A simple, economical, rapid and sensitive analytical method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of endosulfan (α- and β-) and its metabolites (endosulfan ether, endosulfan hydroxy ether, endosulfan lactone, endosulfan alcohol and endosulfan sulphate) in complex samples, such as soil and urine, based on ultrasound assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (UA-DLLME) followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometric (GC–MS) analysis. The method parameters have been optimized using response surface design experiments. Trichloroethylene (TCE) and acetone were chosen as extraction and disperser solvents respectively. After UA-DLLME, the sediment phase obtained was directly analyzed by GC–MS without any further cleanup and preconcentration procedure. Several factors which can affect the UA-DLLME extraction were screened and optimized by 27–4 Plackett–Burman design (PBD) and central composite design (CCD) experiments respectively. Based on these experiments the optimized parameters for UA-DLLME extraction were as follows: extraction solvent, (TCE, 58 μL), disperser solvent (acetone, 1.27 mL) and ionic strength (Na2SO4, 7%, w/v). Intra- and inter-day precision were expressed as percent relative standard deviation (% RSD) and were found to be less than 6.33%. The limit of detection (LOD) of all the analytes in soil and urine were found to be in the range of 0.316–2.494 ng g−1 and 0.049–0.514 ng mL−1 respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied in the analysis of soil samples contaminated with endosulfan. The method may find wide application for the routine determination of endosulfan and its metabolites in environmental and biological samples.


The soft robot has many degrees of freedom, strong environmental adaptability, and good human–computer interaction ability. As the end-effector of the soft robot, the soft gripper can grasp objects of different shapes without destructivity. Based on the theoretical analysis of the soft robot, the kinematics model of the flexible gripper and the theoretical model of the bending deformation of the air cavity were established. Accordingly, the relationship between the bending angle of the soft gripper and the air pressure was determined. Through the application of finite element software, the bending degree of the pneumatic network multi-cavity soft gripper was simulated, and the influence of structural parameters of soft actuator on bending deformation was determined. In addition, the 3D technology conducts the printing of soft gripper fixtures and molds, the injection molds the actuator, and the human–computer interaction interface controls the movement of the gripper. This paper proposes the control and monitoring of the soft gripper are realized through the electrical control module, the air circuit control module, and the sensor group module, and the size of the airflow velocity can be controlled by PWM DC speed regulation. The adaptability of the soft gripper in grasping objects was verified. The results shows that the software gripper possesses good flexibility and can better grasp objects of different shapes.


Urban traffic crashes may lead to only a few casualties, but may generate severe negative impacts on the surrounding traffic, such as evidently increasing traveling delay and non-essential fuel consumption of third parties (i.e., vehicles not involved in the crash). Such detrimental consequences of urban traffic crashes are usually ignored by the traditional crash severity evaluation approaches. Therefore, this study attempts to classify urban traffic crash severity by considering the traveling delay and non-essential fuel consumption of third parties in addition to casualties and property damages. Based on the losses of traveling delay and non-essential fuel consumption of third parties, the losses of crash casualties, and property damages, a comprehensive index of urban traffic crash severity was developed. Moreover, the thresholds of the proposed comprehensive index for urban crash severity classification were determined based on the crash data from 2013 to 2014 collected from Harbin, China. The developed comprehensive index was applied to a case study, which also compared the crash severity classification outcomes from the developed method and the current approach. The results indicate that the developed method of urban traffic crash severity classification is more reasonable than the existing approach. Such superiority of the proposed urban crash severity classification method is due to considering the traveling delay and non-essential fuel consumption of third parties caused by a crash.


Thermography is the infrared imaging (or thermal imaging) obtained with an infrared camera. Based on these thermal images it is possibile to perform accurate temperature measurements, to detect even small temperature differences. Scientific applications of infrared thermography are numerous and located in many different areas.
In medicine, the temperature of the body is a complex phenomenon. The body produces heat that must be dispersed into the environment. The skin functions as the interface between heat production and the environment. This dynamic body has adapted to balance the internal and external conditions, in response to physiological needs of the body. Infrared are widely accepted as accurate and reliable tool to perform medical examinations and diagnostic tests.
Many veterinarians already use infrared thermography as a noninvasive method, reliable and fast, to identify hot spots. This technique provides in fact, in real time, a visual map of gradients in temperature of the skin. Because heat is one of the main signals of approaching of inflammation or injury, it is possibile to use infrared camera to detect and diagnose these problems in advance. This technology also allows to easily locate
damaged nerves and muscles. Among the most common applications: axis deviation, diseases of joints, fractures, tendinopathy and many other inflammatory conditions. In
addition to the wide use in the horse sports, is growing strongly the use of infrared materials and in other fields of veterinary medicine, as its use in farms of small and large ruminants, wild animals and into zoo, as a tool for diagnosis of diseases or evaluation of alterations of animal welfare.
Trial 1: Infrared thermography, allowing you to perform evaluations of temperature away from animals and without contact, can be very important in determining their acute stress. The purpose of this study is, therefore, assess the potential of infrared thermography as a technique to detect stress in the horses in order to obtain a noninvasive method of diagnostic and complementary to other diagnostic techniques. The experimental test is to subject various horses to acute stress and to examine certain physiological parameters (blood corticotropin and cortisol, changes in rectal temperature and heart rate) related to changes in temperature, detected by infrared thermography to eye level and the trigone lip. The first report of stress was induced by banding of the eyes of animals (proof of banding), then another test was conducted in which the stressful event was the administration of food so that the horses were able to view it without reaching and smell (proof of frustration).
Our study also provided as a comparison of the response to acute stress in two groups of animals, one of which was placed in enriched environment, the other served as control.
In this experiment participated in 9 horses (aged between 5 and 20 years, belonging to different races) For statistical analysis, given the relatively small number of subjects who have been
part of the experimental evidence, has chosen to use non-parametric statistical tests.
The Wilcoxon test was used for comparison between baseline values and those before the proof and subsequently statistical analysis within the same groups of "enriched" and "control", while the Spearman's rank test was used for the correlation between them.
Baseline analysis of results, in general, we can claim to have observed that the surveys carried out by using the camera, do not significantly influence the parameters considered in animals. There are not major differences between the baseline and the
pre-test, this may indicate that our manual and our presence does not have varied far the physiological conditions of the horses.
In the course of each stress test, however, we have noticed that the infrared camera detects temperature changes, increasing or decreasing, and therefore we have always noticed a difference in temperature between the initial and final values of the tests, both level of eye and lip trigone.
Finally, considering our data between enriched and control group, we can see that even in this case, there is a difference that depends on the type of stress test implementation.
Descriptive analysis of results obtained in enriched and control groups, as has been previously analyzed each group individually, we noted that the proof bandage influence
the temperature of the eye, increasing it, while the trigone is variable. The test of frustration, however, decreases the temperature at eye and attrigone lip.
Trial 2: A proper operation of the milking is essential both for the welfare of the buffalo and for an optimize productivity, maintaining a healthy breast. Rising the vaccum level, while allowing more rapid extraction of milk, the other affects the
integrity of the breast tissue. The increase of the vaccum increases the rate of flow of milk by lowering the time of issuance, but may also be a cause of occurrence of diseases borne apparatus in different species from breast milk. The mechanical action exerted by the compound during the milking vacuum, and the weight of the sheath, induces changes in the tissues of the nipple that may alter the resistance to the entry of
pathogenic bacteria causing infections.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different levels of high and low vacuum on temperature changes of the nipple in Buffalo, before, during and after the milking process, by infrared thermography.
Within the herd were considered two groups of 14 buffaloes, which were milked at 42kPa and after three weeks of adaptation to progressively lower levels of vacuum were milked at 36kPa, using the same parameters of pulsation.
Thermographic images of the back of the udder and teats were captured before milking, during milking, immediately after milking and up to 5 minutes after milking.
The camera was a practical method for detecting changes at surface temperature of the nipple and analyzing the results obtained using the two tests of milking, we highlighted the important data.
At first observation of the data reveals that the low vacuum influence greater than the high elevation of the nipple thermal vacuum. Another very interesting observation is related to the time of milking: in fact are very similar and therefore the gap found between the temperatures taken after milking, is not due to the time of milking, but probably on the level of vacuum applied.
All these tests have shown a higher sensitivity of the middle and tip teat from the base, applying equally high or low vacuum. This implies a greater influence of the nipple at both anatomical and thermal.
Trial 3: Subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) represent one of the most important metabolic disorders in intensive dairy farms that affects rumen fermentations, animal welfare, productivity and profitability. The determination of ruminal pH is a key factor
for the diagnosis of SARA. Different methods are available for the collection of rumen fluid for pH analysis. According several researcher rumenocentesis may be useful for the collection of rumen fluid for pH determination. A group of at least 12 cows (early or middle lactation) is defined as having SARA when more than 30% of them show a ruminal pH lower than 5.5.
The purpose of this study was to verify the applicability of thermography as a tool as an aid to diagnosis of this disorder fermentative. Also, apply the thermographic evaluation
of point of needle insertion from rumenocentesis in order to further confirm the absence of negative implications of this technique on the health and animal welfare.
The results of this study may show how infrared thermography can be of great importance as a tool as an aid to diagnosing subacute rumen acidosis because the alterations of ruminal fermentations leads to a change in temperature of the rumen
and/or surface circulation in relation to the mechanisms of heat loss.
Moreover, since some authors still consider rumenocentesis as an invasive technique and various professionals deem too difficult to use in routine clinical investigations, this study has again demostrated that no animal has shown particular problems during this diagnostic procedure, and not have been identified local or systemic reactions following the ruminocentesis


This short paper introduces a new concept of rotor where the blades undergo a periodic surging motion in the rotor disk plane. It is shown that the unsteady actuation induces aerodynamic phenomenon that can enhance both rotor thrust and efficiency, depending on the amplitude and frequency of actuation. In particular, the increase in aerodynamic performance is found to correlate with the development of a large scale leading edge vortex. Accordingly, the optimal frequency is found to correlate with the formation time of this vortex.


Anintermediate-complexitymoistgeneralcirculationmodelisusedtoinvestigatetheforcingofstationarywavesin theNorthernHemisphereborealwinterbyland–seacontrast,horizontalheatfluxesintheocean,andtopography.The additivityoftheresponsetothesebuildingblocksisinvestigated.InthePacificsector,thestationarywavepatternisnotsimplythelinearadditivesumoftheresponsetoeachforcing.Infact,overthenortheastPacificandwesternNorth America, the sum of the responses to each forcing is actually opposite to that when all three are imposed simulta- neouslyduetononlinearinteractionsamongtheforcings.Thesourceofthenonlinearityisdiagnosedusingthezonally anomaloussteady-statethermodynamicbalance,anditisshownthatthebackground-statetemperaturefieldsetupbyeachforcingdictatesthestationarywaveresponsetotheotherforcings.Asallthreeforcingsconsideredherestrongly impact the temperature field and its zonal gradients, the nonlinearity and nonadditivity in our experiments can be explained, but only in a diagnostic sense. This nonadditivity extends up to the stratosphere, and also to surface temperature, where the sum of the responses to each forcing differs from the response if all forcings are included simultaneously. Only over western Eurasia is additivity a reasonable (though not perfect) assumption; in this sector land–sea contrast is most important over Europe, while topography is most important over western Asia. In other regions, where nonadditivity is pronounced, the question of which forcing is most important is ill-posed.


An approach to data analysis and matrix analysis is presented with the aid of a general algorithm to carry out data analysis, matrix decompositions, and computation of the generalized inverse. The algorithm represents a novel approach to common numerical and statistical analysis of data. It allows users to specify their views on data so that the solution may reflect the importance of different parts of data. The algorithm provides a unified method to analyze data, to decompose the matrix similar to the singular value decomposition, and to compute the generalized inverse. It is a fast and efficient way to handle numerical questions like solving linear equations or determining the rank of a matrix. The algorithm allows views on the column vectors, row vectors, and on both rows and columns. Different views on the data give different decompositions or solutions. Stopping rules are presented that can be used to identify the noise level in data. Some basic modelling questions are treated and applied to typical ...


Performing face detection and identification in low-resolution videos (e.g., surveillance videos) is a challenging task. The task entails extracting an unknown face image from the video and comparing it against identities in the gallery database. To facilitate biometric recognition in such videos, fusion techniques may be used to consolidate the facial information of an individual, available across successive low-resolution frames. For example, super-resolution schemes can be used to improve the spatial resolution of facial objects contained in these videos (image-level fusion). However, the output of the super-resolution routine can be significantly affected by large changes in facial pose in the constituent frames. To mitigate this concern, an adaptive frame selection technique is developed in this work. The proposed technique automatically disregards frames that can cause severe artifacts in the super-resolved output, by examining the optical flow matrices pertaining to successive frames. Experimental results demonstrate an improvement in the identification performance when the proposed technique is used to automatically select the input frames necessary for super-resolution. In addition, improvements in output image quality and computation time are observed. The paper also compares image-level fusion against score-level fusion where the low-resolution frames are first spatially interpolated and the simple sum rule is used to consolidate the match scores corresponding to the interpolated frames. On comparing the two fusion methods, it is observed that score-level fusion outperforms image-level fusion.


Automatic pain assessment systems based on facial videos are consistently studied due to the demand of robust and cost-effective pain management. In order to improve the assessment accuracy under the dynamic and uncertain pain assessment environment, we propose a novel pain assessment method, AUBN, based on facial action units (AUs) and Bayesian network (BN). Firstly, the key feature points of pain expression are extracted through constrained local neural field (CLNF) model, and then AUs with a large amount of pain information are identified. The AUs are labeled to form the sample data set, and the constraints on BN conditional probabilities are constructed from the qualitative expert knowledge. Then, the sample data set is fused with the constraint extended parameter set using the variable weight method. Finally, BN reasoning method is applied to achieve the recognition of facial pain expression. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms SLPM+MCSVM, TDSBP+SVM and LBV+CNN methods on recognition accuracy and can significantly improve the recognition performance of facial pain expression.


During an immune response the B lymphocytes main function is to produce antibodies in the specific defence against the pathogen. When naive B lymphocytes become activated by binding of an antigen, the cells differentiate to become antibody producing plasma cells. During this process, some cells form germinal centres after interaction with T lymphocytes, where the immunoglobuline (Ig) genes are differentiated, to evolve high affinity plasma cells or memory B lymphocytes. We have used the Burkitt lymphoma cell line Ramos to study the germinal centre reaction. Ramos cells are normally cultured in medium containing serum, but we have adapted Ramos cells to long-term survival in a serum-free medium. The serum-free cells are more sensitive to dilution, which indicates a production of autocrine growth factors. We have studied the gene expression changes that occur during adaption to serum-free media by global gene expression analysis, and we found several deregulated genes involved in cell-cycle regulation and apoptosis. We also identified a Ramos cell line deficient in MHC class II expression, resembling the situation during Bare lymphocyte syndrome. The cause of this deficiency is studied by examining the function of transcription factors regulating MHC class II expression. Germinal centre B lymphocytes are highly susceptible to apoptosis unless rescued by survival signals from T lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells. In an effort to study these interactions we have isolated and identified secreted extracellular proteins produced by serum-free Ramos cells. The expressions of these proteins were also examined in tonsil germinal centre B lymphocytes and the levels were compared with cells in the pre- and post-germinal centre stage of the tonsils. During the germinal centre reaction the antibody gene of B lymphocytes are differentiated through somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination. These events are dependent on the AID mediated cytidine deamination and involve different DNA repair systems, many of which involve error-prone polymerases. We have studied the function of one of these, Polymerase ?, by establishing mouse fibroblast cell lines deficient of the Rev3 subunit of Pol ?. Rev 3 deficient cells are more sensitive to cell cycle arrest caused by UV-radiation or cisplatin treatment than cells with a functional Pol ?, confirming a function of Pol ? in the translesion synthesis over DNA nicks and crosslinking lesions.


The synthesis of the novel analogues of myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, myo-inositol 1-phosphate 4,5-bisphosphorothioate and myo-inositol 1-phosphate 4,5pyrophosphate is reported; the latter was prepared via desulphurisation and intramolecular coupling.


The article discusses the theoretical foundations of the analysis and forecasting of financial risk in the banking sector in conditions of market uncertainty. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the growth of problem debts of commercial banks on loans to legal entities, individual entrepreneurs and individuals is currently the most relevant and debated issue in the banking community. The analysis of the dynamics of assets and the share of overdue loans in 2010–2021 has been carried out, trends in portfolio changes have been identified. The authors considered the advantages of using the VaR indicator as a measure of risk, noting that its weak side is the inability to assess extreme losses (in the tails) if the risk is realized in the range above the confi dence interval. The Perseptron program has been developed for forecasting the dynamics of the share of overdue loans in the portfolio of a commercial bank, which is formed on the Deductor platform. Quantization (grouping) of data was carried out using a neural network on the Deductor platform, which made it possible to identify certain patterns in the change in portfolio quality. It was revealed that the value of the share of overdue loans of commercial banks is influenced by many factors, including factors included in the AI-system, so four parameters are placed on the input layer of the perceptron (%): growth in assets, market share, change in the loan portfolio, dynamics of overdue loans. The output layer has one parameter: forecast of the share of overdue loans (%). In addition to the input layer, the neural network architecture has two hidden layers, and an output layer with one parameter. The neural network shows high forecast accuracy. The error rate for Post Bank was 1.2159 %. The authors consider a wide range of financial mathematics tools proposed by the authors in order to assess and minimize financial risks, including quantile hedging, deficit hedging with minimal risk, and optimal quadratic hedging.


Air data systems require costly calibration of their static pressure sensors to characterize errors caused by the act of flying. Altitude-based methods for measuring these so-called static position...


Background Recent research into the association between ADHD and hypersexuality has been extremely skewed toward male patients and contribute to stigma against individuals engaging in same sex sexual behaviors. We sought to expand research on this important relationship and to address these shortcomings. Methods Using data from the TriNetX database, we created two patient cohorts of patients 21 years or younger, separated by presence or absence of ADHD diagnosis. We analyzed disorders of sexual behavior, comorbid psychiatric illness, and medication type. Those with ADHD were subdivided into same-sex high risk sexual behavior (HRSB) and opposite-sex HRSB. The ADHD group was analyzed based on the presence or absence of any disorder of sexuality. The outcomes measured were disorders of sexual behavior, comorbid psychiatric illness, and medication type. Results In a study of 1,355,184 analyzed patient records, patients ADHD were more likely to have all measured outcomes. Orientation of HRSB did not impact for disorders of sexual behavior, but individuals with same-sex HRSB were at higher risk for comorbid psychiatric illness. Those with hypersexuality and ADHD were a higher risk for psychiatric illnesses. Conclusion Our study is the largest to date examining associations between hypersexual behaviors and ADHD. Increased awareness of this association may aid in addressing some problematic behaviors before they become detrimental to the individuals with ADHD or others within their lives.


The performance of a television transmitter has always been difficult to measure because the demodulator introduces distortions which may be identical to those being measured in the transmitter. Envelope demodulation of the vestigal sideband signal introduces quadrature distortion, which masks the distortions of the, transmitter. This paper describes a means by which a so-called 'transparent' demodulator has been developed. It also explains why this transparency is inherent and thus reliable.


Abstract : As the world evolves from the former bipolar relationship between the Soviet Union and the United States as the two major superpowers in the world to a multipolar world, it is critical to understand the basic value differences that exist in different societies. Our National Security Strategy states that the United States will "continue to make a real difference in the lives of our citizens by promoting a world of open societies and open markets that is supportive of U.S. interests and consistent with American values." Is this realistic? Should we actively attempt to export our values throughout the world? Do our views of a "just war" have universal application? Before we can answer these questions, we must first study these values and the differences in value structures in the world. The key value of separation of church and state will be described in the remainder of this paper. I will address four different models of the interplay of church and state: the Western Christian model of secularism, as in the United States; the Latin American model of secularism, influenced by Liberation Theology; the "Kemalist" model of secularism in predominately Islamic societies, as in the Republic of Turkey; and the Islamic Republic model, as seen in Iran. Finally, I will discuss some of the current developments in the world as they pertain to secularism and religious tolerance.


This thesis comprehensively examines the efficiency of the in-play betting markets for the 2010 FIFA World Cup. In-play betting markets provide an ideal setting to test efficiency. They are similar to the structure of traditional financial markets but are relatively free of confounding influences. I analyse the movement of the market odds by the second around each match event to describe how investors react to varying news events. I also develop non-parametric models that incorporate all available information to determine if the reactions are appropriate. Preliminary evidence suggests that in-play markets are highly efficient. Goals are the most significant event of a match, where the initial reaction of the market odds is very swift. However, there are anomalies identified in the betting markets. Specifically, mispricing is identified in the lay markets for loss contracts after the scoring of a goal. The mispricing is exploited for significant profits with simple trading strategies. This mispricing is explained with prospect theory. After the scoring of a goal, investors irrationally prefer backing the team to win, instead of laying the team to lose, when both contracts are essentially the same. This thesis contributes to the literature by demonstrating that models incorporating all match events more appropriately describe market returns than models that only incorporate significant events. I also examine the extent that the market considers out-of-play information when reacting to events. Investors seem to over-emphasise the relevance of outside information during a game, which causes deviations from the fundamental value of asset prices. These findings have important implications for future research. Sophisticated models are required to adequately describe market returns, though further analysis is required to determine which match events constitute the most explanatory power.


College students of Food and Beverage Management related disciplines in southern Taiwan were surveyed in order to investigate the influencing factors of students' nutritional knowledge, behaviors and attitudes. Eight hundred and fifty questionnaires were given with 723 returned and of which 584 were valid. Results showed that the overall percentage of correct answers on nutritional knowledge, attitudes and behaviors were 77.5%, 77.6% and 67.5%, respectively, which indicated that nutritional behaviors possessed by college students' were on fair ground. The location of institutes and residences, grade, age, academic system, food and beverage related working experiences had no significant effects. Students on metropolitan areas scored higher on nutritional attitudes and behaviors (P<0.001). Students who had taken related courses had better nutritional knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. Female students and professional certificate holders also had higher scores on nutritional knowledge and attitudes. Major sources of nutritional information were mass communication media (50.6%), followed by newspapers and magazines (21.0%), radio and TV (15.2%), while the Internet also received 14.4%. But the influences from schools (24.2%) and families (8.9%) education were decreased. There were positive correlation between nutritional knowledge and attitudes, so as attitudes and behaviors, similar positive relationship between knowledge and behaviors were also identified (p<0.01).


In this paper, we consider Cheeger's constant and the first eigen- value of the nonlinear Laplacian on a closed Finsler manifold. A Cheeger type inequality and a Buser type inequality are established for closed Finsler mani- folds. As an application, we obtain a Finslerian version of Yau's lower estimate for the first eigenvalue.


This article examines the historical development of Mapuche trade unionism in the baking industry during the 20thcentury in Santiago, Chile. We contend that this form of organization sought to resist the racism and labor conditions that Mapuche migrants to the city had to confront. In addition, we situate bakery trade unionism in the context of the broader history of political and organizational resistance to the multiple effects of Chilean colonia-lism, including the alienation resulting from forced migration, racializedlabor regimes, and anti-indigenous discrimination, which are also analyzed in the present text. Finally, we argue that the experience of the unionized Mapuche bakers brings together in a single strand the history of the workers' movement and the history of the Mapuche during the 20th century


Memory management is a concept for allocating user's processes into main memory. Since
the size of main memory is limited, so the best method should be selected to enable the
main memory to be allocated to as many as possible.
One of the method for allocating memory is paging. This method allows more processes
to be allocated into main memory by using swapping. These processes will be kept in
virtual memory and when it is needed, will be swap into main memory. In this report, it
will be focused on how all processes that are needed be allocated into main memory.
Hope that by this research can give a benefit for them to solve this allocated memory
problem.


In the last years the ternary stabilized zirconia ceramics have attracted a considerable attention as a source of materials for structural ceramics. In present paper, the simultaneous influence of Eu 3+ and Y 3+ cations on zirconia powders (obtained by co-precipitation of aqueous salts solutions) on stabilization process in conjunction with the structural characteristics was investigated.A conventional sintering method (in electric furnace) at 1350 °C temperature range was applied. SEM+EDAX and XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic) analysis were performed. The Eu + Mossbauer parameters: isomer shift and quadrupole splitting have been obtained for 21.6 keV radiation of 151 Eu are in good agreement with the XPS and XRD-obtained crystallographic data of the studied compositions.


This paper discusses a solution based on Web services and service oriented architecture involving interorganizational information systems in the context of multichannel integration in retailing industry. Distribution intensive industries such as retailing have seen a proliferation of distribution channels. This is in part triggered by the intense competition as well as the retailers' drive to reach the customers through all possible channels. As the number of channels for a retailer increases, managing the dynamics of customer behavior in the multichannel environment becomes complex. Customers have an option of interacting with retailers across a number of channels. Acquiring and retaining customers requires that relationship management applications should be able to accommodate the various channels. In this paper, we provide an overview of the benefits of using Web services in multichannel integration and related retail processes. We propose a reference service oriented architecture for usage of Web services involving inter and intra company systems for multichannel integration.


To achieve the goal of decreasing the harmonic level in the power grid, traditional shunt active power filter uses the methods such as triangular wave comparison and hysteresis comparator which overall exist some problems, for instance, poor ability of current tracking and low efficiency of DC voltage utilization that lead to bad compensation result. Therefore, we put forward another SVPWM based control strategy in which a relationship between the current reference instruction of active power filter and the voltage reference instruction of SVPWM is found via the topological structure of shunt active power filter. Then we can use SVPWM method to accurately track and compensate the harmonic current. Simulation and experimental results show that the control strategy can solve the above proposed problems and bring about very good harmonic compensation effect.


In this paper, a novel approach is introduced to let users extract knowledge from a raw dataset in an intuitive way and using their own vocabulary. The inner structure of a raw data set is first identified using a clustering algorithm, structure on which specificity-driven measures are defined to extract the most informative knowledge. To let domain experts interact with the cluster-based structure and its embedded knowledge, a graphical visualisation is proposed as well as dedicated query operators.


Summary We propose a dual frequency phase difference objective function specially designed for land data FWI. It is constructed by calculating the phase difference between two selected frequencies for both simulated and observed data respectively, then minimizing the difference between the phase differences. Comparing to other FWI objective functions, the advantages of our method are: first, by carefully select the interval between the two frequency, we can always keep the phase differences inside one cycle (2π) thus avoid cycle skipping; second, because it only use the phase information of the wave field, it has very high tolerance to unreliable amplitude in observed data; finally, this method is independent to source and receiver signature thus eliminating the need to invert them. These advantages especially last two are particularly important to land data FWI because: first, land data is generally much more noisy than marine data and its amplitude is more unreliable; second, it is common for land data that sources and receivers have their own signatures because of different coupling conditions, therefore a source/receiver signature independent method is a must for land data FWI. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method using a model data set and two field data sets (Inner Mongolia 2D and Pre-Caspian basin 3D).


Cellulosic fibres are characterized by good properties among other properties to use generating comfort. However, during use and maintenance, it is also seen capacity shrinkage, wrinkling and little wrinkle recovery. These properties are not desirable and are achieved by applying crosslinkers to the fibre. So far, the most widely used product is the dimetildihidroxietilenurea (DMDHEU) whose main drawback is the release of formaldehyde, a product that has created discord to be considered in some quarters as a carcinogen. .


Meticulous interpretation of the ECGs of patients with cardiac resynchronization defibrillator therapy (CRT‐D) device is important to ensure optimal synchronization of both the chambers. We present the ECGs of such a patient who was noted to have different morphologies of the biventricular‐paced QRS depending in atrial‐sensed (A‐sensed) or atrial‐paced (A‐paced) rhythm.


Most evolutionary algorithms not only throw out insufficiently good solutions, but forget all information they obtained from their evaluation, which reduces their speed from the information theory point of view. An evolutionary algorithm which does not do that, the 1+(λ,β) EA was recently proposed by Doerr, Doerr and Ebel. We evaluate this algorithm on the problem of finding hard tests for maximum flow algorithms. Experiments show that the 1+(λ,β) EA is never the best, but is quite stable. However, its adaptive version, known for being superior for the OneMax problem, is shown to be one of the worst.


ABSTRACT A ragweed leaf beetle, Ophraella communa (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), has been highlighted as a potential biological control agent of Ambrosia artemisiifolia. O. communa and A. artemisiifolia are native in North America and alien species in East Asia and Europe. As an invasive weed, A. artemisiifolia causes severe economic losses as reducing agricultural production as well as producing severe allergenic pollen. As an herbivore insect, O. communa has strong host preference on A. artemisiifolia. All the developmental stages of O. communa can be found on A. artemisiifolia and it attacks a single plant in repeated and extended manners. With few individuals on A. artemisiifolia, O. communa can completely defoliate before pollen production. Therefore, O. communa had been focused as a biological control of this invasive weed, but its introduction was denied because of possible damage on an important crop, Helianthus annuus. O. communa was accidentally introduced in East Asia and Europe in 1990s and 2010s, respectively. Fortunately, O. communa population was well established to suppress A. artemisiifolia in the introduced areas. Following detailed field surveys and host specificity tests of O. communa were conducted and proved a strong potential of O. communa as a biological control agent of A. artemisiifolia. Moreover, O. communa has been investigated in physiological and evolutionary studies. In this study, the potential of O. communa as a biological control agent and a study organism are reviewed.


Sports events are provided with both the social beneficial and social commercial characteristics.To develop sports events,we must not only turn the social beneficial behavior of the investment principals into the profit driven social commercial behavior based on the conception of market economy,but also value the characteristics of communication,influence and pervasion of this kind of special cultural phenomenon,so that sports event can not only build a huge market platform for meeting the needs of people for sport consumption,but also achieve various goals such as influencing,boosting and enhancing citizen's comprehensive makings,government running environment and social environment,and establishing the development awareness and harmonious conceptions which are consistent with the sustainable development of the society,via the spiritual essence advocated by sport as well as the pervasion of cultural conceptions of various practical activities,thus realizing joint development of sports events and improving social software environment.


The cross section for the reaction /sup 12/C(e, p)/sup 12/B has been measured at incident electron energies of E/sub 0/ = 21, 25, 35, 45, and 55 MeV at three different detection angles theta = 55/sup 0/, 90/sup 0/, and 125/sup 0/. This experiment provides new data for an estimate on the influence of electron-induced processes in the formation of /sup 11/B from /sup 12/C in astrophysical sites with large densities of high-energy electrons.


In management and institutional development, modification of the Islamic education curriculum is a must because of the times' demands and globalization's development. Therefore, pesantren need curriculum and learning management that follows the needs of the times and becomes a bridge for achieving the vision and mission of the institution. This article seeks to understand the form of curriculum and learning management in the context of modernizing the education and learning governance system in line with the times at Tarbiyatul Mu'allimien Al-Islamiyah (TMI) Al-Amien Prenduan. The approach used in this study is a qualitative research approach with a case study type of research. At the same time, the data analysis technique used in this study is the data analysis technique of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, which consists of data condensation, data display, and data verification. The results of the study show that the distinctiveness of the modernization of Islamic educational institutions through curriculum management and learning at Tarbiyatul Mu'allimien Al-Islamiyah (TMI) Al-Amien Prenduan is carried out through external benchmarking activities in the fields of curriculum development and learning, curriculum development and program variations, and organizing education compelling character. The application of curriculum and learning management at TMI Wanita Al-Amien Prenduan also refers to three essential activities in students' daily lives. These activities are organized into intra-curricular, extra-curricular, and co-curricular activities.


Due to human interference degree of big differences,its landscape features change obviously from upper to lower in Jinsha river watershed.With data acquisition and spatial analysis function,GIS provides a good technical support for comparative analysis of landscape characteristics for different section in the watershed.TM remote sensing image was used for land-use type classification.And based on it,overlap function and spatial statistics of ArcGIS were taken to study the relation between landscape characteristics and population density area of open-pit mines,by dividing the basin into three sections(i.e.upstream,midstream and downstream).Study conclusions:①major vegetation within the basin includes forestry,shrub grassland and xerophytic cultivated plants and the three sections significantly differ from each other:forestry is densely distributed in upper section,shrub in middle section and xerophytic cultivated plants in lower section;②the spatial distribution rule of landscape fragmentation level is:middle sectionlower sectionupper section;③ the spatial distribution landscape fragmentation level is in proportion to population density area of open-pit mines:middle section has the highest population density and the largest number of open-pit mines,where the landscape is most seriously divided and patches are the most complicated;④based on the previous conclusions,proposals for management,protection and control in different sections are provided:middle section-key zone of ecological environment management,upper section – key zone of ecological environment protection,lower section-key zone of ecological environment restoration and control.


A Harrogate pharmacist has been ordered to repay £38,000 or face prison after she stole from her employer. Vanessa Jane Hoyle, 45, of Arthurs Close, ...


Industry's evaluation of the responsibilities and contributions of education and some suggestions for its reconversion to a peacetime status are discussed in this article. It was written in response to a number of requests addressed to the authors by colleges seeking advice and criticism about proposed engineering curricula.


ALMOST all discussions of suffering concern themselves with what we may style its negative side ; very few of them speak of the positive aspects of suffering. And in taking this approach they are undoubtedly dealing with the subject in the way in which it presents itself to most of us, certainly when it is felt as a ' ' problem '. The typical questions are, ' How can we reconcile suffering, which is a bad thing, with a loving God ? ' and Why should there be such unspeakable suffering in a world that is ordered towards the achievement of a good end ? ' Thus suffering is usually classified with natural catastrophes, disease, moral wickedness, and the like ; it is placed in the category of evil. For the theist such evil requires a theodicy-some way to justify God's way with men ' and with the world. The atheist is in a different position, of course, since he does not think about a good God who in some fashion is preeminently the causal agency in the world but assumes that the world is an aimless process, even if a mechanically ordered one. For him evil is a fact, not a problem. Yet my observation leads me to think that for him too the negative aspects of evil, and particularly of suffering, are the more frequently considered. Among the few treatments of suffering which have concentrated on the positive side one of the most suggestive in recent years is a brief essay by Professor Daniel Day Williams, entitled ' Suffering and Being in Empirical Theology ', published in 1970 in The Future of Empirical Theology (University of Chicago Press). I have learned much from this essay, which has considerably influenced my own thinking ; and I wish here to call it to the attention of the reader of the present essay. Before we turn to some significant positive points in respect to suffering, it is important to insist that the reality, the horror, and the evil quality of suffering are not to be minimized. There is always a danger that those who wish to stress a


when undergoing sickness, the human body sends out warning signals from different parts, especially the ones which are directly connected with outside world, such as fever, tonsillitis, and otitis media. Our topic is aimed to discover otitis media at home using plug-in otoscope to exhibit visual image from the inside and design a system following Depth-First Search Algorithm to analyze these images as real-time otitis media image interpretation for parents, clinics, and pediatrician.


Traditionally search engines have returned the same results to everyone who asks the same question. However, using a single ranking for everyone in every context at every point in time limits how well a search engine can do in providing relevant information. In this talk I present a framework to quantify the "potential for personalization" which we use to characterize the extent to which different people have different intents for the same query. I describe several examples of how we represent and use different kinds of contextual features to improve search quality for individuals and groups. Finally, I conclude by highlighting important challenges in developing personalized systems at Web scale including privacy, transparency, serendipity, and evaluation.


(0.1) A row vector a = (ax, a2,...,am) is always represented by a Greek letter and its elements by lower case italics. A matrix (a{?) consisting of n rows and m columns is denoted by a capital letter. Thus A = (a^). (0.2) The row vectors in A are represented by ax,..., an and the column vectors by /?!,...,?m. The rank of the matrix A is equal to the number of independent vectors in the a set which is same as that in the ? set. (0.3) Any vector of m elements can be represented by a linear combination of a set of m independent vectors each of m elements.


The symposium on laboratory shear testing of soils, sponsored by ASTM Committee D-18 on soils for engineering purposes and the National Research Council of Canada, was held in four sessions from September 9 to 11, 1963 in Ottawa, Canada. T. William Lambe presents a general report on the papers in the second session of the symposium. The symposium was entitled "Stress Variation and Pore Pressures." Dr. Blight's paper is concerned with nonuniform distribution of pore pressure which tends to occur during the triaxial testing of fine-grained soils. Mr. Crawford is also primarily concerned with variations in pore pressure throught a test specimen during shear. The Biggs paper is the only one concerned with partially saturated soils. It describes the test equipment and test procedure for determining the negative pore water pressure existing in a compacted soil. The Henkel and Sowa paper presents the results of triaxial tests on the Weald clay in which both isotropic and anisotropic types of initial consolidation are employed. Mr. Simons presents the results from six different types of triaxial tests on five undistrubed clays to show that the shearing resistance with respect to effective stress is essentially independent of the stress path followed to failure, provided the failure criterion of maximum principal effective stress ratio is employed. Konder and Zelasko show empirically that the influence of void ratio on the response to a sand tested in triaxial compression with octahedral normal stress controlled can be expressed in terms of a two-constant hyperbolic stress-strain relation. Jurez-Badillo develops an expression for the excess pore pressure in a stressed soil in terms of the normal and shear stresses on the octahedral plane. The Poorooshasb and Roscoe paper describes a graphical technique for predicting the strain undergone by a normally consolidated specimen of saturated, remolded kaolinite when subjected to a stress increment in a triaxial compression test. These reviews are followed by a brief discussion.


On the basis of biology and social psychology, this paper study the maternity with personal giving birth experience to show various creating styles. The study focuses on the complement of symbol meanings to the theme idea following with integrating the belief in goodness and ancient reproduction symbols into art creations. Through the aesthetic theory and the study on creation works of western female artists Cassette and Carol and Taiwanese female artist Hsieh Hung Chun, this paper further analyzes the impact on creators themselves. The aesthetic framework of creation reflects the creator's life experience and beauty. Likewise, the subject matter drives the feelings in accordance with the intent for creation. The design and placement of the painting foreshadow the creator's imaginary and have a great influence on the overall atmosphere of art creations. The manipulation of white space is deemed a color application and the key to switch spaces and times. In addition, the coloring is a crucial factor to create an attractive art piece. The discussion of the texture of ink painting material and wrinkle technique is another point for this study. The creator attempts to combine traditional method of ink painting with specific skills to develop a new wrinkle technique.


The relevant topic of the professional choice of young people and the problems of their employment are reviews in this article. Young people have to face various problems in such areas as lack of housing, difficulties in adapting to the economic environment and uneven social distribution. Employment of young people, their adaptation and preparation for professional activities are still key tasks. The solu-tion of which will ensure the implementation of many directions in increasing the socio-economic indicators of the country. The indicator of the em-ployment of university graduates in their specialty is one of the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of an educational institution. The result of the educa-tional policy of the university is the employment of a graduate who is able to respond to changes in gov-ernment, social policy and the labor market.


A.ARTICLES METAL WITH A PEARL APPEARANCE AND METHOD OF PREPARATION. bA ITEMS ARE OBTAINED BY COATING MEDIUM METALLIC PAINT WITH CLEAR WITH PIGMENT SHELL SHAPED FINE GLITTER THE PEARL PIGMENT BEING cOMPOUND MOTHER CHOSE IN WITH GROUP: 1) OXIDE AND SALT ELEMENTS OF GROUPESIV ETV THE PERIODIC TABLE AND 2) OF COMPOSITE PRODUCTS CONTAINING MICA AND THE cOMPOUND SHELL PRECIPITATE ON MICA THUS ON SUPPORT mETAL A CLEAR PAINT COATING AND REGULARLY IN WHICH THE pEARL PIGMENT IN GLITTER IS AVAILABLE IN THE FORM AND THEN LAMINAR SUBSTANTIALLY DRYING OF FORM AND PAINT COATING ON mETAL SUPPORT FOR mETAL SECTION. C.ARTICLES DECORATIONS FOR VARIOUS.


Several prominent educational institutions have recently increased their use of team-based projects to both enhance learning and aid in assessment. We present some of our ongoing research into the use of project-based learning for the instruction of applied probability and stochastic processes at the high school, undergraduate, and graduate levels. In particular, we will demonstrate how "real-world" multimedia modules may be integrated into the curriculum of existing educational programs to enhance learning. This includes the effective formation of teams, use of communication technologies, and the evaluation of various student reporting mechanisms. When implemented in a team-based setting, these modules have been shown to effectively aid students in conceptualizing key elements of probability and promote knowledge transfer beyond the presented contexts.


Lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), a lipid signalling molecule, activates GPR55 and elevates intracellular Ca2+. Here, we examine the actions of LPI in the rat resistance mesenteric artery and Ca2+ responses in endothelial cells isolated from the artery.


This introductory essay contextualizes and meditates on the three articles—Bhattacharya, Day, and Waller—presented in this special section on "Knowledge Management in Postmodern Society." In the process it reflects on following points: (1) the capacity the university had in the past to incorporate the irregular and its loss in the contemporary university, (2) the devaluation of humanities and social sciences because of the reduction of the narrative as well as the reflective and critical thinking to mere doxa, (3) the competition from mass media on university's traditional role in knowledge dissemination and the building of the public sphere, (4) the oscillation of academy between Taylorism and post-Taylorism, (5) the possible role students can play in overcoming crisis faced by the university, and (6) the evolution of the binomial writing/reading in the shift to digitalization and the information society.


Ase with Carbon Trap Combined with an Immunoassay as a Fast and Reliable Screening Method to Detect Polychlorinated-P-Dioxins and Furans from Soil Samoles


A voltage trimming circuit of a semiconductor apparatus includes a first voltage trimming part, a second voltage trimming part, and a control part. The first voltage trimming part generates a first trimming standard voltage by trimming a first standard voltage having first properties to temperature based on a first trimming signal. The second voltage trimming part generates a second trimming standard voltage by trimming a second standard voltage having second properties to temperature based on a second trimming signal. The control part generates a final trimming standard voltage by trimming a voltage which is formed by a potential difference between the first trimming standard voltage and the second trimming standard voltage based on a selection signal. [Reference numerals] (100) First voltage trimming part; (200) Second voltage trimming part; (300) Control part


Dental practices can avoid catastrophic data loss, HIPAA violations by a network failure or breach by taking the proper precautions.


Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has evolved into a system for provision of traffic information and traffic control with the help of advanced IT technologies [...]


The adoption of international standards is essential to producing internationally comparable official statistics. However, as the particular case of the adoption of SDG indicators demonstrates, this is by no means a linear process. According to FAO's SDG data gap assessment conducted in 2019 and other statistical capacity assessment reports (e.g. World Bank, AfDB…), financial, professional and technological capacities of national statistical agencies vary greatly between countries and regions, as does the level of political support and commitment to statistics. These differences call for more targeted interventions by international institutions to support the uptake of statistical standards. To face this challenge, FAO is increasingly building the capacity of its regional and country offices to better mainstream food and agricultural statistics in regional and national cooperation strategies and activities, while also stepping up its resource mobilization efforts. Regional roadmaps are currently being rolled out to support countries in adopting food- and agriculture-related SDG indicators and other statistical standards, taking into consideration regional particularities, the impact of UN reform, action plans developed by UN Regional Commissions and other relevant regional partnership opportunities. This paper will highlight some of the key regional differences in countries' capacity to adapt to statistical standards, describe FAO's regional targeted interventions in the context of food and agricultural statistics, and discuss the remaining main challenges.


In 115 consecutive cataract extractions with implantation of arteficial lens a clinical evaluation of absorbable sutures ‐ polyglactin (910) (Vicryl® 7‐0) and polyglycolic acid (Dexon® 8‐0) — in corneolimbal incision has been performed. The corneolimbal wounds were closed by continuous suture technique with one double loop knot at the 12 o'clock and 5–6 loops on each side of the 12 o'clock knot. The suture had disappeared after 8 weeks in 95% of the eyes.


Intellectual capital approach becomes critical at universities, mainly due to the fact that knowledge is the main output as well as input in these institutions. This prompted us to raise the need to disclose information on their intellectual capital. Our results represent a starting point for higher education institutions to identify what is the most requested information about intellectual capital, and therefore to develop an intellectual capital report. The logical conclusion of our study is the presentation of a proposal of intellectual capital report for Spanish universities.


In the first half of 1972 a 750 MNm 3 /y hydrogen and 320 MNm 3 /y synthesis gas production unit was started up in plant Chemicke zavody Litvinov. Till 1987 the technology was based on gasification residues from atmospheric distillation of crude oil imported from the USSR in Shell 600 generators. Since 1988 vacuum distillation residues were used for this gasification


The article describes and comments on the concept of the musical movement, the main ideas of which were formulated and substantiated by Aida Aylamazyan, psychologist and head of the Center for the Musical Movement "Heptahor". The author believes that in this case we are dealing with one of the new forms of experimental life, which in a peculiar way combines an unconventional art form (serious music and dance), a new way of life, partly opposing the established sociality, contributing to the formation of a new personality, as well as an organic symbiosis of alternative learning and self-education. The peculiarities of the practice of musical movement are characterized. The position is formulated that the musical movement demonstrates a new vital and artistic reality in which music is structured (articulated) by the dance movement, and dance is music.   Two ideological turns (psychological and social) and the problem of a new anthropological synthesis, which contributed to new ideas and ideas, are considered. Aylamazyan needed an anthropological synthesis in order to comprehend the practice of the musical movement. It includes three areas of work: criticism of ballet as an example of the traditional understanding of dance and the person in it; characterization of the specifics of a new, free dance and its formation; the concept of a person who meets the practice of musical movement. The latter includes four conceptual ideas: 1) a new interpretation of the relationship between music and dance movements as two sides of one whole, 2) relates dance movements and the experience of music to the individual and partly to the dance community, 3) includes the practices of musical movement in a broader whole of culture, sociality, art, 4) interprets the practice of musical movement, including as learning and self-education processes.


T42 trichoderma sp. and Bs-6 Bacillus subtilis significantly inhibite hyphal growth and spore germination of Fusarium oxysporium and Rhizoctonia solani, which are the main diseases strawberry suffers in continuous cropping. Pot and field experiments were carried out on effect of a complex T42 and Bs-6 bio-preparation in controlling strawberry diseases. Results showed that it significantly enhanced the vegetative and reproductive growths of strawberry, reduced the dead seedling rate from 52.9% to 14.5%, increased the yield by 111%, and significantly improved quality of the fruit in comparison with that in the untreated control.


During the 1960's, as the importance of the space environment was recognized, it became apparent that space systems technologies needed to be developed at a rapid rate. The Department of Defense (DoD) realized that before developing and deploying space systems for operational use, the needed to be tested in space. At that time no organization of funds were readily available to provide timely spaceflight for military space systems. As a result, the DoD Space Test Program (STP) was created in 1966 by a memorandum from the Director of Defense Research and Engineering (DDR&E). The purpose of this program was to provide flight opportunities for all DoD research and development activities in an economic and efficient manner. For a payload to be flown by STP it must first be sponsored by a DoD organization. The payload is then briefed through a series of service review boards until it reaches the DoD level. The DoD Space Experiment Review Board (SERB) makes the final selections and gives STP a ranked list of payloads to attempt to fly. This process happens annually, and STP flies as many payloads as funding and opportunity allow.


Guy vs. Kisame!! Kakashi vs. Itachi!!! We finally learn what may be happening to Gaara and what might also be in store for Naruto, when they both come face to face with a devious common enemy...the Akatsuki!


This research detects the random position with received signal strength (RSS) method based on the received power in the room with a size of 5×5×3 cubic meter and several numbers of light emitting diode (LEDs). The first scenario uses 4 LEDs, the second scenario uses 6 LEDs and the third scenario uses 8 LEDs. Random points as the detector are placed spread at the room as many as 25 points. The simulation result shows that the use of more LEDs reduces the positioning error and increases the accuracy. If the accuracy reduces, the positioning error increase and affect the detection results. Using 8 LEDs, the number of the detected random point increases 30%, the positioning error is 47%, and the accuracy increase from 33%.  In addition, our research is useful for finding the locations of small items such as sensors that are scattered in a closed room.


Trends of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) mortality and of many of their determinants in Spain from 1940–1988 resemble those of other Mediterranean countries and some Western countries with a lag of 10 years. Mortality from IHD Increased from 1955 to 1975 and then declined. This trend affected both sexes and almost all age groups. Tobacco smoking increased from 3.2 g per capita per day in 1940 to 8 g per capita per day in the mid-1970s and then levelled off. The prevalence of smoking has decreased in all ages among men but has Increased among women over the last 15 years. Since 1940 there has been a steady increase in the intake of meat and dairy products and a moderate rise of eggs, fish and sunflower oil. Consumption of olive oil has remained relatively constant. These trends have been translated into an increase of total lipid intake and of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol over the period 1940–1988. The number of physicians, primary health care centres, cardiac function diagnostic facilities, heart operations and the consumption of cardiovascular drugs have also Increased since the mid- 1970s. The authors conclude that the reduction in smoking among men and the improvement of the health care system may have contributed to the decline in IHD mortality rates in Spain since 1975.


Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics and trends of bacillary dysentery in Zhangjiagang and to provide relevant evidence for the formulating of its prevention and control measures.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of bacillary dysentery in Zhangjiagang,which was collected from national disease surveillance report system from 2004 to 2009.Results 484 dysentery cases were reported from 2004 to 2009,with anual mean incidence 5.63/105,and showed a descending trend year by year.Cases were reported in all age group,and mainly consisted of 0-year-old to 4-year-old groups(26.65%).The occupational distribution of the cases were predominantly living-scattered children and peasants(46.90%).Obvious seasonal variation was found that most of the cases were reported in June and September(64.88%).Conclusion A descending epidemic trend of bacillary dysentery has been suggested in Zhangjiagang,which was much lower than the level of the developed countries.But the extensive existence of its risk factors suggested the prevention and control measures,such as health education,etcs.,should be continued.


Donald A. Darling Corona del Mar, California We transform a class of optimal stopping problems to problems of finding fixed points of certain transformations, and show that the classical iterative solutions to the latter yield approximations to the value of the corresponding optimal stopping problem. We give upper and lower bounds on the value as functions of the number of iterations, and numerically treat two examples: the well known Sn/n problem, and the coupon collector problem, which is solved exactly and numerically compared to the iterative approximations ?


This study estimates earnings function parameters across alternative occupational paths, with an emphasis on identifying rates of return to post-school human capital investment. Based on cross-sectional and synthetic cohort analysis using the 1973–2000 Current Population Surveys, estimates are obtained for men and women on the returns to schooling and the investment intensity, length, and returns from post-school training. Although the shapes of wage-experience profiles differ substantially across occupations and skill groups, evidence supports the theoretical prediction that rates of return are equivalent across alternative investment paths. Little evidence is found for an increase in returns to post-school training over time. By the 1990s, returns to schooling had risen to a level similar to the returns from post-school training.


Useful heating apparatus and method for stretching an ultra high molecular weight polyolefin fibers such as polyethylene fibers. The heating device includes a first set of rolls, and a plurality of aligned ovens. The apparatus includes a second set of rolls at the exit of the oven, these rolls are made to provide the desired draw of the polyolefin fibers. The apparatus and method, preferably using a four or six horizontal oven to achieve a single drawing step in a heated environment.


type="main" xml:id="smj2253-abs-0001"> Drawing on social comparison theory, this study examines the relationship between politically connected boards and top executive pay. Moreover, given the socialist orientation of China, tests are also carried out to establish the relationship between politically connected directors and pay dispersion across the firm. We find a negative association between politically connected boards and top executive pay. We also find that politically connected boards are negatively associated with pay dispersion, i.e., the higher the number of political directors on the board the smaller the gap between top executive pay and average employee pay. Finally, our study shows that politically connected directors weaken the pay-performance link. These findings have important theoretical, policy, and managerial implications. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


: The study, based on archival sources, printed materials and professional literature, presents one of the chapters in the history of leisure activities in the environment of a priestly seminary – alumnat/seminarium in České Budějovice. The theologians of the seminary in České Budějovice did not spend all their time only studying the theological and philosophical sciences or praying in the chapel. In the schedule of the day, they also had time for so-called recreation. How did they fulfil it? We can divide these activities into several areas, physical activities - today we would say sports activities, hobby activities, passive and active cultural activities, which consisted mainly of organising various academies, theater performances, singing performances, etc. Their leisure time activities included also individual reading or conversation. As this study documents with concrete examples, these leisure activities reflected the spirit of the time and the specifics of the life of future priests in the alumnat/seminarium more than a hundred years ago.


An analytical model that seeks to represent metal circulations is inside a molten pool is studied. To characterize these circulation effects, the model uses higher-order terms. The authors present a study of the nature of this model, and compare some simulation runs with actual welds. For accurate representation of the weld, not only are nominal values such as penetration-depth and top-width important, but the shape of the weld section is important too. The shape of the weld is a good indication of the 'goodness' of the weld. A flexible and user-friendly user interface to the proposed analytical weld model is presented. The interface allows simulation runs of the model to be displayed against the shape of the actual welds.<<ETX>>


The long wavelength emission of protostellar objects is commonly attributed to a disk of gas and dust around the central protostar. In the rst stages of disk accretion or in the case of high mass protostars, the disk mass is likely to be suciently large, so that the disk self-gravity may have an impact on the dynamics and the emission properties of the disk. In this paper we describe the spectral energy distribution (SED) produced by a simple, non-flaring, self-gravitating accretion disk model. Self-gravity is included in the calculation of the rotation curve of the disk and in the energy balance equation, as a term of eective heating related to Jeans instability. In order to quantify in detail the requirements on the mass of the disk and on the accretion rate posed on the models by realistic situations, we compare the SEDs produced by these models with the observed SEDs of a small sample of well-studied protostellar objects. We nd that relatively modest disks { even lighter than the central star { can lead to an interesting t to the infrared SED of the FU Orionis objects considered, while in the case of T Tauri stars the required parameters fall outside the range suggested as acceptable by the general theoretical and observational scenario. On the basis of the present results, we may conclude that the contribution of a self- gravitating disk is plausible in several cases (in particular, for FU Orionis objects) and that, in the standard irradiation, dominated disk scenario, it would help soften the requirements encountered by Keplerian accretion models.


This talk is about how to avoid turning swords into Superfund sites. The problem we address is the potential conflict between the desire to take advantage of the greater international security brought by the end of the Cold War by entering arms control agreements requiring various military weapons to be dismantled, and the desire to avoid further degrading the environment in the process of destroying them. We will use as an illustration of these issues the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), which is intended to cause the destruction of all chemical weapons in the world. First, we will provide a brief overview of the CWC, then we will focus in on its environmental provisions, and, finally, we will discuss potential conflicts with United States law and how they might be resolved.


ABSTRACT This article investigates the impact of institutional variables on economic activity (GDP) in 19 Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) countries, covering the period 1999–2016. We utilise Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to construct a hybrid measure of economic freedom, and the Random Effect model to estimate the causalities. The analysis shows that many CEE countries have improved their institutional setting, especially the control of corruption. The regression results indicate that the control of corruption and democracy have a positive and significant impact on the GDP. Also, political stability promotes growth, while the quality of regulation is statistically insignificant. Finally, the rule of law and economic freedom accelerate economic growth. Overall, the legal framework, political stability and economic freedom shape the economic reality in the CEE region. We conclude that institutions matter for growth in the CEE countries.


The functionalist approaches to translation research were developed in the 1980s in reaction to the rather restricted focus of the earlier approaches to translation research. In this paper, I highlight the thrust and some shortcomings of these earlier approaches to translation research, and then review the contributions of the functionalist approaches, underlining their major postulations, critiques against them and their contributions to translation research.


Abstract This study focuses on the optimization and application of mill scale–derived magnetite particles for the adsorptive removal of arsenic (As) from groundwater. The reverse coprecipitation me...


I would like to correct an impression that may have been given by Linda Sbaih in her article, Mental Health Act: detention in A&E (Clinical, January 6).


Methyl n-propyl ketone (MNPK) at 21°C. and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) at 46°C. are found to be theta conditions for a styrene–butadiene copolymer rubber commercially designated as SBR-1500. Data for specific refractive index increment and density indicate that these solvents are appropriate for ultracentrifugation of this polymer by the method of schlieren optics. Sedimentation measurements are made on one whole polymer and six fractions in MNPK at 21°C. It is demonstrated that in this theta solvent the distribution of sedimentation coefficient s (at the limit of zero concentration) of a given SBR-1500 can be determined, with a good accuracy, from a single sedimentation run at one nonzero concentration below 0.4 g./dl. A relation between s and molecular weight M necessary to convert this distribution of s to the distribution of M is derived by making use of the theory of Flory which correlates s limiting viscosity number, and M. It is believed that the theta conditions and the procedure of analysis presented in this paper are readily utilized for heterogeneity studies on this particular type of synthetic rubber SBR-1500.


This purpose of this research is to develop the web based Final Project Student MIS application for electrical engineering students at Bandung of State Polytechnic in handling the final project students. The system is called the MIS SePaKaT TA (Sistem Pengambilan Keputusan Terpadu Tugas Akhir). The process of implementation of the system is based on the Waterfall Method that is a breakdown of project activities into linear sequential phases, where each phase depends on the deliverables of the previous one and corresponds to a specialization of tasks. The Final Project Student MIS Application is a best solution because it's support on time correctly without delays and informing online all classified users. In addition, the system provides with Decision Support System (DSS) to decide students eligible for examination based on requirements. Other advantages of the system is less paper usage and less people to manage.


The diverse properties of rare earth elements have seen broad and growing applications in clean energy technologies, hybrid vehicles, pollution control, optics, refrigeration, and so on. This study presents a "cradle-to-gate" life cycle assessment of the energy use, resource depletion, and global warming potential resulting from the production of rare earth elements (REEs) using the Bayan Obo rare earth operation in Inner Mongolia, China, as a representative system. The study aggregates data from the literature, LCI databases, and reasonable estimations. A novel economic value-based allocation method for the multiple coproducts of the process is proposed. It is found that four of the high priced REEs scandium, europium, terbium, and dysprosium have very high GWPs from production relative to the rest. A mass-based allocation is also provided for comparison. Impacts on immediate local environment from waste streams that can be toxic are not included in this study.


The Annual Meeting of the Association was held in Manchester from Wednesday, April 9th to Saturday April 12th. The meeting was very well attended. The President Mr W J Langford was in the Chair. The following elections to Honorary Memberships were made by Council. William Charles Fletcher C.B., M.A. William Hope-Jones. B.A. Charles Orpen Tuckey. M.A. George Neville Watson. F.R.S. In reporting the elections the President recalled the services which the new Honorary Members had given to their subject and to the Association. Mr. W C. Fletcher was a Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge and Second Wrangler in 1886, and H. M. Chief Inspector of Secondary Schools 1904-1926. In 1909 he drafted the famous Ministry of Education Circular 711 on the Teaching of Geometry and in 1912 the 2 Volume Report on the Teaching of Mathematics. He was President in 1939 and held office until 1944. Mr. W Hope-Jones was a Scholar of Eton and Exhibitioner of King's College, Cambridge, and a Wrangler in 1906. He returned to Eton in 1907 where he remained for the next 43 years. He has been a member of the Association since 1917 and was President in 1938. Mr C. O. Tuckey, was a Major Scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, and a Wrangler. After four years teaching at Winchester he became Senior Mathematics Master at Charterhouse where he remained for 37 years. He played at Wimbledon and is the husband of, and father of, Wimbledon championship winners. He joined the Association in 1902 and has been a member of the Teaching Committee ever since, and Chairman of the Committee for a great many years. He was President in 1944. Dr. G. N Watson was Senior Wrangler in 1907 and Professor of Mathematics in the University of Birmingham from 1918 to 1951. He was awarded the Sylvester Medal of the Royal Society in 1946 and the Dr Morgan Medal of the London Mathematical Society in 1947 He has been a member of the Association since 1913 and a regular contributor to the Gazette for over 50 years. He was President in 1932 and 1933. Mr. A. W. Siddons was a pupil of Rawdon Levett at King Edward's School, Birmingham, Scholar and Fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge, Wrangler in 1898, and Mathematics Master, and Senior Mathematics Master at Harrow for nearly 41 years. He


Such criticism sounds, at the very least, unconvincing, since earlier, in 1927, Lev Semenovich had written: We must determine what we can, and must, get from Marxism …. The teachers of Marxism can give us not the solution to a question, not even working hypotheses (since they have their roots in the soil of the particular science), but a method for constructing such hypotheses. I do not want to find out what the mind can gather on a free ride through a pair of quotation marks; I want to learn the whole of Marx's method, how to build a science, how to approach the study of the mind … What we need is not disconnected statements, but a method.


Microscopic aspects of magnetism and superconductivity have been studied in the heavy-fermion superconducting alloy systems (U,Th)Be/sub 13/ and (U,Th)Pt/sub 3/ using the technique of positive-muon (..mu../sup +/) spin rotation and relaxation (..mu..SR). In U/sub 1/minus//ital x//Th/sub /ital x//Be/sub 13/, /ital x/=0.033, a striking increase of zero-field Kubo-Toyabe relaxation rate sigma/sub KT/ is observed below the temperature /ital T//sub /ital c/2//congruent/0.4 K at which a second phase transition occurs in the superconducting state. This jump is firm evidence for the onset of weak static magnetism below /ital T//sub /ital c/2/. The observed increase of /similar to/1.5 Oe in the ..mu../sup +/ local field corresponds to an effective moment of 10/sup /minus/3/--10/sup /minus/2/ ..mu../sub /ital B///U atom.


Wen Xin Diao Long is a great theoretical monograph which comprehensively studies the basic principles and artistic approaches of literary writing and criticism,and each chapter is sui generis.This article analyzes Liu Xie's author criticism according the chapter Cai Lue.This article is divided into three parts.The first part discusses how writer's "talent","Qi" and "nature",the three subjective factors affect their creation and the consequent influence on the standards and principles of value orientation.Liu Xie claims literature's subjectivity,diversity and originality.The second part specifically analyzes the objective factors which influent writer's creation,which expands the visual threshold of the chapter Cai Lue.The third part analyzes Liu Xie's critical style and attitude.


Background: Diarrhoeal diseases are a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries, and an important cause of malnutrition. In 2003 an estimated 1.87 million children below 5 years died from diarrhoea. In India nearly 1.5 million under-fives are dying every year only due to acute gastroenteritis. Therefore the present study was conducted to find the knowledge about diarrhoea and its management among the mothers of under-five children.Methods: A total of 400 mothers of under-five children were interviewed. The mothers were selected by adopting simple random sampling method. A pre-designed and pre tested questionnaire was used to collect the information. House to house survey was done to collect the information. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 20.0.Results: Majority of the mothers (72.8%) were in age group of 21-30 years. Out of total 53% knew that diarrhoea is passage of three or more loose stool in a day. Education status of mother has significant relation with the knowledge about diarrhoea and its spread (p=.000). 69.5% of the mothers knew that ORS should be given in dehydration. Only 66.3% could tell the correct method of preparing ORS solution. Source of knowledge about ORS for the mothers was mass media (45%), health workers (40.7%), books (29.7%), neighbours (28.2%) and family member (22.2%).Conclusions: The study concludes that there is lack of knowledge among mothers regarding diarrhoea and its management. There is a need of health education for mothers about diarrhoea and its management. IEC activities should be increased to educate the community about the principles of environmental hygiene.


Social attention refers to the ability, which generally characterizes human beings as well as other animal species, to orient attentional resources in response to spatial cues provided by other individuals. These spatial cues are typically represented by gaze direction, head direction, and body orientation. This thesis focused mainly on the role that some social variables play in modulating this ability.
In Chapter 1, the concept of social attention and its relevance in regulating social interactions are discussed. After that, in Chapter 2, I present four studies in which I have employed the gaze-cueing paradigm. This allows to investigate the role of gaze direction in modulating social attention. In these four studies, the social variables manipulated have been social status (Study 1) and political affiliation (Study 2). Moreover, I have also investigated the impact of implicit social learning on gaze cueing (Study 3). The final study (Study 4), investigated social attention in schizophrenic patients, who are known to be particularly impaired in dealing with social stimuli. In Chapter 3, I present a particular aspect of social attention known as social inhibition of return, a phenomenon whereby an individual is slower to reach a location previously explorer by another individual. Here, I have manipulated the social similarity between participants (Study 5). Finally, in Chapter 4, I present some evidence supporting the view that gaze direction, in combination with racial group membership, represents a crucial variable not only for attentional mechanisms but even for the encoding and maintenance of face's visual representations in visual working memory (Study 6). To conclude, in Chapter 5, a general discussion highlights the importance of considering social variables in the study of social attention, inviting to embrace a more ecological research approach in order to investigate this phenomenon during real social interactions and in real world settings.


Introduction:
 Despite numerous efforts to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiovascular disease, it remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Circulating proteins are frequently used as clinical biomarkers and may serve as effective drug targets.

 Hypothesis:
 Identifying genetic variants associated with circulating protein concentrations (pQTLs) and combining them with genome-wide association study (GWAS) results may bridge a knowledge gap of unexplained heritability, identify potentially causal proteins, and highlight promising therapeutic targets.

 Methods:
 We measured concentrations of 436 plasma proteins among 484 Framingham participants using OLINK cardiovascular disease and inflammation panels. For each protein, we conducted a GWAS using 1000G imputed genotypes (imputation quality >20%). Then we performed two sample Mendelian randomization using cis-pQTLs (SNPs within 1Mb of transcriptional start site of the protein coding gene) as instrumental variables and 11 public cardiovascular trait GWAS (coronary artery disease (CAD), HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), body mass index (BMI), obesity, fasting blood glucose, type 2 diabetes, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and Hypertension) as outcomes.

 Results:
 At Bonferroni-corrected P<0.05, we identified 5281 cis-pQTLs for 76 proteins. Mendelian randomization identified 13 putatively causal proteins for seven cardiovascular traits: FGF-5, IL-6RA, LPL , and TFPI for CAD; CAPG, IGG_FCrrec, LPL, and TFPI for HDL; KIM1, LPL, and TNFB for TG, ENTPD6 for BMI; FGF-5, TFPI, UMOD, IGFBP3, PXN, and NUCB2 for blood pressure traits.

 Conclusions:
 At Bonferroni-corrected P<0.05, we identified 5281 cis-pQTLs for 76 proteins. Mendelian randomization identified 13 putatively causal proteins for seven cardiovascular traits: FGF-5, IL-6RA, LPL , and TFPI for CAD; CAPG, IGG_FCrrec, LPL, and TFPI for HDL; KIM1, LPL, and TNFB for TG, ENTPD6 for BMI; FGF-5, TFPI, UMOD, IGFBP3, PXN, and NUCB2 for blood pressure traits.


This article is situated in the galloping rise of a conservatism that seeks to mold society according to moral standards based on a rigid religiosity that advocates the defense of the «traditional family», the fight against homosexualization of children, and communism. The main actors have been collectives that call themselves Pro-family and Pro-life and have a close relationship with ultra-conservative religious groups; being the Evangelical-Neopentecostals who have led these movements. Thus, it is assumed that these groups have a religious substratum based on the political theology of neo-Pentecostalism. Considering the lack of digital ethnographic research on this phenomenon, this paper seeks to delve into the ideal of society that the Facebook followers of these collectives want for Peru and the (dis)connections that may exist between them and Peruvian Neo-Pentecostalism.


Some London rail passengers are paying significantly more per mile than others depending on the train operator, even when the passengers are buying the same type of ticket, on the same day and at the same time. This article examines the fare differences. Some of the discrepancy can be attributed to a 1995 decision to charge more for lines with newer rolling stock. Even though the rolling stock has changed, the fare discrepancy persists. Rail operators maintain that fare discounts and differences in service quality make a comparison on price per mile alone misleading.


It has recently been proposed that the large-scale bias of dark matter halos depends sensitively on primordial non-Gaussianity of the local form. In this paper we point out that the strong scale dependence of the non-Gaussian halo bias imprints a distinct signature on the covariance of cluster counts. We find that using the full covariance of cluster counts results in improvements on constraints on the non-Gaussian parameter f_(NL) of 3 (1) orders of magnitude relative to cluster counts (counts+clustering variance) constraints alone. We forecast f_(NL) constraints for the upcoming Dark Energy Survey in the presence of uncertainties in the mass-observable relation, halo bias, and photometric redshifts. We find that the Dark Energy Survey can yield constraints on non-Gaussianity of σ(f_(NL))~1–5 even for relatively conservative assumptions regarding systematics. Excess of correlations of cluster counts on scales of hundreds of megaparsecs would represent a smoking-gun signature of primordial non-Gaussianity of the local type.


As the amount of data being exchanged over the network increases, algorithms originally implemented for running on a single machine have been re-designed to work in a distributed manner, with a processing platform that splits tasks among machines and cores. Brand new frameworks have emerged for the analysis of unbound streams of data, aiming at processing data and retrieving information nearly real-time by using clusters of machines. Node failure and recovery are crucial issues related to distributed systems, especially when using commodity hardware and when continuously processing data coming real- time into the system. In this paper we present the performance of the distributed stream-processing platform Blockmon, with the novel fault-tolerant mechanism that we implement on top, and compare it against Spark, the state-of-the art in terms of fault-tolerant stream-processing platform. Our experimental results suggest that Blockmon performs around two times faster than Spark, with a twenty times reduced memory footprint, showing the feasibility of using Blockmon on popular energy- efficient architectures such as the ARM ones.


Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is an hereditary metabolic disorder which predisposes affected individuals to juvenile liver disease and to pulmonary emphysema towards the third or fourth decade of life. Since prevention and treatment of this pulmonary complication is at present perfectly feasible, we have carried out a pilot study of neonatal screening for AAT deficiency in order to determine the incidence of this deficiency in Spain and to evaluate the parents' reactions on being told of this metabolic disorder.Fifteen thousand four hundred spanish newborn infants were screened for AAT deficiency. The study was carried out using the eluate from dried blood samples provided by the Cantabria University and the Basque Country Health Service Units for the detection of metabolic disorders. The screening test was based on a semiquantitative electroimmunoassay for AAT together with transferrin. For all cases suspected of AAT deficiency, the Pi phenotype was determined.With the screening test, 58 suspect cases were detected. Of these, the phenotype study showed 32 AAT deficient cases (8 Pi Z and 24 Pi SZ) representing a global incidence of 2.08±0.72 per thousand. In 4 Pi Z cases there was clinical and laboratory evidence of liver disease. The parents of the AAT-deficient children were informed of the potencially harmfull effect of tobacco smoke on the child. Their reaction towards this information was positive.Bearing in mind the high incidence of AAT-deficiency, and the existing preventive and therapeutic measures for pulmonary emphysema in AAT-deficient cases, mass-screening for this deficiency may be advisable. This screening could be considerably facilitated by recently developed genome analysis techniques.


Image processing is becoming an attractive option for a range of traffic management applications, where previously they would not have been considered on cost-benefit grounds. To date, applications of image processing have been mostly limited to freeway locations and urban areas where CCTV is already in place or is planned. With the advent of the first production samples of cameras 'on a chip', image processing could be on the threshold of a significant breakthrough in functional capability. The paper focuses on the development of a specific platform which is intended to address current traffic management applications.


Introduction The majority of North American mining-related disturbances occur in terrestrial environments. The variable nature of impacts associated with these perturbations has initiated extensive research, the progression of which can be divided into three stages: i) the initial impacts were investigated ii) recovery processes in habitats disturbed by mining were compared to natural recovery processes iii) information resulting from stages I and 2 were used to develop and implement reclamation and mitigation practices.


Chapter A4 contains methods used by the US Geological Survey to collect, preserve, and analyze waters to determine their biological and microbiological properties. Part 1 consists of detailed descriptions of more than 45 individual methods, including those for bacteria, phytoplankton, zooplankton, seston, periphyton, macrophytes, benthic invertebrates, fish and other vertebrates, cellular contents, productivity, and bioassays; Part 2 consists of a glossary; and Part 3 is a list of taxonomic references.


The academic staff development process we report on in this article was conducted from a
transformational learning perspective with nursing educators responsible for the implementation
of a new first-year curriculum in nursing colleges in Gauteng. In this staff development process we took as our point of departure the notion that transformation of teaching practice necessitates
a process commencing with an exploration by educators of the epistemological foundations of
their current teaching practice. The article also reports on the nursing educators' experience of
this staff development process. Our investigation revealed that the participants experienced the
staff development process positively but that many found the implementation of a new
teaching strategy difficult. We concluded that academic staff development is never simple or
clear-cut and even when staff developers intentionally aim for transformational learning with
regard to teaching, transformation of teaching practice is not guaranteed.


The health insurer NIB has recently offered subsidised genetic testing to a group of their health insurance policy holders. The testing is being conducted through Navigenics, a U.S. based direct-to-consumer genetic testing company that specialises in estimating risks for complex multigenic disorders. Navigenics will conduct the test and will also provide genetic counselling to help individuals interpret the results. NIB claims it is making this offer to allow its policy holders to make informed choices about improving their health, however the consequences of predictive genetic testing, especially in apparently healthy individuals, raises many issues for the individuals involved, the medical profession and the insurance industry. This report will look at the type of genetic test being offered, the complexities in the science behind the tests and the implications of such predictive genetic testing for the health of individuals. Additionally, the obligations that disclosure of these results might have for gaining insurance in Australia will be explored, as will possible regulatory options for ensuring that predictive genetic testing is thoroughly assessed before it gains widespread use.


To the existed problems in the medium-high voltage great power frequency converter,introduces a design method of mine-used three level frequency converter with low power consumption.Its inverter unit consists of alone three-phase bridge arm and the converter uses the laminated busbar structure combining the smoothing unit with an inverter unit to reduce the total inductance volume and turn-off loss. It solves the problems such as reducing power module consumption, increasing efficiency,saving energy for the high voltage great power frequency converter. This design method has been applied to mine-used three level frequency converters and the products have been used in a few of coal mines.