The Farley-Buneman Instability [Parley, 1963; Buneman, 1963) in the equatorial electrojet current system in the E-region of the ionosphere has been identified as the cause of the observed Type I electron density irregularities. While the linear instability has been understood for nearly three decades, the effects of the nonlinear behavior remain unclear. One of the first calculations of the evolution of this instability in the nonlinear domain was due to Sudan [1983]. More recently, Machida and Goertz [1988] studied the instability numerically with an explicit particle (PIC) simulation method. They calculate electron heating in the the polar ionosphere in agreement with Sudan [1983], but it is not clear how good or complete the match is. Also, more complete parametric evaluation by such explicit methods would be limited, because the electrons must be treated as particles, while the instability occurs on the ion fluid time scale. The implicit ANTHEM code [Mason, 19931 can use particle electrons with a time step many times the plasma period, so that by implicit simulation a complete and parametric study of the instability should be feasible. The results of such a program would have important bearing on the understanding of electron heating by low-frequency turbulence in the ionosphere.


Risk assessment was widely used as a scientific tool around the world to evaluate the probability of human health effects resulting from chemical hazards exposure.However,limited resources increased the uncertainties in most risk assessments such as lack of human exposure and dose data.Biomonitoring was a direct way to provide human data on internal exposure and early effects for a more precise and realistic risk assessment.Many developed countries and international institutes had established biomonitoring programs and encourage applying biomonitoring data in the risk assessment process.This article addressed the definition and development of biomonitoring,depicts the use of biomonitoring in chemical risk assessment and exposure assessment,illustrates the interpretation of biomonitoring data for risk assessment,and illuminates the limitations of integration of biomonitoring data in risk assessment.In conclusion,biomonitoring has the potential to greatly improve chemical risk assessment with the accumulation of relevant data.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relation between the development of office space, the location of office renting floor space and the influences of the activities of private developers on business office districts in Hiroshima City. The following summarizes the main results of this study:(1) The locational pattern of office buildings is mainly conditioned by the street car lines and main streets. Private developers whose headquarters are outside Hiroshima City, especially in Tokyo and Osaka metropolitan areas, own buildings in the higher land value district or the more accessible district Hiroshima Station than those whose headquarters are in Hiroshima.(2) Private developers make decisions about their activities according to national and local monetary policy and city planning. Many larger and higher-storeyed office buildings have been constructed by larger capital developers. Recenly, however, private developers in Hiroshima have built the largest office building.(3) The use of floor spaces in office buildings has a defined pattern which is set by private developers and connected with the land use pattern in the city, especially in the central area in Hiroshima.(4) The rental fees for office space in office buildings is an important factor in the balance of supply and demand for office spaces. Fees depend mainly on the equipment of the building and/or land value; the rental fees reflect the activities of the private developers.(5) The attributes of offices in office buildings are an important factor in the business district, because it corresponds to the character of offices in the office buildings, and affects the office location pattern in the city. For example, many branch offices in office buildings are owned developers outside Hiroshima, that by depend on rental fees.(6) Although movements of offices by the construction of new office buildings is not dramatic in this study, the supply and demand of office spaces is balanced. But the spread of the business district in the city depends on the activities of private developers.


In this paper, we develop a method and algorithm for solving the problem o f the optimal selection o f the density o f heat sources on the rod in such a way that the temperature inside the considered region is within the given limits. At the same time, heat sources must provide a given temperature regime o f the minimum total power and temperature in a given corridor. Conservative approximations o f the original problem are constructed in the form o f a linear programming problem. A method for constructing conservative schemes for solving the heat equation with variable coefficients, a brief description o f the developed software application for constructing computational grids and solving equations is given. A new method is proposed and justified for the numerical solution o f non-stationary problems o f the optimal selection o f heat sources in the rod. A software application for conducting numerical experiments to solve the problem has been created. A description o f the based algorithm and the results o f numerical experiments is provided.


In this paper, we introduce generalized homographic transformations as hyperhomographies over Krasner hyperfields.These particular algebraic hyperstructues are quotient structures of classical fields modulo normal groups. Besides, we define some hyperoperations and investigate the properties of the derived hypergroups and H v -groups associated with the considered hyperhomographies. They are equipped hyperhomographies obtained as quotient sets of nondegenerate hyperhomographies modulo a special equivalence. Thus the symmetrical property of the equivalence relations plays a fundamental role in this constructions.


Objective:To study the the anti-inflammation and analgesic effects of Salvia cavaleriei Levl.var. erythrophylla (Hemsl.) Stib.Methods:Through four pharmacological models:xylene-induced ear swelling in mice,egg white-induced toe swelling in rats,acetic acid-induced writhing in mice and thermal stimulation in mice,the study on the anti-inflammation and analgesic effects of Salvia cavaleriei Levl.var. erythrophylla (Hemsl.) Stib were carried on. Results:In the anti-inflammatory pharmacological model,the experimental results showed that when the total ethanol extract was 200 mg/kg,it had a significant anti-inflammatory effect; In analgesic pharmacological model,the experimental results showed that when the total ethanol extract was 200-400 mg/kg,it had a significant analgesic effect,showing that the analgesic effect increased with the dose of the total ethanol extract. Conclusion:Salvia cavaleriei Levl.var. erythrophylla (Hemsl.) Stib has significantly anti-inflammation and analgesic efficacy.


The article has analysed and distinguished the contradictionses of the reader's right and work to library one by one,and put forward one's own view and suggestion.


A student in a distance education course, as part of a midterm project, set out to build a Web site that had written communication as its main focus. The Web site, "The Global Campfire," was modeled on the old Appalachian tradition of the "Story Tree," where a storyteller begins a story and allows group members to add to it. Gifted seventh and eighth graders at a rural Indiana school participated, although no suitable submissions were received until the ,Wreb site developer explained the purpose of the story tree in person. Extensions of this project into other content areas can provide students a forum for discussion and the motivation to improve their reading and writing abilities. The Web site was subsequently adapted for incorporation into the ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading, English and Communication's "Parents and Children Together Online" magazine. Contributions were received from children all over the United States and all over the world. Plans include the adddition of new storylines and multiple storylines. (The introductory screen of the Global Campfire Web site and an example of one of the story trees are attached.) (RS) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the ori inal document. A Collaborative Writing Project Using the Worldwide Web Allen Sylvester Christopher Essex U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement ED CATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) , This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. 1 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY


This paper is supported by a historical living example and the assumption: (① winning) matrix is constant in three-stage game,② player 1 first takes a action in each stage,and ③ for each stage game,the player 2 can not observe which pure strategy the opponent is using;the player 1 can observe his opponent′s that.We shall make a game model of nothing yielding fruit trick(the seventh one in "the thirty-six stratagems") on three-stage matrix game.Then we study the player 2′s winning and used pure strategies when he is trapped into,semi-see through and whole-see through the opponent′s nothing yielding fruit trick,respectively.Finally,we show the model by the above-mentioned historical living example.


The compounds [PPN]2[EFe3(CO)9] (E = S ([PPN]2[Ib], E = Se ([PPN]2[Ic]), and E = Te ([PPN]2[Id])) (PPN = [(Ph3P)2N]+) were alkylated using methyl triflate or methyl iodide. [PPN]2[Ib] reacted with methyl triflate at the sulfur atom to form [PPN][Fe3(CO)9SMe] ([PPN][IVb]). In contrast, alkylation of [PPN]2[Ic] and [PPN]2[Id] occurred at the metal framework giving [PPN][MeFe3(CO)9E] (E = Se, [PPN][Vc], Te = [PPN][Vd]), of which [PPN][Vc] was characterized by X-ray crystallography. Compounds [PPN][Vc] and [PPN][Vd] represent new examples of the uncommon class of cluster compounds having alkyl groups terminally bound to a metal carbonyl cluster compound. The crystal structure of [PPN][Vc] shows a long Fe−Me distance of 2.226(9) A. The removal of electron density from the parent clusters [Ic]2- and [Id]2- could be seen in the trends of the 77Se or 125Te chemical shifts for [Vc]-, [Vd]-, and some structurally related compounds.


seems rather-definitely to prove that the urease of the jack-bean and the crystalline protein isolated from the jack-bean are identical. One of the main values of the book is that it gives an authoritative modern viewpoint of enzyme chemistry. This is very much needed, for much of the older literature on enzymes is conflicting and therefore worthless for arriving at a true conception of the nature of enzymes and their action. For example, it is a common statement in the literature that some enzymes are given off first in the cell in an inactive state called "zymogen" or "proenzyme," but the author states that this viewpoint has not been proved. The enzyme merely appears to be in the inactive form because some condition for its activity, very commonly the pH, is not right. While WILLSTXTTER has not perhaps been as successful in elucidating enzyme chemistry as he was in determining the chemical constitution of chlorophyll and other complex organic compounds, yet his contributions to our knowledge of enzymes have been many. A book that summarizes some of the results obtained by this master of organic chemistry and gives his viewpoint is especially to be welcomed.-S. V. EATON.


Given the chaotic characteristics of the time series of landslides, a new method based on modified ensemble empirical mode decomposition (MEEMD), approximate entropy and the weighted least square support vector machine (WLS-SVM) was proposed. The method mainly started from the chaotic sequence of time-frequency analysis and improved the model performance as follows: first a deformation time series was decomposed into a series of subsequences with significantly different complexity using MEEMD. Then the approximate entropy method was used to generate a new subsequence for the combination of subsequences with similar complexity, which could effectively concentrate the component feature information and reduce the computational scale. Finally the WLS-SVM prediction model was established for each new subsequence. At the same time, phase space reconstruction theory and the grid search method were used to select the input dimension and the optimal parameters of the model, and then the superposition of each predicted value was the final forecasting result. Taking the landslide deformation data of Danba as an example, the experiments were carried out and compared with wavelet neural network, support vector machine, least square support vector machine and various combination schemes. The experimental results show that the algorithm has high prediction accuracy. It can ensure a better prediction effect even in landslide deformation periods of rapid fluctuation, and it can also better control the residual value and effectively reduce the error interval.


The numerical analysis of the twodimensional subsonic flow over a Tsentralniy Aerogidrodinamicheskey institut "B" series (TsAGI) 12% airfoil at an assorted angle of attack (AOA) and flow operating at a Reynolds number of 1×10 is proposed. The flow is established by employing the steady-state governing equation of continuity and momentum conservation conflated with one of the four turbulence models [Spalart-Allmaras (1 equation),Standard k-ε (2 equation), k-ω standard (2 equation) and Transition SST (4 equation)]. The intention of the study is to demonstrate the behaviour of the Airfoil at different turbulence models as mentioned furthermore, in addition, to obtain a verified solution method. The computational domain is composed of 43584 structured cells. In order, to properly capture the boundary layer, refinement of the grid near the Airfoil is done. The calculations were made by fixing the velocity (14.6122449 m/s) of the flow at a fixed Reynolds number Re= 1×10 and altering the only angle of attack (AOA). The presented work demonstrated the coefficient of lift and coefficient of drag at different turbulence models, at varying angle of attack. In addition, the work also emphasizes that at higher AOA, the turbulence models used in commercial CFD, yet not able to produce accurate results.


This article probes the relative absence of religion within discussions of intersectionality, and begins to address this absence by bringing intersectionality studies into conversation with another significant field within feminist theory: the study of religious women's agency. Although feminist literatures on intersectionality and religious women's agency have garnered a great deal of scholarly attention, these two bodies of work have rarely been engaged together. After surveying both fields, I argue that research on religious women's agency not only exposes an ambiguity at the heart of intersectionality between identity and oppression, but also challenges several aspects of intersectionality studies, especially as recent theorists increasingly turn away from identity politics in favor of a structural critique of power. These aspects of intersectionality include its often unsituated critique of power, as well as its reliance on a negatively defined consensus on anti‐oppression.


In this review of compliance studies, the personalities of physician and patient, the duration of the patient's illness, the patient's age, social contacts, perception of the condition's severity, and quality of communication between doctor and patient are all shown to affect compliance.


In the context of precision agriculture, hyperspectral image classification has already proved its potential to classify highly similar vegetation that could not be achieved with standard RGB camera. However, the in-field conditions do not allow a perfect classification while using conventional methods that only deal with spectral information. Several study already showed the potential of methods taking into account the spatial information embedded within hyperspectral images. In this paper, the spectral-spatial information is enhanced using a 3D multi-resolution discrete wavelet decomposition of the hyperspectral image. The smoothed image is obtained by zeroing noisy coefficients in the appropriate decomposed data cube before wavelet reconstruction. Then, Partial-Least-Squares Linear-Discriminant-Analysis is applied for classification. Experimental results obtained with this method outperformed standard spectral pre-processing and also non-linear classification method such as SVM.


This report presents findings of a 2011 baseline survey in 11 provinces to establish benchmarks for detecting changes in infant and young child feeding practices resulting from franchise services and a mass media campaign.


Spatial investment decisions of a government may be the result of a clearly stated and pursued policy. Often, however, investment decisions are made without such a policy, in contradiction to it, or ignoring it. This paper presents a new method that can be used to reveal the policy objectives with which actual public investment decisions are consistent. Japanese regional investment expenditures from 1958 to 1978 are analyzed, and the dominant policies in effect during this period are identified using this method. A connection between Japanese regional public investment policies and the convergence of population growth across regions is suggested.


The genetic diversity of a population of Aspergillus fl avus isolated from sesame seeds collected in 2004 and 2005 from various parts of Iran was studied through vegetative compatibility, and their mycotoxin production was determined. Sixteen vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) were identified among the nit mutants. VCGs were not evenly distributed through Iran. With few exceptions, there was a relationship between a VCG and the amount of mycotoxins produced by its isolates.


In this issue, the results of a study looking at the reliability of an intermittent and continuous intraabdominal pressure (IAP) measurement technique using an in vitro model are presented (1). Kirkpatrick et al. constructed an in vitro model of the abdomen using a 50-l container with a 100ml infusion bag at the bottom to simulate the bladder. The container was filled with 5 cm H2O increments up to 25 cm H2O to simulate intraabdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). Twenty subjects made 132 observations comparing intermittent (IIAP) and continuous (CIAP) IAP measurements. In about 50% of IIAP measurements the estimation of the height of the H2O column was correct and the bias or difference was never more than 1 cm H2O (mean bias 0.36 ± 0.65 cm H2O). Similarly in about 40% of CIAP measurements the estimation of the height of the H2O column was correct and the bias was never more than 2 cm H2O from the actual (mean bias 0.63 ± 0.53 cm H2O). The authors initially did not use a classic Pearson correlation nor a Bland and Altman analysis but a not so well-known generalised estimation equation (GEE). The GEE regression coefficient comparing known pressures was 1.007 for IIAP and 0.976 for CIAP. The reason for doing so was that not all observers performed the same number of IAP measurements. GEE is a form of linear regression that controls for clustering (because different subjects contributed different numbers of observations). The coefficient produced by this analysis is to be interpreted in exactly the same way as the coefficient produced by simple linear regression. For example, a coefficient of 1.007 for the IIAP model indicated that an increase in measured IIAP of 1 cm H2O correlated with an increase in the actual column height of 1.007. That is, there is a 1 : 1 correlation. Previous studies have used a similar in vitro model to compare new IAP monitoring techniques (2). A limitation of the current study was that 50 ml was instilled into the surrogate bladder and another 4 ml per hour was continuously infused, so that at the end of the study period that lasted 8 h 82 ml was in the bladder, which could have increased baseline pressures (3). The real advantage of continuous IAP measurement lies in the fact that a more accurate trend can be obtained rather than a snapshot. Moreover and maybe more importantly continuous abdominal perfusion pressure (APP = MAP ) IAP) can be recorded. Despite these benefits continuous IAP monitoring using a three-way Foley is limited by the potential of underestimating IAP because of the theoretical negative suction generated by the urine column from bladder to the collection bag. There is also the potential of overestimation of IAP when a U-loop of urine is created causing a blockage of urine thus increasing hydrostatic back pressure, and finally the placement of the special three-way Foley also is not so straightforward. Therefore, other techniques using an air-filled balloon in the stomach or peritoneum, a piezzo-resistive membrane or a solidstate microchip transducer connected to a catheter may prove to be more reliable and reproducible in the clinical setting in the future (2,4–6). The possible advantages of these CIAP techniques, which are not based on the height of a hydrostatic fluid column are numerous and can be compared with the advantages of continuous cardiac output measurement over intermittent thermodilution techniques (7). First, many of the factors that may alter the accuracy of intermittent IAP measurements (such as priming volume and temperature, the technique and speed of injection, the zero reference level, the presence of bladder contractions, and the head of bed elevation) do not play a role in the determination of these non-fluid column-based CIAP measurements. Thus, CIAP techniques may be more accurate than standard bladder IIAP methods. Second, by obviating the need for tedious priming boluses, measurement of IAP is possible without interference with urinary output estimation by serial IAP measurements. Third, and most importantly, when using a balloontipped catheter, CIAP monitoring provides the clinician with a new IAP measurement that varies breathto-breath allowing immediate assessment of patient response to therapeutic interventions and potentially allowing more rapid and effective decompression (Figure 1). Such changes may either be missed completely by intermittent measurements or not identified until potentially devastating events have occurred (8). Linked Comment: McBeth et al. Int J Clin Pract 2008; 62: 400–5.


A method is provided for identifying use of a proprietary circuit layout. A representation of a layout of a circuit is input and the locations of a set of predetermined physical features of the circuit are identified. This set of locations is then compared with a previously generated characteristic pattern file, the characteristic pattern file comprising a representation of relative locations of a set of these predetermined physical features in the proprietary circuit layout. If the set of locations matches the relative locations of the characteristic pattern file, then an output is generated indicating that use of the proprietary circuit design has been found.


The Turkish people who accepted Muslim as a new religion protected the previous beliefs in their new religion. However,they combined and reflected these previous beliefs with Islamic values. They succeded to maintain their new and previous life styles through heterodox belief way of life inwhich they created. The wolf mouth tie tradition which reflects the steppe life styles occured in the wolf motive and it is combined with the Islamic motives and it is not only seen in the Anatolia but also in all places where Turkmens were settled.This study involves the wolf mouth tie tradition and its relation with the Islam in a case study of Amasya


Genetic divergence as measured by D2 technique was studied for grain yield, its components and neurotoxin content in 65 genotypes of grasspea. The genotypes were grouped into six clusters and the maximum intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster III comprising 16 genotypes. Clusters I and II followed by I and IV were identified as genetically divergent. Considering the cluster means and cluster distances, RLS 6, Pusa 24, BioL-212, 15 157-14 and BioR-202 of cluster IV (for 100-seed weight); RLS 3, BioR-231, RLS 12, Bio I-222, P94-3 of cluster V (for low ODAP and earliness); RLS 9630, RLS 617, RLS 9625, RLS 9622, RLS 9603, RLS 7 of cluster III (for number of pods plant−1) are expected to give promising and desirable recombinants of high yield with low neurotoxin content.


Abstract In this paper we consider the problem of estimation of the sensitivity of the barotropic atmosphere model to small external impacts, which consist in a change of the external forcing of the system. The general concept of the method is based on approximation of the point distribution density on the attractor of the system with the use of its unstable periodic trajectories. Under this approximation, orbits are taken into account according to their weights related to the characteristics of their instability. Approximately 2000 unstable periodic trajectories were found for the considered model, and approximate response operators of the system mean state to small external perturbations were calculated for different forms of setting for weight coefficients. A comparison of the accuracy of the constructed approximations of the response operator was performed. It is shown that under a correct choice of the weight function one can represent the leading left singular vectors of the response operator with a good accuracy (the correlation level is 0.75 – 0.95), whereas the representation accuracy of the leading right singular vectors (optimal actions) is slightly lower (0.4 – 0.8).


Complex sleep apnea syndrome (CompSAS) is a form of sleep apnea specifically identified by the presence or emergence of central apneas or hypopneas upon exposure to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or a Bi-level positive airway pressure (BIPAP) device when obstructive events have disappeared. These patients have predominantly obstructive or mixed apneas during the diagnostic sleep study occurring at greater than or equal to 5 times per hour. With the use of CPAP or BiPAP they show a pattern of apneas and hypopneas that meets the definition of Central sleep apnea (CSA). As central hypopneas are rarely scored in clinical practice, the definition requires the occurrence of central apneas that make up more than 50% of all scored respiratory events, a threshold that could miss clinically significant non obstructive events.


We review some of our work regarding search which has been motivated by a variety of applications in engineering and technology, including traffic routing and security in communication networks, explosive mine detection and removal, tactical operations as well as emergency management. We develop the basic mathematical model representing N searchers that proceed independently, and which can be affected by destruction or loss, and time-outs. An approach based on Laplace transform is then developed for the case where the success of the search requires that k out of the N searchers be successful, and we estimate the amount of energy expended and the number of searchers that are required to conduct a successful search in time B, provided B is large. Finally, we present an iterative numerical solution approach that allows us to analyse the search time and the energy needed to find an object when the search space is non-homogeneous.


The laws governing blood pressure and heart rate coupling contain significant information about underlying physiological mechanisms of cardiovascular response to both internal and external stresses. Detailed investigation of these mechanisms requires a better understanding of the short-term physiological dynamics observed during orthostatic tilt test. Revealing characteristic profiles of tilt test responses could be essential for a variety of applications ranging from basic physiological studies to the differential diagnostics in patients with orthostatic disorders suffering from spontaneous syncope episodes of unknown etiology. Six different indicators of blood pressure versus heart rate coupling during both the entire tilt test procedure as well as its supine and orthostatic phases have been considered in this study. Empirical classification patterns indicate that several considered indices exhibit significant discrepancies between the test phases as well as between the patients and normal subjects involved in the study.


In this paper, a method is outlined for estimating the volumes of solid and liquid radioactive wastes produced during the operation of a repository in tuff. Volume estimates were also developed based on a preliminary conceptual facility design. Based on a disposal rate of 3000 MTU/y of commercial spent fuel, the waste estimates ranged from 793 to 2464 m{sup 3}/y of uncompacted solids and from 80,431 to 128,690 L/y of liquids, depending on the specific set of facility features assumed. The estimates of waste quantities were most dependent on variations in the ratio of truck to rail cask shipments received. The quantities of waste generated on site decreased as this ratio decreased. Although there are large uncertainties in the current estimates caused by the preliminary nature of the facility designs and the limited amount of engineering detail completed, the methodology can be used to refine estimates as the repository design progresses.


Objective
To evaluate the effect of multimodal warming regimen on the development of intraoperative hypothermia in the patients undergoing precise hepatectomy.

Methods
Sixty patients of both sexes, aged 28-64 yr, weighing 44-89 kg, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠorⅡ (Child-Pugh A), undergoing precise hepatectomy, were equally and randomly assigned into control group (group C) and multi-model warming group (group M) using a random number table.A bed sheet was covered on the body exposed, and the abdominal cavity was washed using the room-temperature peritoneal lavage fluid in group C. In group M, after admission to the operating room, the room temperature was raised to 25-26 ℃, the mattress was prewarmed using the medical heating blanket, the temperature was maintained at 40 ℃ during operation, the lower body was simultaneously covered using the forced-air warming system, and the temperature was maintained at 37-39 ℃; the solution used for infusion was warmed to 37 ℃ before anesthesia; the incisional area was washed with 0.9% sodium chloride injection which was prewarmed to 37 ℃ during operation.The development of hypothermia, hypotension and respiratory depression was recorded during operation.Before induction of anesthesia, at 1 h after anesthesia, at the end of operation, and at 5 min before discharge from postanesthesia care unit (PACU), blood gas analysis was performed, and the pH value, base excess and lactate level were recorded.The intraoperative blood loss, emergence time, duration of PACU stay, and occurrence of shivering, agitation, nausea and vomiting were also recorded.

Results
Compared with group C, the incidence of intraoperative hypothermia, and shivering, agitation, nausea and vomiting in PACU were significantly decreased, the emergence time and duration of PACU stay were significantly shortened, the pH value was significantly increased at 5 min before discharge from PACU, and the base excess and lactate level were significantly decreased at the end of operation and 5 min before discharge from PACU in group M (P<0.05 or 0.01).

Conclusion
Multimodal warming regimen can raise the quality of recovery from anesthesia and decrease the development of intraoperative hypothermia in the patients undergoing precise hepatectomy.

Key words:
Body temperature; Hepatectomy


For the implementation of fast fault diagnosis,a method of designing the distributed fault tolerant control real-time data platform using OPC(object linking and embedding for process control) technology is presented.A real-time fast fault diagnosis module is established,and the fault diagnosis function is done by the corresponding module.The result of the fault diagnosis is used as the input of the real time optimal advanced control module.Control reconstruction or control law reconfiguration is made.Event bus increases the response time.The experimental results show that the platform can improve the detection ratio and time of the fault diagnosis.


Since 2002, the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) has set up the path to improve the efficiency gains in the EU building sector, including measures that should accelerate the rate of building renovation towards more energy efficient systems. Under the 2010 EPBD, all EU countries have established independent energy performance certification systems supported by independent mechanisms of control and verification. The EU directive 2018/844 has introduced different novelties and one of these regards the possibility for the Member States, together with the Long-Term Renovation Strategies (LTRS), to introduce an optional Building Renovation Passport Article 2a.1(c), considered as an empowering document that gives more reliable and independent information on the potential for energy savings that is tied up in their buildings. On 14 October 2020, the European Commission launched its Communication and Strategy on the Renovation Wave initiative, intending to double the current Europe's renovation rate to make the continent carbon neutral by 2050. However, current practices and tools of energy performance assessment and certification applied across Europe face several challenges. In this context, the ALDREN project is a methodological framework that aims to support decision-making and investment in deep energy renovation of nonresidential buildings, based on a set of procedures (modules) that consist in the step-by-step implementation of protocols to assess the energy performance, indoor environmental quality, and financial value of buildings, before and after the energy renovation. The paper presents the ALDREN overall procedure with a focus on the development of the Building Renovation Passport and its application to an Italian office building.


We compared breeding bird abundance and nest predation rate in strip-cut stands of different age of cut and in clearcuts using the spot-mapping method. The forest was 50-70 years old and dominated by conifers. limber harvesting created 20 m wide cleats[ strips separated by 20 m intetslrips of =nut forest. Strip-cut plots had higher breeding bird densities and richness than dearcuts and final cuts (where the interstrip was cut). Strip-cut stands provided breeding opportunities for 28 forest-associated species not found in cleareuts or final cuts, whereas the latter habitats were used for nesting by 8 species not found in snip-eats. Strip-cutting allowed the addition to the forest bird community of a few open canithrY species such as Common Yellowthroat and Chestnut-sided Warbler. The abundance of these species decreased with forest regeneration. The regrowth dominated by deciduous trees and shmbs created suitable habitat for �


The distribution of relict moraines in the Transantarctic Mountains affords geologic constraint of past ice-marginal positions of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS). We describe the directly dated glacial-geologic record from Roberts Massif, an ice-free area in the central Transantarctic Mountains, to provide a comprehensive record of ice sheet change at this site since the Miocene and to capture ice sheet response to warmer-than-present climate conditions. The record is constrained by cosmogenic 3He, 10Be, 21Ne, and 26Al surface-exposure ages from > 160 dolerite and sandstone erratics on well-preserved moraines and drift units. Our data set indicates that a cold-based EAIS was present, and similar to its current configuration, for long periods over the last ~14.5 Myr, including the mid-Miocene, Late Pliocene, and early-to-mid Pleistocene, with moraine ages increasing with distance from and elevation above the modern ice margin. We also report extremely low erosion rates over the duration of our record, reflecting long-term polar desert conditions at Roberts Massif. The age-elevation distribution of moraines at Roberts Massif is consistent with a persistent EAIS extent during glacial maxima, accompanied by slow, isostatic uplift of the massif due to subglacial erosion. Although our data are not a direct measure of ice volume, the Roberts Massif glacial record indicates that the EAIS was present and of similar extent to today during periods when global temperature was believed to be warmer and/or atmospheric CO2 concentrations were likely higher than today.


The oxidation of secondary alcohols with ketones was carried out by catalysis with hydrous zirconium(IV) oxide. In the batch reaction system, the oxidation proceeded efficiently to give the corresponding ketones, except for some secondary alcohols. On the other hand, all of the secondary alcohols were efficiently converted to the corresponding ketones in the flow oxidation system. The influence of the hydrogen acceptor on the oxidation rate was investigated by the use of several ketones, and the oxidation rate was influenced by the electron density and steric hindrance around the carbonyl group. The dependance on the reaction temperature was also investigated in the flow reaction system


To study the relationship of clinical manifestation and pathology of asymptomatic glomerular hematuria in children Methods Renal biopsies were performed on 63 cases of asymptomatic glomerular humaturia for the light, electron and immunofluorescent microscopic examinations.Results According to the features of hematuria, the patients(n = 63)were divided int0 those (n = 13) with persistent microscopic hematuria (PMiH ), those (n = 6 ) with intermittent macroscopic hematuria (1MaH), those (n = 28) wiht PMiH accompanied with IMaH and those(n= 16)with persistent macroscopic hematuria. IgA nephropathy ranked the top (44. 4%) in pathologic patterns and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis the second. No significant difference was found in pathololgic patterns of hematuria with different clinical phenotypes. However, IgA nephropathy comprised the majority in patients with IMaH. The pathologic changes of patients with PMiH accompanied with IMaH or PMaH might be more serious than those of PMiH or IMaH.Conclusion IgA nephropathy is a predominant cause of asymptomatic glomerular hematuria. Renal biopsy plays an impor-tant role in diagnosis, treatment and appraisal of prognosis.


The thesis deals with working of single transferable vote electoral system and its effects on political system. First the system is introduced and subsequently the main benefits and deficiencies are identified. The thesis especially aims at its effects on relations between political actors, specifically at Dáil elections in Ireland. Primary focus is laid on clarifying the relation among Dáil candidates from the same party. Among them a phenomenon called intra-party competition appears. The author searches if the single transferable vote is responsible, examines the nature of the conflict and describes the consequences for relations within parties. Secondary the author focuses on the nature of relations between candidates or deputies and their constituents. He examines, if the transferable vote is responsible for increased closeness of those relations, and for significant concentration of deputies on constituency work. The author uses clientelism and brokerage concepts. The last part of the thesis deals with political parties in context of the single transferable vote. The influence on cohesion, party discipline and relations of the party centers to candidates and deputies is examined. The thesis also concerns certain tensions between party centers and local structures.


ABSTRACT The "China Dream" is a native imagination of a great renewal of the Chinese nation. Mao Zedong had a dream to save the nation and promised the Chinese people utopian socialism tomorrow at the cost of sacrifices that needed to be borne today. Deng Xiaoping brought in economic reforms so that the Chinese people could dream of becoming rich. Xi Jinping's China Dream has focussed upon China's sphere of influence extending beyond its regional space. While Xi Jinping's "China Dream" revolves around connectivity and infrastructure, using shades of affirmative, assertive and aggressive nationalism, as necessary, his Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is likely to affect over 68 countries, 65% of the world's population, and 40% of global GDP. At the regional level, China's 55-km-long Zhuhai-Macau-Hong Kong Bridge is geared to transform the political geography of the South China Sea sub-region. This paper attempts to contextualise the notion of the contemporary "China Dream" and deconstruct the implications of Xi Jinping's aggressive "infrastructure diplomacy" upon Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau.


The aim of this study is to formulate a model of the spatial reorganization of growth in urban fields. The model is based on a synthesis of factors associated with the intrametropolitan location theory, the central place theory, and the core–periphery conceptualization. The model constructed provides a means of measuring spread and backwash trends related to the spatial reorganization of growth. Data on employment in the retail trade are applied to a sample of thirty-four urban fields and the results are tested against the suggested model.


In additive manufacturing of Ni-based alloy IN718, what causes Icosahedral Short-Range Order (ISRO) or iQC mediated nucleation of equiaxed grains is still not understood. In order to have a better comprehension of the microstructure formation, a more comprehensive characterization both on grain structure and chemical heterogeneities must be achieved. In this work, a scanning electron microscope equipped with a focused ion beam (FIB) allowed to perform a 3D EDS chemical analysis and EBSD orientation mapping of the volume in an equiaxed grain zone. After the 3D reconstruction of the equiaxed grains has been performed, grain-to-grain orientation analysis allowed to analyze multiple twin boundaries orientation relationships in a volume containing hundreds of grains. Chemical mapping using EDS allowed to identify TiC inclusions from which a five-fold symmetry axis seem to emerge, indicating a potential nucleation site. Such areas were analyzed in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate the different present phases. The nucleation sequence and potential origin of mediated nucleation are further discussed, opening new prospects for grain refinement in additively manufactured nickel-based alloys.


Objective: Two simple, accurate, precise, reproducible and an economical spectrophotometric methods were developed for the simultaneous estimation of ibuprofen and famotidine in pharmaceutical bulk and synthetic mixture. Methods: The first method was developed on the basis of Q-absorbance ratio method (method I) for analysis of both the drugs. Wavelengths selected for analysis in Q-absorbance ratio method were 263 nm (λmax of ibuprofen) and 273.80 nm (iso-absorptive wavelength) in 0.1N NaOH. The second method was based on derivative spectrophotometric method (method II) involving the determination of both the drugs at their respective zero crossing point. The determinations were made at 252.8 nm (zero crossing point of famotidine) and 304 nm (zero crossing point of ibuprofen) in 0.1N NaOH. Results: Both the method obeys Beer-Lambert's law in the concentration range of 150 - 750 μg/ml for ibuprofen and 5 - 25 μg/ml for famotidine. The assay result of synthetic mixture was found to be 99.13 ± 0.14 for IBU and 100.73 ± 0.57 for FAM by method I and 104.17 ± 1.96 for IBU and 100.88 ± 2.13 for FAM by method II. Proposed methods were validated according to ICH Q2 (R1) analytical method validation guidelines. Conclusion: The proposed methods are suitable for the routine quality control analysis of ibuprofen and famotidine in pharmaceutical formulation.


We propose a simple intertemporal model of output and current account dynamics that we estimate using a cointegrated VAR approach. We suggest a method for identifying global and country-specific shocks from the VAR and test it, using cross-country evidence.


In this article, we discuss the magnetic-field frequency selectivity of a time-domain interferometer based on the number and timing of intermediate pulses. We theoretically show that by adjusting the number of pulses and the -pulse timing, we can control the frequency selectivity of the interferometer to time varying and DC magnetic fields. We present experimental data demonstrating increased coherence time due to bandwidth filtering with the inclusion of a pulse between the initial and final pulses, which mitigates sensitivity to low frequency magnetic fields.


The path integral approach to quantization the free Scalar field on the Lattice fermions on the Lattice Abelian gauge fields on the Lattice and compact QED non-Abelian gauge fields on the Lattice, compact QCD the Wilson Loop and the static quark-antiquark potential the QQ potential in some simple models the continuum limit of Lattice QCD Lattice action and energy sum rules strong coupling expansion the Hopping parameter expansion weak coupling expansion (I) weak coupling expansion (II) - Lattice QED weak coupling expansion (III) - Lattice QCD Monte Carlo methods some results of Monte Carlo calculations introduction to finite temperature field theory - path integral representation of the partition function finite temperature perturbation theory off and on the Lattice non-perturbative QCD at finite temperature the high temperature phase of QCD. (Part contents).


The continued growth of smartphones, tablets and other handheld devices in the mobile market requires radical development of advanced application processor (AP) packaging technology. One solution transforms the traditional organic substrate into highly integrated fan-out wafer level packaging (FOWLP) that uses thin redistribution layers (RDLs), reduced dielectric thickness, narrow trace lines, and micro-vias. Since the design scheme used for the organic substrate will not work properly in high density FOWLP, it is imperative that the design rules are redefined based on the new wafer level technology to mitigate crosstalk noise interference. With data rate and operating frequency increasing by adopting Low Power Double Data Rate 5 (LPDDR5) memory and High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) for future products and trace width/space and micro-via size decreasing in wafer-level design, crosstalk noise is becoming a more serious issue. This paper analyzes various test vehicles in the frequency domain for an advanced design technique in the IC packaging industry, and proposes best optimization design methods for crosstalk noise reduction. First, the effect of crosstalk noise decreases with specific ground guard traces separation. Second, crosstalk caused by the microstrip can be managed by avoiding a ground guard open stub. Third, crosstalk noise in the microstrip is related to dielectric thickness and crosstalk noise is reduced by reducing the dielectric thickness. Improved crosstalk results do not occur simply from an advanced silicon package structure, but by implementing an optimized design scheme as well. The analytical crosstalk-less results in this paper can be used for overall design guidelines and the crosstalk effect can be estimated in the pre-manufacturing process for wafer level packages including the newest Silicon Wafer Integrated Fan-out Technology (SWIFT®) packages.


Richard Stanley suggested the problem of finding combinatorial proofs of formulas for counting regions of certain hyperplane arrangements defined by hyperplanes of the form xi = 0, xi = xj , and xi = 2xj that were found using the finite field method. We give such proofs, using embroidered permutations and linear extensions of posets.


As a carefully designed work, Flannert O'Connor's short story"A Good Man is Hard to Find"is a brilliant example for skillfully using narrative techniques to convey her Catholic faith. Mieke Bal's theories of time in narratology provide a fresh perspective to explores the characterizations in Flannert O'Connor's"A Good Man is Hard to Find". Time functions greatly to the characterizations of the characters through the narrative text in terms of the story and the fabula. It helps to present the characters' personalities by playing with the sequential ordering, rhythm and frequency. By using these narrative techniques, grandmother's selfishness, her moral inanition and her considerations that she is morally superior to others is fully expressed to the reader as well as Misfit's struggling and renascence to his disbeliefs of God and so on.


Selden, P.A. & Kaulfuss, U., 28 May 2018. Fossil arachnids from the earliest Miocene Foulden Maar Fossil-Lagerstätte, New Zealand. Alcheringa 43, 165–169. ISSN 0311-5518. Fossil Arachnida from New Zealand are extremely rare and represented by some unidentifiable amber inclusions only. The first fossil arachnids from New Zealand to be described in detail are presented here, based on four compression fossils from the earliest Miocene Fossil-Lagerstätte at Foulden Maar, South Island. Two specimens are referred to Arachnida incertae sedis and Araneomorpha incertae sedis, respectively, whereas two specimens are mygalomorph spiders. One of these is placed in the Rastelloidina clade of Mygalomorphae, probably in the Idiopidae, which is represented in New Zealand by the extant Cantuaria. P.A. Selden* [email@example.com] Paleontological Institute and Department of Geology, University of Kansas, Lindley Hall, 1475 Jayhawk Boulevard, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; U. Kaulfuss [email@example.com] Department of Geology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. *Also affiliated with: Natural History Museum, London, UK.


P RACTICAL exigencies and theoretical prescriptions suggest that patronage and Renaissance friendship are mutually exclusive. Patronage relies upon power difference: it is after all difference in status, however defined, that enables one person to help another as patron. Richard Saller includes "asymmetry, as opposed to friendship between equals" as a defining characteristic of patronage relationships,' and socio-anthropological theories of patronage demonstrate that it is essential that the exchange of patronage (the benefaction of the patron, for instance, reciprocated by the gratitude of the client) maintain this imbalance: the client must not reciprocate to a degree equivalent to the initial benefaction.2 This may be contrasted to gift-giving between friends, in which one would seek to exchange gifts of equal or greater value. Correspondingly, Renaissance writers, heavily influenced by classical predecessors, define friendship in terms of parity, equality, similarity, and balance.3 It is not just that the friend is, in the familiar idiom, another self. Differences in status or temperament are a definitive impediment to friendship: Montaigne insists that differences in power negate the possibility of friendship, so that men and women, and parents and children, cannot be friends. As Cicero's De Amicitia puts it (in Harington's translation), "unlykenesse of condy-


Nowadays, gestures are being adopted as a new modality in the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HMI), where the physical movements of the whole body can perform unlimited actions. Soundpainting is a language of artistic composition used for more than forty years. However, the work on the recognition of SoundPainting gestures is limited and they do not take into account the movements of the fingers and the hand in the gestures which constitute an essential part of SoundPainting. In this context, we conducted a study to explore the combination of 3D postures and muscle activity for the recognition of SoundPainting gestures. In order to carry out this study, we created a SoundPainting database of 17 gestures with data from two sensors (Kinect® and Myo™). We formulated four hypotheses concerning the accuracy of recognition. The results allowed to characterize the best sensor according to the typology of the gesture, to show that a "simple" combination of the two sensors does not necessarily improves the recognition, that a combination of features is not necessarily more efficient than taking into account a single well chosen feature, finally, that changing the frequency of the data acquisition provided by these sensors does not have a significant impact on the recognition of gestures.


Completely comprehending the allotment according to labor,we need think of Marx's term,angle and purpose.It is intrinsic request to increase allotment's function of encouraging and controlling that each factor participates in allotment.The allotment according to labor is different from the allotment according to labor force value,but they are indivisible and relative to each other.The allotment according to labor is realized through the labor force's value weighed and government's income reassignment policies.And it finds expression in the unification movement between micro and macro,and between first assignment and reassignment.


The HIV-1 protein Nef's ability to induce cytoskeleton changes in infected host cells is a key event in viral replication. In renal podocytes, we found that Nef induced loss of stress fibers and increased lamellipodia, pathological changes leading to proteinuria in HIVassociated nephropathy. These morphological changes were mediated by Nef-induced Rac1 activation and RhoA inhibition. We identified a new interaction between Nef and diaphanous interacting protein (DIP), a recently described regulator of Rho and Rac signaling. We found that the SH3 binding domain of DIP and the Nef PxxP motif were required for this interaction. Nef also interacts with Vav2 in podocytes. DIP and Vav2 both interact directly with Nef in a competitive manner. DIP interacts with p190RhoGAP, and intact DIP was required for Nef induced phosphorylation of p190RhoGAP. DIP also interacts with Vav2, and though DIP enhanced baseline phosphorylation of Vav2, it was not required for Nef induced Vav2 activation. In Nef-infected podocytes, Src kinase induces phosphorylation of DIP, p190RhoGAP, and Vav2 leading to RhoA inhibition and Rac1 activation. Inhibition of the Nef-induced signaling pathway by using dominant negative of either Src or DIP, or siRNA for DIP, or p190RhoAGAP, restored RhoA activity and stress fiber formation in Nef-infected podocytes whereas siRNA for Vav2 reduced Rac1 activity and formation of lamellipodia. We conclude that in HIV-infected podocytes Nef, through the recruitment of DIP and p190RhoAGAP to Nef-Src complex, activates p190RhoAGAP and down regulates RhoA activity. http://www.jbc.org/cgi/doi/10.1074/jbc.M708920200 The latest version is at JBC Papers in Press. Published on January 30, 2008 as Manuscript M708920200 Copyright 2008 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. by gest on N ovem er 7, 2017 hp://w w w .jb.org/ D ow nladed from


Space-based target detection technology has become the frontier technology of space research. Because deep space target is far away from the detector,its image shapes a spot,it is difficult to be distinguished from the false targets such as stars and planet by shape features. Star tracker can effectively exclude the stars in false targets due to its navigation satellite library. According to difference of law of motion of true and false targets in right ascension coordinate system,combined with attitude matrix,the tracker can recognize the true target from complex starry background,so as to achieve the purpose of safety protection. Simulation results verify the validity of the proposed method.


In the refrigeration secwr domestic appliances form one of the areas most centered on when CFC substitutes are discussed. HFC substitutes are acceptable from an environmental point of view; however. lubricants for these refrigerants are difficult to develop. Moreover, there is still some uncerzainty as w the energy efficiency of HFC-134a. A ternary blend, consisting of the HCFC refrigerants 22 and 124. and HFC-152a, has been propagated by one r~frigerant manufacturer as an alternative refrigerant for CFC-12. The lubricant to be applied should not yield major problems. The energy efficiency should be equal or slightly better compared to CFC-12,this aspect has already been confirmed by first publications. In rhis study an experimental verification of the behaviour of the blend Is performed on a series of upright free::ers of the naric type. Each of these freezers is equipped with a capillary tube of a different capacity. One composition of the blend has been investigated: one that is determined ro yield the highest COP. by the use of a steady-stau cycle program. The main conclusion to be drawn is that a comparable energy consumption can be observed for both CFC-12 and the terna")!,blendfor optimum capillary tube capacity. 1'0 omenclature p pressure P power Q capacity T temperature time (N/m2) (W) (W) (K) (s) subscripts c condensation cool cooling, refrigeration comp compressor e evaporation


Abstract:A 72-year-old woman was referred for radioiodine ablation for papillary thyroid cancer in a multinodular goiter after a right hemithyroidectomy and subsequent completion thyroidectomy. Inadequate elevation of thyroid stimulating hormone after thyroid hormone withdrawal was investigated with


The spectral characteristics of selected molecular sieves (3A, 4A, 5A, 13X and synthetic zeolite) in a terahertz (THz) range were studied by THz time-domain spectroscopy technologies (THz-TDS). The chemical composition of a molecular sieve is Mx/n[(AlO2)x·(SiO2)y]·zH2O, where M is metal cation and n is the valence of the metal cation. The absorption coefficients and refractive indices were extracted in the spectra. Different from that of the A-type molecular sieves, the absorption curves and refractive indices of synthetic zeolite and 13X molecular sieve display large fluctuation as the frequency change. In addition, two kinds of related compounds (Al2O3 and quartz sand) were studied by using THz-TDS. The Al2O3 shows weak absorption and quartz sand has three typical absorption peaks at 0.89, 1.3, 1.55 THz. The refractive index of Al2O3 is kept at about 1.27 while that of quartz sand show large fluctuations. The present results suggested that the THz spectra of molecular sieves are in dependent of their types and indicated the potential of THz technology for the molecular sieve industry.


: This thesis has two fundamental objectives. On the one hand, at the level of theoretical generalization, it aims to make a contribution to the study of collective identities, and more specifically, of national identities within the context of European integration. On the other, at the level of empirical investigation, it aims to compare how the collective ideals, memories, and sentiments of two national communities, Britain and Spain, have conditioned the diverse symbolic representations of 'Europe' which have emerged over the course of time in the public spheres of these two particular case-studies. The thesis is divided into four parts. my I out-line a theoretical and methodological approach to the study of national identity, which fundamentally stresses


The rights of peoples and non-recognized nations to obtain sovereignty fall within the rubric of self-determination. This right to self-determination is also considered as a principle of customary international law and thus, states have an obligation to facilitate the exercise of such right. Further This principle is even considered as a peremptory norm of international law.
In the present paper, we will try to justify the right of self determination in the grab of Customary International Law, by showing various state practices, UN Charter Articles, General Assembly Resolutions, Judicial decision and few treaties.


A new optimized SOA, with short active region, tensile bulk active material and double core tapers, shows an extremely low n/sub sp//c/sub 1/ value of 5.2 dB, which is 2 dB lower than previously published results at 1.55 /spl mu/m [8].


Welcome to the Ninth IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE2009). The conference aims at building synergy between Bioinformatics and Bioengineering, two complementary disciplines that hold great promise for the advancement of research and development in complex medical and biological systems, agriculture, environment, public health, and drug design. Research and development in these two areas are impacting the science and technology in fields such as medicine, food production, forensics, etc. by advancing fundamental concepts in molecular biology, by helping us understand living organisms at multiple levels, by developing innovative implants and bio-prosthetics, and by improving tools and techniques for the detection, prevention and treatment of diseases. The technical program of BIBE2009 consists of invited talks, paper presentations, workshop and special sessions.


The far-field sound of an unstable wave packet undergoing transition in a low-Mach-number, flat-plate boundary layer is investigated in the framework of Lighthill's acoustic analogy. Detailed accounts of the wave packet evolution are obtained by solving the full incompressible Navier–Stokes equations at Reδ = 1000. The numerically simulated flow structures show qualitative agreement with experimental observations of the fundamental breakdown type. The acoustic calculations are focused on the quadrupole source functions arising from Reynolds stress fluctuations. The wave packet is shown to produce negligible sound throughout the primary and secondary instability stages. Dramatic amplification of the Reynolds stress quadrupoles occurs as a result of the disintegration of the detached high-shear layer and the associated vortex shedding near the boundary layer edge. The dominant frequency of source oscillations coincides with that of vortex shedding.


Infrared, visible, and multispectral photodetectors are important components for sensing, security and electronics applications. Current fabrication of these devices is based on inorganic materials grown by epitaxial techniques which are not compatible with low‐cost large‐scale processing. Here, air‐stable multispectral solution‐processed inorganic double heterostructure photodetectors, using PbS quantum dots (QDs) as the photoactive layer, colloidal ZnO nanoparticles as the electron transport/hole blocking layer (ETL/HBL), and solution‐derived NiO as the hole transport/electron blocking layer (HTL/EBL) are reported. The resulting device has low dark current density of 20 nA cm‐2 with a noise equivalent power (NEP) on the order of tens of picowatts across the detection spectra and a specific detectivity (D*) value of 1.2 × 1012 cm Hz1/2 W‐1. These parameters are comparable to commercially available Si, Ge, and InGaAs photodetectors. The devices have a linear dynamic range (LDR) over 65 dB and a bandwidth over 35 kHz, which are sufficient for imaging applications. Finally, these solution‐processed inorganic devices have a long storage lifetime in air, even without encapsulation.


Nonlinear systems widely exist in all fields of industrial production and are difficult to model because of complex non-linearity. Neural network is widely used in process prediction, fault detection and fault diagnosis of modern industry because of the nonlinear fitting ability. Due to various structures, there exists diversity in the performance of neural networks. However, only the appropriate network can improve the efficiency and safety in modelling nonlinear industrial process, which requires full consideration of the structure of neural network. In this study, several typical structures of neural networks are compared and analysed, and the performance differences caused by these structures are presented in detail. Finally, performance differences of neural networks with inconsistent structures are verified on several experiments. The results showed that neural networks with inconsistent structures were good at dealing with different types of nonlinear systems. Our work will provide a theoretical basis in accurately modeling the industrial production process, which is beneficial to nonlinear system control.


At the beginning of admission to college,the post-90 students will inevitably have a series of maladjustment phenomena while facing a totally new learning and living environment,such as maladjustment to environment,to learning,mental maladjustment and interpersonal maladjustments,all of which are caused by environmental changes,and many factors like self-perception offset,role transition and character differences. How to solve the mental confusion in the adaptivephase,help freshmen successfully spend the adaptive phase to finish their role transition as soon as possible so that they can throw themselves in college life,need a co-effort from all the sides concerned.


Little is known about the ability of a-linolenic acid (Ln) to remain in the sn-2 position of TG during the absorption process. The goal of this study was to determine the Ln distribution in the lymph (Study 1) and plasma (Study 2) TG of rats fed a single i.g. load of structured TG [300 mg/rat of either oleic acid (O)/Ln/O TG (OLnO) or Ln/O/O TG (LnOO), n = 7 rats]. In an early fraction (3–4 h) of lymph (OLnO group; 100% Ln in the sn-2 position), 46 6 2% Ln was maintained in this position in lymph TG. There was even less (29 6 6%) in the last fraction (7–24 h) (P , 0.05). Ln was also found (9 6 3%) in the sn-2 position of lymph TG in the LnOO group. The Ln content in lymph phospholipids was twice as high in rats when they were fed LnOO (4.2 6 0.1%) than OLnO (2.3 6 0.2%) (P , 0.005). Six hours postprandially (Study 2), 21 6 3% of the Ln incorporated into plasma TG was located in the sn-2 position in the OLnO group compared to 13 6 2% in the LnOO group (P , 0.001). Overall, these results indicate that the amount of Ln that moved from the sn-2 position of structured TG to the sn-1(3) position of lymph TG increased during absorption. This may account for a substantial hydrolysis of the 2-monolinolenylglycerols in enterocytes, leading to the intramolecular redistribution of Ln in lymph TG and, consequently, in plasma TG. J. Nutr. doi: 10.3945/jn.111.146290.


The damage locating vector (DLV) method based on dynamic response is (a) modified for structural damage detection using normalized cumulative energy (instead of stress) indicator, (b) applied to the case where the number of sensors used is small compared to the structural degrees of freedom, and (c) employed to identify multiple damaged elements of an existing structure. From the measured structural dynamic response at the reference and damaged states, the change in flexibility matrix at sensor locations is formulated based on which the DLV is calculated. The DLV is a set of static load vector which has the property that when applied to the structure at its reference state, no energy is induced in the damaged elements providing the basis to identify damaged elements. The efficiency and robustness of the proposed method are examined using both simulated and experimental data.


A framework of a user interface system to design a curved folding and to simulate its folding motion is proposed. The system simulates the folding motion of a sheet of paper while supporting the ruling transition caused by the change in the 3D shapes of the curved creases. The creases consists of one primary crease curve and one or more additional crease curves. The primary crease curve is first designed given the curvature, the torsion, and the folding angles. Then the additional crease curves are added by drawing free form curve, approximated by B-spine curves, and refined by adjusting its control points. In this adjustment process, the crossing of the rulings are resolved and a curved fold surface is obtained. The system was evaluated visually and by numerical verification, to confirm its usability and reliability.


The passage of ultrasound waves through highly heterogeneous media (e.g. hardened cement pastes that contain entrained air voids for protection against damage during freeze‐thaw cycles) leads to significant loss of wave energy and an apparent attenuation of ultrasonic signal emerging from the heterogeneous zone. The size of this attenuation depends on the correlation properties of the medium (e.g. size and volume fraction of air voids) and the wavelength and frequency content of the incident waves. An estimated of the effect can be obtained using independent scattering theory under dilute concentration assumption. The resulting attenuation characteristics are illustrated numerically. These results are discussed in comparison with experimental data of longitudinal wave attenuation in the hardened cement paste containing a low volume fraction of entrained air voids of less than 10% for a large frequency range of 500 kHz–5MHz.


High-quality financial databases have existed for many years, but human analysts can only scratch the surface of the wealth of knowledge buried in this data. Using the rule-induction technology in the Recon data-mining system, an investment strategy based purely on the learned rules can generate significant profits.


Background Non-disclosure of HIV-positive status (NDHPSS) is the individual's experience of hiding their HIV status from other people or groups. People who fail to reveal their HIV-positive serostatus risk contracting the virus again, not receiving the best possible care, and even dying. Purpose To assess predictors of NDHPSS in people living with HIV in public health facilities in Gedeo-Zone, Southern-Ethiopia. Methods In Gedeo-Zone, Southern Ethiopia, a facility-based, unmatched, case–control study was carried out from the first of February to March 30, 2022GC. With a case-to-control ratio of 1:1, a total of 360 respondents (89 cases and 271 controls) were involved. The respondents were chosen using a sequential sampling technique. EpiData-V-3.1 was used to enter the data, and SPSS-V-25 was used to analyse it. To determine the factors that were connected to the result, a binary logistic regression analysis was performed. AOR at the 95% confidence interval and p-values under 0.05 were utilised to explain their statistical significance. Results The study had 360 participants in total—271 controls and 89 cases—resulting in a response rate of 97.6%. The average age of the participants was 35.6 years (SD: 8.3). After adjusting the possible confounders, sex (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.04–7.56), residence (AORs = 3.52, 95% CI: 2.83–9.39), WHO clinical stage I (AORs = 4.68, 95% CI: 1.9–22.1), short duration of ART follow-up care (AOR = 4.21, 95% CI: 1.65–10.73), and number of lifetime sexual partners (AOR = 6.9, 95% CI: 1.86–26.3) were significantly associated factors with the outcome. Conclusion According to this study, living in a rural area and being in WHO clinical stage one, in addition to being a woman and having multiple sexual partners during one's lifetime, were predictors of non-disclosure of an HIV-positive serostatus. As a result, encouraging people with HIV in WHO stage I and those who have had more than one sexual partner in their lifetime to disclose their status and expanding counselling services for rural residents and women have a substantial impact on reducing the HIV load.


A motion controllable towed vehicle housing an acoustic Doppler current profiler, CO/sub 2/ analyzer and sensors for other physical and chemical measurements in the upper ocean mixed layer is being developed. The length of the towed vehicle is 3.84 m, breadth is 2.26 m, height 1.4 m and weight in air is 1000 kg, and the maximum submersible depth is designed as 200 m which is enough to research the ocean mixed layer. The data obtained are sent through a towing cable and analyzed by computer in real time on the mother ship.<<ETX>>


This chapter summarizes active site model complexes of molybdenum- and tungsten-dependent enzymes with dithiolene ligands mimicking the natural metal binding pyranopterin ligand. The synthetic procedures for and reactivities of these model complexes are also described.


Nowadays, more and more organizations move their data to the cloud. When it comes to cloud computing, which is common among different industries for its speed and efficiency, data has to be decrypted to allow mathematical operations to be applied to it. Thus, in this case, the original data is seen in its plain format by the third-party service, which introduces a problem of keeping the data secret to avoid data leakages. Fully Homomorphic Encryption schemes help to address this issue by making computation applicable over ciphertexts. Most of the existent solutions, while providing good data protection require huge computational resources and produce big keys and ciphertexts. In this paper, we propose a new compact fully homomorphic encryption scheme with keys and output data which are well suited for practical use.


The article analyses the ontogenesis of verbal reflection of reality at the stage of the picture of the world. The author treats the verbal reflection of reality as a multilevel system. The article presents the results of ascertaining experiments on the picture of the world development stage of the given psychological formation.


There are two distinct approaches to speeding up large parallel computers. The older method is the General Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPU). The newer is the Many Integrated Core (MIC) technology . Here we attempt to focus on the MIC technology and point out differences between the two approaches to accelerating supercomputers. This is a user perspective.


Chemical burns onto oral mucosa which are infrequent, may result from contact with a wide variety of chemical agents. The degree of injury depends on the chemical, its concentration, duration of contact, and the natural penetrability and resistance of the tissues involved. Chemicals do not usually "burn"in that they do not cause destruction by hyperthermic activity. Rather, they damage tissue
by causing coagulation of protein by one of several processes, reduction, oxidation, desiccation, corrosion, or vesication. Paraquat(Gramoxon) is the most frequently agricultural chemicals that induce the severe toxic reactions onto the organs of human body in Korea. The toxic reaction are composed of pulmonary edema and fibrosis, formation of hyaline membrane, inflammatory reaction and bleeding tendency, owing to the cell damage by the production of superoxide radicals. The contents of essential treatment in paraquat intoxication are commonly airway and breathing maintenance, gastric lavage, much hydration and diuresis, hemoperfusion and medications for the removal of the chemicals and the prevention of various complications. The sedative oral dressings, such as, orabase ointment application, warm saline gargling, lidocaine viscous gargling and oral gargling by the mixed solutions(tetracycline, prednisolone and 10% dextrose water) are important for the improvement of chemical oral mucositis and the comfortable feeding of diet. The authors managed properly two cases of oral chemical mucositis that were occurred by the incorrect use of agricultural chemicals(paraquat) and report the cases with the review of literatures about care of the chemical intoxication and oral mucositis.


1. Introductions and Personal Information 2. Learning ASL 3. Politeness 4. Descriptions 5. Requests 6. Expressing Yourself 7. More Descriptions 8. Family and Friends 9. More Descriptions 10. At Home and Daily Living 11. Food and Food Shopping 12. Offering and Declining 13. More Expressing Yourself 14. Experiences and Current Activity 15. Future Plans and Obligations 16. Directions and Instructions 17. Suggestions and Advice 18. Attitudes and Opinions 19. Recreational Activities 20. Travel-Places and experiences 21. Occupations and Professions 22. The Body, Health and Emergencies 23. Current Events 24. How Things are Done


Background: The axis vertebra's distinguishing characteristic is the existence of the odontoid process. The axis vertebra's morphology is very different from the morphologies of the other cervical vertebrae. Surgery on the axis vertebrae is exceedingly risky, and dens of axis vertebrae fractures are fairly common. As a result, it is essential to have a good grasp of the anatomical variance before performing the procedure. The study aimed to evaluate the morphometric parameters of the odontoid process of the axis vertebra. The different anatomical parameters of the odontoid process of the vertebra will be measured and compared with the previously studied parameters.
Methods: Thirty dried human axis vertebrae of unknown sex will be taken. The linear and angular morphometric measurements of odontoid process will be recorded by using vernier caliper and goniometer.
Results: The mean height, a-p diameter, and minimum and maximum width were 15.8mm, 10.7mm, 10.3mm and 8.5mm respectively. The total height and vertical angle were 38.1mm and 52.2 degrees respectively.
Conclusions: To prevent damage to vital components and to help treat dens fractures, the information gleaned from this study may be helpful to surgeons working around the dens of the axis vertebra.


One of the most important collectionsof data onthe Dutchdialects is the impressive Eeeks Nederlandse Dialectatlassen (the Series of Dutch Dialect Atlases), started by Edgar BLANCQUAEBT during the twenties. For the most part my inquiry into changes of consonant clusters is based on that collection. My first aim was to determine what kind of changes had taken place in the southern part of the Dutch Language Area. This geographic restriction has been made for practical reasons: i.e. (that is) not too much data (even so, I still have material for about 1200 places). Secondly, I wanted to know whether those changes are the result of phonological rules which are still part of the grammar or the lexicalized result of rules operating in the past. Finally, I have tried to find an explanation for the origin of the rules and for their different form. Most of the changes of consonant clusters which occur in the southern Dutch dialects concern liquid-initial clusters, the same kind of clusters which can be, or are changed also in other languages. Examples in English are work, word, worst, without original r. The first kind of clusters which I want to discuss is a word final (or syllabic final) cluster of a liquid followed by a non-dental (i.e. non-homorganic) consonant, possibly followed by another consonant: melk, markt, half, etc. The change that occurs in these clusters is the insertion of schwa between liquid and non-dental consonant; see (1), —Ίί)-[·-cor melk (milk) -+ mel k werk (work) -> werok half (half) -+ halof wa.rf (farmyard) -» wa.ref erX (bad) -+ ereX markt (market) -> marokt


We employ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) as a diagnostic tool to better understand the chemical and physical changes that occur in a Li-ion battery electrode during battery cycling. In this work, XAS is used in situ at the Fe K edge to observe lithium iron phosphate cathodes, with either lithium metal or carbon anodes during battery cycling. A comparison between the first and fourth cycle is made using both the XANES (X-ray absorption near edge) and EXAFS (extended X-ray absorption fine structure) analysis techniques on a stable working battery and a failing one (with significantly reduced capacity after each cycle). For the first time, we use the Δμ XANES technique to isolate chemical changes that fall in the XANES region due to Li intercalation/de-intercalation during the charge/discharge. The Δμ XANES experimental results are then compared with FEFF8 calculations on model LiyFeOx structures to assign the different Δμ signatures, for instance to Li removal with or without Fe-O bond length change.


Data Mining is the set of activities used to find new, hidden, or unexpected patterns in data. Many organizations are now using these data mining techniques. Research in data mining continues growing in business and in learning organization over coming decades. Data mining methods may be classified by the function they perform or by their class of applications. Using this approach, four major categories of processing algorithms and rule approaches emerge: 1) Classification, 2) Association, 3) Sequence and 4) Cluster. This paper explores various data mining techniques like Artificial Neural Network, Back propagation, MLP, GRNN, Decision Tree etc. used in prediction of water quality. This survey focuses on how data mining techniques are used for water quality Prediction is analyzed.


SUMMARY Two experiments were conducted to study the performance and carcass quality of broilers in response to varying composition of a diet low in ME, through the supplementation of graded levels of soybean oil. In an initial study, isocaloric (2,965 kcal/kg) and isonitrogenous (21.7%) cornsoybean diets were supplemented with 10, 20, or 30 g/kg of soybean oil. In a second experiment, diets containing ME levels of 2,940 and 3,040 kcal/kg were supplemented with soybean oil levels of 20 or 40 g/kg. In both experiments, supplementation of up to 30 or 40 g of oil/kg of diet resulted in increases of 175 and 120 g (P < 0.05) in BW gain and 97 and 91 g (P ≤ 0.06) in ready-to-cook (RTC) carcass weight at 49 d, respectively. There was a linear decrease (P < 0.05) in percentage deposition of abdominal fat pad only in diets containing 2,965 (Experiment 1) or 2,940 (Experiment 2) kcal of ME/kg with no significant changes in RTC carcass and whole breast or pectoralis major muscle yields and RTC carcass composition. Improvements in production parameters can be achieved in broiler chickens fed a low ME diet through the addition of moderate levels of soybean oil.


The development of technology and information is increasingly advanced and rapid, making it easy for people to access the internet looking for various kinds of information. One source of information that is often accessed is social media, especially social media Instagram. The rise of the user's social media especially instagram provides opportunities that can be exploited for employers to do digital marketing, as did Ortuseight. Ortuseight is a local brand that was founded in 2018, with a focus on selling futsal and football shoes. Ortuseight promotes its products through e-wom which utilizes Instagram media and uses celebrity endorsers to give trust to consumers. The purpose of this study is analyze the influence of e-wom and celebrity endorsers on purchasing decisions shoes Ortuseight. This research method uses a quantitative approach, with multiple linear regression analysis techniques. Data collection for distributing questionnaires via google form to 50 people who have purchased  Ortuseight shoes. The results of this study include: 1) e-wom partially has a significant effect on purchasing decisions; 2) celebrity endorsers partially do not affect purchasing decisions; 3) electronic word of mouth and celebrity endorser simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. This research concludes that simultaneously the e-wom and celebrity endorser variables have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. However, a partially e-wom variable has a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions.

Keywords: e-wom, celebrity endorser, purchase decision, ortuseight.


This article examines the problem of urban transformation strategies applied in recent years which are based on the creation of new water areas and modification of existing ones. The research is an attempt to prove that modifications of plans of water areas and forms of their borders may play an important role in achieving the best quality public spaces in post-industrial territories. The basis for demonstrating the importance of modifying water borders, and introducing new forms of water-based structures in cities, are theoretical surveys, comparative studies and in-field analyses. It can be seen that post-industrial areas, which used to create voids in the urban fabric, can be perceived as unique but isolated places that should be integrated into the layout of cities. Thus, creating continuity of public spaces that will relate converted areas to their surroundings is a well-known objective of many transformation strategies. This research proves that an effective strategy toward achieving this goal can be based on the modification of relationships between land and water. Namely, the introduction of new water areas, designing new pieces of land that protrude into the water, softening the boundaries of water lines or the opposite, like structuring smaller water flows into well-defined canals, may significantly contribute to the quality of public spaces. As such, all of this fosters the development of sustainable cities and contributes significantly to the emergence of high-quality urban landscapes.


This paper presents the tale of a replication experiment. The main characters are operating systems, Hessians, scaling, double-peaked likelihoods, and the limits of PC computing. Some of these characters, especially the Hessians, looked scary at first, but turned out to be sheep in wolves' clothing. In other words, the story has a happy ending. To appreciate the twists and turns, we go back and start at the beginning. Once upon a time, indeed, in the June 2003 issue of the AER, B. D. McCullough and H. D. Vinod (2003; "MV" hereafter) set out to test the AER replication policy. While many AER authors were invited to participate in this replication event, few answered the call. We did. MV singled out our cooperation and honoring of the AER replication policy. MV replicated the results in our 1999 AER paper (Shachar and Nalebuff, 1999). You might have expected that we would be happy. But we were not. MV were concerned not only with replication but also with reliability of nonlinear estimation procedures. Specifically, they were concerned that nonlinear solvers can produce inaccurate answers. They believe that this is a systemic problem with empirical research in economics. Thus, they proposed a four-step method to verify the solution from a nonlinear solver. Using data from our paper to illustrate their point they conclude (referring to our 1999 article as "SN"):


Carbon nanotubes are interested materials due to their excellent unique properties such as mechanical, thermal, chemical, and electronic properties. However, the carbon nanotubes are insoluble in both water and organic solvents and less dispersion. Thus the use of carbon nanotube is in narrow range. The functionalization of carbon nanotubes is an efficiency method, which has been used extensively to improve its solubility and dispersion properties. The functionalizing agents for functionalization on carbon nanotubes are strong acid, polymer, metal, biomolecule, and compound containing alkyl and aromatic. The carbon nanotubes, which functionalized by these functionalizing agents were more soluble in solvents than pristine carbon nanotubes.


Type, intensity and duration of exercise, determining the effect of exercise on the immune system. This study is aimed to investigate the of moderate intensity training on Changes of Total Leukocytes and Leukocytes subsets counts in men football player. 11 male college football player of Jahrom University who had at least six months football training, participated in this quazi-experimental study. The (means±SD) age, height, weight and BMI of subjects were as follow: (21.90 ±0.87 yr, 170 ± 0.04 cm, 64.42 ± 6.44kg and 22.05 ± 1.68 kg / m-2 ). In this study, subjects, runs for 30 min at 65 % [moderate-intensity training] maximal Heart rate. Blood was drawn immediately before and after exercise. The data were analyzed using SPSS12 with dependent t-student test and statically significance was set at P £ 0.05.The result showed that Total Leukocytes, Lymphocytes and Monocytes counts decreased and Neutrophils and Eosinophil counts increased after moderate intensity training. And also, we demonstrated that significant decreased in Lymphocytes after moderate intensity training. These data demonstrate that a session moderate intensity training leads to Levels changes of leukocytes and subsets, but these changes not significant in total Leukocytes.
Keywords: football, leukocyte, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Neutrophils, moderate intensity training


This paper compares how frontline staff in four national child welfare systems and policy contexts – Finland, Norway, England and the USA (specifically, California) – respond to questions about a scenario of possible harm to children. The countries have different child welfare systems that we anticipated would be reflected in the workers' responses (n = 1027). The analysis shows differences and similarities between the systems, although often not in line with system expectations. There is also variation within the country samples. The study shows the complex interactions of individual and agency characteristics in addition to the role of proceduralised decision-making systems and professional discretion.

'Compares how frontline staff in four national child welfare systems and policy contexts... respond to... a scenario of possible harm to children'

Key Practitioner Messages
Professional discretion differs.
Proceduralised and high threshold systems result in less variation between workers' responses.
System categories do not seem to capture the nuances of frontline decision-making.


An algebraic curvature tensor is called Osserman if the eigenvalues of the associated Jacobi operator are constant on the unit sphere. A Riemannian manifold is called conformally Osserman if its Weyl conformal curvature tensor at every point is Osserman. We prove that a conformally Osserman manifold of dimension $n \ne 3, 4, 16$ is locally conformally equivalent either to a Euclidean space or to a rank-one symmetric space.


Worn screws can be rebuilt in a number of ways. David Estall of Wall Colmonoy makes a case for the various hard-surfacing techniques, which he says offer a metallurgical rather than a purely mechanical bond to the base material of the original screw.


The government has authorised a £1m (€1.2m; $1.6m) leaflet campaign to inform households in England about the care data programme that will link patient information from different NHS providers.

NHS England and the Health and Social Care Information Centre will set out to explain the system and what "benefits" it will bring.

The leaflets, to be sent out in January 2014, will inform people …


We will first give a brief overview of Hidden Markov Models (HMMS) and their use in Computational Molecular Biology. In particular, we will describe a detailed application of HMMs to the G-Protein-Coupled-Receptor Superfamily. We will also describe a number of analytical results on HMMS that can be used in discrimination tests, and data base mining, We will then discuss the limitations of HMMs and some new directions of research. If time permits, we will conclude with some recent results on the application of HMMs to human gene modeling and parsing.


The aim of the chapter is to summarize our understanding of the compositional distribution across the different reservoirs of small bodies (main belt asteroids, giant planet trojans, irregular satellites of the giant planets, TNOs, comets). We then use this information to i) discuss current dynamical models (Nice and Grand Tack models), ii) mention possible caveats in these models if any, and iii) draw a preliminary version of the primordial compositional gradient across the solar system before planetary migrations occured. Note that the composition of both planetary satellites (the regular ones) and that of the transient populations (NEOs, centaurs) is not discussed here. We strictly focus on the composition of the main reservoirs of small bodies. The manuscript's objective is to provide a global and synthetic view of small bodies' compositions rather than a very detailed one, for specific reviews regarding the composition of small bodies, see papers by Burbine (2014) for asteroids, Emery et al. (2015) for Jupiter trojans, Mumma and Charnley (2011) for comets, and Brown (2012) for KBOs.


In recent years growing interest has been dedicated to photoemission experiments at high energy because a significant bulk sensitivity in photoemission measurements can be achieved only by increasing the kinetic energy of the analysed photoelectrons. Within the 5th European framework, a RTD project named VOLPE (VOLume PhotoEmission from solids) has been funded. Aim of the project is to measure bulk electronic properties on solids by the Photoemission Spectroscopy with Synchrotron Radiation preserving an energy resolution comparable to modern surface sensitive photoemission spectra. This will be possible by performing photoemission experiments in a photolectron Kinetic Energy range of 6–10 keV, keeping the overall energy resolution at 20–30 meV. Presently, the beamline ID16 at ESRF posses the necessary characteristics (1011 photons/sec and 15–100 meV resolution at photon energies between 6 keV and 15 keV) to perform these class of experiments, while a new spectrometer is being developed in the framework of VOLPE project. This spectrometer is an hemispherical deflector analyser with electrostatic input lens and 2D position sensitive detector. The spectrometer will be characterised by an ultimate resolving power of 3 105 @ 10 keV. We will report on the particular lens system developed for this project which is optimised to guarantee very high retarding ratio, between 50 and 600, with constant linear magnification. A prototype of this lens has been realised and we will report on the first measurements performed at INFM, Unita Roma Tre.


Of the system to achieve the "digital electronic technology," computer-aided instruction and curriculum experimental system integration,so that we can do experiments,the regiment edge interactive theoretical guidance.Real meaning of the integration of teaching progress.Computer-aided teaching system demonstrated by the computer to work on circuit theory and transmission control instructions,assisted by the experimental system SCM system logic circuit simulation functions.The system also meets the production of the Integrated Training courses promoting the project is in the grasp of the digital electronic technology knowledge,at the same time,the single-chip microcomputer courses to lay a solid foundation for students learning.


Industrial evolution has brought about major changes in the delivery of education, one of which is the emergence of learning applications. The Hai Mentor learning application is a learning startup platform to increase knowledge and the quality of learning for its users. However, its users still need to be more optimal. For this reason, an appropriate marketing strategy is needed through digital marketing using Sostac so that the Hai Mentor application can increase its users. The research aims to find out how digital marketing is using the Sostac method in the Hai Mentor application, how is the decision to use the Hai Mentor application, and how digital marketing influences the Sostac method on the decision to use the Hai Mentor application. This research is descriptive verification research. Descriptive is used to explore the variables studied, while verification measures the relationship between variables. The population of this study was students in the city of Bandung who had downloaded the Hai Mentor application with a sample size of 100. This research found that digital marketing carried out by the Hai Mentor application was in a high category; The decision to use the Hai Mentor application is in the sufficient category, and digital marketing has a significant effect on the decision to use the hai mentor application with a very strong level of influence classification.Keywords: Digital Marketing, Purchasing Decisions


Fiber spectrometers have important applications in many areas. In order to obtain accurate measurement results, the wavelength of the spectrometer needs to be calibrated. A fussy but more accurate calibration method is proposed, which uses more than 100 spectral lines from 6 element gas discharge lamps to perform peak coarse positioning, interpolation and peak seeking processing to derive a wavelength correction formula. Compared with the original data, the calibrated wavelength has higher accuracy. After calibrated, the errors are within 0.008 nm if we measure the certain corrected spectral lines. In addition, the error of any wavelength, which is not included in 6-element gas discharge lamp, is less than 0.025nm in the full spectrum range (200nm-1080nm). The results show that the calibration of a large number of standard lines allows the spectrometer to achieve sub-pixel wavelength accuracy. But the overall accuracy improvement is limited.


A considerable temperature difference in semitransparent oxide particles due to intensive heating in plasma spraying makes it difficult to interpret the optical measurements of their temperature. The problem of determining the bulk temperature of such particles from the experimental data on the color temperature is analyzed by using a recently proposed approximate model for the radiation transfer inside a nonisothermal refracting spherical particle. The same approximation is also employed for developing an improved model of particle heating, taking into account the radiation-conduction interaction inside the particle. Calculations for Al 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 particles in a typical plasma jet show that the color temperature of oxide particles may be less than or greater than their bulk temperature, depending on the spectral absorption coefficient of particle substance. This temperature difference during the melting of particles may reach the value of 200-300 K. A procedure for in situ evaluation of the absorption coefficient by comparison of color and brightness temperatures of molten particles is proposed.