Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange are companies that need funds from investors so that stakeholders have an important role in the sustainability of the company. companies must make returns on investments made by investors so that companies do various ways to increase profits. Profitability ratios can be used to measure profits that can be obtained by the company. The purpose of this study to analyze the factors that are considered to affect the company's profitability include intellectual capital calculated using the VAICTM formula and disclosure of sustainability reports calculated using the IndexSR formula based on the GRI-G4 Sustainability Report Guidelines. The sample in this study were 19 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2014-2016 period. The method used in this study is descriptive statistics and panel data regression. The sample selection technique used is purposive sampling. Data analysis method uses panel data regression analysis with a significance level of 5%. Based on the results of the study, simultaneous intellectual capital and disclosure of sustainability reports have a significant effect on company profitability of 31.4701%. Partially, intellectual capital has a significant positive effect on profitability while disclosure of sustainability reports does not affect profitability.


We present some techniques for producing Vaccinium membranaceum Douglas ex Torr. (Ericaceae) from seeds in a container nursery. We use a novel container-to-container transplant system to grow robust seedlings to a marketable size sooner than was possible with past practices.


Objective:To discuss the relationship between free lipits and cold-heat properties and furtherly reveal the related of four properties and material basis. Methods:10 kinds of cold traditional Chinese medicines and 10 kinds of hot traditional Chinese medicines were selected for the determination. The Free Lipid were extrated by soxhlet extraction,and methyl esterification by plusing 2% sulfuric acid-methanol under 70℃ water bath. After that,it was determined by GC-MS method,and analyzed by SVM. Results:A mathematics discriminant model had been established by SVM. The conclusion obtained by SVM method correspond with the Cold or Heat Property of Traditional Chinese Medicines. Conclusion:The support vector machine analysis could distinguish 20 kinds of cold and hot natures of Traditional Chinese Medicine. There is a significant correlation between Cold-Heat natures and the free lipit. In addition,the free lipit is one of the material basis of four natures of Traditional Chinese Medicine.


In this paper tantalum oxide arrays with eximious dielectric films were fabricated on the surface of a pure tantalum sheet by direct electrochemical anodic oxidation. Essential mechanism of preparaing Ta2O5 by anodic oxidation was analysed.The parameters of the anodic oxidation such as different electrolyte,oxidation voltage and heat treatment influenced on properties of tantalum oxide were discussed.XRD,EDS ,AFM and current testing instrument with high resistance techniques have been used to characterize the Ta2O5 dielectric film. It shows that crystallization is effectively prevented when glycol is appened in the H3PO4 electrolyte.The resisitant breakdown voltage is strong as oxidation voltage is between 125 and 150V in which Ta2O5 dielectric films are fabricated. The intestine structure of Ta2O5 films is more compact at 350℃/60min in air atmosphere,by which the resisitant breakdown voltage of dielectric films availably enhances.


The glass sheet bending process, in a continuous furnace in a horizontal position on the glass sheet is heated to bending temperature, by means of an upward hot gas stream flowing in the glass sheet bending chamber pressed against a convex bending mold, the mold is located above the plane of conveyance of the glass sheet. The bent glass sheet is placed on the molded ring displaceable by the molding ring transfers it to the cooling station. By means of a suction plate, the glass plate is lifted from the continuous furnace conveyor roller chain, and placed on a movable transfer ring. Conveying the glass sheet is positioned on the ring. By transfer ring, the glass sheet is bent to the chamber. Transmitting the position of the terminal ring in the bending chamber, the glass sheet bending mold in a terminal position on the opposite.


Tremendous advances in understanding the structure and function of the superfamily of phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) enzymes has occurred in the twenty-first century. The superfamily includes 15 groups comprising four main types including the secreted sPLA 2 , cytosolic cPLA 2 , calcium-independent iPLA 2 , and platelet activating factor (PAF) acetyl hydrolase/oxidized lipid lipoprotein associated (Lp)PLA 2 . We review herein our current understanding of the structure and interaction with substrate phospholipids, which resides in membranes for a representative of each of these main types of PLA 2 . We will also briefly review the development of inhibitors of these enzymes and their roles in lipid signaling. — Burke, J. E., and E. A. Dennis. Phospholipase A 2 structure/function, mechanism, and signaling. J. Lipid Res. 2009. S237 – S242.


This study applies panel data regression model to investigate the relation between public expenditure and income inequality in China. It is found that China's public education expenditure increase rather than reduce its income inequality. This results from an unfair allocation of public education expenditure in China. When the allocation of education expenditure violates the principle of equality, advantaged social classes would manipulate public education policy for their own interest, which tends to strengthen social stratification. Thus education equality must be the dominant objective of public education.


momentum would seem to justify this present comic book mode for the purposes of further accelerating the widespread dissemination of knowledge about cluster development. Yet, I wonder if the production team has thoroughly identified in advance the most receptive target audience(s) for this comic book? Might not the graphic treatment of the clusters concept be perceived by some academic-based target groups to underestimate their intelligence? Or perhaps patronizing? Is the intellectual significance of cluster concept debased by its delivery in an "entertaining performance" rather than an "erudite expository" format? Finally, is there perhaps an unexamined cross-cultural faux pas lurking in this particular comic book production that might prove too embarrassing and inappropriate for successful mass distribution in the United States? One need only consult the popular online "Urban Dictionary" by searching "cluster" to envision an unintended comical outcome for the dissemination of this comic book in America. "Clustering" in the urban workplace at present has several incompatible emerging denotations. "Agglomerations and Your Economy" might prove to be a safer title.


The aim of the study is to examine the implementation of Alternative Assessment in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in a state primary school as proposed by the Institute of Educational Policy (IEP). Mixed research methods are employed. The quantitative data were analyzed, compared and contrasted along with qualitative data to prove that different types of Descriptive Assessment (DA) and learner portfolios have a favorable impact on Young Learners' (YL) autonomy and selfregulation. After implementing a two-month period intervention, it was found that both experimental group pupils' Relative Autonomy Index (RAI) for self-regulation and performance in the language test significantly improved in comparison to their peers in the control group. The results are discussed in relation to the pedagogical implications they have for EFL in YL.


Corresponding Author: Dr. Asharani S K, Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, B G Nagar, Nagamangala (taluk), Mandya (district) – 571448, Karnataka, India. Mobile no. 09480304208 E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Background: Plastination is a technique to preserve the dissected specimens. In luminal cast plastination technique, internal structures of specimens having lumen such as tracheobronchial tree, blood vessels and bony labyrinth are studied by filling with silicone or resin. Objective: To observe the branching pattern of tracheobronchial tree of ovisaries using luminal silicone cast plastination technique. Materials and Method: Fresh five specimens of ovisaries trachea and lung were collected from slaughter house. Silicone sealant was injected into the lumen of tracheobronchial tree by using a gun. The cast thus obtained was cleaned, dried, mounted and observed for the branching pattern. Results: Out of 5 specimens, one specimen showed the presence of an additional bronchus on right side. In other specimens, trachea bifurcates into two primary or principal bronchi and then to secondary and tertiary bronchi. Conclusion: Plastinated specimens are easy to handle compared with formalin preserved specimens. The cast obtained by this technique can be used for teaching purpose as well as can be exhibited in the museum which reveals the fine intricate structure of the organ.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of pre-treatment and post-treatment with ascorbic acid in reducing the damage caused by aging in cowpea seeds, which were aged in artificial accelerated aging chamber (45°C, 99% relative humidity in the dark) for 72 h and it were subjected to four treatments: T1 – non-aged seeds were not treated with ascorbic acid (AsA); T2 – non-aged seeds treated with AsA; T3 – seeds before aging were subjected to a treatment with AsA to 0.85 mM; T4 – seeds after aging were subjected to a treatment with a 0.85 mM AsA. The aging of seeds for 72 h (T2) caused significant damage in the cell membranes of cowpea seeds, as evidenced by a increase in electrolyte leakage, higher level of lipid peroxidation and a lower germination percentage, when compared with the control (T1). T4 results were like the control treatment, with a lower electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation, well as a higher germination percentage, when compared with T2. The exogenous application of 0.85 mM ascorbic acid in cowpea seeds after artificial aging can mitigate its detrimental effects on the membranes integrity and seed physiological quality.


The aim of the paper is to contribute to the rationalization and the optimization of the used energy, to minimize the energy consumption of the main worldwide consumer; the three-phase squirrel cage induction motors. In industry application field the transient regimes (desired and accidental) are dominant. The optimal control is used in order to obtain the optimal speed response of the vector controlled induction motor drive system. The optimal control is based on the solution of the Matrix Riccati Differential Equation (MRDE). The high performance drive systems are strong related to the accurate knowledge of the motor parameters. Therefore, a Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) is proposed. The optimal speed shape serves as reference signal to the MRAC system. In this way, the output speed of the adaptive system will track the optimal speed reference with no error, conducting indirectly to energy minimization of the entirely drive system. The proposed adaptive control mechanism will assure the robustness to the external disturbances and to the unmodeled dynamics, by tracking accurately the optimal speed reference. The obtained robust electric drive system combines the energetic performances of the optimal control with the features of the adaptive control, the solution being applicable to the industrial drive systems. The proposed solution is tested by using numerical simulations on the specific cycle of an elevator drive system.


The magnetic properties and the possible interaction mechanisms of anisotropic soft- and hard-magnetic multilayers have been investigated by altering the thickness of different kinds of spacer layers. The metal Ta and the insulating oxides MgO, Cr2O3 have been chosen as spacer layers to investigate the characteristics of the interactions between soft- and hard-magnetic layers in the anisotropic Nd-Dy-Fe-Co-B/α-Fe multilayer system. The dipolar and exchange interaction between hard and soft phases are evaluated with the help of the first order reversal curve method. The onset of the nucleation field and the magnetization reversal by domain wall movement are also evident from the first-order-reversal-curve measurements. Reversible/irreversible distributions reveal the natures of the soft- and hard-magnetic components. Incoherent switching fields are observed and the calculations show the semiquantitative contributions of hard and soft components to the system. An antiferromagnetic spacer layer will weaken t...


In the complex ecosystem where community and technology intersect, social media data is playing a key role in the transition of social media platforms from a logic of sociability to one of commerce. Implicit in this transition are the issues of surveillance and transparency, as what started out as collective, user-centred social media platforms have become profit-driven organisations required to create commercial returns for investors. This contribution investigates the political economy of social media data, looking at how social media platforms are making this shift with new methods of surveillance to monetise user-generated-content and the personal information of users. With platforms such as Google (since 2004), Facebook (since 2012) and Twitter (since 2013) listed on the stock market, they are confronted with the continuous challenge of expanding their user base while also proving they can offer value for advertisers and other third parties. In trying to appeal to both users and investors, what is at stake is transparency, as users and other stakeholders are not made aware of what information exactly is being monetised and how surveillance techniques function in. This potentially undermines a transparent, effective, and trust-inducing interdependent relationship that underlies social media practices. This contribution seeks to document and compare how the popular social media platforms Google, Facebook and Twitter present themselves to the world in the light of 'corporate surveillance'. By systematically analysing their S-1 forms we will uncover what information is disclosed about user surveillance, and how this is presented to users as well as to potential investors. Employing critical document analysis we investigate how and to what extent these platforms are transparent about their strategies of monitoring, mining and aggregating user data. Theoretically, this contribution seeks to unpack how we have moved from participatory culture to a form of 'prosumer capitalism'. The first concept celebrates user expression and civic engagement in which prosumers are actively engaging in the production and distribution of content, thus feeling (socially) connected to others. The latter notion points at how the active role of users has resulted in a new form of capitalism, i.e. prosumer capitalism. In the social media era this means that the driving force behind the content shared on these platforms is not corporations such as Google, Facebook or Twitter, but is instead the users themselves. The relevant question then is whether corporate information informs users about their role in value creation, not only the prosumption of content but also the social monitoring techniques that are built into these platforms.


We propose a theory of a steady circular hydraulic jump based on the shallow-water model obtained from the depth-averaged Navier–Stokes equations. The flow structure both upstream and downstream of the jump is determined by considering the flow over a plate of finite radius. The radius of the jump is found using the far-field conditions together with the jump conditions that include the effects of surface tension. We show that a steady circular hydraulic jump does not exist if the surface tension is above a certain critical value. The solution of the problem provides a basis for the hydrodynamic stability analysis of the hydraulic jump. An analogy between the hydraulic jump and a detonation wave is pointed out.


A key aspect of addiction treatment is community engagement, but patients have trouble engaging in new relationships and being an active part of the community. After the AntiOD project and fighting the opioid epidemic through educating people about the crisis, raising awareness and decreasing the stigma, empowering the public to take responsibility and react in the event of an overdose and improving the access to Narcan; we have learned that saving lives requires the involvement of the community. However, after surviving an overdose, a person is still likely to suffer a subsequent overdose and those who start addiction treatment face high drop outs rates. Two major points in successful treatment cases and lower relapse rates are social engagement and meaningful belonging. But the patients in treatment face difficulties engaging in new relationships, isolation, and difficulty reengaging as an active part of the community. On the other hand, communities still stigmatize people in addiction treatment, caring of patients is delegated or overlooked and there is a need for education and sensitization in the matter. There is an opportunity for devising new methods to prevent relapse. A bottom-up approach, similar to AntiOD, where communities assume responsibility on their members in treatment and take action, providing a system of care. The purpose of this paper is to describe the first stages of an exploratory research, using user-centered design to understand the need for such systems but also to present data from users to advance a new model of care of people in addiction treatment. A community-based initiative that can impact relapse rates.


Introduction: Of Cases and Contents, Douglas E. Ashford. Part 1 In Search of Time: Social Thought and Social Action - The "Dicey Problem" and the Role of Ideas in English Social Policy, Krishan Kumar Marxism and Institutional Analysis - Working-Class Strength and Welfare State Development in Sweden, Bo Rothstein The Soft State - Making Policy in a Different Context, Hans Blomkvist. Part 2 In Search of Context: Democratic Social Engineering - Karl Popper, Political Theory and Policy Analysis, James Farr Functionalism and Policy Studies, Norman Furniss Welfare Ideologies and State Policies - British Oppositions Policy Constitution Through Discourse - Discourse Transformations and the Modern State in Central Europe, Bjorn Wittrock and Peter Wagner. Part 3 In Search of Agency: Parties, Politics and Democratic Choice, Bert A. Rockman Public Policy and Public Bureaucracy, B.Guy Peters Ordaining Powers - Rediscovering the State through Policy Studies, Douglas E. Ashford The Policy Connection - Subject or Object?, Douglas E. Ashford.


The Condominium era of Sudanese history, 1899-1956, provides scholars with a unique opportunity to examine the complexities of nationalist movements. Because of prior Egyptian governance of the region, because Egypt financed and provided most of the military support in the reconquest, and because claims of restoring Egyptian control of the Sudan were useful in deflecting European criticism of British expansion in Africa, Egypt and the United Kingdom would share responsibility for administering the Sudan. However, Egyptian leaders maintained that this 'dual control' was a temporary measure masking their rightful sovereignty over the region. The following study is an examination of the Egyptian nationalist movement's aims and activities in the Sudan. During the inter-war period Egyptian nationalists claimed and sought to further develop a multitude of historic, linguistic, religious, and cultural ties with the Sudan. Strong economic ties, firmly binding Egyptian and Sudanese regions, would be the final piece in a formidable case to be laid before British or international diplomats when the sovereignty issue was addressed. Egypt's elite during the 1930s and 1940s increasingly believed that investment in the Sudan was an essential element in the nationalist cause. This article will determine which fields of investment piqued the greatest Egyptian interest, why such activities ultimately failed, and address the question of whether or not success in a specific field of investment would have furthered the general sovereignty objective of the Egyptian nationalist movement. From the moment the Condominium agreement was signed in 1899, the prospect of increased Egyptian activities, investment or otherwise, seemed dim, as it was clearly apparent that British officials actually ruled the country. British governors-general administered the Sudan under martial law in the first decades of the new regime. Egypt's limited administrative presence was drastically curtailed in the aftermath of the 1924 murder of Sudanese governor-general and Sirdar of the Egyptian army, Sir Lee Stack. Furthermore, in the inter-war period British officials in the Sudan began a policy of 'native administration' that was designed to rely on Sudanese


In electronic trading markets often only the price or volume time series, that result from interaction of multiple market participants, are directly observable. In order to test trading strategies before deploying them to real-time trading, multi-agent market environments calibrated so that the time series that result from interaction of simulated agents resemble historical are often used. To ensure adequate testing, one must test trading strategies in a variety of market scenarios -- which includes both scenarios that represent ordinary market days as well as stressed markets (most recently observed due to the beginning of COVID pandemic). In this paper, we address the problem of multi-agent simulator parameter calibration to allow simulator capture characteristics of different market regimes. We propose a novel two-step method to train a discriminator that is able to distinguish between"real"and"fake"price and volume time series as a part of GAN with self-attention, and then utilize it within an optimization framework to tune parameters of a simulator model with known agent archetypes to represent a market scenario. We conclude with experimental results that demonstrate effectiveness of our method.


The adsorption of heavy metals by various types of activated carbon originated from natural wastes is an effective, low-cost and innovative method for their removal from aquatic environments. This study aims to determine the applicability of adsorption isotherms models during the adsorbent activity of orange peel activated carbon for removal of Pb, Ni, Cr and Cd ions. The specific surface area, micropore area, and the effects of pH value, soaking time and dosage of orange peel activated carbon were investigated in this study. The optimum pH values for adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of heavy metal ions were 5 – 6. The optimum soaking time was 120 min for Pb, 210 min for Ni and Cr and 240 min for Cd. The optimum adsorbent dosage for removal of the studied was 2 gm. The isotherm equilibrium studies confirmed that both Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms well fitted models and revealed that adsorption of metals ions is one layer adsorption and confirmed highly efficient orange peel activated carbon in the removal of heavy metals. The environmentally friendly origin of orange peel indicates that could use in many broad-scale, low cost-effective and alternative applications.


The world economy outlook Yet again we have to report some further worsening of the international economic environment compared with our view three months ago. In the United States and Japan in particular recessionary conditions are proving to be more marked and more prolonged than we had expected, and there now seems little chance of any growth of output in the OECD area either in the second half of this year or in the year as a whole. Next year, on the perhaps optimistic assumptions of an official recycling mechanism for petro-dollars and of some moderate reflation, particularly in West Germany and the United States, we put the rise in output at 2 per cent. Despite rising unemployment, wage costs per unit of output continue to increase rapidly and so do


The project that will be develope is Sistem Pemilihan Peserta Rancangan Orang Asli Berasaskan Sistem Bantuan Keputusan or Sistem-ROA.Main objective for this project are to expose and apply the basic of Decision Support System (DSS) which is one the type of Information System (IS). Sistem-ROA will be use by Jabatan Hal Ehwal Orang Asli (JHEOA) Johor as research organization to choose the best participants of Orang Asli to be part in Rancangan Orang Asli Project (ROA). Sistem-ROA also will be implement SMART DSS Model to construct the best result and this can show how well SMART can be use to solve the problem faces by JHEOA in choosing best participant for ROA progammes. Beside that, choosing the right project development methodology is very important to make sure the project will be finish on time and fullfill all the users requirements.Due to that Prototyping Model will be use as guider the Sistem-ROA project development process. Last but not least, hopefully the process of choosing the participants for ROA will going to be more easy and efficient by using the Sistem-ROA.


This paper examines a puzzling series of sound changes: Old English Breaking and Anglian Smoothing. Past segmental or representational approaches to these sound changes do not explain why opposite sound changes such as breaking and smoothing tend to recur in the environment of consonants /x, r, l/ in the history of English. It is argued that the solution to this problem lies in the proper phonetic understanding of the particular sequence `V + /x, r, l/`, whose gestural configuration involves two consecutive vowel gestures within a rhyme. It is also argued that OE Breaking and Anglian Smoothing are opposite results of an oscillation between different ways of parsing the ambiguous raw phonetic substance of the sequence `V + /x, r, l/.` This paper also presents a natural account of both processes with a combination of the enriched theory of representation reflecting temporal relations of the complex segments and the Obligatory Contour Principle.


Presented at RepliCHI2013. Copyright c ©2013 for the individual papers by the papers authors. Copying permitted only for private and academic purposes. This volume is published and copyrighted by its editors. Introduction We report on two of our own studies, each of which has built on a laboratory based finding and explored if and how the effects played out in everyday settings. In each, we found effects that in some ways validated the prior lab studies, but each also pointed to very different implications for HCI than those which were suggested by the initial lab work. By lab-based work we mean here empirical studies that are tightly controlled and aim to uncover causal relationships.


Mixing performance of optical micro rotors with 3, 4 and 5 paddles has been studied by computational simulations. First, the relation between laser power and optical torque acting on the rotors is analyzed. Second, fluid torque which consists of pressure and sheer stress acting on the rotors, and mixing rate of two kinds of fluids are calculated by solving the three dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. It is found that the optical torque caused by a laser beam is proportional to laser power and paddle number, that the fluid torque is proportional to the rotation speed of the rotor and increases with the paddle number, and that 3-paddle rotor shows the best mixing performance for fixed laser power among these three rotors.


The comprehensive optimized method of the bolt support for mine seam gateway is a systematic dynamic design method of the bolt support parameter design.The paper in detail introduced the guidance ideal and construction process.Taking the support of the II 6510 gateway in Liuqiao No.1 Mien as the research object,the scientificalness of the construction method was approved.The late production showed that the design ideal and the design parameters had a good guidance to the bolt support in No.4 and No.6 seam gateways in Liuqiao No.1 Mine with obvious economic benefits.


Objective: The objectives of this study were to examine if topics related to spirituality were being addressed in the curricula of athletic training education programs (ATEPs) and to investigate whether program directors (PDs) believed this to be a topic worthy of inclusion in ATEP experiences. Design and Setting: A descriptive mixed method study using a web-based survey. Subjects: The sample consisted of 291 PDs from accredited undergraduate ATEPs in the United States. Measurements: The items measured included participants' institutional affiliation, years of experience and educational background, perceptions on the propriety of including spiritual topics in ATEP curricula, and general awareness of the literature surrounding spirituality and health. Results: One hundred ten (79.7%) colleges/universities offered a course in spirituality outside the ATEP curriculum, but only 5 (3.6%) colleges/universities currently offered a course in the ATEP curriculum in which spirituality was the main focus. W e found that 89% of PDs believed there was a connection between spirituality and health/healing. Also, 69% agreed that spirituality should be addressed in a variety of ways within ATEPs. Forty seven percent agreed that it was appropriate to address spirituality with patients. Fourteen percent also reported that spirituality should be incorporated in the athletic training competencies and proficiencies. Conclusions: These data suggest that the majority of PDs believe there is a connection between spirituality and health/healing, and that spirituality should be addressed in a variety of ways in ATEPs.


This study aimed to assess the properties of MCQs using various courses in a novel holistic approach employing quantitative-comparative design. The data were collected from two university campuses in Saudi Arabia offering a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) program between 2018 and 2020. The multiple-choice questions on 'item difficulty' (34.36 ± 17.42), 'item discrimination' (0.32 ± 0.20), and 'option affinity' (0.32 ± 0.16) were reasonably good. The 'lexical density' was "Very Complex" (85.08 ± 13.37) with the Basic Adult Care Nursing final examination (91.54 ± 9.42). The 'readability index' was low (7.65 ± 3.08) in the Fundamentals of Nursing I Theory final examination (6.18 ± 3.13), but "High" in information entropy (4.23 ± 0.10) with the Fundamentals of Nursing I Theory examination (4.25 ± 0.11). Statistical differences (<.001) were noted in option affinity,' 'lexical density,' and 'readability index. Further, the multilayer perceptron (MLP) prediction model shows 'lexical density' (100%) as the most important. Findings indicate the need for quality assurance measures in the form of faculty training.


The paper is devoted to the problems of magnetic circuits with permanent magnets for generating strong homogeneous magnetic fields. An appropriate mathematical model is expressed by a system of nonlinear partial differential equations of the second order for vector potential A(x, y). The model is solved by the finite element method using the professional Quick Field program. An illustrative example allows demonstrating basic properties of topological structures of magnetic circuits with permanent magnets, including the possibilities for the next improvement.


This longitudinal investigation examined the linguistic influences on the emergence of written word decoding in a group of typically developing first-grade children. Sixty children were administere...


In this paper we revisit the idea of asynchronism as a means to improve the resistance of hardware implementations of cryptographic algorithms. Here we are focusing on GALS designs. We use such a GALS implementation based on our synchronous design realized by colleagues for fine grained investigations. Our key finding is that a straight forward mapping of blocks of a synchronous design into GALS islands is not improving the designs resistance against SCA. This is due to the fact that the vulnerabilities of the initial design survive the transformation into the GALS design and make it vulnerable as well.


OBJECTIVE To analyze the drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates.METHODS Bacteria were got from specimens of patients and identified with ATB and the commonly used antibiotic were tested by K-B method.RESULTS There were 655 ABA strains isolated(without duplicate strain) during from 2006 to 2008,ie,139 in 2006,174 in 2007,and 342 in 2008.The sensitivity test result indicated that except imipenem and cefoperazone/sulbactam the drug-resistance rate of other antibiotics was higher than 50.0%.And pan-resistant bacteria were 61.8%.CONCLUSIONS The drug resistance of ABA rate is high.We should execute the aseptic operation strictly,strengthen the drug sensitivity examination,advocate the reasonable use of antibiotics,and prevent the outbreak.


I. ABSTRACT Space law is a complex mixture of international and domestic laws that govern a wide spectrum of activities. Such activities can range from the exotic, like creating the institutional framework for an international lunar mining consortium, to the more routine, like drafting telecommunications agreements. The fields of law these activities can involve include administrative law, intellectual property law, arms control law, insurance law, environmental law, criminal law, and commercial law, as well as international treaties and domestic legislation written specifically for space. This paper outlines the origin and scope of space law and addresses the emerging challenges that this body of law faces in the 21st Century.


At Tenghualuo Site in Liangyungang, during the fourth excavation, a good- sized red fired clod deposit, a kind of artiodactyl's foot print and rice culture relic have been found firstly, all of these provide new data to the study of agriculture of ancient people in the Huanghe River and Huaihe River area in Beixin culture period.


© 2008 lisa trubitt and mur muchane Colleges and universities have become increasingly dependent on technology to accomplish nearly every aspect of their work. The range of systems and services supported by IT staff enrich teaching, learning, research, and administration. As the systems and applications campuses rely upon grow in number and complexity, IT leaders increasingly face the challenge of communicating about technology in concise, understandable terms. How information is communicated to the campus is an important part of an IT organization's image. When this is In Plain English, Please: Effective IT Communications


Eucaryotic expession systems have more advantages than procaryotic expession systems. This paper deals with the recent research progress of the Pichia pastoris host culture, expession vectors, the expression of foreign protein genes, the optimization of the Pichia pastoris expression system, the transformation of filamentous fungi, CBH expression system and rDNA integration sequences.


Programmed cell death (PCD) is a hot research topic recently, since it has significance in plant development and it correlates with adaptation of plant to environment stress as well. Research progress for the process of PCD was summarized and role of PCD in plant adaptation to environmental stress was discussed. Research prospective was also put forward in this paper.


Abstract Nanomaterials play an important role in the area of sensor technology. In fact the sensitivity and the signal‐to‐noise ratio of many chemical sensors are significantly improved using nanomaterials. They have allowed the introduction of many strategies in sensors and biosensor technology. Recently, catalytic nanomotors were used for drug delivery, showing an oriented motion into the cells when they are assembled using magnetic nanowires. In this review, detailed bibliographic references are presented concerning the assembling of nanomaterial‐based sensors, and a brief discussion about the potential health risk of nanoparticles will be also presented.


In order to grasp the corrosion failure characteristics of silicone rubber in an acidic environment, an artificial mist box was used to artificially simulate the corrosion conditions acting on the silicone rubber, and the changes in its surface characteristics were analyzed. The research results show that under the combined action of acid mist and electric field, the physical and chemical properties of composite insulators have declined. There are holes and cracks on the surface, and the hardness increases with the corrosion time. Before flashover, if there is no obvious discharge in the withstand voltage process, the contact angle, relative dielectric constant and absorption peak area change little with the increase of corrosion time. The analysis shows that the damage rate of large-area corrosion of silicone rubber is very slow. Acidic substances will cause the main chain and side chains of the silicone rubber to break, and the aluminum hydroxide in the silicone rubber also reacts with strong acids, resulting in the destruction of the structure of the silicone rubber. The physical and chemical properties are reduced.


Aims To describe the prevalence of significant liver fibrosis by ultrasound-based vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE; FibroScan®) and to identify the determinants of significant liver fibrosis in Thai chronic hepatitis B patients. Methods A cross-sectional study of consecutive chronic hepatitis B patients performed VCTE and followed up at Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, was conducted between 1 January, 2013, and 31 December, 2016. Liver fibrosis was defined as minimal (METAVIR F0-1) by VCTE < 7.2 kPa and significant (METAVIR F2-4) by VCTE ≥ 7.2 kPa. VCTE assessments and medical records were retrospectively reviewed. The prevalence and determinants of significant liver fibrosis were analyzed. Results A total of 206 eligible patients were included; 120 patients (58.3%) were female. The mean age was 50 years (SD 12.4 years), and 32.5% had a body mass index ≥ 25. The prevalences of minimal (F 0-1) and significant fibrosis (F2-4) were 74.3% and 25.7%, respectively. The prevalence of hepatitis B e antigen negative (HBeAg -ve) was 83%. The median serum hepatitis B virus viral load was 4,340 IU/mL (range 20-271,883,036). Significant determinants of significant fibrosis (F2-4) were male gender (aOR 3.24 [95%CI: 1.36-7.72]) and high aspartate transaminase (AST) level (aOR 5.71 [95%CI: 2.03-16.04]). Conclusion Around one-quarter of the Thai patients with chronic viral hepatitis B had significant liver disease defined by VCTE, requiring further evaluation for specific treatment for hepatitis B virus. Determinants of significant liver fibrosis were male gender and high AST level.


Practical utilization of energy densities near the theoretical limit for R3m layered oxide positive electrode materials is dependent on the stability of the electrochemical performance of these materials at or near full delithiation. To develop new chemistries and novel approaches toward the improvement of the electrochemical performance of these materials at such high states of charge, a robust understanding of the failure mechanisms limiting current materials is necessary. Thorough analysis of LixCo1–yAlyO2 and LixNi1–yAlyO2 as well as LixNi0.8Co0.2O2 and LixNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (1 ≥ x ≥ 0 and 0.2 ≥ y ≥ 0) enabled the identification of key relationships between the transition metal chemistry of the electrode, its structural stability, and cycling characteristics at or near complete delithiation (4.75 V). Extensive characterization of these materials was achieved by a multitude of physical and electrochemical techniques to investigate the relative importance of surface vs bulk phenomena. The resulting in...


The COR-TEN weathering steel is increasingly treated with rust stabilizers for use in maintenance-free structures. The effect of the rust stabilizer coating and the chemical structure of the stabilized rust film formed after atmospheric exposure are described


# Background

The epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus is growing at large globally, more so in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC) like India, who concurrently battles the burden of infectious diseases. In such a health setting, people with diabetes (PWD) often receive sub-optimal care due to lack of understanding, physician-patient time, social support, and financial resources. Thus, there is a need for innovative, feasible, targeted interventions that strengthen health system to reduce the impact of diabetes in the rural communities in India. We hypothesised that structured interventions delivered by trained community health workers (CHWs) would improve outcomes in PWD and sought to demonstrate non-inferiority compared to standard care.

# Methods

A phase II, non-randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted in a rural block in Tamil Nadu, India. Two sub-center areas (cluster) each were allocated to the control and intervention arms, with 50 participants in each cluster. The control group received standard care routinely provided and the intervention group received interventions namely – CHW delivered, Engage communities, Screen, Examine, Refer and Follow up with the aid of 'education tools' and a 'tablet based SmartHealth Application for follow-up'. Non-inferiority of the intervention in terms of early case detection, reduction in number of unnecessary physician consultations and glycaemic control was demonstrated using generalized estimating equation (GEE) for repeated measures with exchangeable correlation structure, adjusting for age, duration of diabetes and family history of diabetes.

# Results

Baseline characteristics of both groups were comparable. CHWs were successfully able to Engage, Screen, Examine, Refer and Follow-up patients in the community. The multipronged interventions delivered by CHWs were demonstrated to be non-inferior to standard care, with significant difference in case detection rate (P=0.003), early recognition of complications, reduction in unnecessary physician consultations (P=0.041) and better glycaemic control (P=0.036).

# Conclusions

The study has shown promising results in the limited sample size and a small geographic area and has been able to show that the task shifting to frontline community health workers for diabetes care works in this rural population. We recommend a scale up of the intervention by conducting a multicentric randomized controlled trial including cost-effectiveness analysis and taking into account stakeholders' opinions regarding this model of diabetes care.


We investigate nonplanar operators in the open-bosonic-string theory by means of the covariant operator formalism based on the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) formulation. The detailed evaluations of two nonplanar primitive operators, that is, nonplanar self-energy and nonplanar two-loop tadpole, are presented. At the one-loop level, we show that the ghost contribution yields a right measure factor to the physical amplitude. For the nonplanar two-loop tadpole operator, we discuss the factorization of the nonplanar self-energy. In order to avoid multiple countings, the integration regions are suitably restricted by investigating the duality of the 5-Reggeon vertex and the periodicity of the nonplanar self-energy operator. We also argue that only one singularity associated with the nonplanar self-energy part occurs in the nonplanar two-loop tadpole.


[HSO3-pmim]HSO4 acid ionic liquid is prepared as catalyst to synthesize benzyl butyrate.The catalyst activity and the different reaction condition influencing the esterification are discussed.The results show that the ionic liquid is good acetate of the reaction.The optimized condition are as follows: [HSO3-pmim]HSO4 is 5mL;the mole ratio of alcohol to acid is 1.5∶1.0;the reaction time is 2.5h and the esterification yield is 96.4%.The ionic liquid is suitable for repetition use.


Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) not only jeopardized the health condition of humankind but also bruised the economy. Researchers found several dominant and predominant strains of the coronavirus and variants, in which B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1 being the most prevalent. In all the variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, modifications occur in the spike protein deciphering variants that differ based on characteristics and properties such as the extent of virulence, severity of the disease, or probability of reinfection. The development of a vaccine against the pandemic causing COVID-19 is considered a major milestone in the history of vaccines due to the speed at which the vaccine was made. The vaccine against COVID-19 vaccines are classified under nucleic acid vaccines, protein-based vaccines, viral vector vaccines, and whole virus vaccines. At present, there are 22 vaccines approved under the category of emergency use authorization. COVID-19 prevention has been the main principle behind early vaccine availability, although none of the approved vaccine candidates have completed large scale clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy. This review presents a brief idea on types of COVID-19 vaccines, approved vaccines, and vaccine candidates under development.


54-YEAR-OLD MAN WITH A HISTORY OF 3 cervical spine fusion procedures presented with postoperative dysphagia. Although he stated that he had experiencedsomemilddifficultyinswallowing solidsovertheprevious5months,hisdysphagiahadsignificantly worsened 1 week after his most recent spinal fusion procedure. Physical examination of his fixed and rigid neck showed well-healed midline posterior and left anterior scars. Fiberoptic laryngeal examination showed onlymoderateposteriorglotticedema,whichwasthought to be the result of intubation trauma. The findings of his physical examination were otherwise unremarkable. Theinitialradiographicstudywasabariumesophagram that did not indicate obstructive or functional abnormalities of the esophagus. Because the esophagram was nondiagnostic, a contrast-enhanced computed tomographic scan of the neck and chest was obtained (Figure 1and Figure 2[M indicates mass]). A 46-cm mass was identified in the lower part of the right side the neck, extending into the right side of the posterior mediastinum, so a combined procedure by the otolaryngology–head and neck surgery service and the thoracic surgery service was planned. Excision of the mass was performedthrougharightsupraclavicularincision,withoutasternotomy.Aftertherightrecurrentlaryngealnerve was identified, the mass was mobilized by blunt dissection along the spine into the posterior mediastinum and was then delivered into the neck and excised. The microscopichematoxylin-eosin–stainedsectionisshownin Figure 3. What is your diagnosis?


The combined benefits of a high crude protein concentration, and possible protein protection and growth-promoting properties, make forage legumes potentially attractive as a natural means of increasing liveweight gain and time to slaughter of lambs in lamb finishing systems. An experiment was conducted to compare the production performance and meat quality of grazing lambs finished on red clover (Trifolium pratense), lucerne (Medicago sativa) or perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) swards. Replicate (n = 2) swards of red clover, lucerne and perennial ryegrass were rotationally grazed by ten ram lambs and ten ewe lambs from weaning until selection for slaughter at UK fat class 3L. Lambs grazing the red clover sward had a significantly higher liveweight gain and required significantly fewer days to slaughter than lambs grazing the lucerne sward (305 g d−1 vs. 243 g d−1; 38 d vs. 50 d), which in turn had a higher liveweight gain and required fewer days to slaughter than lambs grazing the perennial ryegrass sward (184 g d−1; 66 d). Lambs grazing the red clover and lucerne swards had significantly higher herbage intakes than those grazing the perennial ryegrass sward (2·06, 1·72 and 1·16 kg DM d−1 respectively), but in vivo digestibility of herbage was similar. Lambs grazing the red clover and lucerne swards also had significantly higher serum urea concentrations than those grazing ryegrass (12·5, 11·1 and 6·2 mmol L−1 respectively). Killing-out percentage was significantly higher for lambs grazing the red clover sward than for lambs grazing the perennial ryegrass sward (48% vs. 46%). There were no significant effects of finishing system on meat flavour, but meat from lambs finished on the lucerne sward was oxidatively less stable than that from lambs finished on the perennial ryegrass sward. Grazing the forage legume swards significantly increased the proportion of linoleic and linolenic acid in muscle tissue, and therefore the proportion of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids (0·19, 0·16 and 0·12 for the red clover, lucerne and perennial ryegrass swards respectively). However, the n−6/n−3 ratio was significantly lower for the muscle of lambs grazing the perennial ryegrass sward compared with those grazing the forage legume swards (1·13, 1·08 and 0·98 for the red clover, lucerne and perennial ryegrass swards respectively). The results indicate that by grazing lambs on forage legume swards it is possible to increase individual lamb performance without compromising meat quality.


A bulk amorphous selenium (a-Se) was made by quenching the liquid Se into water. Bulk nanocrystalline selenium (nc-Se) samples with hexagonal structure and grain sizes ranging from 6 nm to 45 nm were obtained by crystallizing the as-quenched amorphous selenium. X-ray diffraction and DSC analyses show that the transition from a-Se to nc-Se is a one-step crystal lization process, the activation energy of which is 54-60 kJ/mol, It was confirmed that the topological short-range order of the a-Se is similar to hexagonal selenium and resembles random-coil structure of polymeric organic glasses. It is deduced from the dependence of grain sizes on the lattice orientations that the growth rate along c-axis is higher than that along a-axis. The low activation energy and high growth rate along c-axis in the transition pro-cess from the a-Se to the nc-Se can be explained with the crystallization microme-chanism of chains folding or stretching to adiacent grains at the grain boundaries.


In order to elucidate the pyrolysis process, in which droplets of cerium nitrate solution are altered upon denigration into cerium dioxide particles, the effects of the temperature of the surrounding air, and the initial cerium concentration and normality, upon the droplet temperature, shape, composition, internal and external shape of produced particle and rate of reaction were examined. The pyrolysis process of the cerium nitrate droplet was categorized into four phases : evaporation, foaming, formation of the solid phase and pyrolysis. Correspondence between the time series of the droplet temperature, shape and composition was well recognized. Therefore, it might be possible to understand the dynamics of the pyrolysis process through measurement of the droplet temperature. Furthermore, with increase of the initial cerium concentration, the heating rate of droplet temperature showed sharp, the foaming period and the formation solid-phase period became shorter, and the produced particle was composed mostly of cerium dioxide when the air temperature was above about 600K, resulting in well-crystallized particles. Under about the air temperature, the reactions were moderate, the reaction rate was low and the particle composition included water and nitrate.


The aim of this study was to know the difficulties faced by students in answering the TOEFL listening test at the English Department of the University of Serambi Mekkah, Banda Aceh The research design used in this study was a descriptive quantitative study. The participants of this study were 25 students who have taken the TOEFL preparation course. In collecting the data, the author distributed a questionnaire, and all the obtained data were analyzed using the percentage formula. The result of the study showed that the student's difficulties in answering the TOEFL, especially in the listening section are mainly caused by four factors as follows: (1) conversational implicature factor, (2) idiomatic expression factor, (3) lack of vocabulary factor, and (4) lack of practice factor. The most important factor was the first factor or conversational implicatures, which is 76%. Based on the conclusions above, the writer offers some recommendations with regard to the results of the study. Since the implicature factors seem one of the difficult factors for the students in answering the listening section of TOEFL thus the lecturers should encourage students to pay more attention to implicature factors.


Hyperspectral sensors, working in the Visible-Near Infrared and Short Wave Infrared (VNIR-SWIR) regions, are widely employed for geological applications since they can discriminate many inorganic (e.g. mineral phases) and organic compounds (i.e. vegetations and soils) [1]. Their advantage is to work in the portion of the solar spectrum used for remote sensors. Some examples of application of the hyperspectral sensors to the conservation of cultural heritage are also known. These applications concern the detection of gypsum on historical buildings [2], and the monitoring of organic protective materials on stone surfaces [3]. On the contrary, hyperspectral radiometry has not been employed on painted surfaces. Indeed, the characterization of these surfaces is mainly performed with sophisticated, micro-destractive and time-consuming laboratory analyses (i.e. SEM-EDS, FTIR and, GC-MS spectroscopy) or through portable and non-invasive instruments (mid FTIR, micro Raman, XRF, FORS) which work in different spectral ranges [4,5]. In this work the discrimination of many organic and inorganic components from paintings was investigated through a hyperspectral spectroradiometer ,which works in the 350-2500 nm region. The reflectance spectra were collected by the contact reflectance probe, equipped with an internal light source with fixed geometry of illumination and shot. Several standards samples, selected among the most common materials of paintings, were prepared and analysed in order to collect reference spectra. The standards were prepared with powders of 7 pure pigments, films of 5 varnishes (natural and synthetic), and films of 3 dried binding media. Monochromatic painted surfaces have also been prepared and investigated to verify the identification of different compounds on the surface. The results show that the discrimination of pure products is possible in the VNIR-SWIR region, except for compounds with similar composition (e.g. natural resins such as dammar and mastic). The reflectance spectra of painted surfaces, as supposed, are more complex than the spectra of pure materials, but the identification of single components is possible if the superficial layer of varnish was thin enough to allow the "penetration" of the irradiation light until the pictorial layer. Finally, the hyperspectral technique, owe to the fast spectra collection (10 spectra/second) and the friendly use of the instrument, has been proved to be a successful method for the evaluation of cleaning treatments, because of the possibility to monitor the partial or total elimination of varnish.


Research has shown that consumers have a preference for goods based on the origin of production. This is important because it suggests that, in some cases, even lowering trade barriers may not significantly increase trade flows. In particular, flows may be lower than are predicted by trade theories such as Heckscher-Ohlin. Despite evidence that home consumption bias exists in many countries, it is only recently that research has begun to examine the sources of this bias. This article fills a gap in the literature by testing a model that addresses the source of this consumption bias. The paper's model incorporates consumers' exposure to foreign products and culture through media imports and tourist visits as factors affecting consumers' preferences for foreign products. Using panel data from 19 countries, the article's results support the hypothesis that lagged exports of U.S. movies have a positive impact on other U.S. exports. Some evidence is also found of a positive effect of tourist visits on U.S. exports. Since U.S. media exports may generate demand for other U.S. goods and services, opening up foreign media markets should receive a higher priority in U.S. trade negotiations. Another interesting implication of the paper is that overall U.S. export losses resulting from media piracy may be lower than previously calculated, as the consumption of pirated media products may increase demand for other U.S. exports.


is the art of hiding the fact that communication is taking place, by hiding information in other information. Many different carrier file formats can be used, but digital images are the most popular because of their frequency on the Internet. There have been many steganographic techniques available for hiding message in image having its own strength and weaknesses. Steganography can be carried out on any digital media. The chosen media for this system are GIF images. It is chosen due to wide use in web pages. In this paper we look at all the available image based steganography along with the cryptography technique to achieve security. This paper will focus on hiding the message in the least significant bits of the colors of the pixels of a GIF image. We discuss results obtained from evaluating available steganographic techniques and compare the different methods according to the vulnerability. In this paper we also discuss some application of steganography in network security


Logistics centers make important and direct contributions on matters such as reducing logistics costs, shortening transportation and transfer times, preventing traffic accidents by regulating urban and intercity traffic density on the roads, decreasing the negative effects of road transport on the environment and carbon emissions, creating a synergy by strengthening the supply chain across individuals and organizations in this sector where better quality service is provided, and increasing added value. On the other hand, within the context of public relations, SWOT analysis should be done for determining the potential situation in order to obtain data that will guide the establishment of the plans and practices to be followed for presenting a new service or organization to the targetaudience.In this regard, this study explores the current position of Rize province through SWOT analysis in order to determine its potential to become a logistics center. In this context, the strengths,weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of Rize for being a logistics junction and base zone of the Black Sea are revealed. The study finds that the Rize logistics center will have a strategic location in the Caucasus Corridor opening to Europe and Central Asia and will create a significant advantage in the southern and northern freight movements and especially in Iran's freight in transit. Furthermore, the study offers suggestions to make physical and institutional infrastructure improvements for the logistics center in Rize, to establish the necessary technological infrastructure systems, and to increase the university- private sector cooperation.


The process of self-purification of soil contaminated with oil at different times (1971-2003 gg.). All samples contain high levels of hydrocarbons and organic compounds associated with lots of resin-asphaltene substances. Found that in the oil-contaminated samples, prescription pollution has no significant effect on the residual petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil. It was found that oil contamination of soil with excessive moisture loss to the processes of self-purification. Violation of water and air regime interferes with the normal functioning of the soil microbiota and, as a consequence, the natural biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Therefore, in case of failure of the three landmark bioremediation, you must make at least loosening topsoil to improve the water-air and thermal regimes.


Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of dengue fever and control results in Shantou City in 2006 for formulating integrated control measures. Methods Data concerning monitoring of dengue fever, laboratory results and management of infections in 2006 were analyzed. Results There were 177 confirmed dengue cases with the incidence of 18.72/100 000. The prevalance of dengue fever lasted 53 days in 8 townships and a district. The symptoms of most cases were light. Three strains of dengue virus belonged to Dengue I virus were isolated. The cases were sporadically distributed. The main causes leading to the prevalent were high density of vectors, delay idenfication of sources of infection. The principal measures adopted were widely activie detection of infections and clearance of vector breeding sites. Conclusion This prevalence of dengue fever in Shantou City is due to infection of Dengue I virus. The integrated measures are effective in the control of the prevalence of dengue fever in Shantou City.


Indian is highly stratified, multi-layered and multi cultural. On the social plane, we have…a society based on principles of graded inequality which means elevation for some and degradation for others. On the economic plane, we have a society in which there are some who have immense wealth as against many who live in abject poverty. Despite being a highly stratified society characterized by caste system, the objective of the paper is threefold- to examine the caste sysyem in India, to trace out the historical roots of untouchability and finally to discuss and analyse Ambedkar's perspective of of Hindu social system and his notion of social justice. Paper argues that Caste, as a system has continued to reproduce itself through endogamy. Those who strive for the democratic transformational of Indian society, irrespective of political ideology, have to fight against the prevalent caste. Ambedkar has always been for establishment a society based on the principles of liberty, equality and fraternity.


Abstract This research aims to investigate the opinions of classroom teachers on the significance level of values in Life Sciences Course Curriculum (LSCC) and the effect level of LSSC in acquisition of these values. Survey model was used with 305 classroom teachers who work in Bingol province, Turkey. To collect data, an instrument consisting of two chapters, which was developed by the researcher, was used. The first chapter includes personal information about participants and the second one includes items towards determining the significance of values and the efficiency of LSSC in values education. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. It was found that teachers believe that values are "extremely significant" and the "love" is the most significant value; LSSC is "very effective" in the acquisition of values. It is hoped that this paper will be useful for teachers, curriculum development specialists and decision makers in education system.


Thinking method of designers goes through the whole process.We should pay attention to the design performance of the interactive design thinking that emphasizes design thinking to the design results generated step by step,the diversity of images shown reflected in the design process.


We report our experience of 4 successful pregnancies (including a pair of twins) in 3 women who have essential thrombocythemia (ET). All of the patients had a significant fall in platelet count (>20% of non‐pregnant state) during the course of the pregnancy. A review of the literature and our own experience suggests that the degree of platelet count reduction may be correlated with pregnancy outcome. Close monitoring of the platelet count is useful in the management of these cases. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


CW fiber laser cascades in an Er3+-doped fluo- rozirconate fiber operating simultaneously at 2.7 pm/1.55 Irm or at 3.45 (im/2.7 pm/1.55 pn pumped around 650 nm are reported. Output powers of nearly 20 mW at 1.55 pn and 1.2 mW around 2.7 Ltm were obtained with a nonoptimized experimental setup for the 2.7 pm/1.55 ftm cascade. At 1.55 pm a laser efficiency of 5% was achieved. By varying the parameters of the experimental setup, additional effective simultaneous laser action at 3.45 pn was demonstrated.


In an earlier paper^ we reviewed the circumstances attending publication of Hall's "Illustrations of Devonian Fossils" and its separate brochure on corals. We assigned both publications to the year 1876, partly because of the date on title pages, and partly because a letter from Rominger, which was found in Hall's personal copy of the coral brochure, indicated that its plates were published before Rominger's paper on fossil corals. That letter, dated by month and day but not year, was handed to the late Dr. Stuart Weller for preservation in the University of Chicago Library, but cannot now be found. At Dr. Stanley Smith's request. Dr. Rudolf Ruedemann has investigated the date of Hall's "Illustrations." He finds that manuscript for its plate legends was not received until December 21, 1876, indicating that the book itself did not appear before 1877. Dates in our paper should be changed accordingly. The date . on which Rominger's work actually was published still is undetermined. Our first paper on corals of Hall's "Illustrations" described the tabulates. This study is devoted to the rugose genus, Heliophyllum and to Cystimorphs currently termed Cystiphyllum, of which Hall figured several new species and subspecies, as well as others described before 1877. We have added a few forms which are associated with and are closely related to the species of Heliophyllum mentioned by Hall. The form of description agrees with that of our paper on tabulates, making this paper a text to Hall's plates. Illustrations have been


Maritime helicopters are routinely deployed with modern combat ships. The recovery and launch of helicopters to and from ships at sea is regarded as one of the most demanding and dangerous environments in which a pilot may operate [1]. The ship's motion, combined with the air flow moving over and around the ship's superstructure, known as the ship's airwake, contribute to overall pilot workload [2]. To ensure the safety of pilots and crew operating within the Helicopter Ship Dynamic Interface (HSDI), a series of launch and recovery tests are completed with the ship and helicopter at-sea for winds of different strength and direction to determine the Ship-Helicopter Operating Limits (SHOL). An example of a SHOL is shown in Figure 1 indicating the boundary outside of which the combination of wind over deck conditions (magnitude and direction) make it unsafe for the helicopter to land. Through the use of Modelling and Simulation (M&S), at-sea conditions can be recreated for a given ship and used for analysis of both the air flow in which the aircraft is operating, and for real-time piloted flight in a simulated environment [3]. This paper presents the development of individual elements required for flight simulation within the HSDI and the in-house tools developed to inspect the air flow prior to SHOL testing at-sea.


A multidimensional iterative model for the control analysis of two cooperating robots is proposed. The manipulation of a rigid object with elastic restraint between the object and the end effectors using the proposed model is investigated. The scheme is based on an iterative structure which utilizes available data from the previous operation for a specified trajectory and applied forces to the object. It is shown that the convergence of the actual trajectory to the desired one is guaranteed upon proper selction of a weighted control matrix.


J.A. Hartigan has pointed out some errors in this article. On p. 835, in the statement of Theorem 1, T-1 &2(m) a2l should be T* {22(m) a21. There is an error in the proof on p. 836. To remedy this, everywhere on that page where L ?Tj occurs this should be replaced by E, ZTj, and on p. 837 where l; ~Tj occurs that should be replaced by l; ZTj. The top of the right side of p. 836, near the end of Section 2, should read as follows:


Dizziness is a fairly common ailment the symptoms of which range from slight occasional discomfort to complete debilitation due to nausea and vomiting, and deterioration of the affected patients' activities of daily living (ADL). Dizziness may be a manifestation of several different etiologies, therefore a careful process to reach a definitive diagnosis is required. Treatment differs according to the etiology but is seldom surgical and mostly pharmacological. For the patients with only slight, occasional spells, careful follow-up with no treatment may be prescribed, whereas others may receive high doses of oral and/or local steroids. Presently, no reports have appeared in the literature describing the application of low reactive-level laser therapy (LLLT) in alleviating symptoms of dizziness. The authors present the case report of a patient in whom LLLT was extremely effective in alleviating vertigo, where the symptoms were so severe as to cause nausea and vomiting, and preventing the patient from walking. The authors also retrospectively report on a further 10 cases of dizziness treated wiith LLLT, and discuss the efficacy of LLLT.


Optimization of the pin in paste (PiP) printing process requires accurate and time-efficient evaluation of solder deposits for through-hole devices (THD). In an effort to identify a methodology that provides an optimized time-to-precision ratio for the evaluation of non-pinned, non-planar solder deposits this paper evaluates the state of coaxial single image X-ray evaluation of similar volumes using grayscale referencing as applied to post reflow deposits. It proposes a precise measurement approach utilizing laser scan microscopy as a reference and furthermore evaluates the significance of various influences on the accuracy and efficacy of coaxial X-ray measurements using planar material samples. The factors evaluated in this paper include the utilization of dynamic range, image distortion caused by cone-beam geometry and homogeneity of sample material for greyscale interpolation, and calculation of absorption coefficients by statistical analysis. The accuracy achieved using coaxial X-ray imaging and subsequent pixel-wise analysis of material thickness has proven difficult for geometrically complex volumes, though consideration of the proposed factors and subsequent optimization of the evaluation algorithm could potentially increase the viability of the method as a quick and flexible way of measuring complex volumes of material.


ABSTRACT Including parents of children with developmental delays in early intervention programs has been widely endorsed as best practice across the multiple disciplines that work in that context. Parents have echoed that sentiment, commenting on the benefits of being able to apply skills in broader family and community contexts. Despite a 20-plus year history of research showing the benefits of family-centred interventions, the skills required to successfully transition from therapist-lead to family-centred practice appear to have occurred through experience or chance. Systematic development of therapists' skills including through education, mentoring and reflective supervision have been promoted as being essential to facilitating the transition. This qualitative study investigated the learning experiences of 14 allied health professionals from various disciplines as they engaged in a relationally based, family-centred model, the Parent Child Relationally Informed – Early Intervention (PCRI-EI) program. Feedback indicated the systematic approach embedded in the treatment manual combined with reflective supervision built therapists' competence and confidence in working relationally. They reported being able to use these skills to develop therapeutically sound, family-centred partnerships with parents as well as to promote socioemotional connection for the parent and child. These findings are discussed in the context of the successful implementation of best-practice early intervention programmes.


The purpose of this paper is to develop a new high voltage power supply for N=2 magnetrons, 800 Watts at 2450 MHz each; using a high voltage transformer with magnetic shunts. We present a new equivalent electrical circuit of this transformer which allowed, through its integration into the global electrical diagram of the new power supply, to model the entire high voltage power supply using numerical computation software EMTP dedicated to the transitional regimes. Then, a study of the influence of each geometrical parameter of the special HV transformer with magnétic shunts will guide us studying the optimization's strategy of this high voltage power supply for industrial microwave generators. This study allows achieving an important volume gains, congestion and weight, then consequently reducing the different costs of this high voltage power supply.


The victims radiated by high-dose in a short time are often accompanied by symptoms of systemic reaction, such as systemic inflammation, nausea, slower growth and so on. X-ray exposure produce persistent difficulties in memory through an unknown mechanism. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a protein encoded by this gene is similar to insulin in function and structure and is a member of a family of proteins involved in mediating growth and development. Here, in order to study the relationship between IGF-1 expression pattern and X-ray exposure in brain of Tibet Minipigs, not castrated male Tibetan minipig were chose as animal model, and exposed to the total body X-ray radiation at 0 and 10 Gy. The expression levels of IGF-1 were quantified in brain tissues of Tibetan minipig by qRT-PCR. Protein levels of IGF-1 and related signalling pathways were determined by western blot analysis. U251 cells were used for vitro experiments. Lentiviral vector had been successfully constructed for transfecting the cell line of IGF-1 over-expression and low-expression. The cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay, and the apoptosis was evaluated by flow-cytometry. We found that the proliferation of IGF-1 overexpression cell line was higher than the control group after X-ray irradiation (P<0.05). IGF-1, a molecule implicated in suppressing apoptosis, and partially counteracted the effects of high doses of X-ray exposure on brain cell proliferation.


SUMMARY

A simple and effective technique for the large scale inoculation of field plots with ryegrass inosaic (RMV) was used in 1977 and 1979 to study the effects of RMV on the yield of Italian ryegrass cv. S 22.

In 1977, symptoms of RMV developed rapidly in inoculated plants following the first cut. At the second and third cuts necrosis was recorded in many plants, particularly in plots receiving high levels of nitrogen. At the fourth cut the incidence of symptoms was 72% in plots which received 189 kg ha-1 N during the growing season and 83.5% in the plots which received 378 kg ha-1 N. RMV infection reduced total dry matter yield by the equivalent of 3.03 t ha-1 and 3.57 t ha-1 in the low and high nitrogen plots respectively.

In 1979 in both the high (360 kg ha-1 N) and the low (120 kg ha-1 N) nitrogen plots, symptom development was slower than in 1977 and never reached either the incidence or severity in the earlier trial. The low incidence of plants with symptoms was reflected in the relatively small loss in total dry matter yield due to RMV infection recorded in the low (4.4%) and high (6.3%) nitrogen plots.

Possible reasons for these differences in symptom development and yield loss in the two trials are discussed.


Abstract The concentrations of ambient air particulates of various sizes (PM1, PM2.5, PM6.25, PM10 and PM18) were measured using a MOUDI sampler at an agricultural sampling site in central Taiwan from January to September, 2020. The concentrations of particulate-bound mercury Hg(p) that were attached to particulates of various sizes (PM1, PM2.5, PM6.25, PM10 and PM18)) were analyzed using a Direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA-80). The results revealed that the mean particulate and Hg(p) concentrations associated with PM18, PM10, PM6.25, PM2.5 and the back filter were all highest in autumn and winter. The mean mass median diameter (m.m.d.) value for ambient air particulates was highest in the summer and lowest for Hg(p). The mean m.m.d. value for ambient air Hg(p) was highest in the winter and lowest for ambient air particulates. The northeast monsoon prevails in the winter season of Taiwan. Thus, The sources of particulates and Hg(p) pollutants might came from the northeast side of Taiwan - especially in spring and winter seasons. Thus, ambient air particulate concentrations are higher in the winter than in the spring. However, ambient air particulate-bound mercury Hg(p) tended to be associated more with coarse particulates than with other particulates. Finally, Hg(p) concentrations in Taiwan have increased over the last 15 years. Reducing atmospheric Hg(p) concentrations has become an important environmental goal in all countries - especially those in Asia.


In this article, the Gabshin-year Coup, which was a very important event that marked the transformation of the very Modern period of Korea, and a person named Kim Ok-kyun who personally led that coup, are examined in order to reevaluate his actions and the meaning of this incident from an East Asian perspective, instead of a national perspective based upon the conditions of an isolated country. Since 1884 when the Coup took place, various entities from Japan, Korea and Chinese Qing dynasty have created all kinds of narratives regarding Kim Ok-kyun. The 'Asianists' in Japan portrayed Kim Ok-kyun as an extraordinary revolutionist and a tragic figure who had wonderful dreams, and they used his tragic death as a catalyst for the Sino-Japanese war. On the other hand, inside the Qing dynasty very negative narratives regarding Kim Ok-kyun floated around. As we can see from 〈Jeomseokjae Hwabo〉 which was published in Shanghai, Kim Ok-kyun was described as a very negative bad guy and a threatening official to the King. Kim Ok-kyun narratives became an important motif in political novels and romantic plays in Japan during the Meiji era. Tracing the Kim Ok-kyun narratives that appeared in Meiji literature could provide us with important connections between them and Korean modern narrative literature. After Kim Ok-kyun's honor was restored in 1894 by the Gabo Reform regime, Kim Ok-kyun was reinstated from a pro-Japanese figure and a treacherous vassal to the King, and was transformed into a modern visionary. He was also worshipped as a 'Grand Asianist' during the early 1940s, the National literature period.


ABSTRACT Podcasting has become increasingly popular as a communication medium and is emerging within educational institutions as a means for supporting student learning. However, as a learning object, what constitutes an effective podcast has yet to be fully debated. Using a mixed-method approach, the article analyzes the use of podcasting as a medium for supporting student learning within an undergraduate level one tourism module. The findings suggest that podcasting is perceived by students as an effective learning and teaching method. Further suggestions on the design and organization of podcasts and the guidance and resources required for their use are made. Implications and areas for future research are also proposed.


In this paper, a new four-antenna based structure (FAS) is introduced for capacity improvement in future cellular networks with frequency reuse factor of 1. In FAS, each cell consists of one omni-directional antenna located at the cell center and three 120-degree directional antennas located at the cell edge. In order to achieve effective system bandwidth allocation among four antennas, novel spectrum planning schemes for both downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) are proposed. Theoretical analysis and simulation demonstrate that the proposed cellular structure can significantly improve the system capacity in both DL and UL, especially at the cell edge.


T-duality invariant worldsheet string actions, recently written down by Schwarz and Sen, are coupled to the worldsheet gauge fields. It is shown that the integration of the dual coordinates gives the conventional, vector, axial and chiral, gauged string actions for the appropriate choice of the gauged isometries. Alternatively, the gauge field integration is shown to give a T-duality invariant action which matches with the corresponding results known earlier.


The Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering at Purdue University has
implemented a first round of their assessment plan for their two ABET accredited programs.
Data has been collected utilizing a variety of assessment tools including ABET-compliant course
profiles generated by the faculty and alumni, employer, and student surveys. ABE is employing
a mechanism wherein the Academic Programs Committee, comprised of faculty, staff, and
student representatives, gathers and analyzes data according to the assessment plan. Using
standards established by APC and supported by the faculty, APC highlights potential areas of
the programs that need improvement and proposes options for improvement. Proposals are
brought before the faculty for discussion, and the teaching faculty with guidance from APC leads
change.
This topic spans closing the feedback loop and engaging faculty in the accreditation process. To
a lesser extent assessment tools and quantitative and qualitative methods will be addressed.


This paper discusses the results of a study of the optical systems of two types of earth-based wide-angle telescopes intended for monitoring celestial objects. The first type is a two-mirror system with a two-lens afocal corrector that contains aspheric surfaces, installed in convergent pencils of rays between the secondary mirror and the image plane. The second type is a Cassegrain system with a prefocal meniscus corrector and a focal-length converter installed in convergent beams between the corrector and the image plane. Design parameters are given for systems with a 1-m effective aperture, a 3-m focal length, and a 2°–2.5° angular field. Their advantages and disadvantages are discussed.


Based on simulative experiments, the paper studies the change pattern with time of gas production properties of bioreactor landfill. The study is conducted by way of different operational modes, i.e. diffirent leachate recirculation rate, heating before leachate recirculation and inoculating anaerobic sludge. The simulative experiments showed that heating before leachate recirculation and inoculating anaerobic sludge can both speed up gas production, while lower leachate recirculation rate helps the bioreactor landfill reach the stage of methane production quickly but fails to facilitate the landfill's final stabilization.


Sludge and scales produced during oil and gas production contain enhanced naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM). Sludge and scales are under the jurisdiction of Department of Environment (DOE) and also Atomic Energy Licensing Board (AELB). AELB has issued a guideline regarding the disposal of sludge and scales as in its guideline (LEM/TEK/30 SEM.2, 1996). In this guideline, Radiological Impact Assessment (RIA) should be carried out on all proposed disposals and has to demonstrate that no member of public will be exposed to more than 1 mSv/y. This paper presented RIA analysis using RESRAD computer code for the disposal of treated sludge. RESRAD (RESidual RADioactive) developed by Argonne National Laboratory is to estimate radiation doses and risks from residual radioactive materials. The dose received by the member of public is found to be well below the stipulated limit.


Background: Electrolyte abnormalities are common in critically ill children. In view of importance of electrolyte homeostasis and its significant impact on the final outcome of patient, the present study was undertaken. Objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of electrolyte abnormalities in children admitted in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at the time of admission and its association with mortality and primary organ system involvement. Methods: The study enrolled all the patients from 29 days to 12 years admitted in PICU of a tertiary care hospital during April 2015 to September 2016 (total 18 months). The children were classified according to presence or absence of electrolyte abnormality. The children were further divided into subgroups based on electrolyte values and mortality and organ system involvement was analyzed in each of the sub groups. Results: The prevalence of electrolyte abnormality in terms of sodium or potassium abnormality in the present study was 44.31% (323 of 729). Hyponatremia (27.43%) was the most common electrolyte abnormality followed by hypokalemia (13.99%). The mortality in children with electrolyte abnormality was found to be 28.8% which was significantly higher than mortality in those without electrolyte abnormality. Maximum children with hyponatremia had central nervous system involvement (48.5%) and those with hypernatremia had gastrointestinal involvement (65.4%). Hypokalemia was most frequently observed with gastrointestinal involvement (54.9%) and hyperkalemia with renal involvement (34.8%). Conclusions: Present study has demonstrated significant association of electrolyte abnormalities at admission in PICU with mortality and primary organ system involvement. Close monitoring and correction of electrolyte abnormalities is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality.


Plants produced secondary metabolites for growth, defense and protection. Understanding the factors that influence the biosynthesis of these active compounds is essential for its efficient production. In this study, localization of tannin in 'tawa-tawa' callus and influence of differentlevelsofnutrientonthetanninproductionandantioxidantactivityof'tawa-tawa'crude extracts were investigated. Effect on tannin production of 'tawa-tawa' calli derived from nodal and internode explants and their response to increasing concentrations of CuSO4·5H2O (0, 0.1,1,10µM)or reducing levels of KNO3 (193mM,145mM,96mMand0mM)wereexplored. 'Tawa-tawa'call us contains a 1:6-14 ratio between condensed tannin and hydrolysable tannin. Amount of condensed tannin in calli derived from nodal explant was 94% higher compared to internode derived calli. However,the amount of both tannins in 'tawa-tawa' calli regardless of explant source did not significantly differ when exposed to various levels of nutrients in theculturemedium. The antioxidant activity of 'tawa-tawa' callusc rude extracts was also not affected by the levels of CuSO4·5H2O and KNO3. Its 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity ranges from 59 to 85%. It is concluded that concentration of hydrolysable and condensed tannins is influenced by the type of explant material, but not by the levels of CuSO4·5H2O and KNO3. Various levels of CuSO4·5H2O and KNO3 had no effect on the antioxidant activity of the crude extract of 'tawa-tawa' calli. Histological localization of tannin using 1%MeOHFeCl3 stain in 'tawa-tawa'callus cross sections suggests the involvement of tannin in re-programming of cells for growth and differentiation as well as for structural support.


Researchers have perceived religion, prayer, hope and faith to be needs of family members throughout the illness process. Family members of patients with disorders of consciousness experience suffering and anguish, due to the length of time waiting and uncertainty involved in the recovery process, with spirituality being an important source of emotional aid and relief from tensions. Spirituality has no power to immediately resolve the situation; however, it can renew the energy of the family through identification of resources and learning to cope with the situation. This is an important part of life for many families and cannot be neglected in the context of illness.


Three criteria: a physical, a mathematical and a functional one for operation of the coaxial waveguide, completely filled with azimuthally magnetized ferrite, under for normal TE01 mode excitation, as a digital nonreciprocal phase shifter, are established. The first of them is deduced from the phase characteristics of configuration and determines the limits of the interval in which it provides differential phase shift for a specific value of the off-diagonal ferrite permeability tensor element. The second criterion associates the structure parameters with certain roots of its characteristic equation, expressed by complex confluent hypergeometric functions and with the related to them positive real L(c,ρ, n) numbers (c=3D 3, 0<ρ<1, n=3D 1). The third one specifies the limits of the domain of phase shifter operation. These are functions, representing in normalized form the dependence of phase shift at the cut-off frequencies and at the envelope lines, marking the end of the phase curves for negative ferrite magnetization from the side of higher frequencies, on the guide radius for a fixed central conductor thickness.


Author(s): Tian, Ye | Advisor(s): Mueller, Leonard J. | Abstract: Nuclear magnetic resonance is a robust tool in a broad range of scientific area from biochemistry, material science to MRI in medical application. In this thesis, two distinct works are presented in both solid sate and liquid state NMR. Firstly, benefiting from the fast MAS and cleverly designed devices, both resolution and sensitivity of solid state NMR spectra have been improved many folds, so that it is available to study complex biological solids, such as proteins. However there is always a need to increase resolution in order to work on more complicate systems. Here, we introduce a series of highly resolved scalar-based three-dimensional homonuclear correlation experiments for 13C sidechain correlation in solid-state proteins. These experiments are based on a sensitive constant-time format, in which homonuclear scalar couplings are utilized for polarization transfer, but decoupled during chemical shift evolution, to yield high resolution in indirect dimensions and band selectivity as desired. Together with the experiments designed to obtain backbone correlations, we could fully assign the backbone and aliphatic sidechain chemical shifts with the 3D spectra that are collected on 9.4T magnet (1H frequency 400MHz) for model protein GB1. We also discuss the method of chemical shift based structural refinement. Another practice of NMR in my work is using 31P Dynamic NMR to characterize the backbone conformation and dynamics in DNA Dickerson Dodecamer. The results confirm solid-state 2H-NMR experiments showing that the C3pG4 and C9pG10 steps experience unique dynamics. And cytosine methylation has significant impact on the local dynamics. The results also show that 31P Dynamic NMR is an efficient way to extract DNA backbone dynamic information, and provide detail knowledge to study DNA-protein interactions.


In previous studies of the collective noun in Hebrew, collectives have been treated as a homogeneous group of nouns. Collectives have been defined as a noun that refers to a group of real-world entities and is grammatically singular. Sometimes included in this discussion are mass nouns and proper nouns. This article argues that mass nouns and proper nouns should not be included as part of the discussion about collective nouns. Then it seeks to apply the research of Joosten et al. on Dutch collective nouns to Biblical Hebrew. Joosten identifies three types of collective nouns. First, Type 1 nouns focus on the collection as a whole. On the other end of the spectrum are Type 3 nouns which focus on the members of a collection. Type 2 nouns have the flexibility to refer to the collection in one context, while in others it can have a member focus. Using a sampling of collectives that appear in Deuteronomy, this article uses attributives, demonstratives, and cardinal numbers to help identify collective nouns in Biblical Hebrew using Joosten's categories. Observing these syntactical elements alongside collectives this article shows that Type 1 nouns will have agreement between adjectives and collectives. Type 3 nouns will have disagreement. Type 2 nouns will, depending on the focus, have either agreement or disagreement.


This study comprised 4,641 Brånemark dental implants, which were retrospectively followed from stage 1 surgery to completion of the prosthetic restorations. The implants were placed during a 3-year period (1986 to 1988) in 943 jaws, representing 889 patients with complete and partial edentulism. The jaw and sex distribution revealed a predominance of mandibles (564/943) and females (534/943). The mean age of the patients was 57.5 years (range 13 to 88 years) at implant placement. Only 69 (1.5%) fixtures failed to integrate, and most losses were seen in completely edentulous maxillae (46/69), in which the jaw bone exhibited soft quality and severe resorption. A preponderance of failures could also be seen among the shortest fixtures (7 mm). A majority of the mobile implants were recorded at the abutment connection (stage 2) operation (48/69).


This paper introduces a new equivalent circuit for linear DC networks containing independent voltage and/or current sources and resistors, which represents all internal losses. Since the equivalent-modeling proposal does allow the determination of the efficiency of the original circuit or of all power dissipated in the internal resistors, it can be used for both the power and efficiency analysis of the real linear networks. The proposed equivalent circuit can be considered an extension to and differs from those proposed by Thévenin, and other subsequent proposals with regard to its conservativeness in relation to the actual circuit. Therefore, the paper also demonstrates that there is a direct relation between the model presented here and that proposed by Thévenin.


The use of ceramic instead of metallic parts in devices that operate in aggressive conditions increases the service life of machines and equipment for chemical, metallurgical and other industries. The wear resistant zirconia/alumina composites were sintered from nanopowders obtained by co-precipitation technique. In the case of addition of 1wt% of alumina in zirconia ceramics the wear resistance increased by approximately 30%.The formation of complex multilevel composite structures, such as Al3+ ion segregation on zirconia grain boundaries and intracrystalline alumina inclusions in zirconia grains, increased the fracture toughness values of composites obtained from co-precipitated nanopowders and consequently decreased the volume loss of ceramic material.In this study, we investigated the effect of nanopowders synthesis methods and alumina concentration on composite structure, fracture toughness and tribological behavior of 3Y-TZP/alumina ceramic composites and searched correlation between structures and ...


Shi Guang Zhuan is a miscellaneous collection of the observations of Wang Fuzhi's reading of The Book of Song.According to available documents,the exact writing date of the book can not be confirmed.Mr.Wang Xiaoyu conjectures that Shi Guang Zhuan was written after the year of 1669,but the evidence he supplied is insufficient to prove it.The writing style of Shi Guang Zhuan blends the simplicity with melancholy,through the analysis of which we can infer that the collection was written around 1671.


The bioorganic fertilizer obtained through anaerobic fermentation comprises number of growth substances, vitamins, antibiotics, amino acids and useful micro-organisms. Bioorganic liquid fertilizer not only increases bioorganic fertility of crops (in comparison to the control and prototype fertilizer), but also accelerates their maturation and nutrient quality. Thus, the present study was aimed to produce bioorganic liquid fertilizer from cow manure and groundnut husks through aerobic fermentation in open containers. The result indicated that macronutrient composition of bioorganic fertilizer and compost tea solutions indicated that Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg) and also sodium (Na) were found to be significant between bioorganic liquid fertilizer and compost tea (used as a control) solutions. The quality of biorganic liquid fertilizer solution produced in the present study with respect to PH, EC and C:N ratio indicated that both compost tea and bioorganic liquid fertilizer solutions fulfill the basic requirements of plant macronutrients with respect to electrical conductivity and C:N ratio. However the PH needs adjustment to the neutral range between 6.0 to 8.0 which is optimum for most crop plants. It was indicated that the performance of lettuce irrigated with bioorganic fertilizer solution was performing better than compost tea solution and without any fertilizer (control) plant. Above ground biomass per plant (BMW) and Head weight per plant (HWP) was found to be significant among all treatments: lettuce irrigated with bioorganic liquid fertilizer; with compost tea, and without any fertilizer. It can be concluded from the present study that bioogranic liquid fertilizer can be produced from locally available substrates like cow manure and groundnut husks.


Just what is art education? …It is what we make it become.     (McFee, 1991, p. 70)Iam regularly asked, "What does this have to do with art education?" or "How is this art?" For instance, I like to...