Purpose

Despite the number of studies on employee voice much remains unknown regarding the mediating role of employee voice in the link between entrepreneur's paternalistic leadership style and creativity. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of authoritarian, benevolent and moral leadership on creativity via employee voice.

Design/methodology/approach

The study utilized structured equation modeling to evaluate the data from 387 highly skilled employees in Republic of Korea.

Findings

The findings suggested that authoritarian leadership style reduces employee voice which in turn impacts on creativity and moral leadership facilitates creativity via employee voice.

Originality/value

The study is the first to discover the mediating role of employee voice on the association between authoritarian, moral leadership and creativity.


Many poor countries are initiating teacher contract reforms to meet a growing demand for primary education at a time of increasing government deficits. Key aspects of this reform include reduced salaries and benefits for new, contractual teachers. Using data from Togo, we find that students of regular teachers systematically outperform those of contractual teachers, even after controlling for prior achievement, household-, schooland classroom characteristics. Variation in teaching methods, absenteeism, and resentment over "unfair" pay across contract types do not explain the performance gap. Instead, our findings suggest the reforms triggered a reduction in supply of high quality teacher entrants. Do differences in teacher contracts affect student performance? Evidence from Togo, p. 1


A novel scheme for the evaluation of interface adhesion energy was examined by a detailed numerical simulation of interface crack extension. The effects of crystal orientation on the Cu/SiN interface adhesion strength of LSI was evaluated using the finite element method. Crack extension simulation was conducted with a model of the actual specimen used for the interface fracture test. The characteristics of elastic–plastic deformation, which changes significantly depending on crystal orientation, were taken into account in the model. With this scheme, the effect of orientation of single crystals on the maximum load Pmax was investigated under the condition of a constant bonding energy of the interface at the beginning of unstable crack propagation during the fracture test. The values of Pmax obtained with a number of different crystal orientations ranged over 179–311 µN. The result indicates that the crack propagates more easily in the case that slip deformation of Cu near the interface starts with a low stress, as in the case of the (111) surface. It implies that the apparent interface adhesion strength represented by the load required to debond the interface strongly depends on Cu crystal orientation, because the amount of energy used for plastic deformation of the Cu crystal changes with crystal orientation near the interface.


Objectives: This study aims to determine the diagnosis of incidental thyroid carcinoma in patients operated on for multinodular goitre. Study design: Descriptive. Place and duration: Surgical Department, Nishtar Hospital Multan during January 2005 to June 2006. Patients and methods: Study was carried out on 100 patients of either sex, above the age of 14 years with euthyroid multinodular goitre. Results: Of the 100 patients of multinodular goitre, 89 were females, with female to male ratio of 8.09:1. The pressure symptoms were present in 28 patients, commonest one was dyspnoe in 18%. Swelling was bilateral in 82 patient with retrostemal extension in 6%.Thyroid carcinoma was reported in 11% patients during histopathology after subtotal thyroidectomies. The most common malignancy was papillary carcinoma with 54.54%. Papillary to follicular ratio was 2:1. Postoperative complications occurred in 8 patients, wound infection 4%, temporary hoarseness 3% and Hypoparathyroidism 1%. No patient required reexploration due to postoperative haemorrhage. Mortality was nil. Conclusion: Risk of malignancy in MNG should not be underestimated and dominant nodules in multinodular goitre should be valued as solitary nodule.


Governments around the world have been pressured to implement e-Government programs in order to improve the government-citizen dialogue. The authors of this article review prior literature on such efforts to find if they lead to increased democratic participation ("e-Democracy") for the affected citizens, with a focus on the key concepts of transparency, openness, and engagement. The authors find that such efforts are a starting point toward e-Democracy, but the journey is far from complete.


Reservoirs differ from lakes mostly in three aspects: (i) water residence times usually are not longer than several months, (ii) horizontal heterogeneity induced by the inflowing river water is more pronounced, and (iii) they are historically much younger than lakes. As a consequence, seasonal and long-term dynamics of pelagic food webs reflect the changes in the catchment and hydrological variations more significantly than in lakes, and an ageing and "maturing" of the reservoir ecosystem might affect the pelagic biomass even several decades after filling. Using long-term data sets on pelagic biomass components from canyonshaped reservoirs of different residence time, the following topics are discussed: (1) changes of pelagic bacteria-phytoplankton - zooplankton abundances during ageing as well as longitudinal changes from the river inflow dowstream to the lacustrine part of a reservoir, (2) long-term changes of pelagic bacteria-phytoplankton-zooplankton abundances and seasonal changes of microbial loop in two reservoirs of different residence times. Periods with relative prevalence of bacterial above zooplankton biomass were detected, mostly coinciding with (or following after) the periods with low phytoplankton to zooplankton ratios.


APPROXIMATELY three hundred men and fifty women die annually in the United States from cancer arising on the floor of the mouth, according to the American Cancer Society. The purpose of this report is to outline some tentative concepts derived from the management of a small number of private patients who have been followed closely for five years or more after treatment. This study does not include the multicentric lesions of the mouth which are occasionally seen and may involve the floor. That appears to be a completely different kind of disease-the entire mouth seems to "catch fire with cancer," beginning in many sites. Often the patient is found to have none of the usual contributing causes such as poor oral hygiene, excessive smoking or drinking, syphilis, or malnutrition. Microscopically the lesions are usually Grade III or IV. In contrast, the typical patient with a solitary, primary, malignant ulcer on the floor of the mouth is middle-aged, a heavy smoker and an immoderate drinker of alcoholic beverages.' The lesion frequently is at or near a site of trauma from poorly fitting dental prosthesis and is low-grade histologically. The 33 cases reported herein were all diagnosed squamous-cell carcinoma by biopsy. No attempt was made to grade the tumor other than as to its being "noninfiltrating" or "infiltrating" of the basement membrane.2 Anatomically, the cases were divided into five categories (Table 1). The category "noninfiltrating lesions of the floor" (Type I) includes carcinomain-situ and certain papillary-like carcinomas which remained superficial. Type II represents those infiltrating carcinomas limited to the floor of the mouth and without palpable nodes, whereas the third category represents an extension to surrounding areas (tongue, alveolar ridge, and anterior pillar) but still without nodal involvement clinically. The fourth group includes those primary lesions of the floor of the mouth wherein the palpable nodes were limited to the upper (suprahyoid) level of the neck on clinical examination. In the final group


The problem here can be simplified till it reaches the commonplace. Theoretically, our interpretation of the results of serological tests in syphilis is handicapped by doubts as to the real nature of the tests we employ, of which more will be said later. But experience has proved that, whatever their fundamental nature, present-day serological tests for syphilis (S.T.S.) are, in practice, both highly sensitive and highly specific; and with appropriate safeguards to exclude temporarily false positive reactions, a positive reaction means that the patient has been infected with syphilis at some time in his life. It is not a guide as to whether the patient is sick at the time, nor even as to whether he will ever become sick (Moore, 1946).


Monro's compilation of brief biographical sketches of physicians who established themselves as highly talented men or as geniuses in nonmedical lines is a rich repository of miscellaneous information. This is a book for those who go into an old bookshop and forget what they were aiming for or escaping from. It probably should have been entitled "The British Physician as a Man of Letters, Action and Science," since reference to doctors of other lands is fragmentary, perfunctory, and illiterate. In the pages of this little book I discovered diseases bearing the names of saints, a Dr. Morrison who invented a telegraph in 1753, M.D.'s who achieved their most conspicuous fame as pirates or murderers, others who forsook medicine for the church or who went in the opposite direction, and a doctor who constructed (1) a wooden bull that bellowed, (2) an automatic dragon, and (3) a selfperforming lyre! Perhaps this


Drought stress hinders plant growth and productivity due to the current climate change scenario. Two genotypes of Pennisetum glaucum ((tolerant IP14322 and susceptible LRNO5) were screened under 5 and 10 days of drought stress to detect traits responsible for tolerance to drought. Several strategies were identified in response to drought among the two genotypes. This work reports the traits of drought adaptation between the two genotypes. IP14322 maintained high biomass production, tolerance index, RWC better than LRNO5 after imposing drought stress. The study showed that total chlorophyll contents, MDA concentration and accumulation of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, APX) highlighted that genotype IP14322 is a desired crop for drought tolerance. Total chlorophyll content, RWC, biomass production under stress reduced significantly as compared to LRNO5 genotypes. The high concentration of MDA and high accumulation of antioxidant enzymes with extended periods of drought stress suggest that IP14322 possess a certain measure of osmotic protection and induced activity of antioxidant thereby causing death of the plant. Therefore, these landraces are of precious value to incorporate genetic profiling that can be used in breeding


Climate change has fundamentally altered the water cycle in tropical islands, which is a critical driver of freshwater ecosystems. To examine how changes in streamflow regime have impacted habitat quality for native migratory aquatic species, we present a 50‐year (1967–2016) analysis of hydrologic records in 23 unregulated streams across the five largest Hawaiian Islands. For each stream, flow was separated into direct run‐off and baseflow and high‐ and low‐flow statistics (i.e., Q10 and Q90) with ecologically important hydrologic indices (e.g., frequency of flooding and low flow duration) derived. Using Mann–Kendall tests with a running trend analysis, we determined the persistence of streamflow trends through time. We analysed native stream fauna from ~400 sites, sampled from 1992 to 2007, to assess species richness among islands and streams. Declines in streamflow metrics indicated a general drying across the islands. In particular, significant declines in low flow conditions (baseflows), were experienced in 57% of streams, compared with a significant decline in storm flow conditions for 22% of streams. The running trend analysis indicated that many of the significant downward trends were not persistent through time but were only significant if recent decades (1987–2016) were included, with an average decline in baseflow and run‐off of 10.90% and 8.28% per decade, respectively. Streams that supported higher native species diversity were associated with moderate discharge and baseflow index, short duration of low flows, and negligible downward trends in flow. A significant decline in dry season flows (May–October) has led to an increase in the number of no‐flow days in drier areas, indicating that more streams may become intermittent, which has important implications for mauka to makai (mountain to ocean) hydrological connectivity and management of Hawai'i's native migratory freshwater fauna.


The dispersion relation of Bernstein wave in an electron beam-plasma system is analyzed numerically. Electrostatic instability of the wave occurs as the result of interaction with a slow space charge wave or a slow cyclotron wave of beam, while interactions with a fast space charge wave and a fast cyclotron wave of beam result in a strong damping of waves. The behavior of the instability is investigated in datail as function of plasma and beam parameters. It is shown that these are consistent with the previous experimental results.


SummaryEthephon, at concentrations from 150 to 660 ppm, was applied in 1974 and 1975 at various stages during and after bloom. At 500 ppm it reduced fruit set but improved fruit size, so that the total crop weight was unaffected. The year after treatment the ethephon-thinned trees yielded better than the unthinned controls and the cumulative crop over the two-year period was increased. Carbaryl was ineffective as a thinning agent on Laxton's Superb.


In the field of experiential Jewish education there is an oft-cited adage, adopted from another context that "you just know it when you see it." When one walks into a good summer camp, one can know straight away whether it's a good summer camp. Likewise for a good youth group activity, a good Israel experience etcetera. Of course the converse is also true, if the setting isn't quite living up to its potential. Suggesting that someone with many years of experience in these settings intuitively knows what is good and successful is both the blessing and curse for those of us who engage in the research of experiential Jewish education.


Abstract Objective: To compare the ways of evaluating arithmetic skills in Brazilian children with ADHD by combining three validated neuropsychological tests and determining whether they are sensitive to the methylphenidate treatment. Methods: Forty-two children (9–12 years old) participated in the present study: 20 were children with ADHD (DSM-IV) and 22 were age-matched controls. A classification criterion was used for each test separately and one, for their combination to detect the presence of arithmetic difficulties at two time points: baseline (time 1); and when children with ADHD were taking 0.3–0.5 mg/kg of methylphenidate (time 2). The study also assessed children's subtraction performance, combining parts of these tests. Results: Separately, the tests were only sensitive to differences between groups without medication. However, by combining the three neuropsychological tests, we observed a difference and detected a reduction in arithmetic difficulties associated with the methylphenidate treatment. The same effects were found in subtraction exercises, which require a borrowing procedure. Conclusions: The present study detected arithmetic difficulties in Brazilian children with ADHD and the effects of methylphenidate. Given this improvement in sensitivity, combining tests could be a promising alternative when working with limited samples.


We analyze the impact of the Unruh eect on quantum Magic Square game. We find the values of acceleration parameter for which quantum strategy yields higher players' winning probability than classical strategy.


Since time immemorial, the traditions, customs art & culture have been orally transferred from one generation to other. Gradually people started using various medium like brick bark, palm leaves, bhuja patras, cloths, woods, handmade papers, etc. to write and record the ancient knowledge available in the areas of religious literature on Vedas, Puranas and many ancient Sanskrit texts, natural physical sciences, art & culture etc. The Oriental/Indian manuscripts are the important sources of collection of written documents, texts and scripts. The advent of computers and emerging ICTs have given us an opportunity to exploit these technologies to collect, organise, preserve, retrieve and disseminate the information available in the form of manuscripts and rare documents. The LIS professionals who are working in many libraries have a great responsibility to conserve and preserve these resources to serve the society for their information needs and also to preserve carefully for the future generations or posterity. The rapid technological development in few decades back particularly in the area of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), multimedia, digital technologies and emergence of Internet/World Wide Web (WWW) have given rise to the development of modern computerised and digital libraries. These developments have fundamentally changed the way we generate, collect, organize, preserve, retrieve and disseminate the information.The traditional libraries have been adopting the ICTs and digital technologies for their routine housekeeping operations and computer based library & information services to its end users. As the modern technologies are coming up, there is a great demand of new information products and services. Many publishers have started producing electronic resources along with the printed documents. Accordingly enormous information is being produced in digital forms or digitized information. Since these technologies are changing very fast which are replacing the old media and storage devices, there is a need to preserve the born digital or digitized information resources what we are having for the future generation or for posterity. Therefore in view of this, we have to develop the mechanism to preserve the digital resources in new media so that the information resources cannot be destroyed and may be utilized in future also. By using modern ICT and digital technologies, the accessibility and usability of information will be increased. Library will reach to the wider audience and the visibility of libraries will be increased and the digital resources can be accessed from any part of the world and at any time. In 21st Century the born digital information and digitized information is being created to cope up the demand of the library users. Many publishers have started publishing e-books and e-journals and provided 24x7 access from anywhere to their clientele over dedicated network which fulfills our requirement of instant information. Due to ever increasing production of information, LIS professionals are facing challenges to manage digital resources/ e-resources because technologies are changing very fast and older technologies are becoming obsolete within few months or year. The digitized information or e-resources created in view of the available technologies at that time is no longer available for access to the information. For example 5" x 3" or small floppies, Audio-Video Cassettes and media devices like VCP/VCR are becoming obsolete and information stored in those storage devices needs to be transferred to the newer storage media device so that the data can be saved for future usage. Therefore in view of this the techniques of digital preservation have been increasingly recognized as an important area of managing digitised or born digital resources. Several traditional conservation and digital preservation techniques have been evolving to conserve the valuable oriental manuscripts and rare documents of historical / archival importance. Govt. of India has taken many initiatives under Ministry of Culture to establish National Museum and archives and other nodal agencies like Indira Gnadhi National Centres for Arts (IGNCA) New Delhi, Asiatic Society Library, Kolkata, National Library of India, Kolkata have taken big initiatives to conserve and preserve the manuscripts, rare documents, artifacts, Govt. Records etc., and make digital copy for preservation for posterity and dissemination of information to academics and researchers. In this way, our valuable art & culture, customs & traditions, indigenous knowledge systems have been documented and recorded for preservation and dissemination. In view of the above, in the present paper, an attempt has been taken to describe a brief account of rare manuscripts and documents, overview of the present status of the digital preservation technologies, advantages, disadvantages of different approaches of digital preservation methods used for digital preservation of rare manuscripts and documents. It highlights the Govt. Of India initiatives to establish National Mission for Manuscripts (NMM) and its projects running at regional centres for the conservation, preservation and cataloguing of manuscripts. Besides that the paper also describes the Indian initiatives and role of National Museum, IGNCA, Asiatic Society Library , and National Library of India for taking initiatives to conservation and preservation of manuscripts, rare documents, documentation of art & culture, oral traditions and sustainable management of indigenous knowledge for the preservation and conservation of manuscripts and cultural heritage of India in brief.


The innovation of ideological and political education work can help to inspire students' learning enthusiasm and initiative,improve the comprehensive quality of students,and promote all-round development and progress of universities. There are some problems and deficiencies existing in the current work of ideological and political education,mainly reflects in the challenge for external environment,student's low quality,the weak innovation and so on. In order to deal with these problems,the future work need to be taken in the actual work innovation strategy to establish service consciousness,and strengthen the practice exercise,master the scientific and reasonable methods,and improve the innovation level,to strengthen the construction of the counselor team,and pay attention to the application of new media.


An increasing number of biologically-inspired control approaches for bipedal walking are demonstrating impressive capabilities in simulations. Although many of them share the main assumptions about the simulated biped, so far no physical system has been presented that meets the requirements. Thus, in this paper we are presenting the Compliant Robotic Leg (Carl) — a fully actuated bio-inspired planar robotic leg that incorporates mono-as well as biarticular actuation. Its development is motivated by the vision to validate the Bioinspired Behavior Based Bipedal Locomotion Control (B4lc) on a physical platform. This paper provides an overview of the driving requirements for the different subsystems and the derived implementation. Two experiments were performed to proof the functionality of the system. Specifically, some key requirements — transparency, impact tolerance, force and impedance rendering — are demonstrated. To our knowledge, this is the first fully actuated robotic leg including biarticular elements that demonstrates distributed high-fidelity force and impedance control at the actuator level.


— The necessity of grading and sequencing tasks has led to the development of different criteria in this regard. However, appropriateness of these criteria in different situations is less discussed. This paper attempts to shed more light on the priority of different criteria in relation with different factors including learners, teachers, educational, and cultural factors.


INTRODUCTION: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP-NETs) are rare cancers most often found in the gastrointestinal system or the pancreas. However, patient-reported health state utilities based on clinical trials have not been previously reported in this disease area. METHODS: The CLARINET study collected the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 data from patients in both stable and progressive disease states, although data for the latter were only available during the early stage of progression due to trial design. Using published algorithms, data were mapped to EQ-5D utility values. Random-effects generalized least squares models were used to investigate the impacts of progression status, tumour site and other patient characteristics on mapped utility values. RESULTS: In total, 1,053 observations from 204 patients were mapped to EuroQol (EQ-5D) utilities using the McKenzie mapping algorithm. The final random-effects model included age, gender, baseline utility and progression status as covariates; it was not feasible to investigate time-to-death utility due to a limited number of death in the CLARINET study. Tumour location (midgut versus pancreas) does not seem to affect utility. However, the difference in utilities based on progression status is statistically significant (p<.05) in the base case analysis, and the estimated utilities for stable and progressive disease are .776 and .726, respectively. Furthermore, scenario analyses showed that utility for progressive disease is numerically lower than for stable disease, but this may not be statistically significant in some scenarios. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with GEP-NETs experience worse utility values in the progressive disease state compared to the stable disease state, based on patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQL) data from the CLARINET study. The decline of utility in the progressive disease state may be underestimated because progressive HRQL data were only collected shortly after the progression event in the trial. The estimated trial-based utilities can be used in future economic evaluations for GEP-NET treatments and to provide more insights to physicians on patient-reported quality of life outcomes in GEP-NETs.


SUMMARY : A comparison of the compressive strength has been made through hydrothermal reactions of lime and silica sand. Various additives, such as china-clay, Na 2 CO 3 , CaSO 4 , 2H 2 O, slate, fire-clay and Na 2 SiO 3 have been employed in order to get the higher strength. The compressive strengths and mineralogy were determined for various mixtures of lime and aggregate fines autoclaved at a steam pressure of 0.1 MPa (100°C) for 6, 12, 18, 24 and 48 hours. A maximum strength of 25.0 MPa was recorded after 48-hours reaction between 80% silica sand, 15% lime and 5% china clay, whereas if the reactants are only silica sand (85%) and lime (15%), they lead to lower 48-hours strength (11.3 MPa). The cementitious product identified was calcium hydro-silicate.


In this study, ground-level ozone is modeled using Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) and additive Holt–Winters models over the North-Western cluster of Ethiopia using four homogeneous series of more than 13 years of data from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. We split the dataset into training and testing sets. We used the data during the period 2007–2019 for model formulation and parameter estimation and the one year data in 2020 to test model forecasts. More than 60 SARIMA models have been generated for the time series. The goodness of fit of these models has been assessed using the Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion. After rigorous assessment, the seasonal ARIMA(2,0,4)(1,1,2)[12], ARIMA(3,1,0)(2,0,0)[12], ARIMA(0,1,2)(0,0,2)[12], and ARIMA(2,0,0)(2,1,0)[12] models have been identified as best predictive models for Addis Ababa, Ras Dashen, Danakil Depression, and Bahir Dar, respectively. We applied model evaluation metrics, such as root mean square error, mean absolute error, and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) to compare the accuracy between seasonal ARIMA and Holt–Winters models. Among the SARIMA and Holt–Winters models, our findings show that the best model for forecasting surface-level ozone is ARIMA(2,0,4)(1,1,2)[12] and ARIMA(3,1,0)(2,0,0)[12] for Addis Ababa and Ras Dashen stations, respectively. However, for Danakil Depression and Bahir Dar stations, the Holt–Winters model with α = 0.346, β = 0.023, γ = 0.36 and α = 0.302, β = 0.019, γ = 0.266, respectively, are found to be best models than the SARIMA. Moreover, the maximum MAPE were found to be less than 7.86% in the study, and hence all the forecasts are acceptable.


'CAMHS around the Campfire', is our a free live online journal club. This session was on the CAMH paper by Dr. Sarah Parry and Dr. Filippo Varese 'Whispers, echoes, friends and fears: forms and functions of voice‐hearing in adolescence'. It was recorded on Thursday 28 January 2021. Please visit our Events page for details of upcoming sessions. ACAMH members can now receive a CPD certificate for watching this recorded lecture.


Based on the agricultural products logistics informationization and technology definition,the study analyses the demand and supply of Chinese agricultural products logistics informationization,and puts forward its problems and some suggestions on solving them,it provides some reference for the development of Chinese agricultural products logistics informationization.


The ability to replace damaged organs and blood vessels totally or in part has improved the quality of life and increased the lifetimes of many persons. The foundation for this success is improved biomaterials. Biomaterials are substances or combinations of substances that can be used in a system that treats, augments, or replaces any tissue, organ, or function of the body. A widening variety of biomaterials is being used today outside the traditional areas of plastic and reconstructive surgery, dentistry, and bone or muscle repair. Artificial organs, for example, are expected to play a greater role in preventive medicine, especially in the early prevention of end-stage organ failure. For several decades, bodily parts have been replaced or repaired by direct substitution with natural tissue or selected synthetic materials. At the beginning of the 20th century, devices and materials were focused on life-threatening situations, such as those involving the need for blood transfusions. Largely by modifying ...


This volume highlights the dynamic nature of the field of English Linguistics and features selected contributions from the 8th Biennial International Conference on the Linguistics of Contemporary English. The contributions comprise studies (i) that focus on the structure of linguistic systems (or subsystems) or the internal structure of specific construction types, (ii) that take an interest in variation at all linguistic levels, or (iii) that explore what linguistic findings can tell us about human cognition in general, and language processing in particular. All chapters represent state-of-the-art research that relies on rigorous quantitative and qualitative analysis and that will inform current and future linguistic practice and theory building.


Kaplan et al. (1989) present a framework for translation based on the description and correspondence concepts of Lexical-Functional Grammar (Kaplan and Bresnan, 1982). Certain phenomena, in particular the head-switching of adverbs and verbs, seem to be problematic for that approach. In this paper we suggest that these difficulties are more properly considered as the result of defective monolingual analyses. We propose a new description-language operator, restriction, to permit a succinct formal encoding of the informal intuition that semantic units sometimes correspond to subsets of functional information. This operator, in conjunction with an additional recursion provided by a description-by-analysis rule, is the basis of a more adequate account of head-switching that preserves the advantages of correspondence-based translation.


Toward the technical requirements of third-party hand-held detection system for targeted identification,a third-party targeted identification access algorithm is designed.Taking TD-SCDMA system as an example,the algorithm is consisted of the downlink resolution of broadcast messages,extracting of the primary common control physical channel and the physical random access channel configuration information,monitoring of the uplink primary common control physical channel and the physical random access channel,and the targeted user identification to access is to achieved.The algorithm is transplanted to the hardware platform then compiled and implemented,and it verify the effectiveness of the detection method by test.


Nowadays, nanoparticles are extensively employed by mixing them with oils to improve the matting bodies' tribological properties, especially in manufacturing operations that encompass the generation of high temperature, residual stresses and cutting forces that directly affect the engineering part's life, therefore, using nano-lubricated oils becomes a vital tool to reduce these effects. The current investigation is concerned with resolving tribological behavior issues for two lubricant oils, such as 7701 and 144.mg oils, throughout adding different Nanoparticles types. The present study's primary purpose is to explore the tribological behavior of AA1060 aluminum alloy under dry and lubricated conditions by adding various weight percentages of nanoparticles to 7701 and 144.mg oils. molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles with five concentrations vary as follows (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2) %wt. were dispersed in 7701 and 144.mg oils to prepare the nano lubricant additives. This paper's findings reveal a remeakable improvement in coefficient of friction and wear rate due to adding nanoparticles powder to the oil compared to dry and base oil conditions. The optimal condition for coefficient of friction and wear rate was observed at 1%wt. of both nanoparticles and hybrid lubricant additives. with 2 % wt. of TiC composite owns best tribological properties. developed a new type of lubricant based on oil and water (O/W) and mixed it with nanoparticles lubricants which containing 2 nanoparticles to enhance the surface finish of AISI 304 stainless steel and reduce the rolling force the particle size impact of MoS 2 on the tribological behaviour of EN31 steel disc and AISI steel ball The Nanoparticles mixed with as a lubricant condition. The results when the particle decreases, wear of of ZnO nanoparticles wear extreme pressure weight coefficient of friction wear rate rised when 2 O 3 Nanopowder thin on surface in and properties nitride (TiN) D.C. silver (Ag) ions, the results show that the irradiations drive to lattice deformation, rising disorder and new phase of silver (Ag) Namer influence of nanoparticles the different types of lubricant oils the tribological characteristics for AA2024-T4 aluminum alloy covered by SiN and TiN thin found a good improvement in friction and wear rate due to Nanoparticle oil viscosity Mezher


This research article represents the literature review on study of coded convolution codes like trellis coded modulation (TCM) and bit interleaved coded modulation (BICM) for robust error correction of codes. In wireless communication error correction codes and interleaving have an important application due to fading. Reviewed research papers have TCM and BICM with different techniques and methods used in it. Papers show different modulation schemes used with TCM for various applications. Different algorithms are used with BICM for improving bit error rate and improving bandwidth efficiency in reviewed papers. Different techniques like Iterative decoding and Constellation mapping are used with BICM and TCM to improve Bit error rate (BER) and signal to noise ratio (SNR).


This study examines how firms use benchmarking information about peers to determine the compensation that they offer to chief executive officers (CEOs). It jointly addresses two distinct perspectives: pay equity and managerial power. Pay inequity provides strong motivation for CEOs to restore equity, by promoting the logic of external fairness and urging boards of directors to implement peer benchmarking and adjust the focal CEO's compensation levels. Although pay inequity may motivate CEOs to restore equity, their reaction to inequity may be effective only when they have sufficient power over the board of directors to influence the pay-setting process. Results from a sample of 1,555 CEOs generally support predictions about the moderating effects of CEO power in the relationship between a focal CEO's pay and peer CEOs' pay. The compensation for underpaid CEOs with relatively greater power over the board is associated with their peers' compensation, suggesting that peer benchmarking is more aggressively used to adjust CEO compensation upward. For overpaid CEOs, the relationship between the focal CEO's pay and peer CEOs' pay is weaker when the CEOs have greater influence over the board, suggesting that such CEOs are able to avoid the use of benchmarking and downward adjustments of pay.


This article mainly discussed on the PCI bus communication between industrial PC and digital signal processor, based on the CNC system of wire-cut machine. We built the interface circuit based on the PCI interface chip PCI9052, and introduced the driver program briefly. Thus the issue of high speed data transfer is solved.


In order to explain some of the variability in the degree of maladjustment exhibited by sexually abused children, behavior problems, social competence and cognitive functioning were assessed in 53 abused Black girls aged 5 through 16 years. Internalizing dysfunction was positively related to three cognition-related variables: intellectual functioning, academic achievement, and age. Anxiety specifically about the abuse was positively related to age. Parent-reported self-blame for the abuse was associated with high scores on the intellectual, academic, and emotional distress measures. Thus cognitively advanced victims seemed to experience more emotional distress. Externalizing dysfunction was associated with low social competence. Sexual acting out was associated with emotional distress, overt behavior disturbance, and low social competence. These results suggest that internal, subject variables affect the degree of dysfunction exhibited by sexually abused children.


Using autonomous molecular analytical devices embedded within an ocean observatory, we studied harmful algal bloom (HAB) ecology in the dynamic coastal waters of Monterey Bay, California. During studies in 2007 and 2008, HAB species abundance and toxin concentrations were quantified periodically at two locations by Environmental Sample Processor (ESP) robotic biochemistry systems. Concurrently, environmental variability and processes were characterized by sensors co‐located with ESP network nodes, regional ocean moorings, autonomous underwater vehicle surveys, and satellite remote sensing. The two locations differed in their long‐term average physical and biological conditions and in their degree of exposure to episodic wind‐forced variability. While anomalously weak upwelling and strong stratification during the 2007 study favored toxigenic dinoflagellates (Alexandrium catenella), anomalously strong upwelling during the 2008 study favored toxigenic diatoms (Pseudo‐nitzschia spp.). During both studies, raphidophytes (Heterosigma akashiwo) were detected within a similar range of concentrations, and they reached higher abundances at the relatively sheltered, stratified site. During 2008, cellular domoic acid reached higher concentrations and was far more variable at the shallower ESP node, where phytoplankton populations were influenced by resuspended sediments. Episodic variability caused by wind forcing, lateral mixing, internal waves, and subsurface phytoplankton layers influenced ESP detection patterns. The results illustrate the importance of mobilizing HAB detection on autonomous platforms that can intelligently target sample acquisition as a function of environmental conditions and biological patch encounter.


Background: To assess the impact of syphilis infection on the risk of HIV-RNA elevation in people living with HIV (PLWH) with current HIV-RNA ≤50 copies/mL. Setting: The Italian Cohort Naive Antiretrovirals. Methods: All PLWH (2009–2020) under antiretroviral treatment with at least 2 consecutive HIV-RNA values ≤50 copies/mL before the date of syphilis diagnosis and at least 1 HIV-RNA determination after the syphilis event were enrolled. A control group of PLWH without syphilis was matched for mode of HIV transmission. Outcomes were defined using the first HIV-RNA measure in the time window ranging between −2 and +6 months of the diagnosis/index date. The primary outcome used a single value >200 copies/mL to define HIV-RNA elevation associated with risk of transmission. The association between syphilis infection and the protocol defined outcome was evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: Nine hundred twenty-six PLWH with a syphilis event were enrolled and matched with a random sample of 1370 PLWH without syphilis. Eighteen of the 926 (1.9%) with syphilis had ≥1 HIV-RNA >200 copies/mL in the window vs. 29/1370 (2.1%) of the not exposed (P = 0.77). In the multivariable analysis adjusted for age, year of diagnosis/index date, and clinical site, syphilis infection was not associated with the risk of HIV-RNA >200 copies/mL (adjusted odds ratio 0.81; 95% confidence interval 0.43–1.52, P = 0.508). Conclusions: We did not find any evidence for an association between syphilis infection and viral elevation >200 copies/mL.


This work reports the synthesis and characterization of HDPE vitrimers obtained via reactive extrusion in the presence of bis-nitroxide dioxaborolanes.


(1) SYMPTOMS of meningeal irritation may precede or accompany the appearance of the serum rash. (2) Though serum disease is frequent after intrathecal injection of serum, especially after Flexner's antimeningitis serum, it is not clear that it is more frequent than after hypodermic injection of serum. (3) Intrathecal injection of serum necessarily involves risk of inducing increased intracranial pressure and may introduce a secondary infection; but it is not proved that the volume of serum injection favours a secondary infection of the meninges from the blood stream.


The UK government has announced a £220m (€270m; $350m) research fund to develop technologies for the prevention of HIV, to help stop the worldwide epidemic spiralling "out of control."

The fund will be used to develop products for neglected tropical diseases, including tuberculosis and malaria, as well as drugs, vaccines, and microbicides for HIV.

The fund was announced at a conference in London on ways to accelerate preventive strategies for HIV infection.

At the conference, Gareth Thomas, the United Kingdom's development minister, quoted figures from Thailand's AIDS programme, showing that $1 spent in the 1990s on …


Background: This study explored effects of stress hyperglycemia (SHG) on cardiac function and prognosis in critical patients of ICU. Methods: We analyzed 80 critical non-diabetic patients admitted to ICU. Based on blood glucose levels, patients were divided into normal group with normal blood glucose level (conventional treatment) and SHG group. SHG patients were further divided into control group (conventional treatment) and strengthen group (intensive insulin therapy). Cardiac function parameters of patients were monitored by the Swan-Ganz catheter, including right atrial pressure (RAP), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP); cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), hydrogen ion concentration (PH), partial pressure of oxygen in artery (PaO2), and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery (PaCO2). Results: SHG patients showed higher RAP, PAP, PAWP, BNP levels, and lower CO, CI, PaO2 and PaCO2 levels than normal group. Intensive insulin therapy significantly decreased RAP, PAP, PAWP, BNP, and increased CO, CI, PaO2, and PaCO2. Moreover, ICU length of stay, the number of patients using ventilator, duration of mechanical ventilation and mortality were all significantly decreased in strengthen group. Conclusion: SHG had a significant effect on cardiac function in patients admitted to ICU, resulting in exacerbation and poor prognosis. Intensive insulin therapy markedly improved cardiac function of patients with SHG.


A novel approach to electric explosion of intertwined wires to obtain homogeneous powder mixtures intended for preparing feedstock for extrusion 3D printing has been applied. The powder were composed of spherical micron- and nano-sized W/Cu particles in-situ alloyed by Zn and Ni during electric explosion of intertwined dissimilar metal wires is offered. The mean particle size measured by micron-sized particles was not more than 20 μm. The average number size of these particles was 3 μm and it was dependent on the energy input. The powders contained phases such as α-W, β-W/W3O as well as FCC α-Cu(Zn) and α-Cu(Ni) solid solutions with the crystalline lattice parameters 3.629 and 3.61 A, respectively.


OBJECTIVE
This paper describes the translation of psychological research into clinical services in pediatric oncology, based on two decades of research and clinical services in the Division of Oncology at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP).

METHOD
Two models helpful in conceptualizing clinical care underlying intervention work at CHOP are summarized: The Pediatric Psychosocial Preventative Health Model (PPPHM; Kazak, 2006) and the Medical Traumatic Stress Model, specific to pediatric illness and injury (Kazak, Kassam-Adams et al., 2006).

RESULTS
Integration of these two models offers a "blueprint" for development and evaluation of services to children with cancer and their families relevant for all families across the complete spectrum of disease and treatment.

CONCLUSION
The dissemination of evidence-based psychosocial practice in pediatric oncology remains a large and challenging goal. The proposed blueprint may facilitate collaborative work to help assure that children with cancer and their families have access to evidence-based care.


Australian politicians are keen to project our participation in two major international trade talks - the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), and the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) - as unproblematic.


Invasive Weed Optimization is a recently proposed population based meta-heuristic that mimics the colonizing action of weeds. In this article, an improvement to the classical algorithm has been proposed by introducing a constriction factor in the seed dispersal stage. Temporal Difference Q-Learning has been employed to adapt this parameter for different population members through the successive generations. The proposed memetic approach, named Intelligent Invasive Weed Optimization (IIWO) has been tested extensively on a set of 15 benchmark functions as well as the real world Circular Antenna Array Design problem. The results indicate the efficacy of our proposed approach.


JENNIFER J. CLARK: Estimation and Hypothesis testing with Additive Kernel Machines for High-Dimensional Data (Under the direction of Dr. Mike Wu) Advances in high throughput biotechnology have culminated in the development of large scale, population based studies for identifying genomic features (e.g. genes, SNPs, CpGs, etc.) associated with complex diseases and traits. Understanding an individual's genetic disposition for particular traits and diseases can provide information toward the development of individualized risk profiles and treatment regimes and simultaneously provides clues as to the biological mechanisms underlying complex traits. However, the high-dimensionality of the feature space, the limited availability of samples, and our incomplete understanding of how features biologically influence various diseases impose a grand challenge for statisticians. To mitigate some of these challenges, we propose several new methods. First, we develop the additive least square kernel machine (ALSKM) approach for nonparametrically modeling and testing the cumulative effect of a group of features (such as multiple biologically related CpGs) while nonparametrically adjusting for complex, nonlinear covariates. Our proposed methods model both the genomic features and the complex covariates using the kernel machine framework. Second, building on the ALSKM, we develop a novel approach for testing for interactions between two different groups of (biologically related) features. Specifically, we develop a multi-marker test which can test for epistasis, or gene-gene interactions, between two different groups of genomic features. Finally, we again use on the machinery developed under Topics 1 and 2 to develop an approach for testing the association between rare variants and a phenotype in the presence of common variants while accommodating


Autophagy is an ancient pathway by which parts of cytoplasmic materials are delivered to the lysosome for degradation. Beclin 1, a human ortholog of yeast Atg6/Vps30, is the first mammalian autophagy gene discovered by Beth Levine in 1999 (Aita et al., 1999; Liang et al., 1999). The discovery of Beclin 1 starts a new era of autophagy. From then on, many landmark studies of Beclin 1 from the Beth lab elucidate various functions and roles of autophagy in cell survival, longevity, innate immunity, and cancer. For example, the Levine lab identify the interaction of Beclin 1 with anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, which inhibites Beclin 1-dependent autophagy (Liang et al., 1998; Pattingre et al., 2005). They also find that Beclin 1 is essential for lifespan extension in C. elegans (Melendez et al., 2003) and the disruption of the association of Beclin 1 and Bcl-2 promotes the lifespan extension in mice (Fernandez et al., 2018). Besides, Bethmakemany key findings about viral disease (Orvedahl et al., 2010), discovers Beclin 2 (He et al., 2013), and coins the term xonophagy (Levine, 2005). Those exciting findings infuse the autophagy research field andmake Beclin 1 themost extensively studiedmolecule in this field. Discovery of the new functions or modifications of Beclin 1 along with the identification of a series of Beclin 1 interacting proteins significantly improved our knowledge about autophagy initiation and regulation, as well as its essential roles in many human diseases. The breakthrough of Beclin 1-related studies also contributes to the final recognition by the Noble Committee and the awarding of the 2016 Noble Prize in Physiology or Medicine for research in autophagy. Beth Levine, an admirable pioneer in the field of autophagy, passed away on 15 June 2020, after a long-fought with breast cancer. The Chinese poetry says: "The deceased has gone with the Yellow Crane, and only left the empty Yellow Crane Tower here." Through collecting the reminiscence articles and the studies of Beclin 1 or autophagy related articles, this Research Topic aimed to commemorate Beth Levine for her tremendous contribution and indelible impact on the autophagy field. This Research Topic includes a review about Beth Levine's legacy written by the mentees from the Beth lab, two original OPEN ACCESS


A field experiment was conducted under rainfed conduction of Bacrajo and Bazian locations (Iraq-Kurdustan region) during 2015-2016 cropping season. The experiment consisted combinations of four cutting schedules (no cut, 80, 105, and 130 Days after sowing DAS), two barley varieties (Ibba-99 and Local variety) and two Fertilizer levels (N 40 and 80 kg .h -1 ). These 16 treatment combinations were evaluated under factorial randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results revealed that application of no cut, Ibba-99 variety and N 80 kg .ha -1 fertilizer as alone or in combinations significantly (P 0.05) increased almost all growth parameters, in most cases led to significant (P 0.05) increases number of spike m2, number of grains spike -1 , 1000-grain weight, Harvest Index (HI), and gave the highest biological yield and grain yield at the two locations. Cutting systems, varieties and N levels as alone or in all possible combinations (two and three-way interaction) had significant differences (P 0.05) effects on grain yield. The highest grain yield for (C0, Ibaa-99, N 80), (C0 x Ibaa-99), (C0 x N 80), (Local variety x N 80) and (C0 x Ibaa-99 x N 80) were 4.351 2.447, 2.509, 4.884, 4.782, 2.523 and 5.127 t ha -1 , respectively at Bakrajo location while at Bazyan location for (C0, Ibaa-99), (N 80, C0 x Local variety), (C0 x N 80 Local variety x N 80) and (No cut(C0) x Local variety x N 80) were 5.311, 3.814, 5.817, 5.551, 3.895, 3.938 and 6.216 tons ha -1 , respectively. The best grain yield for binary purpose barley at three-way combinations with (C1 x Local var x N 80) were (4.043 and 5.770) t .ha -1 at Bakrajo and Bazyan locations, respectively. For that, application of (C0 x Ibaa-99 x N 80) and (C0 x Local variety x N 80) combinations at Bakrajo and Bazyan locations, respectively may be the best combination to achieve high grain in quantity, while (C1 x Local variety x N 80) at the two locations for binary purpose barley may be the best option to achieve desired grains yield and forage yield in quantity under guaranteed rained Iraq-Kurdustan region.


Many firms express interest in increasing ethnic diversity but top management teams (TMTs) remain considerably less ethnically diverse than other employees and the general public. Drawing from theo...


A generalized multi-carrier (GMC) wireless transmission scheme is presented in multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) channel environments for beyond 3G mobile communications.Several key techniques including the design and implementation of the GMC synthesis/analysis system,adaptive double-cyclic timeslot structure,pilot design and channel estimation,and iterative detection/decoding are briefly discussed.Link-level simulation results in Rayleigh fading MIMO channels are provided.


Abstract. Widjajanti H, Elfita, Sari MT, Hidayati N, Hariani PL, Setiawan A. 2023. Diversity and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi isolated from salam (Syzygium polyanthum). Biodiversitas 24: 3051-3062. Salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.) is a medicinal plant from the family Myrtaceae. The leaves are used as a spice and treat diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ulcers, diarrhea, gastritis, and skin. This study aimed to determine endophytic fungi's diversity and antioxidant activity in the S. polyanthum plant. In addition, the distribution of endophytic fungi found on S. polyanthum was compared to that of previously reported endophytic fungi on other species of Syzygium. The distribution pattern of these endophytic fungi is needed to determine the presence of potential endophytic fungi that can live in host plants of the same genus. The endophytic fungi were isolated from fresh root bark, stem bark, and leaf tissues of S. polyanthum. The endophytic fungi were identified morphologically to determine their level of diversity; their extract was then tested for their antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The extract that showed the highest antioxidant activity was identified molecularly. A total of 18 endophytic fungi were obtained from S. polyanthum, including seven isolates from root bark (HSA1–HSA7), four isolates from stem bark (HSB1–HSB4), and seven isolates from leaves (HSD1–HSD7). The morphological identification showed seven genera scattered in all investigated parts: Trichoderma, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Pythium, Papulaspora, Pythiogeton, and Clonostachys. The HSD5 isolate showed the best antioxidant activity, and the molecular identification confirmed this isolate as Clonostachys rosea. The comparison of the distribution of endophytic fungi isolated from S. polyanthum to endophytic fungi isolated from the host genus Syzygium showed that endophytic fungi of three genera, namely Clonostachys, Papulaspora, and Pythiogeton, are specifically found on S. polyanthum. In addition, those of four other genera, namely Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Pythium, are found on other species of Syzygium.


Diffuse transmission and diffusing-wave spectroscopy (DWS) can be used to probe the structure and dynamics of opaque materials such as colloids, foams, and sand. A crucial step is to model photon transport as a diffusion process. This approach is acceptable for optically thick samples, far into the limit of strong multiple scattering; however, it becomes increasingly inaccurate for thinner samples for several reasons. Here, we correct for two of these defects. By modeling photon propagation by a telegrapher equation with suitable boundary conditions, we can account for the ballistic transport of photons at finite speed between successive scattering events. By introducing a discontinuity in the photon concentration at the source point, and then averaging over a range of penetration depths, we can account for the fact that photons usually scatter anisotropically into the forward direction, rather than being completely randomized at each event. The accuracy of our approach is tested by comparison both with random walk computer simulations and with experiments on specially designed suspensions of polystyrene spheres. We find that our predictions extend the utility of diffuse transmission to slabs of all thicknesses and of DWS to slabs down to about two transport mean free paths. Disciplines Physical Sciences and Mathematics | Physics Comments At the time of publication, author Douglas J. Durian was affiliated with University of California, Los Angeles. Currently, he is a faculty member at the Physics Department at the University of Pennsylvania. This journal article is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn.edu/physics_papers/624 Diffusing-light spectroscopies beyond the diffusion limit: The role of ballistic transport and anisotropic scattering P.-A. Lemieux, M. U. Vera, and D. J. Durian Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547 ~Received 14 October 1997 ! Diffuse transmission and diffusing-wave spectroscopy ~DWS! can be used to probe the structure and dynamics of opaque materials such as colloids, foams, and sand. A crucial step is to model photon transport as a diffusion process. This approach is acceptable for optically thick samples, far into the limit of strong multiple scattering; however, it becomes increasingly inaccurate for thinner samples for several reasons. Here, we correct for two of these defects. By modeling photon propagation by a telegrapher equation with suitable boundary conditions, we can account for the ballistic transport of photons at finite speed between successive scattering events. By introducing a discontinuity in the photon concentration at the source point, and then averaging over a range of penetration depths, we can account for the fact that photons usually scatter anisotropically into the forward direction, rather than being completely randomized at each event. The accuracy of our approach is tested by comparison both with random walk computer simulations and with experiments on specially designed suspensions of polystyrene spheres. We find that our predictions extend the utility of diffuse transmission to slabs of all thicknesses and of DWS to slabs down to about two transport mean free paths. @S1063-651X~98!11604-5# PACS number ~s!: 82.70. 2y, 05.40. 1j, 42.62.Fi


"Once a pathway has been created across an occluded segment, repeated dilatation or the use of an endovascular splint could maintain an adequate false lumen until the natural processes of fibrosis and re-intimalization had taken place. We believe re-intimalization is as likely to occur on the walls of a lumen formed by the patient's own tissues as on the fibers of the prosthesis." This was the prophecy


Light-sheet microscopy has evolved as an indispensable tool in imaging biological samples. It can image 3D samples at fast speed, with high-resolution optical sectioning, and with reduced photobleaching effects. These properties make light-sheet microscopy ideal for imaging fluorophores in a variety of biological samples and organisms, e.g. zebrafish, drosophila, cleared mouse brains, etc. While most commercial turnkey light-sheet systems are expensive, the existing lower cost implementations, e.g. OpenSPIM, are focused on achieving high-resolution imaging of small samples or organisms like zebrafish. In this work, we substantially reduce the cost of light-sheet microscope system while targeting to image much larger samples, i.e. cleared mouse brains, at single-cell resolution. The expensive components of a lightsheet system – excitation laser, water-immersion objectives, and translation stage – are replaced with an incoherent laser diode, dry objectives, and a custom-built Arduino-controlled translation stage. A low-cost CUBIC protocol is used to clear fixed mouse brain samples. The open-source platforms of μManager and Fiji support image acquisition, processing, and visualization. Our system can easily be extended to multi-color light-sheet microscopy.


The invention provides a method for constructing a gene expression vector causing non-flower of a plant and a transgene method for culturing the non-flowering plant thereof. The method comprises the following steps that: a leafy gene upstream initiating sub-sequence formed by arabidopsis controlled blossom bud anlage cell and a starch bacillus ribonucleic acid hydrolase gene barnase construct the gene expression vector culturing the non-flowering plant; and after the expression vector is transferred into a plant cell, a transgene plant blossom bud anlage gene automatically dies, so that a floral organ cannot be formed, and the plant cannot flower or seed at all. The gene expression vector culturing the non-flowering plant constructed by the method has good effect and stable performance, can be used for modifying the garden plant which has unenjoyable flower and fruits, and brings troubles for people when flowering and seeding, and can be used for modifying the plant with unremunerative fruits and seeds and culturing non-flowering and non-seeding plant varieties.


During the years, societies have faced different complex and hazardous events which has put their resilience to test. The refugee crisis is one event that usually do not fall within the framework of what a country or a political sector is prepared for. In the autumn 2015, when large numbers of refugees arrived at Malmo central station, no authorities were prepared and present to receive the people on the run. It was the civil society that were first in place to receive the refugees with food, clothes and accommodation. This thesis tries to investigate the volunteers' role for maintaining the society's resilience during the refugee crisis event in Malmo 2015. By researching the concept of resilience, volunteers and analyzing interviews with concerned actors, connections between the volunteers' role and the society's resilience could be conducted. The analysis concluded that volunteers played a major role for the society's ability to receive the refugees and help the refugees that did not want to seek asylum in Sweden. The volunteers were flexible with great ability to self-organize and generate resources. Further, the relationship between the authorities and volunteers varied where several conflicts prevented an ideal cooperation. Without the help of the civilians, it can be stated that the situation would have been a lot more severe. Furthermore, the thesis may also provide indicators of further research on how to use voluntary resources in the future in unexpected events. (Less)


The author proposes the Semiotic Frame as a method by which to analyze those peculiar types of 'images' (or concepts, or representations) such as the 'image of the body,' the 'image of a place,' etc. This method consists of giving to a sample of subjects verbal stimuli and then asking them to write within a time limit "all those words of which the item itself reminds them." Semiotic Frame is an evolution of the Free Association method, referred to 'social' images instead of to individual reactions. The author presents as examples the "Holiday," "University," and "Nature" Semiotic Frames.


We have fabricated disordered superconducting nanowires of molybdenium silicide. A molybdenium nanowire is first deposited on top of silicon, and the alloy is formed by rapid thermal annealing. The method allows tuning of the crystal growth to optimize e.g. the resistivity of the alloy for potential applications in quantum phase slip (QPS) devices and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. The wires have effective diameters from 42 to 79 nm, enabling the observation of crossover from conventional superconductivity to regimes affected by thermal and quantum fluctuations. In the smallest diameter wire and at temperatures well below the superconducting critical temperature, we observe residual resistance and negative magnetoresistance, which can be considered as fingerprints of QPSs.


Virtual-real occlusion is a key step in augmented reality systems. The traditional virtual-real occlusion method has some problems, such as low accuracy and poor adaptation to the scene. On this basis, this paper proposes a virtual real occlusion method based on monocular camera. Firstly, AKAZE algorithm was combined with Tanimoto similarity estimation to find the optimal pair of feature points, and the relative depth of feature points on adjacent frames was calculated by using the triangulation method in SFM algorithm. Then, the real depth value was obtained by combining the translation scale. Finally, the depth value of virtual and real objects was compared to realize the virtual and real occlusion of monocular camera. The experimental results show that the virtual-real occlusion based on monocular camera is realized and the occlusion accuracy is high.


Existing business marketing theory often overstates the importance of competitive positioning when undertaking market entry strategy, although most theory acknowledge the need to develop strategies based on an analysis of the market structure. Indeed, as business marketers offering distance learning, universities are quick to embrace competitive positioning based on an analysis of the market structure. The same level of enthusiasm, however, has not been shown on network positioning based on an analysis of the network structure. Understanding and applying network positioning could confer a different but equally important perspective impacting on the market entry strategies of a university. This article attempts to fill these gaps and demonstrate its application in the context of Australian universities planning to enter the Malaysian distance learning education market, with local colleges acting as intermediaries.


The design and implementation of a new algorithm for solving large nonlinear programming problems is described. It follows a barrier approach that employs sequential quadratic programming and trust regions to solve the subproblems occurring in the iteration. Both primal and primal-dual versions of the algorithm are developed, and their performance is illustrated in a set of numerical tests.


Let's get together? Humanitarian aid starts from the principle of humanity: 'the desire to prevent and alleviate human suffering wherever it may be found…'. In recent years, however, the practice of humanitarian aid has become far more diverse than the extension of food for the starving or care for the wounded. A number of humanitarian organizations maintains a strict definition of what constitutes humanitarian aid, namely to save lives in a neutral and impartial way. Other organizations have taken on a broader view and want to address underlying causes of conflict and vulnerability by broadening humanitarian mandates to include disaster preparedness, development and peacebuilding objectives. Goodhand and Leader have labelled these approaches the minimalist and maximalist approaches (2001). In both approaches, a case can be made for channelling humanitarian aid through neutral and impartial local organizations. In a minimalist view, using local channels for relief aid is ( in principle) more efficient and cost-effective because organizations are already established locally, and more effective because it builds on local knowledge. It is recognized that pre-existing local coping mechanisms like family networks and the input of indigenous knowledge are best understood by local people, and best linked by local networks, if these local people, networks and organizations are able to operate. Capacity building can be part of partnership in a minimalist approach, but is functional and geared to enhance the effectiveness of NGOs that may have to deal with a sudden expansion of scale and services during humanitarian emergencies. A maximalist approach puts partnerships more central, because it is based on the desire to enhance the preparedness of societies to deal with disaster. Disasters, be it natural hazards or outbreaks of war and violent conflict, are not humanitarian disasters per se. As Cuny (1983) puts it: 'a disaster should be defined on the basis of its human consequences, not on the phenomenon that caused it'. This means that the capacity of societies to absorb, deal with or mitigate natural hazards or political conflict, is a crucial element in the (wake) of a potential humanitarian catastrophe. Hence, increasingly international NGOs providing emergency assistance adopt the notion that it is more effective to try to help societies deal with circumstances, than to rush in when a humanitarian catastrophe has occurred. This line of reasoning goes beyond the use of available local channels, and argues for investing in building local capacities for relief, preparedness, development and peace. It is a twofold strategy of using societies' own knowledge and potential to provide more effective assistance, and at the same time to increase coping capacity and potentials for future contingencies. We can thus distinguish between two (ideal-typical) approaches to partnership. One approach is functional and views partnership as a means to get a humanitarian job done. The other approach views partnership and capacity building of partners as a value in and of itself,


3765 Background: Tumor-associated DNA has been detected in plasma of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, including DNA with mutations in APC, TP53, K-RAS, BRAF genes and hypermethylation in APC and MLH1 promoter regions. However, a comprehensive study assessing these markers in the plasma of CRC patients at various stages of neoplasia has not been reported.

METHODS
Plasma DNAs isolated from 120 CRC patients were scanned for mutations in APC, TP53, K-RAS, and BRAF, and alteratons of methylation status in APC and MLH1 without regard to the molecular or pathological analyses of the matched primary tumors. We chose mutation and methylation scanning technology and these targets to develop a comprehensive screen for somatic and epigenetic alterations known to be associated with sporadic CRC. Alterations in these targets were identified with a denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) platform that uses post-separation fluorescence technology. This scanning technology enables the detection of variants that represent < 0.1% of the total analyzed DNA.

RESULTS
Using this combined-scanning approach, we were able to identify at least one somatic event in 120/120 (100%) CRC patients. In no case was a mutation found in the primary tumor that was not also present in the plasma. Thus, the six markers together detected 100% of patients with CRC at various stages, all of which had at least one alteration. Stastistical analysis of these alterations shows a significant correlation with the type of alterations, Dukes' staging, and prognosis.

CONCLUSIONS
The results emphasis the heterogenous pattern of tumor mutations and methylation status and that scanning provides an attractive approach to comprehensive CRC genetic and epigenetic screening. The thoroughness of approach may have important implications for CRC screening and staging, and disease monitoring during and following therapy. [Table: see text].


Major bleeding complications after flexible bronchoscopy and transbronchial biopsy are uncommon in the absence of predisposing factors like significant thrombocytopenia, uremia and coagulopathy. We report a 75-year-old man who developed significant bleeding after transbronchial biopsy while being treated with methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine for rheumatoid arthritis. A 75-year-old man was admitted for flexible bronchoscopy and transbronchial biopsy of left lower lung mass, which was found on a chest radiograph and computed tomography scan done for workup of chronic cough for 3 months. His past medical history included rheumatoid arthritis for which he was on treatment with methotrexate 7.5 mg orally once weekly and hydroxychloroquine 200 mg orally twice daily. He had 20 pack-years history of cigarette smoking and his occupational history was non-contributory. Admission laboratory tests showed normal hemogram, except mildly reduced platelet count (129 10/mm), normal blood chemistry and coagulation profile. The patient underwent flexible bronchoscopy and transbronchial biopsy of left lower lung lobe segments. He had hemoptysis in the postoperative recovery room around 30 minutes after the procedure. Repeat flexible bronchoscopy showed bleeding from the left lower lung lobe segments from which transbronchial biopsy was done earlier. The bleeding persisted after instillation of ice-cold saline mixed with epinephrine (1 : 20 000) in the involved lung segments. The patient underwent surgical resection of left lower lung lobe for management of refractory bleeding. Histopathology of the biopsy specimen showed bronchoalveolar carcinoma without lymph node involvement. He was discharged home in stable condition 4 days after the surgery and is currently receiving chemotherapy. Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial agent, which is also widely used in rheumatology practice. Thrombocytopenia is a significant but rare sideeffect of hydroxychloroquine treatment. In the absence of thrombocytopenia, hydroxychloroquine has been shown to predispose to bleeding by reducing platelet adhesion and aggregation [1]. It has been shown to reduce the incidence of venous thromboembolism after lower extremity fractures or orthopedic surgery in a placebo-controlled study [2]. Methotrexate may cause thrombocytopenia by bone marrow suppression; however, bleeding symptoms complicating methotrexate therapy in the absence of thrombocytopenia have been reported. A case-report described significant oral mucosal bleeding in a patient on methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine therapy in the absence of thrombocytopenia or coagulopathy [3]. Intracerebral hematoma due to intrathecal administration of methotrexate has been reported with normal platelet counts and coagulation parameters [4]. A study showed a dosedependent inhibition of platelet aggregation post incubation with methotrexate in in vitro tests. Platelet factor availability was decreased as well; however, platelet aggregation was normal [5]. In our opinion, qualitative platelet dysfunction caused by hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate is the most likely predisposing factor causing significant bleeding in our patient in the absence of significant thrombocytopenia or coagulopathy. We are not aware of a similar case with significant bleeding


As a new smokeless industry,cartoon receives particular attraction recently.It is regarded as a new economic development point in western region.Through a research on the situation of Guiyang cartoon industry we find some problems and put reasonable suggestions.


Environmental contaminants such as cadmium (Cd) may have a deleterious impact on sperm and reduce male fertility by compromising the blood‐testis barrier (BTB). Hence, the effects of the traditional Chinese medicine Qiangjing tablet (QJP) on sperm quality and BTB alterations induced by Cd in mouse testes were examined.


This article maintains the the Rail Reorganization Act is getting us no closer to the problems of our transportation system as a whole. It further maintains the act does nothing to restructure and permanently improve the cash flow of the new NE railroad, nor does act necessarily open the door for solutions to the fundamental problems of economics, marketing, and operations. The fault lies with the crisis approach we take in coping with the fundamental problem of transportation in this country: How should we divide up the national transportation dollar between modes of transportation?


Two laboratory furnaces are described in which specimens weighing 1 to 5 g. can be heated in vacuo or in an argon atmosphsre at temperatures up to 2700 C, and then quenched into a copper mold or into silicone oil. These have been used to measure the melting points of rhodium, chromium, iridium, and molybdenum and also to determine the equilibrium diagrams of molybdenum-rich alloys in the systems Mo-Rh and Mo- Pd, the liquidus curves for which were determined by the quenching method. In the system Mo-Rh the freezing point of molybdenum is lowered by the addition of rhodium, and the liquidus sinks to a eutectic point at 40 at.% rhodium and 1940 C. At this temperature, the solid phases in squilibrium with the liquid are a primary solid solution of rhodium in molybdenum, containing 20 at.% rhodium, and an intermediate phase with a close-packed hexagonal structure. The solubility of rhodium in molybdenum diminishes rapidly with falling temperaturs. In the system Mo-Pd, the maximum solubility of palladium in solid molybdenum is only about 6 at.% at 1740 C, at which temperature a closepacked hexagonal phase is formed by a peritectic reaction; this phase deeomposes below 1400 C. (auth)


Two methods were compared to extract chlorogenic acid from the stems and leaves of Lonicera japonica,alcohol reflux extraction and ultrasound-assisted maceration extraction.The content of chlorogenic acid was used as index,which was measured by high performance liquid chromatography.Single factor and orthogonal design experiments were adopted to select optimal extraction conditions in alcohol reflux extraction.The results showed that under the same concentrations of ethanol,reflux extraction was better than ultrasound-assisted maceration extraction.Optimal reflux extraction conditions were as follows: solvent: 70% ethanol,ratio of material to solvent(W∶V): 1∶14,reflux time: 2 h,extraction temperature: 60℃,and pH 6.Under these conditions,the extraction ratio of chlorogenic acid was up to 1.37%.


The aim was examine the relationship between perceived parenting methods and the ability of critical thoughtful to independent-context and context-dependent cognitive learning style. Method: The present study was correlation type in which 350 female students of Tonkabon's Azad University had been selected by stratified random sampling. Data was collected using a Perceived Parenting Style Questionnaire, the California 's Critical Thinking Skills Test - B Form and the Watkins' Group Embedded Figures Test. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient, canonical correlation and multivariable regression statistical tests to step by step method. Findings: Independent and dependent-context variables had the most important contribution to the creation of the first and second canonical correlation, respectively. Also, deductive reasoning, analysis and inference variables could be predict about 27.9 percentages of the Independent-context cognitive learning variances and 20.8 percentages of the dependent-context cognitive learning variances. Conclusion: There is a relationship between perceived parenting methods and the ability of critical thoughtful to independent-context and context-dependent cognitive learning styles. Keywords: Perceived parenting, Critical thoughtful, Cognitive learning styles


Background Some studies have demonstrated that chemotherapy drugs enhance sensitivity to anesthetics owing to its systemic toxicity, while others have demonstrated that chemotherapy drugs have no effect. This study aimed to determine whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy influences the effect-site concentration (Ce) of propofol for sedation in patients with breast cancer. Methods This study included patients aged 19–75 years who were scheduled to undergo breast cancer surgery under general anesthesia. Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were assigned to group C, whereas those who never received chemotherapy were assigned to group N. Propofol was administered through an effect-site target-controlled infusion, and the Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation scale (MOAA/S) score and Bispectral Index (BIS) were recorded. When the plasma concentration and Ce were equal to the target Ce, and if the MOAA/S score did not change, the target Ce was increased by 0.2 μg/ml; otherwise, the Ce was maintained for 2 min and then increased. This process was repeated until the MOAA/S score became 0. Results No significant differences were observed in Ce values at each sedation level between both groups. Ce values for loss of consciousness (LOC) of groups C and N were 2.76 ± 0.29 and 2.67 ± 0.27 μg/ml (P = 0.285), respectively. However, the BIS value at LOC of group C (63.87 ± 7.04) was lower than that (68.44 ± 6.01) of group N (P = 0.018). Conclusions Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer has no effect on the Ce of propofol for sedation.


Illustrated with treatment measures in cracked and seeping brick parapet,this paper analyzes the cause of cracking and puts forward treatment and prevention measures.


FIELD: technological processes. SUBSTANCE: invention is related to machine for treatment of vessels for drinks, such as bottles, etc, which contains carrousel that rotates around vertical axis with treatment points located at the distance from each other for reception of vessels for drinks, at that treatment points are installed in chamber that is charged with special atmosphere and mostly closed, which consists of rotating and fixed parts. Chamber covers only part of vessels for drinks, at least, with their necks. Invention provides reduction of chamber volume. EFFECT: reduction of chamber volume. 16 cl, 6 dwg


In this paper, we present results of the synthesis of gold nanoclusters in sapphire, using Ar ion implantation and annealing in air. Unlike the conventional method of Au implantation followed by thermal annealing, Au was deposited on the surface of m- and a- cut sapphire single crystal samples including those pre-implanted with Ar ions. Au atoms were brought into the substrate by subsequent implantation of Ar ions to form Au nanoparticles. Samples were finally annealed stepwisely in air at temperatures ranging from 400 to 800 C and then studied using UV–vis absorption spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy and Rutherford backscattered spectrometry. Evidence of the formation Au nanoparticles...


PURPOSE
We studied the safety, tolerability, and recommended dose of BMS-599626, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family of receptor tyrosine kinases.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Patients with advanced solid tumors that expressed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and/or HER-2 were recruited and enrolled in a phase I, open-label, dose escalation trial of oral BMS-599626 starting at 100 mg/day given once daily for at least 28 days.

RESULTS
Forty-five patients received BMS-599626 (100-660 mg/day). Dose-limiting toxic effects were reported at 660 mg/day (grade 3 elevation of hepatic transaminases [two patients] and QTc interval prolongation [one patient]), therefore the recommended maximum tolerated dose was 600 mg/day. The most frequent drug-related toxic effects were diarrhea (30% of patients), anorexia (13%), asthenia (30%), and cutaneous toxic effects, including skin rash (30%). Pharmacokinetic analysis demonstrated C(max) and exposure to BMS-599626 in patients increased with dose. Eleven patients had stable disease and received BMS-599626 for ≥ 4 months. Serial skin and tumor biopsies taken before and after treatment revealed expected changes in pharmacodynamic biomarkers, indicating that the EGFR and HER-2 pathways were affected. Positron emission tomography imaging showed a metabolic response in 2 of 10 patients evaluated.

CONCLUSION
BMS-599626 was generally well tolerated, with disease stabilization across a range of tumor types and doses.


The purpose of R&D management is to promote innovation as
well as wealth creation. The paper traces the history of R&D managementhow it has changed from the first generation when only innovation was the main objective to the fifth generation where IT plays an important role. It is now necessary to understand the needs of market for conducting worthwhile research. The author shares his experience of R&D management at Tata Steel. The experience shows that by adopting judicious R&D strategy it is possible to face the challenges of reconciling innovation with wealth
creation is possible by a judicious R&D strategy.


The planetary-gear transmission mode has the characteristics of high efficiency, smoothness and shock resistance.So this mode of reducer is often seen in the wheel system of mine trucks.The two-stage planetary reducer introduced in this paper is compact in configura- tion and high in transmission ratio,so that it is often used for composing a mine truck with electric-driven wheels to fit well with the designing considerations.


Distribution and ecology of methanogenic bacteria were studied in sediment samples of Pitchavaram mangrove (11°27'N; 79°47'E. Tamilnadu coast) during September 1986-February 1987. For estimation of anaerobic heterotrophs, sulphate reducing and methanogenic bacteria in sediment, core samples were taken up to a depth of 105 cm at 4 different sites. Most probable number (MPN) of methanogenic bacteria was maximum, at a depth of90 cm, in sites 2 and 4 during postmonsoon season. While ecological parameters like hydrogen-ion-concentration, Eh, texture and organic carbon content of the sediment seem to playa positive role on the distribution of methanogens, the presence. of sulphate reducing bacteria acts as a limiting factor.


Tree transducers are finite-state devices computing relations on trees. Their study was initiated by Thatcher (1970) and Rounds (1970), who established the classical top-down tree transducers that process the input tree from the root towards the leaves. Shortly afterwards, Baker (1973) introduced the bottom-up tree transducers that process the input tree from the leaves towards the root in analogy to the top-down and bottom-up tree automata (Thatcher, 1973). Due to applications in syntax-directed semantics (Fulop and Vogler, 1998), tree transducers were extensively studied in the following years as detailed in (Gecseg and Steinby, 1984) and (Gecseg and Steinby, 1997). Notable extensions to the original top-down tree transducers include the top-down tree transducers with regular look-ahead by Engelfriet (1977), the attributed tree transducers of Fulop (1981), and the macro tree transducers by Courcelle and Franchi-Zannettacci (1982) and Engelfriet and Vogler (1985). In statistical machine translation (Koehn, 2009), syntax-based models (Chiang, 2010) [i.e., models that translate from or to syntax trees] have recently seen a lot of progress. It was identified already by Eisner (2003) that the classical linear top-down and bottom-up tree transducers cannot properly handle phenomena (such as rotation) that occur during the translation between natural languages. This result was presented for synchronous contextfree grammars [SCFG] (Chiang, 2006), which is a formalism similar in spirit to (and essentially equally expressive as) the syntax-directed translation schemata by Aho and Ullman (1969), which were later refined to the more general bimorphism approach by Arnold and Dauchet (1982). Instead Eisner (2003) proposes synchronous tree


AbstractAt low pH, interaction between zinc(II) ions and humic acids yields sparingly soluble surface complexes; in alkaline conditions there are soluble complexes which differ in stability, stoichiometry and lability. The distribution of zinc between 'fixed', 'non-labile' and 'labile' complex forms at different pH values has been evaluated by equilibrating Zn-loaded humic acid (20 to 300 nmol μmol−1) with ion exchange resins of different types (and counter ion forms). Analysis of the supernatant aqueous phase determined the non-labile soluble zinc content (at the equilibrium pH); the 'labile' fraction value was found by back-extracting the washed resins into 0.05 M EDTA (pH 7). When the system pH was <6, about 5% was released as a soluble non-labile complex and the majority of the Zn remained firmly fixed to the solid phase. Above pH 6, the substrate dissolved and the percentage present as non-labile species increased from 5 to 70% as the pH changed from 5 to 8.5. Around pH 7, the labile content peaked a...


terests, material and cultural, are a hundred times greater than they are in the Far East) and yet we blissfully accept entanglements in the Far East which turn one's hair white." However, in 1937, "the American people are swinging back to the path of normal destiny in the Western Hemisphere." Though gifted often with a short range prescience, this high minded diplomat and his colleagues failed to anticipate the approaching cataclysm which would have the United States "entangled" in four continents and the United Nations.


Professor Plantinga is known for distinguished work in the fields of epistemology and philosophy of religion. In this companion volume to Warrant: The Current Debate, Plantinga develops an original approach to the question of what justifies belief and makes it knowledge. He argues that what is crucial to turning true belief into knowledge is the "proper functioning" of one's cognitive faculties, and this clears the way for the proposal that a belief is warranted whenever it is the product of properly functioning cognitive processes. Although this is in some sense a sequel to the companion volume, the arguments in no way presuppose those of the first book and it can therefore stand alone.


There is growing interest in using the complex logarithmic mapping for depth determination in motion stereo applications. This has lead to a need for a comprehensive error analysis. Rather than just giving an analytic description of the errors inherent in the approach an attempt will be made to characterize the errors that occur when using the mapping with real images. Techniques to reduce the impact of these errors will also be discussed. 1.


This study presents a unidirectional bowtie array antenna with incision gap for a digital video broadcasting-T2 base station application. The antenna element consists of a bowtie radiator with incision gap on top of a square reflector. The element achieves a bandwidth of 82.35% for |S 11| of <−10 dB, covering a frequency range of 450–1080 MHz. The antenna array comprises of four identical antenna elements mounted vertically to form an antenna array. The simulated and measured results of the antenna array show a good impedance matching for |S 11| of <−10 dB along a frequency range of 450–1014 MHz (77.05%). The measured gains are 13.4–16.1 dBi along an operating frequency of 470–862 MHz with the narrow half-power beamwidth in the vertical plane of ∼15° ± 5° and the half-power beamwidth in the horizontal plane of ∼60° ± 5° for a frequency range of 470–666 MHz and 90.5° for 862 MHz. The radiation pattern is degraded at the frequency higher than 950 MHz.


Building Performance Simulation (BPS) tools and data driven models can be applied to Model Predictive Control (MPC). For the development of the simulation model by BPS tools (e.g. EnergyPlus), a modeler's subjective assumptions and unknown inputs are involved. In addition, a model calibration is essential to reduce the gap between model prediction and the measurement. In contrast, the data-driven model is simply based the correlation between inputs and outputs, and it requires far less information, time and effort. The authors developed two simulation models for a hotel room. One is an EnergyPlus simulation model and the other is an Artificial Neural Network(ANN) model. Then, using two simulation models, the authors developed two control algorithms: (1) Model-predictive control, (2) rule-based controls. In the paper, the performance of the aforementioned two controls are addressed.


Among Series-Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle (SPHEV) powertrains, the Power-Split architecture with a planetary gear has an exemplary energetic efficiency in mixed driving conditions. Nevertheless, a simple SPHEV architecture can be realized without a planetary gear. It consists of 2 Electric Machines (EM) mounted on the engine shaft and separated by a clutch. With no power-split operation, this architecture allows the vehicle to operate in pure electric, or series hybrid, or parallel hybrid mode. It was proven to be less efficient than a reference Power-Split SPHEV: the Toyota Hybrid System (THS). The aim of this paper is to investigate the potential of efficiency improvement of the simple SPHEV powertrain by topology modification: the addition of gears for the components or a gearbox with few number of ratios. Two new variants of SPHEVs are proposed. The versions of SPHEVs and the reference THS are optimized by a bi-level optimization technique using Genetic Algorithm and Dynamic Programming. Compared to the simple SPHEV, results show an efficiency worsening in one variant and an efficiency improvement in another variant with a fuel consumption comparable to the one of THS. A global sensitivity study is then performed on the worsened variant. The sensitivities of the added gears are determined and an elimination of some is suggested. A new variant with fewer gears is therefore proposed and optimized. The efficiency is improved but remains less than the one of THS.


This work presents the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of one of the most important archaeological sites in Galicia: "Aquis Querquennis" (Bande, Spain) using in-situ non-invasive ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and Terrestrial Light Detection and Ranging (T-LiDAR) techniques, complemented with infrared thermography. T-LiDAR is used for the recording of the 3D surface of this particular case and provides high resolution 3D digital models. GPR data processing is performed through the novel software tool "toGPRi", developed by the authors, which allows the creation of a 3D model of the sub-surface and the subsequent XY images or time-slices at different depths. All these products are georeferenced, in such a way that the GPR orthoimages can be combined with the orthoimages from the T-LiDAR for a complete interpretation of the site. In this way, the GPR technique allows for the detection of the structures of the barracks that are buried, and their distribution is completed with the structure measured by the T-LiDAR on the surface. In addition, the detection of buried elements made possible the identification and labelling of the structures of the surface and their uses. These structures are additionally inspected with infrared thermography (IRT) to determine their conservation condition and distinguish between original and subsequent constructions.


Dialect TV programs carry folk customs,cultural traditions and psychological accumulations,thus they are very infectious and popular with the audience of dialectal region.With its intimacy in content,flexible and pragmatic organization and broadcasting,and civilianization in hosting style,the dialect program will become the trend for TV media industry inevitably.


The trinomial coefficients are defined centrally by ZJI -m (M) 2Xi = (1+ x + x I)m . Euler observed that for -i Fm (Fm + 1), where Fm is the mth Fibonacci number. The assertion is false for m > 7 . We prove general identities-one of which reduces to Euler's as- sertion for m observation. Among other things we are led to finite versions of dissections of the Rogers-Ramanujan identities into even and odd parts. DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS, THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITY PARK, PENNSYLVANIA 16802 This content downloaded from 184.108.40.206 on Wed, 12 Oct 2016 04:56:08 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


The aspects of determining the vibration state of equipment for surface treatment of freshly laid concrete mixtures are considered. The main promising directions of development of concrete-finishing machines are determined.


This article consists of two parts. The first one contains a brief review of global and local dependence measures, including the local Gaussian correlation. For this, the local correlation at a point x is obtained by approximating the given bivariate density f at x by a bivariate Gaussian and then taking the correlation of that bivariate Gaussian as the definition of local Gaussian correlation. The second part consists in a bias study of the local Gaussian correlation. A small simulation experiment is performed. In the Appendix, the possibility of a neighbourhood‐free definition of local Gaussian correlation is explored.


According to Johansen (Venereology and Dermatology, 1924, No. 2), one of the main reasons for the protracted course of gonorrhoid urethritis in women is inflammation of the so-called paraurethral ducts blind tubules located near the urethra and lined with stratified squamous or polymorphic epithelium.


Objective To observe the effect of treating refractory unstable angina by intravenous dihiazem application.Methods Intravenous application of diltiazem with micro-pump,the dose of dihiazem was 1-5μg/(kg·min).The medicating time was five days.Results The total efficiency was 94.74%,significantly better than nitric acid lipid drugs.Conclusions Intravenous application of dihiazem can effectively treat the refractory unstable angina,no advers reactions.

Key words:
Dihiazem; Refractory unstable angina