The invention discloses aqueous road marking paint. The aqueous road marking paint comprises, by weight, 20-40 parts of an ingredient A, 20-40 parts of an ingredient B and 150-300 parts of an ingredient C. The ingredient A comprises, by weight, 10-15 parts of a dispersant, 3-6 parts of a wetting agent, 3-6 parts of an antifoaming agent, 6-7 parts of a thickening agent, 8-10 parts of a levelling agent, 782-822 parts of deionized water and 138-178 parts of a curing agent. The ingredient B comprises aqueous polyester. The ingredient C comprises, by weight, 300-390 parts of premix powder, 130-160 parts of titanium dioxide, 210-270 parts of quartz powder, 260-310 parts of glass beads and 130-12 parts of a glass fabric. The aqueous road marking paint has environmental friendliness, solves the problem that the normal temperature-type road marking paint pollutes the environment and has a short usage life, complex hot melting processes, low efficiency and poor recoatability, has good reflector effects at night and fast drying characteristics, utilizes harmful raw materials with environmental friendliness, has a fast drying rate, is convenient for construction and has a long usage life.


With the rapid increase ofworks by Spanish American writers, the publication of Dance Between Two Cultures acknowledges a literary culture that had previously been somewhat marginalized. Drawing on the "metaphorical dance" between the cultures of Latinos and Anglo-Americans, William Luis identifies emerging patterns, tropes, and themes evident in Latino Caribbean literature that testify to the dynamic interplay of textual referents. Arguably, the border crossings and displacements, both geographical and literary, experienced by these writers place them simultaneously within and beyond a postmodern as well as a postcolonial discourse. Unlike previous publications focused on a single aspect ofLatino literature, Luis integratively approaches works produced by Cuban, Dominican, and Puerto Rican authors living in the United States and writing in English. His work thus adds an important dimension to a literary movement that is gaining recognition in American academic circles. Furthermore, his definition of Latino—"which reflects the lives of those born or raised in the United States" (x)—introduces a necessary distinction into the general term Hispanic; Luis applies Hispanic or Spanish American only to those born or educated in their country of origin. Poems by authors ofCuban, Puerto Rican, and Dominican descent and narratives by Bernardo Vega, Piri Thomas, Oscar Hijuelos, Cristina García, and Julia Alvarez symbolize an outstanding feature of the book, which is the plurality of authors mentioned within the context of a longer literary tradition. Writers such as Cirilo Villaverde, José Martí, and Gonzalo (Pachín) Marín of the nineteenth century, and in more recent periods Reinaldo Arenas, Pedro Juan Soto, and José Luis González, provide the framework for historically contextualizing contemporary authors. In his "Postmeditation," Luis states, "I propose a recontextualization of the past and present, that is, a reappropriation of the two, in which they are read separately and simultaneously as one, allowing the critic to understand more closely how one period (and its narrative) works in terms of the other" (287-88)—a type of reading that Dance Between Two Cultures exemplifies. Luis deftly maneuvers between primary texts and secondary sources to question assumptions about Latino Caribbean literature. While his book complements ideas proposed by critics such as Gustavo Pérez Firmai, Ilán Stavans, Juan Flores, and Julio Marzán, Luis takes these same critics to task in his own readings of their works. For instance, his reading of Julio Marzán's The Spanish Roots ofWilliam Carlos Williams leads him to consider Williams "a precursor for Puerto Rican and Latino writers who attempt to navigate between Hispanic and North American cultures" (42). This consideration, in turn, serves to demonstrate an intertextualization ofLatino Caribbean literature within the context ofHispanic and U.S. literatures. Luis gives close readings of the works he deems most representative of the dance between the Latino minority culture and the dominant Anglo-American one. By examining the different and varying newspaper accounts of the robbery related


We analyze the semileptonic Bs → D ∗2 (2573) � ¯ ν� transition, where � = τ, μ or e, within the standard model. We apply the QCD sum rule approach to calculate the transition form factors entering the low energy Hamiltonian defining this channel. The fit functions of the form factors are used to estimate the total decay widths and branching fractions in all lepton channels. The orders of the branching ratios indicate that this transition is accessible at LHCb in the near future.


The invention discloses a human blood H-FABP nano-gold labeled test paper. The test paper comprises components orderly connected on a fixed plate, which are: a sample pad (1), a gold labeled pad (2), a nitrocellulose filter (3), and absorbent paper (5). Detection line antibodies (5) and control line antibodies (6) are arranged on the nitrocellulose filter (3). Gold labeled antibodies (2) are arranged on the gold labeled pad (2). According to the human blood H-FABP nano-gold labeled test paper provided by the invention, hollow gold nano-shells are used for replacing ball-shaped nano particles which are commonly used in existing colloidal gold test papers. When the test paper provided by the invention is applied in human H-FABP detection, the specificity is high, the result is easy to observe, the sensitivity reaches 7ng/mL, and the result can be read in 15 to 30min. The test paper provides good stability and repeatability, and the detection is easy to operate. With the test paper, no special instrument is required. The test paper provided by the invention can be applied in early-stage diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and acute cardiac injury. The test paper is especially suitable to be popularized and applied in primary level hospitals.


The european markets for some products are strongly regulated by production and price instruments. In the fishing case, the mayority of instruments are adopted in cetralized way from experts who can only with difficulty consider the market pecularities for some species at a national, regional or local level in their analyses. Knowledge of these differentiating issues followed by consideration of the same, could improve the efficiency of the regulatory measures. This paper examines the long term relationship between the price of fresh hake and small hake in the port of Vigo (Spain). The empirical results show that the markets for both goods are interrelated.


This work combines model-based local shape analysis and data-driven local contextual feature learning for improved detection of pulmonary nodules in low dose computed tomography (LDCT) chest scans. We reduce orientation-induced appearance variability by performing intensity-weighted principal component analysis (PCA) to estimate the local orientation at each candidate location. Random comparison primitives defined in a local coordinate system are used to describe the local context around a nodule candidate. A random forest is trained to learn and combine a subset of these primitives into discriminative orientation invariant contextual features and classify nodule candidates. Validation using 99 CT scans from the publicly available Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC) demonstrates the benefit of combining geometric modeling and data-driven machine learning. The proposed method reduces more than 80% of false positives of the baseline model-based method consistently over a wide range of sensitivity levels (70%-90%).


We analyze consumer preferences for airline service attributes between Ponta Delgada and Lisbon: the most important air corridor between the Azores and Mainland Portugal. Owing to stringent regulations, which fall under the European Union Public Service Obligations (PSOs) domain, there are no revealed preferences data suitable to study consumer preferences. Hence, we conduct a stated preferences choice game and estimate a microeconometric model a' la McFadden. Our results are statistically significant and imply willingness to pay measures economically high for attributes such as punctuality warranties and comfort. Willingness to pay for additional daily flights is quite low. This result is important to how should the policy maker liberalize this sector.


T ODAY we are turning to legislation to find the cure for all our difficulties. We are attempting to legislate morality in banking and finance, to control the productivity of the soil, and to regulate the details of business management. It is not the time to discuss the appropriateness of such legislation. No doubt some abuses have been corrected, but human nature has not been greatly changed, and we must still reckon with the natural forces which we cannot control by man-made law. In line with the policy followed in the domestic field, there are many who believe that we should try to legislate permanent peace for the United States in its international relations. A series of bills with this end in view has been presented to Congress and some have already been enacted into law. The measures include legislation affecting our neutrality laws, the control of the arms traffic and manufacture, proposals for the curtailing of our foreign trade and foreign loans, and legislation to take the profit out of war and the preparation for war, through taxation and other means. This legislation is directed to various phases of our economic life, but the objective is not primarily economic, but political; it is intended through economic restrictions to work toward a new course of conduct in our international relations when others go to war. After a period of rather complacent and detached observation of world events following our decision in 1920 on the Versailles Treaty, we have been aroused into action by what has been happening in the Far East, in Europe, and in Africa. We now recognize that we may again have to meet a situation somewhat comparable to that of the period 1914-1917. We have come to realize, and rightly, that we cannot safely base our policy on the theory that there are recognized rights under international law for the protection of our trade and of our nationals. We


Modeling both nominal distortions and signal anomalies
(i.e. Evil waveforms, ICAO threat models) is crucial for
an accurate user error budget for SBAS and GBAS (multi-
frequency, multi-constellation). Such analysis of particu-
lar interest for the ongoing standardization work of L1-
L5 SBAS services. In this paper we propose a method
to jointly estimate the analogue and the digital distortions.
This comes very useful in those cases in which the esti-
mates of the two satellite imperfections are interdependent,
e.g. when the time-bandwidth product is small. The impact
of both satellite imperfections on the ranging performance
of a GNSS receiver is assessed by means of analytical for-
mulas which make use of the Cross-Power Spectrum (CPS)
between the distorted and the ideal signal, and of the Power
Spectral Density (PSD) of the nominal (ideal) signal.


This paper will examine Robert Chambers's and William Whewell's argument over the origin of language, as seen in the former's Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation and the latter's Indications of the Creator.! I will argue that Whewell's reaction to Chambers was as much a reaction to Locke and his followers as it was to Chambers himself. As wide ranging as Chambers's book was, it actually added little to the pre-Darwinian arguments regarding natural history; however, it did add a crowning blow to the question of God's activity in creation by tossing aside Scriptures as a source of knowledge about man's origins. Chambers was content to place the ability to attain such knowledge within the province of natural man and not of providential man. Whewell's response was based not only on his unwillingness to let go of the mind/body distinction but also on his desire to stem the increasing skepticism of his day, for which he blamed the empiricism of "Locke and his followers." While the eighteenth century had been concerned merely with gathering the empirical facts of the world, now that the data were "known," the direction in which they pointed seemed detrimental to faith and threatening to man's salvation.


Brazil recently began granting timber concessions in public forests to promote sustainable forest use. The effectiveness of this strategy hinges on the design and implementation of the concessions themselves as well as their competitive position within the logging sector as a whole. There is, however, a lack of information on the competitive interaction between legal and illegal logging and its effects on concessions profits. We address this knowledge gap by using a spatially explicit simulation model of the Amazon timber industry to examine the potential impact of illegal logging on timber concessions allocation and profits in a 30-year harvest cycle. In a scenario in which illegal logging takes place outside concessions, including private and public "undesignated" lands, concession harvested area would decrease by 59% due to competition with illegal logging. Moreover, 29 out of 39 National Forests (≈74%) would experience a decrease in harvested area. This "leakage" effect could reduce concession net rents by up to USD 1.3 Billion after 30 years. Federal and State "undesignated" lands, if not adequately protected, could have 40% of their total volume illegally harvested in 30 years. Our results reinforce the need to invest in tackling illegal logging, if the government wants the forest concessions program to be successful.


We present a novel segmentation approach for Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation (PB-SMT) to languages where word boundaries are not obviously marked by using both monolingual and bilingual information and demonstrate that (1) unsegmented corpus is able to provide the nearly identical result compares to manually segmented corpus in PB-SMT task when a good heuristic character clustering algorithm is applied on it, (2) the performance of PB-SMT task has significantly increased when bilingual information are used on top of monolingual segmented result. Our technique, instead of focusing on word separation, mainly concentrate on character clustering. First, we cluster each character from the unsegmented monolingual corpus by employing character co-occurrence statistics and orthographic insight. Secondly, we enhance the segmented result by incorporating the bilingual information which are character cluster alignment, co-occurrence frequency and alignment confidence into that result. We evaluate the effectiveness of our method on PB-SMT task using English-Thai language pair and report the best improvement of 8.1% increase in BLEU score. There are two main advantages of our approach. First, our method requires less effort on developing the corpus and can be applied to unsegmented corpus or poor-quality manually segmented corpus. Second, this technique does not only limited to specific language pair but also capable of automatically adjust the character cluster boundaries to be suitable for other language pairs.


The research subject is the analysis of the possible ways to achieve stakeholder compliance in the brownfield regeneration process. The aim of the paper is to show urban planning mechanisms that are used for the establishment of cooperation between different stakeholders involved in brownfield regeneration. It is important to explain the possible ways of collaboration between different institutions, but also between different sectors (public, private and civil society). In the very beginning of the paper, the current trends in the brownfield regeneration are shown, both in developed and post-socialist countries. However, the rest of the text relates to the topic of brownfield regeneration in Central European states. Precisely, the overview of the institutional aspect of brownfield regeneration within the planning system in the Czech Republic and Hungary is indicated. The determination of the responsible institutions for the brownfield regeneration process is of particular importance. Also, it is significant to examine if the collaboration is prescribed by the main laws in the field of spatial planning or not. However, the focus of research concerns the collaborative procedures to achieve the successful regeneration of brownfields. Those results stem from the analysis of the brownfield sites examples. Namely, the first example relates to the regeneration of military complex in the Czech town of Uherske Hradiste, while the second case indicates the regeneration of unhygienic settlement in Budapest. The final section of the paper systemizes the experiences from the developing countries in terms of collaborative procedures in brownfield regeneration process. This provides insight into the possible general model of brownfield regeneration.


The 15 October 2013 magnitude (MW) 7.2 Bohol earthquake produced an ~50‐km‐long, ~12‐km‐wide northeast trending zone of uplift with an ~8‐km‐long discontinuous ground rupture indicating predominantly reverse‐slip movement on a southeast dipping fault. Documentation of the nearly continuous northern terminus of the 2013 Bohol earthquake ground rupture revealed its association to preexisting scarps of the previously unmapped, Quaternary‐active North Bohol Fault. Trenching across the rupture at four sites not only reveals the geometry and kinematics of the fault but also shows at least one or two pre‐2013 surface rupturing events. Onshore geologic mapping and offshore seismic reflection profiles demonstrate the presence of an island‐wide, northeast‐southwest trending fold‐and‐thrust belt through which deformation related to the regional shortening across the Visayan Sea Basin in the central Philippines is likely distributed.


Passengers traveling by air demand for Internet connectivity to effectively utilize their valuable in-flight time. Recently, direct air-to-ground (A2G) communications for in-flight Internet access have attracted extensive attention and research due to the low propagation delay and deployment cost. However, in the current A2G network, the commercial aircraft selects a ground base station with the highest received signal strength for data transmissions, which may cause congestion at busy ground base stations and increase the traffic delay when Internet traffic demands of passengers are high. In this paper, a software-defined A2G framework is proposed to efficiently and flexibly select multiple ground base stations for data transmissions from a global perspective. We use a bipartite graph to model in-flight Internet access network and develop a flow deviation method for matching to optimize the allocation of Internet traffic flows to aircraft through multiple ground base stations. The proposed scheme can achieve load balance among ground base stations and minimize the traffic delay in the network. Besides, we consider the optimality gap introduced by unpredictable network changes and delayed network reconfigurations and propose a re-route policy to keep the gap small while minimizing the network reconfiguration cost. Finally, numerical performance evaluation validates our traffic optimization scheme and re-route policy.


for an Invited Paper for the MAR11 Meeting of The American Physical Society Heike Kamerlingh Onnes and the Road to Superconductivity DIRK VAN DELFT, Director Museum Boerhaave The discovery of superconductivity on 8 April 1911 came as a big surprise. It was stumbled upon in the Leiden cryogenic laboratory of Heike Kamerlingh Onnes in a moment of serendipity. Three years before, the liquefaction of helium on the other hand had been the culmination of a long battle with nature. It was a meticulously prepared operation, "big science" in its first appearance. Until recently, careless notebook entries by Kamerlingh Onnes and his terrible handwriting had hindered a complete view to the road to superconductivity. Even a date of the fascinating discovery was lacking. How did the discovery fit into the Leiden research program? What about the research effort Kamerlingh Onnes had to put in to be sure he had found superconductivity rather than a short-circuit? What about superfluidity? Once the right interpretation of the notebooks is clear, the real story can be told.


Quality of Service (QoS)-aware web service composition is one of the challenging problems in service-oriented computing. The seamless proliferation of web services makes difficult to find an optimal web service during composition that satisfies the requirements of a user. QoS-aware web service composition problems are solved using continuous optimization algorithms with a suitable encoding scheme to adopt continuous optimization to discrete optimization. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy encoding scheme where a solution is represented as a fuzzy matrix and the composition of web services is obtained using the fuzzy matrix and the global QoS attributes are computed. Discrete Fuzzy Bat Algorithm (DFBA), Discrete Fuzzy Cuckoo Search (DFCS) and Discrete Fuzzy Particle Swarm Optimization (DFPSO) are developed by using our proposed fuzzy solution encoding. We present an empirical comparison of performance of DFBA, DFCS, and DFPSO on a set of real world web services, to select a best web service composition that optimizes QoS attributes.


This study aimed to develop a tool capable of expressing mathematically the rate of fertilizer application depending on the type of distributor, longitudinal slope, cross slope and driving speed of distributor. Three helical distributors with gravity discharge, transverse discharge through overflow and side discharge through overflow were used. The central composite rotational design with three independent variables was adopted. From the adjusted models it was found that the discharge devices have different implications for the effects of longitudinal and transversal slopes of operation. The distributor with gravity discharge showed greater sensitivity to the effects of slopes and the distributor side discharge through overflow showed lower sensitivity. Regression analysis showed that all models were significant, and found low relative and absolute errors of the data predicted by the models.


The total protein concentration of exudates released from sterile intact roots of various species (e.g., corn, pea, sunflower) fluctuated markedly during plant development. One major, sometimes with two or three minor, fast-moving soluble protein bands (globulin and albumin) and one weak basic protein band were detected by disc electrophoresis at various developmental stages, whereas 12 to 14 soluble protein bands were detected in seedling roots and at least 16 were distinguished in mature roots. Only one basic protein band was detected in root homogenates and exudates. When individual exudate samples collected at about weekly intervals for 85 days were combined before analysis, 9 to 14 bands were detected, indicating that many, but not all, of the proteins present in roots were liberated, but, with the exception of one or two components, in quantities too low for detection. Comparison of exudates from plants grown in sand or liquid culture indicated that release of proteins did not result from injury of ...


The azm of thrs sh& was to estimate the long-term effectiveness of random breath testing (RBV. using time series analyses of statrstical data on accidents and police enforcement in four Au.~trahan states: New South Wales (RBT introduced December 17, 198Z), Queensland (December I , 1988), Western Australra (October 1. 1988), and Tasmania seasonal, weather, economic and road user factors, and decomposed the overall impact of RBT into three components: (January 6, 1983). Daily accident data were analysed utilising a log-lrnear model that controlled for a range of an Infroduction effect (with a decay period that could be estimated), a Program effect (not enforcement relatedi, and the effects of ongoing enforcement (with provrsion for lagged effects of dfferent durations representing "residual deterrence'?. RBT had an immediate, substantial and permanent impact on accidents in all states except Tasmania, where there was a substantial initial impact that could not be demonstrated to have persisted beyond about three months The Tusmanian result may reflect the shape of the time series, with steep declrnes in the 1970s followed by a levelling off levels of media publici@, despite relatively high levels of enforcement. Results were most clear for New South Wales, in accidents zn the I980s. us well as low accident numbers, giving limited statisticalpox'er. It may also be related to low where RBT reduced fatal accrdents initially by 48% and by 15% on a permanent basis. However, RBT in New South Introduction effect, and was "saved" only by increased levels of enforcement that had a substantial "residual deterrent" Wales almost ceased to have any impact on some series of accrdents in the late 1980s due to the decay m the effect. It was estimatedfrom the models that an increase of 1000 in the daily testing rate corresponded to a decline of 6% in serious accidents and 19% in single-vehicle night-time accidents. These effects were additional to those quoted above, but the relationships were non-linear, with diminishing returm as the change in number of daily tests was made larger. No clear relationships behveen enforcement levels and acczdents were found for other states, with the partial exceptton Australia and Queensland, while the .05 law in New South Wales and Queemland achieved results similar in size to de of Tasmanza RBT achieved accident reductions approximately 50% higher than the de facto programs in Western facto RBT The major recommendation is that all states should increase hrghly vrsrble statronary RBT to a level equivalent to one test per licence holder per year. This could be accomplished in a cost effective manner by usmg general duties police and highway patrol vehicles. and by ufiiising the management techniques embodied in the random roadwatch program.


SUMMARY Based on a reformulation of the classical concept of Moral Economy that problematizes discourses and practices of asylum, this paper poses a critical reflection of the so-called 2015 European «Refugee Crisis». It first proposes a historical scrutiny of the uses and meanings of the categories of refuge and asylum, which creates the analytical context to explore the transformations in the representations of the individuals involved in migratory movements as well as the social legitimacy of their claims. In order to do so, the paper analyzes the evolution of the right of asylum in Europe from a multiplicity of lenses —etymological, historical, geographical— as a preamble to the study of its decline in the last decades. The paper concludes that the tens of thousands of people crossing the Mediterranean


The gadwall is widely distributed throughout the western two-thirds of North America. Although its primary breeding habitat is in the droughtprone and degraded waterfowl habitats of the northern Great Plains, its continental population has remained relatively stable while those of most other dabbling ducks have declined. Some unique life history traits may in part be responsible for the resilience of gadwall populations. These unique attributes, which are important for gadwall management, are the subject of this leaflet. Readers interested in general references on gadwall biology and natural history are referred to Bellrose (1980) or Palmer (1976).


The present invention relates to compounds of the formula are modulators of chemokine receptor (I). The compounds of the present invention, the compositions are useful in the treatment of diseases related to chemokine receptor expression and / or activity.


It is the view of the National Commission on Forensic Science (NCFS) that the forensic science community should endeavor to make terminology more consistent within a particular discipline and across disciplines. Adoption of terminology is a fundamental step to clear communication of scientific testing results and conclusions. Clear and consistent language within, as well as across, forensic disciplines will improve communication among scientists, law enforcement, lawyers, judges, and the public. This document summarizes problems that result from the inconsistent use of terminology within and across disciplines.


The aim of this study was on verifying the prevalence of physical activity between the genders with different economical conditions of young students in the city of Rio de Janeiro. It was selected 214 students from a private school (n = 100; age = 15, 7 ± 1,0) and from two public schools (n = 114; age = 16,4 ± 1,0). We used two questionnaires, one aiming on verify economical class and another on identifying gender, age, study place, physical activity participants and the reasons of the non-participants. After descriptive analyses, among the 214 subjects, 51% are physically active (PA) and 49% physically inactive (PI). The PA proportion reduces linearly while the economical class reduces the same for young men as for young women. The main reason for the inactivity was "lack of time" in both genders. The results indicated high level of PI between the young students, principally young women from a lower economical class.


Numerical modeling of the harmonic motion of a layered phononic crystal (elastic periodic composite) with a set of co-planar strip-like cracks and the accompanying wave phenomena are studied. To simulate an incident field, a transfer matrix method is used. This method allows one to calculate wave-fields and to estimate band gaps and localization factor. The wave-field scattered by a set of strip-like cracks is a superposition of the wave-fields scattered by each crack. All the scattered wave-fields have integral representations in the form of convolution of Fourier symbols of Green's matrix of the corresponding layered structures and the Fourier transform of crack opening displacements. Crack opening displacements are calculated by applying the Bubnov-Galerkin scheme along with the boundary integral equation method. To solve the system of integral equations, Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind are used because they take into account the square root behaviour of crack opening displacement. The system of linear algebraic equations arising after discretization is composed of matrices describing interactions between cracks. Wave characteristics that allow describing wave phenomena related to elastic wave diffraction by a set of cracks are analysed, and corresponding examples are given. Resonance scattering by a system of cracks depending on the defect situation is investigated, the streamlines of wave energy flows are constructed, and the results are discussed.


This paper deals with the systematization of ship's distributed interactive simulation. Introduces briefly the problems and the latest research results at home and abroad. Analyzes the features, the function, the basic structure of ship's distributed interactive simulation system. A simple systemic structure is described.


This paper reviews the progress in surgical techniques of congenital scoliosis,including in situ posterior spinal fusion surgery,the convex side of epiphysis block surgery,posterior instrumentation correction and fusion surgery,hemivertebra resection,spinal osteotomy technology,growth stick technology,thoracic expansion forming operation,vertical expansion opened and the thorax titanium rib prosthesis surgery.


Introduction:  MOPP chemotherapy is useful for relapsed canine lymphoma. This study evaluates the efficacy of this protocol after substitution of CCNU (lomustine) or BiCNU (carmustine) for mechlorethamine (C/B-OPP).

Methods:  Patient signalment, response to chemotherapy, toxicity and survival data were abstracted from medical records of dogs from receiving C/B-OPP between 1998 and 2004.

Results:  Fifty-eight dogs received C/B-OPP rescue chemotherapy during the study period. The median remission duration after initial chemotherapy, consisting of CHOP-based therapy in 91% of dogs, was 133 days (range, 10 to 932 days). Thirty-eight of fifty-eight dogs (66%) responded to C/B-OPP rescue after relapse (22 CR, 16 PR), for a median of 48 days (range, 2 to 359 days). Overall, C/B-OPP extended survival by a median of 90 days (range, 2 to 426 days). Twenty-four dogs (41%) experienced one or more episodes of Grade II or higher gastrointestinal toxicity. Forty-one dogs (71%) experienced one or more episodes of Grade II or higher hematologic toxicity. Twelve dogs (20%) developed regenerative anemia with diarrhea consistent with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Treatment delays due to hematologic toxicity occurred in 37 dogs (63%). There were 16 nonfatal treatment-related episodes of sepsis requiring hospitalization. 5 dogs died due to sepsis and/or chemotherapy-related complications.

Conclusions:  C/B-OPP chemotherapy has activity against relapsed canine lymphoma which is similar to that of traditional MOPP rescue therapy. Moderate to severe hematologic toxicity was observed. Further work is warranted to optimize drug doses and scheduling.


We consider the problem of Breadth First Search (BFS) traversal on massive sparse undirected graphs. Despite the existence of simple linear time algorithms in the RAM model, it was considered non-viable for massive graphs because of the I/O cost it incurs. Munagala and Ranade [29] and later Mehlhorn and Meyer [27] gave efficient algorithms (refered to as MR BFS and MM BFS, respectively) for computing BFS level decompositions in an external memory model. Ajwani et al. [3] implemented MR BFS and the randomized variant of MM BFS using the external memory library STXXL and gave a comparative study of the two algorithms on various graph classes. In this paper, we review and extend that result demonstrating the effectiveness and viability of the BFS implementations on various other synthetic and real world benchmarks. Furthermore, we present the implementation of the deterministic variant of MM BFS and show that in most cases, it outperforms the randomized variant.


A rinse aid composition to reduce corrosion of glassware, a) from about 0.01% to about 70% by weight of at least one water-soluble metal salt; b) from about 0.01% to about 25 wt% at least one of d) a dispersant polymer, perfume, and mixtures thereof; and e) optionally, acid acid; c) from about nonionic from 0.01 wt% to about 60 wt% surfactant , dispersant polymer, perfume, hydrotrope, binder, carrier medium, antibacterial active substances, dyes, and is selected from the group consisting of mixtures, characterized in that it comprises at least one component, the rinse aid composition things, when measured at 10% concentration in an aqueous solution, having a pH of less than about 5, rinse aid compositions.


A quick reference guide for administrators, to set up the FAXability 3.0 Server Website on a NET SatisFAXtion Fax Server.


The strengthening of the Party's ministerial capacity must comply with the situations and tasks the Party is facing, and active and positive measures should be taken to deal with all kinds of challenges that the Party is faced with. At present, the challenges and ordeals that our Party's ministerial capacity is facing are from abroad, at home, inside the Party as well as the objectives and tasks of the Party. In face of all the complicated challenges, the key task of the Party is to enlarge the Party's representativeness, strengthen the Party's combatant force, rule for the people and materialize the most fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.


Background By March 2021, South Africa experienced two waves of SARS-CoV-2 infections; the second associated with emergence of Beta variant. We estimated the burden and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 over the two waves. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study during July 2020-March 2021 in one rural and one urban community. Mid-turbinate nasal swabs were collected twice-weekly from consenting household members irrespective of symptoms and tested for SARS-CoV-2 using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Serum was collected every two months and tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Household cumulative infection risk (HCIR) was defined as the proportion of household members with infection following SARS-CoV-2 introduction. Findings Among 71,759 nasal specimens from 1,189 members (follow-up rate 93%), 834 (1%) were SARS-CoV-2-positive. By PCR detection and serology combined, 34% (406/1189) of individuals experienced [≥]1 SARS-CoV-2 infection episode, and 3% (12/406) experienced reinfection. Infection by PCR and/or serology before the second wave was 84% (95% confidence interval (CI) 65%-93%) protective against re-infection. Of 254 PCR-confirmed episodes with available data, 17% (n=43) were associated with [≥]1 symptom, of which 21% (9/43) were medically attended. Among 222 included households, 161 (73%) had [≥]1 SARS-CoV-2-positive individual. HCIR was 16% (66/411). On multivariable analysis, index case lower cycle threshold value (OR 5.8, 95% CI 1.8-19.1), urban community (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.5-6.2) and infection with Beta variant (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.6-8.4) were associated with increased HCIR. HCIR was similar for symptomatic (8/67,12%) and asymptomatic (61/373, 16%) index cases (p-0.302). Interpretation In this study, 83% of SARS-CoV-2 infections were asymptomatic and index case symptom status did not affect HCIR, suggesting a limited role for control measures targeting symptomatic individuals. Previous infection was protective against SARS-CoV-2 infection in the second wave although household transmission increased following the emergence of Beta variant. Funding US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention


It is made (23) of a digital line-connected data interface and the asynchronous clock-pulse system (22) of a digital wireless data interface, a differential clock pulse compensation between the clock system. Here, a difference for the asynchronous clock between the clock systems (22, 23) variable characterizing (20, 21) is monitored. The data rate of data transmitted over the line-connected data interface data (15, 16) in dependence on the characteristic variable (20, 21) adapted.


Metal-Containing Heterocycles: Preparation, Properties, Reactions, LXXVII. – Synthesis, Structure and Reactivity of Phosphametallacyclopropanes with Isolobal ER (E = N,P,As,Sb) and Fe(CO)4 Building Blocks

The phosphidometallates {[M] = (η5-C5H5)M-(CO)2}, resulting from the metal hydride complexes H[M]PPh2H [M = Cr (1), Mo (2), W (3)] by reduction with nBuLi, react with the geminal dihalides RECl2 to give the three-membered phosphametallacyclopropanes [ER = NC6F5 (M = Cr (1a), Mo (2a), W (3a)), PPh (M = Cr (1b), Mo (2b), W (3b)), PC6H11 (M = Cr (1c), Mo (2c), W (3c)), P-tBu (M = Cr (1d), Mo (2d), W (3d)), P(2,4,6-(tBu)3C6H2) (M = Cr (1e), Mo (2e), W (3e)), As(2,4,6-(tBu)3C6H2) (M = Cr (1f), Mo (2f), W (3f)), Sb-tBu (M = Cr (1g), Mo (2g))]. Reaction of Br2Fe(CO)4 with the corresponding dilithium compounds affords the phosphido-bridged heterodimetallic complexes . According to X-ray structural analyses in 2a and 2f the P – E bond distances are shortened while the Mo – E bonds are significantly elongated compared to a single bond. (OC)5CrTHF is added to the Lewis basic E atom in 2b, 2d, and 2g with loss of THF to give P-tBu (4d), Sb-tBu (4g)]. By this reaction the antimony-containing ring 2g is kinetically stabilized. Because of the low basicity of the N atom in 2a no addition was observed. The ring skeleton of 4b and 4g, undergoes no change by Cr(CO)5 coordination as shown by X-ray structural analyses.


SUMMARY Objectives. To calculate occupational morbidity and mortality in Spain in 1999 based on similar estimations from other studies. Methods. Mortality was obtained from attributable risks calculated for the Finnish population. Incidence was obtained from incidence rates estimated in a Canadian study. Prevalence was obtained from the results of a survey carried out by the European Union in a representative sample of European workers. Results. According to our estimations, there were 15,264 deaths related to occupational exposures in Spain in 1999. Cancer and cardiovascular and respiratory diseases accounted for 91% of occupational deaths. In 1999 there were more than 92,000 new cases of occupational diseases (63.52 per 10,000 workers), being the highest incidences for musculoskeletal diseases, hearing loss, dermatitis and cancer. The prevalence of occupational diseases was 537 per 10,000 workers, with almost 800,000 workers affected in 1999 mostly by musculoskeletal diseases and psychological problems. According to these results, 83% of occupational diseases in Spain are not recognised or registered. In official registers death by occupational diseases is non-existent. Conclusions. It is our opinion that estimates from this study are conservative. While we wait for more specific data to be applied to the working population in Spain, our results point out the urgent need to develop preventive actions intended to reduce occupational diseases in Spain.


Objective
To observe the effect of miR-132 transfection on proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer SW1990, and to explore the underlying mechanism.

Methods
The expression of miR-132 in the pancreatic cancer tissue and the adjacent tissues in 28 pancreatic cancer patients were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). miR-132 was transfected into SW1990 cells by using liposome method, untransfected cells and cells with missense miR-132 transfection were used as black control and negative control. The proliferation and apoptosis was detected by CCK-8 assay and DAPI staining. The transfected cells were implanted in nude mice as xenograft tumor, and TUNEL was used to detect the apoptosis; immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Ki-67 and mucin-4 protein in the xenograft tumors and mucin-4, HER-2, p-FAK protein in transfected cells.

Results
The expression levels of miR-132 in pancreatic cancer tissue and adjacent tissues were 0.46±0.11 and 1.24±0.36, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression level of miR-132 in transfected SW1990 cells was 2.95±0.46, which were significantly higher than those in negative control(0.84±0.17); the survival rate of transfected cells at 48, 72, 96 h was 56.5%, 44.7%, 37.4% of negative control cells. The apoptosis rate in transfected cells was 41.6%, and the corresponding value was 5.7% in negative control, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The expression levels of mucin-4, HER-2, p-FAK in nagative control were 2.94±0.42, 1.75±0.37 and 2.74±0.24, and the corresponding values in transfected cells were 0.76±0.14, 0.34±0.04 and 0.27±0.03, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). In vivo, the growth of xenograft tumors in transfected nude mice was significantly inhibited [(0.23±0.05) vs (0.59±0.13)g, P<0.05], the apoptosis of xenograft tumor cells was significant increased [(21.7±4.7)% vs (5.2±0.7)%, P<0.05]. The expressions of mucin-4 and Ki-67 protein in nagative control was 281.34±36.62 and 148.05±21.34, and the corresponding values in transfection group were 64.35±7.16 and 30.75±4.61, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).

Conclusions
miR-132 transfection has an effect of inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis on SW1990 cells, and the mechanism may be down-regulation of mucin-4, HER-2, p-FAK protein rxpression.

Key words:
Pancreatic neoplasms; MicroRNAs; Cell proliferation; Apoptosis


Some well-known methods involving first derivative create numer- ical difficulties and fail to converge in the neighborhood of t required root, so that in this paper, we have constructed two new sixth order and one seventh order convergence derivative free methods for solving nonlinear equations. The proposed methods are based on composition of Newton's method with known methods. Each derivative free method requires four functional evaluations per iteration. The new methods attain the efficiency indexes 1.56 and 1.63 respec- tively, which makes them competitive. Convergence analysis and numerical examples are also given to illustrate and compare the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed methods with existing methods. AMS Subject Classification: 65H04, 65H05


Working memory (WM) plays a critical role in cognitive skills such as, learning, reasoning, and language comprehension. WM capacity is widely used as a predictor of academic performance and many other cognitive skills. Yet, how the human brain coordinates this complex skill through its functional networks and also whether individual's WM limitations are due to contrasts in regional activation or cross-regional interconnections, remain controversial. We hypothesized that, individual differences in behavioral WM capacity could be explained by temporal dynamics in functional coupling, and the information flow within the connectome of the WM network. We recorded electrical brain activity as participants performed a visual WM task with varying degrees of cognitive load. Functional connectivity analyses on the EEG recordings were performed to identify prominent hubs and the temporal segmentation of inter-regional activities as WM processing unfolds over time. We found that neural communication during memory processing occurs predominately through short pulses of alpha-band (8–13 Hz) phase coupling that propagate in a temporally sequential manner with feedforward (bottom-up) and feedback (top-down) communication within a set of frontoparietal and fronto-temporal regions of brain. We also observed that the degree of phase coupling within fronto-parietal/temporal pathways strongly predicts working memory capacity. Additionally, this functional connectivity could distinguish individual with low vs. high WM capacity. These results underscore the importance of long-range neural network communication (phase synchrony) in WM skills and additionally the significance of temporal dynamics in functional connectivity and in particular phase synchrony.


This piece present some thoughts that have emerged from the work carried out with real testimonies from Argentine political emigrants. It is based on the analysis of some of the discursive variations used by the interviewees, their silences, that which they "forget", their manner of structuring their memories and all those non-linguistic elements that characterised their communication with the interviewer. There is a special interest in reflecting on how these discursive elements are also a source that can generate meanings on the problem of exile. The analysis of these issues allows us to approach the complexity of the problems that have appeared in recent Argentinean history and the sense overload that encapsulates the concept and identity of the "exiled".


Pneumocephalus is defined as the presence of air in any of the intracranial compartments. Its most frequent causes are trauma and cranial surgery. Clinical signs occur as a result of increased intracranial pressure and vary with the location and extent of the lesion. A case involving a seven-month-old female Saint Bernard, who suffered cranial trauma caused by a bite to the face at ten days of age and had presented with seizures and localized pain four months previously is reported. A computed tomography scan of the skull revealed a nasocephalic mass with low contrast enhancement, bone lysis, and hypodensity (-940 Hounsfield units) of the lateral and third ventricles, indicating intraventricular pneumocephalus. During surgery, a fragment of the mass was collected for histopathological examination, which demonstrated the presence of multifocal areas of necrosis. The computed tomography (CT) is a reliable method for the characterization of intracranial lesions and diagnosis of pneumocephalus, whose occurrence must be considered in pathological processes in which there is increased intracranial pressure and in patients undergoing certain surgical procedures and anesthetic specific, and CT is indicated as a monitoring tool for these patients.


One hundred sixty-one esophageal manometric studies were performed on 106 pts using infusion system previously described for adults.(1) Flow rate was 0.6 cc/min. Three fused esophageal catheters with outside diameter of 3.1 mm and internal diameter of 0.8 mm/catheter were used. Sixty-three pts had gastroesophageal reflux, 29 normal, 14 other esophageal diseases. Amplitude (A) and duration (D) of peristaltic contractions and velocity (V) of contraction wave down esophagus were determined on 13 pts without identifiable esophageal disease (6 < 2 yrs, 7 > 2 yrs). Data expressed as mean ± SD.Conclusions: (1) No difference in A, D or V in pts < 2 or > 2 yrs. (2) Infusion system allows for use of low flow rates and small catheter size. (3) Abnormalities in peristalsis can be quantitated in pediatric patients. (1) Arndorfer RC. Gastro 73. 1977.


A delay in transversus abdominis (TrA) activation in anticipation of postural adjustments has been implicated in incidences of chronic lower back pain (CLBP) (Hodges, 2001, Experimental Brain Research, 141, 261–266). However, measuring TrA activity is problematic as it lies deep within the abdominal cavity. Rehabilitative ultrasonic imaging (RUSI) is a non-invasive method which has been used to assess TrA morphology and function (Koppenhaver et al., 2009, Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 55,153–169). Few studies have investigated TrA thickness with external oblique (EO) and internal oblique (IO) in different positions with respiration controlled. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the reliability of RUSI to capture EO, IO and TrA thickness variations of an asymptomatic population while adopting differing positions and controlling respiratory phase. Based on evidence within the review by Koppenhaver et al. (2009) and with institutional ethics approval, 21 participants (9 males, 21 + 1 years; 1.65 + 6 m; 67.9 + 5.4 kg; 13 females, 21 + 1 years, 1.76 + 4 m; 59.8 + 7.3 kg) were randomly assigned the order of positions to adopt (standing [STND], sitting [SIT], crook lying [CL] and supine lying [SL]) using latin square design. A DU 7LS linear probe was placed lateral to the linea alba and optimised for image quality. Three images of TrA, IO and EO were captured at inhalation (IN) and exhalation (EX) in each position using the Mindray M7 (10 MHz). TrA, EO and IO thickness measurements were standardised using an on-screen calliper placed 0.01 m lateral to the anterior abdominal fascia (AAF). Intra-rater (sonographer) reliability revealed coefficient of variations (CoV) for TrA (0.19–3.86%) thickness. Measurement reliability of muscle thickness revealed CoV for TrA (0.01–3.65%), IO (0–3%) and EO (0.1–4.3%). All CoV values were low; below the 10% recommended by Atkinson and Nevill (1998, Sports Medicine, 26, 217–238). TrA and IO were significantly thicker in all positions at EX (P < 0.05) with largest mean differences (MD) seen in the SIT position at EX for TrA (P < 0.05; MD = 0.095; 95% CI = 0.053 to 0.136) and STND at EX for IO (P < 0.05; MD = 0.087; 95% CI = 0.036 to 0.138). There were no significant differences in EO thickness. RUSI is a reliable tool to measure TrA, IO and EO muscle thickness. Only STND elicited statistically significant greater IO thickness than SL, but future studies should control the phase of respiration and body position as all positions indicated notional differences that should be considered in future investigations.


Boar semen is extremely vulnerable to temperature variation, and sensitive to lipoperoxidation damage, because its membrane contains high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (BONDAN, C. Am J of Biochm Biotech. in press. 2016). The structural differences in the lipid layers and the process of "cryo-capacitation" can explain the sensitivity of the swine sperm cells to cryopreservation (BAILEY, J.L. J Androl. v. 21, p. 1-7, 2000). Melatonin is an amphiphilic antioxidant capable of penetrating in cellular compartments, protecting the cells from oxidative damage (REITER, R.J. News Physiol. Sci. v.15, p.246-250, 2000). Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether different concentrations of melatonin have protective effect to the acrosome membrane of cryopreserved swine sperm. For this, the rich fraction of 5 ejaculates from 3 boars was diluted with commercial extender in the ratio 1:1. Samples were kept at 20°C for 120 min and then conditioned at 15°C for 180 min. Then, the ejaculate was centrifuged (1600xg/5min/15°C) and the sediment was resuspended in 1:2 semen:cooling extender (CE - 80% lactose solution 11% and 20% of egg yolk) and kept at 5°C for 90 minutes. At the end of this period, the same volume of freezing extender (FE - 89.5% CE, 1.5% Ex Orvus Paste and 9% glycerol) was added to reach a final sperm concentration of 5x109/ml. Melatonin was added to extenders CE and FE, with a final concentration of 0; 1.25; 2.5 to 5 mM. Semen was then transferred to a 0.5ml straw and kept for 20min in nitrogen vapor and then immersed in liquid nitrogen. Samples were thawed at 37°C for 20 seconds. Further, semen was diluted to 1:4 with commercial extender and centrifuged (800xg/3 min). The pellet was resuspended again in commercial extender. Samples were evaluated for motility (under phase contrast microscopy) and acrosomal membrane integrity using FITC-Pisum sativum (FITC – PSA, 11.7 mg / mL) by flow cytometry (BD-Accuri). Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED (SAS® Institute Inc., Cary, NC, EUA). The Tukey test was used to compare the mean of the minimum squares of the group and the data are presented as mean of percentage ± SD. Regression analysis was performed in Instat® (Graphpad Instat: GraphPad Software Oberlin, San Diego – CA, USA). There was no difference between melatonin concentrations in percentage of motility after thawing [(32.66% ± 2.69 (0); 35.00% ± 2.69 (1.25 mm); 39.50% ± 2.8 (2.5 mM) and 37.3% ± 2.69 (5 mM)]. No effect was identified on acrosome integrity, being the percentage of post-thaw acrosomes integrity of 51.96% ± 3.64 (0); 49.13% ± 3.64 (1.25 mM); 47.48% ± 3.64 (2.5 mM) and 48.80% ± 3.78 (5 mM). There was no correlation between melatonin concentrations and motility (r = -0.072, p = 0.58) and the percentage of post-thaw intact acrosomes (r = 0.1419, p = 0.283). We concluded that the addition of melatonin in the concentrations used did not have a protective effect on the acrosomal membrane for cryopreservation of boar semen.


Desmoplastic mesothelioma typically represents an extremely rare histological subtype of sarcomatoid malignant mesothelioma that usually presents with a diffuse pattern of growth [1] and is commonly found in the pleura and peritoneum. The case of localized intrapulmonary desmoplastic mesothelioma is especially rare, although few cases of true intraparenchymal mesothelioma arising in lung have been described [2,3]. It is dif icult to diagnose these tumors clinically and radiologically, and they can inally be con irmed through pathological examination with immunohistochemistry. The current study reports a case of primary intrapulmonary desmoplastic mesothelioma characterized by a localized mass and without pleural invasion. In addition, the clinical and pathological features of this unusual tumor are included. Written informed consent was obtained from the patient's family.


Based on the analysis of the characteristics of agricultural mechanization in Hebei Province,profit portion of agricultural mechanization in plant products industry was estimated by the method of "with and without product comparison method",Study results showed:The profit portion of agricultural mechanizaiton in Hebei Province in 1998 and 2003 were 15.11% and 20.54%Profit portion estimation for the mechanization is useful to understand the development level and it is also an theory foundation to make decision of agricultural mechanization development strategy of Hebei Province.


In this fluid dynamics video, recent simulations of transition to turbulence in compressible (M1 = 0.2), zero-pressure-gradient flatplate boundary layers triggered by fundamental (Klebanoff K-type) and subharmonic (Herbert H-type) secondary instabilities of TollmienSchlichting waves are highlighted.


The properties of piezoelectric thin film layered structures are in the focus of many investigations. Significant decreasing piezoelectric properties have been observed with decreasing top-electrode size. These results are obtained by measurements of the effective piezoelectric small-signal coefficient d/sub 33,eff/ and the piezoelectric large signal-strain S using a double-beam laser interferometer. Samples are investigated with squared top-electrodes with dimensions of 0.1 mm to 1 mm edge length. The loss of d/sub 33,eff/ is as high as 50 %, whereas the influence on the relative permittivity is only small. This work investigates this behaviour by calculating the influence of varying elastic and geometrical properties of substrate, electrodes, and piezoelectric thin film on the effective piezoelectric small-signal coefficient d/sub 33,eff/ by means of finite element simulations. Beside the clamping effect of the substrate under electrical operating conditions also the influence of thermally induced mechanical stresses after cooling from 4000/spl deg/C to room temperature is calculated. From measurements and simulations it can be concluded that the source of the pad size effect on the measured piezoelectric properties can he attributed to the mechanics of the layered structure.


Ceruloplasmin( Cp) is a copper-containing protein purified from the human serumα- 2 globulin.More than 95% circulating copper in healthy human plasma is carried by Cp. It exhibits multiple possible functions,such as copper transport,iron metabolism and regulation,radical scavenging and other antioxidant activities. Most experts only focus on the study on whether Cp can serve as indicators of a variety of clinical diseases,but spare very little efforts on the research of its molecular mechanism. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the field of fundamental protein structure and tissue expression,copper-protein,ferrous oxidation,ferric metabolism,anti-oxidation as well as the latest researches about its related diseases and molecular evolution of Cp.


Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a Chronic debilitating disorder affecting almost 1% of adults & is 4th most common psychiatric disorder. Patients with OCD suffer from one or more co-morbid disorder with major depression being most common. The increased severity of comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms,increased severity of obsessions,feelings of hopelessness and past history of suicide attempt have been associated with worsening levels of suicidality in OCD. AIM: To find prevalence of depression and suicidality in patients of obsessive compulsive disorder. Methods: Twenty five patients were included in the study who visited psychiatry OPD & were diagnosed as a case of obsessive compulsive disorder were evaluated by a psychiatrist as per International Classification of disease diagnostic criteria. Those with diagnosis of OCD were further assessed using Yale-brown obsessive-compulsive scale (Y-BOCS) , Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D) & Columbia suicide severity rating scale (C-SSRS to find the prevalence and assess severity. Results: Among twenty five patients who were included 16 (64%) were female, 14(56%) were hindu by religion, 9(36%) were from the age group of 25-30 yrs , 6 (24%) had severe-very severe depression and 4 (16%) of them had suicidal ideation among which 2( 8%) had a previous suicide attempt. Conclusion: OCD is associated with high risk of not only depression but also of suicidal behaviour. It is vital that patients of OCD undergo detailed assessment for suicide risk and associated depression. Thus treatment management should also target co existing depressive symptoms so as to decrease morbidity and mortality.


Collaborative, as opposed to autonomous, control strategies are used within the majority of commercially available, surgical robotic systems. Amongst these, active constraints and virtual fixtures, where assistance is in the form of regulation applied to the motion of surgical tools, offer an effective means to maximise both user and robot capabilities. Conventional active constraint approaches, however, are likely to result in active forcing of the tools when used within a dynamically changing surgical environment. It is posited that such behaviour inherently reduces a surgeon's control over the procedure, and therefore compromises patient safety and clinical acceptance. Utilising a friction model to enforce constraints ensures that energy is never introduced into the system; however frictional constraints suffer from problems once penetration of a constrained region has occurred. A frictional constraint formulation is proposed which eliminates this by redirecting a user's motion, guiding him towards the surface. Experimental validation shows that the proposed constraint significantly improves a user's path-following performance over unassisted cases, while approaching the performance benchmark of a viscoelastic active constraint.


In the present decade along the increasing trend of using private vehicles, calming the local streets and residential areas has been important for local authorities. There are many unsuccessful experiences of traffic calming implementations because of lacking knowledge and engineered assessment before implementing them. Considering the design speed of traffic, calming measure is an essential factor to employ these measures. Design speed of different size of speed humps is investigated in previous studies because of its circular shape but for speed tables it is unknown. In this research the design speeds of two common speed tables in the city of Tehran have been examined, 6.5 and 8.5 m speed table. For calculating the design speed of the speed tables, we asked 220 drivers to participate in our experiment by installing a GPS tracker in their vehicles and encouraging them to drive normally. Crossing speeds over 6.5 and 8.5 m speed tables have been analyzed by collecting totally 220 samples. We pick out 100 correct samples for each speed table and the 85 th percentile speed has been calculated for them, consequently the results of 85 th percentile calculation of the crossing speeds have been proposed as the design speeds. For 6.5 m speed table, design speed is calculated 41.5 km/h and for 8.5 m speed table, design speed is calculated 47.5 km/h. the comparison of recent findings and past finding of 9.5 m speed table which is used in Denmark with a design speed of 80 km/h reveals that 1 m increasing with the length of a 6.5 speed table plateau will result 3 km/h increase in its design speed. The findings of this research can help traffic calming experts to take in consideration of the relation between speed table physical characteristics and its design speed. Furthermore by finding the design speed of speed tables, we can choose suitable speed tables for streets with different speed limits according to the design speed of speed tables.


This paper introduces the EJ Symposium on Child Development by reviewing the literature and placing the contributions of the papers in the Symposium in the context of a vibrant literature.


Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end‐stage renal disease worldwide. In China, approximately 21.3% of diabetes was estimated to accompany with CKD and the number of diabetes‐related CKDs was 24.3 million, of whom 60.5% preserved renal dysfunction with slightly increased albuminuria.[1,2] In the light of the prevalence and massive health and financial toll, the pathologic diagnosis and prognosis of diabetes‐related CKD are of great clinical and societal relevance. Therefore, based on the different pathological types of diabetes with renal impairment, appropriate therapeutic schedules largely impacted on the prognosis of diseases. It was well worthy to summarize the relationship between pathology and prognosis for T2D with renal involvement in the study.


The development of an Integrated Facilities Plan has required evaluation of and assumptions about the manufacturing facility. The analysis of requirements for equipment has progressed from back-of-the-envelope-type calculations through spreadsheets to sophisticated computer simulations. This has resulted in excellent analysis of the equipment requirements for facility automation. However, the analysis of material storage requirements has not progressed as quickly. Most approaches have employed straight numerical averaging. The author explores the results of these simplifying assumptions and presents alternative considerations to be used in calculating storage requirements. An example of a typical electronics manufacturing facility is used to indicate the potential magnitude of error caused by straight numerical averaging.<<ETX>>


As radio frequency (RF) hardware continues to improve, many technologies that were traditionally impractical have suddenly become viable alternatives to legacy systems. Two-way ranging (TWR) is often considered a poor positioning solution for airborne and other vehicular navigation systems due to its low precision, poor angular resolution, and precise timing requirements. With the advent of modern RF hardware and advanced processing techniques, however, modern studies have experimentally demonstrated TWR systems with an unprecedented, sub-centimeter ranging precision with low size, weight, power, and cost (SWaP-C) consumer-grade hardware. This technique enables a new class of positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) capabilities for urban and commercial aircraft but also instigates new system design challenges such as antenna placement, installation of new electronics, and design of supporting infrastructure. To inform these aircraft design decisions, we derive 2D and 3D Cramér–Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) on position and orientation estimation in a multi-antenna TWR system. We specifically formulate these bounds as a function of the number of antennas, platform geometry, and geometric dilution of precision (GDoP) to inform aircraft design decisions under different mission requirements. We simulate the performance of several classic position and orientation estimators in this context to validate these bounds and to graphically depict the expected performance with respect to these design considerations. To improve the accessibility of these highly theoretical results, we also present a simplified discussion of how these bounds may be applied to common airborne applications and suggest best practices for using them to inform aircraft design decisions.


Contents Introduction. Queer Shakes. Madhavi Menon All is True (Henry VIII): The Unbearable Sex of Henry VIII. Steven Bruhm All's Well that Ends Well: Is Marriage Always Already Heterosexual? Julie Crawford Antony and Cleopatra: Aught an Eunuch Has. Ellis Hanson As You Like It: Fortune's Turn. Valerie Rohy Cardenio: "Absonant Desire": The Question of Cardenio. Phil Lorenz The Comedy of Errors: In Praise of Error. Lynne Huffer Coriolanus: "Tell Me Not Wherein I Seem Unnatural": Queer Meditations on Coriolanus in the Time of War. Jason Edwards Cymbeline: desire vomit emptiness: Cymbeline's Marriage Time. Amanda Berry Hamlet: Hamlet's Wounded Name. Lee Edelman Henry IV, 1: When Harry Met Harry. Matthew Bell Henry IV, 2: The Deep Structure of Sexuality: War and Masochism in Henry IV part 2. Daniel Juan Gil Henry V: Scambling Harry and Sampling Hal. Drew Daniel Henry VI, 1: "Wounded alpha bad boy soldier." Mario DiGangi Henry VI, 2: The Gayest Play Ever. Stephen Guy-Bray Henry VI, 3: Stay. Cary Howie Julius Caesar: Thus, Always: Julius Caesar and Abraham Lincoln. Bethany Schneider King John: Queer Futility, Or, The Life and Death of King John. Kathryn Schwarz King Lear: Lear's Queer Cosmos. Laurie Shannon A Lover's Complaint: Learning How to Love (Again). A. T. Shelden Love's Labour's Lost: The L Words. Madhavi Menon Love's Labour's Won: Doctorin' the Bard: A Contemporary Appropriation of Love's Labour's Won. Hector Kollias Macbeth: Milk. Heather Love Measure for Measure: Same-Saint Desire. Paul Morrison The Merchant of Venice: The Rites of Queer Marriage. Arthur Little The Merry Wives of Windsor: What Do Women Want? Jonathan Goldberg A Midsummer Night's Dream: Shakespeare's Ass Play. Richard Rambuss Much Ado about Nothing: Closing Ranks, Keeping Company: Marriage Plots and the Will to be Single. Ann Pellegrini Othello: Othello's Penis or, Islam in the Closet. Daniel Boyarin Pericles: "Curious pleasures": Pericles beyond the civility of union. Patrick O'Malley The Phoenix and the Turtle: Number There in Love was Slain. Karl Steel The Rape of Lucrece: Desire My Pilot Is. Pete Coviello Richard II: Pretty Richard. Judith Brown Richard III: Fuck the Disabled: The Prequel. Robert McRuer Romeo and Juliet: Romeo and Juliet Love Death. Carla Freccero Sir Thomas More: More or Less Queer. JeffreyMasten The Sonnets Momma's Boys. Aranye Fradenburg Speech Therapy. Barbara Johnson More Life: Shakespeare's Sonnet Machines. Julian Yates The Taming of the Shrew: Latin Lovers. Bruce Smith The Tempest: Forgetting The Tempest. Kevin Ohi Timon of Athens: Scepticism, Sovereignty, Sodomy. James Kuzner Titus Andronicus: A Child's Garden of Atrocities. Michael Moon Troilus and Cressida: The Leather Men and the Lovely Boy: Reading Positions in Troilus and Cressida. Alan Sinfield Twelfth Night: Is there an audience for my play? Sharon Holland Two Gentlemen of Verona: Pageboy, Or The Two Gentlemen from Verona: The Movie. Amy Villarejo The Two Noble Kinsmen: Philadelphia, or, War. Jody Greene Venus and Adonis: Venus and Adonis Frieze. Andrew Nicholls The Winter's Tale: LOST, or 'Exit, Pursued by a Bear': Causing Queer Children on Shakespeare's TV. Kathryn Bond Stockton Bibliography Further Readings Contributors Index


The chapter is devoted to the very important problem of the actual symmetry of the order parameter in cuprates, and, more generally, in unconventional superconductors. We adopt the concept of the mixed-order parameter. We calculated collective modes in the dx2–y2 +idxy case and found them to differ from those appropriate to the pure situation. The results are useful for both theoretical as well as experimental aspects of the discussed problem.


Due to the fact that Faculty of Teacher Training and Education (FTTE) has to prepare students to be competent teachers by engaging their knowledge with current demands and to conduct their tasks ethically in teaching practice, this study reveals a report of qualitative study that employs an action and qualitative study that explore how the SOI model of learning bridging teacher students' cognitive processes of knowledge construction and their teaching competencies to face disruptive era in microteaching course. The subjects were 22 English Department students of semester 6 in a Public University who took microteaching. The qualitative data were collected in documentation, weekly-journals, observation, and video. Stimulated recall technique was also used to reflect on the video materials that they had to follow-up interviews. Data analysis shows that findings contribute significantly to understand constructivist learning occurs when a learner engages in three cognitive processes. They are first selecting or attending to relevant information about content knowledge of lesson, teaching methodology, students, curriculum, and technology, second, organizing or mentally organize information into a coherent mental representation, and third, integrating or integrate information of disruptive issues with existing knowledge of content knowledge of the lesson and teaching methodology. These improve teaching competencies of teacher students that help them to tailor and to drive instruction of TEFL. The implication shows that SOI offers a new vision of the learner as an active sense-maker to achieve adaptability skill.


We report the development and characterization of a proton-transfer-reaction ion trap mass spectrometer for the speciated measurement of organic compounds in atmospheric aerosols and show results from its first field deployment. The instrument uses an aerosol collection inlet to accumulate aerosol mass followed by rapid thermal desorption to volatilize the organic compounds for in situ analysis. We have performed laboratory studies to characterize instrument performance and the instrument was deployed aboard a NOAA research vessel during the Texas Air Quality Study 2006/Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (TexAQS 2006/GoMACCS) in August–September 2006. The laboratory-determined detection limit for glutaric acid in mixed glutaric acid/NH 4 HSO 4 test aerosols was 0.22 ng collected mass, which corresponds to an estimated detection limit of 12 ng m−3 for a 10 min sample based on the instrument sample flow rate of 1.8 L min−1. During TexAQS 2006/GoMACCS, signals well above the detection limit were observed at a number of mass to charge ratios, mostly occurring during an extended period of active pollution photochemistry, but also including detection of possible primary emissions of aerosol-phase pyridine.


The turbulence model were used to simulate the partition-type task-ambient air conditioning system in typical office work environments,analyzed the uniform environmental parameters field around the person,and further researched the human thermal comfort by the influence of the non-uniform.The environmental parameters around the person and the thermal comfort were researched using different parameter of air distribution.Simulation results show that,the air conditioning air supply can make indoor temperature partitions,air supply station on high efficiency,energy saving,can realize the overall in the appropriate location supply air conditions for workers,can provide better working conditions.


Female sex hormones significantly increase immunologic responsiveness by stimulating the proliferation of immunocompetent cells. To determine whether the immune response is altered during pregnancy and lactation, Swiss mice(gestation 19-21d) were studied during early, mid and late pregnancy and in the early postpartum (PP) period. Groups of pregnant (PR) and nursing mice along with equal numbers of nonpregnant female littermate controls(C) were injected with 2×106 heat-killed E.coli 0127 and sacrificed 4 days later for enumeration of splenic anti-E.coli plaque-forming cells(PFC). Total PFC/108 spleen cells were analyzed by rank and comparison of results from test and control littermate pairs.Results indicate that primary immunologic responsiveness is increased during early and mid pregnancy, depressed immediately prior to delivery and normal during lactation. The marked variations observed may be secondary to changes in the balance of female sex hormones and adrenocorticosteroids which occur as pregnancy progresses.


Objective To explore the effects and security of xuefuqing capsules in treating acute cerebral hemorrhage.Methods Besides the routine treatment with western medicine,xuefuqing capsules,a traditional Chinese medicine,were applied to the treatment of 47 cases of acute cerebral hemorrhage.The curative effects were compared with those in the contrast group of 46 cases treated with western medicine,with the nervous defect evaluation and absorption rates of hematoma as observing indexes.Results The curative effects in the treatment group were much better than those in the contrast group in reducing nervous defect and in improving the absorption rate of hematoma (P0.05),while there existed no significant difference in complications and side effects between the two groups.Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine may have great safety and good effect in treating acute cerebral hemorrhage.


Background: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) is a disorder characterized by increased intracranial pressure (ICP) of unknown cause, predominantly seen in women of childbearing age and associated with a history of recent weight gain. There is little published evidence comparing lumbar puncture with medication or other treatment modalities. Objective: To study the effect of introduction of therapeutic lumbar puncture on the visual outcome and the further need for surgery in patients with IIH (grade II papilloedema). Patient and Methods: This prospective study included all the patients with IIH diagnosed according to the modified Dandy criteria with grade II papilloedema, managed at the Neurosurgical Department, Benha University between January 2009 and January 2014. The patients were randomly assigned into two Groups A and B according to the inclusion of therapeutic lumbar puncture. Results: The mean time at which headache decreased to nearly half the initial was 8.1 days (Group A) and 4.7 days (Group B). Five patients in Group A and three patients in Group B progressed to grade III papilloedema and lumboperitoneal CSF diversion was planned. In the first monthlyvisit, 12 patients in Group A and 13 patients in Group B showed gradual improvement to grade I while 5 patients in Group A and 6 patients in Group B showed gradual improvement to grade 0 and at the end of follow-up period all these patients reached grade 0 papilloedema. The rate of success of treatment was 77.2% in Group A and 86.3% in Group B. Conclusion: The results of this study favor the introduction of therapeutic lumbar CSF puncture together with the other non-surgical maneuvers in the management of IIH with grade II papilloedema.


In this study, one-dimensional ZnO nanostructure (ODZN) hygrometers with DSSCs were fabricated on ITO glass substrate. The device combined with hygrometers and DSSCs revealed same characteristics like the pure-ZnO nanorod hygrometer. Results from I-V measurement showed that DSSCs can be applied to ODZN hygrometers to form a self-powered (SP) optoelectronic devce that has useful for IOTs utilizations.


A potentially pentadentate Schiff base ligand H3L and their binuclear copper complexes have been prepared by the condensation of 2,6-diformyl-4-methyl phenol and 2-aminophenol in the molar ratio 1:2. The Schiff base, H3L, ligand with N2O3 pentadentate sites and can coordinate with two copper ions to form binuclear complexes after the deprotonation of the hydrogen atoms of the phenolic groups in all complexes. The ligand and the complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, conductivity measurements, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, IR, UV-Vis and ESR spectral studies. All the complexes are non-electrolyte in DMF due to their low molar conductance value. UV-Visible and ESR spectral data proposed the square planar geometry for all Cu(II) complexes under investigation. Redox behaviour of the complexes has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The copper(II) complexes were screened for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis and antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Mucus indicus. The results revealed that the synthesised compounds were more potent against all the microbes under investigation. DNA interaction of Schiff base complexes was monitored by electronic absorption spectra. It was found that the prepared complexes could bind to DNA through an intercalating mode.


This paper will shed light on the harsh climactic, economic and political realities of oil and gas exploration and development in the Canadian Arctic.  There are vast untapped oil and natural gas resources in the Canadian Arctic, according to the United States Geological Survey, Washington's Energy Information Agency and Canada's Department of Natural Resources. These sources estimate potential reserves totalling billions of barrels of oil and trillions of cubic feet of natural gas. Difficulties, however, arise in first finding the oil and gas and getting the product to market, while at the same time establishing and following preventative measures required to protect the environment, both on land and at sea.  Just because there is potential, or even substantial, oil or gas discoveries does not mean the economics or the environmental costs justify the effort.


The articlereveals conditionality of creative activity by the nature and essence of the person which the philosophical anthropology is urged to investigate. Comparison of scientific and art spheres allows to reveal an invariant of creative activity and its specifics in science. Modern scientific creativity, developing ideals of classical science in the context of activity type of outlook, accepts projective character.


This paper reports on the experiments carried out using the QinetiQ's REEF (Realistic Electron Exposure Facility) for the validation of computational tools used in space radiation studies. The experiments consist of measuring the dose rate due to the 90Sr/90Y source after aluminium shields of various thicknesses (0–15 mm), using TLDs and RADFET. The experiments have been modelled in simple 1D geometries using the MULASSIS tool and in detailed 3D geometries with the GRAS tool. Good agreements have been achieved between the measured and simulated data.


OBJECTIVES
This survey examines the mental health of immigrants of Polish origin compared to samples from the Polish and German populations.

METHODS
In a sample of 513 subjects (261 persons with Polish migration background and 252 autochthone Poles) depression (BDI), anxiety (BAI), and somatic complaints (GBB-24) were measured.

RESULTS
Immigrants of Polish origin showed a significantly higher level of anxiety as well as somatic complaints but only a tendency toward higher depressiveness than the German normvalue, but not than that of the native Poles. Female immigrants showed an overall higher number of symptoms in the three domains in question compared to German women and - except for depressiveness - also compared to male immigrants.

CONCLUSIONS
Persons with a Polish migration background present levels of mental distress higher than the general German population, but similar to the population of their country of origin. Further research is needed to clarify the special structure of the mental morbidity in Polish immigrants.


The recently introduced Jacobi or $J$-matrix techniques for quantum scattering are developed to include the construction of exact analytic matrix elements of regular and Coulomb partial-wave zeroth-order and full Green's functions. Very simple results obtain for the unperturbed Green's functions, while full Green's functions require a single diagonalization of an $N\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}N$ Hamiltonian matrix, where $N$ is the number of basis functions coupled by the matrix truncated potential. In an application of the $J$-matrix Green's functions to the theory of atomic dynamic polarizabilities, the analytic result for hydrogen is derived, and it is shown how more general systems may be treated in a way which is superior to the usual $N$-term variational approach. In an application to error bounds for phase shifts, we show how the full Green's functions can be used to demonstrate the absence of false pseudoresonances in $J$-matrix scattering calculations, and bound the possible errors in computed phase shifts.


This paper studies the radial limit and me radial growth of functions defined by where μ is a complex-valued Borel measure. The results depend on local properties of the measure μ. Various nontangential limits associated with f are shown to hold off exceptional sets whose s -capacity is zero.


Billions of people globally are at risk for severe water scarcity periodically throughout the year. Moreover, intensifying climate change and increasingly unpredictable weather patterns will increase the severity and scope of those affected by household water insecurity, with negative consequences on household health and wellbeing. Faced with water insecurity, households shift to alternative water sources, which may be more expensive or of lower quality and contribute to both financial and health burdens. The extent to which household water insecurity varies throughout the year, however, remains understudied. Using a panel dataset of 2014 households across 40 villages in Matlab, Bangladesh, we test for seasonal variation in household water insecurity and its determinants using a modified HWISE scale. We find that while water insecurity in Matlab was low both pre- and post-monsoon, household water experiences vary throughout the year. Households report significantly lower water insecurity post-monsoon, compared to pre-monsoon, suggesting an annual measure of household water insecurity is insufficient to fully characterize intra-annual household water experiences. Comparing determinants of household water insecurity, we find that geography, household water use behaviors, and household characteristics are significantly related to experiences of household water insecurity but vary in their extent depending on the season. Our results demonstrate that physical location, seasonality, water quality, and household-level factors contribute to the dynamic nature of intra-annual household water insecurity. Knowing when and to what extent such determinants influence household water experiences throughout the year is essential for guiding and adapting engineering and policy design to reduce the costs and consequences of household water insecurity.


The south tower of Kerry Center in Jing'an Area is a super high-rise building with setback in elevation.It uses RC core and SRC frame structural system and contains inclined columns and strengthened stories.The calculation model of the overall structure was established in NosaCAD in the paper.The elasto-plastic time history analysis was carried out to study the seismic behavior of the structure like deformations,internal forces and damage patterns under the frequent and rare intensity of 7 degree earthquake.The results of the study showed that under the frequent earthquakes,there is no damaged element,under the rare earthquakes,yielding hinges occur on some elements of the frames but the structural components do not reach the ultimate carrying capacity.The order and distribution of damages on components of the tubes are reasonable,which can dissipate some dynamic energy.The maximum inter story drift of the building can meet the seismic design requirement of Chinese code.The structure satisfies the code requirements of no damage under frequent earthquake and standing without collapse under rare earthquake.


We propose the generalization of a known established empirically (Wahl W. and Wucher A. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B 94, 36(1994)) power law, describing relative mass-spectra of neutral sputtered clusters, on the cases of arbitrary cluster charges. The fluctuation mechanism of charge state formation of sputtering products in the form of large clusters with the number of atoms N > 5 is also proposed. The simple formula obtained by us has been shown a good agreement with the experimental data.


I APPRECIATE very much the privilege of speaking to the Fifty-eighth Annual Meeting of the Medical Library Association which has been good enough to set as its theme, "Canada's Contribution to Medical Progress." This morning, you heard the dramatic story of the discovery of insulin and some of Canada's contributions to medical research; later on in the programme you will hear of other special contributions. It is clear that Canadian Medicine is established on firm foundations and is forward looking without losing sight of today's main duty of bringing the best we know to the care of the sick. Joyce Kilmer in the poem "Roofs" wrote "They say that life is a highway, and its milestones are the years." In the conviction that the life of medicine is a continuing process, and that all we are today is dependent upon our predecessors, I propose to travel the highway of medicine quickly, tracing the course from its rough and narrow beginnings, outlining the major circumstances which caused it to bend or turn, and stressing that its steady improvement and present efficiency are, in the main, due to the labours of countless men and women who did its daily work, sometimes at the cost of their lives, unsung and unknown except to the narrow circle of those they served. Medicine, like any profession, is influenced by the age in which it labours and must adapt to the needs of changing times and conditions. The French regime in Canada presented its own problems; the period during which British Colonial life struggled into flower posed new challenges and offered new opportunities; and the century since Confederation has seen remarkable development with the application of new views on disease, new challenges met, new opportunities grasped. Let us begin at Quebec over four centuries ago. There, in the fall of 1535, close to the Indian village of Stadacona, the followers of Jacques Cartier had built a palisaded fort during his up-river exploitation to what is now Montreal. The palisades might have been impregnable to the Stone Age neighbours at Stadacona, but they were no barriers against the rigours of the bitter Canadian winter which inflicted intolerable miseries on the unprepared French. Man


(p,ρ,T) data of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate [BMIM][TFO] are reported, obtained using an Anton-Paar DMA HPM vibration tube densimeter. The measurements were conducted at T = (283.15 to 413.15) K and p = (0.101 to 140) MPa. The combined uncertainty at 0.95 level of confidence of a density measurement is estimated up to Uc(ρ) = 0.8 kg·m–3. An equation of state for fitting of the (p,ρ,T) data of [BMIM][TFO] has been developed as a function of pressure and temperature. The equation of state is constructed for the fitted experimentally investigated (p,ρ,T) values, and various thermophysical properties such as isothermal compressibility, isobaric thermal expansivity, thermal pressure coefficient, internal pressure, heat capacities at constant pressure and volume, speed of sound, and isentropic exponent at this temperature and pressure intervals were calculated.


The anti-inflammatory effects of two esters of α-tocopherol (α-TOH), all-rac-α-TOH acetate (dl-α-TOA) and RRR-α-TOH succinate (d-α-TOS), on broilers repeatedly challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were investigated. Three hundred and twenty 1-d-old broiler chicks were allotted into four treatment groups and fed on a control diet (30 mg/kg dl-α-TOA) or diets containing 10, 30, 50 mg/kg d-α-TOS. Half of the birds from each treatment group were challenged with 0·9 % NaCl solution or LPS (250 μg/kg body weight) at 16, 18 and 20 d of age. The results indicated that the pretreatment of birds with 50 mg/kg d-α-TOS markedly reduced serum PGE2 secretion and increased the concentrations of serum or hepatic α-TOH. When LPS-challenged birds were pretreated with 30 or 50 mg/kg d-α-TOS, the increases of plasma and splenic concentrations of interferon-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-10 were dramatically attenuated. Also, a significant decrease of hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hepatic or splenic phosphokinase C (PKC) activities was found in birds pretreated with 30 or 50 mg/kg d-α-TOS. Furthermore, d-α-TOS inhibited the activation of NF-κB by preventing the degradation of inhibitory-κBα. In conclusion, D-α-TOS is able to prevent LPS-induced inflammation response in vivo. The beneficial effect may depend on suppressing the secretion of various plasma and splenic inflammatory mediators through inhibiting NF-κB activation and by blocking ROS signalling, in which PKC may play an assistant role.


The invention discloses a microwave emission frequency variation method and an emission device for a marine environment satellite altimeter. The device comprises an amplification and frequency mixing unit I for inputting a modulation signal, and a frequency doubling unit for performing frequency doubling on a signal I which is subjected to frequency mixing and is output by the amplification and frequency mixing unit I, wherein the signal subjected to frequency doubling is connected to an amplification and frequency mixing unit II through one path of a power divider; the other path of the power divider outputs a Ku waveband signal; the amplification and frequency mixing unit II performs frequency mixing amplification and coupling detection on the signal subjected to frequency doubling and then outputs a C waveband signal. The frequency variation method adopts a frequency variation and frequency doubling mode, so that the number of times of frequency doubling is reduced, and the linearity is improved.


Complementary foods based on cow's milk or gruels consumed by children in developing countries are often contaminated by bacteria during preparation, and ambient temperature rapidly increases microbial load. Thus infant formula or other weaning foods may cause diarrhea in young infants accounting for 25–33% of all deaths <5 years globally. Environmental chemicals such as metals (As, Pb, Cu) and nitrates can cause vomiting/diarrea. Polychlorinated biphenyls derived from plastics, present in formula and/or breast milk, are endocrine disruptors (the potential threats are not fully quantifiable). The prevailing view is that benefits from breastfeeding outweigh potential risks.


Purpose: Compared to paediatric cancer patients adolescents and young adults may have disadvantaged access to care. Therefore we investigated the correlation of patient, tumour and institutional characteristics with the outcome of osteosarcoma in this age group. Method: Analysis of consecutive patients aged 15–24 years with newly diagnosed high-grade osteosarcoma entered into the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group(COSS) registry 1980–2004 and treated in pediatric (PO) or medical oncology institutions (MO). Standardised multimodal therapy according to a COSS-protocol. Event-free survival rates (EFS) evaluated in relation to patient demographics and registering institution (MO vs PO and treatment volume as: 3 osteosarcoma/year). Results: 944 patients identified (median age: 17.35 years; range: 15.01–24.99; 79% aged 20 years were more likely than younger patients to be treated in centers with low treatment volume (p 20 years (p=.001) and for those with primary metastases (p=.009). Upon multivariate testing type of center (odds ratio: 1.26; p=.022) but not treatment volume were significant. Conclusion: Within a framework of standardised regimens and consultation supportby our group's infrastructure, similar EFS-probabilites were obtained regardless of institutional treatment volumes. Observed variations in outcome between PO and MO may be partly due to different distributions of presenting factors but deserve further investigation.


Based on the test results of the coatings applied by gas-dynamic deposition, the paper evaluates the possibility of using the "pin" and "ring separation" methods to examine the cohesive strength of coatings on tensile test. There is a limitation of the "pin" method application for coatings with porosity due to a significant scatter in results (≤50%). Using the method of the "ring separation" with a high reliability of the results (scatter ≤5%) makes it possible to evaluate the effect of technological parameters of deposition, as well as changes in the phase composition of the coating on cohesion. For example, the cohesive strength of the aluminum coating decreases from ≈180 MPa to ≈50 MPa with rising deposition temperature from 180°C to 540°C; a sharp drop in cohesion of the applied metal layer from 78 MPa to 44 MPa is observed for the coating based on copper and zinc particles on formation of βʹ - and γ phases.


For almost twenty years the legal regime on personal data protection within the European Union was mainly regulated by Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data. According to the provisions of this act, one of the legal obligations of the data controllers was to notify the processing operations they carry out to the supervisory authorities established in the Member States. Each Member State transposed this legal provision in different ways, and some of them stipulated a series of exceptions from the obligation to notify, among which being the appointment of a data protection official at the level of the data controllers. The process of notification results in administrative burdens, both for the data controllers and the supervisory authorities, in some cases. Therefore, the latter ones (associated within the Article 29 Working Party) and the European Commission supported the idea of simplifying the current system. Against this background, the legislative reform proposed by the European Commission in 2012, which intends to replace Directive 95/46/EC by an overall mandatory regulation, sets up a new way of thinking the administrative burdens on data controllers, from a double perspective: on the one hand, by lessening the obligations in relation to the supervisory authorities (for instance, no obligation to notify subsists), and on the other hand, by multiplying the legal requirements to internally implement a number of measures aiming at enhancing the level of protection of the personal data processed by a certain data controller. This paper will focus on the main changes adduced by the recent legislative proposal as regards the administrative obligations of the data controllers.