The low level of MSME taxpayer compliance is one of the causes of not optimal tax revenue in Indonesia. The total MSME actors reached 64.2 million while the number of MSME actors registered as taxpayers was only 2.31 million or 3.6% of MSMEs registered as taxpayers was only 15%, which means that the level of MSME taxpayer compliance is still low. So in order to increase taxpayer compliance, one of the efforts made by the Government together with the DPR was the issuance of the Law on the Harmonization of Tax Regulations (UU HPP) no.7 years 2021. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of MSME taxpayers' perceptions of the HPP law and to determine the effect of tax socialization on taxpayer compliance. This research data is primary data by providing questionnaires directly and online using the Google form to MSMEs in North Sumatra. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method. And the hypothesis test used is multiple regression analysis. The results show that the perceptions of MSME taxpayer on the HPP Law have a positive and significant effect on MSME Taxpayer compliance. MSME taxpayers who have a positive perception of the HPP Law accept the decision so that MSME taxpayer compliance is also positive. Meanwhile, tax socialization has no effect on MSME taxpayer  compliance. This is because MSME taxpayers follow the tax socialization invitation from Direktorat Jendaral pajak (DJP), and most of the research samples are DJP assisted MSMEs, so the socialization is only a formality, the material obtained is only listened to and MSME taxpayers are more enthusiastic about participating in training related to development his skills.It is hoped that this research can be used as a source of information for MSME taxpayers in making decisions on taxpayer perceptions of the HPP Law which will affect the level of taxpayer compliance and the development of taxation theory.


Membrane associated RING-CH-1 (MARCH1) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase expressed mostly by antigen presenting cells (APCs) of the hematopoietic lineage. MARCH1 ubiquitinates surface MHCII and CD86 targeting these molecules for lysosomal degradation. MARCH1-mediated MHCII ubiquitination is crucial for thymic regulatory T cell generation. Whether MARCH1 plays a role in airway allergic inflammation remains unknown. We interrogated the function of MARCH1 in a well-established house dust mite (HDM) driven allergic inflammation mouse model of asthma. Despite displaying higher levels of MHCII and CD86 in APCs, MARCH1-deficient mice were incapable of developing allergic airway inflammation comprising of lung eosinophil accumulation, Th2 cell production of IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines, serum IgE responses, airway hyper-reactivity and mucus production. MARCH1-deficient mice failed to elicit IL-4 production from naïve CD4+ T cells in the lung draining lymph node during HDM sensitization. In addition, MARCH1-deficient mice did not effectively expand effector Th2 cells in the lungs after HDM challenge. Importantly, ablation of MARCH1 expression protected HDM sensitized mice from developing airway inflammation and hyper-production of IgE following re-exposure to HDM. These findings indicate that MARCH1 plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of allergic airway inflammation, raising the possibility that modulating MARCH1 function might be therapeutically beneficial in asthma treatment.


We investigate the effects of a tick-size reduction on market quality in a multiperiod limit order book market. For illiquid stocks, reducing the tick size facilitates undercutting and discourages liquidity provision, resulting in deteriorating market quality but higher volume. For liquid stocks, reducing the tick size curtails queues, resulting in lower depth and volume but narrower spread. With a competing crossing network, a tick-size reduction results in worse market quality for all stocks due to migration of order flows. We empirically test our model predictions and find support for recent tick-size reductions in Japan and the United States. This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance.


The invention discloses a linear electric object lens switching device, comprising a fixing plate, a linear magnetic axis motor, a grating ruler, a switching plate, an object installing plate and non-standard object lenses. According to the linear electric object lens switching device provided by the invention, the linear magnetic axis motor drives piezoelectric objects lens to be switched in the linear direction and the grating ruler is used for positioning. The linear electric object lens switching device is advantaged in that the response speed for switching is high; the positioning precision is high; the device provided by the invention can be used for rapid switching of object lens modules with non-standard structures and large sizes and is particularly suitable for switching piezoelectric object lenses.


The generation of a kilovolt square pulse by a dual of the Blumlein line with a fast photoconductive semiconductor opening switch is demonstrated. A simple method of pulsed current charging by a charged capacitor is employed, and the resultant staircase-like charging current waveform is observed. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical expectations.<<ETX>>


This research brings a complex view from the perspective of Agroecology, Political Ecology and Ecofeminism on the peasant women's social and environmental relations with water. In the Brazilian Semiarid Region the water issues are engendered among the social-environmental conflicts and becomes even more critical in the context of rural poverty. This doesn't happen just by the region's natural characteristics, but through social and political processes bases the development model as the historical concentration of land and water in a few hands, the hegemonic way of use and occupation of the territory, and the implementation of Fight Against Drought policies. Within a patriarchal hegemonic system the rural women face this hostile context on specific and different way. Our objective was to analyze the contributions of peasant women to water management in the territory of the Pajeu in Pernambuco. Therefore, it was necessary to analyze their water management practices in the productive work carried out in agroecosystems and also in the reproductive and care work; identify the political spaces of water management in which they have participated in the territory; and investigate their perceptions of the social dynamics of water management. Towards the participative research approach our instruments were semi-structured interviews, participative observation in the Caravan in Defense of Pajeu River, exploratory walk into the agroecosystems, participative maps of the rural property with the focus on water flows. We observed that the peasant women, from the imposed social conditions and another rationality, have developed holistic and complex knowledge and practices with water. These are closely related to their experiences as women in the cycles of droughts and social organization process as well as the ecological ways of cultivation of their agroecosystems that involve the conservation of the water and Caatinga. Beyond the oppressions experienced by the women, they have been strengthened as political subjects from the self-organization on groups, associations, networks and on the Rural Women Workers of the Northeast Movement (MMTR), in a legitimate feminist, ecological and popular construction. This political practice also transform the water management held by them since it intensifies the farmer to farmer exchanges, the knowledge dialogue, and also strengthens their struggle for social-environmental justice. Peasant women have built new water management processes as part of the social mobilization for rural development, carried out by various subjects in the political field of Agroecology, Feminism and Semiarid Region Coexistence, organized on the Articulation of the Brazilian Semiarid. However, even converging to a common political project there are many power disputes that must be waged by women on this construction process of water management and of rural development proposals. Make visible and learn from the peasant women experiences is critical to building a semiarid region coexistence model emancipatory for women and with transformational potential of society.


Background: The complexity of motor and nonmotor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) requires multidisciplinary health actions. Objective: To describe the role of nurses as members of multidisciplinary teams tasked with treatment of motor and nonmotor symptoms and provide nursing protocols for the care of patients with Parkinson's disease. Methods: Analysis of the main diagnoses, outcomes, and ICNP ® interventions identified by cross‐mapping empirical evidence described in 2123 nursing documents and data from medical records of patients with Parkinson's disease in the specialized rehabilita‐ tion program at the Sarah Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals in Brazil. The protocols were based on scientific evidence and international recommendations. Results: Clinical nursing protocols were developed based on a standardized nursing language of diagnoses, outcomes, and interventions focused on motor and nonmotor symptoms and principles of rehabilitation. Conclusion: These protocols are expected to guide the clinical reasoning of nurses for comprehensive care of patients with Parkinson's disease and their families.


Based on the physics of normal operation of power systems, in the article it is proposed new scientific and methodical approach to determining reactive power transmission systems to the power industry and customers equated to them, which is based on understanding the mains voltage as a potential form of electricity. That is why the generation and consumption of electricity in the same time and give it the properties of mobility and versatility. It is proposed realistic modeling of power, in which the mathematical calculations of the regime based on the physics of the process of power transmission technology. It is emphasized that electric networks at a voltage of 110 kV should be considered counter energy market and to establish a base (wholesale) price of electricity for each of its customers on the basis of the concept of its power from the 110 kV network system with the normative coefficient of reactive power transmission (tgφ Д).


The managing system of China state-owned capital is principal-agent.In the chain of principal-agent,the government,the governmental officials,managers and enterprises' staff are entities which may cause state-owned capital's loss.The key to prevent the conspiracy of managers and officials is to hit hard such malpractice.Through the analysis of the conspiracy model between officials and managers,and the state-owned capital's supervision supplying model,the conclusion is as follows: the government should separate the managing function of state-owned capital,officials should quit from the stakeholders of state-owned capital,and the supervision of managers should depend on product market,capital market,manager market and internal governance.


A method was developed to characterize visual electrode corrosion during ohmic heating of a model system. Stainless steel 304 electrodes were energized in a 2% salt solution at room temperature of 24±1C for 10 min. The effects of Alternating Current (AC) electrical frequency and current density were examined in a frequency range of 55 to 5000 Hz and current density range of 1200 to 3500 A/m 2 . The ratio of colorimeter values of lightness (L)/yellowness (b) was used to quantify the degree of visual corrosion. Corrosion was most serious at low AC electrical frequencies of 55, 100, 200 Hz and at high current density of 3500 A/m 2 . At AC electrical frequency values above 5000 Hz, corrosion reduced dramatically even as current density was increased to 3500 A/m 2 and heating time extended to 1-1/2 h.


Objective To evaluate the efficacy and clinical safety of sodium glycididazole (CMNa)in thoracic esophageal squamous carcinoma.Methods From June 1,2008 to October 13,2009,66pathologically proved thoracic esophageal squamous carcinoma (stage Ⅱa-Ⅲ,stage Ⅳ with metastases only in supraclavicular lymph nodes,by AJCC 6th ed) were randomized into radiotherapy plus CMNa (A) or radiotherapy plus placebo (B) group.Radiotherapy was given by conventional schedule:1.8-2.0 Gy per fraction,5 times per week to a total dose of 66 Gy/6.6-7.2w.CMNa was given intravenously 800 mg/m2 3 times a week in solution of 100 ml saline within 30 minutes.Radiotherapy was started 30-60 minutes after completion of infusion.Patients of Group B received placebo in saline solution.A total of 66 patients were enrolled ( Group A:32 ; Group B:34 ),and four patients were unanalyzable,remaining 31 patients in each Group.Baseline factors were balanced.Results Follow-up rate was 97%.Group A vs.Group B:the overall response rate was 93.5% vs.67.7% ( x2 =6.61,P =0.01 ),2-year overall survival was 39.9% vs.29.9% ( x2 =0.62,P =0.433 ),2-year cancer specific survival was 43.1% vs.26.8% ( x2 =0.30,P =0.878),and 2-year progression-free survival was 30.1% vs.27.9% ( x2 =0.02,P =0.586).No severe side effects observed.All patients tolerated CMNa infusion well.Conclusions CMNa is tolerable and effective as a hypoxic radiosensitizer,and its combination with radiotherapy can improve short term effect.However,survival is not improved within our follow-up period.

Key words:
Sodium glycididazole; Radiosensitizing drug; Esophageal neoplasms


Volume 3 of theHandbooksurveys the borderlands that lie between neurology and psychiatry. It considers subjects for which no precise tools for measurement exist and no common terminology has been devised. Intelligence, the mind-brain relationship, consciousness, orientation, attention, and the time sense are covered by separate chapters contributed by recognized experts in the field. MacDonald Critchley provides an introductory chapter studded with pithy remarks—one of which, in my opinion, characterizes the difficulties that the entire field has experienced in the past: It is a wry thought that so many of the classical writers on the topic of highest level cerebral function and dysfunction have shown a singular defect in self-expression. Clarity of diction, which after all is the mirror of clear thinking, is only too often fogged over by the verbiage of the pedant. At times, this volume suffers from the defect which Dr. Critchley decries. However, the majority


Data on 363 progeny from a random bred population of New Zealand White and Dutch breeds of rabbits were used to estimate heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlation of growth traits at different ages in the rabbit. Traits studied were Individual Body Weight (IBW), Ear Length (EL), Body Width (BW), Body Length (BL), Head to Shoulder (HS), Shoulder to Tail (ST) and Length of Leg (LL) at 6, 9 and 12 weeks of age. Heritability (hs) estimates were high for IBW (0.43+ 0.35 at 6 weeks), HS (0.45+ 0.35 at 9 weeks), ST (0.56+ 0.40 at 9 weeks), LL (0.43+0.19 at 9 weeks), and HS (0.67+0.45 at 12 weeks). Moderate estimates were obtained for BW (0.30+0.30 at 9 weeks), IBW (0.36+0.35 at 12 weeks) and BL (0.35+0.35 at 12 weeks). Also, heritability (hs) for EL (0.11+0.21 at 6 weeks), BW (0.14+0.24 at 6 weeks), BL (0.18+0.25 at 9 weeks), IBW (0.11+0.22 at 9 weeks), BW (0.09+0.34 at 12 weeks) and ST (0.06+0.23 at 12 weeks) obtained were low estimates. Genetic and phenotypic correlations were moderate to high and positive between the various traits except for the negative values obtained for genetic correlations between IBW and HS (-0.12), and IBW and BL (-0.01) at 9 and 12 weeks of age, respectively.


Introduction: Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) is part of the lung immune system that consists of small aggregates of lymphoid cells at the bifurcation of the airways and along the lymphatic routes. While in animal models it plays a role in allograft response, that relationship has never been established in humans. BALT is often seen in lung transplant biopsies evaluated for rejection especially in A0 and A1 rejection. In early post-transplant biopsies (first 180 days) it is more commonly seen with A2 and A3 rejection. Irrespective of its role in allograft response in humans, morphologically BALT can occasionally be difficult to distinguish from rejection. Methods: We analyzed 33 transbronchial transplant lung biopsies, 25 with BALT and 8 with rejection for presence of CD21 positive dendritic cells to determine if their presence can distinguish BALT from the acute rejection. Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate statistical significance. Results: Of the 25 biopsies with BALT, 20 (80%) stained positive for CD21, while none of the 8 biopsies with acute rejection stained positive for CD21 (0%), a significant difference (p value <0.0001). Discussion: The results of the study showed that CD21 antibody may be helpful in distinguishing BALT from acute rejection in difficult cases.


The title compound, [Sn2(C20H12)2(CH3)4], which is the first chiral tin-bridged cyclophane, was prepared from the reaction of racemic 2,2′-dilithio-1,1′-binaphthyl and dimethyltin dichloride. The molecule has approximate local D2 222 symmetry.


Previous studies of children's reorientation have focused on cue representation (e.g., whether cues are geometric) as a predictor of performance but have not addressed cue reliability (the regularity of the relation between a given cue and an outcome) as a predictor of performance. Here we address both factors within the same series of experiments. We show that for 18- to 30-month-olds, high cue reliability is a dominant factor positively affecting reorientation behavior. Under conditions of high cue reliability, children use both scalar and nonscalar cues for successful reorientation. By contrast, under conditions of low cue reliability, children successfully use scalar cues but not nonscalar cues, suggesting that mapping of left–right visual features onto a viewer-centric sense of left and right is facilitated when features themselves are ordered. More generally, we suggest that cue-driven spatial reorientation is best understood as part of a broader system capable of flexibly linking stimuli and responses.


This study evaluates the satellite technique used to estimate precipitation by GPI (Global Precipitation Index) and two adapted versions, GPId and GPIp, on the various temporal and spatial scales over the continental area. The temporal scales analyzed varied from 3 h to one month, while the spatial scale ranged from 100 to 10000 square km. The study area was the interior of the state of São Paulo, using infrared images from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 8 (GOES-8) and CAPPI data of the meteorological radar in Bauru. The GPI results and its two versions were compared to the meteorological radar data from Bauru, and the tendency, root mean square error (RMSE) and correlation for several temporal and spatial combinations for three different forms of spatial sampling. For most combinations, the optimum rates found presented smaller values than those found for the GPI. Moreover, the GPI technique overestimates the precipitation rates as compared with the radar data, while the GPIp technique slightly overestimates the precipitation rates as compared to the radar data. It was also concluded that, with small adaptations of the threshold temperature of rain and non-rain, and the precipitation rate, it is possible to estimate the precipitation with lower tendencies and mean RMSE for temporal resolutions from 3 h to monthly and areas of 100 to 10000 squ.km. for the three forms of spatial sampling analyzed.


War & Peace: A Guide To Literature And New Media: Grades 4-8 by Virginia A. Walter. Westport: Libraries Unlimited, 2007. 276 pp. ISBN 1- Careful the things you say, children will listen (Stephen Sondheim, Into the Woods) You cross your fingers and hope they never ask you: "Where do babies come from?" "What's AIDS?" "Some kids call that other kid a . What's that? Is that bad?" The Tough Questions. How do you explain any of these sensitive topics to a child? It's unlikely that telling him or her to go look it up in an encyclopedia or in some scholarly journal would truly answer the question, but are you prepared to answer the question yourself? You could refuse to answer ("You're too young to understand."), or you could delay the inevitable ("Ask me when you're older.") and that may alleviate your discomfort, but it won't alleviate the child's uncertainty. What if the child is asking you because his or her parents haven't provided a satisfactory answer? Today, there's a new set of questions: "If fighting is bad, why are we at war?" "Who are we fighting? Why?" "When will it end?" With instant access to events as they are happening, not only through commercial media (e.g.: newspapers, television, etc.) but also modern social networks (e.g.: IM'ing, YouTube, MySpace, etc), there are more avenues than ever for children to learn about the larger world around them—ways that bypass parental and adult intervention—and children do not always get enough information to understand the Big Picture, hence their curiosity, uncertainty, and even fear which leads to those tough questions. Virginia A. Walter has been a strong advocate for excellence in library services to children and young adults and treating their information needs with dignity and respect. She spent 25 years as a public librarian and the past 17 years as a professor at UCLA's Graduate School of Education and Information Studies and many of her teaching and research interests focus on children's information


Organizational change in an evolving technological age is reconsidered here. Extant organization theory focuses largely on technologically‐induced transformation. This paper argues that this focus is inappropriate. With the proliferation of information technology in the workplace, change literature propounds a particular view of the organization: a lean, flat and networked organization. Reevaluating future change and future shock literature prediction, we establish a more realistic account of technology and the organization and question the accuracy of the "altered organization" expectation. In developing a conceptualization of a "limited reality of change," we imply that predicted changes are not as clear cut as certain proponents would have us believe. Though there is a willingness throughout technology change literature to slip into the language of organizational transformation, this paper indicates that the reality of change is far more restrictive than has largely been previously acknowledged We conclude by proposing the coexistent organization as an alternative—arguing that hierarchical organizational forms can coexist with a networked organization—and discuss implications for organization change theory.


We consider model order reduction with proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) for simulations of incompressible, laminar flow governed by the Navier‐Stokes equations. The major goal in reduced‐order modeling is to replace expensive high‐fidelity systems by low‐order approximations while ensuring a good approximation quality. In this work, the reduced‐order model is constructed from snapshots which are space‐adapted finite element solutions. In order to guarantee stability of the POD surrogate model, we either use a projection onto a common divergence‐free space or utilize a supremizer enrichment of the reduced velocity space. In a numerical experiment, we compare the accuracy of the resulting reduced solution with the standard approach using a static, uniform snapshot discretization.


How does risk aversion affect choices when expenses improve probabilities? Attempts to answer this question in the literature found an endogenous switching probability. In this paper we introduce a new concept of comparative attitude to risl, namely proper risk behavior and determine 1/2 as the threshold probability over which a more proper risk behavior agent becomes a gambler.


This article explores the future imaginaries used in Facebook's corporate communications. It aims to reconstruct how these "Facebook Futures" are constructed over time and across different contexts by Facebook's CEO Mark Zuckerberg. Focus of the investigation is a discourse analysis of Zuckerberg's public language from 2004 to 2017. By employing qualitative and interpretive modes of enquiry, this study attempts to show (1) how Facebook's future imaginaries change over time, (2) how Facebook's central imaginaries "global connectivity" and "global community" are substantiated, and (3) how these imaginaries are supported by norms and values inherent in Silicon Valley culture. Overall, Facebook is analyzed as an example of a prophetic corporation, not only providing an explicitly corporate vision of a better world, but also blending it with the digital technologies and practices involved in making this vision reality.


The rôle of the ground in radio transmission is first considered generally. In short-wave propagation taking place via the Kennelly-Heaviside layer only the ground in the vicinity of the antennas is involved, and its effect may be included in antenna directivity. The utility of so ascribing the ground effect exclusively to the terminals of a radio circuit rests on the applicability of simple wave reflection theory in which the distance between the terminals does not appear. For this purpose reflection equations, similar to Fresnel's equations for a nonconducting dielectric, are employed with a complex index of refraction. The paper describes experiments undertaken to determine the limits of applicability of these optical reflection equations and discusses the results. Particular emphasis is placed on the identification of direct and reflected waves. The existence of a surface wave, foreign to simple reflection theory, is recognized with vertical antennas, when the incident wave is not sufficiently plane. At angles of incidence between grazing and the pseudo-Brewster value the requirements of planeness are severe. The relation of optics to Sommerfeld's theory is discussed. The experiments include tests made with the aid of an airplane. For short-wave communication via the Kennelly-Heaviside layer, use of the modified Fresnel equations is shown to be justified. These equations fail only at substantially grazing incidence and then merge into the Sommerfeld ground wave solution. The ground effect is always to discriminate against radiation or reception at very low angles.


We extend the Yangian double to the super (or graded) case and give its Drinfel'd generators a realization by Gauss decomposition.


The third biennal "Living with Animals," conference on March 22-26, 2017 organized by Robert W. Mitchell and Radhika Makecha at Eastern Kentucky University The theme is Co-existence (though we will accept papers on a diversity of topics).  Eastern Kentucky University, located in Richmond just south of Lexington, 'The Horse Capital of the World', began offering the first undergraduate degree in Animal Studies in 2010. Julia Schlosser, Jessica Dallow, and Martha Robinson are co-organizing "See...


Recently obtainedl ) deformation-energy surfaces, based on the droplet mode12) and the modified-oscillator single-particle mOde1 3), have been used to establish spontaneous-fission potential barriers for even-even nuclei with Z between 92 and 106. Effects of axially asymmetric shapes in the deformation region around the first saddle point4) as well as of reflexion asymmetric 1 shapes for large values of £2 ) have been taken into account. Furthermore, the effect of P6 deformations5) have been included in the ground-state energies. The recently discovered6) double-hump structure of the second barrier for U and Pu isotopes has also been~taken into account.


Experimental results and theoretical considerations on the critical charge model for latch-up in VLSI CMOS circuits are presented. The critical charge is constant, proportional to the trigger phase pulse height, and inversely proportional to the trigger pulse width. With these results it is possible to calculate the transient latch-up susceptibility of circuits due to periodic pulses, e.g. overshoot, undershoot, and glitches.<<ETX>>


Background: The cosmetic oral mucosa tattoos occur infrequently but the social stigma that may be associated generally with tattoos is motivating factor for its removal. The development of infrared lasers has revolutionized the ability to remove cosmetic oral tattoo effectively. The wave-length of choice is 1,064 nm but there is no relevant histological data regarding effects of Nd:YAG laser on oral tissues after tattoo removal. The aim of this study is to provide histological evidences and to clarify the healing processes in oral mucosa after tattoo removal with 1,064 nm wavelength laser.
 Methods: Five patients with professional black tattoo of inner lip were included in this study. The clinical procedures were performed using 1,064 nm wavelength. Two equal specimens were taken from the treated and non-treated sites for further histological evaluation.
 Results: The specimens after the treatment revealed fragmentation of black ink particles up to 1.5 mm below the surface. Mild fibrosis was observed in the superficial submucosal area where collagen fibers replaced the pigment-containing cells altered by the laser. Clinically, the treatment results showed excellent recovery of the oral mucosa. One year later, the laser treated areas were healthy and without esthetical and functional disturbances.
 Conclusions: Both histological and clinical results advocated Nd:YAG laser treatment as safe and very effective means of removing cosmetic tattoos on the oral mucosa.


Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is still associated with grave prognosis, especially compared to other breast cancer subtypes. Advances in medical science have improved our understanding on the biological nature and heterogeneity of TNBC, explaining the efficacy variability of existing chemotherapeutic drugs on TNBC patients. Complexity of TNBC has led to wide variation of TNBC treatment across the globe, resulting in unsatisfactory treatment outcome. This issue is further complicated by the absence of TNBC treatment guideline in many countries, including in Indonesia. This review discusses systemic treatment options for TNBC while taking account its molecular heterogeneity. Specific consideration is made for Indonesia, not only for current clinical practice, but also for future improvements. Immunotherapy, especially programmed cell death 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitor, has recently shown promising result in TNBC patients. It can be concluded that TNBC is heterogenous and treatment option should be tailored based on its molecular profile.


A project was carried out to develop preemployment tests based on the physical requirements of roughneck jobs on dilling rigs. A job and task analysis based on 17 drilling installations, including land and marine operations, indicated materials handling activities represented a high proportion of the essential tasks. The tasks were classified as one-arm transports, two-arm transports, pushing and pulling. Three tasks, job samples, were selected for a test battery. Specifically, pail carry, bag carry and push tasks make up the test procedures.


Two periods, Miocene and Pleistocene, of shoshonitic volcanic rocks were recognized in the Jingyuhu area ?northern Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The earlier one is intermediate trachyte series, and the later one is tephrite-basic trachyte series. The two series have different types of phenocryst, chemical composition, trace element pattern and ratio of isotopic element, but they show similar REE patterns. Isotopic characteristics suggest that these rocks were originated from EM II type of mantle, a kind of enriched mantle with the addition of recycled crustal material. The occurrence of the two periods and two series of volcanic rocks suggest that the different periods of Cenozoic volcanic activity on the plateau can be overlapped in space. The volcanic activities occurred along the giant sinistral strike-slip fault along the south margin of Kunlun Mountain, specifically constrained by the second-order faults to the north of the main fault. The deep-cut lithospheric faults here acted as a magma channel, and the occurrence of two periods of eruption represents the reactivity of the fault.


Purpose: Periosteal osteosarcomas are rare cartilage-rich bone tumours characterized by a juxtacortical eccentric position and are normally regarded oncologically as of intermediate to high grade.Their low incidence is mirrored by a small number of reported cases in the world literature. While there is general agreement that wide surgical excision is required, there is a paucity of evidence regarding adjuvant therapy. Previous reports have not indicated any consistent approach to this to allow appraisal. Patients and methods: We report 17 cases treated at our centre over 16 years. Our policy was to use chemotherapy when the tumour showed any features of high grade. Results: To date, no deaths have resulted from recurrence or metastasis of the tumour although there have been two deaths from other causes. Discussion: Comparison of survival with existing studies is made to draw conclusions regarding future treatment of this condition in terms of surgical and adjuvant approaches.


Skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes and dermatophytoses are becoming severe nowadays. In a previous study, gossypol from fruits of Thespesia populnea (L.) Sol. ex Correa was found to possess growth-inhibiting activity against dermatophytes, causing dermatophytoses, the major fungal disease of the skin (Anuthara et al., 2021). There may be a chance of secondary bacterial infection in the case of dermatophytoses. Hence the present study was designed to evaluate the activity of gossypol against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes , the major bacterial pathogens of the skin. Gossypol (GP) was isolated from the fruits of T. populnea and was identified and characterised by HPLC, HPTLC, FTIR, LCMS and NMR spectroscopy in a previous study (Anuthara et inoculum prepared according to the (clinical method- M07-A9 with slight modification (CLSI, 2012b). The medium used was Mueller-Hinton Broth. The test was done within the concentration range of 1.953µg/mL to 1000 µg/mL of medium (doubling dilutions). Gossypol was dissolved in DMSO and Streptomycin in sterile distilled water, and dilutions were prepared. MIC was determined by transferring 10 µl from the well with no growth and subculturing on respective agar plates and incubated at 37 0 C overnight. was determined by direct microscopy and MTT assay. It is the most suitable method used to determine mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity in the living cells, where the chemical MTT is reduced to formazan, a purple coloured product by NADPH. In this study, a dose-dependent approach was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of GP on RAW-264.7 macrophage cells at different concentrations; 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100µg/mL. GP showed the highest percentage of viability (87.95%) at 6.25µg/mL concentration, and the cells did not show any morphological changes. In the highest concentration (100 µg/mL), the percentage viability was reduced to 54.57%. 832 gels or ointments and liquid suspensions, in vitro skin permeation studies (IVPT), pharmacokinetic bioequivalent studies, in vivo stratum corneum sampling (or tape stripping (TS) for the semi-solid formulation and vasoconstriction assay for corticosteroids must be followed. Clinical trial formulation and batches used in the comparative study must be described in detail. This procedure should be followed by an in vivo pilot dose duration-response study with relevant human volunteers for pilot and pivotal studies. All the reactions of all tests should be determined at baseline (before drug application), time of drug product removal, and several times after drug product removal (e.g. 2,4,6,19,24 hours) followed by a secondary clinical assessment has to be done Medicines vitro cytotoxicity in vivo have be determination of its suitability to be used as a topical agent or an oral So, GP can be recommended to be developed as an agent for bacterial skin diseases.


– The present investigation was carried out in the Cañoncillo lagoon located in the district of San Pedro de Lloc, province of Pacasmayo, department of La Libertad. The objective of the research was to evaluate the eutrophication level of the Cañoncillo lagoon. To achieve this objective, five sampling points were identified along the water body, where in situ parameters such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity and water transparency were measured. In addition, two samples were collected from each point at different depths (1 m and 3 m) using a hydrographic bottle. Nitrates and phosphates were analyzed from each sample by the colorimetric method and chlorophyll-a by the trichromatic method. Two indices were then applied to determine the level of eutrophication of the lagoon: the Nutrient Eutrophication Index (EI) of Karydis et al. and the Trophic State Index (TSI) of Carlson, modified by Toledo et al. The results indicated that the pH of the water at 1 m depth presented values between 7.94 and 8.15, and at 3 m between 7.83 and 8.20; the temperature at 1 m depth between 22.1 and 22.8 °C, while at 3 m the data varied between 22.2 and 23. 2 °C; dissolved oxygen at 1 m depth presented data between 5.45 and 7.63 mg/L and at 3 m between 3.82 and 8.17 mg/L; electrical conductivity at 1 m had values between 393 and 404 µs/cm and at 3 m between 298 and 412 mg/L, nitrate concentration at 1 m depth varied between 0. 39 and 1.40 mg/L and at 3 m between 1.07 and 2.10 mg/L; phosphate concentration at 1 m depth ranged between 0.08 and 0.18 mg/L, and at 3 m between 0.13 and 0.20 mg/L; chlorophyll-a at 1 m depth showed higher concentrations than at 3 m. On the other hand, from the application of the EI, a value of 2.23 was obtained for nitrates and 0.94 for phosphates; while the TSI for transparency was 38.449 and for chlorophyll a 66.77. Finally, it was concluded that the eutrophication level of the Cañoncillo lagoon was oligotrophic based on nitrates, phosphates and transparency; and eutrophic based on chlorophyll-a, thus identifying that the proliferation of aquatic plants is not directly related to the concentration of the nutrients analyzed.


Serbian mathematician Milutin Milanković is considered to be the founder of the modern astronomical theory of climate change. In 1912, in an article "On the Mathematical Theory of Climate," Milanković introduced, for the first time, advanced mathematics into climatology. In this and subsequent publications, he demonstrated the interrelatedness of celestial mechanics and the earth sciences, thus inaugurating the transformation of climatology and related descriptive sciences into exact ones.


The campus CEO must have accurate and timely information on intercollegiate athletics to be able to represent it to the institution's constituencies. The information needed includes the admissions process for recruits, classroom performance of student-athletes, and personal conduct of team members and coaches.


: In this article I analyze how the novels Terra Sonambula by Mozambican writer Mia Couto and Pedro Paramo by Mexican writer Juan Rulfo articulate history as persistence and repetition. I argue that in both novels the past arises as a phantasmagoric experience that returns under new forms in the present and threatens to continue into the future. I consider how in rewriting a central theme in Latin American literature, Mia Couto not only adapts it to the Mozambican context but also transcends it, seeking a way out of the "labyrinthic" patterns of memory that prevailed in Juan Rulfo's novel.


Current concerns on world trade (e.g., fair business practices, product quality, and reliability), the environment (e.g., the propagation and radiation of noise from structures), and public safety (e.g., the effects of shock and vibration on humans, civil structures, and vehicles) have placed increased international attention on the development of quality standards in the field of mechanical vibration and shock. Recognizing its importance, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has set up a Technical Committee to develop standards in the field of mechanical vibration, shock, and the condition monitoring of machines and structures, ISO/TC 108. Its scope includes the areas of mechanical vibration and shock pertaining to: terminology and nomenclature; actuators, sensors, and associated instrumentation; reduction and control methods; measurement and evaluation of the exposure of humans, stationary structures, vehicles, and machines. In addition, standardization in the field of vibration and ...


Washington--The campaign to establish an electronic health information system took an important step forward last month when HHS Secretary Mike Leavitt awarded contracts to four groups to test various approaches for establishing Nationwide Health Information Network (NHIN) architecture. These consortia of technology developers and local e-health organizations will build model systems for health information exchange in 12 regions around the country. The aim is to permit physicians, clinics, hospitals, health plans and medical research institutions to access patient health information; the networks also will support efforts to monitor and respond to health emergencies such as epidemics and bioterrorist attacks.


PURPOSE: A luminous tile and a preparation method thereof are provided to enhance a light absorption rate, a light emitting rate, a light refraction rate, an abrasion resistance and an impact strength. CONSTITUTION: The luminous tile(8) comprises a panel(10) composed of a flat board; a plurality of knobs(12) projected on a whole surface of a panel(10); a groove(14) formed on the outside and between knobs; and a luminous material(16) input in the groove(14). The preparation method of the luminous tile(8) comprises the steps of: milling the tile material, a phosphorescent pigment, a dispersing agent, an anti-foaming agent, a lubricant and a water together; aging the milled material; powdering; forming the powders into a determined shape; firing; and processing the material into a determined shape.


FROM THE TIMECelcus first characterized inflammation as "rubor et tumor cum calore et dolore" in the first century, few areas have defied the concerted efforts of medical science to unravel its mysteries with such uncompromising success. The discovery of salicylic acid and the synthesis of aspirin in the 19th century provided the first of what is now a plethora of compounds collectively termed nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Despite the proliferation of these drugs in recent years, the therapeutic use is largely empiric. In this symposium, Drs. Hadler and Erlich provide cogent arguments for and against the use of aspirin as the initial NSAID for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Hadler argues that aspirin is the gold standard by which other NSAIDs are measured, that no NSAID has been proven superior to aspirin, and, because of study design limitations, one cannot conclude that other NSAIDs are equally efficacious compared with aspirin. In addition, clinically significant toxicity associated with aspirin use is rare and no data support the contention that NSAIDs are less toxic than aspirin. Erlich counters with arguments that the relatively large gap between analgesic doses and antiinflammatory doses for aspirin compared with other NSAIDs reduces the likelihood that effective antiinflammatory responses will be achieved with aspirin, that other NSAIDs are tolerated better than aspirin and, in osteoarthritis, aspirin may be counterproductive. These arguments reveal a lack of sufficient data to


In this study, a cross-sectional approach was used to examine the relationships between sensationseeking and impulsivity on drug misuse using 200 participants. The study was conducted within Ibadan among youths especially adolescence who completed questionnaires assessing the influence of sensation-seeking and impulsivity on drug misuse. Results indicated that sensation-seeking and impulsivity as predicted in the first hypothesis independently and jointly influenced drug misuse among youths F (2, 197) = 22.9, p Key Words: Drug misuse, impulsivity, sensation-seeking and youths.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the effects of knowledge management (KM) enablers on KM processes in research universities and testing the direct relation between KM processes and OP. This study also proposes to examine the mediating role of intellectual capital (IC) and innovation in the relationship between KM processes and performance of universities.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a sample of 217 academic and administrative personnel from research universities of Pakistan, the hypothesized relationships were tested through partial least squares structural equation modeling technique.

Findings
The results reveal that KM enablers have a significant impact on KM processes. The results also indicate that KM processes influence organizational performance (OP) directly and indirectly through innovation and IC.

Practical implications
Findings of this study reinforce the corporate experience of KM and suggest how administrators of research universities and higher educational institutions can promote innovation and IC, which in turn enhance OP.

Originality/value
Despite the augmented importance of KM in higher education institutions or research universities, there is a dearth of studies that investigate the interplay of KM, innovation, IC and OP. This is one of the earliest studies that not only empirically investigate the interaction of KM enablers, KM processes and performance of research universities but also shed insights into the existing literature by simultaneously investigating mediating role of IC and innovation in the underlying relationship.


The present invention is to provide a semiconductor device suitable separator and its formation method for improving the isolation characteristic of a uniform form and element separation films relates to a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device. Separation films of semiconductor devices of the present invention to achieve this second insulation is first formed surrounding the side surface of the insulating layer in the first insulating layer, and the surface of the substrate that is to have a certain width and thickness formed in the surface of the substrate, diaphragm forming a semiconductor device of the present invention is provided, including a layer step of forming a first insulating layer having a step, the width smaller than that of the first substrate on the first substrate to prepare a first substrate, a first isolated step of forming a second substrate with a space of predetermined distance from the side of the layer, comprises a step of forming a second insulating layer in the space.


Sustaining brand loyalty is the key success for the survival of any organisation. Maintaining brand loyalty becomes more challenging during a crisis. A slight mistake in responding to the brand crisis will jeopardise the brand image of the organisation. Despite the seriousness of the issue, little is understood how brand crisis response strategy could influence post- crisis brand loyalty. This study investigated the relationship between brand crisis response strategy, namely primary crisis response strategy, secondary crisis response strategy and corporate rebranding of the brand loyalty after the brand crisis occurred. Brand reputation was also taken into consideration as a mediator. The research framework of this study was developed based on the Situational Crisis Communication Theory and the Reciprocity Theory. Personally administered questionnaires were used in collecting the data from· the flight passengers in Northern Malaysia with a sample size of 384 respondents. The PLS-SEM was employed to
analyse the data. The findings revealed that brand crisis response strategy and corporate rebranding have significant relationships to brand loyalty. Brand reputation mediates the relationship between brand crisis response strategy and corporate rebranding of the brand loyalty. The results of this research have further strengthened the theory and related literature on brand loyalty and put forward recommendations for structuring the comprehensive brand crisis response strategy. This study proposes theoretical and practical contributions for academics and professionals. The limitations of the study have been addressed, and some valuable suggestions for future research are presented.


Zhuguang-Xiazhuang area is the biggest granitic-type uranium ore - concentrated district in China. Alteration of granites, tetrad effects of rare e arth element (REE) in granite and minerals, carbon, oxygen and strontium isotope s in calcite are employed to evaluate the characteristics of water-rock interac tion (WRI) in the processes of uranium mineralization. The results show that int ensive alteration developed in the granites is the direct exhibition of WRI. Cor rosions exhibited on the surface of uraninite reveal the activation of the urani um in the granite. Fission-track results show that chloritization is one of the important reactions to reactive the uranium in the granite occurred in the form of isomorphism. Conjugated M-and W-types of tetrad effects of REE simultaneou sly observed in the granite and minerals show that the fluid-granite interactio n is the key uranium ore-forming process in the Zhuguang-Xiazhuang uranium ore -concentrated district; the mineralization hosted granite rocks and the tourmal inite in granite shown M-type tetrad effects, while pitchblende, chlorite, illi te, calcite and pyrite shown W-type or W-M mixed type tetrad effects. It might infer that pitchblende was deposited from the fluid. Carbon, oxygen and stronti um isotopic values in calcite, especially the negative correlation between oxyge n and strontium isotope, might infer the mantle derived carbon, part of the prec ipitation origin of water and epidermis uranium.


Diamond-like carbon(DLC) films were deposited on 316L stainless steel by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition(PECVD) under different deposition pressure and radio frequency power.The deposited films were characterized by Raman spectra.The results show that the deposited films have typical structure of DLC films.sp3 content in deposited films is different under various process parameters,and decreases with deposition pressure when radio frequency power is 100 W.The contact angle test results show that the contact angle of 316L stainless steel with normal saline and deionized water all increase after DLC films deposition,and the wettability decreases.


Infected urachal cyst is one of urachal spectrum abnormalities. It usually presents in children because obliteration normally happened at early infancy. Rare case occurs in adult either can be small incidence or unrecognized symptoms until adulthood. Only small numbers of literature reported. The urachus is a tube extending from the anterior roof of the vesica urinaria to the umbilicus along the midline. The urachus is a vestigial fibromuscular structure located anterior to the fascia transversalis and posterior to the peritoneum. The presence of an embryonic urachal remnant can result in a variety of clinical complications. Due to the rarity of urachal residual disorders and the possibility of vague stomach or urinary symptoms, it is difficult to make a firm preoperative diagnosis. A 32-year-old female was referred to Saiful Anwar General Hospital after suffering abdominal pain for two months; the perineum felt the pain. There was a history of dysuria and nausea since the previous month, but no history of fever or change in bowel habits. Abdominal ultrasound showed an abscess at the anterior bladder and MRI showed an infected cyst mass in the suprapubic pointing to the left umbilical. Partial cystectomy and uterus biopsy were performed. The histopathologic result showed chronic inflammation tissue, and no malignancy was found. Misdiagnosis may lead to many complications such as progressive infection until malignancy therefore early detection of this case is important.


The development of scientific research in the area of psychology and neurobiology, as well as the technological achievements concerning brain imaging methods, have caused the dynamic development of research methods in economic sciences. New disciplines have appeared, such as: behavioural economy, behavioural finance, neuromanagement and neuromarketing. In the article the author focused on the presentation of a marketing study conducted with applying cognitive neuroscience methods and biometric techniques. The aim of the study was a behaviour analysis of consumers watching the advertisements of different products. Research was conducted in two stages. The first part of the study constituted an experiment with the use of different cognitive neuroscience methods and biometric techniques. The second part of the study consisted of direct interviews with respondents. The analysis of the empirical data showed that the application of the methods taken from neuroscience had allowed receiving additional information which supplemented the knowledge that is being acquired from a direct interview.


In a Latin square L of order n constructed with symbol set {1, . . . , 2n− 2}, critical set C is a subset of L such that there exist a unique extension of C to L and no proper subset of C has this property. Let M and N be two Latin squares of order m and n with symbol set {1, ..., 2m− 2} and {1, ..., 2n − 2} then M × N is a Latin square of order mn with symbol set {1, ..., 2mn− (n + 2)} and the UC-set of product may be product of UC-sets. Mathematics Subject Classification: 05Cxx


Global warming resulting from the use of fossil fuels is one of the major sustainability challenges the world is facing today. Reducing the use of energy and conversion to renewable energy sources in industry is one of the most important means to deal with this challenge as industry accounts for more than 30 percent of global energy use and almost 40 percent of worldwide CO2 emissions. During the last two decades the dominating management approach adopted by industry to deal with reduction of energy use and climate change mitigation is standardized management systems. For a majority of this period energy management has largely been performed within the context of environmental management systems in accordance with the standard ISO 14001. In recent years, more energy specific standards such as for example ISO 50001 is following a similar adoption pattern as ISO 14001. Of central importance for both these standards is the concept of continuous incremental improvement (Plan-Do-Check-Act-Cycle), which originates from the quality management field. However, in recent years the positive perceptions of such systems have been questioned. Conceptual research shows that this type of approach might contribute to inertia in present production system. Together with other factors the inertia can cause inhibition of more dramatic shifts toward more sustainable technologies and systems, which most likely is needed if we are to be able to deal with the global warning challenge. In response to previous conceptual research we aim to assess the usefulness of the standardized management system approach for energy management and climate change mitigation in industry. This will be done by reviewing previous empirical studies focusing on the possible energy-related benefits of the standardized management system approach. In addition, a complementary review covering alternative new management approaches, primarily focused on more radical energy innovations, will also be performed. The reviews are not yet complete but some preliminary results can be presented here. At first glance, it seems that standardized management systems are rather successful concerning energy related improvement. More or less all studies addressing energy related benefits of ISO 14001-based systems are reporting positive effects. However, all these studies rely heavily on statements of firm representatives, often managers responsible for environmental and energy issues. The problem with the statements these managers give is that they must be seen as subjective perceptions from the viewpoint of the managers, which is associated with methodological weaknesses. Therefore, there is a strong need to complement existing evidence with studies that are based on more objective, fact-based energy data in order to make it possible to generalize from the results. No such study has been found. This need is further highlighted by the fact that studies focused on more objective measurements of other environmental parameters, for example toxic emissions or waste, clearly show divergent results.


A 66 year old woman presented with a three week history of a blistering eruption on sun exposed toes …


A program to determine Young's modulus of asphalt concrete using the resonant column is presented. The equipment is capable of longitudinal and torsional vibrations. The specimens were tested at three temperatures. A copper heating coil mounted inside the apparatus was used to control specimen temperature. The basic properties of the test material are also described. The two major problems of this particular program were the loss of coupling between the test specimen and the apparatus and the failure to effectively reduce spurious machine vibrations at high frequencies. As expected, modulus and damping were functions of temperature.


This paper provides an overview of the purposes for quality benchmarks of legal work, and related formalisms and their properties.


After a mixture containing a hydrocarbon solvent and formula A + represents an alkali metal hydroxide OH- is the first step of the dehydration process, and a mixture of the compound of formula (2) obtained in the first step by dehydration reaction of formula (4) produced in the second step may be used to represent a salt producing an active ingredient of a plant disease controlling agent.


Elemental boron is an attractive fuel for air-breathing propulsion applica tions since it has the highest volumetric energy density among all elements in reaction with oxygen, and the thir d highest energy density on a mass basis. Due to the low melting point of solid boron oxide and the h ig surface tension and viscosity of liquid boron oxide [1], agglomeration of the initially micron size ( crystalline boron) or submicron size (amorphous boron) particles is an inescapable phenomeno n occurring in all propulsion applications. Since the particle agglomerate has a large internal reactive su rface area and non-uniform accessibility to oxygen, its ignition behavior considerably differs from that of single micron-size boron particle or a low density boron dust cloud.


Context: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are multigene family structurally and functionally related endoproteinases. The basic action of 23 types of MMPs collectively involves degradation of virtually every component of extracellular matrix (ECM) in tumor cells migration and metastasis process. This review article aimed at surveying MMPs specific role in various steps and cellular pathways involving in breast carcinogenesis. Evidence Acquisition: This review article compromised published articles in PubMed and GoogleScholar according to keywords since 1988. Results: Based on the recent researches, certain MMPs play critical role in breast cancer initiation, invasion, and metastasis. They can be regarded as predictive biomarkers of primary diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer and have predictive value for evaluation of disease, tumor recurrence, invading of tumor cells to other sites and therapeutic outcomes. Conclusions: In summary, the results of this review article provide rational evidences for applying in human clinical trials toward MMPs in breast cancer therapies.


Insulation failure in High Voltage (HV) cables is evaluated using a variety of monitoring techniques. Previous silicon technologies were outperformed by wide-bandgap semiconductor power devices with faster switching speeds. Their precise current management or current protection measures must be upgraded. As a result, their precise current control or protection measures have become more sophisticated. The traditional Rogowski Coil (RC) with the magnetic core, on the other hand, has low measurement accuracy, a short measuring range, and is difficult to fabricate. This paper presents and discusses the development of a Rogowski Coil using a detachable Printed Circuit Board (PCB) as a current sensor for Partial Discharge (PD) measurement. Furthermore, the development of this innovative current sensor concentrated on the detachable PCB Rogowski Coil's capability to measure as a high-voltage (HV) current sensor and its sensitivity in fault diagnosis, over-voltage current sensing, and high-impulse current sensing on HV cables. The experimental design, techniques, and measurement parameters used in models were discussed. Finally, a brief analysis of the detachable PCB RC current sensor such as sensitivity, maximum voltage and current detection is presented. This paper can also be used as a guideline for other researchers to develop an advanced RC current sensor using PCB as a HV current sensor in the future. The measurement results of the detachable PCB RC current sensor such as the sensitivity and current detection signal can also be used as a guideline by another researcher. As a result, the goal of this project is to measure PD on HV cables using an RC current sensor by utilising PCB technology.


CCTV have been equipped in the long expressway tunnels simply to observe traffic, and the function of automatic incident detection by image processing technology is being added recently in these tunnels in order to detect incidents quickly such as vehicle stopping, low speed, or continuous lane changing. There is more potential information contained in the images of the CCTV. Joint research on utilizing the information, in addition to the above functions, has been carried out with nine private companies for the use of detecting a fire and measuring visibility and luminance inside tunnels. The result of the research shows those functions are nearly ready for practical use although more field experiments in terms of operational aspect are required. (A*) For the covering abstract see ITRD E110327.


Purpose: This retrospective community intervention trial evaluated the Be Well course—a mandatory lifestyle intervention course for airmen who fail the U.S. Air Force fitness assessment (FA)—at Travis Air Force Base from November 1, 2010 to February 1, 2011. Methods: Pre-existing data (N = 276) were analyzed for change in FA scores and for predictors of future outcomes. Results: On the subsequent FA after completing Be Well, males and females scored significantly higher on total points, aerobic fitness, push-ups, and sit-ups (p < 0.001 for all), and males had lower body mass indices (BMI; p = 0.005) and smaller abdominal circumferences (AC; p < 0.001), as compared to their initial FA. As opposed to those who passed the subsequent FA, those who failed consecutively had significantly higher BMIs (p < 0.001), larger ACs (p < 0.001), and lower total scores (p < 0.0001) at the time of the initial failure. Conclusions: The Be Well course is an effective tool and should remain a component of remedial training for airmen who fail the Air Force FA. Stratification of failure should be considered at the policy level, with special consideration given to the risk factors of high BMI, large AC, and low total FA score. INTRODUCTION Like her sister services, the United States Air Force (USAF) stands committed to the health and wellness of her service members. Although some of these elements, such as mental and spiritual wellness, do not readily lend themselves to tangible and uniform assessment, physical fitness is relatively easy to evaluate. The cornerstone of evaluation in the USAF, though it has seen many permutations over the years, is the Fitness Assessment (FA). In its current form, the FA is comprised of four components totaling 100 points: abdominal circumference (AC) (20 points); push-ups (10 points); situps (10 points); and an aerobic fitness test of either a 1.5-mile run or 1-mile walk (60 points). For each component, a minimum score has been established based on age and gender. This new scoring system, which transferred 10 points from the AC to the aerobic fitness test, took effect locally at Travis Air Force Base (AFB) on July 1, 2010 and officially throughout the USAF on January 1, 2011. Two additional changes were implemented concurrently: increasing FA frequency from once to twice annually for all members failing to score 390 points or failing to test on all components (e.g., because of medical exemption); and reclassifying failure, or the so-called "unsatisfactory performance," to include not only a composite score <75, but also failure to meet any one of the four component minimums based on age and gender. Despite the serious consequences of failing the FA—letter of counseling, downgrade of performance report, inability to attend professional military education, etc.—5% of Travis AFB airmen fall into this category at any given time. Although ideally no healthy service member would fail the FA, consecutive failures (as opposed to isolated, onetime failures) are more concerning for physical unfitness. At this time, however, no studies have evaluated how scores on the failed FA relate to subsequent performance. This information would be useful both to commanders and to the Health and Wellness Center (HAWC) when, with scarce resources and limited manpower, they plan their interventions. In accordance with USAF policy, all personnel who fail the FA are required to attend a behavioral modification class within 10 duty days. This 4-hour course, previously called the Healthy Living Program and recently reconstructed and renamed Be Well, specifically targets fitness, nutrition, and behavior change through a slide-based lecture and demonstration format. This course has multiple theoretical underpinnings, drawing on parts of the Health Belief Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, and Transtheoretical Model of Change. Although Be Well is open to any military beneficiary, only those who failed the FA attended the course during our 3-month catchment period. LITERATURE REVIEW The impetus for more stringent FA scoring and more aggressive lifestyle intervention becomes readily apparent in light of findings from the 2008 Department of Defense Survey of Health Related Behaviors among Active Duty Personnel. Of the 28,500 service members surveyed, overweight rates were calculated at 62% for those over age 20 and at 35% for those age 20 and under. These rates are strikingly similar to those in the general U.S. population, where overweight prevalence was recently measured at 68% for those age 20 and greater and at 34.2% for adolescents (where "overweight" is defined as body mass index [BMI] for age 385th percentile). Furthermore, in the Department of Defense survey, only 63% reported engaging in vigorous exercise on a routine basis— with "routine" defined somewhat speciously as 20 minutes or more at least three times per week. Health and Wellness Center, 550 Travis Avenue, Building 434, Travis Air Force Base, CA 94535. MILITARY MEDICINE, Vol. 177, March 2012 302 D ow naded rom http/academ ic.p.com /m ilm ed/article-ab/177/3/302/4283653 by gest on 03 M ay 2019 The purpose of Be Well, at least on a superficial level, is to reverse these trends towards overweight/obesity and physical inactivity within the USAF by focusing on "balanced eating [and] working out effectively" to ensure that every airman may "live a long, healthy, and productive life." (It may be argued that, on a deeper level, the Be Well course is concerned with making and achieving personal goals.) Whenever health behaviors are concerned, however, effecting change is an arduous task, and even aggressive lifestyle intervention courses are not invariably successful. Those which have shown promise within the military and civilian populations are of unquestionably greater scope, duration, and intensity than Be Well. To our knowledge, no formal research has been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Be Well, despite substantial investments made by the USAF therein. For some perspective, it should be noted that at Travis AFB alone—just one of 106 USAF bases worldwide, albeit one of the largest— monthly attendance at Be Well routinely exceeds 100 airmen. Considering that this mandatory 4-hour course is only offered during duty hours, time in excess of 400 duty hours each month at Travis AFB is redirected from primary responsibilities to health behavior education. Attendance at Be Well, however, may not be sufficient, as some airmen fail the subsequent FA despite completion of the course. The reasons for this are unclear, but the ability to identify these airmen is important to their future success. Although airmen who fail the FA present a challenge to maintaining mission requirements (a "Fit to Fight" force), those who fail on a subsequent attempt further burden the system and degrade mission readiness because of increased attrition and injuries. Given the deleterious effects of consecutive failures, it is worthwhile to explore the differences between those who pass their next attempt and those who fail despite attendance at Be Well. This retrospective study evaluates the dividends on the AF investment in Be Well by answering four questions. First, what changes if any occur in FA total scores, component scores, and BMI following mandatory attendance at Be Well? Second, do outcomes differ based on gender? Third, do selfrated levels of confidence in and motivation for changing behaviors, when measured at the end of Be Well, correlate with a change in FA scores and BMI? Fourth, when comparing those who consecutively fail with those who subsequently pass, are there differences in BMI, in scores at the first (FA1) or second (FA2) attempts, or in Be Well didactic performance, that predict success or failure?


Abstract I describe here the evolution of the Tenerife group of experiments from the first beamswitch experiments with the MkII telescope at Jodrell Bank, through the large angular scale beamswitch and interferometer experiments on Tenerife to the construction of the Very Small Array. Lessons learned from these experiments are applicable to the modern generation of CMB anisotropy observations. Our experience shows that high quality data can be obtained up to frequencies of 30–40 GHz on high dry ground sites; the prospects for the VSA, and CBI are excellent. Galactic foregrounds at these frequencies have rms values less than 10 percent of the anisotropy level in the coolest few steradians of the intermediate and high Galactic latitude sky. With modern receiver sensitivities it is possible to cover many hundreds, if not thousands, of beam areas to bring down the sky sample variance – a limitation in the majority of experiments performed up to the present.


Objective To investigate the use of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) as a new way in the treatment of prostate cancer.Methods Study of recombinant virus VSV oncolytic effect in human prostate cancer in vivo,in vitro models and characteristics,(1) Includes:determining the cytotoxic effect of VSV in different periods of cancer cells; (2) the DU145 cells to establish animal model of tumor in nude mic e,VSV virus tumor-bearing animal by injection of different doses (1 × 106,1 × 107 PFU/100 μl),the change and the effect of treatment of different time points of the tumor,and to determine the correlation between replication level and tumor intratumoral virus size change and animal survival.Results VSV-green fluorescent protein (GFP) can selectively kill prostate cancer cells,MOI =0.1 DU145 cells,> 85% mortality,compared with RWPE-1 cell death,< 20%,and RPMI 1640 control group cell mortality rate < 5%.In vivo experiments,transplantation tumor in different time points (12,24,48 h) virus titer were (2.36 × 107 PFU/g,3.82 × 107 PFU/g,4.38 × 107 PFU/g),1 × 107 PFU dose group,1 × 106 PFU dose group,the RPMI 1640 control group after 48 d of treatment,the average volume of the transplanted tumors were approximately (1470.54 ± 480.67),(903.40 ± 3245.50),(408.54 ± 224.40) mm3,compared three groups,the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05),and the injection contains no virus RPMI 1640 compared to the control group,the tumor was significantly reduced,prolong the survival of the animal.Conclusion Oncolytic virus VSV in DU145 model in vivo,in vitro experiments with a better therapeutic effect,showing that a certain application prospects.

Key words:
Vesicular stomatitis viruses; Prostate cancer; Oncolytic virotherapy


Dear Editor, The coronavirus pandemic has increased hospitalizations in Italy. Hospitals with COVID-19 units admit patients affected by the virus along with patients with pathologies unrelated to COVID-19. Government safety guidelines limit informal caregivers' direct contact with hospitalized patients, who can contact those caregivers using digital devices (e.g., tablets, mobile phones). However, older patients are likely unused to social interactions through such technologies. Patients without COVID-19 face fear of COVID-19 infection and distress of separation from loved ones. Several studies indicate that reactivity to social separation and seeking of social contacts are linked to individual differences in attachment style, which affects health-related outcomes. From March through July 2020, we asked hospitalized patients without COVID-19 (N = 98; mean age: 79.63 10 years; 70 women; clinical conditions: fractures 31%, heart disease 9%, pneumonia 7%) to complete the following: (i) the Attachment Style Questionnaire, measuring five dimensions of attachment style (confidence/secure attachment, discomfort with closeness, need for approval, preoccupation with relationships, and relationships as secondary); (ii) a set of questions about COVID-19, measuring separation distress (3 items) and fear of contracting COVID-19 infection (2 items) on a 5-point Likert scale, as well as questions about frequency of contacts with informal caregivers during hospitalization; and (iii) the Stanford Expectations of Treatment Scale (IRB: 264-2020-OSS-AUSLBO; 265-2020-OSS-AUSLBO). Using multiple regression analyses, we considered separation distress levels, treatment expectations, and frequency of contacts with caregivers as dependent variables. Independent variables were Fear of COVID-19 and Attachment Styles, controlling for age and gender. Both the need for approval (β = 0.27, P < 0.05) and fear of COVID-19 infection (β = 0.32, P < 0.05) were positively associated with patients' social separation distress (F(8,89) = 6.92; P < 0.01; adjR 2 = 0.33). Confidence (β = 0.51, P < 0.05) and, inversely, age (β = 0.26, P < 0.05) were associated with remote contacts with caregivers (F(8,89) = 4.31; P < 0.01; adjR 2 = 0.22). Confidence (β = 0.41; P < 0.05), and, inversely, fear of COVID-19 infection (β = 0.22; P < 0.05) were associated with positive expectations about one's treatment (F(8,89) = 3.09; P < 0.01; adjR 2 = 0.15). Along with the fear of COVID-19 infection, individual differences in attachment style were related to separation distress, remote communication, and attitude toward the treatment in elderly patients without COVID-19. The higher patients scored on need for approval and fear of infection, the more they reported separation distress, highlighting the dependence of anxiously attached patients on direct contact with their loved ones. Notably, older patients had fewer remote contacts with caregivers. In contrast, the higher patients scored on confidence (secure attachment), the more they reported technology-mediated remote communication and a positive attitude toward their treatment, suggesting that secure attachment is associated with a positive attitude towards social and environmental resources during hospitalization. We therefore advocate considering attachment style differences in those facing hospitalization during pandemics. Hospital guidelines should include the psychological assessment and treatment of all patients, with and without the target infection, to enhance everyone's psychological adaptation to hospitalization during pandemics.


Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate freeway space with and without head-stabilizing device. Materials and Methods: A head posture-fixing device was used to fix the head posture in a natural head position. The goniometer (ISICO, 17 Transparent, 360°, Galaxy informatics India, Karol Bagh, New Delhi-India) axis was used in various studies to standardize head posture changes. The digital calipers with measuring range of 0–150 mm/0"–6" and resolution of 0.01 mm/0.0005" was used. Chin–tip of the nose (Niswonger's method) was taken as the reference point. Results: Freeway space without head-stabilizing device for dentulous and edentulous subjects was 4.8 mm and with stabilizing device was 2.2 mm, which was near to the precise value, and was found to be significant with head-stabilizing device. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between all tested groups. These results clarified that freeway space with head-stabilizing device obtained excellent reproducibility compared to the conventional methods.


To obtain insights into how bacterial and fungal microbiota and fermentation products composition are affected by storage temperature for TMR silage, which can be manufactured year‐round.


Physicochemical properties and consumer evaluation of frozen-cooked rice made in five rice varieties were investigated. Rice quality evaluation, physicochemical analyses, rapid viscometer analysis, texture measurements and mechanical sensory measurements were conducted. Consumer acceptance test was conducted with 51 consumers. Consumer acceptance ratings were highly correlated with hardness (r =− 0.849) and stickiness (r = 0.958) of texture. Toyo taste value was highly correlated with consumer acceptance (r = 0.726), but eating quality measurement was not correlated with consumer acceptance (r =− 0.018). Partial least square regression between mechanical parameters and consumer acceptance ratings showed which mechanical measurements have more influence on the determination of consumer acceptance of frozen-cooked rice. There were two positive instrumental indicators ‐ ratio of cracked kernel and stickiness ‐ and two negative ones ‐ breakdown of rapid viscometer analysis and hardness. These mechanical parameters can be used as primary indices to screen rice varieties for high quality frozencooked rice.


A method to hide certain quantum states in a superposition will be proposed. Such method can be used to increase the security of a communication channel. States represent an encrypted message will disappear during data exchange. This makes the message 100% safe under direct measurement by an eavesdropper. No entanglement sharing is required among the communicating parties.


The invention concerns a method and device for measuring the intracranial pressure in the skull of a test subject, at least two electrodes (1, 2) being fastened on the skull such that they are in electrical contact therewith. The time lapse of an electrical resistance and/or a capacitance between the two electrodes (1, 2) is/are produced as an electrical signal (p(t)) via a measuring arrangement (10). An extreme value of the electrical signal, which value follows a blood pressure maximum corresponding to a systole with a substantially constant delay, is determined as the first amplitude value. A second amplitude value is produced from the electrical signal (p(t)). This value is taken at the point where the electrical signal has either a maximum or a point of inflection the first time after the first amplitude value. A third amplitude value is produced from the electrical signal after the second amplitude value. A standardized pressure measured value is produced from the amplitude values for further use. This type of measurement enables the intracranial pressure of a test subject to be determined in a simple, rapid and economical manner and permits observation for a relatively long period of time without thereby causing stress to the test subject.


An inward air inlet type air tunnel air supply device comprises an air tunnel. A connector connected with a host is formed in the bottom of the air tunnel, an air inlet is formed in the inner wall of the air tunnel and connected with an inner cavity of the air tunnel, and an air inlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity of the air tunnel. An air ring is arranged in the center of the air tunnel, and a high-pressure air outlet is formed in one side of the air ring. An air supply pipe, penetrating the inner wall of the air tunnel, in an inner cavity of the air ring is connected with a high-speed motor and an impeller which are arranged in the host. According to the inward air inlet type air tunnel air supply device, the air inlet is formed in the inner wall of the air tunnel, and when the air inlet works, air sucked into the position near the inner wall of the air tunnel serves as inflow air, flowing of the air in the air tunnel is increased, and the air supply efficiency of the air tunnel is improved; the air outlet is formed in the air tunnel rather than the inner wall of the air tunnel, so that on the one hand, the area of the air inlet is increased, and the amount of the air entering the high-speed motor is increased; and on the other hand, the air outlet is formed in the air tunnel, therefore, the air in the center of the air tunnel can flow better, a part of air between the inner wall of the air tunnel and the air ring can be utilized, and the air supply efficiency is improved.


To remedy the discontinuity phenomenon existing in the infinity-norm velocity minimization (INVM) scheme, prevent the occurrence of high joint velocity, and decrease the joint-angle drift of redundant robot manipulators, a new type of tricriteria optimization-coordination-motion (TCOCM) scheme is proposed and investigated for dual-redundant-robot manipulators to track complex end-effector paths. Besides, the proposed scheme considers joint physical constraints (i.e., joint-angle limits and joint-velocity limits) and guarantees the joint velocity to approach zero at the end of tasks. Such a new-type TCOCM scheme combines the minimum velocity norm (MVN), repetitive motion planning (RMP), and INVM solutions via two weighting factor, and thus is termed MVN-RMP-INVM-TCOCM scheme. The proposed scheme consists of two subschemes, i.e., subscheme for the left robot manipulator and subscheme for the right robot manipulator. To control the dual arms simultaneously and collaboratively, two subschemes are reformulated as two general quadratic programming (QP) problems and further unified into one QP formulation. The unified QP problem is then solved by a simplified linear-variational-inequalities-based primal–dual neural network solver. Computer simulation results based on dual PUMA560 robot manipulators are illustrated to substantiate the advantage, efficacy, and applicability of the proposed MVN-RMP-INVM-TCOCM scheme to resolve the redundancy of dual-robot manipulators.


Implementation of the"Nutrition Menu"in catering industry can make abstract concepts of nutrients visually reflected in each dish,favor protection of consumer's right to know information on food nutrition,help consumers choose dishes more wisely when they eat out. It has positive realistic significance for promoting a balanced diet and preventing obesity,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,diabetes and other chronic diseases caused by excess nutrients. At the same time,it can direct the catering enterprises onto a healthy way. It is necessary and feasible for brand catering enterprises to lead in nutrition menu in the industry and it boosts the promotion and popularization of nutrition menu in future's beverage industry through demonstration,leading,radiation effects.


Interest in the distribution of black carbon (soot) aerosol (BCA) in the atmosphere is warranted for the following reasons: (1) BCA has the highest absorption cross section of any compound known, thus it can absorb solar radiation to cause atmospheric warming; (2) BCA is a strong adsorber of gases, thus it can catalyze heterogeneous chemical reactions to modify the chemical composition of the atmosphere; (3) If aircraft emission is the major source of atmospheric BCA, it can serve as an atmospheric tracer of aircraft exhaust. We collect BCA particles greater than or equal to 0.02 micrometer diameter by wires mounted on both the DC-8 and ER-2 aircraft. After return to the laboratory, the wires are examined with a field emission scanning electron microscope to identify BCA particles by their characteristic morphology. Typically, BCA exists in the atmosphere as small particles of complex morphology. The particle sizes at the source are measured in tens of Angstrom units; after a short residence time in the atmosphere, individual particles coalesce to loosely packed agglomerates of typical dimensions 0.01 to 0.1 micrometer. We approximate the size of each BCA aggregate by that of a sphere of equivalent volume. This is done by computing the volume of a sphere whose diameter is the mean between averaged minimum and maximum dimensions of the BCA particle. While this procedure probably underestimates the actual surface area, it permits us to compare BCA size distributions among themselves and with other types of aerosols. When statistically justified, we fit lognormal distributions to the data points to determine number concentrations, geometric mean radii, standard deviations, BCA surface areas and volumes. Results to date permit the following conclusions: (1) BCA concentration in the northern stratosphere averages 0.6 ng per cubic meters. This amount is one part in 10(exp 4) after a volcanic eruption (e.g., Pinatubo) increasing to about one percent during volcanic quiescence. In the northern troposphere, BCA concentration averages 3.2 ng per cubic meters, or 0.3 percent of the background aerosol. (2) Applying an BCA emission index EI(BCA)=5 x 10(exp -5), measured in the exhaust wake of a Concorde supersonic jet aircraft, to realistic estimates of fuel burnt by the current and projected fleets permits us to conclude that: (i) Most BCA in the northern stratosphere results from aircraft emissions; (ii) Most BCA in the northern troposphere results from other sources than aircraft; (iii) A projected supersonic fleet will increase the northern stratospheric BCA concentration by one order of magnitude, unless the emission index is substantially reduced. (3) A strong gradient between the northern and southern hemispheres indicates that mixing across the equator is greatly inhibited in relation to atmospheric residence times of BCA. (4) The single scatter albedo of BCA/"background" aerosol mixtures suggests a cooling effect for most of the globe; an exemption is the Arctic because of the high surface albedo of the snow/ice covered earth's surface.


This article is based on previously unpublished sources, mainly the archival materials of the Party Control Commission of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). I argue that luxury can be seen as a phenomenon constructed by the Soviet social and political hierarchy during the 1940s and 1950s. An examination of everyday practices and patterns of consumption of luxury goods (food, clothing, interior furnishings, etc.) indicates that the Soviet elite (nomenklatura) sought to emulate a notional "middle-class" lifestyle. The distribution of so-called "trophy items" imported from East Germany to the Soviet Union caused friction within the party administration and sowed discontent within Soviet society as a whole. The dual policy of the CPSU on the issue of financial security of its members revealed its uncertainty about the state of "permitted" and "unauthorized" luxury.


The decision to do a master's degree in Buenos Aires, Argentina, was born from a vacation I took to the city in early 2012. On this trip I was struck by the clear absence of phenotypically black people in the streets. Where are the Afro-Argentines? What is the history of that population in Buenos Aires? These questions haunted me the entire trip. Due to this persistent curiosity, the following year I enrolled in a masters program at the University of Buenos Aires- UBA to begin to investigate this question. It was not easy to develop a thesis on the subject of "Afrodescendants" in Argentina. The amount of academic work is still scarce, and most of it has been done by white researchers. For this reason, I decided to investigate black history from the stories and perspectives of the black people themselves, while also considering my own experience in a double role of researcher and activist.


BACKGROUND The demand for facial plastic surgery has dramatically been increased in recent years. Over the last decade, numerous methods have been improved for facelift surgery. Despite these modifications, skin excision technique has not changed significantly. In this study, authors have tried to introduce a new technique regarding skin excision at the initial step of facelift surgery. METHODS A prospective study from 2012 to 2017 on 52 patients was carried out to apply a new technique for facelift ''Prefabricated skin excision method'' for all eligible patients undergoing facelift surgery. The skin calling for excision was marked by the surgeon, and then, an analgesic drug was administered. Then, excision of the marked part of the skin was performed and afterward the dissection of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) was performed with the direct exposure. RESULTS All patients were female, and 50 (96.1%) cases were primary face lift and 2 (3.9%) cases were secondary. There were no complications among the patients. CONCLUSION Facilitating the manipulation of deep layer, using this technique led to the further exposure of the surgical site, and more preferable hemostasis was achieved as well.


Aboriginal people have exploited European and Asian cattle as a food resource since the introduction of these animals to Australia. Butchering techniques are usually simple and efficient and involve minimum disarticulation of the carcass or artefactual damage to bones. Subsequent residues often show little or no direct evidence of being a product of human activity. Similar 'optimum butchering' strategies may well have applied to the butchering of extinct Australian megafauna, particularly the Diprotodontidae , and would provide one explanation for the inconclusive evidence for human exploitation of megafauna. This paper comments on the Aboriginal hunting and butchering of cattle for non-commercial use. The descriptions provided are derived, firstly, from field observations over several years of Aboriginal hunting and the butchering of two buffalo and nine European cattle from several spatially separate regions of northern Australia; secondly, from interviews with Aboriginal informants; and, thirdly, from discussions with other field researchers. This description relies on qualitative data. Observations of hunting and butchering events were usually fortuitous, occurring in the course of other work, and collection of more detailed data suitable for quantitative analysis was simply not possible. Therefore, rather than describe the specifics of the limited number of observations, the observation and interview data have been combined to provide a summary of the general strategy. It is hoped that these notes will stimulate discussion, firstly, about the status of cattle in Aboriginal social and economic life and, secondly, about exploitive models applicable to certain species of Australian megafauna. Â


Among the 101 heirs of Wen Yuan and Wen Yi,the mew and old literature books in Tang dynasty,the scholars only hold a slightly higher status than natural scientists,hermits,undefiled women,southern nationalities,and unfilial officials.But eight scholars of Changan all have held offices in the government in Tang dynasty,though they failed to be illustrious.And they are regarded as the "literature idlers" because of their poor cultural accomplishments and insufficient achievements.Anyway,they build a literature atmosphere with the regional characteristic of Changan.


As a special labor relationship expands due to the changes in industrial structure and the flexibility of the labor market, there occurs an area of issue which is hard to solve by the traditional interpretation. Since 1990, whether or not the nature of employee of newsman, tutor of study magazines, ...


In the midst of the renaissance in the teaching of writing, one area that has proved problematic is that of arrangement, one of the five major divisions of classical rhetoric and a term commonly understood today to refer to the organization and structure of nonfictional prose. Richard Haswell, in a 1986 article on essay organization, deplores the lack of productive work in this area, noting that "basic information seems called for" (402). In this regard, he is in accord with Richard Larson, who, in his comprehensive updated survey of scholarship on form and structure, observes that, despite "some enrichment" in the last decade, fundamental issues "have been dealt with slightly, hesitantly, or not at all" (82). Both Haswell and Larson reaffirm Frank D'Angelo's earlier statement that "we know very little about order in composition" (Conceptual 55). Certainly some useful scholarship on the pedagogy of arrangement has appeared in the last ten years or so, including Haswell's article and work by Coe, Enos, Hartwell, Knoblauch and Brannon, Podis, and Selzer. Additionally, today's process-oriented textbooks generally attempt to present some theoretically informed advice to students on organizing and arranging their writing. Such approaches have succeeded in providing a desirable supplement to the traditional "patterns of development" approach. One area particularly deserving of more attention, we believe, is that of rhetorically-based schemes of arrangement. Whether arrangement patterns are labeled according to some inherent textual property (e.g., the familiar "general to specific" order) or according to a predominantly situational property (e.g., the well-known "order by importance" pattern or Edward Corbett's "familiar to unfamiliar" scheme [59-601), they can ultimately be considered from a rhetorical standpoint. In-


An international working group of experts in myelodysplastic syndromes proposed the recognition of the SF3B1 variant as a distinct nosologic entity based on the presence of a non-inheritable genetic mutation that causes the disease.


Karate is now a popular participant pastime in Great Britain and with the governing bodies attempting to gain Olympic recognition for the sport it is important that adequate medical cover be available for competitors. It has already been shown that there is a relatively high incidence of injury in competition (McLatchie 1976) and that this can also be prevented to some degree (McLatchie 1977). It is, therefore, recommended that a doctor, preferably one interested in sports medicine, be in attendance at karate competitions. Further it is also possible to have in attendance a representative from Red Cross, St. John or St. Andrew Ambulance service, provided these excellent voluntary bodies are given prior notice.


This document is the result of a survey asking people to detail their advanced usages of X.500. It is intended to show how various organizations are using X.500 in ways which extend the view of X.500 as a "White Pages" service. This RFC is a product of the Integrated Directory Services Working Group of the Application and User Services Areas of the IETF.


According to the vertical coordinate theory in MM5 model,the atmospheric static equation was applied to the whole atmosphere.With the isothermal atmosphere assumption,i.e.,the atmospheric temperature between two neighboring σ layers is isothermal,the height of σ layer was solved.And wind field data at different hub-heights(height-above-ground) were acquired based on MM5.The results were proved to be reliable by comparing with the results of common method.It provided an alternative,simple,convenient method for obtaining wind field data at hub-height from MM5 results.


The utility model relates to a broken rock and unconsolidated porosint infiltration testing additional equipment matched with the MTS815 and the MTS816 series of rock mechanics testing systems, consisting of a piston (1), a cylinder (2), a filter pad (3), a perforated plate (4) and a junction panel (5). The equipment is arranged in an axial loading apparatus of the rock mechanics testing system and can carry out the transient-state and the steady-state permeation tests of broken rocks and unconsolidated porosint, and can do compression tests of the materials; hereby the functions of the rock mechanics testing system can be expanded.


This paper describes techniques, based on the extraction of geometric features, for facilitating the visualization and interactive manipulation of the typically very large and dense three-dimensional unstructured grids used in aerodynamics calculations. We discuss the difficulties that scientists currently face in efficiently and effectively displaying these meshes and propose methods for using geometric feature lines to clearly and concisely indicate the essential structural detail of the model while eliminating much of the unnecessary visual clutter. We describe the perceptual importance of specific viewpoint-dependent and view-independent features, discuss the practical implementation of simple but effective algorithms for identifying these features (taking into consideration both local and global criteria), and demonstrate the performance of each proposed technique on various types of data sets.