Aiming to solve the problems in Xiushan manganese ore such as disorder of exploitation,low efficiency,rough gangue processing,store of electrolysis manganese dregs,emission of wastewater,and imperfection of intensive processing,this paper put forward a set of solutions integrating with the exploitation and utilization situations of manganese ore resources.Manganese slag problem should be settled by expanding the scale of mining,standardizing administration,filling the security column with gangue,heightening and consolidating of the tailings reservoir of manganese slag,resource utilization of manganese slag.The emission of water could be decreased by extracting metal element,reducing the amount of wastewater,reaching the standard after treatment and reusing.The sustainable development of manganese ore exploitation could be maintained by expanding the manganese industry chain and putting in investments in technology.


The computer program source code must have good documentation on it to be more understandable by others. One of the documentation is code comments. Therefore, university students need to learn and able to write comments. Some university students are familiar with an online judge as a tool for learning programming. An online judge usually does not check how the source code written instead of the output only. This research is aimed at implementing the code comment assessment module for online judge in the order it can check the comments in the source code which is uploaded by students. The comments on this module are categorized into two parts. There are header and process comments. The comments dataset have taken from the online judge which is used before as a learning tool for basic programming subject.


Purpose
Private universities in Ghana are perceived to offer low-quality education, even though the few studies conducted have produced contradictory findings. In addition to the paucity of research in this area, the debate has not largely reflected the views of alumni. This study aims to present the perspectives of a major stakeholder group in education on the quality of the accounting programme offered by a chartered private university in Ghana.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey questionnaire was sent to 150 alumni from a private university who graduated between 2011 and 2015 to gather data and analysed using descriptive statistical methods and hierarchical factor analysis.

Findings
In contrast to the perception of low-quality programmes in private universities in Ghana, the alumni group believed that the private institution offered good-quality accounting programmes. The accounting programme was accessed to be fit for its purpose, and it has generally transformed the lives of the alumni group, thus making the programme meet their quality expectations.

Practical implications
The study's findings are an important contribution to the debate on the quality of private universities programmes in general and specifically in accounting.

Originality/value
Although some research has been done on quality assurances and accounting programmes in public universities in Ghana, the authors know very little about the quality in private universities. The study presents the opinions of an alumni group on the controversy over private universities quality of education. This study closes a gap in the literature.


This is a preliminary report of our clinical experiences and treatment of 45 patients afflicted with hysterical deafness. These patients were given sodium pentothal narcosynthesis. Of this group 16 had been overseas in combat; 14 had been overseas, but not in combat; 15 had no overseas duty. Twenty-two gave a history of deafness prior to induction and one admitted hearing loss for 32 years prior to induction. In the true hysterical patient the results were spectacular. When there was an element of conscious simulation, an improvement in the hearing loss was observed but normal audiometric readings could not be obtained. Intensive therapeutic efforts were continued for several days after narcosynthesis, followed by daily consultations with the neuropsychiatrist over a period of 2 to 4 weeks. The condition of these patients having remained stationary, with no evidence of regression during this period of observation, separation from the service was carried out. The period during which these cases have been o...


The invention relates to a printing and dyeing wastewater treatment process without sludge discharge. The process is as follows: desizing wastewater is processed by an IC anaerobic tank, then water is discharged, and the water and aerobic nitration solution enter an intermittent oxygen-poor tank together, so that denitrification, sulphur oxidization, sludge adsorption added value and sludge concentration are simultaneously conducted in the oxygen-poor tank, nitrate-state oxygen in the aerobic nitration solution is recovered, and sulphion concentration of the aerobic tank can be reduced, so that suspended particles in the discharged water in the IC anaerobic tank can be adsorbed, and the discharged water is cleared and discharged into an oxidation tank. Aerobic surplus sludge plays the role of adsorption and then enters a CSTA tank to be digested and reduced, and finally, the surplus sludge is processed by a filter press, and is pumped into a furnace in a fluid bed by a plunger pump to be burned. According to the process, the settling property of the settled sludge is improved, the removal rate of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) is improved, the zero discharge of the surplus sludge is realized, harmful gas can not be generated, the environmental protection and the high efficiency are realized, the process operability is strong, the one-time investment is low, and the treatment effect is obvious.


Submitted for the MAR11 Meeting of The American Physical Society Correlation between cation conduction and ionic morphology in a PEO-based single ion conductor KAN-JU LIN, JANNA MARANAS, Pennsylvania State University — We use molecular dynamics simulation to study ion transport and backbone mobility of a PEO-based single ion conductor. Ion mobility depends on the chemical structure and the local environment of the ions, which consequently impact ionic conductivity. We characterize the aggregation state of the ions, and assess the role of ion complexes in ionomer dynamics. In addition to solvated cations and pairs, higher order ion clusters are found. Most of the ion clusters are in string-like structure and cross-link two or more different ionomer chains through ionic binding. Ionic crosslinks decrease mobility at the ionic co-monomer; hence the mobility of the adjacent PEO segment is influenced. Na ions show slow mobility when they are inside large clusters. The hopping timescale for Na varies from 20 ns to 200. A correlation is found between Na mobility and the number of hops from one coordination site to another. Besides ether oxygens, Na ions in the ionomer also use the anion and the edge of the cluster as hopping sites. The stringlike structure of clusters provide less stable sites at the two ends thus ions are more mobile in those regions. We observed Grotthus like mechanism in our ionomer, in which the positive charge migrates within the string-like cluster without the cations actually moving. Kan-Ju Lin Pennsylvania State University Date submitted: 19 Nov 2010 Electronic form version 1.4


Using electron back-scattering pattern (EBSP), phase identification of iron oxides, tin oxides and Fe-Zn intermetallics was tried. Even in the case of samples having rough surface or of insulators, enough quality of EBSPs for phase identification was obtained with submicron spatial resolution by modifying the measurement and data processing procedure, and with easy sample preparation. Crystalline phases were identified comparing the experimentally obtained pattern and the calculated pattern using the crystal parameters. The samples were successfully identified, except for crystals giving similar diffraction patterns each other or not having enough crystallographic data. EBSP was shown to be a useful tool for phase identification of submicron sized area.


In article the approach to formation of the mathematical description of process of change of a condition of technical system with application of the theory of the information and the theory of accidents is offered.


approved: _____________________________________________________________________ Badege Bishaw ABSTRACT Faidherbia albida is a widely used tree species in sub-Saharan Africa, promoted for use in parkland agroforestry systems based on reduced competition with crops during the rainy season from its reverse leafing phenology and positive effect on soil fertility. Increases in growth and yield have been reported for crops such as maize, millet, and sorghum grown with F. albida. However, there have been no studies on F. albida and the crop Eragrostis tef (teff) in parklands, despite the prevalence of these agroforestry systems in Ethiopia. In the first part of this study, we used sap flow measurements to characterize water use of F. albida from the late-hot season to rainy season in 2014. Peak sap flow density and daily sap flow density were compared across three pollarded and three unpollarded trees to assess water use changes due to the typical management practice of pollarding by smallholder farmers. Pollarding severely reduced water use, while leaf shedding on one unpollarded tree lowered water use to levels close to that of pollarded trees. Lowest sap flow densities occurred at different times during the rainy season between pollarded and unpollarded groups of trees. In the second part of this study, we used measurements of shoot height, leaf area index, δC, and relative chlorophyll content of teff growing in plots associated with F. albida to characterize the impact of this important tree species on teff, the most widely grown crop in Ethiopia. F. albida negatively impacted shoot height and leaf area index of the teff in close proximity to trees, but had no effect on the teff's relative chlorophyll content. Leaf δC, however, decreased with distance from tree base, consistent with increased stress. Understanding tree water use and tree-crop interactions in these systems is needed so land owners can make educated management decisions that will minimize competition and maximize productivity.


The waste of sugar cane (bagasse) contains high cellulose that can be hydrolyzed to form glucose. This research used concentrated sulphate acid (H2SO4) as catalyst. The aim of this research are identifying the influence of temperature reaction for cellulose hydrolyzation from bagasse to glucose and determining the reaction rate constant of bagasse hydrolyzation. This research used 10 gram weight of raw material, stirrer speed 150 rpm, weight ratio of raw material and ripening volume 1:5, ripening time 120 minutes, and concentration acid 25%. The observe variable is hydrolyzation temperature reaction (70 - 115 0C). This research show that reaction rate constant depent temperature is k = 0,0114.e^-107.43/T.
Keywords: Bagasse, acid hydrolysis, arkenol.


Positive vessel remodeling (PR) and low-attenuation plaques (LAP) by computed tomography angiography (CTA) might be associated with plaque vulnerability. The purpose of this study was assessed the relationship between coronary plaques with PR and LAP by CTA and fibrous cap thickness estimated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in vivo. Methods: One hundred two coronary plaques in patients with coronary artery disease (unstable angina pectoris, n= 24; stable angina pectoris, n=78) were assessed by CTA and OCT. Plaque characteristics were divided into three groups; 2 feature-positive plaques (PR and LAP), 1 feature-positive plaques (PR or LAP), and 2 feature-negative plaques (Neither PR and LAP). PR was defined as a remodeling index > 1.05 and LAP was < 50 HU. Results: There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics among the three groups. There were significant differences among the groups classified by plaque characteristics with respect to the fibrous cap thickness estimated by OCT: ...


All global routing protocols use hierarchies to allow scaling to a world wide community while keeping the routing database size manageable. Databases of variable length prefixes are a powerful tool for providing this in a flexible manner, but require a Longest Prefix Matching algorithm. In this paper, we report a fundamentally new solution that is both algorithmically interesting and practical. Our scheme is based on doing binary search on hash tables organized by prefix lengths, and scales very well as address and routing table sizes increase: independent of the table size, it requires a worst case time of hash lookups. With the current Internet Protocol, which uses 32 bit addresses, at most 5 hash lookups are needed; for the upcoming 128 bit addresses of the next generation Internet Protocol (IPv6), 7 lookups suffice. Several refinements, including specializing the Binary Search with every match, considerably reduce the average number of hash search steps to less than 2. 1 The Lookup Problem Messages on the Internet are ferried by a system of automated post offices, called routers, that are interconnected by communication links. For each message received from any of its input links, the router decides which of its outgoing links it will forward this message to based on the destination address encoded in the packet. Because of the flexible hierarchies needed to avoid database size explosion, this forwarding decision cannot be done by a simple exact match but by Longest Prefix Matching. To keep up with faster links, each lookup should take a few hundred nanoseconds. Internet addresses are 32 bit strings, and each prefix length can be vary from 1 to 32 bits. Most current implementations are based on bitwise branching tries. Thus, each possible length is tested sequentially, requiring up to the number of address bits memory accesses; this is too slow for high-speed routers. 2 Binary Search on Prefix Lengths Instead of searching for prefixes one length at a time, the new scheme divides the problem in half at each stage. Instead of asking if the longest prefix is at length 1, length 2, etc. (the naive way), the new scheme does binary search on the set of possible prefix lengths. Suppose we could start by asking the question "Given our prefix database and the current message's destination address, does the longest prefix matching this address have a length in the range from ". If the answer is no, we know the answer must be in the range ! " ; so we can cut down the range further by asking whether the longest prefix length is in the range # " . If we continue in the same way, we will do binary search on prefix lengths and find the correct length prefix in time that is logarithmic in the address length. However, there are some pitfalls to be avoided. They can be demonstrated using a small database with U.S. destinations organized in Country.State.City format, containing the prefixes USA.* (which is stored in the length 1 table); USA.CA.* (length 2), and USA.MO.SL (length 3). First, suppose we get a packet destined for USA.CA.LA. We don't know which length the correct prefix has, so we start with the middle (length 2) database, extract the first 2 symbols and get a match with USA.CA.*. Thus, we can immediately discard the length 1 table (as we have already found a longer match) but we certainly need to search the length 3 table as it may have a longer match. This gives us a simple rule: we start by looking for a match (using say hashing) in the database corresponding to the middle length of our current set. If we get a match, we try lengths longer than the probe; if we do not, we try shorter prefixes, halving the range of prefix lengths with each step. To make this rule work in all cases (e.g. when searching for USA.MO.SL) we need to introduce a signpost at length 2. These are pseudo-prefixes, pointing the search routine towards the longer prefixes. Without this signpost (USA.MO.*), no match would be found at length 2, and shorter prefixes would be searched, missing the USA.MO.SL entry. Second, consider a search for the destination address USA.MO.KC. The new signpost in the length 2 table will lead us to length 3, where we won't get a match. The real longest prefix of USA.MO.KC is USA.* in the length 1 table. This problem can be solved without inefficient backtracking by storing a reference to the correct prefix with the signpost. Still, the final search procedure is simple and fast (extremely small constant factors).


Since 1960s,people have realized that beside free amino acids,small peptide also could be absorbed directly by animals.Beside the nutritional role,peptide has the functions of immunity,neurotransmitter,antioxidation and so on after absorbed.The research of peptide's nutrition in animal science,not only about the nutritional function to animals,but also about peptide's absorption and transportation,application in animal production has been summarized in this article.


maps embellished with fantastical beasts, sixteenth-century wonder chambers 1⁄2lled with natural and technological marvels, even late-twentieth-century supermarket tabloids–all attest to the human fascination with things that violate our basic ideas about reality. The study of morality and culture is therefore an intrinsically fascinating topic. People have created moralities as divergent as those of Nazis and Quakers, headhunters and Jains. And yet, when we look closely at the daily lives of people in divergent cultures, we can 1⁄2nd elements that arise in nearly all of them– for example, reciprocity, loyalty, respect for (some) authority, limits on physical harm, and regulation of eating and sexuality. What are we to make of this pattern of similarity within profound difference? Social scientists have traditionally taken two approaches. The empiricist approach posits that moral knowledge, moral beliefs, moral action, and all the other stuff of morality are learned in childhood. There is no moral faculty or moral anything else built into the human mind, although there may be some innate learning mechanisms that enable the acquisition of later knowledge. To the extent that there are similarities across cultures, they arise because all cultures face similar problems (e.g., how to divide power and resources, care for children, and resolve disputes) for which they have often developed similar solutions. The nativist approach, on the other hand, holds that knowledge about such issues as fairness, harm, and respect for authority has been built into the human mind by evolution. All children who are raised in a reasonable environment will come to develop these ideas, even if they are not taught by adults. To the extent that there are differences across cultures, they arise because of local variation in the implementation of universal moral


Objective To develop a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation by using crude Humulus pollen extract.Methods A total of 24 Balb/c mice were divided randomly into two groups: control group and asthma model group with 12 in each.After sensitization by intraperitoneal injection,the mice were challenged by intranasal instillation of crude Humulus pollen extract.The total cell number and eosinophile percentage of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) samples were determined.The lungs of mice were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to evaluate the degree of allergic inflammation.The cytokines in BALF and spleen homogenate were assayed by enzyme-linked immunoassay(ELISA).The total IgE in the serum was also measured by ELISA.Results Compared with the mice in normal control group,those in asthma group developed obvious allergic inflammation in the airways.Histological scoring for pulmonary inflammation significantly differed between normal group and asthma group(P0.01).The total cell number,eosinophile percentage and IL-4 in BALF,spleen weight,IL-4 in spleen homogenate,and IgE antibody in serum were all significantly increased in asthma group compared with those in normal group(P0.01).Conclusion Crude Humulus pollen extract can successfully induce a mouse model of allergic pulmonary inflammation.


Planar and channel optical waveguide structures formed on silicon substrates using the fabrication techniques of sputtering, thermal oxidation, and chemical vapor deposition are discussed. Losses in the various waveguide structures are reported and related to the fabrication procedure used. The use of polycrystalline silicon deposited by chemical vapor deposition onto any waveguide substrate to form integrated photodetector arrays is discussed. Laser recrystallization of the deposited silicon is used to allow fabrication of high quality devices. Measured values of photodiode reverse current of less than 10-9 A and breakdown voltages of 24 V are respectable values for small photodiodes incorporated into a dense array.


Summary:  Purpose: To develop and evaluate a new cortical activation mapping (CAM) method to obtain the neuronal activation sequences from the cortical potential distributions.


Various manual work tasks necessary to industrial manufacturing processes are difficult to automate – even today due to their complexity. This is particularly the case in assembling and dismantling operations, such as those used in the automotive or food processing industries, where material handling and heavy-goods lifting are typically carried out by shop-floor workers. This type of work entails severe risk of injury, resulting in low job productivity, high long-term dropout rates, and even disability. To overcome these challenges, a new project, called Robo-Mate, has been designed. The objective of Robo-Mate is to develop an intelligent, easy-to-manoeuvre, and wearable body exoskeleton for manual-handling work. The fundamental idea behind RoboMate is to enhance work conditions for load workers and facilitate repetitive lifting tasks, thereby reducing the incidence of work-place related injury and disease. As a consequence, productivity, flexibility and the quality of production will increase. Exoskeletons can readily be found in certain fields and their development to date has been mainly driven by military and medical applications. However, such models are illsuited for industrial use due to excessive weight or inadequate functionality, such as not being able to provide the lifting and/or manual handling support indispensable to industrial settings. Therefore, developing an exoskeleton specifically destined for use in industrial environments is crucial. The first steps in the project is to analyze the needs for an exoskeleton, to formulate a use case (to focus on in development), and then to come to a list of prioritized requirements to fulfill.


New insights into the formation mechanism of a polymerized mesophase (space group Im3m) and its derived order mesostructured carbon phase (denoted FDU-16) were evidenced by a slight modification of its synthesis conditions using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry (T2 spin–spin relaxation time), dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD), N2 physisorption (77 K), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The preparation of those materials is based on the self-assembly of a prepolymer (phenol-formaldehyde resin called resol) and a pyrolysable surfactant (Pluronic F127, PEO106PPO70PEO106). The former is the carbon precursor, and the latter is the pore structuring agent and also the porogen. The resol and the F127 solutions are usually mixed at room temperature before being heated at 65 °C to promote the polymerization of the resol into a polymerized mesophase that precipates. That phase is further carbonized into a mesostructured porous carbon. By a slight change of...


This paper addresses the role of the research question in social research. It outlines what is taken to be the conventional view in many methodological discussions, namely, that research questions guide decisions about research design and research methods. This position is taken to imply that social researchers typically take the view that research methods need to be tailored to the research questions that guide an investigation. The paper questions how far this position pertains to actual research practice. Drawing on interviews with researchers about their practices in relation to mixed‐method research, two discourses were found in the transcripts. A particularistic discourse that reflects the traditional view, whereby mixed‐method research is viewed as only appropriate when research questions warrant it, was uncovered. In addition, a universalistic discourse, which sees mixed‐method research as more generally superior, was also uncovered. The implications of these viewpoints for understanding the role of research questions are then discussed.


2,2-dichloropropionic acid are widely used as herbicide in agricultural sector.
2,2-dichloropropionic acid can cause environmental pollution and affect the human
health. Bacteria from cow dung able to degrade pollutant, furthermore it is cheap and
easily available rich source of microflora. This research was undertaken to isolate
and identify the bacteria isolated from cow dung that able to degrade 2,2-
dichloropropionic acid. Five isolated bacteria from cow dung which were strains S1,
S2, S3, S4 and S5 were grown in liquid minimal media containing 20 mM of 2,2-
dichloropropionic acid as the sole source of carbon and energy. Bacteria S1 showed
the fastest growth compared to other bacteria whereas bacteria S5 showed the
slowest growth. Therefore, bacteria S1 was used for further experiments. Bacteria S1
was grown in liquid minimal media containing different concentration of 2,2-
dichloropropionic acid such as 10 mM, 20 mM, 30 mM and 40mM. Then, the
bacteria S1 was further analyzed for Gram staining, spore staining, biochemical test
and 16S rRNA analysis. Degradation of 2,2-dichloropropionic acid was detected by
measuring the amount of chloride ion released in the liquid minimal media. Bacteria
S1 grew best in liquid minimal media containing 10 mM, followed by 20 mM and 30
mM of 2,2-dichloropropionic acid. Bacteria S1 that grew in 10 mM of 2,2-
dichloropropionic acid showed the least cell doubling time and highest absorbance
at A680nm. Result of Gram staining of bacteria S1 showed Gram positive bacteria with
the rod shape and purple colour of bacteria. The biochemical tests and 16S rRNA
analysis suggested that the bacteria S1 belong to Bacillus sp. As a conclusion,
Bacillus sp. was the best bacteria from cow dung that can degrade 2,2-
dichloropropionic acid. This research can contribute to decrease the halogenated
compound pollution.


Public health campaigns need pragmatic revolutionaries, people who can spot opportunities and use them to the benefit of individual and population health. Electronic cigarettes (or vapourizers), which have lately been receiving much attention, appear to offer such an opportunity. These are devices that deliver nicotine via a vapour that a can be inhaled much like a cigarette, but without the vast range of carcinogens and other toxins found in cigarette smoke. The market for these products has recently exploded in Canada, as it has in many other countries. Smokers in Canada can easily access such products over the Internet or from bricks-and-mortar 'vape shops', and social media and personal conversation is abuzz with advice and testimonials from smokers who have successfully used these products to replace cigarettes.


A stellar-mass black hole (BH) surrounded by a neutrino-dominated accretion flow (NDAF) has been discussed in a number of works as the central engine of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). It is widely believed that NDAF cannot liberate enough energy for bright GRBs. However, these works have been based on the assumption of a "no torque" boundary condition, which is invalid when the disk is magnetized. In this paper, we present both numerical and analytical solutions for NDAFs with non-zero boundary stresses and reexamine their properties. We find that an NDAF with such a boundary torque can be powerful enough to account for those bright short GRBs, energetic long GRBs, and ultra-long GRBs. The disk becomes viscously unstable, which makes it possible to interpret the variability of GRB prompt emission and the steep decay phase in the early X-ray afterglow. Finally, we study the gravitational waves radiated from a processing BH-NDAF. We find that the effects of the boundary torque on the strength of the gravitational waves can be ignored.


Literacy and Education are the two most important indicators of development of a nation. Higher levels of literacy and education act as a catalyst for cultural, economic, political and social development equipping people with freedom to develop their capacities to their fullest. Analyzing and investigating the strategy in a historical context with an open mind, the women in Srinagar emerged from the state of ignorance and poverty through literacy interventions. This resulted in effecting among the women a position of economic prosperity along with social rejuvenation. Therefore, literacy and education has been considered as an agent of basic change in the status of women in the world, state and also in the district of Srinagar. The present paper elucidates some aspects of impact of literacy on socio-economic conditions in terms of gender perspective in the course of which schooling leads to social and economic gains. Further, a proper understanding of the inter relationship between literacy and socio-economic development of women in Srinagar is constructed. This can help in improving the strategies to be developed to shape the perspectives and policies recommended for women.


The "woodstruck" (mukat ets) deed, a Hebrew document that officially records the accidental defloration of a young girl, appears in sixteenth-century Italy, in a block of deeds recorded by Jewish notaries in Rome, in a rabbinic responsum and in the record book of the Padua community. Prior to that, there is no record of such an instrument anywhere in Jewish history and literature, despite the fact that the frequency of accidental defloration must have been a constant. Moreover, the registers of the Jewish notaries of sixteenth-century Rome contain over a hundred such deeds for the sixteenth century alone. The appearance of the woodstruck deed seems to reflect the formalization and bureaucratization of Jewish life in the early modern era. An early sign of this development is the creation, in the fourteenth century, of a formal process of ordaining rabbis and granting them communal appointments. The early modern era also witnessed the emergence of new public institutions and the records of their regulations and activities. Henceforth public institutions, principally the Jewish community, intruded into the life of the individual, as details of his personal life and activities came into the public purview, and, theoretically at least, became subject to supervision and intervention. The woodstruck deed thus presents another example of the exposure of certain areas of daily life. This trend has been noted with regard to marriage and death. The woodstruck deed differs in that it represents the seizing of the initiative by the family, as it attempts to exploit the new public involvement in personal life to its advantage. Apart from the institutional context, the woodstruck deed offered parents a guarantee that their daughter's honor would not be impugned if on her wedding night her husband discovered that she was not a virgin. There was nothing to compel the family to publicize the incident or the document, unless on the morning after the wedding the groom complained that he had not found his wife to be a virgin. The woodstruck deed may imply, therefore, that parents had reason to suspect that their daughter might engage in premarital sex, which could lead to an unwelcome scandal. EMW Workshops EMW 2006


Medical college admission circular 2014 published, online application procedure for MBBS and BDS admission test 2014-2015 and fees 600/- Taka. Apply Now Medical Admission


Cow's milk protein allergy is an increasingly prevalent and more prolonged disease. Cow's milk protein allergy is the most common food allergy in infants with a prevalence of approximately 2% to 3%. It may develop even in exclusively breastfed infants. It can manifest through a wide variety of symptoms depending on whether the type of immune response is IgE or non-IgE mediated. Symptoms and signs related to cow's milk protein allergy may involve many different organ systems, mostly the skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Among the skin manifestations, urticaria and angioedema are likely the most common, followed by atopic dermatitis, pruritus, diffuse erythema and maculopapular rash. Cow's milk protein allergy is suspected clinically in a large number of children. An incorrect diagnostic workup often leads to unnecessary dietary restrictions that may affect growth and development of children. This article presents a practical approach for the diagnosis and management of suspected cow's milk protein allergy according to age and symptom severity.


The invention discloses a network payment method and a system thereof. The method comprises the following steps: a user selects goods through a shopping client, and the shopping client sends information to a center server; the center server generates an only identification code according to information sent by the corresponding shopping client, and sends the identification code to the corresponding shopping client; according to the only identification code, the user comes to a payment terminal to pay cost, and the payment terminal sends the only identification code to the center server for verification; after success of verification, an attribute representing whether pays or not in information corresponding to the only identification code is modified, and notification information is sent to the center server simultaneously. According to the method and the system in the invention, a payer can pay cost at a nearby convenience store, and great convenience is brought to the payer without Internet banking.


ABSTRACT Visualizing and understanding the underlying processes in short production run environments is not possible with standard Shewhart control charts. Administration of multiple charts, frequent setups and changeovers, and the truncated nature of data collection limit the effectiveness of standard statistical process control (SPC) approaches. This article introduces a process visualization approach by adapting short-run SPC and recommends new rules for interpretation.


Among the major issues facing utilities in today's competitive electricity market is the pressure to hold the line on rates and provide electricity with adequate quality and reliability. Utilities are increasingly recognizing that the level of supply reliability planned and designed into a system has to evolve away from levels determined basically on a technical framework using deterministic criteria, and toward a balance between minimizing costs and achieving a sustainable level of customer complaints. Assessment of the cost of maintaining a certain level of supply reliability or making incremental changes therein must include not only the utility's cost of providing such reliability and the potential revenue losses during outages, but also the interruption costs incurred by the affected customers during utility power outages. Such a cost-benefit analysis constitutes the focal point of the value-based reliability planning. Value-based reliability planning provides a rational and consistent framework for answering the fundamental economic question of how much reliability is adequate from the customer perspective and where a utility should spend its reliability dollars to optimize efficiency and satisfy customers' electricity requirements at the lowest cost. Costs to customers associated with varying levels of service reliability are significant factors that cannot be ignored. Explicit considerations of these customer interruption costs in developing supply reliability targets and in evaluating alternate proposals for network upgrade, maintenance, and system design must, therefore, be included in system planning and design process. The paper provides a brief overview of current deterministic planning practices in utility distribution system planning, and introduces a probabilistic customer value-based approach to alternate feed requirements planning for overhead distribution networks.


The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) entered into orbit about Mars on March 10, 2006. After a series of aerobraking and propulsive maneuvers, the spacecraft has been in its sun-synchronous primary science orbit since September 2006 performing both scientific and Mars programmatic support roles. In addition to MRO's scientific investigations of Mars, NASA has tasked MRO to provide reconnaissance of potential landing sites for ongoing and future Mars missions. This paper covers the mission design and analysis process to characterize MRO's landing site coverage capability for all global locations, with special focus on potential sites for future missions: Gale Crater, Mawrth Vallis, and Noachis Human Exploration Zone.


An example is given to explain the infl uence of the curriculum of information retrieval on college students.The time ta ken by the college students of Group A,B,C and D to retrieve the same documents are separately recorded.After a statistic analysis,the paper comes to the conclu sion that the curriculum of information retrieval has a great influence on the c ollege students'time in retrieving documents.


Objective Compare the concentrations of serum cystatin C between elderly people and young people and investigate the factors influencing serum cystatin C of elderly people.Materials and methods One hundreds health elderly people(aged from 61 to 102 years old) and 80 young people(aged from 20 to 59 years old) were recruited into this study.Serum cystatin C and creatinine were detected and past medical history of these people were carefully recorded at the same time.Results Serum cystatin C,creatinine and the ratio of complicated with hypertension,chronic coronary heart disease and diabetic mellius of health elderly people were much higer than those of young people;In elderly group,serum cystatin C positively correlated to serum creatinine and age.Serum cystatin C were significantly different among these three groups respectively(above 80 years old group,70-79 years old and 60-69 years old group).But serum creatine was not different among these three groups.Regression analysis showed the dependant factors influencing cystatin C was serum creatinine and age.Conclusions In elderly people,serum cystatin C were positively correlated creatinine and age.Serum cystatin could reflect the early and slight injure of renal function in health elderly people.


"So you see," said the zebra, addressing the crab, "here are people of real consequence, who know what they are talking about." "Then they know there's more waterin the world than there is land," asserted the crab, in a shrill, petulant voice. "Ladies and gentlemen, " said the zebra, "please pardon mypoorfriend, because he is ignorant and stupid, and does not understand...pray tell him that the world contains more land than water, and when he has heard yourjudgment I will carry him back and dump him into his pool, where I hope he will be more modest in thefuture." "But we cannot tell him that, " said Dorothy gravely, "because it would not be true." At this the crab began laughing in queer chuckles that reminded Dorothy of the way Billina the hen sometimes cackled. "I'm sorry I asked you to decide this question, " said the zebra, crossly. "So long as neither of us could prove we were right we quite enjoyed the dispute; but now I can never drink at that pool again without the soft-shell crab laughing at me."


This is a retrospective analysis of data in which we explored the association between energy expenditure (EE) and lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A total of 36 participants ( 20 males; forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of 48 ± 15% predicted) underwent measures of indirect calorimetry whilst performing five simple activities of daily living. Maximal voluntary ventilation was the only lung function parameter associated with EE. These data highlight the limited extent to which the FEV1 is related to the functional performance of patients with COPD.


Voltage sensitivity and thermal time constant are the importatnt parameters to describe the performance of an bolometer,and the size of thermal insulative structure is the initial factor to determine them.Based on the analytic method,the relationships of the two parameters varying with the structure size are analyzed and optimized to have a trade-off between the volatge sensitivity and thermal time constant.The performances are then confirmed by the simulation of Finite Element Method with ANSYS 8.0.These results provide reliable theory for the further investigation on the micro-bolometer device.


Abstract
 Density of adult Diadema antillarum was assessed on live coral patch reefs and dead Acropora cervicornis rubble patches next to Loggerhead Key, Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida, USA in June 2009. Mean density on live coral patch reefs (0.49 individuals m-2) was not statistically different from mean density on dead A. cervicornis rubble patches (0.30 individuals m-2), while the highest density on live coral patch reefs (1.39 individuals m-2) was twice that of dead A. cervicornis rubble patches (0.63 individuals m-2). A significant negative correlation was found between two-dimensional area and density of adult D. antillarum on live coral patch reefs, while no significant correlation was found between two-dimensional area and density of D. antillarum on dead A. cervicornis rubble patches. No significant correlation was found between rugosity and density of D. antillarum on dead A. cervicornis rubble patches. While adult densities are higher than after the mass mortality event of the 1980s, they have not recovered to pre-mass mortality levels. The ability of D. antillarum to occupy completely dead rubble may help in the long-term reestablishment of the species on live reefs by allowing it to utilize additional areas for possible spawning and juvenile recruitment.


The paper deals with the necessity to strengthen the resources construction of college reference room in the new era of network and the necessity to establish the digitalized resources security system for dissciplines and majors.Such problems as institutional issues,financial plight and lack of personnel are studied,and two management modes——branch library and reference room returning to the library,as well as the specific measures and ways to set up such a security system are proposed.This paper finally points out the development direction of the resources construction of college reference room in times of network,digitalization and modern literature information services.


Finger millet ( Eleusine corcana ) is a small millet and quick growing crop, particularly suited to a dry continental climate. Finger millet value added products enhances the bioavailability of nutrients, but also improves the overall nutritional quality of grains. Diversification of diet is necessary to overcome the nutritional situation in the country. The ragi value added products infested by the storage pests lead to the qualitative and quantitative losses to overcome this losses. So, the study was conducted to know the shelf-life of Hurrihittu against Sitophilus oryzae on different storage structure like cloth bag, polythene cover, mud container, glass container and steel container. It was observed that Hurrihittu stored in the cloth bag recorded maximum numbers of insects and Hurrihittu stored in glass container was free from infestation till 150 days and infestations was recorded at 180 days. Shelf-life of Hurrihittu in cloth bag was less, whereas, Hurrihittu stored in steel container showed longer shelf-life.


When developing for the web application and other platforms: expect X86 based, can developers learn from and avoid the mistakes made by developers stretching back previous computing era? Developers used different technology, different languages and produced different user interfaces from today's developers. Since year 2002, Department Of communication systems (DCS) in Lancaster University, UK has evaluated many distributed services project within the fields of e-learning, e-business and e-management. Those projects involved application design between various mobile devices: WinCE, Palm OS, Symbian and UIQ. DCS recognized that mobile service content developers may make the mistake again. This paper will address the problem from technical design and usability perspectives and concludes that these factors can be integrated through practiced solutions by evaluating ethos of design, resulting in a scenario that encompasses the needs of users


In this contribution, we propose a theoretical Josephson coupling for a superconducting system in the three-component time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau model. We study a system with three superconducting bands ψ 1, ψ 2, and ψ 3 in the superconducting condensate. The coupling between bands is of the form γ 12, γ 13 and γ 23, taking into account couplings of each of the bands with the other two. We show the mathematical development of the final form of the complete set of acopled non-linear time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau differential equations, considering the coupling between the three bands, also we show that this coupling imposes a phase difference between the different components of the superconducting order parameter.


Ischemic arid hetnor.1-hgic stroke ortlin;~rily occur in the setting of preexisting disease involving 1)lootl vessels 01the heart. With cerebral inf'arction the f0rrnation o C a thrombus is a fundamental ~~athopl~psiologic event, and with intracerel)ral o r subarachnoid hemort-hagc, hi lure of' hemostasis is fu~idaniental. Accordirigly, the relatively low incidence of' cer-ebrovascular disease in patients with serious hematologic disorders is surprising. Cere1m)vasc.ulatcomplicatiorls that do occur with some frequency will he discussed; better unclel-standing of such cornplicatioris c:ould provide clues as to lvhy strokes occur when they do in patients with o r rvithout hetn;~tologic tlisease.


some major interpretations of this crux. I shall direct attention to poetic practice and to a parallel in classical Greek literature. In light of these I shall examine the more convincing approaches. I hope to show that modern, enlightened scholarship needs to investigate the textus receptus (the &dquo;received&dquo; or generally accepted text) with the tools of comparative philology coupled with stylistic sensitivity and analogous contemporary sources. The phrase, tokha r2Tsi7f 'a hlv2fti, is generally rendered &dquo;its interior is inlaid with love&dquo; (Anchor Bible Song of Songs). This understanding is certainly in consonance with the theme of this book of love poems and also with the use to which the &dquo;palanquin&dquo; was apparently put. Another interpretation suggests that the word 'ahauah be


An adaptive minimum mean-square error (MMSE) array receiver based on the fuzzy-logic recursive least-squares (RLS) algorithm is developed for asynchronous DS-CDMA interference suppression in the presence of frequency-selective multipath fading. This receiver employs a fuzzy-logic control mechanism to perform the nonlinear mapping of the squared error and squared error variation, denoted by (,), into a forgetting factor. For the real-time applicability, a computationally efficient version of the proposed receiver is derived based on the least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm using the fuzzy-inference-controlled step-size. This receiver is capable of providing both fast convergence/tracking capability as well as small steady-state misadjustment as compared with conventional LMS- and RLS-based MMSE DS-CDMA receivers. Simulations show that the fuzzy-logic LMS and RLS algorithms outperform, respectively, other variable step-size LMS (VSS-LMS) and variable forgetting factor RLS (VFF-RLS) algorithms at least 3 dB and 1.5 dB in bit-error-rate (BER) for multipath fading channels.


The Surabaya City Government through the Social Service, formed the UPTD Kampung Anak Negeri, listed in Surabaya Mayor Regulation Number 119 of 2021 concerning the Formation and Organizational Structure of the Technical Implementation Unit for the Kampung Anak Negeri Service at the Surabaya City Social Service. The aim of the study was to analyze and find out the supporting and inhibiting factors for the performance of social service delivery institutions in fostering abandoned mentally retarded children at UPTD Kampung Anak Negeri Surabaya City. The method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. Theory uses guidelines in compiling performance reports, State Administration Institutions (LAN, 2018). The results of the research show that the (input) is adequate in terms of human resource needs, sources of budget allocations and policies or Standard Operating Procedures, but in ideal ratio, comparisons do not yet have a reference. (output) is already visible in the provision of skills. (outcome) has fulfilled physical and non-physical needs, but education has not been given and there is an increase in potential with the work of neglected mentally retarded children. (benefits) realizing independence in daily activities and long-term benefits, that is, if a mentally retarded child still has a family, they will be sent home. (positive impact) can be seen that there is an increase in enthusiasm for learning for neglected children with mental retardation, while the negative impact is that there are abandoned children with mental retardation who do not want to be reunified with their family.


This spark plug has a housing (10) containing a central electrode (30), a ground electrode (40) extending from the housing, a pellet (35) on the ground electrode opposite the central electrode to form a spark (50) gap, a bonding layer formed by fusion between the ground electrode and the wafer, the cross-sectional area at the tip of the pad opposite to the layer of junction is not less than 0, 12 mm 2 or more than 1 15 mm 2 and the bonding layer having a length between the end surface and the tip surface of not less than 0, 3 mm or greater than 1, 5 mm, the bonding layer having a rounded conical exterior surface in a sectional plane passing through an axis of the pastille.Application particular to spark plugs for automotive vehicles.


AbstractLevomepromazine has been used as an adjunct to standard sedative therapies in mechanically ventilated ICU patients, despite a relative lack of safety data. This addition could increase the risk of cholestasis, a side effect common among phenothiazines. The aim of our study was to assess whether the addition of an infusion of levomepromazine to midazolam increases the risk of cholestasis. The index group was retrospectively defined by patients with an infusion of levomepromazine in addition to infusion of midazolam. The control group was retrospectively defined by patients with infusion of midazolam alone. Liver function tests were retrieved from patient data records. Exclusion criteria were serum AP, GGT, ALAT levels more than a 2-fold increase of the upper limit of normal value (ULN), on the first day of therapy. Drug-induced cholestatic liver injury was defined as more than a 2-fold increase from baseline of the ULN of alkaline phosphatase. No statistically significant differences were found for...


This paper explores a new technique called coherence decoupling, which breaks a traditional cache coherence protocol into two protocols: a Speculative Cache Lookup (SCL) protocol and a safe, backing coherence protocol. The SCL protocol produces a speculative load value, typically from an invalid cache line, permitting the processor to compute with incoherent data. In parallel, the coherence protocol obtains the necessary coherence permissions and the correct value. Eventually, the speculative use of the incoherent data can be verified against the coherent data. Thus, coherence decoupling can greatly reduce --- if not eliminate --- the effects of false sharing. Furthermore, coherence decoupling can also reduce latencies incurred by true sharing. SCL protocols reduce those latencies by speculatively writing updates into invalid lines, thereby increasing the accuracy of speculation, without complicating the simple, underlying coherence protocol that guarantees correctness.The performance benefits of coherence decoupling are evaluated using a full-system simulator and a mix of commercial and scientific benchmarks. Our results show that 40% to 90% of all coherence misses can be speculated correctly, and therefore their latencies partially or fully hidden. This capability results in performance improvements ranging from 3% to over 16%, in most cases where the latencies of coherence misses have an effect on performance.


to linguistic analysis to identify and categorize aggressive behaviours. It is noted that the context and perception are particularly important because although various linguistic items exist to help discover meaning, '[a] user's intentions, however, are not always easy to gauge (by participants as well as researchers)' (p. 179). While Tagg concludes that applied linguistics cannot fully explain why users bully and harass each other online, she reassures us 'that aggression is not the norm online' (p. 183). Thus, while antisocial behaviour 'stands out', many studies have recognized the frequency of collaboration, community, and politeness. Section C begins the 'Theory' section of the book. Here, Tagg primarily turns to theoretical ideas to expand on the empirical research of Sections A and B. For example, 'Multiliteracies' (Chapter 17) refers to the research about literacy and spelling discussed in Chapter 2. Similarly, the following chapter adds to codeswitching and 'translanguaging' (from Chapter 12), and heteroglossia. The second half of Section C follows this trend by, for example, discussing the concerns that have been raised about the distortion or concealment of users' identities (p. 221) which first appeared in Section B, Chapter 13. The rest of the section re-examines 'communities' from a sociolinguistic theory perspective (Chapter 21), and discusses virtual communities as 'personalised networks' and 'online affinity spaces'. The section ends rather abruptly on the note that 'online community is about what community has always been about – seeking people out, making connections and showing allegiances' (p. 238); digital technology has only changed the resources and ways that connections can be made. Overall, the entire section primarily reads as a somewhat confusing addendum to Sections A and B, where readers may need to flip back to Section A to make solid connections. While the structure of the textbook is at times confusing, Tagg accomplishes her aim to provide readers with the tools to make informed decisions about digital communication, and provides a valuable textbook for students and university instructors, and even for scholars looking to refresh their knowledge about the subject. Furthermore, it provides a generous glossary of terms, a list of 'Further Reading' that engages with relevant scholarship, and practical tasks to help students engage with the subject on a deeper level. Thus, she should be easily accessible to scholars both inside and outside of the discipline because the book does not presume a background in English language, applied linguistics, or language and new media. The theoretical and practical insights, range of topics in relation to language and society, and tasks come together to ensure a thorough textbook well-suited to many.


In order for agriculture to move from an unsustainable reliance on broad-spectrum chemical pesticides to a more sustainable future, we need make a transition to a 'total system' approach. Agricultural pest problems need to be considered beyond the crop boundary, and we need to understand the role of the landscape matrix for the suppression of pests in crops as well as providing other ecosystem services, such as pollination. We combine field-based survey data with a spatially-explicit simulation model to assess the benefits of integrated pest management strategies at the landscape scale. We explore the features of pest suppressive landscapes for a native insect pest in Australia, the Rutherglen Bug (Nysius vinitor). The model is designed to explore spatially the effects of environmental drivers including temperature, habitat type and habitat quality, on the population dynamics and dispersal of the bug. This drives its landscape pest status for a given season and location. We present scenarios evaluating pest control benefits that are likely to be achieved from managing native remnants by weed removal at multiple spatial scales. Our results indicate that the spatial location of weedy pasture in relation to the crop appears to be highly important in determining the density of N. vinitor within the crop (outweighing the effect of the overall proportion of weedy non-crop habitat in the landscape), and this warrants further exploration. Our approach as illustrated in this paper, using models combined with field data to explore Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies and design pest suppressive landscapes, will allow farmers to optimize multiple ecosystem service benefits by i) understanding both the hazards and benefits of non-crop vegetation in the landscape ii) providing a tool to help plan the extent and location of re-vegetation plantings. This work has potential to influence agricultural land use policy in Australia, with further work planned to model the implications of landscape change and non-crop habitat management strategies for multiple ecosystem services.


The energy optimal control problem with free terminal states constraint for autonomous vehicles formation configuration problem is studied.In order to minimize the energy consumption in formation configuration through choosing reasonable terminal state,the optimal control model with free terminal states constraint for multi vehicles is built on the basis of quadratic programming model for single vehicle energy optimal control problem.The incremental subgradients based decentralized optimization method is proposed.In this scheme,each vehicle only plans its own trajectory,and updates the desired states based on subgradients information.By means of mutual negotiation between vehicles,the terminal states which minimize the energy consumption of whole formation is obtained.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach proposed.


Probably the outstanding feature of the literature on the early bacteriology of infantile diarrhea is the consistent indication of the diverse etiology of this disease. The more recent recognition of the enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and its causal relationship to certain outbreaks of infantile diarrhea, adequately presented elsewhere in this monograph, has added still another bacterial species to the already long list of possible incitants of this clinical entity. The probability that one or more viral agents may also have to be included in the near future is indicated by other studies published in this monograph. Time does not permit even a listing of the variety of bacterial species incriminated, at one time or another, as the cause of diarrhea in infants. It should be sufficient to note that members of such divergent genera as Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, and Staphylococcus, as well as various types of enterococci, have been reported in sporadic or epidemic outbreaks. Prior to 1945, however, the agents most frequently reported, aside from the classical Salvzonella and Shigella, were Paracolobactrurn and Proteus. The purpose of this presentation is to attempt to evaluate the role of these two groups in infantile diarrhea. The major obstacle encountered is the lack of any clear-cut demonstration of pathogenicity by these organisms for the gastrointestinal tract of the newborn. The alternative is to consider the evidence that has accumulated, almost since the original identification of these organisms, in the form of clinical, bacteriological, and epidemiological observations linking Paracolobactrurn and Proteus to outbreaks of infantile diarrhea. This is made difficult, especially in some of the early reports on Paracolobactrum, by the problems of classification. In addition, the knowledge that methods for the identification of the enteropathogenic strains of E. coli were not available makes it obvious that the investigations of the bacteriology of some of these reports could not have been complete and thus, to some extent, questions their validity. The latter problem is exemplified by the experience reported by Neter' in 1952 with stools obtained from two outbreaks of infantile diarrhea that had occurred in upper New York State in 1947. Previously, cultures of these stools had produced no evidence of the presence of any known pathogenic enteric bacteria, and attempts to isolate a virus, carried out in the laboratories of the New York State Health Department in Albany, N. Y., were unsuccessful. Fortunately, fecal samples had been frozen and, five years later, cultures of E. coli, 0111 were obtained from five of the seven samples. Almost from the time of their first recognition, so-called "paracolon" bacilli have been associated with infantile diarrhea, and although exact identification by the methods employed in early reports is impossible, there is little doubt that these refer to Paracolobactrum. There is also little doubt as to the authors' conclusions as to the etiologic roles of these agents in the disease. Thus, as far back as 1893, paracolon bacilli were described by Gilbert and Lion2 in Eng-


Foreign object damage is a significant cause of failure in gas turbine engines. The paper describes a methodology for probabilistic estimation of real compressor blades durability to foreign object damage. The methodology is based on numerical and experimental modeling of blade damage, experimental and computational procedure for assessment the fatigue strength loss of the damaged blades using minimum fatigue tests, failure probability calculation. The methodology may be used for evaluation the efficiency of durability rising procedures.


This paper focuses on a class of binary orthogonal optimization problems frequently arising in semantic hashing. Consider that this class of problems may have an empty feasible set, rendering them not well-defined. We introduce an equivalent model involving a restricted Stiefel manifold and a matrix box set, and then investigate its penalty problems induced by the $\ell_1$-distance from the box set and its Moreau envelope. The two penalty problems are always well-defined, and moreover, they serve as the global exact penalties provided that the original model is well-defined. Notably, the penalty problem induced by the Moreau envelope is a smooth optimization over an embedded submanifold with a favorable structure. We develop a retraction-based nonmonotone line-search Riemannian gradient method to address this penalty problem to achieve a desirable solution for the original binary orthogonal problems. Finally, the proposed method is applied to supervised and unsupervised hashing tasks and is compared with several popular methods on the MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets. The numerical comparisons reveal that our algorithm is significantly superior to other solvers in terms of feasibility violation, and it is comparable even superior to others in terms of evaluation metrics related to the Hamming distance.


On February 21, 2006, the National Academy of Engineering recognized the achievements of the Learning Factory with the Bernard M. Gordon Prize for Innovation in Engineering and Technology Education. The co‐founders were commended "for creating the Learning Factory, where multidisciplinary student teams develop engineering leadership skills by working with industry to solve real‐world problems." This paper describes the origins, motivation, philosophy, and implementation of the Learning Factory.


Aspergillus flavus is an ubiquitous fungus know to invade a variety of agricultural and food commodities and produce a group of toxic metabolites know as aflatoxins, which are highly carcinogenic. Only a few strains are toxin producing and groundnut is said to be one of the best substrates for aflatoxin production. This fungus may invade groundnut pods while developing in the soil or after the harvest and subsequent storage


Economic growth and development is regarded as the solution of all global problems faced by the human race in their day to day relations. Further, if the growth is skewed or in other words unbalanced than may not sustain forever as some segments of society and economy are ignored as a consequence. More market friendly policies have excluded many sections of the populations and at the very same time pro-inclusive growth advocacy, e.g. the N.G. Os; also exclude some people. (Chakravarty, 1989)(Mahendra Dev, 2011) Before Independence Agriculture was main occupation in India. People believe in traditional agriculture and are using those natural ways of cultivation. Those days, cattle's were used for ploughing the fields. Farmers used manual ploughing method, and natural manure for better fertility of crop. Thus whatever they earn out of it is sufficient for them. But with the advancements in technology, numbers of new techniques were started to be implemented in agriculture to increase the productivity. For all these, money is required, which the people in the sector lack. Hence, they opt for loan, and inability to repay the same ultimately leads to suicides. As per the recent updates, farmer suicides account for 11.2% of all suicides in India, as per the NCRB sources. (National Crime Record Bureau, 2014–2015) In a humble attempt, it has been outlined as to how and why the incidents of farmers' suicides are happening in India and suggests that there exist policy-paralysis which corresponds to financial-system failure in attaining the goals for which such institutions formed. Agrarian changes having considerably lowered the level of economic achievements of farmers', as in this study it has been argued logically and factually; that the major cause of farmers' suicides is inability of the proper management and post lending assistance enabling the farmers to repay the loans. The objective of study is to find out the root cause of farm suicides in India. For which study has been done on secondary data taken from some reliable Government data portals. Analysis is based on various variables, sourced as secondary data, and observed that that heavy indebt ness is the root main cause of farm suicides in India, therefore, a comprehensive action and policy reframing necessary at Government and other agencies level.


The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a sintered iron strontium oxide permanent magnetic material, comprising the following steps of: preparing materials, wherein raw materials comprise 84.4-87.05 percent of Fe2O3 with purity higher than 99 percent and 12.95-15.60 percent of SrCO3 with the purity higher than 97 percent, as well as 0.05-0.4 percent of industrial pure silicon dioxide and 0.05-0.3 percent of industrial pure alumina or chromic oxide relative to the total charge weight, and the raw materials are powdery with the particle mean size smaller than 1 micron; and carrying out the steps of strong dry-type mixing, continuous dry-type sanding, palletizing, screening and sintering on the prepared powdery materials to obtain the sintered iron strontium oxide permanent magnetic material. The manufacturing method of the invention can ensure that various raw materials are uniformly mixed, refined and closely contacted so that the sintered iron strontium oxide permanent magnetic material with higher property can be obtained, and can ensure that material pellets are smaller in sphere diameter and narrower in dimensional range so that the sintering time is shortened, the production efficiency is improved and the energy consumption is reduced, and moreover, the manufacturing method is simple in process and has no pollution to the environment.


The conformation of the natural peptide threonine6 (Thr6)‐bradykinin, Arg1‐Pro2‐Pro3‐Gly4‐Phe5‐Thr6‐Pro7‐Phe8‐Arg9, was investigated in DMSO by nmr spectroscopy and computer simulations. The structural analysis of the Thr6‐peptide is made particularly interesting by the fact that despite the high sequence homology with native bradykinin (only one conservative substitution: Ser6/Thr6) there is a marked and significant difference in the biological profiles of the two peptides.


Flow characteristics about slender axisymmetric bodies of revolution at high angles of attack in the high subsonic and transonic speed range are poorly understood. This may be ascribed to several extremely complex interactions involving inviscid mixed subsonic and supersonic flows, viscous attached and separated boundary-layer flow, and the resulting vortex flow. It was reported in Ref. 1 that at high subsonic and transonic flows and at angles of attack above 20°, with zero side-slip, ogive-cylinder bodies of revolution exhibited rather large steady side forces. The direction and magnitude of these side forces were unpredictable. Pressure distribution measurements and schlieren photographs in Ref. 2 indicated that an unsymmetric vortex buildup was causing these forces. In spite of reported failures in various research programs due to unexpected side forces, no systematic data exist which deal with physical causes or effects. Consequently, the objective of the present investigation was to obtain systematic information about the effects of Mach number, nose geometry, angle of attack, and boundary layer conditions on the measured side forces. The experiments were conducted in the NSRDC 18-in. indraft tunnel using a slotted test section. Unit Reynolds numbers varied between 2.7 x 10/ft and 4.3 x 10/ft for the speed range of M = 0.5-M=1.1 (0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.1). Tangent ogive noses of fineness ratios (F.R.) 2, 3, and 4 were tested with bluntness ratios (B.R.) of 0 to 50% (100 nose tip radius/base radius) using a cylindrical afterbody of 1.1 in. base diameter and 8.688 in. length. Schematic diagram of the tested configurations are shown in Fig. 1. Aerodynamic forces were obtained by a six component internal balance. Schlieren photography and oil flow techniques provided both external and surface flow visualization. At several speeds, roll angles were changed from 0-90° and 180° to check the flow sensitivity to small geometric changes. At M = 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9, both laminar and turbulent boundary layers were examined. Turbulent boundary layers were generated by a i in. wide strip of No. 54 Grit placed from the nose to the base of the models along the windward meridian. The flow model which can be reconstructed from the schlieren photographs, oil flow experiments and aerodynamic


This study explored the use of reflective journals with a group of students majoring in English at the University of Los Andes Tachira. The students were required to watch television in English to improve their communicative competence in the target language and to develop strategies that helped them regulate and monitor their learning process. The purpose of the study was to encourage the participants to reflect upon the use of TV and the application of cognitive and metacognitive strategies to promote autonomous learning. The results suggest that having students watch TV and write journals upon the activity is an effective way to foster autonomous learners, enhance the communicative competence in English, and develop cognitive and metacognitive strategies that help autorregulate learning.


We investigated the association between blood bcl-2 protein and the occurrence of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), bcl-2 being an anti-apoptotic protein incriminated in cancer. Blood specimens were collected from 28 patients with AML, either de novo or following myelodysplastic syndrome, and from 25 healthy unrelated controls. In some specimens, the pro-apoptotic p53 protein and oligonucleosomes were also determined. In controls, bcl-2 was at 90.6 ± 27.8 U/ml, whereas p53 was detected in only 72 % of the specimens (0.15 ± 0.17 ng/ml); bcl-2 and p53 levels were inversely correlated. Oligonucleosomes were detected in all the controls but at low level and with no correlation to bcl-2 or p53. Bcl-2 level was higher in AML patients than in controls and some more increased in patients with de novo AML than in patients with secondary AML. In overall patients, bcl-2 correlated to lactico-dehydrogenase and to blood leukocytes, but weakly to blasts, and not to caryotype, cd-34 antigen and mdr-1 genotype. p53 was detected in only one patient with AML and oligonucleosomes were higher in patients than in controls. Studied on 12 patients without cytogenetic poor prognosis, bcl-2 level correlated to bad outcome. These data suggest that blasts that over express bcl-2 are resistant to apoptosis, defining this protein as a factor of bad prognosis in AML. Moreover, the determination of normal ranges for bcl-2 protein may be instrumental in the study of various diseases where apoptosis is enhanced, disrupted or delayed. Keywords: bcl-2; acute myeloid leukaemia; apoptosis; myelodysplastic syndrome; p53. Nous avons recherche la relation entre la proteine bcl-2 dans le sang et l'existence d'une leucemie myeloide aigue (LMA), bcl-2 etant une proteine anti-apoptotique incriminee dans le cancer. Des echantillons sanguins ont ete preleves chez 28 patients presentant une LMA, soit de novo soit a la suite d'un syndrome myelodysplasique, et chez 25 controles sains non relies. Dans quelques echantillons, la proteine p53 proapoptotique et les oligonucleosomes ont aussi ete mesures. Chez les controles, bcl-2 etait de 90,6 ± 27,8 U/ml, alors que p53 n'a ete detectee que dans 72 % des echantillons (0,15 ± 0,17 ng/ml); bcl-2 et p53 etaient inversement correlees. Les oligonucleosomes ont ete detectes dans tous les echantillons controles mais a un niveau faible et sans correlation a bcl-2 ni p53. Le niveau de bcl-2 etait plus eleve chez les patients avec LAM que chez les controles, et meme plus eleve chez les patients avec une LAM de novo que chez ceux avec une LMA secondaire. Chez l'ensemble des patients, bcl-2 etait correlee a la lactate-deshydrogenase et aux leucocytes sanguins, mais plus faiblement aux blastes, et pas du tout au caryotype, a l'antigene cd-40 et au genotype mdr-1. p53 n'a ete detectee que chez un patient avec LAM et les oligonucleosomes etaient plus eleves chez les patients que chez les controles. Etudiee chez 12 patients sans mauvais pronostic cytogenetique, le niveau de bcl-2 etait correle a un mauvais denouement. Ces resultats suggerent que les blastes qui sur-expriment bcl-2 sont devenus resistants a l'apoptose, qualifiant cette proteine de facteur de mauvais pronostic dans la LAM. De plus, la determination des valeurs normales de la proteine bcl-2 pourrait etre utile aux etudes portant sur diverses maladies ou l'apoptose est soit augmentee, soit diminuee ou encore differee. Mots cles: proteine bcl-2; leucemie myeloide aigue; apoptose; syndrome de myelodysplastique;proteine p53.


Based on the similarity ratios of simulated model to the prototype in elastic and plastoelastic stages, the loading behaviors of the simulated model are back analyzed to the prototype for the reinforced aqueduct with multi-longitudinal beams. Utilizing the three dimensional nonlinear finite element method, the bearing properties of the prototype reinforced concrete aqueduct are calculated under gravity load, water loads at design level and checking level. The calculation results are compared with the back analysis. The accuracy of the simulated model is demonstrated including the cracking load, stresses of longitudinal-horizontal beams and the side wall, the aqueduct vertical displacements and support counter-forces. The simulated model can be used to evaluate the normal service behaviors of the prototype aqueduct after back analysis.


Imbalanced food intake contributes to various diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart disease, and type-2 diabetes. At the same time, food intake monitoring systems play a significant role in the treatment. Most current food intake tracking methods are camera-based, on-body sensor-based, microphone based, and self-reported. The challenges that remain are social acceptance, lightweight, easy to use, and inexpensive. Our method leverages two 6-axe Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) on the glasses' leg and the wrist to detect the user's food intake activities using a machine learning capable Micro Controller Unit (MCU). We introduced the concept of the first bite/chew, which is a stable and reliable indicator to distinguish food types. Our implementation results show that our method can distinguish seven kinds of food at an accuracy of 93.26% (average) over all four participants.


The highest civilization seems to its votaries to be bankrupt and ruined, save as it leads to spiritual results; and, on the other hand, religion is ever revealing the fact that there is no normal life of the spirit, save that whose field is human society and whose issue is the uplifting and purifying of the world in which we live. That religion and civilization are mutually supplementary is the substance of an interesting article entitled "The Relation of Missions and Civilization" by E. C. Moore in the International Review of Missions (July, 1915). The writer believes the development of humanity to be due to the interaction of two motives: one is that the inner life of the individual, if only those individuals are sufficiently numerous and that life sufficiently intense, is adequate to solve the world's needs; the other is the emphasis of certain vast outward achievements in civilization. In the history of mission expansion there are three great periods, the first lasting until the sixth century, the second from the sixth century to the Reformation, and the third from the Reformation on. The first half of the first two periods was occupied with mission expansion, but during an equal part of each of these periods expansion was retarded while Christianity took time to become naturalized among the peoples to whom it had been carried, and while the civilization of these peoples assimilated Christianity. Throughout the first era the notion that religion and civilization were irreconcilable was assumed to be axiomatic. But in spite of this Christianity worked amazing transformations in ancient civilization, and likewise the Greco-Roman world caused Christianity to adjust itself to the new life. In the second period of expansion the emissaries of Christianity were priests and monks who were characterized by other-worldliness, yet they proved to be almost as diligent in inculcating the principles of their superior civilization as they were in teaching the gospel. Learning, agriculture, care for orphans, and art owed much to these Christian emissaries. But in this period civilization and religion became united and thus deprived themselves of the help they would otherwise have found in independent interaction. The last period of mission expansion has been closely connected with the great move of sentiment on behalf of humanity, as is evidenced by the continuous pressure upon the administration of the East India Company in India and the slave trade in Africa. At last it is dawning upon the Christian consciousness that mission expansion and civilization are mutually interrelated, and now we do not expect to see Christianity move and live among the nations of the Orient unmodified by either the faith or civilization of these people. On the other hand, our Christian nations are sure to experience in the future a reaction from our mission expansion such as will demand our own civilization to become Chris-


"True financial success is built on vision, planning, and teamwork, not on an overriding concern for the bottom line," says this successful CEO.


The purpose of the article is to trace the intellectual history of the new postcolonial discipline of African psychology. African psychology as currently conceptualized in universities in the South and other regions of Africa is a proud heir to a vast heritage of sound and extensive intellectual traditions and psychological scholarship on Africa and its peoples found scattered in the multiple disciplines of the humanities (anthropology, archaeology, literature, philosophy, religion, etc.). Even before and after the critical evolution that led to the emergence of African psychology as a new discipline situated in the departments of psychology in some forward-thinking African universities, the different fields of the humanities offered legitimate research and writings on the nature of the life of the mind and culture in pre- and postcolonial Africa. The article reviews the variety and changing psychological themes that occupied the attention of the African and Western humanists and intellectuals within and outside Africa.
 However, the great limitation of all psychological research and writings which constitute psychological humanities is that they could not and, indeed, are not meant to replace the legitimate role being played by African psychology as a fledgling postcolonial discipline and center of thought and scholarship. This fledgling discipline came into being to argue against and partner with Western psychology and the black psychology popularized in North America, with a view toward the enrichment of both Western and black psychological knowledge with new perspectives for understanding the psychology of Africans in continental Africa. The purpose of the article is to elaborate on these issues.


Since 2018, big data kill cooked has become the most important public topic in the Internet industry. The practice of big data kill cooked not only deviates from the most basic business ethics and violates the principle of good faith management, but also deprives consumers of the right to know and the right to choose. It seriously damages the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. The most important choice of policy tools for governance is that supervision should be in place, laws should be strengthened, and rigid laws and regulations should be used to severely punish it. Meanwhile, joint efforts should be made to strengthen social supervision, enterprise self-discipline and personal prevention. Keywords—Big data; Kill cooked; Policy tools


The field research were carried out in 2021–2022, in Mariza sugar beet cultivar. The aim of the study was to develop an alternative weed control program without lenacil. The tested mixtures containing metamitron, ethofumesate, triflusulfuron-methyl, clopyralid, dimethanamid-P and quinomerac, used in various combinations together with the Atpolan BIO 80 EC Premium adjuvant, effectively controlled Chenopodium album up to phase 1 of the true leaf pair (BBCH 11). The absence of ethofumesate in the composition of mixtures or the use of metamitron (1050 g/ha) with triflusulfuron-methyl (15 g/ha) results in a deterioration in the effectiveness of combating Ch. album indencisive results. The addition of dimethanamide-P and quinomerac to the mixture of metamitron, ethofumesate and clopyralid gave inconclusive results. Depending on the year of the study, comparable control efficiency was obtained, oscillating in the range of the mixture of metamitron with ethofumesate, or a negligible improvement. The conducted research proved that the withdrawal of lenacil affect the deterioration of the effectiveness of combating Ch. album.


Compared to the general population, science trainees experience significant challenges and stressors that increase negative mental health outcomes. With COVID-19, the stressors of social distancing, isolation, truncated lab time, and uncertainty about the future have all likely exacerbated the effect. Now, more than ever, practical and effective interventions are vitally needed to address the core causes of science trainee stress and to increase resilience amongst trainee populations. This paper discusses a new resilience program targeted to biomedical trainees and scientists - Becoming a Resilient Scientist Series (BRS), a 5-part workshop coupled with facilitated group discussions dedicated to increasing resilience, specifically focusing on academic and research environments. Results show that BRS increases trainee resilience (primary outcome), with reductions in perceived stress, anxiety, and work presenteeism, and increases in ability to shift and persist, self-awareness, and self-efficacy (secondary outcomes). Furthermore, participants in the program reported high level of satisfaction, would highly recommend the program to others, and perceived positive changes in their resilience skills. To our knowledge, this is the first resilience program explicitly targeted for biomedical trainees and scientists, catering to the unique professional culture and environment in which these individuals work.


Scene understanding of aerial imagery is essential for proper emergency response during catastrophic events such as hurricanes, earthquakes, and floods. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) capture aerial images and analyze the context by passing images into a semantic segmentation model for monitoring damaged areas. However, the state-of-the-art semantic segmentation models are mainly trained and evaluated on ground-based datasets such as Cityscapes, MS-COCO, and CamVid, unsuitable for aerial image segmentations. For example, extracted features from objects in aerial perspective are distinct from objects on the ground view. Hence, neural networks cannot properly segment an aerial scene, especially on deformed or damaged objects during disasters. This research analyzes current semantic segmentation models to explore the feasibility of applying these models for emergency response during catastrophic events. We compare the performance of real-time semantic segmentation models with non-real-time counterparts constrained by aerial images under adversarial settings. Furthermore, we train several models on the FloodNet dataset, containing UAV images captured after Hurricane Harvey, and benchmark their execution on special classes such as flooded-buildings vs. non-flooded buildings or flooded-roads vs. non-flooded roads. In this research, real-time UNet-MobileNetV3 yields 59.3% test mIoU while non-real-time PSPNet [1] attains 79.7% test mIoU on the FloodNet, demonstrating the trade-off between accuracy and efficiency in the segmentation models.


A three-good, stochastic intertemporal equilibrium model of a small open economy is used to examine the link between terms of trade and business cycles. Equilibrium co-movements of model economies representing industrial and developing countries are computed and compared with the stylized facts of 30 countries. The results show that terms-of-trade shocks account for half of observed output variability and that the model mimics the Harberger-Laursen-Metzler effect and produces large deviations from purchasing power parity. The elasticity of substitution between tradable and nontradable goods and the persistence of the shocks play a key role in producing these results.


The problem of the clinical course and principles of treatment of the new coronovirus infection Covid-19 has been the most discussed for two years. The disease can occur as an asymptomatic carriage, latent course, and severe forms with damage to the lungs, cardiovascular, circulatory and nervous systems, urogenital and gastrointestinal tracts.  Numerous studies of Covid-19 have made it possible to study in detail the pathogenesis and apply effective methods of treatment using monoclonal antibodies to cytokines and their receptors, Janus-kinase inhibitors, convalescent plasma, etc. At the same time, reliable prognostic criteria that determine the characteristics of the course and the outcome of the disease has not been established. The features of the clinical course of a new coronavirus infection in patients with rare comorbid pathology (genetic diseases, a history of organ and tissue transplantation, paraneoplastic processes) are also of scientific and practical interest. With this in mind, the article presents clinical cases of a new coronavirus infection Covid-19 in identical twins.Patients A. and С., 39 years old, were admitted to the Regional Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital with complaints of fever up to 37.5-37.80C, dry cough, shortness of breath at rest, weakness. Both patients fell ill at the same time, on the fourth day after contact with their father, who was diagnosed with Covid-19 coronavirus infection, confirmed by a PCR test. Upon admission, the patients were clinically diagnosed with Covid-19 coronavirus infection, a confirmed moderate form. Bilateral polysegmental pneumonia of moderate severity. Respiratory failure I degree.Despite the same history data, the course of Covid-19 coronavirus infection in identical twins was significantly different. Patient A. had lymphocytosis up to 46% in the blood, ESR acceleration up to 12 mm/h, CRP increase up to 5 mg/ml, ferritin up to 333 ng/ml, interleukin-6 up to 7.5 pg/ml, D-dimer up to 560 ng/ml. Unlike patient A., his twin brother (patient C.) had lymphopenia up to 16%, accelerated ESR up to 20 mm/h, a significant increase in CRP up to 10 mg/mg, interleukin-6 up to 9.5 pg/ml , D-dimer - up to 750 ng/ml Patient A.'s condition remained stable. Against the background of the ongoing treatment, already on the fourth day of treatment, a pronounced positive trend was noted, on the 13th day of treatment, the patient was discharged from the hospital in a satisfactory condition under the supervision of a doctor at the place of residence.The condition of the patient С. on the 3rd day of hospitalization deteriorated sharply. Considering the decrease in SpO2 level to 88%, the lesion of the lung parenchyma is more than 70%, the council of doctors decided to conduct non-invasive oxygen therapy, the patient, in addition to the treatment, was prescribed antibacterial drugs, a drug of monoclonal antibodies to interleukin-6 and a selective reversible an inhibitor of Janus-kinases 1 and 2. On the 16th day of treatment, a CT scan of the chest organs was performed in dynamics, where a decrease in lung damage was noted, and a positive trend was also noted in laboratory parameters. Subjectively, the patient showed an improvement in well-being. During the next two days, the patient's condition with pronounced positive dynamics on the 19th day of hospital stay, the patient was discharged for rehabilitation at the place of residence.Thus, significant differences in the severity of the course of a new coronavirus infection in identical twins with the same history, the absence of aggravating comorbid conditions, are most likely due to the initial dose of the viral load, which was an important factor determining the development and course of infection.


A BiMnO_3 ceramic sample was synthesized under high pressure,and the transmission electron microscope and theoretical simulations were used to characterize its room-temperature structures.The electron diffraction data revealed that the stoichiometric BiMnO_3 crystallizes in the centrosymmetric C2/c structure,not in the noncentrosymmetric C2 structure.This is confirmed by further calculations of the electron diffraction patterns and high-resolution transmission electron microscope(HRTEM) photographs.A second polymorph,characterized as a body-centered pseudocubic superstructure with the lattice constants of 4a_p×4b_p×4c_p,is also found in the present sample.Composition analyses using electron energy-loss spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray show a slight loss of oxygen atoms in the superlattice phase.The HRTEM photographs simulations reveal that the superlattice is formed as the result of an ordered oxygen deficiency.In terms of crystallography,the weak ferroelectric polarizations measured in the BiMnO_3 samples originate from the superlattice are suggested.


Bands with primarily v (C=O) and v (C=O) character in the spectra of 4-hydroxycoumarin and its anion were identified by isotopic substitution with either 13C or deuterium. Two bands of each type were found for spectra of 4-hydroxycoumarin in solution in chloroform, dioxane, or dimethylsulfoxide, with v (C=O) at 1704–1733 cm−1 and ∼ 1567 cm−1. Two bands, at 1618 and 1559 cm−1, are associated with v (C=C) in the spectrum of crystalline 4-hydroxycoumarin monohydrate, but only a single v (C=O) band at ∼ 1655 cm−1 was observed. Anhydrous 4-hydroxycoumarin has v (C=O) bands at ∼ 1700 cm−1 and a shoulder at ∼ 1670 cm−1. The strong band at 1660 cm−1 in the spectrum of 4-hydroxycommarin anion in dimethylsulfoxide solution is due to a delocalized v (O = C = O) vibration, whereas the band at 1555 cm−1 has partial v (C=C) character and involves C(3) but not C(2), supporting a fully delocalized char structure for the anion. No evidence for the existence of the 2-hydroxychromone tautomer was found, except in the case of anhydrous 4-hydroxycoumarin in the solid state.


The expression of adnominal clauses using "hazuda" shows some difference in its acceptance according to its meaning or usage. As a result, in the "relative clause", the usage of "yosou" is sometimes allowed within the adnominal clauses, but its frequency of occurrence is less. And the "discrepancy" type occupies most of the cases. The usage of "satori" is not accepted. Also, examining the contextual situation, in the known stage, "discrepancy" between the consequences of reasoning and status quo occurs in most cases and leads to a consequent contradictory situation. On the other hand, in the unknown stage, the "discrepancy" does not occur. The Limiting way is different in the depending on the "discrepancy". Meanwhile, if "discrepancy" exists, it becomes the non-limiting expression of adnominal clauses. If "discrepancy" does not exist, it becomes limiting expression of adnominal clause. Next, in the "appositive clause", if there is no intervention of "toiu", "hazuda" is not allowed. On the other hand, when there is an intervention of "toiu", the main noun is used the "noun thought".


Effective leadership has been identified as one of the essential building blocks in successful health care redesign. Leadership is having that ability to see into the future and to transform individuals, teams, systems and whole organizations (indeed, social systems) in ways that enable them to tackle the challenges that lie ahead. There is an ever increasing array of theories, programmes, and self-help manuals that promise to help us on our leadership journey. So, given the acknowledged need for leadership, why is nursing still struggling to shed the constraining myths and stereotypes that limit our ability to contribute to leading health care transformation? In a recent conversation about leadership, a senior member of the nursing profession put to me: 'Why is it that many of the exceptional nurses I know had to leave nursing before they became successful and were recognized for the brilliant people they are?' My colleague went on to cite several examples of 'social entrepreneurs' ‐ individuals who had changed whole communities ‐ and who had started off their careers as nurses. Whether or not this is a common phenomenon is a moot point. There is plenty of anecdotal evidence that points to an inherent mismatch between the leadership requirements of nursing and the current processes and systems within which nurses work. Our problem is not a dearth of talented and able recruits. It is more ‐ as the myths go ‐ that 'nursing eats its young' and that we 'cut our leaders down' because we don't like 'tall poppies'. Or is it that we tolerate dysfunctional organizations and workplaces, taking on and perpetuating a 'victim mentality'? I would argue that the root of the problem ‐ and the core of


Objective To explore the change of serum Apelin level and its relationship with insulin resistance(IR) in infertility patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS). Methods Ninety-eight infertility patients with PCOS(PCOS group) and 72 infertility patients without PCOS(non-PCOS group) visiting our hospital for the first time from January 2011 to June 2012 were selected. The BMI, serum Apelin level(detected by ELISA), fasting blood glucose(FPG, detected by glucose oxidase method), fasting insulin(Fins, detected by chemiluminescence), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) of the two groups were detected. Results The serum Apelin level and HOMA-IR in PCOS patients were higher than those in nonPCOS patients(3.28 ± 1.24 vs. 1.94 ± 0.78, P 0.05; 3.84 ± 1.23 vs. 2.14 ± 0.77,P 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum Apelin level was positively correlated with HOMA-IR in PCOS patients(r =0.65, P 0.01). Conclusions The serum Apelin level in infertility patients with PCOS increased evidently, and was positively correlated with HOMA-IR; which indicated that Apelin may involve in the development of IR in infertility patients with PCOS.


This paper reports preliminary evidence on pre to post‐event shifts in the estimated values of the parameters, alpha and beta, of the simple regression market model. Samples, of US and British firms engaged in cross‐country acquisition, during the period 1970–1980 are examined. Using pre, pooled, and post‐event estimation periods, both alpha and beta show pronounced shifts in estimated value from the pre to the post‐event period. It is shown that these parameter shifts result in companion shifts in estimated pre to post‐even excess residual estimates. It is further shown, in the context of the market model, that shifts in alpha value account for approximately 80% of the shifts in excess residual estimates. Shifts in estimated beta account for only approximately 20% of the changes in estimated excess residuals. This result is interesting in regard to the results reported in most of the event study literature, which primarily consider only beta estimates.