments, and it has coastal road. Abrasion caused by damage to embankments and road infrastructure, design of road embankment construction is planned in general and does not take into account the environmental burden so that it can threaten the safety of road users and the people who live in the vicinity. This research identified and analyzed the damage to coastal road embankments, the effects of abrasion factors and alternative solutions to the construction of road embankments. This research can be used as a reference in determining alternatives to road embankment protection along coastal areas prone to abrasion. This research uses a quantitative qualitative approach and AHP method that is carried out by stages, observations on coastal roads affected by abrasion to determine the condition of road embankment damage, analyze marine environmental loads as factors causing damage to road embankment construction, and analyze alternative coastal protection buildings as a solution handling road dam damage. The results of the analysis showed that abrasion was the cause of damage to road construction due to scouring on embankments and sub grade. The alternative is to select the building of embankment protection on coastal roads that is very relevant is the revetment.


The Global Human Rights Regime, an amalgamation of law, permanent institutions, global campaigns and funding, is a remarkable achievement. Since the mid-1980s and particularly after the end of the Cold War, human rights have been embedded in numerous conventions, organizations and courts, at the domestic, regional and international levels, all of which now encircle states in a world of law. Yet, in this article, the author questions how much nowadays the international human rights movement, given its internal diversity, displays a political and moral economy that mirrors inequalities within and between societies more widely? He focuses on three deeper underlying shifts in the world of global politics, namely: the decline of Western influence and the emergence (or re-emergence) of new powers; the politicization of human rights language; and pushback against human rights on principle, particularly in cases of religious belief. Those arguments, the author warns, remind us that the Global Human Rights Regime risks ignoring the complexities derived from diverse regional, national and local politics.


In the Westerbork Survey of Rich Clusters of galaxies (WSRC), seven nearby and vich clusters of galaxies have been observed with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope. The results obtained at different frequencies are published in several papers of a series, and Table 1 serves as a general reference to these publications. In these papers, both discussions on individual radio sources and the presentation of cluster radio luminosity functions (RLF) are given. Here we summarize some of the results of the WSRC which, from a statistical point of view, impose some constraints on the rate of the radio activity of galaxies and on the influence of the galaxy environments on their activity. The rate of radio activity of a sample of galaxies in a cluster can be described by the integral RLF of the cluster, which represents the fraction of galaxies that emit in the radio domain above a certain power. When it is presented as a function of the optical luminosities of the cluster galaxies, it is called the bivariate radio luminosity function (BRLF). The BRLFs are most suitable for representing in an unbiased way the rate of activity of a sample of galaxies, since they are presented in absolute parameters and are normalized to the optical luminosity function (or distribution) of the galaxy samples. This is important since, both inside and outside clusters, it has been shown that the RLF depends strongly on the optical luminosities.


Objective To evaluate remifentanil anesthesia on postoperative analgesia in patients with gastric cancer. Methods Sixty patients who had radical surgery for gastric cancer were randomly divided into sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia group (S group,30 cases) and remifentanil,propofol wide with intravenous anesthesia group (R group,30 cases). All cases were given postoperative analgesia while staying in the anesthesia recovery room after operation. Visual analogue scales (VAS) were applied to assess the levels of pain. When the VAS score ≥ 3 points,intravenous administration of 0.1ug/kg sufentanil at an interval of ten minutes were admitted until the VAS score ≤ 2 points,then intravenous analgesia pump were applied. Records of the VAS score in 48 hours after operation were kept. Sufentanil consumption in an hour after operation,the valid number of pressing the postoperative analgesia pump in 48 hours and the total consumption of analgesics were calculated. Nausea,vomiting and the incidence of postoperative irritation were also observed. Results Compared with the group S,VAS score in group R were raised in 15 mins and half an hour after operation,sufentanil consumption in an hour after operation were also increased,so there were statistical significance between group S and group R (t=8.16,7.09,8.89,P0.05). While there were no statistical significance between group S and group R in the valid number of pressing the pump in 48 hours and the total amount of analgesics consumption (t=0.66,0.50,P0.05). Conclusions There is phenomenon of hyperalgesia in remifentanil-propofol total intravenous anesthesia in 1 hour after operation. The sufficient doses of opiates,or other methods should be used to prevent or deal with hyperalgesia in postoperative period.


Abstract Loss of protein homeostasis ('proteostasis') and onset of cellular senescence are two conserved hallmarks of ageing. Healthy proteostasis relies on tightly-regulated intracellular quality control circuits that co-ordinate clearance of potentially toxic misfolded proteins arising from various internal or external stresses throughout an organism's lifespan. Proteostasis imbalances are mechanistically linked to a broad range of ageing-associated diseases, and are also characteristic of cellular senescence—a permanent cell cycle arrest that prevents uncontrolled proliferation during development, injury repair, and tumorigenesis, but drives ageing-associated frailty, degeneration, and therapy resistance. Across a range of replicative and stress-induced senescence models in primary human cells, we have discovered differences in how misfolded proteins are triaged when compared with proliferating, quiescent, or immortalised cells—especially at the level of ubiquitin-mediated protein clearance systems. Given recent findings that proteostasis modulators act as senolytics with geroprotective properties, our work highlights the need for an improved fundamental understanding of how different ageing hallmarks are inter-connected in order to drive advances in human healthspan.


Abstract Alcohol metabolism produces acetaldehyde and free radicals which are source of an oxidative stress. The oxidative stress causes oxidative damage on area of learning and memory thus depresses learning and memory processes. Propolis is a component of honeybee that has been used extensively for folk medicine for centuries due to its several biological and pharmacological properties. This work is carried out in order to investigate whether propolis treatment could reverse metabolic alterations on anxiety induced by alcohol. Key Words: Alcohol, propolis, T-maze


In the later years, He Qinghong finally found the answer on Shilong Dam. Year 1976, He Qinghong followed the road team to support the construction of hydropower dams.


Toll-like receptors,a kind of trans-membrane receptors and pathogen pattern recognition receptors, play important roles in regulating cytophagy, signal transduction and apoptosis during an acute inflammation. Their discovery,distribution,gene locus,structure, ligands specificity and signaling pathway were reviewed and also their research importance and developing trends in the future were briefly discussed.


Do green roofs and green walls have aesthetic benefits? Most green roof proponents would say so. But what are they and how do they relate to green roof design in terms of species selection, planting arrangement, viewable context, access, maintenance and other factors? Aesthetics according to the Green Roof Design 101 Manual 2 nd Ed (GRHC 2006) provides "pleasureand psycho-physiologically-oriented benefits" but, this narrow understanding suggests that the aesthetic potential of green roofs is limited to what one might experience looking upon any garden. We suggest other ways that need exploring to make aesthetics more relevant and understandable to the practice of wall and roof greening. We suggest other ways that need exploring to make aesthetics more relevant and understandable to the practice of wall and roof greening.


To realize the smooth transition from reflective memory network to Ethernet in simulation system and reduce development cost,making reference to the data management mechanism of HLA/RTI protocol,this paper designed and realized a data communication method based on subscription,publication and matching mechanism which satisfied the dynamic data demand and resolved the Ethernet data communication solidification problem in simulation system by the premise of not changing the data interface.


This study investigated the effectiveness of cognitive linguistics-based instruction (CLI), as compared to that of traditional instruction (TI), in classrooms where English present and past tenses were taught to Chinese learners of English as a foreign language (EFL). Seventy-nine non-English major freshmen at CEFR B1 level from a Taiwan university were divided into two groups: the CLI group ( N = 41) and the TI group ( N = 38). In CLI, the cognitive notion of immediacy/non-immediacy for the present/past tenses and how prototypical and peripheral senses of the English tenses are tackled in cognitive linguistics were introduced, and then interpretation tasks were given for familiarizing learners with the previously learned information. In TI, language facts were explained through grammatical taxonomies, such as generics encoded with simple present, and past events encoded with simple past, followed by interpretation tasks. To measure learning outcomes, a pretest, a posttest, and a delayed posttest were conducted one week before, one week after, and five weeks after the teaching intervention. A questionnaire was also given to explore learners' learning awareness about English tense teaching. Results revealed that CLI could be a more efficient teaching method for tense selection than TI in both short- and long-term learning outcomes. In addition, learners receiving CLI, provided with tools for prospective autonomous learning, may make consistent progress, construct an ability to observe pragmatic contexts, and build better cross-linguistic awareness. These findings suggest positive implications for EFL teachers and researchers in integrating cognitive linguistics with grammar teaching.


Electromechanically adaptive materials are poised to revolutionize microscopic robots, robotic materials, and bio-implantable devices. Previously, we have demonstrated that the electrochemical micro-actuators made by atomically thin layers of metals and dielectrics could bend in response to a low voltage of ~ 1V. Here, we utilized this new type of micro-actuators to develop complex microstructures and micromachines, such as auxetic mechanical metamaterials, neural probes, and artificial cilia. Summary of Research: Nanofabrication of electromechanically active materials could create micromachines with unparalleled properties and functionalities [1]. The core of these devices consists of a nanometer-thin platinum layer as an electrochemically active material capped on one side by titanium as an inert layer. To demonstrate their broad applications, our team has developed three types of such micro-devices: auxetic mechanical metamaterials, neural probes, and artificial cilia. Our team first developed micro-sized auxetic mechanical metamaterials by using origami design principles [2]. Auxetic mechanical metamaterials comprised of rigid panels that can locally splay, have the ability to yield reconfigurable curved surfaces and generate different locomotion gaits for robotics applications. We show that such electrically actuated auxetic metamaterials can be utilized to design micro-scale robots. As in their macroscopic counterparts, the expansions and contractions in our devices are achieved by splaying neighboring panels. To achieve this splay actuation we developed an origami hinge based on a single mountain and two valley folds. The actuation of the hinges is controlled by applying voltage to a nm thin surface electrochemical actuator. The local expansions and contractions alter the local Gaussian curvature of the metamaterial sheet allowing it to reconfigure into a continuous set of threedimensional shapes. We modeled the target shapes using a reversed design approach in which the shapes are iterated towards target shapes by selecting optimal actuations of the Figure 1: Electrically programmable auxetic mechanical metamaterials. (A) SEM image of a mechanical metamaterial sheet. (B,C) The sheet could deform into two-dimensional and three-dimensional shapes. splay hinges. We then show experimentally we are able to generate 2D and 3D shapes by actuating the hinges. Based on these proof of principle results, we are working towards manufacturing untethered metamaterial-based micro-scale robots with integrated photovoltaics and timing circuits that control the sequence of hinge actuations and resulting global shapes and locomotion gaits.


The Nkana-Mindola (NKM) Cu-Co deposit is located iu the southeast portion of the Z:unbian Copperbelt, . and has seen nearly sixty years of continuous mining. All economic mineralisation is currently confined to a narrow, argillaceous interval, known colloquially as the Ore Shale. Highest grade intervals occur on the NE limb of the NW plunging Nkana Syncline, and constitute a stratabound orebody with strike extent of ~16km. Includiug lower grade mineralisation, positioned on the SW limb of the fold, iucreases the strike length to ~35 km. The deposit has an estimated global resource of iu excess of 670mT@ 2.2% Cu and 550 Mt@ 0.1% Co, makiug it one of the larger Cu deposits iu the Zambian Copperbelt. Tbe host strata of NKM deposit are Neoproterozoic meta-sedimentary rocks of the Lower Roan Group. This ~400 m thick package records the early stages of rift developmeut, and can be broadly subdivided iuto two mappable units: the basal fluviat:ile-domiuated Mindola Clastic Formation (MCF), and overlyiug marginal marine-domiuated I<:itwe Formation (KF). In detail, five depositional stages are defined, constituting packages of member status, which reflect cyclical shoreward facies shifts. These include 1) the Basal Sandstone Member; a sub-aeria~ alluvial fan and braided fluvial assemblage, 2) the Kafue Arenite Member; a sub-aerial to subaqueous alluvial fan, fan delta to braided deltaic assemblage, 3) the Copperbelt Orebody and Rokana Evaporite Members; an upward-shoaling marginal marine argillite-sandstone-carbonate package deposited under local evaporitic . conditions, the 4) Nchanga Quartzite Member; a sandstone-argillite assemblage deposited iu braided deltaic envirorunent; and 5) the upper Chambishi Dolomite Member; a carbonate-evaporite assemblage deposited in a shallow marine to deltaic environment. The fine-grained siliciclastic-carbonate-bearing KF has, in the main, laterally -persistent beds and facies· to the kilometre scale. Howevcr local facies, if not thickness, variations occur in its basal ore-bearing unit, the Copperbelt Orebody Member (or so called Ore Shale). These facies variations at the level of ore coincide with more pronounced thickness anomalies in footwall MCF strata. Specifically, lateral transitions from richly miueralised argillaceous facies of the Copperbelt Orebody Member to poorly endowed arenaceous or carbonate facies correspond to abrupt 'piuch-outs' of the underlying MCE The overall change iu stratal architecture across the MCF-KF interface records an expansion in depocentre dimension and accommodation develop:r:nent, during the transition from rift initiation to rift climax. Lower Roan Group strata and their contained stratabound ores wcre deformed during the ,..... 560Ma to 520Ma Lufilian Orogeny. This resulted in regional scale foldiug of the sedimentary and malic volcanic rocks of the Katangan Supergroup, forming northwest-southeast trending structural fabric and penetrative cleavage throughout the southeastern portion of the Lufilian Fold Belt The 2"' order Nkana· Syncline is one of the dominant structures in the southeast corner of the ZCB and the penetrative cleavage is related to this event. Folds formed during the Lufilian Orogeny are open to isoclinal and predominandy plunge northwest, with local plunge revcrsals. Numerous 3 and 4th order parasitic folds to the Nkana· Syncline are recognised within the NKM deposit. D3 folding domiuates at the NKM deposit An analysis of the fold patterns and geometries at NKM show that the nucleation sites, wavelengths, and attitudes of macroscopic folds are signi£cantly influenced by the original basin architecture, particularly the position location and morphology of MCF depocentres .. With progressive amplification and tightening of folds, rheological contrast between the MCF and KF iucreasingly influenced the mechanics of foldiug and the style of deformation partitioned along the contact of these two units. While localised veining and -more


Magnetic susceptibility is investigated in a man-made elliptical quantum ring in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit interactions and the magnetic flux. It is shown that magnetic susceptibility as a function of magnetic flux changes between negative and positive signs periodically. The periodicity of the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations depends on the geometry of the region where magnetic field is applied, the eccentricity, and number of sites in each chain ring (the elliptical ring is composed of chain rings). The magnetic susceptibility sign can be reversed by tuning the Rashba spin-orbit strength as well. Both the magnetic susceptibility strength and sign can be controlled via external spin-orbit interactions, which can be exploited in spintronics and nanoelectronics.


This paper presents a evaluation on existing multicast congestion control schemes. We evaluate several recently proposed schemes to summarize state of the art in this field. Solutions to typical problems in multicast congestion control, especially those in layered multicast, such as layer granularity, loss path multiplicity and receiver coordination, are also studied to motivate further research.


Pollution from aircraft emissions has been a cause for concern since jet aircraft first took to the skies in the 1950s. At that time it was the highly visible plumes of exhaust gases and their effect on local air quality which attracted the attention of regulators and the scientific community. In recent years the debate has shifted to questioning the effect of aircraft emissions on the upper atmosphere and how the aviation community should respond. Awareness has been heightened by the forecast rate of growth of air transport, perhaps a tripling in the number of passenger kilometres by 2015. Aircraft emit a number of different pollutants. Some, such as CO/sub 2/, H/sub 2/O and SO/sub 2/ are direct products of burning carbon fuel, and are emitted in a constant ratio to fuel use. Others, such as CO, hydrocarbons (HC) and oxides of nitrogen (NO/sub x/), are affected by combustion conditions.


The importance of automatically recognizing emotions in human speech has grown with the increasing role of spoken language interfaces in human-computer interaction applications. In this paper, a Mandarin speech based emotion classification method is presented. Five primary human emotions, including anger, boredom, happiness, neutral and sadness, are investigated. Combining different feature streams to obtain a more accurate result is a well-known statistical technique. For speech emotion recognition, we combined 16 LPC coefficients, 12 LPCC components, 16 LFPC components, 16 PLP coefficients, 20 MFCC components and jitter as the basic features to form the feature vector. Two corpora were employed. The recognizer presented in this paper is based on three classification techniques: LDA, K-NN and HMMs. Results show that the selected features are robust and effective for the emotion recognition in the valence and arousal dimensions of the two corpora. Using the HMMs emotion classification method, an average accuracy of 88.7% was achieved.


The typical workflow for ns-3 users consists of coming up with an experiment, translating that idea to simulation code, running multiple simulations, analyzing the outcomes, and finally plotting results. So far, the ns-3 project has not been providing tools to cover the steps from running simulations to obtaining plots: research teams typically develop their own custom solutions, and often need to learn new tools in order to reproduce results found in the literature. In this work we propose a framework that allows ns-3 users to go from their simulation script to plots in as few lines of code as possible, hiding tedious details about simulation running and result management, and leveraging Python's widely established statistical analysis tools to quickly perform simulations, analyze their outcomes, and plot results. The code and its documentation, which have been in part developed under the Google Summer of Code 2018 program, are publicly available at~\citesem, semdocs.


Depletion of fossil fuel and the inability to meet the rising demand of electricity are some drawbacks for the economic development of Bangladesh. Carbon emission done by developed world is also troubling the country. This paper focuses on the potential of micro-hydropower plant in Bangladesh due to its numerous rivers and canals providing off-grid power to the remote areas and also to the areas that are still outside the main grid network. This paper reflects on the current energy scenario in Bangladesh, the need to explore green energy thus proving how the establishment of widespread micro-hydropower plant can help overcome the current power crisis and play a role in the economic progress of the country. The existing potential sites are mentioned and the means to identify new sites are outlined by performing hydrology studies, topographic studies, head calculations, turbine selection, and so forth.


A tirst approximation of (he tota) demand of energy and protein by six large herbivore species. namely blue wildebeest, Burchcll's zebra. springbok. gemsbok. red hartebeest and ostrich, was balanced against the measured supply of these critical nutrients, as well as against the measured usage. 11 was clearly evident thac sumcicnl energy was available, bul that protein, particularly protein percentage, could become a critical faclor during a dry climatic cycle. MADOQUA, VOL I). NO. l. 1982 (141·IJOI 141


Rhopalosomatidae are unusual wasps whose larvae develop as ectoparasitoids on crickets. In America north of Mexico, three genera and six species are recognized. Host species are known only for Rhopalosoma nearcticum Brues and include Hapithus agitator Uhler, H. brevipennis (Saussure), and H. saltator (Uhler) (Gryllidae: Hapithinae). Here we report a new host species: the Anaxipha exigua (Say) species-group (Trigonidiidae: Trigonidiinae) discovered by barcoding nine rhopalosomatid larvae collected from Cypress Grove Nature Park, Jackson, Tennessee. Rhopalosoma nearcticum is currently the only documented species of Rhopalosoma Cresson in America north of Mexico, but our phylogenetic analyses recovered two genetically distinct clades of Rhopalosoma and thus reveal the presence of at least two species of Rhopalosoma in America north of Mexico.


As the rapid growth of economy and population, the wild animals' habitat is badly damaged by the development and utilization of wild animals living environment by people. To carry out the research on wildlife monitoring technology is of great significance. Along with the advent of the era of 3G, 3G transmission technology is more and more advanced, and the Android operating system is currently the most popular operating system. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing monitoring technology are summed up, then wireless multimedia sensor network monitoring technology solutions which is a collection of 3G technology, Android platform and Zigbee short-range wireless communication technology is put forward in this paper. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i12.3895 Full Text: PDF


Proper use of experimental cavitation data for valves requires adjustments for scale effects including the influence of valve size and operating pressure. Incipient and critical cavitation data obtained on a small valve tested at a low pressure must be adjusted when used to predict the performance of a larger valve operating at a higher pressure. Empirical equations are presented for making size and pressure scale effects adjustments. The equations were developed from experimental data collected on numerous types and sizes of valves tested over a range of pressures encompassing most valve applications. Comparisons of the predictions with experimental data show that the accuracy of the adjustment is of the same order as the accuracy in determining the incipient or critical cavitation condition from experimental data.


Compounds belonging to a new group of phenothiazine derivatives, the aryl-substituted phenothiazinyl-enones, were synthesized by condensation of N-methyl-formyl-phenothiazine derivatives with several substituted acetophenones or diacetylpyridine in basic media. The new chalcones and bischalcones thus obtained were characterised by high resolution NMR experiments.


If there is a single academic craft that is most sorely neglected in doctoral programs, most infrequently honed over the course of one's career, and most inconsistently exhibited at the top ranks of the academy, it is the practice of reviewing an article. Reflecting on conversations with editorial colleagues at Contention and other broad-scope journals, this essay draws together some brief guidelines on how best to compose the three most basic components of any academic review: criticism, praise, and recommendations to the editor.


Load forecasting is the technique for prediction of electrical load. In a deregulated market it is much need for a generating company to know about the market load demand for generating near to accurate power. If the generation is not sufficient to fulfil the demand, there would be problem of irregular supply and in case of excess generation the generating company will have to bear the loss. Neural network techniques have been recently suggested for short-term load forecasting by a large number of researchers. This work studies the applicability of this kind of models. The work is intended to be a basis for a real forecasting application. First, a literature survey was conducted on the subject. Most of the reported models are based on the so-called Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) network. There are numerous model suggestions, but the large variation and lack of comparisons make it difficult to directly apply proposed methods. It was concluded that a comparative study of different model types seems necessary. Back propagation in neural network is used to train neural network. Various techniques are used in BPP analysis. In this paper mean square error (MSE) is considered as performance criteria and various BPP methods are analysed on MSE criteria.


Abstract Background: Adjuvants to local anesthetics, such as nalbuphine and dexmedetomidine, can be used to improve the quality and duration of peripheral nerve block effects. Dexmedetomidine has been successfully used as an adjuvant of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) with ropivacaine in video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy surgeries (VATLS). This study aimed to compare the effects of nalbuphine and dexmedetomidine used as adjuvants to ropivacaine for ESPB in VATLS. Methods: A total of 102 patients undergoing VATLS with ESPB were enrolled and randomized into 3 groups, each of which received a different adjuvant to ropivacaine. The visual analogue scale score, onset and duration of sensory block, use of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), rate of rescue analgesia, duration of postoperative hospitalization, incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and chronic pain were measured and observed. Results: The visual analogue scale score, total PCA use, rate of rescue analgesia, and postoperative chronic pain in the ropivacaine with dexmedetomidine (RD), and ropivacaine with nalbuphine (RN) groups were lower than those in the ropivacaine (RC) group (P < .05). The duration of sensory block was longer and the first use of PCA occurred later in the RD and RN groups than they did in the RC group (P < .05). Conclusions: As an adjuvant to ropivacaine in ESPB, nalbuphine and dexmedetomidine are comparable in terms of the associated analgesia, sensory block duration, need for rescue analgesia, and incidence of chronic pain in patients after VATLS.


We report the results of a search for fractional electric charges in stable matter. We obtain 90%-C.L. upper limits upon the concentration of fractional charges in the sample tetraethylene glycol examined of 1 per 64 ..mu..g for +0.33e and/or +0.66e fractional charges, and 1 per 28 ..mu..g for +0.33e and/or -0.66e fractional charges. Our method employed so-called ''satellite'' droplets formed in the breakup of a liquid jet. The droplets were shot vertically downward and charge-analyzed using a horizontal electric field. The final positions, reflecting a charge sensitivity of up to 1.8 mm per electron charge, were measured with a laser-scanner-based detector. Our charge resolution was better than (1/30 of an electron charge.


Introduction Verticillium dahliae is a soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes yield losses in a wide variety of economically important crops, including potato, several vegetables, fruits and fruit trees, fibre and oil seed crops, ornamentals and shade trees. Control of verticillium wilt has largely been based on soil fumigation with broad-spectrum pesticides, most of which will soon be banned from the market given their adverse effects on the environment. Except for solarization in mediterranean countries, there are currently no effective control methods available. In the past decades, a renewed interest in biological control of plant diseases in agriculture and horticulture evolved, partly as a response to public concern about the use of hazardous chemicals. Several attempts have been made to control Verticillium wilt. Application of mycoparasites has been attempted with Trichoderma spp. and Gliocladium spp. Recently, Talaromyces flavus has been registered for control of verticillium wilt in oil-seed rape and other horticultural crops. In addition, several rhizobacteria, including Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens have shown activity against V. dahliae. To date, however, the efficacy of most of these antagonists has been inconsistent.


The traditional search solution for large collections divides the collection into subsets (shards), and processes the query against all shards in parallel (exhaustive search). The search cost and the computational requirements of this approach are often prohibitively high for organizations with few computational resources. This article investigates and extends an alternative: selective search, an approach that partitions the dataset based on document similarity to obtain topic-based shards, and searches only a few shards that are estimated to contain relevant documents for the query. We propose shard creation techniques that are scalable, efficient, self-reliant, and create topic-based shards with low variance in size, and high density of relevant documents. The experimental results demonstrate that the effectiveness of selective search is on par with that of exhaustive search, and the corresponding search costs are substantially lower with the former. Also, the majority of the queries perform as well or better with selective search. An oracle experiment that uses optimal shard ranking for a query indicates that selective search can outperform the effectiveness of exhaustive search. Comparison with a query optimization technique shows higher improvements in efficiency with selective search. The overall best efficiency is achieved when the two techniques are combined in an optimized selective search approach.


In 2010, 25 water and sewerage projects with private participation reached financial or contractual closure in seven low and middle-income countries, involving investment commitments of US$1.8 billion. In addition, a second partial divestiture of a water utility in China raised US$516 million, bringing total investment commitments for 2010 to US$2.3 billion. That investment remained in the US$2 billion to US$3 billion range of the last six years. However, by number of projects, private activity in 2010 declined by 34 percent compared with 2009, reaching the lowest level in the last 15 years. The lower activity in China accounted for most of this decline. Overall, investment was highly concentrated in a few projects. The three largest projects (one water treatment plant in Mexico, a wastewater treatment plant in Egypt, and a partial divestiture of a water utility in China) accounted for 76 percent of investments.


Early Warning Score Systems assign scores to a patient's vital signs to detect adverse events in order to secure timely medical response. However, most systems do not account for variations in vital signs due to aging changes or sex differences, which affects the accuracy of current systems for different deteriorating patient sub-groups. We aimed to develop an Ageand Sex-Based Early Warning Score derived from statistical distributions of vital signs across ages and sexes. The data is obtained from four hospitals in Oxford, United Kingdom, which contains a total of 48,433 patient admissions to the wards with documented sex and age, including 3,182 patient admissions with at least one adverse event. Vital sign distributions were compared at each year of age (age, 16 yr to 99 yr) as well as sexes (females and males) using aggregated cumulative distribution functions. The centiles of the vital sign distributions modeled the normal ranges of the Ageand Sexbased Early Warning Score. An adverse event was defined as the occurrence of in-hospital mortality, cardiac arrest or ICU admission within the first 24 hours of stay. The area under the receiver operating curve for the Ageand Sex-Based Early Warning Score was higher than that of existing systems, namely Centile-based Early Warning Score (0.828 vs 0.730; p <0.001), the National Early Warning Score (0.828 vs 0.808; p <0.001) and the Modified Centile-based Early Warning Score (0.828 vs. 0.825; p <0.001). The Ageand Sex-Based Early Warning Score also outperformed the current systems over the nonelderly patients (age, 16 yr to 40 yr), and amongst both sexes, females and males. Our results suggest that accounting for ageand sex-related vital sign changes more can accurately detect deterioration of non-elderly patients prior to an adverse event than current methods. Further investigations of ageand sexspecific methods are necessary to decrease preventable deaths.


The objective of the study aims to analyze the implementation of online learning speaking and the advantages of synchronous and asynchronous learning modes at Intensive English class at Languages Development Unit in UIN Antasari Banjarmasin. The research applied qualitative approach. The participant of this research was the second group of Intensive English Class. The data was collected from observation, interview and questionnaire. To analyze the data, the researcher used descriptive analysis. The results showed the implementation of online learning at Intensive English class during Covid-19 has been quite effective even though it takes a lot of effort to adapt for both the instructor and the students. The advantages from online learning such as more flexible to learn, train the student become more independent in learning etc.


In this paper, we proposed a Bio-Impedance Measurement method incorporating a low-power compressive sampling, time-based Analog to Digital Converter. BioImpedance Measurements System is used for continuous monitoring of human heart rate and could be further used for suppressing the motion artifact that could corrupt the ECG signals. In our system, we incorporate an ADC with a time-based processing and compressive sampling techniques, which lead to a more energy-saving and efficient ADCs for this biomedical system. Keywords—Electrocardiogram (ECG), instrumentation amplifier, motion artifact reduction, Analog-to-Digital Conversion, electrode-tissue impedance.


This report describes the application of microstrip antenna technology to the design of general aviation (G/A) aircraft antennas for use with the Global Positioning System (GPS). For most G/A aircraft, only single frequency operation will be required. However, air-carrier and some large corporate aircraft may make use of dual-frequency operation. For this reason, some dual-frequency designs have been investigated. The main effort was given to the design of antennas with broad beamwidths which could be switched or steered to compensate for aircraft maneuvers, with the goal of maintaining near-hemispherical carriage in flight. A hybrid microstrip crossed-slot and sleeve-dipole element used with a suitable combining network gives a suitable, controllable broad-beam pattern. This element and its performance are described. In addition, radiation patterns are presented using scale-model aircraft and simple crossed-slot antennas. (Author)


Under the background of economy globalization, network economy is a kind of brand-new form of economy development, which is based on modem electronic information technology, carried by Internet, led by e-commerce, ensured by intermediary business, to realize the flow of information, capital and materials, and to accelerate sustained growth of economy. The rising and developing of network economy in 1990's has brought along changes in all directions and extremely promoted world economy development. A variety of instances have showed that human beings are entering the era of network economy in the 21st century.


A ring type piezoelectric ultrasonic device for feeding experiment is proposed based on the principle of traveling wave ultrasonic motor,which has two-driving-frequencies.The device can be used to observe the motions of single object or material groups precisely without time and length limit.Using optical fiber sensor,the driving velocity of the device can be accurately tested and calculated.When the amplitude is 1μm,the driving frequencies are 24.69 kHz and 39.31 kHz respectively,the feeding ability of the device is experimentally studied.The results indicate that the feeding device has a uniform motion.With the same amplitude,the driving velocity of the device is directly proportional to the wave number and the frequency of the vibrator.


Abstract Aims: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of adding prolonged-release (PR)-fampridine to best supportive care (BSC) versus BSC alone for the improvement of walking ability in patients with MS. Methods: A cost-utility analysis based on a Markov model was developed to model responders and timed 25-foot walk (T25FW) scores, accumulated costs, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) in adults with MS and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores between 4 and 7. The analysis was conducted from a Swedish societal perspective. Results: In the base-case analysis, PR-fampridine plus BSC led to a higher QALY gain than BSC alone. The largest direct cost was professional care provision followed by hospital inpatient stays while the indirect cost was the loss of earnings due to days off work. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for PR-fampridine plus BSC compared with BSC alone was 57,109 Swedish Kronor (kr)/QALY (€5,607/QALY [1 kr = €0.0981762 on 8 April 2021] and $6,675/QALY [1 kr = $0.116890 on 8 April 2021]). All sensitivity analyses performed resulted in ICERs below 500,000 kr (€49,088 and $58,445). Limitations: Resource use data were not specific to the Swedish market. Conclusions: PR-fampridine represents a cost-effective treatment for MS-related walking impairment in Sweden, due to improvements in patients' quality of life and reduced healthcare resource utilization.


This paper is concerned with the design of dynamic anti-integrator-windup controllers for critically stable linear systems. The constant gain for anti-windup in the conventional approach is extended to a transfer function. It is also shown that the proposed compensator design is an extension of the Kothare's linear conditioning for static anti-windup compensator. The effectiveness of the proposed design is demonstrated by numerical simulations of a one-link flexible arm. Copyright Ⓒ 2002 IFAC


The aim of this study was to describe and to analyze the effect of reading strategies toward students' reading text skill. This study used the quantitative method with the descriptive correlational design. The population was 250 students who attended Bahasa Indonesia subject in all Higher Education, and 150 students were taken as samples by using proportional stratified random sampling. The instruments of this study were Likert scale and a reading text test which has been valid and reliable. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistic, simple regression and multiple regressions. The result showed that there was the effect of reading strategies toward students' reading text skill.


In practising the important thought of the "Three Represents",the CYL cadres should bear in mind that League cadres work for the public and for the interests of the people,let the Party have confidence in them,and make young people satisfied with what they do.And more importantly,they need to concentrate on the three basic points:(1)to have a firm grip on the essence of working for the public and exercising the state power in the interests of the people;(2)to have a comprehensive mastery of the dialectical relations between serving overall public interests and serving young people;(3)to upgrade their own overall quality.


We theoretically demonstrate that a properly placed distributed-feedback grating can provide spatial-mode discrimination in phase-locked antiguided arrays. The analysis includes the effects of facet coatings and accounts for the random nature of the cleave location.


Performances of driver assistance systems depend on weather conditions: when the later deteriorate, for instance due to fog or rain, the performances deteriorate too. We hereby present a new approach of modelling raindrops on the windshield using the declivity principle applied in different plans. Our goal is to define a profile of raindrops by analyzing intensities behavior in different planes - horizontal, vertical, left-diagonal, and right-diagonal - based on the declivity principle's properties.


Violet,a periodical which started publication in the year 1943,was famous for its popular literature in the enemy-occupied time.By ignoring the disturbance of enemy-occupied authority and inheriting the Mandarin Duck and Butterfly School's tradition,Chief Editor Zhou Shoujuan,with his profound national mood,took great efforts to edit with new ideas,causing the periodical to form characteristics of"popularity"as well as"morality","interest"as well as"significance".In enemy-occupied context,Violet has won a pure prestige by its metaphorical national conscious narration.


Corporate assets retain value long after their primary use has past. These assets end up being considered low value solid waste with disposal being their probable future. Management of waste as an asset rather than scrap may return significant value provided a means can be determined to cause the transformation. In the transformation process business controls including security become essential to ensure material accountability, asset diversion protection and environmentally responsible disposition. These topics are discussed with a focus on the operation of Digital's US Resource Recovery Center (RRC) where the goal for landfill, verified through experience, is <1% of disposed materials.<<ETX>>


In the present paper, we discuss a numerical method based on the level set algorithm to simulate two-phase fluid flow systems. Surface tension force at the fluid interface is implemented through the CSF model of Brackbill et al. [1]. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations were solved on a staggered grid using an explicit projection method. A fifth-order WENO [2] scheme was used for advancing the level set function. We improved the implementation of WENO scheme by staggering the level set function. The Navier-Stokes part of the code was validated by computing the standard lid-driven cavity flow and the free surface part of the code was validated by advecting the interface in a prescribed velocity field. The Young-Laplace law for a static drop has been verified to validate the implementation of surface tension force. We simulated the coalescence of two drops under zero-gravity condition and evaluated the mass conservation property of the level set method.Copyright © 2005 by ASME


THE first Imperial Health Congress held in this country took place at the Caxton Hall last week, under the auspices of the Women's Imperial Health Association. The object of this association, which was founded in the autumn of 1908, and was to a large extent inspired by the Women's National Health Association of Ireland, is ' to instruct the women of the empire in the elementary principles of hygiene, and to impart knowledge regarding the care and nurture of children." The work is carried oat by means of simple lectures on personal and domestic hygiene delivered to the women of the working classes in different parts of London and the provinces. For this purpose also the association has organized caravan tours whereby experienced lecturers can go from village to village in country districts and teach the female portion of the population how to preserve their own and their children's health. Local branches of the association have been opened in various places to deal with questions concerning such matters. So great has been the success of the experiment that it is now proposed to extend the work of the association throughout the empire, particularly in India, and thus better the conditions not only of white women in the overseas dominions, but also that of the native population. This proposal, which has been received with marked approval, was the subject of considerable attention at the different meetings of the congress. It should be added that the association is taking a prominent part in the present agitation for free lavatory accommodation for women in this country. The work of the congress was done in four sessions, two of which were held on Thursday, July 6th, and two on the following day.


The alimentary tract is described and illustrated for the scutellerine pentatomid Chrysocoris patricius (F.), the coreid Clavigralla gibbosa Spinola, the lygaeid Graptostcthus scrvus (F.), and the pyrrhocorid Dysdcrcus kocnigii (F.). An esophageal valve, guarding the opening into the first ventriculus, varied in structure in the 4 species. Three ventriculi were found in the midgut of G. scrvus, 4 in the other species studied. Secretory activity was both holocrine and by budding, and was found maximal in the first ventriculus. Nidi of reserve cells were not present in these species. Gastric caeca varied in numbers and disposition; they were present in C. patricius, C. gibbosa, and the females (but not the males) of D. koenigii, while G. servus of both sexes lacked not only the caeca but also the fourth ventriculus, where they occurred in the other species. Four malpighian tubules discharged into the pylorus of all 4 species. In none of these forms was there a rectal caecum; however, in all of them the rectum itself was made up of 2 portions with different histologies, and one of these appeared to represent an early stage in the evolution of the rectal caecum in the Heteroptera.


The Ionian Sea represents a suitable basin for studying the biogeochemical processes mediated by microbial activities. Because of its characteristics as a crossing region between the western and eastern Mediterranean Sea, it is one of the sites most affected by changes in water mass composition and dynamics, caused by the Eastern Mediterranean Transient (EMT). To date, relatively few data exist on microbial activities in pelagic areas of the Ionian Sea. From 1998 to 2004, during different research cruises, prokaryotic parameters (abundance, extracellular enzyme activities leucine aminopeptidase, β-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase, bacterial production and respiration) were measured together with culturable bacteria and the main physical, chemical and trophic parameters (temperature, salinity, nutrients, particulated organic matter). The aim of the study was to describe the spatial and temporal variability in microbial activities involved in the carbon and phosphorus cycles, in different layers. Results showed that organic matter transformation mediated by the microbial community displayed a significant increase in autumn, highlighting the occurrence of significant changes at meso- and bathypelagic depths. Unlike the dark ocean, bacterial growth efficiency in the Ionian Sea, which increased with depth, seemed to vary from being a source of carbon in the epipelagic layer to a sink in the meso- and bathypelagic layers. The mechanism of phosphatase regulation showed a weak inverse correlation between specific phosphatase and inorganic P in all seasons except autumn. It is worth mentioning that the reported results constitute, to the best of our knowledge, one of the available datasets giving information about microbial activities in the Ionian Sea.


Human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is associated with favorable survival. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and prognostic significance of the HPV infection through both the p16 expression status and the oncogenic HPV DNA viral load.


Polyurethane as a coating medium was introduced in 1950s and has since then gained ground in terms of application. This is because of the high performance one gets from such coatings such as improved chemical and solvent resistance, mar resistance, weather resistance etc. The paper deals with the fundamentals of polyurethane -- its starting raw materials, the polyurethane reaction including kinetics of reaction and the different types of polyurethane coatings commonly used. A small section has also been dedicated to the water borne two pack polyurethane.


In Nepal, burn is the third most common injury after falls and road traffic accidents. Infection is the leading cause of mortality in burn injury. A profile exploring predominant flora and antimicrobial sensitivity is important to facilitate treatment ahead of microbiology results and to aid prevention of multidrug resistant organisms. The aim of this study is to document epidemiological and bacteriological data of burn wound infections at a tertiary level burns centre in Nepal.


235 lead to the destruction of the fertile top soil and the reduction of large areas to sand or even bare rock, while the decrease in water-supplies and lowering of the water-table leads to a decrease and eventual cessation of rainfall which was formerly regular. The process can be checked by re-afforestation and by the introduction of measures for the conservation of water-supplies, but at the point which it has reached in many parts of Africa it seems impossible to save large areas of soil from destruction without radical modifications in traditional native methods of agriculture and pasturing. Changes which are regarded as urgent by experts are the abandonment of the practice of firing the bush, the introduction of a regular crop rotation, the use of manure, a drastic reduction in the numbers of native stock and the paddocking of those that remain. Two attitudes towards the changes desired can be observed in the remarks of the different speakers. One simply demands stern measures to ' combat the wasteful and improvident habits of the people '. The other, exemplified in the Report of the Ecological Survey of Northern Rhodesia and in Sir Frank Stockdale's speech, recognizes that the habits in question have their roots deep in the institutions of the peoples concerned, and were not only harmless but in many cases well adapted to local circumstances before those circumstances were changed by European agencies. It is hardly a fair ground of reproach against the African that he has not instinctively adapted to the new conditions methods which must have been evolved at the cost of hard experience over many generations. Matters now have reached a point where some tribes are threatened with actual starvation if they do not give up their cherished cattle. The dilemma is serious, and it is clear that here it is too late to counsel respect for African values, and vain merely to draw the moral from the indifference to the facts of native society that could light-heartedly attempt to teach the African to utilize land in an economic manner simply by allowing him less land to use. Yet the need remains to proceed with an understanding of what the changes which may have to be forced upon them will mean to the tribes concerned, and as far as possible to direct those changes along the lines which native society can follow with least strain, and native opinion accept with least resentment. No anthropologist, however great his sympathy for the African's attachment to his own customs, would maintain that in a case like this they must be left undisturbed; but anthropologists can with justice claim that the social implications of measures of such moment to African life should be taken into account in addition to purely technical considerations. {Communicated by DR. L. P. MAIR.)


The licentiate dissertation "Safety and Sustainability in the Community Planning Process – Actors' Interests, Roles and Influence" has in three case studies over detailed development planning proce ...


This review gives an overview of different yeast strains and enzyme classes involved in yeast wholecell biotransformations. A focus was put on the synthesis of compounds for fine chemical and API (= active pharmaceutical ingredient) production employing single or only few-step enzymatic reactions. Accounting for recent success stories in metabolic engineering, the construction and use of synthetic pathways was also highlighted. Examples from academia and industry and advances in the field of designed yeast strain construction demonstrate the broad significance of yeast whole-cell applications. In addition to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, alternative yeast whole-cell biocatalysts are discussed such as Candida sp., Cryptococcus sp., Geotrichum sp., Issatchenkia sp., Kloeckera sp., Kluyveromyces sp., Pichia sp. (including Hansenula polymorpha = P. angusta), Rhodotorula sp., Rhodosporidium sp., alternative Saccharomyces sp., Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Torulopsis sp., Trichosporon sp., Trigonopsis variabilis, Yarrowia lipolytica and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. Background The advent of yeast whole-cell biocatalysis coincided with the development of first technologies for the human society. Some thousand years BC, when organized agriculture had appeared, the development of yeast-based technology started. Today, artistic records (e.g. in tombs of wealthier members of the ancient Egyptian society) and archaeological data provide an insight into the daily life in ancient Egypt [1,2] and teach us that bread and also beer were central parts of the Egyptian's diet [3]. However, no more than approximately 200 years ago, leading scientists recognized yeasts as the cause of fermentation and started to examine them because of their economic importance and one morphologic advantage compared to some other microorganisms, their large cells [4]. Understanding the scientific basis for alcoholic fermentation was financially well supported by the alcoholic fermentation industries and governments at that time. Basically, research on yeasts greatly contributed to the development of microbiology, biochemistry and also biocatalysis. Berthelot's and Emil Fischer's research results on the utilization of different sugars by yeasts were central to studies on enzymes and their specificity. Especially Fischer's lock and key model published in 1894 [5] provided the basis for subsequent concepts. These include for example the theory about the enzyme-substrate complex developed by Henri [6] and Michaelis & Menten [7], respectively, Haldane's concept of substrate activation representing the idea of selective binding energy which leads either to transition state stabilization or substrate destabilization [8], and the induced fit theory described by Koshland [9,10]. Early yeast research, which was comprehensively reviewed by Barnett [4], also contributed to basic biochemical knowledge including the understanding of metabolic pathways, Monod's concepts of enzyme induction[11] and basic findings on cell cycles [12,13].


The US Justice Department struck a deal with financier Jho Low. He would give up more than US$700 million in additional assets tied to the multi-billion-dollar corruption scandal, which led directly to the fall of the Najib Razak's administration in last year's historic general elections. Low, from Penang, is a central figure in the global scandal, which saw billions of dollars go missing from the Malaysian sovereign wealth fund. Assets in the settlement include high-end real estate, a luxury hotel, mansions, jewellery and art works.


Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prophylactic antiviral therapy in low-risk patients with the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infections during chemotherapy. Methods: From January 2011 to March 2018, HBsAg-positive patients were analyzed in this retrospective study. The HBV reactivation, related hepatitis, chemotherapy delay, and fulminant hepatic failure in low-risk patients between the prophylactic anti-HBV therapy (prophylaxis group) and the non-prophylactic anti-HBV therapy group (control group) were compared. Results: There were 68 patients in the prophylaxis group and 102 patients in the control group. The rusult showed that the HBV reactivation was not significantly different between the prophylaxis group and the control group (P=0.741). Three and 5 patients with HBV-related hepatitis were detected in the prophylaxis and control groups, respectively. Moreover, 2 and 4 patients with HBV activation-related chemotherapy delay were detected in the two groups, respectively, without any significant difference (P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that HBV DNA titer was associated with HBV reactivation in low-risk patients (P=0.001). Conclusion: Prophylactic antiviral therapy might not reduce the HBV reactivation of low-risk solid malignancies (non-HCC, non-hematological lymphatic cancer, and HBV DNA titer <100 IU/ml). For low-risk patients, monitoring the HBV DNA titers and liver function tests in the follow-up observations might be an optimal and cost-effective strategy.


Background: Previous studies have shown various risk factors for the initial and/or the second operation for Crohn's disease (CD). However, limited data are available with regard to the risk factors for a third operation. We aimed to clarify the risk factors for a third operation for CD. Methods: A total of 200 CD patients who underwent a second intestinal surgery at 13 institutions were examined. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to examine the influence of independent variables on the cumulative rate of needing a third operation. Results: A total of 95 patients underwent a third operation. The overall 5‐year and 10‐year cumulative rates for the third operation were 42.2% and 71.0%, respectively. In univariate analysis, the interval between the initial and the second operation (P = 0.0069), postoperative administration of infliximab (P = 0.0030), and the anatomical site of the disease (P = 0.0132) were significant risk factors for the third operation. In multivariate analysis, the interval between the initial and the second operation (P = 0.0287) and postoperative administration of infliximab (P = 0.0297) remained significant risk factors for the third operation. The cumulative 5‐year third operation rate was significantly higher in patients with an interval of less than 5 years between the first and second operations than for those with an interval of 5 years or more (47.8% versus 35.2%, P = 0.0232). Conclusions: An interval of less than 5 years between the first and the second operations is a significant risk factor for a third operation in patients with CD. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011;)


Combining a few of examples,the skills of constructing 3D solid models in AutoCAD are dicussed and researched through the user coordinate system,layer,vports,editing solid ,the chioce of approaches about constructing models,in order to improve the efficiency of constructing 3D solid models.


An intonation contour used for echo questions and exclamations in Egyptian Arabic has been determined to be an instance of upstep, the systematic raising of the pitch level of all high and low tones at every accented syllable in an intonation phrase. This contour was investigated by constructing lists of two to five adjectives from the set sooda wbeeDa wHamra wxaDra wSafra, "black and white and red and green and yellow," with 20 lists of each length constructed so that all words and pairs of adjacent words are equally frequent in all positions. These were then read by a native of Cairo under three different conditions of emphasis. Fundamental frequency values for accented syllables in the resulting utterances were averaged by position in the list. Results are compared to the model of downstep in Liberman and Pierrehumbert ["Intonational invariance under changes in pitch range and length," in Language Sound Structure, edited by M. Aronoff and R. Oehrle (1984)]. [Work supported by NSF BNS‐8121002 and System...


The aim of this study is to reveal the etiologic link that exists between pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis through our unicentric experience. The clinical and cyto-pathological results of 300 patients were studied prospectively from January to December 2014 in the pancreatic center of Wuhan union hospital in china. Of the 300 pancreatic lesions patients, 196 were male and 104 female with a sex ratio of 1.8:1 (p=0.001). The factors assessed for the determination of etiologic link were the age, gender, the diameter of the lesion, the antecedents of disease (such as ulcer,cholecystectomy, smoking ,alcohol abuse ),the pancreatic lesion site, the diabetic link, the clinical presentations, the level of transaminases (GGT, ALP), peripheral blood analysis and cytopathological results of both PC and CP groups . According to the clinical data along with the respective results of the examinations, causal factors that link CP and PC are illustrated and it opens the pathway for further detailed studies as an investment for the future.


Thermal cyclic loading conditions of nuclear power plant components cause local stress-strain hystereses which are considered to be fatigue relevant events. The contributions of the hysteresis-loops to the fatigue process are evaluated using a damage parameter based on the effective cyclic J-integral which also includes the effects of crack closure. The successful application of such a short crack propagation approach essentially depends on the realistic description of the crack closure. In this context a finite element based algorithm is presented to simulate the opening and closure effects under special consideration of thermal cyclic loading conditions. The concept is based on node release and contact mechanisms. The implications of the crack propagation on the temperature at the crack tip are to be considered. In this context, the consequences of the altered temperature profile as the crack propagates have to be taken into account. It is the aim to formulate Newman-type analytical equations in order to incorporate the influence of crack closure into an engineering approach. Furthermore, the peculiarities of transient thermal loading on the crack propagation behavior are considered. The reduced crack propagation rates due to the temperature gradient in the direction of the wall are investigated numerically in order to describe the reduction of the damage contribution and decelerated crack propagation rates. The effects of changing thermal conditions in the wall on the crack propagation behavior are considered within the numerical algorithm.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


This paper describes an analytical technique for quantifying and modeling the frequency of occurrence of integrated circuit failures. The method is based on the analysis of random and clustered defects on wafers with defect monitors. Results from pilot line data of photolithographic defects, insulator short circuits, and leaky pn junctions are presented to support the practicality of the approach. It is shown that, although part of the yield losses are due to the clustering of defects, most product loss is from random failures. The yield model shows good agreement with actual product yields.


President-elect Obama has proposed taxing high-income individuals and using the funds to improve the solvency of the Social Security and Medicare Trust funds. Existing taxes, used to fund Social Security and Medicare, have only been applied to wages. Current proposals have been vague about what type of tax base might be used in the new tax. This note utilizes data from the Survey of Consumer Finances to compare potential advantages and disadvantages of a wages-only tax base proposal to a broader tax base proposal. The statistics from the Survey of Consumer Finances indicate a disproportionate number of high-income tax payers are dual-earner households and/or receive multiple types of income. The analysis shows a broad-based tax concept is more efficient than a wages-only tax concept for higher income households. Estimates presented here indicate the tax base for a tax based on broadly defined household income exceeding $500,000 could be 28 times larger than the tax base for a tax based exclusively on household wages over $500,000. The tax base for a broad income tax over $250,000 in broadly defined household income is around 2.5 times higher than the tax base for household wages over $250,000. The broad income tax base allows for lower marginal tax rates, limits incentives for reduced labor force participation among two-income households, and less tax avoidance than a wages-only tax base. President-elect Obama's proposed new tax is not a particularly liberal idea. The new tax is essentially a flat tax with a very high income threshold. Expansion of this tax could at some point stimulate discussion on ways to reduce marginal tax rates for the general income tax. A second related issue involves whether the new tax should result in increased Social Security benefits for impacted households. It is likely greater bipartisan support for this new tax could be obtained by linking the new tax to elimination of limits on contributions to Roth IRAs. Increased eligibility for Roth IRAs would also prove more effective at stimulating additional retirement savings for households near the tax threshold who were likely hurt by the recent market downturn.


A method and apparatus are provided for acoustophoresis, i.e., the separation of species via acoustic waves. An ultrasonic transducer applies an acoustic wave to one end of a sample container containing at least two species having different acoustic absorptions. The wave has a frequency tuned to or harmonized with the point of resonance of the species to be separated. This wave causes the species to be driven to an opposite end of the sample container for removal. A second ultrasonic transducer may be provided to apply a second, oppositely directed acoustic wave to prevent undesired streaming. In addition, a radio frequency tuned to the mechanical resonance and coupled with a magnetic field can serve to identify a species in a medium comprising species with similar absorption coefficients, whereby an acoustic wave having a frequency corresponding to this gyrational rate can then be applied to sweep the identified species to one end of the container for removal.


The article deals with one of the central problems of folklore research, the problem of semantic and syntagmatic stability of narrative plots. Infuential 20th-century theories of folklore have not provided us with a clear and consistent solution. New perspectives for understanding of these processes could be discussed in the context of the 'meme theory'. In the perspective of memetic approach, viability of tale types is determined by their 'cognitive adaptability' and social relevance, rather than stable semantics or 'historical roots'. Examples from present day popular culture, including the dissemination of the so-called 'happiness cakes', seem to point towards a certain symbiosis of memes and biological entities. The paper considers elaboration of memetic approach to culture in relation to the actor-network theory, anthropology of emotions, and cognitive science.


CLINICALCHEMISTRY, Vol. 32, No. 8, 1986 1591 sporine at a concentration 10-fold greater than the highest therapeutic concentration in plasma (249.4 mmoIJL or 300 ig/L) to 15 serum samples from healthy volunteers. We assayed these drug-supplemented samples in no specific order, together with another 15 serum samples without cyclosporine (blank samples), adjusting the dilution of the latter samples to match the drug-containing samples. Because applying the Wilcoxon test to the results showed no significant differences between the sets of samples, we conclude that cyclosporine does not interfere with the analytical methods studied.


The paper focuses on studying economic integration of the countries that are involved in the EU eastward enlargement process giving emphasis on international trade. The main feature characterizing the EU eastward enlargement processes is integration of national economies with different historical backgrounds and structures. Regionalism is an important issue in the policy agenda influencing adjustment processes with the EU enlargement of the current members (EU15) and the candidate countries (CC12). The regional integration effects as the deviations from the volume of trade predicted by the baseline gravity model are analyzed in the paper. The empirical results of the study allow us to conclude that the behaviour of bilateral trade flows within the countries involved in the EU eastward enlargement accords to the normal rules of gravitation, having statistically significant spatial biases caused by the trade relations between the Baltic Rim countries (the BR bias) and the border countries (the border bias). The results of the study allow us to prove the preposition that lagged bilateral trade flows are still significant in determining current trade. Past trade linkages adjust rather slowly to the new conditions of the EU eastward enlargement. The Baltic Rim countries? bilateral trade flows are among the countries involved in the EU eastward enlargement on average 2 times larger than trade flows outside the region after controlling for traditional gravitational forces and other regional dummies. The evidence of cross-border trade relations and Baltic Rim regional cooperation is stronger in the current EU members than in the candidate countries. The countries around the Baltic Sea benefit from the integration due to the synergetic effect of non-homogenous entities ? the countries on different economic levels and with different historical ties. The lessons of the Baltic Sea region in integrating countries with different economic and political backgrounds are valuable in supporting the EU eastward enlargement and the reintegration of the new member countries into Europe. Keywords: EU enlargement, the Baltic Sea Region, integration, international trade, gravity models JEL: F15, C5, R15


A Research Project Submitted To the School Of Humanities and Social Sciences in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for Award of the Degree of Master of Arts (Counselling Psychology) of Kenyatta University, April 2014


Multidrug resistance(MDR) phenotype of cancer cells is a major obstacle for cancer chemotherapy, this phenotype is main due to the overexprssion of the mdr1 gene. Transcription factor AP-1, which is one of important regulate proteins in the promoter region of mdr1 gene. To date, no direct data of AP-1-DNA regulating complexes on mdr1 gene. A novel method for identifying DNA-binding proteins from image analysis using atomic force microscopy(AFM) was developed. This study is to image and map the structure of Untranslated 5′ regulatory region DNA of mdr1 gene, identificate and analysis of transcription factor AP-1 bound to Untranslated 5′ regulatory region DNA of mdr1 gene complex with atomic force microscopy, to find out the molecule mechanism of multidrug resistance. Human leukemia adriamycin resistant strain K562/A02 was used as a target cells, transcription factor AP-1 was used as a target protein. Cultivate and PCR technique was used to amplify K562/A02 cells with the 769bp 5′regulatory region DNA of mdr1 gene, which fragment from −755 to +14. The amplified DNA products were purified by the PCR product purification kit, AP-1 of hela nuclear extract were purified by Sephadex spin-column filled with a bed of Sephadex G-100. The target DNA fragments were incubated with the target protein AP-1 at a 1:2 molar ratio in binding buffer and then immobilized the the AP-1-DNA complexes on a freshly cleaved mica surface which treated by MgCl 2 . AFM was used to idificate image of the structure of target DNA and the AP-1-DNA complexes. We show here the applicability of AFM in the quantitative analysis of the molecular mechanisms of DNA-protein interaction: The optimum DNA concentration to yield well-absorbed DNA molecular on the mica surface was found to be 10ng/ul. the contour of target DNA AFM image :the length of the DNA fragment measured by AFM image was 260.13± 2.29nm, the width was 11.88 ± 0.92nm, the mean height was 1.2nm(mean±SD, N = 50). Sephadex spin-column (Ultrafree- MC 0.22) can be used to purificate DNA and protein-DNA complex, the contour data of AP-1 protein AFM image:: the width of protein large was 30±3.2nm, protein small was 19±2.8nm; the height of protein large was 3.8±1.4nm, protein small was 3.2±1.8nm (mean±SD, N = 30). we got the contour data of pro- tein-DNA complexes: the width of protein large was 28±2.7nm, the height was 3.4± 0.94nm (mean±SD, N = 8), the width of protein small was 18±1.7nm, the height was 3.1±2.2nm (mean±SD, N = 22), and deduced the possible AP-1 site on mdr1 DNA located between bases −126 and −115bp, this result is in close agreement with the expected −121 and −115 bp values. the overall connection efficiency of protein was about 10%. The AFM method to visualize individual biomolecules allows us to investigate the conformation of protein-DNA complexes.


Actually, the 3-D integrating process is often viewed as the integration of wafer thinning, through-silicon vias (TSVs) etching and filling, redistribution layer formulation, and microbump bonding. The TSV formulation is a critical process because TSV decides the quality of the interconnection. In this paper, the annular copper-filled TSVs are fabricated into the sensor and interposer chips, which are thinned to 100 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and 10-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-diameter TSV is etched and annularly filled by 2-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-thick copper only utilizing sputtering. It can significantly simplify the chip fabricating process, which only includes the TSV etching (deep reactive-ion etching), insulating layer formation, barrier layer sputtering and copper layer sputtering, and peeling. The thermal reliability of the annularly filled TSV structure is studied by the finite-element simulation, and it is found that the thermal stress is markedly reduced, and in the thermal cycle test, annularly filled TSV samples show better reliability. Meanwhile, the measured electrical conductivity shows a slightly worse but enough electrical conductivity property.


Aim: The determination of optimum process parameters in the production of activated carbon from rice husk for the uptake of phenol from aqueous solution was the focus of this work.
Study Design: The optimization was designed using response surface methodology.
Methodology: Central composite design (CCD) was used to generate the design matrix and analyze the result obtained. Carbonization temperature, percentage acid concentration and carbonization time were the factors considered. Tetraoxophosphoric acid (H3PO4) was employed in the activation process. The surface area was determined using the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) nitrogen adsorption method.
Results: The result indicated the optimum process conditions as carbonization temperature of 575ºC, time of 240 minutes and 45 percentage acid concentration. This gave 96.5% adsorption efficiency of phenol from aqueous solution. There was good agreement between the experimental values and the predicted values. The BET surface area of the activated carbon was 471.1 m2/s.
Conclusion: This work has optimized the process conditions for activated carbon production from rice husk for effective adsorption of phenol from wastewater.


This paper investigates risk bounds for quantile additive trend filtering, a method gaining increasing significance in the realms of additive trend filtering and quantile regression. We investigate the constrained version of quantile trend filtering within additive models, considering both fixed and growing input dimensions. In the fixed dimension case, we discover an error rate that mirrors the non-quantile minimax rate for additive trend filtering, featuring the main term $n^{-2r/(2r+1)}V^{2/(2r+1)}$, when the underlying quantile function is additive, with components whose $(r-1)$th derivatives are of bounded variation by $V$. In scenarios with a growing input dimension $d$, quantile additive trend filtering introduces a polynomial factor of $d^{(2r+2)/(2r+1)}$. This aligns with the non-quantile variant, featuring a linear factor $d$, particularly pronounced for larger $r$ values. Additionally, we propose a practical algorithm for implementing quantile trend filtering within additive models, using dimension-wise backfitting. We conduct experiments with evenly spaced data points or data that samples from a uniform distribution in the interval $[0,1]$, applying distinct component functions and introducing noise from normal and heavy-tailed distributions. Our findings confirm the estimator's convergence as $n$ increases and its superiority, particularly in heavy-tailed distribution scenarios. These results deepen our understanding of additive trend filtering models in quantile settings, offering valuable insights for practical applications and future research.


Coupling of confocal Raman microscopy and atomic force microscopy provides an experimental tool to perform isolated nanoparticle Raman spectroscopy on Co3O4 nanoparticles dispersed on Al2O3 microparticles, avoiding the use of solvents or polymeric additives. Single Co3O4 nanoparticles showed similar Raman spectrum to that of single crystal or bulk systems. Surprisingly, redshift and broadening of Raman vibrational modes were observed for agglomerated nanoparticles. Nonlinear relationships of Raman shift and full width at half maximum on the agglomeration of the Co3O4 nanoparticles have been experimentally determined. These results clearly indicate that proximity effects between nanoparticles in the agglomerate modify optical properties and Raman response. Nanoparticle agglomeration must then be taken into account for the understanding of nanoscale response in oxidic materials. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


'In football, everything is complicated by the presence of the opposite team.' This aphorism, attributed to Jean-Paul Sartre, can be applied to the situation in Yugoslavia at the end of the 1980s: football was very complicated indeed. During that period, football stadia across the country became breeding grounds for nationalist conflicts, especially between football fans from Serbia and Croatia. Yugoslavia, at that point, was facing deep internal crises, economic as well as political, while interethnic tensions between the constituent nations were driving the country further towards what seemed like an inevitable dissolution. Like most of Western Europe during the 1980s, Yugoslavia had serious problems of hooliganism and football violence. While in Britain Margaret Thatcher was cracking down on what was identified as a 'slum game played in slum stadiums watched by slum people' (Goldblatt, 2008, p. 542), the roots of football-related violence in Yugoslavia were of a different nature. Newly formed fan groups, created mostly during that decade, quickly changed their focus from regular football rivalry to national issues. Chants of ethnic hatred echoed around stadia – which was all the more incredible if one considers that overt display of nationalism was still a crime in Yugoslavia. The stadium became the 'national vanguard', a sounding board for nationalist rhetoric, creating a vast space for manipulation within the beautiful game. Verbal nationalist violence between football fans soon led to something worse. As we will show in the next section, the game that was supposed to be played on 13 May 1990, between Dinamo Zagreb and Red Star Belgrade at the Maksimir Stadium in Zagreb greatly changed the


The C-terminal cytosolic domain of mouse anoctamin 1 (mANO1, also known as TMEM16A) was cloned, overexpressed, purified and crystallized. The crystals belonged to space group P212121 and diffracted to 2.3 Å resolution.


The approach to information systems actability emphasizes the social action character of information systems and its social context. It aims at a pragmatically and social sensitive approach to information systems. This paper extends the scope and focus of this approach by suggesting a research framework called universal actability. The research framework advocates for an integral understanding of universal usability, human communication and action competence, and information systems actability. To pursue this research objective, this paper focuses on the following aspects: It provides a critical review of the concepts of the previous research on information systems actability and suggests some extensions and revisions towards universal actability. In addition, it discusses several maxims for (intercultural) communications and their implications for the actors and systems. Finally, it reflects on the applicability of user modeling technology for modeling diversity in order to enhance actor's and system's actability across diverse contexts. The copyright of this paper belongs to the paper's authors. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for direct commercial advantage. Proceedings of the 9th International Working Conference on the Language-Action Perspective on Communication Modelling (LAP 2004) Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA, June 2-3, 2004 (M. Aakhus, M. Lind, eds.) www.scils.rutgers.edu/lap04/lap04.htm


Poster: "ECR 2013 / C-0061 / Pre and post-operative evaluation of Small Intracranial Aneurysms on 64-detector CTA: Comparison with 3D Rotation Angiography and Surgical findings." by: "H. Zhang, H. Zhang, C. Li; Shanghai/CN"


Our principal focus is Bankruptcy Code section 105(a), which we'll refer to simply as 105. It allows a bankruptcy court "to issue any order, process, or judgment that is necessary or appropriate to carry out the provisions" of the Code. This section derives from the superseded Bankruptcy Act, section 2a(15), which allowed "courts of bankruptcy" to "make such orders, issue such process, and enter such judgments in addition to those specifically provided for as may be necessary for the enforcement of the provisions of [the] act." Section 2a(15) was cited dozens of times in reported decisions under the old Bankruptcy Act. Section 105 of the Bankruptcy Code has been cited in thousands of reported cases as an authority to support a wide variety of judicial decisions and actions.


The current status of erythroblastosis fetalis in man and in animals is briefly reviewed with emphasis on present knowledge of nonhuman primates as models for the disease.


PurposeTo assess the effect of cataract on optical coherence tomography (OCT), signal strength (SS), and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements. MethodsPeripapillary RNFL thickness measurements were obtained by Stratus OCT scans using the Fast RNFL thickness (3.4) acquisition protocol before and after cataract extraction in 45 patients with cataract, including 23 glaucoma patients. Cataracts were graded according to the Lens Opacities Classification System III. ResultsThe postoperative RNFL thickness and SS were 9.3% (P=0.001) and 24.1% (P<0.001) higher than before surgery, respectively. There was greater postoperative change in RNFL thickness measurements in patients with lower preoperative RNFL measurements (r=−0.63, P<0.001) and SS (r=−0.59, P<0.001). Eyes with preoperative SS more than 6 had no significant difference between precataract and postcataract surgery RNFL thickness (P=0.14). There was no significant difference in RNFL thickness change between eyes with cataract only (10.9±20.8 &mgr;m) and those with cataract and glaucoma (7.0±14.7 &mgr;m; P=0.81). ConclusionsCataracts may decrease peripapillary RNFL thickness measurements and the SS on OCT scans. Thinning of the peripapillary RNFL suggestive of glaucomatous progression may be the result of artifact from advancing cataract rather than actual structural changes in the peripapillary RNFL. Peripapillary RNFL thickness measurements should be interpreted with caution in glaucomatous eyes with significant cataract, particularly if the SS is attenuated.


The changes in ion acumulation with respect to the tolerance of salt stress were determined in melon (Cucumis melo L.). The study was performed in hydroponic conditions in growth chamber using salt tolerant (CU 196) and salt sensitive (CU 252) genotypes. Plants were subjected to 100 mM NaCl for 12 days. Fresh and dry weights were decreased by salinity. The genotypes exposed to 100 mM NaCl application developed different mechanisms to be protected against toxic effects of Na ion. Salt tolerant genotype CU 196 limited Na accumulation in all organs and acted selectively among ions. K and Ca concentrations was high in plant organs in which Na concentration were low and tolerant genotype had higher K/Na and Ca/Na ratios than sensitive genotype. The present results demonstrated that toxic ion, which Na could be stored in old leaves and having a restricted transposition of salt into young leaves as a diminishing disruptive influence of salinity. © 2012 Friends Science Publishers


Product knowledge reuse is more emphasized by discrete enterprises nowadays. But their small batches, multi-product, and high frequency new products development restricts them to reuse this. Analyze demands of knowledge reconfiguration in discrete enterprise. Propose a product feature based mathematical expression. Promote knowledge nodes of product-feature-model. Then use these models to fulfill KR process in KMS. Increase discrete enterprise's adaptability and creativity in the nowadays rapidly changing-competitive business environment.