India facing many challenges in management of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) like ineffective regulations, unsafe conditions of informal recycling, poor awareness of consumers and unwillingness of the stakeholders to address the issues. A mere 1.5% of India's total WEEE gets recycle and almost 90% carry out by Kabadiwala. It has been observed over the past 10 years that things have been going to iron to plastic. So, plastics from WEEE have been one of the fastest growing waste streams. Pyrolysis of WEEE plastics has been viable processing route to deal with this issue. Pyrolysis of WEEE plastic is thermochemical decomposition of organic material at high temperature and in absence of oxygen. In pyrolysis of WEEE plastics different polymers of plastic like ABS(Acrylonitrile Butadience Styrene),HIPS(High impact polystyrene) have been pyrolyzed at different temperature range with different feeding rate in stainless-steel reactor or in quartz furnace results into pyrolysis oil, gases, carbon contain char. Different catalysts have been used for obtaining halogen free end products. An analysis of the pyrolysis oil has showed the principle compounds of hydrocarbon (Toluene, Styrene, Benzene, Cumene) and gases showed the alkanes (Ethane, Propane, Butane, Methane) which have a relevant ability to release energy.


In this paper, we establish the existence of at least three solutions to a boundary problem involving the p(x)-biharmonic operator. Our technical approach is based on theorem obtained by B. Ricceri's variational principle and local mountain pass theorem without (Palais-Smale) condition. p(x)−2 u = f(x, u) + λg(x, u) in , Bu = T u = 0 on ∂, here is a bounded open domain in R N with smooth boundary ∂, � 2(x) u = �(| �u | p(x)−2 �u) is the p(x)−biharmonic with p ∈ C(), p(x) > 1, λ ∈ R , a ∈ L ∞ () such that infx∈ a(x) = a − > 0. Bu = T u = 0 denotes the following boundary conditions:


A sufficient condition for local stability of the spatially discretized model of a class of non-linear distributed parameter systems is derived using the circle criterion for stability and bounded-input, bounded-output stability. As a physical system the catalytic packed-bed tubular reactor is taken to illustrate the application of the theorem to process control systems. The stability condition in the large derived from non-linear system equations is compared with the stability condition in the small derived from linearized system equations. Interpretations of the result are given in terms of physical variables.


The $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-particle energy spectra have been measured in coincidence with fission fragments over a wide range of relative angles with respect to fragment emission direction in the ${}^{11}$B (62 MeV) $+$ ${}^{232}$Th reaction. The $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-particle multiplicity spectra have been fitted with moving source model to extract the prescission (${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{\mathrm{pre}}$) and near-scission (${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{\mathrm{nse}}$) components. The present results, along with available data from the literature over a wide range of ${Z}^{2}/A$ and the excitation energy of a compound system, have been analyzed to develop certain global features of the pre- and near-scission emission characteristics. It is seen that ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{\mathrm{pre}}$ values when normalized to ${E}_{\mathit{CN}}^{2.3}$ (${E}_{\mathit{CN}}$ is the compound nucleus excitation energy) show a systematic linearly increasing trend with the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-particle emission $Q$ value (${Q}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$). The fraction of near-scission multiplicity is observed to be nearly the same at around 10% of the total prescission multiplicity for all the systems.


Objective To study the expression of ERCC1 and the correlation with effect of platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy as well as its impact on prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) after surgery.Methods Expression of ERCC1 in 63 cases of NSCLC paraffin-embedded pathological specimens were determined by immunohistochemistry method.The association between the ERCC1 expression and response to chemotherapy as well as survival data were analyzed.Results Positive rate of ERCC1 expression in NSCLC was 26.9%.Expression of ERCC1 and pTNM stage were independent determinants to the prognosis of NSCLC after surgery.The survival time in ERCC1 negative group was longer than that in ERCC1 positive group.Patients with negative expression of ERCC1 in NSCLC showed a trend of improved survival time under platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusions ERCC1 can be used as a molecular marker of prognosis in NSCLC after surgery.


By means of Mawhin's continuation theorem of coincidence degree theory, some new and simple sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of at least one positive almost periodic solution for a class of delayed Lasota-Wazewska model with nonnegative coefficients. Further, by some important inequalities and Lyapunov functional, the permanence and global asymptotical stability of the model have been studied. The main result of this paper improves some conditions of the result in [Z.D. Huang, S.H. Gong, L.J. Wang, Positive almost periodic solution for a class of Lasota-Wazewska model with multiple timing-varing delays, Comput. Math. Appl. 61 (2011) 755-760]. Two examples and numerical simulations are employed to illustrate the main result in this paper.


Objective To investigate the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas(SPTP).Method The clinical data of 7 patients admitted from Jan 2001 to Dec 2009 undergoing operation were analyzed retrospectively.Results All cases underwent tumor resection.Pancreaticoduo-denectomy was performed in 1 case,distal pancreatectomy was performed in 1 cases,while 5 patients underwent simple resection of tumor.All cases were followed up for 5 months to 96 months with no recurrence and no metastasis.Conclusions SPTP is frequently found in young females,and has no specific clinical symptoms.CT is an important diagnostic method.Because of low grade malignant potential of the SPTP,surgery is the first choice of treatment,the prognosis is good if the tumor is resected completely.


This paper deals with the question of the validity of the concept and the applications of updating analytically derived mathematical models of structures by the use ofmeasured data taken from the actual structure. A major point of the discussion is the common error of not distinguishing between the finite element model and the actual structure itself. This leads to such misleading concepts as: complete set of data, banded matrices, and unique solutions. Illustrations of some of the problems with these concepts are presented. The often attempted extension of these procedures to identity structural damage is also discussed. An illustration ofmultiple distinct models that equally well represent the same structure is presented. It is suggested that it may be reasonable to expect that different models of the same structure may be appropriate for different applications. Examples to illustrate this concept are presented. The difficult question as to how to determine which model should be used for a particular application is raised. Significant new research is required in this area and suggestions are presented.


We studied the dielectric properties of biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) film near AC breakdown field at room temperature. As a result, the AC dissipation current waveform has a distortion suggesting that this distortion is caused by the space charge formation under the AC high field.


Jianshe MaPing SuFeipeng XiaZhenbo RenTong LiuTsinghua UniversityGraduate School at ShenzhenShenzhen, Guangdong 518055, ChinaE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. A digital micro-mirror device (DMD) acting as a real-time holo-gram is an emerging technology in dynamic holographic projection. Thispaper presents a lensless image magnification method in DMD hologra-phy by using a Fresnel hologram. By analyzing the diffraction order dis-tribution in the image plane of a hologram produced by DMD, we find thefactors that limit the size of the magnified image. We perform a lenslessmagnification experiment that shows good magnified images in accor-dance with the numerical results. Finally, we discuss methods to eliminatelongitudinal error and chromatic aberration in three-dimensional (3-D) andcolor projection, respectively, and present a 3-D image reconstructionresult that shows lensless magnification of a 3-D image without distortion.Itisbelievedthatthistechniquecanbeusedinfuturereal-timeholographicprojection based on digital light processing technology.


The ability of thin conductive polythiophene layers to dissipate electrons in electron-beam lithography process on ZnO is presented for the first time. Quick and inexpensive processing method is shown for an EBL exposure of dense and highresolution patterns in hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) negativetone resist deposited on bulk ZnO sample. Keywords-electron-beam lithography; zinc oxide; hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ); conductive polymer; PSS:PEDOT; photonic


Mussolini's Children traces how, from 1922 on, Benito Mussolini and his Fascist State used the elementary school system – the scuola elementare, generally intended for ages six to eleven – and the language of racial superiority to forge "the New Italians of a New Italy" (p. 2). The system was tasked with "instill[ing] [...] faith in the power of Fascism, faith in the unity of the fatherland, faith in the supremacy of the race" (p. 162).


This article reveals the results of clinical and immunological indicators after complex treatment of patients with shortened frenulum of upper lip and tongue. Seventy six /76/ children were examined at the age of seven /7/ in Kursk region. Operations were performed with a scalpel and "Surgitron" apparatus. The effectiveness was higher after administering "Derinate" and "Ultracaine DS" in comparison with the traditional treatment. Some indicators were revealed in the correction of immunological status in patients with mucous membrane anomaly in the oral cavity such as: changes of phagocyte's activity deviating to the compensation of their dysfunction, regulating effect in point of excess cytokine mediated activation of phagocytes. There was no infiltration in postoperational field. There were insignificant edema and painfulness during palpation of soft tissues.


This paper examines the impacts of the City of Cincinnati urban park system on residential property values in a spatial hedonic model. Using housing data in combination with data on 182 parks and over 37,000 single-family residential properties, we examine how the distance to parks, the size of the nearest park, and the presence of park facilities for recreational activities, affect property values. Due to the presence of spatial dependence in our data, we chose two spatial hedonic model specifications that account for local spillovers: the spatial Durbin error model (SDEM) model, and the spatial lag of X model (SLX). By comparing the results from the two models, we show that decreasing the distance to a park by one meter results in an appreciation of the value of the average house in our sample by $7.05 to $9.83. A one hectare increase in the park size house values by $27.73 to $28.03 and the presence of park facilities for recreational activities depreciates house values by an estimated $2,267 for properties within a 500 meter radius to the nearest park. In a last step, we evaluate the park effects on house values when changing the size of the used buffer zones and conclude that the estimated park effects vary significantly with the selected buffers.


. In this paper the di- and tetraploid red clover seedlings will be compared, under the aspects of micro and macrosporogenesys regarding his fertility. After a vast amount of research, the results obtained were that, often, the low seed yield in di- and tetraploid red clover is caused by fertility perturbance.One of the purpose of the experiments during the years 2004-2006, was to determine the low fertility effects and to offer important clues about di- and tetraploid red clover seed production. Red clover is a typical allogamous plant in which the autincompatibility system determined by the S alleles is very strong. The pollination is compulsorily done by honey and bumble bees, so the pollination mechanisms are being considerate as carrier of sexual differentiation, marked by microsporogenesys and macrosporogenesys, structural modification of flowers, pollen dispersion ecology and structural and physiological barriers as a reaction to fecundation process.


The aim of the invention is to produce stainless steel for all stainless steel products both in the austenitic and the ferritic range, based on liquid pig-iron and FeCr solids, without using a supply of electrical energy. According to the invention, the liquid pig-iron, after being pre-treated in a blast furnace (1), is subjected to a DDD treatment (dephosphorisation, desiliconisation and desulphuration), is heated, finished or alloyed and deoxidated. The quantity of slag-free liquid pig-iron that has been pre-treated in the blast furnace (1) and a DDD device (2) is separated and introduced into two classic ''twin'' AOD-L converters (3, 4), where the required chemical process steps (of the heating, decarburisation and alloying stages) take place in parallel contrary processes using autogenous chemical energy, the heating stage being carried out first in the first twin AOD-L converter (3) and the decarburisation being carried out first in the second twin AOD-L converter (4).


The present work aims to investigate the effect of several operating parameters on the experimentally measured primary gaseous products, as well as on the rate of combustion and the total conversion obtained during the combustion of single particle biomass in a tubular reactor. The focus was on the following operating parameters: initial fuel particle mass (ranging between 0.33 and 0.35 g), oxygen partial pressure (pO2) 21 kPa, temperature regime: 700 and 800 ° C and biomass type. The experiment was performed at atmospheric pressure using five different types of solid biofuels//biomass. The rate of carbon conversion was obtained through its main products, namely: carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO). Under the applied conditions the nitrogen oxides were believed to be produced mainly from the fuel-bound nitrogen (FBN), which was oxidized merely to nitric oxide (NO).


By using of Fluent CFD software, a 3-d intersection model of streets is set. The wind velocity distribution and CO concentration distribution near the intersection are simulated under 2 wind direction conditions. The result of the modeling shows that the layout of the structures and the wind direction can jointly affect the distribution of the wind velocity and the CO concentration. The study of this paper also shows that the modeling result of Fluent is reasonable and the application prospect of Fluent on atmospheric environment issues in urban streets is good.


Benders decomposition is a solution method for solving certain large-scale optimization problems. Instead of considering all decision variables and constraints of a large-scale problem simultaneously, Benders decomposition partitions the problem into multiple smaller problems. Since computational difficulty of optimization problems increases significantly with the number of variables and constraints, solving these smaller problems iteratively can be more efficient than solving a single large problem. In this chapter, we first formally describe Benders decomposition. We then briefly describe some extensions and generalizations of Benders decomposition. We conclude our chapter by illustrating how the decomposition decomposition works on a problem encountered in Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) treatment planning and giving a numerical example.


This article provides an overview of the currentexperimental platform of university operation and management problems,it points out the construction of experimental platform of significance,put forward three concrete measures of the scientific planning experiment platform,the construction of experimental platform for large data laboratory,and formulating a reasonable incentive mechanism and so on.Practice has proved that integrating existing resources and establishing a shared experimental platform has become one of the key tasks in discipline construction.


Objective:To study the diagnosis and treatment of Mirizzi syndrome.Methods:The clinical data of 11 cases from 2000 to 2008 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.Results:All cases were good recovery.Application of transhepatic biliary stent in type Ⅱ,Ⅲ Mirizzi syndrome,with follow-up of 2~4 years,no complications arose.Conclusion:The clinical diagnosis and treatment of Mirizzi syndrome is impartant for prognosis.In particular,application of transhepatic biliary stent in type Ⅱ,Ⅲ Mirizzi syndrome is a safe effective and practical way.


When a military member decides to divorce, questions arise that are different than the typical family's division of assets. A major concern is how the couple splits the retirement benefits, which may or may not have yet vested. In most cases, state matrimonial property law governs the division of military retirement benefits. But which law applies when the military spouse was stationed in several different states or countries? Currently, there are well over two million volunteer members of the armed forces on active duty. While turn over is common, especially in the initial years of service, most military personnel remain on active duty until they are entitled to retirement benefits. Since the pay and allowances generally are not competitive with income from comparable civilian employment, the retirement benefits are the most significant economic inducement for choosing a military career. The statutory retirement system of the armed forces, 10 U.S.C. ?? 1401 etseq.y is noncontributory. Benefits, which vest after 20 years of service, increase fractionally with additional years of service, but not indefinitely. The basic scheme is to attract "fighting-age" individ uals and to facilitate their transition into a civilian occu pation in mid-life by providing the necessary financial security for a second career. Many of the skills learned or perfected on active duty are transferable to civilian employment; others are readily adapted. Mid-life, however, a good time to start something new, is also, proverbially, a tempting time to start some thing with someone new. Thus, the military retirement system facilitates starting not only second careers but second families as well. The military retiree's first spouse (usually the wife), will often seek a division of family assets, plus child sup port where appropriate and alimony where available. In


With the development of search engine,the number of the library OPAC system' s users falls off gradually. Though the search engine and the library OPAC system both have their advantages and disadvantages in the search function,users prefer using search engine because of its simple retrieval regulation and diversified search results from different sources.According to this,it is recommended that the library OPAC system should be improved to have features of search engines by weakening the rules of OPAC retrieval system,enhancing integration of resources and navigation, and providing a wide range of search results,thus creating a library - belonging academic search engine.


Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) in methanol was Photochemically reduced to FMNH2 which undergo electron transfer with Methyl viologen (MV2+) in ethanol. This charge transfer interaction results in the reduction of MV2+...


September 25, 1971 The authors have done well in providing good evidence on marketing costs and in disproving popular misconceptions regarding inefficiency in the marketing trade.


Abstract

 Heliotropium curassavicum is an aggressive weed that rapidly colonizes new areas, in particular on disturbed saline soils and coastal areas in arid and semiarid habitats. It forms dense monospecific stands that displace native vegetation and alter successional pathways. A combination of traits, such as high seed germination and seedling establishment rates in open areas, along with its ability to shift between sexual reproduction to clonal growth (i.e., adventitious root buds) are responsible for the invasiveness and rapid spread of H. curassavicum. H. curassavicum has become one of the most common weeds in the Mediterranean Basin and the Nile Delta, where it is regarded as a serious ecological and agricultural problem, but it is also listed as invasive in countries across Europe, the Arabian Peninsula, Africa and in Anguilla in the Lesser Antilles.


Based on the hierarchy of needs theory Angle of view, this paper discusses the relationship between need and happiness: physical happiness to stable happiness, then realize the true happiness, is the low level to high level development, there is a hierarchy, happiness throughout all levels of need.


We consider various aspects of Kitaev's toric code model on a plane in the C*-algebraic approach to quantum spin systems on a lattice. In particular, we show that elementary excitations of the ground state can be described by localized endomorphisms of the observable algebra. The structure of these endomorphisms is analyzed in the spirit of the Doplicher–Haag–Roberts program (specifically, through its generalization to infinite regions as considered by Buchholz and Fredenhagen). Most notably, the statistics of excitations can be calculated in this way. The excitations can equivalently be described by the representation theory of , i.e. Drinfel'd's quantum double of the group algebra of ℤ2.


A General theory of secularisation is closer to realisation in the sociology of religion than might be expected, in spite of the field being poorly developed. However, the sociology of religion has the advantage of being able to draw in a synthesising manner on neighbouring areas which are more developed, and in so doing will be able in return to suggest broad schemata of interpretation for use in those fields, especially political sociology. No doubt the notion of a general theory of secularisation remains premature, but premature statements do elicit more precise or even alternative formulations incorporating and subsuming wider ranges of material. In any case what follows is less a complete statement of a general theory than a specification of some of its components. Yet in another sense it is a theory, since it could be reduced to sets of overarching propositions and their integrally related sub-propositions, with appropriate qualifications and marginal rubrics.


The High Energy Storage Ring HESR is part of the "International Accelerator Facility for Ion and Antiproton Beams" proposed at GSI [1]. For internal target experiments with antiproton beams in the energy range 0.8 GeV to 14.5 GeV a maximum luminosity of 5 inverse nbarn per second and a momentum resolution in the order of 10 ppm have to be attained. Electron cooling is assumed to be the most effective way to counteract beam heating due to target effects and intra-beam scattering (IBS). Equilibrium parameters and cooling times have been studied by means of three different computer codes: BETACOOL, MOCAC, and PTARGET. The results reveal that the development of fast, "magnetized" electron cooling with beam currents of up to 1 A and variable electron energies of up to 8 MeV in an extremely homogeneous longitudinal magnetic field of up to 0.5 T is crucial to achieve the required equilibrium beam parameters over the envisaged range of antiproton energies.


Summary

Strike-slip faults appear to be buckled in nature. The buckling is simulated in a model experiment, and a theory is presented to explain the model. Quantitative comparisons between theory and model are made on various parameters of the model: the width of the faulted blocks, their thickness, the wavelength of buckling, the amplitude of buckling, and the displacement along the faults. In addition the effect of viscosity on the buckling is mentioned. The application of the model to faults in Marlborough, New Zealand is considered, together with its implication on the character of the underlying crust.


The complex (nixantphos)Ir(cod)Cl·CH2Cl2(0.5C7H8) 3 has been synthesized and structurally characterized by NMR, IR, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The coordination around Ir is trigonal bipyramidal with both P groups of the nixantphos bound in a bis-equatorial mode. The bis-chelating cod (C8H12) occupies the remaining equatorial position and an axial position. This mode of bonding resulted in a large bite angle (P1—Ir—P2) of 106.49° (3) for 3. The IR and NMR data support the elucidated structure. Thermal analyses of 3 indicate that it is thermally stable up to decomposition greater than 400°C.


This paper aims to establish the business model for a breakfast The present work aims to establish a business model for a breakfast food truck at a private university in Chiclayo. The methodology applied for the qualitative exploratory research, which is based on an inductive process (exploring, describing and then generating theoretical perspectives), that is, from the particular to the general, which allowed us to obtain information based on interviews carried out A the university community of a private university in the city of Chiclayo The research looks for the acceptance of the Food Truck Bed selling model, for which we do not rely on the Lean Canvas model developed in the book Leaning of Ash Maurya that we do not focus on nine (9) dimensions to take into account Y Achieve a successful business model. Getting as a value proposition to offer consists of selling healthy products that help them promote the quality and well-being of our clients' health cooked breakfasts made with fruits, cereals and sandwiches prepared instantly and offered in biodegradable containers, meeting the sanitary standards. You can also choose for the customer you can choose as you like.


In Nordic countries, distribution networks are traditionally unearthed and increasingly compensated. For such networks, switching their neutral point to the earth is practically applied through a resistor for better selectivity functions of earth faults. In this paper, the neutral switching and, consequently, an arrival time of the aerial mode traveling wave reflected from the fault point are utilized to accurately determine the earth fault distance. A concept to create traveling waves is implemented by earthing the neutral via a controlled thyristor that provides a short period of high fault current and produces traveling waves to estimate the fault distance. Much higher transient signals are generated by earthing through an opposite charged capacitor. A capacitor-resistor divider is utilized to measure the reflected surge over a heterogeneous distribution feeder. An adaptive setting is proposed for stamping the arrival surge. The results provide evidence of the efficacy of the proposed fault distance estimation.


Transcription factors (TFs) are sequence‐specific DNA binding proteins that determine cell state and have been shown to control cell differentiation. Evaluating comprehensive DNA specificity profiles of DNA binding proteins is a nontrivial challenge that hinders our ability to decipher gene regulatory networks. Optix is a homeodomain transcription factor that has been identified as a master regulator of red color patterning in the wings of Heliconius butterflies. However, the direct gene targets of optix and its role in final wing coloration remains to be determined. Because of this, we want to determine the intrinsic DNA‐binding preferences of optix. We have over‐expressed and purified full‐length Heliconius optix. To achieve our goal, we have used Cognate Site Identification by Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment with Parallel sequencing (SELEX‐seq). We are currently predicting optix possible binding sites, by using computational analysis. Our results will enable us to bioinformatically predict the genomic targets of optix and decipher its role in wing color patterning and development.


Methods for determining trace amounts of beryllium in urine, hair, fingernail, and fecal samples are described. These methods involve use of a Perkin-Elmer Model 503 spectrophotometer equipped with an HGA-2100 graphite furnace. Lanthanum was used as a masking and enhancing agent, and recoveries were determined by direct comparison with aqueous standards. The hair and fingernail samples were degraded readily in a nitric acid-perchloric acid mixture, and the feces were digested rapidly using a ferrous ion, hydrogen peroxide method. The urine samples were run by two methods: (1) direct and (2) coprecipitation. Nanogram-per-gram levels of beryllium were recovered from all tissues and fluids. All recoveries varied from 90 to 110 percent with relative standard deviations of less than 13 percent.


e20008 Background: Interleukin-2-based biochemotherapy (BCT) is a common therapy for patients (pts) with metastatic melanoma (MM). BCT induced nausea and vomiting (N/V) remains a significant problem (26% grade 3 and 4). Palonosetron (PALO) is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist indicated for the prevention of N/V associated with chemotherapy. The recommended dosing schedule of PALO for patients on BCT is unknown.

METHODS
Chemo-naïve MM pts undergoing their first BCT cycle were randomized to receive PALO 0.25 mg as premedication intravenously on days 1 and 4, or the same dose on days 1, 3, and 5. The BCT regimen included: cisplatin (20 mg/m2) and vinblastine (1.6 mg/m2) on days 1-4, dacarbazine (800 mg/m2) on day 1, interleukin-2 (9 MIU/m2/day) by continuous infusion on days 1-4 and interferon alpha (5 MU/m2/day) on days 1-5. A nausea episode was defined as nausea of any severity reported by the patient or documented by the nursing staff at anytime. Pts with N/V due to known central nervous system or gastrointestinal metastases were excluded. The use of additional antiemetics was recorded. Pts were followed for 21 days (days 1-7 as inpatients). The Functional Living Index-Emesis (FLIE), an emesis- and nausea-specific questionnaire, was completed starting on day 1.

RESULTS
30 pts were enrolled. Median age was 53 years (range 23-64). Eighteen (60%) were men. The incidences of BCT related N/V and those of nausea interfering with appetite, sleep, physical activity, social life and enjoyment of life are summarized by schedule of PALO in the table below.

CONCLUSIONS
PALO administered on alternate days was more effective at controlling BCT-related N/V and reduced the need for PRN antiemetics. Better control of N/V reduced the impact of N/V on patient functioning in this population. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.


Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) compared to the general population, but gender differences in this risk, especially in older adults, are not fully known. We aim to identify gender differences in the risk of MACE in older European CKD patients, and explore factors which may explain these differences.

 The European Quality study (EQUAL) is a prospective study on stage 4–5 CKD patients, ≥65 years old, not on dialysis, from Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, and the UK. Cox regression and cumulative incidence competing risk curves were used to identify gender differences in MACE risks. Mediation analysis was used to identify variables which may explain risk differences between men and women.

 417 men out of 1 134 (37%) and 185 women out of 602 women (31%) experienced at least one MACE, over a follow-up period of 5 years. Women had an 18% lower risk of first MACE compared to men (HR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.69–0.97; p = 0.02), which was attenuated after adjusting for pre-existing cardiometabolic comorbidities and cardiovascular risk factors. There were no significant gender differences in the risk of recurrent MACE or fatal MACE. The risk difference in MACE by gender was larger in patients aged 65–75, compared to patients over 75.

 In a cohort of older adults with advanced CKD, women had lower risks of MACE. These risk differences were partially explained by pre-existing cardiometabolic comorbidities and cardiovascular risk factors.


This is a report on a removable tape. The product was installed in construction work zones on the South Madison Beltline, USH 12, in August 2000 and USH 151 near I-39/90/94 interchange at Madison in October 2002. The product was installed and was evaluated at each site for a one- to two-month period. The product was evaluated for wet night retroreflectivity. Recommendation is for this product, and/or other wet-reflective alternatives such as temporary raised pavement marker reflectors, to be considered for use at work zones where visibility of the temporary marking in all weather conditions is especially critical. Example locations may include where freeway lanes are shifted across joint lines, and other tapers on high-speed, high-volume roadways.


This article mainly from the heat-toxicity of the concept of diabetes pathogeny and pathogenesis,heat-toxicity is proportionately to the development of the basic and important basis for the pathological cause,with respect to diabetic complications and their form.The clinical treatment is closely related,in the syndrome differentiation and treatment variation,clearing heat and removing toxicity on the basis of the importance of the application.


Dialog act, which is an essential element in dialog systems, plays an important role in understanding users' intents in the human-computer dialog. With the increasing applications of deep learning in natural language processing, more and more researchers adopt methods of text classification to identify dialog acts. However, sometimes one utterance may correspond to multiple labels, which leads to a cumbersome problem in classifying dialog acts. In this paper, we propose a multi-label classification model for solving this issue. Meanwhile, as Graph Convolutional Network can extract spatial features of topological graphs, we utilize it to capture syntactic information to enrich the words' semantic representations. In addition, due to the fact that one utterance consists of different clauses and each clause may correspond to one act label, we associate the relationship between clauses through Recurrent Neutral Network. Finally, our model combines the above two-level representations together. Compared with other classification models, experimental results can verify that our proposed model performs better.


A multidisciplinary research, currently in progress at the University of Salento in collaboration with the Lecce Provincial Museum, interests different artistic expressions widespread in the Salento peninsula (South Italy). In the present study, the characterisation of organic and inorganic materials used in the oldest pictorial cycle found in the 12th century monastery Santa Maria delle Cerrate was carried out thanks to a multi-analytical approach. Previous investigations have focused on the problem of dating the frescoes mainly on the basis of the stylistic aspects and the material characterisation has been definitely underinvestigated. Chromatographic and spectrometric techniques were used: micro-Raman spectroscopy was used for recognising pigments and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection for analysing organic binders. These techniques enabled us to characterise pigments and binders. The presence of both true fresco and tempera bound pigments was assessed. Among the different pigments detected, the results relevant to the blue paints were interesting: two different blue pigments were, indeed, identified, lapis lazuli and smalt (cobalt blue glass) both unexpected. As a result, Santa Maria delle Cerrate appears to be the first known example of their use in South Italy. From a conservation point of view, moreover, the knowledge of the palette permitted to highlight the reason of observed decay of some paints: for instance, lead white was used in some panels, explaining their blackening.


Improving the Performance of the Hispanic Community College Student. ERIC Digest................................................................... 1 RECENT RESEARCH ON RETENTION................................... 2 PUENTE PROJECT AND ENLACE......................................... 3 TRANSFER...................................................................... 4 STAFFING....................................................................... 4 CONCLUSION.................................................................. 5 REFERENCES.................................................................. 5


Past seismic investigations have relied principally on analysis of first arrival P waves with longitudinal particle displacements rather than the slower shear waves with more complicated transverse motions. Consequently, even quite elementary behavior of shear waves is sometimes poorly understood. It might be supposed, that the direction of polarization of shear waves would remain essentially unchanged on reflection from a plane horizontal isotropic-to-isotropic interface. This paper shows that in general this is not the case. In some circumstances, the direction of polarization can rotate by almost 180° as the angle of incidence varies. Since there is growing interest in using shear wave polarizations to examine the internal (anisotropic) structure of the rockmass in both earthquake and exploration seismology, such anomalous behavior of shear wave polarizations is important for understanding the behavior of shear waves and investigating the structure of the crust. The anomalies we display are a necessary result of the behavior of the reflection coefficients, which are well-known, but the possibility of such wide variations in polarization of the reflected shear wave does not appear to have been recognized previously in the literature.


Wireless sensor device of low energy consumption operates over a longer time in order to provide a reliable sensor result. Wireless sensor device and configured to provide a sensor signal of variable level representing the state of the target object by detecting the target object sensor, a signal processing circuit configured to amplify said sensor signal to provide an amplified electric analog signal, the amplification a receives the electric analog signal, and a detection circuit consisting of the amplified analog electrical signal to provide a detection output is above a predetermined detection threshold. The device also includes a wireless transmitter configured to transmit a radio detection signal in response to the detection signal. Also the device includes a power generating element that converts a power supply configured to provide power to the signal processing circuit and the radio transmitter and the electric power to be accumulated in the external energy supply. It was only in response to the detection output activating the radio transmitter, a controller for the generation of the wireless transmitter the wireless signal is detected is provided. Therefore, the radio transmitter can be kept in an inactive state until it receives the detection output, thereby saving energy to prolong the operating life of the device. A signal processing circuit, a detection circuit, a radio transmitter, the controller


Significance Our in vitro analyses reveal that dystrophin, the protein absent in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients, binds microtubules with high affinity and pauses microtubule polymerization, whereas utrophin, the autosomal homologue of dystrophin thought to mirror many known functions of dystrophin, has no activity in either assay. We also report that transgenic utrophin overexpression does not correct subsarcolemmal microtubule lattice disorganization, physical inactivity after mild exercise, or loss of torque production after in vivo eccentric contraction in dystrophin-deficient skeletal muscle. Finally, our data demonstrate that microtubule lattice disorganization contributes to the greater eccentric contraction-induced injury experienced by dystrophin-deficient skeletal muscle, demonstrating a phenotype of dystrophin deficiency that utrophin-based therapy may not be able to correct. Dystrophin and utrophin are highly similar proteins that both link cortical actin filaments with a complex of sarcolemmal glycoproteins, yet localize to different subcellular domains within normal muscle cells. In mdx mice and Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients, dystrophin is lacking and utrophin is consequently up-regulated and redistributed to locations normally occupied by dystrophin. Transgenic overexpression of utrophin has been shown to significantly improve aspects of the disease phenotype in the mdx mouse; therefore, utrophin up-regulation is under intense investigation as a potential therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Here we biochemically compared the previously documented microtubule binding activity of dystrophin with utrophin and analyzed several transgenic mouse models to identify phenotypes of the mdx mouse that remain despite transgenic utrophin overexpression. Our in vitro analyses revealed that dystrophin binds microtubules with high affinity and pauses microtubule polymerization, whereas utrophin has no activity in either assay. We also found that transgenic utrophin overexpression does not correct subsarcolemmal microtubule lattice disorganization, loss of torque production after in vivo eccentric contractions, or physical inactivity after mild exercise. Finally, our data suggest that exercise-induced inactivity correlates with loss of sarcolemmal neuronal NOS localization in mdx muscle, whereas loss of in vivo torque production after eccentric contraction-induced injury is associated with microtubule lattice disorganization.


Introduction This paper reflects on the experiences of women and girl children resident in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa with poor physical accessibility (to services and markets) because of poor roads and inadequate transport (in terms of regularity, reliability and cost). Examples from field research conducted in diverse agro-ecological and cultural contexts in western and southern Africa are used to explore the impacts of relative immobility and poor access to services on women and girls. Three themes are examined in some detail: access to education, access to health services and access to markets.


IF the quality of a nation's social security system were measured by the number of government inquiries dedicated to its improvement, the Australian system would be the most humane and efficient in the Western world. A series of detailed reports recently presented to the Australian Government on important social welfare issues have included such potentially far-reaching proposals as a guaranteed minimum income scheme l and an earnings-related national compensation scheme covering disability caused by accident or illness. Despite the flurry of activity by planning bodies, mostly induced by the Labor Government during its term of office from 1972 to 1975, fundamental reforms in the structure of the Australian social security system have not taken place. The changes that have occurred, while important, have either reflected trends evident for some time, such as the move towards greater federal responsibility for income maintenance schemes, or relatively slight shifts in emphasis, for example, a preference for " stigma-free " universal benefits. For those who may have anticipated a swift major overhaul of the social security system, or at least the formulation of a comprehensive social welfare policy, the immediate legacy of the Labor Government has proved to be disappointing. For the Australian social security system, which was shaped during the Second World War, has survived largely intact


A proper evaluation of the susceptibility of pavements to flood induced damage is critical for ensuring the safety of emergency personnel and the public during and immediately after flooding. In a typical hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavement, damage from a single flooding incident can result primarily from a reduction in the shear/compressive strength of the granular base course layer due to saturation. During inundation due to flooding, for the water content in the base course to reach a level that is close to/at saturation, adequate amount of water needs to infiltrate through the surface layer. The infiltration time of the water to fully saturate the layer is dependent on many material and layer properties, which may change over time, and environmental factors. This research presents a system dynamic approach to evaluate the combined effect of the multiple factors on the susceptibility of HMA pavements to flooding. A system dynamics model and a web based simulation tool were developed, and different scenarios were simulated. The results indicate that the use of thicker layers with lower permeability is in general the best combination, and a proper knowledge of the condition of the pavement in terms of cracking is important. The simulation tool developed in this study could be used to determine the critical time for flood induced damage, simulate different scenarios and evaluate their effects on the critical time, and develop appropriate strategies to increase the critical time beyond that expected for typical flooding in the specific locations.


This paper simply introduces the application of total station in water conservancy engineering survey,errors in using total station wereintroduced,and then finds theprecision control method tosolvetheproblemof error of total station.


determine the peculiarities of microbiocenosis of the oropharynx in at the of sensitivity of bacteriophages. the study of the oropharynx of with of the respiratory tonsillitis, laryngitis (J00, J02, J03, J04 according to ICD-10). The biological material was distributed depending on the age of the surveyed: the first group – children 3–6 years (n = 61) and the second age group – children 7–12 years (n = 23). Studies of the microflora of the oropharynx were performed according to standard methods. Isolated microorganisms were identified by morphological, tinctorial, cultural and biochemical properties. The results were evaluated in accordance with the Order of USSR Ministry of Health N 535 as of April 22, 1985. Specific lytic activity of bacteriophages against S. aureus was determined using preparations of staphylococcal bacteriophage and polyvalent pyobacteriophage Sexta. The sensitivity of strains of S. aureus to specific bacteriophages was assessed by the method of «crosses», according to the guidelines. Statistical analysis was performed with the use of licensed applications Offiсе MS Excel 2007 for Windows 7 BioStat v. 5.0.1. 2008. Correlation analysis (Pearson method) was used. It has been shown that with increasing age children in the oropharynx microbial density is increasing for indicators of both normoflora (S. oralis), and of opportunistic microflora (S. ß-hemolytic, S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, bacteria Enterobacteriaceae), especially of S. aureus (up to 74 %). Registration of sensitive strains of S. aureus in more than 70 % of cases in preschool and school-aged children is evidence of the correctness of correction of the dysbiotic disorders of the oropharynx with the use of bacteriophages of staphylococcus and Sexta.


The research on fingerprint pharmacokinetics will help entirely explore the internal diversity information of drugs especially natural products,and also can combine with the drug effect.Using fingerprint technology to study pharmacokinetics will more literally reflect the entirety of drugs and find the diversity regularity of the absorption,distribution,metabolism,and egestion of drugs.Using fingerprint technology to study pharmacokinetics of Chinese materia medica(CMM) is one of the critical technologies in modernization of CMM,and these researches will push the study on administration mechanism and development of CMM.Therefore,we propose to construct the "fingerprint pharmacokinetics" in our research.This thesis fairly analyzses the formation,research situation,application analysis,and application prospect of "fingerprint pharmacokinetics".


Expression of the lacZ gene from the Fnr‐regulated FF‐melR promoter on a plasmid in iron‐deprived Paracoccus denitrificans cells required not only a decreased oxygen tension but also supplementation with iron. The levels of β‐galactosidase and 5‐aminolevulinate synthase showed comparable responses to changes in iron availability. The presence of soluble and particulate enzymes catalyzing the reduction of Fe(III) by NADH suggests a hypothesis in which the redox state of the cytoplasmic NAD‐couple determines the concentration of free Fe(II) and thereby modulates the activity of a common regulator of the Fnr type.


Genomic alterations resulting in loss of control over the cell cycle is a fundamental hallmark of human malignancies. Whilst pan-cancer studies have broadly assessed tumour genomics and their impact on oncogenic pathways, analyses taking the baseline signalling levels in normal tissue into account are lacking. To this end, we aimed to reclassify the cell cycle activity of tumours in terms of their tissue of origin and determine the DNA mutations, chromosome arm-level changes and signalling pathways driving cell cycle activity. Combining normal tissue and pan-cancer data from over 13,000 samples we demonstrate that tumours of gynaecological origin show the highest levels of baseline corrected cell cycle activity, partially owing to hormonal signalling and gene expression changes. We also show that normal and tumour tissues can be separated into groups (quadrants) of low/high cell cycle activity and propose the novel hypothesis of an upper limit on these activity levels in tumours.


We have performed dc transport measurements on purified thick films of single-walled carbon nanotubes under hydrostatic pressures up to 2 GPa in the temperature range 4\char21{}300 K. At room temperature we have found nonmonotonic variation of the resistance with applied pressure. The resistance first drops with increasing pressure, but in the range where hexagonal deformation of the tubes is evidenced by the Raman experiments of Venkateswaran et al. [Phys. Rev. B 59, 10 928 (1999)], we see a fast increase in sample resistivity acompanied by very long time-scale relaxations. The temperature dependence of the resistivity does not change much with pressure, and we find an $\mathrm{exp}[{(T}_{0}{/T)}^{1/4}]$ temperature dependence indicating hoppinglike conduction.


Proceeded from the problems in the current compaction standard,directed against the uneven characteristics of grain composition and water content of earth-rock mixture,this paper improves the computational method of the biggest dry density by using the coefficient of density and optimal moisture.This paper also studies the void ratio control method and the improved field compaction method under different coarse aggregate percentage,and discusses their feasibility being used as compaction control standard.An example shows that the two methods can(achieve) good results to some extent.When using the void ratio control method,a large indoor compaction test should not be done,but the field dry density must be calculated.2 figs,6 refs.


This article includes calculating stamina of seat area construction (stress states) during rescue vehicle type SRC or DSRV docking taking into account the depth of immersion and sea current in CAE program, which are the basis for determining the maximum safe depth for use the emergency system. Lists the documents that contain guidelines for the preparation of the design model using Finite Elements Methods (FEM) [5], reflect the geometry of the object and its discretization, a description of the material, boundary conditions and loads. Posted examples of the results of the stress state in the design of the seat area of submarine Kobben class rescue obtained from simulation FEM for deep 250 m.


I develop and estimate a dynamic household choice model that incorporates a broad set of determinants of children's labor supply and school attendance, to perform ex-ante evaluations of alternative versions of the urban implementation of the Mexican conditional cash transfer program Oportunidades. Previous research suggests that re-calibrating the targeting and parameters of the educational component of the program could potentially improve its effectiveness with respect to two key objectives: (i) increasing average schooling levels and (ii) eliminating the educational gender gap. The estimation of this behavioral model complements previous ex-post evaluations by providing a forecasting tool that can replicate how the households solve the optimization problem as the program's structure changes. I focus on evaluating cost-equivalent policy schemes that improve the program's efficacy in the first dimension. I find that, by eliminating grants at primary and lower secondary levels (where attendance is close to universal) and proportionally expanding transfers at upper secondary, attendance rates could increase by 14.8% for youth 15-17. JEL: J22, J24, J13, O21, R28 ∗firstname.lastname@example.com. I am extremely grateful to Moshe Buchinsky and Maria Casanova, who have guided and encouraged me through the process. I also like to thank Day Manoli, Paola Giuliano, Guillermo Beylis, Claudia Ruiz and seminar participants at the Albert Family Fund Seminar in Applied Microeconomics at UCLA for their helpful comments. My work would not have been possible without the amazing support of the staff at the Academic Technology Services of UCLA. All errors are my own.


In various mathematical theories such as fuzzy sets, fuzzy multisets, fuzzy soft sets, the concept of α-Cuts were applied together with their inverses. However, we noticed that in multi Q-fuzzy sets only α-Cuts were studied without their inverses. In this paper the concept of inverse α-Cuts and their properties in multi Q-fuzzy sets were introduced. Some distinctive features of α-Cuts and inverse α-Cuts were demonstrated. It is shown that as both first and second decomposition theorems hold in the former, it actually fails in the latter. Moreover, unlike α-cuts, it was discovered that, a multi Q-fuzzy set cannot be uniquely represented as the family of all its weak inverse α-cuts. Thus, both α-cuts and inverse α-cuts attract applications in many mathematical fields.


The invention discloses an aluminum-free cigarette lining paper which comprises raw paper and a barrier layer, wherein the barrier layer and one surface of the raw paper are compounded. The aluminum-free cigarette lining paper is characterized in that the barrier layer is a barrier coating of a coating containing the following components in percentage by weight: 5%-40% of polyvinyl alcohol, 5%-25% of agar, 0.05%-5% of sodium borate, 0.05%-5% of boracic acid and 30%-85% of water. The production method comprises the following steps of: an unrolling process, a coating process for coating the unrolled raw paper, and a drying and solidifying process for drying the coating. The production method is characterized in that a screen roller directly contacts the raw paper and the rotating direction of the screen roller is opposite to the feeding direction of the raw paper so that reverse coating is formed in the coating process. The aluminum-free cigarette lining paper disclosed by the invention is low in cost, easy to produce, recyclable and degradable and can meet the barrier property requirement of cigarette packaging.


ASTER consists of three different subsystems:the Visible and Near-infrared(VNIR)has three bands with a spatial resolution of 15 m,and an additional backward telescope for stereo;the Shortwave Infrared(SWIR)has 6 bands with a spatial resolution of 30 m;and the Thermal Infrared(TIR)has 5 bands with a spatial resolution of 90 m.ASTER image can be applied in many domains such as land,sea,glacier,atmosphere and so on.This paper analyzed the structure of ASTER data in-depth,gave the method of reading the satellite position,velocity,time,attitude angle and attitude rate,then researched on the changing rule of those data.The method of radiometric correction and geo-location were presented to take the full advantage of the ASTER Image.


Africa is under the triple burden of communicable disease, noncommunicable disease and socio-behavioral illness exacerbated by illiteracy, poverty and underdevelopment.1 Different health players are fully aware of the situation as expressed in the WHO Declaration of Ouagadougou.2 However, to deal with this situation, health systems in the region have placed more emphasis on disease management and not on the "causes of causes" that are the social determinants of health (SDH). This was recognized as one of the reasons why it was not possible for countries in the region to reach the Millennium development goals (MDGs) in 2015.3 In the perspective of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), is it not time to examine why things must happen that way in this part of the world? As concerned players, we critically consider the situation in view of analyzing some aspects that could explain it before concluding on the need for a paradigm shift and future prospects. For that purpose, we considered seven main documents/declarations selected based on the fact that they are globally adopted documents focusing on the social determinants of health (SDH) and action across sectors (AAS) for effective improvement of population health. Table 1 shows the list of those documents/declarations.


The cover image in this report is created by Redgirl Lee. It is called Myth busters and it was retrieved on May 29, 2020 from https://unsplash.com/photos/r31mu4MKeAc. It was submitted to the United Nations Global Call Out To Creatives - help stop the spread of COVID-19. The authors thank Redgirl Lee and all the creatives who responded to the UN initiative, for their help in promoting evidence-based information regarding COVID-19.


Finescale currents, O(1-100 km, days-months), are actively involved in the transport and transformation of biogeochemical tracers in the ocean. However, their overall impact on large-scale biogeochemical cycling on the time scale of years remains poorly understood due to the multi-scale nature of the problem. Here we summarize these impacts and critically review current estimates. We examine how eddy-fluxes and upscale connections enter into the large-scale balance of biogeo-chemical tracers. We show that the overall contribution of eddy-fluxes to primary production and carbon export may not be as large as for oxygen ventilation. We highlight the importance of finescales to low-frequency natural variability through upscale connections, and show that they may also buffer the negative effects of climate change on the functioning of biogeochemical cycles. Significant interdisciplinary efforts are needed to properly account for the cross-scale effects of finescales on biogeochemical cycles in climate projections.


One effort that may be company performed to improve the customer is to determine the price, service, comfort atmosphere, the diversity of products and store design is good and interesting. The purpose of this study, to examine the influence of price, service, atmosphere convenience, product diversity, and store design on consumer purchase decisions either partially or simultaneously. Techniques used in sampling in this study was purposive sampling. The number of samples used as much as 100 samples. Methods of analysis used to test the hypothesis that F Test and t-test. Measurement instruments used for the five independent variables are qualified validity and reliability. The results showed that the partial test results all independent variables (price, service, atmosphere convenience, product diversity, and store design) significantly influence consumer purchasing decisions. And test results together (F test) showed that all variables independent (X) has positive and significant impact on consumer purchasing decisions (Y).


having highest area of 56,000 ha, among all the districts in India under oil palm plantations. From the district, 8 mandals having maximum area under oil palm were selected and from each mandal, 4 villages having maximum area were selected. From each village, 4-6 oil palm farmers were randomly selected across the land holdings. Primary data was collected through personal interview of farmers using pre-tested interview schedule with sample size of 182 oil palm growers (25 oil palm plantations in pre bearing state, 58 in yield stabilizing state and 99 plantations in yield stabilized stage) as respondents. The interview schedule was prepared after a thorough discussion with subject matter scientists of oil palm. A pilot study was conducted in non-sample area for pre-testing the interview schedule and necessary modifications were made in the schedule. The primary data collected pertained January to December, 2010. Systematic stratified random sampling technique was applied for making an unbiased estimation procedure as well as to make the results applicable for all oil palm growing regions of the state.


This thesis collects the date of the per- capita disposable income of urban residents from 1978 to 2011,and then to establish a model which is used to forecast the per- capita disposable income of urban residents in 2011. And then,we can know the effect of the model by comparing the real per- capita disposable income of 2011with the supposed per- capita disposable income of 2011 getting from the model. The result shows that: the model had a better effect,and therefore,it can be used to offer some date for the related government by forecasting the result.


Tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children mostly present as emergency to hospital. Sander's technique is the great advantage for the removed of tracheobronchial foreign bodies by rigid bronchoscope. It has made the procedure safe for removal of foreign bodies in children , particularly for prolonged endoscopy. Preoperative preparation of the patient with the administration of antibiotics, intravenous fluids and steroids has made the endoscopy easier. Safe and suitable general anaesthesia by an experienced anesthesiologist is required for complete removal of tracheobronchial foreign body. In the present study most of the foreign bodies removed from the children were small plastic- whistles available as free gifts with some cheap candies in the local market.


The rabbit hemorrhagic disease(RHD) is a potent cause devastating infectious disease in rabbits caused by rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus(RHDV). The disease is prevalent in world wide,brought huge e conomic loss in rabbit industry. With the daily progress of techniques in molecular biology and modern immunology,various detection methods of rabbit viral hemorrhagic disease were continuously improved and perfected. This paper discussed the advantages and disadvantages of the new research method of diagnosis in recent years for rabbit viral isolation,hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition test,RT-PCR,fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,colloidal gold immune chromatography technology progress and a variety of detection methods,aimed at finding and to establish detection methods for different laboratory,to provide reference for the development of new detection method,to provide a reasonable scientific basis for diagnosis and prevention of rabbit plague.


Growth of Ureaplasma urealyticum isolates from clinical exudates and urine specimens was significantly improved by supplementation of a Ureaplasma differential agar medium by putrescine. The improved medium was designated medium A7B.


In this paper a new framework is present, named case oriented digital evidence similarity framework (CODES). This framework is a top down approach, consists of tasks basically starting from the arrival of new crime case, mainly cyber crime, till the generation of final report regarding that case. This framework facilitates the investigation of a cyber crime case by matching the digital evidences collected from new cases to the digital evidences of previous case thus abstracting the crime pattern of the cases which makes it easy to reach the criminals or unscrupulous individuals. By using CODES framework investigators will be able to use already stored digital evidences to find the similarity in current and previous evidences thus making it easy to trap the criminals and saving time.


The utility model discloses a multifunctional vehicle-mounted terminal and a vehicle-mounted terminal system. The vehicle-mounted terminal comprises a main processor, and a GPS navigating instrument, a memory module, an anti-theft module, a display module, a keyboard and a USB interface module which are respectively connected with the main processor, and is characterized in that a one-key communication module is also connected to the main processor. The wireless vehicle-mounted multimedia terminal has the characteristics of system integration, function variety, technical integration, networked communication and the like, well meets the requirements of vehicle-mounted information multimedia technical development, and can be widely applied to transportation systems of private cars, railroads, subways, passenger cars, etc.


ABSTRACT IMPACT: This poster will demonstrate how a community issue from a CTSI Community Advisory Board member organization initiated a collaborative, community-engaged project to identify priority areas of concern and culturally appropriate mitigation strategies. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Little is known about the health and psychosocial impact of construction on older adults living near construction sites. We applied a mixed methods approach to identify evidence-based strategies to mitigate community prioritized health and psychosocial concerns related to long-term construction on older adults in NYC's Manhattan Chinatown. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In Chinatown, where approximately 20% of its residents are seniors, many are poor, have a disability, and experience ambulatory difficulties. We used a mixed methods approach including: 1) a high level scoping review of the published literature on the health impact of long-term construction for older adults; 2) key informant interviews with stakeholders; and 3) a two-part community-engaged modified Delphi process to identify priority topic areas related to construction and older adults and evidence-informed, culturally-relevant mitigation strategies. Using priority areas identified through the modified Delphi process, we conducted a literature review on the health and psychosocial impact of construction on older adults. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We identified five priority topics: construction site emissions; noise; outdoor nocturnal lighting; neighborhood changes; and relocation. Long-term construction is associated with environmental and psychosocial consequences with greater negative impacts on vulnerable populations. Current NYC mitigation policies are based on general population and need revisions to consider impacts for the most vulnerable, e.g. older adults and children, to mitigate adverse health outcomes. Findings were shared with City Council members and resulted in enacting specific recommended mitigation strategies, e.g. double paned windows, etc. Seniors are highly susceptible to the effects of air pollution, noise, and environmental changes, with exposure associated with higher morbidity, mortality, and social isolation. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Long-term construction may pose serious health implications for seniors residing near construction sites. Standards and guidelines for the general population may not protect them. Community-driven coalitions, like community-academic partnerships, can successfully advance community priorities and inform strategies to protect the elderly.


The use of the KMS method for the evaluation of the exponent by the experimentalist requires that a lag or retardation be chosen. The best choice of lag is discussed quantitatively. Its dependence upon the decade range of the data, the relative magnitude of the background, the level and character of the noise, the number and distribution of the data, and the weighted least-squares method of analysis are all detailed. A table of lags and error factors is given, for various ranges, backgrounds, and kinds of noise. Bias in the extracted rate (k), due to noise and treatment of the data, is also discussed.


We have applied arsine ambient rapid thermal annealing (RTA) to the fabrication of high-performance refractory gate self-aligned GaAs MESFETs. This has allowed us to take advantage of some of the strong points of rapid thermal annealing for these devices (reduced dopant movement and gate-channel interaction) without the difficulties of capped RTA (decapping problems, cap thermal-mismatch-stress driven dopant movement and gate-channel interaction) or the uncertain As loss characteristics of uncapped or proximity RTA. Using this technique we have fabricated self-aligned 0.8 micron gate length MESFETs with 50 nm epitaxially-grown channels of 2 × 1018/cm3nominal doping with -0.14 V threshold voltage, k-factor as large as 590 mS/V-mm, maximum transconductance over 550 mS/mm, and over 350 mA/mm current drive capability. We have also fabricated fully-ion-implanted devices using arsine ambient annealing for both the channel and self-aligning n+ implant anneals. For29Si 30 KeV channel implants and29Si 40 KV self-aligning implants we have achieved a k-factor as large as 610 mS/V-mm for a gate length of 0.6 micron. This k-factor is the largest reported for a GaAs MESFET (disregarding anomalous values for devices with hole injection and/or carrier multiplication effects).


Utilizing data from a southern, non-metropolitan youth study (S-81), this paper reports the early patterns of mobility attitudes and status attainment for black and white males. Descriptive comparisons of the data incorporate multiple indicators of attainment levels and of attitudes. The attainment indicators include occupation, education, and income, while the attitudinal indicators are occupational and educational orientations, perceived well-being, and perceived goal blockage. The analyses of data generally reveal greater attainment differences than attitudinal differences between races. *Paper presented at the Rural Sociology Section of SAAS meetings New Orleans, Louisiana, 1975. Development of this paper was sponsored by the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station as a contribution to TAES project H-2811 and CSRS Regional Research Project S-81, "Development of Human Resource Potentials of Rural Youth in the South and their VD Patterns of Mobility." The authors wish to express their appreciation -414 to William P. Kuvlesky, William W. Falk, Wayne.Byrd and J. Steven Picou for their comments on this paper. Appreciation is also expressed to 000 Nancy Huckaby for her assistance in the preparation of this manuscript. O 0 0 d ( EARLY ACHIEVEMENT PATTERNS OF SOUTHERN MALES: RACIAL PROFILES OF STATUS ATTAINMENT AND MOBILITY ATTITUDES1 by John K. Thomas and Arthur G. Cosby Texas AM Sewell, Haller and Ohlendorf, 1970; Carter, 1973; Porter, 1974; and Alexander and Eckland, 1974). These studies taken collectively form a framework that systemitically links structural and social psychological explanations when analyzing attainment. This framework can be viewed as a three phased process model in which relatively fixed background variables exert influences that are mediated by intervening sets.of interpersonal and attitudinal variables on status attainment. In the Sewell studies, for example, the background influences of parental socio-economic statuses and intelligence on early adult occupational attainment are assessed through the intervening factors of academic performance, significant other influences, status aspirations and educational attainment. These analyses not only indicate that a great deal of the variation in attainment can be associated with this complex of variables, but also that a substantial part of the effects of social origins are indirect through the intervening social psychological influences. The intent of this paper is not the general process modeling of status attainment; rather it is concerned with the descriptive analysis of variables shown to be significant in prior attainment research. Moreover, it should be viewed as a preparatory phase leading to our ultimate concern the construction of a general attainment model. As a first step toward this goal this paper will descriptively profile attainment levelsand mobility attitudes of black and white males utilizing data from the southern, non-metropolitan youth study (S-81). This descriptive format will improve our basic understanding of possible racial differences in attainment patterns. Our descriptive analysis will differ from the concern of current status attainment research in one major respect. Instead of investigating the relationship between adolescent status aspirations and subsequent adult achievement, we shall investigate both attitudes and attainments observed during the early adult period. More specifically, we shall be making racial comparisons 1 Paper presented at the Rural Sociology Section of SAAS meetings New Orleans, Louisiana, 1975. Development of this paper was sponsored by the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station as a contribution to TAES project H-2811 and CSRS Regional Research Project S-81, "Development of Human Resource Potentials of Rural Youth in the Southe and their Patterns of Mobility." The authors wish to express their appreciation to William P. Kuvlesky, William W. Falk, Wayne Byrd, J. Steven Picou for their comments on this paper. Appreciation is also expressed to Nancy Huckaby for her assistance in the preparation of this manuscript.


Managers use a variety of information sources to set performance targets. This paper examines two of them: past performance that is associated with the ratcheting effect and the performance of comparable responsibility centers associated with relative target setting (RTS). Using data from 432 branches from 2002 to 2006 of a large travel retailer, we find evidence consistent with the relevance of both phenomena. In particular, we hypothesize that the weight on targets of these two sources of information varies with their information content. Consistent with this argument we find that the weight on targets of past performance and of comparable responsibility centers' performance varies with the degree of relative target setting, the lifecycle stage of the responsibility center, and the magnitude of previous year's variance and of the relative performance. Moreover the asymmetry often associated with the ratcheting effect fades as RTS is included.


The invention provides a method and system for recommending network information. The method includes the steps that according to the clicking number of the network information, the network information in a network platform is divided to obtain an information set and corresponding rating; characteristic extraction is performed on the network information in the information set to obtain browsing behavior characteristics, and according to the browsing behavior characteristics, a classifying model corresponding to the information set is obtained through training; updated network information is input into the classifying model to obtain the information set to which the updated network information belongs; the updated network information is recommended according to the rating corresponding to the information set to which the updated network information belongs. The system comprises an information processing module, a characteristic processing module, a predicting module and a recommending module. Recommending accuracy can be improved by adopting the method and system.


Sexuality began to be seen as a positive scope of human action, in this context, it began to value sexual education, raising discussions about its importance. The aim of this article was to analyze knowledge about forms of contagion and prevention of STIs. This study was conducted in 03 state schools of elementary and secondary level. The sample consisted of 287 students regularly enrolled in these schools covering the 8th grade/ 7th grade of elementary school until the 3rd year of high school. Data on gender, age, marital status, education and others were collected in this study. Most participants have already had contact with the term STI; however, it still has beliefs about its forms of transmission. There is a need to approach sexuality with a more natural and positive aspect of human life, providing the free discussion of norms and patterns of behavior and the debate of attitudes.


A survey was conducted in five operational villages of Chevella mandal of RR district, Telangana state , to characterize drudgery of women working in cotton production system. Thirty women were taken as samp le comprising 10 per cent of cotton growing families. Interview s chedule was developed to collect the data from farm women by recall method on six factors viz; physical load, posture l oad, repetitive strain load, physiological load, ti me load and musculoskeletal disorder load. Results confirmed th at factors contributed to the variance in drudgery load of activities. Based on population distribution, the activities we re qualified as per factors associated through chi square test.


A system and method for optimizing the multi-core processor performance is provided using a voltage offset. Multi-core test device for each processor core to identify an optimum supply voltage of each processor core. Furthermore, the device constituting the network voltage offset for each of the processor core, based on the identification of the optimum supply voltage, each of the processor cores. Thus, the offset voltage generated by the offset voltage is subtracted from the main network voltage of the multi-core device, which results in an offset voltage network to provide an optimum voltage supply to each of the processor cores. Offset voltage network may comprise a fuse for generating a fixed voltage offset, offset voltage or the network may include a control circuit so as to dynamically adjust the voltage for a multi-core device operation.


The magnetoelectric sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, low noise and simple preparation process. It has great application prospects in weak magnetic field detection such as geomagnetic field, biomagnetic field and so on. What's more, the resolution of detection for low-frequency AC magnetic field can reach pT magnitude [1]. Because the piezoelectric material will produce a continuous output only when it is in a periodic vibration. so it needs to use modulation technology when measuring the statics magnetic field. The modulation techniques commonly used today are AC modulation and electric field modulation [2, ~3].But now, a new modulation method will be introduced in this paper, that is what referred to as rotation modulation. As shown in Fig.1(a), the component of the measured direct current projection on the shaft is a sinusoidal signal whose frequency is equal to the frequency of rotation, thus, we can measure constant magnetic field directly. More exciting, we may apply the rotation to MEMS structure to achieve miniaturization and integration. The test platform shown in Fig.1(b) is consist of rotation system and measurement system. Rotation system inclueds a ultrasonic motor and a fixture used for installing the magnetoelectric sensor and induction coil providing DC bias. The measurement system is composed of Signal Generator, Regulated DC Power Supply, Spectrum Analyzer, Magnetic Shield Tube. The magnetoelectric sensor used in the experiment was composed of Metglas/PZT/Metglas, which top layer and bottom layer are composed of two-layers of magnetostrictive Metglas. In order to obtain the best bias magnetic field, we firstly design a series of experiments with linearly increasing bias DC field at 2Hz(because the maximum rotation frequency of ultrasonic motor is 2Hz). Fig.2(a) shows that the optimal DC bias is about 8Oe. Then our group has tested the ME output voltage of magnetoelectric sensor with 10Oe measured DC field providing by coil, and the four groups experiments had been processed under condition of statics or rotation at three different speeds shown in Fig.2(b). There are three spikes whose value far greater than other's, and their position is just corresponding to the frequency of rotation. Fig.2(c) has shown almost linear change between ME voltage and the measured DC field. Thus, it can be conclued that the proposed modulation method is really effective. In these experiments, our team have used coils to ensure the DC bias can be controlled accurately. The next step we will use ferromagnet for bias. Using the proposed modulation method can realize high-precision DC magnetic field measurement like AC modulation and electric field modulation after enchancing ME out voltage through the selection of magnetic composite materials, the optimization of the rotating structure and the using of charge amplifier.


Indonesia will follow the global elimination target, is elimination of TB 2035 and Indonesia to be free of TB 2050. The challenge in the Tuberculosis control program in Indonesia is there are many undetected cases of tuberculosis and cases that have undetected and unreported. So, needs to change the case finding approach, from passive to intensive and active. The complexity of filling out TB forms by private doctors has resulted in low notification of TB patients. So, made an electronic system using a smartphone-based application, namely the Application Mandatory Notification (WiFi) of TB, which application is made simpler and easier. This study aims to describe the implementation of compulsory TB notification (WiFi) in the Public Health Office Jember District. This research uses descriptive research. The research sample was 2 TB officers. This research was analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the description of the input, process, and output aspects of the implementation of mandatory notification (WiFi) TB


When buildings are exposed to earthquake sequence, damage aggravation is expected to occur. Although several studies report seismic vulnerability of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings under the mainshock–aftershock sequence, indicating damage aggravation due to aftershock, none, to the best of our knowledge, quantifies seismic vulnerability of buildings under foreshock–mainshock–aftershock sequences. Since foreshock–mainshock–aftershock sequences are also expected in many active seismic regions, we aim to quantify the level of vulnerability under seismic sequences considering the seismically highly active Himalayan region as the case study location. Fragility functions are derived considering foreshock, foreshock–mainshock sequence, and foreshock–mainshock–aftershock sequence for a low-rise special moment-resisting frame (SMRF) building that represents a typical low-rise owner-built construction system in Nepal, one of the most active seismic regions in the world. The results highlight that the foreshock significantly increases seismic vulnerability of the structures with respect to the often-considered case of a mainshock–aftershock sequence.


The infrared spectra of lithium isocyanide and of sodium and potassium cyanides in the solid phase were examined over the range 4000 to 140 cm−1 at room temperature. A study of the effect of cooling the solids to liquid nitrogen temperature has been carried out.


Cooperating objects (COs) is a recently coined term used to signify the convergence of classical embedded computer systems, wireless sensor networks and robotics and control. We present essential elements of a reference architecture for scalable data processing for the CO paradigm.


South African Medical Research Council, National Department of
Health South Africa and PEPFAR/US Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, UNICEF


Ractopamine and clenbuterol are β-adrenergic agonists that increase the rate of weight gain and feed conversion. If used in meat production, they promote muscle growth of treated animals by increasing nitrogen retention, protein synthesis and lipolysis, and suppressing lipogenesis. They can be illegally used during fattening of farm animals, thus implying a risk to consumers of meat and meat products. For residue surveillance of both substances, it is essential to choose appropriate matrices and use high sensitivity analytical methods in the analysis of suspect tissues. The aim of the study was to compare residue levels and accumulation potential of ractopamine and clenbuterol in pig tissues, liver and kidney (n=24), after subchronic repeat administration of clenbuterol and 10-fold dose of ractopamine. Ractopamine and clenbuterol residues in both matrices were determined using validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a quantitative screening method. Method validation showed good mean recoveries (R >70%) with acceptable inter- and intra-day relative standard deviations (RSD <10%) for both analytes and matrices. Immediately after the last dose of β-agonists, the maximal determined ractopamine concentration in the kidney (42.44 ng/g) was 2-fold that measured in the liver (20.66 ng/g) and was comparable with maximal concentration of clenbuterol in the liver (47.43 ng/g). Considering the dose difference, study results pointed to higher accumulation of clenbuterol residues in both matrices, suggesting the liver to have a significantly higher accumulation potential for clenbuterol residues and kidney for ractopamine residues. The results also suggested these tissues to be appropriate matrices to detect ractopamine and clenbuterol abuse in meat production.


Many leaves of rice plant floated on water in paddy fields early in June. This damage was observed in both direct sowing and transplanting fields. The damage was ascribed to feeding of chironomid larvae, because many larvae were found in the water and on the floated leaves, and a similar damage was recognized by releasing the larvae on rice seedlings. Cricotopus trifasciatus was the main species.


I N 1913 the Florentine palaeographer Girolamo Vitelli2 published from a parchment codex of the fifth century eighty-seven lines of a play of the New Comedy. Since this could not be identified, it was known as the Florentine Comedy; several people tried to reconstruct the whole plot of the play, with results which it is now amusing to compare with the reality. A much larger part of the same comedy proved to be contained in the famous codex of the third century bought by the late Martin Bodmer of Geneva, from which the Dyskolos-'The Disagreeable Man'-was published, almost complete, in 1959. First, in 1967, some thirty lines which had somehow become detached from the Bodmer codex were published at Cologne.3 Then in 1969 the Swiss scholar Rodolphe Kasser, in collaboration with Colin Austin of Cambridge, published large parts not only of the Aspis but of the Samian Woman,4 supplementing those contained in the famous Menander papyrus in Cairo; soon after, Austin published an excellent critical edition and commentary on both plays.5 So we now have some 560 lines of the Aspis, some fragmentary. Until well into the third of the five acts, our text is more or less continuous; small fragments of the last two acts help us to see how the plot worked out. Since the play


A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Main Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology in summer 2016 and 2017. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications under irrigated aerobic condition. Treatments comprising of five establishment methods like direct seeding in solid rows 20 cm apart (E1), direct seeding by punji method (dibbling) at20cm x 20cm (E2), transplanting (under un puddle un flooded condition i.e. aerobic) with 1 seedling at 2 leaf stage at 20 cm x 20 cm (E3), 2-3 seedlings at 4 leaf stage at 20 cm x 10 cm (E4) and 2-3 seedlings at 4 leaf stage at 20 cm x 20 cm (E5), in main plots, and four nitrogen level (N1-30, N2-60, N3-90 and N4-120kg N ha-1 )in sub plots. Result reveled that aerobic rice adapted with significant superiority when 2-3 seedlings at 4 leaf stage were transplanted in square geometry of 20 cm x 20 cm (E5) on pulverised soil after a pre-soaking irrigation. The method recorded the highest yield attributing characters like EBT/ hill, panicle length, filled grains per panicle,1000 grain weight and harvest index contributing to significantly higher grain yield of 4760 and 5142 kg/ha in the year 2016 and 2017, respectively. The corresponding straw yield was 5626 and 5938 kg/ha. Yields was found to increase with N-levels and was associated with higher values of yield attributing characters. The same treatment also registered highest net return (Rs.31663and Rs. 39675.) and B: C ratio (1.75an 1.95) in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Two factor interactions between methods and N-levels was also significant and significantly the highest grain and straw yield was recorded when the crop was transplanted under E5 treatment at 120kg N/ha. Functional relationship of nitrogen was established and optimum economic dose of nitrogen was found to be 110 and 118 kg N/ha in 2016 and 2017, respectively with corresponding optimum yield of 4546 and 5307 kg/ha. The resultant quadratic equation in 2016 was y= - 0.252x2 + 5637 + 1402 and in 2017 was y= 0.269 X2+ 6429 + 1467.


Singularity prediction of Jacobian is inherently related to the design of any manipulator. Optimization of Jacobian is known to improve the joint rates and joint torques for the same set of end-effector twists and wrenches. Any mathematical entity which is an estimator of Jacobian can be used as a manifestation of the stated two schemes. It is required that online computation of Jacobian be implemented so that singular poses can be avoided and performance is maximized. We present an algorithm that relates to the determinant of the Jacobian for robotic manipulators. The algorithm developed is quicker to compute, and a strategy is developed to synthesize the local estimator contour. The contours change dynamically, henceforth optimal motor torques (in case of presence of interaction fields or system requiring force control) and optimal joint rates can be defined, depending on the control algorithm. The algorithm developed is independent of the structure of the matrix and is generalized to any six DoF manipulator structure used.


The author of this book is a physician in Great Britain who has sought to present a simple statement of human psychology for the benefit of laymen. The book is written in a plain and unaffected fashion that insures easy and fascinating reading. The treatment reflects clearly the bias of the author in the direction of an unmitigated objectivism based around Pavlov's concept of the "conditioned reflex." Any reference to human behavior, in terms that cannot be physiologically stated, seems to be construed by the author as resorting to mysticism and the esoteric.


Series of acid and base supported γ-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared as heterogeneous catalysts for the isomerization of 3/4-methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride firstly. Constant volume impregnation was applied to modify γ-Al2O3 using alkali...


The review presents data on the role of hypertension in the development of cognitive impairments. It discusses issues of the early diagnosis of hypertension, the possibility of an integrated approach to therapy for cognitive disorders in hypertensive patients.


Fast and reliable high-speed intersatellite communication (ISC) between small satellites is dependent on the physical layer (PL) design of the onboard communication system. However, as with nonlegacy systems, the lack of architecture and design information pertaining to the development of the PL of an LED-based visible light communication (VLC) system for ISC poses significant challenges to architecting the communication system. Addressing these challenges requires a holistic approach to the specification of the system design. To this end, we explore the use of model-based systems engineering (MBSE) principles in mitigating the design complexity of the PL architecture for the VLC system. Design concerns and gaps are addressed by developing an executable black-box system model that specifies the conceptual architecture of the system, and a parametric model that analyzes multiple system configurations based on generated values for the signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate parameters. We utilize the structural, behavioral, and parametric semantics of SysML to define, specify, visualize, and analyze the various system design configurations. The resulting PL black-box system specification is verified through model execution.


The inherent moisture of lignites is an important property in combustion of coal. The literature abounds in numerous models for assessing this property based on the known values of other properties, which are determined using standard methods. As a rule, these correlations are only valid for coals from the same deposits. Based on sixteen Polish and one Australian lignite samples, an attempt was made to create a universal regression model for predicting the inherent moisture of lignites based on ash content and depth of deposition. A non-linear asymptotic model is elaborated. Its verification shows a high geological effectiveness.


Generalized pivotal quantities (GPQs) and generalized confidence intervals (GCIs) have proven to be useful tools for making inferences in many practical problems. Although GCIs are not guaranteed to have exact frequentist coverage, a number of published and unpublished simulation studies suggest that the coverage probabilities of such intervals are sufficiently close to their nominal value so as to be useful in practice. In this article we single out a subclass of generalized pivotal quantities, which we call fiducial generalized pivotal quantities (FGPQs), and show that under some mild conditions, GCIs constructed using FGPQs have correct frequentist coverage, at least asymptotically. We describe three general approaches for constructing FGPQs—a recipe based on invertible pivotal relationships, and two extensions of it—and demonstrate their usefulness by deriving some previously unknown GPQs and GCIs. It is fair to say that nearly every published GCI can be obtained using one of these recipes. As an interesting byproduct of our investigations, we note that the subfamily of fiducial generalized pivots has a close connection with fiducial inference proposed by R. A. Fisher. This is why we refer to the proposed generalized pivots as fiducial generalized pivotal quantities. We demonstrate these concepts using several examples.


Abstract In this article, we investigate the strong convergence of the Euler–Maruyama method and stochastic theta method for stochastic differential delay equations with jumps. Under a global Lipschitz condition, we not only prove the strong convergence, but also obtain the rate of convergence. We show strong convergence under a local Lipschitz condition and a linear growth condition. Moreover, it is the first time that we obtain the rate of the strong convergence under a local Lipschitz condition and a linear growth condition, i.e., if the local Lipschitz constants for balls of radius R are supposed to grow not faster than log R.


From the sociocultural approach of language, this research approaches writing as a practice that allows people to participate as social beings in the world, surpassing alphabetization and abilities, skills and competences that have been addressed at school. Likewise, social representations are studied to reveal the thoughts, beliefs, knowledge and valuations that students have about the social object of writing. This, in order to understand the relationship that is established between the practices carried out by six students of cycle IV of two schools south of Bogota and their social representations about writing. To fulfill this objective, the methodology was oriented from the qualitative-hermeneutical paradigm, using the multiple case study method and attending to the multimethodological proposal of Abric (2001) on the construction of social representations in three phases: selection of cases, data collection and analysis, and triangulation. The main results show that students maintain school writing practices, which respond to teacher requirements and, after school writings respond to their own initiative. Regarding social representations, it was found that they are made up of concepts, functions, evaluations, types, themes and recipients. It became evident that there are two-way relationships between writing practices and social representations of writing, where they mutually determine each other, which is manifested in the student's speeches and in their practices.


Objective To analyze the risk factors for CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease children.Methods The clinical data of 60 patients with Kawasaki disease were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were 27 CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease in 60 Kawasaki disease patients.9 patients were age ≤ 1 year.16 CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease were male.11 CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease were female.6 CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease were WBC>20 × 109/L、21 CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease were WBC ≤20 × 109/L;17 CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease were PLT>300 x 109/L、10 CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease were PLT≤300 x 109/L;9 CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease were ESR>100mm/1h、15 CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease were ESR ≤ 100mm/1 h;5 CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease were fever duration>10d using IVIG、22 CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease were fever duration ≤ 10d using IVIG.There were no significant differences(P>0.05),9 CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease were CRP>100mg/L、18 CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease were CRP≤ 100mg/L,showed significant difference(P<0.01).Conclusion Kawasaki disease patients had CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease has no difference between male and female.The high risk factors for CAL secondary to Kawasaki disease are age ≤ 1 year,CRP>100mg/L.

Key words:
Kawasaki disease; Coronary artery diseases; High risk factors


An immunocompetent 6-year-old boy with no history of antibiotic use presented because of watery diarrhea of 3 weeks' duration and intermittent fevers of 1 week's duration. Sigmoidoscopy revealed pseudomembranous colitis. A stool specimen was positive for Clostridium difficile toxin A. This case illustrates a rare episode of communityacquired, non-antibiotic-associated C. difficile pseudomembranous colitis in a child.