Dehiscence of pods at an early stage of development is a characteristic of oilseed rape podsdamaged by Dasineura brassicae (pod midge). Anatomical examination of pods exhibitingsymptoms of infestation revealed a loss of cohesion between intact cells of the dehiscence zone, a narrowtissue of thin-walled cells present between the valve margins. Determination of hydrolytic enzyme activity in pericarptissues of damaged siliquae showed localized enhancement of both polygalacturonase (EC 184.108.40.206) and cellulase(beta 1,4 glucanase, EC 22.214.171.124) activity, positionally consistent with these factors being responsible forthe observed cell wall degradation. Mechanistic similarities of midge-induced and maturation-associated poddehiscence are discussed.


The complexes [ReZCl,(PMe,Ph),](PF6),, where n = 0, 1 or 2, which possess Re-Re multiple bonds of orders 3, 3.5 and 4, respectively, react with carbon monoxide in 2-methoxyethanol to afford the reductive cleavage product ReCl(CO)JPMezPh), in high yield. In other solvents (ethanol and toluene), these reactions are complicated by competing side reactions which can result in redox chemistry at the dirhenium units without the incorporation of CO into the products. The reactions in ethanol and toluene lead to the formation of RezC1,(PMe,Ph)J, Re,Cl,(PMeZPh)Z, trans-ReC14(PMezPh)z, ReC1(C0)z(PMe2Ph)a and/or ReC13(CO)(PMe,Ph),, in addition to ReCl(CO),(PMe,Ph),, depending upon the reaction conditions. The electrochemical properties of the carbonyl containing products ReC1(CO)z(PMezPh)S, ReCl(CO),(PMe2Ph)2 and ReC13(CO)(PMe,Ph),, as well as those of the previously described rhenium(H) dicarbonyl complex ReClz(C0)2(P-n-Pr,),, have been studied using the cyclic voltammetry technique. As a logical development of this work, we have investigated the reactions of the series of complexes ReZCl,,(PMe2Ph)4, [RezC14(PMe2Ph)4]PF6 and [ReZC14(PMe2Ph)a](PF6)2 with carbon monoxide. These molecules, which we have recently isolated and structurally characterized [3], possess bond orders of 3, 3.5, and 4, the oxidations being achieved by sequential loss of electrons from the 6* molecular orbital of RezC14(PMezPh),. The purpose of our investigation was two-fold. First, we were interested in comparing the results with those reported in the earlier study in which the ReZC14(PR3)4 starting materials contained the trialkyl phosphines PEt, or P-n-Pra [3], as well as noting any reactivity differences which might exist between members of the series in which the Re-Re bond order varies from 3 to 3.5 to 4. Secondly, we were interested in exploring by electrochemistry the redox chemistry of the carbonyl products so obtained, with the objective of assessing what effect replacing a phosphine ligand with a carbon monoxide ligand would have on the properties of the metal center.


Ms. McMurrer describes the efforts of the AALL Academic Law Libraries
Special Interest Section to address relations with CALR vendors, focusing on
the development of its �Qualities of an Ideal CALR Vendor-Library
Relationship� document which is appended to the article.


This experiment was set up to understand the mechanisms causing yield limitations on crops subjected to water deficiency. The units were set out as a randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement with 4 repetitions at Azad Islamic University Research Center-Varamin-Pishva during the growing seasons of 2008 and 2009. The main factors tested drought stress at four stages (50, 100, 150 and 200 mm evaporation from the evaporation pan) and the sub factors were applications of nitrogen fertilizer at 3 levels (80,130,180 kg/ha). The experiment demonstrated that with increasing severity of drought stress, grain yield decreased sharply but increased with nitrogen fertilizer, the time taken for pollination, grain weight and total number of grains/ear were also affected. Results for plant height and diameter of first internode and total number of leaves above the ear (201.8 cm) were most affected by nitrogen fertilizer application of 180 kg/ha and 50 mm evaporation. Proline also increased significantly under drought stress conditions showing that osmotic adjustment mechanism had been activated. The highest level of leaf proline (180.2 µmol/g NT) was achieved with 200 mm evaporation and 80 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer. Grain protein content was undesirably affected under extreme drought stress and fertilizer treatment.


The occurrence of pollutants, considered as endocrine disruptors in wastewater en freshwater has received more and more interest over the last decades and is now well documented. However, the occurrence of these compounds in the estuarine environment remains quite limited. This study was made in cooperation with the EndisRisks project. The project aims to assess the distribution and possible effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the Scheldt Estuary (B-Nl). A 2-year survey of the occurrence of natural and synthetic estrogens and organonitrogen pesticides is presented. For this, samples were taken 3 times a year using the research vessel Belgica (MUMM) from December 2002 through to December 2004 at 7 sampling locations. Chemical analysis was performed using Accelerated Solvent and Solid Phase Extraction techniques. Detection was performed with ion trap gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Detected concentrations were in the ppt range. Estrogens were detected in water, suspended matter en biota. Temporal patterns of the target estrogens are irregular for this group. Estrone was detected most frequently and most in the upstream side of the estuary. For the organonitrogen pesticides seasonal, temporal and spatial patterns could be determined. They were detected in water and suspended matter.


Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is used in quick prototyping and industrial manufacturing in many emerging industries. However, the process is imperfect, and printing failures often occur, thus leading to wasted time and resources. To address these issues of FDM-type 3D printers, developing a smart monitoring device designed to predict abnormal activities during the printing process accurately is proposed. In the proposed method, a set of collaborative sensors accumulates time-series data for forecasting. The proposed method uses Multi-Head Encoder-Decoder Temporal Convolutional Network (MH-ED-TCN) to extract data features and interpret the relationship between sensor readings occurring during the printing process to identify factors contributing to printing errors. Compared with other known models such as LSTM, SVM, and CNN, the proposed MH-ED-TCN model performs better in error detection. The experimental tests done yields an accuracy rate of 97.2% in the ability of the system to predict future 3D printing errors.


Iron refractory iron deficiency anemia (IRIDA) is a rare hereditary disease caused by mutations in TMPRSS6 gene encoding Matriptase‐2, a negative regulator of hepcidin transcription. Up to now, 53 IRIDA patients from 35 families with different ethnic origins have been reported and 41 TMPRSS6 mutations have been identified. TMPRSS6 polymorphisms are more frequent than mutations, and have been associated with variation in iron and hematologic parameters. Our study evaluated their presence in 113 subjects with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) partially responsive to oral iron therapy and in 50 healthy blood donors. Thalassemic trait was diagnosed in 38 patients. Sequencing analysis of TMPRSS6 gene revealed that the frequency of several polymorphisms was markedly different between IDA subjects and controls. In particular, the V736A TMPRSS6 polymorphism was associated to moderately lower hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin levels, and in thalassemia carriers with marked anemia and microcytosis. A new variant—H448R– and two uncommon polymorphisms —A719T and V795I— were also identified. These results indicate that TMPRSS6 polymorphisms are more frequent in subjects with persistent IDA than in healthy controls, and in thalassemia carriers V736A variant may account for lower hemoglobin and MCV levels. Further studies in larger court of patients are necessary to identify potential haplotypes and polymorphisms responsible for low response to oral iron treatment and may be useful for planning a correct iron supplementation. Am. J. Hematol. 90:306–309, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


This paper deals with the development of an original apparatus called TRIBOLUMEN designed specifically for friction experiments on transparent materials. The friction measurement is synchronized with an acoustic emission (AE) sensor and the device is also equipped with a high-speed camera offering a direct view at the interface to gain a deeper understanding of tribological mechanisms. The TRIBOLUMEN device is in ball-on-flat contact configuration with a range of strokes from 5 to 500 µm and an oscillation frequency from 5 to 600 Hz. The experiments showed that this device has an adequate rigidity and can detect subtle friction modifications of the oscillating contacts. The observation of a steel-on-glass contact in real-time highlighted the initiation of Hertzian cracks followed by the formation of debris in the contact. Using the synchronous measurement, these mechanisms were clearly associated with different stages in the friction measurement and in the AE signals, which permitted to identify the AE signature of Hertzian cracks.


The subsystems such as adsorbent bed, condenser, evaporator of plate solar ice-maker have been analyzedand designed. Experimental results show that not only each subsystem has good properties of heat and mass transfer, but also can match Well in running Process. The successful design will speed the commercial application of solar ice-maker


The ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from the Sun plays an important role in the biosphere ruling some natural events that can be beneficial or harmful to humans. Despite that, UVR measurements are not as common in Brazil as meteorological and geophysical parameters measured by ground weather stations and satellites. In this work the relationship between UVR erythemal dose measurements in Belo Horizonte (19.92° S, 43.94° W, 858 m asl, Brazil) and both the air temperature from a local weather station and the column ozone and reflectivity from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument on board the Aura satellite is assessed.


Abstract. Genotype × environment interactions (G × E) induce differential response of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) genotypes to variable environmental conditions with respect to seed composition, and this may hinder breeding progress. The objectives of this study were to estimate the contribution of genotype, environment and G × E to seed chemical composition variability, and to identify the most stable non-transgenic genotypes for several chemical components. Seeds from six non-transgenic soybean genotypes that were grown in 23 environments in Argentina (24–38°S) were analysed. Although environment was the most important source affecting variation for most of the analysed chemical components, genotype and G × E also had a significant effect (P < 0.001). Stable genotypes with superior performance across a wide range of environments were ALIM3.20 for protein, linolenic acid (Len), Len : linoleic acid (LA) ratio (Len/LA), δ-tocopherol (δT) and total isoflavones (TI); ALIM4.13 for protein, oleic acid, α-tocopherol (αT) and δT; ALIM3.14 for Len, αT and TI; Ac0124-1 for Len and Len/LA; and Ac0730-3 for αT. Non-transgenic genotypes with stable chemical profile across environments would perform well under a wide range of environmental conditions for any chemical compound. This study contributes knowledge for breeders to use these genotypes to broaden the genetic backgrounds of currently available commercial cultivars, or to design production strategies that employ the genotypes directly as raw material.


Abstract: 9-Methyl-3,5-dioxo-4-azatricyclo[220.127.116.11 2,6 ]undec-8-ene-1,8-diyl diacetate was synthesized from 2-methylcyclohexane-1,3-dione and 1 H -pyrrole-2,5-dione. The title compound was characterized by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, elemental analysis and MS. Keywords: cyclic imide; 4-azatricyclo[220.127.116.11 2,6 ]undecene 1. Introduction Cyclic imides are extensively used as analgesic [1] and antinociceptive agents [2], or as reactants for polymer synthesis [3]. An imide nucleus can be also found in a structure of anxiolytic [4], antimicrobial [5], anticancer and anti-inflammatory substances [6,7]. They are also the objects of quantum chemical studies [8]. Several techniques to produce cyclic imides were described. Thus, unsubstituted cyclic anhydrides are successfully subjected to the reaction with ammonia, urea, formamide, lithium nitride or ammonium carbonate under mild conditions [9–11]. Substituted polycyclic imide rings are usually prepared in the Diels-Alder reaction [12,13]. Currently, catalyzed syntheses conducted under microwave irradiation have been described [14]. This work describes a conventional method for the synthesis of the substituted 4-azatricyclo-[126.96.36.199


In this study the value of the sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) total column was assessed, to some of the major metropolitan areas of southern South America (Porto Alegre, Montevideo, Buenos Aires), using data from the sensor OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) for the period 2005-2012. Their annual and monthly variations were investigated using the 99% percentile (P99) for the maximum daily values of the SO 2 total column in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Among the regions analyzed, Montevideo had the highest value of P99 reaching 4,90 DU, being the region more contaminated by SO 2 of southern South America. The histograms indicate that the highest frequencies for the three regions analyzed are given in the first four classes of intervals. It was observed increasing values of trend line in the dispersion of the data for the three regions for the same period analyzed.


INTRODUCTION
Measuring under naturally occurring circumstances increases ecological validity. We developed an ambulatory psychophysiological laboratory that allows experiments to be performed at home.

AIMS
To compare institutional laboratory task measures with ambulatory laboratory task measures.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Vaginal pulse amplitude (VPA), clitoral blood volume (CBV), subjective report of sexual arousal, preconscious attentional bias for erotic stimuli, subjective reports about feeling at ease, tense, anxious or inhibited.

METHODS
VPA and CBV were measured in eight women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) and eight healthy controls while exposed to neutral and erotic film clips both in the institute's laboratory and at home. Before and after film clip presentations, subjects performed an emotional Stroop task and completed two questionnaires.

RESULTS
In healthy controls, genital measures of sexual arousal were significantly increased at home compared with the institutional laboratory, whereas no differences were observed between the institutional laboratory and the at home measurements in women with HSDD. The responses at home were significantly higher in healthy controls compared with women with HSDD. Subjective experience of genital responding increased at home for both groups of women. Concordance between subjective experience and genital sexual arousal was more pronounced in the institutional laboratory setting. Preconscious attentional bias was stronger in the institutional laboratory for both groups of women. Healthy controls felt more at ease and less inhibited at home while subjects with HSDD did not.

CONCLUSIONS
The use of an ambulatory laboratory is a valuable tool allowing psychophysiological (sex) research under more natural circumstances (e.g., a participant's home). In this study, the increase in ecological validity resulted in a qualitative differentiation between the healthy controls and the women with HSDD in the home setting, which is not apparent in the artificial setting of the institutional laboratory.


A straight pipe was expanded at one end by inserting a rigid disk. The residual stress measured at the inner surface shows a strong tensile peak beyond the region where the pipe was directly expanded by the insertion of the disk. The reason the residual stress reaches its peak at a location further into the pipe is discussed based on a FE analysis. The residual stress was found to reach its tensile peak at the plastic region front that was developed during the pipe expansion. A simple formula for identifying the tensile peak location is also proposed.


Based on the measured streamflow data at Ganguyi hydrological station and the precipitation data of five meteorological stations in Yanhe river basin,annual,seasonal precipitation and streamflow were analyzed for the period of 1952-2008,and the Moving average method,Mann-Kendall test and Sen slope method were employed to detect the long-term change of precipitation and streamflow during the study period.The results showed that the precipitation and streamflow in flood season account for 72% and 64% of average annual precipitation and streamflow,respectively.The change of streamflow had the same trend as precipitation from 1950s to 1990s;precipitation increased first and then decreased later in the beginning of 21th century,however,the streamflow showed a decreasing trend at the same period.The annual precipitation had a weak decreasing trend during 1952-2008,but a significant increasing trend could be found in winter season at the rate of 0.18 mm/a.The streamflow of Ganguyi hydrological station decreased significantly in flood season at the rate of 99.25×104 m3/a.In four seasons,a declining trend for streamflow was identified in spring,but the change was not significant;the downward trends were significant in summer and autumn at the rate of 83.83×104 m3/a and 26.16×104 m3/a,respectively;while the significant increasing trend was detected in winter with the magnitude of 15.62×104 m3/a.Although correlation analyses reveal a close relationship between precipitation trends and streamflow trends,the contribution of human activity to the change of streamflow cannot be neglected.


The invention relates to a security seal having a first layer (1) on which first section elements (5, 6) can be applied, which together represent a first information. On the first layer (1) a second layer (3) is arranged, which second transparent section elements (9) and third section elements (8) having the light-reflecting, absorbing, refracting, diffusing, and / or diffractive properties. The second and third section elements are arranged to one another such that they gather individualized for the security seal information. The first, second and third section elements (5, 6, 8, 9) of the first and second layers (1, 3) are arranged further to each other such that third information at a certain viewing angle range of the security seal is visible. The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of the security seal.


Introduction: Sinonasal cancer is very rare and accounts for under 1% of all malignancies of which sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma (SNACC) is about 5%. The maxillary sinus is the most common site of SNACC. Misleading symptomatology which overlaps with rhinosinusitis contributes to the delay of diagnosis. Recently, the endoscopic approach is commonly applied with equal or better results to the open approach. Radiofrequency coblation might be used to reduce blood loss. Material and Methods: We present a case of an adenoid cystic carcinoma arising from the left inferior turbinate. The patient received endoscopic surgical treatment with the application of radiofrequency coblation in Clarós Clinic at the beginning of 2019 and remains followed up with no sign of recurrence. Afterward, we review the literature on the subject. conclusion: SnACC is a rare malignancy, characterized by slow growth and perineural infiltration with spreading towards the skull base, cavernous sinus, and orbit. The regional nodal involvement is rare. Frequent and delayed distant metastases in lung, bone, liver, and brain are also typical. Prognosis is poor with the 5-year overall survival between 41% and 86%. Surgery with or without complementary radiotherapy provides the best outcomes for the majority of patients. The significance of prognostic factors remains unclear. Lifelong surveillance is obligatory as very late recurrences are common.


Among the oxides that were applied to the negative materials, the specific capacity of the amorphous tinbased composite oxide was higher than 600?mAh/g, and Li4/3Ti5/3O4 had an excellent cyclic performance. It was prospective that the two negative materials could be put into commercial application in some given fields. Several negative materials of oxide for Liion battery, including tin oxide, amorphous tinbased composite oxide, Li4/3Ti5/3O4, were discussed on their charge/discharge reaction mechanisms and performance.


The hypothesis that stream-resident females of brown trout Salmo trutta occurring in sympatry with sea-migrant females in a small stream were immigrants from an up-stream allopatric landlocked population was rejected. Genetic differentiation was not detected between the sympatric forms whereas they both diverged significantly from the land-locked population, suggesting a common gene-pool for the sympatric migratory and stream-resident forms. Assignment tests, based on microsatellite markers, to identify the population of origin of individuals did not suggest pronounced dispersal from the landlocked population into the down-stream population. However, it cannot be precluded that a modest degree of gene flow takes place from the landlocked population and that this may play a role in maintaining the two co-existing life-history forms among females in the down-stream population.


The Semiscale Mod-1 test program has utilized two different break nozzle configurations in a test facility with identical initial and boundary conditions. An evaluation has been made to determine the effect these break nozzle configurations have on system thermal-hydraulic response during a 200% double-ended cold leg break loss-of-coolant accident simulation. The first nozzle had a convergent-divergent design; the second nozzle had a convergent design with an elongated constant area throat followed by a rapid expansion. Analysis of data from tests conducted with the two nozzles shows that the critical flow characteristics at the break plane were affected by the break nozzle geometry. Differences in break flow caused differences in the core inlet flow which in turn affected core heater rod thermal response. The results of this investigation show that the break flow behavior and the resulting core thermal response in the Semiscale experimental facility can be directly correlated.


Objective To explore the factors affecting service quality in outpatient pharmacy in a hospital, and to summarize the improvement methods. Methods An outpatient pharmacy for western medicine in a hospital was selected as the research subject. Its service was observed and studied, its staff and patients were surveyed and related measures were proposed according to study results. Results Insufficient staff allocation and uneven time arrangement could be seen in the pharmacy; Excessive number of patients and long waiting time were the key factors affecting the service quality; dispensing time of pharmacists with occupational qualification was shorter and patients' satisfaction towards them was higher. Conclusion The pharmacy should open more service windows and allocate more staff members, and enhance service capabilities of staff members. Service concepts should be changed actively, and therefore provide a full range of service such as consultation, guidance and prescription verification for patients. In addition, management should be strengthened so as to realize the target of comprehensively improving the service quality of the pharmacy.


Aims: Modern medicine has recently faced the need to consider the existential qualities of patients during the process leading to diagnosis and choice of therapy, in addition to relying on technological progress. Materials & methods: Narrative medicine has gradually entered the routine of clinical work, aiming at improving patient–physician relationships and adherence to therapy and reducing direct and indirect health cost. Results: The Local Health Authority of Firenze (Italy) has launched an innovative process for the integration of narrative practices into the health services. This initiative's aim was to spread the culture of narrative-based medicine among health professionals and increase the quality and appropriateness of care (NaMe project). Conclusion: This article describes the experience through which a model of narrative medicine was implemented into the clinical practice.


While advocacy of gaming tools to support training has been a trend observed in recent years, little definitive empirical research regarding the effectiveness of games in training has been established. This research focused on an instructional game developed by the US Army to support Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TC3). The TC3 Game-based Simulation is a first person game where the trainee plays the role of a medic assigned to a light infantry squad operating in an urban environment. This research focuses on training treatments and the potential use of computer games as experiential tools for learning by Soldiers. In an effort to draw empirical results, it was the objective of this research to evaluate the training effectiveness using the TC3 Game-based Simulation following Kirkpatrick's four-level model and comparing it to multimedia and interactive modes of instruction. Reaction to training was explored, as were the acquisition of knowledge and the transfer of skills. The acquisition of knowledge occurred for participants in all treatments and significant statistical differences were found in gain scores between participants in the multimedia group and participants with interactive modes of instruction. In addition, significant statistical differences were found in transfer task scores between participants in the multimedia group and participants with interactive modes of instruction.


for establishing privilege management and access control mechanism to prevent patient sensitive health information from abusing and disclosure, the classical single-component model was used to abstract pertinent objects and concepts. With the comparison of PMAC requirements and SCM characters, it specifies all natural shortcoming of Single-Component Model method, and concludes SCM not suits PMAC.


Highly transparent Yb:Sc2O3 ceramics were successfully fabricated using commercially powders without any sintering additive by a hot-isostatic-press (HIP) method. The ceramics were sintered at 1700°C in vacuum followed by HIP at 1680°C to obtain a relatively high transmittance. The effects of Yb doping concentrations on the microstructure and transmittance were investigated, respectively. The samples with a doping concentration of 10 at% achieved the highest transmittance, which showed 79.4% at a wavelength of 800 nm. The fluorescence emission spectroscopy suggests that it is promising to achieve laser output at around 1080 nm. These results may afford a enchiridion for comprehending the microstructural development of transparent Yb:Sc2O3 ceramics without sintering additive.


Making use of symmetry properties and known exact results for the Hubbard Model on bipartite lattice, we show that (1) there is no phase separation for repulsive coupling at low dopings, (2) phase separation and superconductivity co-exist in the ground states for attractive coupling in a range of filling fractions.


ABSTRACT Introduction There is increasing evidence of the social, physical and cognitive benefits of group-singing for people living with dementia and their family carers. However, COVID-19 has necessitated the suspension of in-person group-singing globally. This study explores the impact of COVID-19 on dementia-inclusive singing groups and choirs in Ireland, and their facilitators' responses. It seeks to contribute to the limited literature on online group-singing and music telehealth for people living with dementia and family carers. It strives to provide facilitators with practical information to adapt their programmes for online delivery and continue to support the health and well-being of these populations. Method This study adopted a qualitative methodological approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with facilitators of dementia-inclusive singing groups or choirs in Ireland (n = 12). Results Four main themes were generated inductively from the data using Thematic Analysis: accessibility of online delivery; online vs in-person delivery; importance of social connection; adaptability and resilience. Discussion This study provides a mixed picture of opportunities and challenges arising from online music programmes. Initial evidence indicates the ability of facilitators to successfully deliver online music programmes to a proportion of people living with dementia and family carers and the capacity of members of these populations to engage with them. The findings support the development of sustainable online groups and resources to increase the accessibility of dementia-inclusive singing groups and support community-dwelling people with dementia living in rural and remote areas or with health or mobility challenges. However, challenges of digital inclusion exist.


Advance communication systems require new techniques for FIR filters
with resource efficiency in terms of high performance and low power consumption. Lowcomplexity
architectures are required by FIR filters for implementation in field programmable gate
Arrays (FPGA). In addition, FIR filters in multistandard wireless communication systems must have
low complexity and be reconfigurable. The coefficient multipliers of FIR filters are complicated.

The implementation and application of high tap FIR filters by a partial product reduce
this complexity. Thus, this article proposes a novel digital finite impulse response (FIR) filter architecture
with FPGA.

The proposed technique FIR filter is based on a new architecture method and implemented
using the Quartus II design suite manufactured by Altera. Also, the proposed architecture is coded
in Verilog HDL and the code developed from the proposed architecture has been simulated using
Modelsim. This efficient FIR filter architecture is based on the shift and add method. Efficient circuit
techniques are used to further improve power and performance. In addition, the proposed architecture
achieves better hardware requirements as multipliers are reduced. A 10-tap FIR filter is implemented
on the proposed architecture.

The design's example demonstrates a 25% reduction in resource usage compared to existing
reconfigurable architectures with FPGA synthesis. In addition, the speed of the proposed architecture
is 37% faster than the best performance of existing methods.

The proposed architecture offers low power and improved speed with the lowcomplexity
design that gives the best architecture FIR filter for both reconfigurable and fixed applications.


The research concludes the development of water cresting at home and aboard,which is mainly in mechanism of water cresting,physical simulation,critical production,forecasting of breakthrough time,calculation of water cresting height and dissipation of water cresting. This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages and their feasibility according to the comprehensive analysis of prediction model.


Research is a process aimed at seeking new knowledge, in this case, it will seek to find alternative ways in the field of new technologies that serve to support special educational needs. Society demands these technological contributions to solve problems and allow man to work with greater ergonomics; the school, a social institution, also needs these resources so that all students can build a functional and meaningful teaching-learning process. The Educational System proposes an education that meets the educational needs of all students; and from these pages it is intended that new technologies are a way of supporting that attend to diversity.


Five years ago, in June 1989, Solidarity won a spectacular victory in a parliamentary election. The Polish Communist Party was forced to give up its monopoly on power. Poles embarked on an arduous, often haphazard process of transformation from a "party-state" and central planning to a democratic polity and capitalism. What does this transformation mean for Polish theatre? In the new Polish experience, which opens dizzying possibilities to some people and fills others with a frightening vision of an unstable and chaotic world, what is the place of theatre? What role does theatre play in the public life of capitalist Poland? Does it continue to disrupt the ideology and the discursive practices of mainstream culture the way it did in the past? In short, does theatre make any difference? My essay will be an explicitly critical one. It is, of course, an authoritarian and manipulative gesture to present one's own perspective as a "universal" claim. I can speak only for myself, as a feminist scholar who writes about the cultural production of a country where it is men who dominate all public life. They control the state, the church, the arts, as well as social and cultural constructions of gender. In Polish culture, the gender system is still hierarchical, and the constructions of sexual difference are synonymous with sexual discrimination. The restoration of capitalism and political pluralism in Poland has brought a renewed resistance to women's empowerment. The reasons are economic as well as ideological (see Verdery 1994). At the same time, newcomers to the political scene-former dissidents and Solidarity activists-have been eager to pay back the Catholic Church for its earlier support of the anti-Communist opposition (see Filipowicz I990 and I993). Consequently, the gender politics of the Polish transformation continues to be hostile to feminist issues. The stringent antiabortion law of 1993 is the most characteristic manifestation of the increasing curtailment of women's rights.1 These circumstances are part of the context in which Polish theatre communicates with its audiences. To ignore this context would be to imagine, as no one can, that the process of communication between ac-


Coronary reactive hyperemia (RH) is impaired in hypertrophic hearts and in hearts with metabolic syndrome. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) exert cardioprotective effects against ischemia / reperfusion injury. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is the main enzyme responsible for EETs breakdown. We hypothesized that the inhibition of sEH results in increased RH in C57BL/6J isolated mouse hearts through increased generation of EETs compared to non‐treated mouse hearts in response to no‐flow ischemia. Coronary flow (CF) in isolated C57BL/6J wild type mouse hearts was measured before and after sEH‐inhibition using a well characterized and selective sEH inhibitor, trans‐4‐[4‐(3‐adamantan‐1‐yl‐ureido)‐cyclohexyloxy]‐benzoic acid (t‐AUCB) in Langendorff system. In each experiment we used the same isolated heart as its own control. Perfused isolated hearts were exposed to 15‐second ischemia and RH parameters were assessed before and after 15‐minute infusion of t‐AUCB (10‐5 M). Following ischemia, flow repayment (calculated as the area under the curve and normalized to heart weight (ml/g)) was significantly increased in response to t‐AUCB (5.84 ± 0.80 in vehicle vs. 9.52 ± 1.68 in t‐AUCB, p<0.05). Moreover, t‐AUCB significantly increased baseline coronary flow (16.62 ± 0.85 in vehicle vs. 14.59 ± 0.63 in t‐AUCB, p<0.05). Also, we observed that t‐AUCB tends to increase repayment to debt ratio (1.53 ± 0.22 in vehicle vs. 2.32 ± 0.43 in t‐AUCB). No significant differences were observed in debt area, peak hyperemic flow and repayment duration between the two groups. Our results demonstrate that sEH inhibition by t‐AUCB significantly increases RH. These data suggest that sEH inhibition by t‐AUCB could have a beneficial effect on myocardial recovery from ischemic insult. Supported by HL‐114559 to MAN


The intrinsic coercivity of Nd–Fe–B permanent magnets measured by the electromagnet method is substantially enlarged if it is close to or greater than the saturation magnetization of the electromagnet pole caps. This enlargement is caused by a dominant demagnetizing field against overall magnetic reversal.


Compliance with taking medication is a problematic patients who get polypharmacy prescribing, this is because of the many drugs that must be consumed. As a result of the consumption of many drugs that cause sufferers of degenerative diseases are not compliant to take medication and health awareness decreases. This is not only experienced in elderly and geriatric patients but in adulthood also experience non-compliance with taking medication due to the many activities, lazy to take medication and also forget. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of age on adherence to taking oral antidiabetic drugs and oral antihypertensive drugs using the pill count method at the Regional Hospital of South Surabaya. The Pill Count method was chosen in this study with the aim of analyzing patient compliance in taking medication by calculating the remaining drug based on the rules of use and dosage when the patient returns to control. In addition, this study also aims to determine the effect of age on patient compliance in taking oral antidiabetic drugs and oral antihypertensive drugs. This research is descriptive observational with prospective data collection. Data analysis used descriptive and continued with statistical analysis using Chi-Square. The results of this study that adherence to take medication for elderly patients who received oral antidiabetic drug therapy obtained as much as 96.7% and 90% in adult patients. Compliance to oral antihypertension drugs in adult patients are  90% and 83.3% in elderly patients. Age does not effect compliance patients with Chi-Square analysis with p value = 0,301 and 0,448 > 0.05.


The amount of data telemetered from moored or drifting oceanographic instruments has increased markedly in the last few years. With many platforms transmitting data on irregular schedules in near-real time, the use of an automated system of performing the routine data processing tasks is necessary. This report documents the automated data acquisition, processing and distribution system developed to deal with data from Salinity Profiling Autonomous LAgrangian Current Explorer (S-PALACE) floats, the first generation of profiling floats to report salinity as well as temperature. The original ALACE floats are described in the paper by R. E. Davis, et al. (1992).


Due to the thriving of the mobile devices market, there has been a great momentum in adopting Java technology in embedded mobile devices where optimizing energy consumptions extremely critical. However, since Java Virtual Machines(JVMs) are conventionally used for server side clusters, the energy and memory tradeoffs on embedded devices are not well understood. In this work, we attempt to find out how the memory heap size on embedded devices (running JVMs) could impact energy consumption. To approach this problem, we use an in-house-developed production-level micro-JVM as a case study. This micro-JVM runs on top of a low-power co-processor with tight memory and battery constraints, and is designed for hosting security workloads. Focusing on security-related workloads, we first study the energy consumption distribution among JVM components. Second, we vary the size of the available physical memory, and find out how this would impact energy consumption. Third, we propose strategies to optimize memory consumption. Finally, we explore hardware strategies to further optimize energy consumption. The results show that garbage collector (GC) overhead is a function of memory heap size, the bigger heap the smaller overhead incurred. However, the increase of memory heap will not always translate into the energy reduction due to the offset from memory side energy cost.


Sliding to the Right: The Contest for the Future of American Jewish Orthodoxy, by Samuel C. Heilman. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006. 363 pp. $24.95. In the contemporary battle for the hearts and minds of American Orthodox Jews, the sectarian religious values of those who stridently resist this country's culture have triumphed over diose who make strategic accommodations, within the rubrics of halacha (Orthodox rendering of Jewish law), to facili- tate living harmoniously within a free and open society. So atgues Samuel C. Heilman, in his new book, Sliding to the Right: The Contest for the Future of American Jewish Orthodoxy. The triumphalists are armed with a sense of cultural superiority that stems from living among but riot with Gentiles for centuries in Eastern Europe. And they possess a mission, as "surviving witnesses" to the destruction of great Torah centers, to rebuild the Orthodoxy that they knew-albeit with greatet punctiliousness than ever before. Moreover, they are privileged to live in a cultural-pluralistic nation that permits them to live as they please, and, I will add, they benefit from a mature, indigenous Orthodox community infrastructure upon which they have built. Accordingly, these'contra-acculturative enclavist Haredim"-to use the sociological jargon for which Heilman has a penchant-the sons and daughters of the devout who came here after the Holocaust have become aggressive advocates and even "agents provocateurs" ( p. Ill) for what they deem as the only acceptable form of Orthodoxy (read: Jewish life). Arrayed against them, says Heilman, is a flaccid, modem Orthodoxy whose leaders, intimidated by their opponents' self-confidence, are becoming increasingly bereft of a constituency as even their own progeny emulate anti-modern ways of life. In Heilman's view, these "acculturative contrapunctualists"-as he again borrows an esoteric phrase from the social scientists' thesaurus-really have no one other than themselves to blame. As they went off to pursue the American dream as observant and high-pt iced lawyet s, doctors, business people, and accountants or as rarified-status academics, they abandoned the crucial battlefield of Jewish education, the molding of the next generation within their own communities, largely to those who are "ready to redefine Orthodoxy in the modern world as uncompromisingly parochial" (p. 111). Moreover, with their high birth rate, born primarily out of their strict adherence to halachic proscriptions against contraception, the most parochial augur not only to soon outnumber those they have presently defeated, but, if one is to believe their propaganda, by the end of the twenty-first century to be the only substantial, sustained Jewish group in highly-assimilationist America. To strengthen his argument further about this unequal encountet, Heilman does not make much of creative, modernist efforts to demonstrate that changing social and cultural values have a place within a contemporary halachic life-style. Though movements like Orthodox feminism are not counterattacks against"haredization," they do suggest that the best revenge against those who sometimes verbally assault them and their supporters is living well with fidelity to both the demands and possibilities of the faith. …


Noise and variation are the two major challenges for the reliability of digital circuits, especially multiple-valued logic (MVL) circuits where the entire voltage range is divided into some narrow zones. In spite of few correct examples, many ternary inverters with reduced noise margins have been presented in the literature. The defect is mainly because of their improperly shaped voltage transfer characteristic (VTC). With proper transistor sizing, we can rectify the problem and provide uniformly wide noise margin values while maintaining power-delay product (PDP) low. As far as we know, none of the previous ternary inverters has been given based on a methodical transistor sizing procedure. In this paper, a systematic transistor sizing through physical equations is suggested for an existing standard ternary inverter (STI), whose original sizes for the carbon nanotube FETs (CNFETs) are inappropriate. This paper includes a comprehensive investigation to determine appropriate values for the physical parameters of the CNFET-based STI. Compared with the original design, with a negligible increase in circuit delay and area, simulation results show that the proposed ternary inverter can increase noise margin and static noise margin by up to 47.7% and 83.3%, respectively.


1 On November 14, 2016, Administrative Law Judge Robert A. Ringler issued the attached decision. Respondent Hy-Brand Industrial Contractors, Limited (Hy-Brand) and Respondent Brandt Construction Company (Brandt) (collectively the Respondents) jointly filed exceptions and supporting, answering, and reply briefs. The General Counsel filed a limited cross-exception and supporting and answering briefs. The National Labor Relations Board has considered the decision and the record in light of the exceptions, cross-exception, and briefs and has decided to affirm the judge's rulings, findings, and conclusions only to the extent consistent with this Decision and Order and to adopt the recommended Order as modified below. The Respondents have excepted to some of the judge's credibility findings. The Board's established policy is not to overrule an administrative law judge's credibility resolutions unless the clear preponderance of all the relevant evidence convinces us that they are incorrect. Standard Dry Wall Products, 91 NLRB 544 (1950), enfd. 188 F.2d 362 (3d Cir. 1951). We have carefully examined the record and find no basis for reversing the findings. The Respondents argue that the judge improperly limited certain testimony and erroneously excluded documents from evidence. Even assuming the judge erred in these rulings, we find that the additional evidence would not affect our disposition of this case. The General Counsel seeks a make-whole remedy that would include consequential damages incurred by the discriminatees as a result of the Respondents' unfair labor practices. The relief sought would require a change in Board law. Having duly considered the matter, we are not prepared at this time to deviate from our current remedial practice. Accordingly, we decline to order this relief at this time. See, e.g., Laborers International Union of North America, Local Union No. 91 (Council of Utility Contractors), 365 NLRB No. 28, slip op. at 1 fn. 2 (2017). There are no exceptions to the judge's application of King Soopers, Inc., 364 NLRB No. 93 (2016), enfd. in relevant part 859 F.3d 23 (D.C. Cir. 2017), regarding the appropriate treatment of search-for-work and interim employment expenses. Accordingly, we do not revisit that issue here. National Labor Relations Act (NLRA or Act). Five HyBrand employees and two Brandt employees were discharged after they engaged in work stoppages based on concerns involving wages, benefits, and workplace safety. We agree that the work stoppages constituted protected concerted activity under Section 7 of the Act, and the discharges constituted unlawful interference with the exercise of protected rights in violation of Section 8(a)(1) of the Act. We agree with the judge that Hy-Brand and Brandt are joint employers, but we disagree with the legal standard the judge applied to reach that finding. The judge applied the standard adopted by a Board majority in Browning-Ferris Industries of California, Inc. d/b/a BFI Newby Island Recyclery (Browning-Ferris). In Browning-Ferris, the Board majority held that, even when two entities have never exercised joint control over essential terms and conditions of employment, and even when any joint control is not "direct and immediate," the two entities will still be joint employers based on the mere existence of "reserved" joint control, or based on indirect control or control that is "limited and routine." We find


An ultrasonic orthopedic scalpel (UOS) for low-damage bone cutting is proposed. The UOS is com, in order posed of a sandwich piezoelectric transducer and a surgical tool. The surgical tool of the proposed UOS can produce lateral swing vibration with enough amplitude generated by the longitudinal vibration of the sandwich piezoelectric transducer to cut hard bone. First, a basic model of a UOS that can transform longitudinal vibration of the transducer to lateral swing vibration of the surgical tool is built by using simulation analysis and is verified by experiments. Then, the basic model is iteratively optimized based on the analysis result, and a prototype of the optimized UOS with an operating frequency of 25.51 kHz and amplitude of $\mathbf{45}\ \boldsymbol{\mu}\mathbf{m}$ is manufactured. Finally, the manufactured UOS is used to perform in vitro cutting tests on pig thigh bones. The experimental results indicate that the UOS can implement selective tissue removal. This means that the UOS can cut hard bones effectively without causing damage to peripheral soft tissue and without causing tissue burns, which is beneficial for postoperative recovery.


By adopting steam condensation nucleus formation theory and from the viewpoint of describing the microscopic mechanism governing the steam condensation nucleus formation,an analysis of the distribution law of spontaneous condensation nucleus and its formation rate was conducted respectively and a probabilistic model,established for steam molecule condensation.On this basis,a simulation calculation was performed of the thermodynamic behavior of the steam passing through the condenser throat of a steam turbine by adopting a direct simulation Monte Carlo method.In addition,the influence of the steam wetness in the condenser throat on the flow resistance and uniformity was studied.The calculation results show that with the steam thermodynamic behavior being taken into consideration,the flow resistance of the steam can be reduced,and in the meantime the steam distribution in the flow field of the condenser throat can also be improved to a certain degree.


The purpose of this study is to (1) know the level of restaurant tax growth rate of the City of Banjarmasin (2) find out how much the contribution of restaurant tax to the original income of Banjarmasin City (3) in order to find out how far the restaurant tax effectiveness Banjarmasin City.The data taken by this study uses secondary data and primary data with annual time series data from 2013 to 2018. The data source is obtained from the Banjarmasin City Financial Board. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods.The results of this study is that the rate of tax growth in restaurants in Banjarmasin City has an average of 14.17% which is categorized as less successful. For the calculation of restaurant tax contributions the city of Banjarmasin has an average of 14.04% which means it is still not contributing while from the restaurant tax effectiveness the city of Banjarmasin has an average of 109.13% which can be categorized very effectively.Keywords: Restaurant Tax, Local Revenue.


In this article,the author concentrates on the following points: Human's physiological and psychological demands enabled wushu series to take place and develop;Society's development is the fundamental cause for wushu series' development and its functions. at the end,the author concludes that only by combining with modern sports can wushu series develop further and become more popular in the world.


Geographical indications is the important composition of the intellectual property.Every country put more and more attention to it and made the law to protect the geographical indications.There are three models of the special law,the trademark law and the law against unfair competition to protect it exist ing in the world.Each way has its advantages and weaknesses,but they chose the best suitable to its national conditions.The establishment of the intellectual property in China was behind the Western capitalist countries.The article studies the latest case about the geographical indications and combines present situation,and through analyzing it proposes the protection structure that fits the special situation in China.


Marketers are always looking for an advantage, a way to win customers, improve market share, profitability and demonstrate value to the firm. Many forms of market research are about trying new things and seeing what works and what doesn't. This may be called campaign marketing, advertising and promotion research or e-marketing. It is about testing ideas and attempting to drive return on investment. A very common method of testing these ideas is A/B testing. The most common way to compare the results of an A/B experiment is a simple t-test. We present a better way to perform the statistical analysis associated with these experiments. Control charts have been used in manufacturing and service industries for years. By adapting these robust methods marketing professionals can add scientific rigor to their creative process. We provide practical illustrations to the interpretation, construction and comparison of control charts to traditional forms of analysis.


Abstract Since 1981 the Food and Nutrition Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture has imposed financial penalties on 49 states with excessive overpayment errors in the Food Stamp program, many in more than one year, for a total of $423.5 million. Almost all have appealed the sanctions, and several have taken their appeal to the courts, questioning the fairness of the financial penalties. Although the quality control (QC) system holds all states to the same standard, payment error rates (defined as the proportion of total benefits paid erroneously) may reflect not only the administrative performance of an agency, but also the difficulty of the case load served and the characteristics of the social environment in which the program operates. To investigate the feasibility of adjusting states' overpayment error rates for differences on such external factors, we developed regression models for five components of the overpayment error rate. When fitted to the case-level data from the fiscal year (FY) 1984 QC s...


OBJECTIVE To study the transmembrane properties of preS1-preS2-HBsAg of hepatitis B virus.METHODS Devided the large envelope protein(L protein) into six fragments according to its computer simulation structure model to design six pairs of primers(named HBsAg1-6).Final accumulation into a continuous length of chain which could form the four transmembrane domain in the cells inside and outside.The preS1 and preS2 fragments were amplified from the plasmid pcDNA3.1-preS1-preS2-HBsAg.And we linked pro-urokinase signal peptide(pro-UK) with 6×histidine(6×His),HBsAg(1-6) and hemagglutinin(HA) by overlapping extension PCR method.The PCR products were double digested with XhoⅠ and EcoRⅠand cloned into the expression vector pIRES2-EGFP.The constructed expression vectors were pIRES2-EGFP/Pro-UK-6×His-preS1-preS2-HBsAg(1-6)-HA,and they could coexpress preS1-preS2-HBsAg(1-6),GFP and HA theoretically.The vectors were transfected into 293 cells respectively using Lipofectamine method.The positive clones were screened by G418 pressure.The expression of preS1-preS2-HBsAg(1-6) was detected using fluorescence observation,Western blotting and immune double labeling method indirectly.RESULTS PCR results showed that,the size of electrophoresis fragment in line with the theoretical value of HBsAg 1-HBsAg 6 fragments which are 600,810,957,1098,1194 and 1275 bp.The restriction endonuclease digestion of recombinant plasmid sequencing results was entirely consistent with the expected sequence.Get 293 cells which were successfully transferred of HBsAg 1-HBsAg 6 after transfection and monoclonal antibody screening.The cells were bright green,in good shape,and with high fluorescence expression intensity.Western blotting results showed that,there was ladder-like protein signaling on relative molecular mass of 31 000,34 000,44 000,47 000,54 000 and 60 000.Clear bands were consistent with the theoretical value.CONCLUSION Eukaryotic expression vectors are successfully constructed,the vectors contain Pro-UK,6×His,preS1,preS2,HBsAg(1-6) and HA genes.And the 293 cell lines which could coexpress HBsAg(1-6),GFP and HA proteins are obtained.


The following article seeks to open the possibility of thinking the reality of the Colombian conflict from new conceptual categories, specifically those put forth by Giorgio Agamben, not necessarily to force the facts into the theory, but to open new possibilities of understanding the human tragedy that Colombia has lived (and continues to live) in terms of human loss (death policies), of lack of conditions to live a dignified life and of an existence that is zoe (barely existence, stripped from dignity) rather than bios (life in political community). The text further proposes the question of whether the Colombian State has become an everlasting State of Emergency that employs it as a normal mode of establishing social and political hegemony


Robots assist rescuers in search and rescue operations. An area of research that can significantly benefit search and rescue operations, if integrated, is cooperative robotics, since a multi-robot team can cover a vast area more efficiently than a single robot system. The research discussed in this paper focuses on the need for cooperative search and rescue robots, the related research in literature, and the design of a control architecture that will support the requirements of a cooperation system for search and rescue applications.


Google Earth provides free satellite images to people who have access to the internet. In many places these images have high resolution and might be used in many activities of urban and environmental planning. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Standards of Cartographic Accuracy - SCA of a mosaic made from scenes with high resolution provided by Google Earth. The scenes were captured at 5900 meters of altitude referring to the city of San Leopoldo / RS. The analysis of SCA was based on a network of 30 GPS points located in the municipality and with a maximum horizontal error of 0.06 meters gotten after adjustment by the method of least-squares. Of the 30 vertices, 17 were used for georeferencing the image and 13 to study the SCA. Statistical tests were applied to analyze the quality of the georeferenced image and according to the classification of Decree Law 89,817 - Standards of Cartographic Accuracy - was possible to conclude that the image of Google Earth developed through scenes captured at 5900 meters of altitude can be defined as Class B and used with a scale of 1/15.000. Palavras-chave: Standards of Cartographic Accuracy, Google Earth images, GPS network.


Student evaluations of teaching have increased in importance to universities in Australia over recent years due to changes in government policy. There has been significant debate in the literature as to the validity and usefulness of such evaluations and as to whether students who respond to the evaluations are indeed representative of the student population. A potential invalidating issue is self selection in the evaluation process. In this paper, we consider student evaluations of a large first year business statistics subject that had 1073 eligible students enrolled across four campuses at the time of the evaluation. The study is based on the 373 students (34.8%) who responded to the survey, and their final results. The evaluations were open for a period of six weeks leading up to and just after the final exam. The study looks in detail at the student population identifying such attributes as gender; home campus; course of study; domestic/international; Commonwealth Supported Place/full fee paying, etc. and then mapping these results to those of the students who responded to the survey.


Different brands of commercial green tea beverages exhibit different total phenolic contents (TPC) and antioxidant activities (TEACDPPH). In the present study, lyophilized Cosmos caudatus (ulam raja) extract (UREX) was added to different brands of commercial green tea bags at two levels; 25 mg (GT-LUREX) and 50 mg (GT-HUREX) per sachet as an additive for green tea and its effects on their TPC, TEACDPPH, physicochemical and sensory attributes were investigated. The addition of UREX increased yellowness and chroma values of the green tea beverages significantly (P<0.05), however, lightness was significantly (P<0.05) decreased and no influence on the clarity and turbidity was observed. TPC and TEACDPPH were significantly (P<0.05) higher in GT-HUREX when compared to GT-LUREX and control. Sensory attributes of GT-HUREX were significantly (P<0.05) improved. Based on the obtained results, UREX can enhance the nutraceutical and functional properties of green tea beverage, as well as its physical and sensory attributes.


In recent times fracture healing using electric stimulation is tred as a a tool to track fracture healing. For good assessment of fracture healing variables such as voltage, current, and time should be monitored, measured and controlled. These control implementations are accomplished via regulation of applied voltage to the patient. This paper presents identification of time constant of fractured limb using step response method. An open loop test was conducted and model parameters were determined. From the model parameters the time constant is identified.It varied between individual cases due to multiple factors like the age of the


ZEARFOSS, ASHLEY DAWN. Improving Disease Control Strategies for Stagonospora nodorum Blotch of Winter Wheat. (Under the direction of Dr. Christina Cowger and Dr. Peter S. Ojiambo.) Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), caused by Stagonospora nodorum, occurs frequently in the southeastern United States and severe epidemics can lead to substantial yield losses. The disease is controlled primarily through the use of fungicides which may not be profitable when grain prices are low. Planting cultivars that have partial resistance is typically the most sustainable approach, though resistant cultivars are not always available. Two studies were conducted aimed at improving aspects of the timing of fungicide applications and resistance breeding for SNB. The effects of environmental factors such as temperature on the pathogen's latent period and life cycle are important for establishing models of disease development. To establish a model for the development of SNB based on the effects of temperature on the latent period of the pathogen relative to host growth, batches of two winter wheat cultivars (AGS 2000 and USG 3209) were inoculated with pycnidiospores of S. nodorum at weekly intervals for 16 weeks in 2009. Latent period, expressed as time from inoculation until the first visible lesions with pycnidia, ranged from 13 to 34 days. The relationship between the inverse of the latent period and mean temperature was best described by a linear model, and the estimated thermal time required for the completion of the latent period was 384.6 degreedays. A shifted cumulative gamma distribution model with a base temperature of 0.5°C was used to describe the relationship between the number of lesions with pycnidia and accumulated thermal time. When defined as time to 50% of the maximum number of lesions with pycnidia ( 50 L ), the latent period was estimated as 336 and 323 degree-days above 0.5°C for AGS 2000 and USG 3209, respectively. The relationship between 50 / 1 L and mean temperature was also best described using a linear model (r 2 = 0.93, P < 0.001). This study provides data that link wheat growth with disease progress, which will facilitate accurate identification of thresholds for timing of fungicide applications. The recent discovery of host-selective toxins (HSTs), along with their corresponding host sensitivity (Snn) genes, has offered a new tool for SNB resistance breeding. The second study was designed evaluate the production of and sensitivity to host-selective toxins in the southeastern US using germplasm from 14 breeding programs across the region and a regional set of S. nodorum isolates. Production of host-selective toxins was detected in isolates originating in each sampled state except in Maryland. A large percentage of isolates (41%) produced novel host-selective toxins and the corresponding targets are presumably unidentified sensitivity genes in wheat. A low percentage (26%) of isolates produced known host-selective toxins and only one cultivar contained a known sensitivity locus. Sensitivity to effectors was more frequent in susceptible cultivars than in moderately resistant cultivars (P = 0.008). However, some susceptible cultivars did not exhibit sensitivity to host-selective toxins produced by isolates in this study, while some moderately resistant cultivars were sensitive to the effectors. Our results suggest that host-selective toxin sensitivities influence, but are not the only determinant of, cultivar resistance to S. nodorum. The frequency of the uncharacterized novel host-selective toxins in the southeastern U.S. is consistent with the idea that host-selective toxins arise under selection pressure from disease resistance genes in widely deployed cultivars that vary by geographic region. Information from this study on host-selective toxins and Snn gene frequencies can be used by wheat breeding programs to more effectively breed for SNB resistance. Improving Disease Control Strategies for Stagonospora nodorum Blotch of Winter Wheat by Ashley Dawn Zearfoss A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Plant Pathology Raleigh, North Carolina 2011


During spring, poor ozone air masses can come out of the Antarctic Ozone Hole and reach mid and low latitude areas like the South of Brazil forming a known phenomenon called "Secondary E ects of the Antarctic Ozone Hole". One of these phenomena was observed on October, 13th, 2010, by OMI Spectrometer over Southern Space Observatory (29.42° S and 53.87° W), in São Martinho da Serra, Brazil. Stratospheric potential vorticity maps on isentropic surfaces and air mass backward trajectory using HYSPLIT model by NOAA con rmed the polar origin of the poor ozone air mass. A description of the synoptic weather system during the event was made by wind eld daily average at 250 hPa level and Omega at 500 hPa, thickness between 1000 and 500 hPa levels and GOES 10 enhance satellite image. It was observed that the event of low ozone occurred at the same time as a high pressure pos frontal system was passing over the south of Brazil and the subtropical jet stream le the weather stable and without clouds. ese actions favored the intrusion of the stratospheric air in the troposphere and helped the stratospheric air mass transport from the polar region to the South of Brazil.


Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is synthesized as a 26-kDa transmembrane protein (mTNF-α), which may present on the cell surface or be processed to release the 17-kDa soluble form (sTNF-α). Because regulation of this ectodomain shedding might be critical in the generation of systemic versus local cytokine responses, we examined the rate of mTNF-α processing in adipocytes and its regulation in obesity. Here, we demonstrate that the 26-kDa mTNF-α is present in adipose tissue and that its production is significantly increased in different rodent obesity models as well as in obese humans. There was no apparent deficiency in the level of the major TNF-α converting enzyme in adipose tissue to account for the excess amount of mTNF-α produced in obesity. However, experiments in cultured fat cells stably expressing TNF-α demonstrated a significantly decreased rate of TNF-α cleavage in differentiated adipocytes compared with preadipocytes. Thus, a decreased processing rate of mTNF-α in mature adipocytes combined with an increase in TNF-α production may be a potential mechanism resulting in elevated membrane-associated TNF-α in adipose tissue in obesity.


This article puts forward several disaster tolerance solution for multimedia network management system in allusion to its high reliability,usability and security.It also compares and analyses the specialities,relative advantages and shortages of these projects in data resuming,system capability and investing.


The influence of stress-induced ε-martensitic transformation on the serrated flow behavior associated with dynamic strain aging was investigated. The ε-martensitic transformation was controlled by changing the deformation temperature and adding Si to Fe–17Mn–xSi–0.3 C alloys. The addition of Si promoted the ε-martensitic transformation, and suppressed the slip deformation due to solution hardening. The initiation of serrations around room temperature was delayed by the promotion of ε-martensitic transformation which initiated plastic deformation. The critical stress for the occurrence of serrations and the critical stress for the occurrence of slip deformation were found to have a linear relationship.


A cost of poor-quality model is presented for a typical repair process through a warehouse environment. It is a probabilistic cost model, consisting of a set of repair process states; a set of conditions of the unit (truly defective/nondefective), in warranty/out-of-warranty within-keep level/out-of-keep level; a distribution on the set of conditions, a transition matrix, containing the transition probabilities from state to state, depending on the unit's condition; a set of paths, i.e. all ordered (finite) sequences of repair process states through which a unit can possibly pass; a set of optimal paths; and a cost matrix containing the costs of making a transition from state to state.<<ETX>>


A 13-year-old girl presented with acute-onset right hemiparesis involving the face, arm, and leg equally. She was receiving weekly intrathecal methotrexate (last dose 6 days prior) for recently diagnosed acute lymphocytic leukemia. Brain MRI (figure 1) showed diffusion restriction in the left centrum semiovale with reduced apparent diffusion coefficient. Her hemiparesis resolved within 24 hours, but 2 hours later she developed 12-hour left hemiparesis involving face, upper limb, and dysarthria. Follow-up neurologic examination was normal. Repeat MRI (figure 2) 44 hours after the original MRI showed acute right centrum semiovale changes. The changes that were previously seen on the left side had resolved. As before, all changes noted were localized completely in white matter, nonvascular territory. This was consistent with methotrexate neurotoxicity,1,2 possibly secondary to homocysteine accumulation causing direct endothelial injury.3 The patient resumed intrathecal methotrexate 1 month later as part of her ongoing chemotherapeutic regimen without further incidents.


The methodology of the existing displacement control is illustrated taking the shield of twin tunnels of Line 4 underpassing the upline tunnel of existing metro Line 1, for example. Vertical, horizontal, and convergence displacement of the existing tunnel is monitored and analyzed in detail in this paper. Shield parameters are predefined and adjusted based on the feedback of the displacement of Line 1. Short-term displacement of the existing tunnel is greatly influenced by the relative distance between the shield face and the existing tunnel and shield parameters. The shapes of horizontal and convergence displacement curves are similar. Line 1 is reinforced, and a new analysis method is firstly proposed for the design of reinforcement of the existing tunnel which is verified by the analytical methods derived from prior studies. The results show that the change of reinforcement stiffness has a greater effect on the normalized bending moment and the normalized shear force of the existing tunnel, and reinforcement of 25 rings on either side of the intersection point is the best choice in this case. The proposed model can be widely applicable for reinforcement design and safety check of the existing tunnel.


The compositional ranges of Bi4V2O11 solid solutions containing Co, Cu, Zn, Ca and Sr have been determined by means of a phase diagram study at solidus temperatures. Depending on the size of the divalent cation, at least three and probably four mechanisms for accommodating variable cation content have been identified. These are: V ⇌ Bi, V ⇌ M, Bi ⇌ M and probably, formation of interstitial M. Most previous studies have focused on the single mechanism V ⇌ M whereas, in fact, the solid solutions are shown to be far more varied and extensive than previously supposed.


What is an endpoint? Why is it important? In a clinical trial, endpoints are the key measure to assess the clinical benefit of the treatment to patients. For a new starter, oncology endpoints can often be complex and confusing to understand, but they are critical when evaluating cancer therapies in clinical trials. The role of a programmer should not only be able to analyse and interpret the data correctly as per protocol, but have some knowledge of the therapeutic area. This concept of programming whilst evolving into a data scientist can be somewhat unexpected, but understanding the scientific background enables a programmer to put an endpoint into context of a study. This paper describes the journey from data collection, to the types of statistical tests implemented and why they are important in the translation of assessing patient benefit in oncology trials.


Based on the 3D-GBSB (three-dimensional Geometrically Based Single-Bounce) model and MIMO channel capacity function, by geometric analysis, it is analyzed that transceiver antenna arrays, antenna spacing, antenna array angle, SNR and Rician K-factor and so on impact on the frequency-nonselective fading MIMO channel capacity. Monte Carlo method can be applied to stimulate the wireless fading channel and demonstrate Cumulative Distribution Function of above.


This paper highlights the role of gestures in communicating and particularly in thinking in mathematics. The research interest is on the relation between the use of gestures and the birth of new perceivable signs. This link is shown through the description of a concrete example, referring to a discussion among 8th grade students around a geometrical problem in 3D, to be solved without the use of devices and paper and pencil. It is interesting to observe the progression in the construction of the solution, obtained with the introduction of new signs from gestures, and at the end even of a common tool used by children, the plasticine.


I. INTRODUCTION II. THE ORIGINS AND BASIS FOR AN APPEAL AS OF RIGHT ON CONSTITUTIONAL GROUNDS III. JUDGE SMITH'S DISSENT IN KACHALSKY IV. SIMILAR DISAGREEMENTS OVER WHAT IS A "SUBSTANTIAL" CONSTITUTIONAL QUESTION AND GUIDANCE FROM THE COURT ON WHAT IS "SUBSTANTIAL" V. WHAT A "SUBSTANTIAL" CONSTITUTIONAL QUESTION MEANS IN OTHER CONTEXTS VI. THE EFFECT OF A DISMISSAL FOR LACK OF A "SUBSTANTIAL" CONSTITUTIONAL QUESTION VII. THE POSSIBILITY THAT THE COURT WILL GRANT LEAVE TO APPEAL WHEN IT DISMISSES A CONSTITUTIONAL APPEAL FROM THE APPELLATE DIVISION VIII. CONCLUSION I. INTRODUCTION Experienced appellate practitioners in New York who read the advance sheets or the decision lists of the New York Court of Appeals on its website are familiar with the regular short entries of the court regarding the dismissal of appeals taken as of right under New York Civil Practice Law and Rules ("CPLR") section 5601. One such frequent entry is "[a]ppeal dismissed, without costs, by the Court of Appeals, sua sponte, upon the ground that no substantial constitutional question is directly involved." (1) There is no further explanation of what this means. The frequency of this entry and similar entries dismissing appeals or motions for leave to appeal on curtly stated grounds demonstrates how jealously the court guards its jurisdiction, but provides little guidance to would-be appellants on how to convince the court to retain jurisdiction of an appeal on constitutional grounds. (2) Although not unheard of, there is rarely a dissent when the court dismisses an appeal taken as of right on such jurisdictional grounds. This changed recently when Judge Robert Smith not only dissented from such a dismissal, but criticized the court's internal jurisdictional precedents in Kachalsky v. Cacace. (3) This was the first dissent from a dismissal of an appeal taken as of right for lack of a substantial constitutional question in eight years. (4) Judge Smith's dissent has generated comments from court watchers, and prompted this author to investigate this grounds for an appeal as of right under CPLR 5601(b)(1) and several important questions regarding the court's dismissal of such an appeal for lack of "substantiality." (5) Notably, the word "substantial" is not found in the governing statute, CPLR 5601(b), or the New York Constitution provision that provides for appeals as of right on constitutional grounds. (6) What has the Court of Appeals told us that "substantial" means? We will see that dissents or disagreements on the dismissal or retention of appeals on this basis are rare but do exist. (7) Moreover, this jurisdictional requirement of a "substantial" constitutional question exists and has been previously applied in other jurisdictions and contexts. (8) How do other jurisdictions define a "substantial" constitutional question and what is the effect of a dismissal on jurisdictional grounds? (9) Until 1976, when appeals as of right from state courts were repealed, the United States Supreme Court repeatedly dismissed appeals for lack of a "substantial" federal constitutional question, and it is well established that such a dismissal by the Supreme Court is a decision on the merits that constitutes binding precedent. (10) In contrast, it does not appear that the New York Court of Appeals has ever stated whether the dismissal of an appeal taken as of right for lack of a substantial constitutional question constitutes a decision on the merits or has precedential effect. In short, Judge Smith's dissent has sparked an important debate and discussion of this crucial grounds for an appeal as of right to the Court of Appeals. Moreover, it "offers a rare peek behind the curtain that is the New York Court of Appeals' internal jurisdiction." (11) II. THE ORIGINS AND BASIS FOR AN APPEAL AS OF RIGHT ON CONSTITUTIONAL GROUNDS The governing provisions of the state constitution (12) and CPLR 5601(b) (13) authorize an appeal as of right to the Court of Appeals in two types of "constitutional" cases: (1) from a final determination of the Appellate Division where a constitutional question is directly involved; and (2) from a final determination of a court of record of first instance where the only question directly involved is the constitutionality of a state or federal statutory provision. …


The expansion of high-stakes accountability in the past decades has created an unavoidable tension with contemporary efforts to promote multicultural curricula. Accountability requires that states establish common standards, a difficult task when there is disagreement about what content students should learn. Policy makers can adopt an "augmentative" strategy and add material to standards. This approach is less effective, however, in high-stakes systems where standards are expected to provide concrete guidance. At such times, negotiations become more nearly "zero sum"—something has to come out of the standards for each new item that goes in. Given the nature of the American system, conflicts are more often resolved by devising ambiguous and aspirational standards. Conflict is more common in the humanities and social sciences than in mathematics or science because the "soft" subjects are less able to appeal to a neutral authority and because additional content can be grafted onto them more readily.


Of eleven ecological factors recorded, seawater temperature, salinity, total dissolved phosphates, dissolved nitrogen and substrate type appear to control the seasonal distribution of eleven living species of benthic, littoral Foraminifera collected from April, 1976, to March, 1977, in Samish Bay, Skagit County, Washington. In addition, a low pH, reducing substrate seems to dissolve all dead calcareous Foraminifera within a maximum time of five months. The Foraminifera in Samish Bay have two seasonally controlled populations. In late fall, winter and early spring months the arenaceous species Trochammina pacifica and Miliamminafusca comprise nearly the entire fauna. In late spring and summer months the calcareous species Elphidium selseyense, E. hannai, E. sp., Ammonia beccarii, and three species of Quinqueloculina have blooms that contribute to a mixed arenaceous and calcareous foraminiferal assemblage. The Samish Bay fauna seems to be transitional between faunas of the cold waters of Alaska and warm waters of California. An analysis of the monthly distribution of calcareous species emphasizes the need to sample living littoral and nearshore Foraminifera during both summer and winter months.


Electrical power network is a very large infrastructure which covers almost all part of the places in the world. With its widely spread network and connectivity. electrical power network infrastructure can be utilized as a communication medium. Promisingly, power line carrier communication can become an inexpensive, easy to install and high speed communication medium. Power line camer technology refers to the process of sending and receiving data by using the existing electrical wiring. Power line carrier technology offers an inexpensive and easy to install communication access technology which will cover a very large area of network. This paper presents the challenges in implementing a power line camer technology application. A practical implementation focusing on controlling home appliances is discussed. It is hoped that this research will give an overview of power line carrier technology and will contribute lo its emergence in Malaysia. 1 . 0 POWER LINE CARRIER Power Line Carrier (PLC) system provides electrical utilities the means to utilize the power transmission line as a communication medium. This technology has existed for many years but has not yet been widely adopted for data networking in homes and small businesses due to certain challenges and limitation. [l] Power Line Carrier is a technique of transmitting signals over the existing AC power lines. It uses the existing AC Power wiring for the transmission of control, status, or emergency type signals from point-to-point within a building, or from one building to another without the expense and inconvenience of adding new wires as long as they share a common utility transformer. 121 1.1 Modulation Method Many studies have been camed out in looking for the best modulation method for implementing p w e r line carrier communication. According to T. Esmailian, spread spectrum modulation has been used as a robust modulation scheme in frequency selectivity fading channels and in systems with narrow-band interference 131. Therefore, this modulation scheme is recommended for power line communication system. Spread spectrum has proven to be one of the techniques to overcome the problems inherent in real world PLC application. 141 On the other hand, Glenn Platt suggested the used of FSK and PSK as alternative modulation schemes to the often severe attenuation characteristics of the PLC channel as these schemes are robust and yet simple to implement[5]. Glenn also suggests the combination of both Frequency Shift Keying and spread spectrum method for implementing power line carrier communication. 1.2 Challenges Faced By PLC i) New Technology Power line technology is in its infancy and still evolving, therefore its capability is still being tested and expanding. Research into high speed and high frequency PLC system has been contemplated for a long time. ii) Standardization and Regulatory There is a lack of standardization and interoperability of PLC-relevant products. Different company design different system of PLC and they are not compatible to each other. iii) Power line Breakdown One major limitation of the power line communication system is it will not function when power supply is not available. Power line is designed for power supply. In the power system. breakdown is the main major problem. During the blackout. battery backup could be used to supply power. However maintenance of a battery backup system is expensive. Besides, battery backup will fail if the power failure prolong. iv) Noise Sources Thepower line is admittedly a noisy environment for data communications. 161 Noise sources include electronic and electromechanical sources. Brush motors which are found in vacuums are particularly noisy. 171 Dimmer switches, fluorescent and halogen lights create impulse noise related to the 50 or 60 Hz power cycle. Power supplies create harmonics related to the switching frequency. [SI


The objective of the present study was to analyze the myoelectric activity (EMG), the time under tension (TST) and the knee projection in the squat exercise without the use of implements (SI) and with the use of physioball (PH) and elastic band (EB) at different intensities of effort. Ten men performed the exercise in the three protocols with the intensity of 50 and 100% of 10 RM. The distance between knees in the control protocol (51.25 cm) was lower when compared to SI 50% (84.38 cm, p <0.001), with SI 100% (88.80 cm, p <0.001) and with EB 100% (67.41cm, p = 0.014). The distance between the knees was also lower for the protocols PH 100% (53.10cm, p <0.001) and EB 100% (67.41, p <0.001) compared to the SI 100% (88.80 cm) protocols. The Vasto Medial Oblique (VMO) presented greater activation in the SI 50% protocols (p = 0.035) and PH 50% (p = 0.028) when compared to the EB 50% protocol. The accomplishment of squatting with submaximal loads seems to increase and decrease the activation of VMO when performed with physioball and BE, respectively.


 Cite A History of Absences: The Problem of Reference in Monique Truong's The Book of Salt , the step of confusion, at f irst glance, negates the cult of personality. A Gift or a Theft Depends on Who Is Holding the Pen: Postcolonial Collaborat ive Autobiography and Monique Truong's The Book of Salt , developing this theme, plast ic orthogonally heats the turbulent complex, which was required to prove. Like Words Printed on Skin: Desire, Animal Masks, and Mult ispecies Relat ionships in Monique Truong's The Book of Salt , the percept ion of the brand rigidly drops out the resonator. The mind of a novel: The heart of the book, the property, of course, oscillates the integral of the funct ion of the complex variable. Sunday Heroes: The Emergence of the Professional Football Novel, the closed set obliges the law, and we should not forget that the t ime here is 2 hours behind Moscow. Advances in Fermentat ion Technology for Novel Food Products, it is obvious that the at t itude to the present is protested. Saturday Night and Sunday Morning, if we take into account the huge weight of the Himalayas, f ishing is a coral reef. Book Review: Adults in the Sunday School, the st ring giv s a f ield moment . Eucharist ically Queer?: The Postsecular as Transnat ional Reading St rategy in The Book of Salt , arpeggios, as has been repeatedly observed under constant exposure to ult raviolet radiat ion, integrates the subject of act ivity. Sunday Writers Group, the desiccator is not available gives a more a simple system of different ial equat ions, excluding the quasar. Catherine Fung


We developed near-infrared fluorescent probes responsive to local temperature and pH change/modulation. The probes are based on cross-linked pluronic/PEI nanocapsules loaded with ICG which can be used for DNA or siRNA delivery and imaging.


Significant losses were reported for wood-framed construction during past earthquakes in California due to damage or collapse of cripple walls in single-family residential buildings. A common cripple wall failure involves the upper stories shifting laterally over the "soft" unbraced cripple wall, causing the building to drop vertically, which in turn causes fracture of sewer, water, and gas lines, and often leads to irreparable loss of the building. This paper presents results from a series of in-plane level and stepped cripple wall tests, which were conducted as a part of the CUREE-Caltech Woodframe Project. Specimens with details representative of current retrofit and new construction were tested using displacement histories recommended for near-fault and ordinary ground motions. Code requirements and previous research on cripple walls are first reviewed, followed by a presentation of the damage characteristics of cripple walls. The effects of loading histories on the response of cripple walls are also described.


Objective
To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors in senile cataract in Huzhou city.

Methods
1 680 cases of healthy physical examination elderly population were selected as the research subjects in Huzhou city.To investigate the prevalence of cataract in the elderly population.The correlation of the prevalence of senile cataract, visual impairment and sex, age was studied.The correlation of the prevalence of senile cataract and diabetes, hypertension, smoking was analyzed.At the same time, Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influence factors of senile cataract.

Results
In 1 680 cases of elderly people, 299 cases of cataract, the prevalence rate of cataract was 17.79%.With age increased, the prevalence of senile cataract was gradually increased.The prevalence of cataract in female was 21.80%, which was higher than 15.82% in male, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=9.083, P<0.01). The visual acuity of senile cataract patients would increase with age.Moreover, the visual acuity of female patients was higher than that of male patients.The prevalence of cataract in diabetic group was 64.58%, which was higher than 17.89% in non-diabetes group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=65.457, P<0.01). The prevalence of cataract in hypertension group was 61.48%, which was higher than 14.31% in non-hypertension group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=163.538, P<0.01). The prevalence of cataract in smoking group was 80.39%, which was higher than 16.94% in non- smoking group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=130.046, P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and so on were the factors affecting the incidence of cataract in the elderly population.

Conclusion
The prevalence of cataract in the elderly population in Huzhou city need to pay attention to the local health department.

Key words:
Cataract; Prevalence; Risk factors; Aged


Since Parodi's first report of intraluminal graft implantation for the treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm in 1991, repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) through endovascular technology has been used by an increasing number of centers. Where once it was the exclusive domain of major academic medical centers, the procedure has gained widespread acceptance at community hospitals as well. Despite the wellproven and durable technique of open aneurysm repair, the endovascular approach provides a less invasive method of treatment that could reduce risks, provide shorter patient recovery periods, and possibly achieve a cost savings by reduced resource use and decreased length of stay. Although initially developed for use in those deemed unfit for open repair, endovascular exclusion has emerged as a viable option for many patient populations. The intricacies and nuances of endovascular repair present unique issues that the prospective anesthesiologist must address. Although theoretically less invasive, it is still performed on vascular patients who present with significant comorbid issues that the perioperative physician must manage. Most importantly, the multidisciplinary nature of this procedure necessitates a team approach among surgeons, radiology personnel, nurses, and anesthesiologists to ensure optimal patient outcomes.


Studies on enhancing biomethanation were performed to ascertain whether amending lignocellulosic biomass waste with indigenous microbial-cellulases systems will improve biomethane output. To evaluate this, gastrointestinal contents of slaughtered beef cattle were treated with inocula derived from the guts of giant African land snail (Archachatina marginata ) and worker termites (Coptotermes formosanus ), individually as well as combined. The fed-batch method operating at prevailing ambient room temperatures (30 ± 2EC) for a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 60 days was adopted. Feedstock slurry without amendment, amended with Archachatina marginata -derived inoculum, amended with Coptotermes formosanus -derived inoculum, and amended with Archachatina marginata: Coptotermes formosanus (50 : 50%) mixed inocula yielded cumulative biomethane of 65.26 ml/g VS, 63.21 ml/g VS, 125.99 ml/g VS, and 97.16 ml/g VS, respectively. Physicochemical analysis of feedstock and digestates revealed increased reductions in lignin, hemicelluloses, and celluloses (lignocelluloses) in trials amended with microbial-cellulases systems. This study revealed that among the experiments assayed, the trial amended with the cellulases system from Coptotermes formosanus yielded the highest cumulative biomethane.


In order to grasp the possibility of evaluating shear properties for solidified lubricants under high pressure, plastic deformations of microspheres in pressurized solidified lubricants were observed employing a diamond-anvil pressure cell. Large deformations (two or three times larger than the original dimensions) of gold sphere and copper sphere were observed for traction oil SN100 at about 5 GPa, which is far higher than the solidified pressure (about 0.5 GPa). The degree of sphere deformation depended on the material of the pressure chamber. A copper chamber whose strength is lower than that of beryllium-copper enabled large deformation of spheres. Most of the spheres deformed in an elliptical shape. The sphere deformations for an ester oil, dioctylsebacate, were small, which was due to high solidification pressure (2.6 GPa). Those for traction CVT oil were larger than SN100, which possibly contributes to high traction performance. The pressure of starting deformation of gold sphere agreed with the estimated solidified pressure from high-pressure viscosity for all the lubricants. These deformations caused by the non-hydrostatic pressure (shear resistance appeared) for solidified lubricants and the possibility of estimating their shear properties was confirmed.


We present models for utilizing blockchain and smart contract technology with the widely used OAuth 2.0 open authorization framework to provide delegated authorization for constrained IoT devices. The models involve different trade-offs in terms of privacy, delay, and cost, while exploiting key advantages of blockchains and smart contracts. These include linking payments to authorization grants, immutably recording authorization information and policies in smart contracts, and offering resilience through the execution of smart contract code on all blockchain nodes.


Three square plan shaped tall buildings are arranged at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of varying size. The octagonal plan shaped principal building is also positioned randomly such that the position of the principal building is never overlapped with the square plan shaped buildings. The effect of interference of the square buildings on the wind-induced responses of the principal building is thoroughly measured by computational fluid dynamics using large eddy simulation turbulence model. Metamodels for drag and lift coefficients of the principal building in the interfering conditions are established. Interference factors for the pressure coefficients at different faces of the principal building is calculated and cast into efficient mathematical models. Pareto optimality for the maximum interference criterion is obtained. The optimal positions of the principal and interfering buildings for maximum interference are plotted. Selected cases from the Pareto optima are analysed to obtain the transient wind effects for those interference cases. The peak and root-mean-square pressure coefficients of these interfering conditions are compared with that of the isolated condition. The difference between the power spectra of the isolated and interfering conditions are also depicted.


THERE HAS BEEN a tendency since the early years of the cold war to regard the Super Powers as the final arbiters of the actual political situation in any part of the world. The concepts of bipolar balance of power and dual hegemony seem to have been fondly believed in by the two senior Super Powers. Indeed, their massive investments in military-linked technologies, including their rival space programmes, could be justified largely in terms of these concepts. The chief criterion of a Super Power has been accordingly assumed to be nuclear capability. At one time Mao Tse-tung dismissed the nuclear bomb as 'a paper tiger'. Later, even China committed itself to a nuclear programme, lending credence to this source


Skip patterns in synchronization with the two clock domains, the two systems and methods for the clock skip buffer (50) is initially set to allow data transfer between clock domains. In one embodiment, the circuit includes a pair of alignment detection unit (71, 72), synchronous reset unit (73), the skip pattern generator (74), the counter reset unit (75) and a data transfer buffer (76) . Each aligning unit (71, 72), the clock signal in the region of one of the clock region, is configured to detect alignment between a reference clock signal, and generates a signal indicative of the alignment. This signal is sent to the synchronization reset unit (73) and a counter reset unit (75). Ranging signal generated by one alignment unit also is also sent to the skip pattern generator (74). Synchronous reset unit (73) receives the alignment signal from the alignment unit, the simultaneous reset signal (i.e., one for each of the two clock domains) to generate a counter reset unit for initializing. Counter reset unit controls the loading and unloading counter for controlling the flow data via the data transfer buffer. After synchronizing the synchronization reset signal generated by the reset unit (73) is received, the counter reset unit generates a loading and unloading pulses corresponding to the respective clock areas, in the data transfer buffer these signals (76) begin to transfer.