Luis H. Toledo-Pereyra Editor-in-Chief It is a frequent and almost constant desire of our society to work relentlessly for as long as possible so we can accumulate good deeds of continuity and perseverance. What is it with all of us that we want to endure a difficult and over-taxed existence in this world? When should we pursue different and more humane goals? I would like to advance a new perspective and priority to my surgical colleagues. What if we could work less and be proud of it? What if we could reach happiness with a tamed and moderate life? What if we could maximize our goals with a simple existence? I do not think I would see myself uttering these challenges a few years back, even though today, I can judge them to be completely appropriate and worthy of special consideration. Where do we begin the awesome task of challenging and analyzing our current societal aspirations? Where did the notion of working hard come from? Where did the idea of arduous and persistent labor originate, and why is it so frequently associated with success and job advancement? Is it because the more we work, the more we are seen as dedicated and accomplishing a great deal? I do not have the right answers for all these important questions but allow me to start with a few considerations. It is not difficult to figure that since very early times the intellect of our human ancestors began to deal with ideas of work, laziness, advancement and good life. It is obvious as well that dedication was seen as synonymous with accomplishment and success. Professionals that worked hard were seen as reaching higher levels of stardom that those who took life in a calmer and slower fashion. These ideas were perpetuated in the evolution of humanity and clearly conveyed that hard work was the only means towards pursuing a valuable existence. Is it possible to conceive that we can work less, accomplish more and therefore be happy? I believe we can but we need to work smart. Working hard is not enough, working smart is. What I mean is the idea that I recently heard on Neal Bortz's radio show that working smart is the ability of each individual to use his/her intellect, knowledge and capacity to structure his/her own case. The great Renaissance man Leonardo da Vinci attempted to persuade others that "the greatest geniuses sometimes


DOI: 10.30699/acadpub.ijhehp.5.3.213 Background and Objective: Mentally-disabled children cause many psychological problems in family members, especially in mothers. Due to the importance of psychological well-being of mothers in family and society; the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of emotion regulation and resilience training on psychological well-Being of mothers of students with intellectual disability.


It is said that one of the objectives of proprietary estoppel is to protect a person from suffering a detriment as a result of his reasonable reliance on the commitment by the property owner.1 This...


A half-day session at the 2009 ASMR/BLRS meetings showcased research activities, and some outreach/extension issues associated with the Wyoming Reclamation and Restoration Center (WRRC). Research activities associated with the WRRC are diverse and include plant and plant resources, soil issues, water and water quality, wildlife and wildlife habitat, economics of reclamation and others. Reclamation and Restoration related research and instruction have been on-going at the University of Wyoming since the 1960s. However, it was only in 2002 that a Center initiative was approved by UW's central administration. Early in 2007 activity of the Center increased with the selection of a new director and the creation of the School of Energy Resources (SER) at the University of Wyoming. TheWRRC (http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/WRRC/), administratively placed under the director of SER and the Dean of the College of Agriculture, has educational options offering of an undergraduate minor , as well as a graduate certificate both in Reclamation and Ecology. An outreach aspect of the school has will begin offering a regularly offered reclamation school for practitioners. Also, through Wyoming Cooperative Extension. The Sustainable Management of Rangeland Resources (SMRR), a fundamental Extension Initiative (composed of a team of nearly a dozen individuals from around the state) is involved with a diversity of issues regarding rangeland productivity including reclamation and restoration (see web site: http://www.wyorange.net/).


The article discusses the tuning question as exposed in Vincenzo Galilei's treatise Dialogo della musica antica et della moderna, the author being one of the main 16th century Italian music theorists. His first attempt to determine the musical acoustic system of his time is presented, along with Galilei's critical approach and his attempt to set a new system, which he presents in the case of lute tuning.


The manuscript by Krauze et al. examined microbial communities found within recently deglaciated cryosols in Antarctica in order to couple dominant pedogenic processes with microbial community structure. This is an exciting topic within the scope of Biogeosciences and the authors have identified an interesting model system for their study. The manuscript was well written with clear language and was presented nicely as well. Unfortunately, serious flaws within the experimental design and methodology employed for assessing microbial communities have effectively prevented the authors from being able to draw any meaningful, scientifically robust conclusions regarding the microbiota within their system.


According to the terms in the legal instruments,focuses on the influences of China's accession to WTO on the securities market operation, competition and institution,and in view of the influences,puts forward proposals of stepping up the reform of the state holding companies,improving the securities corporation governance structure and perfecting the securities market supervision.


Abstract : The Air Force uses the TGP program as its primary tool for predicting store trajectories on the basis of wind tunnel grid data. The US Navy uses NAVSEP, which is based on an earlier version of the TGP code. Both codes are based on the AEDC Multi-Dimensional Interpolation Trajectory Generation Program, and have undergone numerous improvement/modifications during the past 15 years. The U.S. Navy and Air Force have also recently acquired Store Trajectory Estimation in a MATLAB Environment (STEME) code from the Australian Air Force. NAVAIR is in the process of preparing a flight clearance for the High Speed Antiradiation Demonstrator (HSAD) program. This clearance will be prepared using the conventional tool NAVSEP. The HSAD missile, however, utilizes an autopilot to move four movable control fins shortly after release as it rapidly accelerates in flight speed. It would be highly desirable to fully account for these elements in the release simulation using either NAVSEP, TGP, or STEME. NAVSEP, TGP have amassed a long lineage of wind tunnel data, flight simulation predictions, and flight test data with which to perform code validation and verification. Therefore, new developments should preserve as much backward compatibility as possible with existing TGP codes while improving and developing user interfaces and increasing functionality. In conjunction with the conventional NAVSEP approach to clear the HSAD missile, it would be desirable to test the TGP and STEME codes for the same case. It would be desirable to develop the general methodology to integrate the current 6 DOF analysis approaches with the proposed MATLAB/Simulink auto-pilot environment. The Navy is currently involved in developing the joint-service Joint Common Missile with Lockheed. Both FLIP TGP and NAVSEP codes coupled with MATLAB/Simulink will be tested for this particular missile. Recently, a Beggar approach with hard-coded autopilot has been practiced.


In a program of expansion of a large retail company it is necessary to apply a continuous
improvement in the integrated planning of all areas of the company involved in the project. In
order to guarantee the new stores are in full operation, it is necessary to guarantee that all the
work is done and the equipment is installed within the established deadline. For this, a study
and an elaboration of an anticipated and specific planning is essential. Considering a
theoretical and practical discussion, this work studies, through a management-focused
analysis, tools and strategies that help to define the ideal planning for the implantation and the
essential supplies in the opening of a unit. The research is based on a case study of an intense
program of expansion of a large retail network in Brazil, where the steps forwarded to a
specific sector of the company from the planning to the closing were analyzed. By doing
comparisons between the practices and business strategies and the theoretical model studied,
the ideal planning systematics will be suggested.


Fine-grained sheets of AA7055 Al alloy were produced by an improved double-stage rolling thermomechanical treatment (DRTMT) assisted by deformation-enhanced precipitates (DEPs). The DRTMT composed of a low temperature pre-deformation, an intermediate annealing, and a final hot rolling exhibited significantly superior tensile ductility to the conventional rolling thermomechanical treated alloy (CRTMT). Numerous fine spherical DEPs appeared after the pre-deformation. Those DEPs could exert a strong drag force on the migration of boundaries and dislocations. Dislocation cells were formed due to the drag force and dynamic recovery. These dislocation cells become polygon sub-grains by static recovery during the subsequent intermediate annealing. After the final hot deformation, with further deformation and rising temperature, low angle grain boundaries gradually stabilized and transferred to high angle grain boundaries. Due to the transformation, fine equiaxed grains were formed after DRTMT. The DRTMT alloys display superior elongation to the CRTMT alloy while maintaining high strength for grain refinement. Thus, DRTMT would be a good alternative to manufacture different heat-treatable Al alloys with fine grains efficiently.


Abstract New field observations of certain harrisite occurrences are presented, including: interruption of layers; splitting of very thick layers into several smaller ones; existence of small isolated lenses and pods of harrisite and of upwardly extending tongues of harrisite; harrisite forming parts of the matrix of breccias; and isolated pods of harrisite along the western margin of the intrusion. These layers, lenses, tongues, and pods seem to have crystallized within the cumulus mush rather than at the mush magma boundary. It is proposed that the rock in these instances represents segregated, intercumulus melt which 'ponded' beneath relatively impermeable layers in the cumulus mush. Several ways in which supercooling may have arisen to cause skeletal olivine growth are considered and previous estimates are thought to need reduction by 10–20°C. It is suggested that segregation of upward-filtering melt in other layered intrusions might produce layers indistinguishable from 'uniform' cumulate.


[Abstract] Objective To investigate the function of G-protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) in aortic dissection (AD) and its mechanism. Methods Thirty wild-type (WT) male mice were randomly divided into the WT+Sham group and WT+AD group (15 each), and 15 GPR35 knockout mice (GPR35 -/- ) were set as GPR35 -/- +AD group. Mice in WT+AD group and GPR35 -/-+AD group were back-subcutaneously implanted with angiotensin Ⅱ [4.5 mg/(kg·24 h)] by miniosmotic pump, while in WT+Sham group received equivalent saline. Mice were sacrificed and the aortas were removed on the 14th postoperative day for further experiments. The mice aortic vascular smooth muscle cell lines (MOVAS) were divided into control group, aortic dissection group (AD group), GPR35 inhibitor group (CID group). The expressions of GPR35 in aorta and MOVAS were determined by q-PCR and Western blotting. The aortas were stained with HE and VVG to detect the formation of aortic dissection and elastic fiber structure. The infiltration of monocyte macrophage (CD68 positive cell) and expression of inflammatory factors (IL)-6 and (TNF)- α in aorta were detected with immunohistochemistry and q-PCR. The apoptosis of aortic smooth muscle was measured by TUNEL staining and flow cytometer. Results Compared with the WT+Sham group, the expression of GPR35 mRNA increased by (1.88 ± 0.07) times and of GPR35 protein increased by (1.34 ± 0.05) times in WT+AD group ( P <0.05), and similar results were obtained in cell model; Compared with the WT+AD group, the incidence of AD decreased obviously in GPR35 -/- +AD group (53.3% vs . 13.3%, P <0.05), meanwhile the aortic dilatation, media thickness and elastic fiber structure were attenuated evidently; Furthermore, the mononuclear macrophage infiltration (CD68 positive cells) were elevated in WT+AD group than in WT+Sham group and GPR35 -/- + AD group [(32.8 ± 1.1)% vs . (5.1 ± 0.9)% vs . (16.0 ± 1.1)%] with statistical significance ( P <0.05). The expression levels of IL-6 and TNF- α mRNA were higher in WT+AD group (2.6 ± 0.1, 1.8 ± 0.1) than in WT+Sham group (both 1.00 ± 0.06) and GPR35 -/- + AD group (1.6 ± 0.1, 1.4 ± 0.1) with statistical significance ( P <0.05); The number of apoptotic aortic smooth muscle cells in WT+AD group [(24.0 ± 0.7)%] was more than that in WT+Sham group and GPR35 -/- +AD group [(6.6 ± 0.5)% and (11.2 ± 0.9)%] with statistical significance ( P <0.05). Meanwhile, the apoptosis rate of MOVAS was also significantly higher in AD group [(11.6 ± 0.5)%] than in control group and CID group [(4.7 ± 0.4)% and (7.6 ± 0.4)%, P <0.05]. Conclusion Inhibition of GPR35 can protect aortic dissection by preventing aortic inflammation and smooth muscle apoptosis.


Some Confucian scholars have recently claimed that Confucian political meritocracy is superior to Western democracy. I have great reservations about such a view. In this article, I argue that so long as political meritocracy – be it Confucian or non-Confucian – does not commit itself to the ideal of democracy, it has the dangerous tendency to become politically oppressive in the hands of authoritarian rulers. To illustrate the problem, I first revisit Isiah Berlin's classical discussion of the idea of positive liberty; he is deeply concerned about the abuse of this idea in the hands of dictators. Next, I examine Daniel Bell's model of meritocracy in relation to China's present form of governance. While Bell's model and China's present form of governance may not show political meritocracy at its best, they help to show that any version of political meritocracy that lacks a strong commitment to democracy tends to be political oppressive and, ultimately, may betray the ideal of political meritocracy.


Abstract : The weighted least squares fit of a real tone with arbitrary amplitude, frequency, and phase, to a given set of real discrete data, is reduced to a one-dimensional maximization o fa function of frequency only. This function is manipulated into a form that can be efficiently calculated by one FFT of a complex sequence that is related to the available real data and the arbitrary real weight sequence utilized. The decoupling of the complex FFT outputs, to yield the two functions that are necessary to conduct the coarse search in frequency, is accomplished in an extremely simple fashion. A refined interpolation procedure then fits a parabola in the region near the maximum and gives a fine-grained estimate of frequency. An explanation of the apparently anomalous behavior near zero and Nyquist frequencies is given, which shows that in the limit, a constant plus linear trend is being fitted to the discrete data. A program is presented for the complete procedure, including evaluation of the best frequency, amplitude, and phase of the fitted tone. The technique is applicable to short data records, without any approximations, and for arbitrary weight sequences.


– To understand the operation of digital systems, it is important that the student grasp the basic concepts of digital logic elements. However, the cost associated with purchasing logic training equipment to enable students gain practical experience can be significant. This paper therefore, discuses prototype fabrication of a logic training module and highlights the use as an aid to enhance teaching and learning of digital computer fundamentals. It describes the development of the training kit working through the components of its parts. The practical demonstration of the module for determination of the behaviour of some logic circuit devices is then presented. The result of implementing logic expression using our prototype module is demonstrated and the results show that the module works well as improvising for declining availability of imported version due to their high cost. The performances reported from the module are in encouraging agreement as deployed in standard practice.


Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate performance and income factors associated with zinc oxide and feed removal multicycle molt programs. Experiment 1 compared two strains of commercial White Leghorn layers molted with 20,000 ppm zinc oxide in the feed for 4 days with a feed removal program of 10 days followed by 10 days of cracked corn. Experiment 2 compared a single strain of White Leghorn layers molted with 20,000 ppm zinc oxide with feed removal for 4 and 10 days. Body weight loss during molt averaged 25 to 30% for the longer duration molt programs compared to 14 to 16% for the short duration programs. Differences in body weight loss between zinc oxide and feed removal programs employing the same durations of treatment were not significant (P>.05). In addition, no significant (P>.05) differences were observed between zinc oxide and feed removal programs for hen-housed egg production, days to reduce egg production to 0%, feed usage, or mortality rates. Differences in egg sizes and egg grade distributions were observed among molting programs and strains. Incomes over pullet and feed costs for the molted flocks were greatest during the first molt cycle. Incomes over pullet and feed cost during the second molt cycle were generally negative. The longer duration molt programs resulted in total incomes over feed and pullet costs averaging 5.0¢doz more than the shorter 4-day duration programs. Duration of molt-inducing periods had greater effects on performance and income results than did the method used to induce rest.


Abstract : This report contains the results of a study on the use of filament wound toroids as pneumatic shock absorbers. Expressions for the specific energy absorption under isobaric and adiabatic conditions are derived and compared with the performance of competing systems. Means for improving stroke efficiency are discussed. The stiffness properties of a compressed toroid under combined compression, bending and shear are derived analytically and compared with experimental measurements. In addition the buckling behaviour of a compressed stack of toroids is analyzed and compared with test results. In both cases the agreement between analysis and experiment is sufficiently good to validate the theory for engineering calculations.


Objective To study the methods and therapeutic effect of nasal endoscopic excision of rhinosinusal inverted papilloma. Methods Nasal endoscopic excision of papilloma located in nasal cavity, ethmoidal or sphenoidal sinuses and ostia of frontal or maxillary sinuses as well as their basal mucoperiosteum was performed in 31 patients with rhinosinusal inverted papilloma. And then the tumor involved in the maxillary sinus was totally dissected under periosteum via Caldwell-Luc approach. Results All the patients were followed up for 2.5 to 7 years with an average duration of 3.8 years. 28 cases were cured (90.32%), and 3 got relapsed (9.68%). Conclusion Nasal endoscopic surgery is effective for the treatment of rhinosinusal inverted papilloma. Dissection of the tumor and its basal mucoperiosteum under endoscope, combined with the removal of tumors involved in the maxillary sinus via Caldwell-Luc approach, may prevent the recurrence of the tumor.


The global system of mid-ocean ridges represents a major locus of mantle CO2 outgassing [1]. Despite its importance to the global C budget, quantifying the CO2 flux from the mantle is hindered by magma degassing. The solubility of CO2 in silicate melts is strongly pressure sensitive, leading to significant CO2 loss as magmas decompress and degas during ascent. Olivine-hosted melt inclusions (MIs) are an important source of information on the pre-eruptive CO2 contents of ocean floor lavas. The strength of the host crystal protects MIs from the decompression experienced by the entraining magma. However, a major uncertainty associated with using melt inclusions to determine the flux of CO2 from the oceanic upper mantle is the common occurrence of CO2-rich vapor bubbles (VB). In these instances, reconstructing total CO2 requires precise determination of the mass in the included glass and coexisting VB [2]. The concentration of CO2 in the included glass can be measured using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), and the density of CO2 in the VB determined by Raman spectroscopy. To date, the volumes of included glass and coexisting VBs have relied on 2-D petrographic measurements mapped onto simplied 3-D geometries. We used x-ray microtomography to obtain precise determinations of these volumes. Results for olivinehosted MIs from pillow lavas of the late Pleistocene subglacial Miðfell eruption in south Iceland demonstrate that the 2-D petrographic approach systematically overestimates the MI volume and, thereby, underestimates total CO2. The concentration of CO2 measured in the glass portion of the MIs by SIMS ranges from 64 to 1160 g/g. When present, vapor bubbles typically represent ~2.5 % of the volume of the inclusion, with CO2 densities ranging from 0.06 to 0.25 g/cm3. Total CO2 concentrations calculated for bubblebearing MI using 3-D tomographic volumes (1340-4550 g/g) are typically ~30 % higher than those determined using 2-D petrographic volumes (1010-3150 g/g).


Through the analysis of the present project quality complaints hot and difficult issues,introduced the experience and matters needing attention when dealing with the engineering quality complaints.


A series of 5-aryl-4-acyl-1-heteryl-3-hydroxy-3-pyrroline-2-ones containing a heterocyclic substituent at position 1 of the pyrroline cycle have been synthesized via a three-component reaction of acylpyruvic acid esters with a mixture of aromatic aldehydes and heterylamines. Antiinflammatory and analgesic properties of the synthesized compounds have been studied depending on the type of a heterocyclic substituent.


A low voltage grid-tied solar PV (GSPV) system suffers from poor power quality (PQ) due to the distorted currents drawn by the loads affixed at the point of common coupling (PCC). Moreover, during the peak PV (Photovoltaic) array generation and low load condition, the PCC voltages rise beyond the prescribed limit as par the IEEE std. 1547. Hence, this work presents the control and operation of the GSPV system to satisfy the IEEE-519 and IEEE-1547 standards by improving the PQ at the PCC and to limit the rise in PCC voltages as par the specified limit, respectively. The system either works at unity power factor (UPF) mode or voltage regulation (VR) mode depending upon the PCC voltage variation. It maintains the grid currents distortionfree and balanced during its operation. Here, an in-loop filter based second-order generalized integrator (ILF-SOGI) algorithm is used to control the GSPV system. The proportional-integral (PI) based perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm is used to maximize the efficiency of the GSPV system. A simulation study is carried out in MATLAB environment for performance validation of the presented GSPV system.


Objective To understand the effects of lead on male reproductive health.Methods Meta-analysis method was used to analyze the reported studies about the relationship between lead and male reproductive health.Results Common relative risk(RR) of impotence and prospermia in the lead exposure group were 2.55(95%CI: 1.39-4.70) and 2.23(95%CI:1.38-3.61) respectively,weighted mean difference(WMD) of the spermatic quantity,the spermatic deformity ratio and the spermatic activity ratio in the lead exposure group were-13.39×109/L(95%CI:-21.49×109/L——5.30×109/L),8.49%(95%CI:6.01%-10.97%) and-8.29%(95%CI:-12.94%——3.64%) respectively,which all showed significant differences between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion Lead may damage male reproductive health,and lead exposure may cause an increase in impotence,prospermia,the spermatic deformity ratio,and may cause a decrease in the spermatic quantity and the spermatic activity ratio.


Ceramic materials are commonly used to design multi-layer armour systems thanks to their favourable physical and mechanical properties. However, during an impact event, fragmentation of the ceramic plate inevitably occurs due to its inherent brittleness under tensile loading. Consequently, an accurate model of the fragmentation process is necessary in order to achieve an optimum design for a desired armour configuration. In this work, shockless spalling tests have been performed on two silicon carbide grades at strain rates ranging from 103 to 104 s−1 using a high-pulsed power generator. These spalling tests characterize the tensile strength strain rate sensitivity of each ceramic grade. The microstructural properties of the ceramics appear to play an important role on the strain rate sensitivity and on the dynamic tensile strength. Moreover, this experimental configuration allows for recovering damaged, but unbroken specimens, giving unique insight on the fragmentation process initiated in the ceramics. All the collected data have been compared with corresponding results of numerical simulations performed using the Denoual–Forquin–Hild anisotropic damage model. Good agreement is observed between numerical simulations and experimental data in terms of free surface velocity, size and location of the damaged zones along with crack density in these damaged zones. This article is part of the themed issue 'Experimental testing and modelling of brittle materials at high strain rates'.


Cortical development is essential for children's neurocognition. In this study, we evaluated how variations in cortical morphometry in normal children are associated with outcome differences in multiple domains of cognition.


 a minimal sets' approach introduced some closed right ideals of the Ellis semigroup of a transformation semigroup which behave like minimal right ideals of an Ellis semigroup in some senses. From 1997 till now they have caused some new ideas in distality, proximal relation, transformed dimension, Here we will compare the above mentioned ideas and will improve them.


The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which demotivated teachers contribute to the poor O- level pass rate. The researcher was alarmed by the failure rate recorded in the daily newspaper. The Herald of 6 February 2013 highlighted that the poor academic performance of the pupils was blamed on the teachers. In a bid to ascertain this claim the researcher carried out the study to establish its authenticity. A descriptive survey was used as the research design. For triangulation purpose the data was collected through interviews, questionnaires and document analysis, focusing on six secondary schools in Harare. Interviews were conducted to school heads and twenty parents while the questionnaires were administered to twenty teachers. Document analysis of 'O' level results was done to ascertain the pass rate in schools. The results of the study have shown that most schools recorded low pass rate. Some teachers outlined that due to economic hardship they are resorting to some extra jobs in a bid to supplement their income which compromised the teaching and learning. However, they also shifted the blame to the parents whom they accused of not assisting their children with homework. They pointed out that parents are not fully supporting their children by giving them the resources to enhance effective learning. The paper makes a significant contribution to the field of education in that it brings to light the grievances from the teachers and parents. This has implications for policy makers who should address the plight of teachers in ways that enable them to maintain the dignity of their profession. It also enhances the teachers to execute their duties meticulously in order to improve the pass rate in schools.


Results of the magnetization measurements performed in the temperature range 4.2-300 K in fields up to 15 kOe on amorphous Fe 90 Zr 10 , Co 90 Zr 10 , and Ni 90 Zr 10 alloys, prepared by the single-roller-quenching technique, are presented. While the glassy Co 90 Zr 10 and Ni 90 Zr 10 alloys at low fields show a normal ferromagnetic behavior down to 4.2 K, amorphous Fe 90 Zr 10 exhibits a transition from the ferromagnetic state to the mictomagnetic state at a temperature Tf which lies well below the ferromagnetic ordering temperature. T f decreases linearly with increasing H up to fields H-250 Oe and this linear dependence on H gives T f (H=0)=40± 1 K. The magnetic behavior at high fields and the temperature dependence of spontaneous magnetization can be satisfactorily accounted for in terms of a theory proposed for weak itinerant ferromagnets. The unusually large value of the high-field susceptibility at 4.2 K observed for Fe 90 Zr 10 , in particular, is found to contain, besides the contribution arising due to the Invar characteristics of this alloy, a contribution typical of that observed in mictomagnetic alloys. Finally, from an appraisal of the present results and those previously reported on glassy Fe 90 Zr 10 , it is concluded that this alloy contains two types of magnetic electrons: those possessing itinerant character and giving rise to ferromagnetism (single-particle contribution) and Invar anomalies, and those having localized nature and responsible for both the ferromagnetic (spin-wave contribution) and the mictomagnetic behavior.


In the first section of the paper we study some properties of oriented volumes of wave fronts propagating in spaces of constant curvature. In the second section, we generalize to an arbitrary isometric action of a Lie group on a Riemannian manifold the following principle: an extra pression inside of a ball does not move it. 1. Wave fronts in S and H. The standard sphere S ⊂ R is defined by the equation x0+x 2 1+. . .+x 2 n = 1. The metric on the sphere is induced by the standard metric in R. Thus the distance between points X, Y of the sphere is equal to the angle XOY , where O stands for the center of the sphere. Let F ⊂ S be a cooriented wave front, which is a projection of an oriented Legendrian manifold. Let F move in S with unit velocity in the direction of the coorientation. Denote by F (t) the position of the front at a moment t and by c(t) the oriented (n−1)-dimensional volume of F (t). Obviously, F (t+2π) = F (t), and F (t + π) is nothing but the front centrally symmetric to F (t), whereas F (t + π/2) is the front dual to F (t) [2]. Thus c(t + 2π) = c(t), c(t + π) = −c(t) for n even, and c(t + π) = c(t) for n odd. For n even, let s(t) be a primitive function for c(t). Then s(t+ 2π) = s(t), because c(t) is an odd 2π-periodic function. So s(t) can be regarded as the volume bounded by F (t); this is motivated by the property s′(t) = c(t). To make the definition unambiguous, impose the condition s(0) + s(π) = 0, which implies that s is an odd function: s(t+ π) = −s(t) for any t. Let us recall some results on wave fronts in S. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 51M25. Secondary: 51M04, 51M09, 53A17, 53C65. This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under grant No. 95-01-00846 and by CEREMADE, Universite Paris-Dauphine. The paper is in final form and no version of it will be published elsewhere.


restarting anti-glaucoma medications as suggested by the authors. In the case of the everting suture of Figus and colleagues, they suggested a certain time frame: "pulling must not be performed too late because of the risk of heavy scarring that makes it unsuccessful." We have used FLS successfully to open a scared-down scleral flap 3 months postoperatively. This technique works best in a fat bleb secondary to flap fibrosis (Fig. 2). Alternatively, one can use a needle to help lift the flap in the early postoperative period, but bleb leaks and the risk of subconjunctival hemorrhage as eluded to by the authors are common risks. We agree with the authors that this technique is an additional useful tool for modulating filtration in the postoperative period.


In this note we study the nonexistence of local minima of the supersolutions of the polyharmonic equations on the balls under generalized homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. Under suitable restriction on the dimensions, this means that a generalized clamped circular plate, which is pushed from below, cannot bend downwards even locally. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Earlier studies in India have documented both positive and negative effects of microloans on women; however, most of the studies have been qualitative in nature or geographically limited and have largely ignored sociocultural variations in the country that might influence the effectiveness of microloan programs. The present study uses nationally representative data from India, from the third wave of the National Family Health Survey (nfhs-3), and logistic regression to examine if getting a microloan affects women's access to spaces outside their home, and whether this effect varies by the prevailing gender norms in their respective communities. The sample consists of 37,003 women aged 18-49 who were "usual residents" and knew about microloan programs in their communities. Results of the analysis indicate that the likelihood of full mobility (i.e., being allowed to go alone to the market, health facilities, and places outside the community) is higher for women who had taken a microloan, even after controlling for the effects of other individual-level and community-level predictors. Results also indicate that the microloan effect on women's mobility does not differ by the normative context of their respective communities.


2 for 240 s. The cell line was named anti-UV-B cell line and proved to be a mutant from the original protoplast by RAPD tests and kept the genetic stability among different generations. Chemical analyses showed that, the anti-UV-B cell line contained excessively higher content of polysaccharides and relatively higher content of triterpenes than those from the wild-type plants and cell lines from unscreened protoplasts. To understand the possible contribution of polysaccharides to its high tolerance to UV-B radiation, the antioxidant activity of the polysaccharides in this cell line was evaluated by free radical 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The results showed a significant antioxidant effect of the polysaccharides from this cell line in a concentration-dependent manner. This indicated that, the high content of polysaccharides might account for the high tolerance to UV-B radiation of this anti-UV-B B. scorzonerifolium cell line . Furthermore, this cell line displayed vigorous growth ability with high content of polysaccharides and triterpenes under artificial conditions, especially in the bioreactor, indicating it could have promising application potential for industrial production of antioxidant in medical and cosmetic areas.


The present invention provides a polishing pad, and the use of a polishing pad for polishing a substrate chemically mechanically. The polishing pad includes a plurality of grooves consisting of a second plurality of concentric grooves having a first plurality of concentric grooves, and concentricity of the second center having a first center of at least concentricity. The first center of the concentricity is not coincident with the second center of concentricity, the axis of rotation of the polishing pad, he matches at least one of the second center of the first center and concentricity concentricity not, a plurality of grooves are not continuous spiral groove, and the polishing surface is free of the groove pattern of the mosaic. .FIELD 1


Objective:To assess the effectiveness of acupuncture for treatment of neruodermatitis.Methods:According to the requirement of evidence-based medicine,acupuncture,body acupuncture,electroacupuncture,headacupuncture,three edged needle,plum-blossom needle,fire needle,elongated needle,encircling needling,auricular needle,cupping,injectio ad acumen,needle-embedding,moxibustion,neruodermatitis,random,comparison,blindness method,clinical trial,etc.were selected as retrieval words to retrieve the relative medical database at home,and clinically randomized controlled trials were used as enrolled criteria,the treatment group were treated with acupuncture or acupuncture plus other therapies,and the control group with western medicine,the cured rate and effective rate for neruodermatitis were used as assessment indexes.Altogether 10 papers were enrolled.Among them 9 papers were conducted for Meta-analysis by RevMan.Results:The total OR was 7.12 with 95%CI [2.88,17.58]of the clinically effective rate in the 9 studies,and the total OR was 4.07 with 95%CI[2.21,7.50]of the clinically cured rate in the 8 studies.The therapeutic effect in the treatment group on neruodermatitis was superior to that of the western medicine(P0.01).Conclusion:Acupuncture therapy for neruodermatitis is effective;but more high-quality studies are required to prove this view point.


Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a severely disabling disorder with potential detrimental effects on quality of life, gut function, and glucose homeostasis. Disease progression often results in irreversible morphological and functional abnormalities with development of chronic pain, mechanical obstruction, and pancreatic insufficiency. Along with comprehensive medical management, the concept of total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation (TP‐AIT) was introduced 40 years ago for patients with intractable pain and preserved beta‐cell function. With anticipated technical difficulties, total excision of the inflamed‐disfigured gland is expected to alleviate the incapacitating visceral pain and correct other associated abdominal pathology. With retrieval of sufficient islet‐cell mass, the autologous transplant procedure has the potential to maintain an euglycemic state without exogenous insulin requirement. The reported herein case of CP‐induced recalcitrant pain and foregut obstruction is exceptional because of the technical challenges in performing native pancreaticoduodenectomy in close proximity to the composite visceral allograft with complex vascular and gut reconstructions. Equally novel is transplanting the auto‐islets in the liver‐contained visceral allograft. Despite intravenous nutrition shortly after birth, liver transplantation at age 13, retransplantation with liver‐contained visceral allograft at age 17 and TP‐AIT at age 31, the 38‐year‐old recipient is currently pain free with full nutritional autonomy and normal glucose homeostasis.


Knowledge concerning the ecotoxic effects of nanomaterials, chemical structures with novel properties owing to their small sizes (1 to 100 nm), is wanting and deserves to be documented more fully. In this study we conducted testing with the MARA (microbial array for risk assessment) assay—an 11 microbial species 96-well microplate toxicity test measuring growth inhibition—to determine the toxic potential of four metallic nanopowders (MNPs): copper zinc iron oxide, samarium (III) oxide, erbium (III) oxide, and holmium (III) oxide. MTC (microbial toxicity concentration) endpoint values showed a range of toxicity responses generated by individual strains that was MNP-specifi c. Cluster analysis undertaken with the (n = 11) MTC values of the four MNPs, refl ecting a toxic fi ngerprint proper to each nanochemical, indicated that their modes of action may be different. Experiments were also conducted with an artifi cial sediment, composed of varying concentrations of silica sand and kaolin (fi ne particles < 0.004 mm), spiked with each MNP to assess the contribution of fi ne particles on the resulting elutriate toxicity. The latter was shown to increase as fi nes contents decreased, except for CuZnFeO where no particular trends were observed. Toxicity testing was then undertaken with each MNP spiked into natural Saint Lawrence River freshwater sediments displaying low, medium, and high fi nes contents. Once again, analogous results to those obtained with the artifi cial sediment experiments were observed for MNP elutriate toxicity. Overall, MARA bioassay data indicate that MNP toxicity can be modulated by sediment grain size and that resulting adverse effects on aquatic biota will in part depend on such sediment characteristics.


The textile industry presents a global pollution problem owing to the dumping or accidental discharge of dye waste-water into waterways, which is having a major impact on the quality and aesthetics of water resources. The World Bank estimates that 17 to 20% of industrial water pollution comes from textile dyeing and treatment. This percentage represents an appalling environmental challenge for clothing designers and other textile manufacturers. Recently, the application of metal oxide semiconductors in the advanced oxidation process (AOP) has gained wide interest for the treatment of dye waste-water owing to its good degradation efficiency, low toxicity and physical and chemical properties. AOP refers to a set of chemical treatment procedures designed to remove organic and inorganic materials from waste-water by oxidation. In this paper, recently developed metal oxide semiconductors are discussed, in which the semiconductors are generally divided into three categories: (i) titanium dioxide; (ii) zinc oxide; and (iii) other metal oxides (such as vanadium oxide, tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, indium oxide and cerium oxide). The syntheses and modification methods as well as the efficiency of each category are discussed and analyzed. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry


Taking the coverage of Beijing Olympic news in People's Daily,China Sports Daily, Beijing Evening,Jinghua Times and Titan Sports Weekly as research subjects,this paper dis- cusses the way and feature of the construction of public opinion environment of Beijing Olym- pics through the domestic newspapers.The result shows that the domestic newspapers carries out the function of public opinion guide,the market newspapers place extra emphasis on the news value,but all the papers also follow the propagandistic rules as a whole;for the aim of directions,the domestic newspapers mainly reflect the positive evaluations about Beijing Olym- pics,and the aim of public mobilization is also get;the positive public opinions enhance people' s enthusiasm and confidence to join in it.However,the consensus of public opinions tends to cause the shaking of public opinion.


Sir: Human defensin-5 (HD-5) is generally observed in Paneth cells of the small intestine and intestinal metaplasia (IM). We have previously proposed a unique classification of IM based upon cell differentiation status using both gastric and intestinal epithelial cell markers and demonstrated the presence of Paneth cells in pyloric glands in gastric and intestinal mixed (GI) phenotype IM as well as in the bottom of crypts in solely intestinal (I) phenotype IM using a specific antibody to HD-5. It is possible to analyse the phenotypic expression of each gastric cancer cell using gastric and intestinal epithelial cell markers, independent of the histological classification. Since the clinicopathological significance of Paneth cell differentiation for phenotypic expression has hitherto remained unclear in gastric neoplasms, we examined this question and the expression of Cdx2, the product of an intestinal homeobox gene, in 70 advanced gastric cancers. Totals of nine (12.9%) and 61 (87.1%) advanced gastric cancers were judged to be HD-5+ and HD-5–, respectively. In six of nine HD-5+ cases, expression was clearly detected in the cytoplasm of gastric cancer cells with Paneth-like intracytoplasmic eosinophilic granules (Figures 1 and 2). However, we found no individual malignant cells with both HD-5 and other intestinal phenotypic expression, these always being separate. No gastric cancer cells with gastric phenotypic expression were present in the areas of three of six abovementioned HD-5+ cases. In the remaining three cases, the gastric cancer cells with gastric phenotypic expression were observed in the areas having both HD-5 and intestinal phenotypic expression, but no malignant cells had both HD-5 and gastric phenotypic expression. Organoid structures mimicking the crypts of small intestine were occasionally observed, and cancer cells with HD-5 expression were detected in the bottoms of the small intestine-like crypts (Figure 1). In two of nine HD-5+ cases, the cytoplasmic staining of HD-5 expression was also clearly detected in gastric cancer cells having no Paneth cell-like intracytoplasmic eosinophilic granules in the cancerous areas with intestinal phenotypic expression. However, we found no malignant cells with both HD-5 and other intestinal phenotypic expression, these always being separate. No gastric cancers with gastric phenotypic expression were present in the areas (data not shown). In one of nine HD-5+ cases, cytoplasmic staining of HD-5 expression was detected in the gastric cancer cells both with and without Paneth cell-like intracytoplasmic eosinophilic granules in cancerous areas with intestinal phenotypic expression. Again, the cancer cells with HD-5 expression and the malignant cells with the intestinal phenotypic expression were separate. In the areas with the gastric cancer cells having no intracytoplasmic eosinophilic granules, we found no malignant cells with both HD-5 and the gastric phenotypic expression. HD-5 expression was detected in the bottoms of the glandular ducts with organoid structures mimicking GI-IM (data not shown). With regard to histological classification, we found no differences in HD-5 expression between differentiated and undifferentiated types. HD-5 expression was independent of the morphology of gastric cancer cells. Figure 1. A moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with cancer cells having intracytoplasmic eosinophilic granules. A, H&E staining. B, HD-5 is positive in the cytoplasm of gastric cancer cells with intracytoplasmic eosinophilic granules.


does not inquire into the function for them of the ideas they held, or investigate what they thought their roles would be in the new society they would create out of the existing order. Conversely, Nicholas I is regarded as having prosecuted arbitrarily and perversely members of his army and bureaucracy who devoted a good part of their energies to talk of reforming the state in a radical or revolutionary manner. In that unquestioned view of Nicholas, however, the author is as fashionable as in his use of the all-embracing ubiquitous American word "background." He contends that the members of the circle were bound together by their "gentry background." Was this some common experience in their past upon which they drew? What of their function in the social order? Did they share that? Did their function affect their view of a future state and society? Do the rigors of Evans's discipline discourage such questions? His discipline permits him, however, to conclude with another assumption, that of inevitability. In speaking of the circle he says, "Their failure was inevitable." Is that the objective verdict of history, or is it the judgment of an historian from the viewpoint of the success and failure of events as opposed to a search for their meaning?


The original B´erenger's perfectly matched layer (PML) was quite effective in simulating wave propagation problem in unbounded domains. But its stability is very challenging to prove. Later, some equivalent PML models were developed by B´ecache and Joly [4] and their stabilities were established. Hence studying and developing efficicent numerical methods for solving those equivalent PML models are needed and interesting. Here we propose a novel explicit unconditionally stable finite element scheme to solve an equivalent B´erenger's PML model. Both the stability and convergence analysis are proved for the proposed scheme. Numerical results justifying the theoretical analysis are presented. We also demonstrate the effectiveness of this PML in simulating wave propagation in the free space. To our best knowledge, this is the first explicit unconditionally stable finite element scheme developed for this PML model.


MUVIS is a series of CBIR systems. The first one has been developed in late 90s to support indexing and retrieval in large image databases using visual and semantic features such as color, texture and shape. During recent years, MUVIS has been reformed to become a PC-based framework, which supports indexing, browsing and querying of various multimedia types such as audio, video, audio/video interlaced and several image formats. MUVIS system allows real-time audio and video capturing, encoding by last generation codecs such as MPEG-4, H.263+, MP3 and AAC. It supports several audio/video file format such as AVI, MP4, MP3 and AAC. Furthermore, MUVIS system provides a well-defined interface for third parties to integrate their own feature extraction algorithms into the framework and for this reason it has recently been adopted by COST 211quat as COST framework for CBIR. In this paper, we describe the general system features with underlying applications and outline the main philosophy.


ABSTRACT Objective Our study aimed to investigate IL9 and IL9R expression in preeclampsia and assess their effects on trophoblast biological behaviors. Methods IL9 and IL9R expression of placenta tissue were evaluated by immunochemistry and q-PCR. Using transwell, CCK-8, and tubule formation assays measured invasion, proliferation and angiogenesis of trophoblast with adding IL9 or anti-IL9R antibody. Results IL9 and IL9R levels were significantly decreased in preeclampsia. IL9 improved trophoblast activities. Blocking IL9/IL9R resulted in decreased proliferation, invasion, and tube-formation capability of trophoblast. Conclusions IL9 and IL9R contribute to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. IL9/IL9R signaling provides a new potential therapeutic target for preventing preeclampsia.


Knowledge and skills of the year 3 medical students before and after the compulsory evidence-based medicine(EBM) seminars were evaluated by 2 different sets of 20 questions.The students were asked to evaluate the seminars anonymously at the end of the seminar.Feedback indicated that the seminars led to an overall increase in knowledge and enjoyed good acceptance by the students.


In many civil and military use cases, 5G can be a segment of a more complex end-to-end solution. In such a configuration, properly using the 5G security mechanisms to achieve defence-in-depth and compliance with zero-trust architecture is challenging. In our paper, we discuss the existing 5G security mechanisms related to the connection of trusted and untrusted non-3GPP access networks (wireless and wired), 5G roaming, and the 3GPP approach to support Uncrewed Aerial Services, which provides authentication between the mobile terminal and an external server. The identified use cases show the need and opportunities for reusing 5G security mechanisms beyond the 5G network domain. We discuss the options for end-to-end defence-in-depth security provisioning in multi-domain networks, and we present two approaches to providing end-to-end defence-in-depth mechanisms. The first relies on the alignment of security policies in multiple domains and is based on security proxies. The second is based on the multi-domain network slices.


Some 50 clinical laboratories in the Benelux perform flow cytometric HLA‐B27 screening and participate in the Benelux external quality assessment scheme operational since 1995. Results from this scheme indicate that cross‐reactivity of HLA‐B27 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a major problem.


In "Exceptional Persons," Tamar Gendler argues
that we cannot make reliable judgments about imaginary
cases because the conceptually necessary and sufficient
conditions for application of the concept of personal
identity (sameness of person) don"t guide our application in
everyday cases, and while acceptable in actual cases, this
leads to error in considering hypothetical cases. In this
paper, I explain Gendler's argument against the utility of
thought experiments on personal identity and argue that
the central case she uses to illustrate the problem is
mishandled.


Visits were made to Denmark and the Netherlands where meetings were attended of the Working Group on Fire of the Conseil International du Batiment and Working Groups 3, 4, and 5 of ISO/TC 92 on Fire Test Methods. The report summarizes the discussions held and observations made during visits to three laboratories. An important new development in European fire research is the increasing technical concern for problems of accidental fires. Germany has constructed a beam furnace of 2 1/2 x 11 meters size at Braunsweig, while the Danes and Swedes, each, are planning floor-beam furnaces of 4 x 11 meters size. There are plans under way to build a furnace to study steel constructions in an opening of 8 meters high by 4 wide. This furnace is planned for construction at Metz in Alsace. Not only are new and larger test facilities in planning as well as currently available but the technical level of the work is of high calibre. Plans are well in progress to solve problems of unwanted fires by technical understanding rather than empiricism The United States is still asleep so far as Government effort and leadership on building fire studies. SEVENTH MEETING CIB COMMISSION W14 Copenhagen, Denmark lb19 May 1966 The meetings of the Working Group on Fire were held at the Studenterforeningen , H.C. Andersens Blvd. b. We met as a group with delegates from ten different countries as shown in Appendix A. Dr. van Hoogstraten of TNO, Netherlands, was nominated and chosen as chairman. We then divided ourselves into three groups which proceeded to discuss: I. Endurance, II. Spread and Measurement of Smoke, III. Fires in Compartments. I elected to join Group III for the first day. Mr. Heselden was elected Secretary of this group. He led most of the discussion reporting on the progress to date on the international cooperative enclosure fire study. Analysis of the data now available shows that there are no significant biases between laboratories for the radiation and temperature measurements. However, one laboratory, Australia, did show significant bias with respect to burning rate data, both with its own data as well as in comparison with other laboratories. These variations were attributed to changes in box material used. Heselden reported that previous work had shown that the fuel consumption rate kg/min in enclosures could be closely correlated with A/"h in meters 5/2. The slope of the line was found to be 6 and thus in analyzing the data, they have elected, for convenience , to plot burning rate against bAfh or, for normalizat ion purposes , these same coordinates divided by B the box floor area. Mr. Heselden discussed the findings reported in [Ij in some detail. It was suggested the findings implied: 1. The enclosure fires with 1/3 stick spacing seem to correlate well at 1/4 or less window opening, but show significantly lower burn rates for larger windows. Perhaps this is associated with the transition zone we reported in our paper [2]. Similarly, the window radiation level for the cribs with 1/3 spacing was significantly below that for cribs of greater spacing. 2 .


Ubiquitin is generated by proteolytic cleavage of precursor proteins in which it is fused either to itself, constituting a linear polyubiquitin protein of head‐to‐tail monomers, or as a single N‐terminal moiety to one of two ribosomal proteins, eL40 (Ubi1/2 precursors) and eS31 (Ubi3 precursor). It has been proposed that the ubiquitin moiety fused to these ribosomal proteins could act as a chaperone by facilitating their efficient production, folding and ribosome assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We have previously shown that ubiquitin release from eS31 is required for yeast viability and that noncleaved Ubi3 can get incorporated into translation‐competent 40S subunits. In this study, we have analysed the effects of mutations that partially or totally impair cleavage of the ubiquitin‐eL40A fusion protein. While noncleaved Ubi1 is not able to support growth when it is the sole cellular source of eL40, it can assemble into nascent pre‐60S particles. However, Ubi1‐containing 60S ribosomal subunits are not competent for translation. This is likely due to a steric interference of the unprocessed ubiquitin with the binding and function of factors that interact with the ribosome's GTPase‐associated centre. In agreement with this suggestion, Ubi1‐containing ribosomes affect the efficient recycling of the anti‐association factor Tif6 and have a reduced presence of translation elongation factors. We conclude that the removal of the ubiquitin moiety from ribosomal protein eL40 is an essential prerequisite for both the cytoplasmic maturation and the functionality of 60S ribosomal subunits.


This paper investigates the perceptions of Africans on Chinese infrastructure development in Nigeria and Ethiopia. Using a sentiment-based text analysis methodology, this paper attempts to understand the perceptions and sentiments of Nigerians and Ethiopians on Chinese infrastructure projects. For this purpose, we choose Nigeria and Ethiopia as important destinations of Chinese investment in Africa. Africa is not only rich in natural resources; it also possesses a young population that makes the bulk of the working force. Despite its rapid GDP growth and growing urbanization, the continent is still entangled in the midst of underdevelopment, poverty and an acute lack of infrastructure to stimulate and sustain this economic development. China's investment in the continent is trying to tackle this infrastructure bottleneck by investing in the building of infrastructures such as roads, railways, ports and highways. The results show some overall positive popular sentiments towards Chinese infrastructure projects from both countries. To conclude, we argue for a need of more scrutiny from the parts of the leadership in Africa given the potential issues related to Chinese infrastructure projects in Africa.


Objective To explore the mechanism of urotensin Ⅱ vascular activation Methods We incubated isolated thoracic aorta and mesenteric arteries of male SD rats with urotensin Ⅱ gassed by 95% O 2 and 5% CO 2 at 37 ℃ NO production in the incubated fluid was measured NOS activities in the vascular tissues was assessed after incubation for 2 hours and 4 hours Immunohistochemical assay was used to determinate the induced NOS (iNOS) expression on the vessels Results UⅡ(10 -9 ?10 -8 mol/L) induced increases iNOS activities, iNOS protein expression and NO released from thoracic aortic adventitia( P 0 05) in a time independent manner NO released from mesenteric arteries was induced by UⅡ (10 -10 ~10 -8 mol/L) in concentration and time dependently( P 0 01) along with iNOS expression on the vascular adventitia and media, while NOS activities manifested little change Conclusion UⅡ induced vascular adventitia releasing of nitric oxide UⅡ had different effect on NO/NOS pathway, which ascribed to differential biological modulation in the thoracic aorta and mesenteric arteries


The manner in which local structure and chemistry deviate from the average crystalline unit cell has a great influence on the properties of many materials. This is particularly true for technologically important materials such as classical and relaxor ferroelectrics. These materials find applications in capacitors, computer memory, transducers and actuators. Perovskite relaxors, most notably PbMn 1/3 Nb 2/3 O 3 , have been widely studied, however the physical origin of the behavior is poorly understood. 1,2 Tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) is a metal oxide structure stable over a wide range of compositions, many exhibiting FE or relaxor behavior. 3,4 TTBs are, however, much more structurally complex than perovskites, commonly having modulated superlattices and The TTB structure in 1a. Zhu found a correlation between A-site cation size and modulation type and further linked the presence of relaxor behavior to the onset of incommensurately modulated structures with increasing A-cation radius. 3 Previous studies of the TTB modulations have been either x-ray diffraction based, focusing primarily on oxygen octahedral tilting, or used electron diffraction and dark field imaging to observe the correlation length of modulated regions. To study the relationship between relaxor properties and the modulated structures in TTBs, we have employed aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) high-angular annular dark field imaging to observe short- to long-range cation disorder on a sublattice specific basis. In this presentation, we report data from Ba 5 SmSn 3 Nb 7 O 30 (BSSN), which is a relaxor ferroelectric. We chose to image along the [110] zone


In Hassan v United Kingdom , the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights reviewed the deprivation of liberty of a young male by British armed forces during the phase of active hostilities in Iraq, which had raised issues relating to extraterritoriality, the right to liberty and security in times of armed conflict and the relationship between international humanitarian law (IHL) and human rights law (HRL).1 In its judgment of 16 September 2014, the Court ruled that by reason of the co-existence of the safeguards provided by IHL and by the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) in time of armed conflict, the grounds of permitted deprivation of liberty found in both bodies of law should, as far as possible, be accommodated and applied concomitantly. The greatest merit of the judgment is that for the first time it explicitly offered its view on the interaction between IHL and HRL and did not rely on the lex specialis principle, the traditional but flawed method for explaining the relationship between these spheres of law. However, the judgment is also a missed opportunity as the Court limited its analysis to the case at hand and provided limited guidance for the future, leaving a number of questions unaddressed.


[Objective] The research aimed to develop safe fruit preservatives and explore the preservation effects of Tadehagi triquetrum extract on strawberry. [Method] Tadehagi triquetrum extract with the material-liquid ratio of 1∶20 and its 5 fold dilution were prepared to study the fresh-keeping effect of Tadehagi triquetrum extract on strawberry.[Result] Dilution of Tadehagi triquetrum had inhibition effects on the respiratory intensity of strawberry.After 3 days,the respiratory intensity of strawberry was lower significantly than that of control group.The Tadehagi triquetrum extract could delay the decline of titratable acid significantly.In control treatment,the titratable acid of strawberry decreased 30.6% on the 6th day after storage,while in the treatment it decreased only about 20%.[Conclusion] Tadehagi triquetrum extract could improve the sensory quality significantly and had preservation effects on strawberry.


This paper, presented in June 2006 at the meeting Was Freud right? (1856- 2006), points out Drew Westen's concept of the psychoanalytical transference as a set of patterns (thoughts, feelings, motivations, affective regulations and behaviours) emerging in the therapeutic relationship. It would reflect some definite features of the patient's personality and interpersonal functioning more than the therapist's ones. Why that kind of transference emerges in that just moment in that just treatment? Which the linking between past and now and here events? Westen's answers root from the observation of brain processes by neuroimaging, that showed how thtransference in a definite phase of the analytical treatment reflects the confluence of neural associative networks activated in that phase and that two matching transference processes develop from them, the first leading to a cognitive activation of the past and the second to its edonic activation or inhibition. So, Westen can demonstrate his hypothesis of the transference as a form of compromise formation, cooperation or competition between cognitive and edonic activations. Every time the therapist refers to or thinks of her/his patient, the activation of these associative networks increases and lets the therapist understand even what the patient did not say verbally or explicitly. The article illustates also an interesting study about conflicts and defences of people standing for different political parties during the last (2004) presidential elections in the United States and its implications for the concept of transference as an activation of potentials based on the patient's history and psychodynamics, Ripensare il transfert dal punto di vista delle neuroscienze shaped by the influence of the neural networks activated in a given time by various factors, among which the specific patterns of the therapeutic relationship and the therapist's own characteristics.


Agro-ecology has been winning space in the field of rural development, as it has characteristics of clean and environmentally friendly production techniques, respecting individuals and organizations, partnerships among other networks of relationship, under a vision of complementarity for the integral development of the human being, the nature and mother Earth; which involves social, cultural, economic, productive and political aspects, taken into account in the National Plan of good living (Plan Nacional del Buen Vivir)
However, the experiences in the agro-ecological system in the country and regional and, province level has not been consolidated either in the productive or at commercial level, which is mainly attributed to producers who have chosen the agro-ecology system do not have a local system of guaranty which acknowledges the quality of the products and therefore allows them compete in the market, in addition to the lack of programs and projects from the state which support agro-ecology, as an alternative to accomplish with the socio-economic development of producers dedicated to farming activity, and also the general population by contributing with healthy products which guaranty the food security and sovereignty.
 Before this problem, the research focuses its attention on the assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the agro-ecological experiences in the parishes Chuquiribamba and San Pedro of Vilcabamba, then it evaluates the results in the process of agro-ecological transition, in which farms are currently working, and differentiates with the impact generated by the conventional or chemical production system, also compares the results obtained in the assessment of the two areas of study related to each other by the competitive and comparative differences in each zone. And based on this evaluation, other researches and bibliographic data, design a proposal that contributes to consolidate the productive and commercial processes of agro-ecology in the study cases of this paper.
In order to accomplish the objectives of this research, interactive methodologies were applied: field visits, surveys, interviews, training workshops planned by the RAL, socialization meetings, and validation of results in which directors and producers participated, associated by the RAL, UNL, and GAD of Loja county, as actors involved in the process of territorial agro-ecological guaranty system.
As response to this research work, it was possible to identify the relevant aspects and the positive impacts generated in the process of agro-ecological transition in the areas of study, referring to: increment of social and organization relationships, and exchange of experiences among agro-ecological producers in the same zone, and with other associations, strengthening of local capacities by training regarding the agro-ecology topic and collateral subjects, improvement of the diet in families and savings capacity due to self-consume of products from their farms, identification of profitability, and advances in the agro-ecological design of farms. Also the design of a proposal framed in action lines that involve production zones, products, organization, agents and commercial practices, and consumers; that allow contribute to consolidate the agro-ecology as an option for social and economic development of agro-ecological producers letting therefore to preserve the natural resources.


This article investigates the mechanism that motivates the meaning extension of the polysemous word maa in Thai in comparison to oda in Korean in order to compare similarities and differences of the basic locomotion verbs in both languages and to understand the cognitive process of Thai and Korean speakers. In this study, I found that the polysemy of maa in Thai and oda in Korean has more similarities than differences. Their similarities mainly result from the 'embodiment'. Embodiment is the direct bodily experiences of humans that give rise to a prototypical meaning in a word. In case of maa and oda, it means a movement towards a speaker or a reference point. The prototypical meaning subsequently becomes a foundation of meaning extension to more abstract, subjective and functional ones. In addition, another interesting phenomenon observed is that maa and oda have very similar types of aspectual meaning due to their grammaticalization. This study also supports the claim that even when the meaning extends to a very abstract meaning, such as aspectual meaning, it can still be traced back to the prototypical meaning via tracing the relationship between them.


Carnitine palmityltransferase was assayed in homogenates of human blood platelets by two methods: 1) Incorporation of radioactive carnitine into palmityl-carnitine in the presence of CoA, and 2) the formation of palmityl-carnitine from palmitate, CoA, radioactive carnitine and ATP in the presence of endogenous palmityl-CoA synthetase. Method 2 gave a reliable assay of the activity, which in 8 healthy, fasting subjects was 2.6 ± 1.0 nmol (mean ± S.D.) palmityl-carnitine formed per min per 109 platelets (about 0.16 ± 0.06 U/g wet cells). The activity of palmityl-CoA synthetase was 11.1 ± 3.5 nmol (mean ± S.D.) per min per 109 platelets (about 0.7 ± 0.2 U/g wet platelets). There was a significant correlation between the activity of carnitine palmityltransferase and the activity of palmityl-CoA synthetase.


Advances in the interconnected capabilities of cyber physical systems (CPS) affect virtually every engineered system. Today, software approaches dominate all aspects of connecting the physical and cyber worlds in part due to the convergence of computing, control and communications software technologies. Unfortunately, software technologies are more vulnerable to cybersecurity problems than traditional hardware solutions. This workshop aims to develop a research agenda for engineering cybersecurity into cyber physical systems (CPS) through designtime requirements engineering, continuous assurance at runtime, and cognitive security analytics. CPS are distributed, software-intensive smart systems that control tightly integrated computational and physical components. A combination of design-time and runtime techniques are needed to support reasoning about cybersecurity. We advocate a holistic requirements engineering approach, continuous validation with feedback loops supported by models at runtime and networked control, and cognitive security analytics using Watson. CCS Concepts • Software and its engineering➝Software organization and properties➝Software system structures • Security and privacy➝Software and application security➝Software security engineering


Mulberry, the sole food plant of silkworm Bombyx mori L is prone to various pests and diseases which reduce the quality and quantity of leaf there by silk production. Among various defoliators Leaf webber (Leaf roller) Diaphania pulverulentalis is one of the major pest which causes extensive damage to the mulberry gardens. The incidence of this pest is mainly seen in the major sericulture districts of Andhra Pradesh especially in Ananatapuramu. Hence, the present study is carried out to know the seasonal incidence of the leaf webber on mulberry and its intensity level.


The purpose of this work is to introduce the clinical set-ting of the Assistance Program for children who suffer from learning disorders. Said Pr...


From the Book:
PREFACE: Preface
This IBM Redbook describes what you can do to improve and maximize the performance of your business server applications running on IBM Netfinity hardware based on the Windows 2000 and Windows NT Server 4.0 operating systems. It describes what can be done to improve the performance of the Netfinity hardware, the operating system and specific server applications such as Lotus Notes, SAP R/3, and Microsoft SQL Server.

The keys to improving performance are to understand what configuration options are available to you, understand the monitoring tools that you use, and then analyze the results the tools give you so that you can implement suitable changes that positively affect the server.

The book is divided into four parts. Part 1 explains the technology implemented in the major subsystems in Netfinity servers and shows what settings can be made or adjusted to obtain the best performance. Rules of thumb are supplied to give you advice on what to expect from any changes you consider.

Part 2 introduces the two main performance monitoring tools that are available to Windows 2000 users of Netfinity servers: the Performance console and Netfinity Capacity Manager. Detailed instructions are provided showing you how to use the two tools and a comparison is made giving you insight into when to use one tool over the other.

Part 3 shows you how to analyze your system to find performance bottlenecks and what to do to eliminate them. We describe an approach you can take if you are asked to walk up and solve a performance bottleneck. We also provide details on what to look for and how to resolve problems.

Each of the majorsubsystemscovered in Part 1 are closely examined so that you can find specific bottlenecks and options are presented as to what can be done to resolve them. A discussion is provided to enable you to anticipate future bottlenecks as well. Part 3 also includes a sample analysis of real-life servers, showing how tools can be used to detect bottlenecks and what the recommendations are for particular systems.

Part 4 examines specific performance characteristics of specific server applications: Lotus Notes, Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Exchange, Oracle Server, SAP R/3, Windows Terminal Services, and a typical file server. For each of these applications, the redbook explains what can be done to maximize the server's performance.

This book is aimed at people who configure Windows 2000 servers and seek to maximize performance. Some knowledge of servers is required. Skills in performance tuning are not assumed.
The team that wrote this redbook
This redbook was produced by a team of specialists from around the world working at the International Technical Support Organization, Raleigh Center.

David Watts is an Advisory Specialist for Netfinity Servers at IBM's ITSO Center in Raleigh. He manages residencies and produces redbooks on hardware and software topics related to IBM Netfinity servers. He has authored over a dozen publications; his most recent books include Netfinity and Windows 2000 Integration Guide, Implementing Netfinity Disk Subsystems, and Netfinity Server Management. He has a Bachelor of Engineering degree from the University of Queensland (Australia) and has worked for IBM for over 11 years. He is an IBM Professional Server Specialist and is an IBM Certified IT Specialist.

Gregg McKnight is a Senior Technical Staff Member in the Netfinity Server Development and Performance department in Research Triangle Park in North Carolina. He has 14 years' experience in performance-related activities on IBM Servers and is currently the technical leader for the Netfinity Server Development and Performance organization, which is responsible for server systems simulation, design optimization, and system performance optimization and validation. His areas of expertise include hardware architecture and design optimization, BIOS optimization, server systems hardware and firmware measurement, optimization, and validation. He is the author of the IBM white paper Fundamentals of Server Performance.

Peter Mitura is a Technical Support Manager in the IBM Personal Systems Group supporting Central/Eastern Europe and CIS territories. He has five years of experience in the Technical Support field in the Personal Computer industry. He holds a Bachelor of Engineering degree from the Slovak Technical University and is a Netfinity Professional Server Specialist. His areas of expertise include analysis of information systems, Lotus Notes enterprise implementation, and personal computer hardware.

Chris Neophytou has worked as a Network Specialist with IBM Australia for two years. His areas of expertise include IBM Netfinity Servers, IBM ThinkPads, Windows NT 4.0, and Windows Terminal Server. He is a Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer (MCSE) and a Netfinity Professional Server Specialist. He has a Bachelor of Engineering degree, with honors, from the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology.

Murat Gulver is a Technical Project Manager at Bordata Bilisim A.S. in Turkey. He has three years of experience with Netfinity and the Microsoft server product line. He holds a Bachelor of Engineering degree from the University of Istanbul (Turkey) and has worked for Bordata for over three years. He is an IBM Professional Server Expert and a Microsoft Certified System Engineer (MCSE). His areas of expertise include hardware architecture, Windows NT 4.0 Server, Exchange Server enterprise design and implementation, and SQL Server database design and performance.
Comments welcome
Your comments are important to us!

We want our Redbooks to be as helpful as possible. Please send us your comments about this or other Redbooks in one of the following ways:

Fax the evaluation form found in "IBM Redbooks review" on page 593 to the fax number shown on the form.
Use the online evaluation form found at ...


The relationship between TV use and reading achievemet is reappraised, using data from a 3-year panel study. Strong and significant bivariate correlations replicate the findings of previous studies and support the contention that television use is negatively associated with reading achievement. As increasingly sophisticated analytic techniques are applied to the data, however, the relationships are seen to become progressively weaker, more ambiguous, and less compelling. When the LISREL model is used to tease apart the effects of true change from unreliability in the measures and to account for the stability of the variables over time, three patterns become apparent. First, all three variables of interest in this 3-year panel study−reading skills, TV viewing time, and reading time−are highly intercorrelated at the outset. Second, each of the three variables remains highly stable over the entire period of the study; relatively little variance in our sample measures appears to reflect true change. Finally, what change there is in reading time or in reading skills does not seem to be related consistently to time spent viewing television. Nor does time spent reading nonschool materials seem to predict increases in reading skills to any great extent. It is suggested that the entire question of the influence of out-of-school media use on reading achievement requires a far more sophisticated approach than has been typically applied in the past.


The method of the extraction of the left ventricle contours is developed for ventriculograms which obtained by radiological research of heart with the angiographic system. The proposed method includes the underlining of left ventricle contours through the repagular wavelet transform, that allows to reduce the error of detection of the edge and the area of left ventricle.


Fifty-six adult albino rats weighing between 150--200 gm were used for the experi-ments. After resection of the interparietal bone, a portion of cortical tissues was remo-ved from the central lobe of the cerebellum. To some of them a piece of cotton wasleft at the wound serving as a stimulator. The animals were sacrified 2,3,4,5,6, and 7days after operation and specimens of the cerebellar tissues were removed from the woun-ded area and fixed in Carnoy's fluid. Paraffin serial sections 6μ thick were stainedwith hemztoxylin-eosin. For RNA of Nissl bodies and DNA of chromosomes, bothKorson's toluidine blue-methyl green-orange G and Brachet's pyronin-methyl green me-thods were used. 3--5 days or 3--6 days (with cotton) after operation, prophase, me-taphase and anaphase of Purkinje cells in mitosis were found, among which metaphasewas the most numerous. It was suggested that the cotton, acting as foreign body, couldstimulate mitotic activity when it was applied to the wound. Basing on the location, shape and size of the cells undergo divisions, it leaves nodoubt that they are none other than Purkinje cells in mitosis.


AbstractFor the determination of the required embedded length for the safety against hydraulic heave several approximate solutions exist. However, most of these solutions do not take into account the geometrical boundary conditions such as width B and length L of the excavation as well as the thickness of the aquifer S. Thus, values obtained by such simplified approximate solutions can easily lead to either uneconomical or unsafe design. For this reason investigations on the safety against hydraulic heave have been carried out at the Chair of Geotechnical Engineering at RWTH Aachen University. Based on the results of numerous calculations dimensionless design charts have been generated. With the help of these design charts the required embedded length T can be determined quite easily taking into account the difference of the ground water level H, the Thickness of the aquifer S, the geometrical dimensions B and L of the excavation and the unit weight of submerged soil γ′. In addition to these design charts...


Motivated by a growing need to understand the computational potential of quantum devices we suggest an approach to the relevant issues via quantum logic and its model theory. By isolating such notions as quantum parallelism and interference within a model-theoretic setting, quite divorced from their customary physical trappings, we seek to lay bare their logical underpinnings and possible computational ramifications.
In the first part of the paper, a brief account of the relevant model theory is given, and some new results are derived. In the second part, we model the simplest classical gate, namely the N-gate, propose a quantization scheme (which translates between classical and quantum models, and from which emerges a logical interpretation of the notion of quantum parallelism), and apply it to the classical N-gate model. A class of physical instantiations of the resulting quantum N-gate model is also briefly discussed.


Two biodosimetric methods under development at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory were applied to five persons accidentally exposed to a "'Cs source in GoiPnia, Brazil. The methods used were somatic "null" mutations at the glycophorin A locus detected as missing proteins on the surface of blood erythrocytes and chromosome translocations in blood lymphocytes detected using fluorescence in-siiu hybridization. Biodosimetric results obtained -1 y after the accident using these new and largely unvalidated methods are in general agreement with results obtained immediately after the accident using dicentric chromosome aberrations. Additional follow-up of GoiPnia accident victims will 1 ) help provide the information needed to validate these new methods for use in biodosimetry and 2) provide independent estimates of dose.


Objective: To understand the latest trends of hepatitis B and C viruses frequency by detecting Hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C antibodies in young asymptomatic males. Design: Descriptive study. Setting and Duration: This study has been carried out at the Department of Pathology Combined Military Hospital, Risalpur and Department of Virology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi from 1st March 2010 to 30th September 2010. Material and Methods: One thousand and forty two physically fit candidates between 17 to 23 years of age, reporting to Engineer Centre Risalpur, from Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa for induction in Armed Forces, were enrolled in the study by non-probability convenience sampling. They were screened for HBsAg and anti HCV by Immuno-chromatographic rapid test devices, at Pathology Department Combined Military Hospital Risalpur. All positive samples were confirmed from Department of Virology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Rawalpindi by Enzyme Linked Immuno-sorbent assay. Results: Out of 1042 study subjects, screened during the period, 31 (2.97%) were found to be positive for HBsAg and 16 (1.53%) for anti HCV. As per available information, 876 study subjects belonged to rural areas and 166 belonged to urban areas. Mean age was 20±1.4 years and range was 17 to 23 years. Province wise 987 individuals belonged to Punjab, out of which 30 cases (3.0%) were positive for HBsAg and 15 cases (1.5%) were positive for anti HCV, which indicates that the predominant part of the study subjects were from Punjab and their positivity percentage is almost same as given in the study, whereas 55 individuals belonged to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Conclusion: Frequency of Hepatitis B and C in asymptomatic young males of Punjab is 3% and 1.5% respectively and that for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is 1.8% for both viruses.


Inlet pressure recovery of supersonic aircraft could be improved using a near-isentropic inlet with only a weak normal shock aft of the throat; however, such an inlet is highly susceptible to unstart. Small perturbations can move the shock ahead of the throat, where it is unstable. The dynamics of the inlet and shock are analyzed using a low-order model that captures both the nonlinear shock motion and inlet acoustic propagation. This model allows parametric exploration of both the potential and limitations of using control to stabilize actively the shock, including actuator authority as a function of location, actuator authority, and bandwidth requirements, and sensor requirements. A simple control law is shown to be sufficient to stabilize the shock motion.


1. Benson S. Hsu, MD, MBA*
2. Mary Guillot, MD*
3. Jennifer Mosher, MD†
4. Theresa Stamato, MD*

1. *Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD

2. †Department of Pediatrics, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND

A 16-year-old boy presents to a local emergency department with the acute onset of chest pain. He describes the pain as sharp, stabbing, and directly over his sternum with radiation to his back. Before this presentation, he had 1 week of upper respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms, including cough, rhinorrhea, and diarrhea.

Physical examination reveals a nontoxic-appearing teenager with a temperature of 98.06°F (36.7 ° C), heart rate of 93 beats/min, respiratory rate of 23 breaths/min, blood pressure of 116/65 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation of 96% in room air. His height is 66 in and weight is 66.4 kg for a body mass index of 23.5. His cardiac examination documents regular rate and rhythm and no murmurs, rubs, or gallops. His respiratory examination reveals good air entry throughout without wheezing or crackles. Capillary refill is at 2 seconds, and he has warm and well-perfused extremities. Abdominal examination findings are benign and sternal pain is noted at the xiphoid process.

In the emergency department, his chest pain improves with treatment directed at gastroesophageal reflux. …


The zoom optical system can realize continuous change of focal length in a certain range while keeping the image plane fixed and the relative aperture basically fixed.At present, the zoom system is designed to ensure the stability of the image surface mostly by mechanical compensation method, and the mechanical structure mostly uses the zoom cam as the power transmission mechanism.Good image quality and simple operation are the development direction of the cam curve design. In this paper, the mechanical compensated two-component zoom optical system is taken as an example, and the corresponding zoom cam curve is obtained by using three methods: the ray tracing method, the multi-point fitting method and ZEMAX macro. The data of image quality evaluation parameters are analyzed and the imaging quality of three cam curve fitting methods is compared.


A high-frequency RMS-DC converter having extended dynamic range operates by dynamically at low cost by adjusting the Scaling factor (denominator) of a detector cell Such as a Squaring cell. The output from the Squaring cell is averaged to generate a final output signal which can be fed back to a Scaling input for operation in a measurement mode, or used to drive a power amplifier in a controller mode. By implementing the Squaring cell as a transconductance cell using a modified multi-tanh Structure, the Scaling factor can be adjusted by dynamically changing the tail current through the cell which, in the measurement mode, is achieved by connecting the averaged output back to the Squaring cell. An exponentially responding amplifier can be used in the feed back loop to provide a linear-in-dB output characteristic.


Hydrocarbons generated in catalytic hydrogenoelysis of fatty ester and fatty alcohol have been previously determined.In this paper, the author reported that the following, compounds as well as hydrocarbons mentioned above, were also detected by means of GLC : a) hydrocarbons having higher carbon number than original fatty compounds.b) olefin and aldehyde which have same carbon number as the original material.c) dialkyl ether.


In laser beam riding guidance system, the information field of laser beam is the control information of guiding the missile flighting and it is the main test content of the missile weapon system state analysis. In the course of guidance, the information in different periods, positions and distances are different, however, it is consistent in the same period, position and distance, it is four-dimensional variable that contains a three-dimensional space variable and an one-dimensional time variable and the correlative nature is revealed between the time and distance variable. It is always a problem that the test of the information field with strict support conditions is difficult to adjust and need a long time, and the equipments are damaged heavily in the test. At present, the key content in the test of the information field is to extract the position information in the information field and assess the state through position information. The assessment method of information field of laser beam and the technique of feature extraction in the position of information field has been introduced in detail.


Material and methods: The research project was based on a sequential design. It included an exploratory study with 206 persons experiencing exclusion and marginalization, followed by a confirmatory study with 195 persons. We present the confirmatory study results, as well as a meta-analysis of both studies. Both studies were based on an integrated quantitative and qualitative research methodology, combining a semi-structured biographical interview, psychometric scales (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Index of WellBeing) and a projective test (Rotter Incomplete Sentences Blank). We developed original rating scales for the semi-structured interview and the answers to the Rotter test, allowing a step from qualitative analysis to inferential and multidimensional statistics.


The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on health care and including how healthcare staff deliver and admit newborn infants to neonatal intensive care units and care for them during interhospital transfers. Hospitals have established quarantine zones and provided personal protection equipment and viral filters for use during invasive and noninvasive ventilation. The virus that causes COVID-19 transmits via droplets and can remain viable in aerosols for three hours (1).


In this work, we mainly focused on the luminescence properties of ZnS:Mn nanocrystals. Various samples of ZnS:Mn have been characterized at different doping concentration, annealing temperature, spin speed and time. The present study shows the application of spin speed, spin time, doping concentration and temperature affect the luminescent intensity performance. Luminescent intensity becomes higher with the increasing film thickness. Spin speed and spin time are two major concerns for coating film to a demanded thickness on the glass slide. Film thickness is the main reasons of the increasing intensity with spin speed and time. Temperature dependent PL measurements provide thermally activated energy transfer from other defects to Mn2+ ions. As the temperature increase, the carriers can be trapped at Mn sites, enhancing the luminescence spectra. Meanwhile, the quenching process influenced the PL intensity with doping concentration. This process occurs at high Mn concentration which the energy transfer from Mn ions to the other nearest Mn atom is weak. Therefore, the luminescence of transition from 4T1 to 6A1 of ions becomes stronger. From this reason, it is shown that luminescent intensity increased with higher doping concentration but decreased with higher annealing temperature, spin speed and spin time during spin coating process.


While internet gets rapid growth, the demand of service gets a rapid growth. As the trunk network is tending toward perfection, the bandwidth of access network is becoming the bottleneck of service needs. Ethernet passive optic network (EPON) is a new technology which is considered one of the best solution of access network. This paper discussed the multicast mechanism in FTTH device, analysis and compares some multicast protocol, gives two multicast filtering mechanism. Finally a solution of multicast based on LLID in EPON system is presented.


With their similiar floatability,flotation and separation of dolomite and collophane are very difficult in phosphate beneficiation.The paper conducts a systematic research on effect the variety,concentration and pH value of collectors have on flotation and separation of collophane and dolomite with sodium oleate,sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate,sodium lauryl sulfate and a combination of sodium oleate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as reagents.The result indicated that sodium oleate in the single collector has the best effect,pH in the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate system exerts significant impact on flotation of dolomite and the combined reagents show the better effect compared with the single collector.


Aiming at the problem of high power consumption and low energy utilization rate of hydraulic driven fan cooling system of armored vehicle, the hydraulic control system is improved, and the corresponding mathematical model is established. The corresponding fuzzy PID controller was designed, and the simulation experiment was carried out to simulate the influence of the load torque and the speed of the engine on the fan speed. The results show that it can better adapt to the fan load torque and engine speed changes, and it has good tracking effect, which means that it can effectively meet the requirements of armored vehicle fan speed precise control.


The effects of nickel salt and additive (humectant, unknitting reagent and brightening reagent) concentration of electroplating solution, cathodal current density and heat treatment on the technology performance of nickel foam and the cathodal current efficiency have been investigated, the influence mechanisms of these factors on the quality of the nickel foam have been elucidated. The method to improve the technology performance of nickel foam has been put forward and excellent nickel foam has been prepared.


Purpose. To evaluate the effects on extraocular muscles of a skeletal muscle-specific immunotoxin, saporin-mAb 73, as an alternative to botulinum toxin to induce a permanent correction of oculo-facial dystonias or some forms of ocular motility disorders. Methods. An immunotoxin was prepared with a monoclonal antibody (mAb 73) against acetylcholine receptors of skeletal muscle, linked to saporin, a type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) from Saponaria officinalis. Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits were treated with a single injection of immunotoxin directly into the medial rectus muscle of one eye. Four different dosages of 2, 5, 20, or 50?ng saporin-mAb 73 were used. The rabbits were sacrificed at two, 7 and 14 days post-injection. The medial rectus muscle and the retractor bulbi muscle of both the injected and the fellow eyes were taken and serial sections were examined by light microscopy in a blinded manner. Results. Saporin-mAb 73, even at the dosage of 2 ng, brought about focal damage in the extraocular muscles of rabbits without histological changes in adjacent muscles. The histological examination revealed necrotic/apoptotic lesions restricted to the sites of inoculation and largely infiltrated by macrophages. No evident inflammatory reaction was detected at any time and neutrophils were substantially absent. At 14 days after injection, necrosis/apoptosis was still evident and the sclerotic reaction was minimal. Conclusions. The immunotoxin saporin-mAb 73 injections into the extraocular muscles of rabbits caused focal damage to the muscles. There was no significant inflammatory reaction and muscle fiber loss was present even at the lower doses. Although the lesions were followed for only 14 days, our results suggest that saporin-mAb 73 has potential to cause safe focal muscle damage but longer-term follow-up are needed to investigate the persistence of muscle weakness.