Studies of ancient sport are flourishing. In Europe we have two specialized and unfortunately even competing periodicals (Nikephoros and Stadion), on the North-American continent we notice the Canadian Journal of History of Sport, the International Journal of the History of Sport and the Journal of Sport History. These periodicals admittedly cover the history o f sport from the earliest time up to the twentieth century, but antiquity plays an important role in their volumes. The history o f sport actually is one of the very few fields of study, where a diachronic, comparative approach has been institutionalized, at least on the level of periodicals. W. Decker's Jahresbibliographie zum Sport im Altertum', regularly appearing in Nikephoros, shows how abundant and apparently never-ending the flow of books and articles on the world of ancient sport is. In our era o f (overP-)specialization and overproduction it is particularly salutary to draw the readers' attention to two monographs which, both written by German scholars, each in their own way provide welcome summaries o f the state of our knowledge of various aspects of the history of Graeco-Roman sport. W. Decker's book is a balanced text-book for years to come, whereas S. Müller focuses on one very important aspect of the history o f sport, viz. its ideological justification in the face of a current of rather hostile (but in the end, rather ineffective) criticism of ancient sport. Both authors are firmly convinced that it is precisely in the realm of sport that the Graeco-Roman and our contemporary world have much in common. Whereas Decker restricts himself to a few introductory remarks about the ,eternal' Olympic Games and the heavily achievement(,Leistung') and competition-oriented character of ancient and modern sport, Müller's approach is more systematic and sociological. He starts from A. Guttmann's seven criteria (secularization; equality of chances; specialization; rationalization; bureaucratization; quantification and ,record'-ization) and argues that except for the last two, ancient sport complies with these criteria. As to the two exceptions, one might argue that, although it is true to say with Müller, that the modern habit o f measuring sport-achievements in time and distance was unknown to the ancients, there nevertheless was a sort o f .qualitative' record-awareness, which was not satisfied with simply


Presently we have doped TiO2 nano particles (particle size < 100nm) as N type semiconductor onto P-type organic semiconductor Poly [2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV). Numerous P-N junctions are created at the interface of nanoparticle and polymer matrix forming a bulk hetero junction photoactive blend. The donor MEH-PPV polymer matrix is modulated by adding TiO2 nano particles at 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 weight ratio in Chloro-Benzene (CB) as the solvent and glass-coated nanocomposite films are prepared by solution cast method. The samples are analyzed by JASCO UV Vis NIR V 670 spectrometer. With the increased weight content of TiO2 in the composite, broadening of absorption curve is observed indicating the reduction in the band gap .Onset wavelengths determined from Tauc's plot for 3:1, 1:1, 1:3 P-N junctions are 589.62nm, 605.32nm, 619.96nm with respective band gaps of 2,1eV, 2.04, 2.0 7eV. Among the samples, 1:3 composite has the broad spectral sensitivity for absorption and considered as the best photoactive blend. Fluorescence study is also carried at an exciting wavelength of 340nm and the samples are emissive at about 590nm. The Intensity of emission decreases with increase in the doping level of nano particles indicating the quenching of fluorescence with nano concentration. Quenched fluorescence enhances the photon dissociation as charged carriers. SEMimages confirmed the formation of P-N junctions and XRD studies account for the semicrystalline character of the blend. Construction of the solar cellwith the optimized 1:3 MEH:TiO2 blend is the work under progress.


The talent competition is hotel's ultimate competition.How to effectively motivate managers to improve their work enthusiasm and initiative is the important issue of the hotel human resources management.The hotel manager's self-efficacy is influenced by personal attributes with regularity.The results show that manager's gender,education level,service years and job position significantly affect their self-efficacy;manager's job satisfaction has direct prediction effect on their turnover intention,while self-efficacy affects turnover intention mainly through job satisfaction which plays the intermediary role.Finally,this paper proposes future research prospects.


We study how people make inferences and change their behaviors in response to government information and actions using several online information experiments du


A study investigating sexual harassment was conducted among 265 female hospital workers in Italy. Three types of sexual harassment were studied: gender harassment, unwanted sexual attention, and sexual coercion. In the 12 months preceding the study, 42% of the respondents had experienced at least one type of harassment from colleagues, 29% from patients, and 54% from both. Sexual coercion was reported by 3% of respondents and was perpetrated only by colleagues. Harassment by colleagues was more common among women in authority positions and among women with financial worries or recent domestic violence. Harassment by patients was more common among nurses and night shift workers.


Frequent accidents of coal mine gas cause huge losses to people′s lives and property.To Study the obstacles′ influence on the gas explosion is important for preventing and reducing the hazard.Horizontal pipeline explosion test equipment with L/D ratio of 70 was employed in studying the impact of the number of obstacles,the blocking rate and the distances of obstacles on the gas explosion at normal temperature and atmosphere.The results showed that: obstacles have significant incentive effects on gas explosion,effects of the number and the blocking rate are obvious,but effects of the distances are small.The results of the test provided some reference value on preventing and controlling the accidents of gas explosion.


A nonparametric method in operations research is data envelopment analyses (DEA) to measure the relative efficiency of a set of peer units called decision making units (DMUs). DEA does not require many assumptions and provides a number of additional opportunities for use in many different kinds of entities, activities, contexts and countries. However, there is a shortcoming to benchmark the DMUs with some integer values for inputs or outputs; such as the number of vehicles, passengers, published books and so on. This study discusses the previous proposed models for data with integer values and shows their shortcomings. | Data envelopment analysis | Benchmarking | Decision making units | Integer values |


Through an exemplary case carefully selected and based on the Windows platform, this article unfolds discussion on the designing methods of a managerial and information system for a sports meet.


In order to solve the problem of wind abandoning for micro-grid in the heating season. Adding electric boiler and thermal storage device to micro-grid and using configuration strategy is an effective way, the effective configuration scheme is also very important to it. A two-layer model optimization method that introduces scheduling in configuration is proposed, the models and constraints of the main units in the micro-grid are given, the upper layer aims to minimize the sum of the total operation cost and configuration and maintenance cost of the micro-grid during the heating period, the lower layer aims to minimize the integrated operation cost of the 24-hour micro-grid. Simulation results show that, the proposed method can effectively reduce the operation cost and wind abandoning power of micro-grid, the optimal configuration scheme is obtained.


The market for Internet of Things (IoT) products and services has grown rapidly. It has been predicted that the deployment of these IoT applications will grow exponentially in the near future. However, the rapid growth of IoT brings new security risks and potentially opens new types of attacks for systems and networks. This article outlines various techniques for detecting known attacks in ZigBee-based IoT systems. We introduced an Detection System (IDS) specific for ZigBee using data analytics method, that are used to provide an accurate detection method for known attacks. This article looks at our IDS implementation covering a wide variety of detection techniques to detect known attacks ZigBee IoT systems.


Establishing the generality of any new preparative method is important for its future usefulness in applications of interest. In this paper, we build on results reported earlier for the formation of nanostructured ultrathin films from macromolecular precursors (a particular cationic polyelectrolyte and inorganic sheet silicate) by demonstrating that the method can readily be adapted to different polymers and more complex adsorption schemes. In particular, we used ellipsometry to monitor the regular growth of films incorporating poly(D-lysine hydrobromide) or poly( N -methyl-4-vinylpyridinium bromide) (PMVP) and hectorite. For the PMVP/ hectorite films, X-ray diffraction confirmed the presence of structural order by revealing a lattice spacing of 1.5 nm.


Introduction: Women and Sport or Women's Sport? 1. Victorian Sporting Variety, Women's Education and Writing 2. The Olympic Games, Popular Imperialism and the "Woman Question" 3. An Age of Speed 4. Football Interconnections and Olympic Parallels 5. "For the Most Part, the Team Was Given Private Hospitality of the Most Lavish Sort": Women's Hockey, Brooklands and Aspects of Empire 6. Women, Sport and Culture: From the 1948 London Olympic Games to Rome 1960. Conclusion. Appendix 1: Clubs Belonging to the All England Women's Hockey Association in the 1899-1900 Season and Their Colours. Appendix 2: Dorothy Gwyn Jeffreys Winifred Gwyn Jeffreys and Edith M. Thomson Hockey Jottings (unpublished: Kensington, London circa 1898). All England Women's Hockey Association (AEWHA) File D/1/ 1 Bath University Archive and Special Collections, Bath. Appendix 3: Women's Participation in the Modern Olympic Summer Games 1896-2004. Appendix 4: Schedule of International Federation of Women's Hockey Associations (IFWHA) Conferences 1930-1983. Appendix 5: Scotland versus Ireland Programme 23 March 1935 at Glasgow High Schools' Club Ground, Old Anniesland. Appendix 6: Wales versus England Programme 10 March 1935 Merton Abbey, Wimbledon. Appendix 7: England V South Africa Programme 28 November 1936 Merton Abbey, Wimbledon. Appendix 8: The Brooklands Racing Careers of Some Prominent Women Drivers Between 1920-1938.


Presently metro in our country has higher rate of passengers as a public transportation of urban area than other transportations. And road is under very restrictive condition to be expanded in many aspects because the streets are completely choked. Therefore increase of capacity in metro and reduction of headway has been seriously required and utmost efforts has been taken by related fields to meet the requirements. The concept of CBTC system came out from this background. CBTC system can be implemented to detect the train location without using the track circuits. It has many advantages in aspects of signalling equipments build-up and maintenance. This study investigated examples of radio communication system and applicable standard norms in other countries. And it also reviewed the suggestion for the establishment of radio frequency and radio network to be considered for application train control system by radio under Korean metro environment.


The relationship between snow tolerance and growth characteristics in early winter was investigated using 41 varieties of broad bean. Varietal differences in snow tolerance were detected after 36 and 61 days of continuous snow cover. After 61 days of snow cover, only 2 varieties survived and 39 varieties were injured seriously. After 36 days of snow cover, 4 varieties were injured seriously but 37 varieties survived. The 41 varieties examined were classified into 3 groups based on their snow tolerance; hardy, intermediate and susceptible. To breed a snow tolerant variety, varieties in each group were bred under similar environmental condition. Several significant correlations were recognized between the degree of snow injury and some growth characteristics in early winter. The hardy varieties had a short plant length, light fresh and dry weights of foliage, high percentage of dry weight of foliage and late floral differentiation, whereas the susceptible varieties showed opposite tendencies. In the susceptible group, floral differentiation started in the early stage of growth and the floral buds developed markaedly before winter, suggesting that the susceptible varieties belong to spring type of broad bean. These results show that the varietal difference in snow tolerance of broad bean is closely correlated with the development of floral differentiation and morphological characters at early winter.


Steganography is a technique that is used to secret information in a cover media that ensure the secrete of messages and their existence, not notice from others. A blind steganography means that secret information can be extracted without need the original cover image. Different types of media are used as a cover in stenography techniques, such as text, image, audio or video. One of these techniques was the image that created by using algebraic Fractals, Julia set is a type of algebraic fractal, which it can be used as a cover to embedded text or images in blind steganography technique. This method used in many thesis and papers. The aim of this paper focuses on the weak points and limitations of using fractal images, especially Julia sets images, as a cover in steganography system that may contribute in detect the hidden information within these images. The importance of this paper, it gives a hint to steganography system designer to avoid these weak points which threat the security of their systems.


Bilingual programs have become more common in higher education around the world in an attempt to provide learners with the education they need to face today's world. These programs can provide academic, linguistic, intercultural, and professional benefits to students. Consequently, countries like Spain have developed bilingual education to help students become proficient in foreign languages and develop essential competences for their professional futures. Research has analysed how Spanish bilingual education is implemented, and how teachers are trained. However, few studies examine how bilingual programs impact graduates' employability, mobility, and intercultural awareness, and how graduates perceive their skill development. Moreover, little has been studied about bilingual graduates' work situation and whether participating in these programs has helped them find work abroad. This paper analyses whether a combination of participation in Spanish bilingual programs, employment, and experiences working abroad affects bilingual education graduates' self-perceived employability, mobility, and intercultural awareness. This study adopts a quantitative approach, in which 741 respondents participated. Findings show that bilingual graduates who are currently working have higher self-perceived employability and better perceptions of their mobility and employability competences than those who followed monolingual studies, even when they have not worked abroad.


The traditional petroleum theory is helpful to search oil in sedimentary rocks.However,as oil-gas exploration has been intensively concentrated on sedimentary regions,the oil-bearing sedimentary regions become less and less.To look for oil in non-sedimentary areas caught more and more attention.This paper analyzes the oil-gas potential in the volcanic rocks worldwide,and studies the oil-gas reservoir formation conditions of volcanic rocks in basins.The volcanic-hosted oil-gas reservoir is normally located at the lower sequences,where with a low exploration but high potential shall be a new vital oil-gas exploration area.Some volcanic basins in circum-Pacific,Mediterranean sea and middle Asia are of good oil-gas reservoir-forming conditions,where can become the major areas for volcanic-hosted oil-gas.


Wind turbine is a device that can be used to convert the kinetic energy in wind into mechanical energy and mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy via generator. Mechanism for utilization wind energy to generate electric power is a positive step because the energy is not polluting and environmentally friendly. Loopwing wind turbine with addition of a diffuser is one kind of wind turbine that is currently still in the research stage for increased efficiency due to blde shaped loop and have a sufficient number of blades to catch the wind kinetic energy that can be converted into mechanical energy and electrical energy. Loop-shaped blade design is very suitable for the area or areas that have the potential for low wind speed. This study was a laboratory scale in order to determine the performance of the wind turbine blade looopwing with addition diffuser and influence of wind speed variation on the torque and power generated as well as variations in the transmission gears are suitable for use in a DC generator that has a frequency of 500 rpm rotation and torque <0.2 Nm. Mechanisms of testing performed using 3 watt incandescent DC as a resistor and load measurement using a balance of weigh to determine the maximum torque and maximum power. From the experimental results, on the wind speed is 6.50 m / sec obtained maximum power and maximum torque of 0,09 Nm and 0,179W for transmission gear ratio,i=0,94


Because Kidd, Kidd, and George in 1992 reported that owners' ignorance of species-specific animal behaviors, unrealistic expectations for the roles pets play in their children's lives, and expense and time required for ownership and caretaking are major reasons why many cats and dogs are adopted from humane societies and then rejected each year, it is important to assess whether better education of prospective adopters increases retention of pets. Since veterinarians in private practice deal with clients more closely, answering questions, discussing training methods, and helping with problems and difficulties before or after they arise, we hypothesized that veterinarians' clients would reject significantly fewer newly adopted pets and have significantly fewer unreasonable expectations for roles pets would play in their children's lives than would humane society adopters. 18 male and 57 female clients completed a demographic questionnaire and George's 1989 Pet Expectations Inventory, which rates the physical and emotional impact of roles pets are expected to play in their lives, and the 5 fathers and 26 mothers also rated the roles expected to affect their children's lives. At six months, follow-up phone calls ascertained whether clients still had the newly adopted pets and if not, why not. Analysis showed that veterinarians' clients rejected significantly fewer pets and had fewer unreasonable expectations for pets' roles in their own and their children's lives than did humane society adopters.


It is inseparable to run a country with both morality and laws.Their close combination is the inner demand of socialistic legal construction.Moral administration provides legal administration with ethical foundation and each link of legal construction need the direction of morality.Whereas,legal administration supplies moral administration with powerful legal support and assurance.Moral administration is an important step in the general framework of a law\|ruled country.Administering a country with both morality and laws should be unified in the process of running a country according to laws.


【Objective】 To investigate the clinical significance of frontier and posterior internal fixation in treating nodule in thoracolumbar.【Methods】 40 cases of patients with nodule in thoracolumbar,of which 20 cases underwent frontier internal fixation called therapy group,and 20 cases underwent surgery in posterior called control group,were enrolled in the study.The time of surgery,bleeding quantity in surgery and recovery condition were analyzed.【Results】 The surgery time and bleeding quantity of posterior surgery were obviously less than frontier surgery(P0.05).There were no significant differences between two groups in efficacy.【Conclusion】 The posterior internal fixation shows advantages in shorter surgery time and less bleeding quantity.While the frontier surgery has a longer surgery time and bigger bleeding quantity which needs better recovery rate of bone fusion after clean the focus.The surgery routine should be taken into consideration for decreasing patients' pain.


The porphyrias are a group of metabolic diseases characterized by the abnormal production and excretion of porphyrins. The clinical diagnosis of porphyria is based on the qualitative and quantitative determination of the pattern of excreted porphyrins which has been shown to be characteristic of the type of porphyria (1). The analytical methods currently used for porphyrin analysis are difficult, laborious and expensive. We recently (2) developed a high pressure liquid chromatographic technique for the quantitative analysis of the urinary porphyrins. We have now studied the application of a high pressure liquid chromatographic method to the analysis of fecal porphyrins, which may include, besides the 2 to 8 carboxylated compounds, a heterogeneous group of sub-uroporphyrin compounds (3,4).


Physical efficiency (PE) of mice under normal conditions was being increased with the help of 4 substances out of 8 physiologically compatible antioxidants (PCAO) under study and with the help of 3 of them after hyperthermic influence. The greatest effect was produced by the derivative of ascorbic acid nQ-461 in cipher. This derivative with the range of effective doses (1-50 mg/kg) and actoprotector activity (22-62% increase in PE) considerably exceeds other studied substances and actoprotector Bemithylum. 84


EDITOR,—S P Harding and colleagues' detailed quantitative evidence showing the capabilities of direct ophthalmology and retinal photography is an important step in the establishment of worthwhile screening.1 Their emphasis on the photographic improvements obtained with dilatation of the pupil and use of 35 mm film in place of …


MONOMEROS amphiphilic WITH MIXED STRUCTURES IN CHAIN OF FORMULA (FORMULA I), wherein: Y is --O-- or --NH--; X a group of formula - (CH2) n- or - (CH2-CH2-O) N-; I is an integer from 0 to 10; N is an integer of 1 to 10; R1 is hydrogen, methyl, cloror, cyano, fluorine or bromine; R2 a C1-C22, or a fluoro C1-C24 alkyl and R3 C8-C24 OR C24-C8 fluoroalkyl, quibbling WITH GROUPS THAT R2 and R3 contain a different number of carbon atoms monomers polymerize alone or in conjunction with other co-monomers. DERIVED POLYMERS ARE PROVIDED FOR OBTAINING ULTRAFINE LAYER on a suitable support.


Roger Vergauwen seeks to provide an answer to the question, 'How does language connect to the world?' He begins with the recent developments in formal semantics and from them constructs his own 'theory of reference' with which he considers the nature of the correspondence of the world. The author locates his metalogics between the philosophy of language and epistemology while he covers a range of models from Plato to Wittgenstein. Vergauwen assumes no previous technical or logical study. Contents: Introduction: The Temperature of a Hot Topic; The Tarski Program: Hijacking the Truth about Reference; Reference and Theory of Reference; Inside Out: Reference and Metalogic; Outline of a Logic with Non-Standard Meanings.


Britain's Christian landscape has a definitive imprint of African and Caribbean Christianities. The growth and proliferation of Black Majority Churches in Britain in the last one hundred years attest to the tenacity and gradual acceptance of the Pentecostal stream within Britain's chequered church history. Religion is now a major motor in migration as most migrants now sacralise their migration and place minimal emphasis on economic motivations. In spite of their religious subscriptions, African and Caribbean Christians also carry their socio-cultural backpacks to the West. This has resulted in the emergence of Christianities that are reflective of African and Caribbean cosmologies. This article gives an overview of the origin of Black Majority Churches in Britain and the role of globalisation and migration in identity formation within these churches whilst also examining the distinctive socio-religious praxis of the amazing Black church movement in Britain.


Tourist-based activities, partly due to their rapid increase, have raised concerns regarding the impacts of anthropogenic activity on marine fauna. Documented effects on pinnipeds in proximity to humans include changes in behaviour, site use and potentially higher aggression levels towards people. Effects vary considerably between populations and sites, thus requiring separate assessment of human impacts on activity and energy budgets.
Responses of the endangered Australian sea lion, Neophoca cinerea, to human visitation were recorded from November 2013 through April 2014. Exposure levels and response types to anthropogenic activities were assessed at two easily accessible locations with different management schemes, Seal (landing prohibited) and Carnac (landing permitted) islands, Western Australia. Exposure levels were measured as both stimulus type (i.e. 'People', 'Paddlers', 'Small', 'Medium', and 'Large vessels', 'Tour vessels', and 'Jet skies'), and people ('Direct', 'Attract', 'Interact', 'View', 'Incidental', 'Water', 'Low-level'), and vessel activities ('Interact', 'Approach/Follow', 'Anchor noise', 'Engine noise', 'Close to beach', 'Moderate/Fast travel', 'Slow travel', 'Transit', 'Drift/At anchor', 'Aircraft noise').
Exposure levels varied significantly between the islands in numbers, stimuli type, duration and minimum approach distances. The instantaneous behaviours of 'Lift head', 'Interact' and 'Sit' were the most frequent responses. 'Aggressive' and 'Retreat' responses, the highest disturbance levels measured, occurred on Carnac approximately once per day, but rarely on Seal Island. 'Aggressive' behaviour towards 'People' was observed only on Carnac Island and elicited only by 'People'. 'People', 'Tour vessels', and scenic 'Aircrafts' on both islands as well as 'Jet skis' on Carnac Island had the highest probability of triggering responses. Owing to their relatively high visitation at Seal Island, 'Paddle powered vessels', followed by 'Tour vessels' elicited the highest number of responses, compared with 'People', 'Small', and 'Medium vessels' at Carnac Island. The majority of responses occurred when any stimulus type was at short-range (≤10 m), and 'People' 'Viewing' N. cinerea elicited most. Vessels triggered more responses at larger ranges than 'People'.
To limit close-range access to N. cinerea, one possibility is to close the beach at Carnac Island to human visitation and increase the minimum approach distance by vessels and 'People' by installing marker buoys at least 15 m from the shore.


Social airborne sensing (SAS) is emerging as a new sensing paradigm that leverages the complementary aspects of social sensing and airborne sensing (i.e., UAVs) for reliable information collection. In this paper, we present HeteroSAS, a heterogeneous resource management framework for "all-in-the-air" SAS in disaster response applications. Current SAS approaches use UAVs to only capture data, but carry out computation on ground-based processing nodes that may be unavailable in disaster scenarios and thus consider a single model of UAV along with only one type of task (i.e., data capture). In this paper, we explore the opportunity to exploit the complementary strengths of different UAV models to accomplish all stages of sensing tasks (i.e., data capturing, maneuvering, and computation) exclusively "in-the-air". However, several challenges exist in developing such a resource management framework: i) handling the uncertain social signals in presence of the heterogeneity of UAVs and tasks; and ii) adapting to constantly changing cyber-physical-social environments. The HeteroSAS framework addresses these challenges by building a novel resource management framework that observes the environment and learns the optimal strategy for each UAV using techniques from multi-agent reinforcement learning, game theory, and ensemble learning. The evaluation with a real-world case study shows that HeteroSAS outperforms the state-of-the-art in terms of detection effectiveness, deadline hit rate, and robustness on heterogeneity.


There is no question that the international development community is excited about the potential of new and innovative partnerships to address sustainable development challenges. Much attention has focused on the private sector and the possibilities offered by increased engagement for improved development solutions. The private sector is seen as a source of innovation, expertise, effectiveness, long-term business solutions, and perhaps, most importantly, finance in future sustainable development efforts. Combined with declining aid resources and significant global development and environmental challenges, the private sector presents donors with a potential way to harness each aid dollar and demonstrate value-for-money to taxpayers.


Interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) receptor knock‐out (IFN‐γR−/−) mice were used to analyse the role of IFN‐γ in mucosal immune responses following oral immunization. We found that the IFN‐γR−/− mice demonstrated 50% reduced spot‐forming cell (SFC) responses in the gut lamina propria and spleen after oral immunization with keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) plus cholera toxin (CT) adjuvant. The IFN‐γR−/− mice exhibited 10‐fold reduced total serum KLH‐specific antibody levels compared with wild‐type mice after oral immunization, while after intravenous immunization, no such difference was seen, suggesting a selective impairment of mucosal immune responses. Moreover, oral immunizations resulted in impaired interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), IL‐10 and IFN‐γ production by spleen T cells from IFN‐γR−/− mice, indicating that no reciprocal up‐regulation of Th2‐activities had occurred despite the lack of IFN‐γR function. No reduction in Th1 or Th2 cytokines was observed following systemic immunizations. Despite potentially strong modulating effects of IFN‐γ on epithelial cell IgA transcytosis and electrolyte barrier functions, CT‐immunized IFN‐γR−/− mice demonstrated unaltered protection against CT in ligated intestinal loops together with normal anti‐CT IgA and total IgA levels in gut lavage. Oral feeding with KLH followed by parenteral immunization resulted in strongly suppressed SFC numbers and reduced cell‐mediated immunity in both wild‐type and IFNγR−/− mice. CT‐adjuvant abrogated induction of oral tolerance in both IFN‐γR−/− and wild‐type mice. Collectively, our data argue that the two major response patterns induced by oral administration of protein antigen, i.e. active IgA immunity and oral tolerance, are differently regulated. Thus, IFN‐γR−/− mice have impaired mucosal immune responses while induction of oral tolerance appears to be unaffected by the lack of IFN‐γ functions.


The onset of convection due to a nonlinear and time-dependent temperature stratification in a saturated porous medium with upper and lower free surfaces is considered. The initial parabolic temperature distribution is due to uniform internal heating. The medium is then cooled by decreasing the upper surface temperature linearly with time. Linear stability theory is applied to the more formally developed governing equations. In order to obtain an asymptotic solution for transient problems involving very long time scales, the critical Rayleigh number for steady-state, nonlinear temperature distribution is also obtained. The effects of porosity, permeability, and Prandtl number on the time of the onset of convection are examined. The steady-state results show that the critical Rayleigh number depends only on the ratio of porosity to permeability and when this ratio exceeds a value of one thousand, the critical Rayleigh number is directly proportional to this ratio.


Many communist countries hold internal olympiads in order to identify and thereafter foster special talents. Since 1959 they have held an annual International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) for all European communist countries (except Albania) and subsequently Mongolia, Cuba and Vietnam. Non-communist countries were first invited in 1967 and France, Sweden, Italy and Great Britain accepted the invitation. Italy has dropped out and Austria, Netherlands and USA now regularly participate. Belgium, Finland and, last year, Greece have also taken part. Each country sends a maximum of eight competitors and two adults.


Objective To assess the influences of low-protein diet on the renal function and nutritional status in patients with stage 3/4 chronic kidney diseases (CKD).Methods Totally 34 patients with stage 3/4 CKD were randomly divided into group A (protein intake:0.6 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1);n=14) and B (protein intake:0.8 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1);n=20).Anthropometric measurement and blood biochemical tests were performed,nutri-tional status was assessed,and 24-hour dietary recall survey was conducted before and after the treatment.Patients were followed up for 6 months.Results In group A,the creatinine level significantly decreased (P=0.010),while albumin level (P=0.042) and the intake of energy (P=0.018) and carbohydrate (P<0.001) signifi-cantly increased after the treatment In all the 34 patients,in group A and group B,the malnutrition rates were de-creased by 14.7%,7.2%,and 21.1% after nutritional intervention.Conclusion The low-protein diet (protein intake 0.6 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)),in which part of the staple food was replaced by wheat starch,can increase the in-takes of carbohydrate and energy and improve renal function and nutritional status in patients with stage 3/4 CKD.

Key words:
chronic kidney disease; nutritional status; low-protein diet


This paper presents the stochastic seismic response analysis of offshore wind turbines subjected to multi‐support seismic excitation by using a three‐dimensional numerical finite element model considering viscous boundaries. The seawater‐offshore wind turbine‐soil interaction system is modelled by the Lagrangian (displacement‐based) fluid and solid‐quadrilateral‐isoparametric finite elements. The random seismic excitation is described by the filtered white noise model and applied to each support point of the three‐dimensional finite element model of the coupled interaction system. The research conducts a parametric study to estimate the effects of variable seawater level, different foundation soil types and support site conditions on the stochastic behaviour of the offshore wind turbine coupled interaction system. The finite element model of coupled interaction system was also analyzed to examine the effect of the surrounding ice sheet on the stochastic response of the coupled system with and without ice sheet. The results obtained for different cases are compared with each other. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


e14529 Background: High-grade (HG; poorly differentiated and undifferentiated) colon carcinoma has an increased risk of recurrence after surgical resection compared to low-grade tumors. However, th...


In this paper, some constructive properties of rough fuzzy sets are discussed, a decomposition theorem and representation theorem of rough fuzzy sets are given.


Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) is a popular algorithm in trajectory prediction research field, and it can predict the Three-Dimensional (3D) position information about longitude, latitude and altitude, but it is difficult to accurately predict the time. In order to realize the prediction of time and improve the prediction accuracy of longitude, latitude and altitude, neural network is used to model the implicit relationship from historical data, and combining the Long and Short-Term Memory neural network (LSTM) with IMM algorithm, a short-term 4D trajectory prediction method based on LSTM-IMM is proposed. IMM algorithm is used to predict 3D trajectory information about the longitude, latitude and altitude while the LSTM neural network is used to achieve the prediction of time and compensate for the longitude, latitude, and altitude predicted by the IMM algorithm to improve the prediction accuracy. In terms of time, the time interval between adjacent trajectory points is used as a feature for prediction; in terms of longitude, latitude and altitude, LSTM neural network is used to predict the error values between the trajectory predicted by IMM algorithm and the actual trajectory, and these error values are used to compensate the 3D position information predicted by IMM algorithm. The performance of the algorithm is verified by the actual flight data, the results show that this method can well predict the time of trajectory points, significantly improve the prediction accuracy of all flight stages, and has faster response speed in case of trajectory mutation.


e20720 Background: Targeted therapies are ineffective in most NSCLC patients and response rates remain < 20% for patients with advanced NSCLC on immuno-monotherapy. Predictive models that distinguish responders from non-responders to immunotherapy could help guide clinical practice. Texture analysis is a data-mining tool used to identify intensity patterns in diagnostic imaging. We hypothesized that texture features on pre-immunotherapy CT imaging can be associated with clinical outcomes for patients with advanced NSCLC treated with Nivolumab. Methods: In an IRB-approved database containing 159 patients with advanced NSCLC treated with Nivolumab monotherapy, 20 patients with the longest overall survival (OS) and 20 with the shortest were selected for retrospective analysis. Patient characteristics were compared using paired t-tests. The last pre-immunotherapy PET CT for each patient was transferred to MIM software for segmentation. All FDG-avid intrathoracic tumors were delineated on the CT scan per RTOG contouring guidelines. Ninety-two texture features within each tumor were analyzed for association with the primary endpoint, OS. OS time was dichotomized to less than 1 year vs. more than 1 year. A univariate logistic regression model was used to estimate odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval and p-value for each feature. Multiple testing adjustments were performed using false discovery rate. Results: Eleven out of 92 texture features showed significant association with OS time (p-values from 0.009 to 0.044), of which 7 exhibited large effect (OR < 0.5 or > 1.5). Fifteen additional texture features trended toward statistical significance with p-values from .05 to .10. In all, 26 out of the 92 texture features showed significant association or trended toward significance with duration of OS. Conclusions: This preliminary study suggests that texture features on pre-immunotherapy CT imaging may help in predicting OS duration for patients with advanced NSCLC treated with Nivolumab monotherapy. We are in the process of validating a multivariate predictive model. Future directions include expansion of this study across the full database, survival analyses and correlation of texture features with tissue biology.


The primary issue considered in this paper is the question to what extent Silesia in the long 16th century can be considered a region cohesive in the ethnical and linguistic context. Available research materials indicate deepening bilingual tendencies in the region, however the extent of each of the languages and ethnic groups are impossible to adequately asses due to constant changes in the demographical situation of Silesia, changes brought about by various factors, including economic and political. It is true that humanism formed an integrating factor, which led to the formation of local patriotism. Due to this phenomenon there came to be a belief in the existence of "Silesian Nation" as well as the need to look for a factor binding the population together, something extending beyond the ius soli principle. Seeing as both "the love of Motherland – Silesia" and the spreading of the idea of the Silesian Nation were both constructs of groups of humanists and scholars, the first important bridge with the symbolical culture was Latin, quickly replaced by the solidified German-language culture. It dominated lay culture at the end of the 16th and beginning of the 17th century, paving the way for development in the following centuries.


The article investigates the 1988 music album Efer Veavak (in English: Ashes and Dust) that was created by Yehuda Poliker and Ya'akov Gilad, two Israeli-born children of Holocaust survivor parents. The article's findings suggest that the Holocaust story as told through Ashes and Dust emphasizes individual aspects rather than collective lessons and that there is a growing sensitivity to the issue of memory preservation. Moreover, Ashes and Dust highlights the notion that the survivors' children are now the bearers of Holocaust memory, and that it is through them that the Holocaust becomes an Israeli story about the present, rather than only a diaspora story about the past. These tendencies are amplified by the fact that Ashes and Dust is a popular cultural product. The public use of the songs through radio broadcasting has in many cases caused them to be assimilated into the mainstream and has blurred their initial identification as markers of a singular event, the Holocaust.


Ranking and selection has been successfully applied to solve the simulation optimization problems for many discrete event dynamic systems. However, little research has been focused on optimizing the simulation efficiency of the subsets ranking problem, which has wide applications in many areas such as intelligent manu-facturing, electrical engineering, and supply chain manufacturing. This research studies the simulation budget problem of dividing k simulated alternatives into r subsets and formulates this problem using the optimal computing budget allocation framework. The asymptotic optimality condition that maximizes the probability of correct subsets ranking is derived and a corresponding sequential simulation algorithm is suggested to implement the budget allocation rule. Numerical experiments results show that the proposed simulation algorithm has improved the simulation optimization efficiency for subsets ranking significantly.


In this chapter, we will discuss how to make an ontology-based expert system easy to use and apply to community sustainability issues without pay. Ontology itself plays an essential role in the diversity of knowledge and management methods that can simplify communication between expert domains and users. The scope of this study is health and food, which is expected to help people realize the disturbances they experience. In this chapter, we will discuss two cases: (i) determine the depressive disorder a person has based on their health condition and (ii) determine the type and variant of rice according to needs. Ontology is a method used in research that can be structured and systematic real-world representation that is equal and provides a reference model. The results of this study are an expert system model and mobile applications to help users overcome the problems in the health and food fields with the ontology method. The objective of this study is to develop the application based on the ontology method to make it easy for people to find information on expert systems.


SUMMARY Scientific evidence suggests that increasing amounts of carbon in the atmosphere are causing climate change which will result in global warming, sea- level rise and more extreme weather events. In response to anthropogenic climate change, market-based mechanisms have been proposed to mitigate these rising carbon dioxide emissions. One of these mechanism is known as REDD (reduction of emissions from deforestation and forest degradation) has emerged. This mechanism works to prevent the loss of forest which plays a key role in sequestering carbon and regulating the global climate. Globally, REDD has attracted increasing attention as a more cost-effective means of reducing emissions, and organizations such as the UN and World Bank have accumulated significant funds for its implementation. From a cadastral perspective this raises three major questions: (1) who 'owns' or has rights to the resources like forests which contain the carbon pools; (2) how can the governance structure for REDD be designed so that incentives to conserve forest reach the level of those who derive their livelihoods from forest products; and (3) if carbon credits are to be exchanged on a carbon market what cadastral information would be required to secure these rights in a 'carbon cadastre.' This paper will draw on our land tenure experience in the South American Amazon, Central America and sub-Saharan Africa to address these three questions.


In establishing a technology system for labor saving in cabbage production, the most important issues are streamlining harvesting, reducing the work load, and reducing the amount of time required. We developed a mechanized trailer-supported harvesting system for cabbage growers in upland field areas. The system will benefit family-managed farms. The system, which requires only three people to operate, consists of a harvester, remote-controlled tractor, and a trailer, where the cabbage can be processed, boxed and palletized. We investigated the suitability of this system from the point of work efficiency, ergonomics, and farm management through trials on a commercial farm. This article presents the results of the field tests of the system.


Conceptual structures are intrinsically hierarchical, regardless of whether the reality conceived is itself hierarchical. Examples are given in two different domains.


Tokaj is an important Central European wine-growing area with controlled planting and authorized varieties of white vines. This area has a specific microflora composition which changes based on its climate dependence, as well as during the fermentation process of wine production. Therefore, the aim of this study was, by culture examination of the samples, to detect the microbiota of soil, leaves, berries and fermentation must from two vineyards from the Slovak part of Tokaj. The highest total viable count (5.60 ±0.01 log cfu.g-1) and the highest total yeast and mould count (4.32 ±0.01 log cfu.g-1) in soil samples were recorded in vineyard Berecký. The highest total viable count in soil samples (6.71 ±0.01 log cfu.g-1) was confirmed by examination of samples originating from the vineyard of Čierna Hora. When determining the total yeast and mould count, the highest numbers were recorded in the must samples (4.15 ±0.01 log cfu.mL-1). Lactic acid bacteria were collected in samples from both vineyards, only in very low numbers. Overall, statistically significant differences (p <0.001) were detected by comparing the microbiota of the samples taken from the Berecký and Čierna Hora vineyards. The specific characterisation and identification of yeast was carried out using ITS-PCR-RFLP methods. The analysis confirmed the presence of yeasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Zygosaccharomyces bailii, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tenuis and their subsequent transfer to the must at varying percentages.


Based on 10-year statistics(2001-2010) of Shaanxi province,the paper calculates and analyzes the correlation between ST inputs and economic growth of Shaanxi province by using time correlation analytical method through the establishment of three models.The result shows that the RD expenditure and the number of ST personnel both have a positive correlation with economic growth.RD expenditure has the most significant influence on economic growth of Shaanxi province.The experimental development among RD investments plays the prominent role in promoting Shaanxi's economic growth among different types of the RD investment.Among these three executive departments of RD activities,RD investment of universities makes a prominent contribution to the economic growth of Shaanxi province.According to the above conclusions,the paper presents some proposals for the development of Shaanxi province.


In this work modeling of atmospheric pressure barrier discharge in argon for saw-tooth voltage signal applied to the electrodes was conducted. The model included balance equations for the densities of charged (electrons, ions) and the excited particles, the electron energy density, and the Poisson equation for the electric potential. The fluxes of charged and excited particles (electrons, ions) and electron energy were given in the drift-diffusion form. Distributions of spatiotemporal parameters of the discharge for different forms of saw-tooth voltage signal were obtained. Numerical experiments have shown that, depending on the growth rate of the external voltage, the one-dimensional model gives three forms of discharge, two of which are slightly different types of Townsend discharge, and one form is a glow discharge.


To make a useful contribution to the development of the compact X-ray laser, a modified quasi-steady-state approximation is applied to the fast numerical calculation of rate equations for the rapid ionization phase of a laser-produced plasma, to which the usual quasi-steady-state model by Bates et al. is not applicable. The set of nonlinear rate equations for the excited level populations coupled with the electron density and temperature for the plasma are numerically calculated with sufficient accuracy for their temporal evolution. The calculation also shows that a suitable combination is possible between the power and pulse width of a heating laser so that a high-density plasma can be obtained as the X-ray laser medium. The mathematical meaning of our approximation is briefly mentioned and its applicability is discussed.


Gadus morhua L. occurs in Ogac Lake, a salt, meromictic lake on Baffin Island that receives influxes of seawater only during the highest summer tides. Cod of the order of 10,000 of lengths 25 cm and greater and 500 of lengths greater than 60 cm were present. The size ranges for various ages far exceeded those of oceanic populations. Feeding conditions were poor, and sea urchins predominated in the diet. Large cod (greater than 50 cm) were highly cannibalistic, and it was estimated that they consume of the order of 3500 fish of 20–40 cm annually. Maturation occurred at the unusually large size of 85 cm in females, and at about 65 cm in males. Apparently many of the cod never reach these sizes. Spawning was from late May to early July in 1962, and initiation of spawning appeared to be related to light. The hatching of cod larvae coincided with the appearance of the nauplii of the dominant copepod in the lake. Egg size was highly variable and exhibited a curious bimodalism. Variation in vertebral and fin-ray...


Tree masting (synchronous, episodic reproduction) is common worldwide and is hypothesized to be especially important in ecosystems with low species diversity and productivity as in semi‐arid woodlands of the American Southwest. We analyzed mast dynamics of three dominant tree species, one‐seed juniper (Cupressaceae: Juniperus monosperma), two‐needle pinon pine (Pinaceae: Pinus edulis), and Sonoran scrub oak (Fagaceae: Quercus turbinella), on six sites during 1997–2016 within the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico. We tested multiple hypotheses regarding environmental and endogenous variables as controlling mechanisms, analyzing time‐series mast production data in relation to weather variables (precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, vapor pressure deficit, wind) over different time frames, and assessed evidence for weather tracking, resource switching, resource depletion, resource cycling, and pollen limitation. We found that (1) in univariate regression analyses, mast production in all three species was inversely related to lagged late‐summer/autumn temperatures during fruit primordia formation (1‐yr lag for juniper and oak, 2‐yr lag for pinon pine). Juniper mast production (n = 412 trees) was positively related to current‐year late‐winter (February–April) precipitation, combined with a negative relationship with current‐year summer temperatures. Pinon pine mast production (n = 210 trees) was positively related to 1‐yr lagged total annual precipitation and negatively associated with current‐year spring and summer temperatures. Oak mast production (n = 194 trees) also was positively related to current‐year late‐winter precipitation but was not affected by subsequent summer temperatures. (2) Multivariate environmental logistic regression models produced reasonable fits to observed field mast values. (3) High‐mast years in juniper and oak were characterized by greater proportions of trees producing mast and increased mast production per tree. (4) Juniper, oak, and pinon pine mast years were highly synchronized. (5) We found indirect support for resource depletion in all three species at some sites and indirect support for resource cycling in oak populations. (6) We observed only marginal indirect evidence for resource switching in pinon pine and oak. (7) Analyses of atmospheric pollen abundance relative to mast production produced no significant relationships. Predictive models of mast production have direct applications to regional silviculture, wildlife management, and ecosystem services in Southwestern woodlands.


Recent developments in emerging sensor and communication systems technology are presented with a focus on the special needs of urban warfare. The paper also offers an overview o f future requirements for the processing and sensor support needed to realize these novel system concepts.


Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive and metastatic lung cancer subtype with universal relapse and poor prognosis. The lack of potential drug targets limits targeted therapies for SCLC patients. To track down the potential therapeutic molecules in SCLC, we performed micro-RNA sequencing from the serum samples of SCLC patients and compared with the bulk RNA-sequencing data from SCLC tumor tissues. A consistent downregulation of microRNA-1 (miR-1) was observed in the SCLC patient serum samples, cell lines, and tumor tissues compared to their matched normal control. Overexpression of miR-1 in SCLC cell lines decreased cell growth and oncogenic signaling. Metastatic studies using the intracardiac injection model of SCLC cell lines showed that miR-1 overexpression decreases distant organ metastasis. Interestingly, the loss of function studies using miR-1Zip/sponging showed increased tumorigenesis and metastasis in SCLC subcutaneous and intracardiac xenografts. Mechanistic investigations revealed the CXCR4/FOXM1/RRM2 axis as a unique downstream target of miR-1 in SCLC. We found that FOXM1 transcriptionally regulates the RRM2 expression by directly binding to its promoter site, and miR-1 modulates these interactions through CXCR4. The results of the present study provided a strong preclinical rationale that miR-1 has a high potential for developing innovative SCLC therapies.
 Citation Format: Parvez Khan, Jawed A. Siddiqui, Shailendra Kumar Maurya, Tamara Mirzapoiazova, Prakash G. Kshirsagar, Ramakanth Chirravuri Venkata, Sanjib Chaudhary, Ranjana Kanchan, Naveenkumar Perumal, Mahek Fatima, Md Arafat Khan, Asad Ur Rehman, Imayavaramban Lakshmanan, Sidharth Mahapatra, Prakash Kulkarni, Apar Kishor Ganti, Maneesh Jain, Ravi Salgia, Surinder Kumar Batra, Mohd Wasim Nasser. MicroRNA-1 run down the growth and metastasis of small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3760.


Citing empirical evidence that non-practicing entities assert relatively old patents that cover inventions in relatively fast-paced industries, this essay argues that the PTO should increase the number and magnitude of patent renewal ("maintenance") fees in order to hasten the expiration of suspect software patents and reduce the prevalence of suits filed by so-called "patent trolls."


Cassava is an important tuber crop in the tropics owing to its economic potentials and its enormous uses as a staple food. Cassava tubers require peeling before it can serve its many uses.. There is need for improve peeling methods as a result of cassava toxicity highest in the peels. Also, complete peel removal is necessary for most high quality cassava products. Mechanization of other processes such as grating and dewatering have been done, however, peeling is still receiving attention from scientist and engineers all over the world. Such countries as Nigeria, China and Brazil are making appreciable efforts to develop efficient cassava peeling machines. In this study, a new but promising mechanical cassava peeling concept was investigated. The concept is based on the principle of continuous tuber feeding system and peel removal through the action of the shear force created by the opposing motion of the peeling tools. The mechanism of this principle was described and mathematically expressed. Result shows that peeling efficiency and peel retention are significantly affected by conveyor to brush speed ratios, peel thickness, and moisture content of the tubers. Data collected from preliminary experiments on the basis of this principle was used to validate the expression. The expression developed predicts the peeling efficiency of the machine with a certainty level of 88.73%. Thus, the expression explains the peeling concept and it is therefore, an invaluable and reliable tool for further development and improvement of automated cassava peeling machines.


(/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08) Table 2: Integrative Therapies to Lessen Chemotherapy Side Effects (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#table2) Fatigue (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#fatigue) Immunosuppression and Blood-Related Complications (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#blood) Nausea and Vomiting (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#nausea) Peripheral Neuropathy (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#neuropathy) Cardiotoxicity (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#cardiotoxicity) Kidney Damage (Renal Toxicity/Nephrotoxicity) (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#kidney) Hair Loss (Alopecia) (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#alopecia) Chemosensory Dysfunction (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#dysfunction) Hand-Foot Syndrome (HFS) (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#hfs) Tumor Lysis Syndrome (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#tls) "Chemo Brain" or "Chemo Fog" (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#brain) Gastrointestinal Disturbances (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#gastro) Nutritional Status and Cachexia (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#cachexia) Oral Mucositis (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#mucositis) Vitamin D Insufficiency (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#vitaminD) Mitigating Chemotherapy Side Effects with Intermittent Fasting (/Protocols/Cancer/Chemotherapy/Page-08#fasting)


Natural products are generally accepted by most industrial drug research organisations, but despite their incredible sustained track record and contribution to the pharmaceutical industries' revenue streams, they are not fully appreciated. An improved integration of natural products into state-of-the-art drug research processes is only one of the options available. What changes must be made to improve the exploitation of nature's diversity and where might natural products play a dominant role?


The results of numerical experiments on modeling of shock wave loading of mixtures are obtained by using thermodynamic equilibrium model TEC (thermodynamic equilibrium components) are presented. The thermodynamic parameters are modeled for the mixtures that include epoxy resin as a component. The model allows taking into account the phase transition under shock wave loading, when the substance in the region of phase transition is considered as mixture of low-pressure phase and high-pressure phase. Interest in the investigation of compressibility of such mixtures is associated as with the possibility of creating materials that have the required properties and the properties of the materials themselves. The good agreement of these model calculations with the data of different authors that defined on the experiments basis is obtained. The model allows to describe dynamic loading of solid and porous mixtures comprising epoxy resin and various components such as quartz SiO2, periclase MgO, corundum Al2O3, spinel MgAl2O4, enstatite Mg2[Si2O6].


AbstractA bilingual Sanskrit/Tocharian Bmanuscript from the Petrovsky collection (SIP/65b1), kept in St. Petersburg, contains theline tokharika : kucaññe i
$$\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\cdot}$}}{s}$$
cake. This text has beenrepeatedly adduced as a testimony for the nameof the Tocharian language: Skt. tokharikahas been connected with Tukhāra,Toch. B kucaññe being understood as "Kuchean", despite variousdifficulties. The actual adjective meaning "Kuchean" is Toch. Bkuśiññe, the form of which isnot compatible with kucaññe. Starting from an examination of the originalmanuscript, a totally new interpretation of theline is proposed: the word tokharikareflects a Prakritic form ofGāndhārī type, and conceals two homonymous Sanskrit words of the Indianlexicographical tradition, to wittūbarika
$$\underset \cdot h$$
 "eunuch" andtūbarikā "fragrant earth". Thosewords are actually translated by Toch. Bkucaññe and i
$$\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\cdot}$}}{s}$$
cake,respectively, the meaning of which canbe established by independent evidence. Toch. Akucim, which is the perfect formalmatch of B kucaññe, is usedas a derogatory term: "unmanly, impotent", orthe like. Toch. B i
$$\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\cdot}$}}{s}$$
cake is related to iścem "clay" in the samelanguage, and refers to "a kind of clay".Furthermore, it shows important andfar-reaching connections with several words ofthe same technical field in Indo-Iranian and inother languages of Central Asia.


The new page swap mechanism is introduced to resolve an inconsistent page problem for multithreaded applications in user-level remote paging systems. According to the evaluations, its overhead is limited and it can be applicable to actual use for multithreaded applications.


The carriage of Trichophyton mentagrophytes (Robin) Blanchard by symptomfree laboratory mice has been described by La Touche (1957), Dolan, Kligman, Kobylinski & Motsavage (1958) and Mackenzie (1961). It may often be only the development of infections in the animal handlers which draws attention to the carriage of the fungus by the mice. These ringworm infections in man may take the form of a rapidly developing eczematous and vesicular lesion and the mouse carrier constitutes a significant hazard to the laboratory animal worker.


Precipitation plays an important role in the food production of Southern Africa. Understanding the spatial and temporal variations of precipitation is helpful for improving agricultural management and flood and drought risk assessment. However, a comprehensive precipitation pattern analysis is challenging in sparsely gauged and underdeveloped regions. To solve this problem, Version 7 Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation products and Google Earth Engine (GEE) were adopted in this study for the analysis of spatiotemporal patterns of precipitation in the Zambezi River Basin. The Kendall's correlation and sen's Slop reducers in GEE were used to examine precipitation trends and magnitude, respectively, at annual, seasonal and monthly scales from 1998 to 2017. The results reveal that 10% of the Zambezi River basin showed a significant decreasing trend of annual precipitation, while only 1% showed a significant increasing trend. The rainy-season precipitation appeared to have a dominant impact on the annual precipitation pattern. The rainy-season precipitation was found to have larger spatial, temporal and magnitude variation than the dry-season precipitation. In terms of monthly precipitation, June to September during the dry season were dominated by a significant decreasing trend. However, areas presenting a significant decreasing trend were rare (<12% of study area) and scattered during the rainy-season months (November to April of the subsequent year). Spatially, the highest and lowest rainfall regions were shifted by year, with extreme precipitation events (highest and lowest rainfall) occurring preferentially over the northwest side rather than the northeast area of the Zambezi River Basin. A "dry gets dryer, wet gets wetter" (DGDWGW) pattern was also observed over the study area, and a suggestion on agriculture management according to precipitation patterns is provided in this study for the region. This is the first study to use long-term remote sensing data and GEE for precipitation analysis at various temporal scales in the Zambezi River Basin. The methodology proposed in this study is helpful for the spatiotemporal analysis of precipitation in developing countries with scarce gauge stations, limited analytic skills and insufficient computation resources. The approaches of this study can also be operationally applied to the analysis of other climate variables, such as temperature and solar radiation.


The present research was designed to evaluate an ultrasonic technique for measuring the drawability of low carbon steel sheets nondestructively. This technique, which uses electro magnetic acoustic transducers (EMAT's) is embodied in a fully automatic ultrasonic device called Ultra-Form, which was developed at Iowa State University (by the Center For Nondestructive Evaluation) in 1990. EMAT transducers generate the ultrasonic pulses in the sheet (without any need for a coupling medium) whose velocities are then related to the microstructural factors (crystallographic texture) that control drawability in rolled sheets. Drawability (usually interpreted by measuring r-values of low carbon steels) is an important property indicative of the formability of steel sheets used in the auto and appliance indus tries. It is measured by the destructive tension test which is sensitive to the experimental er rors and is time consuming. From a quality control perspective, there is a considerable in dustrial interest in further development of nondestructive on-line measurements of r-values during production (at the steel mill, or during the stamping operations). Towards this end, a collaborative research between LTV Steel Company, National Steel Corporation, Ford Mo tor Company and Ames Laboratory was conducted. This included theoretical and experi mental research on a total of 260 steel samples cut from 26 lifts (-10-12 samples of 20 in. by 20 in. (50 by 50 cm) per lift) of 5 types of commercially produced steels of Interstitially Free (IF), Aluminum-Killed Drawing Quality (AKDQ), Bake Hardenable (BH), High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) and Phosphorus High Strength (HS) grades. These investigations also included tensile measurements on the steels (one per lift) and neutron diffraction (one per lift for 10 selected lifts). This research evaluated the ultrasonic technique with respect to its ac curacy and reproducibility, sensitivity to the microstructure of the steel sheets (texture), and the factors that may affect the relative value of its predictions of plastic properties. The ex perimental correlations and the repeatability data (obtained from sequential ultrasonic meas-


Background: PCEA (patient controlled epidural analgesia) is a safe and effective technique for postoperative analgesia on routine surgical wards. Use of the epidural catheter as part of a combined epidural-general anesthetic technique results in less pain and faster patient recovery immediately after surgery than general anesthesia followed by systemic opioids does. Aim: In this prospective, randomized, double – blind study, we compared the analgesic effectiveness, hemodynamic changes and other side effects of epidural analgesia with drug combination – bupivacaine with fentanyl and ropivacaine with fentanyl in different concentrations. Material and methods: It was a prospective, randomized, double – blind study. Sixty patients of ASA I-II and age group 18-65 years divided in four groups 15 patients in each group (Group B1 bupivacaine 0.1%; Group B2 bupivacaine 0.05%; Group R1 ropivacaine 0.1%; Group R2 ropivacaine 0.05% with fentanyl 5micrograms/ml in each groups). After taking consent from patients epidural catheter was placed and study drugs were given to every patient. Visual analogue scale, heart rate, Jain R, Gupta P, Jain V. A comparison of ropivacaine with fentanyl to bupivacaine with fentanyl for post-operative patient controlled epidural analgesia in patients undergone lower abdominal cancer surgery. IAIM, 2016; 3(7): 137-149. Page 138 blood pressure, sedation score, modified bromage scale and other side effects were noted for the next 48 hours. Statistical analysis was done by using Medcalc 184.108.40.206 version statistical analysis software. Results: All four groups were comparable in terms of analgesia but group B1 patients had significant decrease in blood pressure at all time intervals. This group also had loss in motor power of lower extremity p value 0.020 than all other three groups. Conclusions: We concluded that ropivacaine 0.1% with fentanyl 5 μg/mL after major abdominal surgery provides optimal dynamic analgesia without significant adverse effects.


33–53. Jacobs, Lawrence R., and Benjamin I. Page. 2005. "Who Influences U.S. Foreign Policy?" American Political Science Review 99: 107–24. Jacobs, Lawrence R., and Theda Skocpol. 2005. Inequality and American Democracy: What We Know and What We Need to Learn. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Kull, Steven, Clay Ramsay, and Evan Lewis. 2003–04. "Misperceptions, the Media, and the Iraq War." Political Science Quarterly 118: 569–98. Page, Benjamin I., with Marshall M. Bouton. 2006. The Foreign Policy Disconnect: What Americans Want from Our Leaders but Don't Get. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Page, Benjamin I., and Lawrence R. Jacobs. 2009. Class War? What Americans Really Think about Economic Inequality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, forthcoming. Task Force on Inequality and American Democracy. 2004. "American Democracy in an Age of Rising Inequality." Perspectives on Politics 2(4): 651–66. Winters, Jeffrey A., and Benjamin I. Page. 2008. "Oligarchy in the United States?" Unpublished paper, Northwestern University. James A. Stimson Unequal Democracy is an ambitious book that takes on many aspects of inequality in American politics. Its theme, to oversimplify a bit, is that the growth of inequality in America is a product of politics. Not globalization, not a neutral result of the excesses of a market economy, the growing inequality is seen by Bartels as the expected result of persistent biases in the way that economic outcomes are translated into political outcomes—with a policy bias that further enhances inequality. I find myself in agreement with the general theme and with most of the supporting analyses. In the balance of this brief essay, I wish to turn to one specific piece of the whole, the representation analysis of chapter 9, "Economic Inequality and Political Representation." Bartels's basic story in chapter 9 is that U.S. senators— and by implication, other representatives—are highly responsive to the views of upper-income constituents, somewhat responsive to middle-income constituents, and not at all responsive to the poorest third. His analysis shows that the views of some citizens are reflected in Senate votes, but not all. Bartels's approach is to divide the state samples in the Senate Election Study into three groups of roughly equal size by income. He then associates the average views of each income group on liberal and conservative selfidentification and on abortion policy with various measures of Senate votes. The typical statistical model allows each of the three income groups to have a separate regression coefficient predicting the votes of the senators from each state. The generic finding from several analyses is that the high income group has a big coefficient, the middle income group a considerably smaller one, and the low income group has a coefficient that is usually wrong signed and statistically insignificant. From these findings flow the conclusion of unequal representation. I wish to question that conclusion.


1. Glucose loading tests were undertaken on isolated pancreas or pancreas-duodenal preparations. 2. In 75% of cases a vasodilatation can be observed which leads to enhanced blood circulation under constant pressure in the isolated organ. 3. This vasodilatation persists until the level of blood sugar has normalized. 4. The experiment being carried out on an isolated organ, external factors such as the vagus nerve, do not become active.


In this paper we evaluated the electric field and self-heating temperature of 3D 3C-SiC/Si MOSFETs. Using the numerical analysis simulator Silvaco Atlas, this device was found to have a critical electric field of 6.68×106 V/cm at a breakdown voltage close to 312V. Using COMSOL program, self-heating effect was investigated, and found that the temperature reached 866K at VDS=312V and VGS=5V.


At present time, there has been a growing interest in the consumption of probiotic food products. This study presents the results of the determination of amino acids in sour-milk drink with encapsulated Lactobacillus casei probiotics. Probiotics were encapsulated in pectin capsules by extrusion method. Totally, the sour milk drink contains 40.61 g/100 g of essential amino acids, which is higher than the FAO/WHO requirement (36.0 g/100 g). However, limiting amino acids such as, valin (4.86 g/100 g) and methionine+cystein (2.77 g/100 g) are lower than the FAO/WHO data for valine (5.0 g/100 g) and methionine+cystein (3.5 g/100 g). Developed sour milk drink contains 18 essential and non-essential amino acids with large amount of glutamic acid (440.59 mg/100 g), leucine (244.96 mg/100 g), proline (240.64 mg/100 g) and lysine (225.92 mg/100 g). The microbiology analyses of sour milk drink with encapsulated probiotics revealed the absence of pathogenic bacterium, like Salmonella and Staphylococcus St. aureus. Original Research Article Kakimov et al.; ARRB, 18(1): 1-7, 2017; Article no.ARRB.36079 2


Due to it can completely show the developing trend of the student-oriented teaching approach,the internet teaching is in accord with the spirit of the new subject reform.It is a useful supplement of the traditional class teaching.But at present the rich geographical resources on the internet is only for the teachers' teaching.The student can use a little of them.Based on the importance theory?making tools,designing principle of the geographical internet teaching courseware,this article explains that it is a effective way to solve the problem which there is no geographical teaching courseware on the prosperous school net and city net by making a batch of teaching courseware based on the constructs and new subject standard.


High-repetition rate laser-induced damage of Ta2O5:SiO2 coatings was investigated at 355 nm wavelength and a repetition rate of 30 kHz. Laser-induced damage thresholds of coatings with different mixture ratios were measured. The relationships between laser-induced damage threshold and the material band gap and defect absorption were analyzed. Laser-induced damage threshold decreased with increase in number of laser pulses owing to enhancement of the absorption. Enhancement of absorption is attributed to the increase in density of mid-state defects induced by the picosecond laser pulses. The relationship between mid-state defects and the material mixture ratio was also analyzed.


The aim of this study was to enable searches for truffles (Tuber spp.), particularly the Burgundy truffle (T. aestivum Vittad.), to be carried out in forests based on a method that has been constantly developed since 2007 by the Forest Research Institute. The method is termed "Virtual Truffle Hunting" and it takes 12 parameters into account: bedrock, soil pH, Ca+ and CaCO3 content in soil, C/N ratio, soil structure, altitude of terrain, type of forest site, forest structure, the Burgundy truffle host trees, and the presence of particular species including orchids and insects. A simple "Virtual Truffle Hunting" software has also been developed, which makes the use of the method easy, fast, and effective. This method is to ascertain the truffle potential for all areas in which digital maps are not available. In 2015, the method was tested in 20 sites, representing forests in 5 Polish macroregions. Hunting for hypogeous fungi was conducted from June to October with the help of trained dogs. Thanks to this method, 14 new truffle sites were found. The knowledge of environmental conditions conducive to the Burgundy truffle growth enabled us to form an effective tool in order to identify new sites of truffle presence.


The current methods for design flood region composition use some specific situations to summarize all possible combination of the flood at each sub-watershed,which leads to the results lacking in theoretical basis,showing huge difference and hard to assess the errors. In this study,the joint probability density function value of flood volume at each sub-watershed was adopted to measure its occurrence likelihood.Based on Copula function the normalized probability density function of flood volume at sub-watershed was derived. A new methodology for interval estimation of design flood region composition was proposed. The Geheyan reservoir located at Qingjiang basin was selected as a case study. It is demonstrated that the results of typical year method are not within the range of peak discharges estimated by the 95 % confidence intervals,and the results of equivalent frequency regional composition method are within those intervals which indicates that it has some rationality. The proposed method has strong statistical basis and can not only give both point and interval estimates of design flood region composition,but also evaluate the uncertainty of estimate quantitatively,which will provide a new approach for design flood region composition analysis and calculation.


The mean flow structure around an elongated rectangular cylinder near a solid wall has been here quantitatively characterized by measuring 2D velocity fields. The flow fields have been experimentally obtained by means of a PIV technique. The flow pattern has been extracted for each experimental condition and the effect of the solid wall has been investigated varying the distance of the cylinder from the wall. The study has been carried out using detection algorithms able to extract a series of significant points on 2D velocity fields. The cataloguing of these points leads to trace, in the measurement plane, a series of characteristic lines which depict the architectural state of flow. Finally, the parametric description of the morphological state of flow allowed to quantify the effects of the boundary (wall proximity) conditions on the flow structure. The parameterization of the flow structure allowed to identify significant cinematic parameter. The correlation between these parameter and the force coefficients has been shown.


. Introduction . The publication consists of a transcription of a biographical interview of the celebrated Kalmyk historian and Oiratologist – Vladimir Petrovich Sanchirov (1947-2019), supplemented with the author's commentaries. The interview took place in Elista in 2004 as part of the research project 'Everyone's Got His Own Siberia' dealing with the crucial but understudied period of Kalmyk history – the na-tion's Siberian deportation of 1943–1956 and memories thereof. Goals . The project aims is to investigate the everyday survival strategies of Kalmyks in Siberia, as well as to pay tribute to the recently deceased colleague and friend. Methods . The methodology used to study the raw interview text includes the textual analysis and deconstruction. Results . The transcribed text shows survival and adaptation strategies of the young generation of spets-pereselentsy at places of forced settlements; we see V. Sanchirov's youth in Khanty-Mansiysk, his opposition to ethnical oppression, his dealing with the stigma of government-forbidden ethnicity, and his acquaintance with Kalmykia. The text may be of certain interest to all researchers studying the Kalmyk deportation and memories thereof.


Purpose: To assess the involvement of cholinergic transmission in the etiology of spinal cord injury (SCI) in a rat model. Methods: Male adult rats (Wistar) with body weight ranging from 200 to 250 g were equally allocated into 2 groups: test (SCI) and control (non-SCI). Clipping method was used to induce SCI. Thereafter, motor function was measured using rotarod. Each rat was sacrificed by decapitation, and the cortex was excised for use in the study of the involvement of cholinergic transmission in SCI using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis (WBA). Results: Significant upregulation in acetylcholine esterase (AChE) was observed in the cortex of SCI rats, relative to non-SCI rats (p < 0.005). Results from cholinergic receptor binding studies revealed significantly decreased maximum binding (Bmax) and dissociation constant (kd) values for muscarinic receptors in SCI rats, when compared to non-SCI rats. Moreover, the reduction in intensity of cholinergic receptors was significantly greater in the cerebral cortex of SCI group compared to non-SCI group. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that the reduction in cortical cholinergic transmission impairs motor functions in SCI, and plays a major role in motor deficits in SCI.


The present invention is directed to a micro-cell to be filled with (a) an electrophoretic fluid, an electrophoretic display device comprising at least one dielectric layer comprises at least two types of filler (b) . Among the types of fillers, at least one type are sensitive to magnetic fields. In one embodiment, the dielectric layer is a layer of material forming the micro cell, the sealing layer, an adhesive layer, or primer layer. In one embodiment, the device is provided with more than one type of filler material which is sensitive to the magnetic field, and a filler material of at least one type is not sensitive to the magnetic field.


Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of eating habits and self-efficacy on health promotion behavior and to improve the quality of life in each life cycle. Methods/Statistical analysis: This study is a narrative research study for nursing students at university B in C city. The data were analyzed by SPSSWIN 18.0, t-test, ANOVA and bonferroni post test, Pearson correlation coefficient calculation and multiple regression analysis. Findings: Health promotion behaviors were positively correlated with eating habits and self-efficacy. Multiple regression analysis showed that 53.8% of the parents, caregivers, health status, eating habits, and self efficacy of the nursing students showed the health promotion behaviors of the nursing students. The higher the self-efficacy(t=6.06, p<.001), the better the health-promoting behaviors(t=3.28, p=.001). Application/mprovements: Development of programs for strengthening health education and self-efficacy is required for proper eating habits and health promotion.


A review of present practices followed in live transportation of cold-anaesthetised penaeid shrimps is attempted in this paper. Live transportation is used as a means to enhance the unit value of the marketed shrimp. Japanese Kuruma shrimp Penaeus japonicus has been found amenable to this practice. Several countries such as Taiwan, Korea, China and recently Australia established a sizeable market for Kuruma shrimp transported alive to Japan, after cold-anaesthetisation. Research on live transportation of other shrimp species such as Penaeus monodon has shown encouraging result.


Jeremy Knox's book analyses the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) through the lens of critical posthumanism. Faithful to the posthumanist cartographic methodology expounded on most notably by Rosi Braidotti, Knox acknowledges that this is not an authoritative account of the development of the MOOC, but rather traces some of the dominant accounts and myths of its development. He also does not aim to give a detailed overview of what the MOOC is, but rather focuses on those aspects that relate to the subjectivity of the MOOC user. As an analytical tool or 'genealogical and a navigational tool' as Braidotti (2013: 5) puts it, posthumanism does not steer away from complexity, rather, it is a philosophy that eschews the bite-sized or absolute descriptions of phenomena that are so prevalent in the media today. The task of the critical theorist, according to Braidotti (2013) is to firstly account for the present. Once this is achieved, the critique can then be transformed into affirmative creation. Knox's book provides a substantial critique of the MOOC, and he does provide food for thought towards affirmative transformation.


AIM: To evaluate the inflammasome activation and the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPAR)-δ agonist treatment in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) models.METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were classified according to control or high fat diet(HFD) with or without PPAR-δ agonist(GW) over period of 12 wk [control, HFD, HFD + lipopolysaccharide(LPS), HFD + LPS + GW group]. Hep G2 cells were exposed to palmitic acid(PA) and/or LPS in the absence or presence of GW.RESULTS: HFD caused glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis. In mice fed an HFD with LPS, caspase-1 and interleukin(IL)-1β in the liver were significantly increased. Treatment with GW ameliorated the steatosis and inhibited overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In Hep G2 cells, PA and LPS treatment markedly increased m RNA of several nucleotide-binding andoligomerization domain-like receptor family members(NLRP3, NLRP6, and NLRP10), caspase-1 and IL-1β. PA and LPS also exaggerated reactive oxygen species production. All of the above effects of PA and LPS were reduced by GW. GW also enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK-α.CONCLUSION: PPAR-δ agonist reduces fatty acidinduced inflammation and steatosis by suppressing inflammasome activation. Targeting the inflammasome by the PPAR-δ agonist may have therapeutic implication for NAFLD.


Volatilization behavior of technetium was investigated in order to evaluate the decontamination efficiency of an evaporator for reprocessing waste solutions. The gaseous species of technetium volatilized over HTcO 4 solutions had been considered as the mixture of Tc 2 O 7 and HTcO 4 . Estimation of the decontamination efficiency needs to determine whether the dominant gaseous species is Tc 2 O 7 or HTcO 4 . The continuous dis-tillation of dilute HTcO 4 solution was carried out and we obtained the purification factor (PF) defined as the concentration ratio of technetium in the concentrate and distillate. The PF was normalized by total pressure, HTcO 4 molarity and mole number in 1l solution. The normalized PF was reciprocal to the second power of HTcO 4 molarity and was proportional to the activity of water. These findings suggested the dominant gaseous species were Tc 2 O 7 and volatilization was the dehydration of HTcO4 forming gaseous Tc 2 O 7 . The vapor pressure of Tc 2 O 7 was obtained from PF and the equilibrium constant of volatilization reaction was calculated considering that the gaseous species was dominantly Tc 2 O 7 . The thermodynamic functions controlling the volatilization reaction were obtained from the dependence of equilibrium constant on temperature as, ΔH=82.3kJ.mol -1 and ΔS=205.4 J.mol -1 .K -1 , respectively.


Several essential properties of the linear canonical transform (LCT) are provided. Some results related to the sampling theorem in the LCT domain are investigated. Generalized wave and heat equations on the real line are introduced, and their solutions are constructed using the sampling formulae. Some examples are presented to illustrate our results.


The invention discloses a shedding area detection method of an RTV coating of an insulator and a detection device. The detection method comprises following steps of removing dirt on the surface of the insulator; using colored liquid to smear damaged parts of surface RTV of the insulator; sleeving blank annular Chinese art paper on the surface of the insulator after all the damaged parts are smeared; flattening and arranging the annular Chinese art paper on which colored liquid marks are printed on a platform; acquiring the image of the Chinese art part via an image acquirer and sending the acquired image to a computer; using the computer to carry out profile extraction, area dividing and identification on the colored liquid marks on the Chinese art paper; and calculating quantity of pixel points so as to determine area of the colored liquid marks, i.e., the damaged area of surface RTV coating on the insulator. According to the invention, by taking a rubbing of damaged area on the Chinese art paper, the damaged parts of the surface RTV can be identified in an undamaged manner, and precision degree is high.


Indigenous food systems have been sites of deliberate and sustained disruption in the service of the settler colonial project on Turtle Island. The revitalization of traditional foodways is a powerful and popular means through which Indigenous Peoples are practicing cultural and political resurgence. We are at a crucial moment of societal reckoning reinforced by recent anti-racist uprisings and Indigenous Land Back actions. In this context, food movements have an important role to play in addressing ongoing colonial impacts on Indigenous food systems by supporting Indigenous Food Sovereignty as a way to advance reconciliation a * Corresponding author: Heather L. Elliott, M.Sc., Department of Geography, Planning and Environment, Concordia University; 1455 de Maisonneuve West, H 1255-26 (Hall Building); Montréal, QC H3G 1M8 Canada; email@example.com b Monica E. Mulrennan, Professor, Department of Geography, Planning and Environment, Concordia University; 1455 de Maisonneuve West, H 1255-33 (Hall Building); Montréal, QC H3G 1M8 Canada; email@example.com c Alain Cuerrier, Botanist and researcher, Jardin botanique de Montréal, Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Adjunct Professor, Université de Montréal; 4101 rue Sherbrooke Est; Montréal, QC H1X 2B2 Canada; email@example.com Author Note This paper was prepared as part of a manuscript-based thesis by the lead author in partial fulfillment for the degree of master of science in Geography, Urban and Environmental Studies at Concordia University.


Text of speech given by Barbara C. Jordan as the keynote speech of the National Women's Conference in Houston, Texas, about the true, unrecognized value of women in America.


Chess at Hamilton Town House
Every Friday afternoon
1:00pm - 4:00pm
Free admission; Tea / coffee and biscuits £3.30 / £1.65 concession, payable on the day
Hamilton Town House Library


Cheap information technology has increased the availability of historical price information to strategic consumers in many environments. This information may impact the consumer's purchasing behavior. We study how a seller should react in such a scenario. We focus on a seller of a single asset whose value is not perfectly known to either the seller or the potential buyers. Revealing the history of prices at which the asset has not been sold may cause future strategic potential buyers to revise downward their willingness to pay for the asset. Hence, it is not clear that the seller will want to reveal such historical price information. Nevertheless, we find that the seller may be worse off when concealing this information. The reason is that when concealing the historical information, strategic potential buyers may revise their willingness to pay much more steeply downward upon observing a price reduction. This provides an incentive to the seller to maintain a too-high price for too long. It may be that the costs of this incentive outweigh the revenue decrease resulting from the reduction in willingness to pay when revealing historical price information.


Alkaline phosphatase activity (both dissolved and total) in Lake Kasumigaura was determined periodically together with concentrations of phosphorus compounds therein. Distinct negative correlation was found between the dissolved alkaline phosphatase activity and the orthophosphate concentration during the phosphorus-limited season. The decrease of the concentration of dissolved alkaline phosphatase was observed at the level of 1 ng ml−1 of orthophosphate. The present results suggest that both alkaline phosphatase in vivo and dissolved alkaline phosphatase in the lake water play important roles in phosphorus cycles in natural water.


The invention discloses a floral fragrance laundry detergent. The floral fragrance laundry detergent is prepared from the following components in part by weight: 5-10 parts of dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 5-10 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate, 1-5 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 1-5 parts of sodium carbonate, 1-5 parts of sodium silicate, 0.1-1.5 parts of alkaline protease and 70-80 parts of osmanthus extract solution. The osmanthus extract solution is prepared by that osmanthus flowers are boiled and extracted by 10-20 times of weight of water for 10-30 minutes, and filtrate is filtered. The floral fragrance laundry detergent provided by the invention is simple in formula and easy to prepare. The osmanthus extract solution is used as a solvent, and natural fragrance is added, so that the floral fragrance laundry detergent is health and environment-friendly. Meanwhile, the laundry detergent also has the advantages of strong cleaning capability, hand protection, clothes brightening and cleaning and the like.


Summary The purpose of this research is to examine the variability in yields and yield components of wheat cultivars in Northern Serbia, examine and visualize their groupings and relationships, and determine the correlations between their traits using principal components analysis (PCA). A total of fifteen wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.), developed in 10 different countries over a period exceeding 70 years, were analyzed during the growing seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 at Rimski šančevi, the experimental station of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. A phenotypic analysis was performed for the following wheat traits: spike weight, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, thousand grain weight, and grain yield. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, an analysis of variance, a correlation analysis for interactions between the traits considered, and PCA. The results obtained indicate significant differences between the genotypes according to all the traits examined. The correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between the yields produced and nearly all yield components. The PCA confirmed the relationship between the traits examined, grouped the genotypes according to their performance, and highlighted the genotypes eligible for future breeding and research.


The article presents the results of atmochemical and lithochemical analysis of dust particles in the surface air layer and dust estimates along road curbs in the main types of urban landscape areas in the central part of Saratov.


Nov. 15, 1962. 9 pgs.
Editorial: B.A. in bridge? concerning what was considered to be excessive card
playing in the Common Room.
BOG asks member to name houses of new residence; Nuclear disarmament demo;
Debating Society - "Euthanasia," 20· Nov, 1962; Vendomatic Co. running cafeteria
"dinner served from 5-9 p.m."; Interview with the President of York: "... a staff
rep. on S.C. could improve communications a student rep. on the BOG or Senate
could not be a very effective influence a staff student committee could meet
periodically."
Editors: Doug Hird; Harold J. Levy; Allan Millward
Sports - Dave Allen
Circulation-Chieftess - Lilliam Hale
Distribution-Chief - George Rust-'Eye
Rewrite - Steve Barker
Mortician - Janet McQuillan
Typist - Delle McClennan; Marg Hyde
Printing - Mary Lynne Arneson
Editorial B.A in bridge?
We miss you boy
Name of a name
Comment York by W.M. Collins; M.W. Soupcouff
Gowns for York by A. Bamasaiye
Film Society by Fraser Reid
Treasure van - Janet McQuillan; Fred Corbet
Proclamation for citizens of York
C.N.D demonstration at Ottawa by Anne Dalziel; Michael Findlay
Athletic briefs
Who cares!
Y.U.F.S presents last year at marienbad
Pourquoi est-ce que les petits jouent a la mort by Ian Sone
un chiste by Ian Sone
York yearbook by Rust-D'Eye
Pro Tem interviews gus
Hilel Meeting by Roslyn Giblon
Summer in Pakistan
School christmas cards
Letters to the editor
An interview with the president by Merrill Shepherd
Kitchen story by Fred Corbet
Flood at York