The utility model provides a multifunctional power grid running environment monitoring system, comprising a multifunctional power grid running environment monitoring probe, a probe management terminal, and a centralized control host, wherein the probe is connected with the probe management terminal, which is connected with the centralized control host. The multifunctional power grid running environment monitoring system replaces routing inspection of people and realizes real-time, on-line, and long-distance monitoring of heating status of electric nodes, discharging counts of arresters and temperatures of equipment in machine rooms, thereby preventing and reducing occurrence of accidents and improving safe running level of electric equipment greatly. The multifunctional power grid running environment monitoring system is not only applicable to the on-line monitoring of running environments of power transmission and distribution equipment with whatever voltage classes, but also applicable to the on-line monitoring of the running environments in other fields.


In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) and lunar science share similar objectives with respect to analyzing and characterizing the physical, mineral, and volatile materials and resources at sites of robotic and human exploration. To help mature and stress instruments, technologies, and hardware and to evaluate operations and procedures, space agencies have utilized demonstrations at analog sites on Earth before use in future missions. The US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), and the German Space Agency (DLR) have utilized an analog site on the slope of Mauna Kea on the Big Island of Hawaii to test ISRU and lunar science hardware and operations in two previously held analog field tests. NASA and CSA are currently planning on a 3rd analog field test to be held in June, 2012 in Hawaii that will expand upon the successes from the previous two field tests.


Men's bodies have become a commodity in the capitalist industry to compete with women's bodies. This is because in modern life, how you look is a way to show your freedom, personality, and confidence. There are a lot of facial treatment clinics now, and one of them has helped bring up the need for both men and women in modern society to care about how they look. Instagram was chosen for this study because it is a popular social media site. Instagram makes people compare how they look and makes them feel unhappy with their bodies, which can affect each person's body image. The goal of this study was to find out what Bening's Clinic's digital marketing plan was for disciplining the metrosexual men's body on Instagram. As a research method, the Krippendorff content analysis method was used to find out what the message was about and what it meant. The posts on Instagram by @beningsclinic_jakarta from October 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, will be the unit of analysis. Researchers chose the Krippendorff content analysis method because they wanted to look at the content of Instagram posts in a quantitative way. The researcher then tries to figure out what the @beningsclinic_jakarta Instagram post is about, how to read the symbols, and what the interaction between the symbols means. The conclusion is that Bening's Clinic Jakarta's digital marketing strategy in the @beningsclinic_jakarta Instagram post includes ads that are more focused on bringing up men public figures from the entertainment world as an attraction and building fantasy for potential customers, especially metrosexual men who want to discipline their bodies through facial treatments.


Hydrogen sulfide is a copious gas produced in refineries (15–20%) as well as billions of tons produced as a by-product in alkali industries. Selectively, only 5% has been utilised for the Claus process to produce liquid sulfur and it is also well known for its uneconomical and environmental problems. Here, we have demonstrated a significant green approach for conversion of poisonous H2S into H2 by stable cubic bismuth (Bi0) quantum dot–glass nanosystems using solar light as the energy source. Previously, metal oxides and sulfides have been demonstrated as solar light photocatalysts. However, a unique bismuth quantum dot–glass nanosystem has been designed where cubic phase bismuth quantum dots of size 1–2 nm are grown in the germanate glass matrix successfully. The presence of bismuth (Bi0) was confirmed by XRD, Raman, TEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The glass nanosystem shows quantum confinement with variation of the band gap from 2.95–1.51 eV. Considering the broad absorption from visible to near IR, we used this glass nanosystem as a solar light active photocatalyst and hydrogen production with respect to the quantum confinement of bismuth (Bi0) quantum dots has been demonstrated for the first time. The photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production using glass nanosystems having bismuth quantum dot sizes of 1–2 nm and 3–6 nm was measured under solar light and prima fascia observations revealed that the glass nanosystems with very small quantum dots (1–2 nm) showed enhanced hydrogen evolution (11 541 μmol h−1 g−1) from H2S. The hydrogen evolution obtained is much higher than for previously reported visible light active nanostructured sulfide/oxide or embedded glass nanosystems. The glass nanosystems were also used for water splitting and show evolution of hydrogen without any co-catalyst. It is noteworthy that the quantum dot–glass photocatalyst is highly stable and catalyst regeneration is quite easy and fast. Hence, the QD-bismuth–glass nanocomposites have significant advantages over normal nanosized powder catalysts. Such unique glass nanosystems will also have great potential in photonics and optoelectronic applications.


Objective : the purpose of this study is to present how the insertion of control mechanisms, such as auditing and professional ethical standards, would influence the dishonest behavior of individuals in particular, and within a group. Method : an experiment was performed with 204 participants in whom they would watch a die-rolling game and report the number shown by the dice. Nevertheless, the payment was tied to the number they reported and not to the number seen, thus making them dishonest. Originality/Relevance : it is the first study in Brazil that seeks to verify components of collective dishonesty: previous works only analyzed individual dishonesty. In addition, both nationally and internationally, it is the first research in which mechanisms that are capable of inhibiting collective dishonesty are analyzed. Results : it was possible to verify that the audit and the reading of some articles of the Professional Code of Ethics of the Accountant made the participants less dishonest: when the individuals were not subject to any control mechanism, 27% of the participants were dishonest; On the other hand, when they  were subject to an audit process or after reading the PCEA articles, the percentage of dishonest ones was 9%. Theoretical/Methodological Constraints : in the experiment it was possible to corroborate the hypothesis of the research: the control mechanisms presented (audit and reading articles in the PCEA) resulted in more honest decisions. Social/Management Contributions : this work puts into question the research on dishonesty, not only its ethical and moral aspects, but also its financial impacts.


Great advances have been made in prevention and treatment zoonoses by aid of anti-microbial drugs. But followed drug resistance can't be neglected. There are two resistant mechanism: one is biochemical mechanism, another is molecular biological mechanism. The comprehensively understanding resistance is a solid theoretical basis on conquering microbial resistance.


Data on 232 members of a single pedigree, descended from two pairs of original parents, were made available to the participants of Genetic Analysis Workshop 8 (GAW8). In addition to information concerning age and sex, measurements for 10 quantitative traits and genotypes at 22 polymorphic marker loci were also provided for a subset of 193 of these family members. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The present paper is a presentation of the principal analyses that can be useful for the characterisation of the oils utilised in the cosmetic field. Beside the more traditional chemical-physical determinations, meaningful are the methods providing the application of instrumental technologies able to carry out a deeper evaluation of the composition of an oil: we are speaking of the determination of the fatty acid composition, of the trans fatty acids, the sterol composition, all of them standardised by Commissione Tecnica, and which will be published as tentative methods with the purpose to protect the cosmetic industry against the use of raw materials not in conformity with declared characteristics.


Abstract: We call a subset J of vertices of a digraph D as a (k, k−1) kernel of D, for a fixed k ≥ 2, if all distances between vertices from J are at least k and the distance from each vertex not belonging to J to the set J is at most k − 1. Some theorems concerning the existence of (k, k − 1) kernels are proved. The results generalize the well known Richardson theorem [9], which says: A digraph without odd circuits has a kernel.


A total of 100 eye specimens were collected from patients with eye infection from different areas in Khartoum state of different age groups .The duration of study was from Junuary-Septemper2008. The bacterial isolates were related to the type of the eye infection, based on the diagnosis of the physicians which included conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjuntivitis,cornial grafts infection ,lacrimal gland infection and eye abscess. The gram-positive bacteria isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (34%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus(12%), Streptococcus pneumoniae(19%) and Streptococcus viridians (8%). The gram-negative bacteria isolate were Haemophilus influenzae (15%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(7%), Klebsilla pneumoniae(3%),and Neisseria gonorrhea(2%).The predominant bacteria isolated in this study was Staphylococcus spp.


In spite of recurring survey results that show home accidents exceeding those of other environments, there is little indication of real interest in safer home furnishing products by consumers, industry or educational institutions. This paper discusses some of the reasons for this disinterest, some of the more critical products that often are improperly designed, and some suggestions for a changing of attitudes.


In the recent past a renowned nineteenth-century edition of a Muslim eschatological tract has become the subject of renewed interest. The book is Muhammedanische Eschatologie by Moritz Wolff, which was originally published in Leipzig in 1872.1 In this work Wolff published the Arabic original and German translation of a short tract of 50 or so chapters dealing with the departure of the dead, the punishment of the grave, the Day of Doom and the description of Paradise and Hell. This old Orientalist edition is still a work of value and is widely quoted in relation to subjects such as Muslim traditions about the afterlife within the specialist field of academic literature. It is probably for these reasons that not only the original edition of Wolff, consisting of the original Arabic and an annotated German translation, has been reprinted, but also the German translation has been re-edited and offered to a wide public of readers as an Islamic Book of the Dead. In this contribution I am not only going to briefly review these two new editions, but will also take the occasion to discuss the curious path of this Muslim eschatological tract through Western studies under various and differing titles. In the final section I will discuss further some of the questions relating to its diffusion and relevance in Arabic and Muslim literature as evidenced by the various manuscript versions that have been preserved. In the first of two recent editions of this tract to appear, Helmut Werner offered a revised ("modernisiert", p. 40) version of Wolff 's


Phytoremediation is described as the treatment of environmental problems through the use of plants that mitigate the same without the need to excavate the contaminated material and dispose it elsewhere. Some plants proved to be popular organism for bio-monitoring to determine and identify the sources of heavy metal soil pollution and their detoxification by phytoextraction techniques. In the present work an attempt has been made to remediate Lead (Pb) and Nickel (Ni) from the polluted soil. Soil and plant (luxuriously growing as hyperaccumulator) samples were collected from the polluted sites to find out the extent of Pb and Ni accumulation in them. We found Saccharum, Brassica juncea, Tamarix and Ricinus as efficient accumulators of heavy metal from the soil. Accumulation of Pd was higher than Ni in soil samples from all the sites. For greenhouse experiment B. juncea was selected for Phytoremediation study. Results of AAS of digested samples of both plants and soils of greenhouse experiments showed that heavy metal content declined in pot soil after plants have been grown and harvested. B. juncea reduced 73.15% Pb and 60.13% Ni from their initial concentration in soil thereby proving itself to be a good accumulator of heavy metals and a remedy for controlling heavy metal soil pollution. Most important in phytoremediation is to use wild plants as accumulators in the greenhouse experiment as it minimizes the chances of biomagnification of heavy metals in food chain.


As the most important element of enterprises' development, business secret can bring considerable benefits and better foreground. So we must enhance the protection of business secrets. At present, we don't have specific laws concerning about business secret. The laws and regulations are dispersed and incomplete as well lack of dynamics. What's more, there is no clear definition of the subject of business secrets and there is legal defect in the present law.


The search for D0D0 mixing may carry a large discovery potential for new physics since the D0D0 mixing rate is expected to be small in the Standard Model. The past decade has seen significant experimental progress in sensitivity. This paper discusses the techniques, current experimental status, and future prospects for the mixing search. Some new ideas, applicable to future mixing searches, are introduced. In this paper, the importance of separately measuring the decay rate difference and the mass difference of the two CP eigenstates (in order to observe New Physics) has been emphasized, since the theoretical calculations for long distance effects are still plagued by large uncertainties.


Nanotechnology is the study of the control of matter of an atomic and molecular scale. At present the most widespread forensic application of micro fluidic systems is post-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) quantization. These systems are currently being used in several forensic laboratories to perform post-PCR quantification of mitochondrial DNA. Another innovation relates to assisting in solving gun crime. Using a nanoscale developer and an X-ray source, it is possible to image the etched fingerprints even if the casing has been wiped or washed. This technology is going to revolutionize the fields of virtopsy, crime scene investigation, identification, forensic ballistics, and toxicology.


For measuring the torque in a shaft, two flanges are secured on the shaft on opposite sides of the area of the shaft in which the torque occurs. Each flange has two parts located on opposite sides of the shaft and protruding in the axial direction of the shaft towards the other flange. The two protruding parts of each flange carry, on the sides facing the protruding parts of the other flange, core halves. Oscillators of different frequency are constituted by coils located in the air gaps between the pairs of core halves as frequency-controlling components, so that torque applied to the shaft causes the air gaps to vary in opposite directions and thus changes the inductances of the coils and the frequency of the oscillators. An electronic switch has its input connected to one of the oscillators and is connected to the second oscillator to open and close in synchronism with the frequency of the second oscillator. The output of the switch is connected to a rotating measurement rotary transmitter, which emits a signal corresponding to the torque-proportional differential frequencies of the two oscillators. The output of the rotating measurement rotary transmitter is connected to a filter which filters out the torque-proportional differential frequency of the two oscillators.


We present current work on the NextSlidePlease slide-ware presentation tool and discuss how mixed-initiative principles may support the complex tasks of combining multiple linear presentations into a network of related content. We discuss future directions in two areas: supporting the layout of complex sets of interconnected slides, and refining the time requirements and content importance in these networks.


The reduced blast and enhanced radiation weapon, often referred to as the neutron bomb, has become a highly debated issue since June 1977 when information appeared in the press regarding such an item in the American procurement and defence budget. Although only a part of the over-all programme under consideration in recent years for the modernization of theatre nuclear weapons in Western Europe, the neutron bomb has been a matter of considerable political discussion within the United States and Western European countries, between the United States and Eastern European countries, and in the General Assembly at its thirty-second regular session and its tenth special session, as well as among the general public.


Based on the statistics data of investigation result, from aspect ofrailway staff, this paper analyzes the demand of each service informationsupplied by railway as well as the way they are provided. The paper also bringsforward advices on improvement of railway passenger service quality. Thefoundation is then laid for the construction of railway passenger servicecomprehensive information system.


Systems, apparatus, techniques, and methods are disclosed that predictively adapt device characteristics in response to a user's historical behavior (eg, habits) and the specific circumstances in which such behavior is displayed. Such a situation can be virtually anything, such as day of the week, time of day, season, tide, temperature, weather, mental state of the user, the score of a specific sporting event the previous day, the phase of the moon, the location of the user, and so on. Based on the observations by the software, the user's habits and the situations in which these habits occur are observed, and the device is customized based on the user's behavior pattern and the situation.


LED displays utilizing quantum dots (QDs) as emitters offer several key advantages over traditional OLEDs, combining the solution processability of polymers with the high efficiency potential of phosphors, all with the stability benefits of an inorganic emitter. While QD‐LEDs are at an early stage in their development, the effort toward commercialization has already led to the identification of several considerations particular to QD‐LEDs. This paper explores material and design considerations for QD‐LEDs and reports our progress in developing QD‐LEDs for information display and advanced applications.


The need for the integration of industrial concepts and applications of sustainability in engineering education is a priority for universities and especially for engineering courses. To deliver the concepts and benefits of sustainable engineering design to students requires something more than just a theoretical overview. The use of case studies in engineering education is well established and a mature concept. The scope and criticality of sustainable development is increasingly complex and diverse and continues to change and adapt as the climate crises deepens. The biotechnology industry is perhaps the youngest of all of the process industries and is changing and adapting rapidly. Combine these two changing dynamics and the result is a compelling argument for interactive design case studies. The design of a manufacturing process within the biopharmaceutical industry is based on various criteria such as capital investment, operating costs, process reliability and safety with an overarching focus on patient safety. While environmental impact and sustainability is a critical area from a global perspective, it has not been a key consideration within the industry with relatively little research into the environmental impact of adopting different processes and technologies. There is a growing for multiproduct, flexible facilities with approaches such as modular strategies facilitating easy adaptation for different processes. This places an increasing emphasis on support services such as buffer preparation, where overheads are increasing and bottlenecks are developing. The supply of buffer solutions in particular, accounts for a large proportion of a facility's footprint, labour, equipment and operating costs. To alleviate the potential bottlenecks, reduce the impact on capital and operational expenditure and improve sustainability, alternative philosophies for buffer management must be considered. Buffer preparation offers an ideal opportunity for collaboration with case studies as it represents a common problem within the industry in a non-competitive space, which has a clear demand for fresh thinking. While there are significant variations in core process technology, buffer preparation remains a key aspect of facility design across differing modalities. This research aims to demonstrate the benefit of exploring the industrial sustainability design space in conjunction with third level engineering education. This synergy with utilise Interactive Design Sessions utilising approaches such as Finite Capacity Analysis to demonstrate the environmental impact of operational strategy and technology utilisation (such as Single Use Technology and inline buffer preparation) on buffer preparation within the biopharmaceutical industry, highlighting the synergy between more sustainable production and a reduction in the cost of manufacturing.


Transport through a quantum dot attached to nonmagnetic electrodes subject to spin bias and charge bias is studied theoretically within the non-equilibrium Green function formalism and effects of local vibrational modes are analysed. A presence of phonons strongly influences the spin and charge conductance characteristics leading to an appearance of phonon satellites apart from Kondo peaks.

Superposition of the main Kondo resonances and their phonon satellites in the conductance curves corresponding to two individual spin channels can lead to a variety of peak patterns in dependence on the charge voltage applied to the system (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Objective To investigate possible alteration of oral cytokeratins expression in OLP in the elderly patients and its roles in the pathopoiesis,clinical disease diagnosis and treatment plan of OLP.Methods The expression of cytokeratins were detected in in the specimens of 32 OLP in the study group and 30 normal buccal mucosa samples in the control group by means of SDS-PAGE and Western blot.Results The CK2,CK4 and CK5-positive rate of the study group patients were significantly lower than the control group,CK10,CK13,and CK14-positive expression rateof the study group were significantly higher,the differences were statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusion Oral cytokeratin and the incidence of oral lichen planus have a certain correlation between the shallow expression of CK2,CK4,CK5 and CK10 and CK13,CK14 and the over-expression of epithelial tissue proliferation,division,keratosis,thereby these oral cytokeratins expression may affect the incidence of OLP.


SUBTITLE: AIRLINE MANAGEMENT IS DEMOSTRATING RENEWED DETERMINATION TO ACHIEVE A RADICAL SHAKE-UP OF LABOR COSTS, WITH PAY CUTS AND CHANGES TO WORKING CONDITIONS ON THE AGENDA.


For the resolution of debt-overhang problem, it is needed to coordinate the allocation of burdens of debt forgiveness among many lenders. The Industrial Revitalization Corporation of Japan (IRCJ) succeeded to introduce new rule on burdens of debt forgiveness proportional to share of lending. The emergence of the IRCJ improved the performance of Japanese banking sector by greatly mitigating disproportional excess burdens on a main-bank. Results in this paper strongly suggest that malfunctioning of the traditional main-bank-led corporate restructuring was a main contributor to prolonged non-performing loan problem in Japan.


i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii Dedication iii Declaration by candidate iv Table of contents v List of tables ix List of figures x List of Appendices x Abbreviations and acronyms xi Clarification of concepts xii CHAPTER ONE 1 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Problem statement 2 1.2 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE STUDY 4 1.3 Main objective 6 1.4 Specific objectives 6 1.5 Research Questions 6 1.6 Overview of the Study area 7 1.6.1 Geographical characteristics 7 1.6.2 Socio-economic characteristics 8 1.6.3 Demographic characteristics 8 1.6.4 Health profile 8 Figure 1.Map of Southern Ghana depicting the Mfantseman Municipal where the Birwa town is located 10 1.7 Study population 10 1.9 ORGANISATION OF THE STUDY 10 CHAPTER TWO 12 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 12 2.1 The role of state-civil society synergy in the sustainable development debate 12 2.2 Understanding the increasing popularity of state-civil society synergy phenomenon as a development strategy 13 2.3 The realm of civil society 15


: Twenty-two gaging stations were selected for developing a regional flood frequency curve for small (area less than 2 square miles) watersheds in southern Illinois. Five probability functions were compared, and the extreme value type I function was selected to develop the regional flood curve. The curve was generated with the index flood method and also another empirical method that related the function parameters to the watershed area. Estimated peak discharges with various return periods were compared with the results obtained from multiple regression analysis.


Federated learning (FL) has emerged to jointly train a model with distributed data sets in IoT while avoiding the need for central data collection. Due to limited observation range, such data sets can only reflect local information, which limits the quality of trained models. In practical network, the global information and local observations always coexist, which requires joint consideration for learning to make reasonable policy. However, in horizontal FL among distributed clients, the central agency only acts as a model aggregator without utilizing its global features to further improve the model. This could largely degrade the performance in some missions such as flow prediction, where the global information could obviously enhance the accuracy. Meanwhile, such global feature may not be directly transmitted to agents for data security. Then how to utilize the global observation residing in the central agency while protecting its safety rises up as an important problem in FL. In this paper, we developed the vertical-horizontal federated learning (VHFL) process, where the global feature is shared with the agents in a procedure similar to vertical FL without extra communication rounds. Considering the delay and packet loss, we analyzed its convergence in the network system and validated its performance by experiments. The proposed VHFL could enhance the accuracy compared with the horizontal FL while protecting the security of global data.


The invention provides internet search system and method based on a point-to-point network, wherein a search terminal is arranged at each search node to form a point-to-point network among nodes; the search request is progressively sent to other search nodes by utilizing a release and fax mechanism of the information in the point-to-point network; each search node respectively responses the search request and searches based on locally-stored index banks of each search node; and the search results of each search node are finally converged on original search nodes, and aggregated and sorted by utilizing the original search nodes. The invention completely changes the architecture of the traditional search systems, provides a new search system architecture and thoroughly solves the working pressure problem of a search engine server in the prior art.


"Just what is the job and how is it best done?" Specific contributions which scientists could make to foreign affairs policies are discussed by F. A. Long in the article that follows. Given the magnitude of the problems, and the increasing effectiveness of scientists' efforts that is possible, "it should be an interesting second twenty years." F. A. Long is vice-president for research and advanced studies, and professor of chemistry, Cornell University. He is also a member of the President's Science Advisory Committee. In 1952–53 Professor Long served as Assistant Director, Science and Technology, U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. His article is based on a talk given to the Federation of American Scientists in Washington, D.C., April 1966.


Viscosity (ƞ) and density (ρ) of aqueous concentrated sulfuric acid (1.0–9.0) mol dm have been measured at 297.65 K and the values of A and Bcoefficients of Jones-Dole equation have been calculated from the viscosity data. The value of B-coefficient is positive which suggests a strong ion-solvent interaction in aqueous sulfuric acid. It is assumed that in concentrated aqueous sulfuric acid, HSO5 3acts as structure maker. Three concentration regions of sulfuric acid having value of B-coefficient (measure of ion-solvent interaction or structure making capacity) in the order 1.0–4.0 mol dm < 4.0–7.0 mol dm < 7.0–9.0 mol dm have been proposed.


There currently exists a mature literature on modeling the aggregate load of a distribution feeder by making use of measurements at its feeder-head at substation. The primary application of such feeder-aggregated load models is in sub-transmission or transmission system analysis. However, there is a growing need in practice also to model each individual load across the feeder. If available, such individual load models have applications in power distribution system analysis, e.g., to better integrate distributed energy resources or to improve power quality and reliability. Motivated by this observation, in this paper, we propose a new method for individual load modeling in power distribution systems. It works by using the measurements only at the feeder-head. It takes an innovative approach to analyzing the load switching events across the distribution feeder itself, instead of or in addition to relying on upstream voltage events that are commonly used in feeder-aggregated load modeling. By tracking the downstream load switching events, the proposed method can make a robust estimation of the ZIP load model parameters for all individual loads. The proposed method is examined on small illustrative test-feeders as well as the IEEE 33-bus test system under various operating scenarios. The adverse impact of errors in measurements and system parameters are also investigated on the performance of the developed load modeling method.


A method of controlling an ultrasonic signal focused beam (FUS) in an area of the heart, comprising: an acquisition ▪ rhythm of the electrocardiogram (ECG) of the heart; ▪ an acquiring at least one image of a region of the heart in which a target zone (Zc) is identified; ▪ a generating a first beam (FUS) of ultrasonic signals focused in the target area (ZC), said signals being configured in phase to generate at least one pulse in a focused area (ZF); ▪ a dynamic control of the position of the focused area (ZF) on the position of the target area (ZC); ▪ determining a temperature of the focused area (ZF) from a acquiring at least one image using an imaging system.


In the study of gastric ulcer the most fruitful line of investigation is its etiology and pathogenesis. Many and various theories have been advanced for the origin of gastric ulcer. In a previous report1 I enumerated thirty-eight different experiments for production of gastric ulcer and for the explanation of its origin. To these I added twenty-two distinct experiments of my own and classified them under the headings of (I) mechanical injuries; (2) chemical injuries; (3) local injection; (4) injection of toxins; (5) systemic disturbances. But in the long list of authors whose theories and experiments I quoted it is generally recognized that their results were indefinite and unsatisfactory. The same may be said of my own previous experiments with the exception of the last series that I reported, in connection with which I now present further data. The merit of all my former work on this subject was in showing that the typical gastric ulcer may be induced by feeding bouillon cultures of Bacillus coli communis.


INTRODUCTION Many recent nonfiction writings contemplate recent history with one watershed event: the catastrophic terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Whether in social commentary, political discourse, or even economic calculation, the attacks have generated debate on not only the appropriateness of the resulting Global War on Terror ("GWOT"), but also future ramifications of any newly-set precedent. Not surprisingly, the law and the legal profession have played prominent roles in these debates. Recently, many legal scholars have focused their attention on the ongoing' military commissions trying enemy combatants captured in the GWOT and held in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. President George W. Bush authorized the creation of military commissions in the "Military Order of November 13, 2001: Detention, Treatment, and Trial of Certain Non-Citizens in the War Against Terrorism."2 In section 1(e) of this order, the President stipulated that "individuals subject to this order ... be detained, and, when tried, to be tried for violations of the laws of war and other applicable laws by military tribunals."3 Less than two months after this declaration, the first detainees captured in the GWOT were transferred to Guantanamo Bay.4 This Note analyzes the legal foundations of the commissions themselves and questions whether their creation was constitutionally permissible under the separation of powers doctrine. Those who argue in the affirmative contend historical precedent and a series of United States Supreme Court decisions have crystallized the President's ability to create the commissions.5 Conversely, those who argue in the negative contend that the President has overstepped his bounds and that the detainees are entitled to process in traditional U.S. courts.6 Following a deeper consideration of these differing viewpoints, this Note proposes that military commissions are not a violation of the separation of powers doctrine for three reasons: (1) the President was acting pursuant to powers historically afforded to the Commander-inChief; (2) Congress has traditionally deferred to the Commander-in-Chief in this regard; and (3) the courts have crystallized the ability of the President to create military tribunals in cases such as Ex Pane Quirin, which is applicable to the detainees in Guantanamo Bay. I. A BRIEF LEGAL HISTORY OF THE GLOBAL WAR ON TERROR The Global War on Terror formally began in September 200 1,7 but the American government had been fighting skirmishes against terrorism for at least a decade prior.8 While it is beyond the scope of this Note to consider each of these encounters specifically, it is important to consider the general legal methods used by the United States to address past acts by terrorist groups, particularly Al Qaeda. The United States has been legally dealing with Al Qaeda, and persons associated with Al Qaeda, for over seventeen years.9 Initially, the government's preferred legal tactic against these individuals was criminal law:10 through long-arm maneuvering, the government filed federal statute-based charges in federal district court.11 Indeed, "[detention of an Al Qaeda member as an enemy combatant was not contemplated. Rather, restraint on Al Qaeda' s freedom of action was sought only where intelligence reports could be fleshed out .... no one contemplated that we could hold him as a combatant in an ongoing conflict .... "12 In short, because the acts of terrorism in the previous decade13 occurred outside the mantle of war, declared or undeclared, conventional wisdom prescribed that any perpetrators should be handled by courts in the same manner as other peacetime criminals. This paradigm of domestic judicial intervention shifted following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 .14 Within months of this incident, President Bush, in his response to the terrorist attacks, took many legal steps which laid the foundation for taking the legal fight against newly captured Al Qaeda terrorists out ofthe haven of U. …


The findings reveal several key challenges encountered in organizing and executing live music concerts in North-East India. Limited sponsorship opportunities' and 'disappointing government funding' emerge as significant hurdles for concert organizers. The study also uncovers a preference for artists from mainland India over local talent, attributed to their consistent preparation and higher performance standards. Moreover, the study highlights the lack of equipped auditoriums and the need to import amplification equipment, leading to increased costs for organizers. This study employs a qualitative approach to explore the problems faced by live music concerts in North East India. The research had qualitative interviews with concert organizers, performers, and attendees. The research further underscores the impact of weather conditions on outdoor concerts, as the region experiences frequent rain. It emphasizes the importance of having contingency plans and backup venues to ensure uninterrupted performances. Additionally, the study reveals the limited culture of purchasing concert tickets among the local population, requiring tailored ticket distribution strategies. These findings shed light on the complexities of organizing successful live music concerts in North East India and provide insights for concert organizers, policymakers, and local artists. The research calls for enhanced support, improved infrastructure, and a stronger platform for local talent to thrive in the vibrant music scene of the region.


Session chairman's remarks. This is a highly selective bit of intellectual history plus some acquired wisdom. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010


We present a refinement of histogram equalization which uses both global and local information to remap the image grey levels. Local image properties, which we generally call neighborhood metrics, are used to subdivide histogram bins that would be otherwise indivisible using classical histogram equalization (HE). Choice of the metric influences how the bins are subdivided, affording the opportunity for additional contrast enhancement. We present experimental results for two specific neighborhood metrics and compare the results to classical histogram equalization and local histogram equalization (LHE). We find that our methods can provide an improvement in contrast enhancement versus HE, while avoiding undesirable over-enhancement that can occur with LHE and other methods. Moreover, the improvement over HE is achieved with only a small increase in computation time.


With the development of computer network technology,protection of commercial secrets is now faced with new difficult problems.It displays something new in the means and characteristics very different from the traditional mode in terms of network infringing commercial secrets,so it is highly important that corresponding prevention and relief mechanism be set up and specialized commercial secrets protection law be established


Last year the Griffith University Research Survey Project produced an online survey solution to allow measuring and benchmarking for research areas and disciplines. This included the development of a free, locally hosted website, a survey environment and a digital archive. This solution is available to all Griffith University researchers interested in utilising an online survey tool for research. The solution, the outcomes from the year and future initiatives are detailed.


Near future human-autonomy teams (HATs) will feature artificial agents with increasingly advanced social capabilities. The social atmosphere of a team is known to be important for successful teaming; however, it is not clear that factors influencing human-to-human exchanges will transfer directly to human-autonomy exchanges. Here, using data from the DARPA ASIST program, we employed four measures tapping individuals' personality, social preferences, and social intelligence to explore differences in perceptions of human as compared to autonomous teammates' dependability as well as perceived impacts regarding team coordination and performance. We found that psychological collectivism, sociable dominance, and extraversion were associated with positive perceptions of autonomous teammates serving as advisors, but not human teammates in the same role, and a reversed relationship for conscientiousness and openness. Awareness and examination of these factors in increasingly social HATs will be important for developing successful agents and selecting effective team members.


A method is presented for providing an output control parameter associated with a specific person for controlling a light output of a lamp adapted to vary said light output by said output control parameter. The control parameter is determined on the basis of a current time parameter representing the current local time of the day, a type parameter from a range of type parameters comprising at least a parameter representing a first person type and a parameter representing a second person type, and a gender parameter from a range of gender parameters comprising a parameter representing a male person and a parameter representing a female person.


This article extends to three-dimensional tasks the method of camera space manipulation. A minimum of two cameras is required to place points on end effectors (or objects in their grasp) of n-degree-of-freedom manipulators relative to other bodies. This is accomplished using a sequential estimation scheme that permits placement of these points in each of the two-dimensional image planes of monitoring cameras. A precise and robust manipulation strategy that is compatible with "real time" results. Simulations are used that show the method to be insensitive to two particular kinds of model error- unmodeled elastic deflection and unmodeled camera distortion. The method is tested experimentally with a three- dimensional point placement task. It is then generalized to rigid body placement tasks and illustrated with experiments involving the positioning of one rigid body on a second. An appendix details the unfolding of one such experimental maneuver at several junctures in the visual data-collecting process.


Transmission electron microscopy has been used to observe Al segregation around the threading dislocations in Al0.1Ga0.9N and Al0.3Ga0.7N grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on 6H–SiC. Dislocation lines were found to have up to 70% more Al concentration than those regions free of dislocations in the matrix. The Al-depleted regions around the dislocations are shown to be within a few nanometers from the dislocation lines. The results also show that more Al segregate to edge dislocations than to screw ones.


The resistance of wet-dry cycles is an important durability index of solidified soil.It is important to explore the effect of environmental features,namely wet-dry cycles,on the performance and durability of loess solidification.In this paper,the solidified agent of SH is used in the loess solidification.By simulating the climate change of wet-dry cycles characteristics indoor,the effects of wet-dry cycles on compressive strength and shear strength of the solidified loess are analyzed.The test results show that;the strength of samples after wet-dry cycles is declined or weakened in overall.With the increase of number of cycles,the compressive strengdi values for samples exponential decline,but they are higher than the loess.SH content increases,the compressive strength losses reduce.The weight losses are very smaller,and the integrities are good.The parameters of shear strength decrease with SH content.The effects of wet-dry cycles on cohesion are obvious.During the beginning of three wetdry cycles,the cohesions of the loess solidification by different contents of SH are decreased;after fourth cycles,the cohesions have a little increase,and then show a little decrease.With the increase of wet-dry cycles,they proceed to a relatively steady state.The internal friction angles of the solidified loess express a decreasing tendency,and maintain stability.Because of the change of water quality during the condensation-evaporation process,the weight and volumetric changes of specimens are flexuous.By analyzing the relationship between the stress and strain of the loess solidification by 10%SH content,it is concluded that the solidified loess has hardening characteristic.The loess solidification by more than 10%SH content is durable against 15 cycles for its higher and more steadying strength.Subsequent to that,it is good in water stability,and solidified agent of SH applied in loess of anti-wet-dry cycle has a prominent role.SH has a broad prospect in application.


Today in this 21st century, whenever we talk about women empowerment, amongst the several unresolved issues that steals our attention is the burning topic of pro-choice and enforced abortion. Although it's being said that women today opt for abortion willingly, the percentage of women in reality, happily prefers it, is really to be researched out. Hence, today also the latest report of WHO (2019) says most of the women all over the world die out of infection from unhygienic abortion, secretly done. And the death rate due to this, is maximum in Sub Saharan Africa, wherein racism, gender inequalities, patriarchal domination, societal hegemony still victimize the women. The post abortion trauma, life-long guilty feeling, and depression that these women undergo is another strong evidence of their reluctant choice, enforced upon them as pro-choice. Rather a woman seeks a narrow situational escape through this process. Because, there is hardly any mother who would like to kill its own mini-self, and hurl herself into the intolerable mental suffering.


On the possible influence of rocket 2nd booster or debris (i.e., by-product of the separation) to radar observation, the concept of ROIO (radar overlapped image orbit) is introduced. In this paper, the geometry between the radar location and the trajectory plane are described, the orbit determination method of ROIO in space is also proposed, the case of two or more radars is discussed and the influence caused by the earthpsilas rotation is analyzed as well. Simulation results indicate that the influence is neglectable; the original orbitpsilas ROIOs are determined by radar observation range and the geometry between the radarpsilas location and the trajectory plane. Finally, some recommendations are presented on how to avoid ROIOs to affect the determination of the targetpsilas orbit.


By prescribing travel outside pilgrims' native communities, the Ma Tsu pilgrimages of Taiwan define the sources of socially productive power as transcendent to both the individual and the community. In this article, pilgrimage ritual and rhetoric are shown to constitute a multifaceted set of mutually authenticating representations of the self-productive power of various institutions and culturally constructed selves. The most encompassing horizons of social and cultural production in pilgrimage exceed overt or conscious representation in pilgrimage itself, a fact crucial to the article's attempt to link the spatially hierarchical social organization of pilgrimages to ideological qualities inherent in pilgrimages' representations of transcendent power. From an objective or "totalizing" analytical perspective, pilgrimages are logically transcendent or encompassing levels of social production, but they entail representations of transcendence that misrecognize the sociogenic nature of this transcendence. [pilgrimage, alienation, ideology, social production]


A combination of revolutionary ideology, trouble with neighbours and location in the Middle East, where regionalism is moribund, make the Islamic Republic of Iran an unlikely enthusiast for regional coalition-building. The impetus towards regionalism derives first and foremost from geopolitical considerations–the need to counter the US government's efforts to isolate Iran–but also from domestic dynamics; the regionalist discourse has lent an acceptable ideological colouring to an increasingly pragmatic foreign policy.

Iran's neighbours, however, share neither its geopolitical predicament nor its ideological complexion, and the actual implementation of Tehran's regionalist agenda has been based on functional cooperation, rather than on geopolitics and ideology. Trade promotion and the development of transport infrastructure to link Central Asia and the Caspian to Turkey and the Persian Gulf have been the most appealing areas for northern neighbours, and dominate the agenda of the Economic Cooperation Organization, Iran's main vehicle for multilateral cooperaton with Central Asia and Azerbaijan. Tehran's 1992 proposal for a Caspian Sea Cooperation Organization has so far been stymied by the littoral states' well-publicized disagreements over the sea's legal status, though their numerous multilateral meetings and handful of agreements suggest that the idea has potential in the medium–term.

Notwithstanding the meagre tangible results to date, Iran's tilt towards regionalism has had a positive impact. It has helped to rehabilitate the Islamic Republic in the eyes of its neighbours, contributed to the evolution of policy debate at home and prepared the ground for future multilateral cooperation.


Germline POT1 mutations are associated with risk of several cancers including glioma. In The Cancer Genome Atlas, we found that the level of POT1 gene expression in tumors is associated with overall survival in IDH wild-type glioma independent of age and tumor grade (P=0.036). To assess if POT1 expression in a native mouse model of IDH wild-type glioma (referred to as C3 tumors) affects survival, we targeted both mouse POT1 orthologs (Pot1a/Pot1b) in C3 tumors using CRISPR/Cas9, generating C5 tumors. Interestingly, we noted a sexual divergence of survival, with female C5 mice dying faster than males (P=0.0034), whereas C3 mice show no sexual divergence in survival. To assess the genes and pathways underlying this divergence, we performed RNAseq profiling on C3 and C5 tumors and normalized the sex differences in the C5 profile for baseline sex differences in the C3 profile. Compared to males, female C5 tumors had lower enrichment of numerous gene sets related to immune surveillance. To specifically assess the effects of glioma-associated human POT1 variants, we expressed these variants in a mouse tumor sphere culture. We noted that expression of POT1-G95C variant increased the rate of sphere formation in vitro. In vivo expression of this variant in embryonic mouse brain during the gliogenic period increased the proliferative rate as assessed by BrdU uptake (P=0.008). These findings suggest a potential role for human POT1 variants in growth and proliferation of glial progenitor cells as well as glioma tumor cells. Additionally, the sexual divergence of survival in C5 tumors points to a differential interaction between POT1 loss and sex in regulation of immune response to these tumors.


The machanism of electromagnetic disturbance in switching-mode power supply is analysed, and the suppressing metheds are presented. A few key points of EMC design are discussed.


Additional contributors: Maire K. Kelly, Peter A. Jauert, and David T. Kirkpatrick (faculty mentor), Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development


Physiological and biological systems can be characterized as complex processes whose dynamics are constantly being influenced by nonlinear interactions. The outputs of these systems correspond to different modes of reaction due to dynamic relationships that are established between components of the system, perturbations from the external environment and changes that occur at physiological levels in the body. In this work, recent advances in the field of nonlinear dynamics are applied to fMRI data to examine the spatio-temporal properties of BOLD signal during a working memory task completion. Two groups of human subjects, one affected by schizophrenia and healthy controls, were imaged during the task completion. Recurrence properties were extracted from the time series of the most relevant voxels, using the Recurrence Plots (RP) and the Recurrence Quantitative Analysis (RQA). The purpose of the paper is to perform a description of the functional states, as well as to capture differences (if any) between the groups. Results are still preliminary but the methodology applied has margin of improvements.


Key Points • NPM1 haploinsufficiency in collaboration with MEIS1 overexpression is sufficient to induce complete AML in mice.• The MEIS1-SMC4 axis is a potential therapeutic target in NPM1c AML.


Banking institutions are of the natural feature of fragility.When the fragility comes to a certain extent,it may induce a banking crisis.The creation mechanism of banking crisis can be summed up as three processes:the fragility collection of the banking system,the impact of critical point,and the outbreak of banking crisis.According to the current development of China's banking industry,in order to effectively control the banking fragility,government should transfer the traditional administrative restriction to law restriction,establish the legal operation entity of bank branches,reconstruct the sequence of savings bank,and improve the banking organization system.


Antlers of both white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer (O. hemionus) typically are bilaterally nearly identical, although small differences in branching, size and shape can occur between left and right antlers (e.g., mule deer; Fig. 1, top panel). In contrast to this pattern, some antler abnormalities likely are genetically determined, including mule deer bucks that lack one or both antlers (Robinette and Jones 1959). Other unusual malformations of antler shape and size and number of points also occur due to (1) hormonal imbalances (especially, involving testicular injury or atrophy and incomplete testicular development), or (2) disease of and injuries to the velvet, a pedicel or a limb (Robinette and Jones 1959; Marburger et al. 1972; Karns and Ditchkoff 2013; Fox et al. 2015; Flinn, Pierce and Sumners N.D.). The mechanism involved in malformation of antlers is not understood but might result from reallocation of nutrients (e.g., calcium and proteins) from antler formation to healing of the leg injury (Flinn, Pierce and Sumners N.D.).


FIELD: radio engineering, communication. SUBSTANCE: ultra-wideband small-size antenna has: an earthing element placed in the immediate vicinity of the surface of the human body; a radiating element whose external dimensions are close to those of the earthing element lies away from the earthing element in a direction approximately perpendicular to the surface of the body at distance of 0.2-0.5 times the average wavelength of the working frequency range; a short-circuiting element mounted in at least two copies and configured to connect the earthing element to the radiating element at such points that its position is approximately perpendicular to the surface of the body; a conducting power element connected to the earthing element and the radiating element at arbitrary points, arranged in a position which is close to being perpendicular to the surface of the body, and has a gap in an arbitrary region with size of not more than 0.125 times the smallest wavelength of the working range, wherein said earthing element and radiating element are oriented in parallel to the surface of the human body, and the earthing element and/or radiating element has at least three slit cuts with an arbitrary shape. The communication device is designed to use such an antenna. EFFECT: providing a high transfer constant in a radio link between terminals on the surface of a human body. 9 cl, 2 dwg


Many years ago Dr. Joseph Ferrari, the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community, completed his master's thesis under my supervision at the State University of New York College at Cortland. The title of his thesis was ''Training preschoolers in behavioral self-control of on-task behaviors.'' Some time ago we were reminiscing about those days and he inquired if I still had undergraduate students doing behavior analytic work in field settings. I mentioned several current projects that I thought were pretty interesting. With pleasure I saw that although Joe has gone on to a distinguished international career in Psychology, he could still get excited about the ''simple'' behavior change programs that my students were doing. On the spot Joe invited me to put together a set of articles illustrating behavior analytic projects done by undergraduate students at SUNY Cortland, together with a representative review of published research by investigators using applied behavior analysis in communities. This issue is the result. The review attempts to capture some of the extensive research done in communities. Although I had previously done some of this research myself and was already familiar with much of it, I found myself once again intrigued and delighted at the breadth and creativity of the new research, and the remarkable findings obtained. I found it exhilarating to read new and old articles in this field. Serious at heart, the work in this area is also fun. I am hopeful that some of this excitement and pleasure will be communicated in this review. The undergraduate papers included in this issue reflect some of the variety of research done in behavioral community psychology. The papers are roughly organized from childhood to adulthood, and from programs that target the specific behaviors of individuals to those that are of societal interest and concern.


PURPOSE: To obtain the optical heterodyne detecting and receiving device capable of stably removing an image signal against a disturbance. CONSTITUTION: Signal light 1 is passed through a 1st polarized wave controller 2 and a polarized wave separating element 3 to generate a linear polarized wave. This signal light 1 and local oscillation light 19 passed through a 2nd polarized wave controller 10 are multiplexed and the projection light from the 1st output port of an optical multiplexer is photodetected to obtain a 1st beat signal 20. The projection light from the 2nd output port of the optical multiplexer is made incident on a constant polarization optical fiber 11 arranged slantingly at 45° to the polarized wave of the signal light 1. The projection light of the constant polarization fiber 11 is photodetected to obtain a 2nd beat signal 15. The polarized wave of the signal light 1 is controlled by putting the 1st polarized wave control element 2 in operation so that the 1st beat signal 20 is always maximum. At the same time, the polarized wave of the local oscillation light 19 is controlled by putting the 2nd polarized wave control element 10 in operation so that the 2nd beat signal 15 is always maximum, thereby stably removing the image signal. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


Depression is a serious malady. It has shown to affect people of all age groups and is a growing cause of suicides. The electrical activity of the brain is depicted through electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Studies have shown that EEG signals are a major indication of a person's emotional state and hence are used in a huge number of studies on depression assessment. Deep learning is gaining ground in depression assessment using EEG signals. This paper summarizes the various methods used to assess depression using EEG signals, through machine and deep learning techniques. Index Terms Electroencephalogram, deep learning, emotion recognition, depression.


Abstract : Maneuvers employing atmospheric forces to assist in orbital changes hold potential for significant fuel savings over purely exoatmospheric propulsive methods. The term synergetic has been coined to describe the combination of propulsive and atmospheric forces used by a maneuvering flight vehicle. This thesis concentrates on non-coplanar synergetic maneuvers using two different control methods for various lifting bodies over a range of heating rates and orbital speeds. The objective of this thesis is to study the aerocruise and aerobang maneuvers. The aerocruise maneuver has been studies for more than twenty years and is commonly thought to be the fuel-optimal solution to a maneuver flown at a constant heating rate. A new maneuver, the aerobang, has recently laid doubt as to the optimality of the aerocrusie maneuver. The aerobang maneuver demonstrates the ability to yield a higher inclination change for a given amount of fuel as compared to the aerocruise maneuver. Within this thesis a computer code is developed to model both the aerobang and aerocruise maneuvers. It is shown that there exist flight regimes where the aerobang method is superior to the aerocruise method.


A novel terbium(III) coordination polymer [Tb(C7H3NO4)(C6H4NO2)(H2O)] was successfully synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The complex is of monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 9.2252(11), b = 14.1477(16), c = 10.5134(12) A, β = 95.770(2)°, V = 1365.2(3) A3, Z = 4, Dc = 2.248 g·cm-3, F(000) = 880, the final R = 0.0176 and w R = 0.0411 for 2149 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). The complex is extended into a three-dimensional network structure with 24-atom rings which are composed of Tb, C and O atoms. The complex displays green fluorescence emission in the solid state at room temperature, which corresponds to 5D4 → 7F5 transition of the Tb(III) ion.


In order to achieve accurate superposition of array lasers in the far field and ensure the quality of the array laser synthetic beam, it is required that the array laser sub-beams point in the same direction, i.e., there is no tilt aberration between the sub-beams. To this end, a composite sensing-based array laser tilt detection and correction method is proposed, which combines single-lens detection with microlens array detection and can achieve large dynamic range, high accuracy and high bandwidth correction to a certain extent. The basic principle of the method is: for the large dynamic range of the array laser first use microlens detection and stochastic parallel gradient descent algorithm (SPGD) for coarse correction, when the array laser sub-beam into the microlens array range, use microlens detection and PI control combined to achieve fast and high precision correction of the array laser tilt aberration. The tilt correction effect of the composite sensing-based array laser tilt correction method is compared with that of the SPGD control algorithm alone and the PI control algorithm alone, and the results show that the iteration efficiency of this method is 3.5 times higher than that of the SPGD algorithm alone for the same tilt correction results, and the synthetic beam quality is significantly improved after the tilt correction. The composite sensing-based array laser tilt aberration correction solves the contradiction between large dynamic range and high accuracy and high bandwidth to a certain extent without significantly increasing the system complexity, and effectively improves the anti-jamming ability and environmental adaptability of the array laser, which has great potential and promising application.


OBJECTIVES
The SimpliRED whole blood D-dimer assay for exclusion of deep venous thrombosis in symptomatic outpatient appears to be a simple and rapid method; we wanted to confirm its reliability.

METHODS
Fifty consecutive outpatients (mean age 57, range 20 to 89) referred to our department between September and December 1996, for clinically suspected deep venous thrombosis (DVT) were included. Hospitalized patients were excluded as well as patients under anticoagulant and pregnant women. DVT was diagnosed with our usual strategy of compression ultrasonography at the levels of the common femoral, the superficial femoral and the popliteal veins including the exploration of sural and saphenous veins. The D-dimer assay was performed, according to the manufacturer recommendation, blindly by a physician unaware of the results of ultrasonography within one hour.

RESULTS
Eight of nineteen patients with DVT had a normal D-dimer test result Four had a sural DVT, but four had a proximal DVT. Furthermore four patients with normal D-dimers had superficial venous thrombosis.

CONCLUSIONS
Our series does not confirm the high sensitivity and negative predictive value reported previously. To date it is premature to propose this assay as a first line test in the therapeutic management of patients with suspected DVT.


The Purpose of this paper is to alert radiation therapists to the possibility of progressive source misalignment in certain types of Co60 teletherapy units, to discuss its effects on dose distribution, and to suggest several simple and practicable technics for its early detection. Such misalignment is especially insidious, as the machine shows no obvious signs of malfunction, even though the radiation pattern may be grossly distorted. The present discussion applies primarily to teletherapy units which have the source attached to a wheel that rotates 180 degrees to carry the source from the "off" to the "on" position. The wheel is brought to the "on" position by a motor-driven gear train and to the "off" position by a coiled steel spring. As long as no current flows through the motor, the source is held securely in the "off" position by the spring tension. When the motor is energized, the wheel is rotated half a revolution, its motion being arrested by a lug on the wheel striking an adjustable stop fastene...


The objective of this study was to determine the cost-benefits of a vibratory finishing process, developed at Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL), which has been used successfully to remove a variety of transuranic (TRU) contaminants from surfaces of metallic and nonmetallic wastes. Once TRU contaminants are removed, the metallic and nonmetallic materials can be disposed of as low-level waste (LLW). Otherwise, these materials would be disposed of in geologic repositories. This study provides an economic evaluation of the vibratory finishing process as a possible method for use in decontaminating and decommissioning retired facilities at Hanford and oher sites. Specifically, the economic evaluation focuses on a scoping design for a mobile, trailer-contained facility, which could be used in the field in conjunction with decontamination and decommissioning operations. The capital cost of the mobile facility is estimated to be about $1.09 million including contingency and working capital. Annual operating costs, including disposal costs, are estimated to be $440,000 for processing about 6340 ft/sup 3//yr of pre-sectioned, TRU-contaminated material. Combining the operating cost and the capital cost, annualized at a discount rate of 10%, the total annual cost estimate is $602,000. The unit cost for vibratory finishing is estimated to be about $11/ft/sup 3/more » of original reference glove box volume (Abrams et at. 1980). All costs are in first quarter 1981 dollars. Although not directly comparable, the unit cost for the vibratory finishing process is very favorable when considered beside typical, substantially higher, unit costs for processing and geologically disposing of TUR-contaminated materials. The probable accuracy of this study cost estimate is about +- 30%. It is therefore recommended that a detailed cost estimate be prepared if a mobile facility is designed.« less


At longer timescales. the interaction among climate. ecosystems. and the abiotic components of the environment become increasingly important. These relationships are apparent in the three chapters in part IV. Fountain and Lyons (chapter 16). examining the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MCM) ecosystem in Antarctic. provide an excellent example of a case where past climatic variations truly dictate current ecosystem status. The relatively large climate variations at MCM haw concentrated nutrients that could not haw been attained without this climate \'ariability, Fountain and Lyons infer climate change from geomorphic evidence of past glacier positions and lake level heights as \vell as more recent isotopic results from ice cores and temperature measurements from boreholes. They focus on evidence from the most recent 60.000 years. Monger (chapter 17) provides an analysis of millennial-scale climate and ecosystem variability at the lornada LTER site in southern New Mexico. Monger notes the difficulty of untangling prehistoric climate/ecosystem interactions. where researchers must rely on indirect proxy indicators in lieu of measured data, Monger analyzes a number of proxy data sources. including paleolake levels. plant remnants preserved in packrat middens. fossil pollens. carbon isotope ratios in paleosols. and erosion rates. Although noting the danger of circular reasoning in using proxy data (i.e .. ecosystem response used to infer information about climatic change. \vhich is in turn inferred from ecosystem response) Monger uses these data to construct a cogent picture of climate change at the lornada site URN) since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) about 18.000-20.000 years B.P, Using remains of beetles. Elias (chapter 18) constJ'ucts a temperature history of the Colorado Alpine since the LGM. These late Holocene insect records show a progression from wanner-than-modern to coolerthan-modern summers. and back to warm again. All the authors in this section pro-


. We announce an analogue of the celebrated theorem by Campbell, Baker, Hausdorff, and Dynkin for the q -exponential exp q ( x ) = (cid:80) ∞ n =0 x n [ n ] q ! , with the usual notation for q -factorials: [ n ] q ! := [ n − 1] q ! · ( q n − 1) / ( q − 1) and [0] q ! := 1. Our result states that if x and y are non-commuting indeterminates and [ y,x ] q is the q -commutator yx − q xy , then there exist linear combinations Q i,j ( x,y ) of iterated q -commutators with exactly i x 's, j y 's and [ y,x ] q in their central position, such that exp q ( x )exp q ( y ) = exp q (cid:0) x + y + (cid:80) i,j ≥ 1 Q i,j ( x,y ) (cid:1) . Our expansion is consistent with the well-known result by Sch¨utzenberger ensuring that one has exp q ( x )exp q ( y ) = exp q ( x + y ) if and only if [ y,x ] q = 0, and it improves former partial results on q -deformed exponentiation. Furthermore, we give an algorithm which produces conjecturally a minimal generating set for the relations between [ y,x ] q -centered q -commutators of any bidegree ( i,j ), and it allows us to compute all possible Q i,j .


A primary procedure for analyzing data obtained from cellular typing experiments is described. The procedure is exemplified by data obtained from primed lymphocyte testing. The data are given in sufficient detail so that the reader may, if he wishes, work through a complete analysis.


Container technologies are widely used in infrastructures to deploy and manage applications in cloud computing environment. As containers are light-weight software, the cluster of cloud applications can easily scale up or down to provide Internet-based services. Container-based applications can well deal with fluctuate workloads by dynamically adjusting physical resources. Current works of scheduling applications often construct applications' performance models with collected historical training data, but these works with static models cannot self-adjust physical resources to meet the dynamic requirements of cloud computing. Thus, we propose a self-adaptive automatic container scheduling framework AutoScale for cloud applications, which uses a feedback-based approach to adjust physical resources by extending, contracting and migrating containers. First, a queue-based performance model for cloud applications is proposed to correlate performance and workloads. Second, a fuzzy Kalman filter is used to adjust the performance model's parameters to accurately predict applications' response time. Third, extension, contraction and migration strategies based on predicted response time are designed to schedule containers at runtime. Furthermore, we have implemented a framework AutoScale with container scheduling strategies. By comparing with current approaches in an experiment environment deployed with typical applications, we observe that AutoScale has advantages in predicting response time, and scheduling containers to guarantee that response time keeps stable in fluctuant workloads.


Three-dimensional Maschinenabtastvorrichtung for driving a construction machine, comprising: a fixed on a machine pair of samplers, each of the pair of scanners measures distances to a number of points on the floor of the construction site, with a scanner of the pair of scanners turned back and facing the other scanner of the pair of scanners forward is , and a controller responsive to the pair of pick-up for determining the contour of the worksite, and a mounted on the machine and responsive to said control display for displaying the contour of the worksite.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of primary posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation of posterior capsular rupture (PCR) with cataract extracted by phacoemulsification.

METHOD
Primary posterior chamber IOL implantation was performed on 29 cases (29 eyes) with PCR occurring in 184 cases (200 eyes) during cataract extraction by phacoemulsification.

RESULTS
In-the-bag implantation was performed on 10 cases, and sulcus-fixed lens implantation on 19 cases. The post-operative uncorrected visual acuities in 17 cases (58.62%) were 1.0 or better and 0.5 - 0.9 in 10 cases (34.48%). The corrected visual acuities in 22 cases (75.86%) were 1.0 or better and 0.5 - 0.9 in 5 cases (17.24%) after 3 months of operation. The complications included corneal edema and damage of pupillary margin in the operation, and anterior vitreous inflammatory reaction after the operation.

CONCLUSION
The posterior chamber IOL can be primarily implanted in cases with PCR and functional anterior or posterior capsular support after the anterior segment vitreous was cleaned.


ABSTRACTCarbon dioxide capture and injection into the subsurface has aroused great interest in the past few years as a method to enhance oil recovery and mitigate CO2 emissions. The Dickman Oilfield located in Kansas provides two possible CO2 sequestration targets: a regional deep saline reservoir (the primary objective) and a shallower mature depleted oil reservoir (secondary). We focused on the shallower depleted oil reservoir through a 250-year flow-simulation scenario and a fault leakage test. Seismic responses at various time intervals were simulated to help monitor CO2 flow paths and injection stability. A complex and realistic geologic model with unconformity was embedded in the flow-simulation model. A regridding technique was used that assigned geologic values to a regular seismic grid that allowed 2D acoustic and elastic finite-difference simulation. Gassmann fluid substitution theory was used to obtain the reservoir properties with different CO2 saturations, and the vertical seismic profile was...


Multimorbidity (MM) has become one of the greatest challenges for patients and healthcare providers, calling for the development of care models that offer holistic, patient-centered care plans. Our objective was to assess the applicability and effectiveness of the Chrodis Integrated Multimorbidity Care Model (IMCM) to improve care for patients with MM in the Public Health System of Aragón, a region in northeastern Spain where MM affects 80% of people over 65 years of age.

 We developed and implemented a set of actions ("change package") to target three main improvement areas (i.e., care fragmentation, training of professionals and community care) covering all five dimensions of the model. We used key process and outcome indicators to evaluate each action, including healthcare service use (hospitalizations, emergency room visits), delivery of care (care plans, case managers), improvement in MM management skills of professionals (online training course), and patient self-perceived quality of care (ad-hoc questionnaire).

 291 patients of over 65 years of age with MM were recruited. At the end of the implementation every patient had a designated case manager and an individualized care plan, and 96.7% had their social situation assessed. During the 1-year pilot intervention, patients averaged 0.69 hospitalizations and 1.24 visits to the emergency room; 87.5% reported a self-perceived improvement of received care. 348 community resources were mapped and made available online in an official website. 89% of professionals who were offered to participate in the training programme agreed, reporting 8.3/10 satisfaction with the course, and improved their MM management skills from 7.36 to 9.18/10.

 The IMCM is applicable in the context of the Spanish Public Health System and is effective in improving quality of care for patients and professionals alike.

 Reinforcing the mechanisms that integrate community, primary and hospital care is still necessary if we intend to reduce the negative health outcomes associated to care fragmentation in multimorbidity. The sustainability of the model requires the continued collaboration of key stakeholders and the awareness that multimorbidity is an issue that exceeds purely economic and structural barriers.


Purpose
This paper presents the design techniques applied to a novel fractional-slot 6/4 pole permanent magnet brushless direct current (PMBLDC) motor, for cogging torque reduction. The notable feature of this motor is the simplicity of the design and low production cost. The purpose of this paper is to reduce the peak cogging torque of the motor. The focus is put on the stator topology tuning, and a new design for the stator poles is proposed. By determining the optimum stator pole arc length and the best pole shoe thickness, the cogging torque is significantly reduced. This new optimised motor design has been analysed in detail. The validation of the results is documented with respective figures and charts.

Design/methodology/approach
At the beginning, the design data for the 6/4 pole PMBLDC motor with concentrated three phase windings and asymmetric stator pole arcs is presented. In the study, this motor is taken as a reference model (A0, T0). A full performance finite element analysis of the reference motor has been carried out, and the weak points in the motor design have been identified. By simple design techniques, tuning the stator pole geometry, a two-stage design optimisation for cogging torque minimisation has been performed and the solution array has been derived. The optimised model is selected and proposed (Aopt, Topt). The comparative analysis of the reference and optimised motors show the advantages of the proposed novel design and prove the methodology.

Findings
The results of the work demonstrate how simple design techniques can minimise the peak of the cogging torque profile, while maintaining the specified electromagnetic torque value. The sensitivity of the cogging torque profile because of changes of the stator pole design inside the prescribed constraints is apparent. The stator poles of the reference motor have an arc length of 85° and pole shoe thickness of 6 mm. The newly shaped stator poles have an arc length of 78.5° and pole shoe thickness 4.8 mm. The peak-cogging torque has been reduced from 0.158 Nm to a respectable value of 0.066 Nm. However, to reduce electromagnetic torque ripple and pulsations, further investigations are required.

Originality/value
The paper presents an approach to cogging torque reduction for a 6/4 PMBLDC motor. A two-step original design procedure is introduced and an optimised stator pole geometry is defined. The minimised cogging torque has been demonstrated with improved usage of the active materials. This work could serve as a good basis for further optimisation of the motor design.


The fruit is a typical Angiosperm structure that derives from an ovary after fertilisation. It has greatly contributed to the evolutionary success of Angiosperms because of the fundamental role played in the dispersal of seeds. Gymnosperms produce seeds like Angiosperms but, unlike the latter, they do not make flowers, therefore they cannot develop fruit proper. However, in all living Gymnosperm taxa (Cycadales, Ginkgoales, Coniferales and Gnetales) species can be found that produce seeds surrounded by fleshy structures. The latter would not be a real fruit because they are not originated from ovaries which are present only in flowers. However, from a functional point of view these structures behave like real fruits because they facilitate the dispersal of seeds.
The aim of this work is to study some of the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and ripening of fleshy structures in two Gymnosperms: Ginkgo biloba and Taxus baccata. They represent two Gymnosperms whose seeds are surrounded by fleshy structures that have different origins. In ginkgo it is the external integument of the seed that grows and becomes fleshy, while in yew the fleshy aril develops de novo from the peduncle at the base of the ovule.
Regarding development, MADS-box genes belonging to different groups (i.e. AGL6 and TM8) were studied. The expression pattern of these genes was determined for both species in several tissues, with particular attention for the pulp at different stages of development. Results indicate a possible role for the above genes during the formation and ripening of both ginkgo and yew "fruits". Interestingly, a previous study had demonstrated that another MADS-box gene (i.e. AGAMOUS) was involved in fruit development and ripening in the same species (Lovisetto, 2007). These results suggest that similar genes have been recruited for the development of fleshy fruits in Angiosperms and Gymnosperms.
In order to investigate the molecular aspects of the ripening syndrome, several genes involved in the softening process, in the change of color, in the synthesis and perception of ethylene were studied both in ginkgo and yew. Results indicate a strong similarity between aril and Angiosperm fruits as regards the ripening process even though ethylene does not appear to be produced by a system 2 pathway as occurs in the truly climacteric fruits.
Based on the function performed and the molecular characteristics studied in this work, the fleshy structures surrounding the Gymnosperm seeds can be defined fruits. Thus, the "fruit" function seems to have developed in parallel with the seed and to have pre-dated the appearance of the flower.


Moyamoya disease or moyamoya syndrome describes a progressive, non-inflammatory stenosis of the distal internal carotid arteries. this arteriopathy often presents early in life, and is an important cause of stroke and disability in children. isolated moyamoya disease is most common in asian populations where genetic explanations are emerging1. Moyamoya syndrome occurs within other conditions including sickle cell disease, down syndrome, neurofibromatosis-1, cranial irradiation, and systemic vascular disorders such as pediatric fibromuscular dysplasia2. the clinical presentation of pediatric moyamoya syndrome and stroke can be variable. acute focal deficits secondary to large arterial strokes, gradual neurocognitive decline due to progressive watershed infarcts, and migraine-like headache disorders are possible. neuroimaging with magnetic resonance imaging (Mri) can demonstrate distinctive patterns of hypoperfusion and injury. angiographic modalities confirm arteriopathy extent and character while demonstrating the abnormal collaterals that produce the classical "puff of smoke'' appearance. Mucolipidosis–ii (Ml-ii) and Mucolipidosis-iii (Ml-iii) are autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorders associated with reduced enzymatic function of udp-n-acetylglucosamine: lysosomal hydrolase n-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase (glcnac-pt), a product of the GNPTAB gene3. the phosphotransferase is essential to the synthesis of a mannose 6phosphate residue on lysosomal hydrolases, which targets trafficking of the enzymes to lysosomes. deficiency of the phosphotransferase results in reduced levels of enzymes within the lysosome and accumulation of lysosomal enzymes outside the lysosome. Mucolipidosis–ii, also known as i-cell disease, typically has an aggressive infantile onset and is often fatal in the first decade. Children typically present with early progressive developmental delay, coarse facial features, and multisystem disease including valvular insufficiency and orthopedic complications. Mucolipidosis-iii is an attenuated form of Ml-ii with delayed onset and survival to 30 to 40 years-of-age and the two disorders exists along a continuum. the diagnosis of Ml-ii or Ml-iii requires evidence of low enzyme activity of glcnacpt, most often performed in cultured skin fibroblasts, and this can be associated with a mutation in the GNPTAB gene. Cerebrovascular complications in Ml-ii have not been described. We report an eight year-old girl with Ml-ii diagnosed with moyamoya syndrome and successfully treated with revascularization surgery. Moyamoya Syndrome Associated with Mucolipidosis-II


The Iowa Chronic Care Consortium is an independent, not-for-profit entity. As a voluntary collaboration of public, private, academic and government organizations its purpose is to develop capacity for the state of Iowa to effectively manage the most prevalent chronic diseases affecting Iowans. Through effective health promotion and chronic care management strategies, ICCC strives to improve the health and productivity of individuals where they live and work. ICCC is coordinated by Des Moines University. Partners include Iowa Farm Bureau, Iowa Health ...


It has become obvious that modern ships suffer from problems related to their seakeeping-behavior, which is mainly related to large amplitude roll motion in head and following seas. As these effects are not covered by the existing intact stability criteria, an additional concept was developed. This new concept allows us to quantify the risk of the occurrence of large roll angles by calculating a capsizing index. The question left open so far was, how much stability would be required for a certain ship to meet a distinct safety level against capsizing. This paper presents an approach addressing this question based on the analysis of some real capsizing accidents analyzed by applying various criteria proposed in the past, in comparison to the new intact stability index. For this purpose our simulation code, ROLLS, was applied, taking into account relevant effects such as cargo shift, additional heeling moments and water ingress.


Baz and Hussein (2006), Owen et al (2007), and I agree that: (i) lower thromboemolic complications and evidence of some inherent anti-myeloma activity warrant the use of low dose aspirin (ASA) in multiple myeloma (MM); and (ii) the prognostic significance of cyclooxygenase (COX) expression and its inhibition with ASA and other COX inhibitors is worthy of further study. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) both commonly function as growth factors in MM (Kast, 2005, 2006; Kuku et al, 2005). Many other malignancies also use IL-6 as a potent growth factor, for e.g. glioblastomas (Kast & Altschuler, 2006), melanomas, prostate cancer and others. As IL-6 levels tend to bear a positive relation to intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, and TNF an inverse relation to cAMP levels, IL-6 and TNF tend to be counter regulated (Kast, 2006). In inflammatory disease and malignancies such as MM, they both can be elevated and attempts to lower one risk raising the other. This is thought to be why COX inhibitors are not disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; they lower IL-6, but increase TNF (Kast, 2006). Although involving few patients, the data of Tsimberidou et al, (reviewed in Kast, 2005), indicate that inadvertent pharmacological elevation of TNF may hasten MM progression. ASA and other COX inhibitors may potentially lower IL-6 but, by the same mechanism, also increase circulating TNF levels (Kast, 2006). That a given medicine has both disease inhibiting and disease enhancing effects is not new or odd. Examples abound. Doxorubicin, often used in MM treatment, both upregulates COX expression and engages nuclear factor jB-mediated antiapoptosis paths (Minotti et al, 2004). Several currently available drugs have been shown to lower IL-6 in various experimental situations (Kast & Altschuler, 2006) and may do so in MM. Bupropion was recently shown to lower TNF elevations in mice given lipopolysaccharide (Brustolim et al, 2006) and may do so in MM, though with risk of IL-6 elevation. The situation is not simple. Interleukin-6 and TNF are easily measured and correlated to MM disease activity. Efforts to lower both can then begin if lowering is shown to retard MM progression. R. E. Kast


Aiming at the shortage of qualified mechanical engineer and beginning with higher engineering education,this paper researches the reasons why developing of basic engineering character has some problems . The corresponding methods are put forward to improve the quality and level of higher engineering education.


The general expressions of the lth power(l∈) for one type of tridiagonal matrices with zeros in the first and/or the last rows are derived.The methods used and the results obtained here are more direct and simple than those by Leonaite and Rimas.


: This paper argues for the extension of the term 'new English' to English creoles. It finds the distinction between 'native' and 'indigenized/nativized' Englishes as inadequate from the point of view of language genesis as the distinction between 'indigenized' and 'creole' Englishes. It argues that the criteria used for these distinctions are largely ethnographic and sociohistorical; more may be learned from treating them as different outcomes of the same language contact equation, which are determined by simply modifying the values of variables in the equation.


In this paper we describe the events leading to the founding of the London Mathematical Society in 1865, and discuss the progress of the Society throughout its first two years.


2 Reykjavík University May, 2016 Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine if strategic human resource management (SHRM) maturity influences downsizing harshness in Icelandic organisations and to see if there is a difference between sectors. The framework used to determine SHRM maturity was the maturity framework by Paul Kearns (2003; 2009), and the framework used to determine downsizing harshness was the downsizing alternatives framework by Einarsdóttir, Ólafsdóttir and Arnardóttir (2016). The data was collected from the CRANET research, and results from 195 organisations in both 2012 and 2015 were used in this study. The main findings were that organisations in the private sector are more mature in all domains of SHRM. Another finding was that the more mature organisations are, the harsher downsizing alternatives they use. All domains of overall SHRM maturity predict the use of harsher downsizing alternatives, however, overall maturity and compensation have the strongest unique contribution to downsizing harshness. The implications drawn from this study are that because private organisations are higher in SHRM maturity, they tend to use hasher downsizing alternatives. As this study is the first to explore these two frameworks together, it gives a new perspective into research of downsizing as well as within the field of human resource management and organisational behaviour.


Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secreted exosomes exert a cardioprotective role in jeopardized myocardium. However, the specific effects and underlying mechanisms of exosomes derived from adipose-derived MSCs (ADMSCs) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remain largely unclear. In this study, ADMSC-derived exosomes (ADMSCs-ex) were administrated into the rats subjected to I/R injury and H9c2 cells exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Consequently, administration of ADMSCs-ex significantly reduced I/R-induced myocardial infarction, accompanied with a decrease in serum levels of creatine kinase-myocardial band, lactate dehydrogenase, and cardiac troponin I (cTnI). Simultaneously, ADMSCs-ex dramatically antagonized I/R-induced myocardial apoptosis, along with the upregulation of Bcl-2 and downregulation of Bax, and inhibition of Caspase 3 activity in rat myocardium. Similarly, ADMSCs-ex significantly reduced cell apoptosis and the expression of Bax, but markedly increased cell viability and the expression of Bcl-2 and Cyclin D1 under H/R. Furthermore, ADMSCs-ex observably induced the activation of Wnt/&bgr;-catenin signaling by attenuating I/R- and H/R-induced inhibition of Wnt3a, p-GSK-3&bgr; (Ser9), and &bgr;-catenin expression. Importantly, treatment with Wnt/&bgr;-catenin inhibitor XAV939 partly neutralized ADMSC-ex–induced antiapoptotic and prosurvival effects in H9c2 cells. In conclusion, we confirmed that ADMSCs-ex protect ischemic myocardium from I/R injury through the activation of Wnt/&bgr;-catenin signaling pathway.


Forests set natural conditions and embody a repository of biological diversity that represents a myriad of ecosystem services for human well-being. The spatial patterns and the forest ecosystems' dynamics over time make the forests of particular environmental significance for the provision of ecosystem services. The terrestrial biodiversity and the sustainable management strategies' demand for mapping and assessment of the dynamics for the condition of forest ecosystems by drawing attention to the soil properties. In order to take on that task, the data series obtained by the International Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (ICP Forests) for the period 1986–2016 were found as appropriate quantitative indicators that convey information about the ecosystem's capacity to provide certain regulating ecosystem services. The ICP Forests Level I sites, located in the Central Balkan region, provide consistent information, which is collected on a regular basis about observed forest stands. ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ § © Yaneva R et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are


Objective To explore the train attendants' neurobehavioral functions. Methods The neurobehavioral core test battery(NCTB)were detected and analyzed among 305train attendants and 283logistics staffs as a control group matched with gender,age,working age,education level,smoking and drinking.The subjects were selected according to the random cluster sampling method in passenger depot of Jinan Railway Administration. Results The train attendants' scores of tension-anxiety(9.37±6.42),depression-dejection(13.63±11.72)and anger-hostility(12.34±9.38)in POMS were higher than logistics staffs' scores(7.61±4.23,10.91±5.79,8.26±4.40)(P 0.05).Their scores of vigor-activity(19.72±5.94),backwards digit-span and total scores in digit span(11.62±2.19,17.92±3.52),Santa Anna manual dexterity(16.92±2.58,16.58±2.43)and digit symbol test(55.76±17.34)were lower than logistics staffs' scores(22.52±6.21,13.86±2.26,20.51±2.82,18.21±3.04,17.43±3.15,59.54±17.25)(P 0.05).Female train attendants' scores of digit symbol test(64.68±1.18)and total tapping in pursuit aiming scoreⅡ(279.46±4.80)were higher than male train attendants' score(60.15±1.42,258.34±5.75)(P 0.05).The train attendants' scores of tensionanxiety(10.72±0.81),depression-dejection(13.88±1.19),fatigue-inertia(9.26±0.75)and confusion-bewiderment(8.85±0.58)in working age groups10years were significantly higher than that in working age groups 20years-(8.29±1.09,10.30±1.61,6.08±1.01,6.74±0.78)(P 0.05).The number of correct pursuit aiming dot in working age groups 20-years(244.60±9.94)were significantly higher than that in working age groups 10years-(221.47±7.34)and10years(198.01±9.04)(P 0.05).The number of total pursuit aiming dot in working age groups 10years(248.08±10.22)were significantly lower than that in working age groups 10years-(279.82±8.30)and 20years-(294.30±11.24)(P 0.05). Conclusion The train attendants have injury of neurobehavioral function.It is necessary to carry out intervention in train attendants to avoid harmful effect on the workers.


This investigation evaluated the uncertainties in albedo derived from geostationary and polar orbiting optical sensors with emphasis on the spectral characteristics, angular sampling and atmospheric correction issues. Albedo simulations were achieved by using satellite orbital models and the SAIL code to produce synthetic bidirectional reflectance data sets for a range of vegetation canopies. Among the list of BRDF model candidates for operational use, two BRDF models were inverted with the simulated data of MSG, AVHRR and MSG-AVHRR combined. The values of retrieved model coefficients were used to derive spectral albedo. The synergistic use of data from different sensors raised issues related to the differences in spectral bands, atmospheric effects, and the assumption of the reciprocity principle.


A double-barrel syringe was constructed by recombin ing the component parts of two commercially available and disposable hypodermic syringes and needles. The unit was sterilized and was used to perform dual pharma ceutical injections with a single successful venipuncture. The syringe was found to be easier to handle and having fewer drawbacks than present iv delivery systems. Ap plications for three routine examinations are described. cession