A new genus (Traskorchestianoetus gen. nov.) represented by two species T. spiceri sp. nov. and T. brevipes sp. nov. (Acari, Histiostomatidae) are described from the hypopial stage phoretic on the amphipod Traskorchestia traskiana (Stimpson, 1857), from Vancouver Island, Canada.


International procedural law remains largely party-oriented and directed at the preservation of individual interests. A tension therefore arises when the ICJ is asked to adjudicate "public interest norms". Against this background, one might ask whether advisory opinions by the ICJ might serve as a more appropriate forum for protecting and enforcing public interests. Among others, they might prove better equipped for, e.g., clarifying and interpreting public interest obligations without a breach thereof necessarily having already occurred, or in the case of breaches by multiple parties. However, among the generally low numbers of requests for opinions by the ICJ so far only two can be classified as "traditional public interest litigation". Recent initiatives on "community-oriented" interests have not (yet) moved forward, leaving their true potential open for debate.
The article focuses on the ICJ's procedural framework in advisory proceedings and its suitability as a forum for enforcing public interests. The argument is made that while indeed several rationales can be identified which make this procedure a seemingly well-suited format for public interest litigation, the filing of requests is often subject to political hurdles and dependent on the overall perception of the Court's exercise of its judicial function. This is rounded off by a discussion of different proposals and an assessment whether these might lead to a strengthening of the Court's competence when it comes to serving as a forum for "public interest litigation."


THE NATION commemorated the bicentennial year of the reigning Chakri dynasty. The fifth five-year plan (1982-86) came into effect. And General Prem Tinsulanond became the longest-serving Prime Minister (35 months in office) since the October Uprising of 1973-no small political accomplishment. Yet the most important events of the year were perhaps none of these. For 1982 was, above all, a preview of things to come: the meteoric rise and entrance into the center stage of national affairs of the army's new commander-in-chief, General Arthit Kamlangek; and the continued debate and speculation over the general election to be held in early to mid-1983.


This paper examines, from a legal and socio-economic perspective, how the right to development materializes its promises and realization in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). In this regards, it analyzes its incorporation in the Congolese legal order, defines its constituent elements, and the measures which have been adopted to implement the constitutional framework. It also identifies challenges to the right to development in the DRC and permissive conditions for its effective enjoyment. The main conclusion is that the right to development enshrined in the Congolese law remains more a matter of claims and aspirations than a tangible reality reflecting an increase in the quality of life of the Congolese people. Obstacles to the realization and enjoyment of the right to development include the adverse effects of capitalist liberalism, the extraversion of Congolese development policies, and the culture of predation which dates back to the colonial period. The Congolese leadership has a historic responsibility to trigger or impose the much needed change. This will require not only the integration of the DRC's international commitments in its domestic development policies based on an internal dynamic putting Congolese at the center of every socio-economic initiative, but also a state which has effective authority over its territory to defend the rule of law, is more interventionist so as to stop the current intentional destruction of the country, and promotes ethical behaviours in public services.


An analytical method is presented to improve the eigensolution obtained through system condensation. The perturbation method is based on a correction of the conventional transformation, which differs from mode to mode. The formulation is simple and straightforward. The condensation error, which is unavoidable in the usual transformation, can be reduced noticeably. When the series expansion in the transformation correction is converging, the method should approach the exact eigenvalue from above. In linear formulations, however, the error in dropping higher-order terms of the perturbation equation may cause the approximation to overshoot the exact solution. The improved mode shape can be obtained, especially when integrated reduction methods are employed to get more accurate eigenmodes. It is recommended that the perturbation method is applied as a supplementary step of condensation to improve the eigensolution.


The antiapoptotic protein bcl-2 is associated with chemotherapy failure in untreated large B-cell lymphomas, and with the recently described poor-prognosis large B-cell lymphoma subtype displaying an activated B-cell genotype (Nature 403:503, 2000).


This study investigates the main characteristics and patterns as well as the geographical distribution of Turkish investments in Romania. The study found that Turkish investors came in three different waves, each with its own characteristics and geographical distribution. Most of the Turkish investments were found to concentrate in the southern part of Romania which is closer to Turkey suggesting the importance of geographical and cultural factors in location decision. The study also found that Turkish investments cluster not only in some more developed counties (such as Bucharest or Ilfov) but also in some counties which may qualify among the poorest in Romania.


We study imaginary representations of the Khovanov-Lauda-Rouquier algebras of affine Lie type. Irreducible modules for such algebras arise as simple heads of standard modules. In order to define standard modules one needs to have a cuspidal system for a fixed convex preorder. A cuspidal system consists of irreducible cuspidal modules---one for each real positive root for the corresponding affine root system ${\tt X}_l^{(1)}$, as well as irreducible imaginary modules---one for each $l$-multipartition. We study imaginary modules by means of `imaginary Schur-Weyl duality'. We introduce an imaginary analogue of tensor space and the imaginary Schur algebra. We construct a projective generator for the imaginary Schur algebra, which yields a Morita equivalence between the imaginary and the classical Schur algebra. We construct imaginary analogues of Gelfand-Graev representations, Ringel duality and the Jacobi-Trudy formula.


Background: selection contraception type that been use to women acceptor KB ages 20-39 years old not only influenced by family prosperity factor, but also by the other such as education level, knowledge level, economic state, religion influence, information KB acceptance and husband support.

Methods: This research is analytic observational research with cross-sectional desaign by using women acceptor KB sample ages 20-39 years old.Research location that been choose in Puskesmas Tlogosari Kulon because this research want to know any factors that influence to secelection contraception type in east semarang region. Sampel determination with random sample. Sample size that been using are 60 respondens. Instrument that been use are questioner that before has been determination with validity test. Interpretation data done with interviewing with the responden. Data that been received test by using chi-square and spearman test.

Results: with statistic analytic, obtained economic state (p=0,039), information KB acceptance (p=0,011) has significant conection with contraception type selection to women acceptor KB ages 20-39 years old. While factor education level (p=0,722), knowledge level (p=0,371), religion influence (p=0,266), husband support (p=0,812) has no significant conection with contraception type selection to women acceptor KB ages 20-39 years old

Conclusion: economic state, information KB acceptance has significant conection with contraception type selection to women acceptor KB ages 20-39 years old. While factor education level, knowledge level, religion influence, husband support has no significant conection with contraception type selection to women acceptor KB ages 20-39 years old.


The study investigated the effects of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) on blood glucose, body weight and haematological parameters in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycaemia in Wistar rats. Hyperglycaemia was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg body weight dose of STZ into 18 hr fasted animals. Three days after confirmation of diabetes, the normal and diabetic rats were divided into four groups (I-IV) of five rats each. Groups I and II served as the normal and diabetic control animals that was administered with 0.5 mL of distilled water, while Group III and IVreceived 100and 2 mg/kg body weight of ALA and glibenclamiderespectively.Results obtained showed that ALA and glibenclamide produced a steady significant (P < 0.05) reduction in fasting blood glucose levels especially after the 6 th and 9 th day with ALA producing better effect than glibenclamide when compared with the control group. There was a significant (P < 0.05) improvement in body weights of diabetic animals treated with ALA with non-significant difference produced in diabetic group that were treated with glibenclamide when compared with the diabetic control group.The RBC count,Hb concentration and PCV of the diabetic control animals were not significantly (P >0.05) different from those of normal control group when compared. Administration with ALA and glibenclamide produced a non significant increase on the levels of above parameters when compared with the diabetic control. The total white blood cell andplatelets count obtained in diabetic control rats were significantly lower (P < 0.05) when compared with the normal control rats.In addition, neutrophil and monocyte countswere significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in the diabetic control group when compared with the normal control animals, where as the lymphocyte and eosinophil counts in the diabetic control animals were not significantly (P > 0.05) different when compared with those in the normal control rats. In conclusion, administration of ALA to diabetic animals controlled the increased blood glucose concentration as well as improved the body weight, but the altered haematological parameters were not significantly normalized when compared with the diabetic control group.


Summary— The potential antidepressant effect of flerobuterol (dl‐(fluoro‐2 phenyl)‐1 t‐butylamino‐2 ethanol), a new drug related to β‐adrenoceptor agonists, was evaluated and compared with imipramine and salbutamol using classical psychopharmacological tests in mice. Like imipramine and salbutamol, flerobuterol (0.5–32 mg kg−1, ip) fully prevented apomorphine (16 mg kg−1, sc)‐ and partly reversed reserpine‐ and oxotremorine‐induced hypothermia. At higher doses (16–32 mg kg−1), flerobuterol enhanced the toxic effects of yohimbine. Unlike imipramine, flerobuterol and salbutamol did not reduce immobility duration in the behavioural despair test. Salbutamol and flerobuterol decreased locomotor activity. Flerobuterol did not induce mydriasis, did not prevent oxotremorine‐induced tremors or salivary and lacrimal gland secretion and did not reduce reserpine‐induced palpebral ptosis. Propranolol (8 mg kg−1, ip) but not α‐methyl‐paratyrosine (75 mg kg−1, ip) prevented the flerobuterol‐induced antagonism of apomorphine‐induced hypothermia. Our results suggest that flerobuterol demonstrates potential antidepressant activity, which could be related to β‐adrenoceptor activation in mice.


Objective: Clinical prognosis of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) may be severe and unexpected. Patients may quickly progress to respiratory failure, infections, multiple organ dysfunction, and sepsis. The main objective of this study is to investigate the drug-related problems of patients with COVID-19 and related factors. Method: A prospective observational study was conducted on patients with COVID-19 between September 2020 and May 2021. Patients' demographics, comorbid diseases, prescribed medicines and laboratory findings were recorded. Drug-related problems (DRPs) were identified by a clinical pharmacist according to recent guidelines, UpToDate® clinical decision support system and evidence-based medicine. Results: The median age of 107 patients was 64 and 50.46% of them were male. The median number of comorbidities was 3 (2-4) per patient. The majority of the patients had at least one comorbidity (88.79%) other than COVID-19 and the most frequent comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease. The total number of DRPs was recorded as 201 and at least one DRP was seen in 75 out of 107 patients. The median number of DRPs was 2 (0-8). In multivariate model, number of comorbidities (odss ratio (OR)=1.952;95% confidence interval (CI)=1.07-3.54, p<0.05, number of medications (OR=1.344;95% CI=1.12-1.61, p<0.001), and serum potassium levels (OR=5.252;95% CI=1.57-17.56, p<0.001) were the factors related with DRP. Conclusion: This study highlights the DRPs and related factors in patients with COVID 19 in hospital settings. Considering unknown features of the infection and multiple medication use, DRPs are likely to occur. It would be beneficial to consider the related factors in order to reduce the number of the DRPs. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR]


A multimodal interface can achieve more natural and effective human-computer interaction. In this paper, we present an isolated-word recognizer using a fusion of speech and natural visual gestures. The fusion of audio and visual signals can be carried out either at the class level or the feature level. Our system incorporates a fusion system at the feature level which supports 10 natural gestures. One of most difficult problems in feature level fusion is synchronization between audio and visual features. To solve this problem, we propose a modified time delay neural network (TDNN) architecture with a dedicated fusion layer and optimize parameters of this recognition model. Experimental results show that this system yields a performance improvement when compared to the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) under various signal-to-noise rate (SNR) conditions.


The research results from an analysis of the influence of conditioning time on case-hardening reduction are presented. The levels of case-hardening and moisture content differences across the thickness on beech and oak lumber were measured before, during, and after conditioning. A relationship between gap, as the measure of case-hardening in wood (ENV 14464), and conditioning time was found; a highly linear relationship also exists between gap and moisture content differences across the lumber thickness. Time analysis showed that much shorter conditioning times were adequate to reach acceptable drying quality than the times currently used. It is shown that the conditioning regimes that use equilibrium moisture content lower than the final moisture content are inadequate to obtain a dried product quality that meets modern European standards.


Image thresholding is a very common image processing operation, since almost all image processing schemes need some sort of separation of the pixels into different classes. In order to determine the thresholds, most methods analyze the histogram of the image. The optimal thresholds are often found by either minimiz- ing or maximizing an objective function with respect to the values of the thresholds. By defining two classes of objective functions for which the optimal thresholds can be found by efficient algorithms, this paper provides a framework for determining the solution ap- proach for current and future multilevel thresholding algorithms. We show, for example, that the method proposed by Otsu and other well-known methods have objective functions belonging to these classes. By implementing the algorithms in ANSI C and comparing their execution times, we can also make quantitative statements about their performance. © 2009 SPIE and IS&T.


Fossil energy is the product of a series of complex chemical reactions inside the earth under high temperature and pressure. Where there is fossil energy, there must be a huge heat reservoir. The vast majority of coal, oil and gas are found in sedimentary basins with abundant geothermal resources. There is no "sea of oil" or "sea of gas" in the Earth's crust. Oil, natural gas, shale gas, etc. exist underground in rock pores, cracks, caves, faults, sand grains where like a huge "capillary network". Some cracks and faults reach deep into the entire crust. Oil, natural gas and shale gas seal off these pores, cracks, faults and sand layers, effectively preventing excessive leakage of heat from the ground. The enormous pressure of oil, gas and shale gas in the Earth's crust counteracts the thermal pressure in the Earth's interior, reaching a dynamic equilibrium. Once the oil, gas and shale gas is out of the ground, due to the loss of heat insulation and heat insulation material, the heat will eventually reach the surface from the Earth's interior, causing the Earth's crust "fever". A large number of water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, etc. Greenhouse gas from the crust into the atmosphere and ocean, destroyed the energy balance of the atmosphere. This article aims to find out the real causes of climate change. By collecting materials from published academic documents, it is clarified that the man-made damage to the Earth's crust heat insulation seal is the truth of climate change. Therefore, the following conclu - sions are drawn: the thermal insulation of the Earth's crust is damaged by mining fossil energy (coal, oil, natural gas, shale gas, oil shale, gas hydrate, etc.), too much heat from the Earth's interior is pouring into the Earth's surface, causing the Earth's crust tempera ture and sea temperature to rise, trigger climate change and ecological disasters. Large amounts of water vapor have entered space, resulting rainfall and snow in some areas to exceed historical limits several times. Global soil and oceans degradation year by year. influences atmospheric processes by constantly sending matter and energy to the atmosphere, ultimately causing climate change. (e) The formation of fossil energy in the Earth's crust effectively blocked the Earth's heat flow. (f) According to scientific observation, after the exploitation of fossil energy, the earth heat flow can reach a very large value, and the phenomenon of "ground temperature sudden rise" occurs. The earth and sea temperatures in the deep and shallow layers have increased significantly. (g) The excavation of the Mawangdui Han Dynasty Tomb indicates that the sealed with charcoal and white paste mud containing grease can effectively block the earth heat flow for more than 2100 years, and the Ming Dynasty Ding Tomb, built from six layers of extremely hard rock, has no thermal insulation. The fossil energy in the crust has obvious thermal resistance [59].


The work was aimed at evaluating impact of underlying old goaf on safety and stability of surface highway,and providing a basis for the old goafs treatment. A highway in Shandong province was taken as the object of study. Using theoretical analysis,field monitoring,and numerical simulation,the highway driving stability,the old goaf stress,deformation and filling treatment were studied. Cross slope,longitudinal slope,and synthesis slope were taken as the allowable deformation control indexes. Standards were established through inversion for treating the old goaf. A specific control procedure was established.The results show that backfilling to a certain point( where the reduction coefficient ψ is 70%) makes residual deformation of the highway controlled in an allowable deformation rang,and that going beyond this point is not cost-effective.


WORK EXPERIENCE University Archivist 2016 July–Present University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Responsible for the overall management of the university archives: • Plan and oversee the processing, preservation, and digitization of materials in all formats that document the history and functions of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. • Develop policies and workflows to manage the appraisal, inventory, arrangement, and processing of unprocessed archival holdings. • Actively participate in records management and collection development to acquire the most significant university-related materials of permanent historical value. • Coordinate with campus stakeholders and donors to facilitate records transfers, accessions, and deaccessions. • Engage in active outreach to campus and community through blog posts, exhibitions and other mediums. • Advise and assist researchers in the use of archival materials in research activities.


Compared with eumenorrheic women, exercise‐trained women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (ExFHA) have low heart rate (HR), absent reflex activation of their renin‐angiotensin‐system, and augmentation of the normal increase in muscle sympathetic nerve burst incidence during orthostatic stress, suggesting concurrently altered autonomic heart rate modulation. To test this hypothesis, three age‐matched (pooled mean, 24±1 years; mean±SEM) groups of women were studied: ExFHA (n=11), exercise‐trained and eumenorrheic (ExOv; n=17), and sedentary and eumenorrheic (SedOv; n=17). Blood pressure (BP), HR, and HR variability (HRV) in the frequency domain were measured at supine rest and during simulated orthostatic stress induced by graded lower body negative pressure (LBNP; ‐10, ‐20, and ‐40mmHg). Very low (VLF), low (LF) and high (HF) frequency power spectra (ms2) were determined, and due to skewness, were log10 transformed. LF/HF ratio and Total power (VLF+LF+HF) were calculated. At baseline, HR and systolic BP were lower (p<0.05), and HF and Total power higher (p<0.05) in ExFHA than eumenorrheic women. In all groups, LBNP decreased (p<0.05) systolic BP, HF and Total power, and increased (p<0.05) HR, and LF/HF ratio. However, in ExFHA, HF and Total power remained higher (p<0.05), and HR, systolic BP and LF/HF ratio lower (p<0.05) than in eumenorrheic women, in whom measures did not differ (p>0.05). In conclusion, ExFHA women demonstrate augmented vagal HR modulation, whereas sympathetic HR modulation is unchanged, both at rest and during orthostatic stress. Less central angiotensin II may play a role.


The automatic transmission's vehicle have a lot of advantages as like the driving convenience, comfortable movement, soft change of speed and low transmission in comparison with manual vehicle. But, the power loss in auto transmission is inevitable because that generally has the characteristic that the power is transferred by the fluid. For this reason, the general auto transmission vehicle has a lower fuel efficiency than manual one. So, in order to make up for this disadvantage, the lock up function of torque converter is often used for improving this weak point. As the system that help the engine connect to transmission side directly, lock up clutch has the similar composition and characteristic of clutch in manual vehicle and also can improve the fuel efficiency in high-speed condition. By increasing the torque capacity that transfer the transmission by high-torque of engine, the lock up capacity also should be increased. For increasing the lock up capacity of lock up clutch, the wet frictionmaterial is one of the main functions. In order to extend the friction area of wet friction material, the twin facing friction material has been on the rise. When working the lock up clutch, the lock up capacity is increased because the twin facing material is connected between piston and front cover side. In contrary, this process can also cause the drag torque that is one of the main reason of low fuel efficiency due to this drag torque makes the unnecessary load to engine. The major factors that can determine that friction characteristic and durability life are basically ingredient materials, operation oil and control condition. In case of the control condition, the contact surface and rotation speed are an important factors for friction characteristic and durability of friction material. Though this study, it can be used for checking the influence on how much twin facing friction material impact the drag torque converter and conducting the study on the major factors of decreasing the drag torque while designing and controlling.


Ron Mann became the second Director of the Drug Safety Research Unit (DSRU) in 1994. His task as the successor to Bill Inman, the charismatic founder and first Director of the Unit, could not have been easy at the outset. However, Ron came to the DSRU armed with many years of experience as a clinician, senior pharmaceutical physician and head of pharmacovigilance at the Medicines Division at the Department of Health (which later became the MCA and now the MHRA), and thus possessed both the scientific credentials as well as the networking and political skills to enable him to carry out the job. While his relatively short period from 1994 to 1999 at the DSRU was affected by health problems and the loss of his third wife, he made significant achievements in two major areas: advancing the method of Prescription‐Event Monitoring (PEM) and developing collaborations with colleagues to conduct large pharmacoepidemiological studies both nationally and internationally. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Objiective Discussion maintenance hemodialysis patient's each kind of nursing measure.Improves patient's quality of life.Methods The reason which,the nursing experience to my courtyard in the July,2007~2009 year in November altogether 84 example dialysis patient's frequently asked questions,produce carry on the review analysis.Results Good nursing causes the patient to be at accepts the dialysis treatment the best physiology and the psychology,the positive initiative nursing work,has obtained the good dialysis effect.Conclusions Good nursing may help the patient to learn self-psychological unblocking,overcomes the negative psychology,the enhancement defeats disease's confidence,lengthens the patient life,improves the quality of life.


A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2014 up to April 2015 in three selected kebeles of Fogera Woreda, South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. The present study was aimed to determine the prevalence of bovine schistosomiasis and toidentify risk factors associated with Schistosoma infection. Systemic sampling was used to select the study animals within each study peasant associations and coprological examination was applied to identify Schistosoma egg (s). Pearson's chi-square test and logistic regression were used to examine the association between potential predictor variables and the occurrence of Schistosoma infection. From a total of 185 cattle examined, 19 (10.3%) were found positive for Schistosoma egg (s) on coproscopic examination. Among the selected demographic factors, age (p=0.038) and animal body condition (p=0.013) recorded statistically significant association with the identification of Schistosoma egg (s) in the feces of study cattle. Moreover;young age (2-5 years) and poor body condition were identified as risk factors. The overall 10.3% bovine schistosomiasis prevalence recorded in the present study was still higher even though the proportion was found lower than other previous similar studies conducted in Fogera Woreda and other localities in Amhara Region. Therefore; all the efforts so far made to decrease the disease in the study area should be strengthened and continuous assessment of the disease ought to be encouraged.


Levator palatini activity and voice were simultaneously recorded while a native speaker of Hindi produced monosyllabic, bisyllabic and polysyllabic meaningful and non‐meaningful words in the frame/kya‐ap dȝante hae/. High and low vowels and voiced and voiceless stops occurred in various positions in these words. Although there was considerable overlap in levator activity for different segment types, the stops were produced with greater activity than the vowels. In stops, the voiceless stops showed greater activity than voiced stops, whereas in vowels, the high vowels revealed greater activity than the low vowels. Furthermore, levator activity for the stops following high vowels was in general greater than for those following low vowels; it was greatest following nasals. These results will be discussed in relation to the results of other studies of levator palatine activity.


The architecture presented exploits the advantages of wafer-scale integration technology and has a defect-tolerant scheme to overcome silicon defects. It is in principle a two-dimensional array that is suited to process semantic network knowledge bases. The defect-tolerance approach is based on a combination of hardware redundancy and robust algorithms run on the architecture. The application that is presented here is the scene labeling that is used in computer vision. Due to the robustness of the scene labeling algorithms the machine can tolerate some hardware faults at run time.<<ETX>>


We have synthesized ZnO nanoparticles capped with butanethiol, octanethiol, and dodecanethiol. In all of the cases, the capped ZnO nanoparticles exhibit ferromagnetic-like behavior up to room temperature whose intrinsic origin has been demonstrated by using both X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the Zn K-edge. Using these tools, we have also determined that the occurrence of ferromagnetism does not critically depend on the details of the synthesis but on the formation of a pristine ZnS/ZnO interface. Within this interface, ferromagnetism is favored in those regions where the local order is closer to wurzite-like ZnO than to w-ZnS. The study of ZnS–ZnO films prepared by cosputtering clearly indicates that increasing the disorder of this interface weakens the onset of ferromagnetic behavior.


The present study is focused on using warm mix asphalt (WMA) technology in stone matrix asphalt mixtures and investigated in detail on the moisture sensitivity of these mixtures using three different types of WMA technologies. The experimental design involved three sources of aggregates (A, B and C) and three WMA technologies using additives Asphamin®, Sasobit® and Evotherm® technology. Test results indicated that 13 mixtures failed to meet the minimum tensile strength ratio requirement of 85%, and all mixtures tested met the minimum wet indirect tensile strength (ITS) value of 448 kPa (65 psi) as per SCDOT specifications. Statistical analysis showed that there was significant difference in the wet ITS values between aggregate A (micaceous granite) and granite (C) for all the mixtures studied. Statistical analysis showed that except for two mixtures, there were no significant differences in the wet ITS values of WMA mixtures amongst four types of mixtures under identical conditions. The mixtures containing over 15% rubber (by weight of virgin binder) produced similar resistance to moisture susceptibility compared with mixtures made with PG 76-22+fibres.


Hydrocarbon potential of shale samples collected from the sediments of Mengen-Gokcesu basin of Eocene age were evaluated through the organic geochemical, organic petrographical and iatroscan chromatographic analysis. Organic matters are mostly of oil prone type (Type I and Type II kerogen). The thermal maturation of the samples were determined through pyrolysis analysis (Tmax), production indeks (PI) and spor-colour index (SCI) and it falls into the diagenetic and at the beginning of oil generation zone. Shales of the Mengen basin bears moderate-perfect source rock potential in regard to their organic carbon contents. Seven types of organic facies are defined considering the composition, formation and diagenetic condition of organic matter. As a result of a series of analyses, it was found that Tokmaklar formation can produce oil and gas and bears organic facies of A, AB and B.


The Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure forms a gigantic network of interconnected and interacting devices. This infrastructure involves a new generation of service delivery models, more advanced data management and policy schemes, sophisticated data analytics tools, and effective decision making applications. IoT technology brings automation to a new level wherein nodes can communicate and make autonomous decisions in the absence of human interventions. IoT enabled solutions generate and process enormous volumes of heterogeneous data exchanged among billions of nodes. This results in Big Data congestion, data management, storage issues and various inefficiencies. Fog Computing aims at solving the issues with data management as it includes intelligent computational components and storage closer to the data sources.


Business Intelligence (BI) dashboards are in high demand in the industry, but our knowledge about how to design BI dashboards for companies is currently dominated by best practices for data visualisation. This paper has investigated two research questions: (1) what characterises the state-of-the-art BI dashboard in organisations and (2) how should it be designed to facilitate decision making? Based on three years of empirical data, we analysed the evolution of BI dashboards within the global procurement division of a large logistics company. As a contribution, we propose a framework for BI dashboard design consisting of six design questions and answers. This study should be of interest to the BI research community, as well as developers and vendors in the industry.


This series is meant to offer primary sources with commentary for the study of the New Testament and its culture. Of particular interest are early Jewish and Christian texts, Greek and Coptic documents, and editions of surviving papyri. This particular book is a successor volume to New Testament Manuscripts: Their Texts and Their World, which is Volume 2 in the series Texts and Editions for New Testament Study. Its focus is to hone in on individual manuscripts and certain groups of manuscripts that are either well-known, not well-known, do not have critical research or editions accomplished on them yet, or have not been examined thoroughly in recent years. The individual studies contained in this book also look at specific issues of method and approach towards these manuscripts. Fragments of papyri, in particular, form a large section of this tome, examined both as New Testament documents as well as archaeological objects for the study of early Christianity. The reconstruction of fragmentary manuscripts comprises the first four chapters. Thomas J. Kraus begins with a discussion on gaps in surviving manuscripts, whether reconstructed texts are viable for further study and research, and what methodological pitfalls and limitations are involved in this type of endeavor. In particular, Kraus provides some model cases as examples, from the P.Ryl.Gr. 457 papyri fragment, to the P.Rain.Cent. 24 reconstruction, to the P.Mert. II 51 document, and the P.Vindob.G 2325 "Fayum Fragment." Some other partly-known texts and a portion of a shroud are also discussed. In the end, Kraus does a good job of listing the many issues, constraints, and challenges of manuscript reconstruction. Rachel YuenCollingridge, in chapter 2, examines one manuscript in particular, P.Egerton 2 ( = INV. 3), a papyri of unidentified Christian content conserved in the British Library. It contains a number of biblical citations and Christian abbreviations, but none of the surviving text can be corroborated with any other surviving Greek literary work. After providing some historical context on the research already accomplished on this work, Yuen-Collingridge indicates some parallels to Origen and a late third century dating; in the end,


In this paper we take a step towards understanding the impact of principle component analysis (PCA) in the context of unsupervised clustering beyond a dimensionality reduction tool. We explore another property of PCA in vector clustering problems, which we call compressibility. This phenomenon shows that PCA significantly reduces the distance of data points belonging to the same clusters, while reducing inter-cluster distances relatively mildly. This gap explains many empirical observations found in practice. For example, in single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis, which is an application of vector clustering in biology, it has been observed that applying PCA on datasets significantly improves the accuracy of clas-sical clustering algorithms such as K-means. We study this compression gap in both theory and practice. On the theoretical side, we analyze PCA in a fairly general probabilistic setup, which we call the random vector model. In terms of practice, we verify the compressibility of PCA on multiple single-cell RNA-seq datasets.


Diabetic Neuropathy is the most prevalent and costly complication of hyperglycemia that is affecting half of the patient worldwide and its incidence rate has increased upto several folds. It includes impairment of pain signalling pathways. The aim of the investigation was to determine the effect of alpha-lipoic acid in Streptozotocin induced diabetic neuropathic pain in rats by oral route, intraperitoneal route, Preparation of nano-emulsion of alpha lipoic acid and evaluate its effect by oral and intraperitoneal route as well as to determine effect of alpha-lipoic acid on diabetes itself. Alpha-lipoic acid and its Nano-formulation was orally and intraperitoneal administered to STZ induced diabetic rats for 3 weeks. Tail flick latency and tail immersion test were done to determine thermal hyperalgesia, Randall-selitto paw pressure test to determine mechanical hyperalgesia, von-frey hair to mechano-tactile allodynia and Hot plate for mechanical nociception at different time intervals i.e., 2nd and 3rd week.


Due to the rapid growth of internet users, the Web traffic also grows very fast. The primary aim of the present paper is to modify the performance model of Bose and Cheng to a more realistic case when external arrivals are also allowed to the remote Web servers and the Web servers have limited buffer capacity. We analyze how many parameters affect the performance of a Proxy Cache Server (PCS). Numerical results are obtained for the overall response time with and without a PCS. The numerics show that the benefit of a PCS depends on various factors. It is noticed that by increasing the cache hit rate or the external arrival rates the overall response time is smaller in case of installing a PCS.


SUMMARY

In the exudate from medullar filaments of Laminaria, the same organelles were found as in sections of the tissue, with the exception of the nuclei, which were possibly destroyed. It is concluded that these cellular contents are derived from drainage of the open ends of cut filaments.


Communication channel established from a display to a device's camera is known as visual channel, and is helpful in securing key exchange protocol [16]. In this paper, we study how visual channel can be exploited by a network terminal and mobile device to jointly verify information in an interactive session, and how such information can be jointly presented in a user-friendly manner, taking into account that the mobile device can only capture and display a small region. Motivated by applications in Kiosk computing and multi-factor authentication, we consider three security models: (1) the mobile device is trusted, (2) at most one of the terminal or the mobile device is dishonest, and (3) both the terminal and device are dishonest but they do not collude or communicate. We give a few protocols and investigate them under the abovementioned models. We point out a form of replay attack that renders some other straightforward implementations cumbersome to use. To enhance user-friendliness, we propose a solution using visual cues embedded into the 2D barcodes and incorporate the framework of "augmented reality" for easy verifications through visual inspection. We give a proof-of-concept implementation to show that our scheme is feasible in practice.


ciation for Teachers of English (NATE) is the Commission, a group each participant is assigned to be with for eight to nine hours. Several months before the conference, each participant is sent the list. The 14 topics this year were Teaching Literature Through Art and Writing; Women and Writing; Television and the Teaching of English; Stories and Children; A Shared Language: Cultural Exchange in the Classroom; New Ways of Reading Old Texts; Drama and Writing; Investigating the English Classroom; Poetry in the Middle Years; Film Study; The Development and Assessment of Group Talk; Meeting the Needs of the Less Able in English; A Critical Look at English Teaching over the Last Hundred Years; and Roving Commission-all indicating interests and concerns of English teachers in England now. Teachers in most of the Commissions were active


The objective of this study is to estimate the efficiency of the universities belonging to the Council of Rectors of Chilean Universities. The work is based on the technique known as data envelopment analysis (DEA) and takes into account the reality of the Chilean university system. A DEA model with an input variable (operating expenses) and two output variables (ISI publications and number of students enrolled) was developed to evaluate the performance of universities. The empirical results indicate that 3 of the 25 institutions are efficient in terms of research and teaching. Furthermore, these results reveal no statistically significant differences in efficiency between state institutions and non-state institutions or between institutions with different years of institutional accreditation.


The publication links 174 selected Ancient Greek inscriptions
written in ca. 30 Greek dialects, which have been distributed
into 5 main Ancient Greek dialect groups (1: Mycenaean Greek,
used between 1400-1200 BC on the island of Crete, the Greek
mainland /and sporadically even in Asia Minor and Israel/; 2:
Attic-Ionic, 3: Arcadian-Cypriot, 4: Aeolic, 5: West Greek (or
Doric in wider sense), documented since ca. 800 BC down to the
3rd -5th cent. AD, both in Greece and the Greek colonization
regions of the Mediterranean and Black Sea areas).


The paper is focused on regional specifics of the Terror campaigns in the USSR in the mid-1930s. The main aim is the analysis of social characteristics of the Terror victims in Altai Region (1935-1937). The two main sources of the research are the database "The Victims of Political Terror in the USSR" and the database made by the author and dedicated to the investigated cases of the victims. The author analyzes the features of sources and provides the results of the analysis of the Terror dynamics. The second part of the paper dwells on social characteristics of the Terror victims, such as social origin, party membership, level of education, army service experience, previous and next repressions. The author suggests that regional repressions were linked to national campaigns which were similar to the mass operations of the "Great Terror" period. The author defines regional specifics of small terror campaigns and claims that agricultural workers were the largest group of victims. Social origin, army service experience and level of education played a certain role in the final sentence.


The spread of the COVID-19 has now crossed all known human borders with so much virulence and defiance to the acclaimed international efforts aimed at mitigating its impacts. The emergence of this disease in December 2019 at Wuhan in China has left the world in tatters; with collapsed national economies, massive loss of jobs and sources of livelihoods, a redefining of social ethics and concourse, and a restructuring of the ethos that guide our national ways of life. The increased risk of severe disease with COVID-19 is closely associated with advanced age (>50 years), male gender, hypertension, diabetes, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Cardiovascular diseases, and Cerebrovascular diseases. People Living With HIV are most prone to increased morbidity, and the advent of the COVID-19 has now created an additional comorbid burden on the over 37.9 million PLWH globally. There is no known cure or effective treatment for COVID-19 as at yet, but there are promising therapeutic alternatives. People Living With HIVstands a better chance of a positive disease outcome when infected with COVID-19 provided their viral load is suppressed, if they are on an active HIV Antiretroviral Therapy, if they have a high CD4 T-helper cells counts (>200 cells/µL), and provided they have no underlying chronic diseases conditions. Some studies have shown that a dysregulated immune response might be responsible for conferring some level of protection against the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection in HIV patients. Thus, the disease outcome of People Living with HIV who are co-infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus is no different from the prognostic outlook of any averagely healthy individual infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus without any underlying chronic health conditions.


a half used English in speech and writing with conspicuous ability, and that as scholars we should try to assess the nature of that achievement. We should do so not because writing in Indian English is an exotic plant, but because it can count among its practitioners writers of verse, prose, fiction, and criticism who are read and written upon by serious scholars in India and abroad. I presume that no one who can write a great poem or novel in an Indian language prefers to write an inferior one in English. The medium is a matter of inner compulsion and it will be rejected it if inhibits response, distorts truth, does not create what it pretends to convey. Joseph Conrad has admitted: 'If I had not written in English I would not have written at all.' And yet he knew enough French to write in it while he had not learnt English until he was sixteen. It seems, too, he often got confused between 'shall' and 'will'


An investigation was made of optical parametric oscillation in an LiNbO3 crystal in the presence of a photorefractive interference diffraction grating induced in the bulk of a crystal by two pump beams. When the Bragg diffraction and noncollinear phase matching conditions were satisfied simultaneously by components of the radiation generated parametrically, selection was exhibited by the emission spectrum: the width of the spectrum in the plane of convergence of the pump beams was 3.5 cm−1 when the divergence of the radiation was 1 mrad.


Fouling will be caused by using reclaimed water as the heat medium of plate heat exchangers.Therefore,the performance of plate heat exchangers will be depressed.An experiment system for plate heat exchanger was built to study the fouling problem by monitoring the coefficient of thermal transmission and pressure drop on-line.The time-varying process of the fouling in the reclaimed water side from origin status to a set value was investigated.The experiment results are important in the design and operation of the reclaimed water source heat pump system.


The section on graphical symbols is more US oriented than most, on the basis that anyone requiring them is likely to be working, directly or indirectly, for the US Department of Defense, so the great majority are referenced MIL STD. In general, however, this book could be even more useful outside the USA than within, since so much technical literature is American and its symbols and abbreviations less known outside.


Non-isothermal turbulent flow calculations for confined coaxial streams are presented. A marching-forward numerical integration technique is used to sweep the computational domain. Cases of gradual duct enlargement and contraction are analyzed. Turbulence is handled with the standard {kappa}-{epsilon} model. Within contractions, turbulence is damped, whereas in expansions the value of {kappa} is increased. Heat transfer analysis follows showing dissimilarities between heat and momentum transfer. In accelerated flows the Nusselt number increases whereas in enlargements overall turbulent heat transfer is damped.


Traditionally, protein structure comparison has focused on global similarity between two structures. Recent research has focused on finding local structural features in common among a group of proteins. Such shared features are called spatial motifs and correspond to amino-acid packing patterns that may be implicated in function shared among the proteins in the group [4, 5, 6]. Searching for spatial motifs shared among multiple proteins yields fewer spurious results and improved statistical significance of features than those found using pairwise analysis. However, the basic techniques involved are considerably more complex. We propose to demonstrate the current state of our efforts on this problem. Our most recent implementations locate shared spatial motifs among a group of several dozen protein structures in tens of seconds. The motifs are sequence order independent and may occur in every member of a group of proteins or a significant fraction of them (as specified by a threshold parameter). The spatial motif matching process accommodates variation inherent in structure determination. With our current software we expect to be able to provide real time responses to queries submitted by users in the ISMB demo session. Our command line and simple Graphics User Interface (GUI) shown in 1 is being extended. We intend to present a web-based interface with a fully integrated GUI to our server that implements our algorithms and provides access to PDB structures and previously determined spatial motifs. The kernel of our software package is a subgraph mining algorithm that detects all frequent subgraphs from a graph database with a user specified minimal frequency. Our algorithm uses the pattern growth paradigm [3] with an efficient depth first enumeration scheme, searching through the graph space for frequent subgraphs. The recent algorithm incorporates several improvements by taking into account the properties of protein 3D structural graphs, searching only for maximal subgraphs, and incorporating constraints about interesting motifs [1, 2]. Using the tool, we are able to locate common functionally-correlated motifs from proteins with different global structures, such as a NAD binding motif from proteins with different folds [1], which are hard to be identified using sequence or global structure comparison. The algorithm FFSM [3] is written in C++ and compiled and tested in the Linux environment. This software is freely downloadable from http://www.cs.unc.edu/∼huan/FFSM.html. We will demonstrate an improved version, CliqueHashing, which will soon be released at the same web site, with the improvements we discussed.


The innovative event is dedicated towards to provide an innovative place for the engineers, researchers and scholars to showcase and advance the research areas in the fields of Engineering, Sciences and Humanities. The annual event will be conducted for discussions with community around key topics and latest research practices and areas.


In this article, we report the findings of a qualitative, collective case study exploring the academic experiences of six grade 11 gifted students in two schools in diverse socio-economic communities in rural Western South Africa. Gifted students represent an important component of a nation's intellectual capital. They possess the qualities needed to find innovative solutions for many scientific and social challenges. Despite inclusive education policy initiatives aimed at ensuring quality education for all, the extant research indicates that gifted students from all socio-economic levels and cultures are neglected in South African classrooms. In this study, the voices of the students themselves were analysed. Whilst they are on the receiving end of education policy and teaching initiatives, their contributions are seldom sought. Our data collection methods included multiple measures and six in-depth individual semi-structured interviews as well as a focus group interview with all the subjects. The informal findings showed that academically gifted students from both affluent and disadvantaged backgrounds face similar challenges. They often feel neglected and academically under-stimulated. Recommendations were made to address their needs more appropriately.


The process of automatically tracking people within video sequences is currently receiving a great deal of interest within the computer vision research community. In this paper we contrast the performance of the popular Mean-Shift algorithmpsilas gradient descent based search strategy with a more advanced swarm intelligence technique. Towards this end, we propose the use of a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to replace the gradient descent search, and also combine the swarm based search strategy with a Probabilistic Data Association Filter (PDAF) state estimator to perform the track association and maintenance stages. Performance is shown against a variety of data sets, ranging from easy to complex. The PSO-PDAF approach is seen to outperform both the Mean-Shift + Kalman filter and the single-measurement PSO + Kalman filter approach. However, PSOpsilas robustness to low contrast and occlusion comes at the cost of higher computational requirements.


The present study aimed to determine the trace amount of iron by using highly selective and sensitive spectrophotometric reagents in water, food, and pharmaceutical samples. For this, as-triazine containing ferroin-yielding chromogens; 3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine (PDT) and 3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-bis(p-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazine (PBMPT) have been synthesized. The absorptiometric characteristics of the iron(II) complexes with PDT and PBMPT such as complex formation, sensitivity determination, composition determination have also been studied. It has been observed that these highly sensitive and selective ferroin-yielding reagents act as bidentate ligands and form intensive colored tris-complexes with iron(II) ions. The application of these spectrophotometric reagents for the determination of iron in water, food, and pharmaceutical samples has been described.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(4), 299-306, 2021


We devised an electronically controllable plasmonic modulator capable of changing the phase of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. It is based on a well-established GaAs semiconductor technology. We demonstrate the phase tunability of the device over the range of up to [Formula: see text] at the insertion loss of −2.2 dB. The phase shifter operates at frequencies of up to 0.27 THz and temperatures of up to 80 K. The design is readily scalable to a planar phased array—a key component in beamforming technologies used in THz communication.


On basis of the features of the rapid construction and long-distance delivery of the diversion tunnel of the Water Diversion Channel Project from Datong River to Huang River in Qinghai province,for which double-shielded TBMs are used,this paper proposes the long-distance centralized automatic dispatch control of track delivery trains inside the tunnel via centralized dispatch control system.It is determined that for super-long tunnels,single-track transportation system will be adopted and fixed passing stations will be installed at certain intervals in accordance with the transport volume required by the planned advance rate and the capacity of the transportation system.The paper presents the equipment composition,control theory,station interlock control and interval blocking of the dispatch control system for the transportation trains inside super-long tunnels.The paper proposes two control modes,i.e.,train entering control mode and mode of interval blocking control of arriving and departing trains.The paper also proposes the field bus distribution control system consisting of optical cable transmission,computer interlock and PLC control.


Previous work from our laboratory documented the expression of L‐type (CaV1.2) and T‐type (CaV3.1/CaV3.2) Ca2+ channels in rat cerebral arterial smooth muscle. In this study, we examine, in greater detail, the electrophysiological and regulatory properties of these voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels. Using whole‐cell patch clamp electrophysiology and Ba2+ as charge carrier, whole‐cell Ba2+ current was pharmacologically subdivided into nifedipine‐sensitive and ‐insensitive components. The nifedipine‐sensitive component displayed L‐type characteristics such as slow activation/inactivation at depolarized voltages. In contrast, the nifedipine‐insensitive current displayed T‐type Ca2+ channel properties such as fast activation/inactivation; this current could be further subdivided into CaV3.1 and CaV3.2 components based on Ni2+ sensitivity. Modulators of Protein kinase A (PKA) were found to affect T‐type, but not the L‐type Ca2+ channel activity in cerebral arterial smooth muscle. In greater detail, PKA activators (isoproterenol, forskolin and db‐cAMP) were observed to inhibit peak T‐type Ca2+ current and evoke a leftward shift in the activation/inactivation kinetics. While PKA inhibitors (KT5720, PKI 14–22) did not alter the magnitude of the T‐type Ca2+ channel current, they did prevent forskolin‐mediated inhibition. Forskolin's inhibitory effect on the T‐type Ca2+ channel was similarly abolished by stHt31, a peptide inhibitor of A‐kinase anchoring protein. In summary, the study provides the first detailed electrophysiological delineation of L‐ and T‐type Ca2+ channels in cerebral arterial smooth muscle. Intriguingly, it shows that T‐type Ca2+ channels are also selectively targeted by signaling pathways that mediate arterial vasodilation.


Compared with conventional reservoir, shale reservoir has distinctive characteristics such as ultra-low porosity and permeability, rich in organic matter and special ways of shale gas occurrence. These make remarkable differences between the evaluation of shale reservoir and conventional reservoir. To make an authentic assessment study on inorganic pore in shale, this article evaluated the inorganic pore of Niutitang shale in Qiannan depression with the helping of SEM, thin section and so on. Results of the study suggested that in Niutitang shale formation there mainly developed three kinds of inorganic pores, including floc interparticle pore, micro-channel and micro-fracture. Besides, all the inorganic pore diameters there were less than 5μm, most distributed in 0.25μm-1.0μm and its inorganic porosity values range from 1.71% to 3.86%, the average value was 2.67%.


Resistive switching in voltage biased point contacts (PCs) based on series of transition metals tellurides (TMTs) such as MeTe2 (Me=Mo, W) and TaMeTe4 (Me= Ru, Rh, Ir) has been observed. The switching occurs between a low resistive metallic-type state and a high resistive semiconducting-type state by applying certain bias voltage (below 1V), while reverse switching takes place by applying voltage of opposite polarity. The switching effect consists in changing the PC resistance up to two orders of magnitude, which increases with decreasing temperature. The origin of the effect can be formation of domain in PC core by applying a bias voltage, when a strong electric field (about 10kV/cm) modifies crystal structure and/or control its polarization. Besides, impact of domain wall with topological interfacial states is also considered. Thus, we demonstrate the new functionality of studied TMTs arizing from switchable domains in submicron hetero-structures, that is promising, e. g., for non volatile RRAM engineering.
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The mathematical grounding, algorithmic thinking and intense exposure to design in the context of computing in the Computer Science and Design (CSD) programme empower you to tackle challenging problems and develop need-driven computing solutions, instead of simply focusing on tech-driven solutions


Objective To investigate the clinical efficacies with the extracted autogenous skull flaps transplanted into the outer table of the ilium for preservation.Methods The bone flaps obtained from initial decompressive craniotomy in the patients with craniocerebral injuries were transplanted into their outer table of the ilium and then examined by X-ray periodically.Six months later, the bone flaps were removed again for repairing the skull defect.Meanwhile,therapeutic outcomes of the patients whose bone flaps were stored in abdominal wall were compared with the ones whose bone flaps were preserved in the outer table of the ilium.Results The autogenous bone flaps transplanted into the outer table of the ilium had the advantages of less absorption and more intact size as compared with the ones transplanted into abdominal wall.After cranioplasty,the autogenous bone flaps had a favorable fuse with the skull bone around.Conclusion Autogenous bone flaps transplanted into the outer table of the ilium have hardly any bone absorption and keep the activity for a long time.Such a preservation in vivo of autogenous bone flaps is a satisfactory method.


Study of an unpublished book of ordinances of the 15 th to 17 th centuries pertaining to the silk velvets weavers of Valencia, conserved in The Hispanic Society of America in New York. Its comparison with the Valencian silk ordinances that we already know provides new information on 15th century textile technology.


According to the characteristic of maneuvering targets tracking system, adaptive track predicting control is proposed from the point of predicting the motion track of the maneuvering target. For this method, least mean square(LMS) adaptive filter is applied to estimate the future track of the target. The structure of this filter is simple and the calculation amount is small. It is therefore suitable to being used in real-time control system. Testing results have proved that the control method can improve the tracking precision for maneuvering targets obviously.


The slow-scan television camera being built for NASA's Galileo Jupiter Orbiter consists of a 1500-mm-focal-length telescope coupled to a camera head housing a newly developed 800-X-800-element charge-coupled device (CCD) detector based on "virtual-phase" charge transfer technology. This detector provides broadband sensitivity over 100 times that of a comparable vidicon-tube camera while also yielding improved resolution, linearity, geometric fidelity, and spectral range. The system noise floor is 30 electrons, which results in a dynamic range of about 3500. The noise floor is limited by the production of small amounts of unwanted charge within the detector due to clocking the gate voltages during image read-out. Saturation of the detector with 9000-A light, followed by a high-speed erasure cycle prior to exposing each image, stabilizes the detector quantum efficiency at its maximum level for wavelengths beyond 7000A. In the near-Jovian radiation belts, interactions of high-energy particles with the silicon CCD result in the production of unwanted charge. Special techniques have been implemented (e.g., tantalum and quartz shielding, rapid image readout, and 2 x 2 picture-element on-chip averaging) to ensure adequate signal-to-noise performance for images acquired as close to Jupiter as five planetary radii. Instabilities in the inertially pointed scan platform on which the camera is mounted will at times limit image resolution by introducing smear into the pictures.


Many surgeons perceive total pancreatectomy (TP) for pancreatic adenocarcinoma to be associated with inferior outcomes compared to partial pancreatectomy (PP), such as pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and distal pancreatectomy (DP). We sought to analyze peri‐operative mortality and long‐term survival following TP versus PP for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.


Some selected results are reported from an ongoing study concerning mechanochemical dehalogenation reactions carried out under autopropagating high-temperature regimes. The work shows that instantaneous burning reactions can be ignited in highly exothermic systems involving chloroorganics when subjected to intensive mechanical treatments. A reference trial using calcium hydride-hexachlorobenzene is first presented. No residual traces of the organohalide compound were found in the reacted powders or in the gaseous phase sampled from the headspace of the milling reactor. The solid products of the reaction were restricted to CaHCl and CaCl[sub 2] salts and graphite. Similar combustion-like phenomena were observed when contaminated mud samples were added to initial reactants. The contaminated mud was obtained from a waste site and contained traces of polychlorodibenzodioxins and polychlorodibenzofurans. It was observed that an effective chemical oven was created which caused the thermochemical breakdown of the hazardous compounds. A transformation yield greater than 99.6% was obtained with a decrease of the toxic equivalent concentration from 2,492 to 0.788 [micro]g/kg. Unlike conventional incineration methods, the mechanically induced burst processes run under a strictly confined environment and controlled conditions.


Intelligent decision support systems (IDSS) creation problems during the local area network's (LAN's) design are investigated in the work. On the basis of the comparative analysis of the traditional and new information technology possibilities the IDSS structure allowing to solve the posed tasks is proposed.


China is harassed by multiple disasters,which cause great loss.Cities are increasingly under the threat of disasters in the process of urbanization.However,for historical reasons,disaster risk is insufficiently managed,with short relief supplies,public unawareness of disaster prevention and overdependence on government.Therefore,for society to develop harmoniously,urban management of disaster risks should be reinforced by enhancing public awareness of handling disasters among the communities,improving community infrastructure and perfecting laws and regulations concerning natural disasters.


Epochs of transition keep us on the alert. They ask us to keep our eyes open upon the distant horizons, our minds listening to seize every indication that can enlighten us: reading, reflection, searching, must never stop; the mind must keep flexible in order to lose nothing, to acquire any knowledge that can aid our mission. . . . Immobility and arrested development bring decadence; a beauty, fully unfolded, is ready to perish. So, let us not rest on our beautiful past.—Janet Erskine Stuart, RSCJ, 1914The above quote from Janet Erskine Stuart of the Society of the Sacred Heart, fondly referred to as Mother Stuart, was written in 1914, at a time when the world was in turmoil. A religious congregation that has included many remarkable and forward-thinking women, the Society has a reputation for persevering and growing stronger during times of change. Born out of the French Revolution, the society was formed in France to educate children in a time when a new world was emerging. Education endures as a core value of the Society—and most importantly, the concept of educating the whole person. Indeed, the goals that guide the Society of the Sacred Heart include a deep respect for intellectual values, social awareness, and personal growth in an atmosphere of wise freedom.


Embedded materials prepared from MCM-41 together with BE or TON were synthesized, characterized and tested in the ring opening of decalin in a temperature range of 523–623 K. The characterization results revealed that both microporous and mesoporous phases were present in the catalyst. Ir-modification did not change the phase purity, affecting, however, the acidity due to metalsupport interactions. The parameters studied in ring opening of decalin were support structure, presence of Ir and temperature. The detailed analysis of 2D/3D isomers and ring opening products showed that the main ring opening products contained ethyl side chain. The Ir-modified embedded mesoporous catalysts were active and relatively selective in the ring opening of decalin, giving 35 % selectivity to the ring opening products at 98 % conversion at 573 K and 6 MPa.


The detectability for a noise-enhanced composite hypothesis testing problem according to different criteria is studied. In this work, the noise-enhanced detection problem is formulated as a noise-enhanced classical Neyman–Pearson (NP), Max–min, or restricted NP problem when the prior information is completely known, completely unknown, or partially known, respectively. Next, the detection performances are compared and the feasible range of the constraint on the minimum detection probability is discussed. Under certain conditions, the noise-enhanced restricted NP problem is equivalent to a noise-enhanced classical NP problem with modified prior distribution. Furthermore, the corresponding theorems and algorithms are given to search the optimal additive noise in the restricted NP framework. In addition, the relationship between the optimal noise-enhanced average detection probability and the constraint on the minimum detection probability is explored. Finally, numerical examples and simulations are provided to illustrate the theoretical results.


that the students' problem-solving skills showed differences depending upon their gender, their grade in school, their fathers' education and occupation.


Abstract Phenomenological accounts of self-consciousness are often said to combine two elements by means of a necessary connection: the primitive and irreducible subjective character of experiences and the idealist transcendental constitution of consciousness. In what follows I argue that this connection is not necessary in order for an account of self-consciousness to be phenomenological, as shown by early phenomenological accounts of self-consciousness – particularly in Munich phenomenology. First of all, I show that the account of self-consciousness defended by these phenomenologists was not influenced as much by Husserl as by two important figures in the prehistory of phenomenology: their teacher Theodor Lipps, and – indirectly, through Lipps' influence – Hermann Lotze. Second, I show that their account of self-consciousness takes the metaphysical realism underlying Lotze's and Lipps' views on the distinction between feeling and sensations seriously. I argue that this distinction played a central role in the development of many early phenomenological accounts of self-consciousness.


The invention discloses a wind speed detection device which is used for detecting the wind speed and comprises a wind speed detection switch and a connector which is electrically connected with the wind speed detection switch, wherein the wind speed detection switch comprises a survey pin and a leaf spring contacting with the survey pin; when the wind speed of the detected wind is out of blowing the leaf spring away from the survey pin, the survey pin is contacted with the leaf spring and the wind speed detection switch is switched on; when the wind speed is high enough and can blow the leaf spring away from the survey pin, the wind speed detection switch is switched off; and the connector is connected with an indicator capable of indicating the on/off state of the wind speed detection switch. In the wind speed detection device, the wind speed detection switch is used to replace an expensive sensor so as to greatly reduce the cost.


A method for immunological detection of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and cholinesterase (ChE) in amniotic fluid is described. By addition of a small amount of antihuman‐erythrocyte membrane antibody or anti‐pseudocholinesterase antibody to the sample before electrophoresis the two esterase bands on polyacrylamide gel (PAG) can be absorbed away. Similar staining results can also be obtained by specific inhibition of the two esterases with either BW 284C51 (AChE inhibitor) or Lysivane (ChE inhibitor). In cases with a faint AChE band and in cases with blood contamination the immune absorption technique makes interpretation easier.


One of the most common dermatological complaints among female is female pattern hair loss (FPHL). Serum vitamin D is a factor lately taken into consideration in approaching patients complaining of hair loss.


In order to study the characteristics of major pollutants emitted by motor vehicles, a tunnel test was carried out in a representative tunnel in downtown Xi'an. Through continuous online monitoring at both entrance and exit of the tunnel, meteorological data, traffic parameters and mass concentration data of PM2.5, CO, NOx, HC and VOCs were obtained. By calculating the emission factors of motor vehicles, it was found that the average emission factors of PM2.5, CO, NOx, HC and VOCs were(0.016±0.005),(1.097±0.398),(0.159±0.092),(0.179±0.089) and(0.317±0.172) g/(km·veh), respectively. The emission factors varied with time during the day, and the emission factors of PM2.5were obviously smaller than gaseous pollutants. In addition, the emission factors declined dramatically as compared to the previous study in China, which might owe to the improvement of fuel quality, engine efficiency,exhaust control technology and urban management.


Fat Grafting in the Hollow Upper Eyelids and Volumetric Upper Blepharoplasty Sir: W read with great interest the article entitled "Fat Grafting in the Hollow Upper Eyelids and Volumetric Upper Blepharoplasty" by Ramil.1 In this study, the author first proposed a classification for the hollowness in the upper eyelids according to the cause and extension of the hollow. Volumetric upper blepharoplasty and/or fat grafting were then performed based on the classification. The presented techniques were proven to be effective methods for periorbital rejuvenation. Because periorbital rejuvenation is a subject about which we have thought a great deal and on which we have worked intensively, we would like to offer our own thoughts about the associated techniques. Moreover, because there are significant differences in anatomy and the patient's desires and expectations between Westerners and Asians, cosmetic operations in Asians can be quite different from operations in Western patients. In this communication, we would like to share our experience. The author defined the upper eyelid ratio as the ratio between the infrabrow and the pretarsal area, using the supratarsal sulcus, the uppermost crease, or the shadow under the superior orbital rim as the demarcation point. The preoperative and postoperative ratios were then compared to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique. However, in our opinion, this measurement has many variables, and there is no reference to verify its reliability. Direct observation on the photographs may be more objective, and analysis with the help of three-dimensional scanning may be more accurate. Moreover, photographs with eyes closed are necessary for the analysis of the cosmetic outcomes because some drawbacks can only be detected under this condition. implant-based breast reconstruction outcomes. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015;135:245e–252e. 2. Colwell AS, Tessler O, Lin AM, et al. Breast reconstruction following nipple-sparing mastectomy: Predictors of complications, reconstruction outcomes, and 5-year trends. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014;133:496–506. 3. Fujimoto H, Ishikawa T, Satake T, et al. Donor site selection and clinical outcomes of nipple-areola skin-sparing mastectomy with immediate autologous free flap reconstruction: A singleinstitution experience. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2016;42:369–375. 4. Basta MN, Gerety PA, Serletti JM, Kovach SJ, Fischer JP. A systematic review and head-to-head meta-analysis of outcomes following direct-to-implant versus conventional two-stage implant reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015;136:1135–1144. 5. Phillips BT, Lanier ST, Conkling N, et al. Intraoperative perfusion techniques can accurately predict mastectomy skin flap necrosis in breast reconstruction: Results of a prospective trial. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2012;129:778e–788e. 6. Kanuri A, Liu AS, Guo L. Whom should we SPY? A cost analysis of laser-assisted indocyanine green angiography in prevention of mastectomy skin flap necrosis during prosthesis-based breast reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014;133:448e–454e. Westerners have a more prominent supraorbital arch, and the distance between the eyebrow and the upper eyelid margin is usually quite close. Based on these features, the fat injection in the hollow upper eyelid should be performed with the aim of lowering the supraorbital rim and filling the upper orbital area to push the skin that has retracted up into the orbit down onto the preseptal eyelid. This procedure may less likely make the eyelid be uneven or swollen. However, in Asians, the projections of the supraorbital arch and eye are similar, and the eyebrow is usually some distance away from the eye. Lipoinjection in the hollow upper eyelid, which has the above characteristics, is a procedure of filling fat in the sunken region of the eyelid to push the deep-set skin up. This type of fat grafting is a procedure with very high technical difficulty. Irregularity, lumps, and pachynsis may occur if the fat is placed too superficially (subcutaneously and even submuscularly). Deep injection may cause ptosis of the upper eyelid because the grafted fat increases the weight of the eyelid and limits the motion of the levator palpebrae superioris.2 For these reasons, lipoinjection in Asian eyelids must strictly follow the principle of less rather than more. Some modifications should be made when performing volumetric upper blepharoplasty on the hollow upper eyelids of Asians. Because of a lack of fascial attachments of the orbicularis oculi, levator aponeurosis, or orbital septum into the dermis, the orbicularis oculi muscle should be resected, rather than plicated, with the purpose of forming a definite upper eyelid crease. In addition, the orbital fat can still be released to some extent in some Asians with hollow eyelids. The released fat can be used to fill the hollow area during the blepharoplasty procedure. If the orbital fat is inadequate, fat grafting can be carefully and accurately performed through this open approach. Fat is primarily and mainly placed under the orbicularis oculi muscle. The degree of the relaxation of the orbital septum should be examined. The grafted fat may not locate in the desired position and may protrude into the depth of the orbit if the septum is too loose. Thus, tightening the septum is necessary. All of these procedures should be accomplished under local anesthesia with or without intravenous sedation. During fat grafting surgery, the morphologic changes of the upper eyelid should be detected with eyes open and closed. Postoperative care should be provided without any dressings or massage on the eyelids. DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004035


The method based on deep learning shows excellent performance in the field of photovoltaic modules defect detection. However, the defect samples of photovoltaic modules in industrial production are sparse and the characteristics are very different, which makes the detection method requiring a large number of defect samples training difficult to apply. To solve this problem, a semi-supervised anomaly detection model based on image inpainting (SIAD) is proposed for the detection of photovoltaic modules defects. SIAD network structure follows the design of DRAEM model. In the training stage, a large number of normal samples are used. At the same time, based on the defect information of a small amount of abnormal samples, the hybrid mask strategy is used to simulate the defective area to participate in training. In this way, the model can achieve better performance with little annotation workload. Meanwhile, context attention module (CAM) is used to extract long distance dependence in the bottleneck of autoencoder to improve the quality of image inpainting, and improve the ability of defect location. Compared with other anomaly detection methods, this method achieves the best detection performance on the EL image dataset of photovoltaic modules.


Aiming at the increasing demands of depth of experience for tour guiding and the defects of existing electronic guide tool,such as high rents,restricted to a particular attraction,a new idea of electronic tour guiding service based on mobile Internet was presented in this paper.With the development of the third generation(3G) network and the popularity of smart phones,mobile terminals are becoming portable receiving tools for multimedia information.In the meanwhile mass of the tour guiding information is produced and stored on the cloud server side.The system implemented many functions,including convenient resource management,tour information creation,terminal adaption and multimedia information publishment and enabled several approaches to access tour information,such as SMS(Short Messaging Service),MMS(Multimedia Messaging Service),two-dimensional codes,in order to provide convenient services of graphic,audio and video commentary,routes tips,attractions recommendation and public facilities location for users.The service mode and effect were approved by potential customers in the process of promotion and demonstration.


The current status of the field of physiological plant ecology of tropical secondary tree species is reviewed, focusing on seed germination, net CO2 exchange studies, water relations, and energy balances; its contributions to the understanding of recovery in disturbed areas are discussed. Suggestions of areas in need of future research and methodology are provided. IN RECENT YEARS, the topic of secondary succession in tropical rainforests has received increasing attention due to the accelerated rates of destruction of these areas (G6mez-Pompa et al. 1972, Richards 1973). Secondary succession involves changes of community species composition, structure, and microclimate at a specific site (Pickett 1976). An understanding of the physiological ecology of secondary plants can further our understanding of the nature of the process of secondary succession. Yet except for research on seed germination, relatively little work has been done on the physiological ecology of secondary species in the tropics. This paper presents a brief summary of progress in the field of physiological ecology of tropical secondary tree species, discusses some of the ways in which studies can contribute to our understanding of the process of secondary succession in these forests, and indicates areas in need of future research. It will focus on secondary succession starting from clearcut areas since this is the topic for which most information is available. Secondary succession in naturally occurring canopy gaps, although important in the general dynamics of the forest populations, has scarcely been studied (Whitmore 1966).


A message broker 32 is described that can receive messages on a given topic from a number of publisher applications 31a/b. These messages are received at a plurality of publication points 323/324, which are data processing nodes at the beginning of specific processing paths through the broker. The messages may be processed 321 by the processing path, for example a transformation, before arriving at a subscription point 325. From here the message is forwarded to subscribers 33 interested in the subject matter of the message. The system allows publishers to publish messages in a single format, rather than all the formats required by subscribers, and the use of a single topic name to identify the subject of the message throughout the system, rather than one per format of the message. In the embodiment the system provides stock data to subscribers and the message transformation involves changing the currency that stock prices are quoted in.


For thin and shallow caps the title problem is carefully formulated. The outcome is a nonlinear system of two ordinary differential equations of second order; this system is amenable to a variational format through reduction to a single functional equation, which turns out to be the Euler–Lagrange equation of a suitable energy integral depending on a load parameter $\pi _0 $ and a thickness parameter $\kappa _0 $.It is shown that, for all admissible values of the parameters, a global minimizes exists that is unique for sufficiently large outward tractions; moreover, no matter what the cap's thickness, such a global minimizes tends to a flat pseudoconfiguration when $\pi _0 \to + \infty $. It is also shown that, for $\pi _0 = 0$, in addition to the unstressed reference configuration, a $\kappa _0 $-sequence of local minimizers exists, interpretable as everted stressed configurations of the cap; this sequence, for $\pi _0 \to + \infty $, tends to a pseudoconfiguration that is the reflection with respect to ...


Objective: To explore the early findings of HIE with diffusion weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient. Materials and Methods: Nineteen newborn pigs were divided into five groups as follows: normal control group(n=2), sham operation group(n=2), 3 hours after cerebral hypoxic-ischemia group(n=5), 6 hours after cerebral hypoxic-ischemia group(n=5), and 24 hours after cerebral hypoxic-ischemia group(n=5). The model of cerebral hypoxic-ischemia was made by occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries, then inspiration of 3% oxygen for 30 minutes. T2WI and diffusion-weighted images (DWI) were performed on a 1.5T Magnet scanner at various time point. For DWI, b values of 0 and 1000s/mm2 were used. Apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) values were measured in the central regions and peripheral regions of lesions. Results: Abnormal signal intensity was detected on DWI and ADC maps in all three hypoxic-ischemia groups. ADC values in the central lesions were (0.556±0.065)×10-3mm2/s, (0.466±0.059)×10-3mm2/s, (0.371±0.023)×10-3mm2/s for the three hypoxic-ischemia groups respectively. ADC values in the peripheral regions were (0.817±0.069)×10-3mm2/s, (0.793±0.062)×10-3mm2/s, (0.534±0.039)×10-3mm2/s, respectively. There were significant statistical differences(P0.01) between ADC values of the central regions and those of the peripheral regions. Conclusion: Compared with T2WI, DWI and ADC maps can be utilized to identify more early lesions, and improve conspicuity of hypoxic-ischemic injury. ADC values can be used as an objective measure for hypoxic-ischemic injury. Cerebral tissue damage reversibility could be further reflected with the information of ADC values.


OBJECTIVE
To characterize the health insurance status of farm workers' children, an understudied topic.

DESIGN
A population-based multistage survey.

SETTING
Employer-based study conducted in the continental United States from 2000 to 2002.

PARTICIPANTS
A total of 3136 parents with children younger than 18 years and no children residing outside of the United States who participated in the US Department of Labor's National Agricultural Workers Survey, which is administered to a national probability sample of US farm workers.

OUTCOME MEASURES
Children's parent-reported health insurance status.

RESULTS
Of the farm workers who were parents, 87% were Latino, 81% were foreign born, 15% were migrant workers, 55% had less than a sixth-grade education, and 68% reported little to no English language proficiency. Thirty-two percent of all farm-worker parents, including 45% of migrant-worker parents, reported that their children were uninsured. In multivariate analyses, older parental age (odds ratio [OR] for parents aged 30-39 years, 1.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-2.50; OR for parents aged >/=40 years, 3.07; 95% CI, 1.99-4.74), less parental education (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.09-2.10), less time in the United States (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.56-0.91 per 10 years in the United States), being a migrant worker (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.31-2.93), and living in the Southeast (OR, 3.17; 95% CI, 2.00-5.02) or Southwest (OR, 3.91; 95% CI, 2.32-6.57) were significantly associated with having uninsured children.

CONCLUSIONS
Farm workers' children were uninsured at roughly 3 times the rate of all other children and almost twice the rate of those at or near the federal poverty level. Programs aimed at extending insurance coverage for children should consider the unique social barriers that characterize this vulnerable population of US children. Moreover, there is significant regional variation that may reflect varying levels of insurance resources and eligibility from state to state.


Collegial bodies can react to time pressure either by speeding up their procedure or by transferring urgent decisions to a special organ which can decide very quickly. In Germany, the representative bodies of local government have both options. This article examines decisions of urgency taken by a special organ of local government.
This article analyses the circumstances in which such decisions are taken based on the relevant literature as well as on self-collected data from cities in North Rhine Westphalia. The results can be put into five categories. Although the relevant Länder laws vary at the level of detail, they are united by a common structure. They determine that a decision is urgent only when the representative body – even applying an accelerated procedure – cannot decide in time. They set out which organ is legally competent to decide and require that the representative body of local government either approves the decision in retrospect or is, at least, informed of it. According to these regulations the decision of urgency is always concomitant with a decision on the legal competency of the special organ and on the administrative matter at hand. Their application raises numerous legal questions.
In the majority of cases, decisions of urgency are taken in violation of the legal requirement, even though the representative body could have taken the decision by applying an accelerated procedure. From the perspective of those involved calling a special meeting takes too much time and effort to decide on an issue which is, in most cases, completely uncontested. Currently, a correction of this unlawful practice by legal means virtually impossible. It is, therefore, suggested that each member of the representative body should be given standing to bring a claim for judicial review. In terms of legal policy, urgent decisions should to be allowed also when the representative body cannot decide in time at the next regular meeting.


We proposed a new non-volatile memory with magnetic nano-dots (MND) dispersed in an insulating film as charge retention layer. We evaluated fundamental characteristics of FePt magnetic nano-dot film which is employed in such new magnetic nano-dot memory. We successfully formed a highly ordered L1 0 phase face-centered tetragonal structured FePt nano-dot ( < 4.2nm) films on Si 3 N 4 (5nm)/SiO 2 (10nm)/silicon substrates and SiO 2 (10nm)/ silicon substrate by using SAND method. The uniformity of FePt particle size is dramatically improved by introducing a Si 3 N 4 buffer layer on SiO 2 /Si substrate. In addition, it is found that FePt nano-dot film formed on Si3N4(5nm)/Si02(10nm)/Si substrate has a large coerce-ivity of ∼22 kOe at room temperature.


In this study, an experiment was conducted to examine whether noise exposure produced acute changes in cardiovascular responses, and whether these responses differed based on psychoacoustic parameters to noises of low to high intensity.


Excessive sitting time and smoking are pro‐inflammatory lifestyle factors that are associated with both cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. However, their joint associations have not been investigated. We examined the associations of television (TV) viewing time with cancer and CVD mortality, according to smoking status, among 7,498 non‐smokers (34% ex‐smokers) and 1,409 current‐smokers in the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study. During 117,506 person‐years (median 13.6 years) of follow‐up, there were 346 cancer and 209 CVD‐related deaths. Including an interaction between TV time and smoking status in the model significantly improved the goodness of fit for cancer (p = 0.01) but not CVD mortality (p = 0.053). In the multivariate‐adjusted model, every additional hr/d of TV time was associated with increased risk of cancer‐related (HR 1.23; 95% CI 1.08–1.40), but not CVD‐related mortality (HR 1.16; 95% CI 0.97–1.38) in current‐smokers. Elevated multivariate‐adjusted cancer mortality HRs were observed for current‐smokers watching 2 to <4 hr/d (HR 1.45; 95% CI 0.78–2.71) and ≥4 hr/d (HR 2.26; 95% CI 1.10–4.64), compared to those watching <2 hr/d. Current‐smokers watching 2 to <4 hr/d (HR 1.07; 95% CI 0.45–2.53) and ≥4 hr/d (HR 1.92; 95% CI 0.76–4.84) did not have a significantly higher risk of CVD mortality, compared to <2 hr/d. No associations were observed for non‐smokers. These findings show an association of TV, a common sedentary behavior, with cancer mortality in current‐smokers. The association with CVD mortality was less clear. Further exploration in larger data sets is warranted. Limiting TV viewing time may be of benefit in reducing cancer mortality risk in current‐smokers.


This final rule will revise the Medicare conditions of participation for hospitals and critical access hospitals (CAHs) to provide visitation rights to Medicare and Medicaid patients. Specifically, Medicare- and Medicaid-participating hospitals and CAHs will be required to have written policies and procedures regarding the visitation rights of patients, including those setting forth any clinically necessary or reasonable restriction or limitation that the hospital or CAH may need to place on such rights as well as the reasons for the clinical restriction or limitation.


The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical synthesis, and in particular relates to a method for preparing 3-ethoxy ethyl propionate. The method comprises a synthesizing step and a refining step, wherein the synthesizing step adopts ethanol and ethyl acrylate as raw materials to carry out addition under the action of a catalyst, and the catalyst adopts alkali metal or alkali alcoholate. The method has the following advantages: 1, the method adopts one of the raw materials as solvent to react, so as to reduce solvent recovery and consumption in the production process; 2, the reaction catalyst uses basic catalyst such as sodium metal and the like, so as to improve reaction yield greatly; 3, the dosage of the reaction catalyst is reduced to about 2 percent, so as to lower amount of salt greatly after the reaction is finished, and reduce byproducts; 4, the reaction time can be shortened to 3 hours, so as to improve production efficiency; and 5, fore zeolite obtained in distillation can be used for next reaction, so as to achieve circular application, so that the proposal reaches green chemical requirement.


Distribution system of a fluid product comprising a device (1) extraction apresion of said product and a sleeve (5), said system a push button (2) for driving said device is mounted translationally further comprising about the sleeve (5) by unrecorrido distribution / aspiration product, said push button comprising a body on which sedispone a cap (15) around an insert (16) to form a distribution chamber (17) question cap and said insert, said distribution chamber in flow communication above being with unconducto supply (20) mounted on a feed tube pressurized product (3), comprendiendodicha camera one downstream portion provided with at least one distribution channel product ( 21) unazona spray (22) which provides the opposite side of the front end (23) of the insert (16), characterized dichosistema that the insert (16) having an internal chamber (24) opening into an orifice (25 ) formed at the front end (23) of said insert opposite the central part of the spray zone (22), said internal chamber being in communication with a piston chamber (26) is formed between the cuerpodel push button (2 ) and the sleeve (5), said piston chamber a variable volume depending laposicion the push button (2) relative to the sleeve (5) to inject air into or exhausting air from, the camarainterna (24) and, therefore, the central part of the spray zone (22) by the distribution route, or deaspiracion, of said push button.


The ideas of modern curriculum reform stress that teachers should treat each student sincerely and equally;cooperation and interaction should be emphasized between teachers and students;teachers should have the belief and ability of putting understanding,tolerance and research students on the first place.Democratic,equal and life-long educational require teachers should learn to cooperate,appreciate,share,tolerate,study,innovate,wait,choose,listen and be lonely for their own development.


Teachers of physics can build a terrace to let students learn physics happily if they have a better understanding of students' psychological and physical charactotistics,demands,motivation of learning, their knowledge structure, and respect students with affirming their strong and weak points.Only by doing so,can the teachers of physics make students"Want to learn"instead of "being forced to learn".


One important aim of economic reform in China is to allow state-owned enterprises to be more market driven. This contribution, based on an industry competition model and four cornerstones for indicating economy transformation, scrutinizes the major changes taking place in the Chinese construction industry. It finds that the behaviour of key stakeholders such as managers, contractors, government, suppliers, clients, and new entrants in the industry has dramatically changed. However, a contractual chain within the industry is far from complete, and relationships between the main stakeholders are problematic. Thus, further reforms are needed to maintain industry's orderly development.


Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristic of pediatric glycogen storage disease. Methods:42 children who were diagnosed as liver glycogen storage disease during January 1990 January 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: 42 chil-dren(male 33,9 female,age 0. 5-17. 5yrs)showed hepatomegaly, liver size of 40 cases (95. 2%)were moderate to severe enlargement. 30 case (71. 4%) had fasting hypoglycemia, hypoglycemic convulsions occurred only in two children. 14 cases (33. 3%)showed growth retardation. Histology of 36 cases who experienced liver puncture all showed obvious glycogen storage in the liver, mild to moderate fibrosis existed in 23 cases (63. 9%). Conclusion:Glycogen storage disease is one of the common pediatric metabolic disease, there were obvious difference of clinical manifestation. Prompt diagnosis and treatment, rational dietary direction will improve prognosis of the disease.