Since the ideal image is difficult to be stripped from the actual sampling, this study aims to address and test a shared noise which as the knowledge and is included in the signal applying to the sampled projection to generate high qualified X-ray imaging by reducing the artifacts in computed tomography (CT). Combined with the randomness of the noise, the prereconstruction of the original projection is performed first, and then the forward projection which contains the equivalent noise in the image is obtained. Based on the slice updating, the forward and reconstruction processing is employed again. By means of threshold setting, multiple forward projections are accumulated, whereas the noise upon them will be reduced by averaging process. The noise is suppressed, and the expected information emerges, simultaneously. Study results show effective results, and the proposed method is practical and attractive as a preferred solution to CT artifacts suppression. It provides reliable guarantee for the CT inspection of internal and external dimensions.


[Objective] To explore the new mini-invasion and effective endourological treatment method of patients with big bladder stones. [Method] Transurethal treatment of big bladder stones with nephroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy, after which the stone fragments were pulled out from nephroscopic scabbard by water pressure. [Result] All patients were successfully treated in one operation, and the stone fragments were cleared off. [Conclusion] The merit of the operation is mini-trauma, efficiency, high clearence and less complications.


The chemical characteristics and antioxidant properties of Maillard reaction products formed in the Maillard reaction in a model system at 95°C for different lengths of time (0–6 h) were investigated at three mass ratios (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3) of porcine plasma protein hydrolysate to galactose. The results revealed that the pH value and free amino group content decreased (p < 0.05), whereas the browning index, intermediate products, and browning intensity, as well as reducing power and 2,2'-amino-di(2-ethyl-benzothiazoline sulfonic acid-6)ammonium salt radical scavenging activity of the Maillard reaction products increased as the reaction time increased (p < 0.05). Moreover, when the mass ratio of porcine plasma protein hydrolysate to galactose was 1:3, the Maillard reaction progressed easily, which rendered a higher degree of glycation and antioxidant activity (p < 0.05). These results indicated that the Maillard reaction can improve the antioxidant capacity of porcine plasma protein hydrolysate.


This letter deals with non-pilot-aided symbol timing estimation methods in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. To do this, OFDM system uses a frequency diversity scheme over two consecutive data symbols. Our approach can be viewed as an expansion of Schmidl's and Minn's correlation methods. Using the OFDM signal equipped with frequency diversity, however, symbol timing is accurately estimated without additional training symbol and a second-order diversity gain is achieved.


To study the influence of urbanization on the distribution of ant species, I compared the occurrence of several ant species in urban parks of different areas and ages in Tokyo and Chiba City, Japan. Analysis of the presence or absence of 42 species revealed that the probability of occurrence in a park was significantly associated with park area for 15 species (35.7%), with park age for five (11.9%), and with region for seven (16.7%). It is likely that different species respond differently to urbanization. Species sensitive to urbanization could be good bioindicators of urban environments. Furthermore, to estimate the influence of the modification of underground environments, Messor aciculatus was selected, because this species nests in an almost vertical shaft with many chambers, to a depth of up to 4 m. The probability of occurrence of the species in a park tended to be lower in reclaimed land and banked land than in other landforms. This fact suggests that M. aciculatus could be a bioindicator of underground modification.


Background Accumulating evidence suggests that early-onset schizophrenia arises from a disturbance in the normal trajectory of cerebral development. Aims To investigate brain structure, asymmetry and IQ in early-onset schizophrenia. Method Volumes of left and right cerebral hemispheres and IQ were assessed in 33 participants with early-onset DSM – IV schizophrenia and 30 members of a matched, normal control group. Results Total brain volume was significantly smaller in the group with early-onset disease ('cases') relative to the control group (4.5%), especially for the left hemisphere in males (6.0%). A significant sex x diagnosis interaction in hemisphere asymmetry revealed that the female cases group had significantly reduced rightward asymmetry relative to the female control group and that the male cases tended to have reduced leftward asymmetry relative to the male control group. Decreased left hemisphere volume in males and decreased rightward hemispheric asymmetry in females correlated with reduced IQ. Conclusions Sexually dimorphic alterations in asymmetry correlate with degree of intellectual impairment in early-onset schizophrenia.


The effects of the montmorillonite clay surface modified with 25-30 wt% octadecylamine (clay) on mechanical and morphological properties of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/ ethylene-octene copolymer (EOC)/clay composites were investigated. The composites of blends of PMMA/EOC with clay were prepared by melt mixing in an internal mixer. The results showed that the Young's modulus of the composites increased with increasing clay content. The ratio of PMMA and EOC was 80/20 by weight and the clay content was 3 and 5 phr. The results showed Young's modulus of the composites increased with increasing clay content. While the impact strength, tensile strength and percent strain at break of the composites decreased with increasing clay content. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the droplet of dispersed EOC phase in PMMA matrix was changed to the elongated structure after adding clay.


For many decades, integration of concentrated solar power (CSP) and desalination relied solely on the use of conventional steam Rankine cycles with thermally based desalination technologies. However, CSP research focus is shifting toward the use of supercritical CO2 Brayton cycles due to the significant improvement in thermal efficiencies. Here, we present a techno-economic study that compares the generated power and freshwater produced from a CSP system operated with a Rankine and Brayton cycle. Such a study facilitates co-analysis of the costs of producing both electricity and water among the other trade-off assessments. To minimize the levelized cost of water (LCOW), a desalination facility utilizing multi-effect distillation with thermal vapor compression (MED/TVC) instead of multistage flash distillation (MSF) is most suitable. The techno-economic analysis reveals that in areas where water production is crucial to be optimized, although levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) values are lowest for wet-cooled recompression closed Brayton cycle (RCBR) with MSF (12.1 cents/kWhe) and MED/TVC (12.4 cents/kWhe), there is only a 0.35 cents/kWhe increase for dry-cooled RCBR with MED/TVC to a cost of 12.8 cents/kWhe. This suggests that the best candidate for optimizing water production while minimizing both LCOW and LCOE is dry-cooled RCBR with MED/TVC desalination.


Abstract The nonlinear interactions of coupled nanowires are regarded as important phenomena in the data processing of integrated photonic circuits. In this paper, we investigate the nonlinear coupling of two silver nonlinear coupled plasmonic nanowires for TM00 and TM10 modes under different amplitudes in the presence of the Kerr effect; in the other case, the medium has the Kerr and two photon absorption (TPA) effect too. The results show that in the presence of the TPA effect, the nonlinear optical effects appear in lower input amplitudes than the Kerr effect. The Kerr effect occurs in upper intensities than the TPA effect; also, the nonlinear optical effect leads to the decrease of the exchange of plasmonic waves between two nanowires. The coupling length (Lc), which means the characteristic length of the structure has a lower coupling distance and through propagating in the medium the transfer of the wave is complete, in the TM00 mode is lower than that in the TM10 mode. Also, the results show that for different values of the initial amplitudes of field in a fixed value of Lc, the coupling efficiency is increased with raising the value of intensity.


The rise in the competition on the insurance market caused, that the quality had become a fundamental factor of getting the competitive majority, appointing the market item of an insurance company. It is tied up not only with the constant update and making rich the offer of insurance plants, as getting to know of both meeting the need by them and expectations customers what is affecting for raising the quality of provided services. Concentrated action on the improvement in the quality must include a lot of elements. But in order to reach it, we must answer to the question, what customer is and what his needs are? It is worthwhile emphasizing that the customer is just defining it value of the product or the service. The customer is shaping his idea of the company and qualities of services provided by her mainly during the purchase of insurance and during the liquidation damage. Analysis and the attempt of the evaluation of insurance services offered to the quality are a purpose of the article on the example of the Insurance Company


A fundamental theorem of direct blind separation of independent non-Gaussian signals with dynamic channels is presented. Roughly, it states that blind signal separation is achieved if and only if the output signals are temporally uncorrelated and pairwise independent. This condition is simple enough to be adaptable by a neural network.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: method includes supplying diluted flow of ethylene, which contains between 5 and 50 wt % of ethylene; supplying benzol flow, containing,at least 3 wt % of toluol and, at least, 20 wt % of paraffins; interaction of diluted ethylene flow and benzol flow with catalyst of alkylation, which contains UZM-8; and conversion of, at least, 20% of benzol in raw material flow into alkylbenzol. Invention also relates to device for alkylation of benzol with ethylene. EFFECT: application of claimed invention makes it possible to eliminate application of reformate by fractionation column, which leads to essential exploitation and financial savings. 10 cl, 3 ex, 3 dwg


OBJECTIVE
To observe microscopic characteristics of rhizome of Alpinia kwangsiensis, Alpinia platychilus, Alpinia blepharocalyx, and to provide basis for their identification.

METHODS
Microscopic identification of root transverse section by paraffin tissue section and free-hand section and powder were carried out to distinguish them.

RESULTS
The microscopic identification can be made by cell structure of epidermis and endodermis, the existence of nonglandular hair, the lignification degree of vascular bundle fiber, the number and existence style of vascular bundle fiber, the number and size of tube, and so on. The powder identification can be made mainly according to the existence of nonglandular hair and spiral vessel, the shape of starch grain, and so on.

CONCLUSION
The microscopic characteristics of rhizome can provide basis for the identification of three Alpinia species.


The authors report the findings from an international survey of over 200 people into intimacy at work, which shows that for many, intimacy at work is not a problem as long as it is handled well. They look at the possible interventions in managing the impact of intimacy at work and find that it is difficult to effectively regulate such a personal area, guidelines for managers need to be specific to the organisation to reflect the culture.


This study analyzes the modulation of planetary waves associated with the Eurasian pattern–one of the dominant teleconnection patterns seen over northern Eurasia in the 32 boreal winter–through composite analyses using JRA-55 to reveal its dynamic 33 mechanism, including wave-mean flow interaction. 34 From the viewpoint of deviation from climatological flow, the Eurasian pattern is known 35 as a stationary Rossby wave teleconnection type with an equivalent barotropic structure 36 and action centers over northern Europe, mid-western Siberia, and Japan. However, from 37 the viewpoint of deviation from zonal average, the Eurasian pattern modulates the 38 planetary wave activities which include the East Asian winter monsoon as one component. 39 In the positive phase of the Eurasian pattern, corresponding to the enhanced Asian 40 monsoon, the upward and eastward propagation of the planetary wave from the Central 41 Eurasia to the North Pacific in the troposphere is enhanced, compared to that of the 42 climatology. The baroclinic energy conversion from the zonal mean to the deviation from 43 that over East Asia contributes to the amplified planetary wave. The enhanced upward 44 and eastward propagating planetary wave converges in the upper troposphere, thereby 45 causing anomalous extratropical direct circulation and cold outflow toward the lower mid- 46 latitude troposphere. These results indicate that the Eurasian pattern is one of the global 47 dynamic modes related primarily to the planetary wave activities.


An initio calculations have been used to study the relative stabilities of various conformations in the tetrameric cyclic (RSeN) 4 and (R 2 PN) 4 systems. The stability of the tub conformer has been rationalized on the basis of electronic and electrostatic interactions. The orientation of the p π orbitals of the nitrogen atoms is crucial to the stability of these ring systems. Compared to other conformers, the tub conformer allows the maximum number of d orbitals of the Se or P atoms to participate in the π delocalization


Effects of feeding on longevity, reproduction and overwintering were examined in female adults of the wasp, Ooencyrtus nezarae, an egg parasitoid of phytophagous heteropterans. There were no significant differences in longevity among females fed on honey, glucose, galactose or sucrose, although fecundity was significantly higher in females fed on honey than those fed on these sugars. Lactose was less nutritious with respect to both longevity and fecundity. Most females fed on extrafloral nectar of Vicia angustifolia and some of them laid eggs after feeding on it only once. Most or all females fed on honeydew of the aphid, Aphis craccivora, and flower nectar of Erigeron annuus, and some females laid eggs when one of these foods was continuously supplied. Some females began to feed on flower nectar of Solidago altissima within 15 min after the flowers were supplied. When this food was continuously supplied, all females laid eggs and their fecundity was not significantly different from that of females feeding on honey. Therefore, these 4 foods may be natural foods of O. nezarae. However, when kept from autumn under natural photoperiod and temperature with aphid honeydew or flowers of E. annuus or S. altissima, no females survived the winter.


Walnut green husk contains abundant types of secondary metabolites with antibacterial activity against fungi.Using walnut green husk as raw materials and organic solvent(ethanol,petroleum ether,butanol or ethyl acetate) as extraction regent,walnut green husk extracts was obtained and their inhibition effect on selected yeasts(Penicillium,Trichoderma,Malassezia and athlete's foot fungus) were investigated.Results showed that walnut green husk contained several kinds of active ingredients,such as juglone,polysaccharides and flavonoids.The concentration of each component in the extract was determined by spectrophotometer.Walnut green husk extracts by different solvents showed inhibitory effect on yeast,Penicillium and Trichoderma.Ethanol(95%) extracts of walnut green husk had significant inhibitory effect on athlete's foot fungus with inhibitory rate being of 59.64%.Butanol walnut green husk extract had inhibitory effects on the athlete's foot fungus and Malassezia.Comparative analysis of the anti-fungal activity and concentrations of active substances in walnut green husk extracts showed that juglone was the main active components in walnut green husk extracts.


This paper has a synchronic/diachronic nature and aims at describing and characterizing variation of the complement [de + infinitive]~[Ø + infinitive] in five periods of Portuguese language, i.e., archaic Portuguese, classical Portuguese, 17th century Portuguese, 18th century Portuguese, and modern contemporary Portuguese. By means of data analysis from these five periods, it was possible to identify internal factors of the adjacency/non-adjacency, class of verbs, verbal tense, verbal mode, and grammatical person that bear the relationship of infinitive complementation in Portuguese. To accomplish the task, first we started investigating from the present period to the past period, returning afterwards to the present period like Labov (1972b) and making use of the software WordSmith Tools to analyse the data quantitatively. The description of the variable infinitive behaviour and their conditioning factors in each of the analysed synchrony was made. We verified that the phenomenon occurs in all phases of Portuguese language. This phenomenon is more recurrent in archaic phase, which is justified by the high rate of rupturing elements that are presented there. Diachronically, we verified that [de + infinitive]~[Ø + infinitive] is stable, and throughout Portuguese history it is conditioned by a specific structural context, adjacency/non-adjacency, as well as by a certain class of verbs, here labeled as modal transitive verbs. We also observed that the number of regent verbs as well as prepositional infinitive structures decrease throughout time, but they do not disappear.


The volatile compounds in Hutongfang Beijing-style sauce chicken were extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction(SDE) method and determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Totally 84 volatile flavor compounds were identified,including 9 groups: 4 hydrocarbons,19 aldehydes,10 ketones,1 ethers,12 alcohols,11 acids,4 ester,5 phenols and 16 nitrogen-or sulfur-containing or heterocyclic compounds,accounting for 0.325 %,52.262 %,0.929 %,0.150 %,1.995 %,39.117 %,0.408 %,0.345 %,and 4.468 % of the total amount of volatile compounds,respectively.Meanwhile,we also found that aldehydes,nitrogen-or sulfur-containing compounds and heterocyclic compounds were the main flavor compounds of Hutongfang Beijing-style sauce chicken.


In India with a seismic moderate zone, the equivalent static force method to estimate the seismic force, subsequent vulnerability and behaviour o RC building under seismic load is inadequate. From past seismic tremors, it is seen that on the off chance that the structures are not appropriately examined and developed with required quality, then it may lead to great destruction and loss to human lives. It has been demonstrated that numerous structures are completely or halfway harmed because of the quake. This reality was never disregarded while plan of multi-story structures by the basic specialists, scientists to guarantee wellbeing against tremor powers while erection. In this Project seismic reaction of a private G+10 RC outline building is breaking down by the direct examination methodologies of Equivalent Static Lateral Force and Response Spectrum techniques utilizing Stadd Pro Ultimate software according to the Seems to be 1893-2002-Part-1. These analyses are carried out by considering different seismic zones. A substitute response like lateral force, story drift, displacements, base shear are plotted to think about the consequences of the static and dynamic investigation.


This article focuses on a research whose objective was to understand the meanings of diagnosis of students for their families and teachers, starting from the existential phenomenological perspective. The guiding question of the investigation was: how do mothers and teachers understand the diagnoses attributed to their children / students? There was also the interest in the in-depth study of a case in which, despite certain people's expectations, the students' diagnosis was absent. The research was developed in a Municipal Elementary School (EMEF) in the city of São Paulo, where participatory observations and systematic meetings of the researcher and school team occurred, characterizing the research as participatory, interventional and dialogical. Its focus was to understand the narratives of these teachers and mothers, created from reflective interviews and the notion of constellations. It was revealed that the diagnosis plays an important role in that it gives security to teachers and mothers in their interventions and daily actions with children with special educational needs; on the other hand, the research has brought to the fore that in the face of the diagnosis understood as the scientific nomination of an existence the narrative about this child inevitably goes through its nosological picture, whereas those children who have not received a diagnosis are presented in a complex way based on many of their characteristics and on their potential.


Agaricus bisporus polysaccharides (ABP) were extracted by complex enzyme-assisted extraction methodology. The following were optimal conditions for the extraction of crude ABP: complex enzyme amount, 2.2%; temperature, 62°C; time, 3 h; and pH, 4. Under these conditions, the experimental yield of crude ABP was 6.87%. The crude ABP was purified by diethylaminoethyl-cellulose 52 chromatography and Sephadex G-100 chromatography, and one fraction-namely, ABP-1-was produced. The ABP-1 contained 93.67% carbohydrate, 1.46% protein, and 0.62% uronic acid. The constituent monosaccharides were predominantly glucose, galactose, mannose, and xylose. The antioxidant activities of ABP-1 were investigated by measuring its scavenging ability on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and hydroxyl radicals, its ferric-reducing activity power, and the reducing power assay. At a concentration of 1.2 mg/mL, ABP-1 seemed to possess good free radical scavenging activity, with a scavenging value of about 56%. The results indicate that ABP-1 has good antioxidant activity.


Introduction. Marine aquatic organisms, especially with nutritional value, accumulate pollutants from the environment and therefore must be constantly monitored for toxic elements content. Mercury, even in inorganic form and in sub-lethal amounts, is a risk factor for aquatic biota.
The aim of the work is to measure mercury concentrations in the tissues of the Black Sea gobies; identification of species accumulating mercury to a greater or lesser extent, as well as intraspecific features of mercury accumulation.
Material and methods. Muscles, liver and gills of Black Sea goby fish (round goby Neogobius melanostomus, niger-goby Gobius niger, knout goby Mesogobius batrachocephalus, caught in 2019–2020) were used as material for the study of mercury concentration. The population parameters of the fish caught in the bays of the Sevastopol were analyzed, and then the organs were prepared for the study of the mercury content in them using the atomic absorption method. Food objects were also examined using a binocular microscope.
Results and discussion. Mercury was detected in all analyzed samples, but the concentrations observed in fish tissues are below the legal level of sanitary and hygienic standards for marine fish (0.5 mg/kg). The average concentrations of mercury in the liver of different species of gobies exceeded the concentration of mercury in the gills, with the exception of the round goby. On average, the knout goby accumulates more mercury than the round goby and the black goby. In M. batrachocephalus, unlike other species of Gobiidae, a correlation was found between age and mercury concentration in fish organs: high correlation in muscles (0.7 < r = 0.75), significant r — in gills and liver. The connection between the standard length of species analyzed and the concentration of mercury is characterized as: middle — in the gills, high — in the liver. The revealed differences in the cumulative capacity of the objects studied are associated with different nutritional preferences. Almost all the intestines of the toad (knout) goby at the time of capture were empty, which indicates a faster digestion of food objects, as well as the coincidence of the time of capture with a long starvation associated with spawning and protection of eggs laying. Consequently, in this species, the main "load" falls on the gills, which indicates the route of toxicant entry into the body mainly through respiration, and not through food chains. In round goby, the toxicant studied, on the contrary, enters through food objects — bivalve mollusks. The black goby has the widest food spectrum; values of mercury content, comparable with other species of Gobiidae, are associated with the natural accumulation of the toxicant (with age), partial ingress of mercury through food chains.
Conclusion. Mercury concentrations in different tissues of gobies did not exceed the legal standard for marine fish. The average values of mercury concentration in the liver of different gobies exceeded those in the gills, with the exception of N. melanostomus. On average, the toad goby accumulates more mercury than other species of Gobiidae. A relationship was found between the standard length of the goby and the concentration of mercury: in the gills — moderate, in the liver — significant. The studied fish species can be considered as suitable indicators of mercury pollution in the Sevastopol bays.
Limitations. When studying the level of mercury accumulation in the tissues of the Black Sea gobies from the coastal zone of the Sevastopol, 137 samples, and at ichthyological analyze — 190 round goby, 50 knout goby, 20 niger goby were done, which is a sufficient sample volume to describe the degree of toxicity of different fish tissues, as well as the mechanisms of mercury accumulation.


In this paper,combining the effort in building the tobacco IOT for the tobacco industry and establishing the on-site management practice for tobacco distribution centers,we have constructed an IT platform for the on-site management of tobacco commerce enterprises based on the Internet of Things technology.


Aspergillus fumigatus is a fungus that is associated with life‐threatening pulmonary infections. Unfortunately, current antifungal drugs to treat this infection are limited, making the search for novel molecular targets a high priority. A. fumigatus has an intracellular stress response pathway known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), which is key to its ability to cause infection. Inhibitors of the human UPR pathway have been developed, but are untested on A. fumigatus. Here, the ability of STF 083010 and toyocamycin, human UPR inhibitors, to inhibit the corresponding fungal UPR pathway and reduce the fitness of A. fumigatus was tested. Culturing of A. fumigatus in the presence or absence of the compound under conditions that require UPR intervention demonstrated that toyocamycin did not affect the fungus, whereas STF 083010 inhibits colony growth and is fungistatic. Additionally, STF 083010 increases the toxicity of ER stress agents and cell wall damaging agents, and it also prevents the fungus from utilizing polymeric substrates. Finally, the ability of STF 083010 to inhibit the induction of UPR target genes by a strong stimulus was examined by qPCR. The results demonstrate that STF 083010 blocks the ability of DTT to induce the expression of hacAi and bipA, indicating suppression of the fungal UPR. These results provide the first evidence that pharmacologic inhibition of the UPR pathway is feasible in A. fumigatus, and that the loss of fitness by STF 083010 could be a novel approach to antifungal therapy.


34 Background: BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is associated with a poor prognosis and limited clinical data. Based on results from the BEACON CRC trial, targeted treatment with encorafenib plus cetuximab (E+C) is available as a standard of care for these patients (pts) after prior systemic therapy. Since data from controlled clinical trials are based on a selected patient population, the non-interventional study (NIS) BERING CRC observes a broader patient population in clinical practice. Methods: BERING CRC is the first NIS investigating the use of E+C in clinical practice of BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC treatment after prior systemic therapy in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. For the present analysis, disease characteristics and treatment data of the initial 81 pts were documented in 44 sites across Germany and Austria between 09/2020 and 04/2022. BERING-CRC is ongoing and aims to enroll up to 300 pts from 126 German, Austrian, and Swiss sites. The study observes pts treated according to the approved respective Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC). The primary endpoint is the 1-year overall survival rate. Secondary endpoints include efficacy, QoL, and tolerability of E+C. Results: 81 pts were included in this baseline analysis. Median age was 67 years (range 34-88) and 48% were female. 48 pts (59%) were documented with right-sided tumors and for 62% stage IV disease was noted at initial diagnosis. In the metastatic setting, main sites of metastasis were liver, peritoneum, and lung (52%, 32%, and 22% of pts, respectively), with 16% of pts having ≥ 3 sites documented. For 30% of pts, an ECOG performance status (PS) of 0 was documented at baseline assessment (57% ECOG PS 1 or 2). Adjuvant treatment was reported for 22 pts while relapse ≤ 6 months was documented for 10 of them. Consistent with BEACON CRC, adjuvant systemic therapy with relapse within ≤6 months was counted as metastatic 1st line treatment. 91% of pts with adjuvant treatment received chemotherapy alone in this setting. 4 pts (5%) were documented with E+C treatment directly following adjuvant therapy and 55% of all pts with documented first-line treatment (69 pts) received chemotherapy alone (CT), for 35% chemotherapy was combined with targeted therapy (CT+TT), 3% received immunotherapy, and 1% received TT alone. In second-line, 71% of pts with documented treatment received E+C (7% CT, 16% CT+TT). An initial bi-weekly cetuximab dosing was reported for 10% of pts treated with E+C. Conclusions: While the high number of pts with right-sided tumors was in line with previous findings on BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC pts, synchronous metastasis was reported considerably more often in this real-world cohort. As complementation to previous controlled clinical trial data, pts enrolled in BERING-CRC were notably older and presented with higher ECOG PS compared to the pivotal study. Clinical trial information: NCT04673955 .


This article is a synthesis and analysis of the locally produced pottery recovered from excavations in Saxon Chichester. The context of Saxon Chichester from an archaeological and historical viewpoint and the pottery is discussed in detail. Descriptions of locally identified fabrics are presented along with discussion of their relationship to each other and pottery from other Saxon settlements in Sussex and Hampshire. The pottery is then discussed in relation to production, distribution, use and chronology, placing it in its local and regional context. by Ben Jervis ◆


In this paper, based on the physical analogy between processes in elastic-dynamic and electrical systems, a mathematical model of binary structuring of the additive parameter is developed on the basis of the golden ratio of the ratio of the divided parts. It is shown that the direct consequence of the use of binary software structuring is the generation of the Fibonacci sequence. For electrodynamic systems of the Newtonian type, a method for calculating the limits values of the mean and the dispersion of the probabilistic distribution of the Fibonacci additive parameters that are binary structured according to the golden ratio.


Research for design concept of pyrotechnic separation nut has been carried out prior to design a pyrotechnic separation nut with resettability and reduced pyroshock which may cause damage to surrounding structures. As a reference, previously proposed separation nut design has been investigated and based on the investigation, possible design parameters are determined. Equations of motion for combustion gas and components is derived and analysis framework has been established with those.


Ecological deterioration, uncertain socioeconomic conditions and ideological goal sets, «information boom», the influence of hostile environment (spreading of drug abuse and alcoholism) and, as a consequence, constant breaking of life patterns resulted in the decrease of physical, mental, social and moral, health of the Russians. In this context physical education of young students is meant to play a special role in training the physically and spiritually healthy, socially and professionally competent, creatively active and mobile, responsible and tolerant personality capable of self-development at any phase of life. But formation of the personality physical culture as a programmatically set purpose of university physical education often lacks subjective personal senses for young people due to isolation of the gnosiological plan of awareness from the ontological one, the motivation to healthy way of life activates only when health is being lost. Besides, conservative forms and directive methods of physical education are unfavourable for the attitude of young people to physical culture occupations, far from stimulating their interest in voluntary motor activity. Meanwhile, nowadays sports culture and sports lifestyle is getting very popular in the youth subculture as health formative, dynamic, interactive, emotionally and aesthetically attractive style of self-expression in vital activity via mass sport, focused on physical and spiritual self-perfection and organization of active leisure. Nowadays the quality of students' physical education can be increased by constructing and constantly enriching sports environment of educational institution, ensuring conditions and capacities for formation of sports lifestyle of young people.


Self-adaptive systems offer several attack surfaces due to the communication via different channels and the different sensors required to observe the environment. Often, attacks cause safety to be compromised as well, making it necessary to consider these two aspects together. Furthermore, the approaches currently used for safety and security analysis do not sufficient take into account the intermediate steps of an adaptation. Current work in this area ignores the fact that a self-adaptive system also reveals possible vulnerabilities (even if only temporarily) during the adaptation. To address this issue, we propose a modeling approach that takes into account the different relevant aspects of a system, its adaptation process, as well as safety hazards and security attacks. We present several models that describe different aspects of a self-adaptive system and we outline our idea of how these models can then be combined into an Attack-Fault Tree. This allows modeling aspects of the system on different levels of abstraction and co-evolve the models using transformations according to the adaptation of the system. Finally, analyses can then be performed as usual on the resulting Attack-Fault Tree.CCS CONCEPTS• Software and its engineering → System description languages; Fault tree analysis; • Computer systems organization → Embedded and cyber-physical systems; Dependable and fault-tolerant systems and networks.


Concepts serve critical functions in science, through their descriptive powers and as the building-blocks of theory. When concepts are undeveloped, therefore, science suffers. Philosophical understanding of concepts, however, is relatively limited in most scientific disciplines, including management. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to review the literature on concepts. It begins by establishing the link between concepts and science. It then highlights the lack of emphasis on concepts in the management discipline. It continues by discussing the role of concepts and cognition. Finally, it defines and discusses the different philosophies of concepts.


We propose a simple but rigorous stochastic volatility – stochastic correlation model, formulated as a pair of correlated CIRCEV and Jacobi processes. Our model proves to fit both marginal and joint distributions of implied volatility and correlation. When risk factors estimated from derivatives markets are accounted for, we show the model out-performance over GBM is substantial for index returns.


AbstractThe image and the idea of the garden play a prominent role in both Klee's paintings and in his theoretical work. The purpose of this paper is to ask about the significance of gardens for Klee. In the end, I argue that the garden provides an image of growth and of place that opens possibilities for understanding the human place in the world.


A new Front-End board for the RPC detector of the CMS experiment at LHC is described. It houses two Front-End chips and the Front-End controller, which includes the Synchronization Unit. Its aim is to amplify the delta-like detector signals, ranging from 20 fC to 20 pC, generate fast output pulses and synchronize them with the LHC clock.


After modification with sulfuric acid, glycyrrhiza residue was used as biosorbent for Pb2+ ion. The physical structure and chemical properties of the glycyrrhiza residue before and after modification were characterized using a variety of analytical instruments and methods, such as scanning electron microscopy(SEM), FT-IR and the surface functional group titration. The effects of initial Pb2+ concentration, adsorption time and solution p H on the adsorption efficiency of the studied biosorbent for Pb2+ were also investigated. The results indicate that after modification, the surface structure of glycyrrhiza residue is changed and the number of surface active groups also increases accordingly. When the solution p H is 5.5 and the initial concentration of Pb2+ ion is 1 mmol·L-1, the adsorption percentage is 97.43% after 90 min adsorption. Equilibrium can be well described by Langmuir isotherms and adsorption can be fitted by a fit pseudo-second order kinetic model. According to the Langmuir equation, the maximum adsorption capacities of modified products for Pb2+ is 1.2 mmol·g-1, which is higher than that of haven't modified glycyrrhiza residue(0.08 mmol·g-1). The modified products were regenerated using HCl solution and could be used repeatedly for five times with little loss of adsorption capacity.


Present investigations were aimed at estimating the genetic parameters and character's association in forty maize genotypes. The PCV was higher in magnitude than GCV for almost all the traits except for root density which showed greater value of GCV than PCV. Heritability estimates were also higher in all the traits and highest hretability was shown for chlorophyll content. Path coefficient analysis revealed that the fresh shoot length had maximum direct effect on fresh root length followed by root density, dry shoot weight, leaf temperature and dry root weight. It may be concluded that fresh root length, dry shoot weight, root density, leaf temperature and dry root weight are the characters which contribute largely to the fresh shoot length of maize seedlings. These traits had reasonable heritability estimates, thus selection could be made for high yielding maize genotypes on the basis of these traits. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jas.v9i1.6352 The Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2014, vol.9, no1 : 37-43


General cutter-location post-processing system can not generate the NC instruction for parallel machine tool because of its special structure. We developed a Pro/E post-processing system based on parallel machine tool for solving the problem of programming difficulty for parallel machine tool. The post-processing procedures and related algorithm are given.


The study was carried out to analyse the profitability of okra production among small holder okra farmers in Akinyele local government area, Oyo state. Multi-stage and purposive sampling technique was used in data collection. A total of 75 respondents were sampled. Statistical tools such as frequency distribution, production function and budgetary analysis were used in analyzing the data for this study. The result shows that most of the respondents were male (90.7 %) and married (73.3%). The major problems faced by the respondents in the study area include, inadequate transport facilities, weather condition and high cost of input. The estimated costs and return of Okro producers realized per okra farmer per annum were N161,137.00 and N 77,317.76 respectively. Okra farming is lucrative in the study area with profitability index of 56.38 and a rate of return on investment of 117.50% and operating cost ratio of 38.59%.


The occurrence of stinkbug Piezodorus hybneri (Gmel.) was recorded for the first time on mung bean, Vigna radiata and the biology of P. hybneri were studied in comparison with a similar species Nezara viridula (L.) at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. Female P. hybneri laid 18 to 48 eggs typically in two rows with an average of 36.7 ± 10.6 eggs, which measures 1.0 x 0.7 mm. The egg period was 3 to 4 days with five nymphal instars and the total duration last for 23 to 28 days. The shield shaped adults were medium sized, (8 to l0 mm long and 5.0 to 6.0 mm in width) with a significant reddish brown band in the anterior margin of the scutellum. Female N. viridula laid about 69 to 120 eggs in a hexagonal shape with an average of 96.2 ± 16.7 eggs. The eggs were pale yellow or cream colour at oviposition and turned pinkish before hatching. There were five nymphal instars with the duration of 31 to 36 days. Adults of N. viridula were shield shaped with bright green colour. The total life cycle of 45 to 51 days for N. viridula and 38 to 42 days for P. hybneri was observed.


Submitted for the MAR08 Meeting of The American Physical Society Weak interfaces for UV cure nanoimprint lithography FRANCES HOULE, ANN FORNOF, IBM Almaden Research Center, EVA SIMONYI, IBM TJ Watson Research Center, DOLORES MILLER, HOA TRUONG, IBM Almaden Research Center — Nanoimprint lithography using a photocurable organic resist provides a means of patterning substrates with a spatial resolution in the few nm range. The usefulness of the technique is limited by defect generation during template removal, which involves fracture at the interface between the template and the newly cured polymer. Although it is critical to have the lowest possible interfacial fracture toughness (Gc less than 0.1 Jm-2) to avoid cohesive failure in the polymer, there is little understanding on how to achieve this using reacting low viscosity resist fluids. Studies of debonding of a series of free-radical cured polyhedral silsesquioxane crosslinker formulations containing selected reactive diluents from fluorosilane-coated quartz template materials will be described. At constant diluent fraction the storage modulus of cured resists follows trends in initial reaction rate, not diluent Tg. Adhesion is uncorrelated with both Tg and storage modulus. XPS studies of near-interface compositions indicate that component segregation within the resist fluid on contact with the template, prior to cure, plays a significant role in controlling the fracture process. Frances Houle IBM Almaden Research Center Date submitted: 26 Nov 2007 Electronic form version 1.4


ABSTRACT With the significant increase in the number of motorized vehicles and no reduction in the number of old vehicles resulting in accumulation of vehicle flows that occur at certain times and hours, usually the accumulation occurs at times when there is a rising and returning flow that occurs simultaneously in accordance with the activities of most communities such as go to work or to market, time off and time off from work. The data that becomes the input of research apart from primary information data which will be processed are also types of secondary information data, and secondary information data, which is used in the form of information on geometric road conditions. From the results of calculations that have been obtained by processing the primary data, the maximum number of vehicles is found on the kilometer 8 road section at 12.00 - 13.00 WIB with the number of vehicles 530 pcu / hour. From the calculation that has been obtained by processing the primary data from the survey results, it is known that the road segment capacity is 1757.52 pcu / hour. So it is known that the level of service (Level of Service) on the side of the road side of the road, kilometers 6 to kilometers 8, is 0.3, which is included in the category range 0.01 - 0.7, namely the service condition is very good, where the vehicle can run smoothly. Keywords: Congestion, Side Barriers, Road Service Level


Seven years records on fatal and serious accidents for the coal mining industry of Pakistan were obtained and statistically analyzed to assess the danger associated with groundfall accidents. In addition a sample of 350 inquiry reports over the same period was also reviewed to find all possible correlation between groundfall accidents and the important variables such as, job and age of the accident victim; place of accident; work being done at the place of accident and a part of the body injured in case of a serious accident. Coal cutters/ face workers received 71% of all fatal and 68% of all serious groundfall accidents. Around 71% of all groundfall accidents were occurred at or near the working places. A rise in the trend of fatal ground fall accidents is also noted after 1987. Coal cutting was found to be the most dangerous work being done in terms of groundfall accidents as compared to all other categories. Around 495 of all serious injuries occurred due to groundfall accidents and foot injuries were found to be the most dominant amongst parts of the body injured. Inadequate support in underground working areas and lack of proper training to miners to recognise groundfall hazards were found to be the most important factors for high rate of these accidents.


The large DC machine is main equipment in enterprise. We must monitored control the large DC machine because the load heavy, environment bad and maintenance hard as well as damaged machine as a result of accident suddenly. On-line monitoring and diagnosis system based on vibration and electrical parameters for the large DC machine is presented in this paper and gave some diagnostic examples.


Active Implantable Medical Devices (AIMDs) are essentially complex electronic systems which have to be surgically introduced inside the human body for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. To ensure a good coexistence between the implant and the biological organism, a key role is played by the package. This thesis project deals with the design of a 3D printed polymeric package for medical electronic implants. The package is in direct contact with the living body environment and for this purpose, it must be hermetic and biocompatible. Since any living body implant site constitutes a wet environment, it is fundamental to guarantee a good moisture barrier to protect the electronics inside the cavity and to ensure safety for the patient. To fabricate an implantable device encapsulation, typical materials adopted are titanium alloys, glass or ceramics. In recent years, the idea to exploit polymers for these tasks has become more and more attractive since polymers give the opportunity to extend the potentiality of an implant, bringing lots of benefits and lowering the manufacturing cost. Continuing along these lines, 3D printing additive technology has been exploited to fabricate a low cost polymeric package. Since the greatest challenge for a polymeric encapsulation is to ensure hermeticity, an in-situ humidity monitoring system has been developed to test its resistance against moisture ingress. Finally, accelerated life-time tests have been conducted to verify package suitability.


Recognizing the importance of variety synchronization in mass customization, this paper proposes to develop a product-process platform to address variety issues in design and production. A product-process platform consists of a generic product-process structure and the derivation of individual products and the corresponding processes. Two generic structures, including a generic product structure and a generic process structure, form the generic product-process structure through the material requirement links inherent in operations. The derivation of product and process variants exhibits an instantiation of the product-process platform with respect to particular variety parameters and their values. To synchronize variety effectively, variety parameters and their values are used to handle the coherence between product and process data. The paper discusses the principle and fundamental issues of a product-process platform. Also outlined are key techniques to address these issues.


Research into second language learning motivation (LLM) has recently proliferated in many directions reflecting a growing appreciation of its role in the learning of other languages. But despite the plethora of research in the field, researchers are still pondering the very basic questions which have perplexed pioneer researchers in the field. This paper sheds light on the complexity of the concept of LLM through examining its multifaceted aspects and through critically appraising the socioeducational model and other three sets of major theories that have been developed for the purpose of understanding how the concept works and what


This paper presents a characterization of internal Cournot equilibrium based on first-order conditions corresponding to profit maximization over prices. This characterization may yield significant computational advantage as demand functions need not be inverted and simple first-order conditions are obtained.


This chapter deals with three independent fundamental rights guaranteed by Art. 10 of the Grundgesetz (GG): privacy of correspondence, privacy of post, and privacy of telecommunications. Under Art. 10 GG, free development of personality is guaranteed through private communication shielded from the public. The fundamental right protects the confidentiality of individual communication and is intended to compensate for the reduction in privacy which goes along with use of these technologies. The chapter examines the Federal Constitutional Court's jurisprudence regarding the scope of protection for postal privacy, privacy of correspondence and telecommunications privacy, focussing on cases relating to eavesdropping devices, online search and data retention. It also considers the question of interference with the privacy of correspondence, posts, and telecommunications, along with the constitutional justification of such interferences.


Rebound weight gain is more often the rule than the exception and the reason may not be lack of willpower. Recent findings in the study of weight homeostasis have uncovered a host of orexigenic and anorexigenic hormones working to keep a stable healthy weight. When energy stores are depleted through dieting, overcompensation to replenish them often occurs. Overeating is one of the homeostatic responses. However, there are other involuntary responses to hunger that lower metabolism, reduce thyroid hormones, and produce fat cells. Traditional weight control advice to cut down on caloric intake may inadvertently trigger the compensatory mechanism that lead to rebound weight and yo-yo dieting. Tuning into homeostatic cues to prevent excessive hunger without getting too full is the hallmark of intuitive eating. Tips are given on how to eat intuitively in order to promote homeostasis. Supporting homeostasis will help keep weight stable and prevent weight cycling and rebound weight gain that often accompanies dieting. WEIGHT CYCLING THE RESULT OF DIETING Cyclic weight gain and loss (yo-yo dieting) is a common problem with potentially more negative health effects than overt obesity.1, 2, 3,4 The phenomenon of weight gain after weight loss is more common than keeping the weight off after a weight loss plan.5,6 The weight regain that often occurs may in part be responsible for the excess weight plaguing much of the developed and developing world.7,8 The dual existence of record numbers of dieters, and overweight individuals may not be the paradox it appears.9,10,11,12 Physiologic research is now uncovering reasons why the more most of these individuals diet the heavier they become. As health care providers concerned with the health of patients, advanced practice nurses (APN) might want to examine the standard for patient education around weight control.13 In light of two decades of discoveries in the field of weight homeostasis, the upshot appears to be that cutting down and eating less may be at the root of much yo-yo dieting and the excess weight seen in chronic dieters.14 This paper will examine the wisdom of this advice in light of the effects hunger has on the complex system of weight homeostasis. Finally, a step-by-step alternative that providers can give patients will be provided.


Lumbar spinal stenosis is a debilitating illness affecting middle-aged and elderly people. There are several imaging modalities available for use in affirming the diagnosis. The CT provides excellent osseous detail of osteophyte, fracture and location of bony abnormality and extension to adjacent soft tissue. New spiral CT technology allows multiplanar images to be obtained quickty and easily. Among these, multiplanar reconstruction computed tomography (MPR-CT) is the specific means to assess narrowed lumber spinal canal. This present work was done in order to evaluate the reliability of MPR-CT in diagnosing lumber spinal stenosis by correlation with operative finding.  From July to December 2002, MPR-CT was done on 10 patients and evaluated by a well-known radiologist. Seven patients were approached surgically and the remaining three treated medically. Subsequently, the following variables were analyzed: central canal stenosis, lateral canal stenosis, fornminal stenosis, dise herniation, nerve root compression, ligamentum flavum hypertrophy and spondylolisthesis.  The results of MPR-CT were in good correlation with finding from surgical exploration; the positive predictive values of central canal atenosis, lateral canal stenosis and foraminal stenosis were 77.7%, 75% and 50% respectively which were higher than those for disc herniation or nerve root compression. Typical claudication was found in 10% of the cases and the most common affected level was L4-L5.  Therefore, MPR-CT which composed of axial, coronal and sagittal views was shown to be an application imaging modality because of its reliability.


The discretization of second-order elliptic partial differential equations over three-dimensional rectangular regions, in general, leads to very large sparse linear systems. Because of their huge order and their sparseness, these systems can only be solved by iterative methods using powerful computers, e.g., vector supercomputers. Most of those methods are only attractive when used in combination with a so-called preconditioning matrix. Unfortunately, the more effective preconditioners, such as successive over-relaxation and incomplete decompositions, do not perform very well on most vector computers if used in a straightforward manner. In this paper it is shown how a rather high performance can be achieved for these preconditioners.


Plio-Pleistocene sediments of the Osaka, Kobiwako, and Tokai groups are among the most typical Quaternary sediments in Japan. The study of paleomagnetic chronostratigraphy of the volcanic ash embedded within these sediments was carried out by the present writer in collaboration with others [Ishida et al., 1969]. The results of this study show that the age of the paleoclimatological and paleontological episodes could be deduced from the correlation of its paleomagnetic data with the polarity time scale presented by Cox and Dalrymple [1967]. Lately, a method of identification of volcanic ash by thermomagnetic analysis was developed by Momose et al. [1968]. They carried out a series of thermomagnetic studies on ferromagnetic minerals taken from pumice-fall layers embedded within the Pleistocene tephra deposit, and reported that the thermomagnetic examination would be helpful for identification of pumice.


New market requirements have becoming more persistent through the introduction of new technologies that can lead the actual vehicle designs to reach very high safety standards, world class quality levels, reasonable production costs and schedule timing for product development, due new design features and introduction of new materials. To reach those targets, process integration, since the early concept development phases until the start of production, must provide a streamlined scalable environment that encompasses every step in the process from early feasibility to final validation. The experience in supplier process development in the last four years at Volkswagen in Brazil shows that the development of product and processes can be integrated and that the synergy effect of this integration can make it possible to develop mature products and install robust processes to produce them.


The title compound, C19H12N2O3, was prepared by the reaction of hydrazine and salicylaldehyde with 1,8-naphthoic anhydride in refluxing dimethylformamide. The structure is stabilized by an intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond and the crystal packing exhibits C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The dihedral angle formed by the benzene and naphthalimide systems is 175.9°.


Early in 1926, one of us (J. M. L.) had occasion to determine the amino nitrogen content of a number of blood samples from fasting pathological subjects. Among them were some diabetic cases under treatment with insulin. With only four or five exceptions, this latter group gave the lowest amino nitrogen values observed. Although there were factors other than insulin which may have contributed to the difference in group values between diabetics and non-diabetics, the results were sufficient to excite our curiosity, and to lead us to an examination of the effect of insulin upon the amino acid content of the blood. An examination of the literature revealed several points to which reference should be made. In the first place, we could find little agreement in the conclusions drawn by various authors with respect to the amino acid content of the blood of fasting diabetic subjects.


Taking the construction of sports training professional group in sports higher vocational colleges as an example, this paper discusses the integration of "higher vocational education" and "competitive sports" under the school running system of "school team integration" in sports higher vocational colleges from the perspective of resource integration, from the innovation of cooperation mechanism, the construction of double teacher team, the co construction and sharing of training base, the reform of teaching mode This paper analyzes the path to improve the resource agglomeration effect from the aspects of social services, which not only presents a new perspective on the connotation and value mining of "sports and education integration", but also provides an example for the construction, reform and practice of high-level professional groups of sports.


This is a discussion of research in the 'Schooled and Community numeracies' focus within the Leverhulme funded Low Educational Achievement in Numeracy Research Programme. The intentions of the research are to seek explanations for under-achievement in numeracy that derive from understandings of mathematics as social. We want to understand why some children engage easily with community numeracy practices yet struggle with schooled numeracies. We wish to investigate boundaries children face or which are constructed between home and schooled numeracy practices. The paper will consider some of the conceptual and methodological issues that have arisen in the research.


In this paper I will explore the relation between the tourist and the place visited drawing on my own fieldwork among Finnish tourists in many Mediterranean tourist destinations, like Athens and Rhodes in Greece and Bodrum in Turkey, as well as Gran Canaria in Spain and Aqaba in Jordan. I will show that the tourists' relations to the place visited varies very much. In some types of recreational mass tourism to beach resorts the local heritage or the spirit of place is of marginal importance. In other types of tourism, like cultural tourism to Athens, the importance of the place is central to the tourist experience and, thus, the journey can be described as a secular pilgrimage. In the paper I will from an emic perspective analyse the tourists' experiences and compare cultural tourism to beach tourism in order to cast light on the tourists' own experiences in both types. This analysis casts doubts on what could be called the "authenticity paradigm" in the anthropology and sociology of tourism. The aim of the paper is to enhance our understanding of different types of tourism, and especially to explore the tourists' experiences in both site-oriented (heritage, cultural) tourism and image-oriented (beach, recreation) tourism. Tourism to the Mediterranean region and the Canary Islands has become an integral part of modern Finnish culture, which is indicated by the adoption of special terms into the spoken language. Finns very often refer to their holiday destinations with the concept "etela" (=south) without clarifying more exactly what geographical place they are talking about. Common phrases are "kavimme etelassa lomalla" (we went to the south on our holiday), "lahden etelanmatkalle" (I will go to the south), etc. The concept "etela" is widely used also in tourism marketing, especially in newspaper advertisements, sometimes without any clear indications of where this "south" is. (SELANNIEMI 1994b; 1996). The difference between the destinations I studied as well as the tourists travelling to these destinations comes forth very clearly in the motives for choosing a certain destination. When I asked tourists in my field work destinations why they had chosen this one, only the tourists in Athens (67%) and Aqaba (46%) answered that


Trophic interactions among micro- and mesozooplankton were investigated in the Schelde estuary. Field populations of plankton were separated by selective filtrations (30 and 200 mm). Predation was measured by comparing ciliate and rotifer abundance in treatments with and without potential predators (cladocerans, cyclopids, the calanoid Eurytemora affinis and rotifers). To deal with variability in the data, a cross-calculation method using all replicates separately is proposed. In order to look for general trends in predation behaviour, the predation rates were ranked and analysed in relation to ranked characteristics of the potential prey: numerical abundance, growth rate, individual and population biomass. Cyclopids fed selectively on the ciliates having the highest population biomass and growth rates among the ciliate population. Cyclopids selected the least abundant rotifers. No trends were detected for cladocerans and E. affinis. As predators, rotifers selected the least abundant ciliates in spring. Although no general selectivity patterns for the predators studied can be drawn yet, the potential of the method employed is illustrated and discussed. Its main advantage is the possibility to extend the obtained data set with data from new experiments as well as with extant data on selectivity of the predators.


How did contemporary microeconomic theory emerge? Who were its chief architects? Conventional wisdom points largely to the work of Alfred Marshall (1842-1924) and his colleagues in England in the late nineteenth century. In this highly original and important contribution to the history of economic thought, Robert Ekelund and Robert Hebert convincingly argue that the intellectual tradition of microeconomic inquiry was initiated by members of the Corps des Ingenieurs des Ponts et Chaussees (French corps of state civil engineers), most notably Jules Dupuit (1804-66). Using documents previously unavailable in English, the authors present a cohesive and original picture of French economic thought that solidly documents the contributions of Dupuit and his colleagues. This is a seminal work about the foundations of modern microeconomics. "A very fine piece of work that provides material I have never seen before, is well written, and has undoubtable merits." William Baumol, C.V. Starr Center for Applied Economics, New York University "By bringing to the forefront the achievements of French engineer Jules Dupuit, this work changes our view of the history of microeconomics. "Secret Origin of Modern Microeconomics" is a commentary on our discipline's mythology of origins: it reminds us that, in the construction and maintenance of canonical authority, the recoginition of founding fathers requires simultaneous, often subtle, gestures of exclusion." Philippe Fontaine, ecole Normale Superieure de Cachan"


Introduction. Timing of management practices requires an understanding of pest population dynamics in given cropping systems. Our study was designed to establish the popula- tion trends of B. invadens in mango orchards and to determine if population fluctuations were reflected in fruit infestation levels during changes in mango phenology. Materials and methods. Bactrocera invadens flies were trapped weekly from February 2011 to November 2012, using methyl eugenol and DDVP (dichlorvos) insecticidal strips. Trapping was done in three mango orchards in the Luweero district of Uganda's Lake Victoria Crescent. Mango fruit samples were incubated for the retrieval of puparia to calculate positivity (proportion of fruits infested) and fruit infestation indices (number of puparia per kg of fruit) for each stage of fruit maturity. Results. Mean trap catches of adult B. invadens varied significantly over the months (range : ~11 flies per trap per day (FTD) to over 590 FTD; P ≤ 0.0001). During each year, infestations peaked during June-July and January-February. Trap catches were higher in the major fruiting sea- son compared with the minor fruiting season and were the highest when mango was at the physio- logical maturity and ripe stages. Fruit infestation and positivity were highest for fruit at the physiological maturity and ripe stages and lowest at the fruit set stage. Discussion. Our findings show that B. invadens is present year-round and all stages of mango fruit development are suscep- tible to attack. Thus, control measures should be implemented throughout the year and preferably started at fruit set to lessen fruit fly population build-up and damage to fruits. Uganda / Mangifera indica / fruits / phenology / integrated pest management / Tephritidae / Bactrocera invadens / population dynamics


Objective To study the correlation between mental health condition and life events of employees in different systems of ownership enterprise.Methods Random sampling was used to choose 100 subjects from the employees in the bankrupt enterprise,the state-owned enterprise,and the stock-company type enterprise of Jiaxing city.The symptom checklist-90(SCL-90) and the life events scale(LES) were applied in questionnaire surveys.Results A remarkable difference was found in the SCL-90 factor score,total score,and positive item number respectively among employees in the 3 groups( P 0.01); and no significant difference was found between employees in the state-owned enterprise and the stock-company type enterprise( P 0.05).In negative life events,significant defense was found among employees in the bankrupt enterprise,state-owned enterprise,and the stock-company type enterprise( P 0.01),and no significant difference was found between employees in the bankrupt enterprise and the state-owned enterprise( P 0.05).There was a positive correlation between SCL-90 total score-factor score and negative life event-life event total score( P 0.01).Conclusion The employees in the different system of ownership enterprises have different mental health conditions,which is closely related with the negative life event,so that it needs attention by the society,the government and the mental health workers.


Based on the analysis of problem in cold chain logistics, pointed personnel training of cold chain logistics is very important. The education system and the experiment condition were discussed. In the end, the effect of practice education was analyzed.


Introduction The question as to why people work has been answered in a remarkably consistent way in the history of economic thought. People, it has been argued, have only extrinsic motives for work. They work not because they have any desire to perform work for its own sake--indeed they are assumed to much prefer not to work at all--but rather because they wish to fulfill their consumption wants. Most economists have treated work as a functional activity, a necessary evil, rather than an end in its own right, and have given little attention to the possible intrinsic benefits of work. In terms of welfare economics, work has been viewed as important because of its contribution to the production of valuable output. Work matters, it seems, because it furnishes the things that people want to consume. Its role as a shaper of the personality and well-being of people has been somewhat neglected in standard welfare economics. It has been assumed that work is something that must be economized on if human happiness is to be improved upon but here the focus has been on the minimization of an activity (i.e., work) that is putatively devoid of any positive features. The disutility or irksomeness of work has been viewed as a fixed and unchanging feature of human life that is beyond the control of human action. Work, in short, has been seen by most economists as a means only. This article aims to highlight and explain the relatively narrow depiction of work within much of the economics literature. It takes a historical focus in tracing how the conceptualization of work has developed in economic thought. It also gives reasons for why many economists have painted work as an instrumental activity. It is argued that the neglect of work as a direct influence upon human welfare is no mere oversight, but rather has its roots in the conceptual and methodological as well as ideological apparatus adopted in much mainstream economic theory. The neglect of the activity of work is seen to have denied space for mainstream economists to engage with the full range of possibilities for progress in human well-being. In particular, it has resulted in a failure to identify the potential for workplace reform as a means to enhance the well-being of workers. The view that work is irredeemably irksome has brought about a resignation to the idea that human happiness lies with the promotion and achievement of a life of ease or leisure and has prevented the consideration of possible ways to enrich and enliven the work that is required to meet societal needs. The article also considers contributions on work from within the heterodox or non-mainstream economics literature, for example, Marxian and institutionalist. In contrast to mainstream perspectives, such contributions are able to explain the endogenous roots of peoples' preferences for work, and to articulate and advance a case for the achievement of more rewarding forms of work. The heterodox economics literature on work is drawn upon in order to identify flaws and weaknesses within past and present mainstream economic theorising on work. Happiness economics, as it contributes to the understanding of work, is one modern perspective that is singled out for criticism. Its reduction of well-being at work to the subjective feelings of individual workers is seen to create particular problems, and is judged as inferior to a more objective conception of the quality of work. The article argues for an alternative approach to the study of work that encompasses insights drawn from heterodox or nonmainstream economics. The following discussion is organized as follows. The next section offers an overview of the history of ideas on work in economics. The third section seeks to account for the marginalization of work by most economists. The fourth section deals with the consequences of this neglect. The fifth section examines more directly the conceptualization of work in non-mainstream economics. …


This article examines two works of autobiographical literature that are structured in fragmentary form and that engage explicitly with the formal and conceptual model of the encyclopaedia. One of the works, Roland Barthes's Roland Barthes par Roland Barthes (1975) is by a literary theorist, and the other, Amy Krouse Rosenthal's Encyclopedia of an Ordinary Life (2004) is by a popular mainstream columnist and broadcaster. Both works, despite a disparity of tone and material, display similar convictions about the utility of what I will call 'encyclopaedic autobiography' as a form. I argue that these autobiographical works allow us to reconceive not only of autobiography but of the question of what 'encyclopaedic literature' might be.


Strengthening, repair and retrofit of existing bridges using adhesively bonded fibre reinforced polymers (FRP) composites have attracted a great deal of attention over the past four decades. Despite numerous studies that have been conducted to evaluate the short-term behaviour of FRPs bonded to steel members, the subject of durability is by far less researched. To date, concerns about the long-term performance presents a major obstacle to the widespread application of FRPs in steel bridges. The aim of this work is to identify the most damaging environmental factors and to experimentally investigate the effects of them on mechanical behaviour of Carbon-FRP/steel joints. In this regards, after a review of the literature, both bulk material and bonded specimens were exposed to a number of aging scenarios and tested. The results indicate the deleterious effects of de-icing salts on joint strength by degrading the interlaminar shear strength of FRPs.


This research aims at formulating an effective policy proposal regarding the management of externalities in the upstream oil and gas sector in order to support sustainable development. The applied research instrument covers the economic value and Marginal Cost Control (MCC). The economic value is measured from the economic values of the follozving aspects: ecology, and social and economic factors, which are representing the negative externality value (external cost) that resulted from tlie production activities of oil and gas production activities. This economic value can be measured by a contingent valuation method and the market price approach. The result of this research shows that: (i) pollution and environmental impacts persist; (ii) in order to suppress the environmental impacts at the optimal level, the quantity of manageable waste gas has to be added for 1.2 billion SCF/year; (Hi) the alternative policy that can be applied is by levying environmental taxes on waste gas to the amount oflDR 0.6 /SCF, from which the collected fund is dedicated to environmental items, such as new pollution abatement technology, which is known as the earmarking process.


[Objective]To establish digitized visible model of the wrist joint.[Method]Coronal sect ional images of a series of 0.2 man-thick cryosecfions of wrist joint specimens were obtained.After registration and segmentation,the three-dimensional computerized reconstruction of the carpal bone and arch-ligament and its adjacent structures were performed on PC.[Result]For reconstructed Successfully 3D the structures model of wrist joint its adjacent 28 structures.This model can be displayed with single structure and its adjacent structures for wrist joint and can be displayed with several structures in different color and hyalinize.And it can be displayed from any direct ion.Moreover all structures can be measured through angle or line from any direction.[Conclusion]Three-dimensional reconstruction model of the wrist joint demonstrate the relation of anatomy between the carpal bone and ligament by poly-point of view and is meaningful for operations of the wrist joints.


The ratio between the stage equilibrium constants in the successive addition reactions of ICl molecules with the sulfides C/sub 4/H/sub 9/S(SC/sub 2/)/sub n/SC/sub 4/H/sub 9/ depends on the value of n. With n greater than or equal to 5, K/sub 1/:K/sub 2/ = 2, which agrees with the theoretically expected value for the case where there is no mutual influence of the reaction centers. The observed lowering of the frequency of the stretching vibration of ICl upon complex formation with bisulfides correlate with the enthalphy of formation of the complexes


Reports in the literature show that the dietary fatty acid (FA) composition is reflected in fish muscle, their internal organs and eggs. Fish eggs are used in toxicity tests to determine the subchronic toxicity of various substances. In toxicity tests, physico-chemical test parameters have been standardized. However, parental age and diet may also influence results of toxicity tests and if so would also require standardization. Our investigations hitherto indicate that the FA composition of eggs and testes in zebrafish is caused by the FA composition of fish diet. Diets with different ratios of n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids led to different contents of these FA in the reproductive organs and finally to variations in the fertilization rates. This rate is elevated in the eggs of zebrafish (Danio rerio Hamilton-Buchanan) if the quotient of n-3/n-6 is low.


Abstract Assessment of process stability is an important way to ensure high quality. There have been various approaches in the literature to assess process stability. We describe these methods and provide a minor modification of a previous approach, which we call the stability index (SI). We provide justification for the SI as a best practice for practitioners who assess process stability. We provide examples of the computation of the SI for various scenarios and show how the SI can be used in conjunction with capability indices in a process performance graph.


In order to reduce the overall noise level around an induction motor effectively, it is first necessary to understand the motor's many noise sources and how noise is transmitted from the motor. In addition, it must be understood how noise is additive and how the surrounding area will affect the overall noise level. Determining the noise level of a fully loaded motor is especially difficult when the ambient noise is louder than the motor. However, it is possible to estimate when the noise source and associated frequencies are understood. Only then can the proper recommendation be made as to what type of noise treatment, if any, to apply to the motor. Time and effort is better spent treating the equipment that is the Primary Source of the noise. ~ i ~ . 1 . View of a typical open motor that has the bars extended to act as fans.


Family is a basic social group, which influences one's life in all its stages. Through optimal fulfilment of functions which are imposed by society, it creates a safe environment for survival and development of family members. It is an essential factor in socializing and significantly affects the social functioning of its members. The family is also a dynamic system whose functioning operates a number of internal but also external factors. One of these factors is family income. The aim of our study is to investigate which dimensions and aspects of family functioning are threatened by living below the breadline. For assessing individual dimension of family functioning we used the Family Assessment Device (FAD). Quantitative analysis showed disruption of the functioning of the family system in all dimensions. The greatest family disruption was found in dimensions of role, behaviour control and affective involvement.Poverty is a social problem that negatively affects all dimensions of family system functioning. In order to provide effective help and intervention to the family, it is essential that the social worker is able to correctly identify problem areas and appropriately choose methods and procedures aimed at restoration of family functioning.


Background: Childbirth delivery today is becoming a complex process. There exist linkages between choice method of childbirth delivery, whether vaginal or caesarean section, and socioeconomic, maternal, and pregnancy-related factors.
Study objectives: To compare the choice method of childbirth delivery among women of childbearing ages in Kenya and Egypt. Specifically, the study sought to (a) show patterns of caesarean section births in the two countries using women's background characteristics, (b) estimate levels and differentials of caesarean births in the two countries and, (c) investigate the socio-economic, maternal and pregnancy-related factors that determine the choice of caesarean section deliveries in the two countries
Data and methods: Data was derived from the 2014 Kenya and Egypt demographic and health surveys women-file. The data was fitted in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences in which descriptive and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted.
Results: Majority of Egyptian women (53.5%) gave birth by caesarean section compared to Kenyan women (7.8%). At descriptive analysis level, all the study variables were significant at ρ<0.05 and less, save for marital status. At inferential level, there were higher odds of caesarean section delivery among Egyptian women in middle and rich households (1.318 and 1.701, respectively) compared to those from poor households. Among Kenyan women, those aged 25-34 and 35-49 were 1.335 and 1.690 more likely to delivery by caesarean section compared to their colleagues in the 15-24 age group. Pertaining to the number of antenatal care visits, Egyptian women who had no antenatal care visits were 0.761 less likely, while those with 5-8 and at least 9 antenatal care visits were 1.296 and 1.783, respectively, more likely to delivery by caesarean section compared to their colleagues with 3-4 antenatal care visits. Such a trend was observed among Kenyan women for 5-8 and 9+ antenatal care visits, at the odds of 1.234 and 2.053 respectively. Childbirth deliveries in private health facilities had the odds of 2.060 and 1.438 in Egypt and Kenya, respectively, compared to delivery in public health facilities.
Conclusion: The results suggest that the main contributory factors behind the choice method of childbirth delivery are household wealth (Egypt), maternal age (Kenya), number of antenatal care visits (both Kenya and Egypt), and place of delivery (both Kenya and Egypt).


I present here the description of the model and the results obtained from the agent based model of tax evasion behaviour. I tried to develop a realistic model of taxpayers to reflect the real life tax evasion behaviour as seen under the specified rates. I have tried to examine the effect of varying audit rates and tax rates on the evasion behaviour of the agents. The model was run with maximum 1000 agents. The influence of dynamic social network is also examined from the model. Finally a few results are presented and analysed. Results are also compared with the existing estimates of the IRS .


In this review paper, the author focuses on the historical changes in the studies of second language (L2) learning motivation and introduces two most...


Recovering the original degree of freedom on multiplicity is investigated for orbital angular momentum communication using loop antennas in the 5-GHz band. The induced current is analyzed with generalized Z-matrices, and the orthogonality between antennas of the same radius is analytically shown to be realized by optimizing the relative directions of the ports for the antennas. With four kinds of loop radii, the transmission coefficients among eight antennas are shown by numerical estimation to be suppressed to less than −28.8 dB, where the return losses are better than 25.7 dB. With the analytically obtained port directions, transmission between the 16-element transmitting and receiving arrays was simulated. Simulated transmission isolations were better than 8.2 dB, and those for the antennas of the same radius were better than 11.9 dB. Eight-element transmitting arrays were fabricated, and the measured transmissions between antennas of the same radius were suppressed to less than −22.7 dB, which shows that multiplexing using antennas of the same radius is promising by designing relative port directions.


We study how the government's ability to borrow depends on its capacity to tax. Using a two-period OLG growth model, we establish the following. When lump-sum taxes are unrestricted, Ponzi finance is possible, regardless of whether the economy is dynamically inefficient and regardless of the relationship between the interest rate and the growth rate. Ponzi finance, and government debt generally, is unessential or redundant: it does not enlarge the set of allocations that can be supported as competitive equilibria. When lump-sum taxes are restricted, Ponzi finance (public debt) may be essential. Central to the paper is our characterization of feasible government fiscal-financial plans for an infinite-lived government facing a sequence of finite-lived overlapping private generations. The central idea is that the government does not bankrupt private agents. We contrast our criterion with the conventional government solvency constraint. The conventional solvency constraint (the present value of future government debt is non-positive in the infinitely distant future) is neither necessary nor sufficient for our feasibility criterion. When the government must use distortionary taxes and the long-run interest rate exceeds the long-run growth rate, our feasibility criterion implies the conventional solvency constraint.


Access control lists play an important role in network access control,network traffic identification and network policy enforcement.The design and deployment of access control lists has significant impacts on network performance.Two methods for application of access control lists in different network levels were compared to reduce the packet delay in access control and increase network transmission efficiencies.Packet transmission efficiencies when using the two methods were mathematically analyzed to show that different network loads have different impacts on network performance and that the network performance can be optimized with reasonable application.Experiments and data analyses verify the impact of the two methods on network performance,which provides a reference for network optimization.


By means of data research,this paper analyzes and comments on the theory of learned helplessness phenomenon,cognition interpretive scheme and relevant current research findings in physical education from the perspective of sport psychology,thus to put forward some suggestions on the future studies of this field.


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the prevalence and clinical characteristics of epiretinal membrane (ERM) in patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: In this retrospective observational study, 211 PXG eyes, 210 age-matched normal eyes, and 220 POAG eyes were included. The presence and staging of ERM (stage 1, 2, and 3 or greater) were independently assessed by 2 observers. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to assess the factors associated with visual field (VF) mean deviation (MD) in PXG eyes. Results: Among 211 PXG eyes, 40 (19.0%) had an ERM, while 4.1% of POAG and 2.4% of normal eyes had an ERM (P<0.001). Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (69.4 vs. 70.4 μm, P=0.477) and VF MD (−7.7 vs. −10.4 dB, P=0.098) were not different between POAG and PXG eyes but macular thickness was greater (259.5 vs. 271.5 μm, P=0.006) in PXG eyes than in POAG. Both lower retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (β=0.337, P<0.001) and the presence of an ERM (β=−4.246, P=0.002) were independently associated with worse VF MD in PXG eyes. Conclusions: The prevalence of ERM was significantly greater in PXG eyes than in age-matched normal or POAG eyes. The presence of ERM affected VF in PXG eyes.


Metronidazole is mutagenic in some in vitro assays, and limited studies find that prolonged exposure to high doses increases cancer risk in some


Objective: Training and implementation for a novel stroke rehabilitation method emphasizing procedural memory. Background: Current practice in stroke rehabilitation relies strongly on explicit memory, often compromised by stroke, while failing to capitalize on better-preserved procedural memory skills. Improvement in procedural memory requires consistency and practice. We designed a method (MAStR) to maximize consistency and practice for transfer training (e.g., moving from bed to wheelchair). Design/Methods: MAStR has two innovations: 1) simplification of instructions to only 3 words with all other direction provided nonverbally; 2) having all rehabilitation staff use the same approach every time the patient is moved. Staff training in MAStR included review of written material describing the rationale for MAStR and demonstration of a transfer using MAStR. Each trainee was certified following accurate responses to 4 written questions and correct completion of two transfers using MAStR. Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Therapeutic Recreation, Nursing, and Nursing aide staff were trained prior to treatment group enrollment. Stroke patients assigned to control group (C) received standard rehabilitation therapy. Patients assigned to treatment (T) group completed each transfer with MAStR. Results: The MAStR method was taught to a large, multidisciplinary rehabilitation staff (n=32). Training and certification required 15 minutes per staff member. Ten patients (C n=5, T n=5) were enrolled. No transfers with MAStR resulted in injury, no negative feedback was received from staff or patients. Staff reported satisfaction with the brief MAStR training and reported transfers were easier to complete with the MAStR method. Conclusions: This study demonstrated feasibility of an innovative stroke rehabilitation method that emphasizes procedural memory skills. All rehabilitation disciplines were successfully trained and certified. MAStR was well-tolerated and liked by rehabilitation staff and patients. Use of MAStR by all staff promotes consistent transfer training across the entire rehabilitation stay (24 hours day/7 days per week). Disclosure: Dr. Pavol has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bassile has nothing to disclose. Dr. Callender has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ferreira has nothing to disclose. Dr. Harmon has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lehman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Shinn has nothing to disclose. Dr. St. James has nothing to disclose. Dr. Stein has nothing to disclose.


Excerpt Familial Mediterranean fever is a genetic disease characterized by acute febrile attacks and development of generalized AA-amyloidosis. The attacks usually last 24 to 72 hours and recur at ...


Acute abdominal pain - Upper abdominal pain - Lower abdominal pain - Gastrointestinal bleeding - Diarrhoea and vomiting - Other gastrointestinal problems - Urological problems - Acute scrotal pain - Gynaecological problems


ADD CUSTOM FOOTERS TO SPREADSHEETS Q, I want to place a footer that includes the file name and path on most of my Excel workbooks. What's the easiest way to do that? A. I would suggest you create a default template that generates a custom-formatted workbook every time you open a new Excel file. But since you don't want to customize all your workbooks, you can create a template that you can call up selectively. I'll take you through both processes. First let's tackle the default template. Deep within Windows is an XLStart folder. To find it, evoke Find in Explorer and search for XLStart (see screenshot below). Note the location. Now create an Excel file to be the model for the template with the footer. Open a new Excel workbook and click on File, Page Setup and the Header/Footer tab. Then click on Custom Footer (or Custom Header if you want headers) and choose whether you want the footer on the left, right or center by placing your cursor in one of those locations (as shown in the screenshot below) and then click on the folder icon. Finish by clicking on OK. Now that we have a model for the template, save it in the XLStart folder by clicking on File and Save As, making sure to select Template (*.xlt) as the type of file (see screenshot below). Click on Save. That takes care of your immediate goal: to have the default format include the path and file name in the footer of your workbook. Now we'll create a template without the path and file name. Once again open a new workbook. If we were successful in getting Excel to default to a workbook with the path and file name, we will have to remove the footer for the new template. Click on File, Page Setup and the Custom Footer tab and erase &[Path]&[File]. Save the file as a template (*.xlt) but this time give it a descriptive name such as No Footer.xlt and click on Save. Now when you want a workbook with the path and file name as a footer, simply open a new file. If you don't want a footer, open Excel and click on New. On the left side of the screen, the New Workbook screen will open (see screenshot). [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Under Templates, click on the Excel icon that's next to On my computer and then on your No Footer.xlt icon and the template will appear. Click on it and you're in business. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] RETRIEVE YOUR QUICK LAUNCH TASKBAR Q. I confess: I tinker with the buttons on my computer. Sometimes I tinker with the wrong ones and create problems. That's how I lost my beloved Quick Launch Taskbar, and I'm handicapped without it. Can you figure out how I lost it and how I get it back? A. Join the club. I also like to tinker. I find it's often a good way to learn. I can easily guess what you did because there's just one way to hide the Quick Launch Taskbar (see screenshot below). [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] You must have right-clicked on an empty space in the toolbar (the entire bar across the bottom of the screen) and then clicked on Toolbars, which evoked this screen: [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] And finally you must have unchecked Quick Launch. So just check it. For those who are unfamiliar with it, Quick Launch is the superfast tool to launch applications no matter what's open or what you're doing on the computer because it always shows on the screen. Any time you want to insert an application's icon so it's always available in the toolbar, just drag it onto it. COPE WITH WINDOWS XP FOLDER AMNESIA Q. I finally retired a clunker of a computer that ran on Windows 98. But old as it was, it could remember my folder settings in Explorer. Now that I'm using Windows XP, I can't get Explorer to remember some settings. When I click on the button that commands Excel to remember them it recognizes only some of the settings. What's the deal? A. I've also struggled with this. …


This study presents a theoretical explanation for the excellent lubrication at the thrust slide-bearing of scroll compressors, caused by elastic deformation of the thrust plate, due to large loads. In theoretical calculations, the thrust slide-bearing surfaces are treated as a rough sliding one, and the average Reynolds equation by Patir & Cheng for the rough surfaces is applied to analyze the fluid lubrication at the thrust slide-bearing, while the Solid Contact Theory by Greenwood & Williamson is applied to analyze the plastic and elastic contacts between the orbiting and fixed thrust plates. For given values of the wedge angle between the sliding surfaces, the oil film pressure, the solid contact force, the fluid frictional force and the solid shearing drag force are calculated to determine the resultant friction coefficient at the thrust slide-bearing. As a result, the theoretical calculations show a good agreement with the lubrication test results, thus unveiling the excellent fluid lubrication at the thrust slide-bearing, caused by the wedge formation due to large thrust loads.


The present invention relates to a leakage detection injector of LP child vehicle and, in particular non-reducing the unburned hydrocarbons and injector leakage detection of LP child vehicle that can accurately determine the cause of the start failure way. Injector leak detection method of the LP child vehicle of the present invention, the start-up delay and hydrocarbon reduction control of the LP child vehicle, the method comprising: monitoring a child long play starting time of engine start-up required time, and; The method comprising a start-up time required compared to the number of times that the target set point or more and; The method comprising multiplying the counter is greater than the start-up time required if it exceeds the target number of times the set value, and the other hand is less than the target number of times set value to save the new counter values by subtracting the counter when the hysteresis (Hysteresis) are satisfied with the control unit and; And comparing the integrated value with a reference value; Integration value reduction does not the engine speed is rising after full combustion when the even generated to start up signal is above a reference value a certain number of suppressing fuel injection and during, the complete explosion of the engine without the need for injection by monitoring the change of the engine speed jet of suppressing occurrence in which a long play injector leakage detection of the child vehicle comprises the step of initiating fuel injection from the time the step of inhibiting the fuel injection is, when it exceeded the integration value reference value of the accumulated counter, cooling water temperature is a range is the accumulated only when satisfying the conditions within a temperature, characterized in that for inhibiting the fuel injection.