Survival and physical development of an infant, birth weight of a child is a major determinant. In developing country like Bangladesh maternal knowledge, beliefs, practices during prenatal period, and biomedical risk factors influences low birth weight of child at birth. This paper shows that how demographic characteristics and prenatal care affect the size of child at birth in Bangladesh. This paper shows demographic characteristicsplace of residence of mother, economic condition of family, fathers and mother's education and occupation, age of pregnant woman and precedence birth interval affect the size of child at birth. The prenatal care during pregnancy by qualified doctor reduces the risk for abnormal size of child at birth. The prenatal care by untrained traditional birth attendant increases the risk for abnormal size of child at birth reduces the risk.


The paper discusses the origin,characteristic and nature of the big science,pointing out it is a thorough change of the production mode of knowledge.Then it researches the big science project,which reflecting the full range of integration relationship among science,technology and project.Big science project is divided into two categories: "big science-big project" and "big science-small project" by semantic analysis,while also discussing "small science-big project" and "small science-small project".


Intelligent peeler trees belonging to the field of electromechanical device, by a stepping motor, reducer, driven rollers, bushings, control system, solenoid valves, pump cylinder, an annular cutter, consisting of the keys, the annular cutter is fixed the tool holder, the tool holder by a fastening bolt threaded engagement with the fastening pad, two cylinders contact the piston rod is fixed by tightening the fastening bolt spacer, the solenoid valve is fixed by fastening bolts to the cylinder, the cylinder housing is fixed to the tail by the sleeve, the sleeve is coupled via a coupling reducer speed reducer and stepping motor driven gear engaged with the threaded engagement roller, driven roller, the stepping motor is fixed to the apparatus body, a solenoid valve connected to the air pump and the cylinder points connected by the staff of the control system via the control buttons. The invention is beneficial in that: the apparatus can work to achieve the quick and efficient peeled trees, trees for subsequent drug applicator of controlling pests and paste repellent plaster to facilitate discharge conditions.


Regional radiotherapy is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality because of radiation delivered to adjacent healthy organs. One serious gastrointestinal adverse effect is radiogenic enterocolitis, which can appear after starting regional radiotherapy and produces diarrhoea with no effective treatment.

We present the case of a woman with a rectosigmoid adenocarcinoma treated with different surgeries and radiation therapies. She got radiogenic enterocolitis treated with oral ethyl morphine during 30 years. In 2010, this drug was withdrawn and the patient consented to off-label treatment with oral immediate-release morphine chlorhydrate. The starting dose was low and increased progressively every two weeks. From April 2012 until April 2013, the dose remained between 20 to 30 mg per day according to the constipation. The patient had good response and tolerance with no side effects. This case report shows steady efficacy in an off-label treatment with oral immediate-release morphine chlorhydrate in radiogenic enterocolitis


The purpose of this study was to look into the negative effects of the fungus chytrid as a microorganism. The research question was whether these organisms could be separated from eukaryotic life such as plants. The method involved using terbinafine as a treatment for fungal infections. The process consisted of adding antifungal granules to the source of the infestation. The result showed a terbinae with a volume of 10g and a concentration of 1% w/w that effectively separated the fungi from the plant. It concluded the active content of terbinafine was the hydrochloride addition of hydrogen to a chytrid fungus


The results reported by Chorba et al. (1) on the absence of antibody to HTLV-I p 24 in the serum of Austrian and US hemophilia patients have been interpreted by the authors as an indication of the lack of easy transmissibility of HTLV-I in factor VIII or IX concentrates. Since this conclusion has obvious important implications, we wish to present our findings which are at variance with those of Chorba et &1., and therefore may contribute to a better understanding of the problem. As a part of a larger study, we investigated the prevalence of HTLV-III and HTLV-I antibodies in serum of hemophiliacs from the North Eastern part of Italy, mainly from the Veneto Region. Both ELISA and Western blot assays were employed using disrupted virus as antigen. Among LIz patients (all but two with no signs of AIDS or LAS), 4 were seropositive for HTLV-I antibodies; a fifth patient with Factor X Friuli abnormality was also positive (2). Details of viral proteins detected in Western blot as well as the HTLV-III antibody status of these patients are given in the Thble. It is interesting to notice that the major HTLV-I component evidenced is the p 19, the p 24 being detected as strong reaction


The observation of GW170817 in both gravitational and electromagnetic waves provides a number of unique tests of general relativity. One question we can answer with this event is: do large-wavelength gravitational waves and short-frequency photons experience the same number of spacetime dimensions? In models that include additional non-compact spacetime dimensions, as the gravitational waves propagate, they "leak" into the extra dimensions, leading to a reduction in the amplitude of the observed gravitational waves, and a commensurate systematic error in the inferred distance to the gravitational wave source. Electromagnetic waves would remain unaffected. We compare the inferred distance to GW170817 from the observation of gravitational waves, dLGW, with the inferred distance to the electromagnetic counterpart NGC 4993, dLEM. We constrain dLGW = (dLEM/Mpc)γ with γ = 1.01+0.04−0.05 (for the SHoES value of H0) or γ = 0.99+0.03−0.05 (for the Planck value of H0), where all values are MAP and minimal 68% credible intervals. These constraints imply that gravitational waves propagate in D=3+1 spacetime dimensions, as expected in general relativity. In particular, we find that D = 4.02+0.07−0.10 (SHoES) and D = 3.98+0.07−0.09 (Planck). Furthermore, we place limits on the screening scale for theories with D>4 spacetime dimensions, finding that the screening scale must be greater than ∼ 20 Mpc. We also place a lower limit on the lifetime of the graviton of t > 4.50 × 108 yr.


The effect on herbage intake of feeding energy-rich supplements to weaner sheep during periods of summer drought was examined in two field studies in a Mediterranean environment. The total intake of digestible energy (DE) and of dry matter (DM) by each sheep was also measured, and the relation of DE intake to body weight, body weight change, and wool production was studied under these supplementary feeding regimes. In both experiments the sheep grazed sown pastures which provided low quality mature herbage (DM digestibility 45-49 %) in plentiful amounts (> 800 kg DM/acre). A new method of estimating herbage digestibility based on direct weighings of the animal before and after a period of restricted grazing, was used in one experiment. The estimate of DM intake by this method was less by 5% than the value derived from a regression equation based on faecal nitrogen concentration. The results of the two studies were in good agreement. For each 100 g supplement (up to levels of 400 g DM/day) the intake of herbage decreased by 65-69 g. The daily digestible energy intake needed to maintain wool-free body weight was 176 kcalDE/kg W0.75 (equivalent to about 144 kcal metabolizable energy/kg W0.75). This value is substantially higher than the results recorded for pen-feeding experiments but is comparable with other results recorded for the grazing sheep. The production of each additional gram of clean wool was associated with an increased intake of 52 g digestible DM (230 kcal DE). However, because herbage intake was reduced when a supplement was fed, it was in fact necessary to provide 86 g DE as a supplement (i.e. 65 % more than is indicated by the previous value) in order to produce an additional gram of clean wool.


In the past two decades, the study of discourse has become an important theoretical perspective for those concerned with the study of learning in social settings. Discourse analysis approaches have been developed to examine ways in which knowledge is socially constructed in classrooms and other educational settings. By studying discursive activity within classrooms and other social settings, researchers have provided new insights into the complex and dynamic relationships among discourse, social practices, and learning. Specifically, this body of work has provided understandings of the ways in which opportunities for learning are constructed across time, groups, and events; how knowledge constructed in classrooms (and other educational settings) shapes, and is shaped by, the discursive activity and social practices of members; patterns of practice simultaneosuly support and constrain access to the academic content of the "official" curriculum; and how opportunities for learning are influenced by the actions of actors beyond classroom settings (e.g., school districts, book publishers, curriculum developers, legislators, and community members) (for recent syntheses and conceptual analyses, see Hicks, 1995; Luke, 1995). Discourse analysis approaches used to examine such educational issues draw on discourse theories and methods developed in other disciplines (e.g., applied linguistics, law, literary studies, psychology, sociolinguistics, and sociology, among others) (see van Dijk, 1985, for a comprehensive look at the issue of discourse theory and method across disciplines, including education). However, educational researchers have not merely taken up and applied existing approaches. They have also contributed to the development of discourse theories and methods as they have adopted and adapted existing approaches and constructed new approaches to address questions of importance to education as a discipline. Given the complex and continuing nature of life in classrooms and other educational settings, educational researchers often combine discourse analysis with ethnographic approaches to examine questions of what counts as learning in a local setting, how and when learning occurs, and how what is learned at one point in time becomes a sociocultural resource for future learning for both the group and the individual. Through this combined approach, educational researchers are able to examine how educational processes and practices are constructed across time by


95% of the causes of climate change (CC), according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), are rooted from human activities. Raising community awareness is, thus, the primary solution to the issue. This research aims to develop communication programs to raise public awareness of CC, a case study in Thuan An District. The context, object properties, information gaps, and communication demand, etc. have been surveyed and documented. Thereby, the CC communication programs were proposed, including: objectives, messages, media, and compatible communication activities, etc. The communication materials (manuals, posters, training books, etc.) were also compiled accordingly. This model can be expanded in other areas, contributing to improvement of managers' awareness and management capacity, and then being more proactive in coping to the current situation of CC in the province.


Background: Since the beginning of the 1980s, researchers have been raising concerns that surveys underestimated nonresident fatherhood due to sampling and questionnaire effects. Consequently, federal data collection efforts focused resources on reports from custodial mothers rather than from nonresident fathers. Recent data from three national sources provide researchers with an opportunity to estimate the prevalence of nonresident fathers. Objective: Our goals were to provide estimates of contemporary nonresident fatherhood and of formal child support payments in the U.S., and to examine the consistency of these estimates across surveys. Methods: We presented descriptive results for the proportion of men (aged 15-44) who reported having a nonresident child, and the proportion of nonresident fathers who reported having provided some formal support in the last year, using three nationally representative surveys: the Current Population Survey (CPS), the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), and the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG). Results: The NSFG produced higher estimates of nonresident fatherhood, whereas both the CPS and the SIPP produced lower estimates of nonresident fatherhood. The findings on the composition of the nonresident father population by race/ethnicity and educational attainment also differed across the surveys. The results further demonstrated that the nonresident fathers identified in the NSFG were less likely to have been providing formal support, and that the racial/ethnic and educational differences found in the provision of formal support varied across the surveys. Conclusions: Three nationally representative U.S. surveys produced substantively different estimates of the nonresident father population, and of the extent to which these fathers were providing formal child support. Ultimately, this study illustrates that we lack robust estimates of nonresident fatherhood in the U.S.


An A4 page width and 300 dot/inch hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin film transistor (a- Si:H TFT) driven contact image sensor which can read more than 128 gray levels has been developed. Crosstalk due to the coupling between data lines in the multiplex circuit has prevented high gray scale reading. In order to eliminate crosstalk, a sensor with a new multiplex structure has been developed with a ground mesh shield layer inserted at the crossover points between each data line. The ground mesh shield pattern was designed to optimize the gray scale reproduction ratio R. With this sensor, R is more than 0.992 for a single bit, thus achieving 128 levels of gray. This design was compared to the performance of two other sensors, one without a ground mesh shield, the other using a data line meander pattern. This technology is also applicable to higher performance image sensors with greater than 400 dot/inch resolution.


[14, p. 95.] Let the graph of y = of be drawn and all trace of the y axis, a, and the unit used be removed. Taking an arbitrary position for new y axis, it is readily seen that the graph has for equation y = b where b is the value of y when x = l, the new unit being the value of y when x = 0. The graph manifestly has unit slope at some point. Take the origin below this point and denote the corresponding value of b by e. Measurement of the ordinate where x=\ gives e = 2'7, and from the definition of a tangent it follows that Lt(e*-l)jx = \.


Several mathematical models have been proposed for recognizing face images with age variations. However, effect of change in body-weight is also an interesting covariate that has not been much explored. This paper presents a novel approach to incorporate the weight variations during feature learning process. In a deep learning architecture, we propose incorporating the body-weight in terms of a regularization function which helps in learning the latent variables representative of different weight categories. The formulation has been proposed for both Autoencoder and Deep Boltzmann Machine. On extended WIT database of 200 subjects, the comparison with a commercial system and an existing algorithm show that the proposed algorithm outperforms them by more than 9% at rank-10 identification accuracy.


A unique ring system of bicyclo[7.3.0]dodecadienediyne in neocarzinostatin chromophore has been recognized to be responsible for the antitumor activities of the antibiotic neocazinostatin. Nakatani et al.' became interested in the synthesis of stereo-defined acyclic dienendiyne systems which are closely related to the neocarzinostatin chromophore because the systems were expected to show comparable biological activities to that of neocarzinostatin. The optically active acetylene is an essential part of the systems, but two stereoisomers (II) were obtained by reaction of ketone (I) with lithium trimethylsilylacetylide or lithium acetylene (Fig. 1). Although the ketone was prepared from D-isoascorbic acid, usual spectroscopic methods could not distinguish the absolute configurations of the asterisked carbon atoms in the two isomers. The present X-ray analysis was carried out to determine unequivocally the absolute configuration of the isomer which is more polar. A colorless prism crystal (0.3X0.3X0.3 mm) was obtained from an acetone solution. The crystal and experimental data are given in Table 1. The intensity data were measured with graphite-monochromated Cu Ka radiation using an w-20 scan up to 201500.


This paper addresses the problem of the origin of majority and minority carriers' substrate currents in MOS devices. In particular, we present a critical analysis of published and original tunneling experiments by means of a novel, physically based model of impact ionization and hot carrier photon emission and re-absorption in the substrate. The model explains some relevant features of substrate minority carrier currents in saturated nMOSFETs, and provides a better understanding of the origin of substrate currents in tunneling MOS capacitors.


In several studies a change in bacterial spectrum of neonatal septicemia has been reported ( 1 4 ) . In a previous study we have described major changes of bacterial colonisation in newborn infants during and after antibiotic treatment (5 ) . In this investigation, we compared the bacterial etiology of late-onset septicemia according to whether or not prior antibiotic treatment had been given.


PFETs with embedded-eSiGe S/D are demonstrated for the first time on rotated wafers with <100> channels. Improved short-channel behavior is achieved. The performance variation is reduced because hole mobility is less sensitive to both transverse and longitudinal stress. Hence, embedded SiGe on rotated wafers have improved robustness for short-channel pFETs.


Recent theories of the self propose that interoception - the conscious and unconscious processing of signals originating from within the body – has an essential role in bodily self-consciousness, the basic sense of self that is rooted in the body. Furthermore, the processing of signals from within the body is thought to affect emotion, behaviour, cognition and social cognition. The aim of this thesis was to investigate if individuals with autism, a developmental condition historically described as a disorder of self, show differences in interoceptive processing and an altered bodily self, and investigated if these are related to deficits in the understanding of self and others. Experiment one investigated interoceptive processing on three dimensions, and found that participants with autism had lower interoceptive sensibility, lower interoceptive accuracy and a less pronounced heartbeat evoked potential. Experiments two and three investigated the relationship of interoceptive processing with alexithymia and empathy, and differences in automatic mimicry. These experiments found that autistic traits, interoceptive sensibility, alexithymia and empathy were associated, and that alexithymia played a mediating role in the relationship between interoception and empathy. This could explain why participants with autism and alexithymia had lower empathy than participants without autism, and lower than autistic participants without alexithymia. Experiment four investigated bodily self-consciousness with two multisensory paradigms – the full body illusion and an audio-tactile peripersonal space task. This experiment found that in contrast to neurotypical participants, participants with autism were not susceptible to the full body illusion, and that their peripersonal space was smaller with a sharper boundary. In conclusion, these results show that participants with autism show reduced interoceptive processing and altered bodily self-consciousness. There was additional evidence that bodily self-consciousness underlies deficits in the understanding of own emotions and the emotions of others. How this furthers our understanding of core characteristics of autism at a theoretical level is discussed.


Forest harvesting alters microclimate and structure, which may affect amphibians directly, as well as affect the abundance, diversity and/or availability of amphibian prey. As a result, the foraging efficiency of amphibians in harvested areas may be reduced, lowering body condition, and perhaps survival. I experimentally tested the hypotheses that: 1) body condition would be lower in clearcuts than forested sites; and 2) salamanders would be food limited in clearcuts but not in forest, and food addition to clearcut enclosures would improve body condition, while food addition to forest enclosures would have no effect. We used 24 large-scale field enclosures in a randomized split-plot block design (3 blocks) with forest type (1 clearcut and 1 forest site in each block) and food level (supplemental mealworms, ambient) as factors to examine the effects on growth and survival of adult and juvenile northwestern salamanders. In trial one, which started in October 2003, each of the 24 enclosures received 14 marked and measured juveniles. Juveniles were recaptured and remeasured in April/May 2004. In trial two, each of the enclosures received 7 marked and measured adult salamanders in May 2004, and adults were recaptured and remeasured in October/November 2004. Mealworms were added weekly to half the enclosures at each site. We used an analysis of variance to test for differences between clearcut and forest, supplemental food and ambient food, and any interactions on the weight change of animals and on the proportional survival for each enclosure. We found no significant effect of forest type or food level on growth of juveniles or adults, or on proportion of juveniles recaptured at the end of the experiment. However, for adults, there was a significant effect of forest type on the proportion recaptured (p < 0.001), with fewer animals recaptured in clearcut enclosures. These results indicate that clearcuts may provide unsuitable habitat for salamanders during summer in the Pacific Northwest, but not during winter. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ii TABLE OF CONTENTS iii LIST OF TABLES v LIST OF FIGURES vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS x INTRODUCTION 1 METHODS 5 Study Animal 5 Study Area 6 Enclosure Design 7 Food Addition Treatment 9 Determination of Salamander Density for Enclosures 10 Collection of Study Animals 10 Enclosure Assignment, Marking and Measurements 11 Juvenile Experiment 12 Adult Experiment 13 Invertebrate Sampling 14 Environmental Variables 14 Data Analysis 16 RESULTS 17 Environmental Variables 17 Juvenile Experiment 17 Adult Experiment 18 Juvenile Experiment 20 Proportion Recaptured (Survival) 20 Weight Change (Growth) 23 Adult Experiment 25 Proportion Recaptured (Survival) 25 Weight Change (Growth) 28 Invertebrate Sampling 30 Juvenile Experiment 30 Adult Experiment 33 DISCUSSION 35 Juvenile Experiment Winter Conditions 36 Adult Experiment Summer Conditions 37 Relation to Invertebrate Sampling Results 39 Comparisons with Previous Studies 40 Unanswered Questions and Limitations 42


Short-term load forecasting (STLF) is crucial for intelligent energy and power scheduling. The time series of power load exhibits high volatility and complexity in its components (typically seasonality, trend, and residuals), which makes forecasting a challenge. To reduce the volatility of the power load sequence and fully explore the important information within it, a three-stage short-term power load forecasting model based on CEEMDAN-TGA is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the power load dataset is divided into the following three stages: historical data, prediction data, and the target stage. The CEEMDAN (complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise) decomposition is applied to the first- and second-stage load sequences, and the reconstructed intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) are classified based on their permutation entropies to obtain the error for the second stage. After that, the TCN (temporal convolutional network), GRU (gated recurrent unit), and attention mechanism are combined in the TGA model to predict the errors for the third stage. The third-stage power load sequence is predicted by employing the TGA model in conjunction with the extracted trend features from the first and second stages, as well as the seasonal impact features. Finally, it is merged with the error term. The experimental results show that the forecast performance of the three-stage forecasting model based on CEEMDAN-TGA is superior to those of the TCN-GRU and TCN-GRU-Attention models, with a reduction of 42.77% in MAE, 46.37% in RMSE, and 45.0% in MAPE. In addition, the R2 could be increased to 0.98. It is evident that utilizing CEEMDAN for load sequence decomposition reduces volatility, and the combination of the TCN and the attention mechanism enhances the ability of GRU to capture important information features and assign them higher weights. The three-stage approach not only predicts the errors in the target load sequence, but also extracts trend features from historical load sequences, resulting in a better overall performance compared to the TCN-GRU and TCN-GRU-Attention models.


The triangulation of a point-visible (star-shaped) polygon cannot be performed trivially if its kernel does not share a vertex with the polygon. The paper presents a triangulation algorithm that exploits point-and strong edge-visibility. It is through these two properties that the authors are able to triangulate in linear time. After classifying simple polygons by visibility, the authors show that strongly edge-visible polygons can be triangulated in linear time. A point-visible polygon is transformed into a strongly edge-visible polygon by the following steps: partitioning with a ray, partially triangulating both partitions, merging the two remaining polygons, and showing that the merged polygon is a strongly edge-visible polygon


Magnetic field is an ubiquitous environmental factor, but its impact on the micro-organisms is not clear. We employed dynamic magnetic field (DMF)by self-conducted apparatuses which based on the Superconducting Magne(ttreat group)and the Geomagnetic field(control group)to dispose the mode strains (Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhimurium),compared the physiological and biochemical indicators (including the growth curve,the enzyme activity etc.) between the two groups,to study the impact of dynamic magnetic field to these two microorganisms. The results showed that DMF affect the growth of both strains significantly. Logarithmic phase of treated Bacillus subtilis came earlier. In the decline phase, death rate of bacterial was restrained,alkaline protease activity increased,neutral proteinase activity decreased whereas protein expression showed no difference. The logarithmic phase of the treated Salmonella typhimurium was delayed. The death rate of bacterial was also restrained. Bacterial adhesion and invasion of the experiments revealed that the bacterial virulence enhanced relatively. The results above indicated that DMF has impact on bacteria, but the impact varies according to their types.


The image forming apparatus is connected to the device and a wireless communication method, and receives image forming data from the connected device, and adjusting the priority of the image forming data received from the device according to the method associated with the type or the device in the device, and the adjusted image based on the priority of the data forming method for image forming the image forming data is disclosed.


Images and videos help describe a high-risk coronary intervention of an elongated and extremely tortuous LIMA graft to the LAD. LIMA had a complete 360° loop at the mid segment, followed by severe tortuosity and a subtotal occlusion at the anastomosis.


There have been dramatic changes in workforce demographics over the past few decades affecting employment relation. As a result, flexible work pattern became a common initiative used by organizations globally in response to various challenges faced in demanding industries like the banking sector. Despite the efforts of management to facilitate quality life, concerns regarding how this practice contributes to greater commitment remain worrisome. Descriptive approach was used and the target respondents comprises purposively selected commercial banks staff in Lagos state. Data collected were through the use of questionnaire and analysed through a variance-based model. Findings revealed that the strongest predictor of flexible work pattern initiatives is flex location specifically telecommuting, followed by flexitime which comprises of the use of shifting swaps, flex-hours and compressed work weeks while flexitime-off had the least.


Hardin's now classic "tragedy of the commons" would appear to be unfolding on the high seas today. We are depleting living marine resources faster than nature can restore them. Seamounts that are biological hotspots providing habitat to discrete fish stocks such as the valuable orange roughy are under threat. With their promise of untold biological and marine genetic riches, deep-sea hydrothermal vents are at risk from unregulated exploitation. In the quest to tackle the apocalyptic threat of unmitigated climate change, the oceans are regarded as open laboratories to be used for large-scale geo-engineering projects. The challenge of protecting the high seas is complex and, according to scientific reports, necessary. The legal regime of the high seas is a foundational issue for the law of the sea. The Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III) brought significant changes to the then-existing high seas regime by expanding the maximum breadth of the territorial sea to 12 nautical miles (nm). Most significant was the creation of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ), an entirely new maritime zone that extended coastal state sovereignty rights up to 200nm beyond the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured. The high seas area was further reduced with the new regime of the Common Heritage of Mankind (CMH) for mineral resources in the deep seabed and ocean floor and subsoil beyond national jurisdiction, known as "the Area." The common thread in extending the reach of national jurisdiction was to give coastal states greater control to conserve and manage valuable resources of the seas and to protect the marine environment from the increasing threats caused by human activities. The CHM was driven by the demands for equitable access by developing countries to the rich mineral resources of the deep seabed and ocean floor beyond national jurisdiction. Thirty years later, new challenges for the high seas have emerged in addition to the old ones left unresolved. Challenges include the protection of discrete high seas fish stocks; vulnerable deep-sea marine habitat and biodiversity found in high seas seamounts; hydrothermal vents and cold-water coral reefs; regulation of high seas marine genetic resources and marine bio-prospecting activities; marine scientific research activities; marine debris; underwater noise pollution; invasive species; offshore oil activities; adverse impacts of climate change, including unregulated geo-engineering activities; carbon dioxide sequestration; and more.


Recent and ongoing improvements make the concentrated solar thermal power (CSP) as one of the promising sources to replace fossil fuel based power plants. CSP plants are already commercially being exploited in some countries such as Spain and USA. Australia is also expecting increasing penetration of CSP in near future in order to meet the renewable energy target of 20% by 2020. Among the states and territories of Australia, Queensland is one of the promising states for the large-scale deployment of CSP plants. In such a case, it is important to analyze the performance of different CSP technologies in Queensland's climatic condition. Therefore, this paper compares the performance of four available large-scale CSP technologies at some potential sites for CSP deployment in Queensland. The aim of this paper is to report the performance of these technologies by means of output analysis. The effects of different design parameters on the performance are also analyzed and reported in this paper.


Federally qualified health centers and rural health clinics can now be paid by Medicare for providing care coordination services similar to the complex chronic care management services for which physician offices have been billing the federal health plan since 2017.

The change, part of the 2018


Abstract Silicon and germanium alloys have been formed for the first time by heating powdered mixtures of 75%Si and 25%Ge in just 2 min in the H field in a single mode 2˙45 GHz microwave cavity. As is well known, alloy formation in conventionally heated silicon–germanium mixtures is difficult, even when processed for much longer time durations at the same temperature. Further, any oxide contaminants, if present in the starting material or formed during heating, somehow, appear on the surface of the specimen after microwave treatment.


In this study, the role of social work was evaluated within the framework of current developments in community mental health services in Turkey. In this sense, "The National Mental Health Policy", "National Mental Health Action Plan" and articles regarding psychiatry was read from the perspective of social work. The questions such as "what are the deficiencies for provision of social work in the field of mental health in Turkey", a nd "what kind of position can social work take in the process of transition to community-based mental health system in Turkey" were questionized. n this perspective, studies in the field of mental health in Turkey about the necessity of protective-preventive services, informing, strengthening and fight against stigmatization have been mentioned. In the conclusion part, the necessity of teamwork and inter-agency coordination was emphasized for the development of social work in the field of mental health. In addition to this, it is pointed out that the necessity of specialized social work education and profession codes in the field of mental health are urgency.


Abstract This paper is a product of serendipity. It explores how wardbased psychiatric nurses in one Special Hospital attribute the notion of 'evil' to deviant activities. Staff were asked to read and make comments about a series of vignettes, abbreviated offence scenarios, from which emerged the construction of a taxonomic order of evil. These explanations of evil were then juxtaposed alongside their counterparts from theodicy. Deviancy attributed to extreme psychoticism is not credited with being an evil act, such individuals having a primordial contract of innocence. In contrast, extreme crimes committed by those with a psychopathic disorder are considered evil. An evil act is seen to be one which transgresses a 'natural boundary'; the product of purposeful action after the accumulation of stages of 'reality testing'; and, finally, a consequence of the extinction of moral bonding leading to residual instinctive behaviour.


Foreword, by Betsy GotbaumPreface, by Margaret HeilbrunBiographical Time LineIntroduction, by Hugh Hardy1. Cass Gilbert in Practice, 1882-1934, by Sharon Irish2. From Sketch to Architecture: Drawings in the Cass Gilbert Office, by Mary Beth Betts3. Cass Gilbert: Twelve Projects, by Mary Beth Betts4. The Architect as Planner: Cass Gilbert's Responses to Historic Open Space, by Barbara S. Christen5. Cass Gilbert's Skyscrapers in New York: The Twentieth-Century City and the Urban Picturesque, by Gail FenskeContributors


Formal code inspections are employed by teams of professional software engineers to identify software defects and improve the quality of software. After reviewing a piece of code individually, members of an inspection team come together to log the issues they have found, and to find new ones. Within the scope of a multi-institutional research project to adapt, refine, and evaluate studio-based learning methods in computing education, we are developing an adaptation of the formal code inspection called the pedagogical code review for use in lower-division computer science courses. In a pedagogical code review, a group of three to four students, led by a trained moderator, (a) walk through segments of each other's programming assignments, (b) check the code against a list of best coding practices, and (c) discuss and log issues that arise. We implemented pedagogical code inspections in three lab sessions of a CS 1 course. Through an analysis of inspection logs and exit surveys, we compiled evidence that the reviews improved the quality of students' code, stimulated increasingly sophisticated discussions of programming issues and practices, and promoted a sense of community.


The present invention, but applying a first drive signal and second drive signal respectively to at least two drive signal electrode among the plurality of driving signal electrodes at the same time, the second and the first drive signal in the first section and the second section the second drive signal are each a plurality of pulses, and the first and a plurality of pulses of the second drive signal a first time period and a plurality of pulses with different applied driving signal supply unit and the first interval of the first drive signal in one period of the second section 2 to provide a plurality of the plurality of nodes the capacitor of the at least two nodes detection receiving detection signal containing information on the capacitance of the capacitor signal touch panel input apparatus comprising: a and its input detection method from the detection signal electrode in the interval .


Among the hereditary physicians, successors to the leeches caring for the Gaelic princes in olden times, the Dunlevys served the O'Donnells in Donegal. In the 20th century this old tradition was not lost. Two sons and two daughters of the five children born to Margaret and George Dunlevy (a grocer on Main Street, Mountcharles in county Donegal) entered the medical profession. In the saintly way that names were bestowed in profusion, the younger girl born on 13th August 1909 was burdened with Bridget Margaret Mary, softened to Pearl during her childhood (Figure 1).

Fig 1

Dr Margaret Dunlevy (1909-2002)

Pearl studied Medicine at the Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin, graduating with First Class Honours in 1932. Female graduates found it difficult, if not impossible, to get postgraduate training in Ireland, and Pearl became house surgeon in the Eye Hospital in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, house physician in the General Hospital in Nuneaton, resident house officer at the Children's Hospital at Birmingham and, later, at Sydenham in London and the Orthopaedic Hospital at Standon in Staffordshire.

In 1935 she returned to Ireland as Assistant County Medical Officer in her native county before appointment in 1937 as Assistant in the School Medical Service in Dublin. With the reorganisation of the health service in 1970 she became Deputy Chief Medical Officer of the Eastern Health Board, where she continued until her retirement in September/October 1976.

For all its fresh air and bright sunshine, Dublin was not a healthy city in 1937. Its death rate from tuberculosis was twice that of major cities in the neighbouring isle, still suffering from economic depression after the Great War of 1914-1918. In 1935 the Dublin tuberculosis death rate was 1.3 per thousand population, and in Ireland it had risen to 1.63 per thousand by 1945. Very young children suffered disproportionately: of the 827 deaths in Dublin's population of 500,000, 123 were of children under 14 years of age, and two-thirds of this group were infants under 2 years suffering the invariably fatal tuberculous meningitis (Dunlevy, 1948).1

After a spell as resident medical officer in Crooksling Sanatorium in rural county Dublin, Dr Dunlevy moved to the city to work in the Collier Tuberculosis Dispensary, Charles Street West, Dublin 1. Parents were loath to bring children into this building, crowded as it was with cases of open tuberculosis. Dr Morgan Crowe (1907-1993), acting City Medical Officer of Health, inaugurated a Primary Tuberculosis Clinic. To begin, one session a week was held, though unwelcome, at the Carnegie Trust Child Welfare Centre, Lord Edward Street, Dublin 2. Numbers soared and, with Dr Crowe's assistance, a new location was found in 1949 at 6 Clarendon Row, now part of the Conservatory of Music and Drama, Dublin 2 (Figure 2).

Fig 2

The building provided from 1949 for Dr Dunlevy's Primary Tuberculosis Clinic for children, at 6 Clarendon Row in Dublin

From the Clinic's inception, Dr Dunlevy kept records in her patients' charts that would have done credit to Laennec, and her assistants were trained to do the same. The records over the first three years of operation enabled her to review the results from 1945 to 1947 in 1,264 children infected with primary tuberculosis (Table 2). 1

TABLE 2

Ages of Children attending Clinic and Deaths in Dublin in the period 1945-1947

A tuberculin test, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, gastric lavage and chest radiograph were performed before supervision (or hospitalisation, if necessary and available) of the cases began. Nutritional supplementation was necessary in some cases: of the 1,264 children, 472 came from families with an income of less than 10 shillings per head per week. 182 of the children each came from a family existing in one room in a tenement house, the abode of 24% of the city's population at that time. The sources of infection were traced to 611 open cases, nearly all within the family, one in three being the mother.

Particular attention was paid to alerting signs. Erythema nodosum was seen in only 32 of the 1,264 children: in every case the patient or the parent was carefully questioned. This low frequency of 2.5% in children up to 14 years of age was consistent with the general experience that this allergic manifestation occurred more frequently in older age groups (e.g. in Scandinavia, contemporary records showed a sharp maximum at 20-25 years).2 The 32 cases (only one of them was under 5 years of age) comprised 20 girls and 12 boys, an unusually high male ratio. On average, the nodes were seen one to three months before radiological evidence.

Phlyctenular conjunctivitis was observed in 64 children, 38 girls and 26 boys, all of them tuberculin positive. In the vast majority (57 of the 64 cases) radiological signs indicated healing. The phlycten was present in only 5 cases before radiological evidence of disease, suggesting that phlyctens might be indicators of healing. Social conditions of the families were definitely poor, with substandard income or unemployment and dire living conditions – in 16 instances the family lived in one room. Yet, in spite of the penury, no deaths occurred in the 64 cases with phlyctens.

Over three years the number of progressions to adult phthisis was 29, but many of these were tertiary cases when they came under initial observation: tubercle bacilli were found in the sputum of 15, and after gastric lavage in another 8 children. Six of the sputum-positive cases died. One case became sputum-negative and calcification was noted in the primary focus.

The value of radiological examination of the lungs in primary infection lies in serial observation, even though early lesions may not be detectable: a lateral as well as an anteroposterior view is imperative. Of itself, primary infection is not the cause of death: miliary tuberculosis and meningitis (indicative of blood-borne infection) are the death-dealers. Progression and spread of disease can be monitored by the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), but caution is advisable for an increased ESR may indicate the presence of a septic focus or a tuberculous lesion elsewhere (in bone, a joint, or abdominal or cervical lymph nodes). Rest, for a year at least, was the keynote of treatment, at home or in hospital. Theo Dillon (1898-1946) calculated that one hospital bed should be provided for every four cases of primary disease.3

In 1947 Dorothy Price (1890-1954), author of 'Tuberculosis in Childhood' 4, advised Dunlevy to visit Scandinavia. There she came under the spell of Johannes Holm (1902-1990), Chief of the Tuberculosis Division of the State Institute in Copenhagen. Holm had advised the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), and Pearl accepted that an ounce of prevention was better than a ton of therapy. And so Dublin became the first city in these islands to have a BCG service. That was a programme of immunisation using the Bacille Calmette-Guerin, supplied weekly (by air) from Copenhagen. Schools were visited for tuberculin testing of 10-14-year-olds (Table 1), and 72 hours later BCG was administered to tuberculin-negative children. On account of the prevalence of tuberculosis in the city, the Masters of the Coombe and Rotunda Hospitals permitted immunisation of neonates. Younger children were more vulnerable than older (Table 2), but over the first ten years (1947-1957) the death rate from tuberculosis fell rapidly (Table 3).

TABLE 1

Proportion (%) of 13-years-old Children found to be Tuberculin-Positive in 1959

TABLE 3

Deaths from Childhood (0-15 years) Tuberculosis in Dublin City

When tuberculosis faded as a major problem, Dr Dunlevy broadened the scope of her preventive programme. She promoted diphtheria immunisation and again led the way when a vaccine was found for acute anterior poliomyelitis. When some birth defects were recognised to be consequences of infection by rubella during pregnancy she turned her attention to the epidemiology and control of that fever. Her ability to understand infectious diseases and to organise suitable programmes of intervention was outstanding, but she was not above learning – she set off on a postgraduate course on tuberculosis in the International Children's Centre in Paris in 1954.

She died on the 3rd of June in 2002. Donegal's loss was Dublin's gain.


This article presents obligatory control constructions in San Martín Peras Mixtec, a language in which PRO must be exponed with an overt pronoun. I propose a morphological analysis of this phenomenon in which this language lacks a null allomorph for bound minimal pronouns (Kratzer 2009, Safir 2014, Landau 2015, 2018), posited to underlie silent PRO in other languages. This suggests that null exponence ought not be ontologically tethered to PRO's distribution or interpretation, but can rather be reduced to the routine functions of language-specific contextual allomorphy.


Surface coating is the application of decorative or protective materials in liquid or powder form to substrates. These coatings normally include conventional solvent-based paints, varnishes, lacquers and water-based paints. Emissions of NMVOC occur in paint application operations because of evaporation of the solvent used in order to thin paints at the coating facilities or used for equipment cleaning. All unrecovered solvents can be considered as potential emissions. The major factor affecting these emissions is the amount of volatile matter contained in the paint. After application of coating by a variety of methods, the surface is air or heat dried to remove the volatile solvents from the coated surface. [3]


A formula for the threshold energy of a four-level-system laser in Tm3+ doped fluoride glass is derived. The formula contains the parameters of the interaction between the ions and the up-conversion rate of the pump-light. It is discussed that the Tb3+ ions and the up-conversion pump-light have an influence on the laser performance of Tm3+ ions around 1.47μm wavelength. We draw the following two conclusions. (1) The laser threshold descends obviously due to the doping of Tb3+ ions, but the descending gradually flattens out with the increase of the content of Tb3+ ions. Its suitable content is (1–2)×1020cm−3. (2) When pump-lights both from the up-conversion and from the ground state excite simultaneously the single-doped Tm3+ ions, the threshold energy can reduce and the output energy can increase. In this paper, the energy conversion efficiency from the up-conversion pump-light to the output energy of laser is estimated.


The porous carbon structures (sorbent) with a density of 1.4 g/cm3 are of most interest compared with existing porous carbon structures. This interest can be explained the technology of synthesis such structures. This technology allows to change the pore size in the sorbent leaving a constant concentration of the particles. Investigation of mechanical properties of sorbents allows choosing the synthesis conditions of the sorbent and its parameters so that it was possible to filter the heavy particles moving at high speed. Therefore, the aim of this work is to study the mechanical strength of the porous carbon materials with a density of 1.4 g/cm3 with different pore sizes. The influence of pore size and form of the sorbent on the adsorption capacity were investigated.


In this article the author talks about the COVID-19 coronavirus stay-at-home orders were issued in March 2020, the future has been difficult to imagine It mentions that the National professional meetings, including ONS Congress, graduations, weddings, funerals, and other events that mark the transition from present to future were canceled


This study considers posting behavior as a cultural practice as enacted with Instagram postings marked by hashtags #fashionkids and #letthekids and examines whether and how the two hashtags reflect two distinct online cultures about childhood. The study is important for two reasons. First, it offers socio-cultural theory to the study of social media and provides researchers with a theory-based method of using Instagram as a data source to detect and study digital cultures. Second, it contributes to the research activities on the phenomena of sharenting and the changing narrative of childhood in domestic contexts. The inquiry included analyses of the scale of a sample of Instagram postings with hashtags of #fashionkids and #letthekids posted in a 12-day period in 2016, geographical locations where the postings were made, searches of words with linguistic functions in captions, and networking strategies. Analysis of the scale, the networking patterns, the verbal accounts, and the geographical locations where the postings happened help inform us about the magnitude and diverse purposes of the hashtags. Overall, the findings underscore greater diversity among #letthekids posts compared to the more focused content of #fashionkids' postings.


A viscosity measurement system for molten semiconductors has been established by adopting an oscillating cup method. The temperature dependence of viscosity for molten GaAs in the temperature range from near the melting point up to 1480 °C was obtained. The viscosity and activation energy of molten GaAs showed a remarkable increase in the vicinity of the melting point (1238 °C). The viscosity of molten GaAs decreases with an increase in temperature above 1320 °C, with an activation energy of about 0.28 eV.


This article is based on a survey of personnel practitioners in Irish organisations, aimed at establishing their role and status within the company for which they worked. The principal findings from the survey suggest that the majority of personnel practitioners are afforded a top management role, and feel that they are heavily involved in strategic planning decisions within their organisations. The major factor which led to differences in the role of personnel was the national origin of the company which owned the site at which these individuals worked.


OBJECTIVE
To study the clinical effect of continuous thoracic close drainage using central venous catheter instead of repeated thoracocentesis in the treatment of tuberculous pleurisy in children.

METHODS
Thirty-nine children with tuberculous pleurisy, who received continuous thoracic close drainage using central venous catheter in addition to conventional antituberculous chemotherapy, were used as the observation group and 42 children with tuberculous pleurisy who underwent repeated thoracocentesis in addition to conventional antituberculous chemotherapy served as the control group. The two groups were compared in terms of time to pleural effusion absorption, improvement in pleural thickening, length of hospital stay, and puncture-related expenses.

RESULTS
Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly faster pleural effusion absorption (8 ± 4 d vs 12 ± 6 d; P < 0.01), significantly more improvement in pleural thickening (1.50 ± 0.25 mm vs 3.10 ± 0.30 mm; P < 0.05), a significantly shorter length of hospital stay (11 ± 3 d vs 18 ± 6 d; P < 0.01), and significantly lower puncture-related expenses (269 ± 24 yuan vs 475 ± 50 yuan; P < 0.05), as well as alleviated pain.

CONCLUSIONS
Continuous thoracic close drainage using central venous catheter is superior to repeated thoracocentesis in the treatment of tuberculous pleurisy in children, and it holds promise for clinical application in pediatric patients.


Ormel et al recently conducted a systematic review is to identify predictors of adherence to exercise interventions in patients with cancer, during and after multimodality cancer treatment. Investigation of the effect of physical activity and exercise may help in better understanding of the impact of these interventions on physical and mental health in cancer survivals. The review includes 15 randomized clinical trials. I wish to comment on some procedures and findings in this review. First, the authors assessed the quality of the included randomized clinical trials using the PEDro scale. A cutoff score of 4 was used to assess the level of evidence. In a randomized clinical trial, a score of 4 or higher was considered to be high quality of evidence, whereas a score of less than 4 was considered to be low quality of evidence. A score of 4 on PEDro is not sufficient to consider high quality of evidence especially for the randomized clinical trials that compared exercise interventions with usual physical exercise, pharmacological intervention, or no interventions. Those articles have better possibility tomatch blinding patients and therapists. The adapting ofmore precise approaches such as GRADE approach is highly required to determine the level of evidence. Second, the inclusion criteria are ambiguous. The authors do not sufficiently follow the PICO format (P: participants, I: intervention, C: comparison, O: outcomes). The authors state the inclusion criteria as adult cancer patients who participated in a physical exercise intervention during or after systemic (neo‐) adjuvant cancer treatment, studies provided outcome of factors predicting exercise intervention adherence, were written in English, and the study design was a RCT. The authors state that the review aims to identify predictors of adherence to exercise interventions in patients with cancer, during and after multimodality cancer treatment. Surprisingly, the inclusion criteria do not demand that the studies compared different types of exercise. The included articles were RCTs that compared the effect of different


Benefit reasons and problems were analysed according to Datong tour resources status quo.Measures and suggestions for development Datong tour were offered.


In this paper, we prove that an n-dimensional closed minimal hypersurface M with Ricci curvature Ric(M) ≥ n 2 of a unit sphere Sn+1(1) is isometric to a Clifford torus if n ≤ S ≤ n + 14(n+4) 9n+30 , where S is the squared norm of the second fundamental form of M .


It is argued against N. G. L. Hammond that the polemarch was the supreme commander of the Athenian forces at Marathon and that the role of Miltiades and his fellow strategoi was subordinate. Appended are not on the marathonian strategoi ; real and fictitious.


Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare skin tumor with an estimated incidence of 0.8 to five cases per 1 million people per year. To our surprise, we'd encountered total 9 cases of DFSP with different presentation in our hospital from November 2009-July 2019. One patient with underlying DFSP presented with intraperitoneal bleeding tumor while another 8 patients were newly diagnosed. The mean patient age at the time of diagnosis were 38.4 years. Sex distribution were male in predominance. The anatomical location of tumor varied. Majority presented clinically with slow growing mass on skin/subcutaneous tissue, one tumor grew on a preceding scar, and 2 patients came with bleeding tumors. The median follow-up duration in this series was 23.6 months. Wide local excision was performed in 6 patients, with half of them reported to have surgical margins involved. Reconstruction of the surgical defect took place primarily in 4 patients and split skin graft in 2 patients.  Adjuvant radiotherapy was offered to 3 patients with surgical margin involved and disease recurrence. Imatinib was given to one patient with metastatic DFSP prior definitive surgery which was successful. There were no local recurrence or death due to the DFSP course at the end of the follow-up.  Final outcome was favorable. Hereby we present the 9 interesting case series.


The drawbacks of conventional letters in visual acuity measurements have been long acknowledged, including the nonuniform discriminability across the letter set and high test–retest variability. Apart from the introduction of the ETDRS chart, surprisingly few alterations have been made to the standard visual acuity test in the last 60 years. Although the Landolt C target, with equal discriminability between different orientations, has been recognized as the gold standard for measuring visual acuity, this stimulus is not ideal for use in the clinical setting, owing in part to the small number of possible alternatives. Furthermore, ''reading the letters on the chart'' is arguably the most familiar test of vision to those undergoing an eye examination. With the advent of novel therapies for conditions such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), what is increasingly needed is a letter chart with lower test–retest variability that does not require a change in task for the patient. Shah et al. propose the clinical use of vanishing optotypes, which may well meet these conditions and possibly provide more accurate measures of underlying functional retinal ganglion cell density than conventional letter stimuli, at least when viewed extrafoveally. These letter targets are pseudo-high-pass, in that they have dark strokes with light edges or vice versa and a mean luminance equal to the surround. Detection and recognition are equal in the fovea; the targets vanish as soon as the recognition limit is reached. The authors measured detection and recognition acuity for conventional and vanishing optotypes in the fovea and at 108 eccentricity in two psychophysically trained healthy individuals, with and without optical blur. The article reports several key findings; while comparable in the fovea, a separation between detection and recognition acuity for ''vanishing'' optotypes became apparent outside the fovea. This, together with a relative robustness of peripheral recognition acuity to optical blur, lends support to the notion that recognition acuity for these targets is sampling limited outside the fovea. Furthermore, and perhaps most important clinically, the authors confirm previous findings that discriminability is more uniform across the entire letter set when low spatial frequency content is removed. They conclude that more repeatable visual acuity measurements may be obtained with vanishing optotypes than with conventional letters. Further experiments are required to explore the performance of vanishing optotypes in naive observers in research and clinical settings, in clinical trials, and in disease, but these initial findings are encouraging for an improvement on current methods without altering the task of the patient.


Invasive alien plants and expanding native species, which have unpredictable but significant effects in ecosystems in many cases, cause huge and rising ecological, socio-economical and human health problems. Key points for precise and timely detection of invasive plants are: (i) history of spreading (vectors, pathways, introduction time etc), (ii) basic taxonomic and biological information, and (iii) distribution and status of the plants. Sorghum halepense is a Mediterranean element, i.e. a native plant of Turkey with impacts on managed and unmanaged areas in native and non-native ranges. However, there is still lack of information on S. halepense in different ecosystems and regions of Turkey. A project has been carried out to (i) map S. halepense at regional level, (ii) determine plant species established community with S. halepense, and (iii) examine factors causing high competitive ability. Thus, data obtained can be used to create a strategy from prevention to containment of S. halepense and, compare and assess behavior of the species in current and prospected invaded regions worldwide. In this paper, data from the Marmara Region of Turkey, where surveys were carried out in 28 different managed and unmanaged ecosystems in 11 provinces is presented.


Lorentzian linewidth of electro-optically tuned multi-channel interference widely tunable laser has been demonstrated to be less than 350 kHz in the entire tuning range. © 2020 The Author(s)


The discussion of methods whereby industrial peace may be conserved is of importance to the public, though many affect to believe that only those directly involved-employers and employed-are much interested. There could be no greater error. Industrial war means waste, and, however successfully society may be wheedled or defrauded of its just share of the bounties of nature, it always pays for the waste. I sometimes think that if economic wastage of every kind could be garnered and distributed among the toilers such questions as child labor and care of the aged would be quickly solved. That much actual and potential wealth is lost through industrial disturbances must be conceded. There is a school which


Objective To investigate the expression of hepatoma-derived growth factor(HDGF)and cyclin D1 proteins in human glioma tissues and their clinical significances.Method The expression of HDGF and cyclin D1 in 9 human normal brain tissues and 55 human glioma tissues were detected by immunohistochemical technique.Result The expression rates of HDGF and cyclin D1 were 74.5%(41 /55)and 63.6%(35 /55)respectively in 55 glioma tissues,and were significantly higher than those in normal brain tissues(3 /9 and 2 /9,P=0.008 and P= 0.024).There were different expression levels of HDGF and cyclin D1 in different grade glimas.The expression level of HDGF and cyclin D1 in high-grade gliomas were higher than that of low-grade gliomas,respectively.There was significant correlation between the expression level of HDGF and cyclin D1(r=0.728,P0.001).Conclusion Both HDGF and cyclin D1 proteins play important roles in the tumorigenesis and development of human glioma.


We present an artificial intelligence framework for vascularity classification of the gallbladder (GB) wall from intraoperative images of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).


We prove some local (in time) wellposedness results for nonlinear Schroedinger equations with rough data, that is, the initial value belongs to some Sobolev space of negative index. The proof uses the Fourier restriction norm method.


This paper used the linear assembly language to re-design program structure and realized the optimization of reading reference samples,filter processing and transfer of cutting algorithm.It avoided the situation of repeating reading reference sample.It demonstrates that the linear assembly code has a notable increase of the clock cycle efficiency,and the optimization is obvious.


Objective To determine the needs of primary healthcare general practice (GP) staff, stakeholders and trainers to inform the adaptation of a locally successful complex intervention (Chlamydia Intervention Randomised Trial (CIRT)) aimed at increasing chlamydia testing within primary healthcare within South West England to three EU countries (Estonia, France and Sweden) and throughout England. Design Qualitative interviews. Setting European primary healthcare in England, France, Sweden and Estonia with a range of chlamydia screening provision in 2013. Participants 45 GP staff, 13 trainers and 18 stakeholders. Interviews The iterative interview schedule explored participants' personal attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural controls around provision of chlamydia testing, sexual health services and training in general practice. Researchers used a common thematic analysis. Results Findings were similar across all countries. Most participants agreed that chlamydia testing and sexual health services should be offered in general practice. There was no culture of GP staff routinely offering opportunistic chlamydia testing or sexual health advice, and due to other priorities, participants reported this would be challenging. All participants indicated that the CIRT workshop covering chlamydia testing and sexual health would be useful if practice based, included all practice staff and action planning, and was adequately resourced. Participants suggested minor adaptations to CIRT to suit their country's health services. Conclusions A common complex intervention can be adapted for use across Europe, despite varied sexual health provision. The intervention (ChlamydiA Testing Training in Europe (CATTE)) should comprise: a staff workshop covering sexual health and chlamydia testing rates and procedures, action planning and patient materials and staff reminders via computer prompts, emails or newsletters, with testing feedback through practice champions. CATTE materials are available at: www.STItraining.eu.


By using density functional theory (DFT) based first-principles calculations, electronic, vibrational, piezoelectric, and optical properties of monoclinic Janus single-layer ${\mathrm{Ga}}_{2}\mathrm{Te}X$ ($X$ = S or Se) are investigated. The dynamical, mechanical, and thermal stability of the proposed Janus single layers are verified by means of phonon bands, stiffness tensor, and quantum molecular dynamics simulations. The calculated vibrational spectrum reveals the either pure or coupled optical phonon branches arising from Ga-Te and Ga-$X$ atoms. In addition to the in-plane anisotropy, single-layer Janus ${\mathrm{Ga}}_{2}\mathrm{Te}X$ exhibits additional out-of-plane asymmetry, which leads to important consequences for its electronic and optical properties. Electronic band dispersions indicate the direct band-gap semiconducting nature of the constructed Janus structures with energy band gaps falling into visible spectrum. Moreover, while orientation-dependent linear-elastic properties of Janus single layers indicate their strong anisotropy, the calculated in-plane stiffness values reveal the ultrasoft nature of the structures. In addition, predicted piezoelectric coefficients show that while there is a strong in-plane anisotropy between piezoelectric constants along armchair (AC) and zigzag (ZZ) directions, there exists a tiny polarization along the out-of-plane direction as a result of the formation of Janus structure. The optical response to electromagnetic radiation has been also analyzed through density functional theory by considering the independent-particle approximation. Finally, the optical spectra of Janus ${\mathrm{Ga}}_{2}\mathrm{Te}X$ structures is investigated and it showed a shift from the ultraviolet region to the visible region. The fact that the spectrum is between these regions will allow it to be used in solar energy and many nanoelectronics applications. The predicted monoclinic single-layer Janus ${\mathrm{Ga}}_{2}\mathrm{Te}X$ are relevant for promising applications in optoelectronics, optical dichroism, and anisotropic nanoelasticity.


The article deals with the problem of revealing the factors, which cause the necessity to reform judiciary and define its content in 1922. The transition to new economic policy strongly requires the ensuring of legitimacy in civil-law relations for all categories of the population.The author comes to the conclusion that changes in the judicial sphere are not caused by the needs of new economic policy, but also by the general weakness of the judiciary.It is necessary to limit the powers of emergency justice, but also toovercome structural and organizational amorphism of the Soviet justice.


The paper,by adopting Bagozzi's attitude model and method of structural equation modeling,develops and tests the frontline employees' service remedial performance forecasting module based on the perspective of frontline employees' perceptions in hospitality industry.The empirical result indicates that 1.The frontline employees' perceptions on empowerment,training,reward and management of customer complaints provided by hotels have positive effect on their job satisfaction.2.Management of customer complaints and empowerment not only indirectly exert positive effect on the service remedial performance through the mediating effect of frontline employees' affective variables(job satisfaction and affective commitment),but also directly forecast their service remedial performance.3.The frontline employees' affective variables are the complete mediating variables that can explain the fact that employees' training and reward positively affect their service remedial performance.4.Job satisfaction directly exerts positive impact on frontline employees' emotional commitment while in the relationship of indirectly positive impact between job satisfaction and service remedial performance,emotional commitment variables have played complete mediating effect.Finally,the paper sums up the theoretical value to the study of service remedy and practical value to the management in hospitality industry.


An article highlighting racist excesses on billboards and publicity material used in the election campaign for the October 2018 Czech local authority elections.


This article analyzes and discusses how to improve medical quality and patient safety with developing regulation,serious technique approval, consultation and management function of multi-committees, addressing general characters, trainingphysician, developing multi level and multi-subject management system, encouraging multi-subject cooperation.


"Folio X documents the exhibition '"Shadow-lands': the suffering image" held at Dennys Lascelles Exhibition Gallery, Alfred Deakin Prime Ministerial Library, Deakin University, Waterfront Campus, Geelong, Victoria, Australia, April 18-May 18, 2012. The project was part and parcel of the author's PhD study, "Visual agency in art and architecture" .... and an experimental representation of the values embedded in the photography and film-essays of Chris Marker..."


In this paper a precise, cost effective and non-invasive body scanning system based on close-range photogrammetry, suitable for applications in medical and biomedical field , has been design and implemented. The system consist of 12 compact digital cameras, mounted on a rigid frame which allow to keep constant the B/H ratio. An high intensity led lighting system, integrated with the rigid frame, ensures a perfect and homogenous illumination of the subject with the minimum encumbrance. A modified firmware was installed on each device, in order to perform the synchronized remote release, driven by a remote control. The data transmission to the computer, is carried out wirelessly through the SD cards in the cameras. Furthermore, a robust internal and external camera calibration process, which allows to increase the performances of the body scanning system in terms of precision of the digital models, has been presented.


Interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) from fetal rats was maintained in Eagle's minimal essential medium for 6–24 h at 37 or 25 °C. Pyruvate kinase (PK), cytoplasmic and mitochondrial α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPK) activities were determined at the start and end of incubation. During prenatal development, the activities of all enzymes, except PK, increased significantly. During incubation at 37 °C, PEPK activity decreased by about 60% in 24 h. The other enzyme activities also fell to a lesser extent. Only the mitochondrial enzyme remained unchanged. Both glucagon and insulin significantly slowed down the fall in PEPK activity. Norepinephrine added every hour for 6 h increased PEPK activity, but only in BAT from fetal rats weighing less than 3.5 g. Incubation at 25 °C largely prevented the decrease in enzyme activities seen at 37 °C. Fetal liver reacted in the opposite way. At 37 °C, PEPK activity increased while at 25 °C it decreased. However, postnatal liver responded to incubation temperature like fetal BAT. It is postulated that the initial level of PEPK (high in fetal BAT and postnatal liver and low in prenatal liver) plays a role in the in vitro response.


Abstract : The development of design principles for constructing atomic warfare shelters for naval shore establishments is descrived. part of this problem is evaluating various systems for protection against nuclear radiation. this report presents the results of an investigation to determine which part of the earth covering a buried shelter is the most important as a radiation shield. the following equations: (1-f) e1(uix) equals e1(uix sec theta) when solved for the critical angle, theta will define the volume of earth which provides the fraction, f, of the total shielding to the shelter system. e1 is the expontial integral; ui is the effective linear absorption coefficient for the shield material; x is the effective shield thickness. computations have been completed for slab and hemisphere geometry for fractions, f, of 0.99 and 0.999. for slab geometry x is equivalent to tm, the thickness of the slab shield. for hemispherical geometry x is equivalent to rm which is the sum of the radius of the hemisphere plus the minimum cover over the arch. in order to preserve the shielding integrity of the shelter system, the shielding volume defined by theta should not be violated by openings of any sort such as vents, ducts, and entranceways.


Objective To discuss on the diagnose value of supersonic inspection in acute appendicitis.Methods To analyse retrospectively the supersonics,operations and pathological materials from 67 cases of patients with acute appendices. Results 59 cases supersonic diagnose of acute appendicitis were accurate,coincidence rate was 88.06%.Conclusion Supersonic inspection had high practical value to diagnose of acute appenditis.It could provide important basis for choosing treatment options and operation opportunities in clinical.


SRv6 network programming provides the framework for the best
compression of an IPv6 header within an SR domain. This document
provides the analysis to illustrate this fact.


Colour Vibration Therapy is one of the healing technologies using the energy contained in the monochromatic light with specific characteristic frequency according to the natural energy of the sick organ. Colour vibration therapy uses the high frequency contained in colour to produce formulas according to meridian or lattitude which is determined using the frequency measurement apparatus as vibrating signals. Solar ray is one of the energy forms and it is polychromatic and can be splitted into several monochromatic colour. The point in this colour therapy is to apply one or more colour to keep the energy stabilization in the body. In this research, colour vibration therapy method has been developed using a solar ray dispersion system with monochromator which is then strengthened to get the high intensity. The energy contained in each colour is transmitted through an optical fiber wave-guide so it can be directed to the body according to its natural frequency. The results from the first year research are: (1) Therapy equipment used for splitting each solar ray spectra from polychromatic to monochromatic has been developed. It contains mirror system to direct the solar ray, optical monochromator with prism, light amplification and transmission system using optical fiber. (2) Designing a mini model for the therapy place, so the patient can be directed to the colour vibration therapy to get the accumulative energy according to the natural frequency of the sick organ. (3) Theoretically identifying the frequency system of the human body for determining the colour energy needed in the therapy. Keywords: colour vibration therapy, solar ray, frequency of the body organ FMIPA, 2007 (FISIKA)


The invention belongs to the technical field of computers and discloses a web page switching method and a web page switching device. The web page switching method includes: receiving a click from a user on a secondary total navigation position, wherein a secondary temporary navigation bar is further expanded on a primary web page and comprises multiple secondary navigation positions; receiving a click from the user on a chosen secondary navigation position and switching the primary web page to a secondary web page corresponding to the clicked secondary navigation position, wherein a navigation bar of the secondary web page at least comprises multiple primary navigation positions and the secondary total navigation position; further expanding the secondary temporary navigation bar on the secondary web page when the secondary total navigation position on the secondary web page is clicked; and switching the secondary web page to the primary web page corresponding to the primary navigation positions when the primary navigation positions on the secondary web page are clicked. According to the web page switching method, through the clicks on the primary navigation positions on the navigation bar of the secondary web page, direct switching from the secondary web page to the primary web page is realized, and therefore the web page switching speed is increased, and the user experience is enhanced.


: The era of Information Communication and Technology (ICT) is characterized by unprecedented pace of technological development witnessed in the current society. Electronics, a branch of Physics, forms the basic block for the development of technologies of smart phones, projectors, interactive boards, computers, radio, television, remote controls and autopilot systems. However, according to Kenya National Examination Council reports (2014 and 2016) the topic electronics, is difficult to a majority of candidates at the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) Physics Examinations, with many candidates performing poorly throughout the nation on the topic. The reports attribute the dismal performance of students in topic due to lack of apparatus in secondary school laboratories. Furthermore, research studies reviewed indicate that Physics teaching in secondary schools in Kenya in done through chalk and talk as opposed to experiments. Therefore, there was need to seek alternative teaching materials, which enable learners in secondary schools to conceptualize the electronic content. An animated Electronic video downloaded from YouTube and titled "Transistors, How do they work" and is an open source found at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ukDKVHnac4. The video package is one such alternative resource which can be used to teach the topic electronic. Animations in the video illustrate abstract concepts of band theory, doping, depletion layer and biasing of diode which are essential to understanding of the topic electronic. The objective of this study was to establish whether student achievement was affected by use of the animated electronic video. This research employed Solomon Four quasi-experimental non-equivalent group pretest post-test randomized control group design. A sample of 160 Form 4 (Grade 12) learners from four schools was involved in the study. The research tool used was Electronic Achievement Test (EAT) which measured students' performance on electronics at secondary school in Kenya during pre-test and post-test for both the experimental and control groups involved in the study. Cronbach's alpha (α) coefficient was used to determine reliability of the tool. Data were analyzed using t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The t-test was used to test the difference in the mean scores of the pre-test while ANOVA was used to establish the differences between the experimental and control groups on the post-test mean scores. Statistical Package for Social Science version was used to analyze the data. Hypothesis was tested at coefficient alpha significance level of .05. Pretest-posttest analysis indicated a significant difference between the students taught with conventional instructional materials and those taught with the animated electronic video ( F (3, 158) = 15.71; p = .000). The researcher concluded that the animated electronic video is an effective resource for teaching electronics and teachers should be encouraged to employ it in their teaching of Physics and teacher trainers should make it part of the teacher training curriculum.


Objective
To investigate the status of bullying at work and head nurses leadership among male nurses in Class 3 hospitals, and explore the relationship between the two.

Methods
In December 2017, the male nurses from 8 teaching hospitals of Wenzhou Medical University in Zhejiang Province were selected as the research subjects by convenience sampling method, and surveyed by Employees' Workplace Bullying Questionnaire and Questionnaire Survey on Head Nurse Leadership. A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed and 329 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 94.0%.

Results
The scores of perceived workplace bullying and the leadership of head nurses of the 329 male nurses were (32.70±5.02) and (186.15±29.50) . Pearson correlation analysis showed that bullying of male nurses was negatively correlated with head nurses' leadership (r=-0.293, P<0.05) .

Conclusions
Male nurses' perception of workplace bullying and head nurses' leadership level are at the middle level, and there is a negative correlation between them. It is suggested that head nurses should adjust their behavior to fulfill their organizational tasks, actively provide opportunities for male nurses to develop, meet the bottom needs of male nurses, stimulate their pursuit of high-level needs, further improve head nurses' leadership, and reduce male nurses' perception of bullying in the workplace.

Key words:
Nurses, male; Bullying at work; Leadership of head nurses; Correlation


The present study investigated whether the caffeine supplementation for four days would induce tolerance to the ergogenic effects promoted by acute intake on physiological, metabolic, and performance parameters of cyclists. A double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over design was employed, involving four experimental trials; placebo (4-day)-placebo (acute)/PP, placebo (4-day)-caffeine (acute)/PC, caffeine (4-day)-caffeine (acute)/CC and caffeine (4-day)-placebo (acute)/CP. Fourteen male recreationally-trained cyclists ingested capsules containing either placebo or caffeine (6 mg∙kg−1) for 4 days. On day 5 (acute), capsules containing placebo or caffeine (6 mg∙kg−1) were ingested 60 min before completing a 16 km time-trial (TT). CC and PC showed improvements in time (3.54%, ES = 0.72; 2.53%, ES = 0.51) and in output power (2.85%, ES = 0.25; 2.53%, ES = 0.20) (p < 0.05) compared to CP and PP conditions, respectively. These effects were accompanied by increased heart rate (2.63%, ES = 0.47; 1.99%, ES = 0.34), minute volume (13.11%, ES = 0.61; 16.32%, ES = 0.75), expired O2 fraction (3.29%, ES = 0.96; 2.87, ES = 0.72), lactate blood concentration (immediately after, 29.51% ES = 0.78; 28.21% ES = 0.73 recovery (10 min), 36.01% ES = 0.84; 31.22% ES = 0.81), and reduction in expired CO2 fraction (7.64%, ES = 0.64; 7.75%, ES = 0.56). In conclusion, these results indicate that caffeine, when ingested by cyclists in a dose of 6 mg∙kg−1 for 4 days, does not induce tolerance to the ergogenic effects promoted by acute intake on physiological, metabolic, and performance parameters.


Path planning is a classic optimization problem which can be solved by many optimization algorithms. The complexity of three-dimensional (3D) path planning for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) requires the optimization algorithm to have a quick convergence speed. This work provides a new 3D path planning method for AUV using a modified firefly algorithm. In order to solve the problem of slow convergence of the basic firefly algorithm, an improved method was proposed. In the modified firefly algorithm, the parameters of the algorithm and the random movement steps can be adjusted according to the operating process. At the same time, an autonomous flight strategy is introduced to avoid instances of invalid flight. An excluding operator was used to improve the effect of obstacle avoidance, and a contracting operator was used to enhance the convergence speed and the smoothness of the path. The performance of the modified firefly algorithm and the effectiveness of the 3D path planning method were proved through a varied set of experiments.


The essential duty of a qualified tutor of correspondence course is not only to be an instructor, but also a manager planning his or her work strategically, a consult with acute response, wide knowledge and rich experiences, and a very efficient administrative personal.


, 2014; Early Online: 1–4© 2014 Informa UK, Ltd.ISSN: 1042-8194 print / 1029-2403 onlineDOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.982641 Th is work has been presented in part as an oral scientifi c abstract at the Canadian Society for Transfusion Medicine (CSTM) Annual Meeting in Edmonton, AB, Canada ( " Loss of RhD expression coinciding with relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia" ), 9 June 2013. Correspondence: Christine M. Cserti-Gazdewich, 200 Elizabeth St, UHN TGH BTL 3EC-306, Toronto, ON M5G-2C4, Canada. Tel: 1-416-340-5390. Fa x: 1-416-340-5410. E-mail: email@example.com


Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) have been the largest group of illicit psychoactive substances reported to international monitoring and early warning systems for many years. Carboxamide-type SCRAs are amongst the most prevalent and potent. Enantiospecific synthesis and characterization of four indazole-3-carboxamides, AMB-FUBINACA, AB-FUBINACA, 5F-MDMB-PINACA (5F-ADB), and AB-CHMINACA is reported. The interactions of the compounds with CB1 and CB2 receptors were investigated using a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) activation assay based on functional complementation of a split NanoLuc luciferase and EC50 (a measure of potency) and Emax (a measure of efficacy) values determined. All compounds demonstrated higher potency at the CB2 receptor than at the CB1 receptor and (S)-enantiomers had an enhanced potency to both receptors over the (R)-enantiomers. The relative potency of the enantiomers to the CB2 receptor is affected by structural features. The difference was more pronounced for compounds with an amine moiety (AB-FUBINACA and AB-CHMINACA) than those with an ester moiety (AMB-FUBINACA and 5F-MDMB-PINACA). An HPLC method was developed to determine the prevalence of (R)-enantiomers in seized samples. Lux® Amylose-1 [Amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)] has the greatest selectivity for the SCRAs with a terminal methyl ester moiety and a Lux® i-Cellulose-5 column for SCRAs with a terminal amide moiety. Optimized isocratic separation methods yielded enantiomer resolution values (Rs) ≥ 1.99. Achiral GC-MS analysis of seized herbal materials (n = 16), found 5F-MDMB-PINACA (<1.0–91.5 mg/g herbal material) and AMB-FUBINACA (15.5–58.5 mg/g herbal material), respectively. EMB-FUBINACA, AMB-CHMICA, 5F-ADB-PINACA isomer 2, and ADB-CHMINACA were also tentatively identified. Analysis using chiral chromatography coupled to photodiode array and quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (chiral HPLC-PDA-QToF-MS/MS) confirmed that the (S)-enantiomer predominated in all samples (93.6–99.3% (S)-enantiomer). Small but significant differences in synthesis precursor enantiopurity may provide significant differences between synthesis batches or suppliers and warrants further study. A method to compare potency between samples containing different SCRAs at varying concentrations was developed and applied in this small preliminary study. A 10-fold difference in the "intrinsic" potency of samples in the study was noted. With the known heterogeneity of SCRA infused materials, the approach provides a simplified method for assessing and communicating the risk of their use.


Novas et al. (2002. Ameghiniana 39:245–249) described and named a new mosasaur as Lakumasaurus antarcticus from the Late Cretaceous marine deposits of the Antarctic Peninsula. The specimen was recovered from the late Campanian Santa Marta Formation on James Ross Island. A number of characters indicate the affinities of Lakumasaurus with the Tylosaurinae. However, other characters of Lakumasaurus are unusual among tylosaurines, particularly the dentition bearing fine striae, teeth with non‐serrated anterior carinae, anterior teeth without posterior carinae, relatively straight lateral margins on frontal and relatively small size. Investigation of mosasaurs from New Zealand confirms that these characters occur in the type specimen of Taniwhasaurus oweni Hector 1874, collected from the late Campanian Conway Formation of Haumuri Bluff. Size and similar morphological characters indicate the synonymy of Lakumasaurus with Taniwhasaurus.


This paper analyses the characteristics of the two kinds of document information resources of access and ownership,and puts forward different constructive opinion and strategy for acquisition of the two kinds of document information resources.It is the criterion of difference in degree and the key content of acquisition to handle the relation of the two kinds of document information resources in library collection correctly.


Not optimal information system facilities have become one of the obstacles in the learning process so that in some courses the failure rate is still high, one of which is maternity nursing so that effective and interesting learning media is needed, one of which is the Maternal Care Application. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Maternal Care Application in increasing knowledge of Intranatal Standard Operating Procedures (SPO) in Undergraduate Nursing Students. The type of research used is quantitative experimental in nature, using quasi-experimental rankings, with the form of pre-test and post-test with control group design, with the experimental group using applications and controls using power point. The population in this study was 144 active students in the second semester of the Bachelor of Nursing Study Program using simple random sampling of 60 students. Normalized gain test (N-Gain) is used to determine the score of knowledge before and after treatment. The results showed that the application of Maternal Care was quite effective in increasing knowledge of intranatal SPO with a gain score of 0.588. In this application the researcher presents material and videos about SPO at any time with the hope that it will make it easier for students to memorize so that student knowledge increases


1. Heat exchanger (1), in particular, the heat exchanger (1) for a vehicle comprising: a large number of pipes (2)! at least one collection pipe (3) with a wall (8) and holes (13) in the wall (8), and openings are formed spaced from the wall (8) in the axial direction of the orifices (13) passages (7), wherein the pipe (2) in the end zone (11) of pipes (2) are partially disposed on the passages (7), and there is a tight connection between the passages (7) and pipes (2)! at least one inlet (5) for introducing a fluid and! at least one outlet opening (6) for removal of fluid, characterized in that! thickness (16) of passages (7) is smaller than the thickness (17) of the wall (8), in particular in the region of openings (13) collection pipe (3). ! 2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness (16) of passages (7) from the start of passages (7) on the wall (8) collection pipe (3) passes the end (7), in the preferred embodiment constantly decreases. ! 3. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thickness (16) of passages (7) from the beginning at the bottom (9) to the top (15) of passages (7) is at least 10% of the thickness (17 ) of the wall (8), in particular in the region of the openings (13), the collection pipe (3), the top length (15) of passages (7) is at least 10% of the wall thickness (8), in particular, in the region of the openings (13), the collection pipe (3). ! 4. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thickness (16) of passages (7) from the beginning at the bottom (9) to 0.8 times the total length of the passages (7) before the top (15) is less than 0, 9 times the wall thickness (8), in particular in the region of the openings (13), the collection pipe (3). ! 5. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the maximum length of the passages (7) more than half, in particular greater than 1,1-3 times the floor


This qualitative investigation assesses the problems and conditions of space and environment management in nineteen temples of North-eastern Thailand. The results found that the current problems with management in the area are the ineffective division of space within the temple complex, the lack of systems to accommodate large influxes of people and the harm that overcrowding causes the temple environment. The research team outlined a method to combat these problems that consisted of temple space restructuring to make the grounds more suitable for large numbers of visitors, thus reducing strain on the environment. This was achieved by redistributing the land allocation and making the Phra Tat the most important feature of the temple, from which all other areas may be accessed. By ensuring that all visitors to the temple come into contact with the Phra Tat, this model will maximize the promotion of precious architectural and Buddhist heritage in Esan.


The design method on integrated circuit block of hydraulic system is presented.Six faces of integrated circuit block of the hexahedron are deployed to a plane by the design method.The position of the oil holes in integrated circuit block is planned by 2D drawing design.The method is advantageous in checking the interrelation between one oil hole and another.The engineering example testifies that the design method is effective.


SUMMARY
The positions of the cleavage sites of several restriction endonucleases were mapped in DNA isolated from the cyanophages A-1L, A-4L, AN-10, AN-13 and AN-23, which were replicated in Anabaena PCC 7120. Similarities within the maps show AN-13 and AN-23 to be closely related strains. A-1L and AN-10 also appear to be related, but show more divergence. The maps of A-1L and AN-10 are circular, apparently as the result of circular permutation of sequences. The maps of the other cyanophages are linear.


This master's thesis presents a footstep planning for a humanoid robot with perception and pro cessing
of the visual information. Our approach consists of two main parts. First, the processing and the segmentation
of the data from RGB-D cameras identify the ground and other planes where the robot can possibly step
on. Then, methods such as pose estimation and 3D reconstruction are used to build a map of the environment.
Second, we study and integrate the reachability map, which represents the kinematically feasible configurations
to a path planning algorithm. The method has been implemented for the DLR humanoid robot
TORO on the simulation using two walking methods. The first method uses the Divergent Component of
Motions on a Linear Inverted Pendulum model with a feedback controller to generate the trajectory of the
robot. The second method uses the multi-contact planner and controller approach which computes the center
of mass position and the trajectories of the end-effectors. The results on simulation demonstrate the robustness
and the suitability of our footstep planning approach.


Parsons (1970) and Nisbet (1973) found in the Herring Gull (Larus urgent&m) and the Common Tern ( Sterna hirundo), respectively, a strong positive correlation between egg size and chick survival. Davis (1975) has claimed that female age affects egg size in the Herring Gull. Thus the correlation between egg size and chick survival might be an artifact of the age structure of the population. In the present study of the Black-headed Gull (LUPUS ridihundus) we wished (1) to find out whether egg size and chick survival are positively correlated, and, if so, (2) to discuss why this does not result as a continuous increase of egg size in populations, and (3) to examine the significance of egg size variation within clutches of larid species.


Previous work recognized a new framework for the equations of a multifluid plasma, wherein each species can be described by a set of equations remarkably similar to the Maxwell equations of classical electrodynamics. This paper extends the previous effort to form an exact isomorphism between the multifluid theory and classical electrodynamics. The major benefits of the new formulation are that the explicit coupling between different species is minimized, and theorems and techniques of classical electrodynamics can be immediately applied to the new multifluid formulation. We introduce the exact isomorphism and investigate some of the immediate consequences from classical electrodynamics. To provide a visualization of the isomorphism, previous 1D and 2D numerical simulations are postprocessed and presented to illustrate the generalized fields and source terms.