An explicit expression is derived for the distribution function of end-to-end vectors and for the mean square end-to-end distance of a flexible chain with excluded-volume interactions. The Hamiltonian for a flexible chain with weak intra-chain interactions is determined by two small parameters: the ratio $\epsilon$ of the energy of interaction between segments (within a sphere whose radius coincides with the cut-off length for the potential) to the thermal energy, and the ratio $\delta$ of the cut-off length to the radius of gyration for a Gaussian chain. Unlike conventional approaches grounded on the mean-field evaluation of the end-to-end distance, the Green function is found explicitly (in the first approximation with respect to $\epsilon$). It is demonstrated that (i) the distribution function depends on $\epsilon$ in a regular way, while its dependence on $\delta$ is singular, and (ii) the leading term in the expression for the mean square end-to-end distance linearly grows with $\epsilon$ and remains independent of $\delta$.


This note studies geometric parameters of non-compact hyperbolic three-manifolds of finite volume. The parameters are obtained from geodesic segments between the normalized cusps of the manifold, that are perpendicular to the boundary of the cusps. In the universal covering the normalized cusps lift to a family of horoballs, and the geodesic segments lift to minimizing segments between the horoballs. The parameters are computed from those lifted segments, either as complex lengths (intercusp parameters) or using the complex affine structure of horospheres (translation parameters). The authors prove that these parameters are elements of the invariant trace field of the manifold. Let us recall that the invariant trace field is the number field spanned by traces of a subgroup of the fundamental group, the subgroup generated by squares, and that it is a commensurability invariant. Furthermore, the authors give sufficient conditions for a collection of arcs and associated parameters to generate the invariant trace field. In particular, for a tunnel number k manifold it is enough to choose 3 k parameters ( k intercusp parameters and 2 k translation parameters). For many hyperbolic link complements, this approach allows to compute the field from a link diagram. Families of links are considered, for instace for two-bridge knots one parameter is sufficient. The authors also provide an infinite family of closures of braids that need only three parameters. It is very pleasant to read this note, it contains nice geometric ideas and the exposition is very clear.


R. Tagore's works do not thoroughly discuss ideology. But his thoughts naturally penetrate his unique artistic work. The work that shows clearly this ideology is "The Realization of life" (Sadhana). There are also a number of articles, letters, and speeches from countries in the East and the West he had a chance to visit. Throughout these works we find the East - West spirit of dialogue. He dialogued with many philosophers who marked the dawn of the Indian civilization. And with this spirit and state of mind, he dialogued with many Western thinkers in modern times in order to seek harmony between Eastern and Western ideas to expand the base for Indian nationalism.


The recognition of shearer cutting state is the key technology to realize the intelligent control of the shearer, which has become a highly difficult subject concerned by the world. This paper takes the sound signal as analytic objects and proposes a novel recognition method based on the combination of variational mode decomposition (VMD), principal component analysis method (PCA), and least square support vector machine (LSSVM). VMD can decompose a signal into various modes by using calculus of variation and effectively avoid the false component and mode mixing problems. On this basis, an improved gravitational search algorithm (IGSA) is designed by using the position update mechanism of Levy flight strategy to find the optimal parameter combination of VMD. Then, the feature extraction is achieved by calculating the envelope entropy and kurtosis of the decomposed intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). To avoid dimensional disasters and reinforce the classification performance, PCA is introduced to choose useful features, and the LSSVM-based classifier is reasonably constructed. Finally, the experimental results indicate that the proposed method is more feasible and superior in the recognition of shearer cutting states.


......................................................................................................... 464 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 464 Language .......................................................................................................... 466 Historical Traditions ........................................................................................... 468 Accounts of the Eruption .................................................................................... 471 Resettlement ..................................................................................................... 474 Population Growth ............................................................................................ 476 Settlement Pattern ............................................................................................. 478 Natural Resources ............................................................................................. 479 Wild Resources Vegetation ............................................................................. 481 Wild Animals Terrestrial ................................................................................. 483 Aquatic Species ................................................................................................. 485 Agriculture ....................................................................................................... 488 Material Culture ................................................................................................ 493 Trade ............................................................................................................... 495 Ceremonies ...................................................................................................... 497 Social Organization ............................................................................................. 498 Disputes ........................................................................................................... 499 Outside Influences ............................................................................................ 500 Evacuation ........................................................................................................ 501 Mission Influence .............................................................................................. 501 Cargo Cult ......................................................................................................... 502 Wage Labour .................................................................................................... 504 Transport ......................................................................................................... 504 Health .............................................................................................................. 505 Education ......................................................................................................... 507 Radios .............................................................................................................. 509 Entertainment ................................................................................................... 509 Retail Stores ..................................................................................................... 510 Unplanned Visitors and Opportune Wealth .......................................................... 511 Income from Official Visitors .............................................................................. 512 Regular Employment .......................................................................................... 512 Copra, the Cash Crop ........................................................................................ 512 Other Sources of Cash Income ........................................................................... 514 Political Change ................................................................................................ 515 Development and Conservation .......................................................................... 517 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................... 522 References ....................................................................................................... 522


Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): This work was supported by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO- ZonMw, VIDI grant 016.176.340 to J.L.) and the Dutch Heart Foundation (ERA-CVD JTC2018 grant 2018T094; Dr. Dekker Program grant 2015T082 to J.L.)

 Left atrial (LA) function measured by peak/reservoir strain (PLAS) has been shown to be of prognostic value in various cardiac pathologies, including heart failure (HF). However, the underlying mechanisms leading to reduced PLAS remain poorly understood.

 To investigate how various combinations of left ventricular (LV) systolic-, diastolic, and LA failure affect PLAS.

 The CircAdapt computational model of the human heart and circulation is used to simulate the abovementioned LV and LA substrates, starting from a healthy reference simulation. LV systolic failure was simulated by a 25% decrease of LV contractility and LV eccentric hypertrophy (simultaneous increase of LV wall mass and area by 30%). LV diastolic failure was simulated by increasing LV myocardial stiffness by 100%, impairing LV relaxation function (increasing relaxation time constant from 35ms to 60ms, and LV concentric remodeling (increasing LV wall mass by 30%). LA failure was simulated by a fully non-contractile LA myocardium.

 LV systolic failure was characterized by reduced LV GLS (21 to 12%) and LVEF (54 to 34%), with marginal increase in PLAS (42 to 46%; Figure top row, first vs second column). LV diastolic failure was characterized by reduced PLAS (42 to 23%; Figure first vs third and fourth columns) with LA dilation (i.e. peak LA volume: 50 to 80 ml). Furthermore, LV concentric remodeling increased LVEF (54 to 64%). LA failure led to LA dilation and reduction of PLAS, regardless of LV substrate. Lastly, LV diastolic dysfunction and LA failure did not affect LV GLS (Figure bottom row).

 Simulations showed that acute LV systolic failure hardly affected PLAS, but predominantly decreased LV GLS and LVEF. On the contrary, both LV diastolic dysfunction and LA failure reduced PLAS, rather than LV GLS and LVEF. Hence, LA strain can be considered as a whistleblower sensitive to various LV and/or LA abnormalities, which may explain why it is a rather nonspecific diagnostic marker. Abstract Figure. LA and LV strain in various substrates


Research focused on Teacher Professional Development (TPD) programs is abundant worldwide, aiming to enhance teachers' growth, skills, awareness, and, most importantly, improve the teaching-learning process both within and outside classrooms. However, such studies are notably lacking in the Indonesian context. Therefore, this study addresses the following research questions: 1. What do English teachers perceive as the benefits of TPD programs? 2. What are the main challenges encountered by English teachers in TPD? To address these inquiries, this research employs both quantitative and qualitative methods to gather necessary data. A total of 73 senior high school English teachers in Yogyakarta city and Sleman regency participated in the survey through questionnaires, followed by in-depth interviews with five participants. The findings reveal two prominent challenges faced by the participants: managing workload and time effectively and the absence of a follow-up program. By identifying these challenges, this study also offers recommendations for changes and enhancements to TPD programs in Indonesia, as inferred from the study's implications.


Abrasion test of high and low purity alumina balls is conducted in different types of mills under wet condition. The abrasion powder produced by abrasion of high purity alumina balls gave extremely large value of specific surface area over 30m2/g. The powder includes α-Al(OH)3 of gibbsite type, while α-Al(OH)3 is not included in an abrasion powder worn from the low purity alumina one. A considerable amount of amorphous aluminum hydroxide is contained in both abrasion powders. The amount of aluminum hydroxide in the powder increased as the milling becomes moderate and as the balls' size is small. The aluminum hydroxide in the abrasion powder is transformed into a single phase of α-alumina without forming κ- and θ-alumina phases at a relatively low temperature of about 900°C. This is completely different from the phase transformation of an ordinary powder of α-Al(OH)3. The formation of α-alumina from abrasion powder at such low temperature is attributed to a seed-effect of fine α-alumina powder mixed uniformly in the abrasion powder. An abrasion powder worn in alcohol also enables us to sinter at comparatively low temperature.


The purpose of this paper is to discuss observations on student performance kept in a teaching journal written over the course of 5 weeks at a private university in Tokyo. This journal focused on the addition of a new task to the 3/2/1 fluency activity, which is a core component of Rikkyo University's English Discussion Course (EDC) curriculum, and is a modified version of Maurice's 4/3/2 activity (1989). This activity has been linked to improved fluency by giving students three chances to repeat a talk with three different listeners. I will discuss how the addition of a listener note-taking task influenced a key speaker task: repeating, as verbatim as possible, what students said in the first round of speaking in the second and third rounds. I will also discuss interesting observations of changes that this modification seemed to bring about as well as new difficulties it created for students and for myself. INTRODUCTION The goal of the 4/3/2 activity (3/2/1 activity in the EDC program) – fluency gains through repetition as well as time pressure – has been supported by studies on its effects on fluency (Boers, 2014). Nation and Newton (2009) describe the key features of a fluency activity as: 1. The activity is meaning-focused; 2. The learners take part in activities where all the language items are within their previous experience; and 3. There is support and encouragement for the learner to perform at higher than normal level. If these features are present, students can be expected to make fluency gains. The 3/2/1 activity achieves the first goal by emphasizing that students focus on the ideas, not the grammar. The second feature is addressed by using carefully selected topical questions that students are familiar with. Reduced time to complete the activity describes the third feature, making this a suitable fluency-building activity. Some research has been done on the efficacy of this activity. Boers (2014) found that "[during the second and third stages of the 4/3/2 activity] the sheer amount of verbatim repetition [was] striking" (p. 228). It is thought that thinking of what to talk about and deciding how to say it places demands on the cognitive faculties of a speaker. With repetition, there is no need for a speaker to go through these first two stages, and he or she can simply access the available content already shared in the first talk. In a 4/3/2 study measuring long term fluency gains, De Jong and Perfetti found that "speech repetition in the 4/3/2 task may cause changes in underlying cognitive mechanisms, resulting in a long-term and transferrable effect on performance fluency" (2011, p.563). Boers also found evidence that accuracy suffers as a result of time pressure. In the EDC classroom, however, the focus is predominantly on fluency over accuracy. Long-term negative effects on accuracy, let alone fluency, have yet to be conclusively demonstrated through studies on the 4/3/2 activity, so this is not a major concern for this project. It would be fair to point out the variety of interpretations of what exactly entails fluency and accuracy and where and how much they overlap. Fluency in the EDC classroom is defined based on Schmidt's (1992) definition: "...fluency is based around the development of procedural knowledge... to develop students' abilities to use English to communicate meaningfully in real time" (Hurling, 2012, pp. 1-2). With this definition in mind, the focus is on having balanced, interactive, and group-constructed discussions for up to 16 minutes with minimal feedback on grammar usage, pronunciation, or word choice errors and a lot of emphasis on fluency.


Improving the methods of power supply is one of the most important areas for implantable medical devices (IMD) development [1], [2]. Wireless energy transfer by means of inductive coupling represents one of the possible solution. This technology is currently the main method of feeding cochlear implants [3], [4] and of the spinal cord stimulators [5], [6]. The prospective areas of application include energy supply systems for mechanical support of blood circulation [2], [7], visual prostheses [8], [9] and active orthopedic implants [10]. There are areas of research on transcutaneous energy transfer using inductive coupling, an example is the development of formal design and optimization methods developing to this day [11]. Important for solving problems in the implementation of such methods is to ensure the stability of energy transfer, when the receiving and transmitting coils are offset relative to each other, as well as increasing the efficiency of energy transmission [12], [13]. The formal rules for determining the boundary and initial conditions must be defined in order to optimize the geometry of the coils. One of these rules can be the determination of the optimal distribution of the turns in the inductive coil, at which the coupling between them is stable, and the energy transfer efficiency is sufficient for power supply of the device.


Hub location problems have been studied by many researchers for almost 30 years, and, accordingly, various solution methods have been proposed. In this paper, we implement and evaluate several widely used methods for solving five standard hub location problems. To assess the scalability and solution qualities of these methods, three well-known datasets are used as case studies: Turkish Postal System, Australia Post, and Civil Aeronautics Board. Classical problems in small networks can be solved efficiently using CPLEX because of their low complexity. Genetic algorithms perform well for solving three types of single allocation problems, since the problem formulations can be neatly encoded with chromosomes of reasonable size. Lagrangian relaxation is the only technique that solves reliable multiple allocation problems in large networks. We believe that our work helps other researchers to get an overview on the best solution techniques for the problems investigated in our study and also stipulates further interest on cross-comparing solution techniques for more expressive problem formulations.


This paper investigates the effect of spoiler orientations on wave-induced scour around a submarine pipeline. Experiments conducted under pure wave action show that the spoiler can increase both the scour beneath (tunnel scour) and downstream of (lee-wake scour) the pipeline. The increase in tunnel scour depth is due to the higher blockage in the flow. This high flow blockage causes the deflection of a strong flow downwards through the tunnel beneath the pipe. The lee-wake scour depth is affected by the increase in strength of the reattached flow as flow separation occurs at the edge of the spoiler. At some spoiler orientations, the formation of a secondary hole is observed at the edge of the spoiler. Secondary scour holes form when the spoiler is located near the sediment bed. The local disturbance of flow at the edge of the spoiler is the cause of the formation of these secondary scour holes.


Introduction Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous disorder with unknown etiology. ADHD often overlaps with other conditions such as anxiety and mood disorders. The core features of ADHD are poor attention, excessive impulsivity and hyperactivity. The aim of this research is to investigate the therapeutic effects of cognitive behavioral skills group training focused on children and focused on mother + children on manifest anxiety in children with ADHD.


Abstract Model-based analysis, design and testing methods require precise mathematical process models of high quality. But modelling of systems with friction poses difficult challenges. In this paper, a novel friction-identification method using a sliding-mode observer based friction estimation approach is proposed. This model is used in Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) simulation in context of developing motor control functions in automotive applications. A case study illustrates the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.


Evidence of DNA Replication Licensing and Paternal DNA Degradation by MCM7 and ORC2 in the Mouse One-cell Embryo Chang Jin Kim, Tae Hoon Kim, Eun-Woo Lee and Kyung-Bon Lee Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Korea Division of Applied Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea


Diagnosis is the establishment of a disease condition affecting an individual by a clinician. It is the end result of a process in which a clinician synthesis various combinations of symptoms and signs exhibited by a patient to make a list of possible disease conditions afflicting the patient. This study aimed to ascertain whether Primary Health Care Workers In the Ikere Local Government of Ekiti State were making diagnoses or classifications of diseases before giving treatments. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether Primary Health Care Workers In the Ikere Local Government of Ekiti State were making diagnoses or classifications of diseases before giving treatments. The study was a retrospective cross-sectional in nature and used secondary data from eight (8) primary health centers within the Local Government, comprising of two (2) Comprehensive and six (6) Basic Health Centers. A total of 513 out-patient cards were examined in the eight selected health facilities. Data was collected and analysed using SPSS version 2.0. Attempt at making a diagnosis were made in 206(40.2%), while no diagnosis were made in 307 (59.6%). 40 different diagnoses were made with malaria alone, 113 (54%) been the most diagnosed. Other diagnoses included wound 17 (8.1%), road traffic accident 10 (4.8%), malaria in combination with typhoid 8 (3.8%), malaria with peptic ulcer and malaria with infection at 2 (1%) each, dysentery, and typhoid 4 (1.9%) each. The uses of physical examination and laboratory investigation as well as diagnosis/ classification before treatment, were low. Keywords: Classification, Diagnosis, Primary health care, Primary health care workers.


After central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), optociliary shunt vessels frequently develop to compensate for an intravascular thrombus obstructing venous outflow. Cystoid macular edema (CME) that follows CRVO responds well to anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. Here, we report a previously undescribed finding of disk collateralization in a patient receiving serial ranibizumab injections for CRVO-related CME. Case Report


A plane wave spectrum scattering analysis of the effects of a near-zone obstacle on the pattern performance of a directive antenna is discussed. The free-space azimuth monopulse antenna is characterized by its sum and difference mode plane wave spectra, and a computed plane wave scattering dyad is used to characterize the scattering by a metallic right circular cylinder when it is excited by the incident antenna spectra. An efficient computer algorithm has been developed to compute the far-zone scattered and total fields for the antenna/cylinder system. Extensive experimental data have been obtained, and the patterns calculated using the present analysis are in agreement with the measured data.


Implementing a Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRPII) system represents a significant challenge for all those involved in such projects. Indeed, many such change programmes result in failure or fall short of achieving the significant benefits that such systems have to offer. This paper investigates one such implementation within a medium‐sized company in the medical packaging industry. The application of behavioural and performance metrics was applied to monitor and facilitate the attainment of MRPII to Class A status. A longitudinal evaluation of the project is outlined and highlights a range of factors that ultimately affect the degree of success of MRPII implementation.


The latest released data from Planck in 2018 put up tighter constraints on inflationary parameters. In the present article, the in-built symmetry of the non-minimally coupled scalar-tensor theory of gravity is used to fix the coupling parameter, the functional Brans–Dicke parameter, and the potential of the theory. It is found that all the three different power-law potentials and one exponential pass these constraints comfortably, and also gracefully exit from inflation.


This training manual and accompanying videotape was developed to provide initial training for community-based workers (auxiliary health workers community-based distributors community health workers and traditional birth attendants) and their supervisors in the Latin American/Caribbean region but it is also applicable worldwide. While the training manual was not pretested the four short case studies (or "trigger films") in the videotape were. The purpose of these trigger films is to stimulate discussion as they depict: 1) the recruitment of a volunteer family planning promoter 2) screening for precautions to method use 3) managing side effects and 4) service provider ethics. The Instructors Guide describes a variety of training exercises that can be used in conjunction with the video to focus on identifying mistakes made by the fictional community providers and to define appropriate provider behavior. This set of training materials is available in English and Spanish.


The possibility of using an ionization chamber with 4 e (as Fe/sup 59 geometry to measure gamma activity in production conditions was investigated. The chamber was found to have a number of advantages over those with external irradiation. It is only slightly dependent on the shape of the preparation, there is practically no external background, and personnel are exposed to only a low degree of irradiation. To test for impurities it is suggested that a differential ionization chamber with spectral sensitivity should be used. In this type of apparatus, measurement is made on the principle of compensating the current from different parts of the chamber by varying the pressure in one of them. To calibrate the chamber, the compensating pressure must be measured for all possible gamma emitters. If the compensating pressure differs from the standard for any preparation, impurities are present. The lowest percentage of impurities in artificially prepared mixtures can be revealed by this means. (Referativnyy zhurnal, Khimiya, No. 24, 1961)


Two typical converters with low output resistance are introduced in this paper. They consist of switch-linearity hybrid circuits (SLH) to acquire excellent static and dynamic performances, load adaptability and robustness, almost without voltage THD, still with high efficiency. Also the valid experiment results are presented


Quantitative research approach and true experimental research design of pre and post test was used for the present study. Purposive sampling technique wasused to recruit the samples and assigned as experimental and control group. The researcher developed a home based care intervention on care of Low birth weight babies among mothers to evaluate its effectiveness. The data was collected through the structured closed ended questionnaire i.e. knowledge questionnaire on home care of low birth weight


Pollen spectra of recent soils in the highest part of the Ukrainian Carpathians, Chernogora massif, are given, for two transects at altitudes from 1350 m to 1750 m a.s.l. and 1822 m to 2001 m a.s.l. Above the timberline and especially in the alpine belt pollen spectra consist mostly of transported arboreal pollen (up to 90%), among which Fagus sylvatica pollen is predominant (up to 58%).


ABSTRACT Hitherto no study has investigated the impact of constructive television journalism on affections and cognition of adult viewers. Having conducted a quasi-experimental online survey in cooperation with West German Broadcasting Corporation (WDR), this paper attempts to close this gap. To measure the impact a sample of 480 people were exposed to three differently emotionalizing news topics. For each of them, three item variations were created. They consist of an individual solution, a meta-solution, and no solution. The study shows that constructive TV-pieces have a positive emotional effect on viewers. This finding is particularly pronounced for news items with an individual solution. The comparison of the results for item variations with a meta-solution or no solution did not yield conclusive evidence. Negative emotions are reduced in news items that contain individual or meta-solutions. This effect is weaker for the latter when compared to news items without solutions.


Intelligent detection of surface temperature 1, describing macro characteristics of microcosmic combination, promotes the cross fusion of geoscience, thermodynamics, climatology, geological science, and so on. However, there are still two notable problems to be solved. One is the model lacks characterization capability, and the other is that the precision of surface temperature's monitoring and prediction is low. To solve these problems, we propose an algorithm to predict surface temperature characteristics of multiscale fusion based on convolution neural network. Firstly, after researching the multiscale disturbance characteristics of surface temperature, we draw a conclusion based on analyzing time change, spatial change, casual change. To improve the parameter correlations among surface temperature characteristics, a neural network about compensating and optimizing analysis of surface temperature characteristics is proposed on the fundamental of multivariate surface temperature characterization models. By designing cluster input layer, dynamic hidden layer and visual output layer of neural network, the precise of predict data has been improved by 53.3% on average, and 76.0% on variance compared with remote sensing data. What's more, the data consumption of this model has promoted by 17.2% in contrast to grey theory on predictive complexity and precision, and 10.8% compared with BP neural network.


Lavender Truck Refurbishment has built and designed various fire trucks and trailers since Willie Lourens supplied the first budget Unimog fire fighter to Mlozi Trust a couple of years ago, and has developed a number of firefighting trailers for first aid and veld fires.


Child maltreatment is a broad phrase used to describe a range of abuses suffered by children. Maltreatment can be interchangeably referred to as child abuse, adversity, or trauma, and it can be further specified as neglect and sexual, verbal, and emotional abuses. Recent technologies have been able to detect structural changes in the brains of individuals who experienced child abuse. This review focuses on childhood maltreatments, with specific attention on the reported structural abnormalities subsequently found in the brain.


We report successful synthesis of a mixed V/Fe ultra-thin oxide phase on Ru(0001), in which mixing is governed by a self-organization scheme that selects V/Fe compositions close to 50%. Bias-dependent high resolution STM imaging and DFT simulations enabled a thorough characterization of its honeycomb-like structure with additional oxygen anions at the metal/oxide interface, as well as a convincing assignment of the two observed defect types. The mixed layer displays a unique structure and stoichiometry intermediate between those of pure vanadium and iron oxide films under the same experimental conditions. It results from a singular, geometry-driven mixing scenario in 2D which, thanks to the high interfacial oxygen content, is reminiscent of that known for bulk ternary oxides. Comparison with V/Fe mixed honeycomb layers on Pt(111) exemplifies how the choice of the metal substrate may induce largely different mixing behaviors. Such versatility opens a way towards a thorough fundamental understanding of the principles that underlie oxide alloying in 2D.


Overarching and holistic analyses that consider multiple data sources such as logs, traces, or network traffic are important, e.g., in scope of developing and operating network applications or in virtualized environments. The aim of integrated trace and log analysis tools such as Trace Compass is to enable such holistic analyses. While Trace Compass offers sophisticated analysis and visualisation capabilities for various data sources, we found that importing packet capture traces still had considerable limitations. In this paper, we present an DSL-based approach for improving the import of packet capturing data in Trace Compass. Our DSL-based approach allows to specify import definitions of data at run-time, which also enables users to customize the data import. Compared to the current import approach, which requires to develop multiple and change existing classes for each supported protocol, the DSL-based approach is more dynamic, versatile, and extensible. We published our implementations as Open Source Software.


We describe a cloud-based architecture for monitoring large numbers of industrial automation devices. We are interested in massive parallel monitoring of software components controlling critical automation facilities such as factories, mines or oil rigs. Monitoring focuses on post-deployment verification, aiming at discovering specification violations indicating for example bugs or incompatibilities in the software-based control systems. Our work facilitates the goals of industry 4.0 and smart factories. We provide an evaluation of our architecture, realised in an experimental cloud-based automation facility, and based on a combination of real and simulated trials using a message broker commonly used in cloud computing.


In July, 1997, the EPA promulgated a new National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ). This new standard was based on the collection of an integrated mass sample on a filter. Field studies have demonstrated that the collection of semivolatile compounds leads to artifacts and imprecision among methods. In view of such sampling artifacts, a test requirement was promulgated in Title 40, Part 53, Subpart F, Section 53.66 of the Code of Federal Regulations (40CFR53.66) to aid in the determination of methodological equivalency. In this paper, this requirement is critically reviewed and tested in terms of its feasibility and precision. The results show that the test is capable of demonstrating acceptable precision for FRM-type samplers and repeatable differences in performance among different methods. In order to maintain high precision within the entire test procedure, the loading time should be extended to 2 h for flow rates of 16.7 lpm and proportionately longer for lower flow rates.


In the paper, the authors establish a new integral identity. By this integral identity and Holder's inequality, the authors obtain some new inequalities of the Hermite-Hadamard type for e-convex functions.


This paper is about X ray radioscopy inspection system.The image collecting and processing technology are introduced.The developed software,on the platform of Windows Operating System,realizes the real time display after the image data are processed.


The invention discloses an environment sanitation monitoring system based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). The environment sanitation monitoring system comprises a plurality of garbage cans, a plurality of RFID electronic tags, a plurality of reading and writing devices and a data analysis and processing device, wherein ID data stored in each RFID electronic tag comprises a unique tag ID; geographical position information is contained in each RFID electronic tag; each RFID electronic tag is bound at one side of an armrest of each corresponding garbage can through a binding belt; and each reading and writing device is arranged at one side of a camera support frame. The environment sanitation monitoring system has the advantages that each RFID electronic tag has the unique electronic tag ID; the geographical position information is contained in each RFID electronic tag, so that the source and the destination of garbage can be managed in a systematized and standardized way; the work efficiency is greatly improved; and the environment sanitation monitoring is realized.


The crystal structure, thermal expansion and electrical conductivity of the solid solutions $Y_{0.8}Ca_{0.2}Fe_{1-x} MnxO_3$ + \delta (0 \leq x \leq 1.0) were investigated. All compositions had the $GdFeO_3$-type orthorhombic perovskite structure with trace amounts of a second phase present in case of x = 0.8 and 1.0. The lattice parameters were determined at room temperature by using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). The pseudo-cubic lattice constant decreased with increasing x. The average linear thermal expansion coefficient (a,,) in the temperature range from 673 to 973 K showed negligible change with x up to x = 0.4. The thermal expansion curve for x = 1 had a slope approaching zero in the temperature range from 648 to 948 K. The calculated activation energy values for electrical conduction indicate that conduction occurs primarily by the small polaron hopping mechanism. The drastic drop in electrical conductivity for a small addition of Mn (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.2) is caused by the preferential foil-nation of $Mn^{4+}$ ions (rather than $Fe^{4+}$)which act as carrier traps. This continues till the charge compensation for the divalent ions on the A-site is complete. The results indicate that with further increase in manganese content (beyond x = 0.4) in the solid solutions, there is an increase in excess oxygen and consequently, a small increase in Mn4+ ions which are charge compensated by the formation of cation vancancies.


Humanitarian science has many approaches to studying deep meaning of myth. This article shows one of such approaches, and uses it to determination and differentiation of the semantic structure of the myth about Golden Age.


The partial radial distribution functions gij(r) are obtained for a liquid Li0.61Na0.39 alloy at 590 K by the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method. The phase separation or the homocoordination tendency is characterised by the fact that the first peaks of gLiLi(r) and gNaNa(r) are higher than that of gLiNa(r). The concentration-concentration structure factor Scc(q) derived from the MD gij(r) by Fourier transformation is in good agreement with the experimental one as well as with that calculated recently by the hypernetted-chain approximation.


In this paper, we propose a way to bridge the gap which hinders the seamless flow of requirements from system components to its constituent software component in model-based engineering.


High concentrations of pollutants are caused not only by strong emissions, but also by a decrease in dispersion, especially in the atmospheric layer adjacent to the surface, where most of the pollutants are emitted. In this paper, the forecast of wind flow and dispersion of pollutants over a two-dimensional hilly terrain is considered by numerical methods. The experimental data were used to verify the reliability of the numerical results of modeling the propagation of a passive impurity over a two-dimensional uneven terrain. The numerical data agree quite satisfactorily with the profiles of the average velocity and turbulence characteristics measured in the experiment. The hypothesis about the independence of the flow of the boundary layer of the atmosphere over an aerodynamically uneven terrain from the Reynolds number is confirmed by numerical methods. The influence of two-dimensional hills on the dispersion of pollutants from continuously or temporarily operating sources of different heights and locations of emissions is also studied. Concentrations of harmful impurities at the level of the earth's surface significantly decrease as the height of the source of their emissions increases. In addition, the numerical values of the concentration at ground level are somewhat overestimated. This is probably due to large deviations in the wind direction near the ground during the field experiment, which lead to a change in the direction of propagation and low concentrations of harmful emissions at ground level.


A small experimental axial-flow turbojet engine was tested at sea level static conditions and over a range of simulated flight conditions to evaluate its performance as well as to demonstrate the feasibility of low-cost concepts utilized in its design. Testing was conducted at engine speeds as high as 37,000 rpm and at turbine inlet temperatures as high as 1,272 K. For maximum speed the engine produced a net thrust of 3,118 newtons at sea level static operation and 2,318 newtons at its cruise condition of M0 = 0.8 and 6,096 meters. Data obtained over a range of inlet Reynolds number indexes for nominal M0 of 0.38 revealed similar effects or trends on compressor characteristics of those previously established for much larger engines.


Conclusions Conditions characterized by prolonged activation of the stress response, such as ACE, may negatively affect health as a result of insufficient glucocorticoids. This represents a rich area of study among foster and adopted children who may experience childhood adversity. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) are childhood events, varying in severity and often chronic, occurring within a child's family or social environment that cause harm or distress, thereby disrupting the child's physical or psychological health and development. Examples; childhood physical, sexual, or emotional abuse and household dysfunction.


For over thirty-five years, available data suggested that therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) was a useful treatment for patients with Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) associated with ANCA Associated Vasculitis (AAV) and elevated creatinine levels. The publication of the PEXIVAS study has challenged this conclusion. This perspective will outline the history of this issue and present our assessment of the current status.


Political liberalism marking the turn of political philosophy in neoteric Europe first emerged in Great Britain.Concerns with "natural rights" constitute a theoretical starting point.With reference to natural rights,Hobbes and Locke both define the rise of nationhood and government as well as their legitimacy from a humanist point of view,which indeed marks initial attempts for neoteric political philosophy to break with theological politics in a theoretical and conceptual sense.


"Girls rising" offers a grounded, critical, and human rights theory of political responsibility for global injustice. This theory of human rights tells us not just what rights are but how to take responsibility for bringing about their enjoyment for all. It grounds a theory of human rights in the political view of human beings as fundamentally relational and human rights as fundamentally collectively enjoyed. Using girls' education activism as an illustrative issue area, it outlines five political practices and what they tell us about how to take political responsibility for human rights, in a rights-based way.


The present invention includes a metal layer, comprises one or more polyimide resin layer, the polyimide resin layer is a metal laminate and wherein the elastic modulus is more than 70Mpa at 400 ° C. and a manufacturing method thereof provide.


The Asian longhorned beetle (ALB) (Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cermabycidae) is among the high-risk invasive species that have invaded the U.S. from China. ALB has attacked approximately 25 deciduous tree species in 13 genera in North America, most notably 7 maple (Acer) species. To date, known infestations outside its countries of origin (year found) include New York City and Long Island, NY (1996); Chicago, IL (1998); Braunau, Austria (2001); Jersey City, NJ (2002); Gien, France (2003); Toronto, Canada (2003); Carteret, NJ (2004); Linden, NJ (2006); and Prall's Island, a part of Staten Island (2007). In addition, adult ALB were discovered in Sacramento, CA (June 2005), putting at risk many tree species in the western U.S. Infested trees continue to be found in the New York and New Jersey infestations, with 69 and 89 infested trees discovered, respectively, in the New York, and the Carteret and Linden, NJ, infestations in 2006. During 2007, a total of 80 infested trees were discovered and removed in the New York infestation as of April 22 (15 in Queens, 21 in Brooklyn, 41 on Prall's Island, and 3 on Staten Island). The total number of infested and high-risk trees removed from the North American infestations, as of April 22, 2007, includes 10,989 trees (6,184 infested) in New York City; 1,771 trees (1,551 infested) in Chicago, IL; 461 trees (113 infested) in Jersey City, NJ; 25,000 trees (600 infested) in Toronto, Canada; and 21,513 trees (616 infested) in Carteret and Linden, NJ. It should be noted that the infestation on Prall's Island is being eradicated via removal of all host trees, totaling 2,933 high-risk trees and 41 infested trees removed as of April 22. Survey for trees infested by A. glabripennis depends solely on the visual inspection of individual trees by surveyors within a specified radius from trees showing signs or symptoms of attack. These visual surveys focus specifically on tree species reported to be hosts of ALB. However, the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) reports visual surveys to be 33-60% effective, depending upon the survey method used (i.e., ground survey, bucket truck survey, tree climber survey). Furthermore, visual surveys are very expensive, thereby limiting the number of trees inspected. To date, no methods are used specifically to detect and monitor adult A. glabripennis in the existing infestations in New York, New Jersey, and Chicago, such as sentinel trees or attractants. Therefore, the objectives of the research reported here were to develop (1) sentinel trees for detecting of adult ALB, (2) an attract-and-kill strategy for monitoring adult ALB, and (3) an artificial lure for detecting and monitoring adult ALB.


Objectives
 Thailand has experienced two waves of COVID-19 pandemic with different levels of restrictive measures has been adopted. The first wave led to a 'national hard' shutdown with only essential merchandise and takeaway foods were allowed to serve, while a 'localized soft' measure with no restrictions on the operating of food supply chains have been implemented in the second wave. The study aimed to investigate the effects of these tiered lockdowns on public online interest in food priorities in Thailanders.

 Methods
 The Google query's search volume related to food priorities were extracted from a duration of December 1, 2019, to February 1, 2021. Searches were conducted in Thai. A time-series analysis of structural change in linear regression models with Chow test was performed.

 Results
 Results revealed that when the official statement of COVID-19 outbreaks and lockdown were released, trending online searches in relation to foodstuff dramatically increased independently with the level of adopted restrictions. Examining 1-month lockdown period, the changes in search frequency were more likely to be greater in 'national hard' than 'localized soft' measures, with the magnitude of differences ranged from 10% to 30% depends on distinct keywords. The searches reached the highest volume within one to two weeks after the announcement. Interests in essential food items related to health motivation appeared with higher frequency such as vegetables, fruits, and legumes as well as main protein sources like fish, pork, chicken. Searches for long-lasting foodstuffs such as sticky rice, corn, flour, bread, egg, tofu, packaged noodles, canned foods, frozen foods, milk, and dairy products were likewise more popular. Besides, comfort foods were also received more attention during the lockdown period (cakes, desserts, pizza, sausages, fried foods). Contrarily, interest was reduced among short shelf-life foods (seafood).

 Conclusions
 The contribution of this study provides initial insights into food-seeking behavioral changes during 'hard' or 'soft' pandemic lockdown in Thailand. COVID-19 has dramatically changed Thai consumer's lifestyle and their food concerns as well as the motivations behind them. Further studies are needed to explore the long-lasting impacts of food consumption behavior on the 'new normality'.

 Funding Sources
 This research received no funding.


Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are critical atmospheric pollutants that can affect both human health and the environment. A significant reduction of the quantity of NOx inevitably formed by a combustion process with air can be achieved by both an accurate control of the combustion reaction, and adapted emission control technologies, like flue-gas denitrification. Selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) technology was applied and optimized to reduce NOx emissions on our 16t/h waste incineration plant, in accordance with French legislation fixing maximal emission level at 200 mg/Nm. By injecting granular urea at six locations within the posf-combustion zone through an innovative transport and injection device mediated by gravitary outflow, we achieved a yield of denitrification of 70 % for a molar N-urea/NOx ratio close to 2, at 1223 K, without any leak of ammonia at the stack. This innovative retrofitted multi-point injection system allowed substantial savings in both investment and running costs (factor 5), while raising the whole technical performances of the equipment.


Recently explicit type parameter passing has been studied as an attractive approach to utilizing type information in ML. An important issue in this approach is to develop an eecient method of type parameter passing. Tolmach proposed a method based on lazy substitution on types and demonstrated the feasibility of his method in his implementation of tag-free garbage collection. However, there are still some signiicant costs associated with runtime construction of type parameters in his method. In this paper we propose a reenement of his method based on the transformation which completely eliminates runtime construction of type parameters. The transformation lifts type parameters that cause runtime construction so that they can be constructed statically. We present our transformation as a type preserving translation and prove the correctness of the translation. Furthermore, we describe an implementation of a compiler for Core Standard ML based on our method and compare our method to Tolmach's method on several benchmark programs.


The weather may be warmer, finally, but it was not that long ago when, with one glance out of the window on a cold winter night, you realized why shovels don't come cheap in Newfoundland and Labrador. With old man winter left behind, the Newfoundland and Labrador Veterinary Medical Association (NALVMA) is ready to focus on a packed spring program.

This year, the NALVMA will continue to build on its public education campaign. It is hoped that all areas of the province will be covered by summer's end. As well, a CD will be produced, focusing on responsible pet care, with the greatest hope of being introduced into all schools throughout Newfoundland and Labrador. Also, an NALVMA Web site is planned to provide information on NALVMA clinics, its members, public education, veterinary specialists visiting the province, updates on animal and zoonotic diseases, and regulations for travel. In consultation with other concerned groups, the NALCMA is also trying to establish minimum standards of care for pets to be used as a guide for pet owners and the legal system. The purpose is to remove some of the subjectivity from pet care issues and to provide solid information that owners can follow regarding the essentials of owning and caring for pets.

As distance barriers and veterinary shortages limit access to continuing education for some members, the NALVMA will continue to provide continuing education opportunities to its members. In addition, lecture programs with a practice management focus are presently in the developmental stages.

The NALVMA's new veterinary act still sits in limbo. The Act, which will require a final reading before being passed as legislation, will provide an up-to-date perspective on the practice of veterinary medicine in the province.

French heartworm, Angiostrongylus vasorum, remains a major parasitic disease of dogs on the Avalon Peninsula. The frequency of infection and resolution following treatment continue to be monitored by NALVMA and the provincial veterinary branch of government.

Rabies has made its presence known on the Northern Peninsula of the island. Although it appears frequently in Labrador, the virus has not been observed in many years on the island. Educational seminars and pet immunization programs have begun in these semiremote areas through a combined NALVMA and Department of Forest Resources and Agrifoods partnership. Both partners agree on the need for a greater veterinary presence, and public education promoting responsible pet care.

Veterinary medicine and the province of Newfoundland and Labrador have blessed me with unique experiences. Practising my profession among the people of this province while constantly viewing breathtaking scenery makes even the task (or memory) of shoveling snow a little less difficult.

(by Dr. Daniel Quinlan, President, The Newfoundland and Labrador Veterinary Medical Association, Mount Pearl, Newfoundland)


Our knowledge of olive cultivation in Crete in Ottoman times has so far been based on the texts of travellers and the documents of the sicil defterleri which were translated and published by the late Nikolaos Stavrinidis1. The latter refer mainly to the price of oil in the Candia market and to fiscal ordinances that regulated the conditions of its export. On the contrary, the material in the French archives concerning the conditions of purchase and transport of Cretan oil to markets in France in the eighteenth century, is both richer and continuous. Those studies concerned with oil-production and soap-making in Crete during the Ottoman period rely mainly on the above sources2. It should be noted however that, on account of the specific information in the sources, these studies focus their interest on the oil available for trade as an export product or as a raw material for the soap factories.


Stockley's Drug Interactions, 10th edition, is the most recent publication of this pharmaceutical reference text. With close to 4,200 monographs included in this edition, it is quite comprehensive in its scope. Almost all of the editorial staff are pharmacists, which is an important consideration in such a reference text. It includes interactions for not only other drugs, but also herbs, supplements, foods, and other substances such as tobacco and alcohol.

The text itself is organized into thirty-nine chapters. The first chapter presents a thorough overview of the varied possible drug interactions that exist, including a number of data tables and illustrations. After the first chapter, the remaining chapters are presented alphabetically by type of drug class or substance (such as alcohol). Each chapter includes an introduction with a short overview of the drug type and, if it lends itself to the topic at hand, discussions of common interactions, mode of action, and specific information for drug subclasses.

Each interaction is then listed alphabetically by specific drug and secondary interacting agent. The text is organized with a bolded, short-paragraph, bottom-line determination as the first note under each topic heading. Below that, the more detailed clinical evidence, mechanisms of action, importance, management, and reference sections are included. Most references originate from primary sources, although there are some unpublished drug company documents and personal correspondence cited as well.

The index includes both drug types and specific drug names. The editors include an advisement for readers to look up both the drug type and drug name in order to access all of the relevant information available in the edition.

Stockley's Drug Interactions Pocket Companion 2013 is designed to be a quick-reference text for clinicians. Its diminutive size compared to the larger edition makes it more convenient for mobile clinicians. The pocket edition includes approximately half of the drug interactions that the full text includes (over 2,000) and is organized alphabetically by substance.

There are no chapters in the companion edition; nor are the reference lists included. There is an index available for quick page identification of a substance. Information is condensed into short paragraph form; most entries include 1 or 2 paragraphs. The streamlined edition means that no graphics or tables are included. There is a page that defines 39 abbreviations utilized throughout the book (the more comprehensive edition includes 100), along with a short preface that discusses the organization, inclusions, and severity ratings.

The pocket guide uses four symbols to alert the reader to the severity of the interaction. "X" alerts to a life-threatening interaction or one that is contraindicated by the manufacturers. "!" delineates that there is a significant hazard, and dose adjustment and close monitoring are indicated. "?" means there is doubt about the interaction, and patient advisement, along with possible monitoring, is recommended. A checkmark notes that there is no interaction or none of clinical significance.

Pharmaceutical data, including drug interactions, change often. The editors publish any new updates to the topics at MedicinesComplete . Access for one year is included with purchase, but only on an individual basis as it is a single-use code. This creates a significant barrier for libraries or institutional pharmacies to be assured of the most current information. However, the scope of both books is quite broad and offers a well-organized reference text in general.


In this paper, a highly miniaturized dual-band band pass filter has firstly been developed by embedding all the passive lumped elements into a LTCC substrate for 2.4–2.5 GHz (802.11b) and 5.15–5.85 GHz (802.11a/g) WLAN applications. In order to reduce a size/volume of the filter and improve its performances, the proposed filter was newly designed by using J-inverter transformation technology, independent transmission zero technology and independent band-stop resonators. The J-inverter transformation technology was highly effective to minimize electromagnetic parasitic coupling between the large inductors. The newly applied independent band-stop resonator helped to reduce the number of passive elements in the filter circuit. Finally, designed dual-band filter was combined with simple LC diplexer. The measured maximum insertion losses of the fabricated dual-band WLAN filter were better than 2.3 and 1.3 dB in the lower and upper pass-bands, respectively. Return loss was higher than 15 dB. The overall size/volume of the fabricated filter module was 4.7 × 2.3 × 0.68 mm3


How were music and musicians from Italy imagined in Germany around 1800? This core research question is treated by Carolin Krahn in her monograph Topographie der Imaginationen. Johann Friedrich Rochlitz' musikalisches Italien um 1800, a publication based on her doctoral dissertation defended in 2017 at the University of Vienna. Krahn's monography is a valuable study for research into German intellectual culture in musical circles of the early nineteenth century.


We present an experimental model of CDOM solar-stimulated fluorescence. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectra of natural waters were used to determine the solar-stimulated emission as a function of depth in the water column. Inclusion of the wavelength-dependent fluorescence quantum yield provides emission values in absolute units of photons s I cmp2 5 nm- I_ Attenuation of light in the water column was also modeled, allowing determination of total upwelled emission. The upwelled fluorescence is compared to irradiance reflectance calculated from a semianalytical model. The fluorescence contribution to reflectance in the blue-green to green region can be as high as 70% for blackwater but is rapidly reduced by the introduction of scattering particles. Except for blackwaters, CDOM fluorescence does not significantly affect irradiance reflectance ratios commonly used in remote-sensing applications. In water with moderate amounts of CDOM (absorption coefficient at 355 nm ~0.5 m-l), fluorescence will dominate water Raman scattering as a secondary influence on the light field in the green spectral region.


Indonesia has ratified the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS Convention) and is now making plans for the security of port facilities, building facilities, installing equipment for security, training security officers, and so on based on the ISPS Code. However, there are still problems that arise, such as the lack of facilities and equipment for security and the performance of the security system which is still considered inadequate. This study aims to determine the need for the implementation of ISPS Code drill and exercise, as well as to determine the effect of the ISPS Code implementation related to the implementation of the drill and exercise on security at Tanjung Emas Port. Qualitative descriptive method that describes the implementation of the ISPS Code related to implementation of drill and exercise at the Port of Tanjung Emas Semarang. The data then analyzed using interactive analysis techniques from Miles and Huberman. The results of the study indicate that the drill and exercise activities need to be implemented at the Port of Tanjung Emas Semarang, as well as drill and exercise activities in accordance with the requirements. that have an effect on the ability to implement the ISPS Code.


This paper studies the sum-rate of downlink multiple-input multiple-output non-orthogonal multiple access (MIMO-NOMA) systems. The maximum number of users is sought, under a total transmission power constraint and a minimum rate constraint per user. We propose a simplified interference alignment (IA) scheme which does not require global channel state information (CSI); instead, each user has its own CSI, whereas the base station has the statistical information (SI) of all the users. Using the proposed scheme, the users are divided into clusters, where the inter-cluster interference is canceled using IA; whereas the conventional intra-cluster NOMA interference is mitigated using successive interference cancellation (SIC). A closed-form expression is obtained for the achievable ergodic sum rate. Additionally, a power allocation scheme is proposed to maximize the sum rate subject to the aforementioned constraints. Finally, an efficient algorithm is developed to obtain the maximum number of users that can be admitted in the network. The performance is compared to orthogonal multiple access (OMA) schemes. Results show that the proposed scheme efficiently computes the number of users and provides significant gain compared to OMA schemes.


The design and modeling of power FETs for microwave power amplifiers is described, based on physical and equivalent circuit models coupled to electro-thermal and electromagnetic simulations. The results from this work reveal complex behavior in large high frequency power devices and facilitate the design of very high power, high efficiency transistors. This approach allows the maximizing of power added efficiency and assists in optimizing the thermal management and circuit design.


This paper presents a Remote Disaster Tolerant System(RDTS)supporting hot archiving under the method of modularization.The system provides the transparency because of being implemented on device driver level.Another important advantage is the inductiveness of hot archiving,through which the data damaged problem caused by the virus and the users' fault are solved,and also the service halting when archiving the mirror data.And the store space in the remote centre has been saved.The experimental results prove the superiority of the system.


Nadarajah the knicker nicker was nabbed by North London
police for plundering panties-- aghh! enough of that!
Bleck. This guy was busted once last year with like $50,000
(ok, it was pounds, not dollars, but I can't make that
crazy L thing, so just imagine it was dollars) of undies.
 This time he's being sent to a shrink after the cops found
11 bags of underware in his appartment.


Coal-Bed Methane (CBM) or coal-bed gas is a form of natural gas extracted from coal beds. The term refers to methane adsorbed into the solid matrix of the coal. In order to understand the performance of a CBM reservoir, we need to know the Original Gas in Place, Production Rates and also Recovery Factor. This is mainly on creating a Microsoft Excel ® 2007 with the help of Visual Basic for Application (VBA) based CBM forecast tool. Field data from Mukah-Balingian Coalfield Sarawak is analyzed and forecasted. Original Gas in Place is calculated by multiplying the mass of the coal with the initial gas content of the coal bed. Following from the generated Relative Permeability data, production rates for both water and gas calculated over a specific time range. During the whole production, an abandonment condition which is mainly the pressure will be set by the engineers. Using this abandonment pressure, we can calculate the recovery factor. Using constant values of Langmuir Volume of 714.29 scf/ton, Langmuir Pressure of 1024.5 psia and reference initial pressure of 2000 psia; flowing pressure of 100 psia which is also the abandonment pressure, various range of skin, permeability, initial gas content as well as porosity tested to predict the field performance. Using the range of initial gas content of 86.286-173.36 scf/ton; range of permeability of 1.01e-6 mD to 1010 mD; porosity, with a range of 0.0001 to 0.5%; Skin ranged from-5 to 4, CBM production is forecasted for the range of 5 years.


Teratogenic damage was induced in pregnant Wistar rats with an overdose of vitamin A to clarify the genesis of the atresia plate, the behavior of the facial nerve, and the rotation of the middle ear. Results suggested that contradictory statements in the literature concerning the atresia plate could be explained in the following way: the plate does not arise from a single branchial arch. The os tympanicum, the pars squamosa of the temporal bone, and the hyperplastic labyrinthine capsule share in its formation. Findings similar to the human atresia auris congenita, such as malformation of the auricle, atresia of the external ear canal, and changes in the ossicles and lumen of the middle ear space, were obtained. A cranial and labyrinthine dysmorphia leads to rotation of the middle ear and a walling-in of the facial nerve, which explains its functional disturbance. Extreme variations in the course of the facial nerve were not found. In 62 cases of severe human ear malformation, the operative findings corresponded to the experimentally produced ear malformations.


The potential of Ng-cut monoclinic Yb: and Tm:KLu(WO4)2 laser crystals is analyzed from the point of view of thermal lensing, including athermal behavior, unique laser mode stabilization by polarization-switching and potential for microchip operation. To this aim, we characterize dispersion and direction dependence of the generalized thermo-optic coefficients, A, for the light polarizations, E∥Nm and Np, and calculate sensitivity factors of the thermal lens for wide range of experimental conditions, including crystal temperature, laser wavelength, pump spot radius, as well as their relation to probe beam measurements. The polarization-switching between Nm and Np oscillating states is realized for a Tm:KLu(WO4)2 crystal and explained on the basis of spectroscopic properties, mode-matching and cavity stability. The thermal lens properties for microchip Tm:KLu(WO4)2 laser are also calculated.


Eavllj Complications This procedure has been used sporadically since Dogliotti' first reported on its use in 1930. From that time until the mid1950's, subarachnoid alcohol was used by many for various reasons. The vast majority of injections within the subarachnoid space were made in the lumbar area. More often than not, such injections were followed by unfortunate and incapacitating complications, including usually rectal and bladder incontinence and motor paralysis of the lower extremities, and giving little pain relief.


Rabbit antiserum to ovine LH is capable of neutralizing the endogenous activity of mouse LH (Munshi & Rao, 1967). Administration to mated female mice on any one day from Days 2 to 7 after mating results in the inhibition of pregnancy. Since this inhibition can be overcome only by the continuous administration of progesterone, it has been suggested that the antiserum blocks pregnancy by inhibiting progesterone synthesis by the corpus luteum (Munshi, Purandare & Rao, 1972). These studies, however, do not indicate at what stage pregnancy is affected. in Random-bred mice were were placed and examined for the presence of a vaginal plug the next morning. The day on which a vaginal plug was seen was taken as Day 1 of pregnancy. tetroxide Epon sectioning. \g=m\m aqueous borax for examination


Abstract : This software application, funded at $150,000 was created by RTI to be an interactive representation of the Self Aid/Buddy Aid Course (0821) on PC-CD ROM. It was not intended to be web enabled or SCORM compliant.


The Covid-19 pandemic impacts small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) performance in production, marketing, and income, especially in Denpasar City. MSMEs experienced a decline in the level of demand and supply during the implementation of social distancing policies. The role of social media can help in the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic. In this case, it can be said that social media can help the economy of MSMEs in business activities. This study aims to analyze the factors that use social media marketing, namely perceptions of ease of use, perceived usefulness, cost, and influence on MSMEs. The study was conducted on MSMEs owners in Denpasar City who sell food, beverages, services, and fashion. Data were collected utilizing research questionnaires which were distributed to 100 respondents. The data analysis technique used SEM-PLS (Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square) with Smart PLS 3.0. The results showed that Perceived Usefulness had a positive and significant effect on social media marketing. Perceived Usefulness has a positive and significant effect on the SMEs sustainability. Perceived ease of use has a positive and significant effect on social media marketing. The cost has a positive and significant effect on social media marketing. Social media marketing has a positive effect on MSMEs. However, costs have no impact on MSMEs. Based on the results of the VAF test, social media marketing acts as a partial mediating variable between perceived Usefulness and perceived ease of use for MSMEs sustainability.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the implementation of hoshin kanri as a novel alternative system to balanced scorecard (BSC) for deploying corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies. Hoshin kanri stems from the total quality management (TQM) world and it is usually employed for strategies related to such fields. Design/methodology/approach – This research is based on multiple case studies from private sectors. In particular, a qualitative inquiry among ten large manufacturing companies has been carried out. The inquiry is based on document review as well as unstructured interviews. The companies have implemented hoshin kanri for at least five years in all the plants. Findings – The paper demonstrates the full suitability of hoshin kanri for CSR strategies. Hoshin kanri is more flexible than BSC and CSR objectives can be managed at the same level as financial and market ones. A particular hoshin kanri process called "catchball" creates a large consensus and involvement of the st...


The anatomic structure of leaf petiole, stem, seed of Far Eastern endemic Aconitum coreanum was investigated. It is only one species of the Anthora section on the Far East of Russia. An area of the species covers the northeast of China, the peninsula Korea and Primorsky Territory (Russia). The aim of our research was identification of anatomic diagnostic characters of A. coreanum. The anatomic structure of leaf petiole, stem, seed may have taxonomic significance for identification of species and taxonomical groups of Ranunculaceae. Plant material was collected in a blossoming phase. Leaf petioles, parts of stem and seeds were fixed in 70 % ethanol. Anatomical structure of stem and petiole leaves was investigated in the middle part of plant. The anatomic structure of a leaf petiole, stem and seed coat were examined by means of light microscopy. A. coreanum is characterized by petiole radial, V-shape on cross section, with 8–11 collateral vascular bundles of different size; crenate wall of petiole epidermal cells; epidermal cells of the stem with strongly thickened walls; the stem is slightly rib; seeds with three longitudinal wings. The diagnostic characters are the petiole form on the cross section, the quantity of vascular collateral bundles of leaf petiole, the structure of external walls of epidermal cells of petiole, the structure of stem, and the seed form on cross section.


This book gives a full Matlab code for computing a novel hybrid Solc filter for 40 Gbps DWDM optical links. The theoretical description of this filter, its functionality principle and the simulation results are presented as a research article in this book. Readers can easily check the numerical simulation results of the hybrid filter presented in this book by simply executing the appropriate code for each kind of filter.


In the article we have considered in detail the questions of ratios of the economic categories of "insolvency" and "bankruptcy". The model of management of accounting of "insolvency" is considered. Introduction in accounting of the poor debtor of the structured book of accounts is offered


E. Husserl is troubled with the inextricable problem of the view of Ego in his argument, logic and the practice of theory constitution. It is proved that any Ego could only be the Ego in relation to the world. However,Ego cannot avoid encountering the substantiation which results in human-centralism and general human crisis. Therefore ,there appears a necessary tendency to transcend Ego. And the single way of the transcendence is to return to Marx' s objective action.


The steel structure housing,relying on own superiority,has become a new luminescent spot in the housing industry development.This paper introduces the characteristic and the superiority of the steel structure housing,emphatically the commonly system of low-storey,the multi-storey,and high-rise steel structure housing system,and makes the theoretical analysis of the structure performance,and proposes some resistance-lateral force system which agrees with the steel structure housing development in our country recently.


Numerous studies document the urban poor disadvantage in child health conditions in African cities. This study uses DHS data from 23 countries in sub-Saharan Africa to examine whether the urban poor experience comparable disadvantages in maternal health. The results show that although the urban poor on average receive better antenatal and delivery care than rural residents, they consistently have poorer maternal health indicators than the urban non-poor. Further analyses based on a multilevel approach reveal significant variations in urban maternal health inequalities across countries of sub-Saharan Africa. The urban poor disadvantage is more pronounced in countries with better average maternal health indicators, where the urban poor tend to be even worse off than rural residents.


are registered officially; apoplectic attacks are not. Although the deaths are only one feature of the whole picture of apoplexy, they are an important one. In Denmark about 5000 people die from apoplexy each year.about 120 per 100,000 population, but the graph is somewhat surpris¬ ing (Fig. 1). Before 1936, deaths from apoplexy had held at a fairly constant level for many years. The peak in 1947 is well explained by an epidemic of influenza which also increased the general mortality.


By using the low-temperature methanol washing technology to get rid of acid gas in our factory,It was found out that it could effectively remove acid gas and purify the gas as we had expected.Besides,the low-temperature methanol washing technology was so advanced that it would be stable for the quality of gas,meet the demand of production,and succeed in the desulphurization and decarburization of gas with coal being the raw material.


In March 2000, the European Council in Lisbon set out a ten-year strategy to make the EU the world's most dynamic and competitive economy. This so-called Lisbon Strategy is a commitment to bring about economic, social and environmental renewal in the EU. Under the strategy, a stronger economy will drive job creation along with social and environmental policies that ensure sustainable development and social inclusion. Lisbon stands out as the first occasion where quantifiable targets were integrated into the strategic employment aims of the Union. The idea was to transform Europe into 'the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-driven economy by 2010'.


A cosmetic or dermatological composition for treating keratinous material, particularly human hair, including a cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable medium containing at least one silicone-grafted polymer with a polysiloxane backbone grafted by non-silicone organic monomers and at least one amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one fatty chain and at least one hydrophilic unit. Such compositions are particularly suitable for use as rinsable or non-rinsable products for washing and conditioning hair, hair setting or hair styling.


Nonoptimal blood glucose has shown to have a detrimental effect on the patient's daily life.1 In patients without diabetes, their blood sugar is usually maintained between 4mmol/l to 7mmol/l. In diabetic individual with poorly managed diabetes, their blood sugar can rise from 10mmol/l and above.4 High blood sugar together with other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, obesity and high cholesterol levels can further aggravate the clogging process.5 This will cause further damage resulting in diseases of the large vessels such as;


C13H10CI4O2, triclinic, Ρ 1 (No . 2), a = 8 .658(4) Ä , b = 8 .7921(3) Ä, c = 18.766(1) Α, α = 78 .979(4)° , β = 77 .270(4)° , γ = 84 .129(4)° , V= 1365.0 Ä 3 , Ζ= 4, Rgt(F) = 0 .042, wR(F) = 0 .044, Γ = 293 Κ. Source of material The title c o m p o u n d and t w o i somers thereof w e r e p repa red by irradiat ion of a solut ion of chlorani l and t r icyc lo[4 .1 ,0 .0 2 ' 7 ]heptane or b icyc lo[4 .1 .0 ]hep t -2 -ene in benzene wi th vis ib le l ight [1, 2]. Table 2. Atomic coordinates and displacement parameters (in A ).


This paper analyses the theoretical model for annular flow boiling heat transfer in vertical narrow annular channel and develops a mathematical model on the base of the mass, momentum and energy conversation equations of liquid film, as well the momentum equation of vapor core. Liquid film thickness, radial velocity and temperature distribution in liquid film, heat transfer coefficient of inner and outer walls and axial pressure gradient can be obtained by numerically solving the equations. The comparison between predicted results and experimental data shows that they meet each other well. This confirms the rationality of the prediction model for annular flow in narrow annular channel.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing a toner with a small particle diameter having a potato-like shape formed by agglomeration of a plurality of spheric particles, the toner excellent in cleaning property with which high picture quality can be obtained, and to provide an image forming method and the like capable of achieving high picture quality by using a toner manufactured by the above method for manufacturing toner. SOLUTION: The method for manufacturing toner comprises emulsifying or dispersing a toner material prepared by dissolving or dispersing at least a binder resin and a colorant in an organic solvent, into an aqueous medium to form oil drops and removing the organic solvent, wherein, in the step of removing the organic solvent, the viscosity of the oil drops is rendered into a region of non-Newtonian viscosity, and a toner in the shape formed by agglomeration of a plurality of the oil drops is formed. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT


One new flavonoid named (2R,3R)-7-O-galloylplumbocatechin A (1) and three known flavonoids, (−)-5,3',4',5'-tetrahydroxyflavan-7-gallate (2), (+)-3,5,3',4',5'-penta-hydroxyflavan-7-gallate (3), and (−)-7,4'-di-O-galloyltricetiflavan (4), were isolated from Pithecellobium clypearia Benth. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis, including homonuclear and heteronuclear correlation NMR (HSQC and HMBC) experiments. In vitro assays, compounds 1 and 2 showed moderate inhibitory effects against influenza H1N1 virus neuraminidase (NA). Compounds 1–4 were all found to inhibit the expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 or MCP-1 induced by influenza H1N1 virus in human A549 lung carcinoma cells.


Organisational routines have paradoxically been recognised as one of the most important elements of both stability and flexibility in organisational behaviour. Identifying routines as sources of stability, macro-level theories tend to overlook micro-level subjective aspects, such as tacit knowledge, intrinsic motivation, and values. Drawing from the knowledge-creation theory (Nonaka, 1994), this paper synthesises the micro and macro, and the subjective and objective dimensions of organisational routines. Organisational routines are described as sources for stability and flexibility, enabling and constraining thought and action of organisational actors. Examples of routines are provided from two Japanese automakers, Honda and Toyota, to describe a dynamic interaction among individuals and their work environment. Conclusions and research limitations are provided.


The study investigated the conceptual understanding level of 10thgrade students of trained and untrained Physics teachers in boys' secondary schools of district Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan. The objectives of the study were; (1) to find out the conceptual understanding level of the students of trained Physics teachers; (2) to investigate the conceptual understanding level of the students of untrained Physics teachers; and, (3) to explore the difference between the conceptual understanding levels of the students of trained and untrained teachers of Physics. Descriptive Research Strategy was used. Population of the study was all the 10th grade students of trained and untrained Physics teachers of district Karak. Multistage sampling technique was used and total 400 students were selected randomly as sample of the study. A self-developed test was administered as an instrument for the collection of data. The test covered the contents of physical quantities, properties of matter, force, work, power and energy and gravitation. The results of the study revealed that in the selected contents, the overall conceptual understanding of the students of trained Physics teachers was hardly satisfactory. While the conceptual understanding level of the students of untrained Physics teachers was good. Although there was no vital difference, however, the conceptual understanding level of the students of trained Physics teachers was comparatively poorer than the conceptual understanding level of the students of untrained Physics teachers.


The Social Media & Society Conference is an annual international gathering of leading social media researchers from around the world. Now, in its sixth year, the 2015 conference is being held in Toronto, Canada, on July 27-29. The conference's intensive three-day program provides 18 full papers, 78 work-in-progress papers, 5 panels, and 52 posters. The wide-ranging topics in social media showcase research from nearly 400 scholars from 28 different countries working in many fields.


OBJECTIVE
This paper assesses the magnitude of public investment in road safety in Uganda and Pakistan.

METHODS
The study reviewed government budgetary records on expenditure for road safety for each country, as well as World Bank estimates of bilateral and NGO assistance directed to road safety. The authors interviewed key informants in each government who would know about public or NGO activity on road safety.

RESULTS
Budgetary expenditure on road safety at all levels of government in Uganda and Pakistan is $0.09 and $0.07 per capita respectively.

DISCUSSION
The scale of public activity in road safety in Uganda and Pakistan is extremely limited. If there are diminishing returns to scale for road safety investments, this would suggest that the potential effectiveness of properly chosen safety measures could never be higher.

CONCLUSION
Large reductions in morbidity and mortality are likely if investment in road safety is expanded.


Abstract : This monograph discusses planning for the post-conflict phase of Operation IRAQI FREEDOM. More specifically, it examines whether a disparate focus on war-fighting operations during the planning and execution phase of Operation IRAQI FREEDOM is to blame for the lack of progress towards reconstruction. The purpose of this paper is to assess whether planning for Operation IRAQI FREEDOM devoted sufficient attention to the likely requirements of the post-conflict environment. It will analyze whether the failure to plan for this environment exposed realization of the strategic objectives to unnecessary risk. The hypothesis is that the challenges post-conflict Iraq poses to the coalition result, in part, from the failure to anticipate, collaborate and prepare. Could the likely challenges of post-Saddam Iraq have been anticipated? Did government departments and experts collaborate internally and externally to mitigate these challenges? Finally, did political and military leaders prepare thoroughly to meet the ordeals of the post-conflict environment? These three aspects are the criteria against which the performance of the United States Army during the planning and execution of Operation IRAQI FREEDOM are measured. The monograph concludes that the challenges of post-war Iraq were foreseeable if the political and military leadership had collaborated inside and outside of government. Moreover, the failure to properly anticipate and collaborate affected negatively the way in which units prepared for Operation IRAQI FREEDOM. The study suggests that a combination of flawed mental models, groupthink amongst the senior political and military leadership, and military culture are, in part, to blame. Planners cannot affect many of the factors that shape the environment in which they work.


Motivated by recent discussions about sexual education in schools, the article presents an investigation aimed to examine theatre in education (TIE) as medium for that type of education. A TIE programme was developed specifically for that purpose. It was performed in six elementary schools for 395 students. The efficiency was examined through observation and questionnaires. The analysis of the audience response led to the conclusion that TIE is an adequate medium for discussion about puberty and sexuality. Besides that, the investigation suggested which structural characteristics such programmes need in order to achieve educational aims.


Virtual-reality (VR) and augmented-reality (AR) technology is increasingly combined with eye-tracking. This combination broadens both fields and opens up new areas of application, in which visual perception and related cognitive processes can be studied in interactive but still well controlled settings. However, performing a semantic gaze analysis of eye-tracking data from interactive three-dimensional scenes is a resource-intense task, which so far has been an obstacle to economic use. In this paper we present a novel approach which minimizes time and information necessary to annotate volumes of interest (VOIs) by using techniques from object recognition. To do so, we train convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on synthetic data sets derived from virtual models using image augmentation techniques. We evaluate our method in real and virtual environments, showing that the method can compete with state-of-the-art approaches, while not relying on additional markers or preexisting databases but instead offering cross-platform use.


The hydrotalcite-catalyzed synthesis of PET was studied to clarify the effect of hydrotalcite properties on its catalytic activity. Hydrotalcite was modified by various treatments to tune its activity as a polycondensation catalyst. Hydrotalcite activity was found to decrease upon calcination. However, rehydration of the calcinated hydrotalcite resumed the catalytic activity. The hydrotalcite activity depends on the ratio of magnesium to aluminum cations in its composition, and highest activity occurs at a molar ratio of 2:1. Replacement of the carbonate anions of hydrotalcite by more nucleophilic ones like hydroxide and alkoxide groups resulted in improved catalytic activity. Hydrotalcite has two assembly orders: primary lamination of sheets into plates and secondary agglomeration of plates into particles. Hydrotalcite with larger sheet size showed lower activity. On the other hand, milling of hydrotalcite particles did not affect its activity as it probably enters the reaction on a plate level, which is not affected by milling. Polycondensation resulted in expansion of the hydrotalcite sheets under the effect of formed polymer. Reuse of hydrotalcite after polycondensation followed by depolycondensation resulted in a large activity enhancement.


Promoting the use of online consumer health information is critical to achieving the democratic right to know and cannot be separated from facilitating the process of finding and understanding this information. In addition, being informed and being able to share information with a clinician are fundamental principles enabling patient engagement in health care and shared decision making. Online consumer health information may contribute to positive patient outcomes such as improved knowledge, and even better health, while in some situations it also leads to increased worry. This type of negative outcome represents a common experience. Our health is important and therefore anything that touches our health can increase anxiety. In our view, worrying is not a disorder; only occasionally it is an incapacitating cyberchondria. Since 2005, our research has been exploring health information outcomes from the consumers' viewpoint. We are particularly interested in information outcomes such as the types of information use and the types of subsequent health outcomes. Thus, we are currently engaged in a participatory systematic mixed studies review aimed to identify these types of outcomes, and develop a Patient Information Aid, an aid to empower consumers and patients to find, understand, assess, and use online consumer health information.


The theory and practice of accepting the education and teachingin the ideology moral character.The education and teaching in the ideology and moral character, is formed of two parts: one is teaching , the other is accepting. The state and result of accepting would influent directly the ultimate aim of the, quality of education and teaching. Here most important,a key one thought moral education accept logic intermediary of course most.


OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antitumor activity of doxifluridine(DFUR) injection. METHOD Observation the antitumor effects of doxifluridine by ip, iv or po administration on murine sarcoma S180, ip DFUR on hepatoma HepS, leukemia L615 and Ehrlich Cancer ECA, and comparing the activity of ip DFUR with FU, FT207 and 2'-FUdR on S180 in vivo.RESULTS The growth inhibitory rates of ip, iv and po DFUR to S180 were over 80%, the activity of iv FU to S180 was 45%. The growth inhibition of ip DFUR and FU were 78.5% and 67.1% to HepS; the percent increase in lifespan of ip DFUR and FU were 515.9% and 230.2% to L615; 202.0% and 143.7% to ECA. The therapeutic index to S180 were DFUR 2.8, FU 1.3, FT207 1.4 and FUDR 1.5, respectively.CONCLUSION Doxifluridine administered by ip, iv or po shows the growth inhibitory activity to murine tumor models in vivo with much higher therapeutic index than that of FU, FT207 and FUDR.


Due to the strong nonlinearity and multivariable characteristic of novel magnetic-controlled switcher type fault current limiter(FCL) bias current control system,an approach of adaptive bias current control for the FCL based on radial basis function(RBF) neural network was presented.This method builds up an adaptive control RBF neural network and an identification RBF neural network.The system can achieve the bias current real time control,and the experimental results prove that the response speed and current limiting effect can be guaranteed when using the proposed control system.


Objective Study on the affection of matrine conteut in Pingwei capsules by chitosan. Methods Chitosan was applied to clear extracted liquid of Pingwei capsules. It was compared with the procedure of the extraction by water and the precipitation with alcohol and the procedure of high speed rotation. The quality control standard includes the thin layer chromatography(TLC) identification of three Chinese herbs in the capsules and the determination of the matrine was done with double waves TLC scanning. Results Chitosan is better than other two ways. Conclusion The experiment could be used as some references for nature clarificant.


Background: Nitric oxide (NO) is formed not only from L-arginine by a family of NO synthases (NOSs), but also from its inert metabolites, nitrite and nitrate (NOx). Green leafy vegetables are rich ...


The catalog of an exhibition at New York University from January to March 2003, that then travels to Massachusetts and Florida through November. Specialists in modern art place the works, artists, and the exhibition as a whole in historical context. Most of the reproductions are monochrome, but 16 c


Cerium-substituted yttrium iron garnet (CexY3−xFe5O12 or Ce : YIG) thin films with a high Ce content are very hard to achieve because of the solubility limit of Ce in the yttrium iron garnet (YIG) structure. In this work a Ce : YIG target with nominal formula of CeY2Fe5O12 was fabricated by the conventional ceramic method. Phase formation and crystal structure of the samples were investigated by the x-ray diffraction (XRD) method and the results showed that the minimum temperature to get a single phase CeY2Fe5O12 is 1400 °C. CeY2Fe5O12 thin film was deposited on a GGG (4 4 4) single crystal substrate, using the pulsed laser deposition method and its microstructure and magneto-optical (MO) properties were studied. Trying different conditions, a preferred (4 4 4) oriented CeY2Fe5O12 thin film was fabricated under an optimum condition. The results showed that a crystalline CeY2Fe5O12/GGG thin film can be obtained by annealing of the as-deposited film at 600 °C. XRD measurements on the annealed thin film showed that the mean grain size was 38 nm, using Scherrer's formula. Scanning electron microscopy image of the annealed thin film showed that the mean grain size was 35 nm, which is in good agreement with XRD measurements. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of the annealed sample showed that the thin film had a smooth surface. Faraday rotation provided by the thin film at wavelength λ = 635 nm was measured to be 2.4° µm−1 in a magnetic field of 600 mT. Transmission spectrum of the thin film was recorded in the visible and near-infrared regions, from 400 to 1000 nm, and it showed good transparency, more than 78%, in the near-infrared region. These measurements resulted in an MO figure of merit of 0.146, which is one of the highest values reported up to now. It is expected that CeY2Fe5O12 thin films could be used as new Faraday rotator materials, applicable in optical isolators and circulators.


The quality of information systems (IS) is strongly related with the quality of the IS design process and both are fundamental issues in successful IS construction and use process. In the paper we present a two-levelled IS design approach aimed to result in both quality oriented information system design processes and quality information systems.


A two-stage computer-oriented process is described to design the optimum mirror supports for the NASA Large Space Telescope. Using an element model for the mirror, a set of support displacements is determined so as to minimize the rms optical surface disturbances with respect to a best-fit surface. The second stage uses the STRUDL II STOP finite element optimization system (a branch and bound approach) to obtain a minimum weight design for the support structure subject to the displacement constraints.