Background: Although numerous studies have investigated fruit and vegetable consumption in association with cardiovascular disease, a limited number of studies have investigated the association with heart failure specifically. The aim of this study was to assess the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and the incidence of heart failure among middle-aged and elderly women. Methods: In September 1997, 33,669 women (aged 49-83 y) from the Swedish Mammography Cohort free of cancer, CVD and diabetes at baseline completed a food-frequency questionnaire. Women were followed for incident heart failure (hospitalization or mortality of heart failure as the primary cause) through December 2011 using administrative health registries. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). In multivariable models we adjusted for age at baseline, educational level, smoking status, body mass index, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, family hist...


One of the most difficult symptoms to control in old age is restless legs. A particularly good review suggests that this may be due to vascular impairment or a minor neuropathy (Eur J Endovasc Surg 1997; 14: 430-2). Characteristics are that that the problem only occurs at rest, is worse at night, forces movements of the lower limbs and causes discomfort deep within the legs. Patients may benefit from massage and movement, and a wide range of drugs has been used. None is particularly effective and all should be avoided if there is a high risk of toxicity. Drugs used in Parkinson's disease cause many side effects. Among the more unusual is that of bromocrip-tine in causing pleural fibrosis in patients previously exposed to asbestos (Eur Resp J 1997; 10: 2711-5). Eleven cases from Sweden and four from Australia were reviewed recently. When the drug was stopped, patients felt better, were less breathless and lost a previously persistent cough. The mechanism behind the side effect has not been defined yet. There is considerable interest in the effects of physical illness on the quality of life in old age. A report on changes of mood associated with angina pectoris or myocardial infarction in men and women over 65 (Family Practice 1997; 14: 436-45) found a 29% prevalence of depression of men with coronary heart disease (CHD) compared with 20% in controls. In women, depression was no more common in those with CHD than in controls. Is CHD is the cause or effect of depression? Are peanuts bad for you? One of the more common malignancies in old age is carcinoma of the rectum. A disturbing revelation is that the daily administration of lOOg of peanuts to volunteers produced a 41% increase in rectal mucosal proliferation in 36 volunteers who had been identified as having increased musosal TF antigen (Gastro-enterology 1998; 114-9). Gastronomically speaking, we shall soon have to chose between a short and merry life or a long and boring one. Do speech therapists help patients with stroke-induced aphasia? 564 speech therapists in Scotland competed a questionnaire on their involvement in aphasia associated with stroke (Health Bui 1998; 56: 518-25). 50% spent more than 6 h per week on this, but less than half thought their work was effective. They also had concerns about the effectiveness of their training in aphasia and reported under-referral of cases by doctors, an excessive workload …


Background Guidelines for repeat latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) testing while on biologics are not clearly defined. The CDC and U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommend routine serial LTBI screening in high-risk patients, such as those on immunosuppressive medications. Furthermore, recommendations for annual LTBI screening in patients on biologics have been incorporated into the Medicare Merit-Based Incentive Payment Systems and will impact physician reimbursement. However, little evidence supports that this practice is clinically valuable and/or cost-effective in patients on biologics. To evaluate the utility of serial LTBI screening in patients taking biologics and to identify risk factors in patients who convert from negative to positive QuantiFERON TB test (QFT) results while on biologics. Methods We retrospectively reviewed QFT results in patients treated with biologics for chronic immune-mediated inflammatory/autoimmune conditions (IMIDs) at a single, tertiary care center from 2007–2019. For each patient included in our study, detailed clinical information from their medical records was collected. Results We identified 5,212 patients who had IMIDs and >1 repeat QFT result after starting biologic therapy. The most common IMID diagnoses were inflammatory bowel disease (30%), rheumatoid arthritis (28%) and psoriatic disease (24%). The majority of patients had all negative QFTs (87.5%), whereas 172 patients (3.3%) had >1 positive QFT. Amongst patients with positive QFTs, 61/172 patients (35%) converted from a negative to a positive QFT after biologic therapy initiation. Of these 61 patients, only 28 patients were eventually treated for LTBI. Fourteen of the 28 patients treated for LTBI had documented risk factors for TB exposure, such as travel to endemic TB areas and/or exposure to individuals with TB. Only one case of active TB was diagnosed. Conclusions This represents the largest single-institution study evaluating rates of QFT test positivity conversion in patients taking biologics. Repeat LTBI testing in patients taking biologics revealed a low rate of conversion (1.17%). Our results suggest clinical utility and cost-effectiveness of repeat LTBI screening in patients on biologics may be more valuable if not performed routinely, but driven by a focused review of TB exposure risk factors in each patient.


The theoretical models of functional theory of accounting earnings,including information perspective,valuation perspective and contract perspective,allow different views and interpretations for accounting earnings,and thus lead to new assessment standards.In order to achieve proper appraisals for accounting earnings,it is essential to advocate the combination and compensation of the three theoretical perspectives with the guiding concept of economic profit.


Security of Internet of Things and Internet space in general is one of the main areas of research in the field of information technology today and steganography - one of the best methods of message encryption and transmission. Steganography algorithms are used to hide data in cover media, such as text, images, videos, etc., as cover media and change the structure and features of a text message so that it is not identified by human eyes and machines. However, the use of text media as accompanying text is relatively difficult compared to other methods of information coverage due to the lack of available redundant information in the text data. At the same time, text data is being transmitted the fastest and most frequently, so it is ideal for quickly transmitting short important messagesю In this research, an overview of existing approaches to textual steganography and our approaches to steganography methods are presented. New approaches to text steganography, which easily hide the text-coverage and also take less time to encrypt, are presented. A new method of steganography is shown and tested; a software implementation of this method is created. The advantages of using a new method of steganography are substantiated. It is confirmed that this algorithm is faster when working with large amounts of data, comparing to existing algorithms. At the same time, it allows to choose different parameters and settings, increasing its protective potential.


To understand the habits of Chinese women applying leave‐on skincare products (LOSCP) and to improve female facial evenness of anti‐ageing cosmetics through modifying facial skincare smear ways.


The crystal structures of the title compounds, [Co(C2H6N2O)6](SO4)(1) and[Co(C2H6N2O)6](S2O3) (2), have been determined at 295 K by X-ray diffraction using diffractometer data and refined by least squares to residuals of 0.042 (1), 0.043 (2) [875 and 926 reflections with I > (3σ(I)]. Crystals are trigonal, R 3c, a 1.4890(1) nm, α 43.34(1)° (1); a 1.4760(3) nm, α 44.53(1)° (2), Z 2. The compounds are isostructural; the complex cation has 3 symmetry, Co-O, 209.6(2) (1), 209.9(2) pm (2); the geometry of the ligand is well defined and precise, but the anions, located at sites of symmetry 32, are disordered. The cobalt environment is distorted from Oh symmetry, being compressed along the threefold axis.


Abstract: the article presents the author developed an original analytical method for determining the values of the fundamental physical constants (FPC). Given a finite formulas and the exact results of theoretical calculations 27 constants, including the fine-structure constant, the electron mass, Newton's gravitational constant, the Boltzmann constant and the molar gas constant. Presents a table comparing the results of calculations with the data CODATA 2010.


Abstract Contemporary German abounds in doubtful cases where linking elements alternate with zero elements, such as Seminar(+s?+)arbeit 'term paper', Respekt(+s?+)person 'person who commands respect". This variation indicates a profound language change in the course of which the linking +s+ has spread continuously since Early New High German and is replacing the zero element more and more often. Today, +s+ is the most productive, progressive and most frequently occurring linking element. In this paper, we provide an explanation for the doubtful cases. Most often, the linking +s+ depends directly on the phonological quality of the first part of the compound: the worse its phonological structure, the more likely the occurrence of the linking +s+. It occurs most regularly after first parts of compounds containing a suffix or an unstressed prefix (Verkáuf+s+gespräch 'sales conversation'), while words with an ideal phonological structure (monosyllabic or trochaic words) rarely attract the linking +s+. The variation concentrates on compounds whose first parts feature a stressed prefix (Éinkauf(+s?+)führer 'shopping guide'). There is, however, a further factor which leads to fluctuation in the occurrence of the linking +s+. In cases where the second part of synthetic compounds such as Auftrag(+s?+)geber 'client' contain a high degree of verbality, the linking +s+ blurs the syntactic relation between the immediate constituents, strengthening the morphological character of the compound.


The aim of this study is to contribute to improved EOD neutralisation techniques against improvised explosive devices (IEDs) containing chemical agents. The decomposition of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) when exposed to a burning aluminum/potassium nitrate pyrotechnic mixture is studied experimentally in a calorimetric bomb. The conversion of DMMP is established as function of DMMP/pyrotechnic mixture ratio, and the condensed and vapour phase reaction products have been identified. Thermodynamic calculations are performed to predict and compare the reaction products in case of DMMP and sarin decomposition by the Al/KNO3 mixture. Calculations point out those reaction products in the DMMP decomposition that are representative for sarin in a similar neutralisation scenario.


Reflective writing has become part of a vastspectrum of professional practices across academia,which includes the hard sciences—notably in thefields of medicine and nursing, as well as in thehumanities, including social work, higher education,teacher education, and educational leadership. In thisarticle, we seek to describe the results of aninvestigation in the preparation of school leaders
through reflective writing. Our engagement with self-reflective writing is explicitly designed to help future
educational leaders identify and promote the skillsthat help leaders identify inequity in schools. Thepreliminary administrative credential program in thisstudy is rooted in efforts to prepare equity-drivenschool leaders who integrate dispositions, concepts,and actions into their daily practice.


Properties of Et 4 NPF 6 and Et 3 MeNPF 6 salts and their EC-DMC electrolytes were measured and compared to study their dependence on the symmetricity of the salt cations. We found that while the melting points and solubilities of the salts and peak-conductivity concentrations of the electrolytes were substantially different, the conductivities, densities, and electrochemical stabilities of the electrolytes were similar. The limiting molar conductivities of the two salts showed minor but significant differences. We concluded that while the differences in property stemmed from the difference in lattice energies of the two salts due to the symmetricity difference of their cations, the similarities in the properties of their electrolytes resulted from the similarity of the liquid structures of the two electrolytes.


To improve the operating performance of the electronic control ignition system and meet the requirement of the experiment teaching, an electronic control ignition system based on Lab VIEW and micro-controller was developed in this study. The system was composed of the ignition control circuit, signal processing circuits of various sensors and system software, which combined the functions of data acquisition, analysis and control. According to the working principle of the ignition system and working parameters, the cylinder block temperature signal, throttle position signal and power supply voltage signal were used as the correction references for the ignition advance angle. So the processing circuits of the sensors were designed based on the selection of the sensors and analysis their working principle or characteristic. The software of the host computer was visual and easy to control the slave computer, which realized the control for the ignition timing and dwell time. The experiment results indicated that the system developed in this study was reliable and that the data communication between the host computer and the slave computer reached the expected requirement. The research results provided a foundation for the further study and performance optimization.


It was studied the post partum weight of Santa Ines ewes and the return to estrum after the wean, occurring 60 days post partum, in females submited to two suckling systems: continued and controlled, at the Instituto de Zootecnia in Nova Odessa, SP. It was evaluated the return to the first and second estrum, the weight of the ewes at parturition and at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days post partum, and the ewe´s corporal condition and the weight of the lambs at the same date. The weigth of the ewes was not influenciated (P> 0,05) by the treatment. It was not verified differences in the parturition interval to first estrum and the parturition to second estrum, related to the treatments (P>0,05). Lambs at 30, 45, 60 days did not present statistic differences.


We derive the effect of the Schr\"odinger--Newton equation, which can be considered as a non-relativistic limit of classical gravity, for a composite quantum system in the regime of high energies. Such meson-antimeson systems exhibit very unique properties, e.g. distinct masses due to strong and electroweak interactions. We find conceptually different physical scenarios due to lacking of a clear physical guiding principle which mass is the relevant one and due to the fact that it is not clear how the flavor wave-function relates to the spatial wave-function. There seems to be no principal contradiction. However, a nonlinear extension of the Schr\"odinger equation in this manner strongly depends on the relation between the flavor wave-function and spatial wave-function and its particular shape. In opposition to the Continuous Spontaneous Localization collapse models we find a change in the oscillating behavior and not in the damping of the flavor oscillation.


Although biomimetic approaches have proven capable of converting resveratrol (1) concurrently into many of the more complex oligomers produced by plants throughout the world (such as 2-10), methods to access single members of the family have proven far more difficult to identify. Herein is described a strategy-level solution based on the use of a common building block, one distinct from Nature's starting material, that can participate in a variety of highly selective, reagent-controlled reaction cascades. These endeavors have led to the controlled synthesis of 25 natural products and analogues, molecules whose architectures encompass nearly all the carbogenic diversity of the resveratrol family.


Abstract Day and night mapping of the global distributions of the horizontal cloud covers and the corresponding cloud-top pressure levels are derived from the same set of infrared radiance data used to retrieve clear-column temperature profiles. General formulation of the problem is presented with illustrations for the simple case of a single layer of non-reflecting clouds. Experimental verification is obtained using 15 μm data measured by the NOAA-VTPR infrared sounder. After correcting for water vapor emission, the results show that the effective cloud cover derived from 15 μm data is less than that obtained from visible data.


We present a genome assembly from an individual Panzeria rudis (tachinid fly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Tachinidae). The genome sequence is 852.2 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 6 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.41 kilobases in length.


We describe the application of unsupervised clustering methodologies to the problem of discriminating among ambiguous names found in short passages of text that appear on Web pages. We show how to tailor these methods to handle the very noisy data that we typically find on the Web. We experiment with several variations in feature selection, two methods that automatically determine the number of clusters in the data, two different representations of the contexts to be discriminated, and with dimensionality reduction. Our evaluation is carried out using Web contexts for five different ambiguous names that were manually disambiguated to use as a gold standard.


Heat-sensitive packer often moves,breaks,fails,or even leads to string deformation during steam injection process because of the changing of force summing in different wells and different phases.This paper analyzes force summing on heat-sensitive packer before,during and after steam injection and gives the optimum design of force summing,thus ensuring the sealing function of the packer and steam injection effect,and avoiding downhole accident.


Links to a growing set of essays and assignments that fulfill requirements for SIRLS (School of Information Resources and Library Science) classes at the University of Arizona.


Deep venous thrombosis associated with acquired angioedema type II in a patient heterozygous for the mutation of factor V Leiden: Effective treatment and follow-up for four years -


Abstract This work attempts to identify the latent factors controlling the hydrogeochemistry and assess the groundwater quality and associated health risks in the intermontane valley of Nalagarh in the sub-Himalayan zone in northern India. Analytical results of 64 groundwater samples, 32 each collected during pre monsoon and post monsoon seasons show contrasting results for their major chemical constituents. During pre monsoon period, only 3% of the samples exceed their permissible limits for pH, EC, TH and Mg2+, while during post monsoon period, different parameters, such as TH, Mg2+ and K+, exceed their limits by 9, 16, and 3%, respectively. Gibbs and Piper diagrams reveal that groundwater chemistry is mainly controlled by water-sediment (alluvial) interaction. Geochemical signatures and saturation index (SI) further indicate that the weathering and dissolution of silicate, calcite and dolomite minerals mainly contributed to dominance of Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3 - ions in the aquifers. Monte Carlo simulation ascertains non-carcinogenic health risks due to NO3 − and F− in different sub-population groups. Deterministic and probabilistic estimates of these parameters via ingestion and dermal routes confirm their percentage hazard toxicity in the order infants (58.38; 39.62%) >children (15.62; 15.85%) >teens (6.25; 2.73%) >adults (6.25; 1.90%) for pre monsoon. The hazard toxicity for deterministic study implies only on infants (9.38%), whereas, the probabilistic simulation extracted the health risk on infants (6.57%), and children (0.58%) during post monsoon. Minor populations with their lower body weights are more vulnerable to groundwater pollution due to greater consumption of liquid diet. Therefore, treated groundwater is strongly recommended to mitigate health morbidities linked with the non-cancerous risks.


The invention relates to an agricultural machine, in particular to an automatic rotary garlic scape harvesting machine. The technical scheme is that the automatic rotary garlic scape harvesting machine mainly comprises a front poking roller [1], a garlic scape pinching-off and clamping device [2], a rotary-comb-type drawing device [3], a separation device [4], a conveying belt [5], a collection box [6] and walking wheels [7]; and the front poking roller [1] rotates to smoothen and lift up garlic scapes which are distributed in disorder and conveys the garlic scapes to the front of the rotary-comb-type extraction device [3], the garlic scape pinching-off and clamping device [2] at the lower end pinches off the garlic scapes, the rotary-comb-type drawing device [3] clamps and draws out the garlic scapes at the front when the harvesting machine moves forwards, the garlic scapes are conveyed to the garlic scape separation device [4] with the rotation of the roller and are separated by the garlic scape separation device [4], and the separated garlic scapes are conveyed to the collection box [6] through the conveying belt [5] to realize harvesting. By using the automatic rotary garlic scape harvesting machine, the mechanical harvesting of the garlic scapes is realized.


This paper presents the selection of pneumatic control valves used in a control loop.The choice is done from 4 aspects relating to the type of a valve,flow characterics,size and accessories.


For analyzing on the situation of the electronic medical records, and finding out the reason pertinencely, it is expounded in this article that main method and experience on quality management in hospital the author are in, and good method on management has been taken. it promotes quality on hospital working effectively.


This paper presents an effective method for facial expression recognition.It analyzes seven basic expressions: angry,disgust,fear,happiness,neutral,sadness and surprise.The local binary pattern(LBP) operator is used to extract face appearance features.A two-stage classification method is proposed.At the first(coarse classification) stage,two expression candidates from initial seven are selected.At the second(fine classification) stage,one of the two candidate classes is verified as final expression class by the Chi square statistic.Our algorithm is tested on the Jaffe database and the recognition rate for a new person's expression is 77.9%,which is higher than all the other reported methods.


Sea level data from four tide gauge stations in the SS (Tanjong Pagar, Sultan Shoal, Sembawang and Raffles Lighthouse) for the period 1970 – 2012 were extracted to study the ENSO-induced interannual sea level variability. Sea level during this period is dominated by inter-annual fluctuations. Monthly sea level anomalies were filtered using a Butterworth low pass filter to obtain inter-annual signals. It is found that at interannual scale, sea level and ENSO index vary coherently in the SS: drops are associated with El Nino phase and rises are related to La Nina episodes. Wind stress variations and reduced SCS volume transport play significant roles in ENSO-induced sea level variability.


Similarity distance measurement is an important method in data classification, data recognition and other tasks, and has a very wide range of applications in machine learning, computer vision and other fields. However, there are model overfitting problems in complex data classification identification tasks in existing metric learning model. And those problems will negatively infect the accuracy and stability of the metric models. We study on person re-identification (person re-ID) task to design a robust similarity distance metric learning model based on a novel approach of overcoming over-fitting problem. The proposed method sets up a reference set based on training sample. Using the reference set and test images to form similar sample pairs, we can optimize the distribution information and projection feature. Finally, by testing on benchmark dataset, VIPeR, the experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. It achieves the best identification rates.


Privileged communications generally include those that are legally protected from being disclosed to anyone, both in and out of a courtroom. Privilege extends to the courtroom by providing the recipient of the privileged information the right not to testify based on a claim of legal privilege. Privilege "overrides a witness' duty to disclose matters within the witness' knowledge, whether at trial or by deposition."2


【Objective】To evaluate the reflux during the surgery of ureteroscopic lithodialysis.【Methods】75 pa-tiens(average age 53 years),41 males and 34 females,were underwent ureteroscopic lithodialysis in our department.Blood routine,serum creatine concentration and electrolytes were measured before and after surgery.All patients were examed with B type ultrasound after surgery by one senior doctor.【Results】The RBC,Hb,Hct and potassium concentration were significantly decreased,while the serum creatine,sodium and chlorine concentration were in-creased after the surgery(P 0.01).Of all the patients,9 patients were found perirenal effusion after surgery,who consumed more surgery time and irrigation fluid(P 0.01).3 of them had a fever with the temperature above 39℃.【Conclusions】 Ultrasonography could diagnose perirenal effusion accurately after treatment of urotithiasis because of intrarenal reflux during the surgery.The appearance of reflux is associated with the irrigation pressure,the posi-tion of calculi,surgery time and the amount of irrigation fluid.


This book presents the core concepts of general surgery instruction at Mayo Clinic. It was created to provide succinct and accurate information in a written, imaging, and audiovisual format that allows efficient access to surgical learners—especially those with just a few minutes to spare. Its purpose is to better prepare students, residents, and fellows for their surgical experiences , leading to better understanding with long-term retention. Contents include surgery by organ system and a chapter devoted to trauma cases. Each chapter contains information on the organ system (including embryology), anatomy, physiology, clinical presentation, imaging techniques, common operations, and potential complications.


Primers for six polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed for the endangered northern riffleshell Epioblasma torulosa rangiana from the Sydenham River, Ontario, Canada. These loci along with an additional nine microsatellite loci, developed from other unionoid species, available in the literature, were tested and characterized on individuals from two populations in the Allegheny River; one population in French Creek, PA, USA, and one population from the Sydenham River. Allelic diversity ranged from two to 28 alleles per locus and averaged 13.7 per locus. These primers are being used in a rangewide study on the conservation genetics of remaining extant populations of the northern riffleshell.


Intensive fluctuation occurred in steam drum water level of converter waste heat boiler during blowing period due to limit of steelmaking conditions of converter,result-ing in great effects on safety running of the boiler and recovery and utilization of steam.Variation status of the steam drum water level of the boiler during blowing period was ana-lyzed.Water supply control modes of the steam drum were discussed.


It is with a great pleasure that I preface this special issue of the Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering, which comprises invited papers submitted to the 1st Forum Wood Building Baltic 2019, organized between 27 February – 1 March 2019 in Tallinn, Estonia. The Forum Wood Building Baltic 2019 conference was a fantastic opportunity for scientists and practitioners to meet and exchange experiences and to learn from the best within the field. The conference was organized by Tallinn University of Technology in collaboration with Estonian Association of Civil Engineers, Estonian Woodhouse Association, Estonian Forest and Wood Industries Association, and Forum Holzbau. Forum Wood Building Baltic is the main conference for technical topics of wooden buildings: building physics, fire safety, and wooden nearly zero energy buildings etc. in the countries around Baltic Sea. Participants were from following countries: Austria, Canada, Switzerland, Germany, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Greece, Lithuania, Latvia, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom. Scope of the conference was


Cerebral Circulation and Stroke, by K. J. Zulch, 222 pp, 71 illus, $17.10, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1971. These two well-produced volumes contain a wealth of current information in the field of cerebrovascular disease. They show the methods by which medicine investigates and analyzes the causes of this important condition, and makes us realize how vigorous and myriad are the approaches currently used. Zulch's book contains an important but brief chapter on internal carotid artery stenosis and an interesting section in which the factors of hypertension, hypotension, and thrombosis and microembolism are considered and compared as probable causes of cerebral infarction. The latter chapters are written by some of the main proponents of these mechanisms. A brief but masterful chapter by Wiley reviews the possibility of surgical therapy and, as Zulch notes, Wiley's clear and personal summary does not differ profoundly from the results of the American cooperative studies. The latter


This paper made a finite element analysis for the elastic body of a new 4-axis wrist force sensor by means ANSYS. By a series of procedure,including FEA model building, load applying,equation solving and post processing,we can analyze its characteristic of static and dynamic. Then the distribution of stress and strain,the inherent frequency of elastic body are obtained.


Line Balancing is the problem to assign tasks to stations while satisfying some managerial viewpoints. Most researches about the Mixed-Model Line Balancing problems are focused on the minimizing the total processing time or the number of workstations. Independently, some research reports consider the balance issues of the physical workloads on the assembly line. In this paper, we are presenting a new mathematical model to accomplish the line balance considering both the processing time and the workloads at the same time. To this, end, we propose an zero-one integer program problem, and we use the Chebyshev Goal Programming approach as the solution method. Some computational test runs are performed to compare the pay-offs between the processing time and the workloads. And, the test results show us that the reliable balanced work schedules can be obtained through the proposed model.


Marine mammals (i.e., dolphins, dugongs, manatees, polar bears, porpoises, sea lions, seals, sea otters, walruses, and whales) play a vital role in the food web of marine ecosystems and are considered "key indicators of the overall health of the ocean" [National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), 2020]. The awareness of threats to these animals due to human activities has led to the ratification of numerous regional and global legal regimes aimed at the conservation, management, and study of marine mammals. Some key instruments include the following:


The paper deals with the significance of introducing TQM and the general condition of it. It also states its common methods and inquires into the TQM practice in the four university libraries both in China and the United States.


ABSTRACT Data breaches resulting from information security failures continue to be a matter of pressing concern. Given the increasing number of compromised data security incidents globally, data breach notification has emerged as an issue of increasing urgency. In response, breach notification laws have been enacted to ensure individuals are appropriately informed when their personal identifiable information (PII) has been compromised, so as to enable affected individuals to mitigate any harm so arising. Mandatory data breach notification laws are an important development in this regard. Such laws mandate that an organization that has suffered a data breach involving personal identifiable information shall notify affected individuals and in some cases, regulators. This article argues that for Hong Kong to maintain its rightful place across international norms, as a modern, legally and commercially trustworthy and reliable jurisdiction, and at the same time continues to assure its citizens that the confidentiality of their PII is secure, a mandatory approach to data breach notification needs to be implemented.


Japanese officials and scholars were first exposed to and started to master principles of Western international law in the years that followed Commodore Perry's visit to Japan with his "black ships" in 1853. Some Japanese scholars found similarities between the natural law roots of international law principles and "their own neo-Confucian metaphysical concept of the 'principles of the universe' which were applicable to the human relations in society". The interaction between Western and Asian approaches toward international relations and international law caused both to rethink some of their assumptions and led to renewed efforts to develop international law. Japan has made broad claims to extended maritime zones under the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention, which seem to many to go beyond the language in the Convention, and it has significant maritime delimitation disputes with its neighbours. Keywords: 1982 Law of the Sea Convention; Commodore Perry; Japan; Japanese scholars; Western international law


An automatic return hydraulic type pipe bending machine comprising a base, said motor provided with a motor pulley connected to the motor base, said motor pulley by a belt pulley connected to the hydraulic pump, said hydraulic pump connected to the pulley, the said hydraulic pump connected by pressure tubing means, said hydraulic means connecting elbow, said elbow connector base, said return means is provided on the bending device, the retainer is provided on the base, the a positioning wheel and a wheel b positioned on the base, said fixing means comprising a retainer, said fixing means connecting screw, said adjusting screw connection plate, said upper elbow provided with a fixing bolt, said back bit means is a tension spring. Advantageous effects of the invention are: simple structure, easy operation, adjustable angle, less investment, high efficiency.


The muscular dystrophies (MD) are a group of genetic diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement. DMD is one among the most common muscular disorders. The incidence is 1:3500 live male birth. It is X-linked recessive disease caused by a deficiency of a normal muscle protein called dystrophin, which maintains the integrity of the muscle cell wall. Degeneration of the skeletal muscles, which control movement leading to lose the ability to stand, walk and loss of ambulation before 10 years, with progression of the disease most patients succumb to death in their early 20s.Disease is having bad prognosis if the treatment start in early stages of the disease, it may slow or stop the progressive degeneration of muscles. As there is no specific treatment in any system of medicine for DMD, in modern therapeutic approach of muscular dystrophy is represents on corticosteroids, physical therapy, respiration assistance and gene therapy. All major neuromuscular disorders are identified with  Vata Dosha.  In Ayurveda this pathogenesis can be clearly understood by the concept of  Adi bala pravritta vyadhi.   Here the pathogenesis occurs due to the  Beejabhagavayava Dushti  which leads to  Mamsa Vata Dushti. The Ayurvedic treatments relevant to Rasayana group of herbo-mineral medicines and specified Panchakarma therapies have definite protective influence and long survival on Dhatu Kshaya. Keep upon this view in present study the therapies and medicines is useful for DMD is taken with their logical understanding.Â


Gender discrimination is currently highly affecting the economic performance of Indian-owned private firms within the Kenyan context. This form of discrimination is particularly featuring expectant ladies who are already working or are currently trying to gain access into the work environment within private organizations. This kind of discrimination has not only affected the expectant ladies, but it has also hindered economic development within the firms that allow this practice to continue. This is evident by the ladies' careers being halted because they are expectant and hence considered unable to deliver towards the organizations' objectives. On the other hand, the organization ends up losing valuable employees who would have played a major role in the growth of such firms. Moreover, when some of the ladies discriminated against are bold enough to go to court, the firm losses a lot of money and their identity in the business world is also tarnished, as they have to compensate the lady who is the victim. Discrimination of ladies on the basis of being expectant has been quietly endured by the victims involved, silently suffering; with very few trying to ensure their rights are protected, as per the Kenyan constitution, under the Employment Act, 2007. A gender perspective does not look at the situation of women alone but at the conditions of, and relationship between, men and women as well as how these relationships are structured along gender lines (Brettel and Sargent 1993). Gender analysis is a technique used by researchers, policy makers and development planners and practitioners to provide information on men's and women's activity profiles and resource allocations in different sectors of the economy and at different levels. By focusing on gender differences in role and resource allocations, gender analysis attempts to highlight the key differences between men and women in terms of opportunities, incentives and constraints. The central focus of the analysis is on gender differences in access to and control over resources and the differential impact on the lives of men and women (Suda, 2002). The data obtained from gender analysis will help in the formulation of appropriate gender responsive policies, programs and projects which will address the specific needs of poor men and women with a view to eradicating poverty (Suda, 2002). Data will be collected using questionnaires, interviews and through research done earlier on Gender discrimination. Research will also involve statistical data that has been analyzed on gender discrimination and review of how the practice is affecting our society over the years. Keywords:Constitution, Employment Act, discrimination, expectant ladies.


Crop water requirements of short duration rice crop in of Khurda district of Bhubaneswar computed with CROPWAT 8.0 using the meteorological parameters. This paper estimated the crop reference and actual evapotranspiration (ETO and Etc) respectively and the irrigation water requirement of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The six crop growth stages (nursery, land preparation, initial, development, mid-season, late season) and three decades (I, II, III) were considered for this crop. Crops was planted during 2016 kharif season. The study shows that crop water requirement for entire crop growth period for Kandagiri variety at Deras farm is 419.2 mm. The crop water requirement was partially met from effective rainfall (304.3 mm) and the remaining amount of water was given to crop through ground water source. The gross irrigation demand was 787.9 mm and total net irrigation was 551.6mm during crop growth period. During initial stage of crop, irrigation requirement comes around 278.8 mm for nursery and land preparation. The effective rainfall from nursery operation (July 1 decade) to initial stage (August 3 decade) was only 124.7 mm. The difference between irrigation water requirement amount and effective rainfall was about 154.7 mm which was supplied through ground water.


─ A procedure of modeling new systems consisting of thin toroidal electrodes placed at the surface of a sphere, for high homogeneity electric field generation, is presented in this paper. In order to investigate the influence of an external body shape and volume to the obtained field's homogeneity, the external object is modeled as a sphere, prolate and oblate ellipsoidal electrode and placed in the centre of the system. Numerical results, obtained using the software Mathematica 7.0 and Femm, are compared and shown graphically. Index Terms ─ Charge simulation method, ellipsoidal conducting body, homogeneous electric field, method of images, toroidal electrodes.


Objective To study the correlation between expression of heparitinase and prognosis in patients with laryngeal carcinoma. Methods Forty five paraffin-embedded specimens of the carcinoma and adjacent tissues were included.Expression of heparitinase was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results The rate of expression of heparitinase in cancer was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues(χ2=16.2,P0.05).Its expression did not significantly correlate with the histological grade(χ2=2.13,P0.05),but correlated with the clinical stage,lymphatic metastasis and survival time(χ2=4.86-5.18,P0.05).Conclusion Heparitinase might play an important role in the development and metastasis of laryngeal carcinoma,which may be regarded as a valuable marker to evaluate its biological behavior and prognosis.


In patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), glucose intolerance preceding diabetes (prediabetes) may have adverse effects on nutritional status and respiratory function, which are reversible after the start of insulin therapy. Respiratory function (forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second) and body mass index (BMI) were compared retrospectively in a French cohort of 14 patients during the 5y preceding insulin therapy for diabetes and in 14 age‐ and sex‐matched controls with normal oral glucose tolerance tests. In the diabetic group, all three parameters deviated increasingly from the values in the controls; the differences became statistically different during the 6 mo before insulin therapy. The effect was more important in patients for whom diabetes mellitus was diagnosed on the basis of symptoms of hyperglycaemia than in patients for whom it was diagnosed by systematic screening, but still present in the latter. After insulin was started, respiratory function improved and the BMI returned to normal within 1 y. The annual insulin requirement increased from 0.62 during the first year to 1.25 during the fifth year. Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbAIc) values ranged from 6.6 to 7.8%. Only 2 episodes of severe hypoglycaemia were recorded over 42 patient‐years of follow‐up. The insulin regimen most often used was two daily injections of a mixture of short‐ and intermediate‐acting insulin (n= 10) given with an insulin pen.


The solar system is an astronomy subject which is taught in Elementary Schools, particularly in Grade 6. This subject requires the teachers to teach creatively because the lecturing method in teaching is too common. Besides, in learning this topic, the media is highly needed to help students understand and comprehend the materials given. The media used in the current learning process is considered not sufficient because of the limited teaching aids and learning media. Therefore, based on the technology development, there are many multimedia technologies. One of them is VR which provides real-time interaction to what is displayed in the application. Hence, a design of learning media for the solar system lesson using animation and virtual reality was developed. This study aims to help students who are studying this lesson to have a better understanding of the lesson since they can interact directly with what they are learning.


A new proton-conducting ceramic for use in galvanic gas sensors between room temperature and 300{degree}C has been developed. Special emphasis was placed on the optimization of sintering methods and sintering aids to obtain a dense, pressureless-sintered precursor ceramic. Starting with the preparation of RbTaWO{sub 6} and RbNbWO{sub 6} powders, part I presents a detailed description of the ceramic processing procedure.


Arthur Hirsh, The French Left. A History and Overview , Montreal : Blackrose Books, 1982. Michael Kelly, Modern French Marxism, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1982. D. S. Bell and Eric Shaw, The Left in France: Towards the Socialist Republic , Nottingham, Spokesman, 1983


The celebrated philosopher-physicist Pierre Duhem appears to maintain virtually contradictory views. On the one hand, he claims that science does not aim to explain natural phenomena, where he assumes that an "explanation" strives to reveal the natural world underpinnings hiding "behind the veil" of observable phenomena. Despite these strong disavowals, he also insists that successful scientific theories should converge on "natural classifications" which allegedly provide "hints concerning the true affinities of things." But won't such relationships also lie "behind the veil"? These warring inclinations have created significant exegetical confusion, leading his interpreters to classify him as an antirealist, a realist and everything else in between. Duhem is clearly trying to get across some important methodological lesson about science. But what is it?
 The trick is to align his philosophy more closely with the forms of physics he endorses. On this basis, I argue that Duhem's disavowals of "explanation'' actually represent arguments against a dynamic laws picture of science: the doctrine that science must seek laws that track material systems according to the basic patterns of D-N explanation. He argues that many of nature's most important hidden quantities (e.g., entropy and potential energy) were not discovered in a dynamical manner but were instead uncovered by stringing together relationships in the "quasi-static" manner employed in thermodynamics. Indeed, it is the deep relationships of the latter subject of the latter subject that supply paradigms of the "natural classifications" that Duhem seeks.
 Once one follows through the details of his recommendations, employing concrete scientific examples, one realizes that Duhem's reflections on the scientific method greatly enlarge our appreciation of what the many varieties of "good science" can look like. This challenges many dogmatic presumptions about the scientific methodology that still prevail in contemporary philosophy of science.


Abstract The flow and heat transfer due to an incompressible fluid past a single low-lying roughness mounted on a long smooth surface is consider. The far-field motion is one of uniform shear. The influence of buoyancy (Gr) and flow rate (Re) on separation both upstream and downstream of the obstacle is examined. The local heat transfer from the obstacle and the flat surface are obtained for several values of the flow parameters. The downstream separation length expands with increased buoyancy where as the upstream separation point shifts closer to the obstacle; the temperature distribution is influenced in the vicinity and downstream of the obstacle due to mixed convection; and heat transfer from the solid surface increases with an increase of Reynolds number or Grashof number.


Some time-dependent flows of a normal gas are investigated. A wave of compression is focused at the axis or the center of symmetry when it is created due to a smooth motion of an impenetrable piston in a gas at rest. The shock wave reflected from the axis or the center of symmetry has the finite variable velocity. A solution of this problem represents an extension of the Sedov's self-similar solutions in the case of two independent variables.


This chapter considers recent forms of uprising in the Global South that deal with the legacy of neoliberalism, debt, and economic imperialism that emanate from US economic imperialism and the Washington Consensus. It specifically addresses Chile as a laboratory for neoliberalism and the social and political movements that directly addressed histories of wealth accumulation through extractive and racial capitalism. It also addresses how state violence and an expanding prison and military infrastructure is used to criminalize protest and describe creative strategies of resistance and refusal.


The effects of exogenous water and salts on lipid oxidation in ground beef were determined. Deionized water, salts, or both, were added to treatment samples. Salts used were sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium sulphate, all at 3% concentration. The Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test was used to assess lipid oxidation. Addition of water at a 10% or 20% level had no effect on rancidity. Sodium chloride and potassium chloride reduced TBA numbers. Adding water to those samples containing potassium chloride and sodium sulphate raised moisture content.


This article examines the relationship between opera on television and opera on the stage in America in the 1950s and 1960s. Using the NBC Opera (1949–64) as a case study, I trace both what television borrowed from the operatic stage and what television sought to bring to the stage in a relationship envisioned by producers as symbiotic. Focusing on the NBC9s short-lived touring arm, which produced live performances of Madam Butterfly, The Marriage of Figaro, and La traviata for communities across America in 1956–57, I draw upon archival evidence to show how these small-scale stage productions were recalibrated to suit a television-watching public. Instead of relying on the stylized presentation and grand gestures typical of major opera houses, the NBC touring performances blended intimate television aesthetics with Broadway typecasting and naturalistic direction. Looking beyond the NBC Opera, I also offer a new model for understanding multimedial transfer in opera, one in which the production style of early television opera did not simply respond to the exigencies of the screen, but rather sought to transform the stage into a more intimate—and supposedly more accessible—medium in the mid-twentieth century.


According to a field geological study of the Zanda basin and its surrounding areas, Tibet, widespread fluvial-lacustrine deposits in the epiglacial area of the earliest Pleistocene Qangze Formation have been found and mapped. Studies of the petrology, textures and structures, depositional environment, contained fossils and age of the fluvial-lacustrine deposits indicate that they are the earliest record of the epiglacial area of the Quaternary glacial period, representing the lower boundary of the Quaternary glacial period. This discovery provides important data and evidence for establishing the climatic stratigraphic sequence and division and correlation of the Quaternary glacial period on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.


For some time I was bothered by the fact that measurements of offsets in the various bug calibration setups never agreed with the simple formulae (2) used for determining electron beam position in the Livermore induction linacs and transport systems. About 1983 I realized that the discrepancy arises from the way the bug calibrator simulates an electron beam in a conducting pipe. At that time I solved the problem using the method presented here. Unfortunately, I did not write it up at that time. After considerable effort, I was able to repeat the calculation. Since I have little confidence that after a few years I could ever do it again, I felt obliged to write it up in some detail. Our beam bug calibrator consists of two conducting cylinders, nominally concentric, that simulate the electron beam within a drift tube. The radii of the larger cylinder is 2.3 times that of the smaller giving an electrical impedance of 50 Ohms to the coaxial combination. To simulate a beam off-axis within a drift tube, the inner tube is moved relative to the outer tube. This only approximately simulates the motion of a beam because the surface current on the inner tubemore » redistributes in response to the translation. Fortunately, the fields of the translated inner cylinder can be found exactly using complex variable theory (1).« less


Summary For optimal imaging results, velocity model updates must be based on image gathers derived from the same migration engine that is used in the final imaging. We demonstrate that Kirchhoff or hybrid velocity analysis schemes do not provide optimum velocity models for wavefield continuation depth algorithms, and that integrated wavefield continuation velocity modeling and imaging solutions produce the most accurate image where multipathing due to irregular interfaces with high velocity contrast are present. We show that the accurate and high resolution construction of the top salt is fundamental to subsalt imaging. To obtain high -resolution detail in the salt model we need to run wavefield continuation migration velocity analysis on a fine grid spacing. We show that wavefield continuation migration provides a sharper top salt image and reveals details unseen in the Kirchhoff image. This allows us to pick the salt body more accurately and to improve the image of the subsalt target with the corrected velocity model.


he nonFickian flow of fluid in porous media is complicated by the history effect which characterizes various mixing length growth of the flow, and can be modeled by an integro-differential equation. This paper studies a backward Euler scheme for the mixed finite element approximate solution of such problems with non-smooth initial data. A new regularity result is derived for the model problem, which can be used to design high order numerical schemes in time . AMS (MOS) subject classification: 90A09, 65K10, 65M12, 65M60


Objective To observe the therapeutic effects and assess the feasibility of radiofrequency thermocoagulation denervation guided by digital subtraction angiography(DSA)for patients with syndrome of posterior ramus of lumbar nerve. Methods Eighty patients with syndrome of posterior ramus of lumbar nerve were randomly divided into two groups: denervated group (groupⅠ) and control group (groupⅡ). In groupⅠthe lateral branches of posterior ramus of lumbar nerve of the patients were treated with radiofrequency thermocoagulation denervation, while those in groupⅡwere injected with the mixture of betamethasone 1 mg and 2% lidocaine 1 ml. All patients were assessed using VAS before treatment and 30 min,1 d, 1 w,1 month and 6 months after treatment. The therapeutic effects and side effects were assessed at 6 months after treatment. Results VAS in groupsⅠandⅡat 30 min, 1 d, 1 w, 1 month after treatment were significantly lower than that before treatment. In addition, those in groupⅠ,6 months after treatment, were also significantly lower(P0.01). Compared with those in the groupⅡ,VAS in groupⅠwere significantly decreased at 1 month and 6 months after treatment (P0. 05 and P0. 01) respectively. The therapeutic effects in groupⅠat 6 months after treatment were better than those in groupⅡ(P0. 01). There were no side effects, such as injuries to the nerve roots or dysfunctional dermal sensation in either group. Conclusion Radiofrequency thermocoagulation denervation guided by DSA has good therapeutic effects on syndrome of posterior ramus of lumbar nerve. Such treatment is safe, convenient and provides long-term pain relief.


This study aims to 1) determine the pedagogic competence of teachers in learning at SD Negeri Manding Tengah. 2) Know the teacher's preparation in learning 3) Know the implementation of learning in SD Manding Tengah through clinical supervision. The subjects in this study were teachers of SD Negeri Manding Tengah from grade one to grade six. The study used two cycles with two meetings in each cycle. Each cycle went through the stages of planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting... using. The research used two instruments, namely the learning preparation instrument and the learning implementation instrument, from these instruments the results obtained in the first cycle did not meet after the success target was carried out with cycle two, the results obtained met the success target and even exceeded the target set by the researcher, namely 80. Data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation. The research results show that. The number of class teachers from grade one to grade six at SD Negeri Manding Tengah was 6 teachers who had mastered pedagogical competence in terms of learning after clinical supervision was held


This research was realized aiming to prolong the shelf life of the 'Bengal' lychees under refrigeration, from the Carlopolis city, PR State, Brazil, with the use of thermal treatments in refrigerated fruits. The fruits were subjected to the treatments: immersion in water to 45°C by: T ‐ 1: control; T – 2: 5 minutes; T – 3: 10 minutes; T – 4: 15 minutes; T – 5: 20 minutes and T – 6: 25 minutes. After cleaned with 150 ppm of chlorine and dried, the fruits were packed in polystyrene trays and wrapped with polyvinyl chloride film 0,020 mm, with 10 fruits in each one (about 200 grams) and stored in B.O.D. to 5°C and 90±5% of RU by 15 days. The fruits were analyzed concerning the loss of weight mass, analysis of the shelf‐life, firmness, hydrogenionic potential (pH), titulable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), SS/TA relation ("Ratio"), ascorbic acid, reducing sugar and respiration soon after the harvest and in the removal of the B.O.D. (in 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days). The statistical delineation used was completely randomized, with three replications by treatment for each one in the six times of evaluation, using the Tukey test to 5% of probability. In experimental conditions, can be conclude that the thermical treatments with 5 or 10 minutes/45°C showed more effective in maintaining the coloration of fruits, which is the most important factor in quality of the lychee fruits and did not cause changes in the quality of the pulp.


e18058Background: Metastasis is the leading cause of ovarian cancer (OC) related death with more than 70% of OC patients diagnosed with metastasis with five-year survival rates below 45%. OC cells ...


Of recent years, there has been a marked increase in the number and nature of malpractice suits brought against physicians and dentists. Settlement out of court may tend to encourage such suits. Many a disgruntled patient has been known to threaten suit in order to avoid payment of a fee. The increased incidence of malpractice litigation has doubtless been encouraged by the (seemingly) large or excessive monetary awards determined by the court or jury. As a result, the cost of malpractice insurance has soared. To protect himself, the dentist will be inclined to refer his major or high risk patients to hospital for treatment. In such cases, the patients' pre and postoperative care becomes the responsibility of the hospital and anesthesiologist. This, of course, increases the cost of both medical and dental care to the patient.


A method for manufacturing a memory array, - a gate insulation layer (904) is formed on or over a substrate (902); - is formed a gate layer structure (906, 908, 916) on or above said gate insulation layer (904); - wherein an auxiliary mask layer (918) is formed on or over the gate layer structure (906, 908, 916); be patterned with the auxiliary mask layer (918) and the gate-layer structure (906, 908, 916) -; - said exposed areas to be doped (926) are doped; - wherein said doped regions (926) are heated; - wherein the patterned auxiliary mask layer (918) is removed; - said word line conductor material (934) is formed in the areas where the patterned auxiliary mask layer (918) has been removed, whereby a NAND-coupled memory device is formed.


In the socket housing 13, the electronic component mounting socket 10 having a plurality of contacts 12, socket housing 13 is provided with a contact receiving groove in the lower plate of the electronic component receiving portion (11), contact 12 is fixed piece 50, a terminal provided in place by bending the lower end of the fixed piece in the lateral direction piece 51, the folded overturn the front end side of the terminal piece 51 in a substantially U-shaped first reversed folded has a bent portion 52, a first reverse folded bent and continuous with the intermediate spring piece portion 53, a middle spring piece front end side of flip cooled folded second reverse folded bent portion 54, a substantially U-shaped and extending in the lateral direction, second flip contact continuously the folded bent portion having a resilient contact piece portion 55 in an oblique upward integrally, and is formed toward the fixed piece 50 of the contact 12 in the vertical direction into the socket housing 13, the fixing holes (9 ) is fixed by inserting a. Therefore, the miniaturization is possible, there is provided a manufacturing electronic parts mounting socket at a low cost. Jeonjeo components attached, the socket housing, the contact, the bent portion, the fixing piece, the contact fixing hole


It has been over two years since Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) in an effort to restore investor confidence in the financial reporting of publicly held companies. So what has really changed? What is the situation today? The authors examine the aftermath of SOX and the latest guidance for companies struggling to comply. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Gravity and magnetic studies have been carried out along Rewa to south of Shahdol transect, Madhya Pradesh, Central India to understand the nature of the structural features conjugated with different geological entities and thickness sedimentary column. The detail gravity and magnetic data have been collected along 220 km long profile with 0.5 km station interval. The qualitative analysis of the data shows multiple geological entities i.e Mahakoshal, Gondwana sediments and deccan trap including deep seated faults (F1: SNNF, F2: SNSF and F3). Further, signature of sediment column under the deccan trap is also identified. Spectral analysis of the potential field data reveals the average depth of the deeper crustal layer approximately 21 km and depth to the basement (Mahakoshal/Crysatalline) 4.0 km on which Gondwana sediments were deposited. The thickness of the vindhyan sediments at Rewa and south of shahdol are estimated as 2.2 km and 450 m respectively. The results are well correlated with the deep borehole data and with gravity and magnetic results, Magnetotelluric and Deep seismic studies. Theese finding may be useful to develop a conceptual model for exploring mineral and energy resources along Rewa to Shahdol transect.


THE concerted drive of nurse educationists and nursing organizations to abolish hospital schools of nursing and practical-nurse schools comes to a head at a time when the shortage of bedside nurses throughout the country has finally reached the proportions of a national scandal and gives every indication of getting worse each year. Although 439 more nurses were graduated in 1965–66 than in 1964–65,1 this is hardly a drop in the bucket compared to the rapidly expanding needs. An increment of many thousands of nurses each year is needed, not only to make up the current deficit but also to allow . . .


PREVENTION OF CONTRAST NEPHROPATHY: ARE PRACTICE PATTERNS CONGRUENT WITH CURRENT RECOMMENDATIONS? Praveen Kandula, Nishith Singh, Sagar U Nigwekar*, ± Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL; * Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY Administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and isotonic sodium bicarbonate infusion (NaHCO3) have received significant attention for preventing Contrast Nephropathy (CN). However, given the limited evidence, experts recommend their usage only in patients at high risk for CN. The present study evaluates congruency of clinical practice with existing evidence. A retrospective analysis of 112 consecutive patients from two academic institutions who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed. Patients undergoing primary PCI, dialysis, or contrast exposure within one week of PCI were excluded. Demographic, laboratory data and periprocedural PCI details were abstracted. We calculated CN risk score for patients using Mehran's prediction model and stratified them as low (score ≤15) and high (≥16) risk for CN. We studied utilization of NAC and NaHCO3 as preventive strategies for CN for these two categories of patients and compared clinical practice with current evidence. Chi square test was used to detect significant differences for a p value of less than 0.05. Of 112 patients 94 (89%) and 18 (16%) were at low and high risk for CN respectively. Among the low risk patients, 40 (43%), 23 (24%) and 16 (17%) received NAC, NaHCO3 and both for prophylaxis respectively. Only 7 (7%) did not receive prophylaxis. Among the high risk patients, 15 (83%), 3 (17%) and 1 (7%) received NAC, NaHCO3 and both as prophylaxis respectively. One patient from high risk group (7%) did not receive any prophylaxis. Overall more than 50% of low risk patients and 95% of the high risk patient received either NAC or NaHCO3. Use of NAC was significantly higher among high risk as compared to low risk patients (p =0.002) but use of NaHCO3 was not (p =0.55). Despite lack of clear evidence, use of prophylactic agents appears to be high including for those patients who are at low risk for CN.NAC is more commonly used than NaHCO3 for this indication especially in high risk patients whereas NaHCO3 use is similar between the two risk groups.


The invention relates to a process for dying medlar powder, in particular to a process for freezing and drying medlar powder in vacuum. The process comprises the steps of soaking, leaching water after washing with clear water, prefreezing, freezing, vacuumizing for drying, pulverizing, and the like. The invention has the characteristics that a medlar fresh fruit is frozen and dried by adopting a vacuum freezing and drying technology disclosed by the invention, nutrient components in the medlar fresh fruit, appearance shape and color are retained to the greatest extent, and the problems that the nutrient components, appearance shape and color of the medlar fruit can not be ensured in the traditional vacuum freezing and drying process, and the like are solved; the pulverizing process adopts a low-humidity, low-rotating speed and screening process and overcomes the process defects of loss, machine bonding, saccharification, and the like of effective components in medlar, caused by overhigh rotating speed of a pulverizer; and because the pulverizing process is divided into a rough pulverizing process step and a supermicropulverizing process step, the invention has considerable comprehensive economic benefits, improves the pulverizing efficiency and ensures the effective components and color in medlar powder as much as possible.


SummaryThe Scientific Research Center of Yucatán (CICY, for its Spanish acronym) was founded in November 1979 as part of an effort to decentralize scientific activities from Mexico City. Several of the research programs carried out at CICY make use of plant tissue culture techniques for their development. For this article, we have reviewed results obtained in research projects oriented towards basic plant biology questions, as well as towards the micropropagation of economically important species, and the production of secondary metabolites.


The present disclosure is directed to a krill peeling machine having a bank or plurality of banks of pairs of peeling rolls having peeling nips therebetween and with their major axes transverse to the path of flow of a supply of krill to be peeled through the machine. There are means for oscillating the peeling rolls causing the nips to engage and peel the krill to provide a tail meat with shell removed. The bank of peeling rolls are positioned at a declination of from 20 DEG to 30 DEG to the horizontal, each bank having a loading and discharge end. A krill leveling means is situated at the loading end of each peeling bank for distributing the krill substantially evenly across the peeling nips of the transversely disposed rollers to provide a layer of krill in contact with the peeling nips. Each peeling section has water means positioned to supply a water spray so that the water acts as a peeling lubricant between the krill and peeling nips and also as a conveyor to promote progress of the krill down the bank of peeling rolls as a fluid conveyor bed the speed of progress of which can be varied depending on the size and age of the krill. Also located above the transversely disposed peeling rolls are krill longitudinal guide means which are spaced transversely along the major axes of the peeling rolls to maintain a uniform distribution of krill transversely of the axes of the peeling rolls. For shipboard installation these guides may be foraminous to permit passage of conveying water therethrough to avoid waving up of krill all to one side of the machine when the ship rolls and flushing of unpeeled krill down the length of the peeling and/or cleaning section along with peeled meat.


This article offers a series of critical theorizations on the biopolitical dimensions of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), with specific attention to what has recently been referred to in the United States as the 'MRSA Epidemic'. In particular, we reflect on the proliferation of biomedical discourses around the 'spread', and the pathogenic potentialities, of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA). We turn to the work of Roberto Esposito and Jean-Luc Nancy to better make sense of how, during this immunological crisis, the individualized fleshy and fluid body is articulated to dimensions of community and corporeal proximity; the body is thus conceived in popular biopolitical framings as a site of transmission, inoculation, and isolation – as a living ecological and pathological vessel. We give emphasis to the spatial relations of flesh, namely in how biomedical 'experts' have sought to (bio-)technologize spaces of heightened communal bodily contact (such as playgrounds or gymnasia).


As a developing curriculum system,there still have many problems including embedded system teaching in the areas of fundamental knowledge preparation,course content selection and the organization of lab and practicing are argued and discussed The gap between fundamental knowledge structure based on the traditional teaching plan and embedded system teaching are analyzed in this paper.Based on teaching experience in relevant colleges and departments in SEU,a solution is presented.And course content,such as the selection of hardware and software platforms,is discussed either.Based on the traditional mode of experiment teaching,the experiment mode of project driven is introduced,which is also a helpful exploration of the integration of teaching and researching.


In any case of persistent shoulder pain where active and thorough local treatment fails to alleviate symptoms, an investigation of surrounding structures should be made. Many roentgenological clinics routinely fluoroscope the chest in all cases of shoulder pain and, when suggestive pathology is found, roentgenographic studies are made of the chest. The finding of a calcified bursa in an elderly individual may at times mask the true cause of shoulder pain. A calcified bursa is not infrequently asymptomatic.


Concurrent Engineering Through Parallelization of the Design-Analysis Process Eric Joseph Wardell Department of Mechanical Engineering, BYU Master of Science The disconnect between the way CAD and analysis applications handle model geometry has long been a hindrance to engineering design. Current industry practices often utilize outdated forms of geometry transfer between these different engineering software applications such as neutral file formats and direct translations. Not only to these current practices slow the engineering design process but they also hinder the integration of design and analysis programs. This thesis proposes a new, multi-user, integrated design-analysis architecture which allows auxiliary functions such as analysis and computer-aided manufacturing to be better connected with the computer-aided design. It is hypothesized that this new architecture will reduce the time of design-analysis iterations and create more parallelization between CAD and auxiliary programs. A prototype of the proposed architecture was constructed and then tested to evaluate the hypotheses, from which it was discovered that the proposed architecture does indeed reduce the time of iterations in the design-analysis cycle and allows for the parallelization of some design and analysis tasks.


The senior nursing staff are valuable human resources in nursing,Senior nurses played their own roles in different field through carrying out a series of strategies such as continuous shift-arrange,Nurse Grading Management,nursing rounding wards,nursing consultation system,reasonable diversion and positively culture clinical nurse specialist.Senior nurses actualized their professional value and ensured nursing quality.


Bearing is the most widely used component in many applications such as home appliances, industrial applications and military applications. Bearing works continuously in harsh environment especially for industrial use where the environment factor may affect the bearing conditions. Conditions of bearing require a proper monitoring to prevent sudden failure which will cause financial loss and threaten human life. Thus, a proper maintenance is introduced called Condition-based Maintenance (CBM). CBM is a maintenance strategy that provide a guideline to monitor the asset condition based on the information collected. In CBM, there are several important steps for monitoring the asset condition which one of them is signal processing. Signal Processing is important due to data acquire from the sensor is heavily masked by the background noise (machine sound and environment sound). Therefore, a robust signal processing technique is required to eliminate the noise and provide good features for decision making. This paper tends to review on the signal processing utilised for bearing fault diagnosis from the previous researcher.


. The main aim of our research was to determine the effect of origin and generation on the fractal dimension values of the milk production peculiarities in dairy cows. This study analyses data from cattle milk production at the LLC "Promin", Mykolaiv region. We formed four experimental groups of first-calf Holstein heifers of different origins and generations. The animals of the first group were imported from Germany; the second group was their offspring; the third group was Ukrainian breed cows, and the fourth group was their offspring. We assessed 305-day milk yield, total milk yield, milk fat percentage, milk fat yield, milk protein percentage, milk protein yield and lactation length for each cow. The information fractal dimension ( FD 1 ) values were calculated for each trait within each group. The fractal dimension values in all groups for 305-days milk yield, milk fat and milk protein yields were close to 1 (excluding the fourth group); thus, it can be argued that the random mechanism of their regulation and, accordingly, the lack of fractal properties. The estimated FD 1 values for total milk yield were slightly lower; they fluctuated within very narrow limits in all groups and did not depend on either origin or generation. In addition, the calculated FD 1 values for total milk yield were significantly lower than the corresponding estimates for 305-day milk yield in all cow groups. The use of fractal analysis revealed significant differences, which are based on different regulation mechanisms of the milk fat percentage in cows of the daughter generations. On the other hand, the fractal dimension values FD 1 for milk protein percentage did not differ significantly between mothers and daughters, regardless of their origin. It was also found that the control for lactation length in the daughter generation was lower than the maternal one. Thus, using fractal analysis to study the regulatory mechanisms of milk production traits in dairy cows allowed us to determine the influence of the origin and generation (mother or daughter).


Background: Effective group psychological therapies in the chronic phases of schizophrenia are rare. This paper describes the results of testing a group therapy that includes integrated psychological therapy (IPT) together with an adaptation of emotional management therapy (EMT), delivered in a sample of outpatients with chronic schizophrenia. Method: 42 patients received the psychological intervention during eight months and they were assessed at baseline, posttreatment and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months follow‐up. Results: The program was well accepted, and there was only one dropped out during the therapy and 2 hospital admissions during the 20 months of contact with patients along the study. Improvements were observed in cognition, social functioning, and quality of life after the treatment, and these results were maintained to the longterm follow‐up. To summarize, patients were better 12 months after the treatment than in baseline. Conclusion: The integrative psychological program applied was effective and it was well accepted and could be used in public mental health services as a protective factor, reducing hospitalizations, preventing cognitive decline, helping patients to manage their daily worries and making them feel more supported. &NA; Prevención del deterioro cognitivo en la esquizofrenia crónica: eficacia a largo plazo de la terapia psicológica integrada y el entrenamiento en manejo de emociones. Antecedentes: los programas de tratamiento psicológico grupal eficaces para las fases crónicas de la esquizofrenia son escasos. Este artículo describe los resultados obtenidos tras la aplicación de un programa grupal, que incluye la terapia psicológica integrada (IPT) junto con una adaptación de la terapia de manejo emocional (EMT), en una muestra de pacientes ambulatorios con esquizofrenia crónica. Método: 42 pacientes recibieron el programa durante ocho meses y se evaluaron al inicio, en el post‐tratamiento y en los seguimientos de 1, 3, 6 y 12 meses. Resultados: el programa fue bien aceptado ya que únicamente hubo un abandono durante los 8 meses de tratamiento y 2 ingresos hospitalarios durante los 20 meses de duración del estudio. Se obtuvieron mejorías en la cognición, el funcionamiento social y la calidad de vida tras recibir el tratamiento, y éstas se mantuvieron en el seguimiento a largo plazo. En resumen, los pacientes estaban mejor 12 meses después de recibir el tratamiento que en la evaluación inicial. Conclusión: el tratamiento resulta efectivo, ha sido bien aceptado y podría ser útil en los servicios de salud para reducir las hospitalizaciones, prevenir el deterioro cognitivo y ayudar a los pacientes a manejar sus preocupaciones diarias.


High resolution proton magnetic resonance spectra of ω-substituted trans-styrenes and 1-substituted trans-properies have been observed and discussed from the viewpoint of substituent effects. The chemical shifts of protons located at the cis-position to substituents depend roughly upon Hammett's σP constants and presumably correlate better with the combination of potential inductive and resonance parameters, namely 0.40σI+0.70σR, proposed by Taft. These results suggest that the chemical shifts of olefinic cis-proton may be computed from the viewpoint of the polar nature of the substituents, though the diamagnetic anisotropy and the long-range shielding effect of the substituents must be carefully considered side by side. When the chemical shifts of protons situated at corresponding positions of structure in several systems are compared, a fairly good correlation is observed among them. This fact implies that the modes of the transmittance of substituent effects is similar in these systems. The nature of t...


The polymerization test pattern formed in the master pattern on the mask to seonchaek typically transfer exposure, and without carrying out the developing, the resist film thickness change polymerizable double beam reference position of the test pattern interferometry looking in at the film exposure area on the semiconductor wafer, detection, and detection, and detecting a displacement of the two polymerization through the interference of the reference position of the reference pattern polymerization in the white light is formed on the wafer in advance. It is possible to omit the prior exposure and development process, the throughput is to be eliminated as much as possible and at the same time improve factors that degrade the accuracy of polymerization, the baseline stability and reproducibility of mask alignment, thus increasing the polymerization precision.


This paper deals with the design of a robust control scheme for a suspended Cable-Driven Parallel Robot (CDPR), composed of eight cables and a moving platform (MP), suitable for pick-and-place operations of heterogeneous objects with different shapes, sizes and masses, up to a total load of 700 kg. Dynamometers measure the force applied by each cable onto the moving-platform and are used to assess the payload mass at any time. In the proposed control solution, each motor of the CDPR is directly driven by a PD torque controller, which takes benefit of the real-time payload estimation in a feedforward term. In order to evaluate its performance, experiments on a typical pick and place trajectory are realized for different payloads. As a result, three control schemes: (i) a Proportional-Derivative (PD) torque controller; (ii) a PD controller with compensation of the MP mass only and (iii) a PD controller with real-time mass estimation and compensation are experimentally compared with respect to their positioning accuracy. It turns out that a good estimation of the payload is obtained in real-time thanks to the dynamometers. Moreover, the higher the payload mass, the more accurate the proposed controller with respect to its two counterparts.


This travel article from the South Carolina Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism highlights Elloree and its revival. Antique shops, restaurants and cafes and the Elloree Museum & Cultural Center now line the streets, recalling the classic look of a thriving village of days once thought gone. The town of approximately 700 residents is about halfway between Columbia and Charleston and situated near two major interstate
highways.


This report documents the complete solutions to the problem of representing the posterior distribution for the pulse width modulation of a repeated square wave signal based on digital measurements of the duration .of the on and the off components of the waves. Thanks to a University of Canterbury research grant for computational support.


The verification of network protocols is a challenging problem. Traditional model checking requires a translation into an intermediate language and suffers from state explosion. Recent proposals [1, 2, 4] have aimed at mitigating these issues. In this poster 1, we propose a different and novel declarative framework to tackle this problem. The framework builds upon the recent realization that with simple extensions, database-style query languages (e.g., Datalog) can be used to specify and implement network protocols [3]. Contrary to imperative languages which describe how computation should be executed, declarative languages strive to specify what computation should be performed. As such, declarative languages have a clear correspondence to mathematical logic, and are well-suited for analysis. The large body of work and techniques developed by the formal logic community can be directly applied and taken advantage of to reason about network protocols.


In the networked multimedia system,measuring the available bandwidth is benefit for the multimedia streaming to adapt to the network condition.Previous work focused on the estimation of the average available bandwidth.But multimedia streaming prefers to the variation range of the available bandwidth.The fairness among the network traffics and the requirements of Quality are realized by using two specified percentiles to estimate the available bandwidth variation range under Gaussian distribution.The accuracy of this algorithm is higher than others under different network conditions.


Background: Cardiac hypertrophy is a common response to injury and hemodynamic stress and an important harbinger of heart failure and death. The molecular mechanisms underlying this disease process...


This chapter considers how the practice of non-translation has implications for the development and critical practice of 'world literature', taking the 'Eumaeus' episode of Joyce's Ulysses as its focal point. In particular, non-translation offers a route to re-read two related and important literary-historical models that have been influential in conceptualizing world literature: the idea of a 'minor literature', as elaborated initially by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, and that of a 'dominant language' within a 'world history of literature', elaborated by Pascale Casanova. It is important to do so because, remarkably enough, despite the obvious relevance of non-translation, neither model addresses the phenomenon of plurilingual, macaronic writing. The matter of non-translation offers an illuminating index through which to consider, and revise, these influential literary-historical models. The chapter also examines the contemporary context of language reform exemplified by the Society for Pure English.


Floating-zone and pulled, phosphorus-doped n-Si samples with ϱ = (10 to 40) Ωcm are investigated after irradiation with various doses of fast-pile neutrons. The equation which connects dose, concentration, and temperature dependence of carrier removal rate by defect clusters in the frame of Gossick's model is derived. The new method and an expression for determination of average cluster radius are presented. It is found that fast-pile neutrons introduce defect clusters in pulled n-Si with average radius ≈ 70 A and in floating-zone n-Si ≈ 90 A. Simple defect build-up kinetics in fast-pile neutron irradiated n-Si is calculated.

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Spin-crossover clusters with iron(II) high nuclearity are rare. By using 3,5-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole (bptH) as the ligand with two bidentate chelating sites, we successfully obtained three pentanuclear iron(II) cluster helicate compounds [{FeII(μ-bpt)3}2FeII3(μ3-O)][FeII2(μ-Br)(μ-bpt)(NCS)4(H2O)]·2H2O·C2H5OH (1), [{FeII(μ-bpt)3}2FeII3(μ3-O)][FeII2(μ-bpt)2(NCS)4] (2), and [{FeII(μ-bpt)3}2FeII3(μ3-O)]I2·2C2H5OH (3). Research on single-crystal structure and magnetism has indicated that tuning the spin state of two iron(II) ions in axial direction is successfully realized by regulating the different counter anions: one apical [FeII(bpt)3]− unit exhibits spin-crossover behavior while the other [FeII(bpt)3]− unit remains in low spin state in 1, both apical ions are of high spin states in 2, and are of low spin states in 3.


A stochastic Lagrangian model describing the global tropospheric distribution of CO 2 is developed. Available source and sink terms are incorporated in the model. Advection terms are derived from the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) analysed grids. Statistics for the variation in the advective terms are derived and incorporated in the model from the ECMWF data base. Model output is compared with CO 2 observations obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Geophysical Monitoring for Climatic Change (GMCC) program. Model estimates of the yearly averaged latitudinal gradient of CO 2 concentration match the observed CO 2 concentrations except over the southern oceans. A biospheric growing season net flux (GSNF) of 6.5 Gt C was found, from model simulations, to explain the observed seasonal cycle in CO 2 concentrations. This value of the GSNF lies within the bounds of previous estimates. The intensity of the biospheric fluxes above 60° N, oceanic fluxes below 45° S and model vertical transport warrant further investigation. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0889.1989.tb00306.x


The instructional and research activities associated with the Committee on Remote Sensing and its members are outlined. The graduate program includes about 20 Ph.D. students who are minoring in remote sensing and who are supported by the wide-ranging research projects at the University of Arizona.


otorhinolaryngologists and has recently been used to evaluate the laryngeal structures. While US has been used only for diagnosis, it can also be used for treatment. Here, we describe a novel technique that can be used to inject botulinum toxin into the TA muscle via trans-cartilaginous approach under the guidance of US for the treatment of AdSD.


The article presents the methodological recommendations as for the teaching future lawyers of English oral monologic speech on the principles of differentiated approach. The process of teaching is recommended to be organized in four stages: diagnostic, planning, teaching and final.The diagnostic stage is aimed at defining the level of students' knowledge and independence. This stage also provides for the formation of differentiated groups and sub-groups. The differentiated groups should be formed by the level of students' knowledge: students with the level of A2 and those with the level of B1 should comprise different groups, which will help to differentiate the tasks and the contents of teaching. The planning stage is aimed at establishing the tasks of teaching, defining the contents and developing the teaching materials in accordance with the level of knowledge and independence. The tasks of teaching should be set in such a way, so that by the end of the first academic year the student have reached the next level of the English language command (or maximally approach it) in comparison with the introductory level (i.e. students with the level of A2 have to reach the level of B1 in the monologic speech, as well as the students with the level of B1 have to reach the level of B2 correspondingly). At the same time each student has to reach the maximal individual results in producting the monologic speech. The teaching stage is aimed directly at the realization of the teaching process for the law students, the implementation of the sub-system of exercises and tasks, which is based on the principles of individualization, interactive orientation, the leading role of the self-study activity, professional orientation, communicativeness, the situation, authenticity, the dominant role of exercising, the differentiated and integrated teaching of the language aspects as well as the types of the communicative activity.The final stage is aimed at defining the dynamics of changes in the quality of the skills in monologic speech and independence of the students, as well as their transfer to other groups/sub-groups. In this respect the differentiated groups and sub-groups must be dynamic, that is, when the students reach some level of knowledge and independence, they have to be transferred to another group or sub-group.


The Internet provides an excellent wealth of information about many different topics, but when it comes to getting an understanding of how things ...


In this letter we present the first determination of the proton's mechanical radius from data on deeply virtual Compton scattering cross sections and polarized electron beam spin asymmetries. This process involves the interaction of two spin J = 1 photons with the proton, and closely mimics the spin J = 2 interaction that is characteristic of gravity interaction with matter, involving the electromagnetic coupling strength rather than the many orders of magnitude smaller gravitational coupling. This allows for the mechanical or physical radius of the proton to be determined in deep inelastic electron scattering experiments with experimental counting rates that are typical for exclusive deep inelastic electromagnetic processes. We find that in comparison to the proton's charge radius, the mechanical properties are more concentrated near the proton's center than is the case of its electrical properties as reflected in the significantly larger charge radius of the proton.


With the smash of the classical mode of "the elite" writing by the popular writing, more and more cultural rubbish has been produced in the wake of mediocrity and inferiority caused by the so-called popular writing. Thus, there exists the pressing task of improving writers' writing ability. Efforts should also be made in the writing course at college to improve the writing ability of students, and the key to such an issue lies in consolidating the writing quality of the students. By the quality of writing is meant the fundamental qualifications and competence of the writer necessary for writing as well as the accomplishment of the writer in material-collection, reflections and expression with respect to writing. The improvement of the quality is affected not only by the cultivation of writing skills but also by the accomplishments in ideology, life and knowledge.


There are still lots of problems in the systematic taxonomy of oysters in China. Among them, whether the widely bred "white oyster" and "red oyster" in Southern China are the same species of Crassostrea rivularis is to be revealed. We amplified the 18S rDNA sequences,ITS1 and ITS2 sequences of the "white oyster" and the "red oyster" respectively, and take them as molecular marks for molecular phylogenetic analysis. The preliminary results show that the "white oyster" should belong to Crassostrea rivularis, and the "red oyster" probably belongs to the other species.


Tivantinib (ARQ 197), a selective, oral, non-ATP-competitive, small-molecule inhibitor of c-MET receptor tyrosine kinase, is being evaluated in combination with other agents in non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and as a single agent in HCC. This study assessed the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of tivantinib in healthy subjects. Methods: A phase 1, open-label study was conducted in healthy, male, nonsmoking subjects (age, 18 to 45 years; body mass index, 19 to 29 kg/m 2 ). A single 360-mg oral dose of 14 C-tivantinib (~250 µCi) was administered ~5 min after consumption of a standard high-fat meal (breakfast). Blood, feces, and urine samples were collected for tivantinib and radioactivity analysis for a maximum of 16 days postdose. Study endpoints included pharmacokinetic parameters associated with total radioactivity in blood and plasma and tivantinib in plasma, mass balance (rate and extent of excretion) of total 14 C radioactivity in urine and feces, and adverse events (AEs). Plasma, urine, and fecal samples were also analyzed for metabolite identification. Results: Six subjects (all CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers) participated in this study. Median time to maximal concentration (t max ) for tivantinib in plasma and total radioactivity in plasma and whole blood were 4, 6, and 6 hours, respectively. Mean terminal half-life (t 1/2 ) for tivantinib in plasma and total radioactivity in plasma and whole blood were 11.7, 20.7, and 13.6 hours, respectively. Based on area under the curve (AUC), tivantinib constituted ~12% of total radioactivity in plasma, indicating the existence of substantial amounts of circulating tivantinib metabolite(s). Eight tivantinib metabolites were identified in plasma, and 4 were considered major metabolites based on their relative plasma exposure. The mean whole blood to plasma AUC inf ratio (AUC b :AUC p ) was 0.609, indicating that most of the total radioactivity resided in plasma and was not highly associated with red blood cells. Mean ± SD recovery of radioactivity in feces and urine was 87.2% (feces = 68.2% ± 3.80%; urine = 19.0% ± 2.42%). Parent tivantinib was not detected in urine and trace amounts were detected in feces. Urinary and fecal metabolites were oxidative and subsequently conjugated molecules. Three subjects (50%) developed 12 treatment- emergent AEs; all were mild in severity and none resulted in treatment discontinuation. Conclusions: Tivantinib was rapidly absorbed and metabolized after oral administration, and 87% of total radioactivity was recovered in urine and feces. Parent tivantinib was not detected in urine and only trace amounts were detected in feces. The fact that all the urinary and fecal metabolites are oxidative and subsequently conjugated molecules suggests near complete absorption of tivantinib when administered under fed conditions.


To make a quick and effective organic phosphorus pesticide detection in the agricultural production,a detection system for Organophosphorus Pesticides based on USB is designed in the paper.Firstly,the theory of organic phosphorus pesticide detection system is briefly introduced.Then ARM microcontroller is used to finish the data acquisition,and it communicates with the computer by USB to comply real-time transmission of data between the master computer and the slaver computer.And finally the function of the detection system for Organophosphorus Pesticides is realized.


Starting from the perspective of legal relation of L/C,the article analyzes the subject and contents of L/C and then based on these it shows legal characters of L/C and the relevant theories.Aiming at the criticisms against the theories,the article expounds the legal characters L/C from the opposite way.