OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to describe the longitudinal course of eating disorders in patients with borderline personality disorder.

METHOD
The SCID I was administered to 290 borderline inpatients and 72 participants with other axis II disorders during their index admission and at five contiguous 2-year follow-up periods.

RESULTS
The prevalence of anorexia, bulimia, and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) declined significantly over time for those in both study groups but the prevalence of EDNOS remained significantly higher among borderline patients. While over 90% of borderline patients meeting criteria for anorexia, bulimia, or EDNOS at baseline experienced a stable remission by the time of the 10-year follow-up, diagnostic migration was common, particularly for those with anorexia or bulimia. In addition, both recurrences (52%) and new onsets (43%) of EDNOS were more common among borderline patients than recurrences and new onsets of anorexia (28% and 4%) and bulimia (29% and 11%).

DISCUSSION
The results of this study suggest that the prognosis for both anorexia and bulimia in borderline patients is complicated, with remissions being stable but migrations to other eating disorders being common. The results also suggest that EDNOS may be the most prevalent and enduring of the eating disorders in these patients.


1,2 M. Planning (Urban), 2nd Year, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 3Associate Engineer, Qualcomm India Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore/ Former student, NIT Warangal ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract The past decade has been a tumultuous one with having civil wars, rubbery, rapes, murder, harassment, molestation, dowry killing, eve teasing etc have put pressure on the quality of life around the world as well as in India. The country India, is becoming unsafe for human society in all aspects. The crimes rates are increasing rapidly day by day in hourly basis. In India, the crime rates against women are growing at a higher rate with 6.4% growth rate. School going children, higher level students, the employed women, urban poor as well as pedestrianised are feeling unsafe due to increasing crime like; gang rapes, kidnaping, organ transplant, eve teasing, harassment etc. In the society, not only women but also other sectors people are also feeling unsafe due to increasing of different types of crimes. Although, the cities have been covered partially in the supervision of close circuit cameras, police patrolling, mobile based applications to reduce crime, still some where there is a lack in vigilance of those systems. This paper is recommending a quickly accessing mechanism technology along with the help of smart street light system which will be help full for women as well as road users during trouble. This plan can also be considering under smart city initiatives by Government of India. Under this project, a simple mechanism of switch will be available on the road side pole, which will be connected directed to the police control room or local police station through GSM network and microprocessor. The smart street pole, which will be having a Panic button, linked with city Adhar finger print system as well as a camera, LED bulb, GSM system, GPS and microcontroller (Arduino/Intel). Whenever, someone becomes the victim or witness any crime near the road side (in an empty road specially), it will be very easier for her/ him to reach out to the police station with in fraction of seconds by those street pole switches, just by a simple click. The clicking button will give access with co-ordinate system through microprocessor ATMEGA32 on the monitor of police control room so that the nearby police can reach out there and search over there within few radii of the smart pole. This programme is giving real time response with certain programming module which provides quick access. Thus the victim can be safe and can feel protecting to become pedestrianise and further can achieve smart mobility and NMT.


The atomistic and electronic structures of "grain boundaries" a nd "dislocations" in nanoscale semiconductors are studied using the O(N) generalized tig ht-binding molecular dynamics method. We compare the atomistic properties of nanocrystalline semi conductors containing "extended defects" with those of bulk-size materials. The atomic and electronic structures of misfit dislocations at semiconductor heterostructures including interface di sorder are also investigated using the density-functional tight-binding method. The misfit dislocat i ns both edge type 1/2 <110> (001) and 60 dislocations in the semiconductor heterostructures like Ge/Si (001) are studied and the critical layer thickness h c for the generation of misfit dislocations is determined.


by W. Hartmann, J. Kind, J.E. Meyer, P. MQIIer, and H. Steuber Acute schizophrenic symptoms can be effectively treated with neuroleptic drugs, but whether long-term administration of these agents can really prevent relapses has remained an issue. This question was the first of many addressed at a 3-day workshop on the efficacy and risks of neuroleptic drug treatment sponsored by the German Research Foundation. Another focus of discussion throughout the meeting was the problem of side effects and toxiciries associated with long-term neuroleptic treatment. Participants exchanged views on how to deal with these side effects and how to treat relapses in patients withdrawn from medication. At the workshop's conclusion, participants attempted to summarize presently accepted treatment guidelines and considered such unresolved questions as the optimal dosage for prophylactic treatment and the criteria for determining which schizophrenic patients do or do not require maintenance medication.


Orbit and adnexal lymphoproliferative lesions are comprised of 94.2% Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), 0.8% Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and 4% benign reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RHL). 1 Orbital and adnexal lymphoma includes 1-2% of all lymphomas and 8% of all extra-nodal lymphomas and comprises 20-30% of all orbital tumors. Male is preponderance than female (M: F= 2.23:1). Though orbital lymphoma is a disease of elderly but affecting the younger people in a recent trend and age ranges from 8 to 88 years with median age 60 years. 1-4 The ocular adnexal lymphoma is involving the orbit, 37%; conjunctiva, 29%; lacrimal, 20%; and eyelid, 14%. Unilateral OAL is 83% and primary orbit and adnexal lymphoma is about 72%. Extra-nodal marginal zone lymphoma (ENMZL) is the most common primary Orbit and adnexal lymphoma that is 62% of all primary OAL followed by follicular lymphoma (FL), 17% and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) at 10%. The most frequent secondary lymphoma is mantle cell lymphoma which accounts 22% of all secondary lymphomas. Clinical features may include gradual painless proptosis, mechanical ptosis, palpable Orbital Radiotherapy is the proved treatment modality to control the low grade localized OAL like ENMZL/MALT associated lymphoma and success rate is more than 90% of patients up to 10 years follow up. Radiotherapy may be used in combination with chemotherapy and immunotherapy in the cases of secondary lymphoma or with systemic involvement. The effective external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) doses are 25-30 Gy for low-grade OAL and 30-40 Gy for high-grade OAL.2 Chemotherapy is given indicated in the cases of OAL with systemic involvement or high-grade malignant lymphomas like DLBCL, mantle cell lymphoma, and small lymphocytic lymphoma. The most common chemotherapy regimen is CHOP therapy. When chemotherapy is given with local radiotherapy to orbit has a synergistic effect to control the OAL. A most common regimen is CHOP. 2,3,5 Newer treatment modalities are immunotherapy and radio-immunotherapy. Immunotherapies are interferon α 2b and anti-CD20 antibody rituximab. Sub Conjunctival or perilesional injection of IFN-α 2b is the effective treatment option to control localized ENMZL in patients without the systemic involvement and its disease control is 85% at 5 years follow up period. Rituximab can be used as alone or in combination with CHOP therapy known as R-CHOP therapy for DLBCL and others high-grade lymphoma. Radio-immunotherapy consists of combining radioisotope with rituximab. 3,8,9 Antibiotic may be used for positivity for Chlamydia psittaci in ENMZL. 2 Treated patients need long-term follow up to assess complications and recurrence. Follow up may be scheduled for every three months in the 1st year, every four months in a 2nd year, every six months


Telecommuting has become a popular option in recent years for workers in the business world seeking relieffrom lengthy, stressful commutes and workplace distractions. Working conditions in library technical services departments can be a problem for catalogers in need ofa quiet work environment. As technological advances continue to influence library cataloging applications, creating cataloging records from work sites outside the library is an attractive option for addressing library work environment concerns. Based on a successful program for indexers at the National Agriculture Library, a proposalfor an experimental telecommuting program for original cataloging in a university library was developed and tested.


ABSTRACT Community archaeology is about people engaging with archaeology. This could be as participants in an archaeological excavation, but also through interacting and creating meaning with the material gained through archaeological research. As an example of the latter, Museum Skanderborg, Denmark, is offering local community schools the possibility of participating in an educational role-play in the excavated ruins of Øm Abbey, a monastery from the fifteenth century. As they dress up in the woollen dress of the Cistercian order and receive new names, they enter and experience a simulation of a part of medieval life. This paper presents the experiences of a type of museum learning, a scenario-based role-play. The content of the play is laid out as inspiration to others, who might want to try this form of museum learning. The paper also discusses the learning premises of school classes visiting museums, when a schoolteacher cooperates with an external teacher.


INTRODUCTION: The development of autologous de novo cartilage in vitro requires chondrocyte isolation and a period of preculture before reimplantation. Implantation of an immature three dimensional implant may lead to premature failure. With this in mind we investigated whether the application of cyclical load and shear would increase the matrix synthesis within scaffold free, de novo cartilage-like constructs.


The main thrust of this paper is to examine the role of the National Human Rights Commission in post conflict situations in Nigeria. Given the series of conflicts and security challenges across the country, there is no doubt that with conflict underway, serious human rights violations will be recorded. And for there to be meaningful restoration of peace, issues of human rights must be addressed. Thus, the National Human Rights Commission established by the government in 1995 has the mandate of handling issues of human rights in areas where conflict has been experienced. However, it is pertinent to note that the mandates of the NHRC in post conflict situations differ from during times of peace as well as the challenges the face. Data from both primary and secondary sources reveal that the role of the Commission's in post conflict situations includes investigation of post conflict complaints, encouraging human-rights negotiations with conflict parties; obtaining justice and reparation for victims, monitoring and evaluating governments' post conflict policies inter alia. Though challenged by inadequate funding, lack of unskilled staff, lack of autonomy, the paper emphasizes that the NRHC is well-positioned to do significant and important work in post conflict situations.Key words: NHRC, Human Rights, Conflict, Post Conflict Situation, Nigeria


A serial sectioning study of the structure of human mitotic chromosomes 146 Vimentin, the 57000 molecular weight protein of fibroblast filaments, is the major cytoskeletal component in immature glia 191 Daudet, F., C. Augeron, Μ. Ollivier-Bousquet: Effet rapide in vitro de la colchicine, du chlorure d'ammonium et de la prolactine, sur la secretion des lipides du lait dans la glande mammaire. (Early action of colchicine, ammonium chloride, and prolactin, on secretion of milk lipids in the lactating mammary gland.) 197 in of F-actin crosslinked with aldehydes.) 320 and apparent digestion of cytoplasmic organelles by protein bodies (protein storage vacuoles) in mung bean cotyledons 226 Herzog, V., F. Miller: Structural and functional polarity of inside-out follicles prepared from pig thyroid gland 74 Junker, St., J. Chemnitz: Ultrastructural characterization of a mouse melanoma cell line, a mouse fibroblastic cell line, and hybrids between them 16 paracrystalline arrays of the plasma membrane of baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 216 Meinzer, P., see Schroeter, D. 131 Metenier, G.: Chronologie de la Synthese du DNA macro-nucleaire chez les formes predatrices de Tetrahymena para-vorax. (Timing of macronuclear DNA synthesis in carnivor-ous forms of Tetrahymena paravorax.) 252 Effect of colchicine on the Golgi ap paratus and on GERL of rat jejunal absorptive cells. Ultra-structural localization of thiamine pyrophosphatase and acid phosphatase activity 53 Pebusque, M.-J., A. Robaglia, R. Seite: Diurnal rhythm of nucleolar volume in sympathetic neurons of the rat superior cervical ganglion 128 in mouse hepatocytes exposed to vinblastine sulfate with spe cial reference to the intercellular junctions 203 Size of native and de natured DNA of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells isolated in the presence of different protease concentrations 131 ture of the connexons in hepatocyte gap junctions 211 and size distribution of intramembrane particles in the inner membrane of mitochondria from chloramphenicol-fed mice 101 Spring, H., W. W. Franke: Transcriptionally active chroma tin in loops of lampbrush chromosomes at physiological salt concentrations as revealed by electron microscopy of sec tions 298 Changes in the ultrastructure of actomyosin gel during hy-drolysis of ATP under various ionic conditions 116 of actin in the cor tex of Paramecium tetraurelia cells by immuno-and affinity-fluorescence microscopy 184 Tranum-Jensen, J., O. Behnke: Acetylcholinesterase in the platelet-megakaryocyte system. I. Structural localization in platelets of the rat, mouse, and cat 275 Tranum-Jensen, J., O. Behnke: Acetylcholinesterase in the platelet-megakaryocyte system. II. Structural localization in megakaryocytes of the rat, mouse, and cat 281 Tsanev, R., …


In order to detect the attitude of rolling airframe missile,which is important to accurate control missile,a novel attitude sensor is presented.The sensor consists of a MEMS gyroscope,an accelerometer and microprocessor (MSC1214) and can output the rolling,pitch and yaw angular rate of rolling airframe missile.The design of the hardware circuit,the algorithm and implement of software are presented.The results show that the sensor can senses three angular rate and the measurement results are agree with the actual value.The sensor has a practical application value.


If the control project of Poyang Lake adopt the principle of surrounding the Lake and storing flood and the reasonable dispatch method ,it can make good use of the present flood control resources and store the additional flood quantity of the Hukou area in order to improve the flood control system of Changjiang River and control the 1954-type flood.It has a good effect on Changjiang River and Poyang Lake.


Using the original approach that utilizes statistical thermodynamic theory that has been developed in our group the phase p-T diagram and hydrate phase composition have been calculated for "CO2 + H2 + H2O". Depending on the CO2 content in the gas phase two hydrates types can be formed: CS-I and CS-II. It has been found that increasing CO2 content in the gas phase drastically reduces hydrate formation pressure and in the same time reduces hydrogen uptake by the hydrate. While pure H2 hydrates have CS-II structure, addition of more than 2 mol.% of CO2 into the gas phase makes CS-I hydrate structure more stable, that displays worse maximum hydrogen content. These results could be helpful for practical use of hydrates for efficient CO2 utilization and H2 transportation.


The GeoMol Project focuses on the realization of 3D geological models of the Alpine Foreland Basins to support the assessment of subsurface potentials (geothermal energy, underground storage, groundwater, etc.).GeoMol will provide consistent 3-dimensional subsurface information based on a transnational workflow for 3D models production, coherent evaluation methods, and commonly developed criteria and guidelines.These data will be used to implement a 3D geological framework model and conceptual workflows for geo-potential assessment.The main challenge is to integrate data that come in a different domain of the vertical axis, specifically depth for well logs, time for seismic lines, isobaths and isopachs maps in both the domains.The approach proposed by the GeoMol Project will highlight the possible problems in the exploitation of the geopotential related to concurrent use of subsurface and to the presence of potential active faults.


ABSTRACT In this paper, we propose a simple linear multiple objective programming to deal with the fuzzy shortest path problem. The proposed approach does not need to declare 0-1 variables to solve the fuzzy shortest path problem because it meets the requirements of the network linear programming constraints. Therefore, the linear programming relaxation can be used to arrive at an integer solution without using the Branch and Bound technique, and the complexity of our proposed method can be reduced. A compromising non-dominated integer optimal solution, the fuzzy shortest path, can be obtained easily without adding extra constraints. This approach not only can obtain a fuzzy shortest path but also can reduce the complexity of solving the basic fuzzy shortest path problem without using 0-1 variables. Three examples with trapezoidal and triangular fuzzy numbers in arc length are used to demonstrate the proposed method in more details.


Some years have passed since the publication of Adrados' book History of the Graeco-Latin Fable, it is convenient to add some novelties. First of all, a mention must be added to books by Jedrkiewicz, van Dijk and also by Adrados. Then, a reference is needed also to Sumerian, Acadian and Egyptian fables which have left some motives in the greek Fable. In particular, are important some myths related to the creation of men and animals: their original nature must be preserved, if not bad consequences originate. That is the old wisdom of proverbs and fables, nature does nor change. Some omnipresent examples are presented.


According to various embodiments, an electrical oscillating circuit network of an inductively coupled plasma source may comprise: an electrical conductor (102) having a cavity structure for passing coolant through the electrical conductor (102) therethrough; a first capacitor (104-1), which by means of two terminals (104k) in such a way to the electrical conductor (102) is clamped, that the first capacitor (104-1) and the electrical conductor (102) form a first electrical resonant circuit; a second capacitor (104-2), which by means of two terminals (104k) in such clamped to the electrical conductor (102), that the second capacitor (104-2) and the electrical conductor (102) form a second electrical resonant circuit, wherein the second electrical resonant circuit is coupled to the first electrical resonant circuit, wherein the first electrical oscillatory circuit and the second electrical resonant circuit exactly one capacitor (104-1, 104-2) have.


The introduction of calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), first cyclosporine and later tacrolimus were major advances in immunosuppression, which permitted heart transplantation to be a widely accepted therapeutic option for the treatment of end-stage heart disease. With subsequent developments including the introduction of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), median survival has now extended to over a decade (1). However, despite these improvements in survival, transplant recipients have been plagued by significant morbidities associated with chronic CNI use, particularly renal insufficiency, with over half of surviving patients developing renal dysfunction at 5 years posttransplant (1). This has led to attempts to formulate immunosuppression regimens, which either minimize or avoid exposure to CNIs.


The aim of the work described in this Thesis was to investigate interfacial reactions in confinement on ultrathin homopolymer and diblock copolymer films, the immobilization of (bio)molecules and the fabrication of biomolecular patterns by reactive microcontact printing (µCP) on these reactive polymer films. Taking advantage of the microphase separation of diblock copolymer films, the fabrication of nanopatterns was investigated, which could contribute to the future development of a model system that enables one to area-selectively deposit (write) and address (read out) (bio)molecules.


Advances in and prospect of Titanium dioxide photocatalytic degradation of pesticides manufacturing technology.The advances in Titanium dioxide photocatalytic degradation of pesticides manuf acturing technology were reviewed In the paper.The features the tcchnologies for industrial production of Titanium dioxide photocatalytic degradation of pesticides were dis cussed and reviewed.Processes of Living things amino acids dproducing and optimum conditions and new development of magnesium borate whisker and their ststus quo and devepmant trends of sends at home and abroad have been presented in the article for future development of application are evaluated and marked demand.


The article presents the morphological parameters of the University of Physical Education female students aged 18-23 years, active in cyclic sports: cross-country skiing, track and field athletics (cross) and swimming in comparison with students of the same age group but not involved in professional sports. The purpose is to determine the characteristics of anthropometric parameters among the female athletes aged 18-23 years with regard to their motor activity. When comparing athletes sample and female sample not involved in sports, it was found that female athletes differed from the control sample by a number of anthropometric characteristics marking the masculinization. Female representatives in cyclic sports showed high values of total body size, width of shoulders, muscular component and less fat compared to the control group. It was shown that the proportional correlation between the size of the pelvis and shoulder width (masculinization index) is an important criterion in the assessment of morphological constitution of female athletes in this age group. Anthropometric data obtained indicate the different physical characteristics of female athletes, formed in the process of training of a certain motor activity, and can be used as morphological criteria in the sports selection and specialization.


This paper presents some new ways of uncovering underlying structures, including the roles that vertices play in the network. We begin by defining a property we call structural similarity. We then define a structure-connected cluster (SCC) as a collection of vertices they have strong structural similarity. Finally, we propose an algorithm that only finds SCCs that represent groups of peers in networks, but also identify vertices that play special roles such hubs that bridge clusters and outsiders that are marginally connected to clusters. Identifying vertex roles is useful for applications such as viral marketing and epidemiology. For example, hubs are responsible for spreading ideas or disease. In contrast, outsiders have little or no influence, and may be isolated as noise in the data. An empirical evaluation of the algorithm using both synthetic and real datasets demonstrates superior performance over other methods such as modularity-based algorithms.


This paper analyzes Wu et al's(M+1)-st auction scheme and shows that in their scheme,the presupposition of dif-ferent bids of different bidders isn't tenable.On the other hand,when several bidders simultaneously bid the maximum price or second,the scheme can't implement(M+1)-st auction(namely tie problem).So their scheme isn't applied value.This paper fur-nishes effective technique to solve the problem.


Objective To evaluate MR feature of subserosal uterine leiomyoma,ovarian thecoma and fibroma.Methods MR findings of 43 patients with histologically proven subserosal uterine leiomyoma,ovarian thecoma and fibroma were analyzed.The study population included 32 cases of leiomyoma,3 cases of thecoma and 8 cases of fibroma.Results On T2-weighted images 1 leiomyoma was hyperintense,4 leiomyomas,1 fibroma and 2 thecomas were isointense;and the other lesions showed hypointense.After Gadolinium was infused,leiomyomas showed early enhancement,while delay enhancement was found in fibromas and thecomas ( P 0.001).Conclusion Dynamic gadiolum-enhanced MR imaging can provide beneficial information for differentiating subserosal leiomyoma from ovarian thecoma and fibroma.


Two new Recent darwinulid ostracods (Darwinula molopoensis spec. nov. and D. inversa spec. nov.) are described from dolomitic springs in the former North West Province (the former Transvaal), RSA. The two new taxa can be distinguished by both soft part and valve morphology. Darwinula molopoensis spec. nov. belongs to the D. africana lineage (with D. inconspicua KLIE as its closest relative), D. inversa spec. nov. belongs into the D. serricaudata group. The synonymy ofD. serricaudata espinosa PINTO & KOTZIAN, 1961 with D. serricaudata KLIE, 1935 is discussed.


Commemorative books are an essential part of exhibitions and long-term exhibitions in Czech museums. This article provides insight into the contents of books and to the information that this material can offer. A detailed analysis of ten selected pieces from the exhibitions of the National Museum answers the question of what function these notebooks in hardcover held today. As a simple glance at their records can tell us, this is not only a collection of signatures and commemorative records but also a source from which we can get an idea about visitors of the museum (resp. writers) and their views on the exhibition project, which they saw. However, while analysing this source and its informative value, we cannot forget it has its limit connected to the circumstances of its origin.


Short novel set during the Korean War. An old peasant and his wife find a boy in a ditch during some shelling and take him on their journey as refugees. They dicover that the boy seems to carry a life force on which their survival may depend. Potok is the author of "My name is Asher Lev".


Competitors in the marketplace or combatants on the battlefield face very similar challenges: their resources, be they money or weapons, are gradually attrited in the mutual effort to push each other out of the field and dominate it. Even if the participants are deterministic in their decision-making, executing their decisions has random aspects, when the same, generally successful actions occasionally fail for no obvious reasons. The application of system and control theories to improve the planning as well as the execution of such processes requires models, which allow planners and managers to reliably predict the expected outcomes of various alternatives over a long horizon into the future. In this article, exact probabilistic models for several classes of battle scenarios are developed from the first principles, which accurately characterize the battle dynamics for arbitrarily long horizons. It is shown how the models are used for model predictive control of the battle dynamics.


In this paper a new hardener(DADMT) was used to intermix with DDM to reduce DDM melting temperature and then this mixture used to cure epoxy resins The agent is liquid at about 40℃ and can cure epoxy resins at moderate temperature


The Newark Quadrangle, Pennsylvania and New Jersey, was evaluated to a depth of 1500 m to identify geologic environments and delineate areas favorable for uranium deposits. Criteria used were those developed for the National Uranium Resource Evaluation program. Results of the investigation indicate that the Precambrian Reading Prong contains environments favorable for anatectic and allogenic uranium deposits. Two suites of rocks are favorable for anatectic-type concentrations: An alaskite-magnetite-gneiss association, and red granite and quartz monzonite. Allogenic uranium concentrations occur in rocks of the marble-skarn-serpentinite association. Environments favorable for peneconcordant sandstone-type uranium deposits occur in the upper one-third of the Catskill Formation, the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian Mauch Chunk-Pottsville transition beds, and the upper half of the Triassic Stockton Formation. The Triassic Lockatong Formation contains environments favorable for carbonaceous shale-type uranium concentrations. The Ordovician Epler Formation and the Cretaceous-Tertiary strata of the Coastal Plain were not evaluated due to time restrictions and lack of outcroup. All other geologic environments are considered unfavorable for uranium deposits.


In the last three years, the aortic valve replacement by sutureless aortic bioprosthesis is becoming increasingly common like alternative surgical treatment in high risk patients with severe aortic valve stenosis especially in minimally invasive approach [1,2]. A Sorin Perceval sutureless aortic bioprosthetic valve has valid properties for deployment, reproducibility of the procedures, and hemodynamic results. In literature, many cases of sutureless aortic bioprosthesis dislocation or migration have been described [3,4]. We instead report the first case of distortion of Sorin Perceval sutureless aortic bioprosthesis by the suction of the aortic vent.


The introduction of molecular cloning techniques has led to advances in allergen identification and sequencing, production of recombinant allergens, identification of B‐cell and T‐cell epitopes, and tertiary structural analysis of allergen molecules. Over 10 groups of mite allergens have been cloned from Dermatophagoides spp., as well as several homologous allergens from Euroglyphus maynei, Lepidoglyphus destructor, and Blomia tropicalis. The availability of these allergens has made it feasible to consider their use for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Several recombinant Dermatophagoides allergens show comparable reactivity on skin testing and in serologic assays to natural allergens, and cocktails of the recombinant proteins could be used as diagnostic reagents. New technologies have been developed for detection of allergen‐specific IgE and for environmental allergen detection using rapid diagnostic tests. Novel approaches to immunotherapy are also being investigated, including T‐cell‐peptide‐based vaccines, allergen variants which lack IgE reactivity, and naked DNA vaccines. The application of allergen biotechnology should lead to improvements in the management of mite‐allergic patients with asthma and represents a logical step toward reducing asthma mortality and morbidity.


An organic electro-luminescence display device and a method for manufacturing the same are provided to check an error of a pixel correctly by forming a separation pattern which is discriminated by an RGB(Red, Green, Blue) pixel. An organic electro-luminescence display device includes a substrate(110), an active layer(130), a gate insulation layer(140), a gate electrode(150), an inter-insulation layer(160), a source drain electrode(170), an insulation layer(180), and an organic electro-luminescence device(200). The active layer is formed on the substrate. The gate insulation layer is formed on the active layer. The gate electrode is formed on the gate insulation layer corresponding to the active layer. The inter-insulation layer is formed on the gate electrode. The source drain electrode is formed on the inter-insulation layer, and is electrically coupled to the active layer. The insulation layer is formed on the source drain electrode. The organic electro-luminescence device is formed on the insulation layer and is electrically coupled to the source drain device. The active layer has a semiconductor layer and a lower electrode of the capacitor. A separation pattern is formed on the lower electrode of the capacitor to have a different shape classified by an RGB pixel.


Recently,The new word"晒客 sharer"has become an extremely popular network noun,which is subsequent to"hacker" (黑客) blogger(博客)podcast(播客)witKey(威客) and wiki"(维客). But the new word "share"(晒) or "sharer"(晒客) is very different from other new network words on the compounding-form semantic characteristics derivation and the causes of their popularity , it can soon give birth to nearly one hundred new words based on "the words and expressions mold" of "晒 ~"after it quickly became a morpheme。These new words'blooming also reflect particular socio-cultural and psychological factors on modern Chinese vocabulary.


Two pumping approaches in which ionization of the lasant is not via electron collisions are currently considered for producing x-ray lasers below 100 ˚ A: the field ionization and the inner-shell photo-ionization scheme. Inner-shell photo- ionization x-ray lasers use additional pumping or Auger transitions to selectively pop- ulate the upper laser state. We theoretically investigate the inner-shell photo-ionization x-ray lasing for C II using an incoherent x-rays source produced by ultra-short high- intensity laser interaction with ultra thin Cu foil. This work includes structure cal- culations for neutral, singly and doubly ionized carbon, hydrodynamics of the laser- produced Cu plasma and Non-LTE population kinetics calculations for both the ab- sorber and the lasant material. Competing processes describing the level population distribution include autoionization, Auger decay and collisional ionization of the outer- shell electrons generated during photo-ionization.


We study the rate of decay of solutions of the wave
systems with time dependent nonlinear damping. The damping is modeled by a
continuous monotone function without any growth restrictions imposed at the
origin and infinity. The decay rate of the energy functional is obtained by
solving a nonlinear non-autonomous ODE.


Auxin has been implicated in a vast array of plant processes, and concomitant with a more detailed understanding of the cellular mechanisms underlying its biosynthesis, transport, and perception, it has become increasingly clear that auxin also has instructive roles in plant pattern formation. Moreover, it turns out that in a multitude of instances, from the early establishment of body axes to organogenesis in shoot and root, plant tissue patterns owe their robust flexibility in part to feedback interactions involving auxin. Higher resolution cell biology, molecular genetics, and genomics, as well as live imaging are now used together to define the parameters needed to generate more detailed and precise mathematical models of plant development.


OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical characteristics of solid tumor complicated with nosocomial fungal infections.METHODS A total of 192 solid tumors patients complicated with fungus infections were set as research objects,the status of infections,distribution of the strains,and the clinical manifestations were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS A total of 67 207 patients with solid tumors were enrolled for the treatment,fungal infections occurred in 192 patients with the infection rate of 0.3%;there were 21 patients with concurrent infections in two sites and 12 patients with concurrent infections in 3 sites;there were 147 patients with deep fungal infections and 15 patients with concurrent shallow and deep fungal infections;a total of 237 strains of fungi were isolated,among which Candida albicans was the main species,accounting for 81.9%;of 192 patients investigated,there were 178 patients who received chemoradiotherapy in short or medium term,2 cases who underwent surgery,and 180 cases who used broad-spectrum antibiotics.CONCLUSION Candida are the main species causing nosocomial fungal infections in patients with solid tumors,it is necessary for the clinic to take active measures for the treatment.


Aghem exhibits a static co-occurrence restriction involving an intrusive velar segment present in two of the language's falling diphthongs. I provide a brief descriptive overview of these unusual phonetic structures and an Agreement by Correspondence (ABC) analysis of the phenomenon as dissimilation with the intent of avoiding suboptimal correspondence.


This paper reports a CMOS MEMS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor micro electromechanical system) piezoresistive humidity sensor fabricated by a surface micromachining process. Both pre-CMOS and post-CMOS technologies were used to fabricate the piezoresistive humidity sensor. Compared with a bulk micromachined humidity sensor, the machining precision and the sizes of the surface micromachined humidity sensor were both improved. The package and test systems of the sensor were designed. According to the test results, the sensitivity of the sensor was 7 mV/%RH (relative humidity) and the linearity of the sensor was 1.9% at 20 °C. Both the sensitivity and linearity were not sensitive to the temperature but the curve of the output voltage shifted with the temperature. The hysteresis of the humidity sensor decreased from 3.2% RH to 1.9% RH as the temperature increased from 10 to 40 °C. The recovery time of the sensor was 85 s at room temperature (25 °C).


In 2009, Nolen conducted a systematic study of 11 journals with the highest impact factor in educational psychology. One of the findings is that there are four themes which are considered to be distinctive to educational psychology, namely classroom achievement, learning and memory, affective/motivation/beliefs, an d cognition/reasoning (rank 1 through 4). Meanwhile, sociocultural factors, psychosocial factors, and public policy was ranked 15, 20, and 25 out of 25 themes which had been "agreed" by the authors of the journal articles regarding the distin ct content of educational psychology. The current study actually emphasizes public policy and sociocultural factors as the research focus, with the assumption that psychological processes in education are not only contributed by psychosociocultural factors, rather the process ses themselves are social processes. This research aims to present qualitative analysis regarding contestation of power between the Indonesia National Curriculum with the Mangunan Canisius Experimental Elementary School (CEES) as an experimenting society. This research be longs to the grounded theory type of research, using methods of d ata collection in the form of participant observation, indepth interview, and lived in Mangunan CEES for 2.5 years. The research results indicate that there is contestation of power be tween Mangunan CEES ("True Learning") and the Indonesia National Curriculum. In addition, Mangunan CEES epistemologically and psychologically has an implication on the continuous care for the poor and marginalized people to be ab le to support themselves in an independent and holistic manner. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Encarnacion Soria no, Christine Sleeter and Maria Antonia Casanova.


* email: email@example.com In dental practice are used a number of chemical compounds with different effects, some of them even toxic. We investigate in this study the biological evaluation of five compounds commonly used in dentistr y: chlorhexidine, eugenol, citric acid, zinc chloride and trichloroacetic acid. Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a drug widely used as therapeutic agent both in medicine and dentistry with a toxic effect in vitro and/or in vivo and the direct application in the oral cavity can delay and alter wound healing [1,2]. In dentistry is used for decreasing plaque formation, gingivitis controlling and root canal disinfection [3], as endodontic irrigant, and local antiseptic. It is also used in products for dental hygiene like sprays, toothpaste, mouthwash, gels, and chewing gums in different concentrations and formulations [2]. Various studies demonstrated the cytotoxic effect of CHX in different cell lines and we can mention here murine fibroblast cell lines, human gingival fibroblast, human periodontal ligament cells, human alveolar bone cells etc [2]. In topical use is active at low concentrations and have activity against Candida spp. because it can be retained in the oral cavity for long time [4]. CHX is absorbed by the oral mucosa and the gastrointestinal tract and the mechanism of action of this compound involves different interactions with external cell components and the cytoplasmic membrane [5]. Eugenol (E), 4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol, is a natural compound with phenolic structure and have the antiviral, antibacterial, anticoagulation, antioxidant, antiinflammatories activities [6,7]. In dentistry field is used in combination with zinc oxide for indirect pulp capping, temporary fillings and root canal sealers and it is included in of periodontal dressings, impression materials and endodontic medications. [8, 9]. It is a topical antiseptic and possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. In humans orally administered eugenol are rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and extracted by the liver, where take place conjugation, a phase II reaction, and excreted in the urine. The cytotoxicity of eugenol is determined by the growth or viability of cells. Citric acid (CA) is a natural compound found usually in the nature and it is completely safe for both human health and environment. It is used in dental practice for the removal of the smear layer which appeared during mechanical root canal treatment. For dental treatment it is recommended to use the solution of 30%-40% concentration.


This paper discusses the reciprocal interactionist activity of creativity. There is an explanation in terms of personality, cognitive style and situation of how specific characteristics of these three factors develop creativity. These factors are interelated and none is sufficient for creativity in and itself. Creativity can only be explained by a model that encompasses all three sets of factors. Nevertheless, this is only a partial explanation of creativity, because its forms and manifestations are so varied.


Hart interpret the concept of law by the theory of social rules, thus rules are different from customs; and law is the combination of primary rules and secondary rules. Meanwhile, there are limits in this theory. The limits demonstrate in that according to Hart, primary rules as legal rules are not necessarily social rules in a legal system. Legal rules enacted can be set up before they are put into practice after the assessment of legal system. Therefore, some legal rules are not social rules, the theory of social rules are not applicable to all legal rules.


: The University of Dayton (UD) Engineers in Technical Humanitarian Opportunities of Service-learning (ETHOS) program is working to further develop the international technical immersion program such that it can serve as a model that can be easily adopted by peer institutions (small to mid-size colleges and universities). The ETHOS immersions are ten to sixteen weeks long, during which students work with collaborating organizations to assist in finding appropriate, and effective solutions to technical challenges. Students use their engineering skills to address real problems, while gaining a better understanding of the interface between technology and global society. Academic credit is incorporated into these immersions with technical reporting, reflections and presentations delivered upon completion of the program. Pre-immersion course work includes research and engineering fundamentals, cultural immersion, language development, and ethical engineering practices. Feedback provided by students, collaborating agencies and other institutions have indicated that the current program does a very good job of preparing the students for their immersions and helping the students to become global engineers. Although there are many well established international technical opportunities and programs that can be easily adopted by universities, it is often difficult, due to a lack of resources, to establish these programs at smaller universities. This paper will describe the ETHOS program and discuss the mechanics and resources used to facilitate this program. Additionally, this paper will discuss plans for intercollegiate collaboration through this program which will facilitate the sharing of information and resources


Primary malignant lymphoma of the urinary bladder is a rare disease. A report of 2 cases treated at the Massachusetts General Hospital since 1959 is presented. Both have survived 5 or more years, one after radical surgery and one after aggressive radiation therapy. The clinical, pathologic, and therapeutic aspects of this disease are reviewed briefly.


Sunflower, Corn, Safflower, Cottenseed, Rapeseed, Soybean, and Sesam oils were given to 25 college girls divided into seven groups for a week. Daily dose of each oil administered in form of French toast was 60g per day for every subject.Cholesterol lowering effects were seen evidently in Sunflower, Corn, and Safflower oils, but no change in other oils.


Mechanism of graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate onto model compound for chitosan with Ce4+ ion was investigated by means of kinetics measurement and oxidation product analysis in addtion to polymer molecule weight analysis. The kinetic feature and product structure analysis of Ce4+ oxidation of model compound for chitosan showed that chelate complex at adjacent hydroxylamine functional group was involved and then disproportionated to radical. The results from GPC suggested that one adjacent hydroxylamine group formed the sole initial radical at 40℃ or two initial radicals at 90℃.


SUMMARY

Seedlings of Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies in sterile forestsoil or in a mixture of vermiculite and peat were inoculated with Boletus luteus, B. bovinus, both species, non-sterile forest soil or non-sterile soil plus B. bovinus. Following mycorrhizal development, the increase of the dry weight of roots and shoots over controls was highly significant in all combinations. The phosphorus content in mycorrhizal seedlings was higher than in nonmycorrhizal controls but only small differences were noted between different combinations. B. luteus was the better symbiont for uptake of phosphorus by Pinus sylvestris and Boletus bovinus for Picea abies.


: This contribution contains a description of efficient methods for large-scale unconstrained optimization. Many of them have been developed recently by the authors. It concerns limited memory methods for general smooth optimization, variable-metric bundle methods for partially separable nonsmooth optimization, hybrid methods for sparse least squares and methods for solving large-scale trust-region subproblems. These methods are compared with other methods by extensive computational experiments


Syncretism has become the subject of various fields of science. Especially, its properties in the field of aesthetics, art criticism, and cultural studies have been studied to the maximum. It means that linguistics will also need to rethink the function of syncretism. The author of the paper touches upon the problem of syncretism in linguistics. The main purpose of the research is to draw attention to the fact that syncretism refers both to the morphological structure of the phenomenon and the syntactic construction. Most scholars in Kazakh linguistics recognize syncretism as a one-sided phenomenon. And its traces in the syntax remain unnoticed. In this regard, the definition of the term in the syntax indicates the relevance of the paper. And increases the theoretical value.This issue was raised as a separate issue not only in Kazakh but also in other languages. The author proves this by the conclusions of scientists of the Russian, German, and French languages. The features of the connection of the speech structure in the paper on the path of narrowing or expansion determine the syntactic function of syncretism. Particular attention should be paid to the phenomenon in the connections of sentences, namely, a simple sentence from the point of view of formality, a complex object sentence from the point of view of conveying judgments, or, conversely, determines the importance of this task. And this defines a new direction of the syntax of Kazakh linguistics.The study also pays attention to the diachronic nature of linguistics. The reflections of Russian and other foreign scientists indicate that the topic has remained at its initial stage. This is proof that the issue being raised is still important.The conclusions set out in the paper will contribute to the further development of the field of linguistics. The application of the results of work in educational institutions is of practical importance. After all, any language unit must reach the consciousness of the recipient.


This paper studies the fault estimation problem for continuous-time Markovian jump systems (MJSs). The stochastic system and deterministic fault make the fault estimation problem more difficult. Using an auxiliary system approach, a deterministic intermediate variable is established. The conditions are given in the form of linear matrix inequalities and a numerical example is given to illustrate the auxiliary system approach method.


The Taxation Laws Amendment Bill 2012 (TLAB) proposes changes to the taxation of variable remuneration which includes, among others, travel reimbursements.


We give a brief survey on the interplay between forcing axioms and various other non-constructive principles widely used in many fields of abstract mathematics, such as the axiom of choice and Baire's category theorem. First of all we outline how, using basic partial order theory, it is possible to reformulate the axiom of choice, Baire's category theorem, and many large cardinal axioms as specific instances of forcing axioms. We then address forcing axioms with a model-theoretic perspective and outline a deep analogy existing between the standard {\L}o\'s Theorem for ultraproducts of first order structures and Shoenfield's absoluteness for $\Sigma^1_2$-properties. Finally we address the question of whether and to what extent forcing axioms can provide a "complete" semantics for set theory. We argue that to a large extent this is possible for certain initial fragments of the universe of sets: The pioneering work of Woodin on generic absoluteness show that this is the case for the Chang model $L(\text{Ord}^\omega)$ in the presence of large cardinals, and recent works by the author show that this can also be the case for the Chang model $L(\text{Ord}^{\omega_1})$ in the presence of large cardinals and maximal strengthenings of Martin's maximum or of the proper forcing axiom. The major open question we leave open is whether this situation is peculiar to these Chang models or can be lifted up also to $L(\text{Ord}^\kappa)$ for cardinals $\kappa>\omega_1$.


Bilingual education programmes involving English are currently experiencing an unprecedented rise in popularity, both at school and at university levels. While one of the aims of such educational programmes lies in developing both academic knowledge and language proficiency, our understanding of the interface between these two elements – language and content – is still developing. In this contribution I argue that one fruitful means of conceptualising this content and language interface is by focussing on disciplinary language, i.e. the language specific to a school subject or academic discipline. While the study of disciplinary literacies, with their prime consideration of reading and writing, has received some research attention (see e.g. Airey, 2011; Kuteeva & Airey, 2014), the more dynamic area of oral language in the subject classroom has been less focussed on. By drawing on an existing body of research, I show how disciplinary language within English Medium Instruction (EMI) is positioned by teachers and learners at both upper-secondary and tertiary levels of education. I place equal focus on two areas of research; firstly, I outline the perceptions of students and teachers towards (oral) disciplinary language, showing the difficulty of clearly positioning it on a continuum from 'language' to 'content' and the diverse interpretations of participants within EMI educational endeavours. The second area of research addresses student oral 1. University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; email@example.com How to cite this chapter: Hüttner, J. (2019). Occupying a new space: oral language skills within the disciplines in Englishmedium instruction. In B. Loranc-Paszylk (Ed.), Rethinking directions in language learning and teaching at university level (pp. 5-26). Research-publishing.net. https://doi.org/10.14705/rpnet.2019.31.889


The response of turbulent boundary layers to sudden changes in surface roughness under adverse-pressure-gradient conditions has been studied experimentally. The roughness used was in the 'd' type array of Perry, Schofield & Joubert (1969). Two cases of a rough-to-smooth change in surface roughness were considered in the same arbitrary adverse pressure gradient. The two cases differed in the distance of the surface discontinuity from the leading edge and gave two sets of flow conditions for the establishment and growth of the internal layer which develops downstream from a change in surface roughness. These conditions were in turn different from those in the zero-pressure-gradient experiments of Antonia & Luxton. The results suggest that the growth of the new internal layer depends solely on the new conditions at the wall and scales with the local roughness length of that wall. Mean velocity profiles in the region after the step change in roughness were accurately described by Coles' law of the wall-law of the wake combination, which contrasts with the zero-pressure-gradient results of Antonia & Luxton. The skin-friction coefficient after the step change in roughness did not overshoot the equilibrium distribution but made a slow adjustment downstream of the step. Comparisons of mean profiles indicate that similar defect profile shapes are produced in layers with arbitrary adverse pressure gradients at positions where the values of Clauser's equilibrium parameter β (= δ*τ−10dp/dx) are similar, provided that the pressure-gradient history and local values of the pressure gradient are also similar.


Two soil moisture content analysis products, each with a spatial resolution of 0.0625° and a temporal resolution of 1 h from 1 October 2015 to 1 October 2021 in the Jing-Jin-Ji area, have been developed and evaluated. Using a quality control (QC) scheme based on the biweight method and a successive correction method (SCM) with different weighting functions introduced from the Cressman and/or Barnes methods, the soil moisture collected from China Land Data Assimilation System version 2.0 was taken as the background data. Two soil analysis products with induced hourly station soil observations were constructed and further compared with in situ observations and satellite products. Results show that with the biweight method, the outliers of soil moisture could be identified, and that the number of these was less than 10% of the actual reported samples. The analysis product is more accurate with the Cressman weighting function than with the Barnes as the root mean square error was reduced by 30% to 0.06, while the correlation coefficient increased by 73% to 0.59, compared to the control. These results indicate that the Cressman product is a useful and promising soil moisture data set. The proposed Cressman method is computationally simple and efficient, so the product can be easily updated to keep pace with significant increases in the volume of soil moisture data. The methods used here for QC, SCM, and comparison could help evaluate and improve land surface models and their soil moisture products.


It has been a shaky start for Nimrodel Resources Ltd since listing in 2006. After failed attempts at seizing opportunities in central Asia and Kyrgyzstan, Nimrodel hopes to redeem itself with its acquisition in southern Africa - bringing under the explorer's umbrella coal tenements in Botswana and Tanzania.


Globally, incidence of HIV is on the rise. The epidemic of HIV infection has also affected the practice of rheumatologists. The increased life span of patients with HIV disease has resulted in emergence of musculoskeletal impairments ranging widely from arthritis to traumatic fractures. Joint disorders are common during the course of HIV infection. They are more prevalent in the late stages of disease. These disorders cause a significant amount of morbidity in HIV-infected patients and may lead to deformities if not treated. Joint involvement in HIV can range from mild pain and arthralgias to other conditions as painful articular syndrome, Reiter's syndrome, reactive arthritis, HIVassociated arthritis, undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy, septic arthritis, avascular bone necrosis, osteomyelitis and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Early detection of joint disease and timely intervention is essential to improve quality of life.


Portfolio is collection of bonds, warrants, future contracts, stocks, ETFs, real estate etc., where an investor wants to invest. In this paper we shall see how an investor should go about selecting the one best portfolio to meet his needs. Or, more explicitly, how should an investor go about selecting securities to purchase and deciding how many dollars to invest in each. For the comparison of Sensex portfolio with Nifty portfolio famous Markowitz"s Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) has been used. For the performance evaluation of both of these portfolios Sharpe Index has been used. This paper presents a simplified perspective of Markowitz"s contributions to Modern Portfolio Theory. It is to see the effect of duration of historical data on the risk and return of the portfolio and to see the applicability of risk-reward logic.


sage of all ten chapters is that food security is basic to sustainability, and basic to food security is less reliance on impersonal market forces in the global system and more reliance on what's close at hand at the village level. Finally, women are key players and must be recognized as such. That means empowering women in rural, developing nations (as elsewhere) and ending patriarchy. Evidence indicates that women do much if not most of the farming labor in third world nations, yet development funds frequently bypass them. Chapter 10's study of the Zambrana-Chacuey region of the Dominican Republic is a good testament to this. The authors examine the introduction of acacia trees, their place in agroforestry development, and how this is and has been a gendered experience in which success has been compromised by the fact that women do most of the farming in the close-to-home "patio" areas but lack secure land tenure. The consequence? This becomes a serious conservation incentive-reducer. How might this volume be used in the classroom? If I designed a course around it, I would entitle it, "Applying Sustainability Principles: An Institutionalist Approach." It would be a nice supplement or required text in a development course or in applied agricultural-economics courses. An institutionalist, agricultural economist would thoroughly enjoy this book, as will others who appreciate the stories of both theorists and people in the field.


to help states prevent, combat and eradicate the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons (SALW). However, addressing SALW remains a serious challenge for many states. States and organizations have yet to tackle important questions about the practices of delivering, evaluating and measuring SALW assistance. This report explores these questions and highlights areas where further work remains to be done. Looking partly through an aid-effectiveness lens, this report aims to help the international community work toward ensuring that assistance is being used optimally and that states are measurably benefiting U N ID IR


The purpose of this study is the integration of reliability-availability analysis and simulation modeling to improve the productivity of the battery production system. The throughput of the system is increased by using integrated reliability-availability and simulation approach together and the proposed system design is more reliable than the current design. Moreover, system availability provides a valuable input for the company to realize the production plan for the future. Keywords-simulation modeling; reliability-availability analysis; battery production system.


This paper presents two discrete sliding mode control (SMC) design. The first one is a discrete-time SMC design that doesn't take into account the time-delay. The second one is a discrete-time SMC design, which takes in consideration the time-delay. The proposed techniques aim at the accomplishment simplicity and robustness for an uncertainty class. Simulations results are shown and the effectiveness of the used techniques is analyzed.


The various mechanisms which generate broadband noise on a range of rotors studied include load fluctuations due to inflow turbulence, due to turbulent boundary layers passing the blades' trailing edges, and due to tip vortex formation. Existing analyses are used and extensions to them are developed to make more accurate predictions of rotor noise spectra and to determine which mechanisms are important in which circumstances. Calculations based on the various prediction methods in existing experiments were compared. The present analyses are adequate to predict the spectra from a wide variety of experiments on fans, full scale and model scale helicopter rotors, wind turbines, and propellers to within about 5 to 10 dB. Better knowledge of the inflow turbulence improves the accuracy of the predictions. Results indicate that inflow turbulence noise depends strongly on ambient conditions and dominates at low frequencies. Trailing edge noise and tip vortex noise are important at higher frequencies if inflow turbulence is weak. Boundary layer trailing edge noise, important, for large sized rotors, increases slowly with angle of attack but not as rapidly as tip vortex noise.


310 Early repolarization changes in athletes: Is it benign or malignant? S Sandeep Basavarajaiah, M Papadakis, N Chandra, S Sharma Papworth Hospital NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom, St. George's Hospital, Department of Cardiology, London, United Kingdom Topic: Athlete's heart (Sports Cardiology) Purpose: Early repolarisation change (ER) is characterised by the elevation of QRS-ST junction by greater than 1mm (termed as j-point). These changes were considered benign and are common in young athletic individuals. However steady trickle of case reports and published studies in the last decade have described association between ER patterns in the inferior/ lateral leads and idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. This raises the dilemma, whether ER is benign or malignant? In this study, we analyzed the prevalence and significance of ER in elite athletes. Methods: Electrocardiograms of 600 Nationally ranked athletes (300 black athletes and 300 white athletes) were specifically analysed for ER. These athletes were recruited as a part of research project in 2005, which characterised the ethnic differences between black and white athletes. [1] Early repolarisation changes were defined as elevation of QRS-ST junction of more than 1 mm. Results: Of the 600 athletes, 213 (36%) had ER on their 12-lead ECG. The ER were predominantly seen in the anterior precordial leads V1-V4 (196, 92%) with a very small proportion of athletes exhibiting ER, which were just confined to inferior (5,2%) and lateral leads (12, 6%). Early repolarisation changes were always associated with ST-segment elevation (of >2mm) but not necessarily with T-wave inversion. Black athletes had higher prevalence of ER than white athletes [123, 41% Vs 90, 30%; p<0.001]. None of the athletes with ER had prolonged QTc interval. All athletes to-date have remained asymptomatic and none have experienced sudden death or documented ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Conclusion: Early repolarisation changes are not un-common in athletes with a prevalence rate of 36% in our cohort. These changes were predominantly noted in the anterior precordial leads, which is in contrast to individuals with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation who had ER in the inferior or lateral leads. In the absence of symptoms or documented ventricular tachyarrhythmias, it would be unreasonable to regard ER in athletes to represent pathology and consider them for further investigations. Early repolarisation changes in asymptomatic athletes is a reflection of regular physical training and do not warrant any further assessment. Reference: 1. BasavarajaiahS, Boraita A, Sharma S. Ethnic differences in left ventricular remodeling in highly-trained athletes relevance to differentiating physiologic leftventricular hypertrophy from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J AmColl Cardiol. 2008;51(23):2256-62 311 Ethnic variation in QT interval amongst highly trained athletes H Hariharan Raju, M Papadakis, V Panoulas, J Rawlins, S Basavarajaiah, N Chandra, E Behr, S Sharma St George's Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom, University Hospital Lewisham, London, United Kingdom Topic: Athlete's heart (Sports Cardiology) Purpose: Studies in Caucasian (white) athletes indicate that a significant proportion exhibit an isolated prolonged corrected QT interval (QTc), raising concerns for potentially false diagnoses and disqualification from competitive sport. The prevalence of prolonged QTc interval in athletes of African/Afro-Caribbean (black) descent is unknown. However, this ethnic group generally exhibits a high proportion of ECG repolarization changes and morphologic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) that may impact on QTc. Methods: We assessed the impact of ethnicity on QTc, by evaluating 3035 elite athletes, aged 14-35 years, with ECG and 2D echocardiography. Athletes with structural heart disease or hypertension were excluded. Results: Demographic and cardiological results are summarized in the table. Black males exhibited shorter QTc than white males, but QTc was similar amongst black and white females. Bivariate analysis revealed that none of T wave inversions, ST segment elevation, or left ventricular wall thickness were associated with QTc. No ethnic difference was observed in prevalence of QT prolongation, as defined by ESC criteria (male >440ms; female >460ms). Conclusion: Despite demonstrating a higher prevalence of repolarization changes and morphological LVH, black athletes do not exhibit a longer QTc than white counterparts. Based on ESC Sports Consensus criteria, prevalence of a long QTc in black and white athletes is similar, obviating the need for ethnicity specific criteria for defining a long QTc.


We present a newly simultaneous controller design method for linear systems within the framework of nest algebras. In particular, we give a sufficient condition for the transitivity in simultaneous stabilization.


Abstract Although eurocentrism in fashion studies has been contested for nearly four decades, the topic is as timely and urgent as ever. While critiques focus on symptoms such as discrimination, inequality and exploitation, the actual "decease," the modernity/coloniality structure, persists. The way fashion, as a noun, is being defined according to a temporality (contemporaneity), a system (of power) and an industry (of capitalism) particular to modernity, coloniality is inherent to its definition. Whereas fashion as a verb, the act of fashioning the body, is of all temporalities and geographies and operates beyond the colonial difference. Decolonial fashion discourse constitutes a framework that enables to redefine fashion as a multitude of possibilities rather than a normative framework falsely claiming universality, to humble modernity's narrative by recognizing its own epitomical limits, to listen to and acknowledge an episteme plurality outside of modernity and to decenter the production of knowledge in regard to fashion. It aims to critique the denial and erasure of a diversity of ways to fashioning the body due to unequal global power relations based on modern-colonial order, the Euro-American canon of normativity and the exploitation and abuse of cultural heritages, human beings and natural resources.


Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to modulate corticospinal excitability. We used near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) - electroencephalography (EEG) joint-imaging during and after anodal tDCS to measure changes in mean cerebral haemoglobin oxygen saturation (rSO2) along with changes in the log-transformed mean-power of EEG within 0.5 Hz - 11.25 Hz. In two separate studies, we investigated local post-tDCS alterations from baseline at the site of anodal tDCS using NIRS-EEG/tDCS joint-imaging as well as local post-tDCS alterations in motor evoked potentials (MEP)-measure of corticospinal excitability. In the first study, we found that post-tDCS changes in the mean rSO2 from baseline mostly correlated with the corresponding post-tDCS change in log-transformed mean-power of EEG within 0.5 Hz - 11.25 Hz. Moreover, a decrease in log-transformed mean-power of EEG within 0.5 Hz - 11.25 Hz corresponded with an increase in the MEP-measure of corticospinal excitability - found in the second study. Therefore, we propose to combine NIRS-EEG/tDCS joint-imaging with corticospinal excitability investigation in a single study to confirm these finding. Furthermore, we postulate that the innovative technologies for portable NIRS-EEG neuroimaging may be leveraged to objectively quantify the progress (e.g., corticospinal excitability alterations) and dose tDCS intervention as an adjuvant treatment during neurorehabilitation.


The Second Circuit's recent extension of the cat's paw doctrine to include the discriminatory and retaliatory actions of low-level co-workers without a supervisory role created a circuit split and set the stage for increased Title VII challenges against employers. This Comment argues against the Second Circuit's decision and contends that the cat's paw theory of liability, an employment law doctrine where employers may be held liable for Title VII violations based on the discriminatory actions of their employees, should not be extended to the discriminatory actions of low-level co-workers. Although the Supreme Court established employer liability for a supervisor's discriminatory animus in the Title VII context in Staub v. Proctor Hospital, extending the doctrine to low-level employees will be detrimental to corporations and lead to the inefficient use of resources where employers are forced to mediate employee disputes rather than focus on the business at hand. Extending the cat's paw doctrine in the current complex employment environment will not only frustrate employers, who will face increased liability, but such an action would also deplete corporate resources that could otherwise be directed towards Title VII's ultimate purpose—decreasing discrimination in the workplace.


Behavioral finance is a new area of financial research that recognizes the psychological element in the financial decision making. Thus challenging traditional models that assume, investors will always weigh risk/ return factors rationally and act without bias. Behavioral finance is the study of how investors make decisions and how these decisions that affect the stock prices and broad market movements. Investors are human and humans aren't perfectly rational in decision making. When they buy on emotion, they not only jeopardize their own investment plans, but also create opportunities for others in the securities market. Closely associated with behavioral economics, the concept seeks to explain what occurs when emotional responses are involved in decisions that impact the stock market and prices of individual stock, market prices in selected markets, and allocation of financial resources in both savings and spending habits.


Introduction. The mapping of the sextuples of the symmetric substitution group GQ in a plane upon a quadric has been done by Emch. The 24 permutations of 4 elements X±j X2} X$, X4 considered as projective coordinates in ordinary space determine a configuration which may be mapped on a hypersurface in 54. I shall show that the hypersurface on which we will map is a hyperquadric cone. The map of every configuration on the hyperquadric will be a configuration in ordinary space, invariant under the G24. The mapping of the G24. We shall represent the elementary symmetric functions as follows:


The 13 papers in this special section were originally presented at the 2008 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV'08) held in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, on June 4-6, 2008.


We characterize the complete monotonicity of the Kilbas-Saigo function on the negative half-line. We also provide the exact asymptotics at −∞, and uniform hyperbolic bounds are derived. The same questions are addressed for the classical Le Roy function. The main ingredient for the proof is a probabilistic representation of these functions in terms of the stable subordinator.


This study is designed to assess four factors which may account for differences in the six countries/areas' media coverage of the 1989 Chinese student demonstrations. Four major findings emerge from the analysis: (1) political ideology played an important role in the direction, but not necessarily the extent, of the coverage of the events; (2) diplomatic sensitivity played an important role in the direction of coverage, especially for official or government media and even ameliorated differences in political ideology; (3) cultural affinity did not necessarily produce positive news coverage; and (4) geographical proximity did not affect the extent nor the direction of the coverage as much as the political ideology and diplomatic sensitivity did.


"As the Adventist Church looks at modern cities, the vista can be overwhelming. The city is an enigmatic phenomenon, a conglomeration of hundreds of disparate cultures, languages, and people groups. It is a complex and complicated place, resistant to easy categorization or description. Just as soon as one feels one is getting a grip on the nature of a city, a street corner is turned and another unfamiliar world opens up. The way the church views the city is of fundamental importance to the way it conducts its urban mission; therefore, in this chapter I will propose a theological window that can provide a clearer vision for Adventist urban mission."


This paper presents an efficient method to tell what happens (e.g. recognize actions) in a video sequence from only a couple of frames in real time. For the sake of instantaneity, we employ two types of computationally efficient but perceptually important features, optical flow and edge, to capture motion and shape/structure information in video sequences. It is known that the two types of features are not sparse and can be unreliable or ambiguous at certain parts of a video. In order to endow them with strong discriminative power, we extend an efficient contrast set mining technique, the Emerging Pattern (EP) mining method, to learn joint features from videos to differentiate action classes. Experimental results show that the combination of the two types of features achieves superior performance in differentiating actions than that of using each single type of features alone. The learned features are discriminative, statistically significant (reliable) and display semantically meaningful shape-motion structures of human actions. Besides the instant action recognition, we also extend the proposed approach to anomaly detection and sequential event detection. The experiments demonstrate encouraging results.


With the improvement of video and audio compression ratio efficiency and with the development of broadband IP net equipments,demand on TV broadcasting programs via broadband Ethernet is increasing.The requirement of TV quality via internet is becoming higer.In this article,an applied project base on MPEG-4 and Ethernet multicast is described.First the goals about TV broadcasting system via Ethernet are brought forward.Then the solution of key questions about this system is analyzed and given.


SYNOPSIS: Data regarding the performance of three tunnelling projects in the Himalayan region has been collected. It is seen that rock loads or deformations calculated on the basis of Barton, Bieniawski or RMR approach do not match the field data. A mathematical model has been developed incorporating modifications in the approach of Brown et.al of rock-support interaction, using elastic-strain softening-plastic ground characteristics. A non-linear relationship between radial and tangential strains around the tunnel has been considered and the method of calculation of stresses and deformations altered to incorporate exact integration of the governing differential equation for a thin cylindrical annulus replacing finite difference approximation. It is seen that a closer match and a more rational explanation of the observed data from the tunnelling project is provided by the mathematical model.


Research purposes:The calculation of ultimate bearing capacity is critical for calculation of bearing capacity of composite foundation.This paper presents the formulas of Hughes-Withers,Brauns,Sheng Chongwen,and Liu jie used for calculation of ultimate bearing capacity of crushed stone pile,and compares the calculated results of engineering examples using these methods for providing the references to the revision of standards and similar projects in future.Research conclusions:It is proposed the ultimate bearing capacity of single crushed stone pile should be calculated with the formula of Sheng Chongwen.With this formula,not only are the effects of pile group considered,but also is the collection of various physical and mechanical parameters for the foundation soil avoided.The bearing capacity of composite foundation should be calculated according to the ultimate bearing capacity,and then divided by safety factor from 1.3 to1.5,with.clear concept and money saving.


Shallow tidal rivers exhibit bore during the propagation of tides of large ranges. The parameters of tidal propagation—the attenuation constant and the phase constant—continually change in a shallow river during a tidal cycle. As a result, the water surface slopes increase during flood and decrease during ebb at corresponding depths of flow. Tidal flux is retained during ebb and the low water is elevated. This is the reason for the formation of "bore" and also the variations of the observed low water levels in different reaches along a shallow river. The height of the bore is obtained from the slope of the water profile just at the turn of the tide from ebb to flood. The veracity of these computations are checked from the observed tidal data of the river Hugli in the state of West Bengal, India.


A methodology is presented by which a librarian rationally can choose a terminal, using rather easily obtained estimates of the important variables: cost-per-minute connect time; estimated time of average search; the ratio of input to output time; and the cost per month for a two-year lease of a terminal. The methodology is exemplified by comparing terminals which operate at speeds varying from 10 to 120 characters per second. With the estimates presented here, per-search cost is at a minimum if the slowest and least expensive terminal is used for 1-25 searches per month. Cost per search is minimized for a 30-charact.er-per-second terminal if used for 10:_113 searches per month and for a 120-character-per-second terminal if used for 43-133 searches per month.


. Biome reconstructions are commonly used in data-data and data-model comparison studies to understand past vegetation dynamics. However, most of these assessments are based on the direct comparison of dominant biomes inferred 20 from pollen samples or vegetation simulations. Dominant biomes are deduced from pollen samples using biome affinity scores, which aggregate pollen percentages of taxa assigned to the different biomes. While this approach generates good results over a large range of temporal and spatial scales, reducing pollen assemblages to a single dominant biome can substantially simplify the vegetation signal preserved in pollen samples and even bias conclusions when, for instance, minimal changes in pollen percentages can change the inferred dominant biome. To resolve these issues, we propose to use 25 the Earth Movers' distance (EMD) as a new metric to compare distributions of biome scores. The EMD has two main advantages: 1) the distributions of biome scores do not need to be reduced to their dominant biome, and the full breadth of the data is taken into account, and 2) different weights can be given to different types of disagreements to account for the ecological distance ( e.g. reconstructing a temperate forest instead of a boreal forest is ecologically less wrong than reconstructing the temperate forest instead of a desert). We also introduce EMD-based statistical tests that determine if the 30 similarity of two samples is significantly better than a random association. This paper illustrates the use of the EMD across a series of palaeoecological data-data and data-model case studies based on published data and simulations. These applications highlight the diverse types of analysis where the EMD adds value compared to analyses of the dominant biomes only. The EMD and the statistical tests are included in the paleotools R package (https://github.com/mchevalier2/paleotools). data-data comparison case studies to evaluate the performance of the EMD n,w compared to analyses based on dominant mega-biome reconstructions only. First, we analyse the EMD n,w values calculated between 2500 randomly selected mega-biome samples, irrespective of their ages (past and modern samples were pooled together). The 275 resulting 3,123,750 pairwise comparisons are grouped according to the agreeing or disagreeing status of their 'dominant mega-biomes'. If two samples have the same dominant mega-biome X, such as in Fig. 1A, the pair is labelled as 'Mega-biome X'. If they differ (Mega-biome X and Mega-biome Y, such as in Fig. 1B), the pair is labelled as 'Mega-biome X with other biomes' and as 'Mega-biome Y with other biomes'. The two resulting EMD n,w collections for Mega-biome X ( i.e. 'Mega-biome X' and 'Mega-biome X with other mega-biomes') are interpreted as the intra-mega-biome and inter-mega- biome EMD n,w variability distribution of Mega-biome X. The results for the five most abundant mega-biomes across the study area and the EMD n,w are summarised in Fig. 5 (see Appendix 1 for the same figure with the EMD n,uni ).


When a firm makes the decision to invest into an information technology project, the purpose may be to gain a competitive advantage, improve its position in the industry, or evolve its business strategy. Before the project is initiated, it is important for the firm to discuss risks, qualitative benefits, implementation costs, completion dates, and the staff required to successfully complete the project. It is advantageous of the firm to employ tools and techniques to help ensure the successful completion of the project. (Applegate, Austin & McFarlan, 2003) Project management is the discipline that provides skills, tools, and techniques to guide the execution of a project (PMI, 2004). The definitive advantage that a firm gains through implementing project management techniques is a higher probability to have a customer (or the firm itself if it is ABSTRACT


The M-SGT has a three-dimensional structure, which consists of the source, gate, and drain arranged vertically. The gate electrode surrounds the crowded multipillar silicon islands. Because all the sidewalls of the pillars are used effectively as the transistor channel, the M-SGT has a high-shrinkage feature. The area occupied by the M-SGT can be shrunk to less than 30% of that occupied by the planar transistor. The small occupied area and the mesh-structured gate electrode lead to the small junction capacitance and the small gate electrode RC delay, resulting in high-speed operation. The fabrication of the M-SGT CMOS inverter chain is discussed. The propagation delay reduces to 40%, compared with the planar transistor inverter chain. >


In order to collaborate with the academic debate about the social construction of economic tools, this article captures the social construction of the Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE) of Bovespa. From an economic approach, the index is the numeric representation of financial profitability of sustainable enterprises, however, from that of sociology, the ISE is the window to apprehend the symbolic struggles that constitute the Brazilian market of Socially Responsible Investment (SRI). This idea is demonstrated by the recovery of the chronological history of the development of ISE which shows the elements of the arbitrary political process searching for its economic neutrality. This article emphasizes the need to explore sociologically the financial indexes as well as other classification tools of the economic world.


From the Publisher:
Network manager's practical introduction to optical networking With cheaper bandwidth and greater robustness,optical networking components are looking increasingly tempting—perhaps even mandatory for maintaining your network's competitiveness. In Deploying Optical Networking Components,veteran communications consultant Gil Held utilizes language and terms already familiar to network managers — without overwhelming you with optical science — to help you:
* Understand the role of LEDs,lasers,single mode and multimode optical fiber and couplers and amplifiers
* Bridge the divide between conventional systems and optical upgrades
* Relate optical technologies to existing networks
* Evaluate optical components in the context of your existing infrastructure
* Apply practical integration and migration techniques in LANs,WANs,and other infrastructure
* Familiarize yourself with technical changes in performance measurement,system management,switching technology,support requirements,and other key challenges With cheaper bandwidth and greater robustness,optical networking components are looking increasingly tempting—perhaps even mandatory for maintaining your network's competitive edge. Here's how you get there from here,without being overwhelmed by optical science.
Optical technologies' advantages over copper have caught your attention. Now you're one of the many network professionals—enterprise and service provider alike—looking to answer that key question,"What's the impact on my network?" Optical Networking Components provides the help you need as you rethink system changes and update plans. Written specifically for networkmanagers and administrators by a veteran communications consultant,Gil Held's Optical Networking Components helps you:
*Understand the role of LEDs,lasers,single mode and multimode optical fiber and couplers and amplifiers
*Bridge the divide between conventional systems and optical upgrades
*Relate optical technologies to existing networks in language you already know
*Evaluate optical components in the context of your existing infrastructure
*Apply practical integration and migration techniques in LANs,WANs,and other infrastructure without deep optical theory
*Get familiar with technical changes in performance measurement,system management,switching technology,support requirements,and other key challenges When adding optical components to traditional data networks,plug-and-play is not an option. But with Gil Held's expert book,it's much easier to build and deploy your game plan.


It is obvious that not every case of fever in the puerperium is of septic origin. Engorgement of the breasts, constipation, nervous perturbation, malaria, syphilis, typhoid and other adynamic fevers are some of the many causes of fever entirely separate and distinct from sepsis due to bacterial invasion. It must also be remembered that there are two distinct varieties of sepsis: sapremia due to saprophytic infection and putrefaction of pieces of placenta, membranes, decidua or blood-clot in the uterine cavity, and septicemia due to actual bacterial invasion, most often streptococcic, of the endometrium and adjacent structures, frequently invading directly the blood-current and by far the most dangerous variety. Sapremia answers promptly to a single evacuation of the uterus and disinfection of the genital canal, with possibly a few supplementary daily intra-uterine douches. Septicemia means a long, hard fight, not infrequently a losing one, against many complications. It is not my


The article describes the basic principles of dichotomous systemic analysis and the features of how people perceive dichotomous concepts. Besides, the article shows the difference between the dichotomous analysis and dichotomous systemic analysis. It gives paradigmatic expressions for the assessment of system properties and for such notions as "system" and "non-system". Moreover, the article reveals the essence of parse tree used in dichotomous analysis and gives a method to detect system properties and to assess the complexity of a system. (Tsvetkov V.Y. Dichotomous Systemic Analysis. Life Sci J 2014;11(6):586-590) (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 90


We consider the probability distribution of the maximum of r statistics each distributed as the Studentized range of means calculated from c random samples of size n from normal populations. The rc samples are assumed to be mutually independent and a common pooled—within—samplevariance is used throughout. An algorithm using Gaussian quadrature and the secant method is presented for calculating the upper lOO∝ percentage points for this distribution. We discuss the application in a new procedure for constructing multiple significance tests and simultaneous confidence limits for simple effects in multiway Analysis of Variance.


Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem disorder characterized by extensive vascular damage, with early generalized microangiopathy and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. SSc is characterized by parasympathetic impairment and marked sympathetic over activity. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the potential relationship between serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and systemic hypertension in patients with SSc. Methods Thirty patients with systemic sclerosis and thirty controls who had no cardiovascular risk factors were included in this study. All patients and the controls underwent a 24-hour holter recording and plasma ADMA levels were measured. Results A total of 10 patients had dipper status (33.3%), 16 patients had non-dipper status (53.3%), 2 patients had reverse dipper status (6.6%) and 2 patients had extreme dipper status (6.6%). ADMA levels were higher in SSc patients when compared with control group and especially significantly higher in SSc patients with reverse dipper status. Conclusions The elevated serum levels ADMA and sympathetic over activity may be the result of reverse dipper blood pressure patterns in patients with SSc. Disclosure of Interest None Declared


This study investigates the molding characteristics and mechanical properties of injection-molded foaming polypropylene (PP) parts and coinjection-molding PP parts for foaming core material embedded in nonfoaming skin material. Effects of processing parameters including injection-velocity, melting temperature, mold temperature and back pressure on part weight and part mechanical properties including tensile strength, flexural strength and stiffness are investigated. Influence of part thickness and foaming agent content on the degree of foaming is also studied. Based on the measured results, it was found that for thin-wall tensile foam specimens with 0.5 mm thickness, weight reduction is about 4–9% whereas in the thick-wall bending foam specimens with 15 mm thickness, the reduction is approximately 43–50%. Part thickness is a dominant factor to determine the degree of foaming. For injection-molded foaming parts, part weight, tensile strength, flexural strength and stiffness decrease with increasing melt temperature, mold temperature and injection velocity, whereas they increase with increasing back pressure. Foaming results in weight reduction but it also reduces part mechanical properties. The foaming agent content increases from 0.8 to 1.6%, the mechanical properties reduces significantly. Moreover, the coinjection-molding thin-wall parts process for foaming core material embedded in nonfoaming skin material results in a foam part with very good esthetics and higher tensile strength than injection-molded foaming parts. Meanwhile, the foam core is well bonding to the nonfoam skin in the coinjection-molding parts. The present investigation provides a molding guideline for injection-molded foaming parts and coinjection-molding parts to achieve a specific objective of part quality.


Glasshouse horticulture is of great economic significance in the Netherlands. In 1985 the acreage amounted to 9000 ha. Important also was the increase of produc tion per unit of area. In the period from 1975 to 1985 it increased with 4 % per an num for the most important crops. Improved growing conditions were highly re sponsible for this increase. Glasshouse cultivation is characterized by the possibility to influence the growing conditions of crops more or less independently from the outside climate. This can be achieved by e.g. heating, watering and ventilating. In this respect it is essential to know the requirements of the different crops. Only this knowledge makes it pos sible to pursue growing conditions which are the most desirable in terms of growth, production and quality and which are at the same time economically justified. With respect to insight into the demands of crops a number of drastic developments have taken place in recent years. However, improvements in the technology of glass house climate control were even more spectacular. In the present paper some remarks will be given regarding the progress made with respect to the control of growing conditions in the glasshouse. Furthermore, attention will be paid to some important research items and perspectives.


The paper deals with morphology and physicochemical aspects of zinc powder concerning the properties of coatings. The sizes or, sooner, the size zinc powder particle distribution manifest themselves especially in the mode of arrangement and affecting the electrochemical mechanism of action in the coating. The lamellar and isometric particle shapes affect by the pigmentation mode and height especially the barrier action and physicomechanical properties of the coating.


Using a novel in vitro post mortem tracing method, we demonstrate a decrease of axonal transport in the temporal cortex neurons as compared to axonal transport in the prefrontal cortex neurons in AD patients, but not in non-demented controls. The decrease of axonal transport is related to the degree of neuropathological changes, as the temporal cortex undergoes more severe neuropathological changes in AD. The present study provides, for the first time, direct evidence of the presence of impaired axonal transport in AD brains.  2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


Intense pulse light (IPL) was reported as a safe, effective, and versatile method for hair removal. The long term results were studied from our patients receiving complete treatment of hair removal at axilla, upper and lower extremities between 2002 and 2004. Questionnaires were mailed to 27 patients who had completed IPL epilation treatment for more than two years. The patients rated the results of their treatment through satisfaction score ( range 1-5, 1. very poor; 2. poor; 3. fair; 4. good; 5 very good ), and reported long term complications, discomfort and their willingness to recommend the same treatment to their families or friends. 20 patients replied, 19 female and 1 male, aged 16 to 40 years old (mean 26.35). The range of skin types was 3 to 5. Patients received 5 to 10 treatment sessions at three week intervals at energies between 23 and 30J/cm^2. Ten patients reported a satisfaction score of 5, 9 patients a score of 4, and 1 patient reported a score of 3. No complications or discomfort were reported; 15 patients (75%) would recommend the same treatment to their families or friends. So our patients were satisfied with the long term results of IPL epilation.


Traditional power grids are currently being transformed into smart grids (SGs). SGs feature multi-way communication among energy generation, transmission, distribution, and usage facilities. The reliable, efficient, and intelligent management of complex power systems requires integration of high-speed, reliable, and secure data information and communication technology into the SGs to monitor and regulate power generation and usage. Despite several challenges, such as trade-offs between wireless coverage and capacity as well as limited spectral resources in SGs, wireless communication is a promising SG communications technology. Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) in particular are highly promising for providing timely SG wireless communications by utilizing all available spectrum resources. We provide in this paper a comprehensive survey on the CRN communication paradigm in SGs, including the system architecture, communication network compositions, applications, and CR-based communication technologies. We highlight potential applications of CR-based SG systems. We survey CR-based spectrum sensing approaches with their major classifications. We also provide a survey on CR-based routing and MAC protocols, and describe interference mitigation schemes. We furthermore present open issues and research challenges faced by CR-based SG networks along with future directions.