Modern living conditions, characterized by the rapid development of technology, leave their mark on numerous spheres of life. They include a change in the way of a person's life and a request the training of schoolchildren from the state. Within the framework of the first direction, the format of distance learning becomes relevant, within the framework of the second direction innovative teaching methods are actual. The aim of the research is the study of the motivational component when using innovative teaching methods in the framework of distance learning. Based on the analysis of theoretical data, an empirical study was conducted, in which students of the GBOU SOSH «Romanovskaya school», Moscow, took part. In the course of the study, the method of observation (students of grades 7) and questionnaires (students of grades 6-11) were used. The study found that the distance learning format reduces the motivation of students in applying innovative teaching methods. The need for an integrated approach on the part of teacher and parents in increasing the motivation of students in distance learning using innovative methods as well as critical thinking development has been identified. This study, focused on finding effective approaches to teaching generation Z children born in the 21st century, allows reconsidering traditional approaches to increasing the motivation of schoolchildren in the educational process. The results can be used by school teachers and parents to increase the motivation for learning in schoolchildren.


Energy markets are emerging around the world. In this context, the PowerTAC competition has gained attention for being a realistic and powerful simulation platform that can be used to perform robust research on retail energy markets. Agent in this complex environment typically use different strategies throughout their interaction, changing from one to another depending on diverse factors, for example, to adapt to population needs and to keep the competitors guessing. This poses a problem for learning algorithms as most of them are not capable of handling changing strategies. The previous champion of the PowerTAC competition is no exception, and is not capable of adapting quickly to non-stationary opponents, potentially impacting its performance. This paper introduces DriftER, an algorithm that learns a model of the opponent and keeps track of its errorrate. When the error-rate increases for several timesteps, the opponent has most likely changed strategy and the agent should learn a new model. Results in the PowerTAC simulator show that DriftER is capable of detecting switches in the opponent faster than an existing state of the art algorithms against switching (non-stationary) opponents obtaining better results in terms of profit and accuracy.


A single-server queuing system is considered where service consumes one unit of inventory which is maintained by two suppliers with different price and replenishment lead times. During inventory stockout, new customers refuse to enter the system (lost sales) but the existing ones remain in queue until inventory becomes available again (backlogged demand). We analytically derive the joint distribution of queue length and on-hand inventory in steady state and determine supplier-specific ordering policies that maximise the average system profit. A special case of the system with multiple servers is addressed. A numerical study reveals dynamics of the optimal ordering policy with respect to price and replenishment lead-times. [Received: 15 April 2018; Revised: 21 November 2018; Accepted: 18 December 2018]


How can humans communicate effectively with computers? Human-like virtual characters are becoming increasingly popular in a world where online education is widespread. Yet, when human learners interact with digital characters employed in educational settings, termed pedagogical agents, learners often become impatient, disenchanted, and frustrated. Albeit researchers have already made disjointed attempts to enhance the interactional capabilities of virtual characters such that they appear polite, friendly, and knowledgeable, this dissertation is a compilation of three concentrated and convergent studies aimed at enhancing the interaction between learners and virtual characters.
The EnALI framework of guidelines that designers and researchers can use to minimize conflicts between learners and virtual characters is proposed in chapter two. The framework is grounded on previous work that indicates that learners interact with agents in an inherently social manner and that guidelines on enhancing interaction and collaboration between humans can be adapted to provide insight into how communication between learners and agents can be improved.
Chapter three investigates one of the guidelines proposed in the EnALI framework. Specifically, when pedagogical agents interact with learners they appear to focus exclusively on the content that is to be taught. While content is crucial to learning, I propose that the interjection of extraneous information during agent-learner interaction may enhance learning with virtual characters. Results from a mixed methods study indicate that the inclusion of extraneous information may enhance learning and agent-learner interactions while the continuous addition of off-topic items harms learning and interaction. Focus group discussions intended to contextualize the experimental results indicated the complex nature of agent-learner relationships.
The EnALI framework also proposes that agent expressiveness may improve the interaction between pedagogical agents and learners, ultimately enhancing learning outcomes. This hypothesis is examined in chapter four. Evidence from a mixed methods study, indicates that learners who interacted with a verbally expressive agent (a) scored higher on a post-task exam, and (b) rated the agent's ability to interact higher, than learners who interacted with a non-expressive agent. Qualitative results provided insight into this finding, while revealing the multifaceted nature of pedagogical agent integration in educational settings.


Heterotaxy syndrome is a situs anomaly that comprises a large spectrum of cardiac and extracardiac malformations. Its association with intestinal malrotation is frequent. This later might be asymptomatic or manifest by signs of abdominal discomfort or of intestinal obstruction. We report on the case of a full term, small for gestational age neonate in whom heterotaxy syndrome with partial situs inversus abdominalis, intestinal malrotation, polysplenia and vena azygos continuity was diagnosed at prenatal echography. Due to the high risk of volvulus carried by the malrotation, Ladd's procedure was performed at the age of two months. Follow-up examination at the age of four years shows excellent post-operative result and normal development of the child.


E-papers belong to the well-established and increasingly popular internet publications which are offered today by most newspaper publishers in Germany for reading both online and off-line. How this service developed in Germany and the current state of affairs is presented here in an initial survey. Due to a library law passed in 200 6, e-papers are to be collected, catalogued, permanently preserved, and made publicly accessible by the German National Library.Tothis end, the library established a pilot project in which a work-flow system for the automated collection of e-paper editions was developed; it will be expanded to up to 300 titles and successively integrated into the daily routine operations. This project is presented here in comparison with the previous collection procedures for daily newspapers. in conclusion, the possible consequences that the collection of e-papers at the German National Library may have upon the practice of collecting print editions are discussed.


This paper introduces the results of two interview studies carried out in Finland in four conventional power plants and one nuclear power plant. The aim of the studies was to gather data on user experiences on the effects of control room modernization and digital control room technology on operator work Since the number of completed digitalization projects in nuclear power plants is small supplementary information was gathered by interviewing operators in conventional power plants. Our results suggest that even though the modernization processes have been success stories, they have created new challenges for operator personnel. Examples of these challenges are increased requirements for competence and collaboration, problems in trust calibration and development of awareness of the process state. Some major differences in the digitalization of human-system interfaces between conventional and nuclear power plants were discussed. (authors)


A model of s interacting species is considered with two types of dynamical variables. The fast variables are the populations of the species and slow variables the links of a directed graph that defines the catalytic interactions among them. The graph evolves via mutations of the least fit species. Starting from a sparse random graph, we find that an autocatalytic set inevitably appears and triggers a cascade of exponentially increasing connectivity until it spans the whole graph. The connectivity subsequently saturates in a statistical steady state. The time scales for the appearance of an autocatalytic set in the graph and its growth have a power law dependence on s and the catalytic probability. At the end of the growth period the network is highly nonrandom, being localized on an exponentially small region of graph space for large s.


Photolysis of 4-hydroxysantonene [4-hydroxy-3-oxo-4αH-eudesma-1,5,7(11)-trien-12,6-olactone](3) affords the A-nor-6-acetyl compound (4)(triplet state intermediate), 4-hydroxyphotosantonene {a spiro(bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane)-6,1′-cyclopentane}(5)(singlet state) and a dilactone (6a){a rearrangement product of (5) having a spiro(bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane)-6,1′-cyclopropane skeleton}. Photolysis of 4-hydroxy-4βH-santonene (7) affords the same A-nor-6-acetyl compound (4), 4-hydroxy-4βH-photosantonene (8), and a dilactone (9a). The structure of the A-nor-6-acetyl compound follows from its conversion [by hydrogenation to (13) followed by removal of the 6-acetyl group with base] into the epimeric lactones (14) and (15). The n.m.r. and c.d. spectra of the 3-alcohols derived from (14) and (15) support the suggested stereochemistry of (4). Photolysis of 1,2-dihydro-4-hydroxy-santonene and its 4-epimer in the presence of acetophenone gives the dihydro-A-nor-6-acetyl compound (13). The structures of the hydroxy-photocompounds follow from comparison of their spectra with those of the photosantonenes and photopyrosantonins.The dilactones are formed from the hydroxyphotosantonenes via hydroxy-keten intermediates. Pyrolysis of the dilactones leads to a 'Woodward-Hoffman forbidden rupture of the spiropentane skeleton, to give compounds containing a methylenecyclobutane system.


Thiovulummajus self-organize on glass surfaces into active two-dimensional crystals of rotating cells. Unlike classical crystals, these bacterial crystallites continuously rotate and reorganize as the power of rotating cells is dissipated by the surrounding flow. In this article, we describe the earliest stage of crystallization, the attraction of two bacteria into a hydrodynamically-bound dimer. This process occurs in three steps. First a free-swimming cell collides with the wall and becomes hydrodynamically bound to the two-dimensional surface.We present a simplemodel to understand how viscous forces localize cells near the chamber walls. Next, the cell diffuses over the surface for an average of  63 6 s before escaping to the bulk fluid. The diffusion coefficient =  D 7.98 eff m 0.1 m s 2 1of these m 8.5 m diameter cells corresponds to a temperature of   ́ ( ) 4.16 0.05 104 K, and thus cannot be explained by equilibrium fluctuations. Finally, two cells coalesce into a rotating dimer when the convergent flow created by each cell overwhelms their active Brownianmotion. This occurs when cells diffuse to within a distance of 13.3±0.2 μmof each other.


To accurately simulate the behavior of Nano-Electro- Mechanical Switch (NEM) circuits, a NEM circuit simulation model that faithfully reproduces the NEMS device characteristics in a circuit simulation environment is needed. In this paper, we present an accurate NEMS circuit simulation model. The model is based on the 3D Finite Element Analysis (FEA) physical device that captures the device multiphysics phenomena. The NEMS circuit simulation model reproduces the same characteristics of the 3D FEA model using circuit simulation techniques. In this way, the 3D FEA physical device model is used to derive and calibrate the NEMS circuit simulation model. To evaluate the accuracy of the model, the model is implemented in a circuit simulator. The NEM circuit simulator enables the evaluation of NEMS circuit with the same accuracy of the 3D FEA physical device model at much lower cost in terms of CPU time and memory requirement. In this paper, we present an accurate NEMS circuit model derivation and a NEMS circuit simulator. The simulator is able to simulate larger NEMS circuits with the same accuracy as the FEA at an acceptable CPU time and memory requirement.


Island Southeast Asia has several distinctive elements of its archaeological and documentary record that make it a particularly fertile region in which to further explore and develop theories of culture contact and cross-cultural interaction. In contrast to the traditional view of other regions, such as pre-European contact North America, archaeologists have always seen Island Southeast Asia as a zone of cross-cultural interaction, or as a passageway for migrations to other areas. Despite this potential, the region remains relatively under-explored archaeologically, and problems of cross-cultural interaction have not been the orientation for most of the archaeological research that has been done. There are several possible explanations for this relative lack of focus: this paper will review several case studies that demonstrate how additional research can contribute to general theory about the interaction of human social groups.


Under the circumstance of entering 21 century and carrying forward the quality education,it explored and searched the implication of the leisure,defined the leisure physical education and expounded the value of the leisure physical education.It tried to construct the pattern of the leisre physical education of Chinese feature from the condition of China socialism primary stage and the fact of the school physical education.


Herein, we report tunable asymmetric addition and telomerization of butadiene by synergistic chiral primary amine/achiral palladium catalysis. A selection of different achiral phosphine ligand in c...


URTICARIA pigmentosa of the large nodular type is of sufficient rarity to cause diagnostic problems. The condition may remain undiagnosed unless a specimen is removed and examined microscopically after the tissue has been stained with one of the basic aniline dyes. Finnerud1and Little2in excellent reviews stated that in approximately 10 per cent of cases of urticaria pigmentosa the lesions are of the nodular type. However, the occurrence of large tumors in urticaria pigmentosa similar to those observed in our case is apparently unrecognized. We wish to report such a case and to comment briefly on the prognosis and the association of heparin with the mast cells. REPORT OF A CASE A 21 month old American boy of Syrian parentage was seen at the Mayo Clinic in November 1946. Since birth this patient had been normal except for brown oval and round nodules on the neck,


[Objective] To study the relationship between body mass index(BMI) and blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipid in health people.[Methods] A cross-sectional analysis of BMI was conducted in 1198 health people.The relationship between BMI and blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipids was analyzed.[Results] The level of BMI and the prevalence rates of obesity and overweight were increased with the increase of age.The highest rates of obesity and overweight were in the age group of 50~70 years and 50 years,respectively.The levels of systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),fasting blood glucose(FBG),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) significantly increased with the rising of BMI,but the level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) was decreased.The prevalence of hypertension,hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in obesity and overweight was higher than in normal population.The prevalence of hyperglycemia in obesity men was significantly higher than that in women.The highest rates of hypertension and hyperglycemia in 70 years were 88.46% and 82.69%,respectively.The highest rate of hyperlipidemia in 40 years was 49.18%.[Conclusions] The prevalence of obesity and overweight is high in health people.Control the body weight is of great important to the prevention and treat of such chronic disease as hypertension,hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.


One of the depression causes is the use of certain drugs, and in this case, the term drug-induced depression (DID), medication-induced or iatrogenic depression is used. Symptoms of DID are similar to those observed in patients with other types of depression. DID is also associated with morbidity and mortality. Its  development leads to a decrease in treatment adherence, and in  some cases, to discontinuation of drugs that have predictive value. The main point in the management of patients with DID is the rapid  detection and correction of symptoms and the application of prompt measures to prevent their development when prescribing  certain drugs. The features of the course of DID, pathogenetic  mechanisms and risk factors for its development, possible approaches to the treatment and prevention are discussed.


ABSTRACT We show that if is a topological field, then there is a transitive, free and continuous action of a natural quotient of on the set of hypermatrices over with non-zero hyperdeterminant. We use this action to study the homotopy type of and and count elements of (generalizing an unpublished result of Lewis and Sam).


Compressive sensing is a methodology for the reconstruction of sparse or compressible signals using far fewer samples than required by the Nyquist criterion. However, many of the results in compressive sensing concern random sampling matrices such as Gaussian and Bernoulli matrices. In common physically feasible signal acquisition and reconstruction scenarios such as super-resolution of images, the sensing matrix has a non-random structure with highly correlated columns. Here we present a compressive sensing recovery algorithm that exploits this correlation structure. We provide algorithmic justification as well as empirical comparisons.


Abstract A localized irrigation system consisting of an open-pipe network of polyethylene hose fed from a low-head (0.3 to 1.5 m) is proposed. The feasible area for irrigation covers 0.1 ha of flat ground. The irrigation laterals are portable and have an approximate length of 10 m with 12 to 15 nozzles. The nozzles can be 0.89 mm diameter diffusers, or else, holes punched with a stainless steel 1.19 mm diameter punch. Flow rates measured at the laboratory in a single lateral vary from 2 to 6 l/s, with the smaller values corresponding to the punched hose. Average coefficients of variation are to 0.03 for the hose with diffusers and to 0.10 for the punched hose. The field measurements for the pipes with diffusers at seven laterals with 14 outlets each show that the flow rate should be reduced by 35 percent with respect to the value measured in the laboratory. The cost is lower than that of any other low-head system available.


In the present world having connections across borders becomes a competitive advantage. The easy access to a constant stream of information is making the opportunities countless, adding to the equation that the Internet and supplementary techniques such as different types of software are still very young, the opportunities will keep on emerge. There are still great gaps in terms of technology between countries, which enables fast growing companies to fill a niche and gain new market shares due to their technological lead and managerial practices. This research has put the emphasis on creating a guiding discussion on how an international expansion strategy could be formulated.


Flexible optical disks (FODs) can be rotated at 15,000 rpm and used to record at a high data transfer rate for high-definition video recording systems. However, further improvement to the current rate is required to efficiently copy and transfer video content. We studied the stabilizing mechanism of FODs using an aerodynamic stabilization system to increase the transfer rate at a rotational speed of more than 15,000 rpm. Experimental results demonstrate that the axial run-out of FODs has three phases in state. We also found that it is possible to implement a rotational speed of up to 20,000 rpm.


Performance profiling in sports allow evaluating opponents' tactics and the development of counter tactics to gain a competitive advantage. The work presented develops a comprehensive methodology to automate tactical profiling in elite badminton. The proposed approach uses computer vision techniques to automate data gathering from video footage. The image processing algorithm is validated using video footage of the highest level tournaments, including the Olympic Games. The average accuracy of player position detection is 96.03% and 97.09% on the two halves of a badminton court. Next, frequent trajectories of badminton players are extracted and classified according to their tactical relevance. The classification performs at 97.79% accuracy, 97.81% precision, 97.44% recall, and 97.62% F-score. The combination of automated player position detection, frequent trajectory extraction, and the subsequent classification can be used to automatically generate player tactical profiles.


It is clear that in France, as in the rest of the world, more and more of us are learning and practicing medical hypnosis. A consultation in the PubMed database with the Mesh term "hypnosis" allows 15,101 occurrences to be found. Since the 18th century, hypnosis has continued to accompany history, illustrating it with its multiple riches, whether medical, psychological, philosophical or anthropological. Despite all this, it is still and always legitimate to wonder about the existence of hypnosis and by extension its usefulness in medicine. So what is this hypnosis phenomenon whose name is the same in a performance hall as it is in an operating theater? Are we really sure that hypnosis exists? If we refer to high health authorities, learned societies or the National Academy of Medicine, medical hypnosis seems difficult to pin down. We take as proof the astonishing number of denominations to try — in vain — to categorize, even classify this approach. Depending on the interlocutors and the source, Assistance Publique Hopitaux of Paris [1], National Academy of Medicine [2], National Council of the Order of Physicians [3], Inserm [4], Ministry of Solidarity and Health [5], hypnosis can alternately be medicine soft, natural medicine, alternative medicine, complementary medicine, supportive care or even an unconventional care practice (PSNC). The latter term is currently the one used by the Ministry of Health. Let us add that in France, there is currently no precise regulatory framework governing the modalities of the practice of hypnosis. However, this is considered a medical act, which even has its code in the CCAM nomenclature ("Hypnosis session for analgesia" ANRP001). This semantic proliferation is not without generating an administrative imbroglio, a sort of French folk bureaucracy, which raises and questions the question of the scientific and medical legitimacy of hypnosis in the practice of care.


Land use is closely related to the sustainability of ecological development. This paper employed a patch-generating land use simulation (PLUS) model for the multi-scenario simulation of urban agglomerations. In addition, mathematical analysis methods such as Theil-Sen Median trend analysis, R/S analysis, Getis-Ord Gi* index and unary linear regression were used to study the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of net primary productivity (NPP) for the impact of land use changes on NPP in urban agglomerations from 2000 to 2020 and to forecast the future trend of NPP. The results indicate that urban expansion is obvious in the baseline scenario and in the ecological protection scenario. In the scenario of cropland protection, the urban expansion is consistent with the land use plan of the government for 2035. The NPP in Beijing decreased gradually from northwest to southeast. The hot spot areas are concentrated in the densely forested areas in the mountainous areas of northwest. The cold spot areas are mainly concentrated in the periphery of urban areas and water areas. The NPP will continue to increase in forest and other areas under protection and remain stable in impervious surfaces. The NPP of Beijing showed a strong improvement trend and this trend will continue with the right ecological management and urban planning of the government. The study of land use in urban agglomeration and the development trend of vegetation NPP in the future can help policymakers rationally manage future land use dynamics and maintain the sustainable development of urban regional ecosystems.


1. Hardman JG, Moppett IK. To err is human. Br J Anaesth 2010;105:1‐3. 2. Gravenstein JS. How does human error affect safety in anesthesia? Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2000;9:81‐95, vii. 3. Espin S, Lingard L, Baker GR, Regehr G. Persistence of unsafe practice in everyday work: An exploration of organizational and psychological factors constraining safety in the operating room. Qual Saf Health Care 2006;15:165‐70. 4. Veasey S, Rosen R, Barzansky B, Rosen I, Owens J. Sleep loss and fatigue in residency training: A reappraisal. JAMA 2002;288:1116‐24. 5. Patel I, Balkrishnan R. Medication error management around the globe: An overview. Indian J Pharm Sci 2010;72:539‐45. 6. Harsoor S. Critical incident reporting and learning system: The black pearls. Indian J Anaesth 2010;54:185‐6.


Background: An IgE‐mediated contact reaction to airborne allergens has been suggested as one important pathogenetic mechanism in atopic dermatitis (AD). The house‐dust mite (HDM) might be a common allergen involved. In Scandinavia, sensitization to HDM has been rare, probably because of the cold, dry climate. However, recent studies indicate high levels of domestic mites and HDM allergen in 15–20% of homes in central and northern Sweden.


Due to the emergence of very high-data-rate wireless communications, the adaptation of traditional diversity systems is required so that some performance is sacrificed for complexity reduction. With this goal in mind, we investigate the performance of muti-antenna multi-relay system when the generalized selection combining (GSC) is used to select and combine a number of diversity branches. The performance is measured in terms of bit error rate (BER) and is evaluated for both amplify and forward and decode and forward protocols. The considered channel is a slow flat fading channel. The performance is evaluated for known and estimated channel. The channel is estimated using least square algorithm. The performance of channel estimation algorithm is measured in terms of mean square error of estimation. The result shows that a reduction in complexity and power consumption is achieved for the multi-relay when GSC is used at the expense of some performance degradation.


This paper presents an on-going work, which aims at improving the support for BIM-based energy simulation. The contribution is twofold. Firstly, a discussion about BIM-based energy simulation is provided, with an in-depth review of the state-of-the-art and a synthetic highlighting of the main related research issues, i.e. provision of an extensive IFC toolkit to perform the various translations and to make the link with BIM-based collaborative work support; validation of IFC models (completeness and correctness) and translation into the data formats used by the simulation tools; enrichment of IFC to enable exhaustive description of building elements and HVAC systems; user interfaces and usability. Then, the paper focuses on the issue of HVAC systems BIM descriptions and gives the result of a study performed on the capabilities of the IFC in this matter. This study entailed reviewing the properties and parameters needed to describe HVAC systems in a representative selection of simulation environments, and proposing ways to describe accordingly the systems in IFC (relying on proper enrichment of native IFC constructs). From these two contributions, the paper draws conclusions about the limitations of current support, and about the directions to take to fully enable BIM-based energy simulations.


To achieve a variety of signal acquisition and processing of high temperature furnaces,equipment protection,and wireless monitoring function,a new method of the modular design of the remote monitoring system of high-temperature industrial television is proposed,which uses C8051F330 controller as the core,combined with the IOT technology(RF technology).The various modules of the software and hardware design are elaborated and the part of the circuit diagram and program design is given.Application in practice proves it can completely replace the traditional control system with PLC as the core and has great value in promotion.


Educators at all levels, but particularly tertiary, are embracing techniques such as curriculum transformation, the provision of online information and the introduction of multimedia delivery to improve learning by students and gain greater efficiencies in teaching. Curriculum transformation, online information and multimedia delivery can be intimately intertwined to provide a resource-rich environment for learning for a single tutorial, a subject or an entire course at undergraduate or postgraduate level. Many such multimedia "products" are developed as a reference for course-wide application, professional development or even lifelong learning as an additional aim. This paper will identify the primary issues, techniques and implementations of the new technologies and new techniques for enhanced teaching and learning with particular emphasis on disciplines drawn from the spatial sciences.


Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Cosmetic Surgery in a Different Voice Chapter 3 Lonely Heroes and Great White Gods Chapter 4 The Rhetoric of Cosmetic Surgery Chapter 5 Surgical Stories Chapter 6 Surgical Passing Chapter 7 "My Body is My Art" Chapter 8 "A Dubious Equality"


In this study, an alternative spatial analysis method against conventional methods such as Thiessen method, Inverse Distance method, and Kriging method, named Spatial-Analysis Neural-Network (SANN) is presented. It is based on neural network modeling and provides a nonparametric mean estimator and also estimators of high order statistics such as standard deviation and skewness. In addition, it provides a decision-making tool including an estimator of posterior probability that a spatial variable at a given point will belong to various classes representing the severity of the problem of interest and a Bayesian classifier to define the boundaries of subregions belonging to the classes. In this paper, the SANN is implemented to be used for analyzing a mean annual precipitation filed and classifying the field into dry, normal, and wet subregions. For an example, the whole area of South Korea with 39 precipitation sites is applied. Then, several useful results related with the spatial variability of mean annual precipitation on South Korea were obtained such as interpolated field, standard deviation field, and probability maps. In addition, the whole South Korea was classified with dry, normal, and wet regions.


The heat capacities of a number of deuterium samples enriched in para content have been measured in the temperature range 1.5° to 22°K. The variation of the triple points and heats of fusion as a function of ortho—para composition have also been measured.All the heat capacities of the solid show anomalies due to the quenching of the molecular rotation of the J = 1 species present in the mixtures. For para compositions above 60% para‐D2 a sharp λ transition is observed. A linear dependance of the transition temperature with para content is observed. The high‐temperature heat capacities of the solid show a dependence on ortho—para composition, suggesting a structural dependence on composition.A calculation of the entropy from the data shows that the threefold degeneracy of the J = 1 species is completely removed at the absolute zero. An analysis of the anomalies resulting from the removal of the degeneracy confirm Nakamura's conclusions that the quenching of the molecular rotations is principally a result o...


The MSCD package, which name stands for "Multiple Scattering Calculation of Diffraction", was developed by Yufeng Chen and Michel A Van Hove at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, with several collabarators. This program simulates the elemental and state-specific core-level photoelectron diffraction pattern from a surface, based on multiple scattering theory and the RehrAlbers separable representation of spherical-wave propagators, and by fitting to experiment obtains atomic structural information.


This is a collection of papers including abstracts about the celebration of 50 years of excellence in science and engineering at the Savannah River Site. The Symposium Committee invited current and former employees to nominate the innovations to be recognized. Several selection panels of experts in various technical fields reviewed 190 nominations and selected the achievements included in this proceedings. Neither the Symposium Committee nor the selection panels claim that these accomplishments are the best of the best. Instead, they believe that they typify the outstanding quality of science and engineering at the Site during its first half-century.


In order to obtain accurate pose estimate and satisfy real-time needs, 6D pose estimation of objects is an important task to handle challenging under certain circumstances, such as noisy background, and lighting fluctuations. We propose a 6D pose estimation method with the multi-scale convolutional feature fusion based on the correspondence point method. First, the multi-scale convolutional feature fusion module is added to the encoder-decoder structure corresponding to the extraction of critical points to obtain multi-scale information, and enrich the features extracted from each layer of the network. At the same time, the chain of convolutional layers with residual learning is added in the skip connections of the network to effectively solve the problem of too large a gap between the semantic information of the higher and lower layers. The experimental results demonstrate that the ADD(-S) metric and 2D projection metric on LINEMOD dataset reaches 96.22% and 92.5%, respectively, which are improved compared with the DPOD network based on the correspondence point method. The accuracy is improved by 9.3 and 9.8 percentage points, respectively, for smaller size objects in the dataset. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated in the 6D pose estimation task based on the corresponding point.


There have been literatures to reduce the effect of sensor noise. By introducing new gain scaling factor, one of them makes it possible to arbitrarily reduce the effect of sensor noise composed of zero-mean random signal, whereas the others cannot reduce the effect of sensor noise under the magnitude of noise. In order to utilize the controller using gain scaling factor, the controller has to be directly connected to plant. However, in practical system, many systems are classified into cascade system since there is actuator between plant and controller. In this paper, we propose an output feedback controller applied to the cascade system by retaining the advantage of the previous controller. More specifically, the controller is composed of two part; in first part, the controller transforms the cascade system to a singularly perturbed system, and then the second part makes the effect of sensor noise be arbitrarily small in the singularly perturbed system.


The paper constructs the risk evaluation index system of the integration of online to offline oftraditional retail enterprises from four aspects: platform operation, internal management, logisticsdistribution and information technology. Then by using the global optimization ability of the bee colonyalgorithm, the control parameters of the SVM algorithm are optimized, the ABC-SVM risk evaluation modelis constructed, and the evaluation result of simulation model is compared with the evaluation results of SASVM、GA-SVM、ACA-SVM、PRO-SVM to verify the validity and feasibility of the index system andalgorithm.


Objectives: Return to activity is a commonly used indication for shoulder hemiarthroplasty (HA) in comparison to total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Despite clinical studies demonstrating better functional outcomes after TSA, the literature has failed to show a difference in return to sport. The purpose of this study was to compare rates of return to sports in a matched cohort of TSA and HA patients with a preoperative diagnosis of glenohumeral osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: A prospectively collected registry was queried retrospectively for consecutive patients who underwent HA. Inclusion criteria were preoperative diagnosis of OA and > 2 years of follow up. After inclusion criteria, all HA were statistically matched to a TSA patient by preoperative diagnosis, age (+/- 5 yrs), sex, and follow up period (+/- 6 months). At final follow up both cohorts completed a questionnaire regarding physical fitness and sporting activities. Results: 40 HA and 40 TSA were available at final follow up. Average age at surgery was 65.7 years for HA and 66.2 year for TSA (p=0.06). Average follow up was 62.0 months for HA and 61.1 months for TSA (p=0.52). Average ASES scores improved for HA from 36.3 to 70.2 (p<0.001) and for TSA they improved from 34.0 to 78.5 (p<0.001). Final ASES scores were not significantly different between groups (p=0.21). Average VAS scores improved for HA from 6.3 to 2.2 (p<0.001), while TSA improved from 6.1 to 0.6 (p<0.001). HA patients had significantly worse final VAS scores compared to the TSA group (p=0.002). 70% (28) of HA patients compared to 15% (6) of TSA patients complained of postoperative problems with their shoulder (p<0.001). Significantly more TSA were satisfied with their surgery (p=0.01). 65.5% (19/29) of HA patients returned to at least one sport postoperatively compared to 97.3% (36/37) of TSA patients (p<0.001). Average timing for return to full sports was 5.5±4.2 months for HA and 5.4±3.1 months for TSA (p=0.92). Significantly more TSA patients returned to higher upper extremity use sports (p=0.01). Conclusion: In patients with OA, rate of return to sports was significantly better after TSA compared to HA. HA patients had significantly more pain, worse surgical satisfaction and decreased ability to return to high upper extremity use sports. For OA patients wishing to return to sporting activities, these result help manage expectations.


Reactions of the [Fe(CN)5NO]2− complex with biologically relevant thiols (HnRS = cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, ethyl cysteinate and glutathione) are initiated by the nucleophilic attack of a thiolate (RSn−) on the N atom of the NO+ ligand in the complex to form [Fe(CN)5N(O)SR](n+2)−. The N–S bond in the latter complex is, however, weak and can undergo both heterolytic and homolytic splitting. The former process makes the synthesis reaction reversible, whereas the latter is responsible for the spontaneous redox decomposition: [Fe(CN)5N(O)SR](n+2)− → [FeI(CN)5NO]3− + RS˙(n−1)−. The rate of the monomolecular reaction is controlled by an inductive effect in the thiol with an additional stabilisation coming from formation of a six-membered ring in the case of the N-acylated compounds. In the presence of thiolate excess, the RS˙(n−1)− radicals are transformed into the more stable RSSR˙(2n−1)− radicals, which are scavenged by both [Fe(CN)5N(O)SR](n+2)− and [Fe(CN)5NO]2−. The former reaction initiates, whereas the latter terminates, chain reactions of the catalysed redox decomposition. The catalytic decomposition (in the thiol excess) is much faster than the spontaneous decay (in the nitroprusside excess) but leads to the same final products. The Fe(I) reduction product is identified by UV/Vis, IR, electrochemical and EPR methods. The effect of molecular oxygen is investigated and explained. The mechanism is interpreted in terms of intermediate [Fe(CN)5N(O)(SR)2](2n+2)− complex formation via nucleophilic attack and its decay mainly via homolytic splitting of the N–S bond. To verify the mechanism, a simple reaction model is constructed, based on the assumption that the RSNO(n−1)− ligands are mostly responsible for the [Fe(CN)5N(O)(SR)](n+2)− reactivity and their electronic properties are discussed within the DFT framework.


This paper describes evaluation methods of serials and also introduces a case study related to the selection and evaluation of serials. A total of 1,291 titles of serials, which were subscription titles of POSTECH in the field of science and technology in 2002, were analyzed. This study employs the analysis of POSTECH SCI Article reference data to suggest the models for evaluating serials and to identify the guideline for journal selection and collection development.


In this work, we present the results of the investigation of the effect of prolonged cycling on the hydriding/dehydriding properties and on the structure of nanocrystalline MgH2−V composite under hydrogen containing 110 ppm of carbon monoxide. The hydrogen charge and discharge kinetics of the nanocomposite hydride were examined at 300 °C using up to 1000 cycles. Pressure composition isotherm measurements at 300 °C were also carried out. The measured kinetics curves show a significant and systematic slowing down of the absorption and desorption rates and, consequently, a decreased amplitude and delayed heat transfer signals in the reaction temperature curves. Associated with this effect, we observe an enlargement of the pressure hysteresis and a gradual enhancement of the plateau slopes. The results also show some loss in the hydrogen storage capacity of the composite during cycling. The X-ray crystal structure analysis after 1000 cycles reveals that the degradation of the hydriding and dehydriding propert...


Brittleness is an important factor that indicates shale properties, as well as fracturability, and it can be well-represented using the elasticity parameter Eρ. Seismic inversion allows direct access to the Eρ ofbrittleness parameters. Seismic inversion is a typical ill-posed problem that has an enormous multiplicity of solutions. In order to invert reservoir brittleness parameters more stably and reliably, a direct inversion method for determining brittleness parameters based on a reweighted Lp-norm is proposed, and the reweighted Lp method is introduced to brittleness parameter inversion for the first time. The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is used to establish the inversion structure and to optimize the objective function in blocks, which effectively improves the convergence speed. We first introduce a reweighted Lp method and establish a pre-stack inversion objective function based on the reweighted Lp method. Then, theoretical simulation data are applied to compare the inversion outcomes of the new method with those of the traditional method, and the effect of the method in this manuscript is verified. Finally, the feasibility of this method is further verified using actual data for experimental analysis. Through an analysis of the experimental results, we find that this method can be well-applied to seismic pre-stack inversion calculation and provides a new direct inversion method for the determination of brittleness parameters for exploration geophysics.


Using free field acoustic stimulation conditions, the spatial response areas of single neurons and auditory space representation in the inferior colliculus (IC) of the big brown bat Eptesicus fuscus, was studied under different ear positions. A best frequency stimulus was delivered from the loudspeaker which was moved manually across the frontal auditory space of the bat to determine the response center of the neuron. At the response center, the neuron had its maximal directional sensitivity. The spatial response area of each neuron was determined for acoustic stimuli set at several intensity levels above the minimum threshold of the neuron. The spatial response areas of each IC neuron expanded unsymmetrically with the stimulus intensity. The size of the spatial response area was not correlated with the minimum threshold, best frequency, or recording depth of each neuron. Although each neuron had a point of maximal directional sensitivity, the point‐to‐point representation of the auditory space was not sy...


Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic arthritis in the world. RA is characterized by inflammatory joint synovitis and a resultant joint destruction. Patients with RA often display positivity for rheumatoid factor (RF) and/or anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA). Methotrexate is an anchor oral drug to treat RA. Biological agents, targeting TNF or IL-6R, are efficient treatment to RA which prevent joint destruction in patients with RA. However, patients with RA are heterogeneous. Joint destruction develops rapidly in some patients but slowly in others. ACPA and/or RF are not positive for all patients with RA. Moreover, positivities of ACPA and RF do not always correlate with each other. About 30% of patients with RA do not respond to biological treatment. What kind of factors determines the heterogeneity of RA? Genetic and environmental effects are assumed to explain these variance. In this review, we focus on genetic components and review how much variance of susceptibility to RA or RA phenotype can be explained and determined by genetic components. Recent technological advancement has enabled us to perform genome-wide association studies to detect susceptibility loci to complex diseases with an unbiased approach. More than 100 susceptibility loci to RA have been detected so far, and functional analyses have been successfully performed for some. Autoantibody status in patients with RA is strongly associated with HLA alleles. Unfortunately, detecting markers associated with response to treatment in patients with RA have not been very successful to date. Rec.12/5/2013, Acc.1/22/2014, pp71‑77


The superior ancestor spirit of Cendajiangjun Temple (General Cen Temple) in West Guangxi is General Cen Huaiyuan. The title of "General Huayuan" has been given to the person Cen Shixing in the Tusi(headman) history of Clan Cen. Anyhow, such collective memories as Jiangjun Temple and Gexu (folksong singing-meeting) leave us some traces of the Zhuang's ancestors.


We have cloned a new gene, SCP160, from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the deduced amino acid sequence of which does not exhibit overall similarity to any known yeast protein. A weak resemblance between the C‐terminal part of the Scp160 protein and regulatory subunits of cAMP‐dependent protein kinases from eukaryotes as well as the pstB protein of Escherichia coli was observed. The SCP160 gene resides on the left arm of chromosome X and codes for a polypeptide of molecular weight around 160 kDa. By immunofluorescence microscopy the Scp160 protein appears to be localized to the nuclear envelope and to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, no signal sequence or membrane‐spanning region exists, suggesting that the Scp160 protein is attached to the cytoplasmic surface of the ER–nuclear envelope membranes. Disruption of the SCP160 gene is not lethal but results in cells of decreased viability, abnormal morphology and increased DNA content. This phenotype is not reversible by transformation with a plasmid carrying the wild‐type gene. Crosses of SCP160 deletion mutant strains among each other or with unrelated strains lead to irregular segregation of genetic markers. Taken together the data suggest that the Scp160 protein is required during cell division for faithful partitioning of the ER–nuclear envelope membranes which in S. cerevisiae enclose the duplicated chromosomes.


The current approaches to generating wiring rules for high speed PCBs and MCMs are unsatisfactory because they require intensive manual efforts or use over-simplifications In this paper, an automated approach based on a-priori simulation-based characterization of the interconnect circuit configurations is presented. The improved flexibility and accuracy provided by this approach, when compared with traditional approaches, are demonstrated via an MCM interconnect example. >


A scholarly edition of the letters of Richard Brinsley Sheridan. The edition presents an authoritative text, together with an introduction, commentary notes, and scholarly apparatus.


Multibeam bathymetric imagery of Ray of Islands, Newfoundland, is interpreted within the context of late-glacial and post-glacial processes- West of Humber Arm, the fiord floor is irregular and deep. Humber Arm has steep sidewalls and a flat floor. It contains glaciomarine mud. capped by a layer of red mud probably derived from the Deer Lake Basin, which was connected to the ocean ca. 12.2 ka. In the early postglacial period, sediments on the fiord sidewalls slid into deep water, forming erosional channels. Depositional lobes, stacked in many areas, overlie glaciomarine sediments in deep water. The glaciomarine and submarine slide sediments are overlain by postglacial mud that is imprinted by elongate, ovoid, and circular fluid-escape trenches, and sedimentary furrows. The natural morphology of the fiord has been modified by anthropogenic activity at Comer Brook. Effects include an apron of bark offshore from the paper mill, dredge spoil, and a sunken vessel at the mouth of Humber River. Large submarine slides, probably triggered by wharf construction at Seal Head, formed deep channels on the fiord sidewalls and overlapping depositional lobes on the fiord floor. They are morphologically similar to the lateglacial slide failures in the fund.

 RESUME
 Les images bathymetriques multifaisceaux de Bay of Islands, Terre-Neuve, sont interpretees dans le contexte des processus tardiglaciaires et post-glaciaires. A I'ouest de Humber Arm. Ie fond du l'jord est irregulier et profond. Humber Arm est dote de parois abruptes et d'un fond plat. Il renferme de la boue glaciomarine recouverte d'une couche de boue rouge provenant probablemenl du bassin du lac Deer, qui etait relie a l'ocean il y a environ 12.2 millies d'annees avant nos jours. Au debut de la periode post-glaciaire, Ies sediments sur Ies parois du l'jord ont glisse a l'interieur de I'eau profonde en formant des chenaux d'erosion. Des lobes sedimentaires s'empilant en de nombreux endroits recouvrent les sediments glaciomarins en eaux profondes. Les sediments de glissement glaciomarins et sous-marins sont recouverts d'une boue post-glaciaire marquee de tranchees allongees, ovoides et circulaires d'evacuation des liquides et de silions sedimentaires. L'activite anthropique a modi fie la morphologic naturelle du l'jord a Corner Brook. Les effets de cette activite comprennent un tablier d'ecorce au large de la papeterie, des materiaux de dragage et un navire ayant coule a I'embouchure dc la riviere Humber. D'importants eboulements sous-marins, probablement causes par la construction du quai de Seal Head, ont forme des chenaux profonds dans les parois du l'jord et des lobes sedimentaires qui se superposcnt sur Ic fond du l'jord Ceux-ci sont morphologiquemcnt analogues aux fractures de glissement tardiglaciaires dans le l'jord.

 Traduit par la redaction


In Ireland and the United Kingdom, public discourse around issues of sexual harassment and promotion and pay gaps is increasing. A lack of research, combined with a lack of understanding, means the full scale is unknown, and universities lack basic guidelines. Narrow definitions of excellence also shape academic culture. But action is slowly taking hold. The take-away is that nothing moves institutions fasterthan compliance and money.


This paper presents a progress report on the development of a dielectric‐loaded test accelerator in the Magnicon Facility at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). The accelerator will be powered by an 11.4‐GHz magnicon amplifier that provides up to 25 MW of output power in a ∼250‐ns pulse at up to 10 Hz. The accelerator includes a 5‐MeV electron injector originally developed at the Tsinghua University in Beijing, China, and can incorporate dielectric‐loaded accelerating (DLA) structures of up to 0.5 m in length. The DLA structures are being developed by Argonne National Laboratory and Euclid Techlabs, and shorter test structures fabricated from a variety of dielectric materials have undergone rf testing at NRL at accelerating gradients up to 15 MV/m. The first stage of the accelerator, including the 5‐MeV injector, has recently begun operation, and initial operation of the complete dielectric‐loaded test accelerator, including injector, DLA test structure, and spectrometer, should take place within the nex...


Like any other developing country in the world agriculture is the main economic activity of Cameroon. This sector is mainly dominated by smallholder farmers. Unfortunately, accessibility to finance is among the major drawbacks, which have implications to productivity hence income of smallholder farmers. This study was aimed at investigating the determinants of access to credit on the performance of smallholder farmers in the Kumba municipality. Specifically, the study sought to examine (1) collateral security, (2) cost of credit facility and (3) knowledge/awareness of financial procedures on the performance of smallholder farmers. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. Using a multi-stage sampling procedure, 272 questionnaires were administered to smallholder farmers in the Kumba municipality. The data was analysed descriptively with the use of frequency tables and inferentially, using the multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that collateral security, cost of credit facilities and knowledge/awareness of financial procedures have a Original Research Article Chenaa et al.; AJAEES, 25(1): 1-12, 2018; Article no.AJAEES.40448 2 significant impact on the performance of smallholder farmers as indicated by the t-values of 4.74, 4.73 and 17.43 respectively. An F-statistics of 21.19, greater than the critical F-value of 3.157 was obtained, implying that there exists a significant relationship between the determinants of access to credit (collateral security, cost of capital and knowledge and awareness of financial procedures) and performance of small holder farmers in the Kumba municipality. The study recommended amongst others that government should provide exclusive financial services to farmers and also ensure the smooth running and establishment of policies governing agriculture. Micro financial institutions should provide financial literacy to smallholder farmers and also develop new financial products that will cater for the needs of smallholder farmers particularly in Kumba municipality and Cameroon as a whole.


The current COVID-19 crisis continues to grow and has resulted in marked changes to clinical operations. In parallel with clinical preparedness, universities have shut down the majority of scientific research activities. Radiology researchers are currently grappling with these challenges that will continue to affect current and future imaging research. The purpose of this article is to describe the collective experiences of a diverse international group of academic radiology research programs in managing their response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The acute response at six distinct institutions will first be described, exploring common themes, challenges, priorities, and practices. This will be followed by reflections about the future of radiology research in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.


We report an experimental demonstration of 4 × 4 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless visible light communications (VLC) using a charge-coupled device image sensor receiver instead of a photodiode receiver. An image sensor is a kind of digital camera, which is used in most mobile devices such as smart phones or laptop computers and a promising commercial candidate for a VLC receiver. The transmission distance of the experimental result is over 10 m, enough for most indoor communication applications. We expect that the MIMO VLC technique based on image sensor receivers can be widely used with the development of high-speed image sensors.


The producing method of oil absorbent felt using recycled polyester bottle flakes is discussed, emphasizing on processes parameters such as dryness, filtration, spinning technique, drawing ratio, and etc.


The accurate prediction of water levels is essential for the efficient operation of hydraulic structures such as dams. However, such predictions are impossible when considering all factors affecting water level changes. Recently, with the development of artificial neural networks, there has been research on water level prediction using deep learning models. In this study, the deep learning technique of Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) was combined with Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) techniques, which afford advantages in time series data processing to predict the water level of Daecheong Dam. Three data preprocessing processes were applied to improve accuracy in water level predictions by taking travel time into account, adding the outflow data of the dam, and normalizing the data. Eight cases were created with the three data preprocessing processes. When normalization was performed for the data that took travel time into account and the data were then used as input data for LSTM, the best prediction result was found for the peak water level of the dam. If various other data preprocessing techniques are applied in addition to those applied in this study, RNN and LSTM will show improved prediction results.


Objective To explore the value of lactate clearance rate in the process of fluid resuscitation in elderly patients with septic shock undergoing early goal-directed therapy(EGDT).Methods Fifty elderly patients with septic shock were admitted to receive EGDT.These patients were divided into two groups,achieving resuscitation target group and non-achieving resuscitation target group.On the initial and after EGDT,mean arterial pressure(MAP),right atria pressure(RAP),venous oxygen saturation(SvO2),acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE II) and lactate clearance rate were detected.Finally the relationships between MAP,RAP,SvO2,APACHE II and lactate clearance rate were evaluated using correlation analysis.Results The percentage of achieving resuscitation target in the elderly patient with septic shock undergoing EGDT was 70%.RAP in achieving resuscitation target patients was significantly higher than in no-achieving resuscitation target patients(14.38±1.04 vs.13.08±1.08,P0.05). Lactate clearance rate(25.20±14.03 vs.8.51±19.24,P0.05) and SvO2(73.62±2.33 vs.64.34±4.92,P0.05) were significantly higher in achieving resuscitation target group than in non-achieving resuscitation target group.Moreover,correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the level of lactate clearance rate and SvO2(r=0.50,P0.05) in achieving resuscitation target group.Conclusions Lactate clearance rate,as a marker of tissue perfusion and oxygen metabolism,is very important in evaluation of the effects of fluid resuscitation.Therefore,lactate clearance rate should be paid more attention in the process of fluid resuscitation in elderly patients with septic shock undergoing early goal-directed therapy.


We derive from the Maxwell tensor the forces and torques applied to a uniaxial anisotropic crystal when an extraordinary wave passes through it, and we show that the momentum to be associated with the wave in the crystal is collinear with the Poynting vector. Next, we present experimental results of torque measurements using, successively, two uniaxial anisotropic crystals placed inside a variable pressure container. We finally compare our results with those obtained by other authors and show that, according to the types of experiments, either Abraham's or Minkowski's momentum density will appear. [Translated by the journal]


In clause the influence of the introduced refusals on operational reliability of means of radio engineering maintenance of flights and telecommunication is considered.


Wheat is an important cereal crop in Ethiopia that is widely cultivated in a wide range of altitude. It ranks fourth in area coverage and total production after teff, maize and sorghum. Hadiya Zone is one of the major wheat producing areas in Ethiopia and it is recognized as one of the wheat belts in the country. But wheat production is threatened by abiotic and biotic constraints. Among the biotic, wheat rust (stem rust, yellow rust and stripe rust) is one of the major limitations of wheat production. Even though, Hadiya zone is known in wheat production, there is no detailed information regarding the distribution, incidence and severity of wheat rust. Therefore, this study was conducted with the following objective: to assess the reaction of varieties against wheat rust. The survey was conducted in 2017main cropping season from mid September to mid October in three districts of Hadiya zone (Misha, Lemo and Duna). A total of 72 fields were surveyed at every 5 to 10 km using vehicle odometer along the main and accessible road sides. The plant samples with in a selected field were taken in X-fashion using 0.5m X 0.5m (0.25m 2 ) quadrates. Reaction of wheat varieties to stem rust ranges from 5.5% - 16 %. The lowest severity of stem rust was recorded on variety Digalu (5.5%) where as the highest was from local variety (16%). In general, disease severity was classified under low class. The survey work showed that if susceptible improved and local cultivars continue to grow as mono-cropping system (due to strategy of cluster farming) serious wheat rust epidemics may occur in the zones and may cause high economic loss. Therefore, it is advised to device other farming system instead of cluster farming and replacing of susceptible varieties with new resistant varieties. DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/10-6-02 Publication date: March 31 st 2020


For a generic quantum field theory we study the role played by the renormalization-group (RG) running of the cosmological constant (CC) in determining the ultimate fate of the universe. We consider the running of the CC of generic origin (the vacuum energy of quantum fields and the potential energy of classical fields), with the RG scale proportional to the (total energy density$\rm{)^{1/4}}$ as the most obvious identification. Starting from the present-era values for cosmological parameters we demonstrate how the running can easily provide a negative cosmological constant, thereby changing the fate of the universe, at the same time rendering compatibility with critical string theory. We also briefly discuss the recent past in our scenario.


The wireless sensor networks (WSNs) provides an advance way for connection of various applications. Most of the applications use the wireless sensor network to transmit the information from the device to the main base station. The main operation of the wireless sensor network is to first sense the data using the sensor, then collect the data and finally transmit to the required base station. The data is transmitted in a timely manner such that the other wireless sensor network transmitting the information should not have any problem. During the transmission of the data the main objective of the wireless sensor network device is to provide reliability to the information which is being sent with less latency and to reduce the energy consumption in order to increase the lifespan of the wireless sensor network. Therefore, this paper presents an Energy Efficient Routing for the Target Tracking (EER-TT) in the wireless sensor network which provides reliability, less latency and reduces the energy consumption during the transmission of the information to the base station. Proposed model also provides a cluster selection method for the routing of the wireless sensor network devices. The results attained show that our model EER-TT shows better results when compared with the existing routing-based models.


This paper presents a novel RF receiver front-end using only one shared tail current for low power application. The 5 GHz receiver front-end RFIC includes a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), a double balanced mixer and a low noise amplifier (LNA) in a cascoded topology. The receiver RFIC was implemented in a 0.5 m SiGe BiCMOS technology. The VCO oscillation frequency is around 5 GHz, targeting at the WLAN 802.11a application. The VCO phase noise was measured around -105 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz frequency offset. Intermediate frequency (IF) output is centered at frequency of 600 MHz using a low-IF architecture and the conversion gain is measured more than 15 dB. The 1 dB gain compression point and sensitivity of the frontend is measured greater than -14 dBm and smaller than - 60 dBm respectively. The front-end core consumes 3.3 mA current from a 3.3 V power supply and occupies 1.4 mm2 area.


A method is described for evaluating protein digestion and absorption by measuring the fecal excretion of isotope after the administration of a test meal of I131-labeled protein. Application of this method to 10 children without gastrointestinal disase and to five with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas revealed the following:
 1. Less than 6% of the ingested isotope was excreted in the feces of the "control" subjects.
 2. A 10 to 40% (av. 22.5%) fecal excretion of the ingested isotope occurred in the children with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas.
 3. A 50% decrease in the fecal excretion of isotope resulted in 2 of 4 children with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas when pancreatin was fed with the test meal.
 4. One patient with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas, who after receiving pancreatin still excreted 40% or more of the ingested isotope in the feces, excreted only 8% when the test was repeated with prehydrolyzed protein.


Recent investigations of the compound NaSn (1:1) have indicated that both fast conduction of ${\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$ cations and rapid reorientations of (${\mathrm{Sn}}_{4}$${)}^{4\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ anions are present in the high-temperature solid phase, \ensuremath{\alpha}-NaSn. We have used $^{23}\mathrm{Na}$ and $^{119}\mathrm{Sn}$ nuclear magnetic resonance to separately monitor the motions of Na and Sn in the low-temperature ordered solid phase, \ensuremath{\beta}-NaSn, where the correlation times of the motions are much longer. The ${\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$ motions are evident in ${\mathit{T}}_{1}$, ${\mathit{T}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}$, ${\mathit{T}}_{2}$, and ${\mathit{T}}_{2}^{\mathrm{*}}$ (linewidth) $^{23}\mathrm{Na}$ data at magnetic fields of 8.0 and 2.0 T. The Na motions are described by a single time constant with thermal activation parameters ${\mathit{E}}_{\mathit{a}}$/${\mathit{k}}_{\mathit{B}}$=9700 K and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathit{D}}$(\ensuremath{\infty})=1.7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{14}$ ${\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$. Sn motions are evident in ${\mathit{T}}_{2}$, line shape, and stimulated echo data taken at 8.0 T. $^{119}\mathrm{Sn}$ stimulated echo data unequivocally show the Sn motion to be reorientations of ${\mathrm{Sn}}_{4}$ tetrahedra; any diffusion of Sn between tetrahedra is much slower. The combined ${\mathit{T}}_{2}$ and stimulated echo data for $^{119}\mathrm{Sn}$ demonstrate that the ${\mathrm{Sn}}_{4}$ reorientations are thermally activated with ${\mathit{E}}_{\mathit{a}}$/${\mathit{k}}_{\mathit{B}}$=13 800 K and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathit{R}}$(\ensuremath{\infty})=2.3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{15}$ ${\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$. The temperature dependence of the $^{119}\mathrm{Sn}$ ${\mathit{T}}_{1}$ fits an activation energy of 7000 K; the Sn ${\mathit{T}}_{1}$ is believed to be due to thermally activated charge carriers.


Flat-plate and evacuated tube collectors are the most widely used device to convert solar radiation into heat. In conventional applications they can provide energy for domestic hot water or space heating in combination with low water temperature systems.
Testing of thermal efficiency and optimisation of these solar thermal collectors are addressed and discussed in the present work.
A new set of experimental data has been used to evaluate the performance of flat-plate and evacuated collectors at various conditions. Efficiency is measured following the standard EN 12975: standard efficiency curves, input/output energy curves and daily efficiency curves have been obtained from tests.
This approach allows a more comprehensive comparison of the effective performance of the solar thermal collectors considered here.
A simulation tool of the flat-plate thermal collector is also proposed. The numerical model permits to obtain a "virtual collector" and provides information on the predicted performance without constructing prototypes. The three-dimensional steady-state model for flat-plate solar collector is validated comparing model predictions with experimental results obtained from experimental tests on two flat-plate collectors. Measures of the temperature profile in the copper sheet, in the glass cover and in the tubes, and an infrared analysis, are used to investigate the heat losses and optical characteristics.
The numerical model has been also used to analyse comparative effects of varying design choices, with regard to geometry and materials.
The evacuated tube collectors are in principle more expensive than flat-plate collectors and they are suitable for more higher temperature systems (space heating, absorption cooling machines..). Their geometry makes more difficult to fully characterize the collector performance. A new procedure to characterize these type of collectors has been developed and described in this thesis. Efficiency tests have been performed on a U-tube evacuated tubular collector, using a cylindrical absorber, both with and without external CPC (compound parabolic concentrator) reflectors.
Experimental results have been used to validate the new procedure and to provide information on the improvement of collectors' performance obtained through the use of external CPC reflectors.


As the pre-school sugar intake of kids rings alarm bells and the middle-aged spread of Brits prompts health warnings, Gaby Bissett considers how the dental team is perfectly placed to turn the tide


We revisit and improve the analytic study arXiv:1804.03462 of spherically symmetric but dynamical black holes in Einstein's gravity coupled to a real scalar field. We introduce a series expansion in a small parameter $\epsilon$ that implements slow time dependence. At the leading order, the generic solution is a quasi-stationary Schwarzschild-de Sitter (SdS) metric, i.e. one where time-dependence enters only through the mass and cosmological constant parameters of SdS. The two coupled ODEs describing the leading order time dependence are solved up to quadrature for an arbitrary scalar potential. Higher order corrections can be consistently computed, as we show by explicitly solving the Einstein equations at the next to leading order as well. We comment on how the quasi-stationary expansion we introduce here is equivalent to the non-relativistic $1/c$ expansion.


Lower and upper bounds are given for the asymptotic efficiency of the paired T2 test relative to the two-sample T2 test in comparative multivariate experiments. Consistent estimates for these bounds are illustrated numerically and their relevance to small samples is discussed. Conditions are given such that each procedure dominates the other globally; when these fail the sets of alternatives are characterized at which each procedure dominates the other locally.


Black phosphorus (black P), which is a promising candidate as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries, was synthesized by a high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) method from white and red phosphorus. The study revealed the electrochemical activity of pure black P under different pressures and temperatures systematically. The sample shows higher crystallinity and purity by the HPHT method. Lithium-ion batteries containing black phosphorus as anode materials exhibited a high specific capacity and excellent cycling performance. Black phosphorus obtained from white phosphorus exhibited the highest first discharge and charge capacities of 2505 and 1354 mAh·g–1 at 4 GPa and 400 °C and that obtained from red phosphorus exhibited the highest first discharge and charge capacities of 2649 and 1425 mAh·g–1 at 4.5 GPa and 800 °C. Black P was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.


The acid dissociation constants of the o-arsono-o′-hydroxy azo compounds, and their chelate stability constants with alkaline earth metals, have been measured by the pH titration method at an ionic strength of 0.10 and at 25.0±0.1°C. These azo compounds were synthesized by the coupling reaction of diazotized o-aminophenylarsonic acid with naphthol sulfonates. As the coupling components, 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonic acid (chromotropic acid), 2-hydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonic acid (R acid), and 1-hydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonic acid were used. o-Arsonophenylazochromotropic acid (Neo-Thorin) formed the most stable chelates. It was concluded that the stabilization of the metal chelate ring of the Neo-Thorin was due to a quasi-aromaticity of the six-membered ring which was produced by the hydrogen bond between two naphtholic hydroxyl groups of chromotropic acid. The metal chelate stability order, Mg>Ca>Sr>Ba, is parallel to the reciprocal of the ionic radii of the metal ions.


Recent precision spectroscopic measurements of 2s-2p transition energies in high-Z helium-like and lithium-like ions are sensitive to relativistic and QED contributions. Comparisons are presented between the latest experimental results and theoretical calculations for these transitions along the helium-like and lithium-like isoelectronic sequences.


For the purpose of scientific investigation of the Bikini area, the research vessel•gShunkotsu Maru•hwas sent out by the Fisheries Agency of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. The administrative counter-measure taken by the Japanese Government had been groping its way prior to the expedition, because of no availability of any information concerning the route of contamination to fishes, the influence of radioactivity upon fishes, the actual state of polluted sea water of the South Pacific especially of the•gWarning Area•haround the Bikini Atoll or security against voyage and fishing operation around the area. Leaving Tokyo Harbour on May 15, 1954, the expedition was launched, and it was continued till July 4. The author was nominated as a member of the biological corps by the Ministry of Health and Welfare to participate the ex-


ABSTRACT Many patients with ulcerative colitis after ileoanal pouch anastomosis report improvement of pouchitis with the use of cannabis. Nine patients with chronic pouchitis used 1 g/d of cannabis: 7 patients were male with average age 51 ± 16 years. Average partial pouchitis disease activity index were 11 (range 8–17), 6 (range 5–8), and 5 (range 4–8); endoscopic subscores were 7 .3 ± 2.3, 6 ± 1.1, and 4.4 ± 0.9; average bowel movements per day were 14 (range 8–20), 8 (range 2–13), and 10 (range 13–8); and quality of life increased from 72 ± 1 to 90 ± 16 and 97 ± 10 (P = 0.001) before cannabis treatment and after 8–12 and 52 weeks, respectively. No adverse events were reported.


PURPOSE: A brake pedal device is provided to prevent the injury of a driver is provided to prevent the injury of a driver through rotating a pedal to the front side of a vehicle by force in case of a vehicle collision occurred. CONSTITUTION: A brake pedal device comprises a brake pedal(3) and a rotary lever(5). The brake pedal is supported in a vehicle body to be rotated. The brake pedal device rotates the brake pedal to the front side of a vehicle by force. The brake pedal is installed in a vehicle body bracket to be detached by a brake pedal mounting bracket(2). The rotary lever is rotated by a vehicle body in case of a vehicle collision occurred. The rotary lever is installed in the pedal mounting bracket to be rotated in case of a vehicle collision occurred.


The genotypes were replicated four times arranged in four blocks. In each block, the pots were arranged in a split-plot manner, where the genotypes were main plots, and the SCN and no-SCN treatments were sub-plots. (PPTX)


Over the past decade there has been a changing policy landscape in Ontario that aimed at assisting foreign-trained immigrants to integrate into their intended professions. However, many foreign-trained immigrants continuously face barriers in the labour market such that their employment experiences are often contrary to their expectations. This study explores and examines the factors influencing the employment trajectory of Internationally Educated Professionals (IEPs) in Canada. In particular, the study focuses on selected Filipino immigrants and IEPs from other cultures, and examines their employment trajectories and shifts in professional status. Recent literature indicates that there is a widening gap between the policies of immigrant inclusion and equity in many Western countries and the social realities of immigrants in the workforce. This study is an interpretive qualitative research with a critical orientation using Bourdieu's theory of social reproduction as a lens. A total of 30 participants were divided into three


A deterministic microscopic car-following model considering delayed reactions of human drivers is studied from systems perspective for chain stability of a configuration of vehicles arranged on a single lane cruising at constant velocity without changing lanes. Two different driving strategies accompanied by two different delay models are incorporated in this microscopic model. Arising analytical derivations from chain stability analysis help compare the effects of these strategies to and characterization of the traffic flow in the parameter space defining the delays and the coefficients representing the aggressiveness of the drivers. Illustrative examples are provided.


Effects of culture conditions such as shading, nutrition status of the soil, water culture and other effective measures on the yield and ginsenoside content of Panax quinqnefolium are reviewed in this paper.


Schizophrenia is considered to be the heartland of psychiatry and core of its clinical practice. There have been disagreements regarding its diagnostic criteria. Schneiderian first rank symptoms have been given much importance ill international classification systems. Prevalence of first rank symptoms has been reported to be from 28% to 73%. This study was done to estimate the prevalence of first rank symptoms in schizophrenia in patients presenting in outpatients departments of Mayo hospital Lahore and Institute of mental health Lahore. 168 patients were studied. Fifty patients were suffering from schizophrenia. Twenty-live patients each were suffering from mania and psychotic depression. Fifty patients had neurotic (disorders and 18 patients were suffering from drug-induced psychosis. ICD-10 was used as diagnostic criteria and Mellor's definitions of first rank symptoms were used. Prevalence of first rank symptoms in schizophrenia was found to be 56%. Very few patients from other diagnostic categories had first rank symptoms. Prevalence of first rank symptoms in schizophrenia is lower than reported from studies done in the West. Local criteria and instruments should be developed for use in our own population.


Photonic time stretch enables real-time high-throughput optical coherence tomography (OCT), but with massive data volume being a real challenge. In this paper, data compression in high-throughput optical time-stretch OCT has been explored and experimentally demonstrated. This is made possible by exploiting the spectral sparsity of an encoded optical pulse spectrum using a compressive sensing approach. Both randomization and integration have been implemented in the optical domain avoiding electronic bottleneck. A data compression ratio of 66% has been achieved in high-throughput OCT measurements with 1.51-MHz axial scan rate using greatly reduced data sampling rate of 50 MS/s. Potential to improve compression ratio has been exploited. In addition, using a dual pulse integration method, capability of improving frequency measurement resolution in the proposed system has been demonstrated. A number of optimization algorithms for the reconstruction of the frequency-domain OCT signals have been compared in terms of reconstruction accuracy and efficiency. Our results show that the $l_1$  magic implementation of the primal-dual interior point method offers the best compromise between accuracy and reconstruction time of the time-stretch OCT signal tested.


BL21(DE3). Obtained transformant clones were cultured and induced by addition of IPTG 1 mM to produce the expression of recombinant human IFN α2a proteins. As result of isolation process, recombinant protein of human IFN α2a are collected in fused protein thus can simplify the detection and purification method. The proteins are characterized by the SDS PAGE method followed by western blot. The results show that the recombinant human IFN alpha 2a protein bands are exactly 36 kDa. The maximum expression results were obtained at 37⁰C with 5 hours incubation after induction process. Recombinant human IFN α2a fusion proteins were expressed predominantly as a soluble form in the cytoplasm cells.


Various investigators have presented evidence to show that the hypophysis plays an important rôle in carbohydrate metabolism. The first conclusive evidence is that of Houssay and coworkers, who found (1) that extracts of the anterior lobe of the hypophysis injected into normal dogs produce hyperglycemia, glycosuria and ketonuria, and when injected into depancreatized dogs, an increase in severity of the diabetes; 1 , 2 (2) that removal of the hypophysis in normal dogs leads to a hypersensitivity to insulin, 3 hypoglycemic convulsions during fasting, and an increased tolerance to glucose; 4 , 5 (3) that in depancreatized dogs, removal of the hypophysis restores the carbohydrate metabolism to an approximately normal condition, but renders the animal hypersensitive to insulin; 6 , 7 that injection of active anterior-lobe extracts causes a reappearance of the symptoms of diabetes in hypophysectomized-depancreatized dogs. 8 These findings have been largely confirmed by the work of Evans et al., 9 Barnes and Regan, 10 Daggs and Eaton, 11 and Corkill et al. 12 Since the removal of the hypophysis decreases the symptoms of experimental diabetes, it was thought that destructive doses of X-ray to the hypophysis might produce similar results. Six dogs were depancreatized and allowed to recover under insulin administration. About one week after operation they were placed on a basic diet of dog biscuits, cane sugar and freshly ground meat, to which was added liberal amounts of fresh or dried pancreas. Approximately 2 units of insulin per kilo body weight were given twice daily at the time of feeding. After the wound had healed completely, usually within 3 weeks, food and insulin were withheld for a period of 18 to 20 hours, and the tolerance of the animal to orally administered glucose was determined. After taking an initial blood sample, 1.75 gm. glucose per kilo was given by stomach tube, and further blood samples were taken at 15, 45, 75, and 105 minute intervals. Blood sugar was determined by Folin's method.


Despite the development of surgical thyroidology, there are certain rare thyroid diseases those require special attention. One of such rarities is primary thyroid lymphoma. The authors analyzed the literature data and their own experience, it was confirmed that, as a rule, this disease appears against the background of autoimmune thyroiditis, proceeds progressively quickly with the involvement of surrounding tissues and organs. The treatment started in the early stages of the disease is crowned with success, in more neglected cases one needs to make decompression operations with maximal removal of tissues and following specific treatment.


The cover picture shows a selection of transition-metal complexes in which tailored chiral ligands or auxiliaries control the metal-centered configuration; the background highlights Alfred Werner's historical publication 100 years ago regarding the first experimental verification of metal-centered chirality in octahedral metal complexes. Nowadays, highly preorganized chiral motifs in multidentate ligands, such as the 1,1′-binaphthyl moiety of the shown bis(8-quinolinolato)chromium(III) complex (top-left corner) or the (bipyrrolidine)iron(III) complex shown in the bottom-right corner, are capable of efficiently controlling the relative and absolute stereochemistry upon metal complexation. Alternatively, aromatic face-to-face π-stacking can be exploited for the implementation of the metal-centered chirality as demonstrated by the bis(iminobipyridine)iron(II) complex displayed in the bottom-left corner. The ruthenium(II) complex on the top right is an intermediate in the auxiliary-mediated asymmetric synthesis of (polypyridyl)ruthenium complexes. Further details are presented in the Microreview by E. Meggers on p. 2911 ff, which provides an overview of the asymmetric synthesis of octahedral metal complexes, ranging from the first experiments to the current state of the art. The structures of the metal complexes shown were created with PyMOL (DeLano Scientific LLC).


This paper attempts to establish a zoning of ranks of susceptibility expressed in terms of instability and tendency to slope collapse. A study of the biophys...


Objective To evaluate the functional alternations of canine renal ischemia and reperfusion injury by using MR perfusion-weighted imaging, and to correlate the imaging with the pathologic findings. Methods Using 1. 5 T MR system, four groups of three anesthetized dogs each were studied by left renal artery ligation for 30-, 60-, 90-, and 120-min, respectively, after the removal of ligation, reperfusion injury was suffered for one hour. True-FISP, TSE, and EPI sequences were performed in five different time phases ( pre-ischemia, onset-ischemia, post-ischemia, onset-reperfusion, and post-reperfusion). Finally, IR-turbo-FLASH sequence (TR 5. 8 ms, TE 3. 2 ms, TI 400 ms, FA 12°) with a temporal resolution of 1. 16 s was performed. Signal intensity (SI) in cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla was measured. SI was plotted as a function of time. Peak height (P) , time to peak (Tp) , and the area (A) under the time-course curves after the intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA were estimated. Blood and urine examples were collected for measuring serum creatinine level and urinary protein before and after the insult. Histologic examination was performed with light and electron microscopy in all dogs. Results After arterial ligation,there was marked and significant reduction in the SI of each layer of left kidney on true-FISP, TSE, and EPI, except for the SI of inner medulla on TSE. After the removal of ligation,there were no significant differences in the SI of cortex of both kidneys, however, significant differences in the SI of outer and inner medulla of both kidneys remained on EPI in all groups. The turbo-FLASH study clearly depicted the three-phase pattern of SI changes in each layer on right kidney. The uniphasic enhancement pattern in all groups was showed in outer and inner medulla on left kidney, with the area under the curve decreased. Conclusion This preliminary study shows that MR perfusion-weighted imaging may be useful and very promising for the evaluation of renal dysfunction following normothermic ischemia and reperfusion injury.


The parameters of the function f(t)=c(e−at-e−bt) are related in a simple way to the moments ∞ tnf(t)dt(n=0, 1, 2). Using empirical values of f, the moments can be estimated by numerical integration. Therefrom estimates of the parameters are obtained by elementary algebra.


A METHODOLOGY FOR KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION DEPENDS ON THE DESIGN OF THE TARGET KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM; FOR EXAMPLE, KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION FOR A RULE- BASED SYSTEM IS ULTIMATELY RULE ACQUISITION. THE THESIS OF THIS PAPER IS THAT THE DESIGN OF A KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM SHOULD ANTICIPATE THE ACQUISITION PROCESS. WE DESCRIBE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN FOR ACQUISITION: HOW TO DESIGN SYSTEMS THAT FACILITATE KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION. SINCE EXPERT SYSTEMS GET THEIR ABILITIES FROM LARGE AMOUNTS OF DOMAIN-SPECIFIC KNOWLEDGE, A DESIGN THAT FOSTERS ACQUISITION ALSO ENHANCES PERFORMANCE. WE FOCUS ON TWO KINDS OF KNOWLEDGE THAT ARE TRADITIONALLY DIFFICULT TO ACQUIRE: KNOWLEDGE ABOUT COMBINING EVIDENCE AND KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CONTROL. IN MANY DOMAINS, SUCH AS MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT, MUCH EXPERTISE CONCERNS MANAGING UNCERTAINTY, DECIDING WHAT TO DO WHEN EVIDENCE IS INSUF- FICIENT. WE SHOW HOW THE DESIGN OF A KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM CAN MAKE IT POSSIBLE TO ACQUIRE COMBINING AND CONTROL KNOWLEDGE EXPERTS. DESIGN PRINCIPLES ARE ILLUSTRATED WITH EXAMPLES FROM MUM, A KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM FOR THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CHEST AND ABDOMINAL PAIN.


This paper is a discussion of the teaching reform and practice of the course of photogrammetry.Based on the analysis of the issues,conditions and background of the course,reform on teaching content and method is proposed.Innovation on how to cultivate students′ creativity and teachers′ research activity are also discussed.We argue that the reform and innovation proposed will be beneficial to the development of students′ practical ability through the course of photogrammetry and the society at large.


A stochastic frontier production function is defined for panel data on sample firms, such that the disturbances associated with observations for a given smaple firm involve the differences between traditiona! symmetric random errors and a non-negative random variable, which is associated with the technical efficiency of the firm. Given that the nonnegative firm effects have a general truncated normal distribution, we obtain the best predictor for the firm-effect random variables and, hence, the technical efficiency of individual firms, given the values of the disturbances in the model. The results obtained are a generalization of those presented by Jondrow et al. (1982) for a cross-sectional model in which the firm effects have half-normal distribution.


The diversity of research interests and the appearance during the past two years of several studies which are destined to become classics strongly confirm the health and vitality of historical geography. One may identify a series of clusters around which research interests have coalesced; these clusters wax and wane over time as the intellectual climate changes. Landscape and identity, for example, continue to attract strong interest while the cluster focused on medieval Britain seems to be on the wane. The historical geography of Ireland has seen a surprising flowering and the cluster focused on social policy, power and the state continues strongly. The quincentenary of European arrival in the Americas sparked a series of reflective essays, a cluster which will probably prove to be a temporary phenomenon. A major new cluster has formed around the historical geography and environmental history. Closely related to this cluster is an emerging concern to broaden


This paper contains a survey on the development history of non-negative matrix factorization algorithm(NMF).The basic mathematical theory of NMF and improved NMF are briefly introduced,then it is used to the clustering of a Alzheimer's disease microarray data set and the result are obtained after comparing to the traditional NMF algorithm.


FRANCEBORDEAUX, FRANCE-- Antoine de Daruvar injects the real world into his bioinformatics classroom in an attempt to reinvigorate higher education.


A nonlinear gain scheduling control strategy based on neuro-fuzzy network models is proposed. In neuro-fuzzy-network-based modeling, the process operation is partitioned into several fuzzy operating regions, and within each region, a local linear model is used to model the process. The global model output is obtained through center-of-gravity defuzzification. Process knowledge is used to initially set up the network structure, and process input−output data are used to train the network. Based on a neuro-fuzzy network model, a nonlinear controller can be developed by combining several local linear controllers that are tuned on the basis of the local model parameters. This strategy represents a nonlinear gain scheduled controller. The techniques have been successfully applied to the modeling and control of pH dynamics in a simulated continuous stirred tank reactor.


Injection of lipjodol! in the bronchi, for example, does not generally produce any detectable clinical symptoms of irritation. Absorption takes place without reaction and during a fairly short space of time. The case is different with subdural injections. In order to find out the effect of lipjodol on the meninges the author carried out experiments with subdural injections on 7 rabbits. The mode of procedure was as follows: The skull was trephined, with every aseptic precaution, immediately in front of the cerebellum by the help of a trephine or an armed probe after which about 1 em" of Iipjodol was injected subdurally. In some cases the needle was also introduced into the lateral ventricles where a certain amount of lipjodol was injected. The injections were done slowly and carefully. Immediately after the operation the rabbits were examined under X-rays in order to determine the exact position of the injected lipjodol. One rabbit died one day after the injection; the rest of them were killed at different times after the injection (2 days 4 months). Repeated X-ray examinations were carried out during this time, including, in most cases, such of the detached brain and spinal cord. The general condition of most of the animals was more or less affected during the next few days after the injection. They were


A preparation of autologous dendritic cells (DC) mixed with cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells (DC-CIK), with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. DCs were obtained ex vivo by incubation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) with granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulating factor (GM-CSF or CSF2), tumor necrosis factor (T NF), and interleukin (IL)-24 and were sensitized with tumor-associated antigens (T AAs). Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are immune effector cells with both T cell and natural killer (NK) cell like phenotype. CIKs are non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted, NK-like T -lymphocytes, which express both CD3, a T -cell surface marker, and CD56, a natural killer cell surface marker, and have been generated ex vivo by incubation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, IL-2, IL-1 alpha, and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and then expanded. Upon co-culture of DCs and CIKs, and administration of DC-CIK cells into the patient, the DCs are able to stimulate the immune response to exert a specific anti-tumor immune response, while the CIK cells exert direct oncolytic activity. Qeios · Definition, February 2, 2020


The Gurgueia River in southern Piaui state, Brazil, is the largest affluent on the right margin of the Parnaiba River basin. This study aimed to inventory the Gurgueia River ichthyofauna, and contribute to the knowledge of fish diversity in Northeastern Brazil. We sampled 71 locations throughout the Gurgueia sub-basin between 2006 and 2014, which resulted in 90 fish species representing 67 genera, 26 families and six orders, including two non-native species. Six species are newly recorded for the Parnaiba basin ( Hasemania nana, Hemigrammus brevis, H. guyanensis, H. ora, Corydoras sp. and Cetopsorhamdia sp.), increasing its freshwater ichthyofauna to 152 species. The Gurgueia River contains 59.2% of the ichthyofauna known for the Parnaiba basin, and can be used as a reference point for the establishment of priority areas for the conservation of the freshwater fish fauna of the Brazilian Northeast.


This is the first of a series of four descriptive papers on metrology in clinical practice. It gives a view of the current state of radiation measurement (and associated protection problems) in modern hospitals.


This work provides an analysis of the thin crystalline silicon PV module for a Lightweight PV (LPV) system. We first examine the advantages of the LPV system and then discuss the technical and economic challenges of the thin crystalline silicon PV module in assisting LPV system development for future market penetration. A critical analysis is conducted on the efficiency and yield challenge, and the system weight and costs reduction of thin crystalline silicon PV for the future development of the LPV system. It has shown that the key in speeding up thin silicon LPV market diffusion lies in developing cost-effective passivation and light trapping methods, as well as high-yield thin silicon fabrication technologies.