Accurate selection of the quality of maintenance resources, such as spares, tools, equipment, personnel, technical data, facilities and so forth, has a strong influence on mission success, and the cost of ownership. Among maintenance resources, spare part requirements are the most difficult to predict. Items within any system are very different from the point of view of reliability, cost, weight, volume, etc. Hence, the selection of spares for a planned mission must take into account all these features. Presents the generic mission success‐driven spares model developed for complex systems. The mathematical analysis used in the model enables the user to make the most suitable selection of the spares package for the planned mission. The illustrative examples presented clearly demonstrate the applicability and usefulness of the model introduced.


The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a crosslinked copolymer with anionogenic/anionic groups by free-radical copolymerization following the precipitation polymerization method, to the copolymers obtained by this process, and to their use.


catheter. This would add about 5s. to the cost of each maternity pack. Secondly, the general-practitioner obstetrician should be encouraged to make full use of time-saving presterilized disposable equipment by being allowed to prescribe such articles for a specific patient on an E.C. 10. Thirdly, in some areas, just as he has open access to hospital x-ray and laboratory services, the general practitioner *an, without charge, use the hospital syringe service and first 1⁄2Otain and later replace transfusion equipment. These facilities are presumably made available by local arrangement between hospital management committee and N.H.S. executive council. If so, such commendable liaison should be extended to all areas. I have been greatly helped by discussions with general practitioners M. Goodman (Liverpool), R. W. Attwood, B. A. Thompson, and V. Tonge (Chester), C. R. Kay (Didsbury), and D. A. P. Cooke (Ellesmere Port). I am indebted to Dr. Cooke for the photographs for some of the illustrations; and to Mr. J. G. Roberts, Ph.C., M.P.S., group pharmacist, Chester Hospitals, for much information regarding drugs and instruments.


We investigate the demand and supply of charitable donations to natural disasters on a large online platform. We document that the bulk of charitable donations goes to a tiny fraction of natural disasters, which tend to be severe disasters that receive media coverage. Charities do not fundraise for the remaining 96% of disasters, which account for 80% of casualties. Using an event study-type design to explore temporal patterns in charitable donations, we find that fundraising and giving for disaster relief occur in a timely fashion, but that both are effectively absent for disasters that occur within a 2-month window of large disasters which have attracted massive funding. We also find no evidence that donations to disasters crowd out those to other charitable causes.


Located in Buqingshan tectonic melange belt on the southern margin of Eastern Kunlun Orogeny, Yikehalaer granitoid comprises mainly of grayish white coarse grained granodiorite and fine grained granodiorite with gneissic structure and porphyaceous texture. The zircons of the rock assume typical magmatic zoning structure, suggesting the characteristics of magmatic zircon. The LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age is(436.9±5.7) Ma, suggesting the formation of granitoid in Early Silurian. The authors studied in detail the geological and geochemical characteristics of Yikehalaer granitoid, and the results show that SiO2 content ranges from 66.08% to 72.22%, Na2O content ranges from 4.61% to 5.01%, and K2O content ranges from 0.95% to 3.59%, similar to the characteristics of high potassium calc-alkali granite. The trace elements and rare earth elements(RRE) data show that the Yikehalaer granitoid is also classified as a adakitic granite, with high content of Sr ranging from 280×10-6to 493×10-6, low content of Y ranging from 3.76×10-6 to 11.7×10-6, low content of Yb ranging from 0.28×10-6 to 0.86×10-6, and high content of Sr/Y ranging from 23.93 to 125.0. Moreover, the chondrite-normalized REE patterns show rightly-dipping style, suggesting enrichment of LREE, with no obvious Eu anomaly. Petrogenetic research shows that the granitoid was most probably derived from the partial melting of the 10%~20% garnet amphibolite connecting the subducting oceanic crust. Regional tectonic research shows that the East Kunlun paleo-ocean basin in proto-Tethys domain experienced subduction from Cambrian until Early Silurian, which led to an important oceanic crust melting event at the late stage of oceanic crust subduction in Early Silurian.


This is a work presented at the Proceedings of the 6th Annual Federal Depository Library Conference April 14-17, 1997 in Washington, D.C., By way of example, it provides guidance on how to develop Library-Agency Partnerships. It shows why it is necessary to seek win-win relationships for agencies and libraries in times marked by budget constraints, technology transitions, institutional re-organizations, and policy gaps. Commonly, libraries lose access and control of information in these situations, and agencies focus on re-organization rather than dissemination. Opportunities are created for both parties to solve their respective problems through cooperation and sharing of skills and technological know-how. It is important to share the burden and the risks of developing long-term policy solutions for information dissemination and access. It argues for enhancing reputations for efficiency and meeting bottom-line demands. Libraries need to seek additional public and private support. Maintaining a high profile through association with key agencies can help. Agencies need to demonstrate their ability to function in a cost-effective, efficient manner. By partnering with key libraries in possession of cutting edge technology and information skills, agencies prove themselves creative and innovative.


An important but oft overlooked aspect of any robotic system is the synergistic benefit of designing the chassis to have high intrinsic mobility which complements rather than limits, its system capabilities. This novel concept continues to be investigated by the Defence Research Establishment Suffield (DRES) with the Articulated Navigation Testbed (ANT) Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV). The ANT demonstrates high mobility through the combination of articulated steering and a hybrid locomotion scheme which utilizes individually powered wheels on the edge of rigid legs; legs which are capable of approximately 450 degrees of rotation. The configuration can be minimally configured as a 4x4 and modularly expanded to 6x6, 8x8, and so on. This enhanced mobility configuration permits pose control and novel maneuvers such as stepping, bridging, crawling, etc. Resultant mobility improvements, particularly in unstructured and off-road environments, will reduce the resolution with which the UGV sensor systems must perceive its surroundings and decreases the computational requirements of the UGV's perception systems1 for successful semi-autonomous or autonomous terrain negotiation. This paper reviews critical vehicle developments leading up to the ANT concept, describes the basis for its configuration and speculates on the impact of the intrinsic mobility concept for UGV effectiveness.


The articles in this issue all stem from their authors' engagement, in one way or another, with the Student Assessment and Classification Working Group [SACWG]. Some are authored by members of SACWG; two others (Jackson & Ward; Elton) have arisen from contributions to SACWG workshops from outside the Group, and one (Baume et al.) derived from collaborative work involving a SACWG member. All have been subjected to the independent refereeing process operated by this Journal, and have benefited as a result. This 'SACWG special issue' was prompted by the Editor of this Journal, who had—as is chronicled below—published a number of articles that had stemmed from SACWG's work, and knew that other studies were in the pipeline. Would there be enough, he asked, on which a future issue of the Journal might be based? Whilst the Group was producing a steady stream of studies that were attracting the interest of colleagues when preliminary findings were presented at conferences and workshops, it felt that there would be insufficient material available at any one time to sustain a full issue of the Journal. However, if the 'SACWG criterion' were relaxed in order to admit articles that were connected with the Group's activities, there would be enough material for a single issue. The outcomes of the refereeing process confirmed this view. By the time that this issue is published, SACWG will have existed for a decade. The Group's origins and activities are described in the first article, 'Self-help in research and development relating to assessment: a case-study', which sets the scene for those that follow. However, the point of this article is not to rehash, selfreferentially, past publications, but rather to highlight what can be achieved in research and development terms with modest resources. The 'message' of this article may have a particular resonance in institutions that find difficulty in obtaining funding for research. Institutions have available to them more data than they are able to use. In the USA, it is common for institutions to have offices of institutional research which have the capacity to process large amounts of data for various purposes. Elsewhere, this kind of facility is a rarity. The way in which honours degree classifications are determined is an under-researched aspect of assessment, with custom and practice being dominant. 'Some effects of the award algorithm on honours degree classifications' is an example of what can be done, using existing institutional data, to inform the determination of a final award. Some of the problems with the honours degree classification (which apply to other systems of cumulating performances as


This thesis looks at new methods of achieving reliable data communication in wireless communication systems using different antenna transmission optimization methods. In particular, the problems of exploitation of MIMO communication channel diversity, secure downlink beamforming techniques, adaptive beamforming techniques, resource allocation methods, simultaneous power and information transfer and energy harvesting within the context
of multi-antenna wireless systems are addressed.


Poles of deformation lamellae in quartz in a folded quartz-mica-schist show two maxima in an incomplete girdle normal to the fold axis and are symmetrically situated with reference to late tension cracks in garnet. The deformation lamellae have thus formed late in the movement history of the rock, coinciding with the conjugate shear planes developed because of non-rotational strain after the megascopic fold with monoclinic symmetry was formed.


The book first discusses the various ideas which comprise the theory of the social contract, and then traces the history as it developed. The central theme of the social contract, the relationship of citizens and government, is also analyzed.


A simple, rapid, and accurate, routine-HPLC method is described for quantitation of Cefdinir in bulk powder and dosage form. The chromatographic separation was carried out on Chromolith Performance RP-18e column, a relatively new packing material consisting of monolithic rods of highly porous silica, using isocratic binary mobile phase of MeOH and 25 mM KH2PO4 pH 3.0 in the ratio of 10:90 at flow rate of 5 mL/min and 40°C. A diode array detector was used at 214 nm for detection. The elution time of Cefdinir was found to be 2.183 ± 0.003 minutes. The method was validated for system suitability, linearity, precision, limits of detection and quantitation, specificity, stability, and robustness. The robustness study was done for small changes in KH2PO4 concentration and pH, temperature, flow rate, wavelength of detection, % of MeOH in mobile phase, and injection volume. Stability tests were done through exposure of the analyte solution for four different stress conditions: Reflux with 1 N HCl, reflux with 1 N NaOH, reflux with 30% H2O2 and exposure to UV radiation. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.313 and 0.625 µgmL−1, respectively. The recovery value of this method was 98.00% and the reproducibility was within 2.98.


Using a proprietary dataset of a market maker's limit orders and order acknowledgments timestamped to the nanosecond, we explore the consistency and reliability of an exchange's price-time priority in practice. We find a high degree of variability in acknowledgment times, and we find that the proportion of times in which the first order entered is also first to be acknowledged is surprisingly low when consecutive orders are placed at very high frequencies. Furthermore, we provide suggestive evidence of impaired market quality in the form of: (i) excess messaging, and (ii) unabsorbed end-of-day order imbalance as a result.


Surface wave discharges (SWDs) are sustained by electromagnetic waves propagating along the plasma surface. We present results of a two-dimensional model, based on the self-consistent numerical solution of Maxwell's equations for the surface wave fields and a set of fluid equations for the plasma, that explain observed effects of the SWD geometry.


This article identifies and discloses the constitutional grounds for the protection of personal data in Russia. According to the author, such grounds appear in the form of certain constitutional rights that protect, inter alia, personal data. Here we are talking about the right to the inviolability of private life, the right to privacy of correspondence, of telephone conversations, postal, telegraph and other messages and the right to inviolability of the home. The article reveals the content of these constitutional rights in terms of protection of personal data. With the understanding of personal data as subject to the protection of these rights, a Russian model of constitutional protection of personal data can be constructed. At the same time it draws attention to the fact that the definition of the elements that make up the model, as well as the disclosure of their relationship, is only the first step in its substantive content. Refs 33.


We present a new touch sensitive liquid crystal display (LCD) with embedded capacitance sensor arrays which incorporate hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) and coupling capacitors. The proposed system utilizes the change in the capacitance of liquid crystal for touch‐panel operation and provides the location of the finger touch by obtaining the intersection point for the horizontal and vertical positions, thereby obviating the need for image capturing and real‐time image processing. By limiting the operation of the TFTs to the subthreshold region, we can suppress the degradation ofa‐Si:H TFTs. Due to the simple architecture, the proposed touch‐panel function can be readily integrated within large‐area displays.


Purpose: This study aims to enrich the published literature on hospitality and tourism by applying big data analytics and data mining algorithms to predict travelers' online complaint attributions to significantly different hotel classes (i.e., higher star-rating and lower star-rating). Design/methodology/approach: First, 1992 valid online complaints were manually obtained from over 350 hotels located in the UK. The textual data were converted into structured data by utilizing content analysis. Ten complaint attributes and 52 items were identified. Second, a two-step analysis approach was applied via data-mining algorithms. For this study, sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify the most important online complaint attributes, then decision tree models (i.e., the CHAID algorithm) were implemented to discover potential relationships that might exist between complaint attributes in the online complaining behavior of guests from different hotel classes. Findings: Sensitivity analysis revealed that Hotel Size is the most important online complaint attribute, while Service Encounter and Room Space emerged as the second and third most important factors in each of the four decision tree models. The CHAID analysis findings also revealed that guests at higher-star-rating hotels are most likely to leave online complaints about (i) Service Encounter, when staying at large hotels; (ii) Value for Money and Service Encounter, when staying at medium-sized hotels; (iii) Room Space and Service Encounter, when staying at small hotels. Additionally, the guests of lower-star-rating hotels are most likely to write online complaints about Cleanliness, but not Value for Money, Room Space, or Service Encounter, and to stay at small hotels. Practical implications: By utilizing new data-mining algorithms, more profound findings can be discovered and utilized to reinforce the strengths of hotel operations to meet the expectations and needs of their target guests. Originality/value: The study's main contribution lies in the utilization of data-mining algorithms to predict online complaining behavior between different classes of hotel guests.


Macrobrachium hainanense is a large palaemonid shrimp (total length >7cm), present at high densities (>2 individuals m -2 ) in pools of low-order forested streams in Hong Kong, Southern China. The present study investigated the diet and trophic status of this shrimp in pools of Tai Po Kau Forest Stream (TPK) and Tai Shing Stream (TSS). Macrobrachium hainanense was a generalist predator that fed selectively on sedentary and slow-moving prey (snails, chironomid larvae and calamoceratid caddisflies) eating them disproportionately relative to their abundance in pool benthic communities. Shrimp diets varied by size of the individual, by season and by stream. The diet of large males was dominated by the thiarid snail Brotia hainanensis, and ovigerous females had guts that were half as full as large females although their diet was similar to other life stages. Gut fullness was reduced in shrimps that had molted recently. Over 80 % of the food items eaten by M. hainanense at TPK during the wet season were B. hainanensis, while the dry season diet included a greater number of taxa including tube-dwelling Chironomidae (31 %), Trichoptera (25 %) and Ephemeroptera (24 %). This pattern of seasonal variation was less noticeable at TSS than at TPK. TPK M. hainanense had less full guts (∼ 50 %) than those at TSS (∼ 70 %), but, at both sites, shrimps with empty guts were encountered only during the wet season. The predaceous nature of M. hainanense through all life stages is in contrast to the omnivorous or detritivorous habit of other Macrobrachium species. The results of δ 15 N and δ 13 C stable isotope analysis of samples from TPK confirmed the predatory trophic status of M. hainanense. All life stages had isotopic signatures that were higher than to sympatric predatory invertebrates (e. g. Odonata). Allochthonous detritus made no direct contribution to the assimilated tissue of M. hainanense.


This research aims to determine the effect of topical cocoa extract application through ekspression of Bcl-2 and MDA on albino mice skin that induced by DMBA-TPA. The research was conducted at Animal Laboratory for application of DMBA, MDA-TPA and cocoa extract and Biomolecular Laboratory of Medical Faculty of Hasanuddin University Makassar as the place of ELISA examination. The method used was animal experimental with pure experimental design to know the role of topical cocoa extract towards the skin of mice which has been given DMBA-TPA three times a week in 12 weeks. The research unit was the skin of the back side of albino mice which have been excised and divided into 5 groups of treatment. The results indicate that extract of concentration cocoa 400 ppm (p<0.05) which is applied every day has the highest effects decreased of Bcl-2 and MDA expression after being inducted by DMBA-TPA three times a week.


> Thank you for your very informative and pertinent article "Best Practices in Postoperative Feeding" (June, 2012).* As an RN on a medical-surgical unit, I've questioned a one-size-fits-all approach to advancing diets. This article has provided me with some insight into directions I can take to further research the topic and ways I might bring this issue up at my facility. This past year we tackled the evidence for tube feelings, specifically regarding use of tap water versus sterile water. It's generated a lively debate. Some have bristled at the thought of a year's worth of tap water use going down the drain, especially because we've never had any complications. But facility policy now requires sterile water usage. It takes more time to use the sterile water, but if the patients are better off for it, let's get with the program! —NAME WITHHELD BY REQUEST


Departments of Clinical Genetics, Endocrinology, Plastic Surgery, Paediatric Cardiology, Radiology, NE Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Genomics England, Queen Mary University of London, Department of Clinical Genetics, 7th Floor Borough Wing Guy's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London and Department of Paediatrics, King George Hospital, Ilford, UK Correspondence to Francesca Forzano, Department of Clinical Genetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Level 4, Barclay House, 37, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BH, UK Tel: + 44 020 7762 8698; e-mails: firstname.lastname@example.com; firstname.lastname@example.com


In article actual problems of a homeland security of the country in the conditions of modern calls and threats are considered. The role and place of defense industry complex, its structures, such as the Military-industrial commission, in development and realization of strategy of a homeland security is defined.


Based on the actual demand of electronic countermeasure(ECM) training, in order to overcome the disadvantages of manual training data collection at present, a software automatic collection technology is proposed, and the corresponding algorithm is given. Compared with the traditional manual collection method, this technology has the advantages of high efficiency, accuracy, easy transplantation, and easy application of collected data. It can be used in the future electronic countermeasures training tasks to improve the efficiency and quality of data collection, thus improving the effectiveness of training evaluation and achieving the training purpose.


SL-285, a 5-page illustrated fact sheet by Alan L. Wright and Edward A. Hanlon, recommends for growers, managers, and researchers the new and simple Loss-On-Ignition (LOI) test for determining the organic matter content of soils. Includes additional sources of information. Published by the UF Department of Soil and Water Sciences, April 2009.
SL 285/SS498: Measuring Organic Matter in Everglades Wetlands and the Everglades Agricultural Area (ufl.edu)


corn rn u n ity-bu i Id ing. pastsoil disturbance activities such as road construction and timber harvesting on steep slopes and highly erodible soils have caused a major erosion problem on the Hood Canal Ranger District of the Olympic National Forest in northwestern Washington. The first step in healing these watersheds was the development of the Watershed Improvement Needs Inventory (WIN). The inventory identifies and evaluates sites with slope-failures or a high liklihood of failure, and recommends restoration measures for them. To date, over 6,500 existing and 15,000 potential slope failures have been evaluated on approximately 40,000 hectares of National Forest land on the Hood Canal Ranger District. Inventory results reveal many things. For example, we have learned that 90 percent of problem sites are road-related (70 percent of these are sidecast failures or road drainage failures, and 30 percent are cutbank failures). Approximately 65 percent of all sites identified affect water quality and fish habitat. As the inventory matures, we continue to learn more about how erosion affects other components of a watershed's ecosystem. Information gathered from the inventory is proving valuable for assessing watershed and ecosystem health. The data help determine where to concentrate restoration efforts within a watershed. It also gives us a better understanding of how to deal with specific project sites. We are currently working in the South Fork Skokomish watershed, and plan to concentrate our restoration work there for at least ten years. Restoration projects include road decommissioning, unstable landing and sidecast removal projects, revegetation with native trees and shrubs, riparian tree-planting, soil bioengineering, soil biotechnical engineering, and hydromulching, both by truck and from the air. The key elements in Hood Canal Ranger District's successfial watershed restoration program have been project planning and design, willingness to move from words to action, systematic monitoring of project effectiveness, and involving as many partners as possible during all phases. These partnerships include individuals and groups inside, as well as outside, our agency.


At present, deep convolutional neural network (CNN) has been successfully applied to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target recognition, and achieved good recognition effect. Compared with traditional methods, the recognition performance has been significantly improved. However, in practical applications, the resources of data processing platform are very limited, the computation and the memory cost of deep convolutional neural network are high. These two factors hinder its smooth deployment on embedded devices. This paper proposed a lightweight neural network design strategy combined with knowledge distillation for target recognition. First, a convolutional network model is designed based on the improved inverted residual structure, and a lightweight neural network is obtained, which is used as a student network. Then, the teacher network (a well-trained deep network model) is used to perform knowledge distillation, which affects the student network. training to improve the recognition accuracy. Finally, the trained student network is used to complete the 10-category target recognition in the MSTAR dataset.


ABSTRACT In this research the meat quality of the two canary sheep local breeds, Canaria breed (CB) and Canaria Hair breed (CHB), was evaluated, making groups of 10 males and females from each, slaughtered at live weights of 9.78 ± 0.49 kg, 15.8 ± 0.66 kg and 24.9 ± 0.76 kg. The breed affected to meat and fat colour at 24 h after slaughter. Meat of CB showed more redness and more chroma values. Fat of CB showed greater lightness. Related to the physio-chemical analysis of the meat, CB showed higher water-holding capacity, shear force and intramuscular fat content that CHB; however, CHB showed higher protein and ash percentages that CB. In relation to fat quality, CB presented higher MUFA percentage and CHB had higher PUFA percentage. CHB showed the lower atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes. Slaughter weight affected the pH, meat and fat colour and also all physio-chemical parameters, except shear force and collagen content and the fatty acid profile. Males had higher moisture content, soluble collagen and PUFA, while females had higher MUFA. The breed effect on meat quality was shown mainly in lambs slaughtered at 10 kg. Owing to their fatty acid profile, the healthiest meat was from lambs slaughtered at 25 kg.


Summer rainfall trends in Southeastern South America (SE-SA) have received attention in recent decades because of their importance for climate impacts. More than one driving mechanism has been identified for the trends, some of which have opposing effects. It is still not clear how much each mechanism has contributed to the observed trends or how their combined influence will affect future changes. Here we address the second question and study how the CMIP6 summer SE-SA rainfall response to green house warming can be explained by mechanisms related to large-scale extratropical circulation responses in the Southern Hemisphere to remote drivers (RDs) of regional climate change. We find the regional uncertainty is well represented by combining the influence of four RDs: tropical upper tropospheric amplification of surface warming, the delay in the stratospheric polar vortex breakdown date, and two RD's characterizing recognized tropical Pacific SST warming patterns. Applying a storyline framework, we identify the combination of RD responses that lead to the most extreme drying and wetting scenarios. Although most scenarios involve wetting, SE-SA drying can result if high upper-tropospheric tropical warming and early stratospheric polar vortex breakdown conditions are combined with low central and eastern Pacific warming. We also show how the definition of the SE-SA regional box can impact the results, since the spatial patterns characterizing the dynamical influences are complex and the rainfall changes can be averaged out if these are not considered when aggregating. This article's perspective and the associated methodology are applicable to other regions of the globe.


There are different grades and types of violence expressions amongst university students. The research is based an a previous diagnostic study where all the data showed the presence of an array of violence expressions inside the institution and draws attention to the importance and transcendence it bears for the institution community.
Several inquiries and research works on violence facts, were taken as a starting point, as it has been found an attachment and/or a correlation with the existing risk factors in the family, the social and the school settings of the students, that appear through the lack of adherence to the moral standards, and the failure to face adversity, aggression, and an inability to socialize. The ability to face adversity, to draw strength out of it and to learn throughout the experience is called resilience. Resilience is important for the development of key factors on individuals associated with specific ethical values, and that are prone to render advantageous answers towards the decrease of violence expressions, improvement of personal abilities and social adjustment.
To support the decrease of violence expression on the student population, this work, study presents, based on structured interviews applied to a random sample group of degree-level students, together with self-made questionnaires based on instruments tested on previous surveys with a positive outcome. These tools allowed an investigation on specific ethical values and student�s violence expressions, permitting an interpretation analysis using the SPSS analysis software to produce correlation charts.
In conclusion this study will determine to what extent the violence expressions profiles correlate and how much, with the specified ethical values and, at the same time, with the expression of resilience factors on the surveyed population.
Consequently, the proposition of a planned changing model based upon ethical values that promote the resilient attitude among students and diminishes the student�s violence on the institution.


The facts The rivalry between Samsung and Apple gave birth to a terrific number of disputes around the globe. One of the last chapters of this never ending saga took place in Milan when Samsung…


Abstract Orb-weaving spiders modulate their web-building behavior in response to changes in their situation (internal or external state), and this capacity is expected to directly influence fitness. To understand the rules underlying the investment devoted to web construction, we need to quantify precisely the costs and benefits associated with web-building behavior. The sticky silk (capture spiral) is costly to produce and to set up and is a limiting factor in web building. Thus, it would be useful to have an efficient formula to calculate the total capture thread length (CTL) produced, which reflects the investment devoted to foraging activities. On the basis of web photographs we tested nine formulae on webs built by three spider species: Zygiella x-notata (Clerck), Araneus diadematus Clerck, and Larinioides sclopetarius (Clerck). We compared the calculated lengths with lengths directly measured from photographs. We showed that the most efficient formula (CTLvh) involved data recorded along both the horizontal and vertical axes. Because of its accuracy for all species tested, together with its ease of use in the field, this formula represents a useful tool for behavioral ecology studies on spiders.


EC SENSOR INCLUDES HUB 3 CONNECTION WITH FIRST SOLID AND RING 8 LIE TO A SECOND SOLID CONNECTED BY FIRST THREE BLADES 2 AND THREE SECONDS BLADES 6 BUILT TO THEIR ENDS, THE BLADES 2 6 BECAUSE ELASTICS IN A PRIVILEGED DIRECTION SENSITIVE EVERY FIRST BLADE 2 RESPECTIVELY IS LINKED TO SECOND BLADE 6, SO AS RESPONSIVE MANAGEMENT OF AN oRTHOGONAL TO BE RESPONSIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE OTHER BY A sELECTIVE BINDING 1, 5 THAT SPREAD THAT eFFORTS BY AN SE dECOMPOSING ETOU OTHER SENSITIVE DIRECTIONS ORTHOGONAL BLADES ASSOCIATED 2, 6, dEFORMATIONS OF BEING mOUNTED SENSORS ON BLADES 2, 6 AND CONNECTED TO MEASURING APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING IN aPPLIED FORCES RESPONSIVE MANAGEMENT OF BLADES AND ALLOW THE DETERMINATION OF FORCES IN FORMING AN EQUIVALENT wrench wrench FORCES APPLIED TO THE BODY OF.


Rhizobial isolates from the nodules of soya bean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) grown at three west African locations (in Nigeria and Niger) were examined for colony morphology, serological reactivity, symbiotic effectiveness and tolerance of environmental stresses. Different proportions of two colony types, designated wet and dry, were found at each location. The wet and dry strains were delineated in terms of their serological properties, consistent with the likelihood that these colony types represent fundamentally different types of rhizobia(.)


Introduction The school's experience for children with ADHD is challenging. This group of children presents problems to meet cognitive and behavioral levels expected in children of the same age and development (Romero-Ayuso, Maestu, Gonzalez-Marques, Romo-Barrientos & Andrade, 2006). Children diagnosed with ADHD present cognitive problems that make scholarly activities challenging. Because these children struggle identifying individual graphemes or constructing meaningful words they find it difficult to complete reading assignments. There are issues with their short time memory that contributes to their dyslexia or dysgraphia diagnosis (Pineda, 2009). Low average marks, failed grades, expulsions, dropout rates, and lower rate of undergraduate completion characterize the academic difficulties faced by children with ADHD (U.S. Department of Education, 2015). In addition, ADHD children present persistent symptoms related to inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that make it difficult to be socially integrated. Sometimes they adopt a self-defense position and are not aware of their physical strength that sometimes causes that a peer ends hurt, and thereof ignored or rejected for their schoolmates. For these children, teachers have to implement different approaches when assigning activities aiming to gain a student's interest and encourage peer interactions. In that regard some efforts have been focused to using digital technologies as the medium to create a better accepted learning experience, in some cases, for instance, digital technology which has been seen as a resource that can help teachers to deliver course content in a social story way. KAPEAN similarly uses a technology-based setting to let the child play with educational resources. While playing children practices some of their memory, attention and reasoning skills. In addition, KAPEAN collects information about the affective states that are present during the educational game as it aims to get understanding of how to take into account children emotions for future designs of adaptive tutoring tools. In the following sections we first review the literature that indicates the interest for developing affection-based adaptive learning tools. Next we describe the methodology followed to design the case study. Then a discussion of results from playing with KAPEAN is presented. Finally, conclusions and the future work for KAPEAN are given. Literature review At the school setting children are expected to achieve tasks with minimal distraction in such a way that pupils can acquire information, complete assignments and participate in classrooms activities and discussions. This level of behavior is most of the time however unachievable for children with ADHD. These children exhibit behaviors that make it difficult to maintain interactions with teachers and with peers. For this group of children the American Psychiatric Association defines a combination of behaviors that can be grouped into poor sustained attention and hyperactivity-impulsiveness (Jackson, 2004). Furthermore, children with ADHD can present other behavioral problems or learning disabilities. The design of successful instructional strategies and practices require from the teacher a careful study of the child's needs such as how, when and why the child is inattentive, impulsive and hyperactive. In that regard we observed that some work proposed the integration of digital technologies such as computers and mobile devices as the medium to deliver instructional resources. The use of multimedia applications can offer different advantages from its physical resource counterpart, especially when considering that children are within a digital landscape. Many children today stay at home watching TV, listening to music, playing videogames, chatting or surfing the Web. Xu, Reid and Steckelberg (2002) offers a review of the extent to which technology could be seen as effective tools to support computer-assisted instruction, cognitive training, biofeedback training, assessment, and behavior modification, something children with ADHD can positively be affected with. …


Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD) is a rare childhood-onset epilepsy syndrome associated with infection and characterized by a biphasic clinical course. T he initial symptom is a prolonged febrile seizure on day 1 (the first phase). Afterwards, patients have variable levels of consciousness from normal to coma. Irrespective of the consciousness levels, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during the first 2 days shows no abnormality. During the second phase (usually days 4 6), patients show a cluster of seizures and deterioration of consciousness. Diffusionweighted images (DWI) on MRI reveal the brain lesions with reduced diffusion predominantly in the subcortical white matter. After the second acute phase, consciousness levels improve with the emerging focal neurological signs. Neurological outcomes of AESD vary from normal to mild or severe sequelae including cerebral atrophy, mental retardation, paralysis and epilepsy. Qeios · Definition, February 10, 2020


The Geographical Information Systems - GIS consists of a tool for spatial data analysis and can be introduced into the teaching activities at different grades. This work describes the implementation stages of the ALFAGIS Project, in the secondary education, using the resources of Internet and the SAGA/UFRJ GIS, fomenting the use of GIS technology and the dissemination of Geoprocessing culture.


An overview of the recent developments regarding the RF signal processing for the stochastic cooling system of the Collector Ring is given. In focus are the developments of generic RF components which can be used at different locations within the signal paths between the pick-up and kicker tanks in the frequency band 1-2 GHz. Two of these components are discussed in detail, a power meter with high dynamic range (+9 dBm to -68 dBm), low phase distortion (± 0.75deg(max)) and low attenuation (≤ 0.4dB) and a variable phase shifter with exceptionally flat amplitude (± 0.4dB(max)) and linear phase response (± 3.5deg(max)). Furthermore, we present the status and the newest enhancements of other components with stringent specifications, such as optical notch filters, pick-up module controllers, variable attenuators, beta-switch combiners and the power amplifiers at the kickers.


With the continuous improvement of big data technology, my country's coal liquefaction technology has also continued to mature, maintaining a stable industrial development. Traditional coal pyrolysis technology for tar production with the purpose of increasing tar production, such as coal hydropyrolysis, has problems such as high cost of pure hydrogen atmosphere and complex process and equipment operations, which severely restrict its industrial operation process. Based on this, this paper proposes a new technology of coal pyrolysis and depolymerization coupled with oil increase by using hydrogen precipitated by the condensation polymerization reaction at relatively high temperature under big data technology to study the effect of this process on coal pyrolysis for oil production. Experiments show that at 700°C, the tar yield reaches 21.5wt.%, which is 6% and 7% higher than the pyrolysis tar yield under the same conditions under hydrogen and nitrogen atmospheres. At 600°C, the methane aromatization reaction is relatively weak, and it can be seen that the tar yield is only slightly higher than that under hydrogen and nitrogen atmospheres. As the temperature of the methane anaerobic aromatization reaction increases, the equilibrium conversion rate increases accordingly. Therefore, as the reaction temperature increases, the tar yield also begins to increase.


Hydraulic model studies were made for the Y-branch steel penstock located in a vertical bend. The model tests were performed for various modes of pumping and generating operation. The prime objectives of the mode studies were to determine if the location of Y-branch in the bend is acceptable, to determine if head loss is sensitive to geometry of sickle plate, and to determine if pressure pulsations generated by the Y-branch and/or sickle plate would be significant to the structural design of the Y-branch. The model test indicated that head loss is not sensitive to the sickle plate size and any of the three sickle plates was acceptable from standpoint of head loss, and the decision for sickle plate geometry was based solely on structural consideration. The test also demonstrated that relocation of the Y-branch was not necessary in view of acceptable head losses and pressure fluctuations at the bend.


An important role of open learner models (OLMs) is to support self-reflection. We explore how to do this for an OLM based on fine-grained long term physical activity tracker data that many people are accumulating. We aim to tackle two well-documented challenges that people face, in making effective use of an OLM for reflection. 1. We created a tutorial to scaffold sense-making needed to understand the meaning of the OLM. 2. We integrated an interface scaffold to help users consider key questions for effective reflection. We report the results of a qualitative think-aloud lab study with 21 participants viewing their own long term OLM. To evaluate the tutorial scaffolding, we split participants into an experimental group, who did a tutorial before exploring the OLM and a control group which explored the interface without the tutorial. To evaluate the reflection scaffolding, all participants first explored the interface as they wished. We then provided goal prompts to scaffold reflection. Our study revealed that, under lab conditions, the tutorial scaffolding was not needed - all participants in both groups could readily understand the OLM. However, we found that several of the goal prompts were important to help participants consider key questions for effective reflection. Our key contribution is insights into the design of scaffolding for reflection in a life-long learning context of gaining insights and setting goals for physical activity.


Triangle meshes are the most used representations for three-dimensional objects, and triangle strips are the organization of triangles mostly used for e‐cient rendering. Since the problem of optimal strip decomposition of a given mesh is NP-complete, many difierent heuristics have been proposed; the quality of the stripiflcation is usually evaluated using standard indicators as the total number of strips, the number of isolated triangles, the cache coherence, the number of swap vertices. In this paper we present the Enhanced Tunnelling Algorithm (ETA), a stripiflcation method working on the dual graph of a mesh. The method uses a sophisticated mechanism of dynamical update of identiflers, guided by a localization procedure. The algorithm adopts a modifled search approach in the dual graph that accelerated the convergence speed of the algorithm. The ETA results e‐cient and robust, able to deal with datasets of any dimension. The quality of the stripiflcation is remarkable: very few strips (not seldom just one), no isolated triangles, good cache coherence (ACMR value), good number of vertex per triangle.


Josh Redwine argues that trust is necessary to keep drinking safe at Rice. Swimming wins the Conference USA title for the first time by 26 points. All residential colleges held mandatory meetings on Monday night to discuss each college's response to the recent campus-wide moratorium on hard alcohol and to inform students about the circumstances that led up to the administrative action. Each college was given the freedom to specify its own enforcement policies, definition of a private party and other aspects of moratorium that were mentioned in the letter from Dean of Undergraduates John Hutchinson on Feb. 24. "I actually thought the e-mail was rather straightforward and direct ," Martel College freshman Jon Hua said. "Dean Hutchinson made it clear that alcohol has been a recurring problem this year, and this fact was only proven further during the alcohol meeting, though I did think the alcohol meeting stated redundant points already mentioned before." Although the length of the meetings varied, the format for the "alcohol talks" generally included a presentation of recent EMS statistics and the dangers of drinking. Lead by college cabinet members, the meetings also included a clarification of specific terms of the probation and a Q&A session. "I didn't know [the meeting] was supposed to be a discussion ... it was definitely just a powerpoint and Q&A," McMurtry College junior Krishna Sajja said. "Students didn't have much if any input into the policy changes and, more importantly, didn't even know about the changes until seeing the e-mail before spring break." Hanszen Acceptable: beer, wine or ale. ^ No hard liquor may be served at registered private parties, nor may minors be served at public parties. ^ Students of age can still buy, hold and consume hard liquor. Hard liquor and punch are banned from both public and private parties. Baker Can't serve hard liquor at private parties, which must be registered. Punch must be labeled with alcohol content. ^ Hard liquor is defined as a drink with an alcohol content of over 20%. ^ If students intend to consume more than handle of liquor or 60 beers, it will be considered to be a private party. ^ Extra attention will be given to preventing under-age consumption of hard liquor. Lovett Hard liquor banned at private parties. ^ Private parties defined as gatherings of four or more people. Acceptable: beer, wine and champagne. If clarification is necessary, …


Regulation of quality of supply in its present form in Norway, has been introduced through a step-wise evolution. The most recent step is the introduction of a new set of regulations relating to the quality of supply in the Norwegian power system. The new Power Quality Directive (PQD) was put into force January 1 st 2005. The paper gives an overview of the new directive, its intentions and its content. The PQD includes new requirements for Power Quality (PQ) documentation, PQ information and PQ service as well as limits for certain voltage quality phenomena. The phenomena dealt with are mainly the same as defined in EN 50160. In the paper a comparison with EN 50160 is given, as the PQD goes further than the EN 50160 on some phenomena.


After the success of energy recovery linac (ERL) for the superconducting free-electron laser (FEL) in the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), the JAERI ERL-FEL has been upgrading for high-power and longpulse operation. The properties of the superconducting linac required for long-pulse operation were measured such as pressure in the cryostat, vibration of cavity frequency and piezo tuner response. The RF control systems have been also upgraded to reduce the fluctuation to less than 0.1% for amplitude and 0.1 deg for phase.


We give an integral representation for solutions of the elliptic quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov-Bernard difference equations, in the case of sl(2). The result is based on a geometric construction of highest weight representations of the elliptic quantum group associated to sl(2). We also obtain Bethe ansatz eigenfunctions for the corresponding integrable systems of difference operators, and prove their completeness in some cases.


With the advance of VLSI technology and growth of embedded memory density, a corresponding increase in the number of defects has resulted in yield and quality degradation. Built-in Self-Repair (BISR) solves this problem by replacing faulty cells with healthy redundant cells. Built-in Redundancy analyzer (BIRA) as a key component of BISR performs redundancy analysis and spare allocation. In this paper we used the symmetry feature of binary search tree to reduce the BIRA hardware overhead. Implementation results of the proposed BIRA for a 2×2 redundancy configuration are presented.


The Jiangling depression is located in the west of Jianghan rift basin,and potassium-rich brine was mainly formed in Palaeocene.The study of the palaeoclimate evolution in Palaeocene has great theoretical and practical significance for further potash survey.The δ13CPDB values of carbonate in Shashi Formation of Jiangling depression vary between –4.8‰ and –1.0‰ with an average of –3.4‰;the δ18OPDB values are between –5.6‰ and –0.6‰ with an average of –3.3‰;the δ13CPDB values of carbonate in Xingouzui Formation of Jiangling depression are in the range of –10.8‰ ~ –8.8‰ with an average of –9.3‰;the δ18OPDB values are between –10.2‰ and –6.7‰ with an average of –8.6‰.The δ13CPDB and δ18OPDB values of micrite in Shashi Formation show good positive correlation,suggesting a relative closed salt lake system with apparent evaporation.However,in Xingouzui Formation,the relationship between δ13CPDB and δ18OPDB is indistinct,implying an open lake system whose water was stagnant only for a short time.The carbon and oxygen isotopes as well as Sr/Ba and Mg/Ca ratios reveal that Shashi Formation had relatively high paleosalinity and evaporation/raining ratio.The paleo-lake surface is higher in Xingouzui Formation than in Shashi Formation.The differences of carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of the Palaeocene lake in Jiangling depression reveal the change from dry-hot climate in Shashi Formation to wet climate in Xingouzui Formation.It is thus inferred that the palaeoclimate changed greatly from Shashi Formation to Xingouzui Formation in Jiangling depression throughout the Paleogene period.This change was favorable for the salt lake evolution and potassium deposition in Shashi Formation.


The article analyzes the lexical substitution in phrasemes of different-structured languages, considers the points of view of well-known phraseologists on the nature and mechanism of variance in the sphere of phraseology, gives examples of phraseological variants in Russian, Tatar, Kazakh and German.


The introduction explores the concept of privilege as it is discussed in mid-century slave narratives. Slaves were denied constitutional and legal rights accorded to American whites, but privileges—sought or received, earned or negotiated, won or lost—shaped the lives of many mid-century narrators, especially the most famous ones, as their narratives make amply clear. A privilege could bring enhanced material resources, social advantages, or prerogatives that could make an almost unbearable bondage to some degree more tolerable. Access to privileges was a major basis for social distinctions and rankings among the enslaved. Slave narratives indicate that the higher one's socioeconomic status in slavery, the better one's chances were of escaping. Most of the sixty-one slave narratives examined in this book came from persons who launched themselves into freedom from positions of relative privilege in the upper echelons of slavery.


Aeromonas salmonicida is a ubiquitous Gram-negative bacterium. It mainly found in aquatic ecosystem. It is most common pathogen in salmonids. Reported infections due to A. salmonicida in humans are very rare. A 5-year-old child admitted with fever since more than a week and loose motions. The blood culture showed growth of A. salmonicida. The child responded well to intravenous antibiotics and discharged after 5 days of admission. A. salmonicida is a rare but potential pathogen for human infections. Modern diagnostic methods are being effective in diagnosing it and empirical antibiotics (Cephalosporin) are helpful in treating it.


The effect of snacking before going to sleep on the nocturnal secretion of GH was investigated in 7 children with non-GH deficiency short stature. Each child was tested on two nights: on one night, the child ate a snack before going to bed, but on the other night, the child did not. Serum GH concentrations were measured every 20 min during the first 3 h of sleep. GH concentrations in urine collected the following morning were also examined. Mean and maximum serum GH values, and urinary GH concentrations were lower in all of the children when they had eaten a snack before going to bed.


A new type of genetic algorithm (GA) has been developed and implemented for the use in the particle tracking velocimetry. High performance of particle tracking is achieved by introducing a new fitness function as well as by some new ideas in the selection, crossover and mutation operations. With this new algorithm, the GA-based particle tracking velocimetry is likely to attain optimal solutions more quickly and expected to be applied to PIV recordings with larger numbers of particles.


We describe the distribution of frequencies ordered by sample values in a random sample of size $n$ from the two parameter GEM$(\alpha,\theta)$ random discrete distribution on the positive integers. These frequencies are a $($size$-\alpha)$-biased random permutation of the sample frequencies in either ranked order, or in the order of appearance of values in the sampling process. This generalizes a well known identity in distribution due to Donnelly and Tavare (1986) for $\alpha = 0$ to the case $0 \le \alpha < 1$. This description extends to sampling from Gibbs$(\alpha)$ frequencies obtained by suitable conditioning of the GEM$(\alpha,\theta)$ model, and yields a value-ordered version of the Chinese Restaurant construction of GEM$(\alpha,\theta)$ and Gibbs$(\alpha)$ frequencies in the more usual size-biased order of their appearance. The proofs are based on a general construction of a finite sample $(X_1,\dots,X_n)$ from any random frequencies in size-biased order from the associated exchangeable random partition $\Pi_\infty$ of $\mathbb{N}$ which they generate.


We fabricated 4.75in. diagonal field emitter arrays with a double-gated structure in which the carbon nanotubes were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition using CO and H2 as feed gases. The nanotubes grown directly inside gate holes were used as an emitter. The diameter of the gate hole opening was as small as 4μm, accompanied with a large number of gate holes in a pixel. The electron beam spreading was minimized by employing a focus electrode. It was found that neither anode voltage nor focus electrode voltage had a strong influence on the anode current. The pixel-to-pixel uniformity of the fabricated structure was measured to be about 91%. Considering the limitation of the structure that has only a vertical resistive layer, it can be said that the fabricated field emitter shows quite a good uniformity.


In the field of materials science, understanding the mechanical behavior of irradiated materials is crucial for the design and development of advanced nuclear systems. Eurofer 97, a reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic steel, is a widely used structural material in such systems. However, accurately predicting the stress-strain curves of irradiated Eurofer 97 presents a significant challenge due to the complex interaction of various factors.


The approach to TVVE fuel consumption optimization problem determination is offered. The problem determination is realized in 2 stages. The determination search first stage is realized on the earth based on the engine mathematic model. The second stage is realized during flight and consists in updating received on the earth results. The Genetic algorithm provides the effective problem determination at work with a considerable quantity of operated parameters.


This paper aims to contribute to the literature on the rise of so-called 'network cities' through an empirical analysis of hubs in the global airline network. Standard airline databases do not feature the actual routes flown by passengers, and therefore, a new and previously untapped database is introduced. The employed data are transnational and feature origin/destination statistics with additional information on intermediate stops (if any), which allows a thorough assessment of hub structures in the global airline network. The first part of the empirical analysis presents a threefold hub assessment, i.e. (i) an overview of the major hubs in absolute terms, (ii) a similar overview of hubs in relative terms, and (iii) a measure that focuses on the number of cities that make intense use of a hub. The second part of the empirical analysis focuses on some aspects of the spatiality of hub-and-spoke organisation. This is achieved through an examination of the proportion of 'regional' hub passengers and some notable case studies. Copyright (c) 2007 by the Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG.


In the present invention, when overlapping laser welding of galvanized steel sheet, between the galvanized steel sheet to be welded to each other by generating embossed projections using laser beams of conduction welding sections on both sides along the welding line on one galvanized steel sheet to be welded. The present invention provides a laser welding method for galvanized steel sheet which is formed by overlapping laser welding of galvanized steel sheet with a laser beam between keyhole welding sections in the form of a gap for zinc vapor to escape. Laser welding method, conduction welding, galvanized steel sheet, galvanized layer, embossing projection


The weaver gene with three coding exons located on human chromosome 21 (21q22.1-22.2) encodes for the GIRK2 protein subunits of a human ATP-sensitive K-channel which plays a central role in insulin release from pancreatic β-cells (Sakura, H., Bond, C., Warren-Perry, M. et al. (1995)) and is widely and distinctively expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) (Ikeda, K., Yoshii, M., Sora, I. et al (2003)). The mice phenotype weaver mutation (Gly-Ser), characterized by ataxia, tremor, male infertility, tonic-clonic seizures and the degeneration of cerebellum granule neurons (Yao, W., Zhong, J., Yu, T. et al. (2008)), was caused by a point missense mutation (Gly-Ser) in the H5 region of weaver gene (Patil, N., Cox, D., Bhat, D. et al. (1995)). Therefore, weaver gene participates in a wide range of physiologic responses (Benarroch, E. (2009)). Cattle weaver syndrome is a recessive genetic disease which was found in 36 purebred Brown Swiss cattle in 1973 (Stuart, L., and Leipold, H. (1985)). Interestingly, cattle weaver syndrome is related to cattle milk production (Georges, M., Dietz, A., Mishra, A. et al. (1993)). Weaver carrier cows have an higher producing milk than noncarrier ones (Hoeschele, I., and Meinert, T. (1990)). Thus, weaver gene is an important potential candidate gene for production performance in livestock. Therefore, the aim of present study was to scan SNPs within the caprine weaver gene by using PCR-SSCP, DNA sequencing and Forced-PCR-RFLP methods and to determine the associations of the polymorphisms with milk yield and milk composition.


A process for producing a metal member having an abrasive through a material and / or a material reshaping processing generated three-dimensional shape, a fine processing of one or more excellent component sections by electrochemical machining by means of a nozzle-like cathode, through which an electrolyte is discharged into the working area, and wherein the cathode or the metal member is moved by a manipulator member freely in space, is carried out.


Chapter 2 illustrates and briefly comments on the definitions elaborated by scholars, and posits a new overall one, also clarifying whether and to what extent public pension funds can be considered as SWFs and what effect the definition posited may have on the implementation of codes of conduct, or national investment rules, and on international investment treaties. The author also lists and comments on classifications elaborated by scholars, and posits a new one, explaining both the reasons why classifying SWFs is so critical, and why and how SWFs differ from SOEs, investigating the consequences of the classification proposed as well. An SWF definition and classification is crucial, for according to the growing discussion on competitive neutrality, any issues under international investment law – some of which are investigated in other chapters in the volume – would presumably apply to both SWFs and SOEs. Both definitions and classifications take due account of concerns raised by the recent growth of SWFs. The author also investigates SWFs' structure, function and governance from a legal perspective. The governance design of an SWF is relevant for SWF scoring purposes, for setting SWF standards and best practices, for applying host states' security measures (subject to certain conditions), and for assessing whether sovereign immunity or Bilateral Investment Treaties clauses apply. But, first of all, the governance structure is relevant for classifying SWFs. Classification is relevant, in turn, for foreseeing and understanding their behaviour, assessing what it is reasonable to expect from them in terms of transparency, accountability, investment and strategies, also considering SWFs' different regional practices, political or religious constraints, relations with their home state, purposes (intergenerational equity and/or ethical objectives or stabilization purposes etc.). Many scholars focus on specific aspects of governance design (Clark, Dixon, Monk, Gelpren, Baker, Truman, Gilson, Milhaupt, Bassan); in this chapter the author deepens the research on the legal profiles, in order to better understand how SWFs operate.


The development of robotized wheelchairs, with the ability to acquire environment information, that enables safe transportation of severely disable people is a current need. In this area, is known the application of techniques from mobile robotics field. The use of standard commercial wheelchairs combined with modular hardware and software platforms allow the development, tuning and future expansion of these systems. More specifically, the so called software robotic platforms have certain advantages over traditional "custom made" design techniques. This work presents important results from the simulation of a robotized wheelchair, previously designed, by using the free software Player/Stage robotic platform, under Ubuntu 9.10 distribution. A three-dimensional model was developed and two local navigation algorithms were also tested.


The Internet of things will be the key area in next 15 year's development which succeeds Internet and leads IT world.This paper aims at special location of remote environment of unmanned highway computer room and special case of unknown the working enviroment of computer room in time,uses the related conception of Internet of Things to preliminary study and discuss the remote and monitor technology for computer room's enviroment.


This paper presents the experimental validation of software-based safety features implemented during the control of a prosthetic limb in self-feeding tasks with a human patient. To ensure safe operation during patient controlled movements of the limb, velocity-based virtual fixtures are constructed with respect to the patient's location and orientation relative to the limb. These imposed virtual fixtures or safety zones modulate the allowable movement direction and speed of the limb to ensure patient safety during commanded limb trajectories directed toward the patient's body or environmental obstacles. In this implementation, the Modular Prosthetic Limb (MPL) will be controlled by a quadriplegic patient using implanted intracortical electrodes. These virtual fixtures leverage existing sensors internal to the MPL and operate in conjunction with the existing limb control. Validation of the virtual fixtures was conducted by executing a recorded set of limb control inputs while collecting both direct feedback from the limb sensors and ground truth measurements of the limb configuration using a Vicon tracking system. Analysis of the collected data indicates that the system performed within the limitations prescribed by the imposed virtual fixtures. This successful implementation and validation enabled the approved clinical use of the MPL system for a neural controlled self-feeding task.


The spontaneous, swift, and a truly people's revolution that convulsed Iran towards the end of the 1970s was deliberately and coherently lead by a situational coalescing of forces that included grass-root clerics, religious leaders, small political groups, non-clerical individual political activists and propagandists, that were provoked by a pervasively corrupt, plundering, brazenly Westernising puppet regime of the Shah – who was quite simply seen as 'America's Man in the Gulf and the Middle. East' — that had totally alienated the masses by its crass insensitivity and brutal oppression, in which neither the military nor the peasants featured significantly. The US did not perceive it as a genuine urge of the Iranian people, the rest of the West took time to accept it as a fact to be adjusted to, while the Soviet Union and much of the Asiatic world showed a better understanding of the revolution to develop cordial relations with the new regime believing it to be closer to the people. Notwithstanding the alarm and anxiety that it may have caused in neighbourhood and elsewhere initially, there does not now seem to be much possibility of universalisation of the Islamic revolution, not only because the revolutionary process in Iran itself has made way for serious national development through economic liberalisation but also because the rest of the Islamic world, riven still by the eternal Shia-Sunni schism, is determined to resist penetration of Iranian ideas in their respective domains.


Photochromic diarylethenes represent one of the most important classes of molecular switches, and their fatigue resistance is reported in several papers. Previous studies have demonstrated that the presence of perfluorocyclopentene and methyl in the 4-positions of dithienylethenes improve the switching resistance. However, general guidelines to correlate chemical structure to fatigue resistance have not been found yet. In this work, we provide a different thought in the description of the fatigue resistance of diarylethenes, which is related to the light absorbed by the two isomeric states during photoconversion. For two series of 1,2-diarylethenes, which differ from the aromatic rings without bearing any electroactive substituent, it turns out that the fatigue resistance depends on the dose of light absorbed by the colored form rather than on the specific molecular structure, namely, the presence of specific molecular building blocks.


Objective To establish the methods of chromatography for analyzing hemoglobin-based erythrocyte substitute. Methods The chromatographic purity, molecular weight distribution and phospholipid content of PEG-bHb were analyzed by HPLC system, photodiode Array detector, poly-angle laser scattering detector and Evaporative light scattering detector.Results PEG-bHb was unevenly modified at various sites,and the mean molecular number and weight of it were 1.211 ×105 and 1.347 × 105 respectively. The residual phospholipid in it was less than 1μg/ml. Conclusion Chromatography is suitable for the analysis of physicochemi-cal property of hemoglobin -based erythrocyte substitute.


A method and apparatus for metering a liquid nutritional supplement is disclosed and provides a liquid dispenser having a body that contains a predetermined number of single dosages of the liquid nutritional supplement, a cap, such as a child-resistant cap, coupled to a neck portion of the body, and a dosage cup coupled to the cap. The dosage cup has at least four axial shoulders on an inside surface thereof that each has an engaging surface adapted to engage axial ridges of the cap. The dosage cup is coupled to the cap such that a force that is greater, by a predetermined amount, than the weight of the dosage cup is required to remove the dosage cup from the cap, and providing the dosage cup with an indicator adapted to indicate one of the single dosages of the liquid nutritional supplement to be consumed by a user for a predetermined time period.


The surface of ultrahydrophobic glass has been successfully prepared using the combination of TiO2 and stearic acid. TiO2 was used to increase the surface roughness, while stearing acid was a surface modifier. The peroxo sol-gel method has been used to synthesize TiO2 precursors on the glass layer followed by modification of stearic acid. The maximal water contact angle of 141o has been obtained for the composition of 0.4 grams of stearic acid and 20 mL of ethanol (NKTS-2%). AFM analysis showed the roughness of NKTS-2% is 4,15 nm, which was greater than the pure glass. FTIR analysis also showed vibration of C=O (carbonyl) at 1697cm-1 indicating the chemical interaction between TiO2 and stearic acid. EDX spectrum analysis of TiO2/stearic acid (TiO2/C18H36O2) showed the existence of titanium, oxygen, and carbon. The optimum sample (NKTS-2%) showed a good transparency and self-cleaning properties compared to pure glass


The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the neighbourhood social environment and meeting recommendations for 24-hour movement behaviours in youth. Participants were a sample of children and adolescents from the 2019 National Survey of Children's Health (N=21,259; 48.2% female). Knowing where to go for help (OR=2.66, p=0.006) and a safe school environment (OR=1.99, p=0.020) correlated with high probability of meeting 24-hour movement behaviour recommendations in females. Novelty Bullet: • The neighbourhood social environment associates with meeting 24-hour movement recommendations in females.


This paper identifies and examines a number of features that has influenced the development of HRM in Iran, with particular reference to national factors and organizational strategies. We begin by detailing the Iranian context with reference to the relevant literature, then set out our aims and objectives and outline our methodology. In presenting our findings, we consider perceptions of HRM, the HR challenges organizations face and the implementation of HR practices. In doing so, we compare and contrast responses from managers employed in both public and private sector Iranian organizations, and those working in MNCs. This enables us to specify those factors which appear to influence the differential development of HRM in Iran.


The construction of evacuation routes from urban areas has become an urgent task in the modern world, as the number of emergencies is constantly increasing. Standard route planning algorithms do not meet the requirements of fast and efficient evacuation because they do not fully consider the environmental parameters and have a high computational complexity, and erroneous results can have critical consequences, including loss of life. The paper proposes a model of finding an optimal evacuation route in emergencies in urban areas based on a modified ant colony optimization algorithm: an ant (a person or a vehicle) is allowed to start moving from several possible vertices of the graph, as well as to end the route at several available vertices. It is connected with the fact that there are usually multiple evacuation start points and destinations. The transitions matrix is built using additional parameters, the uncertainty of which is taken into account using the methods of computing with words and the theory of type-2 fuzzy sets and systems. For modeling, in the paper such additional parameters as the quality of the road surface, the number of road lanes, the level of traffic jams, and the distance to the epicenter of the emergency were used. The proposed model was implemented and applied in one of the quarter of Kyiv.


A U.S. Air Force lieutenant colonel examines the tools and means required to fulfill the objectives of three options for U.S. policy toward Iraq. The conclusion? The U.S. lacks the means to confront Iraq more forcibly and simultaneously battle terrorism worldwide.


In order to study the hyperelastic properties of the artery, this paper established two kinds of isotropic hyperelastic models of artery. The stress-strain relations of the artery under biaxial loadings were simulated by using 3D finite element method. It is shown that in certain range of deformation, the stressstrain relations of isotropic artery can exactly be expressed by the present two models. It is also concluded that the orientations and properties of blended fibers in the artery walls contribute to the macro-properties of the artery.


Predictive analytics has become an essential area of research in health informatics. The availability of multi-source and multi-modal data in healthcare has made the disease prediction, diagnosis, and medication process more effective and reliable. However, the analysis and decision making have become challenging task, particularly when data is in multiple formats and from different sources. In this study, different frameworks have been proposed to handle multi-nature data at different levels for predictive analytics. Dimensionality reduction techniques have been applied to extract relevant features to enhance the analysis. To improve the performance of predictive analytics at different fusion levels, the potential benefits of multi-modal data have been discussed. Moreover, notable improvement in prediction accuracy has been observed through experimental evaluation of the proposed frameworks. Furthermore, the issues which have been found during dimension reduction and fusion approaches have also been highlighted.


In this article, we establish a norm equivalence satisfied by general monotone sequences. This is then used to show norm equivalences involving such sequences and trigonometric series with the elements of these sequences as coefficients. These equivalences generalize earlier results of Hardy and Littlewood, Askey and Wainger, Sagher, and Tikhonov.


In two recently published articles the authors have described certain cells which develop in incubated leukemic and normal blood.1'2 The appearance and activity of these cells under various abnormal conditions were discussed in a third paper.3 The cells which were seen in these experiments were so striking and characteristic in their appearance that we thought it a matter of interest to determine whether or not the same types of cells would develop in tissues kept under similar conditions. We felt that from a study of tissues it might be possible to determine what cells are the progenitors of the large cells of the blood. In the previous papers we have defined the various terms used. It is sufficient to say here that we follow essentially the nomenclature used by Sabin, Doan and Cunningham.4


The aim of the present work is, in general lines, an analysis of two different forms of acting what are told in the hegelian philosophy, as well as delimiting his reach. Such concepts are activity (Tatigkeit) and action (Handlung). The concept of activity is present along the whole philosophy of Hegel, having a spacious sense and, even, being constituted like an integrant part of the system. The concept of action appears already at a quite demarcated place of the Objective Spirit, therefore, the Morality, tied while acting of the subjects. Now, in both cases, the wrapped concepts have great importance in so far as, the first one, it reveals different facets of the movement of the system of Hegel and, the second, it treats of exposing the own acts of the rational subjects. Besides, there seems to be an essential relation between these concepts so that it fits, then, to expose, even under the form of his principal engenderments, the bases of this connection and the own nature of the conceptual development, such covers these notions.


The subject innovation is directed relates to the automatic pyojeokji replacement device, the pyojeokji by the operation signals from the remote user to the device to allow automatic replacement. Automatic pyojeokji exchange device of the subject innovation is of a cylindrical roll to a take-up pyojeokji 41, 21 and 22; Motors 51 and 52 are mechanically linked to the shaft and the roll (21, 22) in order to rotate the rolls 21 and 22; In order to protect against ballistic the rolls 21 and 22 and motor 51 and 52, at least the rolls (21, 22) and a motor (51, 52) and accommodated therein, the angle at which the bullet enters for it characterized in that it comprises a protective case (11) with an oblique slope (15). By the present design is to have a slanted slope (15) with respect to the angle provided with a protective case 11, to protect the individual components, on which the protective case (11) is bullet enters the automatic pyojeokji replacing device 10, and to minimize the impact of the bullets of rifle. Further, by using the elastic engaging means in chapter chamham the protection case 11, the target plate 40 is to minimize the impact of the bullet of the rifle. Pyojeokji replacement, shock, roll, motors, slope


Referring to heat and mass transfer of drying equipment,a new type of desulphuring equipment is contrived.The principle of cyclone style desulphur equipment is analyzed,and its desulpherization performances are tested.The results show that the aqueous content,grain size and calcium-sulphur ratio of desulphuring absorber are the main factors of affecting the equipment desulphuring.


The most important to guarantee the quality of massive concrete is to control the temperature stress. Connecting with the actual engineering example, this paper puts forward some reasonable measures for controllin1g the temperature stress of mass concrete.


Chaetognatha or arrow worms are one of the holoplankton groups whose distribution and diversity is quite high in waters. Chaetognatha has important role in the food chain and also functions as a bioindicator of oceanographic conditions. The abundance of Chaetognatha in the waters can affect the abundance of fish larvae and other zooplankton, so that information on its existence is very important in fisheries management. The aims of study to determine the diversity, distribution and abundance of Chaetognatha in the coastal waters of Dumai City, Riau Province. This research was conducted from April to September 2021 in the coastal waters of Dumai City. The number of sampling stations are three points and the number of samplings twice at each station. The number of Chaetognatha species in the coastal waters of Dumai City is relatively low, only 2 species were found, namely Eukronia calliops and Sagitta megalopthalmus. The distribution of Chaetognatha in the waters of Dumai City was quite even and found in three sites, although the abundances were relatively different. The abundance of Chaetognatha ranges from 19-322 ind/1000 m 3 , it is very low compare to other research.


We present a new spectral problem, a generalization of the D-Kaup-Newell spectral problem, associated with the Lie algebra sl(2,R). Zero curvature equations furnish the soliton hierarchy. The trace identity produces the Hamiltonian structure for the hierarchy. Lastly, a reduction of the spectral problem is shown to have a different soliton hierarchy with a bi-Hamiltonian structure. The first major motivation of this dissertation is to present spectral problems that generate two soliton hierarchies with infinitely many commuting conservation laws and high-order symmetries, i.e., they are Liouville integrable. We use the soliton hierarchies and a non-seimisimple matrix loop Lie algebra in order to construct integrable couplings. An enlarged spectral problem is presented starting from a generalization of the D-Kaup-Newell spectral problem. Then the enlarged zero curvature equations are solved from a series of Lax pairs producing the desired integrable couplings. A reduction is made of the original enlarged spectral problem generating a second integrable coupling system. Next, we discuss how to compute bilinear forms that are symmetric, ad-invariant, and non-degenerate on the given non-semisimple matrix Lie algebra to employ the variational identity. The variational identity is applied to the original integrable couplings of a generalized D-Kaup-Newell soliton hierarchy to furnish its Hamiltonian structures. Then we apply the variational identity to the reduced integrable couplings. The reduced coupling system has a bi-Hamiltonian structure. Both integrable coupling systems retain the properties of infinitely many commuting high-order symmetries and conserved densities of their original subsystems and, again, are Liouville integrable. In order to find solutions to a generalized D-Kaup-Newell integrable coupling system, a theory iii of Darboux transformations on integrable couplings is formulated. The theory pertains to a spectral problem where the spectral matrix is a polynomial in λ of any order. An application to a generalized D-Kaup-Newell integrable couplings system is worked out, along with an explicit formula for the associated Bäcklund transformation. Precise one-soliton-like solutions are given for the m-th order generalized D-Kaup-Newell integrable coupling system.


Patients with diabetes have a higher risk of severe infection and mortality due to COVID-19. Considering the current limited effective pharmacological treatments, vaccination remains one of the most effective means to control the pandemic. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 infection and the rate of COVID-19 vaccination coverage among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The patients were identified from a diabetes hospital registry at Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in July 2021. The history of COVID-19 infection and the vaccination status were retrieved from the National Health Electronic Surveillance Network (HESN) program and the Seha platform, respectively. A total of 11,573 patients were included in this study (representing 99.5% of all patients in the registry). A total of 1981 patients (17.1%) had a history of confirmed COVID-19 infection. The rate of vaccination with a 1st dose was 84.8% (n = 9811), while the rate of full vaccination with the 2nd dose was 55.5% (n = 6422). The analysis showed that a higher proportion of male patients were fully vaccinated than female patients (61.0% versus 51.2%, p < 0.001). There were statistically significant differences among the age groups, with the full vaccination rate ranging from 59.0% for the 61–70-year-old age group to 49.0% for the > 80-year-old age group (p < 0.001). The patients with no previous history of COVID-19 infection were more likely to get fully vaccinated than those with a previous history of the infection (63.9% versus 14.6%, respectively, p < 0.001). The factors associated with a higher likelihood of unvaccinated status included the female gender (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.705 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.528–1.902)), elderly patients in the age group of 61–70 (aOR (95% CI) = 1.390 (1.102–1.753)), the age group of 71–80 (aOR (95% CI) = 1.924 (1.499–2.470)) and the age group of >80 (aOR (95% CI) = 3.081 (2.252–4.214), and prior history of COVID-19 infection (aOR (95% CI) = 2.501 (2.223–2.813)). In conclusion, a considerable proportion of patients with type 2 diabetes had confirmed COVID-19 infection. Continued targeted efforts are needed to accelerate vaccination coverage rates among patients with diabetes in general and the particular subgroups identified in this study.


This paper describes a simple optimum carrier-based geometrical modulation for both NPC and T-Type inverters. The current that flows through the midpoint of the DC bus can be controlled in order to balance the capacitor voltages for a wide range of modulation indexes and power factors. This was accomplished by adding to the reference phase voltages a common-mode voltage vo,obtained by solving an optimization problem. In order to validate the good performance of the proposed modulation strategy, experimental results with Typhoon HIL are presented for NPC and T-Type inverters for different modulation indexes and power factors.


Contratti di Programma and Multinational Companies: Barilla Case-study - Objectives The study aimed at evaluating the socio-economic effectiveness of Contratto di Programma signed with Barilla according to the following perspectives: a) additionality; b) local impact; c) effects on the beneficiary (Barilla). Methods Four research activities have been undertaken: 1. the analysis of Contratto di Programma: its origin, objectives, contents and evolution; 2. the firm: its history, performances and post-Contract conduct; 3. the local context and its performances; 4. the sector and its performances. The study has relied on the following sources: the official documentation concerning the Contratto di Programma; the economic press; the economic and financial reports of the companies belonging to the Barilla Group; the official statistics; interviews undertaken with Barilla, the local Administrations and the socioeconomic parties, the University of Foggia, the Government. The results of the study have been influenced by different factors: a) the multiregional approach of the CdP; b) the varies typologies of investment included in the CdP; c) the frequent changes that hare affected the content of the CdP; d) the reorganisation processes that have affected Barilla in that period. Results The study has brought to light various positive aspects concerning the effectiveness of this Contratto di Programma: on the one side, the public incentive has partially influenced the choices of the entrepreneur regarding the localisation of the investment, from the other side important effects have been determined on the local context, in particular on the quality and quantity of the generated employment. Moreover, the analysis of the impact of the CdP on the company has determined positive effects, in particular on process and product innovation (the Foggia plant was considered the jewel of the Group), that have contributed to maintain the competitiveness of the enterprise high. Conclusions Along with the positive effects reported above, some critical considerations concerning the characteristics of the Contratto di Programma emerged. The mechanisms of this incentive tool appeared not completely clear, in particular as far as the selection of the projects (and of the beneficiaries) concerned, with an important role of the so-called political control over decisions (that means a nearly total absence of predefined rules governing the process).


The elementary events of excitation-contraction coupling in heart muscle are Ca2+ sparks, which arise from ryanodine receptors in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Here, an anomalous subdiffusion model is developed to explore Ca2+ spark formation in cardiac myocytes. Numerical simulations reproduce the brightness, the time course, and spatial size of a typical cardiac Ca2+ spark. It is suggested that the diffusion of Ca2+ spark in the cytoplasm may no longer obey Fickian second law, but the anomalous space subdiffusion. The physical reason is perhaps due to the effects of the electric field of the calcium ions and the viscoelasticity of the cytoplasm and its complex structures.


This study determined and analysed hemoglobin(HB)、blood urine(BUN)、serum creatine kinase(CK) and testosterone(T) to elite male triathletes during training period before the National Championships in 2009,and discussed the changing rule of their physical function pre-competition as well as the overfatigue amovement damage can be prevented.The result showed that some function indexex of triathletes vary along with the training intensity and the condition of them can be adjust well before competition.It suggests that training arrange achieves best result.


The equations of strong-collision hydrodynamics are used to develop, for a plasma located in a strong electromagnetic radiation field, a theory of plasma instability to buildup of low-frequency nonpotential waves and high-frequency longitudinal and transverse waves. A novel parametric process is observed-stimulated magnetic scattering (SMS), due to effective scattering of the pump wave by growing magnetic-field fluctuations. The SMS threshold and growth rate are investigated, as well as the spectral, angular, and polarization properties of the scattered radiation.


Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne), a member of the Rosaceae family, is infected by wide range fungal, bacterial and viral pathogens. Unlike fungal and bacterial pathogens that express typical symptoms on strawberry leaves and fruits, the presence of viruses in strawberry is quite distinct as they remain largely symptomless or the symptoms produced are often similar to those resulting from nutritional deficiencies. Such plants are symptomless carriers of viruses that spread with vegetatively propagated plant material or could be vectored by insects, mites, nematodes, fungi and seeds. Multiple virus infections are frequently encountered in strawberry and may cause a drastic reduction in yield and vigour. Thorough regular screening of strawberry germplasm revealed the presence of a new Ilarvirus, Tobacco streak virus (TSV) which was not reported earlier in strawberry from India. Keeping in view the importance of this new Ilarvirus in India, the present studies were conducted to establish the exact identity of the virus on the basis of DAS-ELISA tests conducted for the detection of the causal virus. On the basis of results obtained in DAS-ELISA, it can be concluded that majority of the virus isolates collected and subjected to ELISA confirmed the presence of TSV in strawberry. This is the first report of TSV infecting strawberry in India.


Background: Monkeypox was known to be an ignored disease, often reported from Africa, until recently when it attracted global attention due to multi-country surge in cases. This review is aimed at highlighting the implications of the changing epidemiology of the disease and identify related research gaps. Methods: We conducted a detailed review of 46 relevant peer-reviewed, grey literature and relevant websites on the evolving epidemiology of monkeypox. The last search was performed on 30th June 2022. Results: Cases of monkeypox has been on steady rise in some African countries since the first confirmed case in 1970, with most report from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Since 2003, import- and travel-related spread outside of Africa has occasionally resulted in outbreaks. Our review shows a recent Multi – country escalation of cases in non – endemic countries. Most of the existing literatures are on epidemiological report. There is dearth of interventional studies on biological behaviour of the virus, therapeutics and vaccination. The surge in cases after 40 years of caseation of smallpox vaccination, which provide cross- protection against monkeypox and growing median ages of cases from children to adults suggest wanning immunity. Risk factors include international travels and interactions/activities with infected animals or individuals. Conclusions: Persistence of cases of monkeypox without intervention for over four decades in endemic countries and lack of support from global scientific community is responsible for the evolving epidemiology of monkeypox and multi-country outbreak. Global synergy is urgently needed to prevent and control the spread of the infection.


Radiofrequency (RF) is a minimally invasive, target-selective technique that has demonstrated success in reducing pain in several chronic pain conditions. The lack of standard continuous RF ablation protocols for specific targets makes it difficult to compare the percentage of complications of RF between different studies addressing the same pain syndrome. The present article reviews the most frequent complications associated with the most widely used percutaneous continuous RF techniques in pain treatment, and the strategies used to minimize such complications.