Male infertility as the only presenting sign of cystic fibrosis when homozygous for the mild mutation R117H Since the identification of the cystic fibrosis gene (CFTR),' more than 265 mutations have been described (CF Genetic Analysis Consortium, 1992). The most common disease causing mutation, AF508, occurs in approximately 70% of CF chromosomes and causes moderate to severe disease,' with variable prevalence in populations of different ethnic origins. Among the numerous rare mutations, Rl 17H (a G to A transition at nucleotide 482) produces a missense amino acid substitution (arginine to histidine) in the first transmembrane domain of CFTR. It has only been reported in the heterozygous state, usually with AF508 occurring in the other CFTR gene; the compound heterozygotes are mildly affected.'6 We have studied a 30 year old French male with sterility owing to congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD). He is homozygous for the R117H CFTR mutation , which was detected by DGGE screening and characterised by direct sequencing of PCR amplified DNA from exon 4 using the Sequenase USB kit. The subject has no respiratory or pancreatic involvement and has a normal sweat electrolyte value. His parents are not consanguineous and there are no other cases of CBAVD or CF in his family. Based on the primary finding of a higher rate of AF508 heterozygosity in infertile males,78 it has recently been suggested that isolated CBAVD might represent a primary genital form of CF.9'0 Several males presenting with infertility have been found to be heterozygotes for AF508 and other known mutations and on investigation have mild CF with normal or raised sweat electrolytes and subclinical lung disease. However, this is the first report of homozygosity for Rl 17H. It results in a clinical presentation of CBAVD cystic fibrosis completely devoid of the classical symptoms of CF. Among the reported cases of rare alleles of CFTR found in compound heterozygotes, the RI 17H mutation seems to be highly represented. It should be systematically screened for in all patients with CBAVD, as it may represent a common CF mutation causing very mild disease, with infertility as the only clinical presentation. Identification of the cystic fibrosis gene: chromosome walking and jumping. mutations in highly conserved residues are found in mildly affected cystic fibrosis patients. 4 Mickle JE, Oates RD, Anguiano A, et al. A frequent compound heterozygous cystic fibro-sis genotype in males with congenital bilateral absence of the …


The Brazilian Cerrado region which covers an area of 180 million ha is characterized by soils with favorable topography but very poor soil fertility, and due for that, it was considered until recently, unsuitable for agriculture. Liming for base saturation of 50%, in general, together with PKS and micronutrients correction allowed this region to become one of the most important "break baskets" of the world. In recent years the adoption of the notillage system is showing the relevant role of organic matter on soil fertility improvement. This region is now responsible for over 50% of the country soybean, corn, coffee and beef production.


The development of tea houses in a city can be described as an expansion of individual activities and a development of space of social activities, and also as a marker for the development of the realm of public life. While the basic nature of these venues of consumption is to supplement "daily life", as the city develops commercially, the element of "relaxation and recreation" is more emphasized, and hence they become important places for social entertainment in the city.


We study the impact of astrophysical processes on the gamma-ray background produced by the annihilation of dark matter particles in cosmological halos, with particular attention to the consequences of the formation of supermassive black holes. In scenarios where these objects form adiabatically from the accretion of matter on small seeds, dark matter is first compressed into very dense "spikes," then its density progressively decreases due to annihilations and scattering off of stellar cusps. With respect to previous analyses, based on nonevolving halos, the predicted annihilation signal is higher and significantly distorted at low energies, reflecting the large contribution to the total flux from unevolved spikes at high redshifts. The peculiar spectral feature arising from the specific redshift distribution of the signal, would discriminate the proposed scenario from more conventional astrophysical explanations. We discuss how this affects the prospects for detection and demonstrate that the gamma-ray background from dark matter (DM) annihilations might be detectable even in the absence of a signal from the Galactic center.


We report a theoretical and experimental study on the role of indistinguishability in the estimation of an interferometric phase. In particular, we show that the quantum Fisher information, which limits the maximum precision achievable in the parameter estimation, increases linearly with respect to the degree of indistinguishability between the input photons in a two-port interferometer, in the ideal case of a pure probe state. We experimentally address the role played by the indistinguishability for the case of two photons entering a polarization-based interferometer, where the degree of indistinguishability is characterized by the overlap between two spatial modes. The experimental results support the fact that, even in the presence of white noise, a quantum enhancement in the interferometric phase estimation can be obtained from a minimum degree of indistinguishability.


The utility model discloses a pneumatic multifunctional stirring and homogenizing mixer. The mixer comprises a pedestal, a pneumatic control box, a stirring cylinder, a stirring cylinder cover and a transmission component, wherein a shell is arranged on the pedestal; a lifting guide rail and a lifting cylinder are vertically fixed in the shell; the pneumatic control box is arranged on the shell; the stirring cylinder is arranged beside the pedestal and the stirring cylinder and the shell are arranged side by side; a discharge port is formed on the bottom of the stirring cylinder; the stirring cylinder cover is detachably connected with the top of the stirring cylinder; a stirring shaft is arranged along a middle shaft of the stirring cylinder cover; a high-shear emulsification machine shaft and a dispersion shaft are arranged on the two sides of the stirring cylinder cover respectively; the lower ends of the stirring shaft, the high-shear emulsification machine shaft and the dispersion shaft are provided with a stirring paddle, a high-shear emulsification head and a dispersion disk which are extended into the stirring cylinder respectively; the transmission component comprises a transverse plate; one side of the bottom surface of the transverse plate is connected with the top of the lifting component, and the other side of the bottom surface of the transverse plate is connected with the top of the stirring cylinder cover; a reducer and a pneumatic motor which are matched with each other are arranged on the transverse plate; the upper end of the stirring shaft passes through the transverse plate and is matched with the reducer through a transmission chain; another pneumatic motor is also arranged on the transverse plate; and the upper ends of the high-shear emulsification machine shaft and the dispersion shaft pass through the transverse plate and are connected with the pneumatic motor through a transmission belt respectively.


The concepts of σ-statistical convergence, statistical σ-convergence and strong σq-convergence of single (ordinary) sequences have been introduced and studied in [M. Mursaleen, O.H.H. Edely, On the invariant mean and statistical convergence, App. Math. Lett. 22, (2011), 1700–1704] which were obtained by unifying the notions of density and invariant mean. In this paper, we extend these ideas from single to double sequences. We also use the concept of statistical σ-convergence of double sequences to prove a Korovkin-type approximation theorem for functions of two variables and give an example to show that our Korovkin-type approximation theorem is stronger than those proved earlier by other authors.


Malicious software, known as malware, has become urgently serious threat for computer security, so automatic mal-ware classification techniques have received increasing attention. In recent years, deep learning (DL) techniques for computer vision have been successfully applied for malware classification by visualizing malware files and then using DL to classify visualized images. Although DL-based classification systems have been proven to be much more accurate than conventional ones, these systems have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks. However, there has been little research to consider the danger of adversarial attacks to visualized image-based malware classification systems. This paper proposes an adversarial attack method based on the gradient to attack image-based malware classification systems by introducing perturbations on resource section of PE files. The experimental results on the Malimg dataset show that by a small interference, the proposed method can achieve success attack rate when challenging convolutional neural network malware classifiers.


Ruhi Bey is the protagonist of Edip Cansever's poem and the book titled as "Ben Ruhi Bey Nasılım". But, in this study, his presence finds its meaning with the presence of other people and the objects -activistsas in the all of the other literary works depending on the principle of narration. Therefore, this study focuses on the analyses of the protagonists and supporting characters which are differing or embracing but continuing all together. The basic embracing role is the feel of alienation which the characters' falling into emptiness and carrying within them. This role that turn into an illness of maintaining a passive attitude towards the world and not being able to find their own place in it is analyzed by paying attention to the principles of existentialist philosophy. The meaning of this philosophy ascribed to existence and death and the attitude towards fate is analyzed by focusing on the words that the characters use to introduce themselves and each other. These analyses are supported with the statements of existentialist philosophers and the presence of existentialism in Turkish culture and literature is strictly followed. The feature differing Ruhi Bey from the other characters is his questioning and finding answers to his questions. Ruhi Bey catches this feature that existentialism requires people to make sense of existence by releasing his past. For this reason, in the study -as it is in the poem"past" is firstly examined. Ruhi Bey getting rid of his past sorrows by connecting today and burying the dead passed through this process with extensive grief. But the boy who was born because of the pains is Ruhi Bey's new and fresh face. In this study, this face was constructed with Edip Cansever's ideas about human "unity" and crowds and this study was completed with discussion of Edip Cansever's existentialism. The reached judgments at the end of the study are important in terms of concretizing Edip Cansver's thoughts on the relationship between poetry and human.


Galena particles (concentrate) were analyzed by sedimentation method using conventional technique, appropriate apparatus and reagents. A critical evaluation of the relationship between effective particle depth and a consortium of factorials; settling time and particle diameter was carried out using a derived model which is two-factorial-quadratic in nature. Results of the sedimentation analysis show increased effective depth reached by the particles as a result of decrease in the descending particle diameter, and increased settling time. The validity of derived model; β = 2 x 10-5 γ2 - 5 x 10-4 γ – 1.5 x 10-3 α + 0.2176 is rooted on the core expression β - 1.5 x 10-3 = 2 x 10-5 γ2 - 5 x 10-4 γ + 0.2176 where both sides of the expression are correspondingly approximately equal to 0.2. The model validity was verified through comparative evaluation of the settling rates from experimental and model-predicted results. These settling rates are 0.002 and 0.0025 m/mins. respectively which are in proximate agreement. The standard error incurred in predicting the effective particle depth for each value of settling time & particle diameter considered as evaluated from experiment and derived model are 0.0018 and 0.0027 & 0.0005 and 0.0024 respectively. Maximum deviation of model-predicted results from experiment was less than 3%, implying a confidence applicability level of about 97%.


A set of equations is proposed as a model for nonlinear light-matter interactions in monolayer graphene with pulsed light. At normal incidence, these equations predict SHG by encapsulating a new mechanism of centrosymmetry breaking.


In a recent article, Donald Sievert advances a new and interesting interpretation of the cogito.1 Supposedly, this interpretation enjoys an advantage over all others in that it explains how Descartes could have expressed both doubt and certainty regarding his own existence without falling victim to self-contradiction. In briefest outline, the view Sievert would have us adopt is this: First, Descartes is said to "observe" occurrent mental acts (S, 55).2 When these observations take place, Descartes ". . . does not doubt, and cannot imagine doubting, the existence of what he observes. . . . " (S, 58). That is to say, when Descartes "observes" mental acts, he has knowledge of (S, 51), or is certain of (S, 57), the existence of such acts. Further, particular thoughts or mental acts cannot be conceived of by Descartes as existing apart from a thinking substance (S, 55) or self (S, 51, note 1). Thus, whenever Descartes observes a mental act, he must conclude that there is an existent thinking substance or self in which that act "resides" (S, 55). Still, because this conclusion rests upon an inference or judgment, and reasoning of this sort "carries with it the risk of doubt," Descartes cannot know that he exists as a thinking substance until a veracious God has been proven to exist (S, 51, 55, 58). However, if Descartes considers himself only "in terms of the acts which he observes" (that is, if he takes himself to be the mental acts which are observed), he can know that he exists, for it is impossible to doubt the existence of observed mental acts (S, 55-56). I believe that Sievert is correct when he insists that Descartes expresses both doubt and certainty concerning his own existence.3 I also believe that Sievert is pursuing a proper course when he tries to explain this vacillation in Descartes' thought. However, I do not think that Sievert's interpretation of the cogito is correct; and in what follows I am going to argue that his analysis must be rejected because it


Although there is a consensus about the responsibility of betahemolytic streptococcus in the rheumatic fever (RF) etiology, in this article the author claims that persist doubts about a possible concomitant viral condition. This paper also reviews the streptococcus structures and stresses the fact that each outbreak of the disease is produced by a different streptococcus serotype. Concerning the pathogenesis, the author discusses three different mechanisms: a) slow bacterial action, b) the action produced by toxins and c) hypersensitivity reactions. Finally, the author also emphasizes the recent discovery of a B cell antigen called D 8/17.


The genus Metaeuchromius Bleszynski is studied in China, with four species treated in this paper. Metaeuchromius singulispinalis sp. nov. and M. anacanthus sp. nov. are described as new; M. inflatus Schouten, 1997 is newly recorded for China; and the female of M. flavofascialis Park, 1990 is described for the first time. Images of the adults and genitalia are provided, along with keys to all the known species based on male and female genitalia.


Subtitle: Big ships constrain large ports, but also pressure regional, feeder ports to keep up as smaller vessels cascade down.


Wyner-Ziv (WZ) video coding shifts the burden of complex calculations from the encoder to the decoder, making it suitable for video coding scenarios with limited resources. Motivated by deep learning has shown superior performance over traditional methods, this paper proposes deep WZ video coding with the help of auxiliary hierarchical features in the decoder. It uses an autoencoder to encode WZ frames. In the decoder side, an inter-frame correlation model called SI-Net is employed to enhance WZ frame quality with Key frames. The auxiliary hierarchical features are extracted from Key frames through multi-level downsampling and employed in autoencoder to optimize feature extraction, avoiding gradient disappearance caused by deep networks. Since the auxiliary hierarchical features of Key frames describe spatial information and expand the network's perception of video frame features, a high-quality WZ frame reconstructed can be obtained. Compared with previous work, our method shows obvious superiority on four video datasets with different degrees of motion.


In this study, we compared measured maximal heart rate (HRmax) to two different HRmax prediction equations [220 — age and 208 — 0.7(age)] in 52 children ages 7-17 years. We determined the relationship of chronological age, maturational age, and resting HR to measured HRmax and assessed seated resting HR and HRmax during a graded exercise test. Maturational age was calculated as the maturity offset in years from the estimated age at peak height velocity. Measured HRmax was 201 ± 10 bpm, whereas predicted HRmax ranged from 199 to 208 bpm. Measured HRmax and the predicted value from the 208 — 0.7(age) prediction were similar but lower (p < .05) than the 220 — age prediction. Absolute differences between measured and predicted HRmax were 8 ± 5 and 10 ± 8 bpm for the 208 — 0.7 (age) and 220 — age equations, respectively, and were greater than zero (p < .05). Regression equations using resting HR and maturity offset or chronological age significantly predicted HRmax, although the R2 < .30 and the standard error of estimation (8.2-8.5) limits the accuracy. The 208 — 0.7(age) equation can closely predict mean HRmax in children, but individual variation is still apparent.


The rapid development of higher vocational education has promoted the popularization of China's higher education.However,the structural contradiction in the faculty construction is conflning the development of higher vocational education badly.In light of the present situation of the faculty structure in Anhui's higher vocational colleges and combining it with the developing tendency of Anhui's society and economy,the author advances the goal to optimize the faculty structure in higher vocational colleges and the way to realize it.


Background: Gujjar and Bakarwal tribal communities are a treasure trove of traditional veterinary knowledge as they have been using plants to keep their livestock healthy and free from diseases. However, this knowledge is getting diminished day by day due to several factors. The present study was aimed to survey and document the medicinal plants used traditionally by the tribal communities of Gujjar and Bakarwal in the Poonch district of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), India to treat various livestock ailments.Methods: A systematic and extensive ethnobotanical survey was conducted in 12 villages of district Poonch between July 2018-March 2020. Data was gathered from the tribals using semi-structured questionnaires and analysed quantitatively using use-value(UV), relative frequency of citation (RFC), informant consensus factor (ICF) and fidelity level (FL).Results: A total of 31 medicinal plant species belonging to 24 families of 30 genera with herbs as the dominantly used plant species (70.97%). The most commonly used plant part in the herbal preparations was root (35.14%) and leaf (32.43%) with oral administration as the mode. Consensus methodology has been used as a statistical tool to identify the most potentially effective medicinal plant species. Use-value and Relative frequency of citation were reported to be in the range of 0.03-0.72 and 0.03-0.48 respectively. Based on values, Rumex nepalensis was found to be the most important and dominant species used by the tribes. The reported Informant consensus factor value was found to be very high (0.81-1.00) thereby establishing more authenticity of the study. Maximum number of plant species (10 spp.) were used to treat the gynaecological/ andrological problems.Conclusion: In the present study, novel ethnoveterinary use for seven plant species viz., Aconitum violaceum, Arisaema jacquemontii, Bistorta amplexicaulis, Clematis grata, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ulmus villosa and Viburnum grandiflorum were recorded. The reported information can be used to standardize active principles which can further lead to the development of more efficient veterinary medicines.


Today, data centers are being built with more entities on a larger scale in order to satisfy the rapid growth of services and the demand for efficient service delivery and management. These data centers are facing scalability, manageability, and consumability challenges that require breakthrough technology for design and management. This paper extends previous work that focused on using virtual appliances for service management, by describing the following areas: 1) rapid provisioning, which simplifies and accelerates the deployment and activation of virtual appliances by checking parameter dependencies and coordinating execution sequences; 2) selective presentation, which provides flexible interfaces to present meaningful information through customized metrics; 3) simplified operation, which enables different operation granularities by coordinating the operation sequences across virtual appliances; and 4) automated consolidation, which enables automated service performance management by automatically monitoring and optimizing resource allocations. In addition, we describe the design and prototype of an extendable management framework, virtualization integrator (VSI), which enables an appliance builder to easily fulfill the key features of virtual appliances and coordinate management function across components located in multiple virtual appliances. By reinventing virtual appliances with built-in management capability, data center management is radically simplified and automated. The results, improved server utilization and simplified system manipulation, demonstrate the potential for virtual appliances to be fundamental building blocks for large-scale data centers and potentially for cloud-based new enterprise data centers.


Histopathology Three biopsies were taken to include lesions of different morphology. A biopsy from the right sub-costal region showed a mid-dermal cyst lined by squamous epithelium and contained laminated keratin and multiple vellus hairs (Fig. 2). There was no evidence of sebaceous lobules in the wall of the cyst in multiple sections. A pigmented lesion from the forearm showed another cyst of similar morphology, but with a prominent foreign body giant cell reaction surrounding it (Fig. 3). Histology of a pigmented lesion with a central punctum showed a cyst communicating with the surface and extruding its contents (Fig. 4).


The socio-economic impact of pediatric influenza may be considerable because younger patients shed larger amounts of viruses over longer periods than adults, and are thus mainly responsible for spreading household infections. A survey of 3,771 pediatric patients with respiratory disease (including 352 with laboratoryconfirmed influenza) found that the number of medical examinations, the number of missed working or school days, and the need for help at home to care for sick children were all significantly greater among the household contacts of influenza-positive children than those of children infected by other agents. 7


Coronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and yet we lack the appropriate therapeutic treatments for it. Investigation into the mechanisms of coronary vessel development can provide insights into potential therapies to repair and regenerate damaged coronary arteries. Our previous study in the mouse embryo have implicated APJ, a G-protein coupled receptor that is expressed by coronary endothelial cells in vivo, to be an important regulator of coronary vessel development. In this study, we report an unexpected finding that the isolated embryonic coronary endothelial cells lose APJ expression in culture in vitro.


Farmer's Weekly business columnist Peter Hughes reflects on the state of South Africa and the world, and in doing so realises that there's nowhere else on Earth he'd rather be.


Interpretation of Tuscarora geothermal area model results has suggested that low resistivity zones on two dipole-dipole lines and possibly a third are related to thermal fluids. These two-dimensional models have delineated what appear to be aquifers within the valley sediments and the Tertiary volcanics. Structural breaks noted at the surface by geologic mapping are also evident in the interpretive models. The area southeast of the hot springs in Hot Creek is poorly delineated by the current dipole-dipole coverage, yet this appears to be the most promising prospect area based upon the available data coverage. Exploratory drilling is currently moving in this direction. Perhaps additional dipole-dipole lines could aid in the selection of future drill sites.


Directions: Solve the clues, write the answer in the boxes provided and when you read down the first column of each group of answers, you will reveal Squigly's Special Message. Tidy Lose ones footing Gentle elevation of the ground Takes wrinkles out of clothes Do this to a suitcase What makes any athlete a winner? To find out, solve Squigly's special message.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the contribution of the GJB3 gene(encoding connexin 31)mutations in Chinese population with autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (DFNA). METHODS PCRwere performed with one pair of primer in the coding sequence of GJB3gene. Bidirectional sequencing of PCR products was subsequently applied in 31 patients with DFNA. RESULTS Thirty one Chinese DFNA families (in each family affected members≥5) were screened.Mutation analysis revealed that 6 cases carried 2 kinds of GJB3 sequence variants which were known polymorphisms. Four patients carried heterozygosis base pair changes: 357CT.One patient carried homozygosis base pair changes:357CT.The another was a novel mutation:250GA,resulted in amino acid change,V84. CONCLUSION These studies suggest that mutations in GJB3 may be not common in Chinese DFNA populations.


Biocompatible crosslinking is a key approach for developing biomedical hydrogels and scaffolds. In this report, native chemical ligation (NCL) was utilized to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable hydrogel using naturally derived poly(γ-glutamic acid) and e-poly-lysine as the backbone without any additive and byproduct. First, thiolactone grafted poly(γ-glutamic acid) (PGA-HC) and cysteine grafted e-poly-lysine (EPL-C) precursors were synthesized. Their structure was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). After that, NCL crosslinking of PGA-HC and EPL-C precursors was triggered by simply blending their buffer solutions without any additive at room temperature, resulting in a hybrid polypeptide hydrogel. The crosslinking approach was verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The equilibrium water content, morphology, degradation rate and mechanical properties of the hybrid hydrogels were characterized in detail. The results revealed the NCL hybrid hydrogels had tunable gelation time, water content and mechanical properties by adjusting precursor composition. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of hybrid hydrogels was confirmed by MTT assay. These characteristics provide a potential opportunity for the NCL hybrid polypeptide hydrogels as wound dressings, skin fillings, drug delivery vehicles and tissue regeneration matrices.


The era of the industrial revolution 4.0 in education is characterized by the use of technology in the learning process. This study aims to test the feasibility, test student responses and see student learning outcomes on android-based teaching materials on the mole concept material at SMAN 4 Kota Bengkulu. The research was conducted using the Research & Development (R&D) method using a 4D development model which was limited to the 3D stage (Define, Design and Development). The feasibility test of android-based teaching materials is seen through the assessment of media and material experts, test student responses on small-scale and large-scale tests and student learning outcomes from the N-Gain score. The assessment of the feasibility of android-based teaching materials was carried out by two media and materials experts respectively. The results of the feasibility obtained are the results of media validation 91% and the results of material validation 88.33% with a very feasible category. Student response tests were carried out on a small and large scale. Determination of small-scale and large-scale samples with a normality test for all students of class X SMAN 4 Kota Bengkulu TA 2020/2021, obtained 9 students of class X IPA 1 as samples of the small-scale response test and 34 students of class X IPA 2 as samples of large-scale response test. The results of the small-scale student response test are 91.79% and the large-scale response test results are 85.9%, with a very good category. Learners on a large scale are also seen from their learning outcomes from the N-Gain score obtained, which is 0.62 or is in the medium category. The results obtained show that android-based teaching materials on the mole concept material are very feasible to be used in the learning process.
Keywords: Development Research, Teaching Materials, Android, Mole Concept


Rousseau lived in rational as well as restless times.The dispute between Enlightenment ideas and reason in romantic era intrigued him to concern about life,at the same time his unique personal life experiences also promoted him to do that.So for him a ideal teacher should be the one who is knowledgeable,moral and highly responsible.,while the ideal student should be the strong-willed student with unique personality and good habits for learning and life.


Extracting information from text corpora is the first step for machines to understand and summarize vast quantities of text that are available in both scientific and more general knowledge repositories. Open Information Extraction (OIE) is a recent unsupervised strategy to extract huge amounts of propositions from massive unstructured data. Most of the existing OIE approaches so far has been focused on English, with only some recent attempts for other languages. Although Italian is a major European language, to the best of our knowledge, no significant research has been conducted in Italian OIE yet. This paper is intended to fill this knowledge gap and presents ItalIE, an Italian OIE system aimed at extracting n-ary propositions from simple sentences made by single clauses. Single clauses are detected in the input sentences and classified with respect to seven patterns defined for the Italian language by exploiting linguistic information from dependency parsing and Italian lexica of verb types. Depending on these patterns, minimal clauses are extracted and, on the top of them, further propositions are generated by opportunely adding optional complements and adverbials. An experimental study is performed on a dataset of 240 simple sentences in Italian, showing a good effectiveness of the system in determining correct clause types and extracting coherent propositions.


Abstract Extract No-one would deny that there is always an element of risk of introducing an exotic disease with any importation of animals. It must be accepted that the epidemiological features of scrapie pose unique difficulties because of the lengthy incubation period and the uncertainty that can exist in determining if, and when, an imported animal may have been exposed to infection.


A tourism environment which is educational and exciting, safe, clean, relatively cheap to access and where transportation is readily available, contributes immensely to a tourist's travel satisfaction. Given these factors, this study seeks to interrogate two aspects of relevance, namely the relative importance of the items that define the tourism environment, and how foreign visitors evaluate tourism to Lasithi prefecture and Spinalonga island in Crete. It is abundantly clear from the research conducted that what tourists prize the most is a safe environment which is easily accessible, and cheap to visit. Competition among tourist destinations is today more severe than ever before, due to the large increase in international tourists globally. Spinalonga island, like every destination has an image which must be transmitted to the potential market so as to obtain a competitive position. Consequently, the destination marketers need to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of their tourism area so as to make it more marketable. They must position Spinalonga island in such a way as to make it recognisable as an important and interesting place to visit while in Crete. How tourists evaluate a destination subjectively and a quantitative analysis on the evaluation system of the tourism environment are thus also considered. Effective strategic destination image management is critical for attracting tourists and other resources that are capable of creating value-add for a destination.


The invention discloses a sprayer with a switch. The sprayer comprises a bottle and is characterized in that a seal pad is disposed at the opening of the bottle. A valve seat is disposed in the middle of the seal pad. A liquid guide pipe is arranged below the valve seat. A button is connected above the valve seat. A pump bead is disposed in the valve seat between the button and the liquid guide pipe. The rotary switch capable of controlling on and off of a spraying passage in the button is disposed in the button. The sprayer with the switch has the advantages that defects in the prior art are overcome, and the sprayer is simple in structure, few in parts, convenient to assemble, and low in production cost.


We present a unique approach to investigate how factors of funding liquidity and market liquidity in news stories can influence housing price. By text mining, we are able to identify factors of funding liquidity and market liquidity in news. This paper provides evidence on the interaction between housing price and their funding liquidity and market liquidity. Empirical evidence shows that news contains contents regarding funding liquidity and market liquidity has important power to predict future housing price index. This paper contributes to the literature in two folds: (1) We use term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) to extract features of funding liquidity and market liquidity from news. (2) Our results provide support for the link between funding liquidity and market liquidity, and asset pricing.


Interest Rates and Profit Cycles: A Disaggregated Approach Abstract Changes in the performance of property-liability insurers have been dramatic, resulting in problems that affect the supply of insurance and the solvency ofinsurers. Numerous researchers have examined the behavior of returns in this industry and have concluded that they may be characterized as cyclical. This paper redefines the nature of returns that are studied and concludes that disaggregated models with interest rate terms perform better than simple autoregressive models in explaining the behavior of profits. Introduction Recent movements in prices and profits in the property-liability insurance industry have led to the assertion that the industry returns are cyclical, and all previous empirical work supports this conclusion. Cycles in the underwriting profits of the property-liability industry have been attributed to a number of causes. Doherty and Kang (1988) attributed cycles to fluctuations in interest rates, Smith (1981) attributed them to regulatory lags, Stewart (1981) attributed them to changes in capital flows into the industry, Jablonski (1985) attributed them to adaptation under imperfect information, and Venezian (1985) and Cummins and Outreville (1987) attributed them to procedural lags in the process of estimating marginal costs. Most prior work has examined the available data in the context of highly restrictive models. This paper seeks to expand on prior work in several ways. One is to introduce financial variables to reflect the effect of investment returns for individual lines of insurance. The second is to improve upon the by-line models of Venezian (1985) by allowing the error terms in various lines of insurance to be contemporaneously correlated. The third is to determine whether an aggregate model for the industry or separate models for individual lines are more consistent with the data. Financial Variables Models of insurance price determination [Biger and Kahane (1978), Kahane (1978), Fairley (1979), Hill (1979), Myers and Cohn (1981), Kraus and Ross (1982) and Venezian (1983)] lead to the conclusion that calculation of the required rate of return on equity from entering the insurance business should reflect both underwriting income and income derived from the investment of reserves and net worth. It is assumed that the measures of profit, both Joseph A. Fields is Assistant Professor of Finance at the University of Connecticut. Emilio C. Venezian is Chairman and Associate Professor of Business Administration at Rutgers University and President of Venezian Associates. underwriting and operating, are determined from a portfolio based model, where the level of return is based on the decision concerning the level of risk undertaken and exogenous economic variables. In view of the general agreement that overall operating profits and returns depend on both underwriting and investment income, it is surprising that cycles have usually been analyzed using data on the underwriting rather operating profit.(1) Foster (1977) showed that underwriting ratios do not contain as much information as operating ratios concerning the economic value of the insurance company. The use of operating margins would lead to an analysis of the cyclical nature of the "true price" of insurance representing both the economic profit to the insurer and the opportunity cost of funds to the insured. Interest Rate Effects Most of the models that address rate of return from insurance essentially focus on the price that would occur in long-run equilibrium. Krauss and Ross (1982) argue that, in the context of their model, the risk free interest rate should be considered as a "real" or inflation adjusted rate if expected claim costs are set at current prices. On the other hand, if costs are based on forecasts that include inflation the appropriate rate of interest should be the nominal rate. …


Enterprises providing services through Internet must use online services supplied by other enterprises to compose the final services required by their end clients. The paper is aimed at providing services to the organization using service categorization mechanism which ensures stable QOS guarantees. This mechanism considers classes of requests and categories of consumers. It groups the requests carried out by consumers in secure sessions. In order that consumer servers can provide end clients with the appropriate quality of service, they must be guaranteed a determined QoS from the provider server. Under overload, this mechanism favors premium customers over basic customers so that premium customers can be protected, which maximizes the throughput and minimizes the response time. The main objective of this paper is QOS Control mechanism carries out an effective differentiation of the service provided to the consumers. It also focuses the reserving the processing capacity of the cluster for the preferential consumers during the overload periods.


This paper verified the impact of the investment horizon in the allocation of an optimized portfolio. To do so, we generated efficient frontiers from a group of diversified global asset classes considering time series of returns of the past 10 years. It was possible to prove that the investment horizon impacts the composition of optimal portfolios for different risk levels. In the analysis of the differences in the allocations of portfolios it was revealed a greater disparity in asset allocations in the intermediate to high levels of risk, thus giving support to the effect of the investment horizon in the definition of an optimal portfolio.


Methods and systems are provided for measurement association in vehicles. An object proximate a vehicle is Identified. Measurements or classifications are Obtained via one or more sensors. A first tracking gate is generated did is based at least in part on a characteristic of one of the sensors used to obtain the measurements or classifications. A second tracking gate is generated did is based at least on part on the first tracking gate and a measurement history.


In order to analyze the experimental hysteretic behavior of the in-plane loaded reinforced grouted multi-ribbed aerated concrete blocks masonry walls (RGMACBMW), we have carried out the pseudo static testing on the six specimens of RGMACBMW. Based on the test results and shear failure characteristics, the shear force hysteretic curves and displacement envelope curves of the models were obtained and discussed. On the basis of the hysteretic curves a general skeleton curve of the shear force and displacement was formed. The restoring model was adopted to analyze the seismic behavior and earthquake response of RGMACBMW. The deformation capacity of the specimens was discussed, and the formulas for calculating the lateral stiffness of the walls at different loading stages were proposed as well. The average lateral displacement ductility factor of RGMACBMW calculated based on the test results was 3.16. This value illustrates that if the walls are appropriately designed, it can fully meet the seismic requirement of the structures. The quadri-linear restoring models of the walls degradation by the test results accurately reflect the hysteretic behaviors and skeleton curves of the masonry walls. The restoring model can be applied to the RGMACBMW structure in earthquake response analysis.


The effect of partially undoped poly-silicon gate above the drift region in P-lateral double-diffused MOS (P-LDMOS) Transistors is investigated. Experiment results show that it can improve the off-state leakage current and reduce the on-state resistance. For hot carrier performance, this structure induces a higher initial current shift due to less vertical field. The long-term hot carrier degradation behavior of this device is the same as that of the standard devices.


The goal of this paper was to create an industrial cooling management system using PLC and SCADA system. The SCADA system is built in the TIA Portal v15 WinCC RT Professional platform and consists of a server and two client computers. In this system, computers are HMI devices and they are connected by an ethernet connection. The industrial cooling system contains four water tanks, four water pumps, six valves and various digital and analogue sensors. The paper explains configuration of the PLC station, the creation of program blocks, the visual interface and the operation of the system via client -server connection. The system enables control of pumps and valves and collects feedback on the status of various sensors for the purpose of tracking trends and alarms.


AbstractA high-voltage light-emitting diode (LED) flip chip based on an AlInGaN heterostructure is developed and fabricated. The LED flip chip consists of 16 elements connected in series, each of which is a convential LED. The chip with a total area of 1.25 × 1.25 mm is intended for a working current of 20 mA and a forward voltage of 48 V. To improve the current-distribution uniformity over the active region of the chip elements and to minimize the losses of the element area occupied by the n -type contact, the n -type contact pads in them are arranged inside the p -type contact region due to the two-level metallization layout with an intermediate insulating layer of dielectric. The arrangement topology of the contact pads is developed using numerical simulation. An increase in the quantum efficiency of the chip is provided by the application of combinations of metals with a high reflectance at the LED emission wavelength, which are used when fabricating n - and p -type contacts as well as current-carrying strips.


Correspondence Address: (57) ABSTRACT KNOBBE MARTENS OLSON & BEAR LLP 2O4O MAN STREET Relatively large openings or features in integrated circuit FOURTEENTH FLOOR metallization or packaging vias are filled by two plating or IRVINE, CA 92614 (US) electrodeposition processes in sequence. The first elec trodeposition process conformally lines the large, high (21) Appl. No.: 11/351,838 aspect ratio features to define an inner cavity. The second electrodeposition process uses a different solution to bottom (22) Filed: Feb. 9, 2006 up fill the inner cavity left by the first electrodeposition process. Conformality is typically induced by use of levelers Related U.S. Application Data during the first electrodeposition, while accelerators and Suppressors may be used to promote bottom-up fill during (60) Provisional application No. 60/678.303, filed on May the second electrodeposition, although either process may 6, 2005. employ any of the three additives.


This paper reveals abundant exact analytical solutions to the generalized (3+1)-dimensional shallow water equation. The generalized bilinear method is used in the solution process and and the obtained solutions include the high-order lump-type solutions, the three-wave solutions, the breather solutions. The interaction between the high-order lump-type solutions and the soliton solutions is also elucidated. These solutions have greatly enriched the generalized (3+1)-dimensional shallow water equation in open literature.


In today's very competitive, dynamic and unpredictable manufacturing environments it is critical to improve manufacturing performance in order to be able to compete. Flexibility becomes an important characteristic of manufacturing systems and organizations; thus the flexible manufacturing systems (FMS's) are becoming popular in today's scenario. A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) incorporates numerically-controlled machine tools, robots, automated material handling systems, and automated inspection and self diagnostic facilities into a single production system whose integration is under the control of a hierarchical information system network. On one hand, the benefits of implementing FMS result in production maximization and prevent stations from being idle. FMS offers lower carryover effects when stations interrupt, and also lowers the cost of maintaining spare part inventories due to the fact that similar equipment can share components. The goal of this paper is to present the comprehensive review of various issues involved in FMS environment. The study helps the practioners in providing the guidelines of whether it is futile investment in adopting the FMS environment and helps in bridging the gaps between the various crucial aspects required for its implementation.


Silica gel-loaded (E)-N-(1-thien-2′-ylethylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine (TEPDA) phase was synthesized based on physical adsorption approaches. The stability of a chemically modified TEPDA especially in concentrated hydrochloric acid that was then used as a recycling and preconcentration reagent allowed the further uses of silica gel-loaded immobilized TEPDA phase. The application of this silica gel-loaded phase to sorption of a series of metal ions was performed by using different controlling factors such as the pH of the metal ion solution and the equilibration shaking time by the static technique. This difference was interpreted on the basis of selectivity incorporated in these sulfur containing silica gel-loaded TEPDA phases. Hg(II) was found to exhibit the highest affinity towards extraction by these silica gel-loaded TEPDA phases. The pronounced selectivity was also confirmed by the determined distribution coefficients (Kd) of all the metal ions, showing the highest value reported for mercury(II) extraction by the silica gel immobilized TEPDA phase. The potential applications of the silica gel immobilized TEPDA phase to selective extraction of mercury(II) from aqueous solution were successfully accomplished and preconcentration of low concentration of Hg(II) (30 pg·mL−1) from natural tap water with a preconcentration factor of 200 for Hg(II) off-line analysis was conducted by cold vapor atomic absorption analysis.


A sample of tra»sfer RNA molecules is compared to a sample of random sequences having the same length and same percentage composition of the different bases. For each sequence all possible secondary structures are constructed and a distribution of free energies for the states is obtained. It is found that the ground state free energies of tRNA molecules are significantly lower than for random sequences, and that tRNA molecules have significantly fewer alternative secondary structures at energies close to the ground state than do random sequences. A distance D is defined which measures the average difference between molecular configurations and the ground state configuration. At realistic temperatures of order 300 K this distance is much larger for random sequences than for tRNA sequences. Thus the secondary structure of tRNA molecules at finite temperature is more stable than for random sequences. Sequences are considered wltich differ by a small number of ntutations from real tRNA sequences. On average mutations destabilize the secondary structure. This suggests that a stable secondary structure is one of the factors selected for by natural selection. The thermodynamic behaviour of RNA sequences is compared to models for ranqom heteropolymers which have a low temperature frozen phase.


Collections of benthic algae were made in an isolated subarctic lake during July and August 1975. Samples were taken from 30 stations situated at depths of 0.1 to 35 m. The number of species associated with sediments declined with depth from 66 to 22 m. Achnanthes minutissima, Navicula pupula, Cymbella spp., and Nostoc pruniforme reached greatest relative abundance in shallow water whereas Nitzschia palea and Nitzschia dissipata were relatively common below 20 m. Amphora ovalis, Gyrosigma spenceri, and Tabellaria flocculosa did not exhibit a consistent distribution pattern. Standing crops of the epipelon ranged from3 × 106 cells cm−2 (8.5 × 10 μm3 cm−2) at a depth of 0.1–5 m to8 × 103 cells cm−2 (7 × 106 μm3 cm−2) below 20 m. Low light levels, and to a lesser degree, temperature were the most important factors influencing the diversity, species composition, and density of the epipelon in deep water.The epipsammic community consisted of 10 species at all depths. Although Achnanthes pinnata was rare in deep...


The knowledge about reproductive aspects has great importance in the conservation of endangered species and captive breeding techniques can answer some behavioral issues. In rodents we can see a wide diversity of characteristics found in the reproductive system even in animals belonging to the same suborder as the histricomorfs, for example, which belongs the Coendou prehensilis. The present study aims to acquire more knowledge about this rodent species morphologically describing the male reproductive system and characterizing all the components present in this system both macro and microscopically, being helpful in the management and captive reproduction of C.prehensilis. Seven males were used for the reproductive system study, all organs were examined macroscopically and microscopically, five animals were destined for histological analysis and by scanning electronic microscopy. The specie's reproductive system is formed by a pair of testes and ductus deferens, a pair of vesicular, prostate and bulbourethral glands, both with fundamental importance in the semen production, but as in other hystricomorphs, the C. prehensilis doesn't have a pair of ampullary glands. The C. prehensilis male doesn't have an apparent sexual dimorphism, the ovoid testes are found in the abdominal and pelvic cavities, varying according to their age, not reaching the scrotum, keeping it empty. The ductus deferens has no expansion in its extension and just carries the sperm to the urethra, requiring its pseudostratified epithelium is more resistant and thick, externally presenting a thick layer of smooth muscle, necessary for ejaculation of sperm. All the three glands are shown in pairs and histologically with three layers, an outer coating, a medium muscle and an internal secretory epithelium, as in other hystricomorphs, but the inner layer of the glands had a very particular characteristic in this species and not found in other animals of the same class. The penis with "S" inverted format can be found in both cylindrical and conical form during its extension, full of keratinized spicules on its surface. Inside the penis, a large amount of smooth muscle around the spongy and cavernous bodies was found. The spongy body wrapped by a slight layer of connective tissue surrounds the urethra, which contains a transitional epithelium in its structure. The results analyzed confirmed that the reproductive system of male C. prehensilis has many features similar to other hystricomorphs rodents. Some few differences were found, such as the format of the glands, the epithelium and the amount of the penis spicules.


The convergence of public data and statistical modeling has created opportunities for public safety officials to prioritize the deployment of scarce resources on the basis of predicted crime patterns. Current crime prediction methods are trained using observed crime and information describing various criminogenic factors. Researchers have favored global models (e.g., of entire cities) due to a lack of observations at finer resolutions (e.g., ZIP codes). These global models and their assumptions are at odds with evidence that the relationship between crime and criminogenic factors is not homogeneous across space. In response to this gap, we present area-specific crime prediction models based on hierarchical and multi-task statistical learning. Our models mitigate sparseness by sharing information across ZIP codes, yet they retain the advantages of localized models in addressing non-homogeneous crime patterns. Out-of-sample testing on real crime data indicates predictive advantages over multiple state-of-the-art global models.


A report of two cases, both presenting as subcutaneous emphysema of chest without pneumothorax or any bony injury to chest by blunt non-penetrating objects. In one case an allegation was made by accused a syringe has introduced that air. To confirm the allegation air was introduced with a 50 cc syringe in dead bodies subcutaneously in chest & emphysema could be produced easily.


The aim of this work was to measure the effect of supplementation with bovine colostrum Azawak among newborn Red goats breastfed in breeding conditions for semi-intensive type of Niger. The study was conducted in Secondary Goat Breeding Center of Maradi. Forty newborn kids, regardless of sex, were divided randomly into two groups: a "T-Control " group receiving only breast milk per feeding (n = 20) and a "C-Colostrum" group having the same diet but supplemented with bovine colostrum thawed (50 ml the first day of life, then 25 ml in 2 meals/ day between the ages of 2 and 15d, n = 20). The results indicate that supplementation with bovine colostrum in the first 15 days of life, increases the growth of kids until weaning, modified some barometric changes some settings improves health status and reduces the mortality rate. Birth weights in both groups were similar (1.65 kg vs. 1.64 kg; NS). However, at the end of period 1, the live weight and thus the total weight gain of the kids in-group C was higher (0.61 kg; p < 0.001) than those in-group T. Growth rate was also improved (+41.0 g/d; p < 0.001). For reproductive parameters and body measurements, the mean values of the BMPA were 13.2 ± 0.7 and 14.2 ± 0.2 months, respectively for group C and T; P = 0.07). The values of body measurements in group C animals were higher than those in group T, but the differences were not significant, except for head length and thoracic girth (p < 0.001 and 0.05, respectively). To our knowledge, in the studied environment, this work is original and seems to bring new knowledge likely to have practical applications in areas with farming conditions quite difficult.


The vibration of steam turbine affects the safety of generation units.The active duty units equip the vibration on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis system generally;also construct the remote condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system by using special network equipment.A certain power station took place vibration fault is described,the experts collected the process data,analyzed the fault reason,provided the inspection and repair by using the remote system as soon as possible.


Non-aqueous Li-air batteries have garnered increasing attention as a next-generation battery with large theoretical capacity. Recent studies have shown that a reversible charge-discharge reaction (i.e., reversible formation of Li2O2 from oxygen and Li) occurs only in a limited class of electrolytes with high tolerance to the nucleophilic attack by O2 radical, an intermediate of oxygen reduction, as well as oxidative decomposition. For example, an organic carbonate-based solution easily reacts with O2 radical, whereas ethers (e.g., 1,2dimethoxyethane, DME) and nitriles (e.g., acetonitrile (AN) are relatively stable. Still, DME-based solution degrades on cycling, and AN is reactive with Li metal.


Academic research of the highest quality has focused on the diversity and representation of the public sector workforce (see Guy & Schumacher, 2009; Pitts & Wise, 2010). Less appreciated are the reports and studies produced by government agencies that are no less rigorous or insightful than academic work and tend to focus more directly on practical and operational implications. This review is unorthodox in that it analyzes and compares four governmental reports on diversity and representation and finds these sources to have considerable value for instructors, researchers, and practitioners alike. The first two reports examine general trends, whereas the latter two focus on specific Federal agencies that present intriguing challenges to the pursuit of diversity, a representative workforce, and equal employment opportunity (EEO).


This article addresses the issue of the intersection of Indian and Western traditions in Raja Rao's short stories. In death, as in life, Rao's ideological underpinnings remain the centre of controversial attention. His unstinted leanings towards an upper‐caste Indian ethos deeply split his readership into admirers and adversaries. It is imperative to revaluate Rao's work from the position of Indian aesthetics and a social reality specific to India and dissimilar to Western notions of realism. This paper attempts to explore the issue by focusing specifically on the inception of Raja Rao's literary production within modal forms in the endeavour to investigate whether his literary lineage derives from Indian or Western forms, or both.


In Synopsis of Golden Chamber,there are more than 20 ways to cure disease by diaphoresis,and the method called micr- persp belongs to the 18th item of this book, it is always used in treating diseases caused by exogenous pathogenic factor, and also can cure beriberoid disease, because wind being YANG-pathogen and it's like to disperse, and damp being a kind of YIN pathogen, it's hard to evapn in a short time. If you use macro-persp,the wind go,but the damp pathogen will be still in your body, and can hurt your body fluid and its metabolism. Guangdong province in the southeast of China, the climate usually damp, so the correct method to therapy rheumatism is micr- persp.


Photograph of the exterior of the South Ridge Plaza strip mall with Spanish tile along the roof line. A sign for an ice cream shop can be seen on the foremost right corner, and more store units can be seen stretching into the background to the left. Several vehicles can be seen parked directly in front of the stores. In the foreground, a mostly empty parking lot and drive with a few small trees planted in garden dividers can be seen.


Thank you very much for downloading physical properties of solid materials. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their chosen readings like this physical properties of solid materials, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious bugs inside their computer. physical properties of solid materials is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our books collection hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the physical properties of solid materials is universally compatible with any devices to read.


The aim is to discuss the main legal criteria developed in Argentina in regard to cultural and architectural heritage protection through the analysis of five court decisions and their main protection techniques. The goal is to raise awareness about the critical role of civil society in the protection and promotion of heritage and cultural values. The attempt is to highlight the importance of judge's active role as a major figure in the field.


The problem of cutting raw materials to fulfill the size of demand using certain cutting pattern is called Cutting Stock Problem (CSP). CSP aims to find the optimal cutting pattern with the minimum trim loss. In this research, all possible cutting patterns were generated by pattern generation algorithm where the materials were cut based on the length on the first stage and the width on the rest stage. All patterns were modeled to N-Sheet model and solved using Branch and Cut method. Based on the results, it showed that the N-Sheet model ensured as minimum a possible trim loss to fulfill the demands.


Seventy-two Colletotrichum isolates from peach, apple, pecan, and other hosts were examined morphologically and tested in vitro for benomyl sensitivity and for polymorphisms in the ribosomal 18S and 28S transcriptional unit. In general, the isolates separated into pink and gray colony types. Each type was isolated from peach, apple, and pecan. Regardless of host origin, pink isolates produced pink to pinkish-orange colonies on potato-dextrose agar (PDA), grew on benomyl-amended medium, produced mostly fusiform conidia, and had similar restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns. Gray isolates produced gray colonies on PDA, grew slightly or not at all on benomyl-amended medium, had conidia with rounded ends, and had similar RFLP patterns that were distinct from pink isolates. Symptoms on detached peach fruit following inoculation with gray and pink isolates were not visually distinguishable. The two types corresponded to C. acutatum (pink isolates) and C. gloeosporioides (gray isolates), respectively. We concluded that C. acutatum and C. gloesosporioides are separate species and are found on peach, apple, and pecan


Resonance Raman spectra (excited at 413.1 nm) and excitation profiles (Q-band region) of cytochrome b562 and cytochrome c were obtained with a sensitive vidicon multichannel Raman spectrometer.7 Comparison of the spectra reveals that two Raman lines at 690 and 700 cm−1 in cytochrome c may be assigned to CS stretch of the thioether bridges, which are absent in cytochrome b562. Four sets of doublet between 320 and 430 cm−1 are unique in cytochrome c among various hemoproteins may indicate the existence of two subtly distinct heme structures alternating in the ground state of cytochrome c. This unique spectral feature was not observed in heme octapeptide (reduced form in 0.25 M N-acetyl-methionine) which also contains the covalent thioether linkages. In addition, we compare the excitation profiles of a depolarized porphyrin ring mode at ∼ 750 cm−1 among cytochrome c, cytochrome b562 and Ni etioporphyrin. The effect of a Jahn-Teller distortion observed in the 750 cm−1 profile of Ni etioporphyrin19 is shown to be absent in cytochrome c. The 750 cm−1 profiles in the Q-band region are interpreted in terms of Herzberg-Teller (B) and nonadiabatic (D) contributions with or without an origin shift.


.............................................................................................................................................................. ix Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 Overview of the Project ....................................................................................................................................... 2 Project Team ............................................................................................................................................... 2 Modelling Process....................................................................................................................................... 3 Modelling and Data Treatment Software .................................................................................................... 4 Model Limitations....................................................................................................................................... 4 Designation of Mineralized Zones .............................................................................................................. 6 Quality Assurance/Quality Control............................................................................................................. 6 Products ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 Regional Geological Setting of Deposits Modelled............................................................................................. 8 Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide (VMS) Deposit Models ................................................................................... 8 Millstream Mines Ltd.: Potter Mine............................................................................................................ 9 Falconbridge Ltd.: Kidd Creek Mine .......................................................................................................... 17 Lode Gold Deposit Models.................................................................................................................................. 22 Porcupine–Destor Fault-Related Gold Deposits.................................................................................................. 22 St Andrew Goldfields Ltd.: Stock Mine and Clavos Deposit ..................................................................... 23 Porcupine Joint Venture: Dome, Pamour and South Tisdale Anticline Mines ........................................... 27 Newmont Mining Corp.: Holloway Mine ................................................................................................... 34 Newmont Mining Corp.: Holt-McDermott Mine........................................................................................ 40 Kirkland–Larder Fault-Related Gold Deposits (Kirkland Lake Camp)............................................................... 51 Kirkland Lake Gold Inc.: Macassa and Kirkland Lake Minerals Mines..................................................... 51 Kirkland Lake Gold Inc.: Wright-Hargreaves, Lakeshore and Teck-Hughes Mines .................................. 56 Queenston Mining Inc.: Anoki and McBean Deposits................................................................................ 64 Queenston Mining Inc.: Upper Canada Mine ............................................................................................. 70 Summary and Conclusions .................................................................................................................................. 76 General Conclusions ................................................................................................................................... 76 Geological Conclusions .............................................................................................................................. 79 Successes .................................................................................................................................................... 80 Future of Modelling in the Abitibi .............................................................................................................. 80 References ........................................................................................................................................................... 81 Metric Conversion Table ..................................................................................................................................... 84


Nanocrystalline CdMgS films were deposited on glass substrate by chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique. A solution of cadmium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, trisodium citrate and thiourea were used to deposit nanocrystalline films. The preparative parameters like ion concentration, temperature, pH and stirring rate have been optimized for getting good quality thin films. The deposited nanocrystalline films are annealed in the air atmosphere for 1h at 600 °C. The prepared films were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) technique, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV‐Vis spectroscopy and Photoluminescence spectroscopy. X‐ray diffraction studies revealed the formation of face centered cubic structure. The crystalline size was determined using Scherrer formula which is found to be 26 nm and the dislocation density was evaluated using the high intense X‐ray diffraction peaks. The surface morphology studies showed that the film consists of nanocrystals. The films have high absorption in the UV‐A region (3...


Objective To establish an artificial bladder reflex arc in SD rats by abdominal pathway reflex above the level of spinal cord injury to reinnervate the neuropathic bladder and restore bladder function. It involves a lower abdominal reflex pathway with a modified efferent branch carring the motor impulses to the bladder and initiates autonomic bladder detrusor contraction. Methods The outcome was achieved by intradural microanastomosis of the right T 13 ventral root to S 2 ventral root with autogenous nerve grafting, while leaving the right T 13 dorsal root intact. After axonal regeneration, the "abdominal reflex spinal cord center bladder"new artificial bladder reflex pathway was established, and micturition was induced by scratching the right lower abdominal wall of the rats after spinal cord injury. ① Long term function of the reflex arc was observed by nerve electrophysiological experiments and bladder pressure tests at 8 months postoperation.② 5μl of 30% horseradish peroxidase (HRP) solution was injected into either side of the corpus vesicae at 8 months postoperatively. The animals survived for 60 hours and were killed by perfusing through ascending aorta. The T 11 ~L 1 spinal segments and the L 4~S 4 spinal segments were dissected by frozen section method, and treated with TMB method. The figure and distribution of HRP labeled cells in sections were observed under optical microscope.Results ① Single stimuli(3 mA,0.3 ms) of the right T 13 dorsal root resulted in evoked potentials, the bladder pressures and the bladder smooth muscle complex action potential recorded from the right vesical plexus before and after the spinal cord horizontal injury between L 5 and S 4 segmental level in all 12 SD rats. The figure and amplitude of experimental sides were similar to those of the control. ② There were HRP labeled cells in T 13 ventral horn on the experimental sides and in the intermediolateral nucleus on either side of the L 6~S 4 segments after HRP injection. There wasn't any HRP labeled cell in T 13 ventral horn on the control sides.Conclusion The somatic motor axons can regenerate through a segment of autogenous nerve into the parasympathetic endoneurial tubes of autonomic nerve. Using the survived somatic reflex above the level of spinal cord injury to reconstruct the bladder autonomic reflex arc by intradural microanastomosis of ventral root with a segment of autogenous nerve grafting is practical in the SD rat model and may have a prospect of clinical application.


ABSTRACT This article questions the role of universities in the power/knowledge relation by examining the case of Turkey's 'Academics for Peace.' It is based on six in-depth interviews conducted with dismissed peace petitioners. Facing both the market pressures and the state oppression, the intellectual institutions in many countries are in a precarious position. Even though it is true that knowledge can be oppressive, it is also true that it can help constructing resistance. However, this requires new, and relatively autonomous, spaces of intellectual activity. Deriving from the example of Turkey's 'solidarity academies,' this paper shows that the attempts to construct alternative institutions face numerous hardships, many of them deriving from lack of funding. It calls for contemplation on ways of dealing with the neoliberalization of intellectual institutions and the authoritarian political wave that numerous countries face while scrutinizing the relationship between scientific knowledge and power relations.


This study investigated a water supply recovery problem involving municipal water service piping. The problem consisted in recovering full service after network failure, in order to rapidly satisfy all urgent citywide demands. The optimal recovery solution was achieved through the application of so-called network design problems (NDPs), which are a form of combinatorial optimization problem. However, a conventional NDP is not suitable for addressing urgent situations because (1) it does not utilize the non-failure arcs in the network, and (2) it is solely concerned with stable costs such as flow costs. Therefore, to adapt the technique to such urgent situations, the conventional NDP is here modified to deal with the specified water supply problem. In addition, a numerical illustration using the Sendai water network is presented.


Stereotyped left right (LR) asymmetry ensures proper looping of internal organs. In Drosophila, the adult hindgut (AHG) has a clear stereotypical dextral loop and, like all LR asymmetric organs, require MyoID for correct orientation. MyoID is an unconventional myosin type I that binds to DE-Cadherin, this association is required for proper LR establishment; however the mechanism that translates MyoID chirality into proper morphogenesis remains unknown. The AHG is a long tube coiled dextrally and located in the middle of the abdominal region. It develops from a cluster of progenitors containing two different populations of cells, H1 and H2. Here, we show that MyoID controls the AHG dextral loop by binding to the atypical cadherin Dachsous in H1 cells. Further, Ds-Fat signaling propagates towards the H2 cells which in turn become polarized towards the right and consequently loop. H1 is a transient population of cells that wear off in the first hours of metamorphosis; nevertheless the dextral information generated in H1 is maintained in H2 cells due to the cooperative action of PCP components. We demonstrate that the molecular basis of the LR establishment downstream of MyoID action lies in the PCP system, which has a double role transmitting and maintaining a dextral signal in the AHG. Thus, we provide for the first time a link in L/R morphogenesis between Drosophila and vertebrates in which PCP mutants result in L/R defects. Furthermore, in our attempts to better understand the evolution of L/R morphogenesis we found the recently co-Appearance of a myoID cis-Regulatory element and the AHG dextral loop, during Drosophila evolution, suggesting that changes in myoID express.


Dear Editor,

We are writing to share some thoughts regarding our use of the STandards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) guidelines1 in two recent reviews of acupuncture for plantar heel pain.2 ,3 STRICTA was, of course, designed as a guide for the reporting of acupuncture and similar interventions. We needed to evaluate reporting from particularly diverse sources for review purposes, so we made a number of adaptations to the criteria (detailed below). We felt that some of the original items did not capture enough of the data that we were interested in, so we subdivided them to create some additional items.

STRICTA item 1c addresses the 'extent to which treatment was varied'. We found this ambiguous; as well as varying between individual patients or practitioners, treatments may vary between successive sessions. To make this distinction, we subdivided this item into 1ci (individualisation) and 1cii (follow-up variation).

Item 4b ('setting and context') includes instructions to practitioners and information for …


A prophenoloxidase (proPO) was purified from hemocyte of kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus . An 134-fold purification of the enzyme with 25% yield was achieved by a combination of several chro matographies. The molecular mass of the native proPO was estimated to be 330 kDa by gel filtration. In SDS-PAGE analysis, two closely migrating subunits of 78 kDa and 72 kDa were detected under a reduc ing condition. ProPO was activated by SDS and methanol. Phenoloxidase (PO), the active form of


The AICPA created the SEC Practice Section in 1977 to monitor and regulate the profession. The SECPS established a peer review program with the objective of assuring the public that auditing and accounting firms complied with GAAP, and that the firms had effective quality control systems in place. That same year, the Public Oversight Board (POB) was created to oversee the SECPS and "assure that the public interest is carefully considered" (Mautz 1990). Throughout its existence, the POB purported to be independent and autonomous. Despite their self proclaimed independence, the POB was merely a puppet of the profession meant to soothe public doubts. The POB mainly issued reports proclaiming the effectiveness of the profession's self regulatory system whenever the profession experienced difficulties. The objective of this project was to examine the actions taken by the POB to recover from the crisis events experienced by the accounting profession and discover the causes for its isomorphic behaviors. Deconstruction and crisis management theories were used to describe these isomorphic actions by examining several documents issued by the POB as well as investigating other related publications.


The cultivation and development of the sago agro-industry in Southeast Sulawesi occurs naturally without holistic and comprehensive integrated planning. The cultivating and processing skills have long been handed down from generation to generation. The study aims to: 1) examine the response of sago farmers towards the development of integrated and sustainable sago agro-industry; 2) identify ideal land distribution for cultivation and processing of sago, on the basis of suitability of land, the areas of which become the centre of sago agroindustry in rural areas; 3) determine the priority areas for development of the sago agroindustry in Southeast Sulawesi. Research methods applied were: 1) the survey method and the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) to analyse the suitability of land for sago development and cultivation (and the regional mapping), especially for locations considered to be suitable for sago development and cultivation and; 2) descriptive method to determine the characteristics and responses of sago farmers towards the development of sago agro-industry; and 3) Process Hierarchy Analysis (PHA) used to determine the priority areas of sago agro-industry development. The results showed that, as far as farmers' response to the development of integrated sago agro-industry is concerned, where sago farmers also become industry owners, as many as 118 people (78.67%) strongly agree with the plan and 32 people (21.33 %) agree. When asked about the idea of agroindustry, where farmers only serve as material providers to the industry, 61.33 % of the respondents expressed their disagreement strongly, 28.67 % disagree, and 10% rather disagree. Total land area considered to be suitable for the development and cultivation of sago palm was 2.557.77 hectares with the following details: East Kolaka comprises 981.28 hectares, Konawe 299.46 hectares, and South Konawe 1277.03 hectares. Advances in Mathematics and Statistical Sciences ISBN: 978-1-61804-275-0 488 Results of PHA analysis indicate that in terms of the priority areas for sago agro-industry development, the first priority area is South Konawe district, followed immediately by East Kolaka and Konawe districts respectively. The main problems, as far as the development of sago cultivation is concerned, is the inavailability of a large quantity of seeds at a given time. From the standpoint of processing, the main problem concerns difficult access to quality and standard spring water as required by a sago processing industry. Key-Words: Sago, Agro-industry, System engineering, Regional approach


Facing the digital era becomes a challenge for educators in relation to the competence of educators in using technology in learning. In line with this statement, as professional educators, they should have adaptive abilities, which means they are able to adapt to the development of science and technology. One of the uses of teaching materials in this study is packaged in digital form so that both students and teachers use Android-based applications that are available on smartphones. This program aims to digitize teaching materials primarily with the use of technology in learning. Today the use of smartphones has been able to be operated by children and even more clever children than adults. And lately many cases that occur both blindness and psychiatric disorders that hit children as a result of playing online games on smartphones. Another goal of this research is to direct children to be wise in using smartphones, thereby reducing students' dependence on playing online games. In this application digitally packaged Indonesian learning materials whose material is adjusted to the 2013 curriculum. Thus, the learning process runs attractively and is able to increase student enthusiasm so that it impacts on student achievement.


There have been arguments on the effecting of energy tax on reducing transportation energy intensity.In this study,energy price was imported as a moderating variable,to explore its direct influence on transportation energy intensity,and moderating effect on transportation structure,transport volume per GDP unit and technology progress,using time series over the periods 1988-2008.The results indicate that energy price made slight impact on transportation energy intensity reduction,and no moderating effect on transportation structure,transport volume per GDP unit and technology progress.The main reason of transportation energy intensity grown in the last twenty years was economy development.


The authors investigated whether the increases in venous admixture and intrapulmonary shunt which occur with increases in cardiac output (Qt) result from an effect mediated by mixed venous PO2 (P&OV0456;O2) or an effect mediated by the increase in pulmonary blood flow. Using a veno-venous bypass system they were able to alter P&OV0456;O2 independent of variations in Qt and vice versa. During room air ventiliation of dogs with normal lungs at constant Qt, an increase in P&OV0456;O2 from 33 ± 7 (mean ± SD) to 54 ± 9 mmHg (P < 0.05) resulted in a decrease in venous admixture from 22 ± 11 to 13 ± 4% (P < 0.05). During room air ventilation of normal dogs at a constant P&OV0456;O2, raising Qt from 2.16 ± .53 to 3.49 ± 0.91 1/min (P < 0.05) increased venous admixture from 10 ± 5 to 16 ± 5%). During oxygen ventilation in these two groups of dogs, changes in P&OV0456;O2 and Qt had no effect on shunt.During oxygen ventilation of dogs with significant shunts from oleic-acid-induced pulmonary edema, independent increases in either P&OV0456;O2 or pulmonary blood flow resulted in increased shunt. At constant Qt, an increase in P&OV0456;O2 from 30 ± 8 to 52 ± 3 mmHg (P < 0.05) resulted in an increase in shunt from 39 ± 12 to 43 ± 12% (P < 0.05). When P&OV0456;O2 remained constant, increasing Qt from 1.97 pm 0.42 to 3.61 ± 0.50 1/min (P < 0.05) resulted in an increase in shunt from 47 ± 17 to 53 ± 15% (P < 0.05).The authors conclude that during oxygen ventilation, normal dogs have shunts which are unaffected by changes in blood flow or P&OV0456;O2. Increases in pulmonary blood flow increase venous admixture during room air ventilation, while increases in P&OV0456;O2 decrease venous admixture during air ventilation. In edematous lungs, increases in either P&OV0456;O2 or pulmonary blood flow increase shunt.


This paper discusses some of the current worst and best practices for coordinating program design and evaluation efforts to address the challenges of aggressive energy efficiency. It makes the case that evaluation considerations, and the expertise of evaluators, should be aligned with portfolio long-term goals, and that program managers should work with evaluators to capture the full savings potential of the programs, and of the portfolio. This paper also suggests that policymakers set policies for both program design and for applying evaluation protocols to establish a timely and rational evaluation framework that also helps to encourage maximum savings capture. The paper draws on the experiences of the authors in both program design and evaluation in different regions of the US to illustrate these points. The paper deliberately does not 'name names', in the interest of identifying and discussing broadly applicable issues and recommendations. Background When a program manager implements a standard type of energy efficiency program, with a set of energy efficiency measures typical for that type of program, the program design and the subsequent evaluation effort to measure its savings are also well understood and fairly simple to implement. The traditional measurement and evaluation approaches suffice. In most states, these studies repeat the approaches and analysis frameworks that have proven to be reliable over the last 35 years of energy efficiency portfolio and program evaluation. It's not so simple, however, when portfolio managers are charged with pursuing aggressive short-term and long-term energy savings targets across multiple markets and market segments, with many more efficiency measures. They may find that some programs compete with the objectives, or minimize the accomplishments of other programs within the portfolio and within the larger market. 1 The challenge is not only to capture as much savings as possible from the usual energy efficiency measures, but also to pursue non-traditional energy savings that go deeper and last longer. These may include the pursuit of upstream savings from manufacturers or distributors, multi-year retrofit strategies, behavioral changes to reduce energy use, market transformation savings resulting from training or changes in design practices, non-standard long life measures, savings from enhanced codes and standards, and other innovative strategies. All of this creates new challenges in both program design and program evaluation. We focus the current discussion on entities that are charged with generating energy savings (and demand reductions) across a broad spectrum of market sectors and technologies. Most typically these are utilities, but they also include other governmental, non-profit and private 1 Of course, good program and portfolio design can minimize many of these problems, but they are unfortunately quite common.


For bipedal robots, how to realize natural, versatile and dynamic motions like human is still a challenging topic. In order to achieve such high performance by bipedal robots, one useful approach is to develop joint mechanism with high back-drivability, that makes the dynamic coupling forces such as inertia force, centrifugal force available for dynamic motions and results reduction of necessary capacity for joint actuators leading to the reduction of weight of the robot. For this purpose, in this paper, we propose a novel knee joint mechanism consisting of a crossed four-bar linkage with variable transmission (CFLVT) and a joint stop inspired from human structure. CFLVT behaves as a transmission with variable reduction ratio according the knee joint angle to smooth the static torque so that the knee joint can be driven by a small actuator with low reduction ratio. In addition, a joint stop at the maximum extending angle is introduced in the knee joint which is useful for force assist just like that of a human. The characteristic and design of CFLVT and joint stop are described first. And a prototype of the bipedal robot implemented with CFLVT and joint stop is developed. The feasibility of the proposed mechanism is shown by experimental results for walking and kicking motions.


Introduction Victorian America, 1865-1900 Home, Sweet Home Dress Codes New Ways to Shop Modern America, 1900-1945 Mr Advertiser Meets Mrs Consumer Sensing a Wider World Designing the Auto Age Boomer America, 1945-2005 Destination Suburbia Casual Style Electronics "R" Us Conclusion.


The reflectance of two commonly used oils, crude oil and diesel, is measured under various conditions: on a water surface, among pack ice, and on/beneath compact ice. The spectral characteristics of each oil are analyzed using the results from these measures. In conjunction with estimated noise thresholds of the sensor environment, the theoretical potential to identify oil is assessed for the hyperspectral Hyperion. The hyperspectral sensor is more sensitive to the crude oil than to diesel under all conditions. The visible and infrared bands, from 468 nm to 933 nm, are more suitable to identify the crude oil. In addition, when the background is pack ice, the infrared region from 1134 nm to 1326 nm is another potential useful zone. Through the visible-to-infrared bands, the sensitivity to the existence of diesel is inferior to that of crude oil. Relatively, the bands greater than 1134 nm have the potential to separate diesel from the water or sea ice. These characteristics and sensitivity of oil film in terms of ice and oil type can be effectively used to select suitable bands to distinguish oils from sea water and sea ice.


Objective To study the underlying mechanism of DL-3-n-butylphthalide in protecting brain against ischemic injury by observing its intervention effect on blood-brain barrier in rats. Methods One hundred and twenty SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(n= 24),cerebral ischemia group(n= 24) and DL-3-n-butylphthalide group(n= 72).A global cerebral ischemia model was established by ligating the 4 blood vessels.Rats in DL-3-n-butylphthalide group were further divided into 0.3 mg/kg DL-3-n-butylphthalide group,1.0 mg/kg DL-3-n-butylphthalide group,and 3.0 mg/kg DL-3-n-butylphthalide group.Evans blue concentration and VEGF expression level in brain tissue were measured by immunohistochemistry.Circulating endothelial cells(CEC) in heart tissue samples were counted.Results The evans blue concentration, VEGF expression level and the number of CEC were significantly higher in cerebral ischemia group than in sham operation group and significantly lower in different DL-3-n-butylphthalidedose groups,especiaaly in 3.0 mg/kg DL-3-n-butylphthalide group than in cerebral ischemia group(P0.05,P0.01).Conclusion DL-3-n-butylphthalide protects brain against ischemic injury by decreasing the VEGF expression,the number of CEC and the permeability of blood-brain barrier in rats following global cerebral ischemia.


The unprecedented growth of demand for charging electric vehicles (EVs) calls for novel expansion solutions to today's charging networks. Riding on the wave of the proliferation of sharing economy, Airbnb-like charger sharing markets open the opportunity to expand the existing charging networks without requiring costly and time-consuming infrastructure investments, yet the successful design of such markets relies on innovations at the interface between game theory, mechanism design, and large scale optimization. In this paper, we propose a price-based iterative double auction for charger sharing markets where charger owners rent out their under-utilized chargers to the charge-needing EV drivers. Charger owners and EV drivers form a two-sided market which is cleared by a price-based double auction. Chargers' locations, availabilities, and unit time service costs as well as drivers' time and location preferences are considered in the allocation and scheduling process. The goal is to compute social welfare maximizing schedules which benefit both charger owners and EV drivers and, in turn, ensure the continuous growth of the market. We prove that the proposed double auction is budget balanced and individually rational. In addition, results from our computational study show that the proposed auction achieves on average 94% efficiency compared with that of the optimal solutions and is suitable for a larger day-ahead charger sharing market setting in terms of running time.


This study used Amazon Mechanical Turk to crowdsource public opinions about sharing medical records for clinical research. The 1,508 valid respondents comprised 58.7% males, 54% without college degrees, 41.5% students or unemployed, and 84.3% under 40 years old. More than 74% were somewhat willing to share de-identified records. Education level, employment status, and gender were identified as significant predictors of willingness to share one's own or one's family's medical records (partially identifiable, completely identifiable, or de-identified). Thematic analysis applied to respondent comments uncovered barriers to sharing, including the inability to track uses and users of their information, potential harm (such as identity theft or healthcare denial), lack of trust, and worries about information misuse. Our study suggests that implementing reliable medical record de-identification and emphasizing trust development are essential to addressing such concerns. Amazon Mechanical Turk proved cost-effective for collecting public opinions with short surveys.


adolescents assessed on the Rustin interview procedure (Rustin, 1987). This makes interesting reading, as it describes details of health, development, behaviour, and socialization experienced by the families. The chapter by Conture and Kelly gives a thorough overview of research on the speech production skills of young stutterers, both in relation to fluent and dysfluent utterances. They conclude that some children may have inefficient methods of speech production which makes them susceptible to environmental disruptors of fluency. Susan Meyers in Chapter 3 looks at parent-child verbal interaction which influences dysfluency. Interruptions by the child of the parent and speed of parental speech are the primary culprits in the disruption of fluency. Meyer's intervention approach focuses on metalinguistic knowledge and social-interaction skills within a speech control method.


BACKGROUND
The utility of fatty acids (FAs) as biomarkers of total fat intake is unknown.

OBJECTIVE
We compared FA changes in red cells (RCs), plasma phospholipids (PLs), and cholesterol esters (CEs) in response to a low-fat diet (LFD) and a moderate-fat diet (MFD) and assessed whether individual or combination of FAs predict LFD.

DESIGN
Postmenopausal women (n = 66) were randomly assigned to receive an LFD (17% of energy from fat) or an MFD (34% of energy from fat) for 6 wk. All foods were provided. FAs in diets and blood were determined by gas-liquid chromatography. FA changes between baseline and end of study were compared across diets by using t tests. FA predictors of an LFD were selected by logistic regression.

RESULTS
Many FAs in RCs, PLs, and CEs responded differently to the 2 diets. Changes from baseline with an LFD for palmitic acid (16:0) (3-11% increase), behenic (22:0) and lignoceric (24:0) acids (3-20% decrease, in RCs and PLs only), cis-monounsaturated FA (MUFA) (25-35% increase), linoleic acid (18:2n-6) (11-13% decrease), trans octadecanoic acids (trans 18:1) (7-20% decrease), and n-6 highly unsaturated FA (HUFA) (2-8% increase) were significantly different from changes with an MFD. Individually, 18:2n-6 and trans 18:1 were strong predictors of an LFD [receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves: 0.92-0.80). A logistic regression model with trans 18:1, 18:2n-6, and vaccenic acid (18:1n-7) predicted an LFD with high specificity and sensitivity (ROC curves: 0.99).

CONCLUSIONS
Saturated FA, cisMUFA, n-6 HUFA, and exogenous FAs greatly differed in their response to the LFD and MFD. Parallel responses were observed in RCs, PLs, and CEs. A model with a combination of FAs almost perfectly differentiated the consumption of 34% fat from that of 17% fat.


Below its critical temperature, the triangular Ising model with pure three-spin interactions has a spontaneous magnetization M. The first 13 terms of a series expansion for M are known. Here these are re-arranged into a form which can be extrapolated to all terms in a natural way. Thus a conjecture is obtained for M. It fits the scaling prediction beta =1/12. Another order parameter is similarly discussed, together with the difficulties encountered in applying the technique to the two-spin Ising model susceptibility.