ABNORMALITIES IN THE REPRODUCTION OH CRASSOSTREA GIGAS IN EAY OF ARCACHON : COMPLEMENTARY OBSERVATIONS. The spat production in the Bay of Arcachon has been recently disturbed. Bioassays using algae used as food for oyster larvae have shown that the organotin paints affect or inhibit growth of Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros cakitrans. Fresh waters coming into the Bay and shore sediment did not affect the growth of these algae. Bioassays as proposed by WOELKE (1967) using embryos and larvae of Crassostrea gigas have shown that the quality of the sea water from Arcachon harbour has been improved a few months after the use of organotin paints has been prohibited. Likewise fresh waters are free from any micropollutants which could drastically disturb the reproduction of C. gigas in the Bay.


Chemical investigation of Trogopterus faeces has led to the isolation of seven flavonoids. Their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral analyses. In an anticoagulative assay, three kaempferol coumaroyl rhamnosides had significant antithrombin activity. This is the first report on the occurrence of flavonoid glycosides in Trogopterus faeces.


Objective: Vitamin E, copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are essential micronutrients and important antioxidants for health and performance. In addition, these substances may protect the cellular lipids and lipoproteins against oxidative damage caused by free radicals (FR). The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of Cu and Zn on vitamin E concentration in plasma and to determine the relationships between Cu, Zn and vitamin E in dogs. Materials and methods: This study was carried out on 12 dogs and the experimental animals were randomly divided into 3 equal groups formed of 4 animals. The first group (control, C) was used as control, and only placebo (physiological saline 0.9%) was intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected. The second group was i.p.-injected Cu (as isotonic CuCl 2 , 0.5 mg/kg). The third group was i.p.-injected Zn (as isotonic ZnCl 2 2.5 mg/kg). Injections of Cu and Zn were done once in 2 days during 2 weeks. Results and conclusions: While serum vitamin E concentration was statistically increased (p 0.05) by the Cu treatments. Based upon these results, Zn may affect plasma concentration of vitamin E in dogs.


Whether in East or in West, the Indian is the romantic role in the story of America. For early historians, the native could choose between the scoundrel or the accomplice in the spectacle of Westward Progress. But in Frederic Jackson Turner's "frontier thesis"of 1893, the Indian identity was improved and they were even said to have played a critical role in forging the nation's character. Such an idea of Turner still has a hold on the public imagination of today. From supermarket fiction to Hollywood westerns, Indian people seem tied to the West. This paper tries, from the images in literature, to make an exploration into the identity in American Indian fiction of the West in order to restore their true features.


Over a 6‐year period, oral psoralen photochemotherapy (oral PUVA) has been used to treat 53 children (mean age 11. 2 years) with severe atopic eczema unresponsive to other therapy. Twiceweekly treatment resulted in clearance or near‐clearance of disease in 39 (74%) after a mean of 9 weeks. Thirty‐two (82%) of these 39 children were subsequently able to achieve remission of disease following gradual withdrawal of treatment: the mean duration of treatment to remission was 37 weeks; the mean cumulative UVA dose was 1118 J/cm2 and the mean number of treatments was 59. Twenty‐two remain in remission a year after discontinuing treatment. Short‐ and medium‐term adverse effects, other than occasional intolerance of treatment, have not been prominent.


During the intensity test of flight-testing,the results of deformation measurement is the base to evaluating whether it is risky for aviation and impedimental for control or not.This pater present a real-time method of deformation measurement based on the interface technology of GeoCOM,according to the theory of total station position and the method of data combination by excessive stations.Practice had proved that the method not only ensured data accuracy,provided deformation results and improved the work efficently,but also had important guiding significance for the study of the measurement of plane based on TPS(Total Position Station) in the future.


We update the non-perturbative function of the Collins-Soper- Sterman resummation formalism in hadron collisions. Two functional forms in impact parameter space are considered, one with a pure Gaussian form with two parameters and the other with an additional linear term. The results for the two parameter fit are found to be g1=0.24+0.08-0.07 GeV^2, g2=0.34+0.07-0.08 GeV^2. The results for the three parameter fit are g1=0.15+004-0.03 GeV^2, g2=0.48+0.07-0.05 GeV^2, and g3=-0.58+0.26-0.20 GeV^-1. We discuss the potential for the full Tevatron Run I Z boson data for further testing of the universality of the non-perturbative function.


BACKGROUND
The existing masticatory performance (MP) tests cannot comprehensively evaluate objective masticatory function.

OBJECTIVES
We aimed to examine the construct validity and responsiveness and determine the clinically minimum important difference (MID) and related factors of a newly developed MP scale to integrate food biting, comminution, and mixing ability in patients with removable partial dentures (RPDs).

METHODS
MP tests using gummy jelly, peanuts, and colour-changeable gum were performed before and 3 months after RPD treatment in 248 partially dentate patients. A 10-point ordinal subscale was created for each MP test based on the distributions of MP values, and the three subscales were integrated into a single scale (iMP scale). We analysed the correlations between MP values and iMP scores and determined the effect size for RPD treatments and the MID on the basis of patient perception of chewing ability.

RESULTS
iMP scores exhibited moderate correlations with the three MP values (|ρ| =0.73-0.79, P<.001) and with the change scores (|ρ| =0.61-0.64, P<.001). The mean iMP score significantly increased after RPD treatment (P<0.001), and the effect size was 0.35. Of the 248 patients, 55 (22%) reported a slight improvement in chewing ability with a mean iMP score change of 2.1 points. Sex and the number of missing teeth were significantly associated with iMP scores (P<.05).

CONCLUSIONS
The iMP scale comprehensively evaluated objective masticatory function, including food biting, comminution, and mixing ability in RPD wearers, and an increase of two points on the iMP scale was considered to be the MID in RPD treatments.


The compressive failure of long carbon fiber composites is due to complex mechanisms. The knowledge of these mechanisms is important for the design of composite structures because the compressive strength and stiffness of laminates are assumed less than their tensile strength. Further, compressive failure is a mechanism of non-local ruin that depends on the composite structure (layer thickness, load gradient) which makes it a peculiarity. The mechanism has been described and modelled in the literature with suitable numerical tools and experiments that accounted for this effect. There are many articles in the literature regarding the modelling of composites compressive behavior, particularly the microbuckling phenomenon / local instability. But only a few researchers modelled the mechanism at the structural/mesoscopic scale. For example, Drapier et al., [D3] proposed a 2D homogenized model, which takes into account fiber initial alignment defects, matrix plasticity and structural parameters. The model is successful in predicting the elastic microbuckling modes and to predict the failure. But the model is built for 2D unidirectional laminates and assumes microbuckling is periodic in the fiber direction, just one gradient in the thickness direction is taken into account and the influence of the misalignment is not completely described [D4]. Therefore, to extend the developments of these works ([D1],[D3],[G1],[G4]), new non-local finite element models are developed: one with using ABAQUS® in-built structural elements, named Beam Non-Local (BNL) model and the other with User Element (UEL) subroutine of ABAQUS®, named Homogenized Non-Local Model (HOMNL), implemented in the user element (NL U32), which can be applied with the aim to predict the compressive strength of unidirectional plies/laminates and also for woven composites (2D and 3D). Both the non-linear geometrical and material effects are taken into account in this model. With the BNL model, it is possible to capture the mechanism in 2D and 3D space for laminates of unidirectional composites. Results of the bibliography have been confirmed and new results are presented, for example, the elastic mode in 3D or the mechanism under bending. The width and angle of the kink band are determined by this model. In the framework of more general, the validation of the NL U32 element has been performed with respect to ABAQUS® classical elements for both linear and non-linear (geometry and material) cases. The classical (elastic and plastic) and non-local material properties (elastic) are identified by comparison to the responses of a Representative Volume Element (RVE) of full heterogenous microstructures. Some results have been validated with the bibliography. The developed non-local user element (NL U32) is 2D in this thesis and it can be extended easily to a 3D case, which remains one of the future perspectives.In this work, ABAQUS® v2017, DAKOTA v6.10.0, PARAVIEW v5.8.0 are the softwares used and FORTRAN, Python are the programming languages used.


No person is the same, no city is the same. No education should be the same, as it must be adapted to the needs and characteristics of its students. The important thing is to recognize differences, to offer opportunities to all, to educate in respect and in dialogue. The future of humanity is a common task.


Iodine is one the components traditionally obtained from groundwater. Russia has great reserves of iodine-rich water, and iodine is in high demand. However, there is only one iodine-producing plant in Russia and its output is insufficient to meet the growing market demand. Russian organizations actively develop exploration projects for exploitation of iodine resources both in Russia and other CIS countries. Turkmenistan increases iodine output. It is planned that this country will take the third place in the world on iodine production by 2010. Belarus invests considerable sums of money in industrially valuable water utilization, particulary, in oilfield water processing, to launch iodine production.


Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) is able to suppress HIV-1 replication to undetectable levels. However, the persistence of latent viral reservoirs allows for a rebound of viral load upon cessation of therapy. Thus, therapeutic strategies to eradicate the viral latent reservoir are critically needed. Employing a targeted RNAi screen, we identified the ubiquitin ligase BIRC2 (cIAP1), a repressor of the noncanonical NF- κ B pathway, as a potent negative regulator of LTR-dependent HIV-1 transcription. Depletion of BIRC2 through treatment with small molecule antagonists known as Smac mimetics enhanced HIV-1 transcription, leading to a reversal of latency in a JLat latency model system. Critically, treatment of resting CD4+ T cells isolated from ART-suppressed patients with the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) panobinostat together with Smac mimetics resulted in synergistic activation of the latent reservoir. These data implicate Smac mimetics as useful agents for shock-and-kill strategies to eliminate the latent HIV reservoir. we B as as a therapeutic target for the reversal of latency. Small molecule antagonists of BIRC2, in combination with HDAC inhibitors, activated latent proviruses in both cell line-based models of latency and in primary CD4+ T cells isolated from ART-suppressed HIV-1-infected patients. The results of this study indicate that the pharmacological activation of the noncanonical NF- κ B pathway can be used as a component of a combinatorial regimen to reactivate latent HIV-1, while potentially limiting toxicity risks associated with systemic activation of NF- κ B signaling by PKC agonists.


A total of 84 breast cancer survivors completed a package of psychological inventories in 2009 (Time 1), 2012 (Time 2), and 2016 (Time 3). Latent class growth analysis revealed three posttraumatic growth trajectory patterns: distressed posttraumatic growth (n = 5, 6.7%), illusory posttraumatic growth (n = 42, 56.0%), and constructive posttraumatic growth (n = 28, 37.3%). Women with more frequent use of helplessness–hopelessness coping and lower depression levels at Time 1 were more likely to display an illusory than a constructive posttraumatic growth trajectory pattern. Illusory posttraumatic growth might represent a form of coping rather than authentic positive changes. Researchers and clinicians should understand different patterns of posttraumatic growth.


Aiming at the importance of the building project quality control,it describes measures of controlling coefficient of having influencing on project quality,discusses quality control in the building project construction process,and provides pre-control measures of the project quality,so as to enhance quality control work in the building project construction process.


The social network Instagram encourages interactions among users around audio-visual content (pictures and short duration videos). However, this type of content still presents itself as a barrier for the visually impaired. To mitigate this problem, screen readers can be used, but those only work for images which have texts in the form of subtitles. Audio description, on the other hand, is a technique that describes visual images into words, allowing the comprehension of these elements. This technique has been used in many fields, fostering a scenario of inclusion and opportunities for this public. The objective of this paper is to evaluate and compare these two forms of describing images published on Instagram: one utilizing the descriptive text read by the screen reader and another utilizing audio description recorded by the image's own author. Through an empirical study, we have identified the form of image description preferred by the visually impaired participants and if the use of audio description on Instagram would encourage its use by


I like to think that Kurt Lewin would be pleased that a sociologist is presenting this invited address in his honor because it is further recognition of his profound influence on the manner in which sociologists study individual social behavior. His influence on my own work goes back thirty years, to my doctoral dissertation, "The Acceptance of New Behavior in Child Rearing." In that study I experimented with methods of getting mothers to change the ways in which they fed their two-year-old children, and demonstrated that cultural norms and the pressures of husbands' wishes were the factors of first importance. But more than that: Kurt Lewin's daughter, Dr. Miriam Lewin, is here in the audience, and she was teacher and advisor to my wife, Kathleen V. Brim, from the time when, in mid-life, Kathleen started as a freshmen in college at Manhattanville until her recent graduation. Life is filled with twists and turns, as we now shall see. Paul B. Baltes (1979) has shown how in recent decades there has been an outpouring of developmental work dealing with the entire life span. In psychology this movement has come to be known as life-span development psychology. It is not a specific theory, but an orientation to the study of behavioral development. Development is conceived of as a life-long process. In principle, there is no one period of the life span that can claim general primacy for the origin and occurrence of developmental changes. Second, life-span researchers conceive of development as a system of diverse, that is, pluralistic changes. Life-span researchers assert that developmental change beyond childhood can take many varied


The presence of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, a chromatin-bound enzyme, in eukaryote nuclei is well documented (Chambon et al., 1966; Nishizuka et al., 1967: Reeder et al., 1967; Fujimura et al., 1967). Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase polymerizes NAD+, with the loss of the nicotinamide moiety to form a polymer. The product is covalently bound to a variety of nuclear proteins (Nishizuka et a[., 1969; Otake et al., 1969). In Physarum polycephalurn approximately 50 % of the protein-bound polymer is soluble in incubating buffer, which normally does not extract histone; 15 "/, is extracted with IM-CaCI,, which in this organism extracts histone (Shall et al., 1972). We have developed two methods for the rapid determination of average polymer chain-length in systems in vitro. Nuclei from P. polycephalum or mouse fibroblast (LS) cells were incubated with various concentrations of r3H]NAD+ (1 ~ M I mM) for between 2 and 60min to give poly(ADP-ribose). The average chain-length of the polymer was estimated and from these results the average rate of initiation and chain extension could be calculated. The nuclei, after incubation with [3H]NAD+, were precipitated and washed with a 66% ethanol-0.1 M-sodium acetate mixture (pH5.4) until free of ethanol-soluble radioactivity. The nuclear pellet was solubilized for 15 min in 0.05 M-NaOH, neutralized with 0.05 M-HCI, and digested with snake-venom phosphodiesterase. The digest was applied to a small column of Dowex 1 (formate form) and sequentially eluted with 20ml batches of 0 .03~, 0 . 3 ~ and 3.0~-formic acid to elute [3H]adenosine, [3H]AMP and 2'-(5"-[3H]phosphoribosyl)-5'-AMP respectively. The 0.03~-formic acid wash was a control for phosphatase activity that may have been present in the snake-venom phosphodiesterase preparation, because phosphatase activity would yield dephosphorylated AMP and phosphoribosyl-AMP and the products would appear in this fraction. Rarely did any radioactivity appear in this fraction. The batches were evaporated to dryness at 60°C, treated with Hyamine and counted in a liquid-scintillation counter. The [3H]AMP and 3H-labelled phosphoribosyl-AMP were also separated and estimated by using polyethyleneimine-cellulose thin-layer chromatography. A LiCIacetic acid solvent was used to separate [3H]AMP and 3H-labelled phosphoribosyl-AMP. Both methods were rapid and gave radioisotope recoveries of greater than 80%. The chain length was calculated from the total counts recovered from the column or thin layer (AMP+phosphoribosyl-AMP) divided by the AMP counts. The concentration of NAD+ had little effect on the chain-length. The total amount of polymer was proportional to the NAD+concentration between 1 WM and 0.1 mM. These results indicate that the initiationof new polymer was dependent onNAD+ concentration. The chain length in Physarum was independent of incubation time [n = 3 in (ADPribose).]. In mouse L cells the chain-length increased from I I = 2 at 2min to n = 4 at 60min. A relationship between nuclear NAD+ metabolism, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and DNA synthesis has been postulated. It would seem possible from the results presented that control might be exerted through the number of poly(ADP-ribose) chains rather than through their length. The number of chains might be related to the nuclear concentration of NAD+. The methods were also applied to the qualitative detection of phosphoribosyl-AMP derived from polymer synthesized in vivo. P. polycephaluwz was grown in submerged culture with 20mCi of [32P]Pi. Nuclei were isolated and labelled with [3H]NADf under standard conditions. All buffer-soluble radioactivity was removed from the nuclei, which were then washed with acidic ethanol to remove any further soluble radioactivity. The nuclear residue was then solubilized briefly with 0.01 M-NaOH, neutralized, incubated with Pronase and reprecipitated with acidic ethanol at low temperature. This treatment


Worldwide post abortion contraceptive prevalence varies within a range of from 69% in Eastern and Southern Europe to 78% in Northern Europe. In Asia, South America and Africa post-abortion family planning utilization variation is ranging from 61 to 97%. In Ethiopia 48– 59% of clients left their institution with post-abortion family planning services which showed wide variations in the percentage of women who received post-abortion contraception. Post-abortion family planning has been proposed as a key strategy to decrease unintended pregnancy and repeat induced abortions. Now it is important to investigate the level post abortion family planning and act on the factors accordingly. So this study aimed to assess post abortion family planning utilization and associated factors among women getting abortion services at Adama Hospital Medical College, 2021. Method: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from january-1 to february-28, 2021. A sample of 471 women were enrolled consecutively. Data was collected by semi-structured questionnaires which were administered via face to face interview. Data was entered using Epi-Info version 7 then exported to SPSS version 20 for processing and analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to explore the participant's characteristics. Binary & multiple logistic regression was used to assess the association between dependent & independent variables. The magnitude of association between dependent & independent variables were measured by odds ratios along with estimated 95% confidence interval. Finally the significance of association was declared by p-value of less than 0.05. Results: The magnitude of post abortion contraceptive was found to be 73.9% (95% CI: 70.1-77.9). The odds of using post abortion family planning for women having diploma level of education was 28.37 (AOR=28.37; 95% CI: 4.09-196.834) times higher than those having no formal educations. After surgical termination the odds of post abortion contraceptive use was 58.9% (AOR=0.411; 95% CI: 0.169-0.991) times lesser than for medical abortion. Conclusion & recommendations: The magnitude of post abortion family planning in this study seems lesser. Independent predictors like maternal education, procedure done, counseling, reason of termination and knowledge status were significantly associated with the outcome variable. So attention should be given for counseling & level of education for consistent & efficient use.


We have developed high density overwriting of a magneto-optical disk. A sharp pit-edge recording is achieved by a newly developed magnetic head and pulsed laser irradiation.


Over the last 20 years, electronic design has grown to annual revenues of $3B per year and dominates the Technical and Systems Sector of the Software Industry. Cadence and Synopsys are among the top 20 independent software vendors when ranked by market capitalization. In short, the EDA industry has come of age, but the future of the industry is far from certain.


In this thesis,for some of the 4×4 partitioned matrices,we respectively discuss invertible conditions and give the formulas of the inverse of matrices when they are invertible.


In order to solve the problem of underwater system multiple hydrophone units to obtain the target real-time distance and position in ocean engineering, this paper proposes a multiple redundant position algorithm based on time-delay estimation. First the article introduces the mathematical model of real-time underwater acoustic signal processing and positioning, then the overall design of the system is carried out, followed by the subsystem design, and developed the prototype system. Finally the system is validated by sea test. The results show that the system has the advantages of fewer wild spots, high positioning accuracy. And the system is easy, reliable and highly integrated.


Morphological classification is a key piece of information to define samples of galaxies aiming to study the large-scale structure of the universe. In essence, the challenge is to build up a robust methodology to perform a reliable morphological estimate from galaxy images. Here, we investigate how to substantially improve the galaxy classification within large datasets by mimicking human classification. We combine accurate visual classifications from the Galaxy Zoo project with machine and deep learning methodologies. We propose two distinct approaches for galaxy morphology: one based on non-parametric morphology and traditional machine learning algorithms; and another based on Deep Learning. To measure the input features for the traditional machine learning methodology, we have developed a system called CyMorph, with a novel non-parametric approach to study galaxy morphology. The main dataset employed comes from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS-DR7). We also discuss the class imbalance problem considering three classes. Performance of each model is mainly measured by Overall Accuracy (OA). A spectroscopic validation with astrophysical parameters is also provided for Decision Tree models to assess the quality of our morphological classification. In all of our samples, both Deep and Traditional Machine Learning approaches have over 94.5% OA to classify galaxies among 2 classes (elliptical and spiral galaxies). We provide a catalog with ~670,000 galaxies containing our best results, including morphological metrics and classification (supplementary data link). We compare our classification with state-of-art morphological classification from literature.


Background: Since the advent of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) it's been possible to create disease models that more accu-rately reflect disease. To date, few have used iPSCs to explore epigenetic dysfunction in common diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, as inducing pluripotency and differentiation into different cell types consists of global epigenetic changes altering gene expression, it's critical to first ensure that the reprog-ramming and differentiation is complete and accurate. Methods: Human fibroblast cells were reprogrammed using lentiviral transfection. The resulting iPSC colonies were expanded, differentiated and collected at different time points: day0 (iPSCs), day16 (neuronal progenitor cells), day37 and day58 (mature neurons). DNA was extracted and bisulfite converted before being run on the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation EPIC array to assess DNA methylation. Results: This study has identified methylomic variation associated with neuronal differentiation using regression models, weighted gene correlation network analyses (WGCNA) and pathway analysis. From this we have shown that several cellular pathways are altered including axon guidance, cellular morphogenesis and intracellular signalling. We have demonstrated that despite being functionally mature these iPSC-derived neurons have the DNA methylation profile of foetal neurons. Conclusions: We have shown that there are large epigenetic changes occurring throughout neuronal differentiation. These changes are within pathways which are key to neuronal development. Alongside this we have demonstrated that neurons derived from iPSCs have a fetal ep-igenome, which is an important consideration for studying age-related neurodegenerative disorders, such as AD. Background: APOE -e4 is the strongest and most reproducible genetic risk factor for late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). Since the discovery of APOE association to LOAD, numerous studies have been performed to explore mechanisms and pathways under-lying its pathogenic effect. However, the normal function of ApoE protein in health and disease is still not completely understood, and the mechanistic links between ApoE isoforms and LOAD remain elusive. Several studies suggested that ApoE may function in the nucleus and play a role in transcription. Altered nuclear architecture described in LOAD and in normal aging suggests a potential link between LOAD, aging and ApoE. Methods: We employed three human induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (hiPSC) lines, isogenic for APOE genotypes. hiPSCs were differentiated into neurons and were exposed to our innovative inducing-aging protocol. Juvenile and Aged cultures were characterized for nuclear aging features, including nuclear architecture markers for heterochromatin organi-zation and nuclear envelope structure. In addition, we measured DNA damage using Comet assay and whole genome methylation profile using MethylEPIC Array. Results: The hiPSC-derived neurons showed differences in the nuclear envelope markers when comparing across the different isogenic lines, suggesting a role for ApoE in the maintenance of the nuclear envelope integrity. Furthermore, the ApoE-e4 hiPSC-derived cells showed increased DNA damage compared to the isogenic lines with an exacerbated effect in the Aged neurons. Moreover, we compared the methylation profile of the Juvenile and Aged hiPSC-derived neurons in the region of Chr19 encoding for PVRL2-TOMM40-APOE-APOC1-APOC2-APOC4. This analysis showed a differential methylation for each isogenic line. Specifically, we observed differ-entially-methylated sites in the APOE, TOMM40 and PVRL2 a human specific gene with proper-ties that enable incorporation into the a 7nAChR, may account for the translational gap; understanding its function may offer novel in-sights when exploring a 7nAChR as a drug target. Methods: To study the functional consequences of the presence of the CHRFAM7A , three iPSC lines (0 copy, 1 copy direct, and 1 copy inverted) were developed and Medial Ganglionic Eminence progen-itors and neurons were generated. The 0 copy line was rescued with CHRFAM7A transfection to control for genetic heterogeneity. As readouts for genotype-phenotype correlation, a 7nAChR synaptic transmission and A b 1-42 uptake were tested. Results: Synaptic transmission in the presence of CHRFAM7A (1 copy direct line) demonstrated that PNU-modulated desensitization of a 7nAChR currents increased as a function of CHRFAM7A dosage. While CHRFAM7A (direct orientation) mitigated the dose response of A b 1–42 uptake suggesting a protective effect beyond physiological concentrations, its presence in the inverted orientation did not have this effect. Furthermore, in the presence of CHRFAM7A (direct orientation) A b 1–42 uptake activated neuronal interleukin 1 b and TNF a . Preliminary data on potential mechanisms are discussed and the involvement of autophagy and inflammasome signaling is elaborated. Conclusions: A current study revealed functional differences between structural variants of CHRFAM7A : the 1 copy direct line mitigated the dose response of A b 1–42 uptake and modulated a 7nAChR. Lead optimization may identify more potent molecules when the screen has a model harboring CHRFAM7A . Background: It is well known that microglia are the only brain-resi-dent immune cells that mediate key functions supporting the central neuron system. Activated microglia represent a common patholog-ical feature of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, due to the inaccessibility of microglia from the brain of patients, the exact role of microglia in AD has not been well explored. Methods: In this study, we first introduced an invitro cellular model of induced microglia-like cells (iMGL) that are directly derived from human peripheral blood cells. iMGL were then characterized by morphology and immuno-cytochemistry or specific phagocytic assay. To further confirm the similarity of iMGL with the microglia from human brain, we conducted RNA-seq from the iMGL cells, and compared with RNA-seq data of microglia from human brain. Results: Our results indicated that the iMGL cells have microglial characterizations, such as a ramified morphology and microglia specific surface markers. More interestingly, these cells showed strong phagocytic activity when treated with fibril b -amyloid protein. Results from RNA-seq also showed that iMGL resembles the most with microglia from brain, following with induced macrophage. Conclusions: Further function studies of this unique cellular model directly from AD patients will lead to better understanding of AD neuroimmunology, towards not only the discovery of diagnostic biomarkers but also personalized intervention for the disease.


The Archaeological Urban Park of Naples (PAUN) project aims at addressing the need of analytical information relating to cultural heritage with modalities that encourage innovation systems of protection and enhancement. In this frame, one of the specific goals is the testing of multiple noninvasive or only minimally invasive investigation techniques, aimed at identifying a permanent diagnostic system calibrated to the specific context of the Urban Archaeological Park of Piazza Municipio, Napoli, Italy.


Report issued by the U.S. Bureau of Mines discussing uranium mining methods. As stated in the introduction, "this report is one of a series published by the Federal Bureau of Mines to describe methods and costs of mining uranium on the Colorado Plateau" (p. 1). This report includes maps, tables, illustrations, and photographs.


Objective To apply of "City Payment Card" system as electronic identity cards and electronic cash card in the hospital may optimize the medical treatment process for patients,to offer more convenient and rapid electronic payment and information requiring for the patients.Methods Replied on the hospital information system and the platform of "City Payment Card"system to realize the "one-card-pass" system in the hospital by using and developing relative application software interface.Results The design and application of"one-card-pass" system in the hospital is an effective means to increase the efficiency of outpatient service because of less currency and changes demand;less inter-infect risk by reduce the currency uses.Conclusion The result of application has approved the effectiveness of the integration of City Payment Card into hospital outpatient service.


Using the Gibbs description of surfaces, a sorption model is developed which describes sorption isotherms for such systems as water in polymers. Moreover, the Freundlich isotherm for monolayer sorption is obtained. The physical interpretation of the constants of the model and the boundary conditions required for application to sorption isotherms are discussed. On basis of the Freundlich isotherm, a multilayer model is proposed to describe the water sorption in polymers. Experimental results within the whole range of relative humidity are found to be in excellent agreement with the multilayer model. Disagreement between model isotherm and experimental data of some polymers at relative humidities above 90% might be due to capillary phenomena not considered in the present model description.


Researchers at the Texas Institute of Transportation are conducting studies to access the ways in which roadways do or do not accommodate cyclists. Determining factors are presence and/or width of bike facilities, vehicle traffic volumes and posted speed limits. The aim is to create bicycle suitability maps to help cyclists select safer routes.


Abstract The structure of stated preference questions to value consumption from public infrastructure can vary depending on the conditions of consumption facing the household. Specifically, a good could be offered as a quasi-public or quasi-private good. This paper demonstrates how consumption from two alternative electricity allocation options can be valued using two types of stated preference questions. Since surveyed households were asked two types of questions, the authors develop a joint model of a contingent valuation question and a contingent quantity behavior response that allows for correlation in error terms across models. In their application to two villages in Rwanda, the authors find higher WTP for electricity consumed as a quasi-private good rather than a quasi-public good, with four hours of electricity per day, only in the evening. They also find correlation in the error terms across the two models, suggesting that their joint estimator is more efficient than estimating each model individually.


In high power laser system, continuous phase plate (CPP) is used as a beam smoothing element. Different from traditional plane or spherical elements, the surface of CPP is more complex. Since the surface information with mid-spatial-frequency of a CPP cannot be treated as a kind of noise, so it is difficult to test and analyze the surface quality by ordinary interferometer. The stitching method is used to test CPP. The basic principle and technological process of the test are introduced. The surface shape of a CPP is recovered successfully by using this method.


In Poland, coal-based thermal energy for cooling power plant installations uses a large amount of surface water. Historically, there have been cases of limitations in electricity supply due to low water levels and high temperature of water in rivers. Moreover, environmental requirements limit the possibility of using water resources for cooling purposes, pointing to the necessity to leave inviolable flows in rivers. This raises questions about the future of the operation of thermal power plants with open cooling systems and hence the research undertaken by the authors. The research consisted of a questionnaire survey, hydrological analyses, the impact assessment of climate change on the operation of power plants, and a discussion of technical solutions for water abstraction and power loss analysis in a particular power plant. The results indicate that there are power plants that are more sensitive to hydrological and environmental conditions and the temperature of the water required for cooling. In one case, keeping a power plant in operation requires the maintenance of periodic artificial damming of water. The conclusions from the research indicate that in Poland, regardless of the source of thermal energy, it is necessary to implement only closed cooling circuits.


This paper investigates the relationship between knowledge management and the self-efficacy of individuals in the organisation. We investigate the impact of the ETK model on the self-efficacy of entrepreneurs in the organisation. The ETK model refers to the three concepts: emotional competence (E), technology competence (T) and knowledge competence (K) within an organisation and is a synchronisation concept of linking the ETK components in an organisation so that they operate synergistically. We propose that self-efficacy of individuals in an organisation is related to the synchronisation levels of the ETK components in that organisation. Self-efficacy, an intrinsic characteristic of an individual, can be impacted by using different interventions and treatments. Using data from 200 small and medium entrepreneurs in the Mexican economy, the paper concludes that the synergistic operation of the E, T and K components in an organisation is significantly related to the self-efficacy scores of the organisational entrepreneurs.


This article has analyzed the abuse of educational administration under the credit system,and thus proposed scientific,standardized,sequenced,modernized educational administration pattern,as well as the unceasingly self-construction of the educational administrative personnel,hoping to provide the highest quality service and the supervisory work for the whole staff and students.


A nonlinear problem for thermoelastic Mindlin-Timoshenko plate
with hereditary heat conduction of Gurtin-Pipkin type is
considered here. We prove the existence of a compact global
attractor whose fractal dimension is finite. The main aim of the
work is to show the upper semicontinuity of the attractor as the
relaxation time tends to zero.


Bipolar emitter-coupled logic (ECL) devices can be fabricated at very high densities and much lower power consumption. Analysis of faulty behavior of ECL storage elements shows they exhibit stuck-at behavior, loss of complementarity, delay faults and enhanced current being drawn by the device. Detection of the above behavior under faults using logic monitoring requires careful and systematic generation of input vectors. Testing for delay faults is even more difficult. A fault causing a delay fault as well as enhanced power supply current is shown. A current monitor for the detection of the enhanced power supply current is presented.


On the basis of the introduction to the challenges faced by the small and medium-sized enterprises and then the detailed analysis of international trade training under market economy conditions,this paper elaborates the existing problems and put forward a proposal of constructing an international trade system under the mechanism of "government,school,industry association,and enterprise" four party interaction in order to promote the development of the small and medium-sized enterprises.


The spraying auto-decomposition of NCl3was preliminarily investigated in a cylindrical gas flow tube.The red flame of NCl3auto-decomposition by spraying was observed and its spectrum was measured.The spectrum was attributed to Cl2(B→X) transition.The decomposition mechanism of NCl3molecule was discussed.It was believed that the preliminary decompo-sition of NCl3was induced by shockwave and then Cl and NCl2radicals produced reacted with NCl3to give sustained flame.The experimental results show that NCl3auto-decomposition can produce a large amount of radicals to replace discharge or combustor as the source of chlorine atom.


The pKa values of five Fischer carbene complexes of the general structure (CO)5CrC(OR)CHR'R'', of two (CO)4(PR3)CrC(OCH3)CH3 type complexes and of one aminocarbene complex, were determined in acetonitrile by a spectrophotometric method. These pKa values span a range from 22.2 for (CO)5CrC(OCH3)CH3 to 27.6 for Deprotonation of the carbene complexes was achieved with strong amine bases such as TMG, DBU, and BEMP. Attempts at measuring the pKa of some other carbene complexes failed either because of instability of the respective anions (e.g., (CO)5CrC(OCH3)CH(CH3)2) or because the pKa was too high for deprotonation to occur ((CO)5CrC(N(CH3)2)CH3). Similarities and differences in the structural dependence of these acidities in acetonitrile compared to other solvents such as 50% acetonitrile−50% water, DMSO, and THF are discussed.


Background: The Government of Botswana has since attaining independence from Britain in 1966 demonstrated a lot of interest in the improvement of primary education by adopting two policies; the Education for kagisano of 1977 and the Revised National Policy on Education of 1994 to guide the development of education in the country. Other efforts include partnering with organizations from countries such as the USA and Britain and others to help improve the quality of the primary education. The other major aim for these was to improve the performance of students in the final examinations. Purpose/Aims:The purpose of the study was to investigate factors that influenced student"s performance in Primary School Leaving Examinations. The study is informed by the Conceptual Framework for Exploratory Study on Contributing Factors to Low Academic Achievement by (Nordin, Ahmad, Nayan, Yahya, Abdullah, Rahman, Ismail, and Yunus (2012). Methodology: A mixed-method design allowed the researcher to triangulate data from the professional literature and a questionnaire comprised of closed and open-ended questions. Out of the two hundred questionnaires distributed, one hundred and twenty seven questionnaires were returned; while only one hundred questionnaires were properly completed and therefore used in the study. Respondents were also interviewed. Data Analysis: For the closed ended section of the questionnaire, SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software was used. Data from the interviews and open-ended section of the questionnaire was coded, and then emerging patterns and themes were identified and described in order to understand the meanings of these categories from the perspectives of the respondents, with verbatim texts included. Findings: The findings show thata myriad of factors contribute to the academic performance of the learner in Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE): parental involvement, medium of instruction, teaching and learning materials, infrastructure, learner – teacher ratio, school libraries, motivation of teachers, qualification of teachers and learners" discipline.


China manufacturing industry need of a large number of high-level application talents,this situation promote China Higher Vocational Education reform and develope.At present,China's normal universities take some technical teacher-training tasks,normal universities have more advantages in training technical teachers.However,technical teacher training model is different from the normal teacher training model,courses system,courses seting and teaching practice should be discriminated in the process of training.


We consider the well-studied cake cutting problem in which the goal is to find an envy-free allocation based on queries from n agents. The problem has received attention in computer science, mathematics, and economics. It has been a major open problem whether there exists a discrete and bounded envy-free protocol. We resolve the problem by proposing a discrete and bounded envy-free protocol for any number of agents. The maximum number of queries required by the protocol is nnnnnn. Even if we do not run our protocol to completion, it can find in at most nn+1 queries an envy-free partial allocation of the cake in which each agent gets at least 1/n of the value of the whole cake.


The main purpose of this article is to study the integral representation on the first type of Super-Cartan domain {(w, z)| |w|2det(I-z), w∈C, z∈R_I(m, n)}. We have obtained an integral representation on the first type of Super-Cartan domain; when m=1, this integral representation is the possion kernel of the unit ball.


Abstract After studies of economics and business administration in Cologne my academic career as an economist started 1968 as a doctoral student and later as a post doc in the Institute of Development Research and Development Policy of the University of Bochum in Germany. The economic theories, with which I worked at the time had no relation to legal or social norms. This changed, after I became a professor of economics in the newly established second law department of the University of Hamburg. It was a model trial of a reformed legal education. My lawyer colleagues propagated a more policy oriented and teleological understanding of the law, legal scholarship, and teaching and demanded the integration of social sciences into the study of the law. I began studying and teaching the classical writings of the American law and economics pioneers and related them to German private law. Gradually I shifted the focus of my academic interest and publications from development studies to the economic study of civil law and became increasingly convinced that "law and economics" corrects a scientific fallacy, which emerged when the two disciplines fell apart. Later I joined -together with my lawyer colleague Claus Ott-the European master program in law and economics, established a doctoral program in law and economics and the Hamburg institute of law and economics. After the merger of the two competing law departments the united faculty took supportive and far reaching decisions to consolidate the institute and make it a center for the study of law and economics. The following pages show in more detail the factors and reasons, which made me a convinced supporter and scholar of the economic approach to law and of institutional economics.


Objective: to analyze incidents during bedside hemodialysis sessions held in Intensive Care Units. Method: cross-sectional, retrospective study, developed in Intensive Care Units of Goiânia, Brazil. Analysis of incidents identified in bedside hemodialysis sessions was performed between March and April 2018. Descriptive analysis was performed for categorical data and for continuous data, mean and standard deviation of the mean. Results: 873 sessions were analyzed, and 563 incidents were recorded. Among those reported, 259 (46%) were inherent to the treatment. Near miss was the most frequent type of incident, generating delay in the beginning of the session, and no support from the multi-professional team (p<0.05). In 132 (56.12%) of the notifiable circumstances, the professional worked for more than 12 uninterrupted hours (p<0.05). Conclusion: the analysis of the results allows students and experts in the area to subsidize improvement strategies for the service. DESCRIPTORS: Quality of Health Care; Sentinel Surveillance; Patient Safety; Patient Harm; Nephrology Nursing. HOW TO REFERENCE THIS ARTICLE: Costa NN, Barreto R dos SS, Costa MM da, Schincaglia RM, Freitas NR de, Costa CL, et al. Incidents in bedside hemodialysis sessions in intensive care units. Cogit. Enferm. [Internet]. 2021 [accessed "insert day, monh and year"]; 26. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/ce.v26i0.76010. dx.doi.org/10.5380/ce.v26i0.76010 Cogit. Enferm. 2021, v26:e76010 Natália Nunes Costa1 Regiane dos Santos Soares Barreto1 Matheus Martins da Costa1 Raquel Machado Schincaglia1 Nara Rúbia de Freitas1 Cristiana da Costa Luciano1 Karina Suzuki1 1Universidade Federal de Goiás. Goiânia, GO, Brasil. Cogit. Enferm. 2021, v26:e76010


A luffa is a natural vegetable sponge. With its skin on, it resembles a cucumber or a zucchini, and it is a member of the same family. Though widely grown, luffas are rarely studied. Since we discovered luffas in North Carolina back yards several years ago, we have found this gourd to be a wonderful science teaching tool. In this article, by sharing some lessons about the luffa, we hope to diminish the aloofness currently granted this humble plant.


Sticking to documents as a basis for a discussion on development trends in information society might be regarded as somewhat old-fashioned. But for all the growing impact of multimedia on the legal domain, the document concept still plays an important role as a basis for legal discussions, above all because law is still produced in the form of text entities commonly referred to as documents. Typical document instances are acts and ordinances, decided cases, contracts and clauses, conventions and so forth. Actually, a more appropriate expression in this context would be virtually tangible documents, meaning that these kinds of objects representing law may occur in electronic as well as in paper formats. The introduction and application of IT has, furthermore, led to a state of art where the boundaries of legal documents are not necessarily defined beforehand. The Swedish Principle of Publicity, for instance, is characterised by a right of access to dynamic constellations of data.


The quality of the cocoa and its butter is the product of the
postharvest processes. This process varies from one region to another
in Venezuela, so it is not difficult to infer that this variability
would alter the components that define the quality of the product.
Indeed, it could be assumed, that the roasting process leads to
variation in weight, percentage of peel of the grain and also in the
fatty acid profile of butter. The goals of this study were: 1) to
evaluate the effect of the roasting process on the physical and
physicochemical attribute and proximate composition of the cocoa bean
from Barlovento region of the Miranda state, and 2) To evaluate the
fatty acid profile of the butter extracted from the cocoa bean. When
comparing the proximate composition the physical properties,
physicochemical and proximal composition only the moisture and crude
fat contents are showing significant statistical differences (p ≤
0.05) by effect of the roasting. The yield obtained in the cocoa butter
(by the press extraction) was augmented from 30.67 to 32.00% by the
roasting process. With exception of the palmitoleic acid, there were
not significant differences in the fatty acid profile by effect of the
treatment of toasted.


Using only time of flight data to determine energy loss, an analysis procedure has been developed to improve the precision of simultaneously measuring electronic stopping powers of swift heavy ions from a continuous energy spectrum provided by a typical elastic recoil detection analysis geometry. This procedure eliminates the well-known calibration problem of Si detectors when used with heavy ions. Consequently, the stopping powers and the energy dependence are determined with higher precision. This approach is demonstrated by measuring the stopping powers of Be, C, Si, and Br in amorphous C over a continuous range of energies. The results exhibit good agreement with limited existing data but indicate some deviations from the predicted theoretical values.


Objective:To identify a set of genes related to upregulated expression of miR-205 in HeLa cells and to investigate their function,and to discuss the pathogenesis of cervical cancer.Methods:The HeLa cells upregulated expression of miR-205 and normal HeLa cells were analyzed with 23 232 human genes of cDNA microarrays.Results:A total of 172 differential genes expressed in the HeLa cells upregulated expression of miR-205 were screened out,of which,34 were up regulated and 138 were down regulated.Conclusions:The cDNA microarray is a powerful method to identify the gene expression profile.Cervical cancer induced by upregulated expression of miR-205 is a result of coeffecting by polygene and multiple factors.


The utility model provides a wireless induction charging lithium battery, wherein an anode and a cathode of a lithium battery are electrically connected with a lithium battery protective plate, and electrically connected with an anode golden finger and a cathode golden finger of the battery after passing through a protection circuit; an inductive power reception coil and a magnetic inducting piece are fastened together, so that a wireless electromagnetic induction power reception device is formed; the two ends of the inductive power reception coil are electrically connected two independent inductive coil golden fingers through an independent circuit on the protective plate; the inductive power reception device is separated from the lithium battery through a magnetic isolating piece; the lithium battery, the lithium battery protective plate, the magnetic isolating piece and the inductive power reception device are packaged in a battery shell; the charging and discharging of the lithium battery and the current output of an electromagnetic induction reception device are realized by externally electrical connection through the plurality of golden fingers on the battery, and an inductive current, which is subjected to external management, is applied to the lithium battery for charging, so that a wireless electromagnetic induction charging function is realized.


One of the more intriguing and elusive semantic contrasts in Modern Dutch is that between the bare verb stem and the infinitive, as they are used in imperative sentences: e.g., Rook niet! 'Smoke not = Don't smoke' or Loop door! 'Walk on = Walk through (e.g., to the rear of the bus)', versus Niet roken! 'Not (to) smoke = No smoking!' or Doorlopen! '(To) through-walk = Walk on'. Kirsner, van Heuven, and Caspers (1998: 135–6) argued that the verb stem (henceforth STM) would communicate GREATER IMPERATIVE FORCE than INF. Nevertheless, their experimental subjects did not judge STM as significantly 'stronger' than INF. Given that STM remains the only acceptable option in truly hierarchical command situations (such as the armed forces {Geef acht! 'Attention!' rather than *Acht geven!) and given that it is also the only option for cursing (Val dood! 'Drop dead!' rather than *Doodvallen!), Kirsner at al. provisionally concluded that the fault lay with their stimulus sentences rather than with their hypothesis. Faced with STM's wide range of uses, including conditionals such as Hang de was buiten en het gaat regenen 'Hang the laundry outside and it starts raining!', Proeme (1984: 245) characterized the form as urging the addressee to regard himself as fulfilling the role with respect to the lexical verb which, in a normal declarative sentence, would be referred to by the grammatical subject. This meaning is less precise than 'command' or 'condition' but is consistent with both. Building on Proeme (1984: 245), Blom (1987) argues that while STM (i) places the activity in a personal perspective and (ii) characterizes it as something to be imagined and not necessarily undertaken (as in the laundry-sentence above), INF (i) does NOT place the activity in a personal perspective, but (ii) characterizes it as one of a series of actions comprising a standardized procedure, and (iii) explicitly portrays the activity as an ACTION TO BE UNDERTAKEN and NOT just imagined. The STM/INF contrast is thus multi-dimensional. The personal aspect of STM versus


Through defining slide yield function and floating potential function of thermo-contact surface,the complementary equation of thermo-contact boundary was got.Based on virtual work principle and contact element technology,the finite element equation of 3D elastic contact system was deduced under the effect of thermal stress.The pseudo load brought by contact gap was introduced into this equation in order to reflect the contact state change.During iteration,after two iteration,one acceleration will be carried out,which will improve calculation efficiency greatly.


Semiconductor lasers are the prime example of compact coherent light-emitters having developed into mature technologies with ubiquitous presence in applications across much of the optical spectrum. Yet there are reasons to explore new materials, both to access those parts of the spectrum not fully accessible by these inorganic single crystal devices, while exploring alternative high throughput methods of material synthesis. In this paper, we focus on solution-processed thin film nanocrystal materials as possible candidates to expand the material repertoire of semiconductor lasers. We review work on inorganic II–VI compound colloidal quantum dots and nanoplatelets and then present recent work in our laboratory on organometallic perovskites, which have gained significant attention quite recently by their promise as high performance photovoltaic solar cells. We concentrate on fundamentals of the optical gain and means of integrating the solution grown nano/microcrystalline thin films into high-Q cavities to identify prime challenges ahead to turn these intriguing materials into viable laser devices.


According to a widely quoted paper by Gilbert and Bernstein (1983), 'mathematical rigorous treatments of second order necessary conditions for problems in optimal control seem to be limited'. In that paper, two different sets of second-order conditions are obtained by applying necessary conditions for an abstract optimization problem developed by the second author (Bernstein, 1984). These conditions are compared with, and shown to be a generalization of, those previously derived by Hestenes (1966) and Warga (1978). In a brief summary of the problems considered in those two references, Gilbert and Bernstein write: 'Hestenes, whose work is the earliest, considered a fairly general optimal control problem but made the standard assumption that the control set is open. His main result states that the second variation of a suitably defined function is nonnegative on a set of admissible variations related to the first order necessary conditions. More recently, Warga obtained a similar result, stated in a somewhat different way, for problems where the controls are restricted to a convex, not necessarily open, constrained set.' Since then, this question has been studied by a large number of authors. In the literature, one can now find second-order conditions for a wide variety of different specific optimal control problems according to the constraints, the spaces of admissible processes, the assumptions on the functions delimiting the problem, and so on (see e.g. Arutyunov & Vereshchagina, 2002; Loewen & Zheng, 1994; Milyutin & Osmolovskii, 1998; Osmolovskii, 1975; Stefani & Zezza, 1996; Zeidan, 1994, 1996; Zeidan & Zezza, 1988, and references therein). Not all coincide, and it may be extremely cumbersome to compare between different problems and the conditions obtained, but this is not the issue of this paper.


This interactive workshop in (mainly) English and some Spanish will enable participants who are relative novices to publishing about higher education teaching learning and assessment to: (1) practice all the necessary steps required to complete an article for publication; (2) consider the range of outlets where academics can publish research and good scholarly practice on teaching, learning, assessment and feedback; (3) review appropriate styles, registers and language for journal publications; and (4) utilise some simple processes to draft, redraft and complete a journal article.


[Objective] The research aimed to lay the foundation for promoting the standardization of vegetable plug seedling technology.[Method] Three kinds of common substrates(Chinese medicine residues,organic active substrate and nutrient soil) and 5 sizes of plugs were selected to make cucumber plug seedling test.The effects of different substrate treatments on the seedling emergence rate of cucumber and that of different substrate treatments and different plug sizes on the growth and development of cucumber seedlings were studied.[Result] When cucumber seeds were sowed 5 days later,the the seedling emergence rate of cucumber with Chinese medicine residues as substrate was highest(95%),followed by organic active substrate and nutrient soil.In early and late seedling stage,the effects of substrate on the growth and development of cucumber seedlings were greater.Among them,organic active sbstrate was most favorable for the growth and development of cucumber seedlings,but the effects of Chinese medicine residues and nutrient soil were worse without significant difference.The effects of plug standards on the growth and development of cucumber seedlings were little.Five standards of plugs were all suitable for nursing the cucumber seedlings and the effect of 50-hole plug being better.[Conclusion] In the industrialized seedling of cucumber,it was suitable to select 50-hole plug.


A modern telephone can only be used if it is a dual-band transceiver. Also, an indispensable condition is the availability of Internet access. Modern cell phones can only be used for their intended purpose: making calls. Due to the fact that the operating system is preinstalled on devices, the list of possibilities for gadgets could be expanded almost indefinitely. So you can even do a full-fledged dual-band transceiver from a cell phone. In this paper, an innovation in the development of mobile radio models dual-band transceivers in wireless cellular communication is proposed. For the dual-band transceiver in the phone to work, you need an Internet connection. Progress in the development of technologies for mobile networks does not stand still, and with each new standard and technology for mobile networks, new opportunities for using the network open up for end subscribers. It is based on packet voice data transmission called push-to-talk.


In this paper, a collaborative beamformer (CB) is considered to achieve a dual-hop communication from a source to a receiver, through a wireless network comprised of K independent terminals. Whereas previous works neglect the scattering effect to assume a plane-wave single-ray propagation channel termed here as monochromatic (with reference to its angular distribution), a multi-ray channel termed as polychromatic due to the presence of scattering is considered, thereby broadening the range of applications in real-world environments. Taking into account the scattering effects, the weights of the so-called polychromatic CB (P-CB) are designed so as to minimize the received noise power while maintaining the desired power equal to unity. Unfortunately, their derivation in closed-form is analytically intractable due to the complex nature of polychromatic channels. However, when the angular spread (AS) is relatively small to moderate, it is proven that a polychromatic channel may be properly approximated by two rays and hence considered as bichromatic. Exploiting this fact, we introduce a new bichromatic CB (B-CB) whose weights can be derived in closed-form and, further, accurately approximate the P-CB's weights. Yet these weights, which turn out to be locally uncomputable at every terminal, are unsuitable for a distributed implementation. In order to circumvent this shortcoming, we exploit the asymptotic expression at large K of the B-CB whose weights could be locally computed at every terminal and, further, well-approximate their original counterparts. The performances of the so-obtained bichromatic distributed CB (B-DCB) and its advantages against the monochromatic DCB (M-DCB), which is designed without accounting for scattering, are analytically proved and further verified by simulations at practical values of K.


Providers of mental health services in both public and private sectors are becoming increasingly dependent on third-party health insurance to cover the costs of outpatient psychotherapy. The present investigation examines reimbursement rates for the cost of the average course of psychotherapy for a sample of industries in one city. Results suggest that insurance coverage should not be viewed as a panacea by mental health providers.


Advances in pulsed lasers have resulted in a growing need for methods and devices for controlling and exploiting the temporal bandwidth of pulsed fields. Mode-locked diode sources with subpicosecond pulse widths have recently been integrated [1]. We consider high-resolution integrated systems for modulating the bandwidth of such pulses. These systems are capable of creating arbitrarily-shaped optical pulses with bandwidths limited only by the bandwidth of the pulsed source. Applications for pulse-shaping devices exist in communications, optical computing, and nonlinear spectroscopy.


The method for operating a fleece layer requires a fleece layer, to which the card web is supplied at variable card web infeed speed. To limit the amount of space required for the upper carriage at the rear of the machine, the average of the absolute values of the laying-carriage speed during the forward movement of the laying carriage in at least some laying cycles differs from the average of the absolute values of the laying-carriage speed during the return movement of the laying carriage, and the average of the absolute values of the laying-carriage speed in at least some laying cycles during the forward movement of the laying carriage differs from twice the average of the absolute values of the upper-carriage speed during the forward movement of the laying carriage.


Senna or Sanay (Cassia angustifolia (Vahl.)) is an important medicinal plant to India and it is drought tolerant, hence it is cultivated under rainfed condition in marginal soils by small and marginal farmers of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Tamilnadu and other Indian states. Senna is a small, perennial, branched under-shrub grown for its medicinal value of leaves and pods which contain sennosides A, B, C, D, rhein, aloe-amine, kaempferein and iso-rhein in free and glycosides forms. It is one of the most useful purgatives, especially in case of habitual constipation. Besides being a laxative, senna is used in splenic enlargements, anaemia, typhoid, cholera, jaundice, rheumatism, tumours, foul breath and bronchitis, and probably in leprosy. The ease of cultivation and high price for the leaves is attracting farmers for large scale cultivation. The future is excellent for extending its cultivation and production of numerous value-added products from its leaves and pods.


Various production scenarios applicable to the underground deep gold mining environments at the Cuiaba mine, Brazil, are evaluated by means of a computational modeling approach, within the Ventsim Visual™, ventilation software for mine ventilation simulation and design. The intension is to test the operational safety of the mine to a hypothetical maximum production rate coming from the analysis of mineralized orebodies, considering the cu rrent scenario of production. The underground environmental conditions to ensure suitable conditions for mine workers and equipment are determined using legal requirements. Th is dissertation intends is to test the operational safety for various production s cenarios, against to the principles and concepts of risk assessment for mine ve ntilation in deep underground mines. The models take into account complex networks using local environmental conditions, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat of the rocks, the airways sizes and shape as well their resistance. The parameters were obtained by local measurement or from laboratories tests. The applied models are calibrated against measurements and observations made in situ to obtain a model with an adherence of 95%. The model provided tightly integrated utilities to analyze ventilation flows, heat and contaminants of mine ventilation. From this calibrated model were developed two successive models where the first maintains the same rate of current production and the second for a hypothetical rate of production considered maximum for this mine but these two representing the mining in depth. Th e criterion used to test the operational safety of the mine was to simulate a fire in down cast air pa ths and check what happening with high concentrations of smoke or gas as in an emergency situation. Dynamic contaminant simulation is presented for a hypothetical fire, as well as its limitations. This study analyzed the results of these simulations and considers their relevance as a contribution support for underground mines planning and design to the safe operation of deep mines, either in the day-to-day basis as well in emergency situations.


Low light stress is a main restrict factor for the growth and development of fruit vegetable plant under protected field.The effects of low light stress on morphology,photosynthesis,membrane lipid peroxidation,antioxidant enzymes active,signal transduction and other stress resistance of plant under low light were detailed reviewed in this paper,and the research status of horticultural plant growth under low light stress was elaborated.


Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM1) is an autoimmune disease that affects thousands of people today, with a higher concentration of cases in adolescence. Treatment involves lifestyle changes that can have a negative influence on quality of sleep (QS) and quality of life (QL). The purpose of the study was to compare QS and QL among adolescents with and without DM1. Seventy-four adolescents participated in the study divided by groups and sex: GDM1-F (n=19), GDM1-M (n=18), GC-F (n=21) and GC-M (n=16). The instruments used were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and WHOQOL-bref. Age-adjusted Covariance Analysis with Bonferroni Post Hoc was used to compare the groups. The results show that the participants of GDM1-F and GDM1-M, with DM1, had higher scores in all evaluations, with significant difference with CGF in the variables: global QS, Physical, Psychological and Social Relationships and total QL. Therefore, it was possible to observe that adolescents with DM1 had better QS and QL evaluations than girls without DM1, regardless of age.


Five varieties of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L. (Dunal) i.e. Chetak, Pratap, Nimithli, Poshita and Jawahar-20 were analyzed for withanolide A and withaferin A. These components were evaluated from leaf, stem, root and seeds using HPLC. These components were present in all these tissues. However, their content varies from tissues to tissue and variety to variety viz (Chetak, Pratap, Nimithli, Poshita and Jawahar-20). Withaferin A and withanolide A contents were found to be highest in Poshita followed by Jawahar-20. Withaferin A and withanolide A contents were also evaluated and compared in field-grown and in-vitro grown plants of Poshita and Jawahar-20. Callus derived from Poshita root showed the highest withaferin A content however, withanolide A was found to be highest in callus derived from Jawahar-20 leaf. Thus this study indicated that promoting an elite variety through tissue culture with consistency in the withanolide contents can be a promising approach to meet the growing demand of Ashwagandha. Key-words: Withania somnifera, Withaferin A, Withanolide A, HPLC, Field grown, In-vitro grown, Ashwagandha INTRODUCTION Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, popularly known as Ashwagandha, is a high valued medicinal plant of India. It is a priority medicinal plant which is identified by National Medicinal Plant Board of India. The roots and leaves of Ashwagandha contain various alkaloids viz withanolides [1] and withaferin A . Among withanolides, withaferin A and withanolide A have been reported to be dominant metabolite distributed among various tissues of this plant in varying concentrations . How to cite this article Singh M, Shah P, Punetha H, Agrawal S. Varietal Comparison of Withanolide


The Limerick Tunnel project is located in SW Ireland and includes approximately 10 km of approach roads on embankments up to 10 m high constructed upon very soft organic silts (typically 10 to 25 kPa shear strength) up to 13 m deep. A combination of vertical drains plus temporary surcharge to reduce the long term creep was generally adopted to maintain settlements within acceptable limits. The geotechnical designs adopted at the transition zones either side of three bridges included a combination of full or partial excavation of the soft alluvium, variable surcharge heights up to 4 m, geosynthetic reinforcement and short sections of pile supported embankment. Long term laboratory oedometer testing of the improvement in creep behavior following surcharge removal was performed to validate the design method. Performance data are presented relating to a 20 month period of post construction settlement of transition zone pavements following opening of the facility in July 2010.


Puppets are widely used to encourage children's talk and reasoning. This article looks at how they have been used to expose common counting errors and to generate the 'right kind of talk' in mathematics.


Concern over the increasing incidence of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers have prompted substantial funds be put towards public cancer education since the 1980s.


In this paper, we propose a support system to convert users' manuals to comics. In the proposed system, comics are generated using the texts and images taken from a manual in advance. The user selects sentences and images used to generate comics, from candidate sentences and candidate images. Furthermore, the user can select the favorite font size and style, and generate comics that matches the preference of each user. We carried out two kinds of evaluation experiments: the first one is the comparison between the generated comics and the original PDF file, the second one is the evaluation of the user-friendliness of the proposed system. As the results, it is confirmed that the proposed system can generate manuals which are easy to read and attract interest by usage of comic representation. In addition, it is also confirmed that users can generate favorable comics as expected by simple operations.


The present article approaches Miguel Antonio Caro's understandings of the concept of moral. This was a central axis within his language and constituted a fundamental part of the ideological guidelines which led to administrative and political transformation of the State in the last quarter of the XIX century in Colombia. Given this premise, the purpose of the article is to provide an analysis of the proposal for the moralization of the society made by Caro, which not only covered politics, religion and education, but also promoted a framework for conduct for the society. The results of this proposal, expressed in the political Constitution of 1886, yield an understanding, in perspective, of the historic period known as the Regeneration.


A quandary for manufacturers Intel's current inelegant wireless LAN design creates a dilemma for laptop manufacturers desirous of both benefiting from Centrino's good performance and low power and offering their customers the best available wireless access technology—which they must obtain from another vendor. Intel bars them from displaying the Centrino brand name on their products unless they use the complete package. If they use only the Pentium M and supporting logic, they must sell under the Pentium M logo and miss out on the hundreds of millions that Intel is spending on Centrino advertising. So most manufacturers are offering laptops based on Centrino alongside others that use another vendor's wireless access circuitry. Why, then, didn't Intel wait until it had completed its 802.11a+b circuitry before launching Centrino? According to Intel's High, laptop makers didn't want to delay until June to introduce their new lines of Centrino notebooks. Besides, he says, almost all hotspots use 802.11b. As to the three-chip solution, High doesn't believe it's a problem. "We are seeing the smallest and lightest laptops built around Centrino. So I don't think that manufacturers are suffering in terms of their ability to conserve battery life and to make a smaller, neater, cleaner product." The real issue is which approach costs less. Buying the complete Centrino package with its three-chip wireless solution could actually be cheaper than buying the processor and logic chips from Intel and the wireless chips from somebody else, he says. —Linda Geppert


Objective:To observe on the clinical curative effect of xinshuaifang on congestive heart failure.Methods:160 patients of the ambulatory treatment or hospitalization with II-Ⅲ cardiac function according to the NYHA cardiac function classification are randomly divided into two groups.The two group are given therapies according to their pathogenesis,the control group are given routine medicine treatment;based on the routine medicine treatment,the treatment group are given Xinshuanfang treatment,a dose three times a day.Before and after treatment,the clinical symptoms,the score of symptoms,changes of Echocardiography index,exercise tolerance and life quality were observed,the observation period is 1 year.Result:(1)The clinical symptoms and the score of symptoms and signs of the two groups decreased after the treatment,and the treatment group is even lower than the control group (P0.05).(2)LV end-distolic Volume (EDV) of the treatment group decreases after the treatment,Stroke Volume (SV),cardiac output (CO),cardiac index(CI),left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) increase significantly,indicating that the myocardial contractility function is improved and the stroke volume is increased,suggesting significant differences when compared with control group (P0.05).(3)The total therapeutic effective rate of the treatment group is 94.7% and that of the control group is 75%.There are significant differences between the treatment group and the control group(P0.05).(4)There are significant differences between the treatment group and the control group in exercise tolerance life quality (p 0.05).Conclusion:Xinshuaifang has evident curative effect on congestive heart failure.


ABSTRACT:Wh-question phrases in Mandarin remain in-situ at their base position (e.g., John bought what?). Although theoretical studies show that there is a covert dependency between the in-situ question word/phrase and SpecCP, little is known how this dependency is evidenced in the processing of Mandarin wh-in-situ questions. In addition, bare Mandarin wh-phrases like shéi 'who' are different from complex ones like nǎge tóngxué 'which classmate', as the former are known as wh-indeterminates, on a par with indefinites (Cheng 1991), while the latter are considered on a par with definites (Rullmann and Beck 1998). To uncover the processing mechanism of wh-in-situ questions, we conducted two self-paced reading studies where we compared their processing behavior with that of their declarative counterparts. Specifically, and due to the claims made in the literature regarding the nature of bare and complex wh-questions, we compared bare wh-questions with declarative counterparts that contained indefinites, and complex wh-questions with declarative counterparts that contained definites. Our findings show that, regardless of their bare or complex nature, wh-questions were in general processed with more cost (i.e., reading delay) than their declarative counterparts, providing evidence that a covert-dependency is built in wh-questions. In particular, based on our results we claim that after reading the core whelement, the parser immediately starts the process of resolving the wh-question interpretation by establishing the covert dependency.摘要:汉语普通话的特殊疑问句是在位疑问句,即疑问词的位置和陈述句对应名词的位置相同(例如"约翰买了什么?"),并不移到句首。理论语言学的研究表明,在位的疑问词与句子左缘的 SpecCP 存在隐性的依存关系,但这种依存关系能否从在线句子加工中找到证据,尚不得而知。除此之外,光杆疑问词(例如"谁")与复杂的疑问词(例如"哪个同学")本质不同,因为前者是 wh-不定指,类似于不定代词 (Cheng 1991), 而后者性质与有定代词类似 (Rullmann and Beck, 1998)。为了更好地揭示普通话特殊疑问句的加工机制,文章进行了两个自控步速阅读实验,来对比疑问句和对应陈述句的加工模式。具体说来,根据文献中对光杆疑问词和复杂疑问词的区分,我们分别对比了光杆疑问句和包含了对应不定代词陈述句的加工区别,以及复杂疑问句和包含了对应有定代词陈述句的加工区别。研究结果表明,尽管疑问词的性质有光杆和复杂之分,疑问句整体上都要比对应陈述句加工成本更高 (即需要更多的加工时间) 。这为普通话特殊疑问句中隐性依存关系的建构提供了在线加工上的证据。此外,实验的结果显示,只要阅读到 wh-成分 (例如"哪个"、"谁") ,被试就开始了疑问依存关系的建构,不需要读完整个词组 (例如"哪个同学")。


In this work we have studied the effect of current density and UV illumination on the morphology of porous SiC formed by electrochemical etching. Raman spectroscopy was also carried out, in order to correlate the porous SiC structure with the obtained spectra. We show that current density is important in controlling the type of structure, whereas UV illumination plays a role in pore nucleation at lower current densities. The shape of the Raman spectra, in particular the longitudinal optical (LO) peak, also depends strongly on the SiC nanoscale morphology. (© 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


To supply healthy water and remove water contaminations are one of the serious concerns of modern societies. Various techniques and methods have been used to removecontaminants from industrial wastewater. The aim of this study was to remove yellow15 dye from industrial wastewater using nano-composite/Fe3O4. In this study, magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4were synthesized firstly by chemical precipitation. Nanoparticles synthesis was confirmed by XRD and SEM techniques. Then, by polyanilinedeposition on nanoparticles, polyaniline nanocomposites were prepared and its synthesis was confirmed by TEM, SEM, and FTIR techniques. In addition, the effects of various parameters, including ph, contact time, adsorbent value, and temperature were investigated and optimized in the isolation of considered dye. Kinetics studies showed that the absorption kinetics follows a pseudo-second order equation and this dye adsorption isotherm follows a Langmuir Equation. The results showed that this method is an appropriate method for considered dye.


Aneurysms are dilatations of the aorta which involve all three layers of the vessel wall. While virtually any form of vascular disease may result in aneurysm formation, the most common cause today is atherosclerosis. Less common causes include cystic medial necrosis, trauma, and infection. In all cases, the pathophysiologic agent is destruction of the elastic fibers in the media which permits stretching of the remaining connective tissue and subsequent dilatation. Once initiated, the process tends to perpetuate itself since wall tension increases with increasing diameter in accordance with the Laplace relationship. In addition, hypertension, which predisposes to atherosclerosis and is commonly present in patients with aneurysm, also increases wall tension and contributes to continued dilatation. The shape of an aneurysm is related to the degree of circumferential involvement of the degenerative process. Fusiform aneurysms result from involvement of the entire circumference of the aorta and are the most common type. Saccular aneurysms result from lesser degrees of circumferential involvement. Not to be confused with the aforementioned pathophysiology, false aneurysms are the result of leakage of blood through the vessel wall. Thus, they are lined by fewer than three layers of the vessel wall and typically contain thrombi. Approximately 75% of aneurysms involve the abdominal aorta and are confined to the region


The structure and 3‐dimensional pattern of the intraparenchymal microvessels in the brain of the lizard, Podarcis sicula, were studied by a combination of light and transmission electron microscopy as well as scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts. The angioarchitecture pattern consists of narrow hairpin‐shaped microvascular loops of different length originating from the meningeal surface. In each loop, descending and ascending vessels are closely apposed to one another throughout their length and are connected by a narrow U‐shaped terminal loop at their tips. The 2 limbs of the vessel pairs show a slightly different diameter but lack other structural differences. While some paired vessels give rise to a secondary hairpin‐shaped loop with 2 possible branching patterns, there are no anastomotic intraparenchymal connections with analogous neighbouring structures. The cerebral vascular pattern of Podarcis sicula resembles that found in a few representatives of other vertebrate classes. All cerebral vessels structurally appear to be capillaries. Also the observations carried out on semithin and thin sections strongly support the capillary loop model in the Podarcis brain vasculature and, in accordance with studies carried out on various vertebrates, the general submicroscopic features of the brain capillary wall suggest the presence of an endothelial type blood‐brain barrier.


Guppies Poecilia reticulata from the Rio Grande, Trinidad are heteroplasmic; individuals possess up to nine different-sized mtDNA haplotypes. A PCR survey of mtDNA length variation that included mothers and embryos suggests that a large number of mitochondrial genomes (possibly within a much smaller number of organelles) pass from one generation to the next.


The number of unmatched medical graduates has been increasing steadily and has become the focus of attention in recent months, including a CMAJ article entitled "What to do about the Canadian Resident Matching Service."[1][1] The discussion has focused primarily on the number and distribution of


Alloys of group IV semiconductors have attracted more and more attention recently as a material for use in the development of Si-based heterostructure devices. In this paper, the current transport mechanisms of relaxed p-type Ge/sub 1-y/C/sub y/ alloy films on n-type Si at both forward and reverse bias were studied. The current transport is dominated by combined thermal injection, defect tunneling, and recombination mechanisms. The presence of carbon reduces interface states, decreases the leakage current, and increases forward turn-on voltage. This paper demonstrates the benefits of alloying C into Ge and the promising characteristics of Ge/sub 1-y/C/sub y//Si heterostructure devices for future electronic and optoelectronic applications.


Baculoviruses are natural enemies of agricultural and forest insect pests and play an important role in biological pest control. Oral infection by baculovirus in the insect midgut is necessary for establishing systemic infection and eventually killing the insect. Since the insect midgut continuously encounters microbiota, the gut microbiota could affect baculovirus infection. Here, we demonstrated that gut microbiota modulates immune responses and promotes baculovirus infection in the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera. After oral infection, numerous host immunity‐related genes including genes encoding Toll and immune deficiency (IMD) pathway components were upregulated in the midgut. Elimination of the gut microbiota significantly increased the resistance to viral infection in H. armigera. Quantitative real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and proteomic analysis showed that downregulation of the antiviral factor prophenoloxidase (PPO) could be mediated by microbiota during infection. It implied that midgut microbiota diminishes the expression of PPO to facilitate viral infection in H. armigera. Our findings revealed that the microbiota plays an important role in modulating the resistance of H. armigera to baculovirus infection, providing new insights in applying biopesticide.


New rural construction is the important task of our country,the solution of problem of "three-agriculture" is crucial.Thoughts of Deng Xiaoping on "three-agriculture" is the foundation of new rural construction.It is very important to the socialism new rural construction.


Minimum common string partition is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem from the bioinformatics field. The current state-of-the-art algorithm is a hybrid technique known as construct, merge, solve, and adapt (CMSA). This algorithm combines two main algorithmic components: generating solutions in a probabilistic way and solving reduced subinstances obtained from the tackled problem instances, if possible, to optimality. However, the CMSA algorithm was not intended for application to very large problem instances. Therefore, in this paper we present a technique that makes CMSA, and other available algorithms for this problem, applicable to problem instances that are about one order of magnitude larger than the largest problem instances considered so far. Moreover, a reduced variable neighborhood search (RVNS) for solving the tackled problem, based on integer programming, is introduced. The experimental results show that the modified CMSA algorithm is very strong for problem instances based on rather small alphabets. With growing alphabet size, it turns out that RVNS has a growing advantage over CMSA.


Despite the widespread use of Sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) in patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), definite data on cardiac remodeling under treatment are still lacking.

 We conducted a retrospective analysis on a large cohort of 201 consecutive HFrEF ambulatory patients who started Sac/Val in our HF unit between Sept. 2016 and Dec. 2018 on top of optimal medical treatment. Patients with both basal and follow up (at least 3 months) echocardiographic assessment (TTE) were included.

 A follow up TTE was performed in 100 patients (male 76%; mean age 67.4 ± 11.1 years; medium follow-up 309 ± 182 days). Baseline characteristics are shown in Tab.1. 34% of the patients reached the maximal dose (97/103 b.i.d.) while 18 interrupted the treatment. We observed an overall significant improvement in ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic and end-systolic ventricular volumes (EDV/ESV), while just a trend in pulmonary pressures (PAPs) and mitral regurgitation (MR) reduction was noted (p = 0.06 and 0.09 respectively). Non ischemic etiology and high dose of Sac/Val were predictors of better remodeling (Fig.1).

 In our study Sac/Val led to an early favorable ventricular remodeling assessed by echocardiography. The observed benefit was greater in patients on higher dose of the drug and non ischemic etiology.
 Table 1 n = 100 Clinical characteristics Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 116 ± 11 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) 70 ± 9 Hemoglobin (g/dL) 13 ± 2.0 MDRD (ml/min/1.73 m2) 63 ± 21.4 Potassium (mmol/L) 4.26 ± 0.50 NYHA class II (n;%) 59 (59%) NYHA class III (n;%) 41 (41%) Ischemic etiology (n;%) 58 (58%) ICD (n;%) 41 (41%) CRT (n;%) 32 (32%) Beta-blockers (n;%) 94 (94%) ACEi or ARBs (n;%) 92 (92%) MRA (n;%) 77 (77%) Baseline clinical characteristics
 Abstract 410 Figure. Fig. 1


Introdcing the designe of da-tong midle-school of xiamen ,the author pointed out that we can make buidings fuction resonable firstly ,then ,introjecting desgners ideal and functions,lastly,creating various spaces and site.


Cultural heritage management is an increasingly important concept in the world and in our country. The cultural heritage of a city consists of all the cultural layers that make up the city's past, and these layers feed each other. In a city like Istanbul that has been the capital of two empires, cultural heritage management has different challenges and advantages. In this study, the establishment and functioning structure of the Pantokrator Monastery dated back to Middle Byzantine Period and the Suleymaniye Complex built during the Ottoman Period, which are two structures that have an important place in the historical past of Istanbul, were compared as two public institutions and the similarities were made. In this context, in the light of these two institutions, the concept of urban memory was tried to be explained by emphasizing the importance of cultural continuity and urban archeology.


Objectives: Although the risk assessments for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) have been extensively
studied, most of the existing risk...


uses the NOAA Technical Memorandum series to issue informal scientific and technical publications when complete formal review and editorial processing are not appropriate or feasible. Documents within this series reflect sound professional work and may be referenced in the formal scientific and technical literature. Notice to Users of this Document This document is being made available in .PDF format for the convenience of users; however, the accuracy and correctness of the document can only be certified as was presented in the original hard copy format. Growth rates were calculated for recently emerged juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) held at constant water temperatures of 4°, 8°, and 12°_C for 6 weeks. The juveniles in all treatments were fed live zooplankton to excess, and exhibited a minimum growth rate of 1.64% body weight per day (bw/d) at 4°C and maximum growth rate of 3.25% bw/d at 12°C. Growth rates were significantly different (P < 0.05) between 4°, 8°, and 12°C treatment groups. A linear model of juvenile pink salmon growth was developed using data from this and five other studies. This model provides a simple and reliable means to project the potential growth rate of juvenile pink salmon when natural zooplankton prey is abundant and estuarine water temperatures are between 4.0° and 18.3°C.


The invention discloses a lithium ion battery parallel formation method and a lithium ion battery parallel formation device. The lithium ion battery parallel formation method comprises the following steps: fixedly arranging a plurality of lithium ion batteries, clamping the lithium ion batteries by utilizing a parallel formation device, and enabling an anode to be tightly contacted with a cathode; connecting a positive tab and a negative tab of the lithium ion battery respectively with a positive output end and a negative output end of an external charging device; charging the lithium ion batteries through the external charging device by adopting a product of the charging current needed by the pre-formation of each lithium ion battery and the quantity of the lithium ion batteries as the charging output current of the external charging device. By adopting the lithium ion battery parallel formation method and device, the space needed by the operation is reduced, the cabinet loading and unloading times can be reduced, the manpower is saved, and the production efficiency is improved; the expansion of the battery is limited by the formation device, the anode is tightly contacted with the cathode, and an SEI (solid electrolyte interphase) membrane is uniform in forming.


The final mark of the long and loyal friendship to the Museum of the late Henry Glover Stevens was the bequest to the Art Institute of Whistler's Portrait of Himself as a Young Man.1 The opinion of Way and Dennis2 and Gallatin3 that this is the most important of Whistler's self-portraits, is borne out by the number of times it has been reproduced. It was twice etched in the nineteenth century, once by Percy Thomas for the frontispiece to the catalogue of Whistler's etchings exhibited at the Liverpool Art Club in 1874; and again by William Hole for the Art Journal , October, 1897. Since Whistler's death it has been reproduced many times. It is of greater interest that the white lock of hair on Whistler's forehead, which became a famous detail of the artist's pose, is represented for the first time in this portrait.4 The white lock appeared while Whistler was still a young man, for W. M. Rossetti mentions seeing this portrait during a visit to the studio in 1867, when Whistler was thirtythree years old.5 In the case of most artists it is of no significance whether they had white locks on their foreheads or no hair at all, but in Whistler's case the lock is a symbol of that flamboyance of character which made him at once the buffoon and the idol of his own generation, and which seems to us the fatal flaw in his attempt to achieve greatness. For when Whistler arrived in Paris in 1855 to become the "idle apprentice" celebrated by Du Maurier in Trilby , he had already soaked himself in Murger's La vie de bohème , the source from which so many others also derived the idea that merely by renting a studio and setting up as an artist, one becomes omehow suddenly superior to everyone else on earth. Duret, his French biographer, has brought out the degree to which the studio life of Paris fostered a habit of "despising and setting at defiance the vul~


This reearch intends to analyze the policy impact of export tax evailed for Crued Palm Oil (CPO) on macroeconomicand sectoral performances using export tax simulation through Computable General Equilibrium application. Using 5 scenarios,export tax cause the ratio of balance of trade to GDP declined (delBreal) from -318,84 percent to -190,62 percent. This impactoccured as a result of a decrease in export tax responded directly by an increase in export volume and export value. Prevailinghigh export tax would weaken demand of investment in agriculture sector, particularly in plantation and CPO.Keywords : Export tax, CPO, and CGE.