The exponential growth of data transmission, estimated at approximately 25%–50% yearover-year, primarily driven by on-demand content, bandwidth-hungry mobile apps, highdefinition video streaming, and new cloud-based IT applications. Traditional optical transport systems with capacity of 10 Gbps per channel are unable to keep up with the massive scale and unpredictable traffic patterns and hence techniques to increase optical bandwidth per channel within the same optical fiber efficiently and economically is the only viable solution for next generation data transmission systems.


Presently college security is faced with new situations and tasks.It has to change traditional views,put services into management,extend security antenna,strengthen the quality construction,transform passivity into initiative,defence into thrust,status into dynamic state,change alarm into early warning,implementation into research.Only in this way can the initiative of college security be tightly seized,and the quality and level be promoted continuously.


Improving educational quality has been the focus of many investigations in this century. Plenty of these have been developed from the Effective Teaching line of research, which has evolved along with the political, technological and social conditions of students and educational actors. Constant change is the main rival for teachers, this propitiates that the teaching practices that work, cease to be useful, rather than those that did not work, begin to favor learning; and others are reaffirmed over time. The objective of this study was to identify effective teaching practices reported in empirical studies in this century, through revision, coding and classification, based on the Danielson framework, expanded by Gutiérrez-Anguiano [1]. The main inputs obtained were the recognition of the predominance of quantitative methodology, the abundant study in higher education, the hegemonic study in America, the exponential development of 2000 to present days, the overcoming of the diffusion in the English language versus Spanish, and the supremacy of classroom teaching and climate dimensions versus planning and preparation, professional responsibilities and the evaluation of teacher learning.


This guide is designed to support care home organisations who wish to implement Namaste Care. It should be read together with its partner guide: 'Guidance for Namaste Workers: Delivering Namaste Care'. This guide focuses on supporting care home organisations to plan, deliver and evaluate Namaste Care for their residents. The Namaste Workers' guide addresses the details of running Namaste Care sessions. These guidance documents have been developed following a 3-year research project and as such are based in the experience of care home organisations and practitioners. Selected quotes or examples from their practice are used throughout. To read the full research project report go to: www.worc.ac.uk/dementia This guidance is not intended to replace the original book: Simard, J (2013) "The end of life Namaste Care program for people with dementia." In addition, St Christopher's Hospice have developed a toolkit for Namaste Care which is also a valuable resource.It is available at: www.stchristophers.org.uk


Cancers are often intrinsically resistant or become resistant to treatment with conventional chemotherapy. This broad-spectrum resistance results in large part,but not solely,from overexpression of a variety of members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily of transport proteins. ABCG2 (ABCP/MXR/BCRP),as a half ABC transporter,is a novel member of the ABC membrane transporters,which can actively transport a wide spectrum of drugs with varying chemical structures or cellular targets. ABCG2 is overexpressed in the intestine,liver,placenta,and the blood-brain barrier,where it plays a role in protecting the organs from potentially harmful ingested toxins. Moreover,ABCG2 is also highly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells,it seems that ABCG2 has a key function in stem cell regulation or protection from a variety of xenobiotics. Multiple of SNP (single nucleotide polymorphisms) in ABCG2 may affect absorption and distribution,altering the effectiveness and toxicity of drugs in patients. Like other members of the ABC transporter superfamily,such as MDR1 and MRP1,ABCG2 is expressed in a variety of malignancies. Overexpression of ABCG2 in tumor cells confers cancer multidrug resistance to a variety of newly developed anticancer drugs including mitoxantrone,topotecan,epirubicin,anthracyclines and camptothecins. Furthermore,ABCG2 are advocated for use as potentially selectable markers in stem cell based gene therapy. Given the profound impact of ABCG2 on multidrug resistance in tumor cells and on in vivo pharmacology and toxicology,a complete understanding of the mechanism and biological function of ABCG2 will be important for understanding its normal physiology as well as potentially for the development of novel chemotherapeutic treatment strategies. The discovery,the biochemistry,the normal physiology and the current insight of human ABCG2 were introduced.


In this work, we simultaneously reanalyzed the differential elastic scattering cross-sections ([Formula: see text]) and the vector analyzing power ([Formula: see text]) of [Formula: see text]He elastic scattering. This analysis was performed using the folded optical model for both real central and spin-orbit (SO) potentials, respectively. For the imaginary central, we used the usual Woods-Saxon (WS) form. Three different model density distributions are used to calculate the potential. We aimed to examine the applicability of the microscopically derived SO potential and the structure effect of 6He nucleus. The presence of the [Formula: see text] experimental data of [Formula: see text]He makes it interesting for this study. Our calculations showed that the three densities gave similar predictions for the cross-sections data. The three microscopic SO potentials calculations of [Formula: see text] are not in a good agreement with the experimental data. We concluded that the SO formalism in its current form needs more investigations for exotic halo nuclei.


Introduction In previous functional MRI researches, less attention was paid on the cognitive functions of the cerebellum and the connection between the cerebellum and cerebrum. However, more and more studies pointed out that cerebellum takes part in many other brain activities and even in high cognitive functions. In this study, we tried to parcel out the functional assemblies in spatial domain and in power spectrum within cerebellum and their corresponding connections to cerebrum regions based on one combined process of data-driven singular value decomposition (SVD) and seed-selected method. Method Data of resting-state fMRI scan acquired from fifty-six participants (f/m=26/30) was separated into 28 anatomical regions in cerebellum according to the structure based on the Spatially Unbiased Infra-Tentorial template. And the SVD method was applied into the data to extract the useful fluctuations that have eigenvalue above noise-level. All the selected singular vectors were used to investigate the functional networks between cerebellum and cerebrum. Then all the significant BOLD correlation maps were separated into several groups based on the similarity among individual singular vectors and correlation maps. The fALFF of the singular vectors in power-spectrum was calculated among those groups.


A Rh negative, pregnant female presented to a major medical center for possible Rh alloimmunization. This female had nine previous pregnancies, including three spontaneous abortions, four live births, and two fetal demises. Because of poor prenatal care, the immunization Rh immune globulin was administered to only the first two pregnancies. After much laboratory testing and treatment, this tenth pregnancy also ended in fetal demise. ETIOLOGY OF HDN Erythroblastosis fetalis, more commonly known as hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), is an immune response disorder. It is caused mostly in pregnancies with blood incompatibilities, such as ABO or Rh, with Rh being the most common. It occurs in approximately 10% of pregnancies.1 The fetal red blood cells (RBCs), contain an antigen such as A, B, or D that the mother's red blood cells do not have. For example, an Rh− woman who has no D antigen present on her RBCs is pregnant with an Rh+ fetus that does have the D antigen present on its RBCs. The four most common antibodies are anti-D, anti-c, anti-E, and anti-Kell, which is the highest significance clinically.2 In this case study, the antibody of concern is anti-D, which is associated with Rh incompatibility. This is determined by the mother's rising IDAT testing of anti-D antibodies. According to Dr Lopez-Plaza, only 17% of Rh− mothers will become immunized if exposed to fetal Rh+ cells.3 This often happens when the placenta breaks from the mother's uterus during delivery because fetal RBCs can enter maternal circulation. When the… ABBREVIATIONS: HDN = hemolytic disease of the newborn; IDAT = indirect anti-globulin test; IUFT = intrauterine fetal transfusion; PUBS = percutaneous umbilical blood sample; RBC = red blood cells.


Ten varieties of lentil i.e., DPL 15, DPL 58, DPL 62, PL 4, PL 406, PL 639, VL 1, JL 1, K 75 and Ranjan were subjected to soaking and cooking and the changes in dietary fibre, protein and lectin contents occurring during the processing were studied. The dietary fiber components of lentil viz., cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and pectin changed reasonably during soaking and cooking of grain. Cellulose content increased by 16.7% during soaking followed by cooking of lentils, whereas hemicellulose content decreased by 9.1%. Lignin recorded an increase of 19.4% during soaking and cooking of lentils. Pectins, a soluble dietary fiber showed a reduction of 18.4% during soaking, which increased during cooking. An increase of 17.0% in soluble protein of lentils was observed during soaking and cooking of grain, which was significant at soaking as well as cooking stages of processing. Lectins contents decreased significantly during cooking and a loss of 94.0% in lectin content was observed. Pressure cooking, however caused complete destruction of lectins in all the genotypes of lentils. Dietary fiber and proteins have positive health advantages, whereas lectins although responsible for resistance against pests, should be removed before consumption.


In 1965,l and 1966,2 it was reported that patients with acoustic neurinomas had high concentrations of protein (5 to 15 times normal) in the perilymphatic fluid. Recently Silverstein: using immunoelectrophoresis and immunodihsion techniques postulated that the increased protein levels represented an accumulation of blood serum proteins in the perilymph. He felt that the acoustic neurinoma impaired the physiological activity of the inner ear vessels which resulted in leakage of serum proteins into the perilymph. Venous stasis secondary to tumor compression was probably not a factor since most veins in the labyrinth drain into the vein at the cochlear aqueduct and not through the internal auditory canal. This finding of increased perilymph protein concentration has been used as an aid in the diagnosis of small acoustic tumors where there is no radio1oP;ical evidence ear fluid has been previously described.5-7 Samples of inner ear fluid, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and tumor tissue, were collected and fresh frozen from nine patients undergoing a translabyrinthine removal of acoustic neurinoma (patients 1 to 6 were from MEEI and patients 7 to 9 from Oulu Clinic). Samples were also obtained from one patient with a posterior fossa meningioma (Oulu Clinic). Prior to the electrophoresis the tumor tissue was homogenated with distilled water and then weighed. All samples were analyzed at Oulu University.


The invention discloses a dual-three-dimensional-anti-fake film. The dual-three-dimensional-anti-fake film comprises a nanometer lens anti-fake layer and a magnetic anti-fake layer. The nanometer lens anti-fake layer is formed by a nanometer lens layer and a focal length layer. The upper surface of the nanometer lens layer is formed by a plurality of continuous semi-cylindrical nanometer protrusions arranged in parallel. The focal length layer is arranged below the nanometer lens layer. The thickness of the focal length layer is a half of the curvature radius of the semi-cylindrical nanometer protrusions. The magnetic anti-fake layer is arranged below the focal length layer and is formed by curing transparent resin and magnetic sheets scattered in the curing transparent resin. The magnetic sheets are used for changing the luminous reflectance and/or the reflecting direction according to the directions of the magnetic sheets to display three-dimensional patterns. According to the dual-three-dimensional-anti-fake film, dual-three-dimensional-anti-fake patterns are formed through nanometer lenses and the optical reflection effect of the magnetic sheets at different angles, the pattern effect is more colorful, copying is difficult, and the anti-fake effectiveness is higher.


Introduction Portugal began the gradual implementation of a prospective payment system using DRGs in 1989 and 6 grouper updates were adopted until the present date. For a given hospital it is expected that the DRG cost weight equals the expected cost of inlier LOS for that DRG. One of the main advantages of using casemix adjustment is that discrimination can be introduced in specific DRGs in order to value them differently than the expected cost. It seems to be consensual that costs should be determined at patient level, thus requiring a direct costing approach. The difficulty on obtaining this level of cost detail moved away its implementation in several countries including Portugal. Indirect costing approach using a step-down methodology was gradually implemented in Portugal. Despite data availability, methodology in use presents relevant limitations such as the small level of cost disaggregation and the absence of linkage between cost centers and standardized production centers. Although government sets DRG tariffs regularly, inpatient production payment is determined by the base price set under commissioning contract multiplied by the average casemix of the specific institution verified in a defined year. Four different base prices are defined depending on hospital structural characteristics. The main objective of the study was to define a standardized method to cost hospital inpatient production reflecting the relative weights of DRG tariffs in force and to compare the results obtained with the prospective hospital funding method currently used in Portugal.


The article focused on small and medium-sized enterprises of our country,for the initiative innovation and imitative innovation to follow these two kinds of technology innovation mode,applying the method of game theory,analysis showed that the optimal mode of our country small and medium-sized enterprise technology innovation is to follow the imitation innovation mode,and puts forward some rational and objective suggestions for reference.


In the presence of multiple mirror servers that can serve the same information, clients can improve their performance when downloading large files by concurrently retrieving different parts of the file from different servers. In previous work, experiments with a single client have shown the potential for parallel downloading schemes to improve the performance perceived by this single client. We consider the question of what happens when parallel downloading is widely adopted within the Internet. To that end we start with an experimental evaluation of various parallel downloading schemes and their performance from the perspective of a single client. We use these results as a benchmark for a set of simulations in which we investigate the performance of parallel downloading when performed by multiple clients. We find that, because parallel downloading incurs additional overhead as a result of its use of more network connections, large-scale use of this technique can actually lead to overall degradation of the performance experienced by clients. Further, we uncover a "fairness" tradeoff in that any performance improvement experienced by clients performing parallel downloading comes at the expense of clients who simply go to a single server to retrieve files.


College Chinese has obvious aesthetic characteristics not only in ideological content but also in artistic quality which provides a lot of materials for aesthetic education.We should foster students' healthy personality,cultivate students' aesthetic taste and arouse students' learning interest and enthusiasm by means of analyzing the aesthetic emotions in teaching materials.


The present invention relates to mitigating the effects of audio interruption by adaptively audio playback automatically and quickly, particularly to provide an audio playback system and buffering the interrupt, the system includes a main audio source for reproduction of the main audio content and an auxiliary aid for reproducing audio content The audio source. Processing means for detecting an interrupt event, the interrupt event comprises an auxiliary audio source reproduction secondary audio content with the primary priority audio source. The processor is responsive to the output of the interrupt event is not the primary audio content of the utterance. Buffer for buffering audio content from the primary audio source during the interrupt event. After the interrupt event said buffered audio content by the processor to accelerate the playback speed reproduction to the user.


Insomnia is a frequent problem in acutely hospitalized older adults, particularly in those suffering from polymorbidity and treated by polypharmacy. The aim of our study was to describe the prevalence of insomna and patterns of inappropriately prescribed hypnosedatives in acutely hospitalized older patients in the Czech Republic.

 438 patients (≥65 yrs) acutely hospitalized at 3 geriatric clinics (Brno, Hradec Králové, Praha) in the Czech Republic underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) using the EUROAGEISM H2020 assessment protocols. Descriptive statistics was used to determine the prevalence of insomnia and use of hypnosedatives. Explicit criteria of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), mainly 2019 Beers criteria and 2015 EU(7)-PIM list were applied to determine inappropriate patterns of hypnosedatives use.

 16.9% (N = 74) seniors had diagnosed insomnia in their medical records, but 34,6% used hypnosedatives in the evening or at night (e/n). 13.8% reported e/n use of drugs aggravating insomnias (particularly beta-blockers- 6.4%, diuretics-2.5% and theophylline- 2.1%). Most frequent hypnosedatives used were: antipsychotics e/n (18.5%), Z-drugs (16,2%) and benzodiazepines e/n (BZD, 14,2%). Non-geriatric doses were determined in users of Z-drugs (10.5%) and sedative antidepressants e/n (1,8%), longer than recommended geriatric duration of therapy has been described for Z-drugs (5.9%,>1 month), BZDs e/n (5,3%,>1 month) and sedative antidepressants e/n (3,3%, >6 months). In total, 1PIM was prescribed to 7.5% of seniors (N = 33), 2PIMs to 2.5% and 3PIMs to 1,1% of seniors. Combination of hypnotics and other sedative drugs was documented in 5.9% of cases.

 Inappropriate patterns of hypnosedative use in acutely hospitalized seniors in the Czech Republic at geriatric clinics were found particularly in excessive indication of antipsychotics e/n, inappropriate dosing of Z-drugs and long-term use of BZDs e/n. Supported by: InoMed project (reg. No: CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_069/0010046, 2019–2022), EUROAGEISM H2020-MCSF-ITN-764632 project, PROGRESS Q42 Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, SVV 260417.


This paper discusses a new field in chemistry study: the application of chemistry knowledge in the protection of cultural relics. The chemical principles and methods in the study of preservation and protection of cultural relics are introduced in details,concerning the conservation, exploration survey, identification and textual research etc.


In this paper, geometry of artificial muscle which moves forearm of robotic arm is described. We have chosen configuration which is driven with one actuator (motor, gear and winch), to check the possibility of the implementation of the desired motion. The analysis of the geometry of the selected mechanism is the first step and very important step to establish the structural stability of the artificial muscle system, which implies the possibility of the implementation of the desired motion.


Accurate high-resolution terrain data are essential for hydrological modeling in lowlands. This study integrates elevation survey data and vegetation data at the point and 50 m scales to develop a fine-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) for the northern Everglades of Florida. The terrain was divided into two vertical strata (lowland and highland) based on a 50 m scale vegetation map. The DEM in highlands was interpolated with all the survey points and later adjusted using an association between vegetation and hydroperiod (the number of days per year that land is flooded). The DEM in lowlands was interpolated with elevation surveys tagged as lowland types. The two DEMs were then combined, forming a new DEM with a 7.7 cm mean absolute validation error—a significant (2.3 cm) improvement over the previous DEM.


Background: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a virus which infects yearly more than 1.5 million persons worldwide and is usually spread through contaminated food and water. Most HAV infection in children under the six years of age are asymptomatic and they develop lifelong immunity. However, HAV infection in older children and adults often symptomatic with development of jaundice, nausea, vomiting, poor appetite, fever, fatigue, abdominal pain, etc. most of those infected patients usually fully recovering from HAV infection naturally within 2 months, it has not been a cause for major concern of public health). With more and more patients suffering from hepatitis A, there is also increase in the number of patients suffering from unusual presentation of HAV infection also. Most hepatitis A patients tend to recover from the illness natural without any complications; however, there are occasions of serious complications among adult hepatitis A patients such as extrahepatic manifestation, acute renal failure, cholestatic hepatitis, relapsing hepatitis, prolonged course and even fulminant hepatic failure. Cholestatic hepatitis accounts for between 0.8 - 5.2% of hepatitis. Together with increasingly more cases of hepatitis A being reported, the number of patients who have cholestatic hepatitis arising from hepatitis A also has increased. The current treatment for hepatitis A is usually symptomatic treated by sufficient nutrition, vitamin supply and sufficient rest. There are also no special treatments for cholestatic hepatitis, with conservative treatment being used. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and cholestyramine and antihistamines are used to treat skin itching caused by cholestatic hepatitis; however, there are occasions where symptoms of cholestatic hepatitis are so severe and prolong that required the use of corticosteroids to shorten the duration of symptoms and reduce hospitalization.as to call for liver transplantation. Aim: Is to show the effectiveness of corticosteroids in shorten the duration of severe symptoms and shorten hospitalization in patient with prolong severe cholestatic symptoms of acute hepatitis A virus infection.


Distributed machine learning has been widely used in recent years to tackle the large and complex dataset problem. Therewith, the security of distributed learning has also drawn increasing attentions from both academia and industry. In this context, federated learning (FL) was developed as a"secure"distributed learning by maintaining private training data locally and only public model gradients are communicated between. However, to date, a variety of gradient leakage attacks have been proposed for this procedure and prove that it is insecure. For instance, a common drawback of these attacks is shared: they require too much auxiliary information such as model weights, optimizers, and some hyperparameters (e.g., learning rate), which are difficult to obtain in real situations. Moreover, many existing algorithms avoid transmitting model gradients in FL and turn to sending model weights, such as FedAvg, but few people consider its security breach. In this paper, we present two novel frameworks to demonstrate that transmitting model weights is also likely to leak private local data of clients, i.e., (DLM and DLM+), under the FL scenario. In addition, a number of experiments are performed to illustrate the effect and generality of our attack frameworks. At the end of this paper, we also introduce two defenses to the proposed attacks and evaluate their protection effects. Comprehensively, the proposed attack and defense schemes can be applied to the general distributed learning scenario as well, just with some appropriate customization.


This paper proposes a defragmentation scheme considering the link congestion. The proposed scheme avoids the congested links when a lightpath is rerouted, which distributes the traffic across the network and reduces the blocking probability.


The objective of this study was evaluate the prevalence of HIV in a group of users of Anhanguera highway – SP 330, in a Truck driver Project, a partnership among Secretaria da Saúde, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, CRT-AIDS, Intervias concessionaire and Araras University. The samples were tested by ELISA reactions (Organon-Tecnika e Murex-Abbott) with confirmation of positive or indetermined results by IFI and Western-Blot techniques. Of 1844 tested individuals, 15 (0,9%) were HIV positive, all of them truck drivers.


This paper proposes a new analysis of Internally-Headed Relative Clauses (IHRC) in Japanese in Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG) which defines IHRC in terms of the feature specification of the main predicate. IHRC is characterized as a special type of headcomplement structure, in which the predicate has highly marked ARG-ST and VAL features corresponding to IHRC. Motivated by diachronic and synchronic data, the proposed analysis also suggests a way to accommodate the constructional elusiveness of IHRC.


An interactive videodisc program on the process of administering medications to clients will be demonstrated. Discussion will center on the strengths and limitations of interactive video for teaching psychomotor skills to healthcare professionals as well as design modifications that will facilitate this process.

Interactive videodisc technology provides an exciting new medium for teaching psychomotor clinical skills to health care professionals. It is a particularly valuable approach for complex skills which involve visualization of motor activities and extensive client assessments.


One kind of disposable module knee joint spacer device (1), comprising a tibial element (2, 2 ', 2 ") and a femoral element (4, 4', 4"), the tibial element (2, 2 ' , 2 ") can be restricted in the vicinity of the knee joint to the end portion of the tibia, and a tibial element (2, 2 ', 2") comprises an upper surface (16,16 R2 has a radius of curvature', 16 ") and a lower surface (7); femoral element (4, 4 ', 4 ") comprising an inner surface (14) and a convex outer surface (15, 15', 15"), an inner surface (14) can be limited to the knee joint to the end portion of the convex outer surface of the femur (15, 15 ', 15 ") is provided with a radius of curvature R1 and the tibial element (2, 2', 2" on the surface) (16, 16 ', 16 ") in contact with the tibial element (2, 2 ', 2 ") and a femoral element (4, 4', 4") having various dimensions or size, the tibial element (2, 2 ', 2 ") of the femoral element and configured to any size, (4,4 ', 4 ") coupled to the module that the spacer device (1) is adapted to the modular size of the spacer means (1) the size of the bone ends to be connected.


We present a detailed analysis of the unjamming transition in 2D frictionless disk packings using a static correlation function that has been widely used to study disordered systems. We show that this point-to-set (PTS) correlation function exhibits a dominant length scale that diverges as the unjamming transition is approached through decompression. In addition, we identify deviations from mean-field predictions, and present detailed analysis of the origin of non-mean-field behavior. A mean-field bulk-surface argument is reviewed. Corrections to this argument are identified, which lead to a change in the functional form of the critical PTS boundary size R0. An entropic description of the origin of the correlations is presented, and simple rigidity assumptions are shown to predict the functional form of R0 as a function of the pressure P.


Despite recent empirical and modeling advances, atmospheric CO2 concentrations during the early Pleistocene remain uncertain. Using a recently‐developed Bayesian paleoclimate model, an ensemble of seven different CO2 records is inferred conditional on reconstructions of past sea level. Five ensemble members give a consensus prediction that CO2 concentrations averaged 241 ppm (238–245 ppm 95% CI) between 2 and 0.8 Ma. Uncertainty estimates account for contributions from orbital forcing, age uncertainties, and other factors. Our consensus prediction aligns well with a compilation of previously published δ11B‐based CO2 reconstructions after calibration to late‐Pleistocene ice‐core CO2 values, as well as with 60 early‐Pleistocene CO2 measurements from the Allan Hills in East Antarctica. Our consensus prediction can be definitively tested by obtaining continuous ice‐core atmospheric CO2 records that extend into the early Pleistocene.


The effect of amplitude-phase multistability in the Dicke model inside a coherently driven cavity is discussed for the case of large Rabi frequencies and a small rate of atomic decay, compared with the decay of the cavity mode. The quantum and semiclassical interpretations of the predicted effect are given on the basis of the Tavis-Cummings model and a proposed model of weakly coupled harmonic oscillators. The analytical solution is obtained for a two-atom system. The possibility of observing amplitude-phase multistability is also considered


The utility model relates to a pause-free unfolding device and a mechanical stretching device of a movable sofa. The pause-free unfolding device of the movable sofa is composed of a leg driving connecting piece, a first limiting pushing connecting piece, a before-unfolding swinging limiter, a second limiting pushing connecting piece, a rear swinging limiter, a transmission connecting piece, a third limiting pushing connecting piece, a limiting pushing sliding chute block and a before-folding swinging limiter, wherein the leg driving connecting piece is rotationally connected with the first limiting pushing connecting piece; the transmission connecting piece is rotationally connected with the second limiting pushing connecting piece; the second limiting pushing connecting piece is rotationally connected with the first limiting pushing connecting piece and the third limiting pushing connecting piece; the rear swinging limiter is fixed on the third limiting pushing connecting piece and is arranged in a limiting pushing sliding chute; the before-unfolding swinging limiter is fixed on the second limiting pushing connecting piece and is matched with a front swinging connecting piece; the rear swinging limiter is matched with a rear swinging connecting piece. The pause-free unfolding device is simple in structure, convenient to use as well as pause-free and safe in unfolding.


Aim: The aim of this article is to investigate the interdependence between adolescent and adult students' anxiety and their foreign language speaking achievements. It has been proved that there is no correlation between adolescent learners' anxiety and their speaking attainments in a foreign language as well as that there is a weak correlation between adult students' anxiety and their speaking achievements.
Method: The author of the study employed quantitative research. Data was collected from anxiety questionnaires completed by the students and from achievement sheets filled in by the English teacher based on five-minute speeches performed by adolescent and adult students.
Conclusion: According to the research results, there is no interdependence between adolescent students' anxiety and their speaking attainments and the correlation between adult students' anxiety and their speaking achievements is weak. Nevertheless, a number of other studies revealed the interdependence between students' anxiety and their speaking attainments. Therefore, limitations of the study should be born in mind, and the results of the following study can be applied only to the subjects participating in the study. Hence, it is relevant to repeat the study with larger samples of subjects.


EDITOR,—In their editorial on immunisation against chickenpox Lainie Friedman Ross and John D Lantos fail to recognise that chickenpox is more severe in the tropics than in temperate climes.1 The reason for this lies in the differences in the age specific incidence of chickenpox …


Fiducials imprinted on laser beams are used to perform video image based alignment of the 192 laser beams in the National Ignition Facility (NIF) of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. In many video images, matched filtering is used to detect the location of these fiducials. Generally, the highest correlation peak is used to determine the position of the fiducials. However, when the signal to-be-detected is very weak compared to the noise, this approach totally breaks down. The highest peaks act as traps for false detection. The active target images used for automatic alignment in the National Ignition Facility are examples of such images. In these images, the fiducials of interest exhibit extremely low intensity and contrast, surrounded by high intensity reflection from metallic objects. Consequently, the highest correlation peaks are caused by these bright objects. In this work, we show how the shape of the correlation is exploited to isolate the valid matches from hundreds of invalid correlation peaks, and therefore identify extremely faint fiducials under very challenging imaging conditions.


This paper studied how to identify the cashmere and wool fibers by scale density. The scale density is extracted in frequency domain. The theory of extracting scale density and image preprocessing are given in this paper. The samples are 100 cashmere images and 100 wool images. The recognition rate is above 83% by SVM cross validation. The result reveals that scale density is a valid feature in identifying the cashmere and wool fiber.


In most cases, a collaboration system needs to be a system of communicating systems that exchange service requests and responses in order to share data and processing resources. Such inter-system communication typically depends on open standards, including TCP/IP and HTTP and other standards. If the component systems need to communicate simple or complex geospatial data and services, the framework of open standards almost always includes OGC Web Services (OWS) standards from the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). When properly implemented by developers, OGC standards enable different location-enabled software systems to interoperate, despite the complexity and heterogeneity of geoprocessing systems. Even simple latitude/longitude coordinates can be encoded in many different ways. Geoprocessing systems include geographic information systems, navigation systems, Earth imaging systems, spatial databases, climate models, sensor webs, location services, map browsers and others.


This chapter discusses the most important challenges in the perioperative phase of the oncology patient undergoing surgery of the gastrointestinal tract. "ecause of the aging population, the surgeon is ever more confronted with frail patients at risk for an adverse surgical outcome. The chapter therefore reviews factors contributing to an impaired postoperative outcome such as sarcopenia, frailty, cachexia, and malnutrition and gives an insight into their pathophysiology. Next, it provides an overview of validated preoperative classiication systems to identify the patients at risk for surgical compli‐ cations. Furthermore, it discusses the most essential recommendations of standardized care for patients undergoing hepatopancreaticobiliary, gastric, and colorectal surgery. Special atention is paid to the use of clinical pathways in the perioperative phase that are aimed at a multimodal approach of reducing surgical morbidity by lowering the perioperative physiological and psychological stress. Recent literature is discussed regarding care in the intensive care unit, and the inal paragraph focuses on improving postoperative outcome by means of prehabilitation or exercise as well as dietary interventions and optimized nutrition. © 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


Hospitality is one of the most important components of tourism industry. In many regions the hospitality industry thrives only due to the presence of tourism. The service providers add facilities and features so as to attract and retain customer base. The hospitality industry of Katra township of JK and their satisfaction level by finding the extent to which the pilgrims' expectations are met. The paper also examines the difference between male and female level of expectation and satisfaction.


Abstract Education policy proposals by the UK Coalition government appeared to be based on a process of consultation, participation and representation. However, policy formation seems to prioritise and confirm particular ways of knowing and being in the world. This article recognises the ontological and epistemological invalidation at work in education policy by examining the shared context for policy formation in special educational needs (SEN/D) and art and design education. There is value in recognising plurality, acknowledging the ways in which apparently singular policies relating to special education are understood through subject or disciplinary perspectives. The neoliberal aim to foster an economically productive 'subject' is evident in policy formation relating to art and design education as well as SEN/D. Both subjects, the disabled child and art and design education, are defined as excessive and are excluded where they do not conform to particular notions of productivity. The article explores theoretical frameworks that are essential for recognising meaning in education when subjects cannot be put to work.


The earliest written record of the term "Kaxabu" dates to the 1908 survey report by the Japanese scholar Inō Kanori. In his study of the Pazzehe tribe in central Taiwan, he wrote: "Kaxabu was the name given by the Pazzehe to Daiyao'puru, a small division of its ethnic group." During the Qing era, the Pazzehe was called the Anli group by Chinese speakers in Taiwan, while the Kaxabu were named Puzili she (the Puzili tribe). Since the Kaxabu originated from the Pazzehe, thus in determining the time when the Kaxabu became distinct from the Pazzehe and in exploring the differences between them, we will also elucidate historical developments before the Japanese colonial era. Using Qing historical materials such as travelogues, expedition records, newspapers, data from fieldwork, surveys, and interviews, this study traces the intervention of the Qing court into tribal relationships in central Taiwan, beginning with the Dajiaxi she Incident (1731–32), it touches on the changing environment of the Kaxabu/Puzili she in their migrations in order to shed light on the development of the two distinctive identities—the Kaxabu and Pazzehe/Anli group. The analysis also reveals the impact of uprisings and migrations upon the border area surrounding Qing Taiwan, as well as problems of ethnic identification and geography.


As physicians involved in helping to interpret a large number of serologic tests, Dr. Christine Litwin and I are continually struck by the lack of basic understanding of serologic principles among clinicians and even infectious disease experts. Overinterpretation of IgG antibody results or equating a positive IgM serology to definite infection are errors that we commonly observe. Given the resurgence of some old congenital and perinatal infections (rubella, syphilis) and the appearance of new ones (HIV, parvovirus B19), we thought it appropriate to review the serologic and DNA-based detection of these serious diseases.


We establish the continuity of the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator on Sobolev spaces W 1,p (R n ), 1 < p < ∞. As an auxiliary tool we prove an explicit formula for the derivative of the maximal function.


This paper presents a two-dimensional description of the temperature field in refractory lining of the hearth in the blast furnace. The mathematical model is based on Fourier differential heat conduction equation. Different solutions of this equation are presented and the optimal quantity and location of thermosensors in the hearth is proposed. This paper also presents a methodology to obtain the heat conductivity of refractory materials.


Everybody considers himself an advertising expert, certainly an expert critic. The real experts are very few. Indeed, that may well be one of the principal handicaps of advertising today. Here is a concrete plan to help dispel some of this ignorance.


AS a source of potential for the production of supervoltage x-rays, a Van de Graaf generator has been in use at the Collis P. Huntington Memorial Hospital for some months, and the present paper is a report of some of the measurements made on the radiation secured from a roentgen tube actuated by this generator. A description of the machine itself has been given previously (4, 12) and need not be repeated in detail. The roentgen tube is in a vertical position with the water-cooled target at ground potential. Originally, the target was a leadplated sheet of copper inclined at about 38° to the horizontal so that radiation could be examined in the vertical direction, that is, at an angle of 0° with the electron beam, or in the horizontal direction at an angle of 90° with the electron beam. This arrangement was soon modified, however, by replacing the 38° lead target by a gold-plated horizontal target so that at present only the vertical radiation is available for experimental purposes. The method of measuring...


In view of the exploration of the solar system, a lot of automatic missions could be proposed. The propulsion system of the interplanetary vehicle is a key element of the system, impacting the launch mass, the useful mass, the mission duration and the vehicle architecture. The mission scenario and especially the trajectory optimisation are an other key element of the success of the mission, strongly linked to the choice of the propulsion system of the vehicle. Therefore an optimisation process, at least, between mission strategy and propulsion system is very helpful in pre-study phase, in order to compare different solutions for a given mission. After a brief review of the main automatic interplanetary missions (past and present) and the propulsion architecture of the relevant space vehicles, this paper will be focused on the optimisation process of an automatic interplanetary mission. The trajectory tools will be described, different propulsion systems, including chemical and solar electric will be compared to each other, the optimisation process and the relevant parameters will be discussed. As an example, a Mars and Venus orbiter missions for 2 class of SEP propulsion system will be treated and compared with a reference scenario using chemical propulsion.


dX t = b Xε t dt+ εdW t t ∈ 0 1 X 0 = x0 ∈ Rd where b is smooth except possibly along the hyperplane x1 = 0, we shall consider the large deviation principle for the law of the solution diffusion process and its occupation time as ε → 0. In other words, we consider P Xε − φ < δ uε − ψ < δ where uε t and ψ t are the occupation times ofXε and φ in the positive half space x ∈ Rd: x1 > 0 , respectively. As a consequence, an unified approach of the lower level large deviation principle for the law of Xε · can be obtained.


Benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloid, zanthoxyline, was synthesized through an intramolecular biaryl coupling reaction of N-naphthylbenzamide derivative using a palladium reagent. Comparison of the NMR data for the synthetic product with that reported previously revealed that the proposed structure was incorrect. Synthesis of the related compounds suggested that the correct structure of zanthoxyline is the previously known decarine.


Phasor measurement units (PMUs) are widely used to monitor the operating conditions of a smart grid. The PMU communication network is, generally, a public wide area network, hence it is vulnerable to cyberattacks. At present, IEEE C37.118.2 is widely used as the communication standard for PMU communication. However, the IEEE C37.118.2 standard does not specify any security mechanism to protect the PMU data from cyberattacks. Deviation in the transmitted data of PMUs may lead to devastating consequences, such as blackouts in the grid. To mitigate cyberattacks on a PMU, this article proposes a security mechanism based on key distribution scheme that ensures integrity along with confidentiality. This mechanism involves addition of new security fields to IEEE C37.118.2 message structure. The introduction of security mechanism imposes additional computational complexity on resource constraint PMU devices and addition of new security fields in PMU message structure increases overall message size which in turn increases communication delays. In order to assess the additional computational complexity and increased communication delays, an experimental set up consisting of PMU simulators and network emulator is developed in this article. The developed PMU simulator generates IEEE C37.118.2 messages with proposed security mechanisms. Results validate the applicability of the proposed security mechanism in PMU networks without any repercussions.


The invention discloses a wood scrap materials recycling process. The process consists of the following twelve process steps of: classifying according to material quality; cleaning edges and removing barks; cutting according to an equal length; performing steam drying; smoothly planing wood; gluing and splicing; performing die pressing molding; demoulding and detecting; filling a vacancy; performing board cutting molding; performing tenoning finger joint; and performing wood planing molding. By the process, a production process is simple, uniform wet swelling and drying shrinkage can be performed on machined and molded line materials or lines, cracking deformation phenomena are prevented, performance indexes such as air-dry density, intensity, rigidity and the like are similar to those of positive materials, waste materials can be recycled, the utilization rate and utilization levels are relatively high, waste is made profitable, and resources can be saved and utilized; production cost can be reduced, and improvement on economical benefits is facilitated; and the process can be widely applied to recycling of scrap materials in bamboo processing industries.


This research has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Project MAT2008-00429) and the Universidad de Zaragoza (Project UZ2011-TEC-03). The authors wish to thank the Gobierno de Aragon (Consolidated Research Groups T87 and T12) for financial support and to C. Gallego, C. Estepa and J. A. Gomez for their technical assistance. Sh. Rasekh acknowledges a JAE-PreDoc2010 grant from the CSIC.


Abstract Spontaneous and Induced Rhythms in the Onset and Course of Labour and of Birth. Consequences for the Artificial Onset of Labour.


The article covers the problem of evaluation of students' educational achievements from the point of view of competence approach. The article pays attention to such competence as positive adequate self-evaluation of students. In the course of study of different approaches to this problem we can draw a conclusion about necessity of forming preparedness for students' self-evaluation in process of study.


The closed form solutions of the stationary random response of a single-degree-of-freedom vibro-impact system with clearance are formulated in this paper. The Hertz contact law from elasticity is used to model the contact phenomena between the mass and constraint during vibration. The excitation is assumed to be a stationary white Gaussian process with zero mean. Through solving the time-independent Fokker-Planck equation, the stationary responses are obtained analytically. The effects of contact stiffness and clearance on the response are discussed probabilistically. It is found that, when the clearance is about twice the square root of the mean square response of the corresponding linear system, the contact phenomena are almost negligible.


The authors made the laboratory tests and industrial tests that reviewed the application efforts of a few new type fluxes without the chemical elements K and Ca in aluminium alloy smelting process and compared with traditional fluxes with K and Ca.The results showed,the new style fluxes decontamination form view is effective,the dross and aluminum liquid separate clear,the slag inclusion,grain size and pinhole of the finished product simples have same good as with traditional fluxes.The K and Ca contents in the aluminum dross were lower obviously.The remained aluminum ash after large aluminum recovery can return the electrolysis production applied,increasing the recovery rate of the aluminum.However,it affected primary aluminium grade 0.025%,resulted in the enrichment of CaF2 and MgF2 in the electrolyte and brought a challenge for keeping the production conditions.


[1] The global behavior of the extratropical tropopause transition layer (ExTL) is investigated using O 3 , H 2 O, and CO measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) on Canada's SCISAT-1 satellite obtained between February 2004 and May 2007. The ExTL depth is derived using H 2 0-0 3 and CO-0 3 correlations. The ExTL top derived from H 2 0-0 3 shows an increase from roughly 1-1.5 km above the thermal tropopause in the subtropics to 3-4 km (2.5-3.5 km) in the north (south) polar region, implying somewhat weaker troposphere-stratosphere-transport in the Southern Hemisphere. The ExTL bottom extends ∼1 km below the thermal tropopause, indicating a persistent stratospheric influence on the troposphere at all latitudes. The ExTL top derived from the CO-0 3 correlation is lower, at 2 km or ∼345 K (1.5 km or ∼335 K) in the Northern (Southern) Hemisphere. Its annual mean coincides with the relative temperature maximum just above the thermal tropopause. The vertical CO gradient maximizes at the thermal tropopause, indicating a local minimum in mixing within the tropopause region. The seasonal changes in and the scales of the vertical H 2 O gradients show a similar pattern as the static stability structure of the tropopause inversion layer (TIL), which provides observational support for the hypothesis that H 2 O plays a radiative role in forcing and maintaining the structure of the TIL.


Inclusive transverse momentum spectra of eta mesons in the range p(T)approximate to 2-12 GeV/c have been measured at midrapidity (vertical bar eta vertical bar gamma gamma channel for the three colliding systems as well as through the eta ->pi(0)pi(+)pi(-) decay mode in p+p and d+Au collisions. The nuclear modification factor in d+Au collisions, R-dAu(p(T))approximate to 1.0-1.1, suggests at most only modest p(T) broadening ("Cronin enhancement"). In central Au+Au reactions, the eta yields are significantly suppressed, with R-AuAu(p(T))approximate to 0.2. The ratio of eta to pi(0) yields is approximately constant as a function of p(T) for the three colliding systems in agreement with the high-p(T) world average of R-eta/pi(0)approximate to 0.5 in hadron-hadron, hadron-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus collisions for a wide range of center-of-mass energies (root sNN approximate to 3-1800 GeV) as well as, for high scaled momentum x(p), in e(+)e(-) annihilations at root s=91.2 GeV. These results are consistent with a scenario where high-p(T) eta production in nuclear collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider is largely unaffected by initial-state effects but where light-quark mesons (pi(0),eta) are equally suppressed due to final-state interactions of the parent partons in the dense medium produced in Au+Au reactions.


One of the latest developments of Syva Company a subsidiary of Syntex Corporation, Palo Alto, California U.S.A. is the new EMIT-ST Drug Detection System. The new system has been designed for the qualitative analysis of drugs of abuse in urine or serum using homogeneous enzyme immunoassays and simple, dedicated instrumentation. The system has been integrally designed to be so simple to operate and maintain that non-technically trained individuals could accurately perform drug analysis with only minutes of training. This portable system for the analysis of drugs of abuse in urine and serum can rapidly provide the principal information needed by investigators or clinicians when its needed.


An L(2; 1)-labeling of a graph G is a function f from the vertex set V (G) to the set of all non-negative integers such that jf(u) f(v)j 2 if d(u;v) = 1 andjf(u) f(v)j 1 if d(u;v) = 2. The -number of G, denoted (G), is the smallest number k such that G admits an L(2; 1)-labeling with k = maxff(u)ju2 V (G)g. In this paper, we consider the square of a cycle and provide exact value for its -number. In addition, we also completely determine its edge span.


Objective To find out the epidemiological pattern and characteristics of influenza A/H1N1 by analyzing the first severe influenza A/H1N1 case in China,and to further provide reference for formulating the prevention and control strategies.Methods Medical record and field investigation were used to describe the whole process of transmission of this case and illustrate the onset and development of the disease.Throat swab collected from the case was used to test influenza A/H1N1 viral nucleic acid by real-time RT-PCR.Results The case developed fever and respiratory symptoms after his brother fell ill.The next day,he was sent to the hospital because of falling into a swoon complication with severe pneumonia,ischemic anoxic encephalopathy and viral myocarditis.This case was clinically diagnosed as suffering from Brugada syndrome,a rare inherited disease.Five of 6 people of the case′s family were detected positive for influenza A/H1N1.No secondary cases were found among 58 close contacts during 7-day medical observation.Conclusion This patient has been proved to be the first severe case of influenza A(H1N1)in China.


Abstract Notes on the biology of anthophorid bee (Tetrapedia) and the mite Chaetodactylus panamensis Baker, Roubik and Definado-Baker (Acari: Chaetodactylidae) in Panama are discussed.


The paper analyzes the water quality characteristics of wastewater from vitamin C industry,and summarizes the application of biological and chemical process on treating the kind of wastewater.


Abstract: TNF‐α is known to play an important role in UV‐induced immunomodulation and photodamage. It plays a role in UVB‐mediated induction of apoptosis and is a strong inducer of the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, which eventually leads to the loss of dermal collagen and elastin content. Recently chimeric anti‐TNF‐α has been introduced as a therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.


This paper analyzes the requirements of at-speed functional testing of high-speed devices. We conclude that, although the requirement forecast by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors is excessive, higher accuracy at-speed functional test systems are needed to qualify the high-performance devices anticipated in the next decade. We also conclude that, while challenging, the necessary higher speeds and accuracies can be realized.


The Minimum Latency Problem (MLP) is a class of combinational optimization problems that has many practical applications. In the general case, the MLP is proved to be NPhard. One of the approaches to solve the problem is using exact algorithms. However, the algorithms which were recently proposed are applied only to the problems with small size, i.e., 26 vertices. In this paper, we present a new exact algorithm to solve the MLPs with a larger size. Our algorithm is based on the branch and bound method and it has two new rules that improve the pruning technique. We have evaluated the algorithm on several data sets. The results show that the problems up to 40 vertices can be solved exactly.


We read with interest the results from Hammond and colleagues assessing the "rule of thumb" for intravenous magnesium replacement based on the fact that every 1 g (8 mEq) of magnesium administered will increase the serum magnesium concentration by 0.15 mEq/L for critically ill patients with mild-to-moderate hypomagnesemia (1-1.9 mEq/L) within 18 to 30 hours. Evaluation of empiric magnesium replacement strategies is important as it is a common practice in the critically ill but has limited studies to guide intermittent therapy until this important study. The practice of magnesium replacement is largely based upon acute myocardial infarction trials (Table 1) administering an initial magnesium bolus (eg, 2 g [16 mEq]) followed by continuous infusions up to 16 g (130 mEq) over 24 hours. The observed changes in serum magnesium concentrations have ranged from 0.07 to 0.11 mEq/L per gram of intravenous magnesium administered. Extrapolating these serum changes from continuous infusions of magnesium to lower doses (eg, 1-4 g) over 8 to 12 hours would be expected to have lower increases when rechecked up to 10 to 22 hours later (assuming 18-30 hours after dose). Although this study only included patients who met their empiric dosing strategy for mild-to-moderate hypomagnesemia, the dose of magnesium administered and how (eg, central vs peripheral venous access, diluent used, and duration of infusion) was not provided. Additionally, the serum creatinine was not provided, nor was the definition of chronic kidney disease to compare to prior magnesium infusion trials. The route of nutrition, whether an oral diet, enteral, or parenteral nutrition, was also missing in their description of this medical intensive care unit (ICU) patient population who had been hospitalized for approximately 2 weeks, as this could have also affected response to magnesium therapy. The use of proton pump inhibitors was not listed as an exclusion criteria and would be useful to know whether this may have affected magnesium response as it has been previously reported. Evaluating the responses to electrolyte replacement, such as this one for magnesium in the ICU, may prove better ways to conserve electrolyte supplies, especially in the age of drug shortages for patients most likely to benefit.


Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London Health Sciences Center, London, Ontario, Canada These authors contributed equally to this work. Correspondence to: Michael W. A. Chu, MD, FRCSC. Professor of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Western University, B6106 University Hospital, London Health Sciences Center, 339 Windermere Rd., London, Ontario N6A 5A5, Canada. Email: email@example.com.


neutrum, and ut nunc and simpliciter. The more technical chapters devoted to explaining these theoretical concepts are nicely balanced by an excellent introductory chapter on Galenic medicine in the Renaissance, and a fascinating closing chapter on Renaissance discussions of whether neutral bodies really do exist in nature and whether ageing bodies and convalescing bodies provide practical examples of neutral bodies. But was there really a continuous history of the "idea" of the neutral body? Though the author admits that each commentary introduces conceptual changes and is itself a reflection of new contemporary issues, he never directly addresses the problem of essentialism that inevitably arises when writing the history of an idea. Even though Joutsivuo wisely focuses upon texts and interpretations rather than ideas, one is still left wondering whether all his commentators really are talking about the same thing. Joutsivuo is also rather free with his use of the categories "scholastic" and "humanist". In order to highlight the impact of humanism on discussions of the neutral body, he contrasts the views of Renaissance expositors with those of scholastic commentators on the matter. But this assumes that there was indeed an identifiable "scholastic" interpretation of the neutral body, which some Renaissance expositors were closer to than others. Yet, as the author's own research shows, there was as much diversity of opinion among scholastic commentators as among Renaissance expositors. Does the concept of the neutral body in the Renaissance really tell us anything new about medical humanism? Joutsivuo's work is certainly valuable in confirming what we already know about the novelty of humanist exegesis, its concentration on philological and inter-textual analysis, its new historical sensitivity, its concern for discovering the origins of ideas, and its interest in establishing the integrity of an author's entire output. But as Joutsivuo admits in his conclusion, his story tends to reaffirm the traditional picture that, though new sources and translations were used and new literary techniques adopted, university medicine was stubbornly resistant to the broader philosophical challenges of Renaissance humanism. These are but minor quibbles with an exemplary piece of scholarship. The impeccable explication of text, the copious footnoting, and the excellent appendices make this an invaluable reference tool that will be treasured by scholars of early modern medicine for a long time to come. The seven essays in Masaccio's Trinity utilize a wide range of approaches to examine one of the most familiar paintings in …


As the energy area,over the years,the extensive mode of economic development leaded to serious environmental pollution.Western region's own low carbon economy is the inevitable choice to achieve sustainable development.Low-carbon economy needs financial support,so developing carbon finance is the only way.This paper analyzed the present situation of global carbon finance and probes the effect and problems of Western region's carbon finance development in low-carbon age.And put forward the suggestions to develop Western region's low-carbon economy.


To solve the problem that there are many factors influencing the reliability allocation of NC machine tools and some of which are difficult to analyze quantitatively,a comprehensive reliability allocation method is researched using interval analysis,fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and analytic hierarchy process.Many influence factors were considered and endowed with different weight respectively according to the influence degree.In this paper,a reliability allocation model is proposed for NC machine tools,which used interval number instead of real number to express uncertain information.It could make use of the field test information and expert's experience comprehensively.Finally,the application of this method is illustrated with an example,and the results showed that the allocation method is feasible and effective for the reliability allocation of NC machine tools.


[Objective]The aim was to study the change of the soil water content in the planting green bags and the impact on afforesting tree species.[Method]Planting green bags with different number of holes (diameter of the hole was 5 mm) were used to treat different plants for determining soii water content in the planting green bags,four treatments were set,three times repeat.[Result]The result showed that the growth of plants using planting green bags were better than control experiment;The infiltration rate of soil water was gently with using planting green bags,and the soil water content was high as well,otherwise,the soil moisture content of control experiment was significantly lower.[Conclusion]The use of planting green bags in the mountainous region of afforestation aspects had proved to be effective,and it had an important implication in aspect of afforestation in Beijing.


The causes and influence factors of the latitudinal spraying ununiformity phenomenon of asphalt distributor are delved into.The spraying effect and data including ununiformity,latitudinal corrugation and spraying overlap amount are analyzed with current spraying overlap theory in combination with application.The way to improve the spraying uniformity is summarized,and a concept of impact-uniformity is proposed,which provides guidance to the design and use of asphalt distributor.


6014 Background: Treatment de-intensification for resected, human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is an area of active investigation, with a goal of providing a less toxic adjuvant regimen compared to the current standard of care 66 Gy of radiation (RT) combined with concurrent cisplatin defined in recently reported as Arm D of the ECOG3311 trial. Here, the programmed death 1 (PD-1) antibody nivolumab was added to de-intensified RT in high risk, resected HPV+ OPC. Methods: Eligible patients included transorally resected pathologic stage III or IVA HPV+ OPSCC using p16 immunohistochemistry, featuring high-risk neck disease factors (gross extracapsular extension >1mm or ≥5 positive lymph nodes) to mirror ECOG3311 Arm D patients accrued. Positive margin status was excluded except by PI approval. Postoperative treatment consisted of accelerated fractionation RT (50 Gy over 4 weeks) concurrent with nivolumab at 240 mg every 2 weeks, followed by 6 months of adjuvant nivolumab biweekly or monthly. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Swallowing and quality of life patient reported outcome (PRO) measures were collected at baseline and defined intervals after treatment. Results: Forty-one patients (n=41) were accrued and were analyzed. Forty of 41 patients remain alive with a median follow-up of 30 months (range 1 – 49 months). The probability of 3-year overall survival is 97% (95% CI = 90% - 100%) and the probability of 3-year PFS is 86% (95% CI = 68% - 100%). Two patients developed recurrent disease, one of whom died. One patient developed isolated metastasis while a second developed local, regional, and distant metastasis. The most common adverse grade ≥3 adverse events were lymphocytopenia (n=24), dysphagia (n=2) and oral mucositis (n=2). One grade 4 sepsis/multi-organ failure was reported. Comparison of PRO results with those observed in ECOG3311 trial are underway and will be reported. Conclusions: De-intensification of adjuvant treatment adding nivolumab to RT is tolerable and demonstrates favorable clinical outcome for high-risk, resected, HPV+ HNSCC patients. Further targeted immunotherapy combinations are warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT03715946 .


Undergraduate OSCE based assessments appear to be directly relevant in contributing to the tasks and skills needed through the pharmacy preregistration year


Aluminum borate whisker reinforced Al-Cu and Al-Cu-Mg alloy matrix composites were fabricated by a squeeze casting. Aging behavior of the composites was investigated by means of hardness measurement and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was found that there was an accelerated aging kinetics in the composites compared with the unreinforced Al alloys. DSC measurements indicated that the aging kinetics of the composite and unreinforced Al alloy were identical for Al-Cu matrix, but they were extremely different for AI-Cu-Mg alloy matrix. In the AI-Cu-Mg alloy matrix composite, magnesium in the matrix was consumed by reacting with the whiskers. As the results, the aging behavior of the Al-Cu-Mg alloy matrix composite was similar to that of the Al-Cu alloy matrix composite.


This is a story from an Australian perspective of the changes in staff development approaches over the past few years, in response to the rapidly changing educational and technological environments. In particular the authors reflect upon initiatives implemented and those planned for the future at Southern Cross University, as a result of the impact of staff development activities in our own institution and in other Australian universities to date. The paper concludes with a plan for the Teaching and Learning Centre's website to move beyond delivery of information, exemplars and resources, to support a program of active immersion of staff in the experiences of learning online. One such resource, interActive Learning Online, designed for both stand-alone and seminar-based use, is to be part of an online staff development program in mid-200


The ageing of the population is an inevitable demographic change that is occurring in Australia and many other countries. The published articles and commentary forming this PhD seek to address important issues relating to retirement policy so that there will be a greater appreciation of policy options and trade-offs.


Abstract: Historically, our society requires computational memory media to support the development of our civilization. It is likely that our society will keep demanding larger capacity memory. However, conventional memory technologies are facing many challenges such as difficulties of miniaturization and guarantee of good reliability. Therefore, alternative memory device designs are proposed to overcome these challenges. As a new concept of non-volatile memory technology, a nano-electro-mechanical (NEM) diode non-volatile memory cell design is proposed. This design eliminates the need of a selector device to form a cross-point array, by leveraging the gap closing actuator. The electro-mechanical diode cell design can be scaled to 20 nm minimum lateral dimension by following an appropriate scaling methodology in consideration of various practical and fundamental limits. Low-voltage (


This paper introduces three blended learning models,introduces a new model under the blended learning model,the leading-type E-learning model,and puts forward five-phase teaching strategy led by teachers under the leading-type E-learning model.


The aim of this study is to screen for genetic resistance to different doses of salmonella infection and its possible association with polymorphisms in exon 1 and 2 of TLR4 in Fayoumi breed and Hy-line strain of chickens. Two experiments was done, first one for measuring the variation of TLR4 -exon 1 and exon 2 of different genotypes of chicken under study and resistance to salmonella enteritidis. This study include 100 birds of each breeds, were infected orally with LD50 (108 cfu) salmonella enteritidis at age of two weeks and was divided into two groups (susceptible and resistance). TLR4 gene was genotyped with PCR-RFLP, The genotyping results on exon 1 (596 bp) by Taq1 restriction enzyme showed that the BB genotypes is more resistance to infection in the Fayoumi breed and also the AB genotypes is more resistance to infection in the Hy-line strain. Also The genotyping result on exon 2 (793 bp) by EcoR1 restriction enzyme showed only one genotype BB in Fayoumi breed and The frequency of AB genotypes is more resistant to infection than BB genotypes in Hy-line strain. The second experiment to evaluate the variation in immune response to the different genotypes of TLR4 -exon 1 and exon 2 this study include 100 birds of each breeds were infected with (5× 107 cfu) salmonella enteritidis and according to Elisa results the chickens devided into two groups (high and low immune response). The genotyping result on exon 1 (596 bp) by Taq1 restriction enzyme showed that the AB genotypes produce high immune response in both Fayoumi breed and Hy-line strain so can be used as a genetic marker for increase the immune response in chicks under study. Also The genotyping result on exon 2 (793 bp) by EcoR1 restriction enzyme showed only one genotype BB genotypes in Fayoumi breed and Hy-line strain.


A continuous three-year observation (from May 2012 to September 2014) was conducted to characterize the different forms of nitrogen deposition for a forest ecosystem in the southeastern part of the Tibet Plateau in China. Total nitrogen (TN) throughfall deposition varied from 6.9 kg N·ha·yr to 8.8 kg N·ha·yr (average: 7.5 kg N·ha·yr). NH4-N was the dominant form of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) deposition, accounting for 53% of TN deposition in throughfall, while NO3-N accounted for 22% and dissolved organic nitrogen accounted for 25%. Seasonal variability indicated that TN deposition peaked in summer. Monthly average temperature was positively correlated with NO3-N and TIN deposition (p < 0.05), and cumulative precipitation was positively correlated with NO3-N, TN, and TIN deposition (p < 0.05). Additionally, NH4-N and monthly cumulative precipitation accounted for 90.2% of the variation of the TN deposition flux in the forest throughfall. Thus, elevated deposition of various forms of nitrogen likely threaten forest ecosystems via cumulative precipitation, influenced by average temperature to a lesser extent. Finally, TN deposition in this region is mostly controlled by agricultural activities rather than industrial activities or transportation.


This paper presents a modified analytical formula for estimating the static top-to-bottom compressive strength of corrugated board packaging with different perforations. The analytical framework is based here on Heimerl's assumption with an extension from a single panel to a full box, enhanced with a numerically calculated critical load. In the proposed method, the torsional and shear stiffness of corrugated cardboard, as well as the panel depth-to-width ratio is implemented in the finite element model used for buckling analysis. The new approach is compared with the successful though the simplified McKee formula and is also verified with the experimental results of various packaging designs made of corrugated cardboard. The obtained results indicate that for boxes containing specific perforations, simplified methods give much larger estimation error than the analytical–numerical approach proposed in the article. To the best knowledge of the authors, the influence of the perforations has never been considered before in the analytical or analytical–numerical approach for estimation of the compressive strength of boxes made of corrugated paperboard. The novelty of this paper is to adopt the method presented to include perforation influence on the box compressive strength estimation.


The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyse the use of the funds in a project The support of vocational education for employees who participate in POVEZ II - II. challenge in Zlin region; as well as to analyse the impact of using the project on the companies involved. The theoretical part describes an employment policy in the Czech republic and the programmes supporting the vocational education financed by the European union. In this part, there are also listed the qualitative and quantitative requirements of the companies in the labour market. In the practical part, an analysis of the state of public support was carried out on the educational activities of the POVEZ II and also the research of the companies involved in this project has been conducted to survey the benefits and to identify prospective problems associated with processing and realisation of the educational activities during the project. SWOT analysis has been used for the complex assessment. The recommendations for companies are listed according to the results.


Patients with end-stage renal disease are at increased risk for the development of uremic pericarditis or dialysis-associated pericarditis, and either comorbidity can be complicated by pericardial effusion. Patients with end-stage renal disease complaining of dyspnea and chest pain demand a robust differential diagnosis, which can delay an appropriate intervention. Here we describe a patient with pericarditis and hemopericardium causing symptomatic pericardial effusion.Keywords: Uremic hemopericardium, uremic pericarditis, pericardiocentesis


The continued growth of Southwestern cities depends on reliable water export from Rocky Mountain headwaters, which provide ∼85% of Colorado River Basin (CRB) streamflow. Despite being more sensitive to warming temperatures, alpine systems are simplified in the regional-scale models currently in use to plan for future water supply. We used an integrated hydrologic model that couples groundwater and surface water with snow and vegetation processes to examine the effect of topographic simplifications as a result of grid coarsening in a representative CRB headwater basin. High-resolution (100 m) simulations predicted headwater streamflow losses of 16% by 2050 while coarse-resolution (1 km) simulations predict only 12%, suggesting that regional-scale models (coarser than 1 km) likely overestimate future Colorado River Basin water supplies.


━━ Background. The abscopal effect is a phenomenon in which tumor shrinkage occurs outside the radiation field. It usually occurs between the primary tumor and metastatic lesions of the same cancer or between metastatic lesions, and there have been no reports on the abscopal effect occurring after irradiation of other cancer types. Case. A woman in her 50s was diagnosed with double primary cancer of lung and oropharyngeal cancer. After the administration of nivolumab as second-line treatment for lung cancer, the lung cancer did not show any increase in size for six months (stable disease). However, the pharyngeal cancer showed progression, so irradiation was started for it. After radiotherapy, shrinkage of the primary lung cancer (outside the irradiation field) was observed. Conclusion. We experienced a case in which primary lung cancer shrank after irradiation for primary pharyngeal cancer. This case suggests that abscopal-like effects may occur between different cancer types. (JJLC. 2021;61:109-112)


Abstract. A multiregional Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model of Korea is used to assess urban development strategy in terms of national economic growth and income distribution. We find that the dispersion of total investment expenditure to six large cities would be the best policy if the emphasis of national development were to be placed on economic growth, together with a reduction in regional income disparity. Conversely, a heavy concentration of investment expenditure in Seoul and Pusan would lead to an amelioration of inequality in the distribution of personal income, but it would be difficult to implement due to hostility towards a primarily city-oriented value system.


Large quantities of well-aligned and purified Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are to be produced for commercial applications. For this purpose, the design of an efficient catalyst system is very essential, which should have high catalytic activity, stability, and high diffusion of carbon. In this investigation, an attempt has been made to find a possible catalyst system that supports high yield with a defect-less structure of CNTs. Catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) single step batch process was used to synthesize CNTs in a single experiment (run) using six different mono-metallic and bi-metallic catalysts (NiO, CoO, CuO, NiO/CuO, NiO/CoO, CoO/CoO) systems. The catalyst materials were synthesized by the impregnation method. The mono-metallic and bi-metallic catalyst particles were characterized by SEM, XRD, and TGA. The carbon products obtained from different catalysts compositions were analyzed using FESEM, HRTEM, and Raman spectroscopy. The yield percentage of multi-walled CNTs was calculated. The aerial density of the CNTs grown on different catalyst compositions was found using image J technique. The diameter distribution of both catalyst compositions and grown CNTs were evaluated using their respective SEM and FESEM images. From this investigation, it was found that NiO/CuO produced higher yield of CNTs with well-aligned structure. CuO/CoO catalyst system produced amorphous carbon. The bi-metallic catalyst compositions grow higher yield and well-aligned CNTs as compared to mono-metallic catalyst systems.


As a kind of mathematical geometry education software, dynamic geometry software is an application software that can interactively create and manipulate geometric objects. Its vivid image changes and colorful geometric objects provide teachers with an efficient Geometry teaching tool. Comparing and analyzing the existing geometry software, we found that there is a curve smoothness problem in its trajectory drawing. In this article, we propose the uniform point selection method based on the principle of the trajectory generation geometric method. Under the premise of ensuring rendering efficiency, extensive case studies have shown that the smoothness of the trajectory curve generated by this method has been improved.


As Matsuda and Atkinson comment in a recent critique, contrastive rhetoric (CR)/intercultural rhetoric (IR) "…talks about culture without ever telling us what culture is. And without ever theorizing culture, and that's problematic…" (2008: 297). This represents a major difficulty with IR as without a well theorised view of culture there is a danger of essentialising and stereotyping the communicative practices of different groups. This is not a new criticism of CR/IR (see for example Scollon, 1997), and attempts have been made to address some of these issues through more complex views of culture (for example Atkinson, 2004; Connor, 2008), indeed the move from CR to IR is clearly part of this. Nevertheless, given the range of contextual factors that surround the construction and interpretation of a text can such a large and contested concept as culture be of any value in textual analysis? Such questions are even more pertinent when we consider that for English the 'non-native' users far outnumber 'native' users (Crystal, 2008) leading to difficulties in identifying which particular cultures are being contrasted. This paper will argue that the concept of culture can yield valuable insights, but a more critical approach to culture is needed in which the inner circle native speaker communities (often Anglo-American) are no longer viewed as a baseline by which other English writing practices and forms are measured. The extensive use of English as a global lingua franca (ELF) means that a focus on the native speaker is no longer sustainable and runs the risk of imposing the communicative practises of one group over the many (Fairclough, 1999; Cameron, 2002) with the culturalism, linguicism, othering, and inequality this entails. This paper will explore how the insights from critical approaches to culture and language taken in intercultural communication (Kramsch, 2009; Holliday, 2011) and ELF studies (Baker, 2009 and Canagarajah, 2007), which are increasingly turning their attention to writing (for example Horner, forthcoming; Jenkins,2010; Mauranen and Hynninen, 2010), can inform IR and make it relevant to the needs of English users in global settings. It will be suggested that many of the key areas of knowledge and skills identified as necessary to negotiate intercultural communication through ELF are equally relevant to truly intercultural writing practices.


Knowledge about consumer needs, factors and motives affecting behavior is one of the ways of ensuring entrepreneurship competitiveness. Authors present the results of the study on the A. Maslow's hierarchy of needs within the context of consumer behavior components affecting consumer behavior from a perspective of entrepreneurial decision making. Authors employ well known methods of research – statistical analysis, grouping, evaluation, predicting etc. In the course of the present research by synthesis of theoretical developments and practical experience decision making model is made. A. Maslow's theory serves as the basis for developing a range of theories dealing with consumer behavior, therefore, when developing the consumer behavior model in Latvia, the author decided to integrate the better known theories. The use of models prepared by the authors in sales, entrepreneurship, and other sectors of economy provide an opportunity to reasonably plan investments for the relevant time period, to avoid mistakes, and to improve the overall economic effectiveness of the company's operations and usefulness of resource utilization.


Objective:To establish a set of suitable and reliable methods and to study the distribution of HBV genotypes.Methods:Type-specific primers were designed,and type-specific primers PCR was used to genotype the HBV strains.Results:A total of 218 out of the 238 strains were genotyped.Among them,49(68.3%) cases were genotype B(male 69.3%,female 65.3%),63(28.9%) cases were genotype C(male 28.3%,female 30.8%),6(2.8%) cases were mixtures of genotype B and C(male 2.4%,female 3.8%).No genotype A,D,E,F,G and H were found.Conclusion:Genotype B is the most dominant type for HBV strains and there is no relationship between the gender and HBV genotypes.


Objective To elucidate the clinical significance of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) mainly used for protecting neurological functions in patients with gliomas. Methods Thirty - eight patients with gliomas were recruited to undergo DTI test and assess the status of neurological functions before and after surgery. According to the relationships between gliomas and adjacent white matter(WM) tracts, DTI can be classfied as the following types : type Ⅰ - displacement; type Ⅱ - Infiltration; type Ⅲ - Disruption. The neurological functions before surgery were compared in three groups,as well as the change of neurological functions after surgery was also compared in three groups. Results There were 14 cases in type Ⅰ , 16 cases in type Ⅱ, and 8 cases in type Ⅲ. There were significant difference between DTI types and preoperative neurological functions, as well as between DTI types and the change of postoperative neurological functions ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusions DTI allows to visualizate the relationships of gliomas and adjacent WM tracts, which represent the different growth patterns of gliomas. It is useful for neurosurgeons to select suitable surgical approaches and determine appropriate extent of resection.

Key words:
Glioma;  Diffusion tensor imaging;  Neurological function protection


The correlativity between the various characters of Hami melon and yield was analysed by the method of grey correlativity.The result shows that the magnitude on effects of the various characters in yield was in turn:average fruit weightcontent of core soluble matterillness indexflesh thicknesswhole bearing periodvertical pathwayhorizontal pathwayfruit bearing period.


This document summarizes the results of a project at Tulane University that was designed to adapt, test, and evaluate a computerized information and menu planning system utilizing linear programing techniques for use in school lunch food service operations. The objectives of the menu planning were to formulate menu items into a palatable, nutritionally adequate combination at minimum cost. The author did an empirical study of menu planning in the New Orleans Public Schools and found that the use of linear programing reduced raw food expenditures 13 percent over manual planning methods. (Author/DN) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO. DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIG INATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPIN IONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. SUMMATION REPORT Project No. 0G024 Grant No. OEG-7-70-0165-(509) A STUDY ON LINEAR PROGRAMMING. APPLICATIONS FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF SCHOOL LUNCH MENUS FILMED FROM BEST AVAILABLE COPY


Abstract: Effectiveness Of Applying Contextual Teaching and Learning Strategies to Learning Outcomes Grade IV Students of SDN 29 Pagar Alam . This study aims to determine the effectiveness of applying Contextual Teaching and Learning strategies to the learning outcomes of grade IV at SD Negeri 29 Pagar Alam. This study used an experimental method with the Nonequivalent Control Group Design approach. This study used a sample of 43 students grade IV using a Purposive Sampling technique from a total population of 197 student at SD Negeri 29 Pagar Alam. Collecting data using test techniques, observation, and documentation. Based on the result of the research, it means that the CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) strategy has an effective impact on the learning outcomes of grade IV student of SD Negeri 29 Pagar Alam, this can be seen Sig. = 0.011 is smaller than alpha  (α) = 0.05; with a tcount value of 2.647 and a ttable value of 1.681. It turns out that tcount > ttable or 2,500 > 1,681, then reject then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted.Keyword: Contextual Teaching and Learning, Learning Outcomes. Abstrak : Efektifitas Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV SDN 29 Pagar Alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektifitas penerapan strategi pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 29 Pagar Alam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan pendekatan Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Penelitian ini menggunakan sample 43 siswa dari kelas IV dengan Teknik pengambilan sample sampling purposive dari total populasi  197 orang siswa kelas IV di SD Negeri 29 Pagar Alam. Pengumpulan data menggunakan Teknik tes, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa strategi CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) berdampak efektif terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Pagar Alam, hal ini dapat terlihat Sig.= 0,011 lebih kecil dari alpha (α)= 0,05; dengan nilai thitung sebesar 2,647 dan nilai nilai ttabel sebesar 1,681. Ternyata thitung > ttabel  atau 2,500 > 1,681, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima..Kata Kunci: Contextual Teaching and Learning, hasil belajar.


1H NMR Spectra of the asymmetric benzylamines N-benzyl-N-butyl-2-hydroxy-1,3-propandiamine, N-benzyl-N-(2-ethylhexyl)-2-hydroxy-1,3-propandiamine, N-benzyl-N-butyl-2,3-epoxypropanamine and N-benzyl-N-(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3-epoxypropanamine, were analysed. A pronounced non-equivalance of the benzylic hydrogens is induced by asymmetric carbons in γ position with respect to the benzylic group. [Δδ=0.2–0.3 ppm; J(AB)∼13.5 Hz]. Two sets of AB patterns were observed when two asymmetric carbons were present in the same molecule. RS+SR Diastereomers can thus be distinguished from the RR+SS enantiomers.


Objective Under high light conditions, human video images are often blurred, resulting in the details to be lost, therefore, a study on processing methods of human video images under high light is conducted in this paper. Methods Firstly, the problems of human video images under high light are analyzed in detail. Secondly, the flow chart for processing human video image is presented. The methods on how to process the high light human video images are described under normal and/or infrared monitor mode. Finally, the specific processing methods are introduced. The human video images of high quality, less affected by high light and their key frame of larger size, are picked out. In spatial domain, curve adjustment and gamma correction have been used for enhancing the high light human images. And so have that in frequency domain with utilization of high pass and/or homomorphic filtering. Results For the high light human images video, it is necessary to enhance the original high light human images before their reconstructing and synthesizing. For facial details missing, it is better for human images to inhibit high light on comparison of the reconstructed and synthesized human images with the original ones. From the processing effect, the methods established for enhancing human images in frequency domain are suggested. Compared to the color video ones, the infrared human video images lose their color. It is indispensable for the processing to conduct curve adjustment or gamma correction before sharpening in enthancement by high pass filtering. In some cases, the processed results by gray imaging are clearer than by color handling. Thus, conversion of the color image to grayscale one is optional sometimes. Conclusion The right way for processing high light human video images can provide more accurate clues for video investigation. The methods proposed here could improve the visual effect of high light human images.


In a development process where testing is highly automated, there is a major challenge to cope with issues such as huge test size and test stability. In this paper, we propose a model-based testing (MBT) tool called JCUnit, which generates a test suite from a model given as a Java class. Unlike other tools, it is designed to generate small and stable test suites and supports various popular models. With this tool, developers can apply MBT approach to their products without learning domain-specific language of proprietary MBT tools. Moreover, features such as portability and pluggability make it useful in a wide range of phases from unit testing to system testing. As a result, the efforts required in practical software testing will be reduced.


Background: Radon causes around 21,000 lung cancer deaths annually in the United States. Most exposure occurs in the home when radon gas infiltrates from rocks and soils through openings. Recent dr...


The invention relates to a method for aligning a print substrate (16) with at least one registration mark (24, 25), which rests on a printing table (14), prior to the aligning step, the applied for each on the print table (14) carrier material (16) is performed before the printing operation, for determining the target position (28) at least once a calibration phase for the subsequent printing operation is carried out in the calibration the at least one registration mark (24, 25) of the carrier material (16), which (on the print table 14) lies and is aligned to a subsequent printing operation (as a target position 28) is detected, the at least one registration mark (24, 25) of the carrier material (16) in the calibration phase at least once (from a nominal position 28) (in a calibration position 29) converted and a resulting deviation is detected, and from the deviation between the target position (28) and the calibrating (29) and d s for correcting variables required for moving the printing table (14), a transfer function is determined.


Using the singularly perturbed theory and the technique of vertical observality plane,the shift of shock location for a class of nonlinear problems is considered under appropriate conditions. The influence of the locations of the shock about the boundary conditions is analyzed.It is shown that the location of the shock will be moved greatly,even away from internal layer to the endpoint,when the boundary conditions change smaller slightly.


sonal experiences that extend beyond the records of the British Empire. Moreover, some South Asian doctors built long-term relationship with African families. These Africans, like those students who were taught in schools by Indian teachers, are less likely to see these professionals as 'strangers'. And if the doctors as well as their patients were interviewed, a picture of South Asian history in East Africa would emerge that is less dominated by European perceptions. I am aware that such evidence would help to illuminate only the latest period of the research under review, such as the decades after the s. Nevertheless, oral sources would have made even more complete this fascinating history. Overall, this study is well written and embedded in a rich variety of records. The authors have seen the available sources in London, the British Library, India Office Records, National Archives in Kenya, as well the Kenya National Archives in Nairobi and the Maharashtra State Archives in Mumbai. In addition, they make extensive use of newspapers, like the East African Standard and the East African Chronicle and The Times. The result is a painstakingly well-researched and detailed description of the history of Indian doctors in East Africa. The book aims at an academic audience, but I am convinced that it will be similarly well received by the professional classes in East Africa as well.


Light-mediated therapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered as emerging cancer treatment strategies. However, there are still lots of defect with common photosensitizers (PSs), such as short emission wavelength, week photostability, poor cell permeability and low PDT efficiency. Therefore, it is very important to develop high-performance PSs. Recently, luminogens with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics and Red/near-infrared (NIR) emissive have been reported as promising PSs for image-guided cancer therapy, due to prevent autofluorescence in physiological environments, their enhanced fluorescence in the aggregated state and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, we developed PSs named TBTCPM and MTBTCPM with donor-acceptor (D-A) structures, strong Red/near intra-red (NIR), excellent targeting specificities to good cell permeability and high photostability. Interestingly, both of them can efficiently generate reactive oxygen species under white light irradiation and possess excellent killing effect on cancer cells. This study, thus, not only demonstrates applications in cell image-guided PDT cancer therapy performances. but also provide strategy for construction of AIEgens with long emission wavelengths.