Basic problems related to crystals growing and material science of rare-earth scandium garnets (RESG) are considered from the point of view of their applications in solid-state lasers. Special concern is dedicated to solid solutions of scandium garnets combining positive qualities of both aluminum and gallium RESG. The role of chromium impurity in garnets, which has great and versatile influence on the growth of crystals as well as on their physical properties and lasing characteristics, is discussed. Mechanical, thermophysical, optical, spectroscopical, and other properties of rare-earth scandium garnets are considered.


A three-dimensional conceptual model for health promotion interventions to prevent adolescent drug abuse is elaborated. The model is based on an analysis of the concept of health into four domains—physical, psychological, social, and personal; an analysis of intervention approaches to change behavior into two major strategies—introducing/strengthening health-enhancing be havior, and weakening/eliminating health-compromising behavior; and an analysis of the foci of interventions into three levels—environmental, personality, and behavior. Components of a specific health promotion program, the Minnesota Heart Health Program, that are designed to prevent adolescent drug abuse are described. These include health behavior campaigns, edu cational interventions, and community organization. The theoretical content of the components is shown to be linked logically to the health promotion model.


Electroporation phenomenon is the basis for a number of biomedical techniques. High level electroporation, in the irreversible form, has been clinically demonstrated for treatment of solid tumors. There are few experimental available systems capable of generating at the same time the required pulse shaping, power, voltage and output impedance characteristic. In contrast power pulse generators have been a subject of study for many years applied to other fields. Nevertheless there are a few references on high voltage pulse generation oriented to electroporation and even fewer applied to clinical electroporation. This paper examines the differential characteristics of the pulse generators that would fit in an electroporation application. A detailed review and groping of power converter topologies applied to power pulse generation is incorporated. The more relevant topologies for power pulse generation, which would be suitable for clinical electroporation, are analyzed. The advantages and drawbacks of those types are highlighted from the point of view of this application. As result the discussion includes a number of conclusions about the most interesting topologies for future developments in this application.


We study the recurrence coefficients of the orthogonal polynomials with respect to a semi-classical extension of the Krawtchouk weight. We derive a coupled discrete system for these coefficients and show that they satisfy the fifth Painlevé equation when viewed as functions of one of the parameters in the weight.


An 84-year-old female was referred to our hospital on May 8, 2011. She was bitten by a pet dog left behind by her neighbor, who had evacuated after the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in March, 2011 (1). A skin examination of her left hand revealed wide lacerations with tissue tearing (Picture 1, 2). After irrigation and suturing, she was treated with antibiotics. We withheld further vaccinations because Japan is rabies-free. An increased incidence of animal bites has been observed after natural disasters (2). The Fukushima nuclear accident resulted in an increased number of abandoned pets in the evacuation zones, which has led to unfavorable behaviors by such animals. Animal bites can cause serious systemic diseases such as cellulitis, and can transmit zoonotic infections. Local residents and medical providers should be made aware of the increased potential for animal bites, and abandoned pets should therefore be carefully monitored for any aggressive behaviors, such as poor obedience and excitability.


Abstract Background Since COVID-19 vaccination was introduced, various adverse effects have been linked to the vaccines. In patients with hypopituitarism, adrenal insufficiency due to the side reactions including fever of COVID-19 vaccination is concerned. Clinical Case A 33-year woman was on medical therapy including hydrocortisone (HC) for panhypopituitarism arising from surgical treatment of a pituitary adenoma in 2006. She received a COVID-19 vaccination on day X-3. On day X-2, she developed fever in the morning and became unconscious in the evening. She was brought to our hospital by her family at night on day X. She had fever of 40.5°C, low blood pressure, and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 11. Her neck was supple and she had no quadriplegia. A COVID-19 PCR test was negative. Blood tests showed elevated white blood cell count (8900/μL; reference range: 3300–8600/µL) and C-reactive protein (138.3 mg/l; reference range: 0-1.44 mg/l). Blood glucose (81 mg/dL), ACTH (<3. 00 pg/mL; reference range: 7.2–63.3 pg/mL), and cortisol (1.9 μg/dL; reference range: 2.9–19.4 µg/dL) were low. Serum electrolytes were normal. A computed tomography scan showed no abnormality. Adrenal insufficiency was suspected, and she received HC intravenously. Her blood glucose and blood pressure increased, but her disorientation persisted. Lumbar puncture with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination revealed slightly elevated cell counts (8 μ/L; reference range ≤4 μ/L) with average protein and glucose levels. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed abnormal hyperintensity in the splenium of the corpus callosum on diffusion-weighted images and decreased apparent diffusion coefficient in the lesion, suggesting clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS). During her hospital stay, she received a 7-day course of meropenem and acyclovir for suspected meningoencephalitis. Her consciousness disturbance improved to GCS of 15 on day X+1 and her fever decreased on day X+2. HSV and VZV PCR tests were negative on CSF examination, and antibiotics and antivirals were discontinued on day X+7. On day X+8, brain MRI showed complete resolution of the corpus callosum lesion. She discharged on day X+18 without any neurological sequelae. Conclusions For most vaccines, the incidence rates of encephalitis are low at 0.1–0.2 per 100,000 vaccinated individuals (1). The present patient developed fever and adrenal insufficiency after COVID-19 vaccination, and her prolonged disturbance of consciousness after HC administration led to the diagnosis of MERS. MERS should be considered in patients with adrenocortical insufficiency who show delayed recovery from unconsciousness with HC administration after COVID-19 vaccination. Reference: (1) Huynh W, Cordato DJ, Kehdi E, Masters LT, Dedousis C. Post-vaccination encephalomyelitis: literature review and illustrative case. J Clin Neurosci. 2008 Dec;15(12): 1315-22. Presentation: No date and time listed


The background for the emulsion chamber project is reviewed, and the chamber is described. Experiments to measure the transverse momenta in high- energy jets are described. Future plans of the nuclear emulsion group are discussed. (W.D.M.)


Black Lives Matter (BLM) has arisen as a social movement in response to the numerous killings of unarmed African Americans. It has been criticized by some as too confrontational and divisive. The purpose of this study is to undertake a comparative analysis of the BLM Movement and the civil rights movement (1954-1965). As social movements, both have evolved out of the need to continue the Black liberation struggle for freedom. I have conducted a content analysis of the New York Times newspaper during a 2-year period for both social movements to examine the issue framing of each. I argue that the civil rights movement framed its issues in a more inclusive manner than BLM. BLM should take a lesson from the civil rights movement by boldly taking on an issue like police brutality of African Americans and expanding the boundaries of something that is politically unacceptable to being acceptable.


A method of generating circuits in an optical network is Optical Multiple Protocol Lamda Switching (OMP?S). For OMPλS, the wavelength of the optical carrier is used as an out-of-band label to route data through the network without requiring periodic conversion to the electrical state. Presented is a method of adding a second dimension of optical encoding, as an out-of-band label, to be used for routing data through a label-switched network. Combining wavelength and code multiplexing techniques generates an O3 circuit-switched network with a data capacity of up to 5.7 Tb/s on each point-to-point link in the network. The proposed architecture uses two stages to process and map labels for each bit transmitted through the network. The architecture for the Dual Stage Optical Label Switch (DSOLS) is presented.


Following DEH technique,applied to domestic manufactured generating sets,getting mature,new requirements on control systems of by-passes(BPC) are voiced by power plants.By providing a redundant container and also an abundant flow volume of fire resistant oil,the design of hydraulic systems of by-passes integrated with DEH is warranted.Exemplified by Shandong Weifang Power Plant's case,the main points,considered during retrofit,are briefly described.


A method of operating a vehicle having an electric traction drive and at least one rechargeable and replaceable electric power unit, wherein the electric drive system driving electric power is supplied from the electric power unit and wherein the electric power unit is recharged or replaced at a low state of charge.


For some time now, London-based ceramic sculptor Claire Partington has been examining the intersections between historical English and continental ceramic figures and the empires that loved them. With an early apprenticeship in the stacks at the Victoria and Albert Museum and elsewhere, Partington sites her mock-Meissen/Staffordshire/Sevres beings within porcelain-world pilgrimage sites such as Musee Ariana in Geneva; the d'Ursel and Gaasbeek castles in Belgium; the Bernardaud (china factory) Foundation in Limoges and, recently in her North American debut, at Seattle Art Museum and nearby Winston Wachter Gallery.


Through comparing coefficient of performance(COP) of three kinds of heat pump heating systems,the COP of solar heat pump heating system was 13.7 percent higher than that of air source heat pump heating system.Applying experimental analysis and theoretical reck-on,the compressor electric efficiency submitted linearity drop law along with compression ratio raise,which directly resulted in coefficient of water heater performance(COP) of Dual Heat Source Heat Pump System lower.When the temperature of hot water exceeded over,COP value is even less than 1.0.Through fitting heating experimental data,two mathematic models were obtained which embodied heating performance advantage and disadvantage.Experiment and models indicated that when the inlet water temperature of evaporator was about 28 ℃,the heating COP was the maximum and while the inlet water temperature of evaporator was lower or higher than that value,COP would fall.Through non-reversible analysis of water heater and heating,it was found that when compressor compression ratio e was 3.4,the system still ran near reversible process,that meant system run best.The departure of compression ratio to that value would result in non-reversible loss raise.


We present a fully reconfigurable optical filter built by cascading four identical unit cells. The devices are fabricated using two distinct methods: a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible process utilizes deep ultraviolet (DUV) lithography with tuning elements defined by ion implantation to make lateral p-i-n diodes for current injection regions, while an electron beam (E-beam) lithography process uses nickel chrome (NiCr) heaters as tuning elements. The fabricated devices are characterized using swept optical vector network analyzer (OVNA) coherent measurements.


In this work, an approximate procedure for the fast evaluation of modal voltages and currents induced at the terminations of non-ideal differential interconnects is proposed. The procedure is exploited in combination with Monte Carlo simulations, in order to efficiently obtain statistical estimates of undesired common mode voltages and currents arising from asymmetries and non-uniformities introduced by the manufacturing process. Compared to the standard solution method, the proposed procedure allows a significant reduction of computational times, while retaining the same prediction accuracy.


culty of articulation; the patient's talk is harder to be understood than that of a patient who has much obvious paralysis of the tongue, face, and palate on one side, and of one vocal cord from disease of the medulla oblongata. Be the explanation what it may, the facts are so. * The difficulty of articulation in cases of disease of the medulla oblongata is a " thick" drunken-like talk; the articulation wlhich is called ataxic is a sort of gabble. But there is an exceptioinal statement to be made ; there is a thick, drunken-like talk with hemiplegia in cases of lesion of both sides of the brain. Let me explain. A patient has hemiplegia of the right side and gets wvell, talking well ; he has next hemiplegia of the left side, and his talk is thick. This is because there is really a bilateral lesion ; there is a recent one in the right motor tract to cause the left hemiplegia, and there is an old one in the left motor tract which caused the right hemiplegia. There is often, in these cases, some difficulty in swallowinig, too. Later oni, wlheni speaking of Broadbent's hypothesis, I shall showv you how it is that this thick speecl occurs from a lesion of both motor tracts. The ataxy of articulation without obvious, or wvith. insigniificant. paralysis of the articulatory muscles wvill remindi you of Duchenne's ataxy of locomotion without obvious paralysis of the locomotor organs. They are both "'disorders of co-ordination". But to give this name to them is not to explain them, or it is an explanation which is simply verbal, and really explains nothing at all.+ I shall have more to say of articulatory ataxy when I come to consider defects of speech. Now wve come to something puzzling. I told you that the lingCual palsy, in cases of hemiplegia, was very little. But our hemiplegic patient could not put out his tongue when he tried, and thus it miight seem that, in this case, the organ was perfectly paralysed. Nevertheless, there was really no such absolute paralysis as there seemed to be. The tongue moved quite well in such automatic or partly automatic processes as eatinig and swallowing. This state of thinigs is frequently founid in cases of loss of speech (aphasia). Now bear in mind that the inability is not to be explained away by saying that the patient does niot understand what is asked of him. He opens his mouth, anld, inideed, may move his tongue about in his mouth, drawing it back, for inistance ; he will even put his fingers in his mouth to get it out. After failure to protrude his tongue, by effort, he may put it out, to use a vulgarism, in a " promiscuous manner", as, for example, to catch a stray crumb. We may get it out now and then by a trick. Mr. Louis MIackenzie slho ed me that one of my aphasic patients, who cculd not put out her toin(gue when we asked her, would put it out to lick her lips after takinig a drinik. Speechless patients have occasional difficulty inl doing other things they try to do when told, as you will find to your trouble in some patients when, whilst using the ophthalmoscope, you tell them to look in certain directions. It would have been a gigantic blunider to put down our patient's inability to talk to palsy of the tongue-to mistake loss of speech for loss of power to move the tongue. A careless investigator might do this in a case of tenmporaiy loss of power to talk, wTith hemiplegia, as, for example, in a case of temporary loss of speech after a convulsion. A patient may lose speech wholly or partly for only an hour or two, or even for a shorter time, after some convulsive seizur-es (right-si(le(l). There is an "epileptic aphasia" as well as an "epileptic hemiplegia". If, as is likely, the patient could not then put out his tongue, you might, were you not warned, be deceived; you might suppose the affectioln of speech wvas owing to lingual paralysis. Let me show you further how you may discover that the tongue is really not paralysed in cases of loss of speech. Observe that although the rest of the palsy (face, arm, and leg) is on one side, the tongue, as in our patient, " pretends" to be paralysed on both sides. Again, in nearly all cases '-which. we call loss of speech, there is power to utter some word or wor(ds, if not to use those words in speech; occasionally it is a jargon only. Our patient couldI utter the -words ''yes" and " no" quite well, and he could niot have done so had his tongue been as much paralysed on both sides as, so to speak, it pretenledl to be. But in a few cases of loss of speech, sooni after the attack the patient is unable to utter any word, syllable, or jargon, andl then this kinid of test would not apply. I have had a patienlt un(ler my care recently who has been speechless twelve mioniths wlho caniniot uitter any word or syllable; however, he makes a noise, -which is possibly an indistinct " aye" or " oh". 'We find, however, that the patient who cannot put out his tongue has the use of that organ, and of his lips andi palate in all other processes than speech. The patient who cannot speak because his brain is diseased can swallow well, but the patient who cannot talk7 becauise his tongue is paralysed cannot sw-allow well. There is from swallowing a very obvious difference. We are constantly swallowing our saliva; the patient vhose tolngue is paralysecl cannot (1o this, hence he carries his pocket-han(lkcrcbief in his hand, because his saliva dribbles.* Therc is still anotlher test-viz., that the patient -,'ho is unable to talk, simply because he cannot move the muscles of articuilation from actual palsy of them, can wrrite, i.e., cani express himself in writing. In short, such a man cant speak, for we must speak internally before wve write. But the patient who is properly called speechless has, I consider, neitlher external nor internal speech * obviously, he cannot talk aloud; he never does; but he canniot speak anyhow, not even to himself, or he would write -what he speaks to himself. The speechless man may sign his name ; he may also copy writing. There is no reason why he should not, as this does not require speech. He cannot read what he has copied. Our patient had never learned to write, an(l thus this test was inapplicable in his case. Let us put some of these diagnostic points together in another wvay. If you wvere told of a patient who could not "'talk", but who could sNvallowv well, and could not write, you would say, "This so-called inability to talk is really loss of speech from ldisease of the brain. If youl were toldI that a patient who could not speak, but could write wvell, and. yet could not swallow well, you would say that strictly his defect was not loss of speeclh, but loss af pVuer to move his articulatory organs. XYotu may diagnose such cases from a distance ; the patient carries his pocket-hanidlkcrclhief in one hand, and a small slate hangs from his button-hole. What are we to say of the tongue, which the patient cannot put out w-hen he tries hard to do so? He has lost the most voluntary or most special movements of it. This may appear to you simply repeatin.in technical phraseology that he caninot put it out when he tries. But at all events he has lost only some of the movements of it, its muscles serving well in other movements: he has lost the most special movements of it. We shall see that it illustrates a principle. There was, doubtless, in our patient slight actual paralysis of the tongue, such as in cases of hemiplegia, writhout loss of speech, causes (leviation on protrusion. Plainly, this could nlot be demonstrated, since he couldI not put hiis tongue out. The slight palsy, if it existed-as no doubt it clid-was drowned, so to speak, in the larger loss of voluntary powver over the wlhole organ. Whlien, as usually happens in cases of loss of speech, a patient becomes able to put out his tongue, we may see a slight deviation of it. So far, then, we have found that there is paresis of the face and tongue on their right sidle. These palsies, I repeat, are usually slight, and frequently transitory. [To be conttinued.]


background: more and more readers need to get electronic information by a convenient method from library. Objective: to study the SOA architecture in the important role of the library management, so as to promote the library can provide readers with more convenient services. Methods: based on SOA architecture itself property, principle, on the basis of describing in combination with the application of the architecture in the library management analyzes its usefulness. Research results: SOA architecture integration of library archives management can achieve different business archives management in the system data exchange, integration and sharing, effectively solve the problem of data integration and information island, has positive meaning for the library archives information integration.


In the last decades, contamination of surface water, groundwater, and coastal waters has emerged as an important environmental problem throughout Europe and North America by threatening ecosystems and drinking water quality (Pereira and Hostettler, 1993; Baker and Richards, 1990). Non-point source pollutants have been identified as the major cause of surface water impairment (Baker, 1992). The biggest contribution to non-point source contamination stems from agricultural activities such as tillage practices and animal waste management which liberate nitrate, nitrite, phosphorus, sodium, chloride, pesticides, and sediment through runoff from the fields (U.S. EPA, 1984). Large concentrations of herbicides are flushed from croplands in the midwestern United States and are transported through surface water as pulses in response to late spring and early summer rainfall (Thurman et al., 1991). These concentrations have been found to increase by an order of magnitude during spring runoff and then decrease to near pre-planting levels by harvest sampling (Thurman et al., 1991). Pereira and Hostettler (1993) state that the agricultural practices in the Mississippi River Basin have degraded the water quality of the Mississippi River and its tributaries. This leads to high levels of nutrients being flushed into the Gulf of Mexico, causing oxygen deficiencies in the ocean (Mitsch and Gosselink, 2000). Wetlands play a big role in the degradation of pesticides and nutrients from agricultural runoff (Mitsch and Gosselink, 2000). Scientists have proved significant degradation of herbicides in wetlands (Kadlec and Alvord, 1992; Aga et al., 1994; Novak et al., 1997; Seybold and Mersie, 1999) and, also, many studies have found that wetlands are excellent sinks for nitrate (Mitsch and Gosselink, 2000; Mitsch and Carmichael, 1997; Mitsch and Montgomery, 1998). Alachlor [2-chloro-2',6'-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide] is a a-chloroacetamide herbicide in the aniline family. It is widely used in both Europe and North America (Graham et al., 2000). Alachlor is also one of the most widely used pesticides in the midwest and is found throughout the watersheds of this region. It is used to control grasses and broadleaf weeds in several crops, especially corn and soybeans, and is known to have carcinogenic effects on laboratory animals (Holden et al., 1992; Nelson and Ross, 1998; EXTOXNET, 1996). Alachlor is mainly found dissolved in the water column and not sorbed to organic matter (WSSA, 1994). It is readily degraded in aquatic environments, microbial degradation being the most important factor in determining overall fate under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions (Stamper and Tuovinen, 1998; Sun et al., 1990). In a survey of 149 midwestern streams by Thurman et al. (1992), alachlor was detected in 86% of the samples. In another study, alachlor concentrations in northwestern Ohio rivers were found to be as high as 105 mg/l (Spawn et al., 1997). Alachlor is found in drinking water throughout the United States (Stamer, 1996; Holden et al., 1992; Baker and Richards, 1990). Concentrations exceeding the U.S. EPA drinking water maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 2 mg/L have been detected in several watersheds in the Midwest (Thurman et al., 1991; Baker, 1992). As alachlor have been found to show toxic behavior, it is therefore important to obtain a thorough understanding of the fate of this chemical following release into the environment. The purpose of this report was to measure concentrations of alachlor and nitrate in the inflow and outflow of the Olentangy River Wetland Research Park (ORWRP), to investigate if the wetland is able to degrade alachlor and to see if alachlor affects the denitrification. Previous related research at the ORWRP includes slight reductions in atrazine concentrations from inflow to outflow as recorded by Dilley et al. (1996). Mitsch and Montgomery (1998) found improved water quality and Mortensen et al. (1997) recorded a 10-20 % N-removal from inflow to outflow in the wetlands.


In the area of transport infrastructure risks, infrastructure is inspected for safety. It is an element of transport safety management based on risk management and forms part of preventative activities and measures. As regards tram infrastructure which is a component of urban transport infrastructure, there are potential collisions with cars, cyclists and pedestrians. Data from Gdansk Buses and Trams (GAiT) shows that between 2012 and 2016 on average there were about 650 incidents involving trams (collisions and accidents). The objective of inspection will be to identify sources of hazards which may lead to tram accidents or indirectly when tram infrastructure may contribute to accidents not involving trams. The objective of the work is to identify the risks to urban public transport operation with a special focus on trams and to formulate recommendations on how to improve its quality and safety.


The study of nonlinear gas transport in rarefied condition or associated with the microscale length of the geometry has emerged as an interesting topic in recent years. Along with the DSMC method, several fluid dynamic models that come under the general category of the moment method or the Chapman-Enskog method have been used for this type of problem. In the present study, on the basis of Eu`s generalized hydrodynamics, computational models for diatomic gases are developed. The rotational nonequilibrium effect is included by introducing excess normal stress associated with the bulk viscosity of the gas. The new models are applied to study the one-dimensional shock structure and the multi-dimensional rarefied hypersonic flow about a blunt body. The results indicate that the bulk viscosity plays a considerable role in fundamental flow problems such as the shock structure and shear flow. An excellent agreement with experiment is observed for the inverse shock density thickness.


Wage and price setting in advanced economies is well documented in the literature, but little work has been done on this topic for the emerging market economies. The aim of this paper is to start filling this gap by discussing how central banks in emerging market economies (EMEs) take account of wage inflation, productivity and some structural characteristics of their economies in analysing inflation.


This study explored the public reactions of society to a post on TikTok created by Nessa May. In this video, Nessa May confidently shows her body, which does not fit the stereotypical beauty standards of society. She explains to viewers that it is okay not to fit beauty standards and to have a body type similar to her own. A content analysis of the 100 most recent comments reacting to Nessa May's video identified five main themes including: love, thankfulness, emotions (happiness), beauty, and insecurities. The predominant theme seen was that of love towards Nessa May herself, as well as self-love and increased confidence in the commenters themselves (this made up 35% of all comments). Overall findings showed both support for the body-positive post, as well as an emphasis on the effect normative beauty standards have on women.


A plural society is a special feature of a country that has been colonized. This plurality is parallel to the racial and religious differences. In addition, it is also related to the cultural differences, residential segregation, dissimilar nature of work etc. Nowadays, the gap between the races has been reduced as a result of greater unity campaigns organized by the government. Consequently there has been interaction and cooperation between ethnic groups in Malaysia. With the introduction of new practices within the society, particularly the "open house" during festival seasons, the space for social contact between cultures-religions is flourishing. However, there are various conflicts between ethnic groups that could threaten the harmonious circumstances within the Malaysian society. Thus, this article attempts to elaborate upon the plurality of customs, its establishment through certain practices, especially "open house", and its relevance in boosting national integration.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To diagnose the presence or absence of abnormality of a rotating equipment without the help of a skilled expert by extracting a shape vector, and utilizing it to exercise the summation value of a neural network. SOLUTION: A vibration signal processing part 120 receives the vibration signal of a rotating equipment from an acceleration sensor. The analog speed signal and acceleration signal after signal processing of the inputted vibration signal are converted into digital signals, and supplied to a spectrum generating part 100. The generating part 100 performs high speed Fourier transform to determine the power spectra of the speed signal and the acceleration signal. The shape vector extraction from the power spectra is executed by a shape vector extracting part 110. The shape vector determined from the vibration signal of the rotating equipment is used as the input of a neural network 140 in order to exercise the summation value of a reverse radio neural network. The shape vector extracted from the vibration signal is applied to the input of the network 140, whereby the abnormality of the rotating equipment can be diagnosed. COPYRIGHT: (C)1996,JPO


Dayal (1996) has proposed that a question presupposes that it has a most informative true answer. In this paper I argue that the reason for the unacceptability of negative manner questions is that this requirement can never be met in the case of these questions. This is because the domain of manners contains atoms that are not independent from each other: contraries. Therefore the truth of an (atomic) proposition in the Hamblin denotation of such questions has consequences for the truth of other atomic propositions. This state of affairs in the case of negative questions results in a situation in which it is not possible to select a maximal answer.


Timber development association chief executive Andrew Dunn explores the conditions that affect the likelihood of termite attack on a building and what information is available for the successful design, and long service life, of a timber building.


The study was set to assess compliance of the Bindura local authority with legal instruments of inclusivity of people with physical disabilities. The following research objectives were adopted: to establish whether Bindura Municipality had strategies to approve development plans for public sanitary infrastructure; to ascertain availability of by-laws on inclusive provision of sanitary infrastructure in Bindura Municipality; to assess the inclusivity of sanitary infrastructure in schools; and, to seek the views of people with disabilities regarding accessibility of public toilets. The study adopted a mixed methodology. The method used was concurrent embedded method and qualitative methodology was dominant in this method. The descriptive survey design was used to collect data. Questionnaires, interviews, and observations were used to collect data. Population consisted of the local authority key stakeholders, persons with disabilities, parents and teachers of children with disabilities. The population of the study was conveniently and purposely selected. Maximal variation sampling was adopted by this study. Selected Bindura urban public toilets were used as study sites for gathering observation data. Although Zimbabwe has specific national instruments on equal participation of persons with disabilities in accessing public amenities, the study revealed that the Bindura Local Authority by-laws did not reflect these. Most toilets in Bindura urban were not accessible and inclusive of persons with physical disabilities The research recommended that the Bindura Municipality put in place specific institutions for monitoring inclusivity of public sanitary infrastructure. It should develop by-laws that specify inclusion of people with disabilities as well as align its by-laws with the legal instruments of inclusivity of the country. The local authority, in collaboration with the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education should put in place instruments that monitor accessibility of toilets in schools for pupils with disabilities


Henan Polytechnic University is an university with a hundred-year history. With the change of national systems,its educational philosophy also presents the sign of the times and unique characteristics in different historical stages,but its nature always contains the essence of traditional educational philosophy which guarantees Henan Polytechnic Universtiy develops along a correct course. By means of comprehensive data analysis,the present paper discusses its establishment and development of"My views",analyses its personality educational philosophy,sports educational philosophy and practice educational philosophy in detail respectively; the author points out that "My views"is ideal pursuit in compliance with the times and it is the developing base of the "spirit of love"educational philosophy.


A nutritional evaluation of refined, bleached and deodorised (RBD) palm oil and its fractionation
products, RBD palm olein and RBD palm stearin in terms of their digestibility, rate of absorption and
food efficiency in rats, shows that RBD palm olein is a better oil by these criteria than RBD palm stearin
and the unfractionated RBD palm oil. Nevertheless, the nutritional indices reported for RBD palm oil and
RBD palm stearin are well within the range reported for most cooking oils and fats. The digestibility and
food efficiency of RBD palm olein are comparable to that of soybean oil, being 97% and 98% respectively
of the values found for the latter oil, although the absorption rate of RED palm olein is 10% less than that
obtained for soybean oil.


The Nebraska Department of Roads in 1956 performed an experiment involving the use of hydrated l ime in the stabilization of plast ic so i l s , and in the upgrading of inferior base course mater ia l s . The experiment i n cluded a pre l iminary laboratory study and a f ie ld construction project . T h i s paper reports and summar izes the tests p e r formed on the various mater ia ls before and after adding hydrated l ime, and presents the resul ts of deflection measurements at hal f -year intervals s ince the construction of the f ie ld project .


This work presents a selection of over one hundred important works from the Tate Collection, from William Blake to Andy Warhol, selected by the British artist Avis Newman. The presentation of rarely-seen drawings by so many major artists will make fresh and startling connections between their work and give new insights into their creative processes.


Five novel compounds,3-substituted-4oxo-3H-imidazo[1,2,3,5]tetrazine-8-formic acid benzenesulfonyl 2,5-oxdiazole-2-oxide esters,were synthesized by Schotten-Baumann method from 3-substituted-4-oxo-3H-imidazo[1,2,3,5]tetrazine-8-carboxylic amide and benzenesulfonyfuroxan(benzensulfonicfuroxan).Their structures were characterized by 1H NMR,IR,MS and elemental analysis.


The present invention relates to the preparation process of Yangtao wine, which features fruit jam fermenting brewage needing no juice squeezing. Crushed Yangtao is fermented to 20-30 deg.C for 5-7 days to produce the Yangtao wine. The preparation process has no damage to the color anjd nutritious components of Yangtao while increasing wine scent. The preparation process is power saving and time saving.


In this study, drying behavior of viscose yarn bobbins was investigated experimentally to specify the optimum drying conditions and a drying model was proposed for simulation of drying. The experiments were conducted in a pressurized hot-air bobbin dryer, which was designed and manufactured based on the dryers used in the textile industry. Drying process was performed for various drying parameters: bobbin diameter, drying temperature, drying pressure, and volumetric flow rate of drying air. The results show that total drying time is strongly dependent on drying pressure, drying temperature, and volumetric flow rate and increase at these parameters shortens the drying time considerably. The results also show that the minimum energy consumption is for lower values of drying temperature and drying pressure and modest and higher values of volumetric flow rate. Simulation results show that the most appropriate model in describing the drying curves of viscose yarn bobbins is the stretched exponential model.


This research provides a novel framework to estimate the economic, environmental, and social values of electrifying public transit buses, for cities across the world, based on open-source data. Electric buses are a compelling candidate to replace diesel buses for the environmental and social benefits. However, the state-of-art models to evaluate the value of bus electrification are limited in applicability because they require granular and bespoke data on bus operation that can be difficult to procure. Our valuation tool uses General Transit Feed Specification, a standard data format used by transit agencies worldwide, to provide high-level guidance on developing a prioritization strategy for electrifying a bus fleet. We develop physics-informed machine learning models to evaluate the energy consumption, the carbon emissions, the health impacts, and the total cost of ownership for each transit route. We demonstrate the scalability of our tool with a case study of the bus lines in the Greater Boston and Milan metropolitan areas. the impact, and the total cost of ownership of electrifying public transit buses. We also briefly describe the software architecture for tool development.


more prosperous lives. This is a great achievement reflecting long-term progress in improving standards of living and health through individual endeavour and social investment. More people are living longer after the age of 50 and each generation expects more from the future than their parents and grandparents. But our attitude to ageing and our public services have not yet caught up with the changing aspirations of older citizens or with the projected changes in society for the next decade. Ageing is therefore wrongly seen as a threat rather than an extension of opportunities for individuals and society as a whole. Older age is something to celebrate not to fear. Although medicine has been successful in fulfilling the needs of ageing populations in the past, we nevertheless face major challenges. This multidisciplinary conference held jointly with the British Geriatrics Society discussed ways to equip people to deal with these challenges in a knowledgeable and informal way.


Overview SVM light is an implementation of Support Vector Machines (SVMs) in C. The main features of the program are the following: fast optimization algorithm working set selection based on steepest feasible descent "shrinking" heuristic caching of kernel evaluations use of folding in the linear case solves classification and regression problems. For multivariate and structured outputs use SVM struct. solves ranking problems (e. g. learning retrieval functions in STRIVER search engine). computes XiAlpha-estimates of the error rate, the precision, and the recall efficiently computes Leave-One-Out estimates of the error rate, the precision, and the recall includes algorithm for approximately training large transductive SVMs (TSVMs) (see also Spectral Graph Transducer) can train SVMs with cost models and example dependent costs allows restarts from specified vector of dual variables handles many thousands of support vectors handles several hundred-thousands of training examples supports standard kernel functions and lets you define your own uses sparse vector representation SVM struct : SVM learning for multivariate and structured outputs like trees, sequences, and sets (available here).


Single crystals of V6O13 Were grown by chemical vapour transport (CVT) and subsequently electrochemically lithiated. The title compound, trilithium hexavanadium tridecaoxide, was the phase formed during electrochemical lithiation at 2.45 V versus Li/Li+.


Purpose: Young individuals regularly consume a wide range of drinks with caffeine content. In this study, healthy young subjects' intraocular pressure (IOP) was evaluated in relation to energy drinks, tea,coffee and water. Methodology: A prospective longitudinal, multi-centered study was conducted from March 2022 to August 2022. Data was collected through non-probability consecutive sampling technique. A total of 100 subjects of both genders (male and female) age ranging between 15 to 30 years were included. A thorough ophthalmic examination was required for subjects to satisfy a set of study protocol, that included not suffering any ocular diseases, intraocular pressure of 10-20 mmHg, absence of systemic diseases. Exclusion criteria included patient who had undergone anterior and posterior segment ophthalmic surgeries. The participants were randomized into four groups at random. Each group comprises of 25 subjects. IOP was measured before as baseline and after 60 min of intake. SPSS was used for data analysis. Results: Out of 100 subjects 77 were female and 33 were male. The first group consumed tea, the second group coffee, the third group energy drinks, and the fourth group water. Baseline IOP on average in each group water, tea, coffee and energy drink intake was 15.58 ± 1.79, 15.49 ± 1.87, 15.23 ± 1.05, 15.68 ± 1.32 respectively. While IOP was 14.89±2.01, 15.01 ± 1.23, 15.67±1.98 and 16.01 ± 2.33 after 60 minutes of consuming water, tea, coffee, and energy drinks. IOP fluctuations between before and after consuming water, tea, coffee, and energy drinks were 0.69, 0.48, -0.75, and -1.29. Practical Implication: This study has important clinical implications since it may help people realise they should limit their intake of certain beverages in order to lower their intraocular pressure (IOP). No research on the impact of beverages on intraocular pressure (IOP) has been done in Pakistan, as far as we are aware. This led to the formulation of the current investigation. Conclusion: Two groups demonstrated an increase in IOP, whereas the IOP in the other two groups declined. Compared to tea consumption, which has a modest quantity of caffeine, consuming coffee and energy drinks raises intraocular pressure. This study suggested avoidance of coffee and energy drinks intake should be emphasized prior to IOP measurement to avoid any potential error. Keywords: intraocular pressure, beverages, energy drinks, tea, coffee, water


AbstractWater management and infrastructure design depend on quantifying thresholds in minimum flows. Decreasing trends in low flows have been observed at many stream gauges in the Southeast US; ho...


We consider a practical system design for a wireless video conference application, where we exploit the broadcast nature of wireless radio links using network coding. With network coding, the number of necessary downlink transmissions from the intermediate node to the two users is reduced, and thus the throughput is increased. We develop two systems, one based on amplify-and-forward and another on decode-and-forward technique, and compare them to traditional communication systems that do not use network coding. Our practical designs exploit the latest in 3-D wavelet-based scalable video coding and channel coding. Simulation results confirm the advantages of the proposed video communication schemes over conventional ones.


We show how a qubit can be fault-tolerantly encoded in the infinite-dimensional Hilbert space of an optical mode. The scheme is efficient and realizable with present technologies. In fact, it involves two travelling optical modes coupled by a cross-Kerr interaction, initially prepared in coherent states, one of which is much more intense than the other. At the exit of the Kerr medium, the weak mode is subject to a homodyne measurement and a quantum codeword is conditionally generated in the quantum fluctuations of the intense mode.


Jianghan road tourism business district (TBD) is an important commerical center in Wuhan, This paper chooses a crucial part of the Jianghan Road Tourism Business District, which is called commerical district of Wanda-Jiali as an object for the research and makes a deep study on it by the on-the-spot investigations, by relying on the core concept of Tourism Business District, it mainly analyzes the existing problems of this district from the perspectives of TBD's functions and tourist demands to find out the shortages on the planning of Jianghan Road Tourism Business District, and put forward some related planning suggestions for the development of Jianghan Road Tourism Business District.


— There is a trend to see ontologies not as one big specification of a certain domain but to see it as a network of interrelated units. This paper will propose an approach and a tool, which allows the user to navigate through a network of ontology documents. The user will be supported by two different presentation techniques (graphical visualization and verbalization). Furthermore, s/he will be provided with information about relevant (key) classes and with a textual summary report of the ontology. Apart from the visualization of specific OWL domain ontologies, s/he will also get support for the visualization of the ontology network in which a domain ontology specification is just a unit, which is related to other units. Hence, a tool is introduced, which allows to present ontologies in different ways.


This essay investigates the ideological and literary work of the women who took part and collaborated to the Italian avant-gard movement of Futurism. Futurism is usually known as misogynous and sexist and the disprezzo della donna was clearly stated by his founder Marinetti since the appearance of the manifesto of foundation. The disdain for the woman was included in the project of renovation and refusal of the Romantic tradition to rather embrace concepts of modernity, the beauty of speed, violence, technology and glorification of war. Even so, some women were attracted to the movement just by virtue of its scandalous and outrageous programme. Some of their ideas and works were in line with the futurist statements but some others aimed at a re-evaluation of the role of woman in society. As such, the 'other half' of Futurism seems to confront with the main tendencies of the movement and give that an even more contradictory and schizoid feature.


Although researchers agree that the information and communication technology affects the quality of learning, they don't share the same ideas when it comes to determining whether the quality of learning depends on and is influenced more by the traditional role of the teacher, the role of information and communication technology (ICT), or the combined influence of both. Then to what degree does the quality of learning reflect the role of teachers, ICT, or both of them? This study examines the teaching and learning process in schools in the Gjirokastra county. Its aim is to analyze two issues: 1) What is the level of teaching process in schools of these districts, and 2) If the observed level of teaching process is a result of the role of teachers, of the use of ICT, or of their combined influence. The analysis is conducted and tested using two models: The first model gives priority to the traditional role of the teacher, whereas the second model gives priority to the use of ICT. By using the parameters of the two models this study has arrived at three findings: 1) The quality of teaching process is of an average level; 2) The teacher-centered model is used more than the model that gives priority to ICT; 3) The level of teaching process in schools that give priority to the role of teachers is higher than in schools that possess ICT infrastructure and teaching materials. This study tries to argue that the variation in the quality of teaching process and the influence of teachers and ICT is accounted for by the use of ICT. However positively it may affect the quality of teaching process, the use of ICT remains limited in its influence if not combined with the teacher factor. Knowledge and skills of teachers in using ICT influence the role and impact ICT itself has on the teaching process. The teaching process is more qualitative when it is a result not only of the traditional role of teachers, but also of the effective use and integration of ICT. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n1p239


Objective To studay the clinicopathological characteristics and differential diagnosis of myofibrosarcoma. Methods The clinical representations,histopathological characteristics,treatment and outcome were studied with review of the literatures. Results A twelve-month-old girl had a mass which demonstrated myofibroblastic differentiation.The spindle-shaped tumour cells arranged in fascicles or showed a storiform growth pattern.The neoplastic cells had moderate nuclear atypia. Conclusion If cells of a malignant mesenchymal tumor show characteristic features of myofibroblasts by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry,this neoplasm should be classified as a myofibrosarcoma.The differential diagnosis includes the benign myofibroblastic tumour,solitary fibrous tumour,dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans,malignant fibrous histiocytoma,fibrosarcoma,leiomyosarcoma and malignant triton tumors.Clinically,local recurrences are common,whereas matastases seldom occur.The treatment is surgical excision.


An ultrasonic testing technique was employed to determine the volume fraction of alumina particulate reinforcement in 6061 aluminum matrix composites. This study was performed on various composites with Al 2 O 3 nominal volume fractions of 10, 15, and 20%. For comparison, other techniques were employed as well, including the Archimedes method, metallographic image analysis, X-ray diffraction, and acid dissolution. Observations indicated that ultrasonic testing and acid dissolution methods are more reliable than the other techniques, while ultrasonic testing is faster than the acid dissolution method. © Elsevier Science Inc., 1999. All rights reserved.


With the comprehensive development of cloud computing technology, more and more enterprises and individuals tend to outsource computing, data, and other resources to the cloud service providers to save the data management cost. Since the plaintext data outsourcing in the cloud could leak users' private information, it is highly recommended to encrypt them before outsourcing. However, it is a challenge to perform searches over encrypted cloud data. In this paper, we adopt the keyword grouping idea into the traditional inverted index and propose a keyword-grouping inverted index (KGI-index). Based on the index, we propose a privacy-preserving KGI-index based multi-keywords ranked search scheme (KMRS). To improve the search efficiency, we adopt two strategies including grouping high relevant keywords and using the complete binary tree structure to optimize the index. The security analysis and experimental result show that the proposed scheme is a privacy-preserving and efficient multi-keyword ranked search scheme over encrypted cloud data.


This paper examines the suggestion that established plaintiffs request preliminary injunctions to engage in predation against less financially healthy firms. We first present a model in which differences in litigation costs drive the use of preliminary injunctions in civil litigation. The hypothesis is tested using a sample of 252 patent suits, which allows us to characterize the litigating parties while controlling for the nature of the dispute. The evidence is consistent with the predation hypothesis. We then explore various implications of the model and the impact of policy reforms.


John Henderson (c1781-1835) was the first Manager of the Coal Division of the Australian Agricultural Co (1825-1835) in Newcastle NSW. He was responsible for the prospecting for and development of the first commercial coal mine in Australia, and the first railway from the pit-head to the Company wharf. During his time with the Company he encountered many difficulties due to the political, bureaucratic and commercial relationships between the London and NSW branches of both the Company and Government, but his technical expertise and results were given unreserved praise. The reports he made of the exploration results are valuable records of early Newcastle, and still used in 2015.


: Slicks are smooth surface areas that often appear in lakes due to various reasons. Ecological Engineering Laboratory (ECOL) acquires an extensive database of RGB images taken by a ground-based imagery system installed on the northern shore of Lake Geneva. An essential task for further research into the slick formation, morphology, and kinematics is their automated detection in a large corpus of taken images. We created a dataset of cropped, resized, and clean images from the raw data. We propose two approaches for solving this problem: image processing with basic machine learning models and a CNN-based image classifier. Random Forest Classifier achieved a categorical accuracy of 78.86%, while the Densenet121 architecture reached a categorical accuracy of 91.73% on the test set.


Positive stable laws have become a stan- dard tool in modelling heavy tailed data in such di- verse areas as finance, engineering and survival anal- ysis. Due to the non-existence of closed-form expres- sion for the corresponding densities, standard proce- dures for estimation of the parameters of positive sta- ble distributions appear to be computationally expen- sive. In this note we show that the first two moments of negative order provide a straightforward estimation procedure, in which the solution of the resulting equa- tions exists, and leads to unique moment estimates for the parameters involved. Simulations and application of this method on real data are also included. Key- words: stable distribution, moment estimation, heavy tails, skewness


Zimbabwe is in the grips of dictatorship and has become a corrupted, starving, bankrupt nation with pointless political killings. Mugabe is responsible for turning the country into a peasant society ruled by a rich elite and sales of luxury cars are booming even as the economy collapses.


Using newly-mandated disclosures, we show some fund managers retain a fraction of securities lending income by employing in-house lending agents. In a model with heterogeneous investors, we find this retention leads funds to "reach for lending fees" by overweighting high-fee stocks that endogenously underperform. We confirm our model's predictions empirically: active mutual funds we identify as fee retainers invest more in high-fee stocks and underperform relative to both non-retaining and non-lending funds. We also show fee retention can explain the negative relation between lending fees and future fee-inclusive stock returns.


The biological, physical, and chemical characteristics of beef cattle feedyard pen surfaces may affect nutrient transformations and losses to the atmosphere, ground water, or surface water. Feedyard pen surfaces can typically segregate into 3 or 4 layers. The purpose of this study was to determine if there were seasonal, within-pen location, days-on-feed, or urine effects on the chemical composition of the pen surface layers of feedyards. Samples were collected from 5 locations in 9 pens at 3 feedyards in each season and were analyzed for gravimetric water, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), nitrate + nitrite-N (NOx-N), ammonia + ammonium-N (NHx-N), N, C, and P. The percentage of water increased (P < 0.01) with depth among the manure layers and decreased in the soil. The pH of the manure layers increased with depth (P < 0.01) from approximately 7.6 to 8.2. The EC of the manure layers was greater (P < 0.01) than the EC of the soil layer, whereas the NOx-N concentration was greater (P < 0.01) in the soil layer. The NHx-N concentrations were lowest in the soil layer (P < 0.01). Total C and N concentrations decreased (P < 0.01) with sample depth. The composition of the layers was affected by season and location within the pen. Recent urine deposition did not affect the lower layers. The NHx-N concentration of the layers increased with days on feed. The differences in the chemical and physical properties of the layers in a feedlot pen may potentially affect nutrient losses to the atmosphere and to groundwater.


In this proceeding, we show diverse non Fourier effects that have been obtained with Molecular Dynamics simulations using silicon nanostructures and nanostructured materials. First, thermal rectification is observed in silicon nanowires with asymmetric amorphous shells. We then show that it is possible to design a pass band filter for phonons using a similar structure. Finally, phonon diffraction is obtained using two crystalline silicon blocks connected by silicon nanochannels.


In a recent publication we assessed the kinetics of intestinal colonization by microencapsulated probiotic bacteria in comparison with the same strains given in an uncoated form. It's well known, in fact, that microencapsulation of probiotics with specific materials is able to confer a significant resistance to gastric juice, thus protecting the cells during the gastric and duodenal transit and enhancing the probiotic efficacy of any supplementation. In any case, this was the first study reporting the fecal amounts of probiotics administered in a coated, protected form compared with traditional, uncoated ones. Here we discuss additional in vitro data of resistance of the same bacteria to gastric juice, human bile and pancreatic secretion and correlate them with the results of in vivo gut colonization. .


Objective To observe the effects of hemodiafiltration(HDF) on Serum amyloid A(SAA) in maintence hemodialysis patients and to investigate the role of HDF relieving the microinflammation state in patients with MHD.Methods Fifty patients with MHD were randomly divided into the HD group(treated with HD) and the HDFgroup(treated with HDF every two weekly in addition to HD).20 healthy subjects served as the control group.The patients' levels of serum hs-CRP、IL-6、SAA were detected 6 months later.Results 6 months later,the levels of hs-CRP、IL-6、SAA in HDF groups were significantly decreased compared with HD groups(P 0.01),the levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit were significantly increased compared with HD groups(P0.01).Conclusion There is a common microinflammation state in patients with maintence hemodialysis.HDF may eliminate the SAA,relieve the state of Microinflammation and effectly correct the anemia,thereby,reducing the occurrence of cardiovascular complications.


Naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) associated with monazite had its origin before the 20 th century. The volume and complexity of monazite NORM wastes increased as the industrial applications of monazite also increased. During and after the WWII the diversified uses of thorium turned monazite into an important commodity. At the end of the 20 th century the production of oil and gas from offshore platforms in continental shelves increased remarkably. Hundreds of millions of m 3 of produced water from the oil and gas industry, containing NORM wastes and other byproducts, are discharged into the oceans every year. E&P processes mobilize the natural occurring radio-nuclides extant in the oil and gas reservoirs. A wide range of concentrations of 238 Ua nd 232 Th and their respective progenies, mainly 226 Ra, 222 Rn and 210 Pb (from the 238 Us eries), and 228 Ra and 228 Th (from the 232 Th series) appear in tube scales and sludge. The radium isotopes in NORM wastes generated in the monazite cycle become more bio-available than those isotopes found in wastes from the oil and gas industry. This work discusses some of the problems arising from the existence of monazite cycle and oil and gas industry NORM wastes, and proposes a tentative solution. 1. INTRODUCTION Two industrial activities which produce Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) as byproducts have quite different histories. The monazite cycle and the oil and gas industry both started long time ago, and were developed in independent ways. The two may touch each other, however, in the foreseeable future. The monazite cycle started two centuries ago, well before the discovery of the phenomenon of radioactivity, when a mixture of thorium, lanthanum and cerium was first employed to impregnate fabric bags used in gas lamps to enhance the flame brightness. At that time nobody had any idea that the remnants of those bags would become NORM, or what NORM was. In the 20 th century thorium started being separated from monazite to produce substances used in medicine, like thorotrast (an x-ray contrast substance containing ThO2). The beginning of the Second World War (WWII) saw an increase in applications of monazite from kerosene lamps using fabric bags impregnated by thorium nitrate to small flints used in wind resistant lighters widely adopted by army soldiers, mariners, and air force personnel to light their cigarettes. At the end of WWII and in subsequent years monazite had become a strategic commodity not only because the extraction of some rare earth compounds used in several industries, but also due to the possibility of using thorium in the planned breeder nuclear reactor. Late in the years 1960s the breeder lost momentum, and monazite was extracted and processed mostly to obtain its rare earth and other compounds widely used in sophisticated products like the then new color TV, modern airplanes, and spacecrafts (1).


This paper describes recent tests of extended length tractor trailer combinations in Alberta, which measured speed, acceleration, passing times, stability and offtracking. The results are summarized as they impact upon traffic flow, geometric design standards and traffic signal design. On the basis of the results, it was decided to allow (on a special permit basis) the operation of turnpike doubles, rocky mountain doubles and triples on all divided highways, and rocky mountain doubles on a limited network of two laned undivided highways with high geometric standards. (TRRL)


Telecommunication industry is one of the most dynamic and vibrant sectors, especially for the developing nations that have a huge population. However, unlike the developed nations, the infrastructure and the political scenario of the developing countries, indeed, posits various challenges. The expansion of multinational businesses requires becoming aware of not only the cultural differences, but the governances with proper emphasize. The case study deals with the recent SIM Tax issues and underlines the prospect of "Mobile Operators" in the rural economy of Bangladesh.


The intermolecular potential energy surface of He-LiH complex was studied using the full-electronic complete forth-order Mαller-Plesset perturbation (MPPT) method. Inab initio calculations, the bond length of LiH was fixed at 0.159 5 nm The potential has two local minima of Vm= - 179.93 cm-1 for the linear He-LiH geometry atRm = 0.227 nm and Vm = - 10.44 cm-1 for the linear He-HLi geometry atRm = 0. 516 nm. The potenial exhibits strong anisotropy. The analytic potential function with 31 parameters was determined by fitting to the calculatedab inttio potentials. The influence of variation of LiH bond length on the potential energy surface was also studied.


We study in simple terms the role of feedback in establishing the scaling relations of low-surface-brightness and dwarf galaxies with stellar masses in the range 6x10^5 30km/s retain gas-rich discs with feedback-regulated star formation.


Significance Approximately 70% of China's rivers and lakes are unsafe for human use. Effective implementation of existing pollution standards can improve the health and well-being of people across China. In this randomized trial, pollution decreased when a nongovernmental organization enlisted volunteers to monitor the quality of urban waterways slated for remediation and disseminated that information to local and provincial authorities. Disseminating information to the public through posters did not have detectable effects on water quality. Nongovernmental organizations can support the efforts of authorities to remediate pollution by providing monitoring that guides action and facilitates oversight between different levels of government, particularly when authorities that set remediation targets have an active interest in responding to public complaints and using monitoring for oversight. Water pollution is a persistent problem in China, in part, because local governments fail to implement water quality standards set by national and provincial authorities. These higher authorities often lack regular information about the immediate and long-term achievement of remediation targets. Accordingly, central authorities have encouraged nongovernmental organizations to monitor local governments' remediation efforts. This study examines whether nongovernmental monitoring of urban waterways improves water quality by facilitating oversight of local governments or instigating public action for remediation. We randomly assigned urban waterways in Jiangsu province previously identified for remediation to be monitored by a partner nongovernmental organization for 15 mo. We further randomized whether the resulting information was disseminated to local and provincial governments, the public, or both. Disseminating results from monitoring to local and provincial governments improved water quality, but disseminating results to the public did not have detectable effects on water quality or residents' pursuit of remediation through official and volunteer channels. Monitoring can improve resource management when it provides information that makes local resource managers accountable to higher authorities.


Move the present invention is equipped with a telephoto lens is configured for recording to view and greatly enlarged a subject at a distance as large pitch equipped with a telephoto lens, a mobile terminal capable of performing a telephone call, through the telescopic lens while moving the mobile It relates to a device and its operating method, Mobile terminal 200 equipped with a telephoto lens according to the present invention, the program memory 202, a key input unit (204), LCD display 206, a data storage unit 208, a mode status storage unit 210, a telephoto lens 212, the zoom control unit 214, a microprocessor (216), DSP (Digital Signal processor) (218), the baseband converter 220, a speaker 222, a microphone 224, an antenna (226 ), it has a configuration including the RF signal processor 228. According to the present invention, while watching the game on the big stadium, such as the football stadium and baseball stadium, the shooting view to easily extend the player look at a distance using a mobile terminal with a telephoto lens can be saved as image data have.


Stark splitting effect on fine structure level probabilities for hydrogen lines, taking account of spontaneous transition probabilities and Lamb shift


The paper gives a qualitative treatment of a new approach to the synthesis of sequential control systems. Complex sequential control systems can be assembled from a relatively small number of standard sequence packages. These have useful sequential properties in their own right, but the methods for coupling them together to form larger sequential systems are described by the authors. Additional benefit is gained by using the machine actuators alone as memory devices. This removes any possibility of unintentional disturbance of the state of the memory function in the control system. Three examples are chosen to illustrate the design process.


The following sections on the rare flora and vegetation of Pomerelle Ski Area are to be incorporated into the Environmental Assessment being developed by the Sawtooth National Forest for Pomerelle's Proposed Master Development Plan. The survey was conducted during August 6-7 and October 9-10, 1996.


In many previous tunnel analyses, the axial in-situ stress was ignored. In this work, its effect on the deformation and failure of the surrounding rock of a deep tunnel was revealed, considering the objective strain softening and dilatancy behavior of the surrounding rock. Analysis based on the incremental plastic flow theory was conducted, and C++ was used to write a constitutive model for numerical simulation to verify and further analyze this effect. Then, the results were validated by the field monitoring data of a coal mine gateway. Results show that the effect of the axial in-situ stress σa0 is more significant when strain softening is considered, compared with the results of a perfectly elastoplastic model. When the axial stress σa is σ1 or σ3 at the initial yield, an increase or decrease in σa0 intensifies the deformation and failure of the surrounding rock. When σa is σ2 at the initial yield, 3D plastic flow partly controlled by σa may occur, and an increase in σa0 intensifies the deformation and failure of the surrounding rock. The effect of σa0 will be amplified by considering dilatancy. Considering both strain softening and dilatancy, when σa0 is close to the tangential in-situ stress σt0 or significantly greater than σt0 (1.5 times), σa will be σ2 or σ1 at the initial yield, and then 3D plastic flow will occur. In the deformation prediction and support design of a deep tunnel, σa0 should not be ignored, and the strain softening and dilatancy behavior of the surrounding rock should be accurately considered.


It is shown that a minimal assumption should be added to the assumptions of Classical Test Theory (CTT) in order to have positive inter-item correlations, which are regarded as a basis for the aggregation of items. Moreover, it is shown that the assumption of zero correlations between the error score estimates is substantially violated in the population of individuals when the number of items is small. Instead, a negative correlation between error score estimates occurs. The reason for the negative correlation is that the error score estimates for different items of a scale are based on insufficient true score estimates when the number of items is small. A test of the assumption of uncorrelated error score estimates by means of structural equation modeling (SEM) is proposed that takes this effect into account. The SEM-based procedure is demonstrated by means of empirical examples based on the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised.


Harvesting is one of the most expensive field operations in sugarcane production. Improving sugarcane harvesters in terms of percent of cane stalk/biomass recovery and field efficiency (percent of field time that the machine operates at its rated capacity) will be essential to reduce overall harvest costs and increase sugarcane productivity. This work focused on studying an existing harvester in a Hawaiian sugarcane production system to evaluate its performance and limitations so that approaches can be developed in the future for improvement. The study included field data collection and analysis to estimate cane stalk/biomass recovery rate and assess machine field efficiency. In the normal harvesting operation (in which leafy materials were separated using toppers and extractors), the cane stalk recovery rate was 90% when the harvesting rate was 3.8 Mg h -1 . The machine maintained a stalk recovery rate of 70% or higher when harvesting at a rate below 20.0 Mg h -1 . The recovery rate decreased to 50% when the harvesting rate increased to 29.0 Mg h -1 . In the biomass harvesting operation (in which toppers and extractors were turned off to collect leafy materials), the biomass recovery rate remained around 50% when the harvesting rate varied between 9.1 and 21.6 Mg h -1 . In addition, results of the field efficiency studies for the normal harvesting operation showed that the harvester productive time accounted for only about 35% of total field time. Low sugarcane recovery, particularly for the biomass harvesting operation, and low field efficiency in harvesting suggest that there is a good potential for machine performance improvement, as well as improvement in overall field operations suitable for Hawaiian sugarcane harvesting.


Background and Objectives: Libya is one of the North African countries which constitute an area of nasopharyngeal carcinoma endemicty, particularly at the north part of Libya as compared to its south portion. Although from the clinical as well as histopathological presentation, there is no uniquely specific pattern of appearance, but there is high deficiency in the data that confirm the possible predisposing factors which may play a role in the development of this common variety of head and neck cancer at this country, and whether these factors affecting the patients response to treatment. Therefore this study was conducted to elucidate the suggestion of the role of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in the risk of nasopharyngeal cancer at Libyan population; the results were correlated with the radiotherapy response and the improvement in the post-therapy prognostic value. Patients and Methods: Sixteen patients aged 9-80 years presented at ENT department -Althowra central teaching hospital-elbyda-Libya at period from September- 2005 up to January-2014 with variable patterns of clinical presentation suggestive nasopharyngeal carcinoma. All patients were evaluated radio- logically as well as endoscopically, the diagnosis was confirmed by the biopsy and further histo-pathological assessment. For all patients the serological elucidation for IgG and IgM anti-EBV antibodies was done, and the results were correlated with the age of the incidence, sex of the incidence, the pattern of clinical presentation, the pattern of histo-pathological presentation, the response to the radiotherapy, the rate of the recurrence, and five years survival. Results: 88% of the patients showed significant increase of serum IgG against Viral Capsid Antigen (VCA) of EBV. 83% of the cases presented with cervical masses and unilateral otitis media with effusion. 86% of cases showed lympho-epithelioma as histo-pathological pattern. On the other hand among all patients, those patients with lympho-epithelioma showed significant response to the concomitant radio- chemotherapy (100%) with high survival rate exceed five years. Conclusion: The EBV infection can be considered as one of main predisposing factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at Libyan population. As it was noted from this presenting study that the induction of the cancer by EBV is mainly due to chronic infection rather than acute infection and this was confirmed by significant elevation of serum IgG rather than IgM. In addition it was postulated that the EBV infection most likely to be associated with lympho-epithelioma variety of histo-pathology rather than well-differentiated type, and as it was elucidated via this study that the association of the cancer with EBV infection increased the sensitivity of the tumor to concomitant radio-chemotherpy, thus this will improve the five years survival after the treatment.


The explosion of Internet information makes timely analysis and monitoring of Internet public opinion more and more important, and sentiment analysis of public opinion events is even more important. The traditional word2vec model cannot fully express the information contained in words. It is proposed to use the BERT model as the article feature extraction model; and use the deep convolutional neural network to extract the local information of the article, and then connect the fully connected network to classify the article, so as to achieve sentiment analysis purpose. Experimental results on public data sets show that sentiment analysis algorithms based on BERT and convolutional neural networks are better than traditional sentiment analysis algorithms.


BACKGROUND
We compared the new Pulsioflex and the Vigileo devices to measure cardiac index (CI) in critically ill patients. Both devices measure CI by pulse-contour analysis. The Pulsioflex device also allows an auto-calibration (not based on thermodilution).

METHODS
Patients were included if we administered fluids (20 patients), reduced (20 patients), or increased (20 patients) the dose of norepinephrine. Before and after interventions, we measured CI provided by the Vigileo (CIVig) and Pulsioflex (CIPfx) devices before and after its auto-calibration. CI measured by transpulmonary thermodilution (CIthermo) was used as the reference.

RESULTS
Considering absolute values of CI (n=120), the percentage error was 59% for CIVig vs CIthermo and 40% for CIthermo vs CIPfx. Auto-calibrating CIPfx after interventions did not improve the percentage error between CIPfx and CIthermo (39%). Considering the fluid-induced changes in CI, the coefficient of correlation with changes in CIthermo was 0.50 for CIVig, and 0.73 for CIPfx (P=0.27). It was not significantly improved if CIPfx was auto-calibrated (r=0.64). Considering the norepinephrine-induced changes in CI, the coefficient of correlation with changes in CIthermo was 0.41 for CIVig. It tended to be better for CIPfx (r=0.71, P=0.07). It was not significantly improved by auto-calibration (r=0.53).

CONCLUSIONS
The Pulsioflex did not reliably estimate the absolute values of CI. For tracking fluid-induced changes in CI, the Pulsioflex was reliable, and also the Vigileo. For tracking norepinephrine-induced changes in CI, it was also reliable and tended to be better than the Vigileo. Auto-calibration allowed by the system did not improve its reliability.


Background: IL-6 have been known as related to oxidative stress and endotel
disfunction, while had its role in pathogenesis of preeclampsia. These were studied before by Greer, Vince, and Afshari, where they found out that there was a significant increase of IL-6 level in preeclamptic women compared to normotensive. However, IL-6 level in HELLP syndrome is still being questioned.
Objectives: To know the level of IL-6 in HELLP syndrome women compared to normal
pregnant women.
Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted to twenty three women with HELLP
syndrome and twenty three normal pregnant women as controls. Serum level of IL-6
were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We used independent-samples t
test to assess the differences in the concentration of IL-6 in HELLP syndrome patients
and control subjects.
Results: There was no significant chance in concentration of IL-6 levels [mean (S.D.)] in HELLP syndrome women [0,11 (0,08) pg/ml] compared to normal pregnant women [0,15 (0,20) pg/ml] (p = 0.17).
Conclusion: The result of this study has shown that no significant difference of IL-6
level in HELLP syndrome women compared to normal pregnant women.


A new essential multichannel dc SQUID system has been devised. The system consists of two stages of dc SQUIDs; in the first stage, a number of dc SQUIDs equivalent to the input number detect the input signals, and the sum of the first-stage output modulates the carrier of the second-stage dc SQUID and is sent by the carrier to a room temperature amplifier, where the mixed input signals are separated into the original signals. To verify the system operation, a three channel dc SQUID system has been developed and good results have been obtained.


In this paper, we address the problem of coding textured and multiband images for storage applications. More precisely, attention is paid to telebrowsing applications which require progressive reconstruction. The contribution of the paper is the design of a generalized vector-lifting scheme for building multiresolution representations adapted to the spatial, spectral and frequential content of the images. Simulations performed on real data indicate that a reduced data rate is obtained with the proposed method.


This article describes the main features of the image of Tengu in Japanese mythology and folk tales. The process of forming the image of Tengu under the influence of ancient traditions and faiths, containing basically totemic, shamanistic and animistic elements was described. The influence of the cult of crow Yatagarasu to form the image of Tengu was described in the first time. Were identified the main features and characteristics of the archetype of Japanese warrior in the shamanic traditions of the military culture of Japan.


Languages and words are not only communication tools,but organic parts of cultures as well as significant political means and economic resources.Among all the languages and words in the world,Chinese language and characters are of their unique features and status.Therefore,the language planning authorities of China should take responsibilities to defend the status of standard spoken and written Chinese language.


In this paper, we study the deployment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to collect data from IoT devices, by finding the data collection tour of each UAV. To ensure the 'freshness' of the collected data, a strict requirement is that the total time spent in the tour of each UAV, which consists of UAV flying time and data collection time, must be no greater than a given maximum data collection delay B, e.g., 20 minutes. In this paper, we consider a problem of using the minimum number of UAVs and finding their data collection tours, subject to the constraint that the total time spent in each tour is no greater than B. We study two variants of the problem, one is that a UAV needs to fly to the location of each IoT device to collect its data; the other variant is that a UAV is able to collect the data of the IoT device as long as their Euclidean distance is no greater than a given wireless transmission range. For the first variant of the problem, we propose a novel 4-approximation algorithm, which improves the best approximation ratio $4\frac{4}{7}$ so far. For the second variant, we design the first constant factor approximation algorithm. In addition, we evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms via extensive experiments, and experimental results show that the average numbers of UAVs deployed by the proposed algorithms are from 11% to 19% less than those by existing algorithms.


Distinctly  the 1945 Constitution has given authority to perform judicial power to the "Supreme Court", that is the authority to perform judiciary. The authority to perform judiciary in concrete reality, means expressing what the law is for the case presented to him. Reviewing (testing) the law in principle is also an action for expressing its law, because this action means determining whether a law is conitradictory to the Constitution or not


Mitotic chromosome counts for Luzuriaga radicans Ruiz et Pav. and L. polyphylla (Hook) J.F. Macbr. from Chile, reported here for the first time, are the same as those reported for L. parviflora (Hook) Kunth in New Zealand and L. marginata (Gaertner) Benth. on Falkland Islands (2n = 2x = 20). These results indicate a constancy of chromosome number in the genus Luzuriaga


The relation between integrity and high-performance seems to be an issue not yet extensively studied. This paper aims to give more understanding about this complicated question: How is ethics related to the high-performance orientation in the management models? Is highly ethical behavior seen somehow as an obstacle to high-performance or vice versa; is it more likely a precondition to it? We first try to clarify the concepts of ethics, public values and high integrity. The term 'integrity leadership' is introduced as well. Chapter 6 gives an overview of the models of high-performance. What elements of leadership are prioritized when striving for high performance? In the final chapters, high integrity and high-performance are put together, compared and discussed. Some empirical data from the study of the Finnish local police units (LumijA¤rvi & Vesterinen 2006) are introduced, as well some comparative data from EU countries. In the end, some concluding remarks are made concerning the basic question: Are highperformance and high integrity 'friends or foes'? Is it possible for a public manager to enhance or maintain similarly both high-integrity and high-performance orientation? The analysis here is primarily theory driven and tentati ve.


Methods: Thirty male junior elite volleyball players (Mean±SD age: 18.14±1.12 y, height: 197.10±3.16 cm, sports history: 4.39±0.95 y, & weight: 771.20±59.83 N) participated in this study. A time-synchronized 5-camera sampling at 100 Hz was used to determine the Three Dimensional (3D) coordinates of markers. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, linear regression, and magnitude of coefficient were used in SPSS to analyze the obtained data (P<0.05).


In the last century, many of the developed computational theories and methods have been inspired by biological principles. The design generation methods, originating from these theories, along with the advances in digital fabrication technologies have impacted architecture in the last thirty years. One of the main qualities of the biological systems, functional integrity, can be adapted to architectural systems to shape a new generation of digitally designed and fabricated architectural systems. Proposing a guideline for the development of integrated systems, this thesis first presents a critical review on the precedents of biologically inspired computational theories, form generation tools and digital fabrication techniques. Later, it frames a systematic cross-domain knowledge transfer method, specifically with some guidelines for the development of architectural integrated systems. And finally through an example, it has been demonstrated how the described process can lead to the development of a method for the design and fabrication of an integrated wall system. Thesis Supervisor: Terry Knight Title: Professor of Design and Computation Thesis Supervisor: Lawrence Sass Title: Professor of Design and Computation


Proposed for the substrate (2), in particular a plasma coating apparatus of the pressure plate (100..103), the electrode means comprises a segmented vacuum chamber (3) disposed therein, and (400 .. 409), wherein each of the electrode sections (500..512) are in their having a connection end for an electrical energy source (700..702) a. Further, a method of operating the means for (100..103), wherein the substrate to be coated (2) and the electrode (400..409) positioned opposite, and at least one ligand is provided energy source to the electrode sections (500..512) a (700..706) is activated. In addition, the introduction of gas, causing the gas plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition on a substrate (2).


In this paper we shall discuss the positive roots of the equation where Iq is the modified Bessel function of the first kind. By means of a recurrence relation for Iq(r) [2, (5.7.9)], equation (1.1a) can also be written in the form


This paper presents an extremely low-profile frequency-tunable composite antenna with enhanced gain and an omnidirectional radiation pattern. The antenna is based on a recently developed very short two-legged monopole antenna and consists of one driven element and eight identical parasitic coupled elements. By utilizing the mutual coupling between elements, the radiation resistance of the antenna is significantly increased, leading to considerable gain enhancement and better matching performance. The composite antenna has the same height as the single monopole (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{0}/150$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) but a larger lateral dimension (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{0}/16$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). The performance of the proposed antenna is compared with that of a single monopole antenna. It is shown that the peak gain of the composite antenna is about 10 dB higher than that of the monopole antenna. The design is then modified for frequency tunability to achieve frequency agility and higher bandwidth for certain modulations like frequency hopping spread spectrum. The fractional bandwidth of the tunable antenna is 3.32%, and the gain is further improved at higher frequencies. A new method of effectively measuring a monopole antenna with an electrically small ground plane using cascaded transformers is also presented and discussed.


The development of the Chinese classical gardens in Zhejiang Province is an important part in the circle in China. Because the construction of classical gardens in Zhejiang province prevailed for quite a long time in some periods, such as Southern Song Dynasty and some famous gardens became the models of China's garden construction in other areas during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it occupied an important place in the history of Chinese classical gardens. As a kind of precious historical and cultural heritage, the classical gardens of Zhejiang still have important significance nowadays.


In this article,authors study and discuss application of CPM in project contracts to control construction time and to do construction management,and how contractors can use CPM to claim in order to ensure their benefits.


In living‐related transplantation, warm ischemia/reperfusion damage (IRD) of liver grafts is inevitable during harvesting. In this study, we investigated the effects of prostacyclin (PGI2) on IRD of liver grafts in the rat liver transplant model. Donor rats underwent 30‐min warm ischemia of part of the liver (right lateral and medial lobes). After 10 min of reflow, the ischemic partial livers were flushed with Ringer's lactate and immediately transplanted into untreated recipients. Donor animals were divided into two groups: group I received vehicle, and group II received PGI2 analog OP‐41483 (OP, 500 ng/kg per min, i. v.) during the donor operation. One‐week survival was studied and cellular adenine nucleotide levels of donor livers were assayed by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Donor treatment with PGI2 analog group II significantly improved 1‐week survival (86%), in comparison with the controls group I (25%). The levels of total adenine nucleotides (TAN, μmol/g dry wt) of the grafts just before implailtation were well maintained by PGI2 treatment (12.22), as compared with the controls (10.36). In summary, PGI2 treatment of the donor maintained high energy metabolism of the liver graft after IRD and improved the survival of recipients after transplantation. Our study suggested that PGI2 treatment of donors improves viability in liver grafts from living donors thus and increases graft availability for transplantation.


This paper explores the issues of translator voice, editorial intervention and translation criticism drawing on the authors' personal experiences with the same text in different fields of the translation territory. The analysis highlights the different needs of different readers. However, reading is always a personal experience, influenced by each reader's unique repertoire of previous readings.


Monodisperse polystyrene and its copolymer beads containing amine function were prepared for the electroless silver plating using reduction of silver alkylcarbamate complex in organic solvent. Soap-free emulsion polymerization was adopted for the polymerization of styrene, divinylbenzene (DVB), and 2-(N,N-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DAEMA) in the presence of poly (vinyl alcohol) in a water/methanol solvent. The resulting poly (styrene/DVB/DAEMA), containing 30/01.5/03 wt% in monomer composition, were found to be a sphere-type particle with diameter of 1 . Silver Ag-coated polystyrene beads were prepared by in sito reduction of a silver 2-ethylhexylcarbamate (Ag-EHCB) complex solution with hydrazine without pretreatment of polystyrene beads. Robust Ag/polystyrene beads were analyzed by SEM, UV -visible spectrometer and XRD.


All twelve cultivars of barley tested were susceptible to both strains of aster yellows mycoplasmalike organism (AY-MLO) transmitted by the aster leafhopper, Macrosteles fascifrons. Infection ranged from 8% to 68% depending on strain of MLO and barley cultivar. Overall, the eastern strain (NAY-MLO) infected a higher percentage of plants than did the western strain (CAY-MLO). On average, symptoms of NAY (37 days) took longer to develop than did those of CAY (29.6 days). Symptoms of CAY were generally more pronounced than were those of NAY, especially on spring cultivars. The winter cultivars, Huron and OAC Elmira, infected with NAY-MLO, proved to be excellent sources of inoculum for the leafhopper.


This paper presents a new method for computing the feature-adapted Radon and beamlet transforms in a fast and accurate way. These two transforms can be used for detecting features running along lines or piecewise constant curves. The main contribution of this paper is to unify the fast slant stack method, introduced in [2], with linear filtering technique in order to define what we call the feature-adapted fast slant stack. If the desired feature is chosen to belong to the class of steerable filters, our method can be achieved in 0(N log(iV)), where N = n2 is the number of pixels. This new method leads to an efficient implementation of both feature-adapted radon and beamlet transforms, that outperforms our previous works. Our method has been developed in the context of biological imaging to detect image features lying along curves like edges or ridges as well as any kind of features that can be designed by a priori knowledge.


The orthogonal relation between the magnetic aspect (spin) of scatterable elementary particles' energy with respect to their direction of motion can be demonstrated at the macroscopic level by mechanical means. It can be proven that force aligning the spins of unpaired electrons in ferromagnetic materials causes the unidirectional carrying energy of the electrons involved to align orthogonally to the macroscopic magnetic field generated, which can cause a motion detectable at the macroscopic level when this motion is not mechanically restrained (The Einstein-de Haas Effect). Alternately, it can also be proven that mechanically forcing unpaired electrons in ferromagnetic materials to move in a common direction forces the spin of their carrying energy to align parallel, causing their combined magnetic field to become detectable at the macroscopic level (the Barnett Effect).


Jean Sgard : A Critical look at the edition of Prevosps works. The last volume of Prevost's works was recently published by the Presses Universitaires de Grenoble. In this article, its general editor provides a brief history of the edition, emphasizing the importance of economic factors in the publication of a critical edition. These economic constraints have adversely affected the physical presentation of the text, but have not serious compromised the project as a whole. This new edition can be said to provide a completely new version of the text of Prevost's thirteen novels.


A series of three-dimensional numerical simulations using a generalized multidimensional hydrodynamic dispersion numerical model was performed to simulate effectively and to evaluate quantitatively the impacts of urbanization on density-dependent groundwater flow and salt transport in a coastal aquifer system, Busan, Republic of Korea. A series of steady-state numerical simulations of groundwater flow and salt transport before urbanization with material properties of the geological media, which were established by model calibration considering all the urbanization factors, is performed first. A series of transient-state numerical simulations of groundwater flow and salt transport after urbanization is then performed considering the urbanization factors separately and all together. The results of the numerical simulations show that density-dependent groundwater flow, salt transport and seawater intrusion patterns in the coastal aquifer system are intensively and extensively impacted by the urbanization factors. However, such impacts of each urbanization factor are not spatially uniform but locally different.


The use of real time spectroscopic ellipsometry to study silver nanoparticle formation in a polystyrene matrix by temperature induced reduction of silver hexafluoroacetylacetonate is reported. The optical properties of the composite are modeled using Mie theory with a modified electron relaxation frequency in silver to account for particle size effects. By measuring the final particle sizes from electron microscopy, the size of the particles during growth can be inferred above a radius of 2.3nm. Below this radius the model is limited by quantum effects.


Empirical analysis confirms the theory (Allport, Elias) that indicates the relation between the absence of contact/relationship/communication and the menacing image of foreigners, in keeping with ideological visions of differentialism that get stronger if foreigners are perceived as an outside group, not conforming to social rules and not open in ethnic belonging.


William Watts, The United States and Japan: A Troubled Partnership, Ballinger, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1984. xiii, 118pp. Cloth: US$19.95. Endymion Wilkinson, Japan Versus Europe: A History of Misunderstanding, Penguin Books Australia, Ringwood, Victoria, 1983. 288pp. Paper: $7.95. Wolf Mendl, Western Europe and Japan Between the Superpowers, Croom Helm, London and Sydney and St. Martin's Press, New York, 1984. 181pp. Cloth: $31.95.