A resistive working memory device includes a first conductive line on a substrate, a vertical selection diode comprising a nanowire or a nanotube disposed over the first conductive line, a resistive-working element, including a resistive working layer disposed over the vertical selection diode, and second conductive line disposed over the resistive operating member, a.


An efficient process for synthesizing and isolating a new investigative anticancer agent, 1-bromoacetyl-3,3-dinitroazetidine, is described. The reaction entails a sequence of oxidative nitration followed by acylative dealkylation. The methods reported give 50–60-g batches of high-purity product without a designated purification step. The reaction conditions have been designed to mitigate the safety concerns associated with gem-dinitroazetidines. Some observations on the acylative dealkylation mechanism are discussed.


Three-module, prefabricated or mobile homes are described in combination with a unique angular placement of the homes in a mobile home park which provides maximum privacy and enjoyment of the home site. The homes comprise a utility core module which is assembled to two additional modules on the lot. The substantially greater width of the assembled home permits use of shorter modules than the conventional two-module mobile homes without sacrifice of floor space. The shorter units permit faster and simpler positioning on the home site. Preferably, the units are placed at an angular orientation to the lot lines so that four triangular areas are thereby defined in the corners of the lot which provide increased off-street parking, greater privacy and more useful outdoor recreational areas than possible with conventional two-module homes which are positioned on their lots parallel to the lot lines.


This research examines and evaluates students' perceptions of the effectiveness of social media (Twitter) in their learning environment. The investigation was conducted in a university located in Saudi Arabia. Twitter was integrated into the learning environment to precisely examine the potential of social media in education. The study attempts to address the research topic from several aspects: examining the challenges that students face during the integration, evaluating and discovering possible pitfalls associated with social media and education, evaluating the positive capacity of Twitter in learning and as a pedagogical tool, and investigating students' educational engagement through the social media platform.

A mixed-methods approach was conducted for data collection, including quantitative (online questionnaires) and qualitative (face-to-face interviews) methods. The obtained data were analysed quantitatively using descriptive and inferential statistics analysis, including exploratory factor analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), and qualitatively through thematic analysis.

The analysis of students' perspectives revealed that they had positive Twitter experiences, and they expressed that utilising Twitter can facilitate and improve their educational activities, including knowledge sharing, communication, interaction and collaboration, questioning, and finding answers. The analysis also revealed that they believed that Twitter is a supportive tool that 'often' increases students' engagement in educational activities, such as being involved in discussions and asking questions.

In relation to some of the students' preferences, it was revealed that there were few concerns related to privacy. In addition, interviews revealed there was a small amount of non-academic interaction via Twitter as well as difficulties in accessing the platform, including the internet services.

The study highlights the process of integrating Twitter in learning, as this could increase its positive impact; the process includes the provision of a general induction, an explanation of the purpose, and how students might achieve their goal.

The study is important as it provides an overall picture of the use of social media in higher education. It also assists in the development of integrating social media, particularly Twitter, in general academic practice or in the learning environment.


This paper examines the reactions of 46 adult women to the deaths of their elderly mothers. Content analysis of interview and questionnaire data revealed that a daughter's ability to resolve the grief associated with her mother's death was significantly affected by the kind of relationship she had had with her mother when the mother was alive. Women whose grief reactions were more resolved were more likely to have had close, mutually accepting relationships with their mothers. Women whose reactions remained unresolved one to five years af~erth e death were more likely to have had relationships that were ambivalent, conflictual, or emotionally distant. These findings provide new evidence of the important influence that mother-daughter relationships have throughout women's lives.


The study of an electric vehicle is an attractive topic for students. At the University of Lille1 (France), an electric car is used to teach and develop drive control skills. From software simulation and Hardware-in-the-loop simulation, the students in electrical engineering learn drive control steps with a real electric vehicle. In this paper, the Energetic Macroscopic Representation is used to describe the electric car. This graphical tool allows the decomposition of the studied vehicle in accordance with physical laws. The control scheme is then deduced from the description using the inversion-based control rules.


Modern Japanese instruction has taken as its objective both humanism and toolism instead of single toolism. In learning Japanese, we should not only use Japanese as a tool, but also value the cultural elements contained in the language and our behaviors. So it is necessary for us to have the cultural elements permeate through the whole process of Japanese instruction.


In 1985, US statistics showed that the net international investment position turned negative for the first time since World War I. In 1989, the US net international investment position again turned negative for the first time since World War I. How is that possible? In the meantime, a revision had raised the valuation of US assets overseas, by recognizing, for example, increased prices of capital assets acquired in the distant past. This revision was large enough to restore America's net creditor status, though only temporarily. The magnitude of this revision is one indicator of how large the measurement errors in these data are, or at least how bad they have been in the past, which in turn is one reason why they have been so little used. The worldwide discrepancy is another tangible illustration of the problem.


Extensions of a basic allometric equation applied in predicting total foliage of individual trees were developed to estimate foliage and woody components of individual branches in western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco), and grand fir (Abiesgrandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.). Nine initial equations were fitted on both nonlinear and log-transformed scales to data collected in the western Cascade Mountains of Washington. In all cases, the logarithmic form of each equation provided the best fit to the data based on a modified likelihood criterion and residual patterns. Branch diameter was the overall best predictor of branch foliage and woody mass; however, significant (p = 0.05) improvements in fit were obtained when other structural and positional variables were included in the equations (e.g., foliated branch length and depth into crown). The effects of fertilization and site (locality) differences were explored using indicator variables for west...


The authors have been developing an automatic narrative generation game using the method of tabletalk role playing game (TRPG) that is an analog game based on the interactive process by real humans. This system progresses by repeating of the interaction between a game master (GM) and players (PLs). Although the GM prepares a story as a basis of the process, the PLs can detail and change the story. A basic idea in this chapter is that a gap created through the interaction between the GM and the PLs, namely the gap between the original story by the GM and the changed story, gives various impressive effects for an interesting story or narrative, especially a kind of surprise. Based on the above basic idea, in a previous research the authors studied the relationships between gap and surprise, narrative or story techniques producing surprise, and so on using short stories really generated by the authors' narrative generation system.


One form of progress in the current financial sector is evidenced by the adaptation of Fintech, which stands for sharia P2PL Financial Technology. Financial institutions in carrying out their activities cannot be avoided what is called risk. That's why to gain profit and customer trust, financial institutions are required to have good risk management, especially fintech companies that offer convenience and efficiency in transactions, so they will be very vulnerable to various types of risks in the financing process that can affect the sustainability of the fintech itself. fintech companies, before channeling financing to potential recipients of funds, also need to be able to pay attention to various risks that may arise, both predictable and not, and also have techniques for mitigating risks from all possibilities that may occur in the future, so there is a need for strategic steps and ways to minimize existing risks. This type of research is empirical and uses a qualitative approach with secondary data source. From the explanation, it can be said that PT ALAMI Sharia has carried out Sharia fintech P2PL transactions that are following existing economic principles starting from the identification of potential recipients of funds, analysis carried out by PT ALAMI and risk mitigation carried out by PT ALAMI Syariah.


Numerical simulations of flow,heat transfer and combustion process in sprayed and spiraled precalciner were investigated by means of a Eulerian/Lagrangian approach.The flow field,distribution of temperature and concentration of gas constituents were predicted.The results show temperature drops with the increase of precalciner height,and the highest temperature appears in the area of the inlet of coal.The distributions of CO,O2 and CO2 concentration are strongly related to the temperature field,that is,the high temperature area corresponds to the high CO and low O2 and CO2 concentration area.


It is shown that the experimental data on the magnetic field dependent tunnel splitting in the magnetic molecular solid ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{8}$ can be accurately described by assuming an inhomogeneous distribution of dipolar magnetic fields and small misalignments of the molecules. The procedure for averaging over these inhomogeneities is developed in light of the fact that the measured quantity is the Landau-Zener-St\"uckelberg relaxation rate. The parameters that best fit the data are discussed in relation to other experiments, and the description is compared to that by previous authors.


Based on the Zheng-Xi passenger dedicated line,the author puts forward the design-calculation thinking that the loess foundation is treated with pile-net composite foundation,the design and the calculation of the typical section show that the bearing capacity and the consolidating settlement after construction can meet the design requirements by using the lime-soil pile-net composite foundation.


In modern conditions of managing important task is to increase energy efficiency and energy efficiency as one of the priorities of economic policy. The purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretical and methodological approaches and practical recommendations aimed at the implementation of evaluation and monitoring of energy efficiency policy instruments. Methods of research are analysis and mathematical modeling. Implementation of the system of energy efficiency indicators will increase the efficiency of the proposed measures; compare the current status in various sectors to global peers. In this article we used the method of data analysis - Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to estimate the effectiveness of energy efficiency indicators in comparison with those of other countries. DEA technique allows a comparative analysis of energy efficiency indicators, which is based on a comparison of the values of the individual groups of indicators with each other. However, the use of this technique in a Kazakhstan limited lack of statistical information of many indicators and series of the dynamics of the existing indicators.


Abstract : This research concerns the development of cooperative control of two spacecraft mounted two-link manipulators as they reposition a common payload. Lagrangian formulation is used to determine the system equations of motion. Lyapunov stability theory is used to develop the cooperative control by using a reference trajectory and reference actuator torques. Polynomial curves represent potential reference trajectories. Numerical methods select specific reference trajectories to minimize the disturbance torque transmitted to the spacecraft during the payload repositioning maneuver. The reference actuator torques are selected to minimize weighted norms of the torques. Analytical and experimental models of planar motion are used to study the performance of different cooperative controllers. The fifth order polynomial reference trajectory leads to superior performance in terms of spacecraft attitude accuracy, actuator torque magnitude, payload repositioning accuracy, and maneuver time. The higher order polynomial reference trajectory results in only minor improvement in performance. The experimental results verify the concept of cooperative control. Space robotics, Cooperative control, Attitude control


The Colombian nation has been submerged in an armed conflict characterized by its diverse expressions of violence, by its extension in time and geography. Although life projects are transformed throughout life, the victimization suffered can radically change the horizon of any person, especially when they are in childhood or adolescence. In fact, the damage to the construction of identity caused by mood disorders and the incomprehension of the facts in the lives of children and adolescents (hereinafter NNA) seriously hampers the life cycle in which they find themselves. The International Principles on the Fight against Impunity and the International Principles on the Right of Victims to Reparations reaffirm the obligations of states to guarantee human rights. They also ratify that reparation is intended to minimize the harmful impact on the victim and to restore it, as far as possible, to the previous state.


A cell of a transgenic plant transformed by nucleic acid encoding a protein phosphatase Stress-Related (PHSRP) which is Protein Phosphatase 2A-2, wherein expression of the nucleic acid in the plant cell results in increased tolerance to drought and / or temperature compared to a variety of the plant cell wild type, wherein the PHSRP is a PP2A-2 as defined in SEQ ID NO: 11 or sequences that are at least about 50 - 60% identical to the entire amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 11.


Objective To analyze the correlation between 18F-FDG SUV and immunohistochemical index including GLUT1,Ki-67,MVD,survivin and cyclinA in non-snall-cell lung cancer.Methods Thirty-three patients with NSCLC underwent preoperative PET/CT examination and surgical operation.All patients were divided into two groups according to the size of tumor(cutoff=3 cm),metastasis of mediastinal or hilar lymph nodes or not,and histological types of the cancer,respectively.The expression of GLUT1,Ki-67,MVD,survivin and cyclinA were estimated with SP immunohistochemical technique,and were analyzed statistically to reveal the correlation to FDG SUV.Results The rate of positive expression of GLUT1,Ki-67 and CD34 were 66.67%,72.73% and 100%,respectively.The mean value of CD34 in all 33 patients was 12.6±2.9(12-56).The rate of positive expression of survivin was 84.85%,and the corresponding data of cyclinA was 27.27%.Conclusion There is linear correlation between FDG PET SUV and GLUT1,but not between FDG PET SUV and Ki-67,MVD,survivin and cyclinA.The expressions of GLUT1,Ki-67,MVD,survivin and cyclinA are not related with the size of tumor,nor metastasis of lymph nodes.The expression of GLUT1 and Ki-67 is related with histological types of the cancer,but not with MVD,survivin and cyclinA.


The different chilling stress grads as 15,10,5℃ and 0℃ in comparison with 25℃ were treated on the variety CPI86134 of Chamaecrista rotundifolia.The results showed that net rate of O~-· _2 generation increased as chilling stress enhanced and longer;the contents of scavenging enzymes (SOD、POD、AsA-POD) also increased quickly in 48 hours under chilling stress,then slowly dropped.And after 6,12,18 and 24 hours treatment with 0℃ chilling stress on Chamaecrista rotundifolia,the content of chlorophyll (chl) increased 21.89%,26.04%,28.16% and 29.31% respectively than CK(25℃),dissolubility protein content and O~-· _2 net generation rate increased as well,the scavenging enzymes(SOD) activity increased at first,then dropped.The treatment of using Ca~2+ under chilling stress could significantly decreased the net rate of O~-· _2 generation and the leakage rate of electrolyte,the contents of scavenging enzymes SOD and the chlorophyll (chl) content increased as well.The effect of 0.5mmol/L CaCl_2 was the best,which indicated that Ca~2+ could protect the membrane structure of Chamaecrista rotundifolia under chilling stress.


The article refers to subcultural features of the KVN-movement. It reveals the KVN-language specificity as the main identified marker, analyzes its levels, forms, methods and problems.


A popular metaphor in recent years compares the process of writing a computer program to that of designing and building a bridge. The point of the metaphor is that it's not acceptable to debug a new bridge design by building the bridge, opening it to traac, and waiting to see whether or not it collapses. People who use this metaphor argue that the analogous technique isn't acceptable in computer programming either. The phrase software engineering was coined to evoke the comparison with civil engineering and other, similar disciplines. The view of programming as software engineering has had a profound innuence on computer science education. The purpose of this paper is to examine that innuence, particularly at the high school level through the College Board Advanced Placement curriculum, and suggest an alternative view. (I am focusing attention on the A.P. curriculum to make the point concrete, but it is just one of many similar innuences. The College Board did not invent the software engineering view; it tries to follow the lead of its client colleges. At the college level, the ACM curriculum standard could be cited instead. I teach at both levels, but I feel most strongly about the inappropriateness of the software engineering approach in secondary education.) What are the characteristics of the software engineering approach? One fundamental assumption is that the goal of a project is given in advance. It is not the civil engineer's job to decide where a bridge should be built, or whether a bridge should be built in the rst place. Those decisions are made by someone else|politicians, traac ow experts, perhaps railroad owners. The engineer is employed to carry out a predeened project, and is given a formal speciication of the requirements. A natural consequence of externally-provided goals is a top-down design technique. Ideally, beginning with the formal goal speciication, the engineer maps out large subtasks, then develops each subtask into more and more detailed structure by a process called \stepwise reenement," one of the central elements of the structured programming methodology. Mastery of this technique is the main content, apart from programming language syntax, of most introductory computer science courses. If a bridge falls down, its designer can be sued for damages. A similar standard of professional liability should apply to the authors of computer programs, if lives or property are endangered by their failure. Some professional societies have begun to propose uniform …


This paper estimates the impact of the reason for layoff (economic or personal) on the length of the subsequent unemployment spell, exploiting the French Labour Force Survey. In order to control for an eventual endogeneity of the reason for layoff, a joint model of the type of layoff and unemployment duration is proposed. The length of the unemployment spell is estimated to be significantly shorter after a layoff for economic reasons than after a layoff for personal reasons, especially for nonsupervisory workers with less than a high school degree. We interpret these findings as a sign that the type of layoff is used by prospective employers as a signal of unobserved worker's productivity.


Contemporary western psychiatry is disengaging too readily with the notion
that severe mental disorder characterised by psychotic experiences such as
hallucinations and delusions can be a primary reaction to overwhelming stress or
distress (Ungvari & Mullen, 2000). Reactive psychosis, a term coined over a century
ago to differentiate these disorders from other psychotic processes more closely
resembling schizophrenia, was investigated in 217 first episode psychosis patients
being treated at the Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre, in
Melbourne, Australia. Reactive psychosis criteria were first operationalised using the
Reactive Psychosis Rating Form (RPRF). These patients' course and outcome were
then compared with their non-reactive psychosis counterparts over a 15-month follow
up period. Twenty nine percent of first-episode psychosis patients met criteria for
reactive psychosis. The reactive psychosis group had a more rapid initial recovery
from their psychosis and social and occupational impairments, compared with their
non-reactive psychosis counterparts. Clinical practice at the centre dictated that these
patients had discontinued their anti-psychotic medication faster than the non-reactive
psychosis group, suggesting the need to reconsider early psychosis treatment
guidelines.


The metropolitan subway network of Seoul has gone through many evolutionary processes in past decades to disperse the floating population and improve the traffic flow. In this study, we analyzed how the structural characteristics and the efficiency of the subway network have changed according to the dynamic evolutionary processes of the metropolitan subway network of Seoul. We have also proposed new measures that can be used to characterize the structural properties of the subway network more practically. It is shown that the global efficiency is about 74%, which is higher than those of subway networks of foreign countries. It should also be considered that passenger flow between stations is even higher, at about 85%. Since the private lines, including line 9, the New Bundang line, the Uijeongbu line, and the Ever line do not release their traffic data since September, 2013, only 5 years of data from September, 2008 to September, 2013 is available. So, in this study we limit the analysis period to these 5 years.


Satellite data measuring aerosols over the Canary Islands need to be correctly interpreted in accordance with the spatial resolution and spectroscopic channels used. In situ data are still a necessary reference for calibrating and interpreting the aerosol index provided by different spectrometers onboard satellites. A comparison of both techniques (in situ and remote) is discussed in this paper, showing there is no linear correlation between the aerosol index and the extinction coefficient. Here, we present an interpretation of different situations arising and discuss critically the correct interpretation of the aerosol index and images provided by the TOMS in accordance with the dust presence over the Observatories. The aerosol index measured at sectors centered at both Observatories (Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos -ORM-, on La Palma and Observatorio del Teide -OT-, on Tenerife) is also compared.


A new rearrangement of the cyclic L-glutamine derivative(S)-6-carbamoylamino-3-(methylamino)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridin-2-one (2) and its descarbamoyl analogue 10-H was found to yield enantiomerically pure 5-carbamoylimino-1-methyl-L-proline amide (12-CONH2) and its descarbamoyl analogue 12-H, respectively. Cyclic amidines 2 and 10-H were generated from the amide N2-ZGlnOEt 3 in seven and six steps, respectively. Deprotection of (S)-6-amino-3-[(N-benzyloxycarbonyl-N-methyl)amino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridin-2-one (8) led directly to 5-iminoproline amide 12-H (via 10-H and the bicyclic orthoamidine 11-H) in 66 % overall yield from 3. Carbamoylation of 8 with ZNCO (Z = PhCH2OCO) followed by hydrolytic removal of both Z groups gave 5-(carbamoylimino)proline amide 12-CONH2 (via 2 and orthoamidine 11-CONH2) in 70 % overall yield from 3.


Data mining is a complex process that aims to derive an accura te p edictive model starting from a collection of data. Tradition al approaches assume that data are given in advance and their quality, size and str ucture are independent parameters. In this paper we argue that an extended vision of data mining should include the step of data acquisition as part of the overall pr ocess. Moreover the static view should be replaced by an evolving perspective th at conceives the data mining as an iterative process where data acquisition and da ta analysis repeatedly


In this paper, I'm going to talk about the theoretical and experimental progress in studying spin-orbit coupled spin-1 bosons. Realization of spin-orbit coupled quantum gases opens a new avenue in cold atom physics. In particular, the interplay between spin-orbit coupling and inter-atomic interaction leads to many intriguing phenomena. Moreover, the non-zero momentum of ground states can be controlled by external fields, which allows for good quantum control.


Character names and character types are recognizable devices that mediate themes in Ng ũ g ĩ wa Thiong'o's fiction. These character names and character types encapsulate the social reality that the author writes about and comprise a fresh way of understanding his novels. From this encapsulation, authorial partisanship and worldview are decipherable. A cursory review of Ng ũ g ĩ 's fiction reveals that these two aspects are sporadically found in his earlier fiction— The River Between , Weep Not, Child and A Grain of Wheat —but they become more evident features of Ng ũ g ĩ 's style in Petals of Blood and are used to maximum effect in Devil on the Cross , Matigari , and more recently in Wizard of the Crow . For pur-poses of brevity, however, the discussion in this paper focuses on Devil on the Cross and Wizard of the Crow. 1 The section on Devil on the Cross appeared originally in Ufahamu and only minor changes have been made in the analysis of the text in that section. 2 The section on Wizard of the Crow is entirely new. to identify author's


It is proved that cloud computing has many benefits, and cloud services with flexible licensing model and cost saving features bring opportunities to enterprise's IT operations. Conventional ERP sy ...


The multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) have been added into LiFePO4 as composite electrodes of lithium battery by ball milling. The charge-discharge capacity, cyclic voltammetry, cycle life, alternating current impedance and discharge temperatures characteristic are investigated. It's found that adding carbon nanotubes is advantageous to enhance the electrochemical performance of the LiFePO4 electrodes as a whole. The composite electrode with 10% MWNTs adding quality exhibites a superior charge-discharge performance, and has initial charge capacities of 148 mAhg-1 and discharge capacities of 145 mAhg-1 respectively in the initial cycle at 0.1C charge-discharge rate. And the discharge capacity is 135 mAhg-1 at 0.5C rate and 124 mAhg-1 at 1.5C rate. The resistance values of LiFePO4/MWNTs composite electrode adding MWNTs quantity from 0% to 20% have a significant decrease when adding appropriate MWNTs. After 80 cycles, it has still 131mAh/g and the capacity holding is 90% after 80 cycles. The discharge capacity of composite electrode increases with increasing environment temperatures from 0 to 60°C, and maximal value is 153 mAhg-1 in the temperature of 60°Cand has better performance of high temperature.


The Rhone below Lyon has been modified on a major scale as the result of a century of improvement works (embankments and hydroelectric dams) ; these works have aged and are now being repaired. This article looks at such action on the by-pass section of the Rhone at Pierre-Benite. An audit was carried out of the river's ecogeographical functional organisation using a pluridisciplinary approach based on geomorphological, batrachological and phyto- ecological indicators. From the results, various proposals have been made to assist in defining a programme of rehabilitation for the river's flood plain ftaking account of both abandoned channels and their wooded margins.


Objective To evaluate the correlation of embolism area and basis diseases in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE).Methods 129 patients with PTE admitted and treated in our department from 2002 to 2007 were retrospectively reviewed.Close attention was paid to embolism area and basis diseases.Influencing factors were extrapolated with univariate analysis and then multivariate analysis.Results Among the 129 patients,the peak period of age was 50~70 years old,the numbers of female were higer than that of male after 50 years old.Complicating Basis diseases in patients with PTE were following in order:hypertension(HBP)(58.91%),deep venous thrombosis(DVT)(47.29%),hyperlipemia(30.10%),chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases(COPD)(21.71%),coronary artery disease(CHD)(20.93%),atrial fibrilation(AF)(10.85%)and so on.56.59% patients with PTE had more than two basis diseases,there was no correlation between the number of basis diseases and embolism area.Univariate analysis showed that age(≤40years、≥71years),case history of operation and bone fracture,AF and DVT were significantly correlated with the occurrence of massive PTE(P0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that AF and DVT were independent risk factors that determined the magnitude of embolism area(P0.05).Conclusion Age(≤40years、≥71years),case history of operation and bone fracture,AF and DVT are significantly correlated with the occurrence of massive PTE;AF and DVT are independent risk factors that determined the magnitude of embolism area.


It considers a two-stage supply chain with one warehouse and many retailers. The mathematical model is defined as the warehouse with two different channels and the different priorities of retailers. Then a modified genetic algorithm is designed and a two-stage inventory allocation mechanism is proposed to solve the inventory allocation problem with the aim of minimizing the total cost of the supply chain. Application data are obtained to validate the model, the result shows that the proposed mechanism is better than the modified First Come First Service mechanism(FCFS)and the GAP between the solution of GA with the proposed mechanism and optimal solution of Cplex is less than 10%. The numerical experiment indicates that the proposed mechanism can solve the inventory allocation and the algorithm can determine the parameters of the inventory strategy effectively.


Based on the theory of entrepreneurship and knowledge spillover, this study analyzed the dataset of newly created entrepreneurial firms in the manufacturing sector in 31 regions of China between 2010 and 2014 by the system generalized method of moment estimator. The results showed that:(i) Regional knowledge production generated both positive intra-and inter-regional externalities to the activities of new venture creation.(ii) The intra-regional effects of knowledge production were stronger than the inter-regional ones.(iii)The effects of regional knowledge production were stronger for new venture in knowledge-intensive industries than in non-knowledge-intensive industries.


Tile-based 360-degree video (360 video) streaming, employed with adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithms, is a promising approach to offer high video quality of experience (QoE) within limited network bandwidth. Existing ABR algorithms, however, fail to achieve optimal performance in real-world fluctuated network conditions as they heavily rely on unbiased bandwidth predictions. Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has shown promising potential in generating better ABR algorithms in 2D video streaming. However, unlike existed work in 2D video streaming, directly applying RL in the tile-based 360 video streaming is infeasible due to the resulting exponential decision space. To overcome these limitations, we propose in this paper 360SRL, an improved ABR algorithm employing Sequential RL (360SRL). Firstly, we reduce the decision space of 360SRL from exponential to linear by introducing a sequential ABR decision structure, thus making it feasible to be employed with RL. Secondly, instead of relying on accurate bandwidth predictions, 360SRL learns to make ABR decisions solely through observations of the resulting QoE performance of past decisions. Finally, we compare 360SRL to state-of-the-art ABR algorithms using trace-driven experiments. The experiment results demonstrate that 360SRL outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms with around 12% improvement in average QoE.


The contamination with different compounds of nitrogen, such as nitrate and ammonium, constitutes one of the most common problems of diffused groundwater contamination, especially from the point of view of the quality of the water bodies of Catalonia. The most important natural nitrate attenuation process is denitrification, i.e. the reduction of nitrate to dinitrogen gas by anaerobic facultative bacteria (that utilize nitrate as the electron acceptor). Nevertheless, this process is limited by the availability of electron donors in the aquifers. To overcome this natural limitation, different external electron donors can be added to promote denitrification. Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) filled with organic or inorganic substrates can be used as induced remedial treatments to decrease nitrate contents in aquifers. In general, a PRB involves the placement of a reactive media perpendicular to the potential trajectory of the contaminated groundwater. The general aim of this doctoral thesis is to improve the knowledge on induced nitrate attenuation processes using isotopic tools in laboratory and field scale studies. At laboratory scale, the feasibility to enhance denitrification of two low-cost organic substrates and one inorganic substrate is studied. At field scale, multi-isotopic tools are used to assess the effect on nitrate fate of two different PRBs, which were initially installed to treat other contaminants. The first one uses an organic substrate (vegetal compost) as reactive material and consists in a permeable reactive layer (PRL) located in the bottom of an infiltration pond installed in the managed aquifer recharge (MAR) system of Sant Vicenc dels Horts (Barcelona, Catalonia). It was implemented to increase groundwater resources and to improve water quality. The second PRB uses ZVI as reactive material and is located in the flow path of a contaminated plume in Granollers (Barcelona, Catalonia). It was initially installed to remove chlorinated solvents from groundwater. In the first part of this thesis, the feasibility to enhance denitrification of two low-cost, easily available and easily handled organic substrates (commercial compost and crushed palm tree leaves) is examined. Chemical and multi-isotopic results demonstrate that both substrates are able to induce denitrification. The estimated isotope fractionation values can be used to assess the efficacy of nitrate remediation in future field MAR-PRL applications with these low-cost substrates. The second part of this thesis is focused on assessing the long-term effectiveness promoting denitrification of the PRL of vegetal compost of the Sant Vicenc dels Horts site. Laboratory experiments and field campaigns confirm the long-term capacity of the PRL to enhance denitrification. The extent of denitrification enhanced by the reactive layer is estimated using the isotope fractionation values obtained in laboratory experiments with the material extracted from the PRL. It is demonstrated that the time of operation of the MAR system is the key to promote high percentage of denitrification, and thus continuous periods of recharge are recommended. The third part of this thesis is focused on investigating the potential of isotope analyses to assess the effect on nitrate fate of the ZVI-PRB of the Granollers site. Combining chemical and isotope data, as well as isotope monitoring of laboratory experiments with ZVI, it is demonstrated that the ZVI-PRB installed in the study area locally induces nitrate attenuation, though its effect is limited (less than 15-20% of nitrate removal). Overall, this thesis demonstrates the potential of isotope tools to assess the efficacy of PRBs filled with low-cost organic substrates or ZVI to remove nitrate from groundwater. This information might be crucial for mitigating existing pollution in water resources and improving remediation actions.


The traditional relational database to online storage are becoming increasingly problematic: the low performance do not gracefully meet the needs of mass data, the storage approaches of massive data are still not perfect presents. NoSQL and distributed memory database technologies have the potential to simplify or eliminate many of these challenges. NoSQL database technologies can provide Key-value style of data storage and largely ensure high performance. Distributed memory database technologies provide a means for easily store mass data in cloud in a dynamic and scalable manner. This paper argues for a new architecture called CDSA, which is a distributed memory NoSQL database architecture for Cloud computing to improve the performance of querying data and ensure mass data storage in cloud by using rational strategy. Furthermore, add or deleted any node from the distributed database cluster, the others node can work without stop service. We believe that CDSA can provide durable storage with high throughput and lower access latency.


A random graph model is introduced, which is supposed to capture the assortativity effect in various real-world networks. An effect that appears when different types of vertices have non-uniform tendencies to connect to each other. Therefore, given the nodeand edge-type distributions P,Q a discrete matching method is developed, so that the empirical distributions asymptotically passes to their given limits P,Q. Applications of martingale convergence methods are exploited to prove the large n limits of the discrete Markov setup. Finally, the relation between inhomogeneous random graph model as another recently studied topic and our model is investigated.


it hardly needs stating that the last two years have been challenging ones for european economies. The speciality and fine chemical industry have been unable to escape its effects. according to cefic (european chemical industry council), the volume of production in the speciality chemical sector decreased by 3.8 percent in 2008 and is expected to drop by another 9.3 percent in 2009. The first half of 2009 appears to have been worse than the latter part of the year (Figure1) cefic optimistically predicts that production will grow by 5.5 percent in 2010 (2). The outlook presented at press releases and statements made by fine chemical company representatives at major exhibitions in 2009 can be summarised as follows: – Pharmaceutical fine chemical (PFc) demand was adversely affected by the collapse of funding for the emerging pharmaceutical sector (especially in the Usa). sales of PFcs for use in early stage clinical development were especially poor. Generally, european sales have fallen overall in this sector by 10-15 percent. – sales to the agrochemical industry have stood up better, with flat-to-slightly reduced sales being typical. The atypical sales growth at the farmer level in 2008 (up 16.5 percent from 2007 levels) will have dropped back to more normal levels by the end of this year (with sales growing by 2-3 percent). so the outlook for demand for agrochemical actives and intermediates will continue to be modest as the customers further reduce stock. The impact on suppliers has been a bonanza in 2008, when prices were high, but lower demand and greatly reduced prices (and margins) in 2009 and, probably, in 2010. With their mixed portfolios, the larger european producers of fine chemicals have generally reported overall sales decreases of 10-15 percent in h109, although many are more optimistic about h209. examples include Dsm (Q109 sales dip of 16 percent), lonza (sales 9 percent lower sept08-sept09) and saltigo reporting high single figure increased for its agrochemical divis ion, but modest reductions for the pharmaceutical chemicals' sales. modest growth is predicted in 2010. special factors have insulated some companies, which have announced sales increases in 2009. Johnson matthey benefited from the launch of generic aderall XR; specialist aPi producer, hovione announced 21 percent sales growth in 2008 and is forecasting 12-16 percent increase in 2009. confirming a more depressed general picture, the Vci (German/swiss industry association) predicted an overall 12 percent sales decline for its members in 2009. For the unlucky few, 2009 proved to be a punishing year. The final vestiges of europe's dyestuff industry, Dystar, went into receivership. isochem has been put up for sale, Pcas drastically reduced its payroll, following a sharp drop in nonPFc sales, and chemtura continues to look for buyers. For an industry that characterises itself by its innovation and dynamism, this sorry state of affairs is set to round off ten years of lack-lustre performance. With many of the venerable names having gone to the wall or been swallowed up by value-destroying acquisitions, europe's fine chemical industry needs to reinvent itself. That or slip quietly into obscurity and eventual oblivion. so how did this all come about?


Characterizing the influencing factors of resuspended dust on paved roads according to the atmospheric environment and traffic conditions is important to provide a basis for road atmospheric pollution control measures suitable for various road environments in the future. This study attempts to identify factors in the concentration of resuspended dust according to the level of road dust loading and PM10 emission characteristics according to atmospheric weather environment and traffic conditions using real-time vehicle-based resuspended PM10 concentration measuring equipment. This study mainly focuses on the following main topics: (1) the increased level of resuspended dust according to vehicle speed and silt loading (sL) level; (2) difference between atmospheric pollution at adjacent monitoring station concentration and background concentration levels on roads due to atmospheric weather changes; (3) the correlation between traffic and weather factors with resuspended dust levels; (4) the evaluation of resuspended dust levels by road section. Based on the results, the necessity of research to more appropriately set the focus of analysis in order to characterize the resuspended dust according to changes in the traffic and weather environment in urban areas is presented.


Objectives. To study the indicators of general and special professional competence of future stomatologists the third-, fourthand fifth-year students of the Educational Establishment «Vitebsk State Medical University». Material and methods. The survey of dental students of VSMU was conducted. We used the survey results of 33 third-year students, 44 fourth-year students and 53 students of the 5 th year. Students were asked to make a selfappraisal of the quality of their knowledge of various subjects of social sciences and the humanities, medical and biological sciences, general professional clinical disciplines. Results. The majority of the surveyed students pointed out a sufficient level of competence in the field of general and general medical sciences. The third-year students gave their knowledge on general disciplines the highest appraisal, and the fourthand fifth-year students that on general medical subjects. The obtained results enable the improvement in the process of professional competence formation of stomatologists. The questionnairing of dental students in the process of training helps to determine the subjective attitude of the future doctors to the organization of the educational process in higher educational establishments, to correct drawbacks and to aid the students to acquire necessary competence. Conclusions. Thus a survey of dental students should be made regularly to explore self-appraisal of future stomatologists competence, this will enable timely reveal of the shortcomings of the educational process and improvement of the quality of education.


Drawing on data from the 2018 China Internet Survey, this article analyzes the channels through which Chinese citizens acquire political information and how such information changes people's political attitude and behavior. It finds that while many people particularly among the younger generations are using social media, an equally large number of people continue to rely on the officially controlled TV news for political and social information. As hoped by those who want to bring down the authoritarian regime through social media, the Internet contributes to questioning the government and developing liberal ideas among its users but fails to promote bottom‐up political participation. Interestingly, government‐controlled TV programming meets its goals of improving regime support as well as mobilizing mass political participation. The authoritarian government also seems effective in pushing social media into its orbit of political control. These findings suggest that techno‐Utopianism exaggerated the role of technology in liberal democratization.


In this article, we intend to take a few steps to mending the disconnect between the academic study of policy processes and the many practices of professional and not-so-professional policy work. We argue, first, that the "toolkit" of academically warranted approaches to the policy process used in the representative mode may be ordered in a family tree with three major branches: policy as reasoned authoritative choice, policy as association in policy networks, and policy as problematization and joint meaning making. But, and this is our second argument, such approaches are not just representations to reflect and understand "reality". They are also mental maps and discursive vehicles for shaping and sometimes changing policy practices. In other words, they also serve performative functions. The purpose of this article is to contribute to policy theorists' and policy workers' awareness of these often tacit and "underground" selective affinities between the representative and performative roles of policy process theorizing.


Platelet rich plasma is the highly concentrated form of autologous human platelets in a small amount of plasma which contains important growth factors and plasma proteins that plays a significant role in wound healing process by epithelial differentiation and collagen bundle organization. In this article, we aim to provide an update on the current literature regarding the eye platelet rich plasma, its methods of preparation, physiological and biochemical properties, its clinical applications, safety and efficacy as compared to other blood derived products etc. In ophthalmology, this product is being used in the management of symptomatic dry eyes, corneal ulcers, periocular chemical and thermal burns, Idiopathic macular hole, Skin rejuvenation post Blepharoplasties and more recently actinic elastosis in the lower eyelid regions. The role of eye platelet rich plasma in ocular surface disorders has been sparsely studied in literature with more studies and reports on the application of autologous and allogeneic serum eye drops and therefore, it becomes very important to update ourselves with more studies in this topic to prove the efficiency of this blood derived product. Moreover, the role of other platelet derived products like platelet rich growth factors, platelet lysate in ocular surface disorders have also been discussed. © This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.


Roselle plant (Hibiscus sabdariffa) of Malvaceae family finds its mention in folk medicine of North East India for its use in various ailments. In the present study, the proximate value and nutritional quality, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial properties, anti-proliferative activity and apoptosis-inducing capacity of roselle found in North East India was evaluated. Nutritional evaluation of the calyx establishes it as a good source of dietary antioxidants and ascorbic acid. Antimicrobial activity of the aqueous extract upto 25mg/ml concentration showed complete growth inhibition of both gram positive (Staph. aureus) and gram negative (E. coli, K. pneumoniae) bacteria while antioxidant activity with 100 mg/ml concentration was high (90% scavenging activity) that gradually decreases with dilution in concentration. The antiproliferative and apoptotic activities were evaluated in cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines. It exhibited anti-proliferative activity in a concentration-dependent manner; the concentration @100mg/ml can induce upto 51.8% apoptosis. The studies indicated its potential benefits for health which can further be tested and validated for use as supplement in the food.


The study of historical poems of the Tang Dynasty is the genre analysis in the poems of the Tang Dynasty, which has gradually become a hot spot in the present new period. In this paper, a synthetic summary of the research findings is made in four aspects: a. the study of key poets' writing; b. staged study; c. the sorting of specific genre; 4. the overall study. Significant works are commented and all kinds of problems are summed up.


A detailed x‐ray double‐crystal‐diffractometry investigation of GaAs on Si tilted towards [110] direction has been carried out to understand the structure, misorientation, and residual stress present in this system. The structure of the GaAs epilayer is approximately triclinic, with the in‐plane lattice parameters a and b being in most cases slightly larger than, and that along the growth direction c less than, the bulk GaAs. For vicinal angles between 0° and 5°, a tilt angle of up to 0.12° between GaAs and Si lattice is observed, inclined mostly in the same direction as the vicinal angle, but also having a small component in a perpendicular direction. A residual tensile stress of the order of 109 dyn/cm2 exists in the epilayer, which can be accounted for by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of GaAs and Si. The strain due to the lattice parameter mismatch between the two materials is found to be negligibly small.


It is known that the spectral analysis of heart rate variability requires an ECG sampling frequency Fs>1 00 Hz with parabolic interpolation to refine the R peak if Fs<250Hz. By contrast, the effects of quantization errors in Multiscale Entropy (MSE) analysis due to low Fs have never been evaluated systematically. Our aim is thus to describe the effects of low Fs and parabolic interpolation on MSE. We considered 21 ECG recordings of 10' duration sampled at 500Hz (reference). We decimated the ECG to simulate Fs between 250 and 50Hz, we extracted the tachograms without and with parabolic interpolation and estimated MSE at scales between 1 beat (=SampEn) and 50 beats. The estimates were expressed as the percentage of the reference and the error was quantified by the interquartile range (IQR) of their distribution. SampEn showed high sensitivity to Fs with IQR > 1 0% at 250Hz and >16% at 167Hz; however, the parabolic interpolation dramatically decreased the IQR below 2% up to Fs=71Hz. The MSE estimates at larger scales were less sensitive to Fs with IQR≤2% even at Fs=50Hz. Thus the ECG sampling rate is more critical for SampEn than for MSE at larger scales and interpolation procedures are required when Fs<250Hz.


Young plants of citrus variety Tachima-wase were irradiated by x rays at 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, 4000, and 5000 R. Dormant buds of trees irradiated at more exposures than 1000 R come out considerably later than control, and the reduction in shoot growth was more severe with increased exposure. Typical abnormalities in leaves of irradiated trees were observed in early sprouts. Percentage of deformed leaves increased with increasing exposure. X-rays induced a vigorous mutant. Five years after irradiation, the mutant bore 10 flowers and showed parthenocarpy. The fruit of the mutant tends to be rich in free acids. The experimental results suggest that the mutation induction by x rays has a considerably high possibility in citrus. (auth)


Epitaxial growth of NiSi2 on (111)Si inside 0.1–0.6 μm oxide openings prepared by electron beam lithography has been studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and thin‐film stress measurement. Striking effects of size and shape of deep submicron oxide openings on the growth of NiSi2 epitaxy were observed. Epitaxial growth of NiSi2 of single orientation on (111)Si was found to occur at a temperature as low as 400 °C inside contact holes of 0.2 μm or smaller in size. Contact holes were found to be more effective in inducing the epitaxial growth of NiSi2 of single orientation than that of linear openings of the same size. The effects of size and shape of lateral confinement on the epitaxial growth of NiSi2 on (111)Si are correlated with the stress level inside oxide openings.


The purpose of this thesis was to do a gender-based policy analysis of the gender integration program of the Canadian Forces, looking specifically at women in the combat arms (Infantry, Armoured, Artillery and Combat Engineers). In researching this thesis, I studied primary policy documents extensively, as well as engaging in both participant and unobtrusive observation at Area Training Centre Meaford and Combat Training Centre Gagetown. The research revealed that, despite recent efforts to achieve gender neutrality by the leadership of the Anny and the Canadian Forces, what it takes to be perceived as a good soldier remains inextricably linked, with what it takes to be perceived as a good man. In other words, life in the combat am1S remains predicated on the male nonn. It is my argument that it is exactly this attempt at gender neutrality that inhibits women's integration into the combat anns, by masking the continuance of male privilege through the perception of difference as equivalent with inferiority. This translates not only into unofficial attitudes of soldiers, but also into training standards, equipment and a social infastructure that assumes that men are the norm. I, therefore, argue that only when women are recognized as different, without assuming physical or social inferiority, will the CF be able to successfully integrate women as equals into the combat arms.


Thank you for reading quatuor pour la fin du temps quartet for the end of time. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their chosen books like this quatuor pour la fin du temps quartet for the end of time, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious bugs inside their desktop computer.


The utility model provides an improved time synchronization tester which comprises a signal preposition processing unit, an input buffering unit, a main control unit, a measuring unit, a reference signal processing unit, an output unit and a man-machine interface unit. The output end of the signal preposition processing unit is respectively connected to the input ends of the main control unit, the measuring unit and the reference signal processing unit. The output end of the input buffering unit is respectively connected to the input end of the measuring unit and the reference signal processing unit. The main control unit, the measuring unit and the reference signal processing unit are respectively connected onto a bus, and carry out output by the output unit. A man-machine interface and the main control unit are connected in an interactive manner. By adopting the integrated measuring technology and the portable structure, the improved time synchronization tester can integrate the functions of standardizing time frequency, measuring, calculating and comparing time signals, displaying, storing and outputting testing results and the like, thereby providing a convenient, quick, precise and comprehensive testing method with high efficiency for site test and check of time synchronization equipment of a power system.


The article provides an single chip system,which can detect and process the pressure signal caused by underwater explosion shock wave. The hardware as well as the soft framework of the system is illustrated. In the system, the validity of attack made to the submarine simulator can be judged by detecting and measuring the pressure caused by underwater explosion shock wave, and indicat-ed by releasing colored smoke. Experiments suggested that the system is effective as a part of anti-submarine training system.


The article traces the emergence and development of conservative discourse in Russian politics from its initial articulation in the late 1990s to its present hegemony in Russian political space. Approaching conservatism in Foucauldian terms as a discursive 'system of dispersion', Russian conservative discourse is analysed not as a coherent ideological doctrine but as a space of discursive self-definition of its practitioners. From this perspective, a dualism is articulated between 'liberal' and 'left' conservative strands in contemporary Russian discourse. While liberal conservatism accords with the main tendencies of the Putin presidency in seeking to reinscribe the gains of the anticommunist revolution of the early 1990s as a secure foundation of the new political order, 'left conservatism' is characterised by an irreconcilable opposition to the order that descends from that revolution and a consequent attempt to 'repoliticise' the foundations of the existing regime. The article concludes with an interpretation of the problematic relation that both strands of the conservative discourse establish with the 'moment of the political' that characterised Russian politics in the 1990s.


Field investigations revealed that there are merely about 359 Lumnitzera littorea(Jack.) Voigt mangrove trees in China,extremely endangered,locating at Tielu Bay(9 trees),Dadun village of Lingshui county(about 340 trees) and Dongzhai Bay(10 trees,transplanted) in Hainan province.Only the trees in Lingshui have self-reproduction ability to a certain extent.Bi-florescence and mixed growth with L.racemosa was firstly observed for L.littorea.The main causes of threatening the survivorship of L.littorea population are low germination rate of seed and severe human interferences.In addition,some suggestions were brought forward to rescue and breed China L.littorea species.


Different classification methods (Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis, Extended Canonical Variates Analysis and Linear Discriminant Analysis), in combination with variable selection approaches (Forward Selection and Genetic Algorithms), were compared, evaluating their capabilities in the geographical discrimination of wine samples. Sixty‐two samples were analysed by means of dynamic headspace gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS‐GC‐MS) and the entire chromatographic profile was considered to build the dataset. Since variable selection techniques pose a risk of overfitting when a large number of variables is used, a method for coupling data dimension reduction and variable selection was proposed. This approach compresses windows of the original data by retaining only significant components of local Principal Component Analysis models. The subsequent variable selection is then performed on these locally derived score variables. The results confirmed that the classification models achieved on the reduced data were better than those obtained on the entire chromatographic profile, with the exception of Extended Canonical Variates Analysis, which gave acceptable models in both cases. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Fidgeting is a common behavior that one tends to engage in during periods of inattention or mind wandering. Although attempts were undertaken to enhance fidget devices with advanced technology, such as sensors and displays, no works exist that explored fidgeting with actuated devices. To fill this gap, we introduce the concept of programmable actuated fidgeting and the design space for SwarmFidget. Programmable actuated fidgeting is a type of fidgeting that involves devices integrated with actuators, sensors, and computing to enable a dynamic and customizable interactive fidgeting experience. SwarmFidget is an instance of a platform where tabletop swarm robots are used to facilitate programmable actuated fidgeting. To engage with actuated fidgets, users can input commands through various modalities such as touch or gesture, and the actuators in the fidgeting device will respond in a programmable manner to provide haptic, visual, or audio feedback.


Objective: To investigate the relationship between hepatogenic ulcer and both helicobacter pylori infection and portal hypertensive gastropathy. Methods: 103 patients with chronic hepatitis B (cirrhosis group) and 256 liver cirrhosis (chronic hepatitis group) were studied in the past five years. Results: The incidence of liver cirrhosis ulcer was 32.42% (83/256) higher than chronic hepatitis group's 25.24% (26/103), but the difference was not statistically significant (P0.05). Hp infection rates for positive liver cirrhosis group was 42.58% (109/256), the hepatocirrhosis group tested positive for Hp infection rate of 35.92% (37/103), the difference in the two groups was statistically significant (P0.05). Among the cirrhosis group, liver source ulcer with Hp infection of 54 cases, Hp positive rate of 65.06%, without hepatic source ulcer group Hp infection of 55 cases, Hp positive rate of 31.79%, the difference in a statistically significant (P0.01). Liver function Child-Pugh grade A, B and C level incidence HU were 28.33% (17/60), 28.83% (32/111), 40.00% (34/85), liver function grade C in the incidence of HU group than A grade group and grade B group high, compared to a statistically significant difference. Of 116 patients with portal hypertension stomach, HU incidence stomach was 46.55% (54/116), high pressure against a vein of 140 cases, HU incidence stomach was 20.71% (29/140), both comparative differences had statistically significant (P0.01). Severe portal hypertension incidence of stomach trouble HU was 60.42% (29/48), a mild stomach portal hypertension incidence of stomach trouble HU was 36.76% (25/68), the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion:The morbidity of hepatogenie ulcer in patients with liver cirrhosis is higher than that of the patients with chronic hepatitis B. The incidence rate increases as liver function becomes worse. There is significant relationship between the occurrence of HU and both Hp infectlon and PHG.


It is well known that Geography teaching has the responsibility of making possible the elaboration of the thinking and reasoning that are proper to them. Considering the transforming and critical power of the geographic analysis of reality, it is imperative that all students have the possibility to develop such cognition. In this process, the cartographic language, which is capable of representing phenomena and objects through the bias of spatiality, is indispensable. Because it is visually structured, in the teaching of students with visual impairment, the Tactile Cartography takes on the function of adapting the graphic signs and making cartographic and geographical knowledge affordable. From the already consolidated foundations of the Tactile Cartography it is aimed to analyze such language through the Semiotics of Charles S. Peirce, which is a theory that contemplates verbal and nonverbal sign systems derived from the cultural and natural contexts.Thus, it is questioned: which analyzes the Peircean Semiotics allows to elaborate in relation to the structure of the graphic signs of visual and tactile expression, as well as, to the semiose process of subjects with visual impairment? It is emphasized that the proposed reflections are pertinent, since the absence or restriction of the sense of vision does not preclude the development of thought and geographic reasoning.


The ESA Euclid mission is scheduled to launch on July 1st 2023. This White Paper discusses how Euclid observations of the Galactic Bulge Time Domain Survey (GBTDS) area could dramatically enhance the exoplanet science output of the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (Roman). An early Euclid pre-imaging survey of the Roman GBTDS fields, conducted soon after launch, can improve proper motion determinations for Roman exoplanet microlenses that can yield a factor of up to $\sim 5$ improvement in exoplanet mass measurements. An extended Euclid mission would also enable the possibility of sustained simultaneous observations of the GBTDS by Euclid and Roman that would achieve large gains in several areas of Roman exoplanet science, including science that is impossible to achieve with Roman alone. These include: a comprehensive demographic survey for free-floating planets that includes precision mass measurements to establish the true nature of individual candidates; detection, confirmation and mass measurements of exomoons; direct exoplanet mass measurements through parallax and finite source size effects for a large sample of bound exoplanets detected jointly by Euclid and Roman; enhanced false-positive discrimination for the large samples of transiting planets that Roman will detect. Our main recommendation to NASA and ESA is to initiate a Joint Study Group as early as possible that can examine how both missions could best conduct a coordinated campaign. We also encourage flexibility in the GBTDS scheduling.


This report is about Design of sensory system for obstacle avoidance for underwater application using a laser distance finder. Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) equipped with a variety of sensors and components depending upon the mission of the application of UUV or application of the vehicle. One of the biggest challenges in developing the UUV with complicated systems is the cost. UUV must be able to interpret its environment by gathering information from its sensors with higher accuracy. This is due to unpredicted condition in a deep sea where serious collision might occur if this kind of sensory system is not implemented to the UUV. The purpose of this Final year Project is to develop a sensory system that able obstacles avoidance for underwater application using laser distance finder as a tool to measure and detect obstacles at a required range. Next, to investigate the performance of laser distance finders in terms of range (distance between obstacles), accuracy and material detected. Lastly the objective is also to analyze the performance of underwater sensors on obstacle detection and distance measurement in underwater. The components used which is inexpensive Arduino Nano as microcontrollers, 5 mm blue LED and sensor using laser distance finder result in an autonomous vehicle that will able to avoid any obstacles while moving to a location. The laser distance finder is characterized by a wide-angle spatial transmission pattern, high range resolution, short minimum detection range and fast response time. The result will be that laser distance finder will be able to detect obstacles and also cause the UUV to avoid the obstacles in depth control.


We study the AdS/CFT correspondence as a probe of inflation. We assume the existence of a string landscape containing at least one stable AdS vacuum and a (nearby) metastable de Sitter state. Standard arguments imply that the bulk physics in the vicinity of the AdS minimum is described by a boundary CFT. We argue that large enough bubbles of the dS phase, including those able to inflate, are described by mixed states in the CFT. Inflating degrees of freedom are traced over and do not appear explicitly in the boundary description. They nevertheless leave a distinct imprint on the mixed state. In the supergravity approximation, analytic continuation connects AdS/CFT correlators to dS/CFT correlators. This provides a framework for extracting further information as well. Our work also shows that no scattering process can create an inflating region, even by quantum tunneling, since a pure state can never evolve into a mixed state under unitary


GaN is considered as a promising material for high power,high temperature and high frequency microwave applications,due to the wide band gap,high thermal stability and high breakdown voltage.Due to lack of suited homosubstrates,GaN is currently grown on heterosubstrates where SiC is the most popular choice for commercial applications.However,it is difficult to obtain high quality GaN because of the 33.1% mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients and the large lattice mismatch(3.5%) between GaN and SiC.In this paper,GaN epitaxial layers were grown on 6H-SiC substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition.Samples employing high temperature AlN as buffer layers produce high quality GaN epitaxial layers. Five samples with different AlN buffer layers were prepared.The effects of the growth parameters of AlN buffer layers on characterizations of GaN were studied.The highest quality GaN layer grown on SiC substrate with AlN buffer was obtained by optimizing the growth parameters of the AlN buffer.The full width at half maximum of High-resolution X-ray diffraction on-axis(0002) and off-axis(1012) diffraction are 130 arcsec and 252 arcsec,respectively.The values are the best result of GaN grown on homemade 6H-SiC.The quality of GaN layers will be deteriorated by increasing the thickness or the growth Ⅴ/Ⅲ ratio of AlN buffer layers,while the low growth temperature of AlN buffers also deteriorate the quality of GaN layers.The strain in GaN also has been studied.It is found that the GaN layer with narrow XRC FWHM has less stress intensity.


The article describes typical apartment buildings built in Swedish residential areas in the '50s, '60s and 70's. Each of these buildings included calculations on the effects and investment cost of ...


In the present invention, provided are a manufacturing method of mineral based somatid qulby fusion master batch chips and a multifunctional fiber manufacturing method using the same which comprises (a) a mineral based somatid qulby fusion master batch chip extracting step of extracting mineral based somatid qulby from minerals obtained from natural minerals; and (b) a qulby natural gel manufacturing step of manufacturing a natural gel type with use of the extracted pure mineral based somatid qulby.


This paper aimed to review and compare the conventional and advanced numerical techniques used for stability analysis of rock slopes. Two important methods of probabilistic limit equilibrium analysis and distinct element method are used to check the stability of northern abutment rock slope of Gotvand dam (iran) and the advantages and disadvantages of each method is discussed. The results of the performed analyses shown that the distinct element method can show the instabilities that could not be shown by the limit equilibrium methods.


A unique collaboration over the past seven to eight years between colleagues at several universities as well as National Weather Service offices covering the southern Appalachian region has led to improved understanding of northwest flow snowfall (NWFS) events in this region, including improved forecast techniques. The impacts of these events can be significant to the region since they account for a significant percentage of total annual snowfall in many locations, and because these events are often accompanied by strong winds with blowing and drifting of the snow. This paper will provide a brief overview of recent collaborative research efforts on NWFS in this region, including climatology, synoptic patterns, importance of upstream trajectories and moisture/heat fluxes, mesoscale modeling, and evolutions in horizontal and vertical characteristics during these events. This summary of what is known about typical NWFS events from these collaborative efforts will provide context for the next three parts of this four-part series, which all focus on unique NWFS aspects of Sandy in late October 2012.


The present invention relates to a method of injection, and predicting a side effect of including the step of measuring the concentration of a specific metabolite contained in the body of urine, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents (NSAID) in a living body. If you use a method to predict the side effects of NSAID of the present invention, the development of new drugs, unlike the method using the expression level changes of conventional genes, there is no need to build a separate database can save time and costs, , the concentration of the measured metabolite is not even be dependent changes in the NSAID can be obtained for reliable data, it will be widely used in the development of more effective NSAID. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents, metabolites, allantoin (allantoin), taurine (taurine), acetate (acetate), benzoate (benzoate)


--Purpose: This study provides an overview of the importance of massive reform in the Curriculum of Islamic Education at the Faculty of Islam, University of Muhammadiyah Gresik. This reform is needed so that the Islamic education curriculum can answer the challenges and demands of the times that continue to change globally. Besides, this deafness also poured out the results of a solution to Islamic religious education in the face of the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0. Method: this type of research is a type of field research. To obtain the data of this study used the observation method, interviews, and documentation. The research was analyzed with descriptive qualitative. To analyze the factors that influence the internalization of Islamic values, reduction analysis, data presentation and verification are used. Findings: The era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 had a broad impact on all lines of life, including in the field of education, especially Islamic education. The era that gave birth to this disruption phenomenon demanded the world of Islamic religious education to participate in adjusting. Graduates of Islamic education are now faced with new challenges, demands, and needs that have never existed before. So it is necessary to update and innovate the system, governance, curriculum, human resource competencies, facilities and infrastructure, culture, work ethic, and others. Implications for Researh and practice: Islamic religious education will be increasingly left behind and outdated. Therefore, it is necessary to look for concrete steps for Islamic religious education in order to be able to remain competitive in this disruption era. Keywords--Islamic education, industrial revolution 4.0, disruption _________________________________________________________________________________________________


The pretreatment and preparation methods for carbon nanotube reinforced copper matrix composite is summarized,and the microstructure,mechanical properties,tribological properties,electrical properties and thermal properties of the composite is discussed.At last,it is pointed that the research direction for the carbon nanotube reinforced copper matrix composite in future.


In 1979 Cleveland County Archaeology Section completed fieldwork for a survey of Bronze Age burial mounds in the county. The survey isolated a number of themes for further investigation, including the examination of several of the few remaining barrows near the coast, all of which are threatened with destruction from continued ploughing. One of these mounds was a shallow earthwork surviving in a hedgebank at Street House Farm, Loftus. Excavation in the autumn of 1979 and in the summers of 1980 and 1981 revealed a multiphase neolithic cairn which incorporated a burnt timber façade and mortuary structure. The cairn had been badly damaged by ploughing, but the evidence for the construction and use of the monument survived to a considerable extent. The neolithic monument had been overlain by a Bronze Age round barrow, of which only a part had survived.


Despite the evolution of intensive care medicine, there are frequent physical and psychological sequelae associated with ICU stay that remain at hospital discharge.2,3 Physical therapy intervention in ICU improves quality of life, physical function,4 and muscle strength;5 and decreases days of mechanical ventilation, length of stay in ICU,5–7 and mortality (6) of patients in these units. Therapeutic interventions in ventilated and non-mechanically ventilated patients contributing to this effect are: mucus clearance techniques, increased inspiratory volumes, active-assisted or active exercise, sitting in bed, sitting over the edge of the bed, stepping in place, walking in the corridor, transferring from bed or chair, and standing in tilt–table.5–8 Some of these techniques used as early rehabilitation during ICU stay seem to improve walking ability without assistance at hospital discharge.9 The new evidence suggests beneficial effects of mobilization on outcomes such as the ICU and hospital length of stay that confirms an unquestionable role for physiotherapy in the ICU.7


Previous studies have been revealed LCORL gene influence on growth processes in man and in different animal species. It has determined the gene choice as candidate gene for studying its expression level in different breeds of chicken. This work task has been evaluation of LCORL gene transcription activity in chicken intestine depending on their genotype and breed variability. Analysis of this gene expression in chicken small intestine tissues has revealed the highest expression level in Pushkinskaya breed and the lowest level in Rod Ayland breed. The level of LCORL gene expression has been the largest in Pushkinskaya and Italian chicken breeds that are heterozygous in SNP (rs 15619223, A>С).


Wu Changshuo was so industrious in the skill that his poems, his calligraphies, his paintings and his seals were all the best in that time. He had made a great effect to the later generations. In recent decades, there are a lot of publishing materials about his achievement, including biographies, chronology, paintings and calligraphies, poems, seals, and translation works, which are collected from domestic and foreign scholars. Basing on those researching efforts, the author supports his own view so as to make the study of Wu Changshuo go further.


The objective of this research was to figure out the effect of consumers' perception (information quality, service quality, convenience, and price) on online purchase decisions for agricultural products during the Covid-19 pandemic in Gorontalo City. This research was conducted in Gorontalo City from December 2021 to February 2022 with a total sample of 96 respondents. The research method employed a quantitative method, while the data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis. The research finding denoted that service quality, convenience, and price partially had a positive and significant effect on the purchase decisions. In the meantime, the information quality partially had a negative and insignificant effect on the value of 2.70, and s significant value was lower than 0.05, indicating that the information quality, service quality, convenience, and the price had a significant effect on online purchase decision for agricultural products during the Covid-19 pandemic in Gorontalo City


3 people will be interviewed during this show: Edgar Mitchell, PhD of Noetic Science, Shannon Panzo, PhD of ZOX Pro Training and Michael Dukakis, Presidential Candidate.


This paper proposes a simple but robust self-tuning fuzzy logic controller for the speed regulation of a dual star induction machine based on indirect field oriented control. For feed the two star of this machine, two voltage source inverters based on sinus-triangular pulse-width modulation techniques are introduced. The simulation results show the robustness and good performance of the proposed controller.


We present a measurement of t ¯ t production in p ¯ p collisions at √ s = 1 . 8 TeV from 110 pb − 1 of data collected in the all-jets decay channel with the DØ detector at Fermilab. A neural network analysis yields a cross section of 7.1 ± 2.8 (stat.) ± 1.5 (syst.) pb, at a top quark mass ( m t ) of 172.1 GeV/ c 2 . Using previous DØ measurements from dilepton and single lepton channels, the combined DØ result for the t ¯ t production cross section is 5.9 ± 1.2 (stat.) ± 1.1 (syst.) pb for m t = 172.1 GeV/ c 2 .


A gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis method for detecting five kinds of high-toxic pesticides in Chinese tea was established. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was used as a sample preparation method. Purified samples were analyzed by GC-MS, detected in selected ion monitoring mode, and quantitated using the external standard method. The results showed a good linearity within the range from 0.005 mg/L to 0.500 mg/L. The average recovery rates of three spiked levels were 93.86% to 106.31%. All relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 10%. The detection limit was 0.0005 to 0.0020 mg/kg. This method is stable and reliable, simple to operate, and suitable for detection and analysis of trace organophosphorus pesticides in Chinese tea.


[PROBLEMS] the configuration is simple, compact becomes possible to greatly relieve the operating conditions can mitigate the configuration of each part strength conditions, and it is possible to reduce the power consumption during operation, it becomes even lower cost, pulverization of the material, agitation, to provide a centrifugal processing apparatus which can be reliably carried out with a stirring defoaming. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] material (M) is on in the storage container box 13 is freely rotating supported by a rotation axis (10) body (5) ball through by rotating while revolving the container box 13, the material (M) the power and the ball character centrifugal processing device (1,41) that gives the power of the containment vessel, rotation axis (10,49) to the revolving shaft center line (L1) so as to intersect with the ball body (5) of the ball body (5) characterized in that the support.


CAN a member of the field staff of a large public organization be held accountable to more than one superior? Or does the old axiom that no member of an organization should be responsible administratively to more than one supervisor still hold? When an organization chooses the areal, geographic, or hierarchal form of decentralization, conflicts inevitably arise between specialists who represent various specific parts of the program and generalists in the "line of command." The specialists do not control members of the field staff through functional organization and must seek other ways to make their influence felt. Several students of the problem have suggested "dual supervision"giving authority to both line generalists and staff specialists-as the solution. Their reasoning and recommendations will be discussed below. The purpose of this paper is to suggest that dual supervision is not the answer-that it leads to disintegration of the organization in which it is practiced. Recognition of the milieu theory of control, long observed by social scientists, is suggested as a helpful way of looking at the still effective goal of "unity of command." The first portion of this paper describes the case of the Cooperative Extension Service of Michigan State University, an organization that went through a period of fairly diffuse supervision and then returned to more traditional unitary line supervision. This description is followed with a discussion, from the literature, of the rationale behind dual supervision. The paper concludes with an analysis of the Michigan experience, in terms of interaction, authority, influence, and control; it then postulates the milieu theory of control. The Michigan Experience


The dynamic characteristics of concrete lining of a circular tunnel was studied combined with the Dahuofang water-conveyance project. The first ten frequencies and modes of vibration were presented. The influence of some factors on the vibration performance of the concrete lining were analyzed, i.e. buried depth, lining thickness, youngs modulus of rock, and water in the tunnel. The results show that the buried depth and the youngs modulus of rock have greater influence on the vibration performance of concrete lining than the lining thickness and the water in the tunnel. Some aseismic measures are given out for the similar engineering.


Impact Statement: Traumatic brain injury and hemorrhage are two of the leading causes of early death following trauma. Although beneficial in decreasing the risk of stroke as well as other thrombotic diseases, all anticoagulants are associated with increased risk of bleeding. Warfarin has been associated with increased adverse outcomes after traumatic injury. The outcomes with the new oral anticoagulation agents are not yet well characterized.


Implemented in TSMC's 7nm FinFET technology, the design of the Radeon RX 5700 series GPUs incorporate a 256b memory interface of GDDR6 memory operating at 14Gb/s for a total of 448GB/s bandwidth, a x16 PCIe® Gen4 link interface, and six 1.4 Display Ports. The chip has 10.3B transistors on a 251mm2 die in a 42.5×42.5mm BGA package, and operates up to 1.91GHz (Fig. 8.4.1). The Radeon RX 5700 series are the first chips to feature the new Radeon DNA (RDNA) architecture which delivers 1.25× performance per clock compared to previous 14nm processors. With 2nd-generation 7nm technology, advanced power management, and the next generation RDNA architecture, the Radeon RX 5700 series achieves up to 1.5× higher performance at the same package (die + memory) power consumption as the previous generation in the same physical configuration [2].


We use holographic methods to characterize the RG flow of quantum information in a Chern-Simons theory coupled to massive fermions. First, we use entanglement entropy and mutual information between strips to derive the dimension of the RG-driving operator and a monotonic c-function. We then display a scaling regime where, unlike in a CFT, the mutual information between strips changes non-monotonically with strip width, vanishing in both IR and UV but rising to a maximum at intermediate scales. The associated information transitions also contribute to non-monotonicity in the conditional mutual information which characterizes the independence of neighboring strips after conditioning on a third. Finally, we construct a measure of extensivity which tests to what extent information that region A shares with regions B and C is additive. In general, mutual information is super-extensive in holographic theories, and we might expect super-extensivity to be maximized in CFTs since they are scale-free. Surprisingly, our massive theory is more super-extensive than a CFT in a range of scales near the UV limit, although it is less super-extensive than a CFT at all lower scales. Our analysis requires the full ten-dimensional dual gravity background, and the extremal surfaces computing entanglement entropy explore all of these dimensions.


【Objective】Safety assessment of chlorpyrifos in cotton and soil was conducted to provide important scientific references for the rational use of pesticides in cotton. 【Method 】The quantitative analysis of chlorpyrifos was done by GC-FPD and the established pretreatment method of chlorpyrifos in cottonseed, leaf of cotton and soil. Dissipation dynamics and residues of chlorpyrifos in cottonseed, leaf of cotton and soil were studied through residue experiments in two years(2009,2010) in two places(Henan, Jiangsu). 【Result】The average fortified recoveries in cottonseed, leaf of cotton and soil were 73.50%-105.66%,with the relative standard deviation of 3.25%-9.89%. The limit of detection of the analytical method was 2.5×10-11g, and the lowest limit of quantification was 0.013, 0.012 and 0.005 mg/kg in cottonseed, leaf of cotton and soil, respectively. The dissipation half-lives of chlorpyrifos in cotton leaf and soil were 3.0-4.0 d and 6.2-8.9 d, respectively. The final residues of chlorpyrifos in cottonseeds were all ≤0.026 mg/kg in different sampling intervals and application frequencies. 【Conclusion】Chlorpyrifos is easily dissipated with low residues in cottonseed, so it can be safely used in cotton crops when the dosage is below 562.5 ga.i./ha, by spraying 3 times with the interval of 21 d.


Let V be an n-dimensional vector space over complex numbers C. Let W be the mth tensor product of V. If T C Homc(V, V), let ?m T EHomC(W, W) be the mth tensor product of T. The homomorphism T -4 (m T is a representa- tion of the full linear group GL (C). If H is a subgroup of the symmetric group SMI and X a linear character on H, let VX(G) be the subspace of W consisting of all tensors symmetric with respect to H and x. Then Vm(H) is invariant under gm T. Let K(T) be the restriction of (m T to Vxm(H). For n large compared with m and for H transitive, we determine all cases when the representation T - K(T) is irreducible.


The precise parallax, proper motion, and photometric measurements contained in Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) offer the opportunity to re-examine the membership and ages of Nearby Young Moving Groups (NYMGs), i.e., loose groups of stars of age $\lesssim100$ Myr in the solar vicinity. Here, we analyze the available DR2 data for members and candidate members of the $\epsilon$ Cha Association ($\epsilon$CA) which, at an estimated age of $\sim$3--5 Myr, has previously been identified as among the youngest NYMGs. The several dozen confirmed members of $\epsilon$CA include MP Mus and T Cha, two of the nearest stars of roughly solar mass that are known to host primordial protoplanetary disks, and the Herbig Ae/Be star HD 104237A. We have used Gaia DR2 data to ascertain the Galactic positions and kinematics and color-magnitude diagram positions of $\epsilon$CA members and candidates, so as to reassess their membership status and thereby refine estimates of the distance, age, multiplicity, and disk fraction of the group. Our analysis yields 36 \textit{bona fide} $\epsilon$CA members, as well as 20 provisional members, including 3 new members identified here as comoving companions to previously known $\epsilon$CA stars. We determine a mean distance to $\epsilon$CA of 101.0$\pm$4.6 pc and confirm that, at an age of $5^{+3}_{-2}$ Myr, $\epsilon$CA represents the youngest stellar group within $\sim$100 pc of Earth. We identify several new photometric binary candidates, bringing the overall multiplicity fraction (MF) of $\epsilon$CA to 40\%, intermediate between the MFs of young T associations and the field.


. In this article, we study a fractional differential equation. By constructing two special Banach spaces and establishing an appropriate compactness criterion, we present some existence results about the boundary-value problem at resonance via Mawhin's continuation theorem of coincidence degree theory.


Objective: To evaluate the cleaning practices and contamination status of contents and teats of feeding bottles used by children admitted in the hospitals of Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pediatrics, Benazir Bhutto Hospital (BBH), Rawalpindi from December 2015 to January 2016. Materials and Methods: Mothers and caregivers of the children being bottlefed and admitted in the indoor facility of department of Pediatrics, BBH, were consecutively sampled and interviewed. For the isolation of pathogens, the samples were taken from the teats of feeding bottles and evaluated in the microbiology laboratory of BBH. Results: Of 198 children (mean age: 8 ± 10 months), majority (61.1%) were males and admitted with respiratory problems. Mothers being the primary caretakers washed their hands before making food (93.4%), and used soap and water (90.9%) to wash the feeding bottles after every use. Boiled water was chiefly used (68.7%) for washing. The bottles were sterilized thorough boiling (100%) for < 10 minutes (76.5%) once every day (60.8%). The bottle leftover contents were discarded by the bulk (92.2%) of the caretakers after feeding. In the majority of cases, the bottle contents were found contaminated (52.1%) largely with Klebsiella (42.9%), followed by Acinobacter Baumini (26.3%), and Escherichia Coli (17.3%). Conclusion: Most caregivers of children in our study washed their hands before making food, cleaned feeding bottles with soap and water after every use while the left-over contents of the food were discarded rather than stored. Most of them prepared formula milk in boiled water and tried to sterilize the feeding bottles by boiling them in water. Most bottles were contaminated, primarily by Klebsiella, Acinobacter Baumini, and Eschericia Coli. Key words: Bottle feeding , Contamination, Infant formula milk.


This paper makes the deep analysis on the demand of power consumption management for service expansion of power enterprise and the reasonable division of the particle degree in the service processing,designs the service processing flow model and documents model,and realizes the fusion through technical means,sets up a base platform with flexible configuration,and based on this platform,conducts the rapid deployment of service application through detailed analysis on the demand for improving the service level and service quality of service expansion.


The goal of this study was to identify promising new biomarkers of cadmium by identifying differentially expressed proteins in Paronychiurus kimi after exposure to cadmium. Through proteomic analysis of P. kimi using 1‐D PAGE and nano‐LC‐MS/MS, 36 downregulated proteins and 40 upregulated proteins were found. Some of the downregulated and upregulated proteins were verified by LC‐MS/MS analysis after 2‐D PAGE. Downregulated proteins in response to cadmium exposure were involved in glycolysis and energy metabolism, chaperones, transcription, reproduction, and neuron growth. In contrast, proteins involved in glycolysis and energy production, neurogenesis, defense systems response to bacteria, and protein biosynthesis were upregulated in cadmium‐treated collembolans. Cubulin may be a potential biomarker for the detection of cadmium in P. kimi since this biomarker was able to low levels (3.5 mg/kg) of cadmium. The 14‐3‐3 ζ was also found to be a potential biomarker for the detection of medium levels (14 mg/kg) of cadmium. Collembolans may be an alternative tool to humans because many collembolans proteins show a high homology to human proteins.


This research sheds light on the relationship between the presence of location-based social network (LBSN) data and other economic and demographic variables in the city of Valencia (Spain). For that purpose, a comparison is made between location patterns of geolocated data from various social networks (i.e., Google Places, Foursquare, Twitter, Airbnb and Idealista) and statistical information such as land value, average gross income, and population distribution by age range. The main findings show that there is no direct relationship between land value or age of registered population and the amount of social network data generated in a given area. However, a noteworthy coincidence was observed between Google Places data-clustering patterns, which represent the offer of economic activities, and the spatial concentration of the other LBSNs analyzed, suggesting that data from these sources are mostly generated in areas with a high density of economic activities.


A variety of perfluoroacyl fluorides such as perfluoro-3-(1-piperidinyl)propionyl fluoride, perfluoro-2-methyl-3-morpholinopropionyl fluoride, perfluoro-3-di-n-propylaminopropionyl fluoride, and perfluoro-3-di-n-butylaminopropionyl fluoride were applied to the nanocomposite reactions with calcium carbonate nanoparticles under alkaline conditions to afford the corresponding perfluorocarboxamides/calcium carbonate/calcium fluoride nanocomposites. The modified glass surfaces treated with the fluorinated nanocomposites, which were prepared by using perfluoro-2-methyl-3-morpholinopropionyl fluoride and perfluoro-3-(1-piperidinyl)propionyl fluoride, afforded an oleophobic–superhydrophilic characteristic. The fluorinated nanocomposites, of whose each preparative feed ratio of perfluoro-3-di-n-propylaminopropionyl fluoride (or PF-DBAPF) and CaCO3 is 0.50 (g/g) (2.50 (mol/mol) ), can provide a superamphiphobic characteristic on the modified surfaces; however, the lower feed ratios: 0.25–0.17 (g/g) (1.25–0.83 (mol/mol)) of the acyl fluorides based on CaCO3 can afford a superoleophobic–superhydrophilic characteristic on the modified surfaces. The similar wettability was observed on the modified filter paper and polyethylene terephthalate fabric surfaces by using the fluorinated nanocomposites, which were prepared with perfluoro-3-di-n-butylaminopropionyl fluoride. Interestingly, these modified filter paper and polyethylene terephthalate fabric swatch were applied to the separation membranes for not only the mixture of oil and water but also the oil-in-water emulsion. The modified filter paper treated with the fluorinated nanocomposites possessing a superamphiphobic characteristic was also applied to the separation membrane for the mixture of fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon.