Formaldehdye is considered a hazardous air pollutant with numerous sources that include environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). With the increasing interest regarding ETS and public health the measurement of formaldehyde readily lends itself to a laboratory experiment comparing methods of analysis. This experiment involves the collection, derivatization, extraction, and analysis of formaldehyde from cigarette smoke using two methods. Formaldehyde is extracted from smoke and derivitized with a solution of 2,4-DNPH with subsequent cleanup by solid-phase extraction and analysis of the hydrazone by HPLC with UV detection; additionally a solution of cysteamine yields the corresponding thiazolidine derivative that is liquid/liquid extracted and subsequentlyanalyzed by either GC with NPD or FPD (sulfur mode). Reasonable agreement among the methods was obtained by labdemonstrators with spike recoveries yielding 94.7 + 6.8 (n=5) and 89.2 (n = 4) % for NPD and FPD, respectively while HPLC spiked recoveries were 83.6 + 3...


Despite widespread interest in children's adjustment problems, existing research does not provide conclusive evidence regarding the direction of the associations of achievement with classroom attention problems and disruptive behavior over the course of elementary school. Using a nationally representative sample of 16,260 kindergarteners, this study examined the temporal sequence of achievement, classroom attention problems, and disruptive behavior, focusing on how changes in skills and problems unfold across key periods between kindergarten and fifth grade. Results indicate that improvements in attention during the earliest years of schooling predict achievement gains through third grade. However, changes in disruptive behavior do not predict subsequent changes in achievement. Evidence linking changes in achievement to changes in classroom attention problems and disruptive behavior was less consistent. These findings point to the need to develop and examine early interventions that can improve attention skills as a mechanism for improving children's academic trajectories in elementary school.


A systematic control design methodology is introduced for multi-input/multi-output systems with multiple saturations. The methodology can be applied to stable and unstable open loop plants with magnitude and/or rate control saturations and to systems in which state limitations are desired. This new methodology is a substantial improvement over previous heuristic single-input/single-output approaches. The idea is to introduce a supervisor loop so that when the references and/or disturbances are sufficiently small, the control system operates linearly as designed. For signals large enough to cause saturations, the control law is modified in such a way to ensure stability and to preserve, to the extent possible, the behavior of the linear control design. Key benefits of this methodology are: the modified compensator never produces saturating control signals, integrators and/or slow dynamics in the compensator never windup, the directional properties of the controls are maintained, and the closed loop system has certain guaranteed stability properties. The advantages of the new design methodology are illustrated by numerous simulations, including the multivariable longitudinal control of modified models of the F-8 (stable) and F-16 (unstable) aircraft.


The Neotropical species of Elmohardyia Rafael are re-charaterized based principally on the male terminalia drawing and 15 new species and/or subspecies are described: argentocincta (Peru); argyrogaster (Peru, Brazil); arnaudi (USA, Mexico, Costa RICA); arx (Peru); circulus(Brazil); denigrata (Chile); lanei australis (Brazil); merga (Peru); papaveroi(Peru, Brazil); reversa (Brazil); spatulaia (Brazil); spuria Brazil); tingomariae (Peru) and tuberosa (Brazil).


The Dundo Museum (Lunda) of the Angola Diamond Company is continuing, through its musical section, the defence of the traditional folklore of the native populations of the district in which it develops its mining exploitations, and of the surrounding areas. As is known, the Museum is situated at the headquarters of the mining field, the town of Dundo on the River Luachimo, an important tributary of the Cassai. Speaking generally, it may be said that this activity has two forms: the first, or direct, consists in the action of the Museum on the folklore of the inhabitants of a large area around Dundo, which is the most populous of the district; the second, in the systematic collection of musical pieces in regions situated far away, where direct action is materially impossible.


Our study was designed to provide some insights on positive country image and the mechanisms of influence that Asian fashion industries can draw upon for future benefit. We focused on a country image and fashion products with Asian ethnic influence. Asian traditional costume elements reflected in contemporary fashion products may be important representative tools for national cultural identity. This study qualitatively investigated how and to what extent country image and additional information influence the evaluation of fashion products influenced by Chinese, Japanese, and Korean traditional dress. We conducted four focus-group interviews (FGI) with 30 students from a fashion program at a university in the United States. We analyzed the evaluation of fashion products influenced by Chinese, Japanese, and Korean traditional dress, and their associations with country image. Our qualitative analysis offered more developed empirical evidence for the various paths through which country image affects the evaluation of fashion products influenced by the ethnic dress of Asians. The results of our study showed that the more direct the source of prior knowledge, the larger the influence on product evaluation. This study showed that certain cues in the evaluation of fashion products with Asian ethnic influence induce changes in the affective state (that stem from the psychological and social nature of fashion products) and illustrate the necessity of considering the affective processes involved in the appropriate use of the country image. In the fashion industry, extrinsic properties such as the country image significantly influence the attitude and purchasing decisions of consumers. The significance of this study lies in its verification of the relationship between the country image and additional information. Modular and situational-contextual influences are also revealed as important factors that deserve more attention, as well as considerations regarding the dimensions of the country image described in attitude theory.


This paper presents the results from an ethnographic investigation about zambe and other musical practices present in Sir Geraldo Cosmes family. The empirical field is located in the community of Cabeceira, municipality of Tibau do Sul, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. In this town, economy is based on shrimp, sugar production and tourism. On the cultural expressions area, manifestations like coco de roda and, mainly, zambe kind of group music and dance, with responsorial singing and percussion accompaniment, originated from oral tradition have been highlighted. This investigation aims to identify, analyze and discuss the nowadays musical practices of the family studied. For that, it is considered that the local sonorous scenery is tensioned by two different segments, however dialogical: oral tradition and popular music, both organically interlinked and broadly communed, whether the divulgation of the repertories from electronics in general or through the local musical performances. The investigation process included bibliographical and documental research, field research, focusing on participant observation of several performances situations, and also covered analysis of photos, audio and video produced and lived on spot, as well as outside there. However, it includes the analysis of oral history as one of the main tools to guide this research. It was verified, through investigations, that in that place there is a significant and diverse number of traditional (such as zambe) and popular (genres produced by media) musical practices. It was also noticed that zambe dance attends basically to external demand, through paid presentations, while popular music is lived internally, voluntarily, as a way of entertainment. Before so many different musical genres present and shared in the same space, by the same public, musicians and moments, it was concluded that the sonorous practices in their different expressions, with uses and functions particularly defined, in the familiar context studied, are capable to dialogue and present specificities of each musical practice.%%%%O presente trabalho e resultante de uma investigacao etnografica sobre o zambe e demais praticas musicais existentes no ambiente familiar de seu Geraldo Cosme. O campo empirico situa-se na comunidade de Cabeceira, municipio de Tibau do Sul, no Rio Grande do Norte. Nesta cidade, os destaques economicos sao a carcinicultura, a producao acucareira e o turismo. No que se refere a expressoes culturais, tem obtido destaque manifestacoes como o coco de roda e, sobretudo, o zambe tipo de musica e danca coletiva, com canto responsorial e acompanhamento percussivo, pertencente a tradicao oral. Esta investigacao tem por objetivo identificar, analisar e discutir os fazeres musicais, atuais, da familia em questao. Para tanto, considera-se que a paisagem sonora local e tensionada por dois segmentos distintos, porem dialogicos: o da tradicao oral e o da musica popular, ambos organicamente interligados e amplamente comungados, quer seja em forma de veiculacao, desses…


A four-step protocol for evaluating biocidal lubricants was developed as part of a program to ensure a high quality aseptic beer. The protocol first entailed lubricant supplier approval followed by evaluation of the lubricant's physical properties. The next step involved assessment of biocidal activity and the final step was plant trials. Only after successfully completing all steps were lubricants approved for system-wide use.


Actual and reference evaporation from a wet grassland in Southeast England was studied over the spring and summer of 1999 (March to September) through changes in surface wetness. The Penman–Monteith (using resistance values for reference grass surface), equilibrium evaporation and Priestley–Taylor models were compared with output from the Bowen ratio energy balance (BREB) method. On field visits, inundation of the grazing marsh was mapped and surface soil moisture monitored in a regular grid using a capacitance probe. During the study period, the extent of flooding fell from approximately 10% to 0% and the surface soil moisture declined from over 38% to 15%. Daily averaged Bowen ratios displayed large variation but were below unity, indicating that latent energy flux was the dominant energy sink. The Penman–Monteith and equilibrium evaporation models underestimated during periods of surface inundation and overestimated when no surface water was present. Computed values of the Priestley–Taylor parameter α showed daily variability, but α was predictable with surface wetness such an average value of α = 1·25 characterized periods of inundation, and an average values of α = 0·80 represented periods of no surface water. The performance of the models in computing actual evaporation was compared with the BREB using the root‐mean‐square error and index of agreement. The optimal model was the Priestley–Taylor model. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The present invention relates to a charge-discharge control system of the battery for V2G frequency control, and more particularly to charge for the battery at the current receiving charge and a charge storable amount information, and the user terminal for the internal battery from the electric vehicle requirements and after receiving the charging end time information, the charging unit to charge the battery; And a charge control unit for charging the required amount for the electric vehicle from the charging unit, the charging end time, receiving at least one information of the current charge state, based on the received information passes the electric energy for charging of the battery by the charging section; It includes. With this configuration, the charge-discharge control system of the battery for V2G frequency control of the present invention in consideration of the current state of charge for a battery electric vehicle to determine the optimum chungbang amount for the battery in the micro-grid, isolated from the main grid there is an effect that it is possible.


The efficient synthesis of the monosaccharide analogs of lipids A bearing two 3-acyloxytetradecanoyl and phosphoryl groups at the C-2, 3 and C-4 positions of the glucosamine skeleton is described. Also a preliminary analysis of their biological activities is presented.


Assessment for Learning (AfL) has gained increasing international prominence in both policy and practice but some of its proliferation, notably the national strategy in England, has been accompanied by distortion of essential features. This paper presents an understanding of authentic (in the sense of genuine) AfL informed by literature and particularly by two major research projects. Assessment for learning is characterised by information being used to inform learning and teaching, its focus on learning conceived broadly, and actively engage progressively more autonomous students. It is distinctive in its timescale, protagonists, beneficiaries, the role of students, the relationship between student and teacher, and the centrality of learning to the process – all of which can but may not necessarily be features of formative assessment. An examination of the document setting out the National Assessment for Learning Strategy in England reveals the ways that it is at odds with authentic assessment for learning.


The compensation effect of refractive index of air is the "bottle neck" factor in high accurate interferometry. To measure the refractive index of air accurately is helpful to improve the accuracy of laser interferometry. A multi point computer compensation device for improving the accuracy of laser interferometry based on measuring the dielectric coefficient of air using capacitance sensors to get the refractive index of air indirectly is studied. The compensation device is simple and there are few error sources in measurement links. It is testified by performed experiments that the accuracy of compensated values is improved compared with uncompensated ones.


A novel phenomenon of anomalous contrast in scanning electron microscope when the instrument is used to observe an insulator specimen with a wolfram probe, we called double imaging, is reported in this article. We give a detail analysis of this phenomenon in its occurrence, and discuss the influence of the added probe to internal electric field which lead to the occurrence of double imaging.


The problem of soil salinization is becoming more and more serious, and the area of saline land is increasing, which seriously affects the sustainable development of agriculture. The Yellow River Delta (YRD) of China not only has highly saline and alkalized soil but also drought in spring or autumn. Coupled with salt in the soil, the plants growing here are often subjected to double stress from salinity and drought, resulting in a decline in plant yields and economic benefits. Elaeagnus angustifolia L. is a tree species that can tolerate salt and drought. In recent years, research on the stress resistance of E. angustifolia has been abundant, but most of them focus on a single stress factor. There are few studies on the physiological characteristics of E. angustifolia seedlings under double stress from salinity and drought. An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of drought and salt stress on the growth and physiological characteristics of


This paper demonstrates the main aspects of the technology for GaAs microwave monolithic integrated circuits fabrication. The self-aligned technology with multilayer dielectric "dummy gate" used for fabrication of the metal-semiconductor field effect transistor with 0.5 microns gate length and ion implantation for channel, drain and source regions formation is described. Methods of front- and backside processing and specifications of control MMICs such as L-, S- and X-band switches, attenuators and phase-shifters are described.


Objective To investigate the effects of co rn bract on leukocyte apoptosis and CD44 expression in rabbits with atherosclero sis. Methods Thirty-two rabbits were divided into norm al group, atherosclerosis model group, low-dose group (received low-dose corn bract decoction as drinking water after being fed with high cholesterol diet for 9 weeks), and high-dose group (received high-dose corn bract decoction 9 week s after high cholesterol). Leukocyte apoptosis and CD 44 expression in peri pheral blood were detected with flow cytometry (FCM) at the 17th week; the aorta form was compared among groups. Results ① Both leukoc yte apoptosis rate (6.58±2.53 %) and CD 44 expression (6.97±1.41) in mode l group were higher than those of control group (P0.01). ② Leukocyte apopt osis and CD 44 expression were 3.11±1.50 and 4.76±0.57 in low-dose group , 3.74±1.66 and 4.64±0.42 in high-dose group respectively, lower than model g roup significantly (P0.01). Conclusions Corn bract decoction has significant effects of reducing leukocyte apoptosis and CD 44 expression in atherosclerosis rabbits without decreasing cholesterol and lipi d in blood.


Would it be possible to explain the emergence of new computational ideas using the computation itself? Would it be feasible to describe the discovery process of new algorithmic solutions using only mathematics? This study is the first effort to analyze the nature of such inquiry from the viewpoint of effort to find a new algorithmic solution to a given problem. We define program reachability as a probability function whose argument is a form of the energetic cost (algorithmic entropy) of the problem.


The Russian S&T sector has come high on the Russian policy agenda in efforts to diversify the economy beyond primary goods production. In this context, foresight has become in recent years an important tool for S&T policy making in Russia. Specialized institutes, which provide analytical support to the government and R&D and innovation funding institutions were established. But foresight is also applied for developing and deepening of the EU-Russia R&D and innovation cooperation within the FP7 funded ERA.Net RUS project. 1. Russian R&D and innovation In the recent years the Russian R&D and innovation sector has undergone tremendous changes while policy makers have taken important decisions to modernise it. At the beginning of the 1990s, when the Soviet Union was dissolved, the Russian Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) declined dramatically from levels over 2% of GDP to around 0.7% of GDP. It has grown 1 See for details on the ERA.Net RUS project and its preliminary analytical results of EU-Russia S&T cooperation at: www.eranet-rus.eu. PROBLEMY EKSPLOATACJI – MAINTENANCE PROBLEMS 3-2010 70 since then and stands currently at levels slightly above 1% of GDP (see Fig. 1). According to this indicator, Russia is at the same level as Italy, but well below the biggest EU countries. In the analysis of these figures, it needs to be taken into consideration that the Russian GDP has expanded up to the year 2008 strongly at levels of 6% per year and financial inflows into R&D and innovation have de facto increased substantially. United Kingdom France Germany (including ex-GDR from 1991)


On the base of connotative definition and theoretical basis, the initial measurement project of develop Innovation team leader leadership behavior scale refer to scales of scholars both at home and abroad, use the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to select measurement project. The project obtains a scale where evaluation results structural dimensions, reliability and validity are rational,and then develop measuring Innovation team leader leadership behavior scale. It includes innovative task-oriented, personnel relationship-oriented, participating in innovation and toxic/destructive leadership behavior four primary indicators and sticking to the target, target monitoring and so on twenty-five secondary indicators.


With the development of wireless communication, the popularity of smart phones, the increasing of social networking services, mobile social networking has become a hot research topic. The characteristics of mobile devices and requirements of services in social environments raise a challenge on building a platform for mobile social services. In this paper, we elaborate a flexible system architecture based on the service-oriented specification to support social interactions in campus-wide environments. In the client side, we designed a mobile middleware to collect social contexts such as the proximity, the cell phone log etc. The server backend, on the other hand, aggregates such contexts, analyses social connections among users and provides social services to facilitate social interactions. A prototype of mobile social networking system is deployed on campus, and several applications are implemented based on the proposed architecture to demonstrate the effectiveness of the architecture.


Point-of-care testing (POCT) of clinical biomarkers is critical to health monitoring and timely treatment, yet biosensing assays capable of detecting biomarkers without the need for costly external equipment and reagents are limited. Blood-based assays are, specifically, challenging as blood collection is invasive, and several processing steps are required. A promising alternative to blood is interstitial fluid (ISF), which originates from blood and fills the extracellular space; thus, it has common biomarkers with plasma/serum while also containing biomarkers unique to the local cells. A wide range of metabolites, including amino acids, lipids, nucleotides, and protein biomarkers, can be detected in ISF, emphasizing the potential of ISF for health monitoring. Microneedle (MN)-based biosensors have recently emerged as a promising approach for investigating the ISF. They enable minimally invasive penetration through the skin for ISF access. Specifically, Hydrogel-based MNs have two main advantages; i) their fabrication is cost-effective and simple, ii) they are highly biocompatible. Therefore, they overcome the challenges with conventional solid MNs. However, Hydrogel Microneedles (HMN) capable of both extracting ISF and sensing an analyte on-microneedle (without any need for post-sampling processing) have been limited. Here, we report a versatile assay that employs HMNs to both extract (ISF) and perform on-MN sensing of a specific analyte/biomarker in a minimally invasive manner. Our assay incorporates graphene oxide-nucleic acid (GO.NA) optical sensors for sensing. The GO.NA optical sensor consists of GO nanosheets conjugated to fluorophore-modified nucleic acid (NA), in which GO acts as a quencher. Single-stranded NAs have high affinity for binding to GO, therefore, in the absence of the biomarker of interest the NAs are tightly bound to GO; in turn, their fluorophore tag is quenched. However, in the presence of a specific biomarker, the NAs bind to their target, inducing a conformational change that distances the fluorophore tag from GO, leading to fluorescence recovery and generation of an optical signal. GO also acts as a substrate for NA immobilization; therefore, it protects the NA from degradation and prevents any potential NA release from HMN-GO.NA. To enable microscope-free patch visualization and optical measurements for POCT, we developed a miniaturized smartphone-based system that captures fluorescence images of the HMN-GO.NA patches (Scheme 1A and 1B), which are then analyzed using freely available software (ImageJ). Our system could successfully measure six clinically important biomarkers (glucose, uric acid, insulin, and serotonin as well as microribonucleic acid 210 and 21) in-vitro (using phantom gel) and ex-vivo (using porcine skin). Further, we have been able to accurately detect glucose and uric acid in live diabetic animal models, proving the efficacy of our system.

 Figure 1


Based on the principle of balance of water input and output of closed basin system, the mechanism model of river hydrological dynamic process in ideal state is given. Within basin the net rainfall input process transferres to the output process of the system in the form of stream flow and water level and through space. The geosphere, ecosphere and human being effect are the factor that affect the river hydrological dynamic process behave. Select the basin system as study object according to human being effect change very little nearly recent 40 years and the forestry state as the greatest ecosphere in land are marked different. Collecting the hydrological and meteorological observation data for nearly 40 successive years recently of the study basin, and Separating the observation data in series samples which are in successive 5 years as one sample as system identification input and output data, then identify the hydrologic dynamic process models of different period. Comparing the differences of river hydrological dynamic process behave in different period and refer to forestry states, the evaluation results of forestry hydrological effect have been given.


The objective of this problem is the study of the mechanisms that take place in the cathode Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) of a Hydrogen-Oxygen Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell. Within a Gas Diffusion Membrane, transport of liquid water, water vapor, oxygen, nitrogen and heat are the main processes taking place. This is modeled using convection-diffusion equations for both oxygen and water vapor in the layer supplemented with suitable boundary conditions. The goals in this work include (1) the numerical solution of the scaled two-dimensional problem, (2) the validation of the one-dimensional solutions, (3) an analysis of the anisotropic nature of the membrane, and (4) a better treatment of the temperature and pressure along the layer. The group was able to solve numerically the two-dimensional problem after the introduction of dimensionless variables. The solutions obtained using two different numerical schemes were compared. The non-dimensionalization introduces a small parameter which relates the aspect ratio between the height and the width of the layer. In the asymptotic case when this small parameter approaches zero the problem reduces to a set of two ODEs. The solution of these equations was compared against results previously obtained for the one-dimensional case. The convection-diffusion equations were generalized to consider the anisotropic nature of the layer. The resulting equations were solved numerically. For some particular choices, the distribution of oxygen along the layer appears to be more efficient as compared to the isotropic case.


One of the important areas of vulnerability that has been repeatedly identified following the events of September 11, 2001 is the potential for an intentional attack on America's food supply. Despite the importance of equipping professionals to protect our nation's food supply, educators face a scarcity of information on which to base food protection and defense curricula and training development efforts. This research sought to identify a set of knowledge content areas required by food protection and defense professionals. A Developing A CurriculUM (DACUM) process was employed to create a job task analysis that identified duties, tasks, steps, and associated knowledge, skills, and abilities for this occupational category. The knowledge areas identified during the DACUM process and validated through a stakeholder survey were used to frame the program for a training workshop and computer simulation in which participants responded to a mock intentional food contamination event. Results of this process can serve as foundational elements that can be shaped by instructional and curricular design experts to create educational programs in food protection and defense for graduate students and in-service professionals.


Neurotransmitter release requires a tight coupling between synaptic vesicle exocytosis and endocytosis with dynamin being a key protein in that process. We used imaging techniques to examine the time course of endocytosis at mouse motor nerve terminals expressing synaptopHluorin, a genetically encoded reporter of the synaptic vesicle cycle. We separated two sequential phases of endocytosis taking place during the stimulation train: early and late endocytosis. Freshly released synaptic vesicle proteins are preferentially retrieved during the early phase, which is very sensitive to dynasore, an inhibitor of dynamin GTPase activity. Synaptic vesicle proteins pre‐existing at the plasma membrane before the stimulation are preferentially retrieved during the late phase, which is very sensitive to myristyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (MitMAB), an inhibitor of the dynamin–phospholipid interaction.


Single crystals of (H2pip) [Ni(H2O)6](SeO4)2 (pip: piperazine) are prepared by slow evaporation of an aqueous solution of NiCO3, piperazine, and H2SeO4 in a 1:1:2 molar ratio.


Although descriptive questions have the advantage of being able to evaluate the higher mental abilities of the learners by allowing their thoughts or opinions to be directly described, the difficulties and fairness of the scoring have been pointed out as limitations. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to examine the fundamentals of such questions rather than the issue of whether they faithfully meet the requirements of an assessment tool so as to avoid surface descriptions of the resulting limitations.
For this purpose, this study analyzed learners'' descriptive answers using systemic functional linguistics (SFL), which regards language as a tool of knowledge construction. The "somewhat awkward and partial learners'' answer," which is one of the categories in the scoring process, contains much information about the learner''s current stage of knowledge construct development.
The analysis confirmed that the learners'' descriptive answers showed transitional characteristics from "everyday language" to "scientific language." It is possible to summarize the linguistic characteristics of the learners'' answers as a faded metaphor―an intermediate stage of transitioning to a complete level grammatical metaphor. From the point of view of language development, this "faded metaphor" is an important reference point for understanding "what," "when," and "which form" is needed for learners to attain an ideal academic language.
In order to collect a variety of language data from learners, closely observe their developmental stages through the data, and introduce the results back into education, a consistent theoretical framework is needed that should be based on all these processes. The grammatical metaphor theory of systemic functional linguistics used as the theoretical basis of this paper is not only a theoretical framework that can examine the conceptualizations of subject experts(assessors) and learners(appraisees), but can also serve as a basis for collecting and analyzing language data. It also supports the concrete content of the teaching and learning methods for teaching students. Based on this, it is necessary to emphasize the role of language as an essential tool for the knowledge construction of the subject of Korean in order to provide a theoretical basis for establishing a step-by-step, systematic teaching and learning strategy, as well as contributing to the refinement of scoring training and management measures.


Falls are the second leading cause of accidental injury in the U.S. Based on reports to the Federal Railroad Administration, the rail transit industry carried 7.25 billion passengers (1976-1980) and these patrons experienced about 10,000 station falls. This study investigates the problem of falling accidents in transit stations including the implications that go beyond the injuries sustained by victims. This report examines one system and consists of: 1) a review of human factors related to the design of pedestrian facilities and mechanics of falling; 2) development and analysis of a database on transit patron falling accidents in stations to establish the characteristics of victim and accident relationships for various types of pedestrian facilities; 3) a review of industry risk and claims management practices and costs of falls; 4) development of recommended design and operating practices to reduce falls; and 5) summary of the proceedings of a special industry workshop addressing the falling accident problem. Based on this study, accident reports in one system show alcohol involvement in 29 percent of all falls and 55 percent of male falls where an ambulance was called. Off-peak incident rates were higher; P.M. peak was higher than A.M. Most falls were due to personal factors. Station falls cost the industry an estimated $1.7 million annually in claims settlements. Study also shows that high industry standards of design and maintenance result in lower incident rates and settlements than the general experience. Design improvements are warranted to reduce incident rates, severity, and claims. A workshop seminar involving industry representatives indicated support for a uniform industry reporting form and the use of media campaigns to encourage safe practices to avoid falls.


b-propionic acid chloride, forms the corresponding dipyrimidylsulfide. Further the reactions of obtaining dipyrimidyl sulfides containing at N 5 - acetic acid residue, and at N 5 '-b-propionic and chloroacetic have been investigated Acylation of 5-amino-4-methoxy-6-methylmercaptoperimidine with chloroacetic acid chloride gives 4-methoxy-6-methylmercapto-5-chloroacetylaminopyrimidine. When the latter is reacted with 5-amino-4-methoxy-6-mercaptopyrimidine, the corresponding dipyrimidylsulfide is obtained, which is then acylated at the amino group with chloroacetic and b-propionic acid chlorides.


The intellectual activity named ʿilm al-kalām in Arabic is broadly equivalent to the English term philosophical theology.1 This translation is useful because it presupposes that there can be a coherent combination of philosophy – the use of rational argument to clarify, or justify, truth – and theology in the sense of systematic discourse about the divine....


The complexity (quasi-pseudo-metric) spaces have been introduced as part of the development of a topological foundation for the complexity analysis of algorithms ((Sch95]). Applications of this theory to the complexity analysis of Divide & Conquer algorithms have been discussed in Sch95]. Typically these applications involve xed point arguments based on the Smyth completion. The notion of S-completability plays an important role in the study of the complexity spaces since it implies a simpliication of the Smyth completion to the bicompletion (e.g. Sch95], Smy92] and S un91]). A characterization of S-completable quasi-uniform spaces has been given in S un91]. We present a related characterization of S-completable quasi-pseudo-metric spaces and provide a simpliied proof of the fact that weightable quasi-pseudo-metric spaces are S-completable ((K un93]). We recall that the weightable quasi-pseudo-metric spaces and the totally bounded quasi-pseudo-metric spaces ((Smy91] and S un91]) form the two main examples of classes of S-completable quasi-pseudo-metric spaces encountered in the literature. Complexity spaces are S-completable since they form a class of weightable spaces ((Sch95]). Complexity spaces with a complexity lower bound are shown to be totally bounded and this result is discussed in the light of Smyth's computational interpretation of totally boundedness ((Smy91]).


There is growing interest in using immersive technology, which includes augmented, virtual, and mixed reality, in medical education. We conducted a narrative literature review to identify elements to consider when using immersive technologies in medical education. Our search revealed clusters of key articles for different applications that point to four categories of elements to consider. We recommend matching learning objectives with choices aligned with these elements for the purchase, implementation, and use of immersive technologies with individuals and groups of medical students.


Objective To study the anxiety of gravida with pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH) and its related influential factors in order to improve the effectiveness of psychological counseling on PIH.Methods A 1∶1 matched case control study was undertaken on two groups of women in 13 hospitals consisting of 326 parturients with PIH and the other without complications.The women were tested with Hamiton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),and their attending families were assessed by self rating anxiety scale(ASA).The related influential factors were investigated.Results The scores of anxiety in PIH were higher than those in control group(P0.001).The multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the anxiety level of gravida with PIH was influenced mainly by anxiety of attending family(OR=3.33),frequency of examination ante partum(OR=0.21) and husband attending(OR=0.36) whereas the main influential factors in control group were social attitude,relation with mother in law and history of delivery.Conclusion Regular examination ante partum and enhancing education about PIH to the gravida and their families are the keys to ease the anxiety of gravida with PIH.


The memristor has been identified as a potential solution for achieving non-von Neumann computation due to its ability to perform computation-in-memory, therefore bypassing the memory transfer bottleneck. Many memristive technologies have emerged with various mechanisms ranging from binary resistive switching to fully analog intercalation-based memristors. However, application of memristors to novel computing architectures have been mostly limited to memory arrays and multiply-and-accumulate functions, for example in convolutional neural networks (CNN) [1]. However, future recurrent neural networks (RNN) must implement complex temporal dynamics. Hence, a memristor model is proposed with the versatility to emulate various memristive technologies, including those with a true or virtual dependence on flux-linkage, as well as deploy temporal computation for the investigation of new computing architectures.


Islamic finance quality show that performance improved, as indicated by the growing share of financing for the results of mudharabah and musyarakah. This study was conducted to examine the effect of macro economic indicators as measured by inflation, interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and money supply to the ROA of Islamic Banking in Indonesia. Data analysis techniques used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. F test results showed that simultaneous independent variables affect ROA. While the results of t tests showed that the inflation variable showed no significant effect on ROA. This is because, when inflation is high then the public more confidence in the Islamic banking compared with conventional banking. Predictive ability of four variables on ROA in this study by 19.8%, while the remaining 80.2% influenced by other factors that are not included in the research model.


The annual timing of spring phenological events is mainly driven by temperature after the dormancy is overcome. Variations in phenological stages are therefore a valuable source of information for investigating the possible impact of climate variability and change on plant species (Chmielewsky and Rötzer 2002). Recent studies indicating changes in phenological stages in plant and animal species provide evidence that ecosystems are responding to climate change (Menzel 2000; Wolfe et al. 2005). However, informations are still scarce for Mediterranean and semi-arid ecosystems (Penuelas et al. 2002). This study shows the phenological behaviors of some Mediterranean and higher latitude species planted in two phenological gardens located at different latitude in Italy. The paper also attempts to investigate the variability in phenophase occurrence between 1986 and 2005.


In this paper, we introduce the design of Hybot, a botnet which could recover its command and control (C&C) channel in a tolerable delay in case most of critical resources are destroyed. Hybot exploits a hybrid C&C structure, hybrid P2P and URL Flux, to ensure both robustness and effectiveness. Our preliminary results show that the design of Hybot is feasible, consequently posing potential threat for Internet security. The goal of our work is to increase the understanding of advanced botnets which will promote the development of more efficient countermeasures.


Theory and practice of Swammerdam's scientific method in his entomology Swammerdam manifested himself in his entomological writings as a sharp critic of rationalism and bookishness and as a staunch supporter of empiricism. He stressed the importance of careful and unbiassed observation and regarded phenomenological "laws" as the ultimate aim of scientific research. Swammerdam pointed out that his entomological studies were in conformity with his methodological prescriptions. The relation between theory and practice is analysed in the second part of this paper. It appears that Swammerdam was indeed a consistent empiricist. The reproach that he renounced his empiricism with his ideas on the pre-existence of germs is unfounded. Here too, Swammerdam upholds the primacy of experience and maintains his cautious empirical attitude.


Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients need to undergo screening and receive treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) before starting tofacitinib, which is primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4. Among chemoprophylactic agents, rifampin is known to be a potent CYP3A4 inducer; therefore, it is expected to decrease the efficacy of tofacitinib. However, tofacitinib and rifampin have been co-administered practically because of the short duration of chemoprophylaxis. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of tofacitinib on co-administration with rifampin. Methods: Biologic-naive RA patients treated with tofacitinib were selected, and electronic medical reports were reviewed retrospectively. All patients underwent screening for LTBI before starting tofacitinib, and patients with positive results were treated to prevent progression to active tuberculosis. To evaluate the efficacy of tofacitinib with or without rifampin, the discontinuation rates of tofacitinib were examined during the first 6 months. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to construct cumulative discontinuation curves, and comparisons were performed using the log-rank test. Results: Among 81 patients who started tofacitinib, 21 (25.9%) were LTBI-positive and 18 (22.2%) were administered rifampin concomitantly with tofacitinib. The median follow-up time was 6 months in both patients who received rifampin (interquartile range [IQR] 2.21, 6.00) and those who did not receive rifampin (IQR 5.97, 6.00) (p = 0.083). There were no significant differences between patients who received rifampin and those who did not receive rifampin in all baseline characteristics, except the swollen joint count (3.00 [1.75, 5.25] vs. 5.00 [4.00, 7.00]; p = 0.025), at the time of starting tofacitinib. In patients who received rifampin at the time of starting tofacitinib, the mean duration of co-administration was 47.00 ± 23.54 days (median 56; IQR 28.75, 59.00). During follow-up, 14 of the 81 patients (17.3%) discontinued tofacitinib. As shown in the Figures 1 and 2, the discontinuation rate of tofacitinib within the first 6 months was significantly higher among patients who received rifampin for LTBI than among those who did not receive rifampin (lack of efficacy: 24.7% vs. 5.1%, p = 0.008; all causes: 38.9% vs. 11.2%, p = 0.002). Seven patients discontinued tofacitinib because of uncontrolled RA activity, and rifampin had been administered concomitantly in four of these seven patients. Of the four patients, three stopped taking tofacitinib in the middle of LTBI treatment, and the DAS28-ESR scores of these patients were higher at discontinuation than at baseline. Conclusion: Discontinuation rates were higher in RA patients who started tofacitinib during chemoprophylaxis involving rifampin than in those who did not receive rifampin. Physicians should be aware that the efficacy of tofacitinib could be decreased by the chemoprophylactic regimen for tuberculosis. Disclosure of Interests:None declared


Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine how levels of trait professional skepticism (i.e. professional skepticism based on personal traits) and different experiences with a specific hypothetical client (i.e. positive, negative, or none) affect audit judgments. Design/methodology/approach - The paper is based on an experiment with auditing students, with one manipulated variable and one measured variable. Findings - The results show that initial expectations are driven primarily by client experience except when none is present (then driven by trait), but the experience has greater influence on low trait skeptics. Participants who are more skeptical are more sensitive to fraud evidence at the evidence evaluation stage. Research limitations/implications - The study uses student participants which reduces generalizability of the results to other populations. However, students are advantageous participants for examining pure trait skepticism unaffected by audit experience. Originality/value - The paper examines audit judgments at multiple stages of the audit decision-making process to determine the impact on each stage. The results of this paper support concerns that audit quality is affected both by trait professional skepticism and prior client-specific experiences.


Abstract. The article examines how to adapt the global production network (GPN) approach to situations of natural resource extraction. Based on an
integration of a political ecology perspective into GPN research, we
exemplarily apply the GPN framework to the primary sector. Based on
extensive qualitative fieldwork regarding Argentine lithium mining and
Brazilian soy agribusiness we illustrate that particularly a political
ecological environmental perspective allows for a more nuanced and critical
analysis of ambiguous local development outcomes. While from a purely
economic development perspective in both cases the economic activity
(integrated into GPNs) is celebrated as an imperative economic growth
driver, our framework helps identify the emergence of unilateral
dependencies, a decline of social autonomy and an unequal distribution of
environmental risks.


Linked interpolation functions for straight 3D Timoshenko beam elements, which provide exact solution for a general static loading, are derived in this work by solving the differential equation for the problem and expressing the solution in terms of the nodal values for the positions and rotations. If only the boundaries of the beam element are taken as the nodal points, the resulting interpolation becomes dependent on the geometric, material and loading parameters of the problem. On the other hand, for arbitrary polynomial loading and a sufficient number of nodal points N, the exact solution may also be provided by independent interpolation for the rotation field and the position field with the Lagrangian polynomials of order N-1 and N, respectively.


Catalase activity of mixed liquor suspended solids of aeration tank of activated sludge plants in Milwaukee, WI, was measured in sonicated samples. Catalase activity varied in the samples of mixed liquor suspended solids collected from the head and end of the aeration tanks; in return activated sludge; and in waste activated sludge. Catalase activity decreased in mixed liquor suspended solids, on prolonged aeration (8 days), in the absence of added sewage. Volatile suspended solids and catalase activity seemed to bear a relationship.


This paper introduced the construction process of traffic bridge,expatiated emphatically the lifting method of traffic bridge precast panels,and discussed the installing safe technical requirements,emergency plans when lifting,the processes of problems after lifting,so as to provide guidance for similar projects.


On January 21, 1972 the Mars-3 spacecraft observed a variation in the magnetic field during its periapsis passage over the dayside of Mars that was suggestive of entry into a Martian magnetosphere. The original data and trajectory have been obtained to simulate the observed variation of the magnetic field using gasdynamics. In the gasdynamic model, a flow field is first generated and then this flowfield is used to carry the interplanetary magnetic field through the Martian magnetosheath. The independence of the flow field and magnetic field calculation allows rapid convergence on an IMF orientation which would result in a magnetic variation similar to that observed by Mar-3. There appears to be no need to invoke an entry into a Martian magnetosphere to explain these observations.


This paper proposes a novel probabilistic neural network (PNN) using delta-sigma modulation (DS modulation) with the aim of realizing high performance in the case of the pattern discrimination of bioelectric signals. The proposed network includes a statistical model so that the posterior probability for the given input patterns can be estimated. Moreover, the calculation speed of the proposed network in the hardware can be increased since the 1-bit pulse signals with delta-sigma modulators (DSMs) are used for the realization of the internal calculation of the network. In this paper, we implemented the proposed network on a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and discrimination experiments were conducted using the artificial data and the electromyogram (EMG) patterns of an amputee. In the experiments, we confirmed that the proposed network has a high accuracy of pattern discrimination.


To counter the issues of groundwater overdraft and seawater intrusion,a simulation-optimization model,coupled with recharge,pumpage and groundwater level,is established for the optimization groundwater management.The artificial fish-swarm algorithm is coupled with MODFLOW2000,which is used to solve the management model.The management model is used in water saving irrigation region,Weihai city,Shandong province,to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the management model.The result shows that the amount of groundwater pumpage reaches maximum during October through December.From the point of maximum,there will be a reduction in the pumping activity until next May.It is found that the permissible pumpage ranges from 3500 to 1120m3/month at well 1 in the coastal area,and 6540 to 2920m3/month in the non-coastal area.Comparing to the current plan for groundwater operation,there will be increases in the total effective water supply of 1990 m3 and in the groundwater level of 0.29 m.The result is reasonable and feasible.The management model is applicable for optimizing groundwater management strategies in coastal areas.


In this work we present a rigorous and straightforward method to detect the onset of the instability of replica-symmetric theories in information processing systems, which does not require a full replica analysis as in the method originally proposed by de Almeida and Thouless for spin glasses. The method is based on an expansion of the free-energy obtained within one-step of replica symmetry breaking (RSB) around the RS value. As such, it requires solely continuity and differentiability of the free-energy and it is robust to be applied broadly to systems with quenched disorder. We apply the method to the Hopfield model and to neural networks with multi-node Hebbian interactions, as case studies. In the appendices we test the method on the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick and the Ising P-spin models, recovering the AT lines known in the literature for these models, as a special limit, which corresponds to assuming that the transition from the RS to the RSB phase can be obtained by varying continuously the order parameters. Our method provides a generalization of the AT approach, which does not rely on this limit and can be applied to systems with discontinuous phase transitions, as we show explicitly for the spherical P-spin model, recovering the known RS instability line.


Stable transmission holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal grating with reasonably high diffraction efficiency (72%, induction period 576 s) could be prepared via radical network formation of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (only 10 wt %, photo-cross-linkable, further diluted with 10 wt % 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) and 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (80 wt %, non cross-linkable by radical polymerization, but cross-linkable by hydrolysis-condensation) in the presence of 35 wt % TL 203 as a liquid crystal, assisted by simultaneous hydrolysis-condensation of trimethoxysilyl group. The hydrolysis-condensation was induced by moisture in reagents and proton species produced from 3, 3′-carbonylbis[7′-diethylaminocoumarine] as a photo-sensitizer and diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate as a photo-initiator. Grating could not be formed for the same system with 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethylsilane (non hydrolyzable and not cross-linkable).Rather decreased efficiency of 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane system (13% efficiency, 693 s induction period) was remarkably improved to 75% (75 s induction period) by introducing hydrophilic urethane group into the spacer to facilitate easier hydrolysis. The long grating spacing of 0.9 μm indicates very small volume shrinkage. The maximum diffraction efficiency (85%) was observed at 60–70 wt % 3-N-(2-methacryloxyethoxycarbonyl)aminopropyltriethoxysilane, but with a little larger volume shrinkage.Introduction of aminoalcohol group in the spacer could further shorten the induction period to 18 s, but the diffraction efficiency was rather low (20%).


Introduction: The malignant brain neoplasm is the cerebral tumor constituted by primitives cells with neuronal and glial diferentiation. Objective: To evaluate the profile of hospitalizations due to malignant brain neoplasm registered in Brazil among 2017 and 2020. Methods: We performed a cross secctional study from public health system database of hospitalar morbity related to hospitalizations by year and federative unit among 2017 and 2020. Results: In the period from 2017 to 2020, Brazil registered a total of 58.177 admissions for Malignant Neoplasm of the Brain. The Southeast region had highest rate of hospitalizations in that time interval, with a total of 25,266 cases (highest rate was 2019, with 6.636 cases). South region was the second place, with 13.738 hospitalizations (highest rate was 2020, with 3.613 cases). Third, Northeast region with 11,197 hospitalizations (the highest rate was 2018, with 2,837 hospitalizations). Fourth, the Central-West region, where 5.586 were hospitalizaed (with highest number of hospitalizations in 2018, 1.469 cases). The North region has the lowest incidence, with 2,390 hospitalizations (highest rate was 2019, with 665 hospitalizations). In relation to the total result of hospitalizations, the year 2019 has the highest rate of hospitalizations (n = 14.966) and the year 2020 the lowest rate (n = 14.235). Conclusion: The Southeast region had the highest rates of hospitalizations due to malignant brain câncer and the year of 2019 had the higher prevalence of hospitalized.


recently proposed a less complex approach to evaluating the microvessels of colonic lesions.10 They examined the clinical usefulness of NBI with magnification in the assessment of microvascular architecture of colonic lesions. The microvascular changes appreciated with this technique appeared to correlate with histologic grade, enabling the endoscopist to predict the diagnosis and ultimately select the most appropriate therapeutic intervention. Their data support the use of NBI for evaluating microvascular changes in colonic tissue; however, NBI appears to be useful in other areas of the gastrointestinal tract as well. We have used their methods in the evaluation of colonic lesions and have deemed them to be user-friendly and accurate. Over the last 50 years, we have witnessed an evolution in endoscopy from early rigid limited-viewing endoscopes to the current wide-angle video-magnifying endoscopes. The future will likely bring further advancement to endoscopic detection of premalignant tissue within the gastrointestinal tract. Currently, NBI with magnification appears to be part of a new revolution in endoscopic detection. This technology, in conjunction with a more straightforward and concise classification system, appears to be promising, as it allows for detailed inspection of suspicious mucosal abnormalities. NBI will also likely improve early detection of these lesions, as demonstrated in our 2 cases.


Abstract Research conducted in Europe and the United States has shown that the nature of the linkage between the elite and the non‐elite is crucial in modern democratic societies. With data drawn from matched samples of the workforce, and of leaders in government, business and trade unions, this paper uses multivariate analysis to examine attitudinal linkages between the elite and the non‐elite in Australia. The results show, firstly, that there is little variation in the belief structures of the two groups, though this may be partly a consequence of the questions that were asked. Secondly, there are significant variations in where the elite and mass are distributed in these attitudes, and some additional variations within the elite itself. Finally, three hypotheses are tested to explain the differences in elite‐nonelite attitudes. Two hypotheses — that the variations can be attributed to socioeconomic status or elite networks — have little empirical foundation, while the third hypothesis — that variation...


Multi-document abstractive summarization aims is to create a compact version of the source text and preserves the important information. The existing graph based methods rely on Bag of Words approach, which treats sentence as bag of words and relies on content similarity measure. The obvious limitation of Bag of Words approach is that it ignores semantic relationships among words and thus the summary produced from the source text would not be adequate. This paper proposes a clustered semantic graph based approach for multi-document abstractive summarization. The approach operates by employing semantic role labeling (SRL) to extract the semantic structure (predicate argument structures) from the document text. The predicate argument structures (PASs) are compared pair wise based on Lin semantic similarity measure to build semantic similarity matrix, which is thus represented as semantic graph whereas the vertices of graph represent the PASs and the edges correspond to the semantic similarity weight between the vertices. Content selection for summary is made by ranking the important graph vertices (PASs) based on modified graph based ranking algorithm. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering is performed to eliminate redundancy in such a way that representative PAS with the highest salience score from each cluster is chosen, and fed to language generation to generate summary sentences. Experiment of this study is performed using DUC-2002, a standard corpus for text summarization. Experimental results reveal that the proposed approach outperforms other summarization systems.


Analog circuit faults are the main cause of performance degradation or paralysis in integrated circuit systems. However, due to the complex causes and diverse manifestations of circuit faults themselves, traditional methods have high difficulty in identifying typical faults in analog circuits and low recognition accuracy. This article constructs an improved ResNet deep feature recognition network model and establishes one-dimensional and two-dimensional fault information sources. Finally, particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to search for the optimal parameters solved by the model, ultimately achieving improvements in the accuracy and recognition speed of analog circuit fault diagnosis. Finally, through experimental verification, the recognition accuracy of typical fault C2 reached 99.6%, proving the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper.


This paper describes different techniques of OFDM-CDMA communication and compares the performance of these techniques using Matlab simulation. OFDM-CDMA inherits the anti multi path fading ability of OFDM technology as well as the high user capacity of CDMA. It can be used principally in mobile communication with joint time and frequency spreading. The high spectral efficiency in spectrum reuse is achieved by exploiting both the temporal and spectral characteristics of the multi-path fading channels suitable for high data rate applications. OFDM-CDMA systems employ the OFDM technique to resolve the frequency selectivity in multi path fading channels and have good spectral properties.


In accordance with media dependency theory, the greater people's dependence on the media, the more important its role in their social lives. The research sample included 65 Iranian university students, with in-depth interviews used to collect data. The results demonstrated that students spent excessive time on online social networks, especially at the time of social and political events. Students perceived that these networks had both advantages and disadvantages. They argued that their belief systems were changing and that they faced new experiences. Moreover, a discrepancy was identified between Iranian users and users in other parts of the world in terms of their preferred social network and its function: Telegram was the most popular social network and none of the participants mentioned the educational function of these sites.


During the worldwide health emergency situation caused by the rapid expansion of COVID-19, some strategies have been implemented seeking to reduce the spread of the virus to more lethal levels, including quarantine, isolation, distancing. social and confinement; Different strategies that have as a meeting point the restriction of human movements. So, we have that human behavior is an important variable to understand this phenomenon comprehensively. The main objective is to reflect on the contributions of positive psychology to mental health in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic in the framework of health promotion and prevention of symptoms of discomfort, behavior and psychosocial risk factors. For this, a conceptual description of positive psychology is made, it is related how the general population is living this process from the scientific evidence. By way of closing, general contributions for mental health guidance are generated with these lines described, it should be considered as brushstrokes to action in promotion, prevention, counseling and therapy but not as a drawer intervention manual.


ABSTRACT:James Joyce's Dubliners has generally been read as a critique of the paralysis of those living in Dublin. Using the lens of the Irish grammatical tense of the habitual present, however, this essay suggests that Joyce intentionally uses English grammatical modalities to approximate the Irish construct in order to imply the temporary nature of that paralysis: given enough time, most of the characters will find their way out of their particular paralysis, even if only to land in a different kind of paralysis.


Ilabulo is a traditional food of Gorontalo Province usually based on chicken or meat these raw materials can be replaced by catfish (Pangasius sp.) fortified by seaweed K.alvarezii and bone of catfish. The research objectived is to analyze the physical (texture) and characteristic chemical (amino acids, moisture content, ash content, protein, fat, crude fiber, carbohydrates). The steps being taken is the preparation of catfish, formulation and physic chemical analysis. Physical analysis using texture analyzer TA-XT2i. Chemical analysis using AOAC (2005) and HPLC. Data results of chemical analysis using Analysis of Variance. The results showed that the physical texture of ilabulo catfish fortification with seaweed K.alvarezii and bone catfish is average 2149.3/gf and without fortification is an average of 1927 / gf. While chemical characteristic which are 56.46% moisture, ash content 11.54%, 7.78% protein, 8.91% fat, 0.61% crude fiber, carbohydrates 22.07% and calcium 0.315%. The amino acid levels is 6.04% w/w.


Star formation is believed to occur in interstellar clouds consisting of both gas and grains. Under the gravitational influence of such a cloud the constituent dust grains sediment toward the centre, and both calculations and implications of this sedimentation have been published by many authors (McCrea and Williams 1965; Horedt 1973, 1976; Prentice 1976; Krautschneider 1977; Flannery and Krook 1978; and others). Two main results from these calculations warrant our attention. Firstly, the timescale for appreciable sedimentation Ts ≃ 107 -108 years, which is consistent with age estimates of many clouds (Harrison 1978, Blitz and Shu 1980). Secondly, the sedimentation proceeds more rapidly for larger grains. This leads to an increase of mean grain size toward the centre of the cloud.


With the development of market-economy and the reformation of higher education, students face many problems about thoughts, and the great changes are happening in the idea of life and the idea of value. So it is very necessary to strengthen the education of thought and politics. This paper analyses the effect of libraries in the education of thought and politics, and puts forward some measures.


The Assessment of inpatient service quality was important to improve the patient satisfaction. Based on BOR during 2010-2013 in Mina Pavilion Siti Khodijah Hospital Sepanjang declined from 58,4% to 35,5%. This study aimed to analyze the service quality according to the dimensions of Dabholkar concept. This study was a analitic study with cross sectional approach. The subject of this research were 57 inpatient in Mina Pavilion Siti Khodijah Hospital
Sepanjang. Sampling was selected by sistematic random sampling. The variables of this research were quality of physical, reliability, personal interaction, problem
solving and policy aspect. Study result by using 2x2 matrix position showed that the variables in Quadrant I (high assessment and low satisfaction) was the arrangement of interior tidiness. In Quadrant II (high assessment and high satisfaction) were the cleanliness, lighting, presence, ability to motivate physicians, physician empathy,
empathy of nurses, doctors and nurses courtesy , and responsiveness doctor. And in Quadrant IV (low assessmentand and low satisfaction) were the coolness space,
precision doctor visit, the nurse's ability to develop confidence recovered (motivate), the ability of physicians to treat patients, the ability of nurses to handle
the patients, responsiveness of nurses and visiting hours schedule. The conclusion that strategic issue of service quality were the coolness space, precision doctor visit, the nurse's ability to develop confidence recovered
(motivate), the ability of physicians to treat patients, the ability of nurses to handle the patients, responsiveness of nurses, visiting hours schedule and arrangement of interior tidiness. As input, the hospital should tidy up the room, increasing the number of fans, improving communication between physicians and nurses about
an hour doctor visit, held training service excellence, increase visiting hours policy.


This paper deals with the existence of customary courts in Aceh in the national judicial system. From formal-juridical perspective, the existence of customary courts is not clearly stated; however, the practices of community have indicated that most of civil disputes and criminal offenses were resolved by the customary courts in Aceh. The question relates to such issues as administration of  Aceh  customary courts, duties of functionaries in this customary courts, and its existence within the national judicial system. This paper shows that, although the local government of Aceh does not legally include customary court as one of the state official justices, this kind of court has been sociologically recognized in resolving disputes that occur in the society. Furthermore, the local government of Aceh has codified it in the form of qānūn (legal code).


1 of the most salient features of the International Conference of Population is the enormous interest it generated throughout the world. Most countries formed national consultive committees entrusted with coordinating and preparing their activities for the conference. More than 60% of the heads of delegations occupied ministerial posts in their countries indicating the high political and administrative level of the participants. The Conference was a world assembly that ratified the fundamental principle for the understanding and solution of population problems. Delegates came to Mexico with receptive attitudes and a willingness to recognize the coexistence of different population realities each which will need a specific policy. The Recommendations for the Further Implementation of the World Population Plan of Action reflects an integrated concept embracing various national attitudes and interests. The Conference also offered an opportunity for sovereign nations to exchange their experiences with population activities. The convergence of the political views of the President of Mexico and those of the Community of Nations meeting at the International Conference on Population was expressed in 2 main points: 1) the centerpeice of population policies is man and 2) that man through community organizations must actively participate in the formulation and implementation of population policies.


The present invention Cu doped Type-II core-shell structure of the white light quantum dot material and a preparation method belongs to the technical field of semiconductor nano-materials prepared. A quantum dot structure core is Cu-doped CdS quantum dots, on the basis of the core coated ZnSe quantum wall structure to form a core-shell type II, and then coated with a wide band gap ZnS passivation layer, the final quantum dots Cu: CdS / ZnSe / ZnS structure. Quantum dot material of the invention has a continuous broad spectrum white light having a large Stokes shift, since the absorption is small, has a high fluorescence quantum efficiency and high color rendering index, light color uniform spatial distribution, by adjusting the kernel size of CdS, ZnSe and the Cu thickness of the outer wall may be adjusted doping concentrations and different chromaticity coordinates of the color temperature, the quantum dot material prepared according to the present invention over a temperature range of matt color distortion phenomenon, while blue light after excitation by a long , quantum dots still has good light stability.


In this paper we bring to light the "transcultural processes" and "the impacts of colonial thinking" as contained in The British Library manuscripts Add. 25,323 and 25,324. The manuscripts deal with Jebero, an indigenous language of North-Peru, as it was spoken in the 18th century. (The language, also known as Shiwilu, is still spoken by some elderly people in the district of Jeberos, but Pilar Valenzuela, Chapman University, California, USA, is supporting a project of revitalisation of the language.) The author of the manuscripts is presumably Samuel Fritz, a Jesuit missionary. The transcultural processes, noticeable in the codices mentioned above, include the transmission of the cultural background of the author in the domain of religion and education, as well as the transmission of the culture of the Jebero people. In the instances demonstrating transcultural processes and colonial thinking, we also pay some attention to Samuel Fritz' description of Jebero, since little is known of this language.


The aims of this work was to study the use of mud in the Tambukansky lake in the complex rehabilitation of elite athletes.
Materials and methods. The study involved 30 elite athletes (rugby, judo, boxing, athle-tics). For the rehabilitation of the musculoskeletal apparatus of the lower extremities of elite athletes during the intensive physical exertion, a mud applicator Tambukansky, was used. During the procedure, the athletes lay on the couch in a relaxed state for 15 minutes. At the course of the procedure, the procedures were performed daily, in total 7 procedures. To substantiate the effectiveness of mud application, methods were used: electroneuromyography (ENMG) and testing of the dynamometric characteristics of the musculoskeletal system in the robotic complex CON-TREX.
The results of the research show that after 1 session of Tambukan mud applications, elite athletes had a tendency to improve ENMG indices during stimulation at the «tarsus» point. There was a tendency to increase the amplitude of the Mresponse. The area of the M-response on the left leg increased significantly (p<0.05). With stimulation at the «caput fibulae» point, the motor speed on both legs significantly increased (p<0.05). With stimulation at the point "fossa popliteav", the amplitude and area of the M-response on the left leg and the speed of motor conduction on the right leg increased significantly (p <0.05).
The study of the effect of the application of the course of procedures showed significant improvements in the parameters of the M-response at all points of stimulation. At the point of stimulation "tarsus" the parameters of terminal and residual latency improved, the duration of the M-response. At the point of stimulation, the "caput fibulae" improved the indicator of terminal latency. At the point of stimulation, the popliteal fossa improved the parameters of terminal latency and duration.
Comparison of the performance of the muscles surrounding the right knee joint in highly qualified female athletes before and after applying the course of 7 sessions of Tambukan mud revealed a significant decrease in the fatigue factor of flexor and extensor muscles.


To the Editor:— The editorial emphasis ( JAMA 190 :1065 [Dec 21] 1964) given to the paper by Mammen, H.W. "The Need for Employee Health Services in Hospitals" ( Arch Environ Health 9 :750 [Dec] 1964) is a timely one. His experience in occupational health and industrial hygiene gives Mammen a splendid foundation for an impressive survey of the working environment in an unnamed (understandably!) hospital of 647 beds plus 59 bassinets. The number of employees for the biennial period of the survey averaged 1,740; excluding residents, interns, and student nurses. There were nine identifiable hazards to health, six obvious accident risks, and a variety of sanitation laxities. During the biennium there were 665 injuries; 71 were lost-time accidents (threefold the ratio in industry as a whole). The lack of adequate occupational health services for hospital employees is one which should be a source of embarrassment to hospital management and professional staff


This tutorial will introduce several RNA Visualization and computational approaches that allow the prediction of RNA structure from sequence. We will briefly overview the main sources of RNA data, and introduce the main data formats used to encode structural information. Tutees will have the opportunity to gain practical experience in using RNA structure prediction software and visually evaluate their output against known RNA 3D structure . Tools that will be covered: ● Structure prediction: RNAFold, RNAalifold, LocARNA. ● Visualization and assessment: VARNA, Pseudoviewer, VIENNA web server, Jalview ● 3D Structure annotation: RNAView, Jmol ● Required software: Java + any Web browser


Objective
To explore the changes in the endogenous sulfur dioxide (SO2) pathway in the myocardial hypertrophy induced by the angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ) in mice.

Methods
Fourteen healthy C57BL mice, 9 weeks old, were randomly divided into control group(n=7) and Ang Ⅱ group(n=7), and capsule osmotic pump with pre-loaded 9 g/L saline and Ang Ⅱ was implanted into the back of each mouse subcutaneously.After 2 weeks, the mice were executed.The heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) and the left heart weight/full heart weight (LVW/HW) of the mice were measured.The microstructure of the cardiac myocyte was observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining under the microscope.The expression of myocardial alpha myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot methods.SO2 enzymes aspartate aminotransferase 1 (AAT1) and AAT2 protein expression were detected by Western blot method.Myocardial SO2 content and AAT activity were measured by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection and colometric method.

Results
Compared with control group, the HW/BW and LVW/HW in mice of Ang Ⅱ group were significantly increased(all P<0.01), the cardiac myocytes were hypertrophy, and α-MHC positive staining in the cytoplasm of myocardium was weakened.Moreover, Western blot data showed that α-MHC protein expression in heart tissue of Ang Ⅱ-treated mice was decreased significantly (all P<0.05). Simultaneously, the data showed that AAT2 protein expression, SO2 content and AAT activity in heart tissue of Ang Ⅱ-treated mice were also decreased markedly[(1.093±0.131) μmol/g protein vs.(0.737±0.233) μmol/g protein, P<0.05; (7.979±1.317) U/mg protein vs.(6.470±0.516) U/mg protein, P<0.01]. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between LVW/HW and cardiac SO2 content in heart tissue (r=-0.56, P<0.05).

Conclusions
Myocardial endogenous SO2/AAT2 pathway is down-regulated in the development of myocardial hypertrophy induced by Ang Ⅱ in mice.

Key words:
Myocardial hypertrophy; Sulfur dioxide; Angiotensin Ⅱ


It will not surprise many readers that engineering the sound quality inside a car gets harder as the overall sound levels decrease. Although the engine noise is quieter, annoying sounds, such as a turbo whine, become more apparent setting new levels of challenge for the development team. Given the commercial pressures to reduce development times, increase product quality and minimize costs, a radical rethinking of the traditional test-analyze-fix approaches to sound quality engineering is not only required. It is essential.


Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows:
Nematodes of greatest economic importance are the several species of root-knot nematodes–Meloidogyne spp.–but pests such as the sugar-beet nematode– Heterodera schachtii–and the stem and bulb nematode–Ditylenchus dipsaci– are of major concern on specific crops.


This article on the example of specific language material analyzes the difficulties causes by the need to translate the text as a semantic whole, as well as outline the methods to avoid them. The texts is viewed from two perspectives – as a coherent fragment of speech, and as a speech of particular style. The author carries out comparative analysis of the forms of expression inherent to the texts of scientific and formal business styles in the Russian and English languages; highlights the elements relevant for translation; and classifies them based on nature of their correlation. The article also considers the problems of achieving coherence in translation of the text. The conclusion is made on the need for additional translation transformations substantiated not so much by discrepancies in the structure of two languages, but as by belonging of the original text to a particular speech style. The author lays emphasis on coherence and stylistic uniqueness as the elements relevant for translation of the text as a semantic whole. Such transformations as translation conversion, inter-level transformations, and omission are proposed for translating deverbal nouns in scientific and formal business texts. In the aspect of achieving coherence in translation, the author determines such problems as sentence-level topic model and preservation of co-reference. The article can be valuable for translators and in teaching translation techniques.


Diode-pumped solid-state lasers are high efficiency, long lifetime, compact and reliable, so they have been covering a wide range of applications. Thermal effect is a major limiting factor in scaling the average power of high-power solid-state lasers, so it is a critical issue in designing diode-pumped solid-state lasers. The uniform pump intensity distribution in laser rod can weaken the influence of thermal effects in laser, and the research of improving the pump distribution uniformity has attracted a great deal of attention. People usually establish a model of single diode-bar pumped laser rod to calculate the distribution. However, for diode-array pumped high-power lasers, the model is limited and has deviation with the actual pump distribution, which cannot reflect the real working conditions in the laser. In this paper, the theoretical model of diode-array pumped laser rod is built. Based on the actual working environment of diode-array side-pumped Tm:YAG laser rod, the expression of pump intensity distribution in the laser medium is deduced. Additionally, the influence of total pump power, pump structure, Tm:YAG rod characteristic parameters and pump beam radius on pump intensity distribution are simulated and analyzed. Moreover, the parameters are optimized in order to obtain the optimistic results which are efficient to improve the uniformity of pump distribution. The results show that when the pumping distance from diode-array to the rod's surface is 3mm, the distance between two rows of diode-bars is 1mm, the absorption coefficient is 330m-1,the pump beam width is 2.5mm,the pump intensity distribution of five-way pumped laser rod is improved, and then the thermal effects could be weakened. The presented results can provide theoretical guidance to design and optimization of high-power lasers.


The 'rain use efficiency' (RUE) may be defined as the ratio of above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) to annual precipitation, and it is claimed to be a conservative property of the vegetation cover in drylands, if the vegetation cover is not subject to non-precipitation related land degradation. Consequently, RUE may be regarded as means of normalizing ANPP for the impact of annual precipitation, and as an indicator of non-precipitation related land degradation. Large scale and long term identification and monitoring of land degradation in drylands, such as the Sahel, can only be achieved by use of Earth Observation (EO) data. This paper demonstrates that the use of the standard EO-based proxy for ANPP, summed normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies 3rd generation (GIMMS3g)) over the year (ΣNDVI), and the blended EO/rain gauge based data-set for annual precipitation (Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of


The functioning of the international monetary system as institutionalised under the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund after World War II began to deteriorate after 1957. By that date many European countries had sufficiently recovered or improved their competitive positions in world markets to enable them to replenish their external reserves and make their currencies convertible. Up to that point their acquisitions of gold and US dollars must be viewed as a healthy redistribution of international reserves, But thereafter dollar surpluses replaced the alleged dollar shortages of earlier years on international markets. Recurring runs on the dollar appeared, vying with the periodic runs on sterling as threats to the stability of the system.


BACKGROUND
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and vessel dilator eliminate 80% and 33% of human pancreatic adenocarcinomas growing in athymic mice when given subcutaneously for 28 days via osmotic pumps.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
To determine if similar beneficial effects can be obtained by ANP and vessel dilator on a bi-weekly basis, bolus infusion via vascular ports bi-weekly for 4 weeks was given to athymic mice bearing human pancreatic adenocarcinomas.

RESULTS
Vessel dilator and ANP (each at 100 microM) (n=6 for each) resulted in a 33% (p<0.01) and 17% (p<0.05) elimination of human pancreatic adenocarcinomas, respectively, while the tumor volume increased 64-fold (p<0.001) in the placebo-treated mice (n=12). During the 4 weeks of treatment, the growth velocity decreased 92% and 68% with vessel dilator and ANP, respectively, compared to untreated mice.

CONCLUSION
Biweekly vessel dilator and ANP both eliminate some human pancreatic adenocarcinomas in athymic mice.


Social Security Labour ( Jamsostek) represent public program which give protection to labour to overcome social risk of certain economics which its [his/its] use social insurance mechanism. As public program, Jamsostek give rights and encumber obligation surely ( compulsory) to labour and entrepreneur pursuant to of No. 3 year 1992, in the form of is decent medical service and cash, its obligation to pay fee. Research in PT. Star of Azzahra Bengkulu found [by] some permasalhan causing the existence of well-balanced ketidak [among/between] rights and obligations participant of Jamsostek. This Matter happened because some factor,] among others caused by its minim of socialization about Jamsostek, causing the lack of also the understanding of participant. Besides education storey;level also can influence storey;level of understanding of participant, even policy and existence of negligence of company can become resistor of Execution of Jamsostek. Pursuant to matter , research this is addressed to see how Execution Of Program Service Of Social Security Labour ( Jamsostek) in PT. Bintang Azzahra Bengkulu.Teknik process intake of data which [is] used in this research that is bibliography study, field study, what consist of observation and interview. Sampling technique and set of study of taitu use Purposive Sampling ( sampel aim to). In this research of researcher use technique analyse data qualitative by using descriptive method that is method to obtain;get picture in fact about applying of Social Security Labour atyran this company. In section 6 article 1 Invite - invitor of No. 3 Year 1992 about labour social security, please explain that labour social security program scope cover Guarantee Accident Of Job, Guarantee Death, Old Guarantee Day, and Guarantee Conservancy of Health, Later;Then pursuant to Decree Of The Minister Of Manpower that is KEP-150/MEN/1999 each;every company employing worker less than 3 months hence company [is] obliged to involve into social security program accident of death social security and activity. In PT. Bintang Azzahra from result of research, in the reality Execution of Program of Jamsostek not yet fully walked is effective. Seen from existence of claim case entangling four program of Jamsostek, but not yet earned to be used properly and not yet in line with target of the existence of this program .


This paper studied the emulsifying stabilization effectiveness of emulsifiers on the basis of HLB method andoptimized the suitable HLB. The optimum ratios for the stabilizers was chosen. Response surface experiments designed by Box-Behenken were conducted. The optimum combination of stabilization and emulsifiers was chosen by RSM. The optimum ratiosfor sunflower kernel beverage were 0.125% emulsifiers, 0.075% sodium alginate and 0.043% sodium caseinate.


Rok Primozic Describing how a successful university from the student's perspective Looks Like is not an easy job. There is not a common agreement among students on what a university shouLd Look Like and what it shouLd offer. Even the idea of a university is diverse whiLe you couLd da im that we have something that we couLd caLLthe European idea of a university that has spread around the worLd, the discussion about the roLe of universities in society are stiLL on-going. From the very beginning of the idea of universities, there were different ideas about what forms a university and what are the main groups within. In the earLy beginning, in the 11 t hcentury, we had the University of BoLogna, which was an association of students, who even had the power to hire and fire their professors. On the other hand, the case in Paris was that the university was seen as the association of teachers and students. You can imagine that the students wouLd not mind to keeping the oLd BoLogna university idea, but the Paris was the one that prevaiLed. For a Long time a university was a pLace where the professors and academic staff were the decision-makers. From 1999 on, we have the BoLogna process, which has highlighted the idea of the multiple stakeholders having a common interest for higher education and where student participation was emphasised. Higher education landscape was changing through history, and the idea of a university had been changing as well. However, I would dare to claim that the changes were much faster in the last 30-50 years. The massification of higher education has lead to an expansion of universities and a big rise in the number of students, as wel l as to increased diversity of universities, which is sti l l continuing. The Humboldtian idea of a research university seems to be changing as well, as the Learning and teaching aspects are being more emphasised and the question of course is what the university of the future w i l l Look like. With more students, and with more diverse students, coming from different backgrounds, part-time students, mature students etc., the expectations of what a university should be have also changed. WhiLe access to higher education is sti l l an issue in most countries around the world, the notion that higher education and universities are only reserved for the elites is changing. Beside the changes in higher education, the technological development in the Last 20 years was very fast. The Internet revolution, together with new communication tools and social media, as wel l as MOOCs, blended-learning etc. has already had big effects on universities, and it is only starting. So putting a l l these things together and trying to assess what students want and what they perceive a successful university is can be a very diff icult question. But nevertheless, I think I have managed to identify four points that could be the most important, while st i l l taking into account they are not the only pre-requisites for a successful university. These are the four points: • a successful university fulfils f u l l range of purposes; • a successful university offers quality education; • a successful university puts students in the centre of the system and embraces student-centred learning; • a successful university engages students and includes them in the university governance and decision-making processes.


The effect of a nm-thick interlayer of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) or perylene dye (MePTCDI) on currentvoltage characteristics of planar organic systems is discussed in this work. The MePTCDI layer in the ITO/MePTCDI/CuPc/Au system strongly reduces reverse dark current by blocking injection of holes from ITOinto CuPc leading to high values of rectification ratio. The CuPc interlayer in the ITO/CuPc/MePTCDI/Ag system causes a strong reduction in electron injection from ITOand reverses a forward polarity. Modification of current-voltage characteristics of illuminated systems with an interlayer of MePTCDI or CuPc is associated with a strong photovoltaic effect. This results from efficient excition dissociation at the CuPc/MePTCDI interface. Saturation current, determined by this process of charge carrier photogeneration, can be observed at particular voltage polarity.


Book Reviews Soviet Foreign Policy After Stalin, by David J. Dallin _ John C. Campbell To Moscow—And Beyond, by Harrison Salisbury William H. Chamberlin Marxism: An Historical and Critical Study, by George Lichtheim Robert V. Daniels The Third Section: Police and Society in Russia Under Nicholas I, by Sidney Monas C. B. O'Brien Dancing in Petersburg, by Princess M. F. Romanovsky-Krassinsky George Adamovitch Turgenev's Letters, Ed. and trans., by Edgar H. Lehrman Jack A. Posin Turgenev: The Novelist's Novelist, by Richard Freeborn Helen Muchnic Izbrannoe, by Mikhail Zoshchenko Vera R. von Wiren


In this study three broiler chick bioassays and AME and TME values of five Iranian barley cultivars were evaluated. In experiment 1, ME values were measured by both total collection and using marker in excreta. In experiment 2, AME and AMEn values of the barley cultivars were determined by ileal digesta procedure. In experiment 3, TME of the barley cultivars was determined by male broilers. Highly significant differences (P<0.001) between bioassay methods were observed on average barley ME values. The average barley AMEn value measured by ileal digesta was significantly (P<0.05) higher than excreta. Barley ME values were influenced by cultivar (P<0.01). Cultivar had no significant effect on barley TME. It was concluded that 1) there are a high variation between energy contents of the studied cultivars 2) ileal digesta is not an accurate bioassay for determination of barley AME value in broiler chicks.


The development of a cryogenically cooled filter radiometer for use with high altitude balloons is discussed. The radiometer has features which include the options for remote operation of two filter wheels each containing six filters at helium temperature and a cryogenic rotary chopper which may be run at 200 cycles per second or positioned open or closed, and a remotely operable chopped blackbody calibration source. The radiometer contains a ten inch diameter liquid nitrogen cooled Cassegrain telescope with nine individually filtered field stops in the focal plane. The telescope is mounted on a two-axis servo operated gimbal which is used to make sky scans under the control of an onboard programmer.


sive encephalitis caused by a Lyssavirus. Although the United States has been declared free of canine rabies virus variant transmission, multiple viral variants are maintained in wild mammal populations, and there is always a risk of reintroduction of canine rabies. 2 All mammals are believed to be susceptible to the disease, and for purposes of this document, use of the term animal refers to mammals. The recommendations in this compendium serve as a basis for animal rabies-prevention and -control programs throughout the United States and facilitate standardization of procedures among jurisdictions, thereby contributing to an effective national rabies-control program. This document is reviewed annually and revised as necessary, and the most current version replaces all previous versions. These recommendations do not supersede state and local laws or requirements. Principles of rabies prevention and control are detailed in Part I; Part II contains recommendations for parenteral vaccination procedures; all animal rabies vaccines licensed by the USDA and marketed in the United States are listed in Part III.


Theory Z is noticed greatly by scholars in management field in various countries and produces far-reaching impact because of its avant-garde management Philosophy.We can say,theory Z points the direction of college library management.Tish paper elaborates the meaning and content of theory Z,analyzes some practical significance of using theory Z in the management of modern college library and indicates some principles to be followed in the management of modern college library.


Mg-based hydrogen storage electrode alloy was prepared by hydriding combustion synthesis(HCS) method combined with mechanical ball-milling(MM) method.The effects of MM added with Ni powders to the alloys were investigated.The XRD results showed that the structure of the alloys changed from crystallite to an amorphous-like state after MM added with Ni powders.Electrochemical test results showed that the electrochemical performance of the HCS+MM(Ni) products was improved.A specific discharge capacity of 580.06 mAh/g for HCS+MM(Ni) alloy electrode was obtained.It was decreased to 346.24 mAh/g after 20 cycles and its capacity retation was about 60%.


Objective To study the relationship between Motor Nerve Conduction Velocity (MNCV) and the change of limb muscle power (MP) due to median nerve injury; to assess the forensic medical value of MNCV tests for detecting median nerve injury. Methods 22 patients with median nerve injury are compared with 22 healthy controls in terms of distant and near latency, distant and near wave amplitude and MNCV. MP of patients including abductor pollicis brevis, flexor hallucis brevis and opponens pollicis are examined before MNCV tests. Results MP is related with MNCV and wave amplitude in the patient group, while no relationship is found in the controls. All the selected measurements show significantly difference between the two groups. Conclusion Loss of MP is related with the change of MNCV due to median nerve injury, all the selected measurements become significantly abnormal after median nerve injury. MNCV tests can provide reliable objective evidence for medicolegal examination and assessment for loss of MP.


The 33rd rule in the Regulations for Medical Institutions,the system "signing before operation",has become a focus by the public and professionals in the law circle,since the death of a pregnant woman Li Liyun,who died because her husband refused to sign the Consent Form requested by the hospital before operation.Starting from the legal presumption of the "signing before operation" system,it will have practical talk on six legal issues of the system,including the legitimate foundation of the "signing before operation" system,the presumption of the patient's will on survival under special conditions.Hopefully,it will be of a little help to the improvement of our country's acts on the regulations for medical institutions.


The present text focuses on English borrowings in the Russian language that are used to coin the names of Russian watches. The problem is scrutinized in the context of the Americanization of culture in post-Soviet Russia. It has been shown that the borrowings most frequently used by the Russian watchmakers are well-established in Russian as they have been functioning in the language at least since the first half of the 20th century. The analysis of nominations employing English borrowings indicates that tendencies in the naming practices in the Russian watchmaking industry seem to be substantially conservative.