(57) Abstract: The present invention is at least partially made of a material which is a glass / plastic mixture, a first region which exists as glass substantially spherical particles (2), the glass of fibrous particles (3 about member (1) having a second area in the form of). Such members have the advantage of being able to realize the mechanical stability and dimensional stability in separate regions within one and the same member. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of this member.


Diodes incorporating undoped and Sb-doped SixGe1−x−ySny layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy with different alloy compositions and lattice-matched to Ge were fabricated and characterized experimentally. We discuss material as well as electrical device characterization and investigate different contact metallizations (Ni and Al). In particular, we investigate the formation of Ni(SixGe1−x−ySny) on the doped Sb-doped SixGe1−x−ySny layers via annealing based on material characterization and measurements of specific contact resistivities. Our results can serve as a starting point for the investigation of SixGe1−x−ySny layers with high Si and Sn content as cladding material in optoelectronic devices such as lasers and light emitting diodes.


The helicity-dependent recoil proton polarizations P_{x}^{'} and P_{z}^{'} as well as the helicity-independent component P_{y} have been measured in the p(e[over →],e^{'}p[over →])π^{0} reaction at four-momentum transfer Q^{2}≃0.1  GeV^{2}, center-of-mass proton emission angle θ_{p}^{*}≃90°, and invariant mass W≃1440  MeV. This first precise measurement of double-polarization observables in the energy domain of the Roper resonance P_{11}(1440) by exploiting recoil polarimetry has allowed for the extraction of its scalar electroexcitation amplitude at an unprecedentedly low value of Q^{2}, establishing a powerful instrument for probing the interplay of quark and meson degrees of freedom in the nucleon.


In the title molecule, C17H14O4, all non-H atoms are essentially coplanar. The crystal structure is stabilized by weak intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.


We make a detailed study on the dynamics of gain-assisted superluminal optical solitons in a three-state active-Raman-gain medium at room temperature. Using a method of multiple-scales we derive a high-order nonlinear Schrodinger equation with correction terms contributed from differential gain, nonlinear dispersion, delay in nonlinear refractive index, and third-order dispersion of the system. We show that for a long pulse with realistic physical parameters the high-order correction terms are small and can be taken as perturbations. However, for a shorter pulse these higher-order correction terms are significant and hence must be treated on equal footing as the terms in the nonlinear Schrodinger equation. We provide exact soliton solutions of the higher-order nonlinear Schrodinger equation and demonstrate that such solitons have still superluminal propagating velocity and can be generated at very low light intensity.


T he study examined the impact of Bank of Agriculture on �nancing Agricultural Development in Nigeria. �e study employs annual time series data covering the period 1993-2019 obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin, CBN Annual Report and Nigerian Bureau of Statistics (NBS). In carrying out the study, total crop �nancing, total �shery �nancing and total livestock �nancing are the proxies for the independent variable (Bank of Agriculture) while Agricultural Gross Domestic Product (AGDP) serve as the dependent variable. �e data collected were analyzed using ordinary least square (OLS) technique. Other test conducted was stationarity/unit root test. E-view 9.0 were used to analyze the data and results obtain indicated that, Total Crop Financing (TCF) has positive but insigni�cant effect on Agricultural Gross Domestic Product (AGDP).Total �shery Financing (TFF) has positive but insigni�cant impact on Agricultural Gross Domestic Product (AGDP) Total livestock Financing (TLF) has positive but non-signicant effect on Agricultural Gross Domestic Product (AGDP) �e study recommended among others the sustenance of government policy that encourages consistent injection of funds into agriculture. Farmers should be encouraged to apply for loans from the participating banks to enhance their agricultural activities and productivity; and also, to repay the loans as and at when due.


This report presents the results of free energy simulations using thermodynamic integration (TI) to calculate the absolute free energy of solvation of methane. The dependence of the integrand on the form of the scaling of the Hamiltonian and the extent of the "growth" of the methane was studied. When the methane-water potential is scaled by between 0.002 and 0.15, the integrand became very noisy and the individual values had high statistical uncertainties. This region was responsible for the major contribution to the total integral. A value for the Helmholtz free energy of solvation of 1.23 kcal/mol was obtained, in comparison to the experimental value of 2.005 kcal/mol. It is evident that the calculation has not as yet converged.


Coulometric titration technique has been employed for the determination of the parameter, Pe, defined as the oxygen partial pressure at which the n-type and ionic conductivities are equal, for various commercial zirconia electrolytes in the temperature range from 1243 to 1873 K. Measured values of the parameter, P, have been expressed by a formula, logP=A+B/T, where A and B denote constants. The P values for CaO-stabilized ZrO2 have shown negligible dependence on the con-


Hologram tutor is a new approach that has potential in attracting students' attention, especially the young generation who lack interest with traditional delivery methods. In addition, the use of hologram tutor serves as an alternative strategy to deliver information in a more interesting manner, which consequently will provide new experience to the students. Nevertheless, the actual human design use of a hologram tutor may cause some inconvenience or uneasiness among students, adversely affecting students' emotion in learning. Such a phenomenon is called Uncanny Valley, which was developed through a study by Masahiro Mori in 1970, who also developed a graph to explain such a concept. Against this backdrop, this paper proposes a conceptual framework for the design approach of a hologram tutor with the main aim of enhancing students' positive emotion in learning. Essentially, this conceptual framework was developed grounded on relevant theories and principles highlighted in the current literature. Additionally, this paper suggests potential future studies to validate the proposed framework.


The purpose of this study is to test a two-step tourist satisfaction index framework empirically. The first step estimates sectoral-level satisfaction indexes based on a structural equation model, and the second obtains an overall tourist satisfaction index by conducting second-order confirmatory factor analysis. This study is a pilot test of the theoretical framework based on three tourism-related service sectors in Hong Kong. The results indicate that mainland Chinese tourists are most satisfied with the hotel sector in Hong Kong, followed by the retail sector, and least satisfied with local tour operators. The aggregate tourist satisfaction index is 74.04 out of 100. The results of this study have important practical implications for long-term destination management.


Aims: To study the In-vivo anti-typhoid activities of ethanol stem bark extract of Bridelia ferruginea in albino rats infected with Salmonella typhi. Study Design: Experimental design. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Between January, 2019 and June, 2019. Methodology: Fresh stem bark of Bridelia ferruginea were collected, dried, powered and extracted using 70% ethanol. Twenty – seven rats of same age between 90 -120 g in weight were selected and divided into 9 groups containing three each. The infectivity dose (ID) was determined with the clinical S. typhi. After which the rats were infected and orally administered various standard doses of the B. ferruginea stem bark extract (50-5000 mg/kg) accordingly for 7 days. During the treatment period, the fecal samples were collected to monitor the ability of the extract to reduce the fecal Original Research Article Dada and Busayo; JAMPS, 22(5): 10-20, 2020; Article no. JAMPS.58099 11 shedding of S. typhi. Also, the rats were weighed daily to establish the effect of treatment on their metabolism. Results: Ethanol extract of B. ferruginea Stem bark at concentrations of 50 mg/ml – 100 mg/ml, didn't produce any zone of inhibition but from 300-5000mg/ml produce zone of inhibition (ZI) at 2.0018.33 mm (P< 0.05) on culture of clinical S. typhi isolate and on typed S. typhi isolate zones of inhibitions were seen at concentrations 50mg/ml-5000mg/ml, it produced ZI of 8.00 – 26.19 mm(P< 0.05). Minimum inhibitory concentration of the ethanol extract on the clinical S. typhiis 300mg/ml while on the typed isolate the minimum inhibitory concentration of the ethanol extract was 2600 mg/ml on ethanol extract respectively. The MBC for the two S. typhi isolates were 300 mg/ml and 1000 mg/ml respectively. The in-vivo investigation showed the ethanol extract of B. ferruginea stem bark on S. typhi colony forming units per ml (cfu/ml) of suspensions of faeces of infected rats and treated with the ethanol extract of B. ferruginea stem bark decreased significantly (P< 0.05) as the days of the treatment increased while the cfu/ml of the infected but untreated group significantly (P< 0.05) increased. There were no significant (P< 0.05) difference between weights of S. typhi uninfected, infected rats treated with Ciprofloxacin and ethanol extract of B. ferruginea stem bark but weight of the untreated group significantly (P< 0.05) decreased. Preliminary phytochemical screening of stem bark of Bridelia ferruginea ethanol extract revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides and terpenoid were pharmacological importance. Conclusion: The in-vivo antityphoid activity of stem-bark ethanol extract of Bridelia ferruginea was found to be relatively safe against Salmonella typhi.


This study seeks to investigate how journalists at leading national US newspapers and wire services grapple with the impact of technological changes, especially the introduction and growing use of social media in newsrooms. Using a qualitative methodological approach involving in-depth, semi-structured interviews with journalists employed at leading national and regional news organizations such as The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, Los Angeles Times, The Dallas Morning News, Bloomberg News, Reuters and the Associated Press, we explore how journalists view the impact of the growing use of social media, specifically Twitter, on their work environment. We find that while they acknowledged that Twitter facilitated aspects of their work, they almost universally perceived the growing use of this technology as contributing to a variety of tensions and potential conflicts within the newsroom.


Satellite Internet is a promising technology that provides global connectivity and has attracted widespread attention from both industry and academia. However, the open nature of wireless communication links renders Satellite Internet vulnerable to signal spoofing and illegal access attacks. Authentication has been recognized as an effective countermeasure to these attacks. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive survey of existing authentication schemes in Satellite Internet for the first time. We categorize existing authentication schemes into two main scenarios, i.e., the Satellite-based Communication (SATCOM) system and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) scenario. We further divide the literature in the SATCOM scenario into five sub-categories and that in the GNSS scenario into two sub-categories. Finally, we discuss the challenges that existing authentication schemes are facing and will face and further present some future research directions.


A RECENT pamphlet,* which has for its subject the relation of theology and ethics, takes for its text a sentence from the " Statement of Aims" drawn up by the provisional Committee of the recently-formed West London Ethical Society. The sentence is as follows: [Our aim is] "to assist in constructing the theory or science of right, which, starting with the reality and validity of moral distinctions, hall, for the sake of clearness, separate the facts of the moral life as far as possible from metaphysical nd theological presuppositions, hall explain their mental and social origin, and connect them in a logical system of thought." [Before going on to consider the points raised, it should be noted that, as finally amended and adopted by the Society, the sentence runs thus: " To assist in constructing a theory on Science of Right which, starting with the reality and validity of moral distinctions, shall explain their mental and social origin and connect them in a logical system of thought." With the omitted clause the points of Professor Upton's criticism as against the West London Ethical Society disappears. But, though unrepresentative, the sentence may serve still as occasion for discussion of a most important point on which real difference exists.] Professor Upton proceeds to argue: First, that our commonest and simplest mental acts involve metaphysical presuppositions. Second, " Strip your ethics of the metaphysical principle that the inmost spirit of the universe expresses itself with unconditional authority inman's ethical consciousness . . . and you are left with a mere collection of individual pleasures and pains, of individual likings and dislikings; and the only way an ethical preacher, who will not accept this presupposition, canmorally influence society is by endeavoring to develop in his hearers a taste for a higher kind of personal satisfaction. But all experience shows how utterly feeble and futile is this method when compared with a direct


The present invention is an epitaxial layer based on Group IV elements on a silicon substrate by a method of depositing by chemical vapor deposition, using a type of nitrogen or a rare gas as the carrier gas, provides a method. The present invention further includes a chamber (12) having a gas inlet (14) and a gas outlet (16), a chemical vapor deposition apparatus comprising a means (18) for mounting the silicon substrate into the chamber (12) (10 ) provides a, the device is connected to the inlet, yet encompasses arranged gas supply to provide a nitrogen or a rare gas as a carrier gas.


Background: Stroke is a major complication of infective endocarditis (IE). The features and predictors of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke subtypes are unknown. Methods and Results: In this retrospe...


Modified nucleosides (particularly 3' -azido-2', 3' -didesoxythymidine azidothymidine) have been known to be effective inhibitors of HIV (human immunodeficient virus) reproduction in cell cultures and in HIV-infected persons [6, 15, 18]. The molecular mechanism underlying their action involves intracellular triphosphorylation during catalysis by cellular nucleoside kinases. Only after this action do they inhibit the synthesis of proviral DNA either by the termination mechanism and/or the substrate competitive mechanism [6, 15, 18]. However, not all nucleosides can be phosphorylated intracellularly because of the individual properties of cellular nucleoside kinases and therefore do not exhibit antiviral activity. For this reason we undertook a study several years ago to make analogs of nucleotides which would contain a modified phosphonate residue that is resistant to hydrolysis by intercellular enzymes. Such analogs might then be phosphorylated into the corresponding analogs of nucleoside-5'-triphosphates during catalysis by intracellular nucleotide kinases.


Taking into consideration a possible role of actin filaments in muscle contraction, the authors give a review on physical chemical properties of actin in vitro, mainly describing the new results obtained in their laboratory. The dynamic aspect of the monomer-polymer equilibrium of actin coupled with the dephosphorylation of adenosine triphosphate is investigated and the cooperative nature of the polymerization is revealed. A new model of fibrous actin polymer is presented and the possibility of. the intermolecular conformational change of actin polymers is analysed. Some experimental results seem to prove such structure change. Discussions are made concerning the mechanism of movement of actin filaments induced by the interaction with myosin.


Objectives: The purpose of this review is to analyze the current data available on physiology, pathology, epidemiology, and finally clinical implications on the association between endometriosis and nerve fibers. Methods: A semantic review of literature was made of English language publications on databases PubMed and Google Scholar following a Mesh and keyword searching. The studies were finally selected by one author according to the aim of this review. Results: The endometriotic lesion uniformly shows a greater density of nerve fibers on the histopathological assessment when compared to normal tissue. The type of fibers within the lesions is inconstant and will diverge according to the type and location of implants. Peritoneal endometriosis presents higher sensitive lower sympathetic fibers within or near the implants. As peritoneal, the intestinal nodules show the same sensitive predominance, probably explaining the genesis of associated pain at this area. Meanwhile, uterosacral and rectovaginal septum endometriosis are usually deeper and with a higher amount of fibrotic tissue. The density of fibers is greater than normal tissue but tend to show a sympathetic predominance. Ovarian endometrioma is still understood and appears to have less nerve fibers and pain than other locations. Interestingly, the presence of deep infiltrating endometriosis lesions itself shows specific characteristics on distribution, frequency, and type of fibers regarding their locations. At present, the clear association of the histopathological findings to pain symptoms is still poorly known, and more studies are required.


A soil-steel composite bridge is a structure comprised of corrugated steel plates, which are joined with bolted connections, enclosed in friction soil material on both sides and on the top. The sur ...


Objective: The aim and objective of the present study are to study the protective effects of ethanolic extract of Indica tinctoria (EEIT) in isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats. Methods: The effect of two doses of isoproterenol (5 mg/kg and 8.5 mg/kg body weight) changes in aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and total protein (TP) and lipid hydroperoxides, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) in blood serum and heart homogenate, for the two consecutive days (29 and 30), were administered subcutaneously in rats in pre-treatment with EEIT for the 28-day study. Results: There was increased the AST, ALT, LDH, CPK, and lipid peroxides levels and decreased the TP, SOD, GSH with Isoproterenol-induced group. Pre-treatment for 28 days with Indigofera tinctoria significantly (p<0.05) increased antioxidants (SOD , GSH) , TP levels and decreased the cardiotoxic agents significantly (p<0.05) such as LPO, AST, ALT, LDH, and CPK levels in treatment groups. Conclusion: I. tinctoria contains beneficial bioactive photochemicals that have been protective effective against isoproterenol-induced AMI in rats.


The development of efficient transformation protocols in several legume species has opened the possibility to use T-DNA insertional mutagenesis to investigate legume-specific processes such as symbiosis. A T-DNA mutagenesis approach was initiated in the model legume Medicago truncatula by constructing a small collection of 1000 M. truncatula T-DNA lines, using in vitro-mediated transformation-regeneration protocols. In this T-DNA collection, mutant phenotypes were observed but generally did not result from the disruption of genes by the T-DNA but most probably from somaclonal mutations induced by the in vitro regeneration process or by unsuccess-ful T-DNA integration events resulting in small (undetectable) insertions or deletions in the genome of the regenerated plants. In addition, a promoter trap approach was also not very successful for gene discovery because aberrant gene fusions were observed in this collection. Therefore, the T-DNA mutagenesis approach in M. truncatula seems to be limited by the lack of an efficient in planta transformation protocol that would allow the generation of a large mutant collection suitable for reverse genetic studies. Thus, there is a need for the development of alternative tools for efficient gene disruption in legumes.


With such a subject as Thomas Sydenham, the great practical physician who did so much by his works and precepts to give a bent to English medicine ; with such a period for the setting of his tale as is given by the time of the civil war, of the plague, of the Restoration, and with the task entrusted to so careful a writer as Dr. Payne, it is not surprising that we have in this volume an interesting and suggestive record of a life and a pleasant literary exercise. Thomas Sydenham was born at Wynford Eagle and baptised September 10, 1624. He was the fifth son of William Sydenham, of Wynford Eagle and Mary his wife, daughter of Sir John Jeffery, Knt., of Catherston, and he was brought up in his country home under the influence of a conscientious father, a pious mother, and manly elder brothers. At this time the nation was rent into parties, both in politics and in religion. It was in a strong Puritan and Parliamentary atmosphere that Sydenham passed his boyhood, and when he went to Oxford and entered at Magdalen Hall he found himself in what was the great centre of Oxford Puritanism. But Sydenham was not destined to profit very long by his association with his college, for his university career was cut short at its outset by political eventsIn the summer of 1642 the conflict between the King and the Parliament was rapidly proceeding to its final rupture. In May the Parliament called out the Militia in defiance of the King s prohibition ; at the very moment when Sydenham was entering at Oxford, the trained bands in London were being drilled in Finsbury fields ; and when in August the King raised his standard at Nottingham, the country was actually in a state of civil war. This gave the key to much of the drift of the first part of Sydenham's career. His family connections and the state of parties in his native county, placing him inevitably on the side of the Parliament) and Oxford siding with the King, Sydenham left the University, and instead of our finding him at eighteen devoted to serious studies, we see him at once involved in the exciting events of that period. Five years later, namely, in 1647, Sydenham again went into residence in Oxford at his old college. Parliament was


Three methods for perceptual rating of audio stimuli were compared. The Visual Analogue Scale, VAS, was implemented as two computer programs and compared to the VAS on paper. The first program is a straight-forward implementation, the second program introduces the Visual Sort and Rate method, VSR. VSR allows the subject to compare stimuli of similar rating to each other, thus making the ordering of the stimuli easier. The three methods were compared by using a series of stimuli having different spectral tilt. Results show that the VSR method gives better reliability in the subjects' ratings. Average correlation coefficients increased from 0.93 for VAS on paper, to 0.95 for Computer based VAS and 0.98 for the VSR method.


The invention discloses a liquid organic fertilizer additive and a preparation method, which relates to the technical field of a fertilizer additive. The liquid organic fertilizer additive comprises the following raw materials by weight: 4-10 parts of silkworm excrement, 4-10 parts of molasses alcohol broth, 0.5-1.5 parts of oligosaccharides, 1-2 parts of dried yeast and 40-70 parts of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: placing the silkworm excrement in boiled water with 100 DEG C for immersing for 6 hours, dumping a molasses alcohol broth and uniformly stirring, then storing at a shade place and standing for 20-30 minutes, placing the dried yeast and oligosaccharides for fermentation, wherein the fermentation time is 30 days, forming sour flavor, and filtering the broth to obtain the product. The liquid organic fertilizer additive can provide comprehensive nutrition to crops and increase fertilizer efficiency, increases and updates the soil organic matter, and promotes the microbe breeding.


High temperatures and non-uniform temperatures both have a negative bearing on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The temperature of proton exchange membrane fuel cells can be lowered by reasonably distributed cooling channels. The flow field distribution of five different cooling plates is designed, and the temperature uniformity, pressure drop and velocity of each cooling flow field are analyzed by computational fluid dynamics technology. The results show that while the pressure drop is high, the flow channel distribution of a multi-spiral flow field and honeycomb structure flow field contribute more to improving the temperature uniformity. As the coolant is blocked by the uniform plate, it is found that although the flow field channel with a uniform plate has poor performance in terms of temperature uniformity, its heat dissipation capacity is still better than that of the traditional serpentine flow field. The multi-spiral flow field has the strongest ability to maintain the temperature stability in the cooling plate when the heat flux increases. The increase in Reynolds number, although increasing the pressure drop, can reduce the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the flow field, ameliorate the temperature uniformity and improve the heat transfer capacity of the cooling plate.


Aminoglycosides is a kind of widely used antibiotics in stockbreeding.The residues in animal-derived food may be severely harmful for human health.In this paper,the main detection methods for aminoglycoside residues in animal-derived food were reviewed,and the development trend was forecasted.


The paper analyzes and compares the current domestic production process of tetrachlorethylene,describes the advantages and promotional value of tetrachlorethylene production with carbon tetrachloride.Around the common equipment corrosion and product quality problem,tetrachlorethylene production process is optimized and adjusted,thereby improving the product quality and achieving better economic efficiency.


To keep the atomicity and consistency when complex heterogeneous and loosely coupled Web composition transaction failed,a structured composition compensation and refinement method based on paired Petri-net is proposed.The method solves the problem of abstract modeling in complex multi-partnership business process.Firstly,four basic composition compensation structures are defined on the basis of paired Petri-net,such as sequence,parallel,alternative and iteration.Secondly,the concept of composition process refinement is introduced and the proof of some related qualities after refinement is presented.The feasibility of this method is proved by a case study.


The purpose of this research is to examine the anxiety of pre-service teachers' not to be appointed to teachership in terms of level of hopelessness, gender, school type. This research is a quantitative study with a descriptive model. The participants of the research are 1381 females and 423 males pre-service teachers. The data of the research were collected through "Anxiety Of Pre-Service Teachers' Not To Be Appointed To Teachership Scale" and "Beck Hopelessness Scale". it was found that the fear of not to be appointed to teachership of female pre-service teachers was significantly higher than male pre-service teachers. It was concluded that the pre-service teachers studing at state university have higher score fears of not to be appointed to teachership and the anxiety of not being appointed is directly proportional to the level of hopelessness.


The invention diol polyester having at least a straight-chain polyester to provide for an image forming toner comprising polyester resin (b1), wherein the straight-chain polyester resin (b1) is a polyhydroxy carboxylic acid skeleton as a binder resin (b11 ) it is obtained by reacting a polyester diol (a polyester diol (b12) other than b11) in the presence of a chain extender.


Background. Medical treatment of the oral region under local anaesthesia is causing intense anxiety. Clinical hyp− nosis could be a non−invasive therapeutic option to increase treatment comfort and surgical circumstances. Such hypnosis treatment depends to a great extent on the active cooperation of the patient. Objectives. To collect information concerning the general degree of acceptance of hypnosis in dental patients and moreover to quantify the individual motivation towards acceptance of such a treatment option under conditions of dental treatment. Material and Methods. 1134 dental patients from 12 practices in 3 Federal States of Germany were involved in a survey on the acceptance of clinical hypnosis, and filled out a questionnaire consisting of 21 questions. Results. Despite a low level of specific knowledge among participants, study results proved a high degree of accep− tance of hypnosis by patients treated in a dental practice. Conclusions. Low usage of clinical hypnosis in dentistry cannot be explained by low acceptance on behalf of patients. The effectiveness of this treatment option should be examined in valid clinical studies (Dent. Med. Probl 2009, 46, 1, 41–48).


In encyclopaedic dictionaries published until 1955, the word "tumour" was defined as an "occupational disease suffered by the workers of chemical industries", thus referring to a very specific cause [...].


Differential privacy is a paradigm of big data privacy protection that offers protection even when an attacker has arbitrary background knowledge in advance. Consequently, it is viewed as a reliable protection mechanism for sensitive information. Differential privacy introduces noise, such as Laplace noise, to obfuscate the true values in a data set while preserving its statistical properties. However, a large amount of Laplace noise added into a data set is typically defined by the discursive scale parameter of Laplace distribution. The privacy budget <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\varepsilon$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>ɛ</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="tsou-ieq1-2916108.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> in differential privacy has been theoretically interpreted, but the implication on the risk of data disclosure (<italic>RoD</italic>) in practice has not yet been well studied. Moreover, choosing an appropriate value for <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\varepsilon$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>ɛ</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="tsou-ieq2-2916108.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> is not straightforward because it considerably affects the level of privacy in a data set. In this paper, we define and evaluate <italic>RoD</italic> in a data set with either numerical or binary attributes for numerical or counting queries with multiple attributes based on noise estimation. Through confidence probability of noise estimation, we provide a simple method to select the privacy budget <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\varepsilon$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>ɛ</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="tsou-ieq3-2916108.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> for differential privacy and associate differential privacy with <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>k</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="tsou-ieq4-2916108.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>-anonymization. Finally, we show the relationship between the <italic>RoD</italic> and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\varepsilon$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>ɛ</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="tsou-ieq5-2916108.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> as well as between <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\varepsilon$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>ɛ</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="tsou-ieq6-2916108.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>k</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="tsou-ieq7-2916108.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> in our experimental results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study using the quantity of noise as a bridge to evaluate <italic>RoD</italic> for multiple attributes (either numerical or binary data) and determine the relationship between differential privacy and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>k</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="tsou-ieq8-2916108.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>-anonymization.


Annual monitoring of the population dynamics of Helicoverpa armigera in unprotected pigeonpea crop during kharif seasons of 2011 to 2014 for 4 years at the farmers field North Gujarat, India. Temperature, rainfall and host-plant species were analyzed with respect to population fluctuation of the insect pest. The observations revealed that, the average number of larval population per plant in the season (from 27th to 3rd standard weeks) was 0.97, 0.32, 0.30 and 0.38 larvae/plant during 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 respectively. Population of Helicoverpa armigera had significant and negative correlation with maximum temperature (r= -0.524), rainfall (r= 0.079) and relative humidity (r= -0.827, r= -0.595 morning and evening, respectively).


The research of exhausted exercise is beneficial to find out that over-exercise or long-time heavy physical labor has harmful effect on human body,and find out the mechanism of injury.We can prevent the harmful effects of exercise to human body.It provides theory and experiment basis to research motion fatigue and enginery recovery of human body.Methods: This experiment adopted spectrophotography and RT-PCR technology to research SOD activity and mRNA expression in rats' cardiac muscles after the exhausted swimming and in different recovery phase.60 adult health male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group at rest(C,n=12),a group after exhausted swimming immediately(E1,n=12),a group 1 hour after exhausted swimming(E2,n=12),a group 4 hours after exhausted swimming(E3,n=12),and a group 24 hours after exhausted swimming(E4,n=12).Results: Mn-SOD activities have elevating trend after exhausted exercise.Mn-SOD activities descend 24 hours after exhausted exercise,but they are higher than the control group at rest then.CuZn-SOD activities in rats' cardiac muscles in the group after exhausted swimming immediately,1 hour and 4 hours after exhausted swimming descend significantly compared with the control group at rest(P0.05).CuZn-SOD activities in the group 24 hours after exhausted swimming ascend significantly compared with the exhausted exercise immediately(P0.05).CuZn-SOD mRNA expression is induced by exhausted exercise.In the stage of recovery after exhausted exercise,CuZn-SOD mRNA expression has descending trend.Mn-SOD mRNA expression is increased gradually by exhausted exercise,and decreased until 24 hours after exhausted swimming.Conclusion: Mitochondrion is abundant in cardiac muscles.There are difference in subcellular localization and characteristic between CuZn-SOD and Mn-SOD,which results in different reaction in two SOD isoenzymes to exercise.The effects of exercise to CuZn-SOD and Mn-SOD happen before transcription.In the stage of recovery after exhausted exercise,CuZn-SOD mRNA expression retains high level,and Mn-SOD mRNA expression continues increasing.Mn-SOD activity keeps in high level,and CuZn-SOD activities continue increasing.They maintain strong antioxidation,and reduce the damage to cells from free radical.


Postcard No. 2074 printed in colour by Braune & Levy. From the thesis "A Pretoria City Block" by A.P.S. Voutsas and R. Findlay, presented for the degree of Bachelor of Architecture at the University of the Witwatersrand in 1949.


The purpose of this article is to assist nurses and other health care professionals in understanding their own culture and their perceptions of racism and prejudice as the beginning step in delivering and promoting culturally congruent nursing care. Through the process of understanding the cultural self, nurses and other health care professionals can begin to understand the cultural other. Through this process, nurses and other health care professionals can promote the cultural health and well-being of those they serve through health care.


This study aims to: 1) Determine the effect of active sludge on reducing pollutant levels in liquid waste; 2) Knowing the combination of activated sludge and liquid waste in order to reduce environmental pollution. The type of research used is True Experimental Design research using a completely randomized design (CRD). This study consisted of 4 treatments with 5 repetitions so that there were 20 units. The first treatment was used as a control containing 100% liquid waste from food factories, the second treatment used 10 grams of activated sludge and 500 ml of food factory liquid waste, the third treatment used 10 grams of activated sludge and 600 ml of food factory liquid waste, and the fourth treatment used 10 grams activated sludge and 700 ml of food waste. The results showed that the process of acclimatization of activated sludge to liquid food waste had an effect on reducing pollutant levels of liquid food waste, as seen from the decrease in TSS (Total Suspended Solid) from 3.68 mg⁄L to 1.34 mg⁄L in treatment A, 1.3 mg⁄L treatment B, 1.32 mg⁄L in treatment C, COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) from 32.16 mg⁄L decreased to 8.32 mg⁄L in treatment A, 11.84 mg⁄L in treatment B, and 9.28 mg⁄L in treatment C, and BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) from 16.14 mg⁄L decreased to 4.12 mg⁄L in treatment A, 5.7 mg⁄L in treatment B , and 5.4 mg⁄L in treatment C and the effect of activated sludge treatment on liquid waste was evident that treatment A (10 grams of activated sludge and 500 ml of food liquid waste) had a significant effect on reducing pollutant levels from food factory wastewater.


Purpose of study Hospitalised neonates and adults with hypoxemia are often given high oxygen concentrations (hyperoxia). The exact effects of administering hyperoxia are unknown; however, prolonged hyperoxia is associated with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) in neonates and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in adults. We created a novel strain of hyperoxia tolerant rats by repeatedly breeding a single naturally hyperoxia tolerant rat and its tolerant offspring. Adult tolerant rats survive indefinitely while all adult control rats die in hyperoxia. Adult tolerant rats have higher alveolar macrophage precursor (bone marrow mononuclear cell {BMM}) levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)—an anti-inflammatory antioxidant—and develop less lung injury and inflammation (acute lung injury) than adult control rats after hyperoxia. Because of considerable interest in hyperoxia effects on neonates, we evaluated BMM HO-1 levels and acute lung injury in neonatal control and tolerant rats before and after hyperoxia. Methods used Bone marrow from femurs of male neonatal (21-day-old) control and tolerant rats was harvested from unexposed and hyperoxia exposed (~52 hour) rats. BMM were counted and analysed (ELISA) for HO-1 expression. Acute lung injury (lung lavage LDH and protein levels) and lung inflammation (lung lavage neutrophils) were measured. Summary of results After hyperoxia, neonatal tolerant rats have higher (p<0.005) BMM HO-1 levels and less LDH (p<0.005) and protein (p<0.05) but the same (p>0.05) neutrophils compared to neonatal control rats. Notably, pre-hyperoxia, neonatal control rats have higher (p<0.05) BMM HO-1 levels than neonatal tolerant rats; however, after hyperoxia, BMM HO-1 levels from neonatal control rats decrease (p<0.005) to below pre-hyperoxia baseline levels while BMM HO-1 levels of neonatal tolerant rats triple (p<0.05). Conclusions BMM HO-1 levels of neonatal control rats do not increase following hyperoxia and are associated with increased acute lung injury. By comparison, neonatal tolerant rats have increased BMM HO-1 levels and reduced acute lung injury. BMM HO-1 increases may decrease lung injury in BPD related to hyperoxia treatment.


Quality of learning students experience is heavily dependent on the effectiveness of course design. Assessments are a key component in course design and students determine their level of involvement in a learning activity based on whether it is assessed or not. Assessments are therefore a powerful tool that lecturers can utilise to drive learning. However, designing effective assessments to stimulate learning is challenging in the presence of disciplinary, contextual dimensions. A case study approach is adopted to demonstrate how effective integrated assessment schemes may be developed and implemented for construction education. The scheme in the case study amalgamated case-based learning, online quizzes and adaptive eTests to provide a variety of assessments, aligned with lecture topics and contemporary real-word scenarios. It was found that the presence of both formative and summative tasks in the assessment scheme complemented each other, kept students constantly motivated and engaged in learning, and resulted in a good learning experience for them. The study provide evidence, and valuable insights and tips for lecturers in similar degree programs as to how they could modify pedagogical styles in their courses for better learning experiences for students and improved teaching ratings for themselves. Keywords : Pedagogy, Integrated assessment, Case-based learning, Online quiz, Adaptive eLearning


The publication of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has considerable implications for social work practice, teaching and research. Like its predecessors, the DSM-5 contains some fundamental flaws in terms of weak scientific foundations, logical errors, and an unwarranted justification of the scope of psychiatric practice far beyond the areas in which medical doctors are specifically trained. Additional new problems are now found in the DSM-5, including, most fundamentally, its definition of mental disorder. This paper reviews some of these significant problems with the DSM-5 in the hope that Korean social workers who make use of this document, as well as social workers around the world, do so with an awareness of the significant limitations of this particular method of assessing and diagnosing problems in overt behavior, affect, and cognition.


As early as the second half of the 19th century, Charles Darwin hypothesized as a part of his pangenesis theory that every cell type in the body could generate minute size "gemmules" full of molecules to communicate with other cell types (Darwin, 1868). This seminal intuition fell unnoticed for more than 150 years until contemporary scientists may recognize extracellular vesicles (EVs) in Darwin's gemmules (Liu andChen, 2018;Margolis and Sadovsky, 2019; Bergese et al., 2020).Nowadays it has been clearly shown that cells from different organisms, including eukaryotes, both animals (from yeast tomammals) and plants, but also prokaryotic cells, have been demonstrated to release vesicles into the extracellular environment either constitutively or following cell stimulation. EVs have also been isolated from diverse body fluids, including blood, urine, saliva, breast milk, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, bile, and semen (Keller et al., 2011; Kalluri and LeBleu, 2020). All EVs are lipid-membrane encapsulated particles filled of cellular content, comprising proteins, metabolites, nucleic acids, lipids, and even entire organelles, some of them specifically sorted and enriched in EVpopulations with a pattern reflective of cell functions and conditions (Raposo and Stoorvogel, 2013; Yáñez-Mó et al., 2015;Meldolesi, 2018; VanNiel et al., 2018). Very far from representing a tool to eliminate waste material, as hypothesized at the beginning, EVs are able to target specific cells and deliver molecules that induce specific cell response (Van Niel et al., 2018; Kalluri and LeBleu, 2020; Mantile et al., 2020). Therefore, EV-based cell communication has become an extremely intriguing mechanism that attracted a lot of scientists for its great potential in basic as well as applied research.


A method of solution for a fixed and nonstaggered grid is proposed. This method is obtained by a modification of the standard method of integration applied in the Galerkin procedure. The proposed approach can be used to the linear basis functions. For approximation of any function in an element, the weighted averages of weighting parameter ω are used. This approach yields a six-point implicit scheme that can be used either for the transport equation with dominated advection or for the full flow equations and their simplifications. It ensures a uniform approach to the solution of both problems. The particular cases of this method are the various well-known difference schemes and the standard finite-element method. The Fourier analysis carried out for the linear equations showed that the proposed approach has advantageous numerical properties. It has been confirmed by calculations carried out for the different kinds of transport and flow.


To our regret the paper Ordered Partial Combinatory Algebras contains
a mistake which we correct here The flaw concerns the definition of compu
tational density definition
3.5 which appeared in section 3.3
page
451 This
definition is too rigid and as a consequence Lemma
3.6 on page
452 is false
We will first give the correct definition of computational density and show how
the computationally dense maps give rise to geometric morphisms of triposes.
Then we state the correct version of lemma
3.6 and its proof.


The mode field of a kind of photonic crystal fiber structure with hexagon symmetry hole cladding is analyzed by multipole method, the effective refractive indexes of base mode of different wave length are got, and the characteristics of this photonic crystal fiber grating by coupled-mode method and transmission matrix method are also computed and simulated, then the differences between conventional fiber grating and photonic crystal fiber grating on their reflection spectrum are compared. The changes of photonic crystal fiber grating resonant wavelength with the structural of photonic crystal fiber changing are analyzed. Photonic crystal fiber grating had the shorter resonant wavelength, with the radius of photonic crystal fiber pillars processed. Photonic crystal fiber grating had the longer resonant wavelength, with the layers of photonic crystal fiber pillars processed but same radius.


Operation conditions of the III-V solar cells in the concentrator photovoltaic modules are characterized by nonuniform light intensity distribution on the cell surface. Such conditions have an influence on the temperature coefficients of concentrator cell parameters. This work presents the experimental results of study of the GaAs single-junction concentrator cell parameters behavior as a function of temperature and concentrated light intensity distribution. All measurements were carried out on solar cells used in the space concentrator modules based on point focus Fresnel lenses. It has been shown, that the nonuniform irradiance has an effect on the concentrator cell temperature coefficients, which have always been evaluated with allowance for the real light intensity distribution formed by a concentrator.


Translated from Zavod. Lab.; 39: No. 4, 430-432(Apr 1973). USA-5 spectral equipment is used in the spill method. The operating principle consists of applying a powdered sample pulverized to 200 mesh into an arc discharge. Zirconium and disthene concentrates were analyzed with an analysis error of 5 to 6%. (LK)


A five-year demonstration project launched by the North Carolina Medicaid program to help reduce high levels of tooth decay in the state's most vulnerable children has proven successful.

![Figure][1]

Dr. Rozier

The effort, led by a broad coalition representing medicine, dentistry and


The Multiple-Square-Root Minimization Problem (MSR) has an objective function that consists of a sum of a linear term and at least two square root terms. The Lagrangian sub-problem for the LMRP is a typical MSR problem and there are other MSR problems in real life. A simple example is that we add other concave costs besides the safety stock cost to the LMRP, such as the labor cost and even minimize the negation of the revenue. We tested a sort of heuristic involved, similar to the method to solve the problem of the LMRP vibrational days, and we explore the heuristic is probably the most optimal condition. The accuracy of this approach is declining at a slow rate, because the number of square roots is increasing, and when the number is not too large, it stays at a higher level.


Bilateral agenesis of the internal carotid artery is a rare anomaly of embryonic development frequently associated with intracranial aneurysm. We describe a case involving an aneurysm that burst in the third middle of the basilar artery and exhibited a bilateral agenesis of the internal carotid artery. The aneurysm was treated via an endovascular route using detachable coils.


Indigenous Americans are not well represented by mainstream psychology and its reductionistic tenets. As psychology developed, it could not help but to be implicitly biased by the surrounding hierarchical colonial culture—a culture in which Indigenous people and many others were conquered, oppressed, dehumanized, devalued, neglected, and excluded. An Indigenous worldview views humans as co-equal partners of an interdependent holistic system. Striving for healthy relationships with others is foundational to psychological health and well-being from an Indigenous perspective. Discrete entities (including self), independence, autonomy, and hierarchy are considered artificial mainstream conceptualizations that have negatively impacted the well-being of humans and the natural world. Indigenous American psychology appreciates the sacred nature of the whole and its entities, approaching professional psychology with the humility and respect that interacting with sacred entities warrants. Essential tenets of an Indigenous American Psychological Paradigm (IAPP) are discussed therein as an alternative to existing mainstream beliefs. An IAPP offers the ability to address intergenerational psychological problems holistically across time in ways that mainstream psychology has been unable. Psychology is ultimately strengthened by an ability to conceptualize psychology through the new lenses of alternative paradigms such as this one.


The pressure-area isotherms at air-water interface of pure protein (bovine serum albumin, E-lactoglobulin, D -lactalbumin) and pure fatty acid (stearic acid and arachidic acid) and their mixtures of different weight fractions have been studied at pH 3.0, 7.0 and 12.0 respectively using Langmuir balance method. The surface pressures Sof protein monolayer at different surface areas A of the pure proteins at different pH-values of the subphase are fitted in a virial equation expressed in linear form so that virial coefficients of different proteins have been evaluated at fixed pH. From the plot of second virial co-efficient Bs against several pH values, the isoelectric pH of BSA adsorbed at air-water interface is observed to be 7.0. From the analysis of S� - A curves for the fatty acid and pure protein of several binary surface compositions, S - A curves for their mixtures have been obtained. These experimental values have been compared with their ideal values using additivity rule. Such analysis indicates that fatty acid and protein undergo binding interaction in monolayer phase at a given value of in many cases.


This invited contribution provides insights for im- plementation of millimeter-wave and terahertz wireless systems on a chip (MTWSOC). We present an overview of important software and simulation tools and key layout issues and design rules for millimeter-wave (mmWave) circuits. An example of a recently fabricated 0.18µm CMOS integrated circuit by the Wireless Networking and Communications Group (WNCG) at The University of Texas at Austin is presented. The example chip includes 60 GHz on-chip antennas, an array of transmission lines, and IMPATT diodes. Index Terms—60 GHz, millimeter-wave, on-chip antenna, IM- PATT diode, CPW, Transmission Lines, RFIC, CMOS, WPAN, SOC, MTWS


Regional autonomy is an effort to empower regions to manage resources with their own interests, priorities and potential. To increase local-generated revenue is a conventional effort that local govertments can do to improve the financial capacity of their regions. Potensial defference in regional economic allows certainregions to seek increased locally-generated revenue through efforts to explore regional economic potentials that are not utilised yet. This study aims to determine the effect of Gross Regional Domestic Product, Government Expenditures and Population Ammounts to the Original regional income in North Sumatera in periode 2013-2018. This research uses panel data regressio. The data was taken from the official website of the North Sumatera central Statistics Agency. From the results of the analysis it was found that the variabel government expenditure and population affected the locally-generated revenue. While the gross regional domestic product variable has no effect on locally-generated revenue


* ARCHAEOLOGY AND THE MEDIA: AN INTRODUCTIONMarcus Brittain and Timothy Clack* A SHORT HISTORY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL COMMUNICATIONKarol Kulik* SCREENING BIASES: ARCHAEOLOGY, TELEVISION AND THE BANALTimothy Taylor* FAKING IT: WHY THE TRUTH IS SO IMPORTANT FOR TV ARCHAEOLOGYAngela Piccini* WORLDWONDERS AND WONDERWORLDS: A FESTIVAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FILMTom Stern* IN THE CAMERA'S LENS: AN INTERVIEW WITH BRIAN FAGAN AND FRANCIS PRYORBrian Fagan and Francis Pryor* NOT ARCHAEOLOGY AND THE MEDIAPeter Fowler* GREAT WAR, GREAT STORY: A PERSONAL VIEW OF MEDIAS AND GREAT WAR ARCHAEOLOGYJon Price* THE ICONOGRAPHY OF EXHUMATION: REPRESENTATIONS OF MASS GRAVES FROM THE SPANISH CIVIL WARLayla Renshaw* AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL FASHION SHOW: HOW ARCHAEOLOGISTS DRESS AND HOW THEY ARE PORTRAYED IN THE MEDIACornelius Holtorf* ARCHAEOLOGY AND THE GERMAN PRESSMarion Benz and Anna Katrien Liedmeier* DARKNESS DISSEMINATED: LENNART LARSEN'S IMAGES AS PHOTOJOURNALISM, POP ARCHAEOLOGY, AND WORKS OF ARTChristine Finn* THE PAST AS PLAYGROUND: THE ANCIENT WORLD IN VIDEO GAME REPRESENTATIONAndrew Gardner* DIGITAL MEDIA, ARCHAEOLOGICAL DESIGN AND THE POLITICS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL AUTHORSHIPMichael Shanks* RETHINKING MEDIA AND IMAGE: HOW ARCHAEOLOGICAL OBJECTS AND PRACTICES RELATE TO THE PAST AND MATTER TO THE PRESENT AND FUTUREStephanie Koerner


The cultivation of harmonious undertaking-starting and social culture,encouragement of harmonious undertaking-starting energy,and acceleration of economy development and society harmony have become the prominent theory and practical task in the construction of socialistic harmonious society.The core task and sector to cultivate harmonious undertaking-starting and social culture is the value system construction of harmonious undertaking-starting and culture.Therefore,the value system construction of harmonious undertaking-starting and social culture by means of enacting scientific value goal,innovating value realization ways,widening value origin is strategically important task to cultivate harmonious undertaking-starting and social culture,create harmonious undertaking-starting and social atmosphere and environment,to form the harmonious undertaking-starting development mode of mass' creation of family property,able persons' creation of enterprise and cadres' creation of cause and to lay solid material base for the construction of harmonious socialistic society.


Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNTFET) refers to a field-effect transistor that utilizes a single carbon nanotube or an array of carbon nanotubes as the channel material instead of bulk silicon in the traditional MOSFET structure. Since it was first demonstrated in 1998, there have been tremendous developments in CNTFETs, which promise for an alternative material to replace silicon in future electronics. Carbon nanotubes are promising materials for the nano-scale electron devices such as nanotube FETs for ultra-high density integrated circuits and quantum-effect devices for novel intelligent circuits, which are expected to bring a breakthrough in the present silicon technology.
A Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) is designed to plug two needs: i) The SRAM provides as cache memory, communicating between central processing unit and Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). ii) The SRAM technology act as driving force for low power application since SRAM is portable compared to DRAM, and SRAM doesn't require any refresh current. On the basis of acquired knowledge, we present different SRAM's designed for the conventional CNTFET. HSPICE simulations of this circuit using Stanford CNTFET model shows a great improvement in power saving.


This is a qualitative case study, which explores secondary teachers' perspectives on the benefits of, and barriers to, education outside the classroom (EOTC). To gain a cross section of perspectives ten teachers from six different learning areas within one school were interviewed. While participants recognised the benefits of EOTC for developing, practicing, and demonstrating key competencies across the curriculum, most still positioned EOTC as camps and outdoor education. There were also a range of barriers which discouraged many of the teachers from going outside the classroom in their own learning areas, although many of these barriers had been overcome especially around camps. This case study while specific to one school does raise some potential issues around the policies, practices, and promotion of EOTC.


The release of players from a club to the national team often leads to a conflict concerning the duration of the players' stay with the national team. Based on a theoretical bargaining model, we examine whether intervention in this conflict by a governing body is desirable. We show that bargaining between the club and the national team yields a socially inefficient outcome if financial compensation is either prohibited or limited. If, however, the national team is allowed to pay unlimited financial compensation to the club, it is not necessary to intervene in the negotiations because the bargaining outcome will be socially optimal.


With the establishment and perfect of market economy in China,the contemporary household register system is less and less adapted to the demand of city development and obstructs the progress of agriculture population's civilization,and leads to the differences between the social crowds to some extent,violating the citizen's right.The reform should be carried out to strengthen the construction in economy,culture and education as soon as possible,shorten and eliminate the gap of development between western China and eastern areas and big cities,push forward the reform of employment and social guarantee system,improve the administration efficiency and service level,further perfect the population management,adjust the migration policy of the city population,continue to loosen the restriction on population flow and strengthen the legislation construction of the household register law.


The compute and memory demands for deep learning and machine learning (ML) have increased by several orders of magnitude in just the last couple of years, and there is no end in sight. Traditional improvements in processor performance alone struggle to keep up with the exponential demand. A new chip architecture co-designed with the ML algorithms can be better equipped to satisfy this unprecedented demand and enable the ML workloads of the future. This article describes the Cerebras architecture and how it is designed specifically with this purpose, from the ground up, as a wafer-sized chip to enable emerging extreme-scale ML models. It uses fine-grained data flow compute cores to accelerate unstructured sparsity, distributed static random-access memory for full memory bandwidth to the data paths, and a specially designed on-chip and off-chip interconnect for ML training. With these techniques, the Cerebras architecture provides unique capabilities beyond traditional designs.


The distribution of scarce resources Rationing of scarce medical resources evokes profound responses from those who would access these resources and those who would distribute the resources. On the one hand, autonomous libertarians will argue that people with more financial resources have the right to purchase better health care than poor people, while group utilitarians will argue for a more equitable distribution of communal clinical resources. The difficulty arises in finding the common ground. In the discussions that follow, I have mostly tried to use examples regarding kidney donation by living donors. The living donors constitute three distinct groups: directed donation to a loved one or friend; non-directed donation to the general pool (this is the usual situation in cadaver donation); and directed donation to a stranger (as in the kidneys for sale above). Persad et al have suggested eight simple ethical principles that govern the allocation of resources. They grouped these into four categories: equality of opportunity (examples are lotteries and 'first-come-firstserved'), prioritarianism (examples are 'sickest first' and 'youngest first'), utilitarianism (examples are 'saving the most lives' and 'saving the most life-years'), and rewarding social usefulness (examples are 'instrumental value' and 'reciprocity'). Some of these principles are self-explanatory but others require further elucidation. Ethical musing about the allocation of scarce resources, renal transplants and commercialisation


To optimize the microwave-assisted extraction technique of polysaccharide from Polyporus umbellatus,the effects of the liquid to solid ratio,p H,microwave power,extraction time,extraction number and their interaction on extaction were studied by Box-Behnken design. The predictive model and reliability were developed by Design Expert software and response surface analysis(RSM). The optimal extraction conditions were achieved and listed as follows:liquid-to-solid ratio 30 ∶1 m L/g,p H 6.6,microwave power 614 W,extraction time 2.5 mins,extraction number 3 times. Under these conditions,the extraction yield of polysaccharide was up to6.75%. The extraction conditions achieved by RSM provided technical support for the industrial production of polysaccharide from Polyporus umbellatus.


The invention discloses an electronic answering system based on a ZigBee protocol. The electronic answering system comprises at least one router, at least one hand-held terminal and a coordinator which is used for authentication of the router and the hand-held terminal, wherein routers are connected with one another or connected with the coordinator, the hand-held terminal is connected with the at least one router or the coordinator, the coordinator receives and stores messages which are sent by the terminal or forwarded by the at least one router, and sends messages to the hand-held terminal, and the hand-held terminal receives the messages which are sent by the coordinator or forwarded by the at least one router. According to the electronic answering system based on the ZigBee protocol, the whole system is based on the ZigBee protocol, signal transmission is stable and reliable, a ZigBee network is formed by the coordinator and a plurality of routers, the network capacity is high, the expandability is good, weak signals and dead zones can be effectively removed, requirements for the hand-held terminal are low, and the matched hand-held terminal is small in size and convenient to carry about.


Though the word Environmental Justice has become popular in the field of planning, its meaning and definition remain unclear. This paper is intended to clarify the reality of Environmental Justice based on web search and philological analyses. Results clarify that, in the U.S., it has come to mean equality among different ethnic groups among most cases. Several countries already have planning tips and systems based on the concept of Environmental Justice. Score Cards in the U.S., Environmental Tribunals in UK and Environmental Police in a few counties are typical examples.


Background: There is a fundamental correlation between follicles and endometrium in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles.
Objective: To assess the relation between perifollicular perfusion and sub endometrial parameters in Doppler ultrasonography and outcome of in ICSI cycles.
Materials and Methods: In this prospective deh1ive pilot study 10 patients were enrolled. Strict inclusion criteria were considered. Routine long protocol was used for ICSI. On the day of follicle retrieval colour Doppler indices were determined. Sub endometrial pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) and perifollicular perfusion were assessed. After oocyte retrieval the count of metaphase 2 (M2) oocytes emberyo with grade A quality and the result of cycle were evaluated also.
Results: RI and PI indices had a positive correlation. Follicles with ≥18 mm diameter and follicles with g75% perfusion had a direct relation. Also subendometrial RI had a significant relation with follicular status (p-value= 0.04) But there was not a significant triple correlation (between endometrium follicles and outcome).
Conclusion: The mutual effects of vascularization status in two fundamental parts in ART is still unclear. The evaluation with Doppler ultrasonography should focus on two compartments together as one functional part at the same time. It means even in presence of good markers in each part the final decision must be taken by co-evaluation of follicles and endometrium.


We present a formulation for the effect of the osmotic pressure of the soil solution on the availability of soil water for plant uptake in the extreme case that the reflection coefficient of root-cell walls is always unity. We also present a new equation to fit the water retention curve, which allows for an inflection point and is solidly anchored at both the wet end (saturated water content) and the dry end (water content at 150 m head, the permanent wilting point). By differentiating the fitting-equation one finds the differential water capacity, which is subsequently multiplied by a weighting function to account for the impediment caused by soluble salts. The weighted differential water capacity is then integrated over the entire range of the matric head from zero to infinity. This produces the integral water capacity and constitutes the total amount of water the soil can hold and release to a hypothetical plant that behaves like a perfect osmometer. We illustrate the approach using data found in the literature for a wide range of soil textures. In this paper the lower boundary of water availability in the presence of soluble salts is defined and calculated as would be registered by a perfect osmometer (reflection coefficient of unity). The upper boundary of water availability is found by setting the weighting coefficient at unity at all times, which implies a reflection coefficient of zero, and in turn that the salts in the soil solution have no influence on the availability of water (as would be registered by a tensiometer). The upper and the lower boundaries constitute the envelope within which the actual availability of water to real plants occurs, and implies a variable reflection coefficient plus the occurrence of active plant osmo-regulation. This establishes a framework within which water availability to real plants experiencing real osmo-matric conditions can be evaluated.


In an industry where the gap between the rich and the poor is growing apart to a ridiculous extent, outsmarting the big spender has never been more crucial.
Making more informed decisions regarding the buying of football players is becoming more and more important. Therefore, player rating tools can be useful for football teams to support these decisions. In this master thesis we design a new method for rating football players. We call this the Exact Player Rating (EPR). This method will not only estimate a player's skill level, but will also incorporate the most important game winning aspects of football and link this to the players at hand. We have shown that the EPR method does not only show better results in terms of predictive power, but also provides more useful information and does not overvalue offensive skills, which most current player rating methods do.


Trimethylamine‐N‐oxide (TMAO) has been shown to be a putative promoter of cardiovascular disease. Trimethylamine (TMA) precursors, such as choline and L‐carnitine, in foods can be metabolized to TMA by some gut microbiota and further converted to TMAO in liver. Recently, gut microbiota has been found to play an important role in nutrient metabolism. It can metabolize not only nutrients but also bile acids, which could affect gut liver axis and modulate metabolism. However, the effects of various concentrations of TMAO on microbial metabolites including TMA, TMAO, individual bile acids, and short chain fatty acids in rats have been little studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of dietary TMAO on levels of metabolites in serum (TMA, TMAO, and bile acids) and cecum (TMA, TMAO, bile acids, and short chain fatty acids) of female SD rats fed a high‐fat (HF) diet. Sixteen female SD rats were fed HF diet (AIN‐93G diet providing 45% of energy from fat) with or without various concentrations of TMAO (0.05%, 0.15%, and 0.3%; T0.05, T0.15, and T0.3, respectively) (w/w) in autoclaved tap water for 8 weeks. Levels of TMA, TMAO, and bile acids were determined by UPLC‐Synapt G2‐Si. Short chain fatty acid profile was determined by GC‐FID. Serum TMA and TMAO levels were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the T0.3 than control group (CON), while cecal TMA level showed the opposite response. Glycocholic and tauro‐alpha‐muricholic acids were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the serum of the T0.3 than that of the CON. Taurocholic and taurodeoxycholic acids were significantly (p<0.05) the highest in the cecum of the CON. Valeric and isovaleric acids were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the cecum of the T0.05 than that of the CON.


Objective To explore pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A(PAPP-A) and C-reactive protein(CRP) for the diagnosis of unstable angina(UA).Methods 21 patients with stable angina pectoris(SAP),23 patients with UA and 18 healthy controls were enrolled.The level of serum PPAP-A was detected with double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and serum level of CRP was detected with double antibody radioimmunoassay.Results CRP and PAPP-A in UA group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group and SAP group(P0.05).Compared with normal control group,CRP and PAPP-A levels in SAP had no significant difference(P0.05).Conclusion As two kinds of inflammatory markers,the level of serum PAPP-A and CRP in patients might predict the extent of the risk of coronary heart disease.


This paper presents one method and one hybrid genetic algorithm for multi-depot open vehicle routing problem with fuzzy time windows (MDOVRPFTW) without maximum time windows. For the method, the degree of customers' willingness to accept goods (DCWAG) is firstly proposed, it's one fuzzy vague and determines maximum time windows. Referring to methods to determine fuzzy membership function, the function between DCWAG and the starting service time is constructed. By setting an threshold for DCWAG, the starting service time that the threshold corresponds can be treated as the maximum time window, which meets the actual situation. The goal of the model is to minimize the total cost. For the algorithm, MDOVRPFTW without maximum time windows is an extension of the NP-hard problem, the hybrid genetic algorithm was designed, which is combination of genetic algorithm and Hungarian algorithm. When the hybrid genetic algorithm applied to one pharmaceutical logistics company in Beijing City, China, one optimal scheme is determined. Then the rationality and the stability of solutions by the hybrid genetic algorithm are proved. Finally, sensitivity analyses are performed to investigate the impact of someone factor on DCWAG and some suggestions are proposed.


Low temperature curing powder coatings are receiving increasing attention in the coatings industry, to conserve energy and also for heat sensitive substrates. Resin combinations commonly used in powder coatings (polyester/TGIC, polyester/Bis-phenol A epoxy, polyester/Bis-(N,N'-dihydroxy) adipamide), display an undesirable phenomenon called blooming, under specific cure conditions. An understanding of this phenomenon and the probability of the formation of macrocyclic structures, responsible to cause blooming in various polyesters has been provided. The development of a nonblooming polyester resin in which a portion of the neopentyl glycol (NPG) has been substituted with 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propane diol (BEPD: US Patent 5,880,223, Morton International) is presented. The use of amorphous nonblooming polyester resin in combination with semicrystalline polyester resin for low temperature curing powder coatings has been described.


This paper reviews the experience of the five Central Asian countries in the two decades since independence. In the 1990s the five countries looked like a natural experiment. They had similar initial conditions, but different transition strategies. Today that does not appear to have been a useful research agenda, which raises some broader questions for comparative economic studies.


The purpose of this study was to assess the value of routine image of the kidneys to detect occult renovascular disease following stress thallium imaging in patients being evaluated for coronary artery disease


where ρ0 is the mean density of matter today and vir(z) is the critical overdensity of collapse at redshift z. The factor highlighted in red, a−3, was missing in the original paper (Leonard et al. 2014). This error arose from inconsistent distances being used across different references. Throughout our work, we have chosen to use proper distances for all distances related to NFW profiles, and in particular for the virial radius rvir. However, equation (25) as written in Leonard et al. (2014), and earlier cited works (e.g. equation 8 of Takada & Jain 2003), is only valid if the virial radius is expressed as a comoving distance. The error does not affect in any way the algorithm presented in the paper but it does affect the simulated NFW profiles used in Section 5 to test the performance of GLIMPSE. To simulate the lensing signal for NFW profiles of given masses and redshifts, we computed additional parameters derived from these quantities, assuming a standard cold dark matter (CDM) cosmology and the spherical collapse model. In particular, we derived the halo virial radius rvir from the erroneous equation (25). The error in this formula can be seen as an underestimation of vir(z), the critical overdensity of collapse, by a factor a3. In addition, we computed the virial radius for each cluster by solving equation (25) for rvir. This resulted in a significant underestimation of the central density contrast for each simulated cluster, and hence the lensing signal, as well as an underestimation of the virial radius, meaning each simulated cluster had a smaller lensing cross-section than it should in reality. Consequently, although all our simulated profiles are indeed NFW profiles, they do not correspond to clusters of the virial masses quoted in the original paper, and in fact do not generally correspond to realistic clusters in the CDM cosmology we consider. As a consequence of this mistake, the simulated lensing signal was consistently underestimated in our cluster simulations. Fig. 1 illustrates the impact of this error on the simulated lensing signal in the centre of the cluster field (i.e. the peak lensing signal) as a function of source photometric redshift for two clusters of the same


Viscosity measurements in a high pressure rheometer, elastohydrodynamic simulator studies (including the development of a temperature measuring technique), and analytical fluid modeling for elastohydrodynamic contacts are described. The more recent research which is described concerns infrared temperature measurements in elastohydrodynamic contacts and the exploration of the glassy state of lubricants. A correlation, of engineering significance, was made between transient surface temperature measurements and surface roughness profiles. Measurements of glass transitions of lubricants and the study of the effect of rate processes on materials lead to the conclusion that typical lubricants go into the glassy state as they pass through the contact region of typical elastohydrodynamic contacts.


Bead production of different kinds of woods is done on large scale in Mangali village of Hisar district Haryana. The production process involves major role of men while the stringing and finishing of products involve women participation at household level. Apart from stringing which is already done on string makers, women are involved in adding 3-eyed Guru bead with Tassel to 108 beaded strings which earns them a low cost at high discomfort because of sitting and performing activities on floor for longer hours. Existing work pattern on 10 women respondents was analyzed through body part discomfort score (BPDS) and overall discomfort rating method (ODR). It was found that the mean BPDS was found to be extremely discomfortable (4.1) to moderately discomfortable for 3-eyed bead adding, highly discomfortable (3.9) to moderately discomfortable on workstation table (2.4) in tassel making activity while it was extremely discomfortable (4.1) to lightly discomfortable (2.4) in other bead products making activity. According to ODR, the comparison with 3-eyed Guru bead is heavy discomfort (8.7) on floor to slightly more than moderate discomfort (6.8) on table, that tassel making activity was moderately discomfortable (5.0) on table and more than moderately discomfortable (6.2) on floor. Bead products other than former activities caused extreme discomfort (9.1) to light discomfort to body (3.6) on prototype. The study proposed the efficient output of the workstation table prototype while working with three different kinds of activities to avoid discomforts to various body parts and for saving body parts' energy of women for other household works even after these works. More efficiency can be brought about with slight modifications of prototype according to the recommendations of respondents.


Lumpkin and Dess [Lumpkin, G.T., and G.G. Dess. 1996. Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review 21, no. 1: 135–72] established the basis of their research agenda on the relationship between Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) and company performance. A wide range of research has incorporated different moderating variables and dimensions of performance, such as profitability, growth, etc. Our work proposes the degree of family involvement comprising a moderating variable in the relationship between EO and company growth. This paper pursues to analyse the influence of family involvement on the relationship between EO and company growth. The empirical study was developed using a sample of 449 small- and medium-sized companies in Spain. The proposed hypotheses were tested using hierarchical linear regression. The results obtained reveal the influence of innovativeness and proactiveness on the growth of a company. However, when family involvement is included as a moderating variable in the equation, a new influence on growth is born from the interaction between innovativeness and family involvement and the interaction between risk-taking and family involvement.


Abstract Roads function as prime habitats and corridors for invasive plant species, and can contribute significantly to the spread and establishment of weeds inside protected areas. Smooth bedstraw (Galium mollugo) populations have recently expanded in the abandoned agricultural fields of Bic National Park (Quebec, Canada), and may represent a threat to the preservation of plant diversity and to the quality of visitor experience. The main objective of this study was to map the distribution of the species in the park and to delineate factors influencing the abundance of the plant in fallow fields. We hypothesized that road proximity was the main factor explaining the presence and abundance (frequency of recording) of smooth bedstraw in fields. Vegetation surveys were conducted in abandoned agricultural fields, and two logistic regression models were built to examine the relationship between the presence and abundance of smooth bedstraw and environmental and historical variables. Smooth bedstraw populations were also mapped along transportation corridors. The abundance of smooth bedstraw significantly increases within 125 m (410 ft) of a paved road. The recent proliferation of smooth bedstraw in Bic National Park is likely associated with the construction of road embankments during the paving of gravel roads. The paved road network has probably acted as a dispersal corridor for smooth bedstraw, while the abandoned agricultural fields located close to the paved roads provided suitable habitats facilitating population establishment over large areas. We recommended to the park's authorities to cease paving all remaining gravel roads in the park, not only to stop smooth bedstraw invasion, but also the spread of other invasive species of concern. Nomenclature: Smooth bedstraw, Galium mollugo L. Management Implications: Roads function as prime habitats and corridors for invasive plant species, and can contribute significantly to the spread and establishment of weeds inside protected areas. We observed this phenomenon in a small national park in eastern Canada, where smooth bedstraw recently invaded abandoned agricultural fields. Plant diversity of these fields is at risk. Abandoned agricultural fields transformed into monotonous white-colored landscapes could also detract from visitor experience. We show in this study that the recent paving of some road sections of the park has probably initiated the invasion. The abundance of smooth bedstraw in abandoned agricultural fields significantly increases within 125 m of a paved road. Controlling smooth bedstraw with herbicides is not an option is this natural park. We recommended ceasing paving all remaining gravel road sections in the park in order to stop not only smooth bedstraw invasion, but also the spread of other invasive species of concern. This presents a challenge, because park authorities face strong pressure from vacationers to pave roads. This study nevertheless provides strong arguments in favour of a nonpaving solution, for the benefit of a more diverse landscape.


The principal purpose of this work is to further the understanding of the structural, electronic, and thermodynamic properties of the SrxCa1–xS alloys (0≤x ≤1) in Rock-salt phase using the full potential augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method within density functional theory. The exchange-correlation potential for structural properties was calculated by the standard local density approximation (LDA) and GGA (PBE) and the new form of GGA (WC) which is an improved form of the most popular Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE), while for electronic properties, the alternative form of GGA modified by Becke-Johnson exchange correlation potential (MBJ) was also applied. It is shown that investigation on the effect of composition on lattice constant, bulk modulus, and band gap for ternary alloys shows almost nonlinear dependence on the composition. On the other hand, the thermodynamic stability of these alloys was investigated by calculating the excess enthalpy of mixing ΔHm as well as the phase diagram. (© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


It is important to design land-scape directed to the special space envi-ronment of expressway,with development of expressway in our country.Based on the intensive analysis and study of factors such as vision character,natural environ-ment and local culture,basic rules which must be obeyed in expressway landscape design are pointed out in this paper.Fur-ther more,details of space environment character in expressway landscape design are specifically expounded.


The motivation of coffee traders who are actively interested in developing agribusiness's coffee traders in Aceh province since most of them is indigenous coffee-producing regions. This research was conducted in Aceh Province, covering Central Aceh, Bener Meriah, Bieuren, Aceh Besar, Banda Aceh, and Lhokseumawe. The objectives of this research are: (1) to analyze the motivation of coffee traders in agribusiness development in Aceh province, and (2) to investigate factors that influence the coffee trader's motivation in agribusiness development in Aceh province. The method used in this research is descriptive-analytical. The sample's determination was by using a simple random sampling technique, with the total number of respondents was about 60 coffee traders in Aceh province. The analysis used in this study is the test of proportion and multiple linear regression analysis. The result shows that the increase of coffee traders in the form of a coffee shop in Aceh province is an effort to develop agribusiness. The motivations of the coffee traders are influenced by the attitude and the role of information media. In comparison, factors that do not affect coffee traders' motivation in agribusiness development include age, education, attitudes, income, prospects of farming, market presence, and the availability of facilities and the infrastructure.


Purpose:The experiment upbuilds rats'exercise preconditioning models and exhaustive exercise models,to discuss the influence of exercise preconditioning on exhaustive exercise-induced the apoptosis of neurons in rats'hippocampus and the mechanism of the effects.Method:24 SD rats were divided into three groups at random control group(group C),exhaustive exercise group(group EE) and exercise preconditioning group(group EP).First,group EP carries out moderate exercise preconditioning for 4 weeks,then group EE and EP carry out an exhaustive swimming.Bcl-2 and Bax albumen were examined with the immunohistochemical method.Result:The intolerant expression intensity of Bcl-2 of the hippocampal of rats of group EP was increased.The intolerant expression intensities of Bax of the hippocampal of rats of Group EE were also obviously increased.Conclusion:1.Exhaustive exercise increases the apoptosis of the hippocampal neuron cells.2.It can reduce exhaustive exercise-induced the apoptosis of the hippocampal neuron cells by moderate exercise preconditioning.3.Protein Bcl-2 and Bax have great adjusting and controlling functions related to the apoptosis of cells which was induced by exercise.


Therapy-related secondary hematological changes play a crucial role in determining the life span of an otherwise recovered cancer patient after successful treatment. Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a potentially life-threatening condition when left unmanaged. The exact etiology of HES, however, remains elusive. We report a case of an adequately treated triple-negative breast cancer patient in remission, who presented with a confirmed diagnosis of HES 2 years after her therapy. On presentation, the blood picture showed leukocytosis of 42.7 × 109/L, where 20% were eosinophils. FIP1-like-1-platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha fusion was observed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The patient was treated with imatinib, according to the World Health Organization guidelines, and full remission was achieved. This is the first case of HES postchemotherapy in a solid malignancy.


In the last few decades, ICT has strongly influenced society as well as education as it has become a ubiquitous part of daily life offering access to a world of knowledge. Schools try to match these changes by incorporating ICT in their education. This study explores a school's rationales for using ICT by means of a case study in which parents, teachers and management involved in a pilot project concerning the implementation of iPads are informed about their motives to use ICT. Interview data were combined with questionnaire data and analysed. Support was found for a preparative rationale, a pedagogical rationale, a catalytic rationale, an accessibility rationale, a motivational rationale and an administrative rationale. In addition, some differences between the stakeholder groups were found, which need to be bridged in order to build a widely supported vision and policy plan on educational ICT use.


Single electron transistor is being chosen as the most promising candidate for future VLSI solutions due to its nano feature size, ultra low power dissipation, CMOS compatible fabrication process. The operation of the single electronics circuits are based on the controlled manipulation of individual electrons through a potential barrier. The most important matter regarding single electronics circuits is the reliability, which depends on circuit structure, parameter values, temperature and random background charges. In our previous work we have analyzed the reliability and the effect of temperature on the stability of single electronics circuits. There are three different approaches to the simulation of single electronics circuits: SPICE macro-modeling, Monte carlo based and master equation based. The Monte carlo method takes long time to simulate single electronics circuit with larger no of islands as it follows the stochastic integration approach to compute the tunnel times for all possible events. In master equation method one needs to solve a set of equations deterministically to get the simulation results. All the relevant states a circuit can occupy should be known before writing the equations, which is the main problem of master equation method. For small single electronics circuits master equation method is faster than the Monte carlo approach, but for circuits with larger no of nodes master equation method becomes infeasible. In macro modeling approach an equivalent circuit representing the single electron transistor is designed using basic micro electronics components such as diodes, voltage sources, current sources and resistors. As in the macro modeling On Simulation of Single Electron Transistor†


Agriculture non-point pollution has been one of the most important sources of the water pollution in China.Compared with industrial point pollution,the emission reduction cost of agriculture non-point pollution is lower,which make the emission trade feasible.First,the characteristics of agriculture non-point pollution were recognized as that agriculture non-point pollution had many sources,uncertainty in occurring,difficulty to supervise.Then,two emission trade mechanisms had been built,one of which was that farmers changed production behavior uniformly and the other was that industrial point pollution built public pollution eliminating infrastructures.Finally,some key problem in the emission trading between industrial point pollution and agriculture non-point pollution were discussed.


Through optimizing production process conditions of 3-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl) phenoxy) benzoic acid,labour intensity,raw materials and energy consumption during fomesafen condensation were significantly reduced as well as environmental pollution,the yield and content of intermediate acifluorfen were improved,which can greatly reduce the production cost of fomesafen drug.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate the chemical, optical and photovoltaic properties of titanium dioxide/reduced graphene oxide (TiO2/rGO) photoanodes immersed in natural Roselle and synthetic (N719) dyes for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) application.,TiO2 mixed with rGO were doctor-bladed on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate. The chemical and optical properties of TiO2/rGO photoanodes immersed in Roselle and N719 dyes were characterized using Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopies, respectively. The DSSC's photovoltaic performances were tested using Visiontec Solar I-V tester at standard illumination of AM1.5 and irradiance level of 100 mW/cm2.,The presence of anthocyanin dye from Roselle flower was detected at 604 nm and 718 nm. TiO2/rGO+Roselle dye sample revealed the smallest energy gap of 0.17 eV for ease of electron movement from valence band to conduction band. The TiO2/rGO-based DSSC fabricated with Roselle dye had a power conversion efficiency, ƞ of 0.743 per cent higher than TiO2/rGO photoanode sensitized with N719 dye (0.334 per cent). The obtained J-V curves were analyzed by a single-diode model of Lambert W-function and manual optimization to determine the internal electrical parameters of the DSSC. The average and uncertainty values of Jsc and ƞ were evaluated at different Rsh range of 1362 Ω to 32 k Ω.,Rs values were kept constant during optimization work.,New ideality factor of TiO2/rGO-based DSSC was re-determined around 0.9995.


The cocrystallization of 1,2,5-chalcogenadiazoles (chalcogen E = S, Se and Te) with cyclic polyethers 18-crown-6 (18-c-6) and dibenzo-18-crown-6 (db-18-c-6) yielded the molecular complexes characte...


Through content analysis of sports media commentary focusing on the high-profile free agencies of NBA stars LeBron James and Kevin Durant, the author demonstrates how commercial sports media discourse responding to these critical exigencies strategically reinforces neoliberal ideology and parlays its disciplinary rhetoric into a derogatory ideological critique of James, Durant, and their contemporaries. The analysis demonstrates how media discourse surrounding James and Durant covertly but significantly reinforces cultural myths of rugged individualism, self-sufficiency, and competition as concomitant with success and self-worth while exalting idealized constructions of the prior generation of basketball icons, particularly Michael Jordan, whose mythic self-reliance is metonymic of an influx of nostalgic discourse which framed today's players as constitutionally inferior to the stars of the 1980s and 1990s.


A detection system in a vehicle for detecting the speaking activity of a vehicle occupant includes: a video recording system for recording the posture of the head and/or of the motions of the lips; an evaluation device; and a signal generating device.


Abstract. Winter rye is grown in a variety of soil and climatic conditions, which indicates the evolutionary resistance to the action of abiotic stressors. Due to periodic spring-summer droughts in the conditions of the North-West region of the Russian Federation, the problem of drought tolerance in rye is of particular importance. The purpose of this study was to investigate 13 winter diploid rye collection varieties for drought tolerance and adaptability in the Northwestern region of the Russian Federation and to identify the most promising ones. Methods. Experiments were laid from 2018 to 2022 in a field plot located in the Northwestern region. To determine the drought tolerance of varieties we used indices: average productivity (AP), endurance index (TOL), yield stability index (YSI), drought tolerance index (DI), tolerance index (STI), geometric average productivity (GAP), drought tolerance index (DSI), agronomic drought tolerance (Adt), degree of yield reduction (X3). To calculate adaptability, the following indicators were used: d% - yield range in %, V% - coefficient of variation, Er – response effect, Ca – adaptability coefficient, Ci – intensity coefficient, d t/ha – yield range in t/ha. Results. The study years can be classified as drought years 2018, 2019, and 2022. The average yield in these years ranged from 3.6 t/ha for the variety Niva, to 4.99 t/ha for the variety Lota. Years 2020 and 2021 are favorable, with average yields ranging from 6.3 t/ha for the variety Niva, to 9.9 t/ha for the variety Ofeliya. The most drought-resistant varieties are Lota, Zubrovka, Talisman, Niva, Yasel'da, the most adaptive are Zubrovka, Era, Ofeliya, Talisman, Yasel'da. Of the listed methods of determining drought tolerance, we should pay attention to the Yield Stability Index (YSI) and Drought Tolerance Index (DI). To identify adaptability: the coefficient of adaptability (Ca) and the coefficient of intensity (Ci). Scientific novelty. Consists in a comparative assessment of yield drought tolerance and adaptability of winter rye varieties and identifying among them possessing a set of economically useful features and resistant to drought conditions of the North-West region.


Publication by Nivkh language speakers (Russian Far East, ethnic population 5000 [100-200 speakers]) was increased in 2000's, but most publications were in the Russian language because of a problem of orthography. The orthography was revised in 2005 and now it is easier to publish in Nivkh language.


A monolayer of a ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) at an air–water interface has been deposited onto solid substrates using the Langmuir–Blodgett technique. On compression, molecules on the water sub-phase of the Langmuir–Blodgett trough formed a stable monolayer at room temperature. The multilayers were successfully transferred to a quartz substrate by Y-type deposition and multilayers of varying thicknesses were obtained, ranging from a monolayer to 22 layers. FLC multilayers were studied by low-angle X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The topography of the monolayer was studied and analysed by atomic force microscopy.