Determine the extent to which diets with higher fiber intakes (g) at baseline are independently associated with cancer development by final study visit in a cohort of rural post-menopausal women.

 This study was a secondary analysis of participants in a four-year randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation (2000 IU/d vitamin D3 and 1500 mg/d calcium) on cancer development in rural post-menopausal women in Nebraska (June 2009-August 2015). Diets, including fiber intake (total, soluble, fruit-vegetable, grain and bean fiber), were evaluated via a 2005 Block Food Frequency Questionnaire at baseline. T-tests were used to evaluate the difference in dietary fiber intakes between all-type cancer and non-cancer groups. Logistic regression models, controlling for pertinent covariates, were used to determine if dietary fiber intake at baseline is associated with the cancer development. Dietary fiber variables were log-transformed and stratified by treatment group.

 There were 1977 participants available for analysis. Median total fiber intake was 14.35 g or 65% of the Dietary Reference Intake. There was no significant difference between dietary fiber intakes at baseline between the cancer group and non-cancer group. For people on vitamin D and calcium supplementation, higher dietary soluble fiber and fruit-vegetable fiber intakes at baseline were protective against cancer development [Soluble OR: 0.50; 95% CI (0.26, 0.96); Fruit-vegetable OR: 0.56; 95% CI (0.33, 0.94)]. In participants without vitamin D and calcium supplementation, the odds of having higher bean fiber intake was 1.62 times higher in those with cancer [OR: 1.62 (95% CI (1.07, 2.47)]. Total fiber and grain fiber intakes were not significantly associated with cancer development.

 While low fiber intake is prevalent among rural post-menopausal women, those with higher intakes of soluble and fruit-vegetable fiber may be more protected against development of all-type cancer when supplemented with calcium and vitamin D. Further analysis should examine the relationship between supplementation and bean fiber intake on the development of cancer.

 The original study was funded by the National Cancer Institute and Creighton University internal funding. No additional funding was used for the secondary analysis.


Objective To study the spare demand rate and storage quantity probability model for military medical equipment in order to make a valuable reference to the decision-making of medical organization for the further medical support.Methods The reliability and maintainability of spare in the process of equipment maintenance were studied,and the signifi-cant factors which have influence on spare demand rate were analyzed.By using Passion theory,spare demand rate proba-bility model of medical equipment was deduced,especially for repairable components and un-repairable components spare.By calculating the probability of replaceable spare,a useful method to scientifically make out the storage quantity of mili-tary medical equipment was provided.Results The models of spare demand rate and storage quantity were made for mili-tary medical equipment maintenance.Conclusion The solution of the model is simple and convenient and the calculating results shows that the spare demand rate and storage quantity is close to the reality.It can meet the requirements of pre-diction of spare demand rate and determination of the storage quantity in maintenance support of medical equipment in peacetime.


Dynamics of the universe from radiation-dominated to matter dominated has been
discussed. Interaction between two fluid components which contain plasma and radiation for
galaxy formation and its influence to unstable density fluctuations in the universe has been
investigated. The method for investigating this interaction is dispersion-relation method.


Three new compounds, [Cu(bimb)]2(HPW12O40)·3H2O (1), (H2bimb)2SiW12O40 (2) and (H2bimb)3CoW12O40 (3) (bimb = 1,4-bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)biphenyl), have been synthesized under the same hydrothermal conditions. Structural characterizations by single-crystal X-ray diffraction show that compound 1 possesses a porous metal–organic pseudo-rotaxane framework in which [PW12O40]3−clusters are encapsulated, whereas compounds 2 and 3 are common supramolecular compounds. The distinct structure of compound 1 suggests that the porous framework may selectively encapsulate the polyoxometalate clusters, although the three polyoxometalate clusters have subtle structural differences. Catalytic photodegradation of organic dye RhB by compounds 1–3 has been studied.


This paper addresses the challenge of uncertainty quantification in text classification for medical purposes and provides a three-fold approach to support robust and trustworthy decision-making by medical practitioners. Also, we address the challenge of imbalanced datasets in the medical domain by utilizing the Mondrian Conformal Predictor with a Naïve Bayes classifier.


The pentose phosphate shunt (PPS) was shown to be active in roses (Rosa hybrida L.). The C6/C1 ratio indicated that possibly as much as 50% of the glucose oxidized in the rose flower is through the PPS. However, the activity of the PPS in relation to the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathyway-tricarboxylic acid cycle (EMP-TCA) pathway did not change significantly throughout the cut life of the rose. There was a drop in the respiratory rate of petals throughout the cut flower life. The inner petals exhibited a consistantly higher respiratory rate than did outer petals regardless of whether the flower was kept in water or preservative.


This artist's book presents a succession of monochrome pages in blue, the last of which contains six brief poetic paragraphs leading to the narration of a sexual encounter between two male characters.


Ambient air pollution has been shown to be a major public health concern in Europe. Future changes in population exposures to ambient air pollution are inherently linked with long-term trends in outdoor air quality, but also with changes in the building stock. Moreover, the burden of disease is further driven by the ageing of the European populations. This study aims to assess the impact of changes in climate, emissions, building stocks and population on air pollution related human health impacts across Europe. An integrated model is used to test how sensitive the final health outcome is to changes in the main input data. The system connects global (ECHAM5) and regional (RCA3) climate models with two Chemistry-Transport Models (CTMs) DEHM and MATCH. In this study projected future levels of both ozone and particulate matter is used as input to the Economic Valuation of Air pollution (EVA) model system for an integrated assessment of the related exposure and health effects. The Nordic region is studied in detail as the impact of projected changes in the building stock, and hence in the infiltration rates, may impact the exposure to air pollution. The EU Directive on Energy Performance of Buildings requires for example that the all new buildings inside the Nordic region will comply with nearly zero energy standards by 2020 and this will impact the actual exposure. Future projections of NH3 emissions from the ECLAIRE project are also included in the calculations. These estimates indicate an increase in NH3 emissions from the agricultural sector by up to ca. 40% due to climate change. We include a scenario using these new emissions to evaluate if increased emission of ammonia due to climate change might have an impact on the related health effects. The integrated system and the proposed analysis will form a basis for improved assessment of air quality and health effects in a changing world.


We present a framework for approximate Bayesian inference when only a limited number of noisy log-likelihood evaluations can be obtained due to computational constraints, which is becoming increasingly common for applications of complex models. We model the log-likelihood function using a Gaussian process (GP) and the main methodological innovation is to apply this model to emulate the progression that an exact Metropolis-Hastings (MH) sampler would take if it was applicable. Informative log-likelihood evaluation locations are selected using a sequential experimental design strategy until the MH accept/reject decision is done accurately enough according to the GP model. The resulting approximate sampler is conceptually simple and sample-efficient. It is also more robust to violations of GP modelling assumptions compared with earlier, related"Bayesian optimisation-like"methods tailored for Bayesian inference. We discuss some theoretical aspects and various interpretations of the resulting approximate MH sampler, and demonstrate its benefits in the context of Bayesian and generalised Bayesian likelihood-free inference for simulator-based statistical models.


ABSTRACT Recently, in the academic and artistic field, the term 'digital sonosphere'—or sometimes simply 'sonosphere'—has started to be widely disseminated and used. Confronting this relatively new term from a scientific perspective has generated a lot of pertinent doubts related to its connotations, functional ambit, definition and the reality it describes. Through a review of the scientific literature, this research proposes a revision and evaluation of the term 'digital sonosphere'. This work aims to identify the functional application of the concept studied, its added value compared to existing concepts and, at the same time, to highlight its deficiencies related to scientific use in the study of sound perception nowadays. The conclusions of this research present the term 'digital sonosphere' as ambiguous, context-dependent and redundant in relation to existing terms. Nevertheless, the term's application is considered useful in some specific types of analysis.


It was evaluated the results of treatment 64 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax. In 35 cases (control group) medical care was realized by traditional methods and in 29 - using thoracoscopy (study group). The confidence index of determine the causes of spontaneous pneumothorax in study group was 96,6% (in control group did not exceed 11,4%). Effective implementation of the measures algorithm innovative therapeutic and diagnostic measures in patients with SP, available not only in the hospitalization of such patients in a hospital, specialized in the provision of IP in the pathology Profile «thoracic surgery», but also in other medical institutions where it is possible to perform the vehicle. This information should be taken into account in the routing of patients with a joint venture in the course of providing them with emergency medical care.


Abstract The influence of the microstructure of polycarbonate (PC) on performance was systematically investigated by both experimental method and molecular simulation. Yield stress, impact strength, molecular weight, and transmittance were used to distinguish the degradation processes between different PCs, and thermal degradation kinetics was studied to obtain the activation energy. At the molecular level, through 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, it was observed that PCs have a more polar group of benzene rings, resulting in the high density, dielectric constant, and tensile modulus. Meanwhile, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was employed under a polymer consistent force field force field. Specific volume and mechanical property were analyzed to investigate the thermodynamic property. The molecular dynamics simulation and experimental results on half decomposition temperature (T1/2), refraction index, flow activation energy, average density, cohesive energy density, glass transition temperature (Tg), and elastic modulus had good agreement. Therefore, it was indicated that the molecular simulation could successfully study the characteristics and properties. The fundamental studies would be expected to supply useful information for designing materials and optimizing processing technology.


a) research and development for new semiconductor products, b) capacities for R&D pilot line manufacturing of advanced and leading node-size chips in close collaboration with foundry high-volume manufacturing to promote the EU industry and strengthen its technological sovereignty (e.g., its value chain), c) competencies for new manufacturing processes and computing-intensive architectures for advanced cloud and edge computing, automotive, 5/6G, health and other industrial applications, d) advanced packaging, e) hardware support for high-performance computing for defense, research and industry.


Cleeve Care, one of the council's home care providers, is closing. It has committed to continuing its services today (Friday 3 March) and over the weekend.


It has been widely suggested that space photography may be used for updating maps of transportation networks. Proponents of the argument have suggested that color space photographs of the resolution obtained with Hasselblad 80 mm lenses (about 300 feet) contain enough useful information to update the extensions of major U . S . highways. The present study systematically documents for the Dallas-Fort Worth area ' the potential of such'space photography in detecting, and to a lesser degree identifying, the existing road networks.Color separation plates and an enlargement of the color photograph were produced and all visible ; roads traced onto transparencies for study. In addition, a four county : sample area was selected for more detailed analysis in comparing the actual network with those roads detected and other linear elements mistaken for roads. Attempts were made to discover to what degree road width, surface type, topography, land use, and linearity affect road visibility. ' . ' Major roads and roads under construction were the most visible while lower class roads and roads in urban areas had the poorest return. Road width and classification were found to be the major determinant in visibility, varying from 100'per cent visible for divided highways to 15 per cent visible of bladed earth roads. In the five county sample area, 4 per cent of the linear elements detected were not roads; but were rather-streams and rivers, field borders, pipelines, telephone cables, oil field borders, railroads, lakeshore, waterways, trails to'oil rigs, and unknown elements. The sun was at an angle of some 40° above the horizon at the time of the photography, and, as would be anticipated, ^ roads vary in visibility as a function of fore or back-lighting. -In summary, space photographs of this resolution proved to be difficult to use for accurate road delineation. Only super highways in rural areas with the greatest road-width v/ere completely identifiable, the width being about 1/3 that of the resolution cell. Lower class roads were confused with other linear elements or were simply not visible. ' We would anticipate that, to positively detect and identify all but the : smallest of roads, the resolution should be about 50 feet. INTRODUCTION The problem of using outdated road and transportation maps or finding accurate new ones has confronted almost everyone from time to time. This is true not only for super highways in the U . S . but also in identifying trails and dirt roads in remote areas that are incorrectly listed or omitted entirely due to outdated or inadequate information. Present methods rely on costly field studies and random if any air photo reconnaissance. . .,V; -Supported .by U:. S. G . S.: Contra ctUSG 8^4-08^00]J0848 -,^^^,fc^^£ !v^0-w5.̂ ;.̂ ,.î >;g ,̂;>^^%^*^»^ i":;"?.**.-.:-•'"-" • • ~-~ • • • ' " ; • . ia.:v;.i^>_-->.'lt>ha.s.beenj.wi_dely.jsugg_este.^.jhati,space photo.graphs. may be used for .up-dating maps of . -••transportation networks. .Trie prppqnents"df"s.uch 'a View"afgue~i.bat ihe'exfremely^high^'sltitude of ̂ Af^-J^ ^'^ space photography would permit coverage of large areas with single photos, thus eliminating many -•'=•* • • : . : .,,.., inaccuracies in present procedures, while consistently providing current information on the area-. ' . ' " ' • New and existing roads could be identified and transportation maps accurately and easily up-dated. The necessary construction of new and expansion of old transportation networks into areas of recent and future urban development could be rationally planned. Existing natural and future man-made obstacles to proposed road construction could be readily foreseen and compensated for, thus eliminating much costly right-of-way purchase at a later date. Presumably, this same identification ability in up-dating maps would be even more valuable in road analysis of remote areas. In order to use space photography for such purposes it is necessary not only to detect the presence of linear elements (i.e. roads,, railroads, pipelines, etc.) but also consistently to iden. . tify and discriminate between them. It has been suggested that color space photographs of the resolution obtained with the 80 mm lens employed in the Apollo VI space photography, which lie in the range of 180 to 450 .feet (on axis and 20° off axis) with a contrast ratio of 1.6:1,' contain enough useful information to update transportation maps showing at least the major highways in the U. S. , / and that higher resolution photographs, obtained with 150 to 300 mm focal lengths would enable even minor roads to be detected. ' ' . • . . . • -•.«*r:.^-v,,-«-jî .-^^.-i^4-%;vU«rt!,^Ctao./v«>.: -.. . . :. -. : g.....,̂ '. . . . . . . . . . ,_ . . . , The present study, the first of a series, systematically documents for the Dallas-Fort Wortli ' •'-''--' area the potentials and problems of Apollo VI color space photography in the detection and identi. fication of existing road networks. This area was selected for examination because of the apparent number of visible roads and the variety of landscapes, soils and land uses available. Figure 1 is a 3 times reproduction of the space photograph showing the area covered, while Figure 2 gives both the Interstate and U. S. Highways, with major towns and cities. We have found in this study that, to be consistently detected a road normally should have a width (road plus shoulder width) of equal to or greater than one-fourth of the resolution cell at a contrast ratio of 1.6 to 1. For the Dallas area this means that only roads (actually roads plus shoulder width) no less than 70 feet widewould be fully, and unambiguously, detected. As the road width decreases other elements enter into a resolution cell resulting either in misidentification of roads with other linear elements, or a failure to detect roads. Consequently, for certain identification we estimate at this time that the resolution of a f i lm should be of the order of the narrowest road which one desires to identify. With resolutions of 50 to 100 feet one should be able to detect paved, two lane highways, and a fifteen foot resolution should enable detection even of narrow dirt roads in most cases, provided sufficient background contrast is maintained. Further studies are planned for the fall of 1969 using photographs with resolutions of 10 feet to 100 feet to document the validity of this hypothesis. • CAMERA AND FILM DATA ' " .The Apollo VI space photograph shown in Figure 1, is one of a stereo triplet obtained April 13, 1968, at 8:43 a .m. local sun time, from an altitude of 128 statute miles. The camera employed •was a 70 mm J. A. Maurer Model 200-G sequence camera. Each frame (41° field-of-view) was taken 8.64 seconds apart with 65 per cent overlap at 1/500 second and f 5.6. Spacecraft stabilization was such that the photograph has less than one-half degree tip in the direction of flight and one-third degree tilt across track. The lens used was a f 2.8 Kodak Ektar of 76 mm focal length without a filter. In order to reduce the high atmospheric luminance from short wavelength Rayleigh scattering a sharp cutting Wratten 2E haze filter was used which cut with 6.5 per cent transmission at 420 nanometers, 59 per cent at 430,nm, 80 per cent at 440 nm, and 90 per cent at 480 nm. Beyond 500 nm it is virtually flat in its response at 91 per cent transmission to 720 nm. The film used was Kodak type SO-121, a high resolution, high contrast, aerial color positive. . . •( Since sufficient quantities of flight emulsion were not available prior to shipment of the camera to the launch site no resolution testing was done using the flight film and flight lens. .However the manufacturer's lens test at f 2.8, 1/1000 sec with Plus-X (type 3401) film gave the. \ following average of radial and tangential resolutions with a high contrast target: 0", 71 line pairs/ ;. mm; 5°, 70; 10°; 65.S; 15°, 46; 20°. -35. 5; and 25° , 13. Areal weighted average resolution was 45 line pairs/mm. It has not proved possible for us to test this lens with SO-121 film but, from performance tests with other lenses and films we'believe this lens-film combination would be In the preparation of this section we have drawn heavily from an updated, unsigned manuscript "Camera System and Calibration," Apollo AS-502 (Apollo VI) by the Instrumentation and Electronic Systems Division, Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, Texas. Quotations labelled 'camera system' are from this document. . • • likely to have a performance at a contrast ratio of 1.6:1 (a common ratio between roads and background in this area, as well as being a standard value) of the order of 50 line pairs at 0° (nadir) and 5°; 45 at 10°; 30 at 15°, 2Q at 20° , and 10 or less at 25° . These resolutions give equivalent ground resolutions on the ?0 mm film, with a mean scale of 1:2,800,000 of 180 feet at 0° and 5°, 200 at 10°, 300 at 15°, 450 at 20° , and 900 at 25°. A rough areal weighted average resolution would be 30 line pairs pe'r mm, equivalent to 300 feet with a 1.6:1 contrast ratio. The photographs were taken through a hatch window inclined at such an angle to the camera that the light rays reaching the camera ranged from "near normal at the comers in the direction of flight to approximately 10° at the center of the leading edge. The angles of incidence increase toward the trailing edge when they become greater than 50 degrees" (Camera Systems). The significance of this is that using a refractive index of 1.5442 for quartz, the maximum polarization of light in the plane of the surface occurs at 57°4 ' . In addition the Apollo window consists of a series of plates, thus multiplying polarization effects as the rays pass from surface to surface, :first through an optical grade quartz heat shield, then multilayer blue-red reflection coatings, and then through 2 panes of Corning #1723 aluminosillacate glass, themselves coated with reflection reducing layers. 'Thus the light rays reaching the film


Chestnut blight, caused by the Ascomycete Endothia parasitic, was first discovered in the United States in 1904 in New York City and spread rapidly northeast, west, and southwest. By 1910 it had spread as far south as southeastern Pennsylvania and in 1920 the "80 per cent infection zone" extended along the Blue Ridge mountains to central Virginia. In 1926 local infections had been reported in western North Carolina, northern Georgia, and northwestern South Carolina. In 1930 Gravatt and Gill reported that infection in western North Carolina showed eighty to ninety-nine per cent. Owners of chestnut timber in the newly infected areas of the Carolinas and Georgia quickly cut as much of that lumber as possible. Most of the remaining chestnut (Castanea dentata)lt trees, dead or alive, have been gradually removed, until now, twenty years after the blight reached its peak, there are only a few scattered ghost trees left to indicate the once relatively great importance of the species. The removal of a species which made up more than 40 per cent of the overstory trees in the climax forests of an area would certainly be expected to produce changes in the composition of the vegetation of the region. It is possible that species co-dominant with chestnut would advance in rank and become the most important species in the new climax. It is also possible, as Braun (1950) suggests, that the opening of the canopy, the release of undergrowth trees, and the resulting changes in the humus layer may cause


1 This article is based on research supported by the Canada Council and Memorial University. I am grateful to many Inuit from Labrador for their skill and patience in providing data. In particular, I wish to thank Bertha Kairtok, Sam Metcalfe, Ken Jararuse, and Joel Tullak. I am indebted to Vit Bubenik, John Hewson, and Leila Clase for commenting on an earlier version of this article. I also wish to thank Leila Clase for data collection, Wilf Bussey for computer programming, and Susan Shaffer for typing and proofreading.


Introduction: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the most common neurotrauma with high morbidity and mortality. Many guidelines recommend the use of mechanical ventilation for severe TBI patients, but there are limited resources of procuring ventilator machine in hospitals especially in developing countries. Yet it is not comparable with the number of TBI patients. Objective: This study is purposed to provide the profile of ventilation and oxygenation (airway patency, RR, PaCO 2 , and PaO 2 ) in severe TBI patients (GCS 60 mmHg (100%), RR>20 breaths per minute (70.2%), and patent airways (64.9%) with simple support of oxygen. 8.1% of all of those patients had PaCO 2 >45 mmHg. Conclusion: Most of the severe TBI admitted in the ER of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital had hypocapnia or respiratory rate higher than the normal range. Though one-third of the patient has partial obstruction of the airway, no significant hypoxemia is found.


We use the basis vectors from NMF to learn dictionaries in the training process. In the application of speech denoising, prior training of either speech or noise [4] or both have been used. For more robust systems, getting an estimate of noise is very difficult as it is very random. Also the system should be able to function effectively for all speakers and not just a particular one. For this purpose, this model assumes only some prior information of speech in general. I used what is called a Universal Speech Model (USM) for speech training [1]. It consists of dictionaries of different speakers and the algorithm uses the speaker whose basis vectors are closest to the one in test. This is called Block Kullback Leibler NMF (BLK-KLNMF) as we have to model the speaker's clean speech from a random set of speakers using some sparsity based method to get the right activations.


The Prisoner's Dilemma is a simple model that captures the essential contradiction between individual rationality and global rationality. Although the single-shot Prisoner's Dilemma is usually viewed simple, in this paper we will propose an algorithmic model and a non-binding scheme to help non-cooperative agents obtain Pareto-efficient payoffs self-enforcingly. The scheme stems from quantum game theory, but is applicable to the macro world immediately.


Municipal solid waste in the developing world is often improperly disposed of in dumps near slums or simply discarded along the roadside in rural villages. This waste, particularly plastic, is a serious environmental and health concern for the communities in those regions. Lack of infrastructure, capital, and governmental policies contributes to the waste pile-up. Thus, methods of removing, recycling, and repurposing the otherwise pollutant waste are needed. In order to address the problem of plastic waste accumulation in developing regions, a process based on the principles of Appropriate Technology for converting waste plastic into a fuel oil similar to diesel fuel or kerosene has been proposed by the University of Kentucky Appropriate Technology and Sustainability (UKATS) research team. Several commonly occurring plastics such as High and Low Density Polyethylene, Polypropylene, and Polystyrene have been analyzed for their potential as a source of hydrocarbon fuel oil. In order to optimize this chemical process, the temperature parameters leading to maximum product yield have been studied. Experiments have been conducted in a small scale pyrolysis chamber to determine the optimum process temperature. Along with data collection of individual plastics, a mixture of the waste plastic was also analyzed.


Sharia insurance operational model was developed with the approach of trial and error by scholars and industry as a process to obtain the ideal format which can be used as a foundation for Islamic insurance operations. Models that are formed are: mudharabah model, wakalah model, and hybrid model. The development of the operational model of islamc insurance still continue because there are still many problems and Islamic issues that must be resolved. The hybrid model is the incorporation of the wakalah and mudharabah model. This model is mostly used in shariah insurance company in Indonesia because it is considered fair enough for policyholders and companies. In this paper, will do research on hybrid model by taking one example of Hajj travel insurance products, that is Mitra Mabrur Plus (AJB Bumiputera 1912) through the algorithm as follows: 1) translate the hybrid model scheme of Mitra Mabrur Plus into mathematical equations 2) drafting table of hybrid insurance Mitra Mabrur Plus model using mathematical equations on stage 1 and some initial value that set by the insurance company. This hybrid model table will show the details of the management of funds sourced from the contribution of the policyholders, including the quantity percentage of personal account, the percentage of tabarru' account, the percentage of ujrah, magnitudes of profit and benefit that be accrues to the policyholders. Through this table, are expected that management of the fund contribution is shariah insurance will be more transparent and fair for companies or policyholders.


The moments of inertia, in yaw, pitch, and roll, as well as the center of gravity height are necessary to successfully model the three-dimensional (3D) dynamic behaviour of vehicles before, during and after collision. A number of vehicle parameter estimation techniques have been developed and are currently in use in North America and Europe. Many parameters have been measured by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and others. The estimation techniques are compared to the available measured values, and recommendations are made for best estimating the parameters when measured values are not available. The sensitivity of 3D vehicle collision dynamics and trajectory simulation to variance in the moment of inertia is demonstrated. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 899758.


The sensor network localization with uncertainties in anchor
positions has been studied in this paper. We formulate this
problem as a DC (difference of two convex functions) programming.
Then, a DC programming based algorithm has been proposed to solve
such a problem. Simulation results obtained by our proposed method
are better performance than those obtained by existing ones.


This study consists of two parts. The first part is a development of a more fundamertal and quantitative understanding of the transport of noble gas atoms through glasses and single-crystal Si and Ge. Literature pertinent to gaseous permeation through these materials is reviewed with respect to experimental data and explanations for the observed permeations. A series of equations for the permeation coefficient is developed in terms of the solubility coefficient and diffusion coefficient. The theory is further extended for Si and Ge to include calculation of the activation energy for diffusion and solution. From this resulting quantitative theory, it is possible to explain the relationship of glass modifiers to permeability, and the increase in density with increasing amounts of glass modifiers up to about 10 mol percent, and to identify the forces probably responsible for the observed activation energies for diffusion and solution. The second part consists of an investigntion of the effect of induced stresses on permeation through normally impermeable high-purity Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ bodies. Stress-enhanced permeation is found and related to the microstructure of these bodies. Adsorption of helium on internal surfaces of these bodies is also found as well as initial stress-free permeability for specimens that latermore » become impermeable. The permeability found is considered to be signlficantly different from that discussed for glass and single-crystal silicon and germanium. (auth)« less


Education and rehabilitation of people with disabilities are included in the mainstream of social life as a realization of a particular model accounting for both human beings and human relationships. The emplacement of disability and the tasks of special edu-cation in the emancipatory paradigm implies acceptance of the principles derived from the assumptions of liberalism as a concept explaining the essence of human freedom. At the same time the emancipatory trend in the sciences of education has clearly socio-political nature, which essence is the opposition to ideological and economic domina-tion and exclusion of certain social groups. To a large extent it is the opposition to the rules of the neoliberal economy, treated as a source of social and economic crisis. This article presents the relationship between the idea of freedom and the free market in the context of the social model of disability and special education emancipatory paradigm.


AIM: Glaucoma is becoming an increasingly important public health problem and presents a greater public health challenge because the blindness it causes is irreversible. This study is aimed at assessing the knowledge and risk factors for glaucoma among adults in Oke-ose community, Kwara State in North-Cental Nigeria.
METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study which assessed the knowledge and risk factors for glaucoma among adults in a rural community of Kwara State. The respondents were selected using cluster sampling technique. Interviewer- administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 15.
RESULTS: Less than half 94(47.0%) respondents were aware of glaucoma. Only 11(5.5%) respondents had some knowledge of symptoms and 18(9.0%) had knowledge of the risk factors. Socio-economic status, age of respondents and educational status and family history of glaucoma among the respondents significantly influenced the awareness and knowledge of the disease (p


Background: Demand for publicly funded orthopaedic outpatient services is growing rapidly which affects a health service's ability to provide timely care. The current study describes the implementation and preliminary evaluation of a novel physiotherapist-led paediatric fracture clinic, which was introduced to provide more timely care to children. The study evaluated 1) the length of time patients spent in the outpatient department per appointment, 2) did-not-attend rates and 3) unplanned re-presentations to the clinic for the same problem. Methods: The study was conducted at a large regional hospital in Victoria, Australia. A physiotherapist-led paediatric fracture clinic was introduced in 2013 to provide care to children with acute simple limb fractures. Descriptive data for all patients seen in the clinic between 1st January 2013 and 31st December 2018 were collected prospectively. The performance of the new service was evaluated by comparing it to the pre-existing orthopaedic surgeon-led fracture clinic for the six months prior to the introduction of the new service for 1) the total time patients spent in the outpatient department per appointment and 2) the number of patients that failed to attend an appointment. The pre-existing surgeon-led clinic was also compared to the surgeon-led clinic for the six months following the introduction of the physiotherapist-led clinic. Total time spent in the department per appointment was compared between groups using linear regression, controlling for age, diagnosis and appointment type (new or review). The proportion of patients who did not attend an appointment were compared between groups using the chi square test. The number of unplanned representations to either clinic was assessed between 01/01/2013 and 31/12/2018. Results: Between 2013 and 2018, there were 4337 attendances at the physiotherapist-led clinic. Total time in the department was significantly less (p<.05) for patients seen in the physiotherapist-led clinic when compared to the pre-existing surgeon-led clinic (median difference 82 minutes). Total time in the surgeon-led clinic also reduced following the introduction of the new service (median difference 21 minutes). Did-not-attend rates (10.3%) and unplanned re-presentations (0.6%) were similar (p>.05) between the groups. Conclusions: The physiotherapist-led clinic improved the timeliness of care for paediatric patients without evidence of compromised patient safety. KEYWORDS: Paediatrics, musculoskeletal health, service evaluation, service redesign, workforce reform, fractures, orthopaedics.


An experimental investigation of the optogalvanio effect of ArII in an HOD lamp by using an Ar+ laser, with its Ising line at 514.5nm, 496.5nm, and 476.5nm separately is reported. By considering various effects, such as ionization, recombination, and other mechanism of excited ions, we propose a simplified model which can be used to explain experimental results satisfactorily. The possibility of measuring some parameters of discharge plasmas in low-possibility of measuring optogalvanio effect is also suggested.


Abstract Background: Delayed achievement of target vancomycin serum concentrations may adversely affect clinical outcomes. The objective of this retrospective study was to compare the prediction accuracy of different body weight descriptors for volume of distribution and to propose an optimal loading dose (LD) for continuous infusion regimens in adults. Methods: Pharmacokinetic variables were computed using one-compartmental analysis. Simulated LDs of vancomycin were evaluated for each patient. Results: Volume of distribution, clearance, and half-life median values (interquartile range) for vancomycin in the study population (n = 30) were 0.45 (0.39–0.61) L.kg−1, 0.026 (0.015–0.040) L.h−1.kg−1, and 10.3 (7.7–21.3) h, respectively. The observed volume of distribution was better predicted by total body weight (TBW) than by the ideal body weight or the adjusted body weight. Conclusions: An LD of 10.7 mg per kg TBW was optimal in our study population. Using this LD, 17.9% of simulated vancomycin serum levels were just below the therapeutic range, only 10.7% concentrations exceeded the target range and no concentration was toxic. The use of a LD would lead to reduced median time to reach target concentrations from 17 to 1 h.


Being related to communication technique area, the invention discloses method, system, network device, and mobile data service management platform for down sending content. The method includes following steps: receiving service request including audit content and id of standard content; the method looks up abstract of standard content corresponding to the said id of standard content, and when examining and approving standard content, the method saved the abstract, and the standard content is corresponding to id of standard content; generating abstract of audit content; determining whether abstract of audit content is consistent to abstract of standard content; if yes, then forwarding the service request; if not, ending the follow for down sending content. The invention guarantees that only content passed through audit is allowed for down sending to user so as to ensure validity and integrality of content.


Protection from and rejection of backgrounds is a key issue for the EDELWEISS-III direct dark matter detection experiment which aims at exploring the 10−9 pb cross-section region for spin-independent WIMP-nucleon interaction. The detector is located in the low radioactivity environment of the Modane Underground Laboratory and consists of 36 advanced FID germanium detectors operating at 18 mK in a dilution refrigerator in order to identify eventual rare nuclear recoils induced by elastic scattering of WIMPs from our Galactic halo. I will discuss the background and the methods of rejecting it with the FID detectors. Detector performances and the first analysis of data acquired in a long-term campaign will be presented as well. The FID detector technology is not limited to EDELWEISS-III but can further be employed in the next generation of cryogenic detector experiments.


A highly rarefied gas, initially in equilibrium, is compressed by an infinite plane piston. The resulting flow is considered when the gas is unbounded and also when the gas is bounded by a second stationary wall. In the first case, the density ahead of the piston is analysed for specularly and diffusely reflecting surfaces. In the second case, the average temperature of the gas is found as a function of the wall separation for specularly reflecting surfaces. This (non-equilibrium) temperature is compared with that generated in the corresponding continuum flow which involves multiple shock wave reflexion. It is shown that, for a given average density gradient, the free molecule temperatures are very much higher than the continuum temperatures.


Aims: To studyyam propagation and seed yam tuber production in aeroponics system. Study Design: The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design and treatments were replicated three times. Place of Study:This experiment was carried out at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Headquartersat Ibadan in Nigeria. Methodology: The experiment testedfresh vinecuttingsof five yam genotypes of two speciesinan aeroponics system. Tgenotypes ofDioscorearotundata(TDr 89/02475, TDr 89/02665 and TDr 95/18544) and two yam genotypes ofD. alata(TDa 98/01176 and TDa 291) were evaluated. Results:Vines of bothD. rotundataand D. alatarooted within 2 weeks inaeroponics system. The rooting of vine cuttingsvaried significantly among genotypes with a maximum of 98% for TDa 98/01176 and a minimum of 68% for TDr 89/02665. Mini -tubers harvested after 4 months of growth in a eroponics weighed between 0.2 and2.7g. A secondharvest 6 months later gave mini-tubers of up to 110g. Theanalysis of varianceshowed significant difference(P<0.05) among genotypes for rooting at 2 weeks after vineplanting, number of plantsurviving at 90 days after planting and percentage of plants with bulbils.The best ShortResearch Article


The scientific approach is the characteristic of the curriculum 2013. In learning to use a scientific approach, learning process consists of five stages: observe, ask, try, reasoning and convey. In the curriculum 2013 the source of learning is a book, print media, electronic and about nature or relevant learning resources. Most of the print instructional materials on the market does not appropriate in the curriculum 2013. Teaching materials with a scientific approach, beside that to the teaching materials should motivate students to not be lazy, do not get bored, and more eager to learn mathematics. So the development of scientific-based interactive teaching materials that if this approach to answer the challenge. The purpose of this research is to create teaching materials appropriate to the curriculum 2013 that is based on scientific approach and interactive. This study used research and developed methodology. The results of this study are scientific based interactive teaching materials can be used by learners. That can be used by learners are then expected to study teaching materials can be used in android smartphone and be used portable.


Dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) are sensitive to human disturbance both as adults that are on wings and as larvae that are aquatic. This attribute suggests their usage as assessment tool for determination of human disturbance within the ecosystem. Alatori stream in Akure Forest Reserve was studied from May 2008 to April 2010 in order to determine the water quality and abundance of Odonata species of the stream.  Adults and larvae specimens were sampled throughout the sampling period. A total of 767 adult specimens and 108 larvae were collected. Only 45.4% of the penultimate and ultimate larvae collected eclosed (emerged) to teneral adults. The composition of Odonata families occurring at the stream showed that Libellulidae was the highest (281) followed by Chlorocyphidae (158) while the lowest was Megapodagrionidae (5). The occurrence of members of the families Megapodagrionidae, Chlorocyphidae and Calopterigididae indicates that the stream ecosystem can sustain species with narrow niches. Seven physico-chemical variables: temperature (water and ambient), pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, water current velocity and depth of the stream were examined and analysed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) result revealed that conductivity, temperature and water depth played a major role in determining the community structure of odonate assemblage in the stream. The mean (±) standard deviation of electrical conductivity (184.25 ± 6.37μS/cm) of the water was indicative of an unpolluted freshwater system with stable habitat structure. The study suggests that the water quality of Alatori stream is healthy and can sustain Odonata and other fauna within the ecosystem.


From the point of ought to be,there is the case of the injury causing death under the offense of indirect intention,but from the perspective of conviction of to be,this case should not be Sentenced to the crime of willful(indirect intention) injure which cause death. This conviction will repeatedly evaluate the injury results of the intermediate form of indirect intentional injury with the final result of death,which violate the conviction mechanism of indirect intention crime. From the essence of overlapping of articles,it is consistent with the principle of legality that this case is sentenced to the crime of negligence causing death,and will not lead to the emergence of repeated evaluation.


Professor Selma Fraiberg is one of our foremost investigators of the ego development of blind children. She has designed and demonstrated the best program of intervention for the mental health of blind infants that we know. She is, additionally, one of psychoanalysis' most graceful writers. Her early book, The Magic Years, is widely used in teaching concepts of child development because of its soundness, clarity, and wisdom. It is therefore a special treat to have now Insights f rom the Blind; Comparative Studies of Blind and Sighted Infants written with the overall collaboration of Louis Fraiberg and with the individual collaboration of co-authors of particular chapters, David Freedman, Barry L. Siegel, Ralph Gibson, and Edna Adelson. This is a summary of her fifteen years of work with blind infants and their parents. After a summary of observations and a review of the salient literature, she notes that when she began, in 1960, no detailed longitudinal studies of blind babies existed. Mrs. Fraiberg's first study was of a five-month-old girl, blind from birth, who was visited monthly and recorded developmentally on film. The surprising discovery was made that the smiling response and stranger anxiety took place normally without vision, but interest in toys and mobility were delayed in spite of normal maturation. Material from the two-and-a-half-year treatment of a nineyear-old autistic blind child is then detailed. The data illuminate problems of the achievement of differentiation of erotic and aggressive drives and the attainment of an object concept. The last three-fourths of the book are devoted to Mrs. Fraiberg's 1963-1973 Ann Arbor Study of ten children, blind from


Yasha Rohwer and Emma Marris argue that we do not have a prima facie duty to preserve the genetic integrity of species. Rohwer and Marris take the duty to preserve genetic integrity as being equal to the claim that 'humans, all things considered, morally ought to prevent the mixture of genomes between such populations.' As examples of fulfillment of this alleged duty, Rohwer and Marris discuss some efforts to separate hybridized species, such as the North America bison from the domestic cattle, the European wildcat from the domestic cat, and white headed ducks from North American ruddy ducks. Since 'preservation' is an ambiguous term, it allows for different interpretations. There are at least three sense in which an agent can be said to preserve an entity or a state of affairs:


Automatic systolic array generation has long been an interesting topic due to the need to reduce the lengthy development cycles of manual designs. Existing automatic systolic array generation approach builds dependency graphs from algorithms, and iteratively maps computation nodes in the graph into processing elements (PEs) with time stamps that specify the sequences of nodes that operate within the PE. There are a number of previous works that implemented the idea and generated designs for ASICs. However, all of these works relied on human intervention and usually generated inferior designs compared to manual designs. In this work, we present our ongoing compilation framework named PolySA which leverages the power of the polyhedral model to achieve the end-to-end compilation for systolic array architecture on FPGAs. PolySA is the first fully automated compilation framework for generating high-performance systolic array architectures on the FPGA leveraging recent advances in high-level synthesis. We demonstrate PolySA on two key applications–matrix multiplication and convolutional neural network. PolySA is able to generate optimal designs within one hour with performance comparable to state-of-the-art manual designs.


The development of this application aims to produce information from the raw data of health centers in the DKI Jakarta province in 2017 which are still in the form of datasets for later data sets to be processed into an information center where this application focuses on searching the location of the puskesmas. This application uses the harvesine formula as the method of searching for the nearest health center and the waterfaal model as its development method. Using Puskesmas spatial data in the form of latitude and longitude coordinates and non-spatial data in the form of names, addresses and so on are processed into useful information for the Indonesian people, especially those in the DKI Jakarta province to make it easier for people to access information on community health centers.


Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is characterized as a progressive and irreversible inflammatory response in the airways and alveoli because of exposure to noxious particles or gases. Excessive inflammation causes progressive, persistent, and not fully reversible structural changes and airflow limitation. Although COPD is a significant public health problem, diagnosis and treatment stages need to be improved.Nocturnal Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation is one of the treatment modalities of choice for COPD exacerbation, and the role and benefits of NPPV in COPD exacerbation are well defined, but the use of nocturnal NPPV on stable severe COPD individuals is controversial, and the evidence is not sufficient yet. This review evaluates the effects of nocturnal NPPV on stable COPD patients.


A strain of Eimeria tenella that heretofore had never been exposed to drugs was serially propagated in groups of chickens that were initially fed suboptimal levels of zoalene. Differences in the response of experimental and control organisms to the recommended level of 0.0125 per cent zoalene were detectable after the experimental line had been passed ten times. Zoalene-fast organisms recovered from the 17th passage were also resistant, to a lesser degree, to nitrofurazone, but not to nicarbazin, Trithiadol, arsenosobenzene, glycarbylamide, or Unistat. The rapid reproduction of avian coccidia together with the prolonged use of chemical control agents at prophylactic levels favors the development of drug tolerance by the coccidians. Horton-Smith (1951) recognized the possibility of drug-fast strains developing and urged caution in the prophylactic use of sulfonamides. The data herein reported are from a portion of a continuing study of drug resistance by Eimeria tenella. Zoalene (3-5-dinitro-o-toluamide) has been shown to be an effective coccidiostat by Peterson (1960) and Joyner (1960). Unpublished results from this laboratory confirm its activity against E. tenella. However, to our knowledge nothing has been published on drug resistance to this compound. MATERIALS AND METHODS Development of a resistant strain. Threeweek-old chicks were used throughout. The birds were grouped by weight (see Gardiner and Wehr, 1950) into lots of 20 birds each. Routinely, two groups were studied concurrently, one unmedicated and the other zoalene-medicated. These basic groups were used to propagate serially the two strains of E. tenella. At the 7th, 11th, 18th, and 19th passages, additional groups were used to assay the degree of zoalene tolerance developed by the experimental strain. Groups medicated with 0.0125 per cent zoalene were inoculated with normal-line and resistant-line oocysts, respectively. A group of unmedicated birds also was inoculated with resistant-line oocysts to allow comparisons of strain virulence. Uninoculated-unmedicated and uninoculated-medicated groups were included for purposes of weight gain comparisons. The birds were started on the appropriate mash 24 hours before oral inoculation of the infected groups with Received for publication 13 November 1961. approximately 100,000 sporulated oocysts. On the 8th day after inoculation, the surviving birds were weighed and necropsied. The ceca were removed and cecal lesions evaluated. The pathologic index was calculated for each group from the severity of the cecal lesions and the number of deaths, as suggested by Lynch (1961). Oocyst cultures were made from the appropriate groups following the technique outlined by Gardiner and McLoughlin (1960). The cultures were allowed to stand for 5 days at room temperature to permit sporulation. At the end of this period the oocysts were washed, concentrated, and counted. The total number of oocysts per culture was divided by the number of birds used in its preparation to give an average number of oocysts recovered per surviving bird. This, in turn, was divided by the number of oocysts inoculated per bird and the resultant figure recorded as oocysts recovered per oocyst inoculated. No attempt was made to recover oocysts from the droppings of the birds. The oocysts recovered from the two basic groups were used to inoculate the respective groups of the next passage. The parent strain of E. tenella, from which the normal and resistant lines were developed, has been maintained unexposed to drugs in the Beltsville Parasitological Laboratory for many years. At the start, it was necessary to use suboptimal levels of the chemical to recover enough oocysts to inoculate the birds of the next passage. The protocol for this portion of the experiment is presented as a "flowsheet" in figure 1. Tests for cross-resistance. In the tests for cross-resistance, the chicks were divided by weight into groups of ten birds each for the first trial and into groups of 15 for the second. They were started on the appropriate mash 24 hours before inoculation with oocysts recovered from the 17th passage and maintained on the respective regimen for the 14-day postinoculation period. At the end of the experiment, the surviving birds were weighed and necropsied, and the pathologic index was calculated as before. In the initial test, mash containing the manufacturer's recommended level of one of the follow-


Example: (Ch1. of Modern Experimental Design) A math teacher has many students in their class (40), and is considering a new approach for teaching math concepts. In order to test this new technique, they are considering splitting the class to compare the old and new approaches. Suppose there are an equal number of male and female students, and the teacher has settled on performing an even split of 20 students under the old approach, and 20 under the new method. There are at least 3 ways to perform this split:


Although intermittent water stress is largely beneficial and continuous water stress largely detrimental to the reproduction and survival of Myzus persicae and Brevicoryne brassicae feeding on Brussels sprouts, there are differences between the species on different leaf ages. During intermittent water stress in the old leaves, the normal feeding stratum of M. persicae, this aphid is relatively more successful than B. brassicae. During continuous water stress in the young leaves, the normal feeding stratum of B. brassicae, this aphid is relatively more successful than M. persicae. The high suitability of old leaves for M. persicae and, to a lesser extent, their low suitability for B. brassicae, are also apparent on turgid plants, in terms of reproduction, survival and the proportion of alate progeny. For M. persicae substrates which permit greater reproduction also promote fewer alatae but this is not always so for B. brassicae. However, crowding was not controlled in these experiments.


O_1m7_5,O_1m9_5,the upper O\1m_4 member,O_1m1_2 and O_1m2_2 are the five reservoirs located below the salt of the Ordovician Majiagou formation in eastern Ordos basin.The porosity of these reservoirs is generally low,but they have a relatively high permeability.Observation from the under-salt exploration wells demonstrates that the under-salt dolomite take on an obvious phenomenon of hydrocarbon generation and accumulation.Carbonaceous asphalt fills the dissolved reservoirs,and there are excellent source-reservoir-seal association and various types of traps.Having these geologic conditions of forming under-salt gas pools,the under-salt dolomite is a new favorable gas exploration area.


Problems of controlling argon flux on steel casting technical are analyzed.The tactic of controlling argon whisking energy is introduced,and the method of controlling flux under fixed pressure is obtained.Fuzzy control theory and Pulse Code Modulation are adopted to control accurately the argon flux to molten steel.The intelligent control system has been put into operation in several steel plants.


AIM
To find out the dose dependence of the anti-Toxoplasma effect induced by IFN-gamma and to determine the possible synergistic activity between TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma.

METHODS
The in vitro effect of cultivated mouse peritoneal macrophages activated by IFN-gamma alone or IFN-gamma combined with different doses of TNF-alpha on the intracellular tachyzoites of RH strains and the nitric oxide (NO) level in the culture medium supernatant were simultaneously determined.

RESULTS
With the increase in the dose of IFN-gamma, the anti-Toxoplasma effect was augmented and the NO level was enhanced. At 24 hours after tachyzoite invasion, a significant reversed correlation was demonstrated between the NO level and the number of intracellular parasites.

CONCLUSION
The anti-Toxoplasma effect of macrophages activated by IFN-gamma appears to be dose-dependent and TNF-alpha acts synergitically with IFN-gamma in the activation of macrophages. The production of reactive NO could be an important effector in the IFN-gamma primed anti-Toxoplasma action.


The BMJ recently published an editorial suggesting that 'English schools are neglecting pupil's health because of focus on academic attainment'.


The article contains sections titled:

1. Ecology and Environment
1.1. Humans and Environment
1.2. Scope of Ecology and Ecotoxicology
2. Principles of Ecology and Environmental Chemistry
2.1. Structure and Dynamics of Terrestrial Ecological Systems
2.1.1. Structure of Communities and Ecosystems
126.96.36.199. Description of Community Structure
18.104.22.168. Successions
188.8.131.52. Patch Dynamics
2.1.2. Water Balance of Ecosystems
22.214.171.124. Precipitation and Interception
188.8.131.52. Infiltration and Surface Runoff
184.108.40.206. Deep Drainage
220.127.116.11. Soil Water
2.1.3. Energy Balance of Ecosystems
220.127.116.11. Net Radiation
188.8.131.52. Soil Heat Flow
18.104.22.168. Sensible Heat Flow in the Lower Atmosphere
184.108.40.206. Latent Heat Flux
22.214.171.124. Efficiency of Photosynthesis
2.1.4. Nutrient Cycles and Productivity of Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems
22.214.171.124. Nutrients
220.127.116.11. Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems
188.8.131.52. Productivity of Ecosystems
2.2. Terrestrial, Lotic, Lentic, and Wetland Ecotones
2.2.1. Terrestrial and Lotic Ecotones
2.2.2. Lentic and Wetland Ecotones
2.3. Sensitivity of Ecosystems and Ecotones
2.3.1. Different Notions of Community Stability
2.3.2. Biodiversity and Stability of Model Communities
2.3.3. Stability-Oriented Biodiversity Analyses of Real Communities
2.3.4. Nondemographic Measures of Stability
2.3.5. Sensitivity of Aquatic Ecosystems
22.214.171.124. Reactions of Aquatic Ecosystems to Stress
220.127.116.11. Sensitivity to Different Stressors
184.108.40.206. Sensitivity to "Global Change"
2.3.6. Sensitivity of Ecotones
2.3.7. Stability and Resilience of Ecosystems in Evolution
2.3.8. Appraisal
2.4. Exposure and Effect Criteria of Chemicals
2.4.1. Equilibrium Constants for Chemical Distribution
2.4.2. Kinetic Constants for Environmental Processes
18.104.22.168. Hydrolysis
22.214.171.124. Photolysis
184.108.40.206. Oxidation and Reduction
126.96.36.199. Sorption and Ion Exchange
126.96.36.199. Biotransformation
220.127.116.11. Chemical Structure and Biodegradation
126.96.36.199. Bioconcentration, Bioaccumulation, and Ecological Magnification
3. Ecotoxicology
3.1. Exposure Assessment
3.1.1. Release Estimation
3.1.2. Elimination
3.1.3. Dispersion
3.1.4. Local and Regional Concentration Estimates
18.104.22.168. PEC Estimates in the Air Compartment
220.127.116.11. PEC Estimates in Soil and Subsoil
126.96.36.199. Variogram Analysis
22.214.171.124. Modeling Chemical Distribution in Soil and Subsoil
18.104.22.168. PEC Estimates in Aquatic Compartments
3.2. Effects Assessment
3.2.1. Test Systems for Aquatic Ecosystems
184.108.40.206. Level 0
126.96.36.199. Level 1
184.108.40.206. Level 2
126.96.36.199. PNEC Values and Assessment Factors
3.2.2. Testing Strategies for Terrestrial Ecosystems
220.127.116.11. PNEC Estimates for Soil and Subsoil
126.96.36.199. Complex Assessment and Modeling of Vegetation Damage
22.214.171.124. Statistical Analysis of Forest Dieback
3.2.3. Impact of Xenobiotics on Aquatic Ecosystems
126.96.36.199. Approaches and Methods of Studying the Impact of Xenobiotics on Aquatic Life
126.96.36.199. Behavior of Xenobiotics in the Aquatic Environment and their Influence on Aquatic Organisms and Indirectly on Humans
184.108.40.206. Impact of Xenobiotics on Pelagic and Benthic Biocenoses
220.127.116.11. Ecological Risk Assessment of Xenobiotics
3.2.4. Testing Approaches to Atmospheric Effects
3.2.5. Appraisal
3.3. State of the Art of Modeling in Ecotoxicology
3.3.1. Characteristics of Ecotoxicological Models
3.3.2. Classification of Ecotoxicological Models
3.3.3. An Overview: Application of Models in Ecotoxicology
3.3.4. Ecotoxicological Processes
3.3.5. Parameter Estimation
3.3.6. Fugacity Models
4. Appendix
5. Acknowledgement


PURPOSE
This study aimed to construct and test a hypothetical model to explain the predictive factors and causal pathways for exercise levels in patients with ankylosing spondylitis based on the self-determination theory. A conceptual framework was constructed assuming that autonomy support by health care providers would satisfy the three basic psychological needs of patients, which would increase their autonomous motivation for exercise, resulting in its initiation and continuation.

METHODS
This cross-sectional study included 221 patients with ankylosing spondylitis who were visiting rheumatology clinics in two tertiary hospitals. Health Care Climate Questionnaire-exercise regularly, Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction scale, Behavior Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2, and exercise level were used to collect data.

RESULTS
The fitness of the hypothetical model met the recommended level (χ²/df ≤ 3, SRMR ≤ .08, RMSEA ≤ .08, GFI ≥ .90, AGFI ≥ .85, NFI ≥ .90, TLI ≥ .90, CFI ≥ .90). The model effect analysis revealed that autonomy support by health care providers had a positive effect on patients' autonomy, competence, relatedness, autonomous motivation, and exercise level. Competence and relatedness had positive effects on autonomous motivation and exercise level, respectively. Autonomous motivation had a positive effect on exercise level.

CONCLUSION
The predictive factors of exercise level in patients with ankylosing spondylitis were autonomous motivation, health care providers' autonomy support, competence, and relatedness. Considering these factors, we recommend the development of an effective program for improving exercise levels in these patients.


Control of low-frequency sound is a challenge, despite numerous advances in the field. Recently emerged acoustic metamaterials have already proven their efficiency for the development of innovative systems for sound control and demonstration of such fascinating phenomena as super-resolution imaging, transformation acoustics, acoustic cloaking, etc. For sound attenuation, a common attenuation mechanism relies on dispersion induced by local resonances that results in the generation of slow sound inside a metastructure at resonant frequencies. However, the selective bandwidth of metamaterials with identical resonators restricts their practical applications. To overcome this limitation, one can introduce rainbow-type resonators that leads to the increase of structural sizes and raises manufacturing costs. We present fractal and bio-inspired labyrinthine acoustic metamaterials with non-resonant elements for low-frequency sound control. Designed configurations contain sets of narrow channels extending wave propagation paths that leads to reduction of effective sound speed within a structure. We show that by folding these channels into fractal space-filling curves or bio-inspired geometries, one can induce strong artificial Mie-type resonances that allow the achievement of total broadband sound reflection at deep subwavelength scales. This unique phenomenon can be used to develop small-size metastructures with total reflectance of low-frequency sound for versatile applications.Control of low-frequency sound is a challenge, despite numerous advances in the field. Recently emerged acoustic metamaterials have already proven their efficiency for the development of innovative systems for sound control and demonstration of such fascinating phenomena as super-resolution imaging, transformation acoustics, acoustic cloaking, etc. For sound attenuation, a common attenuation mechanism relies on dispersion induced by local resonances that results in the generation of slow sound inside a metastructure at resonant frequencies. However, the selective bandwidth of metamaterials with identical resonators restricts their practical applications. To overcome this limitation, one can introduce rainbow-type resonators that leads to the increase of structural sizes and raises manufacturing costs. We present fractal and bio-inspired labyrinthine acoustic metamaterials with non-resonant elements for low-frequency sound control. Designed configurations contain sets of narrow channels extending wave prop...


This dataset includes simulated effective refractive index and dispersion data for two examples of Lithium Niobate nanowaveguides and XFROG spectrogram data from simulated propagation of different nonlinear pulses in those two example waveguides.
The refractive index data was collected by simulating the waveguides in COMSOL multiphysics (5.3a), a commercial eigenmode solver. The dispersion data was produced by processing the refractive index data (as described in the associated publication). The XFROG spectrogram data was produced by simulating the propagation of pulses in the two waveguides using the well known Split-step Fourier method. The method by which the XFROG spectrograms is briefly explained in the associated publication.

The associated publication is open access.


It has been previously (1-4) that the angular behavior of the differential cross section for exciting molecular electronic states by low-energy electron impact is a useful tool in distinguishing transitions which are optically spin forbidden from those which are spin allowed. We have used this method to investigate water vapor and have detected and identified at least two singlet→triplet transitions. One is a broad feature having a maximum intensity at about 4.5 eV excitation energy and the other has a sharp minimum at 9.81 eV. The first one had been detected previously (5-10) and the triplet state character of the upper state involved has been implied (5). The second one had not previously been detected. We show that the differential cross section for both of these excitation processes have an angular dependence characteristic of singlet→triplet transitions.


Rorty on Politics, Culture, and Philosophy: A Defence of his Romanticism Rorty's historicist romanticism is a peculiar and oft criticized feature of his neopragmatism. I attempt to show that it should be regarded not so much as a more or less exceptionable philosophical approach, but rather, as a practice in 'cultural politics'—which is his ultimate definition for philosophy—prompted by his acute political concerns and his views on the nature of moral progress.


SUMMARY This study aimed to provide empirical evidence to support previous research that participation in tobacco purchase attempt (TPA) procedures does not negatively impact minors' desire to initiate smoking habits or their willingness to discuss the dangers of smoking with peers and adults. Twenty-eight minors, who participated in TPAs, were compared to a group of eleven minors regarding whether or not they were smokers, whether or not they tried to get peers or adults to quit smoking, whether or not they tried to discuss with peers and adults about the dangers of smoking, and their perceptions of how easily it is to obtain tobacco products. Results demonstrated none of the minors in the TPA group initiated smoking, and there were not significant differences on most indicators regarding the frequency in which minors discussed the dangers of smoking with peers and adults. Minors in both groups perceived that they could easily obtain tobacco products. The findings suggest that participation in TPAs does not adversely affect minors' intentions to smoke or their desire to initiate discussions about the dangers of smoking with peers and adults.


A microwave discharge chamber is proposed as a detector of ionizing particles and its advantages over the conventional d-c chamber are pointed out: less distortion of tracks, short sensitivity time, and facility of construction. (D.L.C.)


We proposed a system to cultivate rice for animal feed with circulated irrigation of treated municipal wastewater, aiming at resource circulation among agriculture, livestock farming and urban area. The feasibility of the proposed system was evaluated through the experiment using the simulated paddy field. As the result, the system achieved removal of more than 3 times larger amount of nitrogen from treated wastewater than the similar system cultivating rice for food, which we previously proposed. About 40 % of the removed nitrogen was absorbed by rice plants and this was common to the system without circulated irrigation. On the other hand, circulated irrigation clearly increased the amount of nitrogen released to the atmosphere. Although the yield and quality of cultivated rice were not significantly improved by circulated irrigation, the result of this experiment demonstrated the potential to improve them by adding more treated wastewater in the latter half of cultivation period for earing and bearing.


The problem of exciton interaction in semiconductors is considered in its multi-electron formulation. Expressions are obtained, in the approximation linear in the concentration, for the ground-state energy and for the law of dispersion of elementary excitations. Conditions for the Bose condensation of excitons are investigated and it is shown that low-density system of excitons behaves like a weakly nonideal Bose-gas. Furthermore, all quantities (the chemical potential, the rate of collective excitations) that depend on the two-particle scattering amplitude in the nonideal Bose-gas case are expressed in our analysis by the same formulas through the four-fermion interaction amplitude (two electrons and two holes) which includes, apart from the two-exciton scattering amplitude, the scattering amplitudes of two and three fermions as well as the terms connected with the Pauli statistics for the electrons and holes, and resulting from the fact that excitons are compound particles. These terms yield an essential positive contribution to the exciton scattering amplitude and may in principle ensure the stability of the ground Bose-condensed state even if there is a weak attraction between the excitons.


Objective To explore therapeutic method and effect of the complex fracture of tibia and fibula.Methods Reviewed and discussed the efficacy of 7 cases with the complex fracture of tibia and fibula by using mosaic external fixator to reseted and fixed.Results Fracture of 7 cases had been synosteosis completely,the situation and line of force of 3 cases is satisfying,mobile of knee and ankle is normal without the malformation of contraction;4 cases of fracture had the slight fore-opistho angulus malformation with the contraction of 2 cm.Conclusion Using mosaic external fixator to treat the complex fracture of tibia and fibula is a effective method and had the obvious superiority.


Our country has made great achievements under the guidance of the scientific view of development.Meanwhile,there have appeared many problems which keep our economy and society from continuous development.For that reason,we should through the construction of a learning-oriented party establish the scientific conceptions,perfect the learning mechanism,strengthen the construction of working style,improve the learning efficiency,and hence improve the art of leadership and reigning ability of our party.Furthermore,we should solve the problems in the scientific view of development and drive the deeper implementation of the view.


In Florida, onsite sewage treatment and disposal systems (OSTDS) designed to remove nutrients (nitrogen and/or phosphorus) generally belong to the permitting category of Performance-based Treatment Systems (PBTS), which was established in 1998. For such systems, Florida's regulations require that a permit application include a design by a professional engineer, a biennial operating permit, and a system maintenance contract. Statutory requirements for performance levels for nutrient removal systems were established based on the results of a study conducted in the Florida Keys in the late 1990s. The Keys study evaluated several technologies installed in parallel and operated under controlled conditions at a test facility. The study concluded that performance levels of 10 mg/L of total nitrogen (TN) and 1 mg/L of total phosphorus (TP) were achievable, and thus these limits were incorporated into the statutory requirements for onsite sewage system in the Florida Keys. Design practices were heavily influenced by this study, with engineers relying on or extrapolating from limited test data. The result was a de-facto, deemed-tocomply approach in the Florida Keys that relied on an effluent-concentration based design approach. Monitoring focused on ensuring that systems were maintained and operating properly. With increasing interest in nutrient reduction in other areas of the state came increasing interest in the performance and evaluation of alternative technologies. Over the last ten years, several monitoring studies in Florida have provided additional information on the field performance of septic systems, aerobic treatment units, and nutrient removal systems. These studies illustrated the limitations of the effluent-concentration based design approach. For TN, influent concentrations and operational variability were higher than assumed in the applied designs. For TP, the main problem appeared to be the actual adsorption life span of treatment media designs was not assessed. This presentation will review some experiences with nutrient removing onsite sewage systems in Florida. INTRODUCTION Reducing nutrient contributions of nitrogen and/or phosphorus from OSTDSs is of importance in watersheds where surface waters exhibit elevated nutrient levels and the density of onsite systems is high. Reducing nutrient contributions from OSTDSs may consider design, certifications, training, operation, and surveillance. Florida permits explicit nutrient reducing systems as PBTSs. Regulations require that the application include a pre-installation design by an engineer and a postinstallation operating permit and a maintenance contract agreement. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of experiences in Florida with the design of nutrient reducing systems. Reviewing previous studies and their application to design, I will discuss the permitting category, design goals and assumptions, practices, and review results of assessments of the performance of such systems. 1 Professional Engineer III, Florida Department of Health, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection


This paper reviews the current trend towards demand management and the role that technology can play in the shaping of transport policies. Electronic equipment being used in various European countries for road tolls is briefly outlined. The opportunities offered by the UK's National Motorway Communications Network are discussed and projects currently underway or plannned are described including a) enhanced signalling, b) alternative route advice, c) variable speed control, d) electronic motorway tolling and e) travel and traffic information. The use of video cameras for automatic number plate reading is considered. A trial on the M20 motorway is described which involved the use of machine vision and variable message signs. A list of applications for machine vision is provided. For the covering abstract see IRRD 869153.


Based on the research on system construction of collaborative innovation,we conclude that medical security determined by the social attribute' basic orientation,and analyzed dynamic coordination public policy and medical security system of the practice orientation. By integrated construction of public policy and medical security system,and balanced efficiency and fairness,social fair justice be realized.


Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows:
THE CONTRA COSTA COUNTY Drainage Project resulted from a request made of the Agricultural Extension Service at a county planning meeting held in 1964. The project involved the cooperation of the Extension Service, East Contra Costa Irrigation District, U. S. Soil Conservation Service, and USDA's Agricultural Stabilization Committee. The main objectives were: (1) to test spacing intervals for tile lines under soil conditions in the Brentwood and Byron areas of Contra Costa County as a basis for planning drainage projects for the two areas; (2)   to test various tile materials with both gravel and glass fiber envelopes; and (3)   to correct a serious drainage situation in a walnut orchard in Brentwood.


A new hasubanane-type alkaloid,8-demethoxyrunanine,was isolated from Sino-menium acutum and characterized by melting point,HREIMS,1H NMR,and X-ray diffraction analysis.X-ray diffraction reveals that the title compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic system,space group P212121 with a=7.308(1),b=21.742(5),c=22.893(4),V=3637.5(11)3,Z=8,Dx=1.254 g/cm3,F(000)=1472,μ(MoKα)=0.087 mm-1,the final R=0.0438 and wR=0.0575 for 4497 independent reflections with Rint=0.0192 and 2091 observed reflections with I 2σ(I).Four rings(ring A:one benzene ring,ring B:one hexagon carbon ring in a half-chair conformation,ring C:one hexagon carbon ring with α,β-unsaturated ketone segment(-CR2=CR1-C=O) in a screw-boat conformation,and ring D:one nonplanar tetrahydropyrrole) form a hasubanane-type alkaloid.


General Electric Company (GE) has used gadolinia as a burnable poison in boiling water reactors (BWRs) since its commercial introduction in 1971. With the introduction of GE's GE8B reload product line, axial gadolinia zoning has been utilized to provide multiple design benefits. The first full reload batch of GE8B fuel began operation in early 1987. As of mid-1988, GE8B reloads have been operated in ten BWRs. These reloads have spanned the range of GE plants from BWR/3 through BWR/6. Of these ten applications, five have been designed for increased burnup, four for longer cycles (up to 2 yr), and three for power uprates of {approx}4%. Some plants were able to obtain multiple benefits, such as increased cycle energy and power uprate, or higher burnup and increased energy. Fourteen different GE8B bundle designs were used for these applications, since many applications utilize two-stream loading for additional flexibility. The PSZ was used in 50% of these bundles, the SDZ was used in 64%, both were used in 43%, and neither in 29%. These statistics indicate the broad range of applications provided by the axial gadolinia zoning options available with GE8B. The flexibility to design with any combination of these options, as dictatedmore » by the particular application, has helped to make custom bundle design a reality.« less


What are the aesthetics of platform games and what makes a platform level engaging, challenging, and/or frustrating? We attempt to answer such questions through mining a large set of crowdsourced gameplay data of a clone of the classic platform game Super Mario Bros (SMB). The data consist of 40 short game levels that differ along six key level design parameters. Collectively, these levels are played 1560 times over the Internet, and the perceived experience is annotated by experiment participants via self-reported ranking (pairwise preferences). Given the wealth of this crowdsourced data, as all details about players' in-game behavior are logged, the problem becomes one of extracting meaningful numerical features at the appropriate level of abstraction for the construction of generic computational models of player experience and, thereby, game aesthetics. We explore dissimilar types of features, including direct measurements of event and item frequencies, and features constructed through frequent sequence mining, and go through an in-depth analysis of the interrelationship between level content, players' behavioral patterns, and reported experience. Furthermore, the fusion of the extracted features allows us to predict reported player experience with a high accuracy, even from short game segments. In addition to advancing our insight on the factors that contribute to platform game aesthetics, the results are useful for the personalization of game experience via automatic game adaptation.


This paper describes the design principle of cable bolting . Applying the cable bolting technique ,the stability of roof can be controlled at Yanzhuan Mime, Huaibei Mining Group. The result shows the technical, economical, and social benefits of the technique.


The continuation of a study to ascertain the nature, extent, and the rate of chemical changes that take place in certain selected elastomers is reported. Under discussion is Viton B, regarded as a temperature and fuel resistant fluorocarbon rubber. The kinetic analysis of the chemical stress relaxation, and infrared and gel permeation chromatography analysis results are discussed.


We report on studies of the n‐type doping dependence of the Raman response of double‐wall carbon nanotubes (DWCNT). The G‐line is found to be shifting upon doping. The direction of the shift depends on if the exciting laser light is in resonance with mainly inner or outer tubes. The RBM response upon doping shows that a charge transfer from the dopant happens predominantly to the outer tubes at low doping. Charge transfer to the inner tubes occurs at higher doping levels. Charge transfer to the inner component is also shown to be starting earlier to the inner tube in DWCNT than to C60 in peapods.


Recent rank-based attacks have reduced the security of Rainbow below the security requirements set out by NIST by speeding up repeated kernel finding operations using classical mathematics techniques. If quantum algorithms are applied to perform these repeated operations, the rank-based attacks may be more threatening and could dramatically lower the security level of Rainbow. In this paper, we propose a novel MinRank attack called Q-rMinRank attack, the first quantum approach to the key recovery attacks on Rainbow. By designing quantum circuits that can find the kernel, we achieved quadratic speedup for the MinRank attack to recover the private keys of Rainbow. We show that even the parameter set V of Rainbow does not meet the 128-bit security level, the minimum security requirement through our Q-rMinRank attack. It means that Rainbow is no longer secure in quantum computing environments.


The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of a computerized physician order entry (CPOE) system on medication error. The study took place in a 343-bed hospital in the pediatrics inpatient unit. During baseline, participants placed medication orders in the same manner that they always had, handwriting them on a specific form and handing the form to the unit clerk who then faxed the order to the pharmacy. In the CPOE phase, participants used the computerized system to place orders, which were electronically sent to the pharmacy. The primary dependent variable was errors made during physician medication ordering, as recorded by pharmacy residents using a detailed check sheet. Several secondary dependent variables were also measured and reported. The CPOE system appeared to have some effect on the quality of patient care. The implementation of the system was associated with decreased variability and more order sets being completed 100% correctly. The order processing time was drastically reduced with the use of the CPOE system. The increase in orders completed 100% accurately, and the decrease in the length of time it takes for an order to reach the pharmacy could both make a significant impact on the quality of patient care. Purpose. You are invited to participate in a research study that will evaluate the impact that Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) has on medical errors. The intent of this study is to determine how the use of such a system impacts the quality of healthcare provided.


The text takes Hong Kong Stonecutters Bridge as a project example,to describe the main factors which affect weld center impact toughness.On the base of many tests analyze demonstrate microlite high strength steel which weld shape、fusion ratio and shield gas、weld run distribution difference during welding,so that weld center impact value change.Bring that choose logical welding parameter and weld run distribution,validly control weld shape fusion ratio to improve weld center impact value.


A discussion of the significant types of material and structural disorders related to long-term damage observed in Gothic structures is presented together with some considerations on possible investigations addressed to better characterise the phenomena involved. Such investigations should integrate numerical modelling, laboratory experiments and monitoring consistently. In particular, the possibility of monitoring deformations and structural lesions, during significant periods, is regarded as the more promising approach for improving knowledge and assessment of long-term damage and its influence on the overall stability of the building.


In the last several years, queer and trans people have grown in prominence in our public discussions of policy, education, health care, and other spaces of social life. Politicians, health care practitioners, and average citizens are increasingly aware of our existence and the particular challenges we present, albeit this awareness is often not well-intentioned or informed. Indeed, according to the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey (National Center for Transgender Equality 2016), trans people, in particular, specifically avoid accessing needed health care due to either fearing negative interactions with health care providers (23 percent) or being unable to afford health care (33 percent), and those who do manage to access health care services report negative interactions, from harassment to being refused service.1 It is not difficult to find the stories of the negative interactions; for example, transgender activist Leslie Feinberg's (1999) Trans Liberation: Beyond Pink or Blue (1–3) begins with a harrowing recounting of being turned away from a hospital for being trans while suffering from endocarditis. Feinberg would later die due to complications from a variety of tick-borne infections (Advocate.Com Editors, 2014). Work done in bioethics has not kept up with the growing presence of queer and trans people in public life and especially in health care. Work done in the relatively established field of queer studies and the burgeoning field of trans studies rarely finds its way into the discussions of bioethicists; if such work is included, it is rarely treated as central to the argument of that particular article. This has the effect of producing a lacuna in which queer and trans people, and especially queer and trans people of color, exist as we navigate myriad systems of health and health care. This is particularly surprising given that, with the exception of disability, no other categories of identity have been so heavily pathologized, medicalized, and stigmatized in the histories of health care in the Western world. The invisibility of queer and trans people in our discussions of bioethics and health care more generally, or the partial admission of such voices and experiences to such discussions, is something about which feminist bioethicists ought to be concerned. Zena Sharman's The Remedy: Queer and Trans Voices on Health and Health Care is an important collection of personal essays, critical reflections,


Data retrieved from the Cambridge Structural Database for crystal structures containing metal complexes have been analyzed to evaluate the effects of crystal environment on molecular geometry. Para...


With the digital revolution, travelers can compare prices and get information about the experience of other guests, which can influence online hotel booking. In addition to hotel customers can readily find most of the information they need online price, location, star rating, comfort, cleanliness, security, service quality and reputation to compare hotel properties and choose the most appropriate. Online reviews and ratings have an important role in the decision-making process, reducing uncertainty. Interaction is a seriousness feature of marketing communication; hotel website interactivity is indispensable to engage customer attention towards online buying or online booking. The research objective was to shed light on the factors affecting customer decision on online hotel booking. The study has some of limitations: The data was collected through questionnaire with a sample of Luxor hotels the period of January 2020 till March 2020. The received questionnaires were 860, but the correct samples to be statistically analyzed were 720 with a percentage of 83.7 %. This tool was used to investigate the factors affecting customer decision on online hotel booking. Results showed that there are many factors such as (Previous guests' experience, location, price and loyalty program) positively influences on online hotel booking. Moreover, online hotel booking positively influences on hotel booking.


t A mixture parametric model is used to analyze the changing pattern of Taiwanese mortality from 1926 to 1991. Three different age ranges are modeled as mixtures of extreme value distributions, namely the Weibull, inverse Weibull, and Gompertz distributions. The results show a significant improvement of mortality over the years.


This chapter considers the right to avoid procreation and the regulation of pregnancy from an American perspective. In the United States, the right to avoid procreation finds protection in constitutional and statutory law. The Supreme Court's decisions to recognize contraception and abortion as constitutional rights have permitted generations of women a measure of reproductive freedom. However, the constitutionalization of contraception, and abortion in particular, has brought to the fore deeper contestation about the moral (and legal) status of the fetus, women's place in society, and the meaning of motherhood. These same issues play out in decisions about the protection and regulation of women during their pregnancies. Within the framework of Supreme Court precedent, the fifty states have adopted varying approaches to the right to abortion. The trend, however, has inclined toward greater restrictions in a growing number of states. At the same time, the current Court seems likely to dilute or reject the right to abortion, with consequences for contraception, protections for pregnant women at work, and criminal intervention during pregnancy.


Two of California's major utilities, Pacific Gas and Electric Company and Southern California Gas Co., are accused of creating a monopoly condition that represses prices for all the state's gas wells because they have contracted to buy 90% of the state's gas from the interstate and Canadian market. Gas producers in the Sacramento Valley claim the monopoly is shutting in their wells by buying the more-expensive interstate and Canadian gas. A spokesman for the state Public Utility Commission argues that neither production nor exploration are suffering, while a PG and E specialist confirms the utility's view that state gas is considered to be storage gas. Producers worry that no new wells will be drilled and that existing wells will be damaged unless California gas is purchased first.


With the "IMPLEMENTATION OF ACCOUNTING SERVICES IN THE" CLINICAL LABORATORY "HEFNER DANIEL ASTUDILLO CABRERA, located in the city of Loja, January-August 2014", allowed to demonstrate the urgent need for Clinical Laboratory, adopt respective accounting processes In order to know the real shape economic outcomes that develop within an accounting period; and improve their management in terms of making the right.

Along with the application of accounting accounting services, compliance is given to the same objectives that starts with the collection and organization of source documentation to start the Account Plan and Manual, Home Inventory, State Initial situation, Daybook, Ledger, Trial Balance, Worksheet, Financial Statements; on which the respective conclusions and recommendations are developed.

At the end of this research and based on the results obtained CLINNICO LAB managers, have a very important tool, because the financial statements; after application of accounting obtained allows daily information prosecute; on which you can perform an appropriate work planning, controlling income and expenditure thus increase the profitability of daily activities, where the year-end it evidenced an increase in profits


Described and depicted are pelvic sling implant and delivery systems. The sling implants can be used in treating stress incontinence and other pelvic floor disorders. The sling systems can include a mesh extension or support portion and one or more tip anchors. A delivery tool can include a handle (61), a needle (62) and a sheath (70), with the sheath having an elongate shaft portion slidable along at least a portion of the needle. The sheath can further include a distal hood portion having opposed flared portions (78) defining interior pleat channels adapted to selectively seat tine ends of the anchors.


The substation intelligent inspection system utilizes inspection terminals including cameras and robots to complete repetitive work such as daily inspections, infrared temperature measurement, meter reading recognition, etc. Previous work mostly focuses on object detection technology to improve precision and recall of visual defect detection for substation equipment. Meanwhile, parameters of inspection terminals including zero position, rotation angle and magnification are obtained manually by on-site configuration staff. Generally, one substation equipment corresponds to a set of parameters of one terminal. Thus, it fails to make full use of the image information of equipment from different terminals and different angle. To solve the above-mentioned problems, this paper proposes a visual field collaboration of inspection terminal method based on 3D point cloud data of substation. It aims to realize the autonomous collaboration of inspection terminals to obtain multi-angle image information of substation equipment. The efficacy of the proposed method is verified through experimental results of substation.


THE EFFECTS OF CULTURAL AND SOCIAL CAPITAL ON COLLEGE CHOICE: AN EXAMINATION OF THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN LATINO STUDENTS AND THEIR RACIAL/ETHNIC PEERS Latino college students are the fastest growing minority segment in the United States. College choice has been the focus of many research studies; however the Latino student is different. They are different with respect to their college going behaviors and ultimately baccalaureate degree attainment. They enroll at two year institutions at higher rates and they also have lower rates of baccalaureate degree attainment as compared to their Asians, African American and White counterparts. In order to inform policy in a changing environment, the research community must examine the Latino student and determine which behaviors are associated with attendance at a four year institution. This study used Perna's (2000) framework in conjunction with data from Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002 in order to identify factors associated with college choice for Latino students. The inclusion of cultural and social capital variables as proxies for college choice sheds light on the importance of these two forms of capital for Latino students. Students from higher income levels; that expected to earn beyond a bachelor's degree; with mothers that expected the student to earn a bachelor's degree; had taken an SAT/ACT prep course, and had parents that earned a bachelor's degree had increased odds of attending a four year institution upon graduation from high school. Additionally, students receiving information from college representatives, had conversations with their parents regarding school activities and things studied in class increased their odds of attending a four