In contexts of land conflict and deep social divisions, evaluations of dirty and disordered landscapes carry social and political weight. This article employs a "political dwelling" perspective in southern Israel to examine how links between Bedouin character, litter and disorder, and lawlessness have become widespread, even naturalized, among many government officials and Jewish residents and even some Bedouin Arab residents. Contemporary trash talk draws on, but simultaneously masks, a history of state-building projects that employed Orientalist evaluations of order and disorder and segregationist approaches to development. While this masking of social construction is a property of all symbolically powerful social distinctions, I argue that the distinctions undergirding trash talk are especially accessible for normalization because of the language of nature within which they are expressed—natural landscapes, ethnic groups, and human nature. As a result, trash talk naturalizes links between dirty places, disorderly people, and the need to remove (or reform) them. This trash talk has profound emotional and material consequences for Bedouin residents of Israel because the discourse makes it easier for many within mainstream Israeli society to treat Bedouin Arabs themselves as matter out of place and to justify various acts of social control.


Cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural area, Sripuram of Tamil nadu from November 2012 to June 2013 in which 505 individuals participated, the main objective being to find out the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetics among rural population of India and also to find out the risk factors associated with type 2 Diabetes. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the rural area Sripuram of Tamil nadu. Sample were selected through house to house survey by simple random technique. Data collection was done by household survey by direct interview using a pre- tested and structured questionnaire. Blood glucose was measured by one touch glucometer as per WHO recommendation. Results revealed that: Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes estimated through this study among was 11.1% that is 56 persons out of 505 subjects which was higher than the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among rural area. Some of the factors that have strong association with diabetes mellitus (physical activity, BMI, waist circumference) are also potentially modifiable factors hence targeting the prevention to these modifiable risk factors will drastically reduce the overall prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus.


Principles of multiservice networks design on the basis of multiprotocol label switching are considered. Guidance for label designation and switching is presented.


As a relatively thin absorbent articles, fitting well, not twisted, but also provides an absorbent article having excellent absorbency. At least a liquid permeable sheet, a liquid impermeable sheet, and the art liquid-permeable sheet and the art fluid-impervious in the absorbent article having an absorber sandwiched between the sheets, the art absorbent article of the skin surface abutting side, the art liquid-permeable sheet and the art absorber to integration, at least the compression tank grooves in respective side edge portions in the longitudinal direction is arranged in the absorbent central region, and the absorbent article is disposed with a plurality of point-like pressed portion interval.


Based on the experiment data of hot metal pretreatment by powder injecting in water model,the influences of handling parameters on transport dynamic basic parameters (uniform mixing time,powder penetration ratio,residence time of powder) and the definite function form of transport dynamic basic parameters were gotten by linear regression.


Purpose The study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of polymerase chain reaction–based high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) assays on self-collected vaginal and urine samples for detection of precancerous cervical lesions in referral population. Materials and Methods Women referred for colposcopy following abnormal cytology, were included this study. A total of 314 matched urine, vaginal, and cervical samples were collected. All samples were tested for HPV DNA using the RealTime HR-S HPV and Anyplex II HPV 28 assays. Primary endpoints were sensitivity for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2+/CIN3+ and specificity for <CIN2. Secondary endpoints were the relative accuracy of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) test results in vaginal and urine samples versus cervical samples. Results The sensitivity of Realtime HR-S and Anyplex HPV assay was 93.13% (95% confidence interval [CI], 87.36 to 96.81) and 90.08% (95% CI, 83.63 to 94.61) for CIN2+ (n=130); specificity for <CIN2 was 32.69% (95% CI, 25.03 to 38.97) and 33.33% (95% CI, 26.26 to 41.00), respectively. Relative sensitivity of Realtime HR-S and Anyplex HPV tests for the detection of CIN2+ in vaginal versus cervical samples were 0.91 (95% CI, 0.90 to 1.03) and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.75 to 1.02), respectively; urine versus cervical comparisons were 0.79 (95% CI, 0.70 to 0.92) and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.61 to 0.89). Conclusion The detection performance for hrHPV and CIN2+ on self-collected vaginal samples was comparable to that of clinician-collected cervical samples. On the other hand, HPV tests using urine were inferior to those using clinician-collected cervical samples in terms of detecting hrHPV and CIN2+.


AIM:To investigate the temporal and spatial e xpression of Shh mRNA in late stage of tooth development in mouse and discus s its role in cytodifferentiation of amelololast and odontoblast.M ETHODS:The embryo- nic mouse mandibles of late stage of developm ental tooth (E16.5~P1.5) were obtained and 5 μm serial sections were made.The expression pattern of Shh mRNA was analysed by means of in situ hybridi zation.RESULTS:Shh mRNA was expressed strongly in the inne r dental epithelium,stratum intermedium and expressed weakly in the odontoblast during the late developmental stage of tooth.CONCLUSION:Shh may participate in the differentiation of ameloblast and odontoblast as a pa racrine and autocrine signaling molecule.


Musculoskeletal conditions are common in all countries and cultures. They include joint diseases, spinal disorders, back and regional pain problems, osteoporosis and fragility fractures, and consequences of injuries and trauma. They affect hundreds of millions of people around the world. They are characterised by long-term pain and physical disability, of which they are the commonest cause. They have the worst impact on quality of life of many chronic diseases. As a consequence they are a major burden on health and social care. This burden will increase with changing demographics of populations across the globe. There are effective ways of preventing and controlling musculoskeletal conditions but these are not being implemented with equity and there is a lack of policies and priorities for the prevention, management and research related to these conditions. As a result there is enormous unmet need and avoidable disability.


The term behavioral sensitization refers to the intensification of the behavioral effects of a drug upon repeated administration. Sensitization is a rather complex phenomenon that involves unconditioned and conditioned components, and the relative importance of these components may be different among different drugs. The current interest in sensitization is largely due to the proposed role of sensitization mechanisms in the development and long-term maintenance of addiction. This paper will focus on some behavioral aspects of sensitization and will briefly describe the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. In behavioral pharmacology, the effect that is most commonly studied in the context of sensitization is locomotor behavior. All drugs of abuse, including psychostimulants and strong opiates, produce a certain degree of locomotor sensitization. This sensitization can persist for very long times after the treatment period. Sensitization to cocaine and amphetamine has been studied most thoroughly, but data on morphine sensitization suggest that, although there may be certain differences among drugs, essentially the same mechanisms operate during sensitization to drugs of abuse from different classes. Possibilities to pharmacologically modify the development and expression of sensitization have been explored intensively. Most interest focused on various glutamate receptor ligands, including NMDA, AMPA and mGluR antagonists. While the general picture suggests that the neural plasticity underlying sensitization can be blocked by such mistake state-dependency effects for genuine pharmacological blockade of sensitization.


Interval consensus problem of multi-agent systems is a new consensus problem in which the multi-agent system given by the proposed protocol can globally asymptotically converge to a specified point on the closed and bounded interval. In this paper, we discuss interval consensus problem of multi-agent systems with two types of time-delays, i.e., communication delay and input delay. Our work shows that the communication delay does not affect the consensus while the input delay does. For communication delay, the system given by the proposed protocol can reach globally asymptotically interval consensus with any time delay. As for bounded input delay, the system given by the proposed protocol can reach globally asymptotically interval consensus and then the system can also achieve a generalized interval average-consensus if the directed graph is balanced. Simulations are provided that demonstrate the effectiveness of our theoretical results.


Polymer molecular weight significantly influences end-use product properties such as elasticity, toughness, and tensile strength. A chain transfer agent (CTA), tertiary-dodecyl mercaptan was utilized to control molecular weight. Calorimetry enables product property estimation by exploiting the knowledge inferred from mass and energy balances. We developed a calorimetry model to estimate conversion and molecular weight of polystyrene for emulsion polymerization in batch and semibatch operations. The model also provides the effects of CTA in variable modes of operation. We found that the CTA is significantly able to reduce molecular weight in semibatch compared to batch reactor operation. The calorimetry model was found to be suitable for monitoring the emulsion polymerization process and to track the evolution of molar mass while implementing process optimization and control.


The present study investigates the influence of magneto-combustion on the macro pollutants emitted from a multi point fuel injection (MPFI) automotive engine. The regulated emissions of an auto engine include carbon monoxide, un-burnt hydrocarbon (UBHC)and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) which are the by-products of internal combustion of the hydrocarbon fuel used. Depending upon the physiochemical characteristics of pollutants and their concentrations, these pollutants result in numerous physical ailments and mortality. Magneto-combustion is an under investigated technology which effectively reduces the emission of toxic vehicular exhaust. The exposure to an external magnetic field realigns the hydrocarbon structure and alters its combustion properties. The tests conducted on a Maruthi Zen MPFI engine under two different patterns of magnetisation resulted in a maximum reduction of carbon monoxide by 23.97%, UBHC by 13.1% and NOx by 5.23%, thereby reduced the cumulative negative impact on the environment.


A team of international researchers, led by Lieber, the Mark Hyman, Jr. Professor of Chemistry, an international team of researchers developed a method for fabricating nano-scale electronic scaffolds that can be injected via syringe. Once connected to electronic devices, the scaffolds can be used to monitor neural activity, stimulate tissues and even promote regenerations of neurons. The study is described in a June 8 paper in Nature Nanotechnology.


Background The predictive values of monocytes in the prognosis of patients with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning are unclear. This retrospective study investigated the predictive values of monocytes in the prognosis of patients with acute PQ poisoning. Methods Adult patients who suffered from acute PQ poisoning in the emergency care unit of Cangzhou Central Hospital from May 2012 to December 2018 were enrolled. The patients were divided into groups, namely, survival and nonsurvival, according to a 90-day prognosis. Moreover, correlation, logistic regression, receiver-operator characteristic (ROC), and Kaplan–Meier curve analyses were applied to evaluate the monocyte values used to predict the prognosis of patients with acute PQ poisoning. Result Among the 109 patients, 45 survived within 90 days after the poisoning, resulting in a 41.28% survival rate. The monocyte count of the nonsurvivors was significantly higher than that of the survivors (P< 0.001). Correlation analysis showed that monocyte count positively correlated with plasma PQ concentration (r= 0.413; P< 0.001) and negatively correlated with survival time (r= 0.512; P< 0.001) and 90-day survival (r= 0.503; P< 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated monocytes were the independent risk factors for the 90-day survival. The area under the ROC curve of the monocyte count used to predict the 90-day survival was 0.826 (95% CI: 0.751–0.904), the optimal cut-off was 0.51×109/L, sensitivity was 73.4%, and specificity was 86.7%. Conclusion This study demonstrated that elevated monocyte count is a useful early predictor of 90-day survival in patients with acute PQ poisoning. However, further studies are warranted to draw firm conclusions.


A phase synchronisation method is proposed for beam-scanning control, utilising a newly identified phase synchronisation pattern. The proposed method provides more flexible control compared to conventional methods, even in noisy, non-ideal environments, as confirmed by systematic simulations and mathematical analysis.


Luxun was expert at using the apt word added to clinch the point.He displayed the character's destiny and personality through his facial expression, language and action, which were expressed usually by one word.


The 2009/2010 outbreak of H1N1 thrust pandemic influenza into the media spotlight. Not only did the outbreak dominate media coverage during that time, but news coverage also played an integral part in the official public health response for public communication across Canada. As influenza pandemics are notoriously fraught with scientific uncertainty, much of that news coverage centred on risk (e.g. infection, vaccination). Over the past several decades, risk has emerged as a central organizing principle and a prevailing characteristic of modernity, and recent studies on the discursive constitution of risk claim that risk discourses operate as a technology of governance within neoliberal societies. To date, very little work has been done to explore the discursive constitution of H1N1, or H1N1 risk, within the news media. To address this gap, I analyzed print news coverage of the H1N1 outbreak within two major English-language, Canadian daily newspapers, The Globe and Mail and The Toronto Star. Applying a governmentality and risk perspective as an analytic lens, and informed by the theoretical concepts of biopower and biopedagogy, I explored how media discourses on risk made possible particular ways of acting, seeing, and talking about ourselves, both as individuals and in social groups. The results indicate that three distinct strands of risk discourse were operating in the media during the H1N1 pandemic: 'causal tales' which serve as explanations of risk; 'cautionary tales' which warn of expanded H1N1 risk; and, 'precautionary tales' which offer instructions for


The proposal to have this meeting arose from biochemical studies. But we believe that the results obtained have wider implications in the field of physiology and cytology. Biochemists have taken a part in the study of events occurring at the synapse ever since the transmitter theory was first enunciated. In fact, one of the first successes of the new theory was a biochemical one: the interpretation of the action of physostigmine as an inhibition of an enzyme, now called acetylcholinesterase (Loewi & Navratil 1926). However, until recently the role of the biochemist in the study of synaptic transmission has been an ancillary one. He has provided information on the enzymic equipment of neurons, especially the equipment with enzymes involved in transmitter formation, and he has also studied transmitter inactivation. But now, in the past year or two, the biochemists have also begun to share in the study of the events that occur during transmission. These recent observations were made on adrenergic neurons. To the student of adrenergic systems the transmitter theory has been particularly relevant. The catecholamines have a dual function. In the chromaffin tissue they are secreted as true hormones, and at the endings of adrenergic neurons they are released as transmitters. It was this link that Dr Arnold Welch and I had in mind when we wrote the paper in which we described our early observations on chromaffin granules. We ended the discussion of this paper, dedicated to Otto Loewi on the occasion of his eightieth birthday, with the sentence: 'Such an interpretation would be in harmony with a concept that regards " secretion" from glandular tissue and " liberation" from nerves as events that are fundamentally related' (Blaschko & Welch 1953).


Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) are at high risk of infections, including fungal pathogens, which can lead to hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and increased mortality. Our aim is to evaluate the frequency and outcome of fungal urinary tract infections (FUTIs) in hospitalized patients with CLD and HE.


Jiudao-24" was bred through hybridization by Jilin Institute of Agricultural Science.The variety has the characteristics of early maturity,high yield,good quality and strong resistance.It was examined and approved by Jilin Crop Variety Committee on March 1999.


The high concentration Nd and impurity elements Al,Si,Mn,Cr,Mg,Zr,Ca in Fe\|Nd alloys were determined by ICP\|AES.The interference effects of matrix element Fe and high concentration Nd on impurity elements were studied.The suitable analytical lines and internal standard lines were selected.The detect limits of the method were determined.The recoveries are in the range of 87%_113%.The method is accurate,rapid and convenient.


From the Resources for Tomorrow Conference held in 1961 came the recommendation for more research in the field of Recreation. With this challenge the thesis outlines various studies dealing with the classification and inventory of recreation lands. Because of the lack of correlation found to exist between the expected location of recreation sites based upon a capability classification and the observed locations of inventoried recreation sites, further analysis was undertaken. The results indicate that the potential of an outdoor rural recreation site is largely a function of historical, physical, accessibility, population, activity/facility and economic/ political factors. These parameters, used in a systems behavioural approach, are analyzed using Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada as a study base. Essentially, they form a basic model that can be used by the recreation planner to identify, investigate and more comprehensively understand the real potential of an area for outdoor


The problem of answering queries using views arises in a wide variety of data management applications. From the information-theoretic perspective, a notion of determinacy has been recently introduced to formalize the intuitive notion that whether a set of views V is sufficient to answer a query Q. We say that V determines Q iff for any two databases D1, D2, V(D1) = V(D2) implies Q(D1) = Q(D2). Determinacy has been investigated for many query and view languages including first order logic (FO) and unions of conjunctive queries (UCQ) and a considerable number of cases are resolved. However the problem remains open for queries and views defined by conjunctive queries (CQ) and appears to be quite challenging. In this paper we study the problem of determinacy for conjunctive queries and views over unary database schemas where each relation has only one attribute. We show that determinacy is decidable in ptime in this case. We provide syntactic characterizations for a CQ query Q to be determined by a set of CQ views V and give an algorithm for checking determinacy which runs in time O(|Q| * |V|) where |Q| and |V| are the sizes of Q and V respectively. Furthermore we show that whenever V determines Q there exists a CQ query which is an equivalent rewriting of Q using V.


Introduction As the introduction to this book notes, sustainability within urban development is a concept that embraces socio-economic issues alongside physical, environmental and political factors. Barton (2000) suggests that the phrase 'sustainable development' may in itself be a paradox, seeking to conjoin two seemingly irreconcilable principles, those of environmental sustainability and economic development. This apparent paradox has led to the development of different uses of the term of sustainable development, with their own emphasis: a global ecology-centred use, and a peoplecentred use, which has subsequently been most widely accepted internationally (Barton, 2000). The latter emphasize the principle of equity (Elkin et al., 1991). Ensuring that development is equitable (for existing and future generations) involves enabling all sections of society to gain access to resources and opportunities for employment, shelter and recreation. Inequity is not just a major concern in its own right, it also implies inefficient use of resources, particularly human resources, and can lead to environmental degradation and resource depletion (Elkin et al, 1991).


Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and highly aggressive hematological malignancy that is derived from the precursors of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Although BPDCN typically manifests in the skin, it can also evolve into a leukemic form or be complicated by acute myeloid leukemia, and some cases involve preceding myelodysplastic syndrome. We report the case of a 73-year-old Chinese man who presented with 2-yearold erythematous papules on his prothorax and back. Skin biopsy and immunohistochemistry revealed that the cells exhibited an immature blastic appearance (positive for CD4, CD123, and CD56, and negative for CD2, CD3, and CD20), which indicated a diagnosis of BPDCN. Due to his age, the patient was treated using methylprednisolone (20 mg/m2/day on days 1-7), which was followed by a mini-CHOP regimen (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone). We observed a significant treatment effect, and report this case to describe and discuss our experience with this successful treatment.


Erzwungene Wege ["Forced journeys"] is the title of the newly opened exhibition at the German Historical Museum in Berlin on the history of forced migration in Europe. It has been organized by the German League of Expellees, which represents Germans forced to migrate after WWII, and is a step towards the League's goal to set up a permanent exhibition in the German capital. The exhibition has been the source of ongoing diplomatic conflict between Germany and its eastern neighbours -above all Poland -since the League called on Poland to pay compensation to former German owners of Polish property and even opposed Poland's accession to the EU. Philipp Ther outlines the background of the historical conflict between Germany and Poland, the reasons behind the paradigm shift from culprit to victim in the German view of its history, and the enduring and very different memory in Poland of the German occupation.


A new program to perform fast sequential and parametric whole powder profile refinement of in situ time-resolved powder diffraction data is presented. The program interacts with the launch mode kernel of the total powder pattern analysis software suite Topas® for doing the refinements. The program provides a graphical interface platform, upon which the huge Topas input command files necessary to perform sequential and parametric refinements can be easily prepared and executed. This program requires the user license dongle for Topas academic version 3 or higher.


Cognitive science of religion is a fairly young discipline with the aim of studying the cognitive basis of religious belief. Despite the great variation in theories a number of common features can be distilled and most theories can be situated in the cognitivist and modular paradigm. In this paper, I investigate how cognitive science of religion (CSR) can be made better by insights from John Dewey. I picked Dewey because he offered important insights in cognition long before there was cognitive science and because his ideas are influential in the recent enactivist movement. The relevance of Dewey's thought for CSR will be discussed under three headers: embodiedness, embeddedness and anti-modularity. I focus on these points because embodiedness and embeddedness are important features of Dewey's view on cognition and because his ideas are useful for criticizing modularity. I will first give a brief overview of the most influential theories in CSR. Then I will discuss how existing theories in CSR can be improved on the first two points and criticized on the third.


What is GIBS? The Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS) provides full resolution imagery representations of NASA Earth science data in a free, open, and interoperable manner. Through responsive and highly available web services, it enables interactive exploration of data to support a wide range of applications including scientific research, applied sciences, natural hazard monitoring, and outreach.


Objective
To investigate the effects of sodium valproate on visceral tissue perfusion and survival rate of abdominal organs in rats with delayed fluid resuscitation after severe burn-blast combined injury.

Methods
A total of 360 male SD rats, (1) Experiment one, 300 rats were selected and divided into sham injury + delayed fluid resuscitation group (SD group, n=50), sham injury + sodium valproate + delayed fluid resuscitation group (SPD group, n=50), burn-rush combined injury + delayed fluid resuscitation group (BD group, n=100) and burn-rush combined injury + sodium valproate + delayed fluid resuscitation group (BPD group, n=100) according to the random number table method. The SD group and SPD group were soaked the back of rats in the 37 ℃ water for 12 s and the abdomen for 6 s. The BD group and BPD group were blasted with 5 g high explosive at a distance of 50 cm from the rat to cause moderate impact injury, and then immediately immersed the back of rats in boiling water at 94 ℃ for 12 s, abdominal for 6 s, causing 50% total body surface area of full thickness burns. SPD group and BPD group were injected subcutaneously with sodium valproate (300 mg/kg) immediately after injury. SD group, SPD group, BPD group and BD group were injected intraperitoneally with 0.9% sodium chloride solution according to the Parkland formula at 6, 24 h after injury for rehydration. Immediately after the injury, 6, 24, 48, 72 h after injury, each time point 10, 10, 20, 20 rats were selected from the SD group, SPD group, BD group, BPD group for visceral blood flow and blood gas analysis. (2)Experiment two, the rest of the 60 rats were divided into 4 groups according to the random number table method: SD group(n=10), SPD group(n=10), BD group(n=20) and BPD group(n=20). The modeling and treatment of the rats in each group was the same as experiment one. Carotid arteries were placed in all rats 48 h before modeling. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) of rats in each group was measured at 5 time points immediately after injury and at 6, 24, 48, 72 h after injury, and the survival rate of each group was also calculated. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance, t text, the log-rank test and χ2 test.

Results
The results of experiment one showed: (1) Immediately after injury, there were no statistically significant differences in the blood flow of liver, kidney and small intestine mucosa in the 4 groups (with P values above 0.05). At 6 h after injury, the SD group, SPD group, BD group, and BPD group had statistically significant differences in overall comparison of the liver, kidney, and small intestinal mucosal blood flow groups (F=463.45, 267.27, 449.64; with P values below 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in blood flow of liver, kidney and small intestine mucosa between BPD group and BD group (with P values above 0.05); At 24 h after injury, the SD group, SPD group, BD group, and BPD group had statistically significant differences in overall comparison of the liver, kidney, and small intestinal mucosal blood flow (F=1 347.52, 125.23, 1 210.84; with P values below 0.05). There were significant differences in blood flow of liver, kidney and small intestine mucosa between BPD group and BD group (t=89.72, 6.57, 10.23; with P values below 0.05); At 48 h after injury, the SD group, SPD group, BD group, and BPD group had statistically significant differences in overall comparison of the liver, kidney, and small intestinal mucosal blood flow (F=1 044.13, 20.69, 174.35; with P values below 0.05). There were statistically statistically significant differences in blood flow between the liver and small intestine mucosa of the BPD group and the BD group (t=51.90, 34.72; with P values below 0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in renal blood flow (t=0.37, P>0.05); At 72 h after injury, there were statistically significant differences between the liver and kidney blood flow in the SD group, SPD group, BD group, and BPD group (F=328.27, 16.01; with P values below 0.05), there was no statistically significant difference in the small intestinal mucosa blood flow of the 4 groups (P>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in liver blood flow between BPD group and BD group (t=25.32, P 0.05). (2)Immediately after the injury and 48 h after the injury, there were no statistically significant difference in the overall pH between the 4 groups (with P values above 0.05); at 6, 24 h, and 72 h after injury, the differences of pH between the 4 groups were statistically significant (F=54.48, 5.68, 1.98; with P values below 0.05), and at 6 and 24 h after injury, there were statistically significant differences in pH between the BPD group and the BD group (t= 5.32, 3.51; with P values below 0.05), at 72 h after injury, there was no statistically statistically significant difference in pH between the two groups (P>0.05). Immediately after the injury and at 6, 24 h after injury, the overall comparison between the 4 groups of oxygen partial pressure groups were statistically significant (F=26.55, 16.34, 2.37; with P values below 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in oxygen partial pressure between the BPD group and the BD group immediately after injury (P>0.05), and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant at 6 and 24 h after injury (t=4.58, 0.62; with P values below 0.05). At 48 and 72 h after injury, there were no statistically significant differences in the overall comparison between the 4 groups of blood lactic acid groups (with P values above 0.05). Immediately after injury, and at 6, 24 h after injury, the overall comparison between the 4 groups were statistically significant (F=3.12, 61.67, 50.83; with P values below 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in oxygen partial pressure between the BPD group and the BD group immediately after injury (P> 0.05), and the difference between the two groups were statistically significant at 6 and 24 h after injury (t=6.98, 3.56; with P values below 0.05). The results of experiment two showed: (1) Immediately after injury and 72 h after injury, there were no significant differences in the overall comparison of MAP among the 4 groups (with P values above 0.05). At 6, 24, and 48 h after injury, the overall comparison of MAP between the 4 groups were statistically significant (F=292.73, 104.29, 5.01; with P values below 0.05), and the differences in MAP between the BPD group and the BP group were statistically significant (t=6.02, 6.70, 1.24; with P values below 0.05). (2) At 72 h after injury, the survival rates of the BPD group and the BD group were 70% and 50%, respectively. The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (χ2=11.03, P<0.05).

Conclusion
Sodium valproate combines with delayed fluid replacement can significantly increase the perfusion of liver, kidney and intestinal mucosa blood in severe burn-blast combined injury rats, maintain stable blood pressure early after injury, reduce blood lactate levels, and improve the survival rate 72 h after injury.

Key words:
Burns; Valproic acid; Rats; Perfusion; Shock; Survival rate; Blast injury; Blood flow


The results of experimental and theoretical studies of the properties of holey fibers are presented. The fabrication of holey fibers with a pitch of the two-dimensional periodic structure of the cladding less than 500 nm allowed us to experimentally observe a photonic band gap in transmission spectra of holey fibers tunable within the range of 930 - 1030 nm. It is demonstrated that holey fibers provide an opportunity to considerably increase the efficiency of spectral broadening and phase control of short laser pulses as compared with conventional fibers.


Abstract Cobalt(II)acetate reacts with the silylated phosphinimine Me3SiNPEt3 at 230 °C to form a reaction mixture from which dark blue single crystals have been isolated by recrystallization from dichloromethane/ acetonitrile. They were identified by a crystal structure determination to be [Co7(μ4- O)2(O2CCH3)10(OPEt3)2] · 4 CH3CN (1). Lattice dimensions at 190 K: a = 1048.9(1), b = 1217.5(1), c = 1280.6(1) pm, a = 87.75(1)°, β = 77.72(1)°, y = 73.90(1)°, space group P1, Z = 1, R1 = 0.0257. 1 has a centrosymmetric cluster-like structure in which the central cobalt atom is connected via two μ4-oxygen atoms with the remaining six cobalt atoms to form a distorted Co(Co)6 octahedral skeleton. In addition, all cobalt atoms are linked by six ,μ2- O2CCH3- groups and by four μ3-OC(O)CH3- bridges


This study is motivated by the initiative to implement mobile learning to promote world heritage site awareness among young adults living in the world heritage town of Luang Prabang in the Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR). Mobile learning is still in its infant stage in Laos. The objective of this study is to investigate the drivers of mobile learning acceptance among young adults in Luang Prabang. Structural equation modeling analysis based on 349 students of higher education indicates that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived enjoyment directly affected their behavioral intention to use mobile learning. Social influence and self-efficacy indirectly affected mobile learning acceptance through perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use respectively. Findings from this study yield insights for policy recommendations for mobile learning implementation in Luang Prabang, and also contribute to the understanding of mobile learning acceptance from the perspectives of a least developed country.


How can you quickly and efficiently acquire the knowledge and skills you need to succeed in your work and life? This article shows the how an individual can take control of the learning process and find the best available methodology and tools that fit their needs. Using examples from our recent sport science research project, this article illustrates how focusing on the individual can influence the requirements for eLearning. The examples show how individuals embody the roles of practitioner, researcher, tutor and student. Using this approach we can craft a personalized approach to eLearning that is tailored to the needs of each individual.


Elastic self-scatterings do not change the number of dark matter particles and as such have been neglected in the calculation of its relic abundance. In this work we highlight the scenarios where the presence of self-scatterings has a significant impact on the effectiveness of annihilation processes through the modification of dark matter momentum distribution. We study a few example freeze-out scenarios involving resonant and sub-threshold annihilations, as well as a model with an additional source of dark matter particles from the decays of a heavier mediator state. Interestingly, when the calculation is performed at the level of dark matter momentum distribution function, we find that the injection of additional energetic dark matter particles onto the thermal population can lead to a $\textit{decrease}$ of its final relic abundance.


Aerobic unicellular cyanobacteria temporally separate nitrogen fixation and photosynthetic activity to protect oxygen‐sensitive nitrogenase. Diurnal metabolic oscillations in the unicellular diazotroph, Cyanothece sp. str. CGD occurred even when cells were grown under continuous dark conditions, as determined in this study. The metabolic processes of nitrogen fixation, respiration, carbohydrate storage, and nitrogen storage all remained highly synchronized during heterotrophic growth, despite the absence of light signals. This shows the importance of circadian regulation in this unicellular cyanobacterium. The nitrogenase complex is apparently tightly regulated at the transcriptional and post‐translational levels. Carbohydrates accumulated during the subjective light phase were metabolized in a burst of respiration in the subjective dark phase. The utilization of carbohydrates occurred at the same time as the intense period of nitrogenase activity and downregulation of the capacity for photosynthetic oxygen evolution. Abundance of the D1 protein of photosystem II in Cyanothece sp. str. CGD remained relatively constant under continuous darkness, but the psbA transcript was more abundant in the subjective light phase. Accumulation of the psaAB gene products in photosystem I was highest in the subjective dark phase. The storage of fixed nitrogen as cyanophycin granules also exhibited periodic changes, with the amount of cyanophycin being greatest after the peak of nitrogenase activity. These results strongly implicate a circadian regulatory mechanism operating on these metabolic processes, independent of light cues, and stress the importance of circadian rhythms in global metabolic regulation in this unicellular cyanobacterium.


We describe a new mite species from Iran - Reticulolaelaps costai n. sp. (Acari: Laelapidae). The new species was collected from the nest of Tapinoma sp. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Alborz Province. The additional morphological characters for complementing the description of Reticulolaelaps lativentris Karg is presented. A revised diagnosis for Reticulolaelaps, as well as a key to the world species of the genus, is presented.


Conducting tests by analyzing the influence of compensation, incentives and leadership styles on employee performance at PT. Cipta Agro Sejati, Rokan Hilir, Riau is the objective of this research. The decline that occurs in employee performance can be assessed from the achievement of company targets, which is caused by unsatisfactory compensation and incentives and ineffective leadership. The research method uses quantitative. The population taken by the researcher is 196 employee subjects and the sample used is 32 employees. Sampling random sampling is the sampling technique used. In calculating the hypothesis test obtained individually, the value of tcount> ttable or 3.887> 1.979 is obtained from the significance that is obtained 0.0¬00 <0.05, meaning that Ha accepted while Ho was rejected, namely by individual Compensation had a significant positive effect on the Employee Performance of PT. Cipta Agro Sejati, Rokan Hilir, Riau. The results in calculating the hypothesis test with individuals and simultaneously Compensation, Incentives, and Leadership Style have a significant positive effect on the Employee Performance of PT. Cipta Agro Sejati, Rokan Hilir, Riau.


The audiovisual media are everywhere, spreading their reach even as they undergo unprecedented textual, technological, and political transformations. Meanwhile, thestudyof the media is an evolving, contested domain that crosses the humanities and social sciences. Consider television. The field of television studies encompasses production and audience ethnography, affects research, policy advocacy, political economy, cultural history, and textual analysis. It borrows from and contributes to media studies, mass communication, critical race theory, communication studies, journalism, public policy, media sociology, critical legal studies, queer theory, science and technology studies, psychology, film studies, economics, cultural studies, feminist theory, and Marxism. The intersections...


Value is one of the most important strategies for criticism and evaluation of architectural projects, by providing the criteria by which to select and evaluate architectural projects. Value concept of the projects varies according to the designer's estimate of the project, and their different types of value, aesthetic, expressive, functional, technological, and sustainable based on which the project is designed. Therefore, the research aims to know the importance of value, its types, and apply them to a set of international and local architectural projects, to demonstrate the type of value used in each project, because of the lack of clarity of knowledge about the concept of value as a strategy of criticism and evaluation of projects in architectural competitions. The hypothesis of the research is the reciprocity of the choice of aesthetic, expressive, functional, technological and sustainable values in the criticism and evaluation of architectural projects. The research found that value is important in the process of selecting and evaluating architectural products and practice, through cognitive components as a criterion for choice, emotional components as a criterion for assessment, and behavioral components as a criterion for practice. The research recommended the preparation of criticism and evaluation criteria that include aesthetic, expressive, functional, technological and sustainable value indicators for evaluating projects in all departments of architecture.


Aiming at the problems that the equipment in power plant is complex, highly correlated and difficult to make criticality evaluation by using traditional method, the criticality evaluation index of equipment in power plant is established on the basis of the decision of the main factors influencing the criticality. The criticality analysis on thirty equipments in a power plant is made based on Monte Carlo simulation method, and the calculation program in common use has been developed. It is shown by the instance that this method is convenient and effective, which can be used in making maintenance decision on equipment in power plant.


The paper presents the analysis of the phenomenon of horizontal displacement of surface induced by underground mining exploitation. In the initial part, the basic theories describing horizontal displacement are discussed, followed by three illustrative examples of underground exploitation in varied mining conditions. It is argued that center of gravity (COG) method presented in the paper, hypothesis of Awierszyn and model studies carried out in Strata Mechanics Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences indicate the proportionality between vectors of horizontal displacement and the vector of surface slope. The differences practically relate to the value of proportionality coefficient B , whose estimated values in currently realized design projects for mining industry range between 0.23 r to 0.42 r for deep exploitations, whereas in the present article the values of 0.33 r and 0.47 r were obtained for two instances of shallow exploitation. Furthermore, observations on changes of horizontal displacement vectors with face advancement indicated the possibility of existence of COG zones above the mined-out field, which proved the conclusions of hitherto carried out research studies (Tajduś, 2013).


1. With an increase in the temperature of the 12-hour day from 25⚬ C. to 31⚬ C., beginning at full bloom, the incidence of blighted seed in Marine flax increased, and the percentage of seed that germinated decreased. 2. With an increase from 1 to 7 days of exposure of Marine flax to 31⚬ C. for 12 hours per day, beginning at full bloom, there was an increase in the incidence of damaged seed. Such exposure continuing for 3 or more consecutive days caused injury that could not be eliminated by return to lower temperatures.


Nonambipolar transport has been measured in the tandem mirror TMX‐U [Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 783 (1984)] by applying charge conservation to the measured electron currents to the end walls. The resulting confinement time τ⊥ is found to depend upon the central‐cell potential φ approximately as τ⊥(msec) =3φ(kV)−2. The transport rate, deduced from the data, agrees to within a factor of 1–5 with resonant‐transport theory applied to the measured plasma parameters. Attempts to include radial effects by modeling the plasma self‐consistently using resonant transport are less successful; near the axis the transport coefficients become too small to explain the equilibrium. Modeling using an ad hoc φ−2 law for the transport coefficients is more successful.


The design of a first PET system using the time of flight (TOF) information, is aimed at whole-body, quantitative, dynamic, 3D studies. It comprises 3 rings of 96 CsF probes and a ring of 96 BaF/sub 2/ probes. The physical performance was measured: spatial transverse and longitudinal resolution for a reconstructed source, sensitivity, time resolution (480 psec +- 28 psec for CsF and 380 psec +-28 psec for BaF/sub 2/), interplane (< 5% for the means difference for a uniform ring source) and intraplane uniformity (< 4% RMS uncertainty). Calibration in absolute concentration was performed with a precision of 2%. Special attention was directed to the specific advantages of the use of fast crystal -PM tubes for TOF measurements: very fast count rate studies, elimination of random events, and improvement of the S/N ratio. Counts rates up to a million counts per sec for each detector are feasible, without loss due to pile up. Actually, the maximum count rate is 450000 events/sec due to the transfert time to magnetic disc in list mode (30 ..mu..Ci/cc). At these rates, the random fraction is 30% of the true coincidences rate, while it is less than 3% for concentration of 1 ..mu..Ci/cc. Themore » sensitivity gain was measured as a function of the object size: 2 for the head of 4.8 the wholebody. Other advantages of TOF as Compton events reduction and the accuracy of attenuation correction coefficients are evaluated for thoracic studies.« less


The use of indicators to characterize the hydrological regime of a river system allows evaluating the degree of alteration of that regime as a result of dam construction or climate change. Together with information about the impact of changing the flow regime in habitat conditions, it is also useful to define the flow conditions that ensure good ecological status of the river system. Being high the number of hydrological parameters that can be adopted, we present a methodology that identifies the most appropriate parameters to describe the main characteristics of the hydrological regime and its possible alteration. This article analyzes 66 hydrological parameters, measuring them for 36 gauging stations with more than 15 years of record in natural regime. Using a principal components analysis are recognized patterns of redundancy between the different parameters, and are presents recommendations for selecting a parsimonious set of parameters that adequately characterizes the hydrological regime. Based on this set it is possible to define indicators of hydrologic alteration that assess the degree of alteration of the flow regime.


Parameter optimization for metal powders in Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is usually carried out by experimental investigations of the influence of significant parameters (such as laser power, scan speed, hatch spacing, layer thickness, scan pattern, etc.) on microstructure and/or mechanical properties. This type of experimental optimization is extremely timeand costconsuming. In order to accelerate the optimization process, a study was undertaken to develop a method for rapid optimization of parameters based on melt pool characterizations. These characterizations began with investigations of SLM single bead experiments. Pre-alloyed Ti-6Al4V powder was used for single bead fabrication with multiple laser power and scan speed combinations. Surface morphology and dimensions of single beads were characterized. Geometrical features of melt pools were measured after polishing and etching of the cross section of each single bead. It was found that melt pool characteristics provide significant information that is helpful for process parameters selection. These experiments are being extended to characterize test pads with multiple layers.


GPS, as a widely used positioning tool, covers more aspects of people's daily life and people have been interested in the study of GPS signal acquisition algorithm for a long time. In this paper, a widely used signal acquisition algorithm with superior performance, PMF-FFT algorithm, is optimized. A fast GPS signal acquisition method based on fuzzy logic is proposed to solve the problem of signal acquisition failure caused by weak signal being ignored as noise under low SNR condition. Simulation results prove that the algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively capture signals and performs well under weak signals.


Assessing resident competency in emergency department settings requires observing a substantial number of work‐based skills and tasks. The McMaster Modular Assessment Program (McMAP) is a novel, workplace‐based assessment (WBA) system that uses task‐specific and global low‐stakes assessments of resident performance. We describe the evaluation of a WBA program 3 years after implementation.


Abstract The iodine-127 nuclear quadrupole resonance spectrum temperature dependence for α-KIO3.HIO3 crystals was studied. A second order phase transition at 223 K was revealed. α-KIO3.HIO3 is a new ferroelectric with Curie point Tc=223 ± 2 K.


Abstract This article argues that the problem of the Yasukuni Shrine between Japan and South Korea stems from the differential growth of Yasukuni discourses in both countries after the Pacific War. While the Japanese post-war discourse split into three schools of thought – Nationalists, Moderates, and Progressives – South Korean discourse has been consolidated into one dominant anti-Yasukuni perspective, largely shaped by Japan's political discourse and actions from the 1980s. This divergence created the perception gap between the two, resulting in a diplomatic obstacle that hinders Japan--South Korea strategic cooperation.


We propose a novel metric to measure memory effects in optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OOFDM) system. Experiment results indicate the effectiveness of this method by comparing number of error bits at each subcarriers in different memory-depth predistorted scheme.


The Metropolitan Council in the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area (Twin Cities) aims to greatly increase transit ridership in the next two decades. A network of transitways is an essential component to achieve the ridership goal. Since transitways represent significant infrastructure investments from federal, state, and local governments, the public and planners are interested in their ridership bonus. This study investigated transportation impact of the Hiawatha light rail transit (LRT) using a 2011 dataset collected in the Twin Cities. By employing a match-pair cross-sectional design, we surveyed residents living in the middle section of the Hiawatha LRT corridor and those in two urban control corridors and two suburban control corridors in the region. We first explored the reasons that motivated residents moving into the LRT corridor (or residential preferences) and their connections with transit use. Then we employed a propensity score matching approach to study the impact of Hiawatha LRT on transit use for residents who moved to the corridor before its opening and for those who moved after its opening. Finally, we tested the carryover effect of the LRT and built environment effect on active travel: walking to stores and strolling. The study produced interesting results and offered important implications for land use and transportation policies associated with light rail transit. and the sponsoring organizations of the Transitway Impacts Research Program do not endorse products or manufacturers. Any trade or manufacturers' names that may appear herein do so solely because they are considered essential to this report. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We, the authors, wish to thank Transitway Impacts Research Program (TIRP) Technical Advisory Group and Project Management Team members for their many thoughtful comments and valuable feedback. We would also like to thank Mark Garner and Cecilia Bolognesi, planners with the city of Minneapolis, for their help in identifying control corridors. Staff members at the Department of Housing, Community Works and Transit of Hennepin County, also offered insightful feedback on the research.


In this paper a predator-prey model with discrete delay and harvesting of predator is proposed and analyzed by considering ratio-dependent functional response. Conditions of existence of various equilibria and their stability have been discussed. By taking delay as a bifurcation parameter, the system is found to undergo a Hopf bifurcation. Numerical simulations are also performed to illustrate the results.


X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to monitor the surface chemical changes on DuPont high-modulus pitch-based carbon fiber surfaces brought about by microwave air-plasma treatments for different periods of time. The air-plasma treatment increased the fiber surface functionalities, but extended treatment caused fiber damage. X-ray diffraction studies showed that the bulk structure was not affected by the air-plasma treatment. XPS valence band spectra proved a more sensitive probe of the surface chemistry of the carbon fibers than XPS core studies. Air-plasma treatment of fibers promises to be an effective method of fiber treatment.


A first aspect of the present invention is directed to hybridization assay probes for nucleic acid detection. The hybridization assay probe comprises a probe sequence having a target-complementary sequence of bases, including one or more nucleotide sequence that is not complementary to the nucleic acid to be detected as desired. Target-complementary sequence of bases is composed from 12 to 87 contiguous bases contained sequence or its complement within the SEQ ID NO: 101, RNA equivalent, DNA equivalents, the presence of nucleotide analogs, and up to 10% , or in which further takes into account the difference in the base up to 20%. In general, hybridization assay probes of the present invention may have a length of up to 100 bases.


Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables gene expression profiling and characterization of novel cell types within heterogeneous cell populations. However, most approaches cannot detect alternatively spliced transcripts, which can profoundly shape cell phenotype by generating functionally distinct proteins from the same gene. Here, we integrate short- and long-read scRNA-seq of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to characterize changes in cell type abundance, gene and isoform expression during differentiation and ageing.


The effect of the concentration and disperse composition on the flocculation strength to mechanical influence is investigated. It is found that the residual rate of floccules sedimentation after the mechanical influence at a constant rate of flocculant has a maximum value at a concentration of solids in the slime in the range of 7-30 g/dm 3 . The best results are obtained in all the experiments at a solids concentration of 10 g/l. It is found that at a concentration up to 7 g/l and more than 30 g/l, the floccules is formed. They have the lowest residual rate after mechanical influences. With increasing content of the solid fraction of 40-100 microns over 15%, the strength of floccules increases. They retain their shape and relatively high sedimentation rate even after mechanical influence. The obtained data allow to recommend correction of the slime composition before flocculant injection both the concentration close to the optimum, and the content of size fraction of 40-100 mm more than 15 %.


Superplasticity usually occurs when grain size is small, typically less than ∼10 μm. In this study, the deformation mechanisms at elevated temperatures in magnesium alloy with different grain sizes are discussed. From the discussion, the grain requirement for high strain rate superplasticity (10 -2 ∼ 10 0 s -1 ) is derived, The strain rate range is chosen because it corresponds to the forming rate in commercial mass-production. Four different processing routes for grain refinement are presented and the developed grain structures are compared. Finally, a fine-grained magnesium alloy fabricated by commercial extrusion route is selected to demonstrate the proposed high strain rate superplastic forming at a strain rate of ∼ 10 -2 s -1 .


READING varies widely. Its goal may .be information, action, inspiration, or entertainment. Its operations range from mere perception of words and skimming of a page to appreciation of subtle aesthetic effects and search for answers to difficult questions. By the end of grade six, children will "have learned to read" by recognizing in the printed symbol some of the concepts and organization that they ordinarily get in comprehending the spoken word. In a sense, when they enter the junior high school, children will be more or less efficient in the mechanics of reading, but there will still be room for tremendous improvement in reading comprehension.


This work presents a method of characterising pipeline defects using a small number of radiographs taken at different angles around the pipe. The method relies on knowledge of the setup geometry and use of multiple images, and does not require calibration objects to be included in the setup. It is aimed at use in situations where access is difficult such as in subsea pipeline inspections. Given a set of radiographs, a background subtraction method is used to extract defects in the images. Using a ray tracing algorithm and knowledge of the experimental setup, the range of possible locations of the defect in 3D space is then calculated. Constraints are applied on potential defect shapes and positions to further refine the defect range. The method is tested on simulated and experimental flat bottomed hole defects and simulated corrosion patch defects with lateral and axial sizes ranging from 12.5 mm to 33.8 mm and thickness between 3 mm and 16 mm. Results demonstrate a good, consistent ability to calculate lateral and axial defect dimensions to within ±3 mm of the true size. Defect thickness calculations are more difficult and as such errors are more significant. In most cases defect thickness is calculated to within 4 mm of the actual value, often closer. Errors in thickness are due to overestimation, meaning the calculation could be used to place a maximum limit on potential defect size rather than as an actual estimate of the thickness. This would still be useful, for example in deciding whether a defect requires further investigation.


C. Bozzone's 2014 UCLA dissertation), where higher productivity is associated with the earlier, 'healthier' life a formula. E. Minchin goes in the opposite direction, applying the concept of 'storyrealm' in oral performance studies to the use of repetition in Alice Oswald's Memorial. Repetition offers both a cognitive advantage in performance and marks poetic speech as 'special speech', à la Bakker.


The relative susceptibility of cattle of different sexes to bruising was examined in five trials. In each trial there were three groups of cattle--bullocks, cows and mixed (bullocks and cows). The weight of bruised tissue trimmed from the carcases of the cows was significantly greater than that trimmed from the carcases of bullocks. The amount of bruising in cows, but not in bullocks, increased with increase in duration of journey. There was no evidence to suggest that differences in carcase weight or temperament, or "riding" of cows in oestrus were major contributing factors to the different levels of bruising.


We study K3 surfaces with a pair of commuting involutions that are non-symplectic with respect to two anti-commuting complex structures that are determined by a hyper-K\"ahler metric. One motivation for this paper is the role of such $\mathbb{Z}^2_2$-actions for the construction of $G_2$-manifolds. We find a large class of smooth K3 surfaces with such pairs of involutions, but we also pay special attention to the case that the K3 surface has ADE-singularities. Therefore, we introduce a special class of non-symplectic involutions that are suitable for explicit calculations and find 320 examples of pairs of involutions that act on K3 surfaces with a great variety of singularities.


Periocular rejuvenation is the most common aesthetic plastic surgery. The aim of this study was to determine effects of micropunch blepharopeeling (MBP) approach vs blepharoplasty (BP) in periocular rejuvenation.


In the summer of 1939,the college of "Recovering the Moral Instinct" was founded in Wuyou Temple in Jiating of Sichuan province by Ma Yifu,who advocated people to recover their moral instinct and whose academic thinking was interpreted through the furnishings of the college.Some thoughts on Ma's theory and the reestablishment of confucian value system were given.


River ecosystem evolution is one of key issues in earth science. With the increasing population size and rapid socio-economic development, the underlying surface conditions of almost river basins in the world have been seriously changed. Accordingly, the status of river ecosystem constantly evolves, and is followed by serious changes of the structure and function of river ecosystems. In the present study, the evolution and transition states of the river ecosystem in different stages have been analyzed, and guidelines for protection of the river water resources development have been proposed.


In Luhmann's own words, forms are generated in a medium and the most general medium, the one that is essential to the functioning of both psychic and social systems, is meaning. Psychic systems and social systems are "meaning-constituting systems": in psychic systems, meaning is actualized as consciousness, in social systems, as communication. The operations of meaning-constituting systems are contingent selections constantly in search of connectivity: the system selects this conscious thought, this communication – and not the other possibilities. Through such selections, meaning is "constituted" within the horizon comprising the totality of the references presented by a meaningfully intended object. Meaning can be considered, according to Luhmann, as an "evolutionary universal", more precisely an "evolutionary achievement" made possible by the "co-evolution" of psychic and social systems. Meaning-constituting selections can be conditioned: the system establishes under which conditions a connection will or will not happen. Morality is such a conditioning. Meaning-constituting systems use morality as a form in order to condition their selections and to insure a better connectivity between their operations. When making a connection, the system applies the binary code good or bad as a condition of its choice between this selection and all the other possibilities. For Luhmann, morality designates the conditions under which one can praise or blame oneself and another, and under which esteem or disesteem can be communicated. Conditioning communication through a binary coding is an operation that can itself be conditioned; this gives rise to a program. In this paper, we present how meaning-constituting systems operate in a horizon of possibilities, how the binary schematism of morality works for these systems as a reciprocal enabling device and how moral conditioning and programming thus contribute to an evolutionary process. Life, consciousness and communication are a self-generated state of affairs: they are "emergent" realities (Luhmann, 2002: 157). Life can be observed in biological systems, consciousness in psychic systems and communication in social systems. These three levels of system formations are operationally closed to each other: one system can steer only its own operations, not the operations of the others. As long as he or she is alive, a human being can both perceive and think, thus operating as a system of consciousness, and he or she can communicate about his or her perceptions and Journal of Sociocyberntics, 6 (2008) pp 69-83 69


Identity theft occurs when a thief steals your personal identification and uses that information as if it was his or her own. The information can be used to open credit card accounts, rob bank accounts, make withdrawals from ATMs and obtain employment opportunities or make down payments/deposits on a car or housing. Fraudulent use of credit cards is not limited to the loss or theft of the actual credit card. Identity theft can happen when your purse or wallet is stolen or lost. It also can happen when you give your credit card information out over the telephone or Internet, when someone gets numbers off papers they find in the trash, or overhear numbers given in a telephone conversation and by watching you key in account or PIN numbers in check-out lines or at ATMs. A capable criminal needs to know only your credit numbers to fraudulently make numerous charges, including cash withdrawals, against your accounts. The following crime prevention tips will help you guard against the illegal use of credit cards.


As one of nonorthogonal multiple access techniques for the fifth generation mobile communications, sparse code multiple access(SCMA) can provide a better link performance than other schemes in different network scenarios. However, SCMA employs message passing algorithm (MPA) as its receiver decoding scheme which leads to higher computing complexity and restricts it's application to low latency networks. Based on this, a dynamic message passing algorithm (DMPA) is presented in this paper for reducing calculation complexity of original MPA. In DMPA, reliability of variable node can be calculated by the pseudo posterior probability after predetermined iterations, and then messages are propagated merely in subgraph of original factor graph which can result in a significant reduction in complexity. Simulation results show that DMPA can reduce decoding complexity about 37% than MPA with negligible bit error rate (BER) degradation.


The paper is concerned with the behaviour of concrete beams under different loading conditions. Method of Initial Functions (MIF) has been used to study the effect of different types of loading on the behaviour of concrete beams. It is an analytical method based on elasticity theory. This method gives exact solution of problems without using assumptions about physical conditions of beams. A deep concrete beam is analysed for four different types of loading having same intensity. Different loadings are uniformly distributed load, sinusoidal load, triangular load and uniformly varying load. Ends of beam are taken as simply supported.


The scattering of sound waves by isolated inhomogeneities in a solid is examined using the Born approximation. A procedure is developed to extract information about the effective volume and shape of the scatterer. The procedure uses data from the long‐wavelength region where this approximation is valid. The volume and shape information is in the form of special moments of the volume of the scatterer which depend on the orientation of the scatterer relative to the direction of the difference in the incoming and outgoing wave vectors. A scheme is described which permits the characterization of the scatterer in terms of an equivalent ellipsoid. The scheme provides a second‐moment solution of the inverse scattering problem.


The northern part of the South China Sea is a complex ocean environment with a large range of tidal waves and the stable Luzon cold eddy, which significantly influence the sound propagation characteristics through their impact on sound speed. This study uses a 3D ocean-acoustic framework consisting of MITgcm and BELLHOP ray model to investigate the coupled effects of the Luzon cold eddy and tidal waves. Firstly, the model incorporates tidal assimilation to reconstruct the hydrographic field and compute the sound speed field. Subsequently, the sound propagation in a representative region in the northern South China Sea is simulated to compare the response of sound propagation characteristics to the Luzon cold eddy only, tide only, and the coupled effect of both. The results demonstrate that the cold eddy shifts the location of the convergence zone forward by over 5 km at most. Further, it also makes the acoustic energy focus on the first few arrivals and delays the arrival time of rays by about 0.1 s. The tidal waves intensify these effects, resulting in a further increase of the forward distance of the convergence zone by 2-5 km and a delay in arrival time by 0.02 s. Sound propagation in the coupled influence of these two dynamic processes is exposed to steady perturbations from the cold eddy and spatial-temporal perturbations from tidal waves. The model in this study provides valuable insight for underwater detection and positioning in the realistic ocean environment.


Itch is the primary symptom of inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic eczema and psoriasis, chronic renal failure, and chronic hepatic failure. Itch, like pain, is a subjective symptom. Characterizing itchy skin and skin prone to itch will lead to better understanding of these symptoms and ultimately better diagnosis and treatment of the underlining disease. The goal of our study is to determine whether the itchy skin region can be detected by hyperspectral imaging. We used an imaging system equipped with liquid crystal tunable filter for collecting hyperspectral images. A halogen lamp was used to illuminate the region of interest. Images were taken from 650 nm to 1100 nm wavelength with 10 nm interval. The hyperspectral images were collected from the forearms of two male and two female subjects. An approximate 50 mm × 50 mm region of interest was marked on the forearms before imaging. The itch was mechanically induced. Imaging was performed for three conditions with a 99% Spectralon white diffuse reflectance target on the side: before inducing itch (normal region), after inducing itch (test region), and after removing itch (control region). Two methods were used to detect the itchy and nonitchy regions from the normalized hyperspectral data. The first method used a spectral distribution exploration method. The second method used a supervised classification method, more specifically, a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. The spectral distribution exploration method did not detect any different spectral signature for itchy region. On the other hand, the SVM classifier detected the itchy region with the surrounding non-itchy region. These results demonstrated the feasibility of using hyperspectral imaging combined with classification algorithms for detecting itchy skin region.


In China schools have moral courses, specialized offices, and principals, masters, teachers, but the students have serious moral problems. We can say "We had done in vain." In America, schools do not have the "Moral" concept, but students' spiritual civilization is better than ours. We can say "Do nothing effective". In this article I analyzed the moral content, the management system and roots, and put forward many principles, policies and proposals. I wanted to solve the puzzles and difficult problems of the present moral education, and explore new methods.


The authors respond to criticism of their recommendation to immunize all people in sub-Saharan Africas meningitis belt with unconjugated group A meningococcal vaccine. Meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (GAMP) induces booster responses up to age 2 years herd immunity and long-lived and protective antibody levels and immunity at all ages. Two injections beginning at age 3 months and given at least 1 month apart an injection at 2 years and again at about age 6 years confer a high degree of immunity in infants and young children. In the authors small sample GAMP injected according to this schedule induced 100% protection in infants. Just 1 injection of GAMP in young adults induces protective antibody levels for at least 10 years. Critics suggestions that GAMP could interfere with carriage allowing the accumulation of susceptibles and increasing the intensity of future epidemics is based upon neither data nor experience. Mass vaccination of the entire population followed by the routine vaccination of infants with GAMP according to the recommended schedule will eliminate endemic disease and prevent epidemics. The World Health Organization should recommend the approach accordingly for meningitis belt countries. The authors question the wisdom of waiting for a better vaccine when one which is highly effective safe inexpensive and readily available already exists.


Ulysses was published in 1922. It was not translated into Irish until seventy years later. In December 1991, the translation of Joyce's masterstroke into Irish was finished by James Henry (Séamas Ó hInnéirghe) and called Uiliséas.1 A polymath, Henry was first introduced to Ulysses by a relative living in Buffalo, New York, who sent him the novel while Henry was a medical student at University College Dublin, in the 1930s.2 The translation took Henry, who suffered from an autoimmune disease, approximately eight years to complete from 1984 to 1992. Working mainly from the living room of his Belfast home on an electric typewriter, Henry, a retired medical doctor and career Royal Air Force officer, accomplished the translation (Thompson, 28 April 1993, and McCafferty). Henry was born in July 1918 in the seaside village of Doohoma (Du Thuama), County Mayo. Doohoma is located on Blacksod Bay on the Erris peninsula (south of Belmullet), which runs along the North Atlantic in the center of the Gaeltacht and the Sloblands of Connaught. Henry's father, Phelim Henry, operated a hotel in Doohoma called "Henry's," which is now called the "Sea Rod Inn" (McCafferty). The hotel also served as the town store and locale of the part-time undertaker for the village (McCafferty). As described by Henry in a letter he sent to a friend in the United States, Professor Richard J. Thompson of Canisius College in Buffalo, it was in this hotel that Henry learned to understand Irish while listening to his father and "his cronies as they rattled off their yarns" (Thompson, June 1993). Henry explained to Thompson that, with the exception of one class conducted daily in English, all of his primary education was in Irish (Thompson, June 1993). In 1934, at age 16, Henry left County Mayo to study medicine at University College Dublin, and he wore a thin mustache and slicked back hair (McCafferty). In Dublin, he worked at the Jervis Street Hospital and met his future wife, May (McCafferty). As World War II was ending, he enlisted in the Royal Air Force where his career took him to, among others places, Africa and the Middle East (McCafferty). From the time he left County Mayo until he began his translation of Ulysses, he "never spoke[,] wrote or heard a word of Irish" (Thompson, June 1993).


This paper contributes to analyze the realistic significance of "de" in "de cai jian bei" so that the standard of cadres within the Party could be purified.


Cloud computing has become an essential paradigm in modern IT infrastructure, providing flexible and scalable services to organizations and individuals. With the rapid growth of cloud service offerings, it has become increasingly challenging for users to identify the most suitable services and understand their relationships with other services. Association rule mining techniques have been widely used to discover meaningful patterns and relationships in various domains. In this study, we propose a novel approach called Priority Based Association Rule Mining (PBARM) to explore cloud services and their associations based on user-defined priorities. PBARM leverages user-defined priorities to guide the association rule mining process and extract relevant patterns and relationships. Users can specify their preferences and requirements regarding service characteristics, such as cost, performance, security, and availability. These priorities are then used to assign weights to different attributes and determine the importance of each attribute in the association rule generation process. By considering user-defined priorities, PBARM enables users to focus on the most relevant associations based on their specific needs. To evaluate the effectiveness of PBARM, we conducted experiments using a real-world dataset of cloud services. The results demonstrate that PBARM outperforms traditional association rule mining approaches in terms of relevance and accuracy of the discovered associations. By incorporating user-defined priorities, PBARM provides a more personalized and targeted exploration of cloud services, assisting users in making informed decisions and optimizing their cloud service selections. Furthermore, we developed a user-friendly visualization tool that presents the discovered associations in an intuitive manner, allowing users to interactively explore the relationships between different cloud services. The tool enables users to adjust their priorities dynamically and observe the impact on the generated associations, enhancing the flexibility and usability of the exploration process.


Public health people talk and write a great deal about the social,economic and environmental determinants of health and theconsequent unequal and persistent patterns of illness, but they arequieter about what the direct links are and the policies that canreduce these inequalities. Jonathan Healy is an Irish economistwho has explored these issues in relation to fuel poverty, a relativelynew concept


This study on "Essential Elements of Spatial Definition in Theatre Architecture" examines space as a vital element of design used in architecture for both aesthetic and practical purposes. Every structure is built in space, and the use of interior and exterior space in architecture is determined by the function for which a building is meant. In theatre architecture, space is broken down into functional areas to serve direct and allied needs of theatre performers and audience members. This paper assesses the nature and character of the different spaces created in the theatre house and the functions they serve. It examines the effects of architectural materials, features and space plan on the acoustic shaping of the theatre auditorium. The paper adopts the architectural mantra "form follows function", submitting that the appropriateness of a theatre house in terms of serving its practical and aesthetic functions is dependent on architectural space management. Keywords: Spatial definition, Theatre architecture


The aim of this note is to show that the local form of the logarithmic Brunn-Minkowski conjecture holds for zonoids. The proof uses a variant of the Bochner method due to Shenfeld and the author.


This paper presents exact dual semi-definite programs (SDPs) for robust SOS-convex polynomial optimization problems with affinely adjustable variables in the sense that the optimal values of the robust problem and its associated dual SDP are equal with the solution attainment of the dual problem. This class of robust convex optimization problems includes the corresponding quadratically constrained convex quadratic optimization problems and separable convex polynomial optimization problems, and it employs a general bounded spectrahedron uncertainty set that covers the most commonly used uncertainty sets of numerically solvable robust optimization models, such as boxes, balls and ellipsoids. As special cases, it also demonstrates that explicit exact dual SDP and second-order cone programming (SOCP) in terms of original data hold for the robust two-stage convex quadratic programs with quadratic constraints and the robust two-stage separable convex quadratic programs under an ellipsoidal uncertainty set, respectively. Finally, the paper illustrates the results via numerical implementations of the developed SDP duality scheme on adjustable robust lot-sizing problems with nonlinear costs under demand uncertainty.


Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse (Heteroptera: Miridae) or the tea mosquito bug (TMB) is a major sucking pest of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) in most tea-producing countries. The nymphs and adults of the TMB suck the sap from tender leaves, buds and young shoots, which results in heavy crop losses. The damage to tea plants caused by the TMB is not limited to the sucking of plant materials and extra-oral digestion by salivation. Damage is also caused by the insertion of eggs into plant tissues during oviposition. More than a dozen alternate host plants and only a few natural enemies of the TMB have been recorded. For control of this pest, synthetic pesticides are widely used. There are many reports regarding the excessive application of insecticides that has resulted in the development of high tolerance and even resistance in this pest to certain insecticides. This review collates the most important works conducted on the bio-ecology of the TMB and includes a discussion of the problems encountered in the management of this pest. The scope of future studies and the plans for better management of this serious sucking pest of the tea plant are also discussed.


This study attempts to compare Catholic and Protestant confessions with respect to the temporal function allocated to the clergy from outside its ranks. This basically secular question cannot be separated from the issue of the religious self-awareness of the priests and other clergy. This study proposes to approach the subject via the concept of social biography (Sozialbiographie), which attempts to combine the concept of ecclesiastical self-awareness with the temporal definition of clerical function. Social backgrounds, education, and training of the clergies is compared as well as their understandings of family and marriage and the ways in which these affected their concepts of the state and their place in it.


Recent reforms of the National Health Service have focused attention on contracts for health services and competition amongst the providers of those services as means of ensuring that quality is maintained at an acceptable standard whilst costs are contained. This paper considers the particular roles that competition may be expected to play in both health authority and GP fundholder quasi-markets. Copyright 1996 by Oxford University Press.


Section 211 of the South African constitution (Constitution of the Republic of South Africa of 1996) recognises traditional authorities and indigenous law. It provides that traditional authorities which observe indigenous law may continue to function. South African courts must apply indigenous law, but subject to the constitution and any legislation that specifically deals with indigenous law.


A localized approximation was developed to calculate the bending electric force acting on an electrified polymer jet, which is a key element of the electrospinning process for manufacturing of nanofibers. Using this force, a far reaching analogy between the electrically driven bending instability and the aerodynamically driven instability was established. Continuous, quasi-one-dimensional, partial differential equations were derived and used to predict the growth rate of small electrically driven bending perturbations of a liquid column. A discretized form of these equations, that accounts for solvent evaporation and polymer solidification, was used to calculate the jet paths during the course of nonlinear bending instability leading to formation of large loops and resulting in nanofibers. The results of the calculations are compared to the experimental data acquired in the present work. Agreement of theory and experiment is discussed.


Research suggests that high quality academic advising is central to student success. The quality of advising, however, is undoubtedly linked to the training and professional development received by advisors. Unfortunately, the current research related to advisor training and professional development is limited. In addition, while advising is provided by both faculty and professional staff, the perspectives of professional advisors is scarcely represented in the literature. The purpose of this study was to analyze the workplace learning experiences of professional advisors through the lens of adult learning. Specifically, this study sought to understand how advisors learn to perform their roles, both upon entering the profession and as they develop in their careers, by investigating the role of workplace learning as well as identifying the adult learning concepts evident in their workplace learning experiences. The basic qualitative methodology included interviews and critical incident analysis of six advisors at three Midwestern urban universities. Findings indicated that hands-on learning experiences have an impact on advisor training and professional development as do advisors' past workplace learning experiences. Conversely, conferences and workshops are not likely to affect advisor learning. Participants also discussed their perceptions of the inherent qualities possessed by good advisors, and the notion that these qualities cannot be learned through formal or


A cooling management system (410) comprising:a hardware processing unit (411); and a hardware storage device storing instructions which, when executed by the hardware processing unit, cause the hardware processing unit to:determine a cooling state associated with a computing device, the computing device having hardware resources including a processor and another hardware resource; determine hardware utilization states of the computing device, the hardware utilization states including a processor utilization state and another hardware utilization state associated with the another hardware resource; estimate a thermal impact on the computing device of operating in the cooling state and the hardware utilization states; and adjust a cooling resource based on the estimated thermal impact.


We study the quantum diffusion in quasiperiodic tight-binding models in one, two, and three dimensions. First, we investigate a class of one-dimensional quasiperiodic chains, in which the atoms are coupled by weak and strong bonds aligned according to the metallic-mean sequences. The associated generalized labyrinth tilings in d dimensions are then constructed from the direct product of d such chains, which allows us to consider rather large systems numerically. The electronic transport is studied by computing the scaling behavior of the mean-square displacement of the wave packets with respect to the time. The results reveal the occurrence of anomalous diffusion in these systems. By extending a renormalization group approach, originally proposed for the golden-mean chain, we show also for the silver-mean chain as well as for the higher-dimensional labyrinth tilings that in the regime of strong quasiperiodic modulation the wave-packet dynamics are governed by the underlying quasiperiodic structure.


Exploring the intersections of visual culture, design and politics in Beirut from the late 1950s to the mid-1970s, this compelling interdisciplinary study critically examines a global conjuncture in Lebanon's history, marked by anticolonial struggle and complicated by a Cold War order. Against a celebratory reminiscence of the 'golden years', Beirut's long 1960s is conceived of as a liminal juncture, an anxious time and space when the city held out promises at once politically radical and radically cosmopolitan. Zeina Maasri examines the transnational circuits that animated Arab modernist pursuits, shedding light on key cultural transformations that saw Beirut develop as a Mediterranean site of tourism and leisure, a nexus between modern art and pan-Arab publishing and, through the rise of the Palestinian Resistance, a node in revolutionary anti-imperialism. Drawing on uncharted archives of printed media this book expands the scope of historical analysis of the postcolonial Arab East.


The invention discloses a method for synthesizing acetylacetonatodicarbonyl rhodium, which comprises the following steps: (1) mixing rhodium trichloride hydrate and N,N-dimethyl formamide, heating the mixture to 120 and 150 DEG C in a protective atmosphere of nitrogen, adding diacetone after rhodium trichloride hydrate dissolves completely, heating till the refluxing reaction is accomplished completely, standing reaction solution at room temperature, cooling, adding aqueous solution of an inorganic salt or inorganic alkali or mixed aqueous solution of the inorganic salt and the inorganic alkali, precipitating, and performing the post treatment of precipitate to obtain acetylacetonatodicarbonyl rhodium; and (2) dissolving the acetylacetonatodicarbonyl rhodium prepared by the step (1) in an organic solvent, adding triphenylphosphine, starting reaction, and obtaining acetylacetonatodicarbonyl rhodium after no air bubbles escape. The method improves the step yield and single-pass total yield of product, adopts a relatively environmentally-friendly solvent, reduces production cost and has obvious economic and environmental advantages.


Multiprocessor scheduling is another name of task scheduling in form of algorithms that are mostly utilized in systematic as well as engineering appliance that could even known as the issue of NP-complete. The main aim of scheduling is the reduction of execution time. The illustration of task scheduling for multi processor scheduling is shown by DAG (Directed Acyclic graph). The categorization for this is into Static as well as dynamic scheduling. The list task scheduling is the example of static task scheduling algorithm. Varied task scheduling algorithms, like ISH, HLFET, MCP, ETF, CNPT and DLS are reviewed in this paper. The comparison of list task scheduling isdependent on metrics, termed as SLR, load balancing, efficiency and speed up.


This PhD research project will establish the contribution the concept of 'Reconnecting the Interrupted Landscape' can make to the ethically responsible design of critically impaired (interrupted) landscapes. The research problem is identified in an era when the occurrence of these landscape types seems to be increasing, and it is of significant concern to respond in 'sustainable' – ethically responsible – ways. It is a contention of this research that in or-der to respond a shift to a new ethical position is required; expanding on the ecocentric environmental ethic to recognise that human culture is part of ecosystems, not a separate, dominant force. This research project is positioned at the intersection of this ethical position and contemporary theory and practice in landscape architecture. Recent work on "systems aesthetics" [1] and landscape "strategy design" [2] inform the concept of, and approach to design proposed for landscape reconnection, taking hybrid ecological-cultural systems as their operational metaphor. As yet this is an area of landscape architecture in which schol-arship and practice are in their early stages, and this research project aims to make a significant contribution to this developing field.
Keywords: Landscape, Reconnection, Interruption, Ethics, Design


Contamination of water resources is worrisome. The water consumed by humans must be potable, and the amount of microorganisms and chemical agents controlled. However, there is a problem when is development of resistance to antibacterial treatment. The use of agrochemicals can cause changes in microbial growth when in contact with water. Based on this, this study evaluated the presence of total coliforms, thermotolerant, Escherichia coli and heterotrophic bacteria in the water streams, and evaluate if E. coli acquires greater resistance to antibiotics after exposure to pesticides. After microbiological testing, it was found elevated concentrations of total coliform, fecal coliform and heterotrophic bacteria were found at all points of the streams. E. coli bacteria showed only ampicillin resistance, a result repeated after exposure to glyphosate, concluding that in the conditions of this work, the use of pesticides does not alter the sensitivity of E. coli to antimicrobials.


Both obesity and physical inactivity are associated with chronic disease and premature mortality. A review of the literature has shown that both objectively measured level of physical fitness and self‐reported physical activity have a prognostic value for all‐cause mortality, independently of body mass index. Furthermore, there is evidence for a dose–response effect of physical activity. In conclusion, regular exercise has health‐promoting effects, which are beyond its effect on weight control.


In a network based defence, the military forces that are superior in terms of information gathering and sharing also are envisioned to be more likely to outperform an opponent. Providing military decision makers with a common operational picture enables them to have a better and shared understanding of the situation when making critical decisions. This increases their chances of making right and timely decisions. In this paper, we argue that using peer-to-peer technology, with its inherent mechanisms for ad hoc networking, can be a good start at solving the problem of distributing a shared situation picture in network based defence C2IS. We illustrate our view by presenting basic requirements for a system that utilizes peer-to-peer technology to dynamically distribute situation information between actors. An architecture is outlined as well as some thoughts on its realization.


Renewable energy is playing an importance role as fuel price energy prices unstable. Solar energy is one of the furthermost popular renewable energy sources. This research illustrated the design and development of artificial Intelligence three dimensional microcontroller tracking system. By using this method is able to control the panel for optimizing and maximizing the amount of solar energy that can be received from the sun by controlling the rotation of the panel It also demonstrated the design and construction of the system. PIC16F877 Microcontroller is used to control the three dimensional tracking systems. This paper also covers the design and construction of the Solar Tracking mechanical system with the other peripheral electronic circuits. One stepper motors is attach to control the altitude angle, and one stepper Motor for the elevation angle. Four pairs of Light Dependent Resistor sensors (LDR) were used for distinguished the proportion of light intensity. The PIC16f877 is program using assembly language in Assemble for PIC. A real model of the system was demonstrated to validate the design. The system outlined in this research proved to be successful in detecting the direction of the sun


Many factors contribute to the success of an organization. The nursing workforce is the guiding strength behind the delivery of safe patient care resulting in quality outcomes. Preparing the nursing staff to deliver safe care begins with the introduction of evidence based practice as a viable partner to clinical expertise and knowledge. Implementing an evidence based education program is a critical step in the process of integrating evidence into clinical practice. This paper focuses on the implementation of an evidence based education program for Labor and Delivery nurses in a community hospital setting. Evidence based education can promote competency development, professional growth, and improve patient outcomes. Women seeking obstetrics care, and their infants, will benefit from evidence based, nursing education, aimed at the management of preeclampsia and the patient receiving Magnesium Sulfate, assessment of newborn transitional vital signs, maternal hemorrhage, shoulder dystocia, and the management of acute bedside emergencies.


automatic transmission comprising an input clutch, a gear change and parallel shaft gear mechanism, and automatic control means placed under the control of an electronic computer which in particular comprise an actuator of the clutch entry, engagement and selection actuators speeds, hydraulic power production means, and hydraulic power distributing means to the actuators, characterized in that all the mechanical actuators, generating means and power distributor (8, 9) and the oil reservoir (12) necessary for their operation are grouped in the same robotic module.


The present investigation was undertaken to identify the resistant genotypes amongst mutated rice population of the variety Pusa Basmati-1 induced by the gamma radiation (15kr). The variability in disease reaction was observed among mutated rice genotypes. Out of the total 8345 mutant lines, 23 lines belong to same class depicting 0 to 20 AULPC value and 3052 mutant lines come under the class having more than 200 AULPC. Out of 8345 mutated rice population 298 resistant genotypes were identified after screening under field conditions. Significant variation was observed in the disease reaction among the selected mutant population with respect to control (nonmutated). The selected genotypes depicting very low AULPC (Area Under Lesion Progress Curve) value have been advanced to M2 generation and screened with non-significant deviation for disease score. Nonsignificant variation in morphological expression and in yield attributes among the selected mutants was also reported. Thus, these genotypes could be considered a potential source for disease resistance against the sheath blight of rice and could be used further in the crossing programme for development of sheath blight resistant rice variety.