IN AN ATTEMPT TO EVALUATE AND ANALYZE THE PROBLEM OF HIGHWAY BACKSLOPE REVEGETATION IN IOWA, A SURVEY WAS MADE OF BACKSLOPE EXPOSURES ALONG 3,500 MI OF HIGHWAY IN THAT STATE. SOME 55 ROADCUTS EXHIBITING DIFFERENCES IN VEGETATION AMONG THE VARIOUS ZONES WITHIN THE SAME SLOPES WERE STUDIED IN GREATER DETAIL. PLANT GROWTH WAS MEASURED ON 241 SAMPLING SITES WITHIN THESE CUTS, AND SOIL SAMPLES FROM THE SAME SITES HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED AND ANALYZED ON 20 PRESELECTED SOIL PROPERTIES. A DESCRIPTION OF BACKSLOPE MATERIALS OF MAJOR OCCURENCE IS MADE ON THE BASIS OF ANALYTICAL DATA. CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PLANT YIELD AND SOIL PROPERTIES INDICATE THAT OF ALL FACTORS NITRIFIABLE NITROGEN AND AVAILABLE PHOSPHORUS EXERT THE LARGEST POSITIVE INFLUENCE ON PLANT GROWTH IN BACKSLOPE MATERIALS OF LOW CLAY CONTENT. IN THE SAME GROUP OF MATERIALS EXCHANGEABLE HYDROGEN AND SAND CONTENT ARE THE MAIN NEGATIVE FACTORS. PLANT GROWTH ON CLAY-RICH MATERIALS (GUMBOTIL, FERRETTO, AND B HORIZONS) APPEARS TO BE INCREASED BY AVAILABLE AND NITRIFIABLE NITROGEN AND DECREASED BY HIGH CAPILLARY POROSITY AND SAND CONTENT. /AUTHOR/


LyondellBasell Industries is in exclusive negotiations to buy a controlling interest in Braskem from the Brazilian conglomerate Odebrecht, the parties have confirmed. Rumors of LyondellBasell's overtures to Braskem have surfaced periodically since last November. At the time, Odebrecht denied it was interested in selling its 50.1% stake in the firm. Last month, stories emerged in the Brazilian press that LyondellBasell was considering a transaction that would value Braskem at $11.5 billion. Brazilian state oil company Petrobras has long wanted to sell its 47% interest in Braskem. If completed, the deal will give LyondellBasell control of a smaller, Latin American version of itself. LyondellBasell calls itself the largest producer of polypropylene in North America and Europe. The firm is the biggest polyethylene maker in Europe. It also makes other petrochemicals, and it runs a refinery in Houston. It had sales of $34.5 billion and operating income of $5.5 billion in 2017.


The skeleton and its associated medial axis give a very compact representation of objects, even in the case of complex shapes and topologies. They are powerful shape descriptors, bridging the gap between low-level and high-level object representations. Surprisingly, skeletons have been used in a relatively small number of applications, and almost every time for very precise and concrete tasks. This work focuses on the problem of object registration using the objects' medial axis. We first build adequate attributed relational graphs to organize in a structured way informations about object shape and topology contained in the medial axis. Using a graph matching algorithm then allows to solve the correspondence problem between the graphs. From these correspondences between similar parts of the objects, we infer a set of matched points and finally estimate the transformation between the two objects through a robust matching algorithm. Synthetic results are presented.


1 Binding assays on homogenates of guinea‐pig brain showed that the maximal number of binding sites was different for different tritiated ligands interacting with the opiate receptors. 2 At 25°C the binding capacity of morphine or dihydromorphine was only about 3 pmol/g fresh brain whereas etorphine and d‐Ala2‐l‐Leu5‐ and d‐Ala2‐l‐Met5‐enkephalin amide had capacities of 13 to 15 pmol/g brain. d‐Ala2‐d‐Leu5‐enkephalin had an intermediate capacity of about 6 pmol/g brain. 3 The binding capacities of the natural methionine‐ and leucine‐enkephalins measured at 0°C were 5 to 6 pmol/g brain. At this temperature, the binding capacity of dihydromorphine, d‐Ala2‐d‐Leu5‐enkephalin and of the two enkephalin amides was only slightly lower than at 25°C. 4 In assays in which unlabelled ligand competed with the same labelled ligand, the inhibition constants (K1) were equal to or not more than twice as large as the equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) determined in saturation assays. In contrast, the K1 of unlabelled dihydromorphine against [3H]‐d‐Ala2‐d‐Leu5‐enkephalin or of unlabelled d‐Ala2‐d‐Leu5‐enkephalin against [3H]‐dihydromorphine were about 20 times higher than the respective Kd values. 5 When for a given compound the ratio of the K1 value against [3H]‐d‐Ala2‐d‐Leu5‐enkephalin to the K1 value against [3H]‐dihydromorphine (discrimination ratio) is calculated, a high value indicates selectivity in favour of the μ‐receptor and a low value selectivity in favour of the δ‐receptor. The most selective μ‐agonist known so far is normorphine with a discrimination ratio of 70 and the most selective δ‐agonist is d‐Ala2‐d‐Leu5‐enkephalin with a ratio of 0.11. The selectivity of the known antagonists is in favour of the μ‐receptor, since their discrimination ratios are larger than 1, varying between 10 for naloxone and 4 for Mr 2266.


Falling of rigid body through air, water, and sediment with high speed is investigated experimentally and theoretically. Several experiments were conducted to shoot bomb-like rigid bodies with the density ratio similar to MK84 into the hydrographical tank. During the experiments, we carefully observe the position and orientation of the bomb-like rigid bodies. The theoretical work includes the development of 3D model for predicting high speed rigid body manoeuvring in air-water-sediment columns (STRIKE35) which contains three components: triple coordinate transform, hydrodynamics of falling rigid object in a single medium (air, water, or sediment) and in multiple media (air-water and water-sediment interfaces). The model predicts the rigid body's trajectory in the water column and burial depth and orientation in the sediment.


Try to make analysis on the reason,influence factors and,solution of"the Saddle Phenomenon"of the participation in Mass Sport.in order to enlarge sports population and improve Chinese"Mass Sport"standard.


One of the main problems of Cognitive Grammar (CG) — and of its European precursors such as Lucien Tesnière, Hans Jacob Seiler or Bernard Pottier — is to find adequate mathematical tools for describing the topological and dynamical information — in fact the morphological information — which is provided by perception, iconically encoded in cognitive image-schemas and processed by the semantics of natural languages. Algebraic and logical formalisms are dramatically not convenient for such a task. Indeed, as far as they are discrete and symbolic, they cannot do justice to the continuous, spatio-temporal, morphological and Gestaltic aspects of the image-schemas. What we need for exploring what David Touretsky called the "iconic way" is another sort of formalism, of a topological, dynamical and physical nature. Following René Thom's propositions in catastrophe theory and morphodynamics, I have tried to develop such a research program in semio-linguistics since 1975. It fits very well with the new trends in cognitive linguistics. We agree for example with Ray Jackendoff that there does exist a conceptual structure, that is a deep cognitive level of representation at which perception, action and language become compatible. This conceptual structure transforms the physical world into a projected world — a morphologically structured phenomenological world — endowed with a qualitative ontology. The consequence of the fact that natural language is rooted in this morphological basis is for instance, in what regards syntactic structures, the localist hypothesis. It says that the possible relations of position (static and dynamic) between local domains in space-time play the role of archetypes — of basic schemes — for syntactic structures. I have explained it in details in my book "Morphogenèse du Sens".1 It is the same idea that we find in Ray Jackendoff when he says, following Gruber, that:


Disclosed is a method for acquiring a plurality of X-ray focuses in which an electron beam is applied from a cathode of a magnetic field generation device to a movable anode, and an X-ray that is generated from the anode by the electron beam which is applied to a target object. Here, the anode comprises an inclined surface, and part of the inclined surface may protrude. The plurality of focuses with respect to the X-ray can be acquired based on the electron beam that is applied and the inclined surface.


The paper discusses the issues of teaching nationality languages of Russia to preschool children, taking the Udmurt language and culture as an example. The relevance of the study is dermined by the scientific data according to which ethnic stereotypes in behaviour are formed most intensively in preschool age. Getting acquainted with new cultures and languages is particularly important for preschool education in multinational regions as it prevents the development of ethnocentric personalities.

The paper aimed at a detailed analysis of the didactic and substantive content of the educational programme "Zarni bugor" ("Golden ball") (hereinafter referred as the Programme) with the elements of teaching the Udmurt language to children from 4 to 7; the Programme is to be realised within three years in the Russian group of kindergarten № 5 in the town of Agryz, Republic of Tatarstan. The novelty of the Programme lies in introducing the Udmurt language (along with Tatar and Russian) into the educational process of the kindergarten.

The research methods are theoretical (the study of academic literature on the problems of intercultural education in a multi-ethnic region) and empirical (observation and behavioral analysis of preschoolers).

The system of exercises included into the Programme, its content, the forms and methods of teaching preschoolers present a consistant didactic material for teaching the Udmurt language and culture in this age group. The programme is expected to provide a high level of intercultural competence corresponding to the age of children, it is supposed to arouse their interest in the Udmurt language and culture, make them open for perception of other cultures.


We report on the formation of a lightly doped p–n junction at the surface of compensated p-type silicon wafers, caused by dopant segregation during thermal oxidation. Experimental evidence and characterization of the junction is obtained by secondary ion mass spectrometry and hot probe measurements. For the first time the impact of the unexpected junction on the characterization of metal-oxide-semiconductor structures with capacitance–voltage measurements is measured and explained via simulation.


The cause of exploding containers, publicly identified to be that of counterfeit gases entering the disposable gas bottle supply chain will throw up a wide range and diversity of legal issues. Linda Jacques reports.


Optimal information provision is important in cancer survivorship, but satisfaction with this provision may depend upon individual differences in personality. We examined the effect of the personality traits negative affectivity and social inhibition, and their combined effect (Type D personality) on satisfaction with received information.


Since its discovery in the 1800s, galvanometer has seen many iterations. Some of the different types of galvanometer include Tangent galvanometer, Astatic galvanometer, Mirror galvanometer and Ballistic galvanometer. However, today the main type of galvanometer type that is used widely is the D'Arsonval/Weston type or the moving coil type. A galvanometer is basically a historical name that has been given to a moving coil electric current detector.


In 2016, the antimicrobial TDM Guidelines revised edition was published, and a pediatric dose of vancomycin (VCM) was set. However, in actual use, further verification is needed. Therefore, we evaluated the validity of the guidelines for pediatric doses, using the estimated pharmacokinetic parameters of pediatric patients treated with VCM. The median dose of VCM administered was 41.7 mg/kg/day, and the ratio of serum VCM trough concentration that reached 10-15 μ g/ mL was 10.5% and that above 15 μ g/mL was 3.5%. If administered based on the pediatric dose of the guidelines, the ratio of serum VCM trough concentration that reached 10-15 μ g/mL was pre-dicted to be 38.6%, suggesting that the pediatric dose of the guidelines was useful, whereas that above 15 μ g/mL was estimated to 28%. Therefore, in patients at high risk for renal dysfunction in cases with age 1-12 months or 7-12 years, a regimen with reduced number of doses, but with-out a change in the daily dose from the pediatric dose of the guidelines, may be useful.


【Objective】 To summarize the effect of left lateral segmentectomy combined with fiber choledochoscope for hepatobiliary calculus.【Methods】87 patients with hepatobiliary calculus who underwent hepatectomy were reviewed retrospectively,46 patients were undergone left lateral segmentectomy and section of common bile duct and calculus remove and combined with fiber choledochoscope(Group A),41 patients were undergone left hepatectomy and section of common bile duct and calculus(Group B).The postoperative stone residual rate,complications and long -term outcome were compared between these two groups.【Results】The postoperative stone residual rate of Groups B is 12.5%,were significantly higher than those of the group A(0%),P 0.001.Intraoperative bleeding,operative times of the Group A and hospital stays of the Group A were same to those of the Group B(P 0.05),There was no statistical significance of postoperative morbidity between these two groups(15.2% vs 24.4%,P 0.05).The good satisfactory rate of two Group A is higher than that of the Group B(91.3% vs 82.9%,P 0.05).【Conclusion】The long-term and the short-term outcome of left lateral segmentectomy combined with fiber choledochoscope for hepatobiliary calculus is big to that of left hepatectomy.


Time crystal is defined as a phase of matter spontaneously exhibiting a periodicity in time. Previous studies focused on discrete quantum time crystals under periodic drive. Here, we propose a time crystal model based on a levitated charged nanoparticle in a static magnetic field without drive. Both the classical time crystal in thermal equilibrium and the quantum time crystal in the ground state can emerge in the spin rotational mode, under the strong magnetic field or the large charge-to-mass ratio limit. Besides, for the first time, the \emph{time polycrystal} is defined and naturally appears in this model. Our model paves a way for realizing time crystals in thermal equilibrium.


Purpose: Three methods of calculating ventilation from 4D CTimage sets have been explored by several research groups. This study is to investigate the differences of these three local ventilation calculations. Methods: Optical flow (OF) deformable image registration of the normal end expiration and inspiration phases of 4D‐CT images was used to correlate the voxels between the two phases. The OF was validated using a 4D pixel‐ based and point‐validated breathing thorax model, consisting of a 4D‐CT image data set along with associated landmarks. Ventilation derived from 4D‐CTs from 20 esophageal patients were retrospectively analyzed. Differences between the ventilation images generated by three methods, the Jacobian, the DeltaV, and the HU, were examined on a voxel‐to‐voxel basis. The Jacobian method uses the first derivative of the deformation field to approximate the change in volume of voxels. The DeltaV method directly calculates the volume change. The HU method uses the change in Houndsfield Units (HUs) of corresponding voxels to calculate ventilation. Results: The target registration error (TRE) for the deformable image registration was an average of 1.6±0.68 mm and maximum of 3.1 mm. Average difference between the DeltaV and the Jacobian ventilation as a percentage of the maximum ventilation value was 0.51±0.3% (range 0.33% to 1.32%). Average difference between the DeltaV and HU ventilation was 2.4±4.5 % (range 0.4% to 19.2 %). A small number of voxels show significant differences. We speculate that the larger differences were due to some image registration variances. Regions of highest and lowest ventilation matched well for all methods. Conclusions: Highs and lows in ventilation were more pronounced in the DeltaV method compared to the Jacobian. In general the differences between the two ventilation methods were small. However, the differences between the DeltaV and the HU methods were considerably larger.


Abstract Colonial Marylanders liked to play; to the dismay of the legislators, the populace congregated to play nine pins on court days and to race horses on the Sabbath before the ink could be scratched on early lawbooks to prohibit such abuses. In a land of plenty, fish and land game became sporting symbols and not simply symbols of survival. The primary geographical unit of Maryland society was the tobacco plantation. Horse racing, yachting, fox hunting, and the playing of cards and billiards comprised an integral part of the planter social scene. Of English origin, the Maryland settlers brought their English sports and games with them and combined these with colonial elements to produce a unique sports and games culture. The crudity of early colonial life hindered the development of highly organized sports. Later on, a more elegant style of life and increased freedom from the necessity of carving a living from the rawness of a wilderness produced more finesse in amusements. By reviewing sports, the hi...


In Reply.— Our readers will be grateful to Dr Unger for clarifying the bihormonal abnormality hypothesis. Much of the "bias" would have been eliminated from my editorial had "primacy" and "primary" been replaced by more appropriate terms. This, in effect, was done in the first paragraph: Unger's group and others have marshalled experimental evidence to ascribe anessentialrole to glucagon excess in these homeostatic disturbances.... As a corollary to these experimental findings emerged the concept of diabetes as abihormonal disorder dependent not only on insulin deficiency but also on glucagon excess.


The utility model discloses an elder and children safety intelligent managing and controlling system, comprising a plurality of monitoring data acquisition devices, at least one monitoring server in wireless connections with the plurality of monitoring data acquisition devices via a remote wireless communication network, at least one monitoring terminal connected with the monitoring server via a remote wireless network or an international internet, and at least one monitored terminal connected with the monitoring server via the remote wireless network. By arranging a series of data acquisition devices in the life area of a monitored object, and arranging the monitoring server to real-timely acquire and analyze the data, and feeding back the data analysis result to a guardian in time, the elder and children safety intelligent managing and controlling system guarantees the safety of the monitored object effectively.


This paper describes the production and fuel properties of fast pyrolysis biooils. These properties have caused increasingly extensive research to undertaken to address properties that need modification and this area is reviewed in terms of physical, catalytic and chemical upgrading.


Mahmud Abstract—Improving product quality is one of the main concerns of any manufacturing industry. There are many factors in apparel industries which are responsible poor product quality and defective items. Unskilled workers, physical fatigue from manual works of extended working hours, misplacement of worker at workstation, lack of training, absence of engineering knowledge and engineering management are few factors directly related to product quality. In this work effects of work fatigue on product quality is studied and analysed for stitching, finishing and fabric departments of an apparel industry. During the investigation attention is concentrated on how work fatigue influences product quality. It is found that defect rate varies with time. Defect rate increases gradually until lunch break. Similar fashion is observed after the lunch break also. Among the three departments defect rate in stitching department is higher than fabric and finishing departments. Finally few suggestions are proposed to reduce quantity of fatigue related defective items.


Hydrophobic domains provide specific microenvironment for essential functional activities in life. Herein, we studied how the coassembling of peptides with catecholamines regulate the hydrophobic domain-containing nanostructures for fluorescence enhancement. By peptide encoding and coassembling with catecholamines of different hydrophilicities, a series of hierarchical assembling systems were constructed. In combination with molecular dynamics simulation, we experimentally discovered the hydrophobic domain of chromophore microenvironment regulates the fluorescence of coassembled nanostructures. Our results shed light on the rational design of fluorescent bio-coassembled nanoprobes for biomedical applications.


In this paper, a new cooperation structure for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks is proposed, which outperforms the existing commonly used ones in terms of energy efficiency. The efficiency is achieved in the proposed design by introducing random interruptions in the cooperation process between the sensing nodes and the fusion center, along with a compensation process at the fusion center. Regarding the hypothesis testing problem concerned, first, the proposed system behavior is thoroughly analyzed and its associated likelihood-ratio test is provided. Next, based on a general linear fusion rule, the statistics of the global test summary are derived and the sensing quality is characterized in terms of the probability of false alarm and probability of detection. Then, the optimization of the overall detection performance is formulated according to the Neyman–Pearson criterion (NPC) and it is discussed that the optimization required is indeed a decision-making process with uncertainty which incurs prohibitive computational complexity. The NPC is then modified to achieve a good affordable solution by using semidefinite programming (SDP) techniques and it is shown that this new solution is nearly optimal according to the deflection criterion. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed architecture and its associated SDP is demonstrated by simulation results.


The nonlinear second harmonic and ponderomotive forces acting on electrons in an inhomogeneous rf field have been derived from the electron equation of motion accounting for the energy dependence of electron–atom collisions. It is shown that in a collisionless plasma (ω≫ν) the second harmonic force F2ω and the ponderomotive Fdc force are similar in magnitude and frequency dependence (ω−2), where ω is the driving frequency and ν is the electron collision frequency. In a collisionally dominated plasma (ω<ν) both forces are diminished and have a different frequency dependence: F2ω∝(ων)−1 and Fdc∝ν−2. Therefore, in a collisional plasma, the second harmonic force is always greater than the ponderomotive force.


The Cu(II) was separated by solid phase extraction on octadecyl-bonded silica membrane disks modified with N,N'-bis(salicylidene) ethylenediamine (SED) followed by elution and flame atomic absorption spectrometric detection and applied as a separation and detection method for copper(II) in water. Extraction efficiency and the influence of sample matrix, flow-rate, pH, and type and minimum amount of stripping acid were investigated. The maximum capacity of the membrane disks modified by 5 mg of SED was found to be 649′15 μg of copper. The limit of detection of proposed method is 0.04 ng mL - 1 .


List of illustrations Preface Acknowledgements 1. History and development of the 20-cm Schmidt-Cassegrain 2. First observation - the Moon 3. Planets, double stars and other bright things 4. Deep sky 5. A couple of interesting problems 6. Some accessories for the telescope 7. Observing with friends 8. Projects 9. Photography 10. Photometers, computers, image intensifiers and television 11. Afterword Ten appendices Index.


This project is aimed at the development of a computer-based, primary neuro-ophthalmological perimetric database for research, education and patient care. It is divided into three phases: 1. The perimetric examination protocol was analyzed and optimized through computer support. Each perimetric finding is 'manually' classified by a specialist according to the type of visual field defect1 (e.g., homonymous scotomas, retinal nerve fiber bundle defects, etc.) and its reliability rating. Results of this phase have reduced the administrative effort, created a paperless digital archive and allowed faster access for scientific evaluation. 2. Perimetric results obtained before the development of the new protocols are introduced into the electronic database by scanning, digitizing and classifying the perimetric printouts (as mentioned above). Using these procedures, former automated perimetric results of more than 10,000 patients with primary neuro-ophthalmological pathologies will be implemented into the database. 3. The manual classification will be complemented assisted by an expert system2, which is based on a neural network. With present computer power and development tools, it is possible to rebuild the existing Tübingen perimetric archive of printouts into a computer-based database. A pilot project demonstrated that it is possible to scan and digitize automated perimetric findings. For scientific evaluation, each perimetric finding is classified according to the type of visual field defect. In addition, the final diagnosis is stored in the database.


The invention discloses a method for producing glyceryl triacetate by atomizing raw materials. The production method can help shorten esterification reaction time and improve product yield, quality and chroma. The objective is achieved in virtue of the following technical scheme: mixing glycerol and acetic acid at a mol ratio of 1:6-9; adding a proper amount of a liquid catalyst and an entrainer,stirring and preheating to 80-100 DEG C; atomizing the mixture to allow the mixture to be subject to esterification reaction at 100-120 DEG C for 1-2h to obtain a liquid mixture containing 98-99% of glyceryl triacetate; adding 1-1.5% of acetic anhydride to the obtained liquid mixture for deep esterification reaction at the temperature of 90-110 DEG C for 10-20min to obtain a semi-finished product; removing the entrainer and the acetic acid, neutralizing, decoloring and filtering to obtain the glyceryl triacetate finished product.


In this paper a modified learning control algorithm is studied as one kind of hybrid type learning control which possesses properties of both iterative and repetitive learning control. The proposed learning control system consists of two parts: the memory based control and current cycle feedback control. The global convergence condition is derived in time domain. The corresponding physical meaning of the convergence condition is discussed in frequency domain. Multiperiod learning strategy is also developed. The learning control method has been successfully applied to motion control systems of manipulators.<<ETX>>


The utility model provides an anti-dewing device of intermediate parting strips of refrigerator which solves the problems that the cold gas in the existed refrigerator enters into upper part of the intermediate parting strips from seals of the two doors to cause dewing or icing condition in low-temperature area between upper part of the intermediate parting strips and two doors. The anti-dewing device of intermediate parting strips of refrigerator is disposed under the left door and right door, and comprises intermediate parting strips under the left door and right door; an electric heater is fixed in the intermediate parting strips; the heat quantity produced by the electric heater is transferred upward to middle position of the left door and right door by the intermediate parting strips; thus the middle temperature between two doors is not lower than that of the dewing. The device has the advantages that the device solves the dewing condition of the intermediate parting strips of the single-temperature double-top-door refrigerator, and has simple structure; because the device adopts extrusion die, the die-opening cost is low and the maintenance is convenient; and the device has strong practicability and wide market prospect.


The extent to which the influences of family-systems intervention practices could be traced to variations in parent—child interactions and child development was investigated by meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM). MASEM is a procedure for producing a weighted pooled correlation matrix and fitting a structural equation model to the patterns of relationships in the data. The main practices constituting the focus of analysis were capacity-building help-giving practices, social supports and resources, family needs (concerns and priorities), and family strengths. Eight studies were included in the meta-analysis. The participants were 910 infants, toddlers, and preschoolers with and without developmental delays or disabilities and their parents or other primary caregivers involved in different kinds of help-giving programs. Results showed that capacity-building help-giving and family-systems intervention practices had direct effects on both parent self-efficacy beliefs and well-being and indirect effects on parent—child interactions and child development mediated by self-efficacy beliefs and parent well-being. Implications for practice and further research are discussed.


The invention is to provide a three degree-freedom ankle rehabilitation training apparatus comprising a housing, an ankle revolution unit, an ankle dorsal stretch plantar flexion unit and an ankle inward-outward turning unit. The ankle revolution unit is mainly formed by a revolution motor, a housing, a small gear, a large gear, a large gear connection plate and a lower layer rack; inwardly, outward and annular rotation of the ankle can be achieved via driving of the revolution motor; the ankle dorsal stretch plantar flexion unit is mainly formed by an ankle stretch electric cylinder, a middle layer rack and a foot pedal; with control of extension stroke of a stretch electric cylinder push rod, dorsal stretch and plantar flexion actions of the ankle can be achieved; the ankle inward-outward turning unit is mainly formed by an ankle over-turning electric cylinder, a middle layer rack and a lower layer rack; and with control of extension stroke of an over-turning electric cylinder push rod, inward-outward over-turning actions of the ankle can be achieved. All basic actions for rehabilitation training can be achieved for the ankle.


Ca-doped Bi-YIG films were prepared by RF-sputtering, and their magnetic and magnetooptical properties in the visible wavelength region have been investigated. The films were deposited on vitreous SiO/sub 2/ and Corning 7059 glass substrates at 400 degrees C. The sputtering was conducted with an Ar pressure of 6.7 Pa, a deposition rate of 3.3 nm/min, and a RF-power density of 2.5 W/cm/sup 2/. The deposited films annealed in air at 500 approximately 700 degrees C were determined to be the garnet phase, and they showed large saturation magnetizations greater than 100 emu/cm/sup 3/. The magnetization of Ca doped films was constant in the range of Ca ratio x=0.0 approximately 1.0; however, the theta /sub F/ decreased with x in the same composition range. It was found that the theta /sub F/ of Bi/sub 2/YCaFe/sub y/O/sub 12/ films increased, while the M/sub s/ of the films decreased, in the composition range of y=3.5 approximately 5.0. >


The master thesis discusses the strategic cost control using the method of Life Cycle Costing. The theoretical part starts with the wider theory of cost, cost classification, analysis of the cost calculation, and finally strategic cost conception. The practical part starts with a presentation of the company Imopra Ltd. where the Life Cycle Costing Method is applicated on its production schedule. This part provides an overview of costing system of the mentioned company and presents a planned contract in conjuction with a new concept of costing system.


Despite their enormous relevance to cellular vitality, the folding mechanisms of only a few transmembrane proteins have been studied. From these studies, only a handful of bstranded membrane proteins were characterized. Current models describe that transmembrane b barrels fold into the lipid membrane in two major steps. Firstly, the unfolded polypeptide interacts with the lipid surface where it folds, tilts, and then inserts into the membrane. Consequently, it is thought that single b strands and b hairpins form unstable units, and that b-barrel proteins (pre-)fold prior to their insertion into the cellular membrane. Experiments studying the (un-)folding of membrane proteins are conventionally carried out by using thermal or chemical denaturation. In most cases, membrane proteins that were solubilized in detergent and/or exposed to approximately 4–10m urea were studied. In vivo membrane proteins fold under different conditions. Thus, the folding pathways studied may be different from those that occur in nature. Single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) represents a unique approach to studying the refolding of membrane proteins into the lipid membrane. SMFS is used to unfold and refold membrane proteins under conditions typical for their physiological environment such as pH, electrolytes, temperature, and, importantly in the absence of any chemical denaturant or detergent. In such experiments, a single membrane protein is first mechanically unfolded and its polypeptide is fully stretched. Then this unfolded polypeptide is relaxed to allow refolding into the membrane bilayer. Repeated mechanical unfolding is used to determine which structural regions of the membrane protein are refolded. Allowing the polypeptide different refolding times addresses the refolding kinetics of structural regions. Thus, SMFS can be used to detect the mechanical unfolding pathways and the equilibrium refolding pathways of a membrane protein. In previous SMFS work, the mechanical unfolding and refolding of many different water-soluble proteins have been investigated. However, compared to the variety of water-soluble proteins that were characterized, SMFS of membrane proteins reveals much more detailed unfolding and folding pathways. To date, the refolding of b-barrel membrane proteins into a lipid membrane has never been addressed by SMFS. Herein we report the application of SMFS to unfold and refold the outer membrane protein G (OmpG) from Escherichia coli (Figure 1). The structure of OmpG comprises 14 b strands that form a transmembrane b-barrel pore. Six short turns connect individual b strands on the periplasmic side and seven longer loops (L1–L7) on the extracellular side. In vitro experiments show that OmpG is gated by loop L6, which controls the permeability of the pore in a pHdependent manner. In previous SMFS studies, we found that the b barrel of OmpG unfolds via many intermediates. The main unfolding pathway described the stepwise unfolding of single b hairpins. This unfolding pathway was much more detailed than that detected for the water-soluble b-barrel green fluorescent protein (GFP), which mainly unfolds in one step when a sufficiently high pulling force was applied. In our refolding experiments, OmpG that had been reconstituted in native E. coli lipid membranes was first imaged by AFM. Then, the AFM tip was pushed onto the OmpG surface to facilitate the nonspecific attachment of the N terminus (Figure 1). Withdrawal of the AFM tip stretched the terminus and induced the unfolding of OmpG. Force– distance (F–D) curves recorded the force peaks that reflect the unfolding steps of a single OmpG (Figure 1). Each unfolding step represents that of a b hairpin of the transmembrane b barrel. To refold the partially unfolded OmpG, we stopped withdrawal before unfolding the last b hairpin VII. Then, we relaxed the unfolded polypeptide by approaching the AFM tip close to the membrane (ca. 5 nm). After a given time to allow the polypeptide to refold, the protein was unfolded again to probe which structural regions refolded into the lipid membrane (see Figure S1 in the Supporting Information). Individual F–D curves of the refolding polypeptide showed a series of force peaks that varied in occurrence (Figure 1). These force peaks were detected at similar positions as upon initial unfolding of OmpG. If b hairpins had folded without inserting or had attached to themembrane surface, the force peaks would have been detected at shifted positions (see the Supporting Information, Part 2). Similarly, force peaks which are characteristic for the folding of membrane proteins, would have changed their position if misfolding events had occurred. Thus, the unfolded OmpG polypeptide folded and inserted single b hairpins into the native E. coli lipid membrane. Probing the content of refolding in dependence of different refolding times (0.1–5 s) [*] M. Damaghi, Dr. C. A. Bippes, Prof. Dr. D. J. M ller ETH Z rich, Dept. of Biosystems Science and Engineering 4058 Basel (Switzerland) Fax: (+41)61-387-3994 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


It is possible to establish simplified system with reduced space and total equipment weight using high-efficiency Steam Injectors (SI) instead of low-pressure feedwater heaters in Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). The SI works as a heat exchanger through direct contact between feedwater from condensers and extracted steam from turbines. It can get higher pressure than supplied steam pressure. The maintenance and reliability are still higher than the feedwater ones because SI has no movable parts. This paper describes the analysis of the heat balance, plant efficiency and the operation of this Innovative-Simplified NPP with high-efficiency SI. The plant efficiency and operation are compared with the electric power of 1100 MWe-class BWR system and the Innovative-Simplified BWR system with SI. The SI model is adapted into the heat balance simulator with a simplified model. The results show that plant efficiencies of the Innovated-Simplified BWR system are almost equal to original BWR ones. The present research is one of the projects that are carried out by Tokyo Electric Power Company, Toshiba Corporation, and six Universities in Japan, funded from the Institute of Applied Energy (IAE) of Japan as the national public research-funded program. (authors)


According to the World Health Organization (WHO) list of the 10 most common causes of death is headed from ischemic heart disease (IHD). Stable angina pectoris (SAP) is one of the forms of IHD. It affecting the vessels of the heart the left and right coronary artery. Of particular note are stenoses covering the left main of the left coronary artery, because it supplies the majority of the heart muscle. In the era of coronary angioplasty with stent implantation, bypass surgery is still the "golden standard" in the treatment of left main stenosis. In clinical practice, some of the patients with stable angina pectoris have a stenosis of the left main. Today, with the advent of the DES stents possible implementation of the PCI of the left main with reduced risk of restenosis. Of course coronary angioplasty did not completely replace surgical revascularization by coronary artery bypass. Which solution is the medical properly and best for the patient is taken by the Heart Team. We comply with the calculated Syntax Score. The study SYNTAX PCI (TAXUS DES) vs CABG is the largest randomized study on this issue.


ABSTRACT A new and efficient numerical scheme for approximating one-dimensional nonlinear modified Burgers equation has been illustrated in this study. The method makes use of collocation of quintic splines and Crank Nicolson scheme for spatial and temporal discretization, respectively. Linearization involves a quasilinearization process. Since splines are smooth functions which do not exhibit oscillations associated with polynomials and possess easily computable derivatives, working with splines has a computational edge over other existing methods. The method is unconditionally stable, which is justified by von Neumann stability analysis. Convergence analysis of the method is performed and it is proved that the method has fourth-order convergence in space and second order in time. Performance of the method is assessed by computing the CPU time, and small values of CPU time ascertains that the method is highly time efficient. Proposed method yields good numerical results for moderate values of viscosity. Efficiency of the scheme is established from the fact that the and error norms are minute. Results achieved using the proposed numerical scheme are more precise and reliable as compared to many existing works on modified Burgers equation. This method is robust, fast, flexible and easy to implement.


This paper is devoted to the problem of attitude control of the feed source of a large spherical radio telescope. Based on a unique active disturbance rejection (ADRC) method, the lengths of six large-span cables and six electrical linear actuators are regulated to track the ideal trajectory of cabin structure and feed source, respectively. Finally, an illustrative example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Situational influences have long been recognized as a primary source of variation in the relation between achievement imagery and behavior. These situational influences occur within the evolving life course and reflect both the past and the anticipated future. Using a well-known longitudinal archive, this study views situational incentives in the anticipated careers of adolescent girls as a contextual determinant of the relation between their achievement imagery and behavior from adolescence,to early adulthood. The analysis identifies two motivational trajectories: the social-marital path of achievement-oriented girls who claimed a domestic or family-centered future and the worklife-career sequence of highly motivated girls (high need for Achievement) who favored family and work interests. The first career sequence links achievement motivation with investment in activities that are part of the sequence of dating, courtship, and marriage. Boys and dating ranked high in the adolescence of these young women, and they tended to bear more children in their adult years. In the second career of education and work, the achievement imagery of girls is related to their IQ, grades, and conversational topics that are about other than boy-girl issues. In young adulthood these women tended to finish school, marry, and start a family at a later age. The study highlights the value of a life-course perspective on achievement thoughts and motivation across the life span. The relation between achievement motivation and behavior warrants greater consideration within the life course. Typically, the behavioral expression of need for Achievement (« Ach) has been examined within a situation-specific framework, 1 but the temporal frame of action extends beyond specific situations to the experienced and anticipated life course. Achievement motivation acquires more precise meaning and direction when examined within the context of life goals (e.g., vocational desires). Two goal frameworks (family-centered/domestic and career oriented) specify different lines of action for


This article investigates the active physical interaction problem of an aerial manipulator in terms of capability, reliability, and costs. Then, an active physical interaction control architecture is presented for the aerial manipulator to achieve both stable motion and interaction behaviors with external wrench estimation. Specifically, an external wrench estimator in absence of the acceleration and wrench measurements is designed to regulate the interaction point of the aerial manipulator with a minimal sensor condition. Next, a force tracking impedance control strategy with variable stiffness is presented to guarantee the contact stability and force tracking of the aerial manipulator with uncertain contact targets. Further, utilizing the knowledge of prescribed performance and terminal sliding mode surface, a pose controller is proposed to implement the dynamic response speed and accuracy control of the aerial manipulator, which provides a prerequisite for the realization of reliable physical interaction tasks. The stability of the proposed control architecture is analyzed through Lyapunov tools. Moreover, the feasibility and performance of the proposed control architecture are validated via simulations and real-world contact experiments.


BACKGROUND: Pleural effusion is frequently seen on imaging examinations following elective abdominal surgery and has no clinical significance in most patients. This condition should be distinguished from pulmonary complications that require treatment. OBJECTIVE: To prospectively determine the incidence of pleural effusion in patients submitted to elective abdominal surgery using ultrasound (US), and to assess the possible association with risk factors related to the patients and anesthetic-surgical procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven patients, 21 (56.8%) female, and 16 (43.2%) male aged 29 to 76 years submitted to elective abdominal surgery were evaluated. US was performed preoperatively and 48 hours after surgery in all patients. Associated risk factors were also assessed - age > 60 years, sex, obesity, smoking history, alcoholism and associated diseases -, and anesthetic-surgical procedure - cancer resection, class ASA > 2, duration of surgery, longitudinal incision and incision > 15 cm. Biliar lithiasis (43.2%) and gastrointestinal cancer (43.2%) were the main causes leading to surgery. RESULTS: The incidence of postoperative pleural effusion (PPE) detected by US was 70.3% (26/37). Two of these patients (5.4%) developed pulmonary complications, and one died. The risk factors age > 60 years, smoking history, alcoholism, obesity and associated diseases had no influence on the development of the PPE whereas cancer resection, class ASA > 2, longitudinal incision and incision > 15 cm were significantly statistically associated with the presence of PPE. PPE developed even during antibiotic therapy. The duration of hospitalization was more than 2.4 longer in the patients with PPE. CONCLUSION: PPE is a very frequent condition observed in patients submitted to elective abdominal surgery. Most of the cases of PPE are self-limited, resolving without symptoms. The use of the US for the detection of PPE proved to be effective and should therefore be recommended.


Monolayer graphene at charge neutrality in a quantizing magnetic field is a quantum Hall ferromagnet. Due to the spin and valley (near) degeneracies, there is a plethora of possible ground states. Previous theoretical work, based on a stringent ultra short-range assumption on the symmetry-allowed interactions, predicts a phase diagram with distinct regions of spin-polarized, canted antiferromagnetic, inter-valley coherent, and charge density wave order. While early experiments suggested that the system was in the canted antiferromagnetic phase at a perpendicular field, recent scanning tunneling studies universally find Kekul\'e bond order, and sometimes also charge density wave order. Recently, it was found that if one relaxes the stringent assumption mentioned above, a phase with coexisting canted antiferromagnetic and Kekul\'e order exists in the region of the phase diagram believed to correspond to real samples. In this work, starting from the continuum limit appropriate for experiments, we present the complete phase diagram of $\nu=0$ graphene in the Hartree-Fock approximation, using generic symmetry-allowed interactions, assuming translation invariant ground states up to an intervalley coherence. Allowing for a sublattice potential (valley Zeeman coupling), we find numerous phases with different types of coexisting order. We conclude with a discussion of the physical signatures of the various states.


An experiment was conducted to study protective role of Toxiroak during induced mycotoxicosis in broilers. A total of 240 Vencobb broilers were divided at day old stage in eight equal groups. Group A served as a control and was given plain feed, groups B, D, F and H were given Toxiroak @ 1.25 g/kg of feed. Group C, D, G and H were given dietary aflatoxin B1 @ 0.2 ppm and groups E, F, G and H were given ochratoxin A @ 0.2 ppm in feed to study effect of Toxiroak on individual aflatoxicosis, ochratoxicosis and combined mycotoxicosis of broilers. The chicks were given respective feed from 1st day up to 42nd day of age. There was no significant effect ofmycotoxins individually and in combination on body weights of broilers up to 4th week of age. Afterwards there was significant negative effect ofmycotoxins on body weights of broilers. However, body weights were highest in group B and lowest in co-mycotoxicated group G. Feed conversion ratio was best in group B followed by A, F, D, HE, C and G. Significant improvement in haemoglobin values was observed in broilers due to feeding of Toxiroak in ochratoxin fed groups at 21st and 42nd day of age. There was no significant effect ofmycotoxin treatment on PCV and TEC of broilers. TLC was found to be significantly increased in only aflatoxin fed group. The effect was nullified by feeding Toxiroak. Due to single and combine mycotoxicosis there was reduction in serum total protein, cholesterol and triglyceride and rise in creatinine and uric acid levels. Supplementation of diets with Toxiroak counteracted the alterations induced by mycotoxins.


In three cases of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), and in one postoperative case, the passage of an I.V.-administered 99m-Technetium bolus through the brain and the 133Xenon clearance after intracarotid injection from different brain areas were observed, using a scintillation camera-1600 channel memorydigital magnetic tape unit. Regional cerebral blood flow values from contiguous areas down to 12 mm lateral lengths were calculated. In two cases computer-calculated cerebral blood flow maps are presented. Areas surrounding the AVMs revealed relatively high CBF values, while the blood flow in more distant parts of the hemisphere was decreased. Areas of low CBF values were detected also in the postoperative case with ligation of vessels. The initial part of the washout curves showed over all AVMs shunt peaks up to 88% of the initial activity. Shunt peaks detected also over most parts of the involved hemisphere are explained by arterio-arterial shunt connections. Their flow, centripetally directed to AVM, m...


This paper develops a statistical learning approach to identify potentially new high-temperature ferroelectric piezoelectric perovskite compounds. Unlike most computational studies on crystal chemistry, where the starting point is some form of electronic structure calculation, we use a data-driven approach to initiate our search. This is accomplished by identifying patterns of behaviour between discrete scalar descriptors associated with crystal and electronic structure and the reported Curie temperature (TC) of known compounds; extracting design rules that govern critical structure–property relationships; and discovering in a quantitative fashion the exact role of these materials descriptors. Our approach applies linear manifold methods for data dimensionality reduction to discover the dominant descriptors governing structure–property correlations (the 'genes') and Shannon entropy metrics coupled to recursive partitioning methods to quantitatively assess the specific combination of descriptors that govern the link between crystal chemistry and TC (their 'sequencing'). We use this information to develop predictive models that can suggest new structure/chemistries and/or properties. In this manner, BiTmO3–PbTiO3 and BiLuO3–PbTiO3 are predicted to have a TC of 730°C and 705°C, respectively. A quantitative structure–property relationship model similar to those used in biology and drug discovery not only predicts our new chemistries but also validates published reports.


The genus Candida is caused morbidity and mortality in human beings. The virulence factors of the Candida albicans have the great role in the pseudohyphae formation by attached with epithelial cells and endothelial cells. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of weed extracts used in traditional herbal medicine. The weeds were selected on the basis of their reported ethnobotanical uses. Water and alcoholic weed extracts were screened in vitro for their antifungal activity against fungus C. albicans . 50μl concentration of minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Mimosa pudica extract in alcohol and 70μl concentration of MIC of Oxalis corniculata extract shows in alcohol. We conclude from this that these extracts exhibit amazing fungicidal properties that support their traditional uses. The presence of phytochemicals in the extracts including, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, glycosides, triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and organic acids like, Malic acid, tartaric acid and citric acid may be responsible for these activities. The acetone extracts of plant are more efficient as compared to the water extract.


In digital radiography, the transmitted x‐ray beam recorded by a detector is first recorded as raw data related to the energy deposited in the sensitive region of each pixel. Raw data is then transformed to a 'For Processing' image by correcting for gain non‐uniformity and bad pixels. Finally, the 'For Processing' image is transformed to a 'For Presentation' image that is intended for viewing. The processes used in the presentation transformation have become an ssential element of image quality. These processes include exposure recognition, grayscale rendition, edge restoration, noise reduction, and broad area equalization. The numeric methods used to implement these processes will be reviewed and related to current commercial image processingsolutions. Educational Objectives: 1. Understand how image processing is integrated. into a sequence of steps used in generating a radiograph. 2. Conceptually understand the component processing steps and their effect on image quality. 3. Learn how certain commercial systems implement processing. 4. Understand how processing can be adjusted by a medical physicist to achieve consistent presentation characteristics.


It is investigated about the changes of population and national land use in Japan in the past about 2000 years. And it is shown the population change in the last 100 years and for the next 100 years. And it is clarified that 1) In the last 2000 years, Japan has the three times of rapidly population increasing and large-scale development of floodplain. 2) the Japanese population changes in the last 100 years can be called "population explosion", and the predicted population changes in the Monsoon Asian countries for the next 100 years will have same tendency of this "population explosion" in Japan, and 3) from these result, it could be expected that Asian Countries will meet the similar problems for river environment which Japan has experienced in the future.To cope up with these problems. the network for river environment focusing on Asia should be established.


This is really going to save you time and your money in something should think about. If you're seeking then search around for online. Without a doubt there are several these available and a lot of them have the freedom. However no doubt you receive what you spend on. An alternate way to get ideas would be to check another murder in the calais coach. murder in the calais coach by is just one of the most effective vendor publications worldwide? Have you had it? Not? Silly of you. Currently, you could get this remarkable publication just right here. Discover them is format of ppt, kindle, pdf, word, txt, rar, as well as zip. Just how? Merely download or perhaps review online in this website. Currently, never late to read this murder in the calais coach. Searching for a lot of offered publication or reading resource in the world? We supply them done in format kind as word, txt, kindle, pdf, zip, rar and also ppt. one of them is this competent murder in the calais coach that has been composed by Still perplexed ways to get it? Well, merely read online or download by registering in our website right here. Click them. GO TO THE TECHNICAL WRITING FOR AN EXPANDED TYPE OF THIS MURDER IN THE CALAIS COACH, ALONG WITH A CORRECTLY FORMATTED VERSION OF THE INSTANCE MANUAL PAGE ABOVE.


The catalytic activity of kaolinite before and after acid leaching for the decomposition of n-butane between 669 and 727 K has been compared with that of alumina natural and precipitated, and silica. The catalysis of hydrocarbon reactions on oxide surfaces appears to involve oxygen atoms which may be attached to the solid surface either physically adsorbed as the gas, as part of the lattice, or possibly as attached hydroxyl groups. Dehydrogenation of the hydrocarbon appears to be the first important step, suggesting that adsorption of the reactant involves interaction of the hydrogen atoms with lone pair electrons of surface oxygen atoms.


The aim of this study was to translate into Polish and establish the psychometric properties of the 11-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS). The translation process followed the recent guidelines for the crosscultural adaptation of questionnaires and was tested through analysis of differential item functioning (DIF) by the use of the Poly-SIBTEST method and bilingual groups. The essential unidimensionality was checked by bifactor analysis. Reliability was assessed by internal consistency and homogeneity analysis, and external construct validity by correlation with several external scales. The research indicated no differences in item performance between the final Polish and English versions, and confirmed the earlier findings indicating that the DJGLS measures two dimensions of loneliness (social and emotional) which generalize into a higher-order factor of a general sense of loneliness (bifactor structure). Reliability (α = .89) and homogeneity (H = .47) proved to be high. Research showed that ...


Aiming at nonstationary property of mechanical vibration signals,Empirical mode decomposition(EMD) can adaptively decompose signals to several intrinsic oscilation modes,and different mode contains different status information of an equipment.By means of approximate entropy(ApEn),the complexity of the original signal and its intrinsic oscillation modes can be quantified,thereby the intrinsic mode complexity of mechanical vibration signals can be quantitatively evaluated.One can use this method to understand the complex dynamic behavior of rotors, and monitor the change of running conditions of a mechanical equipment to prevent deterioration of fault.The engineering application results showed that this method can extract the fault information of a mechanical equipment,and provide an effective technology for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of a mechanical equipment.


The variance of a random variable is σ. It is the measure of spread from the center. Therefore, how to accurately estimate variance (σ) has always been an important topic in recent years. In this paper, we consider a linear regression model which is the most popular model in practice. We use jackknife empirical likelihood (JEL) method to obtain the interval estimate of σ in the regression model. The proposed JEL ratio converges to the standard chi-squared distribution. The simulation study is carried out to compare the JEL, extended JEL, adjusted JEL methods and standard method in terms of coverage probability and interval length for the confidence intervals of σ from linear regression models. The proposed JEL, extended JEL and adjusted JEL has better performance than the standard method. We also illustrate the proposed methods using two real data sets. INDEX WORDS: Variance of error, Empirical likelihood, Jackknife empirical likelihood, Adjusted jackknife empirical likelihood, Extended jackknife empirical likelihood, Coverage probability, Interval length JACKKNIFE EMPIRICAL LIKELIHOOD FOR THE VARIANCE IN THE LINEAR REGRESSION MODEL


This project will be developed in the province of Tungurahua, in the city of Ambato, specifically in the rural parish Augusto Nicolas Martinez. It is proposed to readjust of the village house facilities as it is known in there, the parish GAD. The aim of the project is to enhance the facilities of a practically new building with approximately two years since its construction and also provide a place for a specific population, older adults in this case, to reactivate their cognitive and psychomotor skills through a labor therapy workshop. It is proposed to make a redesign that favors the activities that will be carried out by the administrative staff, senior citizens and users in general, according to the architectural space. The structure will be conserved and changes will be done in floors, walls and ceilings that combine aesthetics with functionality, using as a starting element the trisquel, which is a Celtic symbol whose meaning is evolution, development and growth. It is intended with this proposal to achieve a benchmark design in the sector.


The early postnatal development of neurons, dendrites, and synaptic connectivity in kitten substantia nigra (SN) was studied by light and electron microscopy. The compact and reticular divisions of the SN are present at birth but boundaries are indistinct. Most nigral neurons stain deeply in routine histological sections and their diameters increase slightly with age. Ultrastructurally, cell bodies are characterized by eccentrically located and often invaginated nuclei surrounded by cytoplasm rich in well‐formed or‐ganelles. Axosomatic synapses are infrequent and cell surfaces are enveloped by glial processes. Immature dendritic features, including growth cones and filiform processes, are commonly observed during the first 10 days. Gradually the dendritic profiles elongate and thicken and contours become smoother, retaining only scattered spinelike appendages.


To join two relations efficiently, they must not only be clustered but mutually clustered. Sorting is the only known way to achieve mutual clustering. Once the relations are sorted, merging is the obvious way to implement the join. If the relations are known to be sorted appropriately, the most costly part of the process can be omitted. To know that a relation is sorted already, it is best to remember that we sorted it. Otherwise detecting that the relation is sorted requires inspection of each tuple, a cost comparable in many cases to the cost of sorting. Detecting any other form of mutual clustering is bound to be a combinatorial process of much greater cost than sorting. Cheaper forms of detection may be possible using sampling, but these are heuristics at best and there is no reliable foundation for them.It is assumed that the sizes of the relations are large compared with the RAM memory available or, equivalently, compared with the number of processors available. Our conclusion that sort-merge is best is thus applicable to single-processor computers or to multiple-processor database machines. Discussing the cost of joining relations without making this assumption is outside the subject of databases.


In 2017, the 80th anniversary of the discovery in the Far East of Russia of a new neuroviral infection caused by tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). The full-genomic sequencing of the 63rd TBEV strains of the Far Eastern subtype determined their location in three clusters (Sofjin-, Senjangand Oshima-like isolates) indicated the territorial attachment of individual groups of strains with a certain molecular genetic characteristic. The marked difference in biological characteristics is shown by the example of the Dalnegorsk and Primorye-437 strains belonging to two different clusters of the virus of the Far Eastern subtype Sofjin-like and Oshima-like. This difference can be associated with 34 synonymous and 6th non-synonymous amino acid substitutions in the polyprotein. Besides, in the Primorye-437 strain, as well as in other TBEV studied strains that did not cause the manifest forms of infection, a typical deletion of one amino acid was determined in the capsid protein. The revealed features of such strains predetermine their reduced pathogenicity and the relative safety for humans. Leonova GN*1, Somova LM1 and Belikov SI2 1Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russian Federation 2Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation *Corresponding author: Leonova GN, Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Selskaya St, Vladivostok, Russian Federation, Email: email@example.com Published Date: September 04, 2017


The crystal and molecular structure of 2,6-diphenyl-4-(4-carboxyphenyl)pyrylium perchlorate was solved by x-ray diffraction, yielding structural parameters of high precision (estimated standard deviations for bond length ≤ 0.5 pm, for bond angles ≤ 0.2°). Comparison with other 4-substituted derivatives of 2,6-diphenyl-4(4-carboxytphenylpyrylium) perchlorate shows regularities in the variations of structural parameters following classical views of substituent effects.


HBT power technology offers an excellent compromise for high power and high efficiency amplifiers up to the Ku band. In this paper, we present the Performances of GaInP/GaAs power chips designed with four multi-finger elementary transistors. Two different approaches to thermal management were proposed for very high power levels. Pulsed power measurements of power chips integrating thick gold or diamond as heat spreaders are reported. An output power of 31 W with 49.5 % of PAE was obtained at 2.9 G& on 3.3"' of GaAs area. This corresponds to a power density of 9.4 W/mmz. These power chips constitute very attractive chips for compact high power, high efficiency amplifiers for radar and communication systems.


: Second only to Cairo in terms of population and density, Alexandria is one of Egypt's major cities. It has been one of the major metropolises in the ancient world in terms of culture, intellect, politics, and economy from its founding in the late third century BC. Since the Ptolemaic era, Alexandria's elegant urban environment has always been reflected in the building of gardens and public areas for its citizens. The collection of the garden profiles is divided into two sets. The main one includes historical context, archaeological installations, and a summary of the key features that define this park. The second group consists of a survey of the garden-cultivated plants. Numerous plant species, including trees, shrubs, climbers, palms, and succulents, can be found in the garden. These categories are comprised of 132 species, 103 genera, and 45 families. Due to their old age and consequently low numbers in Alexandria, the plant groups cultivated in the Antoniadis garden have a high value. There are some plant groupings in the garden, but there aren't enough of them there to fill out the groups and restore the area's wonder and splendour. The air pollution tolerance index (APTI) was determined for various plants grown in the garden because it is situated in the middle of Alexandria (Semouha zone), which denotes that it is situated in a region with medium-density traffic.


The present study investigated the effects of father absence upon cross-sex identity and field dependency in male adolescents. It was found that father-absent male adolescents were more field dependent in Witkins terms than were father-present male adolescents. It was further found that the masculinity scores of the 2 groups did not differ significantly nor were there differences in indices of cross-sex identity at least at an overt level. The findings were related to various aspects of sex-role identification and their implications were discussed. (authors)


This paper highlights the efforts of the Naval Surface Warfare Center to develop a fiber optic pressure transducer. The initial application for this fiber optic sensor is to monitor the pressure in the sonar dome of a surface ship. This required a 0 - 100 pounds per square inch (gage) sensor. This sensor, developed by Luxtron, Incorporated, under a Small Business Innovative Research contract, utilizes a vibrating quartz crystal as the transduction mechanism. Changes in the resonant frequency of the quartz crystal as a result of force applied to the crystal is monitored using a simple fiber optic link. This paper discusses the principal of operation and design of the sensor, advantages and disadvantages of this type of sensor, development results to date, and future development plans.
Portions of this paper have been presented previously in a paper entitled "Fiberoptic pressure sensor based on vibrating quartz crystal technology" presented at the International Congress on Optical Science and Engineering, The Hague, Netherlands, March, 1990.


Much attention has been focused upon the extent to which extra-legal factors influence decisions made in the justice systems (both adult and juvenile) in this country. While major attention has been given to race, the growing rate of female involvement in criminal (and particularly delinquent) activity requires attention to gender as a potential influence on decision making. Available research is inconclusive concerning such influences. An analysis of the processing of juvenile offenders in California centering on the intake and detention decisions suggests that gender biases may depend upon the type of offense charged (particularly status offenses) and may be more pronounced in some organizational contexts.


A multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection has been defined in some children (MIS-C). Researchers now report on 27 cases


Since 1962, when 7-methylguanine was found as an in vivo product of dimethylnitrosamine administered to rats (Magee & Farber, 1962), the list of sites of alkylation by simple alkylating agents has increased so that now we know that all oxygens and nitrogens of nucleosides in polynucleotides, DNA and RNA can be modified (Singer, 1976, 1982) (Figure 1). However, each reagent produces characteristic patterns of alkylation, both in vitro and in vivo (Singer & Grunberger, 1983). The enzymatic repair or loss in vivo of each of these products has been the focus of research for many scientists for two reasons. Firstly, enzymologists have been interested in purifying such activities and elucidating their mechanism of action. Secondly, it was apparent that adducts can cause changed base incorporation or act as blocks to replication. Because repair is not completed before replication in all situations, remaining adducts can be either mutagenic or lethal. Most recently, in order to separate the potential biological effects of each derivative, defined oligonucleotide sequences containing a single adduct have been synthesized and used to study both replication and mutation. These defined oligomers have also been of great value in measuring repair, particularly of 06-alkyl G and o4-alkyl T. This paper will focus on the mutagenic potential of selected O-alkyl derivatives, their repair in eukaryotes, and the effects of their presence on replication and nucleic acid structure.


1. Braunstein GD, Rasor J, Adler D, et al. Serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels throughout normal pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 126,678-681 (1976). 2. Yalow RS, Berson SA. Problemsof validation of radioimmunoassays. In Principles of Competitive Protein-Binding Assays, WD Odell,WI! Daughaday, Eds.,JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, PA, 1971, pp 374-400. 3. Rattle SI, Purnell DR, Williams PIM, et al. New separation method for monoclonal inimunoradiometric assays,and its application to assaysfor thyrotropin and human choriogonadotropin. Clin Chem 30, 14571461 (1984).


This paper introduces and compares the circuit of voltage feedback in the PWM controller of the current mode,designs a kind of circuit with voltage feedback of UC3846 based on the current mode,which satisfies the stable output in the high frequency circuit,nonlinear load circumstance.Experiment result proves that the circuit has good control characteristic and control stability.


A careful study of pulsed mode operation of the PHOENIX ECR ion source has clearly demonstrated the reality of an unexpected transient current peak, occurring at the very beginning of the plasma breakdown. This regime was named the Preglow, as an explicit reference to the Afterglow occurring at the microwave pulse end. After the transient Preglow peak, the plasma regime relaxes to the classical steady state one. Argon Preglow experiments performed at LPSC are presented. A theoretical model of ECR gas breakdown in a magnetic trap, developed at IAP, showing satisfactory agreement with the experimental results is suggested. Corresponding Author : email@example.com


How to promote air traveler repurchasing has become an important marketing strategy in airlines. However, because of the growing concern over user privacy, effectively and accurately delivering advertising to promote repurchasing has become more difficult. Here, we propose an effective framework based on machine learning to model the air traveler repurchasing and furthermore employ a field experiment to test the utility of a model framework. Specifically, we collected that this model framework is based on the random forest algorithm and compared with the conclusions of the other four algorithms, K-nearest neighbor, decision tree, support vector machine, and ExtraTree algorithms. The results show that the proposed model framework is better than the prediction results of the other algorithms. In addition, the proposed model framework was verified through a real case of an airline in China. This study will serve as a guide to analyze the repurchase behaviors of an air traveler and help airlines build a loyal air traveler base.


In order to solve the problem of how to explore potential information in massive data and make e ff ective use of it, this paper mainly studies news text clustering and proposes a news clustering algorithm based on improved K -Means. Then, the MapReduce programming model is used to parallelize the TIM- K -Means algorithm, so that it can run on the Hadoop platform. The accuracy and error are used as measurement indicators, and the collected datasets are used for experiments to verify the correctness and e ff ectiveness of the TI value and TIM- K -Means algorithm. In addition, the Alibaba cloud server is used to build the Hadoop cluster, and the feasibility of parallelization transformation of TIM- K -Means algorithm is veri fi ed by accelerated comparison. The results show that the parallelized TIM- K -Means has a good acceleration ratio, can save about 30% of the time under the same conditions, and can meet the actual needs of processing massive data in the context of big data. In multidocument automatic summarization, news clustering algorithm can gather the news with the same topic and provide cleaner and accurate data for visual automatic summarization, which is of great signi fi cance in the fi elds of public opinion supervision, hot topic discovery, emergency real-time tracking, and so on.


This short note presents a linear algebraic approach to proving dimension lower bounds for linear methods that solve L function approximation problems. The basic argument has appeared in the literature before (e.g., Barron, 1993) for establishing lower bounds on Kolmogorov n-widths. The argument is applied to give sample size lower bounds for kernel methods.


Objective To screen Lactobacillus strains from the intestinal mucus and fresh feces of healthy piglets in order to develop probiotics with amylolytic activity.Method 485 strains were isolated from the fresh feces and intestinal mucus of piglets based on selective MRS media.Result 25 strains(5.2%) with amylolytic activity were screened based on modified amylase selective media,3 strains of which were verified as having high amylolytic activity.The 3 strains were further studied for their basic probiotic activities,including resistance to unfavorable conditions,adhesion capability and antibiotics susceptibility.The strain with the highest amylolytic activity,Lactobacillus reuteri G8-5,was identified according to its physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA sequences,and selected as the candidate strain.It had a tolerance to pH 3.0 and 1.0% bile salts,as well as an adhesion to more than 15 epithelial cells and high occurrence of antibiotics susceptibility.Conclusion Lactobacillus reuteri G8-5 meets the requirements for safe probiotics and can be used as the candidate strain with amylolytic activity.


In order to find conditions for biologically plausible, cognitive self-organisation, an adequate representation of the final stage of this process is crucial. The implications of this assumption ar...


In this paper, we proposed bandwidth based power-aware routing protocol with signal strength detection instead of using GPS. In our proposed routing protocol, we used the variation of received signal strength to predict transmission bandwidth and lifetime of a link. Accordingly, the possible data transmission amount and remaining power after data transmission can be predicted. With the prediction of transmission data amount and remaining power after data transmission, we can design a bandwidth-based power-aware routing protocol to have power efficiency and prolong the network lifetime.


Abstract : Combustion mechanisms of mixtures with energetic binders and nitramines (RDX, HMX) were studied in wide region of pressures and initial temperatures. 8 mixtures having 4 modern energetic binders were investigated. Temperature profiles of burning waves were obtained by microthermocouple techniques. 17 characteristics of fwaves were established for every mixture and every combustion regime by measurements and data processing. Temperature and pressure sensitivities of burning rate and surface temperature were estimated. Criteria of stable combustion were determined. Characteristic features of the combustion mechanisms were described. It was established, partly, that significant heat release in solid and weak heat feedback from gas to solid are observed for all mixtures. The control region which governs the burning rate is located in solid part of the combustion waves and in a thin gas layer close to the burning surface. Burning rate response functions to oscillatory pressure were found. Comparisons of combustion mechanisms of mixtures with energetic binders and mixtures with HTPB were made. Obtained data provide base for modelling different combustion phenomena of these mixtures.


In recent years, a crucial interest has focused on closed mold composites manufacturing technologies. Mainly due to the ability to handle the harmful emissions of hazardous gases and the ability to produce parts with complex geometry. The liquid composite molding term includes a list of manufacturing composite varieties, such as resin transfer molding, vacuum assisted resin transfer molding, compression resin transfer molding. All liquid composite molding varieties involve compressive strain reinforcement before and in many cases during mold filling. The compressive strain reinforcement response is generally considered as non-linear elastic for the modeling. The viscoelastic stress relaxation is thus taken into account. A better understanding of the compressibility phenomenon helps to improve control of implementation process of parts and tooling design. The quality of the parts can also be improved through a better understanding of the stresses acting in composite products. In this paper, we present a detailed review of the most important models that have focused on the compression and relaxation of fiber reinforcements. In the order of succession, we first present the models giving a non-linear elastic behavior for fibrous reinforcements, then the models considering the reinforcements as viscoelastic materials.


Objective
To investigate the variants presence and intratype lineages distribution of Human papillomavirus type 52 (HPV52) in Chinese women.

Methods
A total of 1 244 cervical specimens were collected. After DNA extraction and genotyping, 79 HPV52 single positive DNA specimens were analyzed for E7 oncogenes and Long Control Region (LCR) fragments sequence variations. Finally, 50 samples were sequenced for both of the two fragments. Constituent ratio of HPV52 Lineage distribution was compared between mainland China and other regions of Asia.

Results
DNA variation of E7 and LCR were detected in 92.0% (46/50) and 96.0% (48/50) of the cases respectively. Five and fourteen variants of HPV52 E7 and LCR were found respectively. Lineage B was the most prevalent lineage across all of the HPV52 single infection cases (90.0%, 45/50), lineage A accounted for 8.0% (4/50), and lineage C accounted for 2.0% (1/50), and no lineage D was found. Constituent ratio of HPV52 Lineage distribution was different in different regions of Asia.

Conclusions
There is a high frequency of mutation in HPV52 E7 and LCR in China. Constituent ratio of HPV52 Lineage distribution of Asia has the character of geographical dependence.

Key words:
Cervical cancer; Human papillomavirus type 52; Mutation; Lineage


We report a comparative experimental study of the attenuation spectra transformations for a series of Yb doped alumino-germano silicate fibers with different contents of Yb3+ dopants, which arise as the result of irradiation either by a beam of high-energy electrons or by resonant (into the 977-nm absorption peak of YbYb3+ ions) optical pumping. The experimental data obtained reveal that in the two circumstances, substantial and complex but different in appearance changes occur within the resonant absorption band of YbYb3+ ions and in the off-resonance background loss of the fibers. Possible mechanisms responsible for these spectral changes are discussed.


Judging by statistics from the past half-century, rural America will continue to grow faster than urban America. The spread of large cities, the creation of new ones, the addition of 30 million more senior citizens, and the diffusion of immigrants into rural areas are powerful forces contributing to rural growth. Rural areas are competitive in a broad range of industries, eventually including significant elements of today's high wage, urban-oriented growth industries. Some rural places will be left behind, but past policy experience shows that alleviating conditions in distressed rural areas is well within the nation's capacity. The official statistical system that divides the nation into metropolitan and rural areas misdirects policy discussions by hiding rural growth and obscuring the intertwined nature of urban and rural activities. Four-fifths of rural growth has occurred in areas reclassified as metropolitan, and two-fifths of all farmers farm in metropolitan America.


The multiple azimuth angle spaceborne (MAAS) SAR can observe the region-of-interest (ROI) with different azimuth angles during single pass, which can significantly increase the flexibility of SAR observation and obtain more information of ROI. However, the imaging geometry and signal properties vary complexly with azimuth angles during single pass. Thus, in this paper, the geometry and signal properties are studied for the MAAS SAR. Firstly, the MAAS SAR is introduced and the imaging geometry is built. Then the geometry properties are analysed by simulations. Finally , the signal properties , including the range cell migration (RCM), azimuth resolution, two-dimensional (2-D) spectrum, and 2-D impulse response function (IRF), are studied both by theoretical analysis and simulations. All of the results and conclusions can be helpful for the system design, imaging algorithm development and application of MAAS SAR.


The present invention, while suppressing the generation of metal carbides, light in weight and has high thermal conductivity, and also provides a method of manufacturing a metal-based carbon fiber composite material, which enables controlling the direction of heat flow. With a mixture of carbon fibers and metal powder are physically while arranging step, a metal fiber mixture for obtaining a metal fiber mixture was placed in the process and, of the jig air, vacuum or inert atmosphere of filling in a jig, and pressed directly pulse current a, a method of manufacturing a metal-based carbon fiber composite material includes the step of sintering to thereby heat generation due to current flow. Wherein the composite material comprises a carbon fiber of 10 to 80% by weight based on the total mass of the composite material and is sintered to at least 70% of ideal density. Carbon fiber, the thermal conductivity


Remote-sensing images contain lots of visual information about transportation systems, geomorphic conditions, and communal facilities. The secure storage and transmission of remote-sensing images are of great significance. This paper proposes a novel image encryption scheme-based DNA bases probability and applies it to remote-sensing images for data protection. First, the plain-image is randomly encoded in DNA rules and its result participates in DNA addition with DNA mask generated by 2-D logistic map. Second, the cryptosystem executes 2-D logistic map again with DNA bases probability against differential attacks. Third, the pixel-level rearrangement and the DNA base-level rearrangement are, respectively, implemented in order of chaos sequences for permutation and diffusion. The cipher-image has a uniform distribution, low coefficients, and ideal entropy. The cryptosystem has acceptable encryption speed ( $speed=\textrm {0.651308Mbit/s}$ ) and high sensitivity to the plain-image and the security key. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can resist various existing attack schemes against remote-sensing images.


AbstractIf the service time of a customer depends on the length of time he has waited in the queue then it is shown that queue discipline has a significant effect on the maximum arrival rate for which the system is stable (i.e. the system capacity). For a simple model in which service time of customers increases with waiting time it is shown that LCFS is better than FCFS. Further, if information on when future customers will arrive at the queue is available, even better than LCFS are queue disciplines in which the server waits for a customer if that customer can then depart from the system earlier than when the server immediately serves one of the customers waiting in the queue.


Sichuan Basin is rich with brine, Which contens K,B,I,Br and other useful elements. This paper gives a review on current situations relating to K,B,I,Br in China, and put forth some advice on development and use of them.


Our society has become ever more dependent on large datacenters. Search engines, e-commerce and cloud computing are just some of the broadly used services that rely on large scale datacenters. Datacenter managers are reluctant to non-functional changes on the facilities of a perfectly operational installation as failures can be very expensive. Therefore, one of the big challenges of green computing is how to reduce the energy consumption and environmental impact of such systems without compromising the business. In this work, we propose a thermal monitoring tool for datacenters which is based on a WSN composed of ready-to-use modules. This tool provides a better understanding of the thermal behavior of datacenters and can help datacenter managers, for example, to manually adjust the cooling system in order to avoid energy waste and reduce cost. There is very low intrusiveness to the server facilities, as the tool is 100% independent of the server operability and requires only the setup of small wireless and battery powered sensors. Our tool was implemented and tested on a real datacenter in order to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach.


The Australian arts should be funded to carry out research and to innovate in exactly the same ways as the technological sciences. This will enable them to deliver even greater value to the public, innovate more, collaborate more widely and engage more deeply with business, a new investigation released by the ARC Centre of Excellence for Creative Industries and Innovation (CCI) finds.


Objective To analyze and explain how to treat 1 patient with post-ERCP hemobilia based on best clinical evidence. Methods We used EST and EPBD, ENBD, Hemobilia as


Abstract The currentless dissolution behavior of the anodic oxide films formed on antimony in 0.1N H3PO4 was studied as a function of formation voltages and formation current densities. The dissolution rate of the oxide film was examined as a function of the electrolyte composition of the formation medium. Kinetics curves for the dissolution of the oxide film in most media show a two stage process that seems to be related to the dual nature of the oxide film. The validity of the first order mechanism for the dissolution process is illustrated with the kinetics curves of dissolution following the equation: This equation is used for each of the two stages of the dissolution process, with two different values of K. The rate of the dissolution process was found to be a function of electrolyte composition of the formation medium, while no effect was observed for the initial current density of the oxide formation. The role of anion type on the dissolution rate was more pronounced in acidic solutions than in neu...


This paper presents a conservative numerical method capable of capturing contact line movement for the simulation of capillary dominated flow of two immiscible, incompressible fluids. The interface between the two fluids is represented implicitly by the 0.5‐level set of a function varying smoothly from zero to one. The flow of each phase is governed by the incompressible Navier‐Stokes equations with no‐slip boundary condition at solid walls. The key idea is to drive the contact line movement by prescribing the normal vector at the boundary to be the static normal vector corresponding to the equilibriumcontactangle. Our modelis formulated as a system of partial differential equationsand takes into account differences in density and viscosity, gravity, and surface tension effects. We discretize using the finite element method which allows for use of the weak form of the equations. The surface tension forces are included as line integrals along the interfaces. We eliminate the second order derivatives in these forces, coming from the curvature term, by applying partial integration of the Laplace‐Beltrami operator. Numerical experiments of capillary dominated flows in two space dimensions are presented and include tests of convergence rates and comparison with other numerical methods. Our numerical scheme show good accuracy and our results compare well with available theory.


The paper is devoted to computer implementation of some graph based stream ciphers. We compare the time performance of this new algorithm with fast, but no very secure RC4, and with DES. It turns out that some of new algorithms are faster than RC4. They satisfy the Madryga requirements, which is unusual for stream ciphers (like RC4). The software package with new encryption algorithms is ready for the demonstration. We will study the properties of stream ciphers defined via finite automata corresponding to the family of algebraic graphs of high girth defined in (34). The sequence of the graphs gives a well defined projective limit (infinite graphs) which is useful for theoretical studies of Turing machine corresponding to the graph based stream cipher. Algebraic nature of graphs implies the polyno- miality of encryption scheme, but combinatorial properties make it possible to prove the absence of fixed points, and to establish that different keys produce distinct ciphertext. The transition functions of automaton related to graph form an arithmetical dynamic system in the sense of (33). We consider the results of desynchronization of such infinite dynamical system, via applications of graph automorphisms and graph deformation, its effect on the security level and chaotical structure of cipher strings. The time evaluation of these algorithms defined via directed asymmetrical graphs compares well with the performance of fast but not very secure RC4, DES, algorithms based on simple graphs (symmetric anti-reflexive binary relations) developed during the recent ten years. In section 2 we present the ideology of cryptography based on Extremal Graph Theory created by P. Erdos' and his school and some new results on extremal directed graphs, observe the results on cryptographical properties of graphs of high girth and implementations of algorithms based on automata related to such graphs. In section 3, the reader can find basic cryptographical terminology. Next section contains definitions of girth indicator and girth for directed graphs, concept of family of directed graphs of high girth, encryption automata related to members of such a family defined via special colouring of edges. Section 5 is devoted to explicit constructions of algebraic families of graphs of large girth. For each commutative ring K we define two related families of algebraic directed graphs RED(K) and RDF(K) of large girth. In section 5 and 6 we discuss the implementation of general stream cipher based of family of directed graphs of large girth RDEn(K), n = 2,3,... in case of rings K = Z2k, k 2 {8,16,32}. Graph RDFt(K), which is just a union of some connected components of RDEn(K), is useful in evaluating the girth indicator and the size of connected components of RDEn(K). We evaluate


Self-healing soft electronic and robotic devices can, like human skin, recover autonomously from damage. While current devices use a single type of dynamic polymer for all functional layers to ensure strong interlayer adhesion, this approach requires manual layer alignment. In this study, we used two dynamic polymers, which have immiscible backbones but identical dynamic bonds, to maintain interlayer adhesion while enabling autonomous realignment during healing. These dynamic polymers exhibit a weakly interpenetrating and adhesive interface, whose width is tunable. When multilayered polymer films are misaligned after damage, these structures autonomously realign during healing to minimize interfacial free energy. We fabricated devices with conductive, dielectric, and magnetic particles that functionally heal after damage, enabling thin-film pressure sensors, magnetically assembled soft robots, and underwater circuit assembly. Description Editor's summary One advantage of using soft materials for robotic devices is that there is greater scope for self-healing, but a challenge for multilayer devices is to ensure realignment after damage. Cooper et al. present a method for healing multilayered and functional polymer materials by showing how a combination of dynamic hydrogen-bonding interactions and phase separation between different polymeric building blocks can be leveraged to achieve simultaneous autonomous realignment and healing of multilayered polymer films. This approach can restore both the mechanical and functional properties of complex polymer composites and even enables underwater self-assembly. —Marc S. Lavine Soft electronic devices and robots heal themselves without manual intervention.


An analytical method of 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzaldehyde by RP-HPLC was established.The following chromatographic conditions were used in the experiments:SHMPACK CLC-ODS column,the mixture of acetonitrile and water(60∶ 40)was as mobile phase.UV at 236nm.The linear range of Mesitaldehyde was 30.0~66.0mg/50ml(r=0.9999).The average recovery was 100.11%,and the RSD was 0.13%.


microflora of broiler. Microbiological methods were used to investigate the susceptibility of ten lactobacilli stains isolated from digestive tract of broiler. The isolates were tested against the ten most used antibiotics in veterinary and human medicine in Algeria. The isolates exhibited high resistance to all antibiotics tested in the range 70 to 100%. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC's) also were evaluated for each isolates. Lactobacilli of broiler's microflora are a reservoir of resistance genes able to dispread the antibioresistance phenomenon through the food chain and the environment. Further studies need to be performed to understand the mechanisms and the causes responsible for this phenomenon. This study shows the need to find alternatives and emergency measures to avoid repercussions on public health.


This paper states the significance of the research on multifractal engineerinmg surface,brings forward the new technical route and dexperiment methods to characterize multifractal engineering surface based on fractal and wavelet theory.


The excess of protein and lack of energy in the diet of goats cause an excess of nitrogen compounds in the rumen with the release of ammonia and the increase of urea concentration in blood and milk, which adversely affects: production and processing properties of milk, environmental pollution and reproductive performance. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of short-term (30 days) changes of meals in the view of different content of crude protein (CP) to: daily milk yield (DMY), the concentration of urea (U) and the ratio between fat and protein (F/P) in milk. Preliminary research was conducted on 72 Alpine goats, grouped into three groups (I, II, III), with 24 randomly selected goats. From kidding to weaning, goats were fed with the same meal (11 % CP), which was followed by period of short-term feeding with different amounts of CP in the meal (I -14 % low proportion, II - 16 % optimal proportion, III - 18 % high proportion). The increase of CP in portion for 4 %, 4 % and 6 % resulted in an increase of the DMY for: 1.29 L, 1.48 L and 1.91 L, and also the concentration of urea for 16, 26 and 30 mg/100 mL. The ratio of F/P decreased in I, II, and III group from 1.55 to 1.24; from 1.53 to 1.18 and from 1.39 to 1.12. Optimizing nutrition in terms of a more rational protein intake as the most expensive components of a meal, balance of the energy and protein, as well as defining the limit value of urea concentration in milk are a prerequisite for intensive production of goat's milk.