[Objective]To assess the relationship between the occupational stress and work ability of mental workers with different characteristics.[Methods]By using the Job Stress Survey( JSS) and the Work Ability Index( WAI),the occupational stress level and work ability of 1 363 mental workers were tested,and the relationship between the occupational stress and work ability was investigated.[Results]①The occupational stress level in males was higher than in that in female( P 0.01),and that in workers with length of service 10 years was higher than in that in workers with length of service 10 years( P 0.01).②The work ability in workers with length of service 10 years was better than that in workers with length of service 10 years( P 0.01),and that in workers with the bachelor degree or above was better than that in workers without a bachelor degree( P 0.05).③There were no significant differences in occupational stress level and work ability between Han nationality and minority nationality workers( P 0.05).④There was significant difference in scores of work ability among groups of different occupational stress level( P 0.01).The work stress index,work pressure index,and lack of organizational support index were negatively correlated with work ability( r =-0.14,r =-0.11,r =-0.12),which the work ability decreased with the increasing of these indexes.[Conclusion]The influencing factors of occupational stress in mental workers are sex and length of service.The length of service,education level and occupational stress level are the influencing factors of work ability among mental workers.The work ability decreases with the increasing of occupational stress level.


Carbon nanotube (CNT) bundles are extremely interesting for engineering applications because of their density, elastic modulus, and mechanical strength. In particular, ambitious structures such as space elevators or superbridges (i.e., kilometer-long suspended bridges) could be conceived by exploiting the unique properties provided by CNT technology.Many experimental studies exist for the evaluation of the mechanical characteristics of CNTs or CNT yarns; however, numerical studies clearly become indispensable when predictions are to be made for full-scale structures.To address these issues, we describe a numerical procedure based on a hierarchical fiber-bundle model (HFBM) approach specifically developed to carry out multiscale simulations for CNT-based cables and estimate relevant mechanical characteristics such as Young's modulus, strength or released energy during damage progression, and evaluate the scaling of these properties with cable size.


The history and current status of honors programs at Ai.;: University of Maryland, College Park, are discussed, with some reference to special recent programming for gifted students. The following historical developments are covered: honors programs at Columbia College in the early 1900s, the idea of honors as a separate upper division program at Swarthmore College; and St. John's College's Great Books curriculum, which has similarities with honors programs. Honors programs were established at the University of Maryland during the 1950s and 1960s, and the earliest programs were conducted by departments. The environment during President Elkins' administration was av, impetus for the honors program. The current impact of the University of Maryland's honors-programs on the university and the general population was evaluated, based on a survey of public and private high school counselors, honors program faculty, students in departmental honors and, general honors programs, and students not in an honors program. Survey results ,for each of these groups are presented in detail, and an ethnographic analysis of the general honors program is presented. In addition to examining characteristics of the general honors program and students enrolled' in the program, admissions data for academically talented students are considered. (SW) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document., a. ......... 18.104.22.168.188.8.131.52.4.***********************************************


The siphonostomatous family Stellicomitidae of Humes and Cressey, 1958, includes
three genera, namely, SteUicomes Humes and Cressey, Onycopygus H. & C, and
Asterocomes Padmanabharao, 1962. Under the genus SteUicomes two species, S.
tumidulus and 5. guineensis are so far known.
All stellicomitids are parasitic on asteroids and are characterised by the presence
of a highly reduced siphon. Besides it is interesting to note that there is a tendency
in most of them to show reduction or absence of endopodites of the natatory legs.
The form described below agrees with SteUicomes in most of its generic characters
and at the same time differs from the species described earlier in the presence of the
second leg with highly reduced one-jointed endopodite, third and fourth le^ without
endopodites and the sixth leg as a single seta in male. These characters being of
significant taxonomic value, the present form is treated as a new species under the
genus SteUicome


Abstract Nursing care development as integral of healthcare system made an improvement for nurse's performance especially in intensive care unit. This research focused on nurse's performance level based on their characteristics those are gender, age, length of work, training experiences, and educational background. Samples were nurses who work at class A and B hospital in Indonesia (722 respondents). This research utilized F-test and simple regression analysis. Findings revealed that characterictis influenced nurse'sperformance in intensive care unit (p-value= 0,045and determinant coefficient =1,8%). The implication of this research gave impact in hospital regulation towards nurses' performace measurement in intensive care unit. Keywords : Nurse's characteristics, performance, intensive care


The article deals with the problem of assessing
the primary data load on the IOT, generated by the year.
GDP in the money presentation has been used to estimate
the amount of information that enters the network directly
from things. Having advanced the postulate that the
amount of data emanating from a thing is proportional to
the product of its mass (thing) by its specific orderliness, it
is concluded that it is possible to use a volume of the
generated order principle. Dual model allowing to estimate
objective thing's prices, has been proposed.


In the spread of pre-emergent herbicides on straw, the type and quantity of this material and the physical-chemical characteristics of the herbicides, are decisive in the effectiveness of weed control. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of the flumioxazin herbicide in the pre-emergence control of the weed Euphorbia heterophylla L., when applied over different straw management and rain simulations. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications, organized in a 7x3 factorial scheme, with seven straw managements (without straw; B. ruziziensis with 3t ha-1 and 5t ha-1; B. ruziziensis+Z. mays with 3t ha-1 and 5t ha-1; Z. mays with 3t ha-1 and 5t ha-1) and three amounts of rain (10, 25 and 40mm) and the herbicide flumioxazim(120g ai ha-1). The control evaluation was carried out at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 45 days after emergence(DAE) and at 45 DAE the dry mass of the aerial part. The highest percentages of control occurred in the application of flumioxazin on Brachiaria ruziziensis 3t ha-1 and 5t ha-1 and Zea mays 3t ha-1, with 86.25, 82.08 and 80.41% respectively. The 10 mm rain resulted in the lowest percentage of control of Euphorbia heterophylla. Thus, the type of straw and its quantity interfere in the control effectiveness.


PurposeAutomotive industry is one of the most important industries in the economy of countries due to its extensive relationship with other industries; high production and employment rate play a significant role in the sustainable development of countries. Therefore, the improvement of value creation integration strategies in this industry is very important because it is related to the level of economic sustainability of countries. The purpose of this study is to analyze the integration matrix of the creating sustainable value process in the automotive industry.Design/methodology/approachThis research is a development/mixed methodology that aims to symmetrically combine the relationship between the components of sustainable value creation integration through Mick Mac matrix analysis to identify the most effective drivers of the research subject in the Iranian automotive industry. Therefore, in this study, first, in the qualitative part, meta-synthesis analysis and Delphi analysis were used to identify the thematic components of the integration of the process of creating sustainable value and to determine the theoretical adequacy of the components. Then, in a small part, an attempt was made to explain the approved components, based on the symmetric matrix analysis in the Mic Mac diagram, in the automotive industry to determine a more stimulus for integrating the sustainable value creation process, with the participation of 16 automotive executives.FindingsBased on the results in the qualitative section, 8 thematic components were identified to evaluate the integration of the sustainable value creation process, and after Delphi approval, these components were approved in terms of theoretical adequacy. The results in the quantitative part based on matrix analysis showed that the most motivating component in integrating the process of creating sustainable value in the automotive industry is the development of innovative ideas. To create integration in creating sustainable value, it is necessary to create a positive impact of creative ideas in the three components of balancing performance with the changing needs of K3 customers, the dynamics of communication with K8 suppliers, reducing the diversity of materials used in K5 production.Originality/valueThis paper is considered as a research that contributes to the broader research area of the automotive industry by unpacking the concept of value creation from a sustainability perspective. This is the first study to review extensively of integrating sustainable value creation process into the automotive industry. Although an area of research importance in terms of developing theoretical literature and applied basis in increasing the effectiveness of competitive strategies. But less research has examined this issue, and conducting this research and expanding it to the level of sustainability value literature can enhance its institutional and research capacities at the international level and contribute to the coordination of the development of theoretical.


Salmonella enterica serovars are associated with diarrhea and gastroenteritis and are a helpful model for understanding host-pathogen mechanisms. Salmonella Typhimurium regulates the distribution of O-antigen (OAg) and presents a trimodal distribution based on Wzy polymerase, WzzST (long chain length OAg, L-OAg) and WzzfepE (very long chain length OAg, VL-OAg) co-polymerases; however, several mechanisms regulating this process remain unclear. Here, we report that LPS modifications modulate the infectious process and that OAg chain length determination plays an essential role during infection. An increase in VL-OAg is dependent on Wzy polymerase, which is promoted by a growth condition resembling the environment of Salmonella-containing vacuoles (SCVs). The virulence and stress-related periplasmic protein (VisP) participates in OAg synthesis, as ΔvisP presents a semirough OAg phenotype. The ΔvisP mutant has greatly decreased motility and J774 macrophage survival in a colitis model of infection. Interestingly, the phenotype is restored after mutation of the wzzST or wzzfepE gene in a ΔvisP background. Loss of both the visP and wzzST genes promotes an imbalance in flagellin secretion. L-OAg may function as a shield against host immune systems in the beginning of an infectious process, and VL-OAg protects bacteria during SCV maturation and facilitates intramacrophage replication. Taken together, these data highlight the roles of OAg length in generating phenotypes during S. Typhimurium pathogenesis and show the periplasmic protein VisP as a novel protein in the OAg biosynthesis pathway. Author summary Salmonella modifies its LPS, specifically the O-antigen length, to adapt itself to distinct intestinal environments. These LPS modifications may provide a way for this bacterium to avoid complement activation in the intestinal lumen, improving Salmonella pathogenesis. This process is essential for a successful infection, and our investigation into these specific details regarding LPS in this foodborne pathogen will elucidate different aspects of the host-pathogen association.


The study of the seismic behavior of container cranes is critical since recent natural hazard events have highlighted their vulnerability. This paper provides details about experiments being conducted on the six degree-of-freedom shake tables at the Structural Engineering Earthquake Simulator Laboratory at the University at Buffalo. The specimen is a 1:20 scale model constructed from steel (the prototype material). The model is designed such that the members would remain elastic during design earthquakes. The movements of the legs are tracked and strains in the portions of the crane that were determined to be vulnerable by the analyses are measured. Details of the experimental set up are presented in this paper.


Nine novel esters containing 2,4-imidazolinedione (hydantoin) were synthesized using serine as the starting material based on the research of AdSS inhibitors carried out in the laboratory.Their structures were confirmed by IR,1H NMR spectral data and elemental analysis.The preliminary bioassay results showed that compound 3g had 70% germination inhibitory rate against Arabidopsis thaliana at the concentration of 200 μg/mL,which indicated that this compound has herbicidal activity.


A pulsed fiber laser Q-switched by graphene laying on silicon waveguide is firstly demonstrated. Patterned transfer technology is firstly utilized for pulsed lasing. The power triggering saturable absorption is calculated to be as low as 0.11mW.


In the classroom teaching, the student is the main body. The achievement of all the goals or the number of students' learning gains is ultimately determined by the students. The teachers are only the promoters and guides of the goals. Therefore, to improve the effectiveness of classroom teaching, it must be achieved by increasing student participation.


On September 15, 2010, state officials, conservation leaders, and curious bystanders gathered outside of the Rachel Carson State Office Building in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, to dedicate an official Pennsylvania historical marker to the memory of Maurice K. Goddard. Speaker after speaker lauded Goddard's extraordinary career in the service of five governors as secretary of the Department of Forests and Waters and its successor, the Department of Environmental Resources. They listed his many accomplishments and told how he "expanded the state park system, establishing forests and natural and wild areas, and profes-sionalizing both forestry and environmental management." They noted that the marker, positioned at the entrance to the offices of the state's Department of Conservation and Natural Resources and Department of Environmental Protection, is visible to the over 2,000 agency employees working in the office building as well as the visiting public and passersby. John Hines, executive deputy secretary of the Department of Environmental Protection, remarked that "while it was befitting that the walls of this office building be named for Rachel Carson, this plaque we are dedicating today sits at the building's solid foundation which is what Doc Goddard gave to every one of us, his commitment to Pennsylvania, to our quality of life, and to future generations."


Two major difficulties exist in the use of Aspergillus niger v. Tiegh for identification and study of the r?les of micronutrients, although these are certainly not unique with this fungus. The water, sucrose, and salts employed may be assumed never to be completely free from impurities of micronutrients. Moreover, increases in yield with apparently non-nutritive elements may be due to biological substitutions and other obscure phenomena and not to essentiality. Decision in some instances is difficult or impossible. These points have been considered by the writer at various times in the past. It was noted that better provision of micronutrients were paralleled by decreased macronutrient needs (2). Addition of traces of organic compounds to the nutrient solution gave no increases in yield except when micronutrients were deficient in quantity for maximum yield (3). Deficiencies in potassium or magnesium led to similar increases in yield with sodium and beryllium (5), respectively. Similar results (unpublished) have also been obtained with other apparently non-nutritive elements (Ti, Cb, Pd, etc.) when micronutrients were insufficient for maximum growth. These studies and the present one have been a direct consequence of the effort to obtain sufficient information to serve as a basis for interpretation of such anomalous increases obtained with apparently nonessential elements. The increases were often the results of actual or induced deficiencies in known nutrient elements and not of nutritive functions of the elements under trial. The phenomena under discussion have also led to a quantitative study of the actual minima of the nutrient elements necessary for maximum yield. Further data are herein presented and should be interpreted particularly in the light of Pfeffer's (1) conclusion with respect to the mineral nutrition of (higher) plants: "All the elements cannot ... be simultaneously reduced to the lowest possible minima7' in the nutrient solution if growth is to be maximum. Briefly stated, the data herein presented comprise a quantitative comparison of the optima obtained for all the macronutrient elements in quantity-yield experiments with those actually needed in the dibasal nutrient solution. Included also are brief but pertinent data on the relation of these results to micronutrient requirements, and the relation of nutrient solution acidity (pH), chloride, and of quantity and source of inoculum to deficiencies, whether actual or induced. Methods


This document defines the requirements for Drone Remote Identification
Protocol (DRIP) Working Group protocols to support Unmanned Aircraft
System Remote Identification and tracking (UAS RID) for security,
safety and other purposes. Complementing external technical standards
as regulator-accepted means of compliance with UAS RID regulations,
DRIP will: facilitate use of existing Internet resources to support
UAS RID and to enable enhanced related services; enable online and
offline verification that UAS RID information is trustworthy.


As an important medium for image processing technology to obtain original data for algorithm analysis, the camera is closely related to the accuracy of the algorithm. The first prerequisite to ensure the accuracy of the algorithm is the correct camera selection and stable installation position. Therefore, it is very necessary to establish a model that can calibrate the camera, and judge whether the installation position of the camera complies in real-time and match the camera selection guide, to make a strong guarantee for the accuracy of the algorithm.


Appendectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures performed in surgery. Surprisingly, there is still a lack of consensus about the most appropriate technique. Appendectomy is still being performed by both open (OA) and laparoscopic (LA) methods. Unlike cholecystectomy where the laparoscopic approach is now the gold standard; the LA has not had the same position among appendectomies. The major reasons cited are longer operative time, increased cost to the hospital and patient, no objective superiority to the traditional OA.


This work investigates the role of the intake generated thermal stratification in the temperature field evolution during the compression stroke using direct numerical simulation. The analysis compares two direct numerical simulations during the compression stroke, from which one is initialized with a homogeneous temperature distribution and the other one with a stratified temperature field resulting from a precursor direct numerical simulation of the intake stroke. All other initial and boundary conditions are identically imposed. The results show that the thermal situation at bottom dead center has nearly no impact on the evolution of the temperature field and the wall heat transfer during compression. Dominating mechanism for the temperature field evolution is found to be the convective transport of cold gases from the boundary layers toward the cylinder center. As a consequence, the wall temperature and the flow field are the main influencing parameters controlling the evolution of the temperature distribution during compression. This finding can assist practical engine experiments, since it points out which mechanisms are promising to affect the temperature field during the compression stroke. In addition, it explains why the stratification of the temperature field during intake by varying the gas temperatures in the two intake channels showed only a minor impact on the thermal situation at top dead center.


Abstract : ESTCP project EW-201409 aimed at demonstrating the benefits of innovative software technology for building HVAC systems. These benefits included reduced system energy use and cost as well as improved performance driven by autonomous commissioning and optimized system control. In the end, while many individual elements of the project were completed successfully, the project as a whole was not able to successfully demonstrate the technology. Anecdotal evidence, academic studies, and system simulations demonstrate the importance and capacity for best-in-class control solutions to improve system performance and reduce energy use and cost. However, implementing these solutions into the extremely heterogeneous and often malfunctioning or misconfigured HVAC systems in real operating buildings poses a major challenge to reaping the benefits promised by advanced control.


This is an evaluation of Chinas family planning programs since 1970. Using data from three censuses and a 1988 fertility and birth control survey the author describes the successes achieved. Consideration is given to the decline in fertility changes in marriage age and childbearing intentions improvements in life expectancy and infant mortality and the increased tempo of the demographic transition. (ANNOTATION)


In India, you have a post graduate degree of dentistry; you can become a senior lecturer in any of the college without any hustle. Did anybody sitting in the prime positions in the governing body had ever thought that is just acquiring a post graduate degree is sufficient to be a teacher in dental college. At any stage of educational process, teacher is the main central thrust. The importance of teacher in the education arena is well documented but the quality of teaching is the issue which is being neglected in the Indian dental education.


Adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) are defined by their self-Renewal and multipotency, which allow them to generate both neurons and glial cells in the adult brain. Contrary to mammals, the zebrafish brain maintains numerous neurogenic zones in the adult, among which the most characterized is the pallial ventricular zone. It is composed of radial glial cells serving as aNSCs. Which embryonic neural progenitors are at the origin of these aNSCs is still unknown. This work aims to determine the relative contributions of two embryonic neural progenitor populations, the «proneural clusters» (involved in embryonic neurogenesis) and the « progenitor pools » (characterized by a delayed neurogenesis), to the formation of aNSCs in the zebrafish pallium. First, using genetic lineage tracing techniques, we were able to identify the embryonic neural progenitor population at the origin of a subpopulation of aNSCs located in the dorso-Medial part of the pallium. The her4:ERT2CreERT2 transgenic driver line, combined with pharmacological treatments inhibiting the Notch signalling pathway, allowed showing that neural progenitors giving rise to dorso-Medial pallial aNSCs express the « Enhancer of split » her4 gene, specifically expressed in « proneural clusters » from very early stages of development. As a second step, clonal analyses as well as spatially controlled recombinations by laser highlighted that aNSCs of the zebrafish lateral pallium do not derive from her4-Positive embryonic progenitors maintained by the Notch pathway, but from a restricted population of neuroepithelial cells located in the embryonic telencephalic roof plate. These cells display « progenitor pool » specific features, as for instance the expression of non-Canonical her genes (independent of Notch signalling) such as her6 and her9, the expression of components of signalling pathways such as Wnt, BMP, FGF, and a late neurogenesis onset. These progenitors progressively generate, from juvenile stages, the vast majority of the aNSCs of the lateral pallium. Most interestingly, a small population of these neuroepithelial cells persists in the postero-Lateral pallium at adult stage and keeps generating de novo aNSCs of this brain region. In addition to identifying the origin of pallial aNSCs in the zebrafish, this study also delivers information on the progressive maturation steps that embryonic progenitors undergo to generate aNSCs, and highlights similarities and differencies existing between the dorso-Medial and lateral progenitors. Finally, this work also permits tracing the neurons generated by stem cells at different stages. This reveals for the first time the progressive formation of the different zebrafish pallial compartements, and allows appreciating their homologies with the mouse pallial regions.


Dealing with a terminally-ill neonate has a significant emotional toll for both the parents and the entire family. The experience of creating memories with a terminally-ill neonate can be deeply emotional and challenging, but it can also be profoundly meaningful and comforting for both the family and the neonate. Memories may involve celebrations related to naming or milestone celebrations, parental involvement in neonatal care and spending quality time with the neonate as well as creating mementoes, capturing or videotaping moments. The creation of memories, despite the neonate's limited lifespan, acknowledges its individuality and affirms its dignity and identity as a human being, whereas it creates a sense of unity during such difficult times. Specialized multidisciplinary teams, with advanced training and professional skills, and national initiatives are critical for families' support to the grieving process and their guidance to emotional and ethical complexities associated with the caring of a terminally-ill neonate.


We have shown previously that stimulation of the carotid body chemoreceptors by venous blood usually caused a reflex decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance in lungs perfused at a constant blood volume inflow (Daly & Daly, 1957 b). It was stated that the method used did not enable us to establish whether this effect was a direct reflex response of the pulmonary vascular bed proper, i.e. pulmonary vasodilatation, or was passive to reflex bronchial vasomotor changes causing an alteration in the distribution of blood between the bronchial and pulmonary vascular systems (Berry & I. de B. Daly, 1931). The only way of distinguishing between these two possibilities was to repeat the tests when no blood was flowing through the bronchial circulation. This paper describes, first, the experimental procedure carried out to achieve the necessary conditions to obtain unequivocal evidence for a reflex acting on the pulmonary vascular bed proper, and secondly, the results of an investigation carried out to determine whether the carotid body chemoreceptors exert any reflex control over this vascular bed. The perfused living animal preparation in which the blood flow through the greater and lesser circulations was under independent control went some way to meet the necessary requirements (I. de B. Daly, Elsden, Hebb, von Ludiny & Petrovskaia, 1942; I. de B. Daly, Eggleton, Hebb, Linzell & Trowell, 1954). It was necessary, however, to modify the perfusion of the systemic circulation in this preparation for the following reasons. (1) When making tests of chemoreceptor stimulation in the absence of the bronchial circulation, i.e. at zero bronchial arterial pressure, the blood pressure in other parts of the


Matter is the only substance that can provide objective existence in space and physical reality to an entity. All real entities are made of matter. Due to lack of a reference, we have no measuring scale to determine matter-contents of real objects. Instead one attribute of matter, mass, represents matter-contents of material objects. Mass, used for this purpose, is itself is often bifurcated into inertial mass, gravitational mass, etc. Inertial mass is measure of inertia, a property attributed to 3D matter-bodies. Gravitational mass is derived from magnitude of gravitational attraction, experienced by a macro body. However, importance accorded to mass (in place of matter-content of an object) caused matter to be regarded as an unnecessary entity even for existence of material bodies and encouraged developments of exotic theories and mysterious particles. Devising a logical measurement scale can help restore glory to matter, rightly due to it, as the only substance that can provide existence to all real objects.


This paper provides a mathematical model for tolerance chart balancing for machining process planning. The formulation of the proposed model is based on the graphic 'rooted tree' representation technique in describing the sequence of the machining process. The criteria considered in the presented study are based on the combined effects of manufacturing cost and quality loss under constraints such as process capability limits, design functionality restrictions, and product quality requirements. Applications of these models include minimizing the total cost of manufacturing activities and quality related issues with process selection and tolerance allocation in machining process planning, particularly in the early stage of planning.


The focus of this thesis is a degree based relaxation of independent sets in graphs called co-k-plexes and the related combinatorial optimization problem of finding a maximum cardinality co-k-plex in G. This thesis develops a metaheuristic approach for solving the maximum co-k-plex problem which is known to be NP-hard. The approach is further extended for finding a maximum weighted co-k-plex in G where vertices of G are associated with specific weights. As the maximum co-k-plex problem in G is equivalent to the maximum k-plex problem in complement graph of G, many applications of this problem can be found in clustering and data mining social networks, biological networks, internet graphs and stock market graphs among others. In this thesis, a Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) is developed to solve the maximum co-k-plex and maximum weighted co-k-plex problems. Computational experiments are performed to study the effectiveness of the proposed metaheuristic on benchmark instances. Finally, the performance of the developed GRASP algorithms for both versions was confirmed by comparing the running time and solution quality with results obtained by an exact algorithm.


Physiological overgrowth of the parathyroid glands in mammals has been very rarely observed. Erdheim, 1 Bauer 2 and Strada 3 have recently described its occurrence in man in association with some cases of osteomalacia. Three instances of undoubted general parathyroid enlargement in bitches in association with lactation have come under my observation. In the reports of partial removal and of transplantation of mammalian parathyroids, particularly in dogs, one of the most characteristic features has been the absence of any noteworthy compensatory enlargement of the remaining portion within the time limits in which other tissues, like the thyroid, heart muscle, kidney, etc., react to artificially induced insufficiencies. In the course of some experiments with the thyroid gland in fowls in 1910, I observed several instances of marked enlargement of the parathyroids independent of the changes occurring in the thyroid glands. These parathyroid changes were found in fowls which had been fed with maize and wheat for periods of 2 to 6 months. The observations were repeated in 1911, 1912, and 1913, with similar results. Since calcium temporarily relieves the symptoms of parathyroid tetany in mammals, and since maize and wheat contain very little calcium, it was thought possibly the parathyroid overgrowth might be a result of a calcium deficiency, and if this was so, calcium might exert some protective actionagainst parathyroid overgrowth. Calcium hydroxide, calcium lactate, calcium carbonate (as chalk and crushed oyster shells), magnesium carbonate, strontium carbonate, sodium citrate, sulphuric acid, neutral sulphur and sodium hydroxide have been given in the diet of maize and wheat for periods of one, two and three months. One hundred and ten fowls have been used. No detectable inhibition of the parathyroid overgrowth could be detected in the fowls given magnesium carbonate, strontium carbonate, sulphuric acid, neutral sulphur, sodium citrate or sodium hydroxide,-the growth being as marked as in the controls.


Providing the necessary level of complete protein and amino acids in diets is necessary for intensive growth, health and high productivity of poultry. Protein nutrition of poultry can be regulated at the level of individual amino acids with the help of their additives and also improve the amino acid profile of the diet. Valine is the fourth limiting amino acid in broiler diets. A research has been carried out in the AO "Yaroslavl Broiler" poultry farm to assess the effect of the input of synthetic valine to the main diet on the zootechnical indicators of broiler chickens and the profitability of production. During the entire growing period, the poultry received rations developed according to the feed program of AO "Yaroslavl Broiler". The reduced baseline level of total crude protein by 0,5–1,5 % below the standard in the compound feed recipes was compensated by the addition of three limiting amino acids, in the control group (lysine, methionine, threonine) and four, in the experimental group (lysine, methionine, threonine and valine). It has been shown that the addition of valine to the diet in an amount of 0,04–0,10 % did not reduce its nutritional values. Together with the first three limiting amino acids, the addition of crystalline valine improved the amino acid profile of the diet. Valine levels in the experimental group were higher than in the control group and only slightly below the recommended values for broiler chickens of the cross Ross 308 with a final weight of 2,5–3,0 kg. In broiler chickens have been receiving diets with additional valine, the average daily gain in live weight was 62,12 g, the average live weight of a chick was 2,74 kg, the feed conversion was 1,63 and the total meat yield was 207 449 kg, which were better than in the control group. Also, less feed was consumed in the experimental group, and the productivity index was 392,3 and was higher than in the control group.


Within the framework of attitude theory, this study investigates the conditions under which the halo effect can be (a) created where none normally exists and (b) reduced or eliminated where it does occur. A laboratory experiment was conducted to induce physiological arousal as a mechanism for influencing halo. Using a spreading activation model of semantic memory to frame predictions, it was hypothesized and found that arousal produced a halo effect for positive beliefs, tended to reduce halo for negative beliefs, and eliminated halo (marginally) for all beliefs treated as an aggregate. The context for the study was attitudes toward blood donation. A total of 220 people participated in a fully randomized two-group posttest-only design with multiple covariates and measurement error taken into account explicitly. Theoretical and applied implications are discussed. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


At present,the therapy principle of ovarian carcinoma is still the most of operation,and with chemical treatment and other synthetical therapies.As fast as the precept of united chemical therapy basing on cisplatatin used broadly and normally,the effect of chemical therapy has been obviously advanced.But it has been obstacle in the clinical therapy that the phenomenon of original and/or obtainal resistance in the ovarian cancer cells along with it.The effect of chemical therapy of ovarian cancer has been weaken;the most of cause is the cancer cells have been had the cisplatin-resistance against the chemical therapy.The mechanism of resistance is very complex;it is possible born with all sorts of abnormal in many of tache.In the final,the cells with resistance in ovarian cancer,will represent cell-apoptosis cutting down obviously.So that searching after the resistance mechanism has been the sticking point,for solving the problem of resistance and improving the effect of chemical therapy.Coming up with it,the development in life sciences at very fast speed and the technique in molecular biology with perpetual ameliorating,the searching for the resistance-mechanism,in the level of gene,has been a new hot point .The relational correlative studies have been depicted.


An investigation has been made of the effect of temperature on excitation in cells of C. corallina. It was found that the duration both of the action potential and of the transient current during excitation under voltage clamp increased with decreasing temperature, from ~1 s at 40°C to ~30 s at 3.5°C. The form of the transient response, however, was independent of temperature. While the peak potential during an action potential was largely independent of temperature, the peak transient current during a voltage clamp increased with increasing temperature up to ~30°C. Beyond this temperature, the peak current decreased again with increasing temperature. The activation enthalphy (ΔH*) calculated from Arrhenius plots of the duration of the action potential or of the transient current under voltage clamp varied continuously with temperature, having the values of ~7 kJ/mol for T > 20°C and ~350 kJ/mol for T 20°C and ~145 kJ/mol for T 35°C), ΔH* for both the passive and excitation channels was about the same as that for diffusion in a free solution. This suggests a progressive change in the degree of dehydration required for ion permeation in the channels. In the light of the known frequency dependence of the membrane capacitance of this species (at low frequencies), considerations are also given to the implications of the similarity in their temperature dependence, of the duration of the action potential and the duration of the transient currents during voltage clamps.


We present a case of post-resuscitative pneumoperitoneum following bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and artificial ventilation via a laryngeal mask airway. Artificial ventilation can result in gastric distention and contribute to subsequent gastric perforation. Among the various approaches to ventilating patients in respiratory failure, mouth-to-mouth and bag-valve-mask are much more likely to cause gastric inflation than ventilating with a laryngeal mask airway. Abdominal distention, haematemesis, and bloody gastric aspiration are common manifestations of post-resuscitative gastric perforation in which pneumoperitoneum is discovered in the majority of these patients by a roentgenogram of the chest after successful resuscitation. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2015;22:126-129)


A solution to the difficult satisfiability problem is developed, based on a high-order, stochastic update rule Boltzmann machine style artificial neural network. The high order of interconnections enables the net to encode high-order correlations from the problem domain. Using valid transformation laws from Boolean algebra, the canonical form of the satisfiability problem is recast so that the order of neuron interconnections in the net equals one less than the number of literals in the longest clause. The network's objective (energy) function derived rigorously for given problems exhibits degenerate ground states (local minima). Simulated annealing via the logarithmic temperature update rule is used to escape local minima. A recently available result guaranteeing convergence to global minima is explored. The network shows good performance over large problem sizes. The speed of convergence to global minima states in several simulations is impressive.<<ETX>>


The Vocational Card Sort is best used as a combined assessment and counseling technique that stimulates clients to project their idiosyncratic classifications of occupational values and interests.


Our study investigated the effects of daily herbage allowance (DHA) and energy supplementation on daily
herbage intake in lactating saddle mares grazing high-quality regrowths. Three contrasting DHAs at ground
level: low, medium and high, i.e. 35, 52.5 and 70 g DM.kg BW-1.d-1, were obtained by adjusting pasture strip
width. For 3 successive 2-week periods, 3 groups of 3 supplemented mares (S, 2.6 kg DM barley.d-1) and 3
groups of 3 non supplemented mares (NS) grazed each DHA according to a Latin-square design. Whichever
their level of supplementation, all the mares responded in the same way to DHA variations by linearly
increasing their herbage intake from 18.5 to 23.4 g DM.kg BW-1.d-1 with increasing DHA. However, barley
supplementation allowed to S mares to realize total digestible dry matter intake and net energy intake higher
than the ones of NS mares. Contrary to S mares, NS mares no longer met their energy requirements on low
and medium DHA. The linear relation between DHA and herbage intake allowed to estimate at 66 g DM.kg
BW-1.d-1 (i.e. 39 kg DM.mare-1.d-1) the DHA threshold below which lactating mares need an energy
supplementation to fully meet their requirements in our grazing conditions.


Since the introduction of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for non-invasive treatment of renal and ureteral stones, lithotripter units have relied on either fluoroscopic or ultrasound stone localization. While ultrasound stone localization reduces X-ray exposure and facilitates treatment of radiolucent renal stones, fluoroscopic stone localization is superior in the detection of ureteral stones. Since April 1989 we have been using the Lithostar plus, a new lithotriptor system, which provides both fluoroscopic and ultrasound stone localization. After treatment of 108 patients, the initial data suggest that this system combines the advantages of both localization principles, while being as efficient as other second-generation lithotriptor units in bringing about the disintegration of renal and ureteral stones.


1. Production of hydrogen ions by the rat proximal jejunum was investigated using the everted sac technique. 2. Acidification occurred in the absence of glucose, increasing on addition of glucose to reach a maximal value. An apparent Km of 1‐78 mM was derived for the glucose‐dependent process. 3. Acidification in the presence of glucose was inhibited by 10 mM‐2:4‐dinitrophenol, 10 mM phlorrhizin, 10 mM aminophylline and anaerobiosis. 4. Histamine, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), ouabain and acetazolamide, compounds known to alter acid production in gastric mucosa had no effect on jejunal acidification. 5. Galactose and 3‐O‐methylglucose failed to increase acidification; in contrast, mannose and fructose did lead to increases, indicating metabolic origin of the hydrogen ions. 6. Serosal and mucosal lactate production were measured and the calculated percentage of hydrogen ions possibly derived from this source was shown to account for only a small proportion of acidification. 7. The greatest increase in acidification with minimal simultaneous production of lactate occurred with ATP which was shown not to enter intestinal tissues. 8. A hypothesis for acidification, that of the break‐down at the mucosal surface of ATP from intracellular metabolic sources, is proposed and its relevance to the postulated microclimate is discussed.


Summary Rats received a single dose of 10 mg of 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA). Twenty-four hours later each rat received a 0.5 μCi of 131I-labeled L-thyroxine (131I-T4). Bile was collected in hourly samples for 4 hr following 131I-T4. Average total (4 hr) biliary secretion of 131I by MCA-treated rats was approximately twice that in control rats. Average volume flow rate of bile was not significantly different in the two groups. During the first hour of bile collection, biliary clearance of plasma 131I in MCA-treated rats was more than 3 times that in control rats. The major fraction of biliary 131I in both groups appeared to be T4-glucuronide.


My motivation for writing Capitalizing Religion was in part deeply personal; as I discuss in the introduction, I was attempting to come to terms with my father's death. However, I was equally motivated bymy frustration with the failure of scholars in the field of religion to provide a sophisticated framework for thinking about how culture is transformed by neoliberal capitalism. The typical narrative, according to which "religion" is freed from the moorings of tradition and thus becomes more individualized, is unsatisfactory not only because it is problematic as an empirical description, but also because it is loaded with a theoretical vocabulary that is borrowed from the ideology of libertarianism. I'm proud of how the book turned out – despite its flaws – and I've been happy to see that it's been relatively well received. I criticized William James deeply in the book; however, like Finbarr Curtis, I think there is much more to James than his ahistorical and essentialist account of religious institutions. While I find that his work is today used to prop up the status quo, it's clear that he was to some extent revolutionary in his own time. For instance, Curtis rightly notes that James calls into question theological interpretations of religious experience, and offered alternative naturalistic and reductionist explanations – clearly against the grain in the 19th century. One of Curtis' points on this matter I think calls for correction: Curtis argues that I read "James as an unapologetic promoter of capitalist individualism." In fact, I say quite the opposite: "I do not mean to suggest that William James was a propagandist for late capitalism" (74). Rather, I argue that James' individualism is easily made to dovetail with contemporary celebrations of individual freedom that are part and parcel of capitalist culture and forms of "spirituality" that make no social demands. Overall, I find much of continuing value in James' philosophy and American pragmatism in general, which is something I should have made much more clear in the book. I see my criticism of James as concerning Varieties of Religious Experience Religion, 2016 Vol. 46, No. 3, 443–447, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0048721X.2016.1186333


Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia, characterized by an irregular and extremely rapid atrial electrical activation that causes loss of atrial mechanical function and important hemodynamic consequences. AF classification is important in both the therapeutic approach and the prognosis. Several classifications based on the ECG patch, epicardial or endocavitary records have been performed over time, but no classification can take into account all the characteristics of AF and especially associated diseases, which may be both the cause and consequence of arrhythmia. Aim: The aim of the study is to establish the current profile of the patient with atrial fibrillation in the new era of oral anticoagulant therapy and sinus rhythm restoration.
Material and methods: The trial was conducted on patients with atrial fibrillation hospitalized between 01.10.2014-31.03.2015 at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases "Prof. Dr. G. Georgescu", Iasi. Patients included in the study were analyzed according to age and sex, criteria for the clinical and paraclinic definition for atrial fibrillation.
Results: Atrial fibrillation is an extremely common cardiovascular pathology and is present in about one-third of patients admitted to our clinic. Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, ischemic coronary artery disease, and valvulopathy are common in patients with AF. Patients with AF are usually elderly patients with many associated diseases in whom sinus rhythm restoration treatment and anticoagulant therapy are difficult to establish. AF is one of the most common arrhythmias that complicates the evolution of acute myocardial infarction, association between dual antiplatelet therapy and anticoagulation treatment, increasing the risk of bleeding complications.
Conclusions: Atrial fibrillation is an extremely common cardiovascular pathology and is present in about one-third of patients admitted to our hospital. The data obtained revealed that this arrhythmia occurs in a small number of cases as the only pathology of the patient, usually associated with numerous comorbidities. Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, ischemic coronary artery disease, valvulopathy are common in our practice. Patient with AF is a patient who requires long-term anticoagulant therapy and in whom sinus rhythm recovery therapy is dependent on the precocity of presentation to the physician, as well as on the therapeutic resources of current medicine.


Aggregate U.S. bank lending to small businesses is often approximated with regulatory data based on loan size using commercial and industrial (C&I) loans of $1 million or less as a proxy. We assess the validity of this proxy in measuring small business lending using data from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's (FDIC's) Small Business Lending Survey (SBLS), a nationally representative survey of banks. We find that more than 30 percent of C&I lending by banks with $1 billion to $10 billion in assets is in small loans (less than $1 million) to large firms or larger loans to small firms, which contradicts the core assumption of high correlation between loan size and firm size that underpins usage of the proxy. When we relax the proxy's assumption for loan size using parameters generated from the survey data, we find that aggregate small business lending by banks likely recovered from the 2007–2009 recession (Great Recession) two to four years earlier than indicated by the proxy. Using $10 million in gross annual revenue as a maximum small business size, we find that the proxy on net understates small business lending by banks with $1 billion to $10 billion in assets by up to 23 percentage points, with wide dispersion among banks in the degree of overand understatement. This dispersion undermines the proxy's ability to correctly rank banks by the proportion of their C&I loan portfolio devoted to small business lending. We also find that the proxy likely only mildly understates small business lending for the smallest banks, those with less than $1 billion in assets. 1 Economists, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official positions of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the United States. FDIC Staff Studies can be cited without additional permission.


Alpha radiolysis of hydrogenous waste and packaging materials generates hydrogen gas in radioactive storage containers. For that reason, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission limits the flammable gas (hydrogen) concentration in the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) containers to 5 vol% of hydrogen in air, which is the lower explosion limit. Consequently, a method is needed to prevent the build up of hydrogen to 5 vol% during the storage and transport of the TRUPACT-II containers (up to 60 days). One promising option is the use of hydrogen getters. These materials scavenge hydrogen from the gas phase and irreversibly bind it in the solid phase. One proven getter is a material called 1,4-bis (phenylethynyl) benzene, or DEB, characterized by the presence of carbon-carbon triple bonds. Carbon may, in the presence of suitable precious metal catalysts such as palladium, irreversibly react with and bind hydrogen. In the presence of oxygen, the precious metal may also eliminate hydrogen by catalyzing the formation of water. This reaction is called catalytic recombination. DEB has the needed binding rate and capacity for hydrogen that potentially could be generated in the TRUPACT II. Phases 1 and 2 of this project showed that uncoated DEB performed satisfactorily in lab scale tests.more » Based upon these results, Phase 3, the final project phase, included larger scale testing. Test vessels were scaled to replicate the ratio between void space in the inner containment vessel of a TRUPACT-II container and a payload of seven 55-gallon drums. The tests were run with an atmosphere of air for 63.9 days at ambient temperature (15-27°C) and a scaled hydrogen generation rate of 2.60E-07 moles per second (0.35 cc/min). A second type of getter known as VEI, a proprietary polymer hydrogen getter characterized by carbon-carbon double bonds, was also tested in Phase 3. Hydrogen was successfully "gettered" by both getter systems. Hydrogen concentrations remained below 5 vol% (in air) for the duration of the tests. However, catalytic reaction of hydrogen with carbon triple or double bonds in the getter materials did not take place. Instead, catalytic recombination was the predominant gettering mechanism in both getter materials as evidenced by (1) consumption of oxygen in the belljars, (2) production of free water in the belljars, and (3) absence of chemical changes in both getter materials as shown by nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.« less


Abstract
 This chapter focuses on the fundamentals of pruning sweet cherry orchards. The fundamentals of training and pruning contemporary sweet cherry orchards usually incorporate plant materials or techniques that promote: early fruiting for a more rapid return on investment; optimization of light interception and distribution, with minimal intra-canopy shading; greater precision in, and/or simplification of, canopy development for balancing yields with fruit size and quality, as well as ease of teaching to less experienced labor forces; and systematic processes for annual renewal of fruiting wood to maintain consistent yields of high fruit quality as trees age.


Critical Care Medicine www.ccmjournal.org 1393 Central venous access devices (CVADs) are near ubiquitous in the critically ill patient and most commonly include percutaneously placed central venous catheters (CVCs) and peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs). Placement and maintenance of these catheters put patients at risk of mechanical, infectious, and thrombotic complications. Although the use of ultrasound guidance for placement has decreased the rate of mechanical complications (1), significant infectious and thrombotic risks remain. These complications are associated with increased length of stay, cost, morbidity, and mortality (2). As pediatric CVAD utilization has increased, there has been a corresponding growth in venous thromboembolism (VTE) (3). Central-line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates have decreased with the use of protocols and checklists (4), subclavian placement (5), and antibiotic-impregnated catheters (6) but remain a significant driver of morbidity and mortality. Although the use of PICCs has become increasingly prevalent in the pediatric population (7), complications can be seen in up to one third of cases (8). There remains no clear, consistent evidence to guide definitive choice of catheter type in these patients although recent literature favors an increased risk of CLABSI and VTE in PICCs as compared to CVCs (9). In this issue of Critical Care Medicine, Patel et al (10) address this clinically relevant question, specifically evaluating rates of VTE and CLABSI among types of CVADs in critically ill children. In this large, multicenter, retrospective cohort study evaluating close to 75,000 CVADs across 148 children's hospitals that use the Virtual PICU Systems, LLC (Los Angeles, CA) platform, the authors found that PICCs are associated with higher rates of both CLABSI and VTE, begging additional consideration about "picking the PICC." The study by Patel et al (10) adds to the growing body of literature surrounding CVAD complications and can help to inform the pediatric intensivist's central line choice. Although a broad generalization ("CVC = good and PICC = bad") would simplify clinical decision making, such dogma is not warranted. Mechanical considerations and patient factors must be considered. For example, as younger age and lower weight were associated with increased VTE rates, the authors rightly acknowledge that these could be variables reflecting the key consideration of CVAD:vessel diameter. Additionally, higher CLABSI rates were seen in patients with more severe illness and disease processes associated with higher risk of mortality—likely factors reflecting an inflammatory milieu ripe for complications. Other factors such as femoral catheter site and longer catheter duration were also associated with increases in both CLABSI and VTE, with higher frequency of both in PICCs. Of particular interest, Patel et al (10) noted that catheters placed outside of the ICU setting were associated with lower complication rates. Although this finding is likely multifactorial, it raises an interesting question: what factors in the ICU and non-ICU environments should be evaluated and altered in order to optimize CVAD outcomes and mitigate their complications? Considering this finding through an education/training lens, one potential consideration relates to the role of trainees and their level of experience/competence in CVAD insertion, both inside and outside of the ICU. The study by Patel et al (10) redemonstrated that CVADs placed in non-ICU, nonemergency department locations (e.g., catheter laboratory, operating or procedure room, radiology suite, post-anesthesia care unit, or outpatient surgical center) were associated with decreased complication rates (11). Although these environments likely represent a more controlled setting than the PICU, where time may be more of a luxury than a barrier, it is also worth considering the possibility that CVADs placed in such locations are inserted by those with more placement experience, perhaps by attending physicians or non-ICU site-specific trainees with more experience with the CVAD placement—an Interventional Radiology fellow, perhaps. Although greater procedural experience has been associated with lower complication rates (12), we must seek the optimal balance between patient risk mitigation and graduated trainee autonomy. Although there will always be an inherent tension between patient safety and trainee learning/experience, such tension should be harnessed to optimize both; what may be safest for the patient *See also p. 1340.


in disordered t.hermolysis without other change, the temperature mi*ht rise and remvain hliglh. But there was good ground for the behXt f that suclh noni-I,yrexial elevation of temperature was not in itself danigerols. Take, for example, the cases of aseptic operation, (lescribed 1b Volkniiann annd other surgeons, in whlich a temperatuire of 104"or 1t'° wais aCcoml)anie(l by no loss of appetite, nio distress, ino symiptom such as could be called characteristically febrile. Many of the current beliefs as to the beneficial effects, functiona;ll and(I texturial, of mere hiigh1 temperatutre were based on experimenits in wlicil aInimals were forcibly overheated. These expelriment,s were examinied critically, ndi in the liglht of fresh researclie;. suchl ais those of Naunyn, and Welch of Baltimore, shown-j to be calpble of otlher ilnterpretation. With due precautioins, suchl animals ctoild he k-ept in comifort and withiout permaneiit dlamage, for days or weeks, their rectal temperatuire being, on the average, 106' . Danger dlid not arise till a muclh highier poinit was meached; and tlheni the evidence proved that the overstrain oni tlhei tlhermal system broke down the regulating mechlanism, anil conmplete thermal dissolutionl or hyperpyrexia set in, The phenomeni of relapsing fever were adlduced as bearing in the same direction. In thiis disease, the subjects of wlich were often weak and anfxic, temiperatures of 1070, enduring for five or six days, were common, and were tolerated well, as was shown by, among otlher things, the small mortality (4 or 5per cent.). Tlhe conclusion iultimately reached was: That highi temperature in itself wvas not proven to be salutary, neither was it in itself the efficient cause of ILll the morbid phenomena commonly described as febrile.


The SaLT program is charged with encouraging residents to practice community life, engage meaningfully with the city of Harrisburg, and examine their role in society through the lens of service.


By using the methods of documentary experts interview and so on.This paper has studied the channels of P.E for Quality Education in Universities Colleges.It found that P.E with moral education is a problem of study the results of this paper is the teachers should cultivate the students with all kinds of methods.It including Morality education metal qualities operation qualities and culture.


Comparative analysis of geared and gearless servo drives with switched motors indicates the advantages of gearless drives for high-precision guidance systems. In certain cases, satisfactory results may be obtained using a drive with a small gear ratio.


This application note provides a set of guidelines to run error free across backplanes at high-speed data rates by tuning the analog settings available in StratixV transceivers. Various high-speed protocols target certain bit error ratio (BER) requirements. Meeting a BER of 1E-12 or lower over lossy backplanes and connectors can be very challenging. Stratix V transceivers are equipped with link tuning capabilities that will help you meet the stringent BER requirements.


Aiming at the problem of information isolated island,which caused by the isolated and poor openness of school business system function,this paper presents a digital campus construction plan.The plan based on the analysis of current digital campus development and Software-Oriented Architecture(SOA) technology,an overall logical framework of digital campus construction is built up,which consists of uniform identity verification system,uniform information portal system,and an communal shared data center.Under the guidance of the logical framework,the digital campus information flow is determined,and then the sharing of information and resources optimization can be achieved.


The antioxidant and anti-termite activities have been considered on the ethanol extract of Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm rhizome. An antioxidant assessment was carried out using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method and measured the absorbance at λ = 517 nm. An anti-termite assay was carried out by the force-feeding method using concentrations of 0, 10, 20, and 30 ppm. The results of phytochemical screening indicated that the extracts contained secondary metabolites of flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids. The antioxidant trial for which data were processed by the linear regression showed IC50 values of 8.20 and 5.04 ppm for the extracts and the vitamin C (as a standard) respectively. The IC50 value of the ethanol extract of the C. barometz rhizome exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity. The anti-termite assay whose data was processed by the Trimmed Spearman-Karber (TSK) program showed an LC50 value of 28.88 ppm. The termite mortality data for 96 hours were analyzed statistically using one way ANOVA with α = 0.05 demonstrated that the given treatments exposed very significant differences in termite mortality [F(3, 16) = 293, p <0.0001]. Based on the results of the study, it might be firmed that the ethanol extract of C. barometz rhizome could be exploited as antioxidant and anti-termite stuff.


Baiti, Rika Thorfi Nur/A610140030. PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA
PEMBELAJARAN BUKU KOMIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL
BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VII PADA MATERI BENCANA ERUPSI
GUNUNG BERAPI DI SMP NEGERI 3 SAWIT BOYOLALI. Skripsi. Fakultas
Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Oktober,
2018.
This study aims to determine 1) the development of the learning of comic book
media on the material of volcanic eruption disaster 2) to know the improvement of
learning outcomes of grade VII students in SMP Negeri 3 Sawit Boyolali regarding
the volcanic eruption disaster using comic book media. This research is a research
and development (Research & Development) that uses thedevelopment design model
Dick & Carrey. Processing learning media using the Paint Tool Sai software, Corel
Draw X5 and Corel Photo Paint X5 obtained the final product in the form of a comic
book. Research design using Pretest-Posttest Control Group. Data techniques used
are documentation, interviews, tests and questionnaires. The development of comic
book products through the validation phase of material experts and media experts
with an average score of 5.0 with the category "EXCELLENT". Data analysis
techniques in this study using reliability test, normality test, different test /
hypothesis test. The results showed that 1) Based on the assessment of material
experts and media experts, the comic book learning media was appropriate to be used
for learning as a learning medium in the material of volcanic eruption disaster, 2)
Learning in the experimental class using comic book media had an increase in the
average value pretest 49.12 and the average posttest score 77.74 shows a significant
value of 0.000 <0.05. While the control class without using the media got an average
pretest score of 49.96 and an average posttest score of 56.42, it can be concluded that
after the use of comic book learning media there was an increase in student learning
outcomes.


A combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the impact-parameter dependence of Na(3s to 3p) excitation in 1-10 keV Na-Ne collisions is presented. Two different mechanisms are shown to account for the features observed in the Na(3p) excitation. At low collision energies, the excitation takes place at well localised molecular curve crossings. At high energies, direct excitation at larger impact parameters dominates.


This paper builds an endogenous growth model whose purpose is to show how the inequality rise experienced by most OECD countries in the last 25 years may be linked to permanent changes in the structure of the product life cycle. Most recent papers interpret the inequality rise as the result of an increase of the skillpremium, notwithstanding the fact that 50% of the inequality rise is residual (ie cannot be explained by observable differences). In order to account for the rise of both between-group and within-group inequality we make the assumption of a dual labor market. Each firm offers two kind of jobs: primary and secondary jobs. Primary jobs, which are located in the core activities of the firm, are paid an efficiency-wage premium, whereas the secondary jobs, located in the non essential activities, are paid the market clearing wage. Workers may have different skills, but the skilled ones may perform both kind of jobs. The efficiency wage premium paid to core workers is our measure of between-group inequality. This structure is embedded in an endogenous growth model where innovation triggers a two period product cycle. The key assumption is that new goods use (relatively) more core workers than old goods. This implies that both within-group and between-group inequality are linked to the pace of innovation and the structure of the cycle (i.e. the relative length of two periods). The inequality rise can be explained as the result of a series of changes in the product cycle that have increased the share of new, primary jobs-intensive, goods.


This paper considers a bond graph approach to model a solar photovoltaic-thermal panel (PV/T) system as an alternative to the method used in [3]. Based on the obtained 1d model representing the dynamics of the PV/T, we identify transfer functions connecting the air output temperature to the air input flow for different operating points. Further, a PI-type controller is proposed and proven to guarantee good performance. All the techniques presented are illustrated through simulation results.


I am between flights at Dallas-Ft. Worth Airport, sitting on a comfortable chair outside of Starbucks and thinking about an editorial that ran in the New York Times a few weeks earlier. It seems that an author, resident in New York State, had authored a book accusing a Saudi sheik of financing terrorism. The sheik sued the author in Great Britain for libel where it was reported only a few copies of her book were sold. She failed to appear or defend and a default judgment was entered against her.The author had no assets in Great Britain or Saudi Arabia so the sheik sought to enforce his judgment in New York under New York's Uniform Foreign Money Judgment Recognition Act (UFMJRA) which provides, with a few exceptions, that foreign judgments are final, conclusive and enforceable in the country where rendered and are deemed conclusive between the parties and enforceable by United States Courts. The Times was outraged because it believed that the author would have been able to assert First Amendment defenses had she been sued in the United States.The author goes on to explain how this situation was handled and finally resolved, with some additional comments on how this fits in with Maryland law.


This paper presents the results obtained with a new type of eddy current transducer with rotating magnetic field (RMF) dedicated to inspection o f pressure tubes from PHWR CANDU type. Are presented the results of pressure tubes samples in spection, emphasizing slots, detection of discontinuities appeared during exploatatio n, s on internal as well as on external surface and hydride blisters with cracks.


The present invention relates to one or processes and reactors for mixing a plurality of flow into the processing liquid flow. Advantageously, the method and the reactor according to the present invention is suitable flow tend to form alone or organic deposits on the walls of the flow pipe with the process flow or inorganic deposits for introducing the treatment liquid flow . Particularly preferably, the present invention is suitable for papermaking chemicals are used when it is introduced into the pulp.


A includes a test strip and meter, provides a system for measuring characteristics of a sample in a liquid. A certain embodiment relates to diagnostic test strips for taking samples. Test strip includes a control circuit and having a plurality of electrodes for measuring the character of the sample in the tip region. The control circuit is configured to communicate with the measurement instrument controller. The control circuit includes a temperature sensor embedded, and a memory for lot coding and authentication of the test strip, and a prohibition logic that prohibits the said test strip is used more than once. Diagnostic instrument for receiving the test strip has a controller programmed to communicate with the control circuit. .The 2A


The Project to Integrate Family Planning with Parasite Control was first launched in 1975; currently it has 6 member countries, with several more Asian and Latin American countries planning to develop similar projects. The Integrated Approach has proved beneficial in stimulating further research in parasitology, family planning and related fields. One of the aims of this workshop is to evaluate the administrative/management aspect of the project, particularly in the areas of community participation and mobilization, resource needs, coordination and credibility of the project. Although family planning or fertility regulation is not an end in itself, its importance lies in its role in controlling population growth and hence in its contribution to the betterment of the social and material well-being of the population. Unfortunately, most governments today are faced with many constraints on their administrative efforts and responsibilities, and family planning programs are no exceptions. It is hoped that this workshop will shed new light on how to improve the implementation of family planning projects.


When developing information system, one has to determine information system subsystems development order. After IS subsystems have been determined, alongside its connectivity, such a structure can be represented in various forms, such is for example a digraph. In this paper it is elaborated that such digraphs can be planar, when one deals with real-world information systems where subsystems are determined according to business functions, which in turn opens up possibility of efficiently solving the problem of information system subsystems development order/priority. Since this paper is dealing with the problem that is, among other things, NP-complete, this find is significant.


Experimental data on the gas holdup and the mean bubble size in a bubble column with a single nozzle was obtained for gas-molten salt systems of a eutectic mixture of LiCl (58 mol %)-KCl (42 mol %) and molten NaNO/sub 3/. The liquid-phase mass transfer coefficient K /SUB L/ was evaluated from the specific surface area a and the volumetric coefficient K /SUB L/ a data for oxygen and carbon dioxide absorption into molten NaNO/sub 3/. The dimensionless correlations of the performance of bubble columns for aqueous solutions can be extended to the gas-molten salt systems.


Purpose – The aim of this paper is to review and synthesize an interdisciplinary literature on ethnic entrepreneurship studies from a spatial perspective. The major goal is to develop an analytical framework for understanding how place plays a role in ethnic entrepreneurship processes at different geographic scales.Design/methodology/approach – The article starts with a review of perspectives on ethnic entrepreneurship from multiple disciplines in social sciences, mainly from a non‐spatial approach. It then critically discusses the spatial inquiries on ethnic entrepreneurship, with a focus on identifying the gaps across disciplines. Based on these discussions, a comprehensive, multilevel spatial framework is finally conceptualized. Following that, the concluding remarks highlight future directions and public policy significance by implementing this suggested social‐spatial approach.Findings – As the central social actors, ethnic entrepreneurs weave through multiscaled geographic contexts in the process of...


Dual phase titanium alloys, such as Ti-6242, experience a significant reduction in fatigue lifetime when the peak load is held at each cycle. This type of sustained peak loading, also known as dwell fatigue, mimics the long periods of high mean stress experienced by titanium fan and compressor components during takeoff and cruise. The reduction in fatigue lifetime is known as the dwell debit, and is attributed to the phenomenon of load shedding. Both local microstructure and temperature are known to impact load shedding and thereby the macroscopic response of Ti-6242 when subject to dwell fatigue, but the underlying mechanisms are still under active investigation. This study utilized electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and digital image correlation (DIC) to characterize the role of local microstructure and temperature on load shedding during dwell fatigue. EBSD was used to determine local orientation and texture information, and DIC provided information about the heterogeneity of the strain distribution and plastic strain accumulation. Ex-situ tests were performed to investigate the link between the deformation of local microstructures and macroscopic damage. The resultant strain fields and orientation maps were statistically analyzed to provide quantitative insights into the impact of local microstructure on load shedding during dwell fatigue.


US universities are admitting higher percentages of international students, bringing into focus concerns with how to best support them once they are at the university. However, less attention has been paid to the preparation they undertake before matriculation. Th is study looks at how students are prepared before arrival and how this preparation matched their expectations and experiences in their US classes. Information was gathered through interviews of international students in diff erent US universities, as well as from large-scale surveys conducted at the University of California, Berkeley with incoming and current international students. Results suggest the need for additional program planning to more fully support this population.


Aim: The major purpose of this project is to improve picture enhancement for human viewers in order to improve interpretability or perception of information in images, as well as to give better input for other automated image processing approaches.The scientific images are corrupted by noise, and the images as a whole deteriorate. Edges are suppressed, structural features are blurred, and obstructions are blurred, among other things. Mask Filter and Wiener Filter are two filtering techniques. Materials and methods: Different sources of liver images from the kaggle website were used in this study. The total sample size was computed using clinical.com and the sample sizes were (N=20) for Mask filtering and (N=20) for the Wiener filtering technique. The total number of samples was calculated to be 40 as a consequence. The PSNR was calculated using SPSS Software and a standard data set. Through Matlab coding, both a mask filter and a wiener filter technique were used to enhance liver images, as well as retrieving PSNR values for each image. Then, using the SPSS software, a comparison and analysis were performed. Results: In an image enhancement of the image processing pathway, Wiener filters technique shows the best performance by removing noise to improve PSNR of liver images than mask filtering. PSNR values are compared using IBM-SPSS software and an independent sample test. Between the mask filter and wiener filtering, there is a statistical difference. In comparison to mask filtering, the wiener filtering technique produced greater PSNR (78.3780dB) with (p=0.004) (62.9695dB). Conclusion: Wiener Filtering image enhancement technique provides high PSNR values for different sources of liver images than mask filtering Technique.


Xe-128 in I-127 transmutation targets irradiated by Xi'an pulse reactor was analyzed by using Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (QMS) to calculate transmutation rate and release rate. Transmutation is an alternative method to transform long-lived toxic radio nuclides to short-lived radio nuclides or stable nuclides. 127I targets were irradiated in Xi'an Pulse Reactor for the first time to simulate the transmutation behavior of 129I. After irradiation, 128Xe in the target was determinate with online isotope dilution method by Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (QMS), so that the transmutation rate and release rate could be calculated. Release behaviors of 128Xe were investigated through melting and step-heated modes. The stepwise heating experiment was done by puncturing method. The result shows the release rate in melting mode is 99.9% (RSD = 1%) and increases with the temperature in stepwise heating mode. The technique proposed in this work is suitable for accurate determination of transmutation rate of 129I.


The development of computer technology has promoted the widespread application of unmanned technology. Remote monitoring of wireless devices is an application of unmanned technology. To improve the remote monitoring of wireless devices, this study establishes a remote monitoring and decision-making framework based on wireless communication systems. With the wireless communication system, signals that characterize the operating status of devices can be obtained in real-time. Based on the collected signals, the remote monitoring system can identify the current health status of wireless devices, thereby providing auxiliary decision-making for device operation. In the case study, the main engine of an unmanned surface vehicle is used as the study object. The results show that most of the relative errors corresponding to the state identification results of the established remote monitoring framework are within 5%. Moreover, the results present that the linear correlation coefficients between the predicted and real results are greater than 0.95. Therefore, the established remote monitoring framework based on the wireless communication system has good reliability in the state identification of wireless devices.


Formulas are derived for magnetic-dipole Coulomb excitation, including spin effects. Numerical results are presented graphically. The mixed $M1\ensuremath{-}E2$ transitions are similarly discussed, and the simple pure-mixed analysis is shown to apply except for anomalous cases of slight interest.A classical approximation is discussed in detail, and applied to higher multipoles.


Methods for making high quality measurements of the volatility of binary mixtures are readily available [2]; however, most fluids which are useful to us, like fuels, contain many, many more components. Building on the successful development and widespread implementation of the Advanced Distillation Curve (ADC) approach to measuring the volatility of complex fluids [1], the ADC-Reflux or ADC-R metrology was developed to address the gap in our ability to experimentally determine the vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) of such fluids. The ADC protocol collects pressure, temperature, and vapor composition data; the ADC-R adds a liquid composition measurement, the fourth and final piece necessary for the determination of VLE. Two simple mixtures were used to demonstrate the ADC-R method: a decane + tetradecane binary mixture [1] and the Huber-Bruno surrogate, a ternary mixture developed to represent the volatility of an aviation turbine kerosene [3]. The low-uncertainty experimental T-P-x-y data were in very good agreement with model predictions for both mixtures. The data were also used to improve the binary interaction parameters used in modeling. We conclude that the ADC-R is an appropriate method for measuring the T-P-x-y behavior of complex and polydisperse fluids relevant to real world applications.


d-Mannitol is a typical polymorphic crystalline compound. In this paper, this polymorphic transformation from the α to the β form of mannitol is monitored by in situ Raman spectroscopy, focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) and particle vision measurement (PVM). The standard Raman spectra of the two polymorphs of mannitol were determined and the characteristic peaks for the different polymorphs were chosen to track the transformation process. By combining Raman with FBRM and PVM, relationships between fine particles and metastable form dissolution and also between coarse particles and stable form crystallization could be defined. The solution-mediated polymorphic transformation mechanism was confirmed by these in situ tools. The effect of temperature, solvent and substrate mass on the transformation time was also investigated. It was noted that operating temperature and solvent composition have a significant influence on the transformation time.


Many crisis response and recovery efforts require choosing locations in order to deliver needed materials and services. Automated methods can help choose optimal locations for relief camps, field hospitals, command centers, and other critical relief infrastructure. However, current information technology tools for siting relief infrastructure suffer from exposing too much complexity to the user. We are developing a tool, CR-Site, which we hope will serve as an exemplar of an emergency siting tool that eliminates unnecessary complexity, while exposing necessary parameters. In this paper, we describe the technical design and user workflow for CR-Site and provide a case study for the functionality provided by CR-Site.


This paper deals with educational status and postnatal care practices and the association of educational status and postnatal care practices of Dalit and Janajati women of Nepal. The result shows that literacy rate of respondents was 51.4 percent which is lower than the national level women literary rate 57.4 percent of Nepal. PNC (Postnatal Care) visit of Dalits and Janajatis women who visited three times during postnatal period were found to be 36 percent in survey area. PNC visit of respondents is less frequent than the national level PNC checkup (55 percent). Thus, it is recommended that Dalit and Janjati mothers who come for antenatal check up should be provided with adequate information about availability of safe delivery incentive, incentive for postnatal checkup and free health services provided by government of Nepal. Academic Voices Vol.5 2015: 22-27


This Article examines the change over the past few decades in U.S. law and societal attitudes concerning a worker's right to job-protected, paid leave. Though common around the world, job-protected, paid leave eludes the U.S. workforce. The authors begin by considering the concept of work, its relation to identity, and the construction of safety nets for workers when they need income replacement. The Article considers the movement to establish job-protected, paid leave that encompasses and values a worker's work, family, and personal life. The modern movement originated with pregnant workers' need for time away from work during pregnancy. Women who believed that employer policies had discriminated against them on account of pregnancy did not fare well in early cases. As a response Congress enacted the Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) in 1978, amending Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and defining discrimination on account of pregnancy as prohibited sex discrimination. This amendment set the stage for California Federal Savings & Loan Association v. Guerra and a debate on the meaning of equality for women in the workplace. Lillian Garland's pregnancy served as the catalyst for this debate which fueled a long-term California coalition. The Article discusses the legislative efforts in California over the last thirty years to expand workplace protections, accommodations, and benefits. It concludes by reflecting on social change through the lens of this movement to provide a coherent and comprehensive safety net for all workers.


Tunnelling is a key activity in infrastructure projects, mine development and production. The speed of tunnelling has always been important, especially in underground constructions where the profi ...


A newly developed impregnation method to incorporate a large quantity of iron oxide into mesoporous silica hosts has been successfully employed to synthesize highly monodispersed magnetic iron oxide/silica nanocomposite spheres, which can directly serve as building blocks to form a three-dimensionally ordered structure through self-assembly.


A nanocrystalline Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy was synthesized by mechanically milling at cryogenic temperature (cryomilling). The effect of cryomilling process on the microsturcture, phase transformation in solid, grain size and microstrain of this alloy was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). During the cryomilling, the second phase MgZn2 was gradually disappeared and ultimately super-saturated to α-Al. With increasing milling time, the grain size of the alloy decreased sharply. Howerver there were still a few coase grains in the core of powders after low-speed (200r•min^(1)) cryomilling for 10 h. Contrastively, high speed (400r•min^(1)) cryomilling could result in more uniform nanometer grains. According to the XRD results, the average grain size was 45 nm after low speed cryomilling for 6 h and kept stable until 10 h, but the average grain size reduced to 34 nm after farther high speed cryomilling for 5 h. The microstrain increased gradually to a maximum, and then fell off along the milling processing.


The transdermal drug delivery system is widely accepted due to its numerous advantages as it is a non-invasive drug administration process with prolonged therapeutic effect, reduced side effects, improved bioavailability, better patient compliance, and easy termination of drug therapy. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as Diclofenac sodium, Lornoxicam, Aceclofenac, Ibuprofen, antihypertensive drugs, for example, Repaglinide, Atenolol, and Antiviral agents such as Stavudine, zidovudine represents the most commonly used medications for the treatment of pain and inflammatory reaction but various side effects can limit their use. Therefore, transdermal delivery of these drugs has advantages of avoiding hepatic first-pass effect, gastric irritation and delivering the drug for an extended period of time at a sustained level. The present article mainly focuses on the work been done on these drugs by formulated and delivered as transdermal patches to decrease the side effects related to the oral delivery.


To supplement the findings of the Sachar committee report current study explores the changing dynamics of trend and composition of employment of Muslims in India during last two decades. Analysis of employment trends shows that there is a decline in labour force participation of Muslims during the recent two decades, both in rural as well as in urban areas. Muslims are concentrated in self-employment activities and a small fraction is involved in regular jobs. Share of Muslim males in both rural and urban areas in self-employment increased significantly while in regular/salaried jobs declined over the period 1993-94 to 2004-05. Further analysis suggests level of education of Muslims is not related with participation in salaried jobs. Study recommends non-quota based affirmative action policies in employment and education for the community with strong political will both at the central as well as state levels.


In order to simulate output state of acceleration in process of ship model motion,apply combination of static output of accelerometer and dynamic output of rotating-platform rotation to achieve the goal.Using the least square method,damped least square method and Isight data optimization method to process measurement datas and obtain calibration parameters of accelerometers,which makes calibrated accelerometer achieve precision of engineering application.


Automakers have been among the first western firms to enter Central and Eastern Europe. In automobile production and distribution, International Production Networks (IPNs) linking West and East Europe are emerging. The international networking strategies of the car manufacturers, however, show remarkable differences. Some rate the CEEC region primarily as a market, some as a production site, some try to aim at both. These differences are triggered by the domestic bargaining setting (the 'car complex') of these firms, by the dynamics of the internationalisation process itself, and by the reception in the host countries. Four different types of cross-national production networks in Europe have developed in the course of the 1990s: frontrunner, follower, peripheral and lock-out networks. These networks represent decreasing degrees of involvement in the CEEC region. Consequently, countries in Central and Eastern Europe will have different prospects of integrating into the European Union and developing autonomous domestic industrial structures. The radically altered patterns of intra-European trade further illustrates the importance of the intra-European production networks.


Phycocyanin and chlorophyll⁃a are characterizations of cyanobacterial biomass. These two pigments are detected in situ with fluorescence spectrum method or fluorescence intensity. However, due to the fluorescence interference between phycocyanin and chlorophyll⁃a, the accuracy of in⁃situ detection of cyanobacteria is relatively low, which limited the application of this method. In this study, we developed a novel method of fluorescence analysis based on a two⁃order matrix model and a multivariate calibra⁃ tion linear model for the correlation between the fluorescence intensity and pigment concentration, which was verified by experi⁃ ment. The established method decoupled the two mixed pigments as well as quantitatively analyzed the wavelength selection of exci⁃ tation and emission and largely eliminated the fluorescence interference between phycocyanin and chlorophyll⁃a, and therefore, sig⁃ nificantly improved the accuracy of in⁃situ detection of cyanobacteria. More importantly, our study can provide theoretical basis for the cyanobacteria detection sensor in how to select wavelengths.


Dr. Breed thinks that we have in nitrate of strychnine a rem edy for alcoholism that is safer, and at the same time gives as good results as the gold-cure, Keeley cure, silver-ash cure, etc. It is a treatment that is no secret, and can be used by the pro fession generally. This drug removes the desire for alcoholic stimulation for, as yet, an undetermined length of time without the least effort on the part of the patient; though, of course, it cannot oblige a man to abstain if he is determined to continue the use of alcohol. Nitrate of strychnine removes the distress and gnawing at the epigastrium so common upon the withdrawal of alcohol; it tones up the nervous system and allays tremulous ness and uncertainty of voluntary motions ; it restores the appe tite and general physical vigor and is, incidentally, a good heart tonic. These latter effects restore hope and self-confidence in the patient, and these in turn aid much in his recovery.—Medical News.


The condition of family life whereby there is divorce or separation will either mentally or psychologically affect children in the family that becomes more obvious as the children grow up. Moreover when there are other factors that support the behavior.To identify association between sexual behavior of senior high school teenagers and marital status of parents at Mataram Municipality Nusa. Data analysis used chi square (χ²) and logistic regression at confidence interval 95%.Result: Marital status of parents was significantly associated with sexual behavior of teenagers with p-value 0.0001 and PR 2.03 (CI 95% 1.65-2.50). The result of bivariate analysis showed significant association between variable of peers' influence with p value 0.0001 and PR 2.40 (CI95% 1.90-3.04) and variable of mass media exposure with p-value 0.0001 and PR 3.92 (CI 95% 2.42-6.36) and sexual behavior of teenagers. The result of logistic regression analysis showed marital status of divorced parents had the probability of increasing sexual behavior of teenagers as much as 19% after being controlled by variables of peers' influence and mass media exposure.Conclusion: Marital status of parents was associated with sexual behavior of teenagers. Teenagers whose parents were divorced had the probability for higher sexual behavior than those whose parents were not divorced. Keywords : sexual behavior, teenagers, marital status, senior high school


Technological change has affected most of rural non-farm enterprises with many positive and negative social and economic consequences. This study investigated the extent of this change and the linkage implications of the change on the rural economy of southeastern Nigeria. It also attempted assessing technical change in relation to the perceived negative consequences, to find out if the change was neutral and/or biased to those consequences. A total of 200 non-farm entrepreneurs randomly selected from 10 rural communities in 5 out of 9 states of southeastern Nigeria provided the quantitative data. Quantitative data and qualitative data were collected using interview schedules and focus group discussion (FGD) guide respectively. Analysis of quantitative data was by the use of descriptive statistics, cross tabulations, and factor analysis. Analysis of qualitative data was by folk interpretation and verbatim quoting of discussants views. Analysis showed that some personal socio-economic attributes of the rural entrepreneurs affected their technological adoption and use behavior, which were regarded as negative consequences rather than wrong use of technology. Varimax rotated factor matrix of non-farm variables were used to identify and name factors that need urgent technology policy intervention. These include cost of new technology, wrong adoption of technology, non awareness of new technological packages, perception of traditional technology as superior to improved technology among others. Some of the effects of technological change were adjudged neutral while some were taken as biased to the problems of the rural enterprises. Three types of rural linkages identified in the area were: consumption, backward and forward production linkages, and their implications on technological change and the rural economy were highlighted.