The reaction of ground-state boron atoms, B (2Pj), with dimethylacetylene, CH3CCCH3 (X1A1g), was studied at a collision energy of 17.9 kJ mol-1 using the crossed molecular beam approach. It was found that the reaction follows indirect scattering dynamics. B (2Pj) attacks the carbon−carbon triple bond of the dimethylacetylene molecule to form a cyclic BC4H6 intermediate that undergoes hydrogen transfer from the methyl group to the boron atom. This complex then rotates around the A/B axis and fragments to atomic hydrogen plus a cyclic BC4H5 isomer, 1,2-dimethylene-3-bora-cyclopropane, via a tight transition state.


The aim of this research was to find out the effectiveness of mind mapping to teach
writing of a descriptive text. This research was conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Cilacap
in the academic year of 2013/2014.
Then experiment was carried out
from
 March
to
June 201
4
. The method of this
research was quasi experiment. The total sample was 72 respondents. The respondents were
divided into control and expe
riment class. In collecting data, the writer used test as
instrument. The test was administered twice. The first
one
was pre
-test and the second
 one
was post
-test. The test was essay test in the form of writing based on certain theme. After
getting the dat
a the writer used t
-test to analyze the data collected.
Based on the result, it was found that mind mapping is effective to teach writing of a
descriptive text. It could be seen from the improvement of the test result of experiment class
which improved from 726 (the pre-test result) to 924 (the post test result) which was
h
igger
than that of the control class 668 (the pre
-test result) to 820 (the post
-test result). Beside that,
the effectiveness could be seen from the result of t
-test which was
1028601,2
 and the value of
t-table with degree of freedom 70 was 1
.
9944. Since t
-count was higher than t
-table (
1028601,2
> 1
.9944), therefore,
it can be concluded that teaching writing of a descriptive text
using mind mapping was effective.


Background. `e diaculties of professional self-determination in a modern transitive society determine the relevance of studying the connection between psychological adaptation and the status of a person's professional identity, regarded as an indicator of success in solving the key task of development in adolescence. `e value core of professional self-determination poses the issue of the relationship between individual's value orientations, the level of professional identity, and basic beliefs as an indicator of the level of psychological adaptation. Objective. `e paper aims to study the relationship between the status of a person's professional identity in adolescence and the characteristics of psychological adaptation. Objectives include studying (1) the relationship between the status of professional identity and the basic beliefs of the individual as an indicator of psychological adaptation; (2) the characteristics of the value orientations of an individual in connection with the status of professional identity and the level of psychological adaptation. Methods. `e World Assumptions Scale (WAS) by R. Yanob-Bulman in the adaptation of M. Padun and A. Kotelnikova; a technique to determine the status of identity in the celd of professional self-determination by D. Marcia, modiced by O. Karabanova and V. Orestova; Portrait Values Questionnaire-Revised (PVQ-R) by Sh. Schwartz were used. Sample. 102 respondents participated in the study: 35.4% are boys, 54.4% are girls aged 16 to 18. Results. `e K-means method was applied. 2 clusters were identiced, dibering in the level of psychological adaptation. Diberences in the level of basic beliefs and value orientations were revealed in groups with the status of dibusion and moratorium, dibusion and achieved identity (Mann-Whitney test, p ≤ 0.05). Diberences in value orientations were revealed between groups with diberent levels of psychological adaptation (Mann — Whitney test, р ≤ 0.05). Conclusion. `e status of professional identity in adolescence is associated with the level of psychological adaptation of the individual. High statuses of identity (achieved identity and moratorium) correspond to a high level of psychological adaptation, identity dibusion corresponds to a low level of it. A high level of psychological well-being and adaptation is determined by the balance of the values of autonomy and self-aarmation and the universal values of social interests and public well-being.


functioning of the organization in conditions of high uncertainty of the external environment increases the requirements for the creative and search nature of the Manager's activities. The article examines the current social schools of human resource management, from the classical school to the empirical school of scientific management, from formal organizational concepts to sociological models of interaction between generations in the process of activity. Synthesis of various theoretical approaches, its application in practice, allows managers to adapt to new conditions of life, improve the efficiency of management and staff performance. Центр научного сотрудничества «Интерактив плюс» 2 https://interactive-plus.ru Содержимое доступно по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license (CC-BY 4.0)


Background: Pivotal phase III data have shown the efficacy and safety of degarelix (240 mg starting dose/80 mg maintenance dose [240/80 mg]) in North American and European patients with prostate cancer (PCa). This open-label, multicenter, single-arm trial has evaluated the efficacy and safety of degarelix in Taiwanese patients with PCa. Methods: Eligible patients received degarelix 240/80 mg monthly for 6 months. The primary objective was the efficacy of degarelix in achieving and maintaining serum testosterone below castrate levels (≤0.5 ng/mL). Secondary objectives included changes in serum testosterone and PSA, and safety. Results: One hundred and ten patients were allocated to treatment. Over six months, degarelix maintained serum testosterone at castrate levels; from Days 28-168, the cumulative probability of sustained castrate level testosterone was 97.2% (95% CI: 91.6-99.1%), meeting the primary objective. Degarelix rapidly suppressed serum testosterone levels, with castrate levels achieved by Days 3 in 93.5% of patients. PSA decreased rapidly from baseline, with a median reduction of 92.4% by Day 28. Degarelix was well tolerated, with the most frequent adverse events (AEs) being mild to moderate injection site reactions (ISRs), occurring mostly with the initial dose of degarelix. There were no immediate-onset systemic hypersensitivity reactions observed. Conclusions: In Taiwanese patients with PCa, a monthly degarelix 240/80 mg/mL dose regimen rapidly decreased testosterone and PSA levels, and maintained testosterone at castrate levels (≤ 0.5 ng/ mL) over 6 months. The safety profile of degarelix was consistent with that expected for elderly men with PCa undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).


Fuzzy spatial objects have become very important in GIS application. There are several research developments on the theoretical description of topological relation between spatial objects. In this paper it is shown that the theoretical topological relation in a computer environment can be practically implemented by using interior operator and closer operator in computational fuzzy topology. This has been shown, in this work, by choosing the Gaja Cyclone affected areas in delta districts of Tamil Nadu as the spatial object. The affected areas are identified from the data collected by TNSDMA, Govt. of Tamil Nadu.


The intelligent traffic system(ITS)is an interdisciplinary and systematical integrated research system which rose in the world in recent 20years.Its original intention is to solve the traffic congestion existing in the big cities anywhere,and in the precondition of not expanding the road network scale,to improve the traffic capacity of the road network and the capacity of the transportation through the comprehensive utilization of such methods as the modern information technology and communication technology.This paper arranges the developing course of the intelligent traffic system,traces its causes of development and summarizes its main contents as well as the trend of the intelligent traffic system in our country.


To maintain the quality of food products, post-harvest handling efforts need to be done by processing, preservation, packaging and storage. This study examines the influence of the percentage of sugar and water solution to the shelf life of oil products in the sugar solution. The study was conducted using factorial experiments prepared in a completely randomized design with 2 replications. Factor A is the use of water solvent, comprising: A1 = coconut water; A2 = mineral water (AMDK). Factor B is a variation of sugar addition (in percentage) which consists of: B1 = 25%; B2 = 35%; B3 = 45%. Packaging is done on 2 types of packaging, namely jar and Stand Up Pouch. Storage is done at room temperature (for a jar packaging) and refrigerators (for Stand Up Pouch packaging). The observation showed that the organoleptic most preferred solvent treatment of coconut water and sugar content of 25%, with the average score is 4 (love) for the assessment of the texture, color, appearance and feel. Meanwhile, in products using jar packaging, coconut products in sugar solution did not last more than 2 days. This can be seen from the number of TPC that is not eligible. Storage in Stand Up Pouch packaging tends to maintain protein and sugar content, while the total number of bacteria and mold/yeast still increase from observation of 2 nd and 4 th week. Keyword: Coconut, preservation, sugar solution. EFFECT OF SODA ASH FROM SMOKED COPRA AND LIQUID SMOKE CONCENTRATION ON WET NOODLES' QUALITY Shinta Wahyu Apriyani, Alim Mahawan Nuryadi, Yunita Filia Assah Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Manado Jalan Diponegoro No. 21-23 Manado 95112 Phone (0431) 852395, Fax. (0431) 852396 e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


The invention provides hybrid power generation equipment, which comprises a hydraulic turbine generator, a wind generator, a solar panel, a hydraulic detector, a wind detector and a light detector, wherein output ends of the hydraulic turbine generator, the wind generator and the solar panel are connected to a power conversion circuit through a diode respectively; the output end of the power conversion circuit is connected to a storage battery and a load; a hydraulic detection signal, a wind detection signal and a light intensity signal are output to a controller; and the controller outputs on and off signals to the hydraulic turbine generator, the wind generator and the solar panel. The hybrid power generation equipment provided by the invention achieves effective combination of various power supply devices, is high in power generation efficiency and safe to run, can generate electricity around the clock, and really achieves green and efficient power generation.


Method of distributing the supplied ad, apparatus and system are provided. They receive the profile information, search the supplied ads related to the received profile information from the database, for presentation at least a portion of the screen of the display device, the accessory relating to the received profile information advertisement including the sending to the display devices. In one example, the first display device presents the main advertisement, auxiliary screen device, in matching or time thereto and presentation of the main advertisement, presenting advertisements included relevant subject. Included advertisements presented to a particular viewer / audience, and metadata associated with the supplied ad, by matching the known characteristics of the particular viewer / audience, is selected.


The college library is facing the impact and competition since the internet is developing rapidly in the period of constructing the harmonious society and campus.The all-round service of the college li-brary is also meeting the challenge of new age.The periodical work in libraries under the cyber environment should be innovated and improved based on the traditional model on the thought of service,managing model,the service area and means so as to develop with steady steps.


In this master thesis report a new method for simulating waters surface waves is presented. The method is well adapted for real-time applica- tions and has been developed with computer games in mind. By sim- ulating the water surface at several different resolutions simultaneously using a construction similar to Laplacian Pyramids dispersion is handled approximately resulting in a complex behaviour.The simulation is also extended with a dynamic level of detail method and phenomenological models for boundaries and high frequency waves. This method is pro- totyped inside the Frostbite™ engine developed at EA™ DICE™ and runs at 3 ms per time step on a single core of a Intel™ Xeon™ processor with high quality results.


The activated transfer of a light particle between two heavier species in the micropores of silicalite and ZK4 zeolites has been studied through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. A three-body potential controls the exchange of the light particle between the heavier ones; an effective barrier of a few kBT separates the two stable regions corresponding to symmetric "reactant" and "product" species. Harmonic forces always retain the reactants at favorable distances so that in principle only the energetic requirement must be fulfilled for the transfer to occur. The rate constant for the process (obtained from a correlation analysis of equilibrium MD trajectories) decreases by more than one order of magnitude when the barrier height is increased from 2kBT to 5kBT following an Arrhenius-type behavior. The transfer rates are always lower in ZK4. When the reaction is studied in a liquid solvent the calculated rate constants are closer to those obtained in silicalite. Since with this model the diffusive approac...


Background: Physical inactivity has become a major public health concern in todays' world. Evidences suggest that nearly one-fifth of the overall risk for coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, breast cancer, colon cancer is due to physical inactivity. The aim of present study is to assess the physical activity status among health science students in Chitwan District of Nepal.
Methods: Present study is a cross-sectional study conducted among health science students of Chitwan District identified through non-probability sampling technique. Ethical approval was obtained from CMC IRC. Information on physical activity was gathered using the self-reported Global GPAQ – 16 items. A final activity response from each student was summed into MET/minutes per week, which was further classified as: inactive, low active, moderately active and highly active in terms of total MET minute/week. Descriptive and inferential analysis was done through this IBM SPSS software version 20.
Results: More than two-third of students reported their status as low active. Nearly 7% were physically inactive. About 93% of the health science students met the minimum WHO recommendation for physical activity (≥600 MET-minutes/week). The difference on physical activity status according to gender and age groups was found statistically significant (p<0.005).
Conclusions: There was huge proportion of students with low level of physical activity. There is need for focusing on health information system to aware public regarding the importance of physical activity.


Using SWOT analysis,this article discusses the opportunities and challenges the secondary copper industry of Guangxi faces in its industrial development.It also uses the AHP method to analyze internal and external factors affecting the secondary copper industry.These studies reach the conclusion that(1) while the biggest opportunity is the increasing demand for copper,the biggest threat is the shortage of the raw materials;and(2) while the biggest advantage is the geographic location,the biggest disadvantage is backward technology and equipment.An SO strategy is developed by using SWOT analysis method for the development of Guangxi's secondary copper industry.


In this paper, the application of the new integral "SUM transfoin the research fields of science and technology is study such as nuclear physics, population growth, electric circuits, pharmacokinetic, beam deflection, Newton's law of cooling and other fields of mechanics.


We designed surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters for a multiplex transmission system of multilevel inverter circuits, and applied them to a single-phase three-level inverter. To reduce the transmission delay time of the SAW filters, a four-channel SAW filter array was fabricated and its characteristics were measured. The delay time of the SAW filters was <350 ns, and the delay time difference was reduced to ≤184 ns, less than half that previously reported. The SAW filters withstood up to 990 V, which is sufficient for the inverters used in most domestic appliances. A single-phase three-level inverter with the fabricated SAW filters worked with a total delay time shorter than our target delay time of 2.5 µs. The delay time difference of the proposed system was 0.26 µs, which is sufficient for preventing the inverter circuit from short-circuiting. The SAW filters controlled a multilevel inverter system with simple signal wiring and high dielectric withstanding voltages.


practice and literary output, and eventually he died on December 29th, 1689, in his house in Pall Mall, where he had lived since 1667, and was buried in St. James's Church, Piccadilly, where a tablet, erected in 1810 by the College of Physicians, in the south wall aisle, eloquently describes him as " Medicus in omne aevum nobilis." To recall his works by name would be as uninecessary as it would be lengthy, for they are immortal, especially those dealing with fevers, the distinction for the first time of scarlet fever from measles and of rheumatism from gout, and the classical descriptions of chorea and of hysteria. Scholarly criticism has been much concerned about the question whether Sydenham originally wrote in English or in Latin; the conclusion that appears to have most in its favouil is that he composed in the language he spoke, and that Dr. John Mapletoft and Gilbert Havers, a scholar, did his text into Latin. But whatever medium he used he painted from Nature, and, with the artistic instinct of a great clinician, emphasized the essential and kept the immaterial in due proportion. In his attitude of " back to Hippocrates," whom he called ." the divine old man2" and the principle of observation rather than the precepts of authority, Sydenham insisted on the importance of the accurate description of the natural history of diseases, the constant and essential symptoms being distinguished from the accidental; he also advocated their separation into species, as in the classification of animals and plants, there being a common resemblance in their seasonal variations. Thus regarding diseases as specific, he urged that specific remedies should be sought for them. Sydenham has accordingly been regarded as the founder of scientific nosology. Further, he urged that a definite system of treatment should be established on rational grounds instead of on polypharmacy. As J. F. Payne, in comparing these two Masters of Medicine, wlho, as far as we know, never met, writes, Sydenham was the Master of Practice, while his contemporary William Harvey was the Master of Science. The importance of Sydenham's practical outlook cn medicine can hardly be over-emphasized, but this is l)ot his only claim on our remembrance; for in his attempts to obtain a cure for epidemic fevers he made observations on their incidence and variations which led to his famous hypothesis of " epidemic constitutions "-a somewhat nmysterious conception of a more elaborate character than those of Hippocrates and Ballonius (Guillaume Baillou) in 1574. His view of acute, especially epidemic, diseases was to the effect that they were modified by the additionial factor of a constitution or influence derived not only from the atmospheric and weather conditions, as Hippocrates believed, but from telluric and other sources; thus upon


The article offers information and analysis that intend to demonstrate the importance of the Brazilian Forest Act for the protection of the remaining preserved natural vegetation in Brazil, as well as the reasons and guidelines for its revision, in order to reach the possible and desired balance between respect to the natural environment and improved agricultural development.


Ensemble clustering has attracted much attention in machine learning and data mining for the high performance in the task of clustering. Spectral clustering is one of the most popular clustering methods and has superior performance compared with the traditional clustering methods. Existing ensemble clustering methods usually directly use the clustering results of the base clustering algorithms for ensemble learning, which cannot make good use of the intrinsic data structures explored by the graph Laplacians in spectral clustering, thus cannot obtain the desired clustering result. In this paper, we propose a new ensemble learning method for spectral clustering-based clustering algorithms. Instead of directly using the clustering results obtained from each base spectral clustering algorithm, the proposed method learns a robust presentation of graph Laplacian by ensemble learning from the spectral embedding of each base spectral clustering algorithm. Finally, the proposed method applies k-means on the spectral embedding obtain from the learned graph Laplacian to get clusters. Experimental results on both synthetic and real-world datasets show that the proposed method outperforms other existing ensemble clustering methods.


Abstract A 32-item survey (completed by 286 undergraduates) identified factors associated with positive (feeling happy, less anxious, sense of relief, freedom) and negative (sadness, jealousy, loss of self-esteem, anxiety) outcomes following a romantic breakup or loss. Analysis revealed complex associations but, in general, being female, Black, initiator of the breakup, and heterosexual were more likely to be associated with experiencing positive outcomes. Multivariate analyses suggested that being the initiator of the breakup was a key predictor of more favorable breakup outcomes. Symbolic interaction theory provided the theoretical framework for interpreting the findings, and limitations of the study were identified.


WHAT: Binford MS will once again hosts its End-of-Year Student Carnival for all students. The event will feature food, fun and games for the students, including a 40-foot long obstacle course as well as a 25-foot giant slide. The school's principal, Dr. Tyrus Lyles, will participate in a dunking booth and Binford's step team, The Ladies of Distinction, will also perform. Altria has sponsored this event for the past five years and is their way of celebrating the end of the school year for the students at Binford.


Energy from renewable sources is a growing trend in Europe and all over the world, as a reduction of greenhouse gases by a certain percentage is a political goal according to the Kyoto Protocol. In order to achieve the goals envisaged in the treaty – a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 20% (base year 1990) during 2013-2020 – the propagation of renewable energy sources is one of the strategies followed by politics and administration. Though in every country the increased usage of renewable energy sources is favoured and sponsored. There is rarely a study that evaluates the effects of the consumption of renewable energy resources with respect to the spatio-temporal dimension on a fine grained level of detail. So far only studies exist that evaluate renewable energy projects on a global/local level e.g. for a whole country or province (e.g. Arbeitsplattform Wald und Holz in Kärnten 2007, Möller and Nielsen 2007). The work presented in this paper focuses on effects of wood chip heating plants on the availability of lumber for wood chip production on a fine spatial and temporal granularity. In order to model the "consumption" of timber for heating purposes, an agent-based model coupled with a GIS is employed (Crooks and Heppenstall 2011, Johnston 2013, Van Berkel and Verburg 2012, Mandl 2003). In a generic way the model mimics the competition of several heat plants for biomass. In addition, it includes a basic forest growth model as well as a sequence of forest operations that result in lumber for wood chip production. The scientific question of this paper tries to answer if a spatio-temporal effect of competition for renewable energy resources exists. The paper evaluates the question in the context of the wood chip market which serves as energy source for heating plants in a given test area. The theoretical model is applied to a data set of Carinthia, a province of Austria. The paper is organized as follows: section 2 elaborates on the test area, the data used in the study and the general approach of the study. The theoretical model, following an agentbased approach, is described in section 3. The first results are given in section 4, followed by a discussion and conclusions.


Political and social change in our neighbour Myanmar over the past few years has taken place at a staggering rate and has been surprising in nature. As recently as the tragedy of Cyclone Nargis in 2008, at least 138,000 people and probably many more, the grip that the military junta had on the country seemed to be as absolute as ever – so much so as to be in a position to refuse international relief, thereby callously condemning thousands of people to death, while insisting that a referendum go ahead irrespective of the suffering. Yet just a few years later, a civilian president has visited the White House, Daw Aung San Suu Kyi is free to do as she pleases and industrial estates and infrastructure to link the interior of the country with international markets and places of consumption is being pushed ahead at a rapid pace. Hungry for profits, corporations are flocking to the country and jobs are to be created which will finally provide decent standards of


The characteristic of the beta wave among the EEG waves corresponds to the stress area of human perception. The over-bandwidth of the stress is extracted by analyzing the beta-wave correlation between the low-bandwidth and high-bandwidth. We present a KMeans clustering analysis model for unsupervised machine learning to construct an analytical model for analyzing and extracting the beta-wave correlation. The proposed model classifies the beta wave region into clusters of similar regions and identifies anomalous waveforms in the corresponding clustering category. The abnormal group of waveform clusters and the normal category leaving region are discriminated from the stress risk group. Using this model, it is possible to discriminate the degree of stress of the cognitive state through the EEG waveform, and it is possible to manage and apply the cognitive state of the individual.


A method is presented for estimating the confidence region for the mean of a set of axes that are noncircularly distributed about the mean axis. The data (plotted on the upper hemisphere) are projected, through Lambert's equal-area projection, onto the plane that is tangent to the estimated mean. An elliptical confidence region is constructed around the projected mean using bivariate normal theory. The confidence region is then projected back to the sphere. The method is applied to the analysis of a set of joint orientations.


Exact two-dimensional solutions are constructed for the pseudo-spin-1/2 Bose-Einstein condensates, which are described by the coupled nonlinear Gross-Pitaevskii equations where the intra-and inter-species coupling constants are assumed to be equal. The equations are decoupled by means of re-combinations of the nonlinear terms of the hyperfine states according to the spatial dimensions. The stationary solutions form various spin textures which are identified as skyrmion crystals. In a special case, a crystal of skyrmion-anti-skyrmion pairs is formed in the soliton limit.


This paper presents the new formulas to turn the PID controller parameters for a given open-loop stable first-order plant with dead-time (FOPTD). Two curves, the PID-parabola and the plant-curve, are determined by controller parameters and plant parameters, respectively. According to the position relationship between the PID-parabola and the plant-curve in the real domain, the integral and differential gains are turned respectively. The proportional gain of PID controller is obtained from the maximum proportional gain stability range. This method has a wide range of adaptation to plant parameters. The proposed method is as simple as well-known PID tuning formulas such as the Ziegler–Nichols formulas, and more effective. The simulation shows that the proposed method has better performance.


The calculated results in the literature for the decomposition of formic acid into CO on Pt(111) cannot rationalize the well-known facile CO poisoning of Pt-based catalysts. The present work reexamines formic acid decomposition on Pt(111) by considering both the monomer and dimer pathways both in the absence and in the presence of water molecules. Upon a thorough search, we locate some new adsorption configurations of formic acid for the subsequent C–H or O–H cleavage, which were ignored in previously published literature. From the calculated minimum energy pathways (MEPs), we propose that formic acid decomposition on Pt(111) is initiated by C–H bond cleavage rather than O–H bond cleavage. Monomeric formic acid preferentially decomposes to CO2 regardless of the absence or presence of water, while the dimeric form favors the formation of CO in the gas phase, but competitively reacts to form CO and CO2 in the presence of water molecules. The surrounding water molecules and the second formic acid molecule in the dimer play substantial roles in the process of formic acid decomposition, and can be regarded as promoters, assisting formic acid decomposition on Pt(111). In all situations, that is, regardless of the presence of a monomer or dimer, or the presence or absence of water, the calculated barrier differences in the rate-determining steps of CO2 and CO formation are much smaller than those reported in previously published studies. These results improve our understanding of the mechanism of formic acid oxidation catalyzed by Pt-based catalysts, and rationalize the performance durability problem of Pt-based catalysts used in direct formic acid fuel cells.


Abstract A palynological and sedimentological study has been carried out on the Cretaceous fluvial and deltaic Atane Formation of West Greenland. Two localities, Skansen and Igdlunguaq on the southern coast of Disko island, have been studied. The sediments are divided into two genetic facies associations interpreted as representing deposition in fluvial channels and on a floodplain. The facies indicate that most of the sediments on the floodplain accumulated in swamps or shallow lakes, whereas abundant spores and pollen indicate the presence of vegetated land nearby. The palynomorph assemblages recovered consist of 72 species of spores and pollen grains of bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. The palynomorphs from Skansen and most of those from Igdlunguaq indicate a maximum age-range from late Albian to Cenomanian for the successions sampled, although a mid Cenomanian age seems most likely. The highest horizon examined at Igdlunguaq may, however, be late Cenomanian or Turonian in age. The assemblages compare well with palynofloras from North America and Northwest Europe.


Abstract In the present study, four indigenous bacteria designed as OACR6-OACR9 capable of degrading Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) were isolated from oil-contaminated soils in Diyarbakir city, in Turkey. 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that strain OACR6 indicated 99.78% homology to Bacillus megaterium NBRC 15308 = ATCC 14581. OACR7, OACR8 and OACR9 strains were found to be members of the Sphingobacterium genus according to genetic analysis. It was observed that the OACR7 and OACR8 strains were 96.63% and 96.94% similar to Sphingobacterium multivorum strain IAM 14316, respectively. On the other hand, strain OACR9 indicated 96.79% homology to Sphingobacterium siyangense strain SY1 16S. GC-MS analyzing revealed that strain OACR6 was able to degrade 68.7% of fluorene and 69.8% of phenanthrene compared to the controls, strain OACR7 was able to degrade 67.5% of fluorene and 65.9% of phenanthrene, strain OACR8 was able to degrade 74.4% of fluorene and 76.4% of phenanthrene and strain OACR9 was found to be able to degrade 67.9% of fluorene and 69.8% of phenanthrene. The findings of this study indicate that the strains investigated have bioremediation potential at oil-contaminated sites and to our knowledge, this is the first study on the biodegradation of PAHs in the oil-contaminated areas in Diyarbakir.


The subject of this publication is the detection of optimization potential and the avoidance of faults and errors in the injection molding process using proce ss data analysis. In modern injection molding machines, in addition to the produced plastic moldings, high amounts of process and machine data are available – in very hi gh quality. Injection molding machines are equipped wi th high-resolution measuring devices that are connecte d to the bus system of the machine, which reaches out to all the components from the plasticizing barrel, freque ncy converters for drives, mold cavities, etc. To date, however, these data have not been fully exploited and ha ve not been accessible in a convenient way. Through the fu rther development of bus-based data interfaces, it is now p ssible to obtain all signals and sensor data, and use these data for external analysis purposes. The decisive factor is central recording of the relevant signals with a unifo rm time base. Corresponding recording in real-time facilita tes complete documentation and utilization of the relev ant process and machine data. Subsequently, these raw d ata must be processed appropriately so that they can be used for analysis purposes in order to extract the infor mation from process and production, and generate correspon ding benefits for the users and operators. Firstly, stra tegies and methods are shown on how (raw) data from a machine control (PLC) can be extracted and made available t o the operator. For a diagnostically conclusive analysis, the complexity and the size of the data must be signifi cantly reduced – here, machine and process-specific key fi gures are generated. Key figures are combined with one an other and further compacted so that additional informatio n can be obtained more easily (Figure 1). Figure 1: Scheme for processing process or machine data. Different approaches are presented, which include t he analysis of the entire injection molding cycle – al l process phases and mold movements, as well as non-operating and start-up phases that are considered. Especially for nonstandard injection molding processes or complex mul ti stage production processes, it is necessary to crea te individually generated and easily editable key figures and evaluation parameters to enable monitoring and thus more cautious decisions based on additional information obtained (acquire, analyze and visualize).


This article discusses the idea of city as a platform. The analysis focuses on the forms and implications of citizen involvement in publicly-supported participatory innovation platforms that facilitate urban economic development in the welfare society context. The discussion opens with a review of the smart city discourse, which in the context of economic development policy translates into cities' need to support innovativeness by creating smart environments. Participatory innovation platform is a prime example of such an environment. The empirical section discusses three cases, those of the Finnish cities of Helsinki, Tampere, and Oulu. The analysis shows that platformization in the first half of the 2010s became a strategic focal area supported by national and EU programs. Platforms are used to support both urban revitalization and economic development, of which the former is based on representative and the latter on instrumental modes of participation. Platforms are well integrated with city governments, even though they vary greatly in terms of organizational forms and scopes. Democratic culture, welfarism, and redistributive policy provide contextual support for platformization by strengthening social inclusion, taming the growth machine, and easing the tensions between pro-growth and anti-growth coalitions.


Full Paper: The analysis of the scattering intensity I 0 (q) (q=(4π/λ) sin (θ/2); λ: wavelength of radiation; θ: scattering angle) of dissolved linear polymers derived from static scattering experiments is considered. The determimition of I 0 (q) and possible sources of experimental uncertainties are discussed in detail. Moreover, a comprehensive overview of current analytical models for the calculatlon of I 0 (q) of chains without excluded volume is given. These analytical theories are compared to Monte-Carlo simulations of semiflexible chains without excluded volume. It is shown that analytical expressions given by Pedersen and Schurtenberger (Macromolecules 29, 7602 (1996); method 2) provides the best description of the I 0 (q) throughout the entire range of stiffness. Among the analytical theories the expression derived by Kholodenko (Macromolecules 26, 4179 (1993)) gives the best description of the scattering function of worm-like chains.


In this article the actualization of modern methods in teaching Russian is emphasized. At the lesson of professional Russian it's appoparate using innovation technology, in particular draffing cinquain, helps to enlarge communicative competence. Lately cinquain started to use in didactical aims as an effective method of developing tropology speech. Which allows to get quick results. A result using cinquain at the practical lesson in Russian has been noted intensification of speaking thinking, students activities, actualization of interresources of personality (to overcome barrier, inhibitions during speech before audience and increasing interests, motivation in studying subject.


Many of today's companies adopt Business Process Management to make their business processes efficient and at the same time pursue certain business values in order to make known that they are working for public interests and to enhance their images and competitiveness. On the other hand, to improve achievement of business values, not only the basic business activities but also the capability of measuring value achievement and ways to reflect the measuring results for process improvement should be built into their business processes. In this study, we propose a value achievement measuring framework that includes the design elements necessary for measuring value achievement and demonstrate its efficacy with an application example.


FIELD: tools. SUBSTANCE: invention provides cutting tool (3) for kitchen device with motor drive, made with possibility of bringing into rotation. Tool comprises coupling (2), intended for cutting tool (3) connection to corresponding coupling of kitchen device motor; at least one cutting plate (9, 10), wherein every cutting plate (9, 10) has wavy cutting edge (7, 8), located in motor rotation direction (14). EFFECT: each of cutting plates (9, 10) comprises flat sharpened surface (6), ending with wavy cutting edge (7, 8), wherein said sharpened surface (6) is made so, that kitchen device user could repeatedly sharpen cutting edge (7, 8). 13 cl, 5 dwg


o what extent can students labeled trainable mentally retarded profit from reading skills instruction? A teacher seeking an answer to this question by examining the literature is likely to find little professional agreement. On the one hand, writers such as Bunon (1974), Gearhan and Litton (1975), and Kirk (1972) have questioned the appropriateness of reading instruction for students labeled trainable mentally retarded. However, others such as Cawley and Pappanikou (1967), D'Amelio (1972), Domnie and Brown (1974), Johnson and Brown (1974), Nietupski, Williams, York, Johnson, and Brown (1976), and Sontag (1976) have taken a more optimistic view of the developmental potential of trainable mentally retarded students. Such an optimistic view has resulted in the development of a number of programs in which trainable mentally retarded students were taught a variety of reading skills (Brown, Jones, Troccolo, Heiser, Bellamy, & Sontag, 1972; Domnie & Brown, 1974; Johnson & Brown, 1974). A common characteristic of these programs is that students were taught whole word reading skills. That is, students were taught to label sight words and demonstrate comprehension of the words without specific instruction on phonic, structural, or contextual word analysis skills. While it may be advantageous to use a whole word approach in teaching students to read their first words, sole reliance upon a whole word approach requires that students be provided direct instruction on each word they learn to read, limiting their potential reading vocabulary (Nietupski et aI., 1976). The contention made here is that not only can trainable mentally retarded students be taught whole word reading skills but also that they can be taught relatively sophisticated word analysis skills. This anicle describes a program developed to teach phonic


Morphological Marker for Gender Identification in Date Palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) at the Seedling Stage Using RAPD-PCR Analysis. SAJ Biotechnol 8: 101 Abstract Date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) is an important fruit crop in arid and semi-arid regions in Nigeria. At the seedling stage, male and female trees cannot be clearly distinguished until about four years after planting when the palms first flower. This research was aimed to differentiate gender at seedling stage among date palm accessions obtained from NIFOR in Nigeria using morphological marker and a specially developed DNA RAPD marker technique. A PCR based method was found to be successful using extracts from young leaves. The male determinant marker was able to distinguish a male-specific fragment at 200bp while male and female individuals were identified on a fragment of 400 bp. The male determinant marker generated fragments that consisted of one banding patterns in male DNA extracts and no banding pattern in female. When the 21 date palm seedlings were screened, 12 were identified as male and 9 as being female. Morphologically, the male seedlings were observed to have a larger girth size and a higher number of lower leaf spines while the female seedlings were observed to possess a smaller or thinner girth size with little number of lower leaf spines. The primers was repeated for other cultivars and the same DNA banding patterns and morphological differences were observed. The developed sex determinant marker could be used for gender identification at the seedling stage of date palms. Plant breeders and growers may adopt this marker as a tool for gender identification in date palm seedlings before planting in the field.


A number of business organizations are beginning to realize the importance of business process management. However, process can often go the way they were initially not designed for or a non-efficient performance process model could be designed. To solve this problem, business process mining which can be used as the basis for the business process re-engineering has been recognized to an important concept. However, current research in the domain of process mining has only focused on extracting a workflow-based process model from completed process logs. Thus, there is a limitation in expressing various types of business processes, and moreover, process discovery and log scanning take a considerable amount of time. In this paper, we present a modified FP-tree algorithm for FP-tree based business processes, which are used for association analysis in data mining. Our modified algorithm supports the discovery of an appropriate level of the process model according to the user's need without re-scanning all the process logs during updating.


Aiming at the most optimal starter cultures to be selected, a research was conducted to evaluate the effect of 5 different combinations of starter cultures on the dynamics of lactic acid fermentation during the production of white brine cow cheese. The raw milk used for the cheese production demonstrated certain deviations of the chemico-physical and microbiological properties most probably resulting from mastitis. The progressive acidity development was in the first 20 days of cheese ripening for all variants and after 60 days it ranged from 92.8 - 104.7 0SH. After the two-month aging period, the moisture percentage was 48.8 - 53.4%, the percentage of ripeness varying from 40 to 55 0S. In order to produce 1 kg of cheese, 6.57 - 6.94 l of milk were used, or 14.41 - 15.22 kilograms of cheese were produced from 100 l of milk. The best sensory evaluation results were achieved with the variant using a combination of several starter cultures being as follows: DVS mesophilic culture (Str. lactis i Lb. casei - 2:1), FRC 75 (Lac. lactis subsp. lactis, Lac. lactis subsp. cremoris, Str. thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbruecki, subspecies bulgaricus) and developed thermophilic culture (Str. thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbruecki, subspecies bulgaricus - 2:1).


In
 industrialized countries the number of patients with heart valve diseases is
 constantly increasing. Especially the number of elderly patients (>65
 years) requiring a heart valve replacement is increasing due to improved
 medical treatment and increasing life expectancy. Bioprosthetic implants are
 recommended for older patients due to their good haemodynamic function and
 because they do not need any anticoagulation therapy. The aim of this study
 was to analyse the potential of older individuals to repopulate the
 decellularized matrix of tissue-engineered heart valves, as has been
 described in younger animals.
 Pulmonary valves
 obtained from the slaughterhouse, were decellularized. Further on they were
 coated with the proangiogenic factor CCN1 and reendothelialized.
 Endothelial-like cells were cultivated from the peripheral blood of 6 sheeps
 for the reendothelalization of decellularized allografts. Sheep of a german
 fast-growing breed with an average age of 7 years underwent a pulmonary valve
 replacement with tissue engineered heart valves. The 18 surviving sheep
 received either decellularized (group 1, n=6), decellularized and CCN1-coated
 (group 2, n=6), or decellularized, CCN1-coated and reendothelialized (group
 3, n=6) grafts. Functional assessment of the allografts via echocardiography
 was carried out immediately after implantation and shortly before
 explantation. The explanted grafts were histologically and
 immunohistochemically analysed to determine the degree of repopulation and
 the identity of the participating cells.
 None of the
 animals showed any clinical symptoms. Using ultrasound, four allografts
 showed increase of the valve insufficiency at explantation (1x CCN1-coated, 6
 months post OP; 1x reendothelialized, 6 months post OP; 1x decellularized, 12
 months post OP, 1x CCN1-coated, 12 months post OP). At the time point of
 euthanasia, 16 grafts had translucent, thin cusps with no vegetations and no
 luminal stenosis. One allograft had to be excluded from further analysis due
 to extended vegetations (decellularized, 12 months post OP). Staining one
 cusp per graft in toto with phalloidin and DAPI revealed an extended coverage
 with cells of the ventricular cusp surface. The degree of coverage was
 similar in all groups. On the arterial cusp surface coverage was less
 extended. Compared to the other groups the reendothelialized allografts
 showed the highest degree of coverage on the arterial cusp surface.
 Additionally the reendothelialized allografts showed the highest repopulation
 of the matrix. Moreover it was shown that cells were distributed more equally
 in reendothelialized and CCN1-coated grafts than in decellularized valves.
 Signs of calcification were found in one cusp (reendothelialized, 12 months
 post OP) and three times in the conduit wall (1x decellularized, 6 months
 post OP, 1x reendothelialized, 12 months post OP, 1x CCN1-coated, 12 months
 post OP).
 Vimentin, sm α-actin and MYH11 positive cells were found in the repopulated
 areas but to different amounts. A luminal layer positive for vWF and eNOS was
 found on the luminal side of all allografts, however the endothelialized
 grafts revealed a more complete confluence of the vWF positive cell layer.
 The immunochemical localisation of intracellular procollagen may verify that
 cells in the implants are not remaining cells from the donor and should
 therefore be of autologous origin. In addition, this reveals the capability
 of the receptor cells to remodel the ECM. Areas with more CD45-positive cells
 than in native pulmonary valves were found only seldom.
 In summary the
 implanted tissue-engineered heart valves showed even after 12 months in vivo
 an adequate function. The elderly sheep had the potential to repopulate the
 allogeneic ECM with autologous cells. However, this capability seems to be reduced
 compared to young sheep and pigs, which has been described in the literature.
 Even though the reendothelialized valves showed especially in comparison to
 the decellularized valves slightly better results, this tendency showed no
 significance. The time consuming reendothelialization with patient derived
 cells demonstrate no tremendous benefits.


The correlation wavefront sensing technique using extended, arbitrarily structured target as light source is studied. The principle of extended target correlation wavefront sensing employing an intensity-type mask is analyzed. The problems of simulation and selection of target in laboratory experiments are discussed. The methods of generating the mask images from target structure and of preparing the experimental masks from the mask images are presented. The typical results of the mask images generated by processing the target image are given. A first experiment on the extended target wavefront sensing using the intensity-type mask is made. The effects of two different intensity-type masks on wavefront sensing are compared. The experimental results in agreement with the theory are obtained.


During a three year systematic sampling of the hoverfly fauna in highlands of western Serbia, 150 hoverfly species of 51 genera were recorded for this region. Eumerus ovatus Loew, 1848, new to the fauna of Serbia, was recorded on mountain Zlatibor. Additionally, 4 new hoverfly species from the genus Merodon Meigen, 1803 were found, awaiting species descriptions. The most species-rich areas in the investigated region are SW part of Mt. Golija and SE part of Mt. Zlatar. These mountains also have the highest number of protected and strictly protected species. In order to preserve this high local diversity of hoverflies, protection of these areas, as well as proper conservation management are of crucial importance.


By using some deep tools from microlocal analysis, the authors of the papers (Ann. of Math., 165 (2007), 567--591, J. Amer. Math. Soc., 23 (2010), 655--691; Invent. Math., 178 (2009), 119--171; Duke Math. J., 158(2011), 83--120) have successfully established various Carleman estimates for elliptic operators that possess limiting Carleman weight. In this study, we revisit these problems and present a unified and fundamental approach for deriving these estimates. The main tool we employ is an elementary pointwise estimate for second-order elliptic operators.


In current telephone systems the speech to be transmitted is band-limited. The resulting speech quality degradation can be reduced by supplementing the missing spectral components of an enlarged frequency band in an artificial way. One important component of an enhancement system is the wide-band synthesis-filter that has to be driven with a wide-band excitation signal. The focus of this paper is to propose different methods to generate this wide-band excitation signal from a telephone-band limited version.


The authors report a case of right-sided paralysis of the diaphragm which revealed a lung cancer extending to the mediastinum and involving the right phrenic nerve. This case underlines the limitations of thoracic imaging in case of phrenic nerve paralysis. It also demonstrates the value of early exploratory thoracotomy in all patients with allegedly "idiopathic" unilateral phrenic nerve paralysis.


where x(t) = [x1(t) · · · xn(t)] ∈ Rn is the state vector, Ai = diag{−a(i,1), . . . ,−a(i,n)} ∈ Rn×n (a(i,k) > 0, k = 1, . . . ,n) is the self-feedback matrix, Wi ∈ Rn×n is the connection weight matrix, φ(x(t)) = [φ1(x(t)) · · ·φn(x(t))] : Rn → Rn is the nonlinear function vector satisfying the global Lipschitz condition with Lipschitz constant Lφ > 0, J(t) ∈ Rn is an external input vector, ωj ( j = 1, . . . , s) is the premise variable, μi j (i = 1, . . . , r, j = 1, . . . , s) is the fuzzy set that is characterized by membership function, r is the number of the IF-THEN rules, and s is the number of the premise variables. Using a singleton fuzzifier, product fuzzy inference, and weighted average defuzzifier, the system (1) is inferred as follows:


xxii-xxiii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTORY OVERVIEW 1.1 Setting the scene 2 1.2 Research problem 5 1.3 Research questions 7 1.4 Thesis statement 8 1.5 Objectives of the study 9 1.6 Research methodology 9 1.7 Significance of the study 10 1.8 Literature review 11 1.9 Limitations 24 1.10 Structure of the thesis 24


Summary Glutamine was found to be an essential component in Eagle's medium for the maximal multiplication of RS virus and for the development of syncytia cytopathic effect in Hep-2 cell cultures. The minimal amount of glutamine needed for syncytium formation was only 18 μg/ml. It is suggested that it be ascertained that the culture medium used contains glutamine when Hep-2 cell cultures are used for the cultivation and recognition of RS virus.


The Cloud Computing is a most widely spreading platform for executing tasks using virtual machines (VMs) as processing elements. Therefore, implementing HPC using Cloud Computing is considered a powerful approach by isolating tasks, reducing execution time, as well as, price, and satisfying load balance. In this paper, an enhancement task scheduling algorithm on the Cloud Computing environment has been introduced to reduce the make-span, as well as, decrease the price of executing the independent tasks on the cloud resources. The principles of the algorithm is based on calculating the total processing power of the available resources (i.e., VMs) and the total requested processing power by the users' tasks, then allocating a group of users' tasks to each VM based on the ratio of its needed power relative to the total processing power of all VMs. The power of VMs has been defined based on Amazon EC2 and Google pricing models. To evaluate the performance of the enhancement algorithm, a comparative study has been done among this enhancement algorithm, the default FCFS algorithm, and the existed GA, and PSO algorithms. The experimental results show that the enhancement algorithm outperforms other algorithms by reducing make-span and the price of the running tasks.


"Seventeen Years" Northeast China Industry Novel records the joy and gratitude of the workers at that time over the new life,new environment and new identity.Such novels create the image cluster of workers in modern society.At the same time they display the speech of collective unconsciousness with strong intention.When authors weave their ideals modeled on life due to their Abstractness such ideals will inevitably be in contradiction with the text organization and this leads to self contradiction and lack of authenticity,which results in the self deconstruction of the text.It is the conflict between the strong intention of "Seventeen Years" Northeast China Industry Novel and art law that destroys the literary mode from inside.


In Brazil research activities regarding the GMOs´ biosafety had been developed mainly on risk assessment, but very little on socioeconomic impact and risk communication. These topics were covered through the participation of Brazil in the LAC-Biosafety project in cooperation with Colombia, Costa Rica and Peru. The project was structured in two components: one technical-scientific (gene flow, non-target organisms and socio-economy); and other for communication and public perception. In Brazil the project had the support of specialists from universities and from Embrapa, besides focal points in Ministries (mainly Agriculture, Environment, and Science and Technology). in most cases, they do not reach the level of species. Moreover, the negative impact is more detectable in guilds of parasitoids and herbivores than in other guilds, suggesting that the guild should be a focus for assessments; c) socioeconomic study : comprised the evaluation of ex-ante and ex-post impact of the adoption of GM varieties in three different important cotton production regions. Some similar activities on GM maize were also organized applying CGE-regional methods and risk analysis. The investigation allowed the study of seed production chain and an analysis on the problem of piracy and its effects on smallholder production and productivity. d) the public perception approach, attached to the communication initiative and the technical component of the research project was a pioneer initiative in Brazil. An online questionnaire (to detect the needs of information for the general public) and individual interviews (for the organized society) were applied, in order to build and deliver a variety of communication products, covering a large extension of the country stakeholders demands (TV, radio, newspapers, seminars, internet, pamphlets, among others). It was also possible to develop capacity building activities for decision makers, practitioners and communication professionals. An important outreach was the establishment of a cooperation project with and thank the financial support from GEF/World Bank, Embrapa, and the support offered by CIAT as General Coordinator and all the collaborators in each


My commentary entitled "Fragmentation in General Surgery: the Case of Head and Neck Surgery," 1 which appeared in the September 1989 issue of the Archives of Surgery , has engendered a vigorous response, both in this country and abroad. Much of the response has come from otolaryngologists who have interpreted my commentary as an attack on the specialty of otolaryngology. The commentaries by Drs Byron J. Bailey 2 and David Schuller 3 published in the December 1989 issue of the Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery articulate their strong views in support of their specialty. It is certainly their right to use the pages of a respected and widely read journal to state their opinions. However, both Dr Bailey and Dr Schuller have taken some of my comments out of context. Dr Bailey, in particular, feels that I have exhibited unprofessional and reprehensible conduct for having the temerity to disagree with


This study aims to demonstrate the optimal way to determine the cut-off score to be used to interpret the total scores obtained from an achievement test or scale using the Artificial Neural Networks method. To this end, the multiple-choice item responses in the Booklet-11 Mathematics subtest at the 8th grade level in the TIMSS 2015 Turkey sample dataset were used to determine the cut-off score for the achievement test. The item responses in the "Students Like Learning Mathematics Scale" in the TIMSS 2015 8th grade Mathematics Student Questionnaire were used to determine the cut-off score for the scale. The data were accessed from the TIMSS international database and the data were analyzed in MATLAB R2017b software. As a result of the study, the most appropriate cut-off score to be used for the evaluation of the total scores obtained from the TIMSS 2015 8th grade level Booklet-11 Mathematics subtest was determined as 45.5 out of 0-100 points with the Artificial Neural Network analysis method. The overall level of agreement between the cut-off score and the pass/fail classification based on 400 points, which is the lowest level of the TIMSS International Benchmark, was determined as 81%. The most appropriate cut-off score to be used for the evaluation of the scores obtained from the Students Like Learning Mathematics Scale (SLLSS) in the TIMSS 2015 8th grade student survey was determined as 19.6 out of 9-36 points. The overall level of agreement between the cut-off score and the classification of students who like/don't like learning mathematics using the criterion based on the expression given in the original scale description was found to be 83%. The results concluded that the validity of the standard-setting studies conducted with the artificial neural network method was high. As a result, researchers are recommended to use the Artificial Neural Networks method to determine the cut-off score to be used in the interpretation of the total scores obtained from the achievement test or the total scale scores obtained from the scales.


I found Tony Jones's account of Sheila Tobias's "They're not Dumb, They're Different – Stalking the Second Tier" quite fascinating, but I would take issue with the idea that her conclusions are not relevant to the first tier, whom Jones characterises as "science types who will rise like cream to the top".


In the present paper, the spatial distribution of the slaughterhouses and the slaughterhouse waste management practices in Ecuador are reported. Percentage distribution of slaughterhouses in different regions is presented.


A series of resonances with spacing 0.3 eV has been observed in the 11.2- to 12.5-eV range of the cross section for production of ${\mathrm{H}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ by dissociative attachment of electrons in ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$. Comparison is made with resonances in the elastic scattering and vibronic excitation. Mechanisms involving vibrational levels of quasibound, excited states of ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ are discussed.


The invention relates to a cabinet body of a high-voltage switch cabinet, which is characterized in comprising a sectional material framework, a cabinet body top plate, a busbar chamber side plate, a cable chamber side plate, an instrument box side plate, an instrument box relay board, a breaker side plate, a cabinet body base plate, a left framework, a beam and a right framework. The cabinet body provided by the invention has the advantages that a sectional material is adopted as the framework of the cabinet body, and the cross section of the sectional material is in a thin-wall shape as a whole, so that the material waste cause by that a circular or rectangular cavity of the existing sectional material adopts a same all thickness is avoided; the design of a T-shaped groove is convenient for realizing convenient and fast assembly, and the T-shaped groove has the characteristics of clear edges, smooth lines and the like; the sectional material with specially-designed cross section has the characteristics of saving raw materials and having high bending strength; lap joint between the sectional materials and between the sectional material and other parts is simple, so that the productive efficiency is improved and the productive period is reduced; and other metal plate parts play the role of partition, have low requirements in strength and are only required to be bent simply, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced.


By analyzing the results of a questionnaire to university students on their motives and favorable sport behaviors in university students of Henan province,the writer draws out the subjective and objective elements affecting university students,finds out the rule and character in their sport behaviors.At the same time,trys to give some suggestions on them.


Since the introduction of the maritime container in the mid 1950's, liner shipping groups have migrated from inefficient traditional cargo handling techniques to large cellular vessels which can be seen at any of the world's major ports today. The use of the container improved intermodal productivity and allows for shorter point to point transit times. In addition, cargo damage is reduced. On one hand, shippers and carriers have benefited enormously. On the other hand, they are faced with increased operational complexity as well as a multitude of variable and fixed costs. Managing these is important in particular in situations with intense competition in turbulent financial times. Moreover, the increase of the container population as well as an increasing global trade imbalance resulted in accumulation of empty containers (or empties) in some major port areas and container shortage in other regions. In this paper we consider the problem of empty container management (ECM) / empty container transportation and discuss solution concepts to overcome parts of this situation.


Premises security is of paramount importance in ensuring the safety and protection of buildings and facilities. In this paper, we present an integrated premises security system utilizing a mini robot car equipped with Raspberry Pi 4, DC motor controller, and diverse monitoring sensors and devices. The system's objective is to achieve autonomous navigation, object detection, picture capturing, real-time video streaming, and remote monitoring for enhanced situational awareness and proactive threat detection. The data collected by the robot car are seamlessly transmitted to the Google Firebase cloud, ensuring efficient storage and accessibility. To enable remote monitoring, we develop a custom web application that interfaces with the Google Firebase cloud, providing real-time access to the captured data. This application empowers security personnel to monitor the premises, analyze the streamed videos and pictures, and make informed decisions based on the gathered information. Through successful real-time testing, utilizing real hardware with specially designed software, the implemented system demonstrated its functionalities, effectiveness, and reliability, offering a comprehensive and proactive approach to safeguarding the premises.


The Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact on MSME players, especially in the Bengkalis area. Bengkalis is an archipelago which is a strategic place to promote MSME products to other countries such as Malaysia and Singapore. The ability to use various applications and content creation for digital marketing is an obstacle for Bengkalis UMKM Community members. This is especially the case for the Baby boomers and Gen X people who were not familiar with communication technology such as smartphones at their young ages. Changes in consumers' purchasing patterns from offline to online provide challenges for MSME actors to master digital skills. Through community service, coaching and training were carried out for these business actors who become activity partners. The community service program aimed to provide knowledge and skills to Bengkalis MSME members to gain skills in digital marketing. This program was carried out through face-to-face and online meetings via zoom meetings so that participants can continue to be fostered for three months. Based on surveys to participants, it was found that this program increases the number of consumers on social media through the content they create during coaching. In addition, participants also managed to understand how to create good content to share on social media.


miR-122,a kind of miRNA specifically expressing in the liver,under physiological conditions is involved in basic life activities such as spermatogenesis,development,phenotype,differentiation,metabolism and cell response of liver cells.While under pathological conditions,in addition to promoting replication and translation of HCV,miR-122 also can induce apoptosis of tumor cells,playing the role like tumor suppressor gene in the development process of HCC.


Two new homologous series of new single-chain diether bolaamphiphiles with glycerol headgroups have been synthesized: 1,1′-O-(alkane-α,ω-diyl)bis(rac-glycerol), 1, and 2,2′-O-(alkane-α,ω-diyl)bis(glycerol), 2, bearing 10 to 22 methylene groups (n). They were studied by surface tension measurements, microscopies and X-ray diffraction patterns. From the set of molecules 1, we have shown the formation of amphotropic liquid crystals. A lamellar Lα phase has been identified at high temperature while a more complex second phase was detected at low temperature. In this case, the texture is also characteristic of a lamellar phase (Lβ) and its organization was found to be monoclinic by X-ray analysis. Furthermore, these compounds led to multilamellar vesicles in aqueous solution (liposomes) with the flexibility depending on temperature. Syntheses, comportement en phase aqueuse, et proprie′te′s cristal liquide de bolaamphiphiles a tete glyce′rol. Deux se′ries homologues de mole′cules bolaformes monocate′naires a tete glyce′rol ont e′te′ synthe′tise′es: les 1,1′-O-(alkane-α,ω-diyl)bis(rac-glycerol), 1, et les 2,2′-O-(alkane-α,ω-diyl)bis(glycerol), 2, comportant de 10 a 22 groupes me′thylene. Ils ont ensuite e′te′ e′tudie′s par tensiome′trie, microscopies et diffraction aux rayons X. Dans le cas des mole′cules 1, nous avons observe′ la formation de phases cristal liquide. Une phase lamellaire Lα a e′te′ identifie′e a haute tempe′rature tandis qu'a basse tempe′rature, une phase Lβ est de′tecte′e. De plus, les compose′s conduisent a des ve′sicules multilamellaires en solution aqueuse dont la flexibilite′ de′pend de la tempe′rature.


The aim of this paper is to find out the verbal-aesthetical characteristics of Chang-guk. The plot structure, main characters, and relations between chang(唱)and actions have been studied already but the aesthetic traits mentioned rarely. Chang-guk is composed of two generic traits that of pansori and that of drama, that is to say it is a kind of music drama based on pansori of its musical method and the main story of it. In the genre of Chang-guk, the language of pansori and the performed language of drama is mixed in general. For the writer and producer of it the ability of reforms that language is given widely. As a result the characteristics of the language of Chang-guk can be arranged as follow. ① a basic language which convey the story, ② the language of chang that emotionally configurate the story, ③ various languages that visualized in the course of performance of it. The languages of literature assumes the cognitive reception of the readers. The readers read the texts critically by which they reconstructs the story, and make sense of the text basically. The spectator who is watching the Chang-guk does a sensitivity accommodation. Another words, they do the complex aesthetic activity appropriation(or sympathy) and distancination of the text played on the stage. But sometimes in Chang-guk appropriation(sympathy) takes precedence over distancination. In the principle of sympathy Chang-guk brings into play a language that is pertinent to a identity of character and a situation. The language of Chang-guk has a productivity that promotes the change and reproduction of genre. It built on the narrative and the songs and narration of pansori, but Chang-guk is a kind of upheaval dramatical language that dissimilar to pansori. And as a result of drama production, Chang-guk has a creative productivity in literary languages.


The palm oil bleaching process was optimised through characteristic study of the sorption capacity of Ibusa and Kogi clay activated with nitric and sulphuric acids. The raw clays were characterised for structure elucidation via FTIR and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopic techniques and the result indicates that Kogi clay is predominantly kaolinite while Ibusa sample is montmorillonite. The response surface methodology based on 42-full factorial design was applied for the process analysis. Effects of process variables such as acid concentration, bleaching temperature, contact time, clay-oil ratio and particle size distribution was analysed employing the characterisation-control-optimisation paradigm necessary for detailed process design for optimum bleaching efficiency. A sequence of experiments was carried out at different settings of the process variables and their interactive sorption effects were calculated in terms of adsorption efficiency. Acid concentration and bleaching time were found to be the most significant process parameter. Predictive equations describing the optimum bleaching efficiency in terms of the process variables were derived from regression analysis of the experimental data. A maximum mean adsorption strength of 40 units was predicted for both specimens through activation wit HNO3 acid at mean acid concentration of 6.12 mol/l and mean bleaching time of 48.88 mins, while H2SO4 acid recorded relatively low adsorption strength of 24 units with Kogi clay and negligible strength of 8 units with Ibusa sample at the same experimental condition. Overall, HNO3 acid activated Kogi clay shows robustness to expanded variable effects and could be recommended for general application in lieu of bentonite.


The divestment of stocks of Canadian companies which have business connections with South Africa has often been suggested as a way to bring about changes in that country. This study evaluates the cost of divestment to an "average" Canadian pension fund. The general importance of South African stocks in international portfolio diversification is first examined. The study then goes on to identify specific Canadian companies with South African connections. The risk-return characteristics of the resultng pension portfolio is scrutinized after excluding the divestment candidates from an "average" Canadian pension fund. Policy implications are suggested based on the difference in the performance of the fund before and after the removal of divestment candidates.


It is well established that certain anthracene-9,10-diones such as Mitoxantrone (24b) and Amentantrone (24a) are potent anticancer drugs but suffer from the disadvantage that they are also cardiotoxic. Few sulfur containing anthracene-9,10-diones have been researched for their biological activity, and the current studies were aimed to synthesise a series of anthracene9,10-dione derivatives containing both as substituted and as part of the ring system in an endeavour to conserve their anticancer activity but reduce their cardiotoxicity. A series of twenty four anthracene-9,10-diones were synthesized, seventeen of which have not been previously reported. Twelve of those derivatives contained sulfur and include the 1,4bis(amino)-5,8-bis(sulfanyl)anthracene-9,10-diones, which were synthesised from the amination of 2,3-dihydro-9,10-dihydroxy-5,8-dichloroanthracene-l,4-dione with selected amines followed by the subsequent reaction with thiolates. A ring derivative was also synthesised, 7-(aminoalkyl)-14H-naptho[2,3-a]phenothiazine-8,13-dione from the reaction of l-(alkylamino)-4-hydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione and 2-aminothiophenol with boric acid. Semi-empirical molecular orbital methods were employed to model the anthracene-9,10-dione derivatives. To establish the most appropriate method for calculation a set of well known anthracene-9,10-diones were selected from the Cambridge crystallographic database and compared to computational data obtained using the AMI, PM3 and MNDO methods. All three methods give reasonable structures by comparison with the experimental data, when suitable constraints were applied to the optimisations. On balance the AMI method was selected to model the synthesized anthracene-9,10-dione derivatives in this work. AMI produced more accurate results for the nitrogen-carbon and oxygen carbon bond lengths. It also required no constraints when the simple sulfur derivatives were optimised. A series of reference calculations at the ab initio 6-31G** level were also carried out, to check veracity of the of the results obtained form the AMI method. The computational data highlighted two factors that may be significant in the biological activity of anthracene-9,10-diones. It appears that molecules that are biologically active contain alkylamino groups at the 1-and 4position and have ionization potentials in the range of 7.7-7.9 eV. The computational data of the derivatives synthesized in this work shows many of them meet this criteria and therefore may possess anti-cancer activity, though this aspect of the research was not addressed in the current studies.


In this study, effects of different working conditions on a organic flow battery performance were investigated. The organic redox flow battery was assembled based on AQS as positive material and Br2/HBr as negative material. So there were no metal ions in the new battery. When the electrolyte flow rates or the currents were changed, the battery performance changed apparently. Higher flow rate can improve battery performance, while higher current can reduce the battery discharge capacity and discharge voltage. As the improvements are limited, we need choose the appropriate working conditions to get the best battery performance in practical applications.


The paper presents the propagation analysis of ultrawideband Gaussian signal in an automated collaborative warehouse environment where human and robots communicate to ensure that mutual collisions do not occur. The warehouse racks are principally modeled as clusters of metallic (PEC) parallelepipeds, with dimensions chosen to approximate the realistic warehouse. The signal propagation is analyzed using a ray tracing software, with the goal to calculate the path loss profile for different representative scenarios and antenna polarizations. The influence of the rack surface roughness onto propagation is also analyzed. The guidelines for optimum antenna positions on humans and robots for safe communication are proposed according to the simulations results.


1. Introduction.- 2. Problem Formulation.- 2.1. Notations and representations.- 2.2. Restrictive assumptions.- 2.3. Optimality criteria.- 2.3.1. Regular measures.- 18.104.22.168. Criteria based on completion times.- 220.127.116.11. Criteria based on due dates.- 126.96.36.199. Criteria based on inventory cost and utilization.- 2.3.2. Relations between criteria.- 2.3.3. Analysis of scheduling costs.- 2.4. Classification of problems.- 3. Methods of Solution.- 3.1. Complete enumeration.- 3.2. Combinatorial analysis.- 3.3. Mixed integer and non-linear programming.- 3.3.1. [Bowman 1959].- 3.3.2. [Pritsker et al. 1969].- 3.3.3. [Wagner 1959].- 3.3.4. [Manne 1960].- 3.3.5. [Nepomiastchy 1973].- 3.4. Branch-and-bound.- 3.5. Dynamic programming.- 3.5.1. [Held and Karp 1962 Lawler 1964].- 3.5.2. [Lawler and Moore 1969].- 3.6. Complexity theory.- 3.7. Heuristic methods.- 3.7.1. Priority rules.- 3.7.2. Bayesian analysis.- 4. One-Machine Problems.- 4.1. n|1?cmax problems.- 4.1.1. The n|1?Cmax problem.- 4.1.2. The n|1?Lmax problem.- 4.1.3. The general n|1?cmax problem.- 4.2. n|1|i|Cmax problems.- 4.2.1. The n|1|ri0|cmax problem.- 22.214.171.124. Lower bound by job splitting.- 18.104.22.168. The algorithm of McMahon and Florian 62.- 18.104.22.168. Precedence constraints.- 4.2.2. The n|1|seq dep|cmax problem.- 4.2.3. The n|1|prec|cmax problem.- 4.3. n|1??ci problems.- 4.3.1. The n|1??wiCi problem.- 4.3.2. The n|1??wiTi problem.- 4.3.3. The general n|1??Ci problem.- 18.104.22.168. Elimination criteria.- 18.104.22.168. A branch-and-bound algorithm.- 4.4. n|1|?|?Ci problems.- 4.4.1. The n|1|ri ? 0|?Ci problem.- 4.4.2. The n|1|seq dep|?Ci problem.- 4.4.3. The n|1|prec|?Ci problem.- 5. Two-Machine and Three-Machine Problems.- 5.1. The n|2|?,?|cmax and n|3|?,?|cmax problem.- 5.2. The n|2|F|?Ci problem.- 5.3. The n|2|P|Cmax problem with time lags.- 6. General Flow-Shop and Job-Shop Problems.- 6.1. The n|m|P|? problem.- 6.1.1. Elimination criteria for the n|m|P|Cmax problem.- 6.1.2. Lower bounds for the n|m|P|cmax problem.- 6.2. The n|m|F|? problem.- 6.3. The n|m|G|? problem.- 6.3.1. Lower bounds.- 6.3.2. Branching rules.- 18.104.22.168. The procedure 'actsched'.- 188.8.131.52. Branching on disjunctive arcs.- 6.4. The n|m|?, no wait|? problem.- 7. Concluding Remarks.- 7.1. Complexity of scheduling problems.- 7.2. Practical scheduling problems.- 7.3. Conclusions.- List Of Notations.- References.- Author Index.


Atrophied premaxilla is considered one of the most problematic areas for rehabilitation with implant due to diminished ridge width and/or length. Using of ridge splitting technique is one of the conservative surgical procedures that can be done under local anesthesia to increase the width of alveal ridge. Materials &methods: Fourteen partially edentulous patients of both sexes were selected for this study with missing upper central or lateral incisors with proper bone height at the edentulous area (the average length was 13 mm) and resorbed bucco-lingual width (average bucco-lingual width was 3:4 mm) as indicated from ridge mapping and computed CT scan. Patients were divided into 2 groups. In Group one, ridge splitting was done using closed technique while in Group 2 ridge splitting was done using open technique, splitting was followed with simultaneous implantation in both group. Result: Increasing of bone width were achieved in both group with ossoeintegration of installed implants, also the length and width of buccal bone in Group 1(closed technique) showed statistically significant bone loss in both vertical and buccolingual dimension in 4 cases and statistically non-significant change in the other cases. While length and width of buccal bone in the Group 2 (open technique) showed statistically non-significant change along the follow up periods at 12 and 18 months. Conclusion: Open technique of ridge splitting is simple technique that can improve ridge width with simultaneous implantation without postoperative complication.


Loss distributions of branched fibers in field-installed and in-service passive optical networks are measured from a central office for the first time by using end-reflection-assisted Brillouin analysis. The statistical properties of branch lengths, their differences below outside optical splitters, and the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) of installed fibers, which are key parameters in the design of the proposed technique, are also investigated. A complete loss distribution measurement for individual branched fibers was successfully achieved by compensating for BFS variation in the field with a frequency-shift averaging technique.


This letter proposes an analytical model to evaluate the collision probability on the Random-Access CHannel (RACH) in Long-Term Evolution systems as a function of the number of user equipment, the number of available preambles, and the Inter-arrival times of the RACH Requests (IRRs) of the average user. The model for the IRR of the average user is obtained from real traffic data captured at the eNodeB of a mobile operator, and is derived by emulating the radio resource control (RRC) state machine for different RRCs Inactivity timer (RRCIT) settings. The results of this letter suggest that when RRCIT is set to a few seconds, a mixture model is more accurate than the Poisson hypothesis both in modeling the IRR and in estimating the RACH performance.


This paper describes the application of a noninvasive field measurement approach linked with FE design techniques to optimise the identification and control of pressure node locations (associated with regions of cavitation) within small liquid filled vessels (e.g. 100mm diameter, 150mm height). The measurement technique is based on the interferometric detection of refractive index changes in transparent media due to pressure, coupled with modified tomographic scanning routines, to allow the reconstruction of a three-dimensional map of pressure within cylindrical vessels. Importantly, an adaptive algorithm was developed to control the firing angle of the interferometer in order to compensate for the refractional effects introduced by arbitrary cell structures and hence, maintain the parallel projections essential for reconstruction accuracy. These systems were simulated in the FE domain with good correspondence between the optically measured profiles and theoretical profiles established. The validated virtual prototyping platform was then used to design systems with specific field characteristics for increased probability of cavitational effects. Examples of improved designs utilising variations in cell arrangements and characteristics are presented.


Multi-agent systems in which secondary agents with conflicting agendas also alter their methods need opponent modeling. In this study, we simulate the main agent's and secondary agents' tactics using Double Deep Q-Networks (DDQN) with a prioritized experience replay mechanism. Then, under the opponent modeling setup, a Mixture-of-Experts architecture is used to identify various opponent strategy patterns. Finally, we analyze our models in two environments with several agents. The findings indicate that the Mixture-of-Experts model, which is based on opponent modeling, performs better than DDQN.


A model is built to identify splash defect and incomplete fusion defect of aluminum alloy resistance spot welding based on Support Vector Machine method. The characteristic vector used in the model is extracted from process curves of aluminum alloy resistance spot welding. This model is trained and tested with different sample data. The test result shows that the accuracy rate of identifying splash defect is 96.7% and the accuracy rate of identifying incomplete fusion defect is 100% under given sample data. Therefore, it is reliable to identify multiclass defects of aluminum alloy resistance spot welding with Support Vector Machine method.


Germline defense against transposons Genomes of germ cells present an existential vulnerability to organisms because germ cell mutations will propagate to future generations. Transposable elements are one source of such mutations. In the small flowering plant Arabidopsis, Long et al. found that genome methylation in the male germline is directed by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) imperfectly transcribed from transposons (see the Perspective by Mosher). These germline siRNAs silence germline transposons and establish inherited methylation patterns in sperm, thus maintaining the integrity of the plant genome across generations. Science, abh0556, this issue p. eabh0556; see also abj5020, p. 26 Small RNAs in plant male germline cells silence transposons and establish genome methylation patterns in the next generation. INTRODUCTION Epigenetic modifications to chromatin, such as the methylation of DNA cytosines, carry regulatory information across the generations in plants and animals. Epigenetic marks are inherited through germlines, which can undergo epigenetic reprogramming that affects germline function. Mammalian germlines undergo genome-wide demethylation and remethylation, which resets epigenetic marks and restores cellular pluripotency. Germlines of flowering plants differentiate later than those of mammals and undergo distinct DNA methylation reprogramming. Global methylation level changes have been observed in plant germ cells, as well as local de novo methylation that regulates germline gene expression. However, the reprogramming mechanism remains unclear, which limits the understanding of tissue-specific and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in plants. RATIONALE De novo methylation of genes in the Arabidopsis male germline is catalyzed by the small RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway (RdDM). RdDM uses 24-nucleotide (nt) small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) transcribed from a source locus, typically a transposon, to guide methyltransferases to methylate the cognate region. RdDM is ubiquitous among cells and normally methylates transposons. We investigated how RdDM targets genes in the germline, how such reprogramming is limited to the germline, and how the hundreds of target genes are selected. RESULTS We show that in Arabidopsis, germline-specific methylation at hundreds of genes is established by 24-nt siRNAs transcribed from hypermethylated transposons with imperfect sequence homology. CRISPR deletion of siRNA source transposons abolishes DNA methylation at corresponding genes in male meiocytes, demonstrating the ability of these siRNAs to target methylation in trans with mismatches. Furthermore, we found that meiocytes are quiescent in 24-nt siRNA biogenesis, and the gene targeting siRNAs are produced in tapetal nurse cells and transported into meiocytes. The siRNA profile of tapetal cells resembles that of meiocytes, suggesting bulk siRNA movement through the cytoplasmic channels (known as plasmodesmata) that connect these cells during early meiosis. Although gene-targeting siRNAs accumulate to levels in the tapetum comparable with those in meiocytes, the target genes are not methylated in the tapetum, showing that meiocytes can use imperfectly matching siRNAs to target DNA methylation. We also show that the biogenesis of gene-targeting siRNAs in the tapetum is driven by a putative chromatin remodeler, CLASSY3 (CLSY3). CLSY3 is absent in vegetative tissues but enriched in female and male organs. In male organs, CLSY3 is specifically expressed in tapetal cells. The clsy3 mutation eliminates de novo methylation at genes in male meiocytes as well as sperm, revealing the role of tapetal siRNAs in driving methylation reprogramming throughout the male germline. This conclusion was reinforced with experiments with a genetic mosaic system that restricted siRNA biogenesis to the tapetum. In the mosaic lines, tapetal siRNAs restore methylation in the male germline at genes specifically methylated in the germline and at transposons targeted by RdDM in all tissues. This shows that tapetal siRNAs shape the full spectrum of RNA-directed DNA methylation throughout the male germline, from meiocytes to sperm. As tapetal siRNAs induce methylation at transposons in the male germline, we investigated whether these siRNAs serve to silence germline transposons in addition to their gene regulatory function. We found that tapetal siRNAs methylate and prevent the expression of a Gypsy retrotransposon (GP1) that is specifically active in reproductive cells, demonstrating that tapetal siRNAs ensure germline genome integrity by suppressing transposons. CONCLUSION Our work reveals the role of tapetum-derived 24-nt siRNAs in determining the paternal methylome. Tapetal siRNAs drive de novo methylation at genes in the germline and safeguard genome integrity by silencing transposons. The ability of meiocytes to use mismatched 24-nt siRNAs to induce methylation allows RdDM to target sequences similar to those of transposons that produce siRNAs in the tapetum. This should facilitate recognition and silencing of new transposons, indicating that meiosis is a key stage for genome surveillance and allows RdDM to specifically regulate germline gene expression. The broad targeting competence of tapetal siRNAs resembles that of metazoan gonad-expressed Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), suggesting convergent evolution of specialized small RNA pathways to control transposons and genes in plant and animal germlines. Tapetal siRNAs shape germline DNA methylation. RNA polymerase IV (Pol IV) transcripts are processed by RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 2 (RDR2) and Dicer-Like 3 (DCL3) into 24-nt siRNAs. Tapetal siRNAs are transcribed from transposons, enabled by CLSY3 expression. Tapetal siRNAs move to meiocytes and induce methylation at corresponding transposons and genes with similar sequences. This genic methylation is germline-specific, indicating that the siRNA-targeted de novo methylation pathway is hypersensitive in meiocytes. TE, transposable element. CREDIT: ADAPTED BY N. CARY/SCIENCE The plant male germline undergoes DNA methylation reprogramming, which methylates genes de novo and thereby alters gene expression and regulates meiosis. Here, we reveal the molecular mechanism underlying this reprogramming. We demonstrate that genic methylation in the male germline, from meiocytes to sperm, is established by 24-nucleotide small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) transcribed from transposons with imperfect sequence homology. These siRNAs are synthesized by meiocyte nurse cells (tapetum) through activity of CLSY3, a chromatin remodeler absent in other anther cells. Tapetal siRNAs govern germline methylation throughout the genome, including the inherited methylation patterns in sperm. Tapetum-derived siRNAs also silence germline transposons, safeguarding genome integrity. Our results reveal that tapetal siRNAs are sufficient to reconstitute germline methylation patterns and drive functional methylation reprogramming throughout the male germline.


The aim of this thesis is to investigate the flow structure past two tandem square cylinders under shallow water condition by using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique. In all experiments, two plexsiglas square cylinders having the diameter of D = 28 mm were used. All experiments were carried out in 14 mm deep water and free stream velocity was U = 160 mm/sn. Experiments were performed for three different types of view section; side view, plan view bottom plane (2mm), plan view top-plane (14mm). The distance between the cylinders was changed between G=0mm and 140mm, which corresponds to a dimensionless gap ratio of G/D = 0 to 5. In order to understand the effect of the spacing between square cylinders, three sets of experiments were performed and each set includes 350 instantaneous images. In this way, average velocity vectors, streamlines, vortex structures and Reynold stresses were obtained. *


In his classes, John Rawls routinely quoted R. G. Collingwood's remark that "the history of political theory is not the history of different answers to one and the same question, but the history of a problem more or less constantly changing, whose solution was changing with it" (Rawls 2000b: xvi). To understand Rawls's own work, we would do well to understand the problem he took himself to be addressing. Fortunately, Rawls tells us what that problem is: During much of modern moral philosophy the predominant systematic theory has been some form of utilitarianism. One reason for this is that it has been espoused by a long line of brilliant writers who have built up a body of thought truly impressive in its scope and refinement. … Those who criticized them often did so on a much narrower front. … [T]hey failed, I believe, to construct a workable and systematic moral conception to oppose it. The outcome is that we often seem forced to choose between utilitarianism and intuitionism. … What I have attempted to do is to generalize and carry to a higher order of abstraction the traditional theory of the social contract. … [T]his theory seems to offer an alternative to the dominant utilitarianism of the tradition. … Of the traditional views, it is this conception, I believe, which best approximates our considered judgments of justice and constitutes the most appropriate moral basis for a democratic society. (1999: xviii)


The method for determination of the interface proximity during depth profiling carried out using x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy in combination with ion etching is described. The optimization procedure is based on the additional registration of the true secondary electron peak (TSEP) taking into account that the true secondary electrons have greater escape depth and the peak energy position considerably depends on the work function alterations. The proposed method uses TSEP spectral characteristics that are capable of predicting the approach of the interface in advance compared to the traditional methods. Since the intensity of TSEP is much greater compared to that of Auger and photoelectron lines, then the time to register it is sufficiently less than the characteristic spectral acquisition time. On the other hand, the TSEP may be registered during ion etching as a result of ion‐induced electron emission. The obtained results show that ion electron emission is very conven...


This paper investigates the target geolocation accuracy attainable using SAR. The airborne radar trials were sponsored by UK MoD under its research program. The results confirm that SAR target geolocation is a viable all-weather targeting capability. It has been demonstrated that SAR can be used to accurately position targets to within 4 m for broadside imaging geometries and to within 10 m for squinted geometries up to 40/spl deg/ at stand-off ranges of 50 km. The squinted results were worse than expected due to possible timing errors on the trials radar. If state of the art GPS and INS integrated methods are used then it should be possible to increase the geolocation performance still further.


[1]Madsen, P. A., Murray, R. and Sorensen, O. R., 1991. A new form of Boussinesq equations with improved linear dispersion characteristics, Coast. Eng., 15,371~388. [2]Madsen, P. A. and Sorensen, O. R., 1992. A new form of Boussinesq equations with improved linear dispersion characteristics, Part 2: A slowly-varying bathymetry, Coast. Eng., 18, 183~204. [3]Nwogu, O., 1993. Alternative form of Boussinesq equations for nearshore wave propagation, Journal of Waterways,Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, ASCE 119 (6), 618 ~ 638. [4]WANG, Y. X., 1994. Numerical Wave Channel with Absorbing Wave-Maker, Journal of Hydrodynamics, Ser. A, 9,205~ 214. (in Chinese) [5]WANG, Y. X., 1994. A Study on Periodic Wave Breaking by Absorbed Numerical Wave Channel, Proceedings of the Fourth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, 32~36. [6]WANG, Y. X. and REN, B., 1997. Numerical Simulation of Wave Slamming by Turbulent Model, PACON97 Proceedings, 251 ~ 259. [7]ZOU, Z. L., 1999. Higher Order Boussinesq Equations, Science in China, Ser, E., 27 (5), 460~ 473. (in Chinese)


For the first time, zirconia nanocrystalline powders were derived using baddeleyite as raw material by ultrafine milling. Powders containing 19 vol% of monoclinic phase were produced by milling of baddeleyite with addition of 11 mol% of CaO. Crystallite size of tetragonal and cubic phases in resulting powders is 3–5 nm and about 15 nm in the case of monoclinic phase. Typical agglomerate's size found by scanning electron microscopy ranges from ~0.1 to 10 µm. Sintered ceramics with tetragonal zirconia content of 95 vol% and crystallite size of ~50 nm are produced from the powders.