The Order Accumulation and Sortation Systems (OASS) are getting more important as distribution centers try to gain competitive advantages. The parameters that affect the sorting time in OASS are analyzed in this study. The length and speed of conveyors, sending the packages within a wave, the wave size, number of the sorting lanes and the sort ing strategy are the main parameter in OASS. The time required to sort mixed items depends on the sortati n strategy used as well. Different sorting strategies and different conveyor models are analyzed in this stud y. Available analytical models assume that all orders are at the same size (quantity). In this study this assump tion also is relaxed. Simulation models have been develo ped to compare different design alternatives and design strategies. For different order combinations and fo r various design choices, simulation is used to compa re sortation strategies. The results have been given i n tables that show which strategy should be used unde r which scenario. AutoMod Software is used as the simulation tool.


these two regions, it is important to recognise that – unlike many of the other regions considered here – there is no real history of interaction between the Union and its member states on the one hand and the states of the southern Caucasus and Central Asia on the other. There were moments when these regions were important to western European great powers. Central Asia played a key role in the 'Great Game' between Russia and Britain in the last half of the 19 Century. Azerbaijan's oil resources were a major focus of the emergent petroleum industry in Europe and the United States. During the period immediately after the Bolshevik revolution, Germany and then Britain intervened on a small scale in the southern Caucasus, while small elements of the British Army in India raided into Central Asia. But this was all a long way from the kind of systematic interaction that characterised the West's interactions with Poland, Hungary, Czech-Slovakia and the Balkans. And it evaporated with the consolidation of Soviet power along the former Russian Empire's southern periphery. Consequently, there was no significant legacy or track record of European relations with the regions that are the focus of this chapter when the southern union republics of the USSR emerged into independent states in 1991. Caucasus and Central Asia: Towards a Non-Strategy


The Laser Diffraction method for measuring particle size was first invented commercially in 1974 and the first industries to use the technique were coal, ceramics, chocolate and cement. The particle size distribution or fineness of cement has been measured by laser diffraction in laboratories since 1975. Why was the cement industry such an early adopter? The answer lies in the fact that the particle size distribution of cement directly affects hardening rate, strength and fluidity of the final set concrete – the major user of cement. Producing the cement to make the concrete is a costly business and accurate and repeatable measurement of the cement particle size is an absolute necessity to reduce costs and provide an optimised distribution. The Bettersize 2600 laser diffraction system is widely used in the cement sector to provide the information QC and laboratory managers need to help reduce these costs but remain in specification. In addition, as shown in Figure 1, a new generation of particle size analyser is now able to measure both the size and shape of cement which will open up new research areas on not just optimal size but also optimal shape.


Provided is an extraction device for a roasted plant wherein it is possible to keep the preferred flavor component or the rich flavor of an extraction liquid obtained from a roasted plant starting material by means of water extraction while selectively reducing the excessive bitterness of the extraction liquid. A beverage extraction device provided with a granule storing unit for storing granules from which a beverage is to be extracted, a first injection means for injecting an extraction solvent into the granule storing unit from a first direction, and a collecting means for collecting a coffee extraction liquid extracted by means of the extraction solvent from the same side as the first direction with respect to a coffee granule layer, wherein the granule storing unit is provided with a detachable braking member for housing, in a roughly hermetically-sealed manner, the granules from which a beverage is to be extracted.


An attempt has been made to outline methods of dealing with the simple aspects of thoracic surgery in small animals. It has been emphasized that any veterinarian with average surgical ability can well perform this work with the minimum amount of equipment. Mention only has been made of the operation for removal of heart worms from the pulmonary artery. It it hoped at a later date to give a short account of this type of work. Copyright


At present, the most recent saliency detection algorithms are still not satisfactory. A saliency detection algorithm based on SLIC and graph-based segmentation is proposed. Firstly, graph-based segmentation is used to obtain larger image partitions, and the partitions with good contours are acquired. Then the relatively detailed partitions are obtained using SLIC image segmentation. Sparse color histogram is applied to these two methods. By using the color and spatial distance information, the saliency of each partition is calculated. Contours of salient objects from saliency maps generated using Graph-Based Segmentation are acquired and the gray scale values of the two kinds of saliency maps in the area surrounded by contours are merged. Experimental results show that compared with other detection methods, the proposed algorithm can effectively detect the salient object in the image. Introduction Image saliency detection is one of the challenging problems in computer vision. The purpose is to obtain a high quality of the saliency map. The saliency map shows the significant degree of different regions in the image. Saliency detection is used in many areas of computer vision, such as object detection, image segmentation, image retrieval, image compression, and so on[1-2]. In 1998, Itti of the University of California extracted the features of color, brightness, orientation and so on. The final saliency map is obtained by fusing these features[3]. Harel Jonathan proposed algorithm based on graph theory in 2006, the algorithm referred to as GBVS[4]. The algorithm structure is based on the Itti method, but the method based on graph is used in normalization. Cheng Mingming presents Global contrast based salient region detection in 2011. He uses a graph based image segmentation, combined with sparse color histogram to obtain a significant figure of high quality [5]. Zhang Qing proposed super pixel and histogram threshold based salient region detection algorithm in 2015 [6]. Wang Hailuo proposed super pixel fusion based salient region detection algorithm in 2015 [7]. These methods are generally used to compare the difference between the image unit and its adjacent image units in the gradation, color, direction or texture [1, 2, 3]. It is possible to compare the image unit with all the image units, and finally get a significant figure [4, 5, 6, 7]. Some of the above methods can be used to detect the edge of image, but can not effectively highlight the whole saliency of the target[1,2,3], and some methods do not have a good way to capture the target texture and edge details[6,7]. In view of this situation, a saliency detection method based on super pixel segmentation and sparse color histogram is proposed. This method retains the target texture and edge information by image segmentation based on graph, and then calculates the sparse color histogram by the SLIC super pixel. It uses a global comparison to ensure the integrity of the significant objectives, and to obtain a better effect of the significant figure. Graph-Based Image Segmentation and SLIC super pixel segmentation It is a classic image segmentation algorithm based on the greedy clustering algorithm. It is simple, fast and accurate. This algorithm can obtain the edge curve and texture of the object very well. The segmented regions are of the appropriate size. It does not produce too much of the "over segmentation" area. As shown in figure 1, the original image is segmented into partitions with 4th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Information Technology Processing (AMITP 2016) © 2016. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 482


A novel synthesis method for Discotic Liquid Crysta l (DLC) with 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 12-hexaaza-triphenylen e derivatives, and chiral Smectic (S C*) mesophases derivatives was done by Flow Injectio n System (FIS). This method have the advantage over normal synthesis method as savin g time-solvent and lowering synthesis cost of LC ph ases. Optimizing conditions (sample & reagent volumes, 0.1 ml/min fl ow rate, with 0.5 m coil length and 0.5 mm i.d) wer e used for increasing percentage yield of the product. CLC was identified by using optical polarizing microsco py in conjunction with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).


The invention discloses a powder metallurgy valve seat and a preparation method thereof and relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy. The valve seat is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 85-105 parts of iron powder, 1-2 parts of gold powder, 5-10 parts of graphite powder, 5-12 parts of metallic copper powder, 3-8 parts of tin antimony oxide, 4-9 parts of silicon dioxide, 1-3 parts of nanometer cerium, 5-10 parts of manganese dioxide, 3-10 parts of cobalt powder, 4-7 parts of lead naphthenate and 5-12 parts of synthetic sodium sulfonate. The preparation method of the powder metallurgy valve seat comprises the steps of mixing, mould pressing, high-temperature calcining, steam treatment, oil impregnation treatment and shaping treatment. The valve seat provided by the invention is excellent in wear-resisting property, high-temperature-resisting property and mechanical property and is effectively prolonged in service life.


This paper analyzes on the main causes of the cracks on the concrete structure occurring in the construction,and puts forward some corresponding effective treatment measures.


New ionomeric thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) are described, obtainable by means of the reaction of aromatic or aliphatic diisocyanates, difunctional polyols, chain-extending glycols and anionic type ionomeric extending glycols at a high temperature and reduced time. The obtained ionomeric TPUs can be handled, stored and transported and permit easily obtaining TPU ionomeric aqueous dispersions, useful in numerous applications, such as industrial adhesives and coatings for flexible and rigid substrates.


Landscape parameters extracted from classified SPOT satellite imagery are used as independent variables for predicting potential habitat areas of the barn owl Tyto alba in a landscape north-east of Brussels, Belgium Field data on the nest sites, recorded during 9 yr, are used as the dependent variable A canonical correlation analysis of the landscape characteristics of 'successful breeding and non-breeding sites' selects a set of most significant parameters contributing to the distinction between suitable and unsuitable breeding habitat parameters measuring the spatial configuration and fragmentation of landscape elements, such as deciduous woods and grasslands, in combination with some visual characteristics of the open spaces in the landscape The selected set of parameters formed the basis for the calculation of a habitat model, whereby potential breeding sites could be located throughout the complete study area, at specific levels of confidence The results showed the relevance of this method for landscape ecological research and nature conservation planning


The paper estimate 1-day Value at Risk (VaR) taking into consideration the financial integration of Indian capital market (BSE-SENSEX and NSE-NIFTY) with other global indicators and its own volatility using daily returns covering the period January 2003 to December 2009. The paper specifies a generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) framework to model the phenomena of volatility clustering on returns and examines the usefulness of considering lag values of return on (S&P 500, INR-EURO & INR-USD exchange rate, Gold price) as proxies to global financial condition in the specification of the mean equation. In general VaR is calculated either based on Historical Simulation (HS) approach which imposes practically no structure on the distribution of returns except stationarity or using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) approach which assumes parametric models for variance and subsequently large number of random numbers is drawn from this specific distribution to calculate the desired risk measure. Filtered Historical Simulation (FHS) approach attempts to combine the best of the model-based approach with the best of the model-free approaches in a very intuitive fashion. The paper estimates VaR of return in the Indian capital market based on two composite methods i.e. (a) using univariate GARCH model where in the mean equation we have used lag values of return on S&P 500, INR-EURO & INR-USD exchange rate and Gold price; and following FHS approach; (b) using ARMA for mean equation, GARCH for volatility and FHS for VaR estimation i.e. ARMA-GARCH-FHS. The performances of the VaR estimates from both the methods were compared and it was found that VaR of return in the Indian capital market estimated based on method (a) i.e. GARCH with suitable mean specification outperforms method (b) i.e. the ARMA-GARCH method.


Plots were established May 28, 1987 on a dense stand of leafy spurge in a rangeland setting. The leafy spurge was in full bloom. Perennial grasses 6 to 8 inches tall were present as an understory. Herbicides were applied with a 6-nozzle knapsack spray unit with a carrier volume of 30 gpa delivered at 45 psi pressure through 8004 flat fan nozzles. Weather conditions were as follows: air temp. 63o F, relative humidity 74%, wind W at 5 mph, sky cloudy, soil temp. 0 inch 75o F, 1 inch 70o F, 2 inch 70o F, 4 inch 65o F. Soil was a silt loam (22% sand, 58% silt and 20% clay) with 1.8% organic matter and 6.3 pH. Plots were 10 by 27 feet and arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications.


Clamped joints of wood frame buildings are a traditional way in Norway to attain airtight joints for the air and vapour barrier. There are numerous defects registered in the SINTEF Building Defects Archive related to air leakage through the vapour barrier, on one hand, and stricter requirements for reduced energy consumption, on the other hand, question today's efficacy of these type of joints. This study investigates the durability of clamped joints by studying how the airtightness is affected by several drying and wetting cycles. Experimental work is carried out to measure air leakage rates, which in turn, are used to evaluate their impact on the airtightness of two different constructions by numerical estimations. Results show that the air leakage rates are increased significantly due to transient climatic conditions. Clamped joints may no longer provide airtight building envelopes given the stricter requirements for energy consumption and implications of climate change. A more promising and robust alternative is the use of self-adhesive tapes.


In the field of analysis of biological structures ~lsiiig X-ray diffraction, tlie intensity of the X-ray source is a major liii~iting parameter. This is especially so for sniall specimens with large repeat units and where specimeiis, native or niodified, have lin-iited lifetinies. Most iniportantly, in attempting to describe macron-iolec~ilar operations » e. g. the contraction cycle i i i muscle, structurally, tlie perniissible time window is narrowcd even further. I f possible san~pling times of the order of 1 ms or less are needed. This iii~plies a req~iired iniprovenieiit in intensity of a factor 103-104. However technical developnieiit of rotatiiiç anode X-ray tubes is now reaching a physical liniit. The brightest of such sources is calculated by Roscnbauni ( 1 ) to be within a factor 2-3 of this limit, imposed by the maximum permissible surface velocity of the rotating anode target. Synchrotron sources provide firstly an enormous gain in intensity, and also have unfamiliar but highly useful optical properties. Five machines (operating or under construction) in Europe are bright in the 1.5 A spectral region and will be compared on a meaningful basis. The suitability of the strongly collimated synchrotron source for various biological diffraction arrangements and the application t o microscopy will be examined. Finally the design of a n optimised synchrotron radiation source will be reviewed. (1) To be published in J. Sc. Instr. Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1973822


Repair initiated by parents provides their children with corrective feedback of the children's developing talk.To investigate how the interactive repair process is constructed, this study looked at five mother—child pairs during play interaction, focusing on mother-initiated repair sequences (N = 163). The mothers used many types of repair initiators from the general 'What?' to the more specific interrogatives. They also offered candidate understandings, and made other-corrections. Repair sequences usually comprised of three parts: the child's turn, the mother's repair initiation in the next turn, and the child's response in the third turn. In more than 90% of the cases the children responded to their mothers' repair initiations. Thus, after mother-initiation the 3-year-old children could already locate the trouble and repair it.


In many clinical cases, uveitis develops secondary to an infection. This could result from peripheral activation followed by ocular penetration and reactivation of T cells specific for microbial Ags expressed in the retina. To gain insights into the pathophysiology of uveitis, we developed a new mouse model based on stable retinal expression of influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) neoantigen by adeno-associated virus-mediated gene transfer. One month thereafter, we adoptively transferred HA-specific T cells, which were activated in vitro or in vivo. Intraocular inflammation was clinically and histologically observed in all animals within 15 days. The ocular infiltrate was composed mostly of macrophages and HA-specific T cells with a proinflammatory cytokine profile. Depletion of CD4 (cid:1) CD25 (cid:1) regulatory T cells exacerbated the disease, whereas HA-specific CD4 (cid:1) CD25 (cid:1) T cells given i.v. con-trolled the disease. This novel model should allow to better study the pathophysiology and therapeutic of uveitis. The Journal of Immunology, 2006, 176: 7171–7179.


Disclosed are an encoding/decoding method relating to adaptive deblocking filtering, and an apparatus therefor. An image decoding method for performing an adaptive filtering in inter-prediction comprises the steps of: restoring, from a bitstream, an image signal including a reference block which is block-matched during inter prediction of a current block to be decoded; obtaining, from the bitstream, a flag indicating whether or not the reference block exists in a current picture in which the current block is located; restoring the current block using the reference block; adaptively applying an in-loop filter to the restored current block on the basis of the obtained flag; and storing, in a decoded picture buffer (DPB), the current block to which the in-loop filter is applied or not applied.


The Regge calculus model of an anisotropic universe with a cosmological constant is studied and the no-boundary wave function is calculated along the steepest descent path based on the classical solution. The wave function has a strong peak at large anisotropy, which predicts that an anisotropic universe is more probably created. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.


From the 1990's there have been an increasing number of countries promoting laws to enhance public participation, transparency and accountability. Regarding legislation, this tendency reached a peak of 52 countries from 2000 to 2010, and currently there are around 102 countries which have enacted laws on 'access to information'. Increasing number of countries with legislation suggests a need for assessment, but how to measure 'impact' and 'compliance' of the legislation considering the complexity of both constructs?
The thesis examines methodological foundations applied to the design, and validation of a conceptual model to assess both constructs. As research problem, the thesis examines which analytical constructs withstand the assessment tests and which are vindicated to be included as independent variables of the conceptual model. Mixed methodology was applied to conduct the research. Papers published in mainstream publications during the last ten years were selected by relevance to create the model. Content analysis, expert panel technique, and statistical analysis were applied to support decisions on (1) dependent variables operationalisation, (2) underpinning components of the model definition, and (3) independent variables inclusion criteria. The proposed model was validated by 17 experts from 10 countries, and it has two dependent and 66 independent variables. The construct 'impact' was measured applying an innovation to Pastakia's matrix – RIAM–, and 'compliance' was assessed through statistical analysis of three questionnaires. The proposed model was applied in public higher education institutions under the legislation in UK and Chile, through case studies.
Although impact and compliance are different constructs, their assessment when examining the incidence of legislation on 'access to information', held by public HEIs reported no considerable asymmetries in term of impact scores and compliance achievements. When major positive impacts were obtained, compliance also reported positive results, and when impact was slightly positive, compliance was equally moderate or good.


Studies of wildlife populations have identified associations between disease resistance and diversity at genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which are involved with adaptive immunity. We compare MHC class II B (MHCIIB) and microsatellite genetic diversity in a population of New Zealand passerine birds, North Island saddlebacks on Mokoia Island, that was also tested for avian malaria. Prevalence of infection was low, and we found no conclusive evidence that infection status was linked to particular MHCIIB alleles. Individual-level MHCIIB nucleotide diversity, and the number of alleles per bird were both lower in infected compared with uninfected samples; however, neither trend was statistically significant. Genetic structure was observed in the MHCIIB dataset, suggesting that selective forces are shaping MHCIIB diversity in this population. Future research would benefit from long-term monitoring of allele frequencies and larger sample sizes where possible. Additionally, including disease intensity data (i.e. the degree of infection in an individual) alongside prevalence data (i.e. presence/absence of infection in an individual) may enhance the ability to detect phenotype-genotype associations in future research.


The 100 m OWL ESO Concept Study has undergone a full review early November 2005. The development of the concept, the conclusions of the review panel and the planned post-review actions for the European Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) to be built by ESO in the next 10 years are presented and discussed.


We consider the fractional Schrödinger-Poisson system (−∆)u+ V (x)u+K(x)Φ(x)u = f(x, u)− Γ(x)|u|q−2u in R, (−∆)Φ = K(x)u in R, where α, β ∈ (0, 1], 4α + 2β > 3, 4 ≤ q < 2α, K(x), Γ(x) and f(x, u) are periodic in x, V is coercive or V = Vper + Vloc is a sum of a periodic potential Vper and a localized potential Vloc. If f has the subcritical growth, but higher than Γ(x)|u|q−2u, we establish the existence and nonexistence of ground state solutions are dependent on the sign of Vloc. Moreover, we prove that such a problem admits infinitely many pairs of geometrically distinct solutions provided that V is periodic and f is odd in u. Finally, we investigate the existence of ground state solutions in the case of coercive potential V .


PRINCIPLES
3435C>T, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in exon 26 of the MDR1 gene, is linked to the variability of P-gp expression and function among different individuals. It was found that ethnic differences exist in the polymorphism of the MDR1(C3435T) gene. However, the distribution of 3435C>T genotypes in the Chinese Han population is not clear up till now.

METHODS
In this study, the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay was applied to assess 3435C>T genotypes in 265 healthy individuals of the Han population of China.

RESULTS
The genotype frequencies were: CC 32% (n = 85), CT 48% (n = 127) and TT 20% (n = 53). C and T allele frequencies were 0.56 and 0.44 respectively. The C allelic frequency for female was 56.5% (T: 43.5%), and 55.9% (T: 44.1%) for male.

CONCLUSIONS
There was no significant difference between females and males (p = 0.92, OR = 1.02, 95%CI: 0.67-1.57) in the present study. The frequency of C-allele was similar to that of some populations in Asia/Europe and was lower than that of populations in Africa. When compared with the study on Singapore-Chinese, some differences were found. The results of this study would be useful for individualised therapy of some diseases, and could have a prognostic implication for the Chinese Han population.


In thermal plants, when pulverized coal is burnt to generate heat, the residue contains 80 per cent fly ash and 20 per cent bottom ash. The ash is carried away through chimney and collected at economizer, air pre-heater and electrostatic precipitator (ESP) hoppers. We analyze the coal fly ash samples by using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. In the present analysis, we observed that the major elements present in the ash samples are Si, Al & Fe and the other minor constituents are Ti, P, S, Mg, Cl, K, Ca, Zn & Sr. The elemental analysis of these samples will be informative to use the fly ash for various applications such as cement manufacturing, ceramic production and as a secondary source in recovery of valuable elements.


In this article,the reason burning of closing coil in actuator of SF 6 circuit breaker is analyzed in detail.Through the disassembly of the actuator,it was found out and disposed for the fault.


Teenagers hardly want to speak their thoughts, making it is hard for adults to understand them. The major concern in China is with teen involvement in underage drinking, smoking, and prostitution. This has also caused teenagers to have terrible mental health situations as they are exposed to the internet where they can access any information. In China, there is a new movement called the Bai lan movement which directly translates to letting it rot and not participate in society at all. Chinese teenagers have picked up this trend too. Therefore, this paper proposes for people who have been through smoking and drinking addiction, prostitution, and depression to come present at schools to tell their story because teenagers do not want to listen to lectures. They simply do not care. These presenters will be revealing stories about their life to inspire the teenagers to transition out of the I dont care mindset to truly solve the root issue. Teen prostitution occurs usually in rural areas, so the program will be collaborating with a local law firm to teach rural teenagers about their own rights, preventing them from vulnerably sharing their information online.


The Community Engagement Initiative developed at the University of South Florida, College of Public Health illustrates the importance of developing partnerships between academia, health departments and community agencies to build capacity and expand the cadre of researchers equipped with skills in community organization, community participation, constituency development, capacity building, community empowerment, and coalition building.  A case study of the organization Champions for Children is provided to demonstrate how the initiative functioned in a real world environment.


 In December 2018, the company drew on the equity line set up in March of last year for the second time, raising an additional €10m. This strengthened its cash position and will allow it to cover all costs associated with the action plan unveiled for 2019.  With an estimated cash position of €14.3m at the end of 2018, visibility on the company's finances is good through Q1 2020. This supports our assumption that it will reach a deal within 18 months of announcing the results of its Ph II hypertension study.  ALQGC intends to launch its pivotal study in hypertension in 2019. It estimates that it can bring firibastat to the market by 2023 and that the drug will achieve peak sales of more than €3bn in 2031, with €723m of this going to ALQGC.  The company also plans to launch a Ph IIb study in heart failure in Q2 2019, which will be a shortterm catalyst given the large size of this market and the fact that the condition is still inadequately treated in patients prior to infarction. Diagnosis and treatment currently rely on a process of exclusion, which is why there is so much therapeutic trial and error today.  Our model now factors in a partnership in 2020, while the phase III hypertension study is still ongoing. We had assumed in our report published in November 2018 that a deal would be signed in 2022, at the end of the phase III.  We have raised our TP (SOP-based) from €9.3 to €12.5 and are keeping the stock on a Buy. The new TP takes into account the €10m raised in December, a move that supports our belief that a deal will be reached in 2020 vs. 2022 for the hypertension programme.


This study aims to determine the effect of demand, fish prices and production costs on the income of traditional fishermen in the Pasirido area, East Manokwari District before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and whether there is a difference in the income of traditional fishermen both before and after the pandemic. The type of this research is quantitative descriptive with the number of samples used in this study are 45 traditional fishermen. According to analysis result, it is known that both before and after pandemic COVID -19 consumption, selling price have a positive and significant effects to the fishermen's income on the other hand cost production has a negative and significant effect. Furthermore, before the pandemic it was known that the average income of fishermen was IDR 2,392,422.22 and after the pandemic the average income of fishermen was IDR 2,174,866.67. In addition, the most dominant variable that affects the income level of fishermen both before and after the pandemic is the variable of consumption or community demand


In this paper, the angular side-play amount created by radiation pressure acting on active space object has been detailed investigated based on the physical optics, and the results are compared with the results by Mie theory; the correctness of the physical optics model is validated. The curves of angular side-play amount varied with the energy density of incident wave, mass of the object, and the angular between the direction of incident wave and initial velocity of the space etc. Using the results having been calculated, we analyzed the detectable conditions of angular side-play amount. A new method, which identifies different active object in space, has been taken out.


This paper presents differential inputs to single ended output transimpedance amplifier (TIA) preceded by voltage amplifier and buffer to derive 1pF load. The main objective of this work is to achieve high trans-impedance gain while meeting other required performances. It is simulated in CMOS AMI Semiconductor's C5 process. For frequency bandwidth extension (−3-dB BW), inductive-peaking technique is employed. The simulation results demonstrate that proposed design of TIA analog front end (TIA-AFE) achieves high transimpedance gain of 110dBΩ and −3-dB bandwidth of 336MHz for 50fF input capacitance. The input noise spectral density is about 1.6 pA/Hz1/2 at frequency 336MHz. TIA consumes 21mW DC power under 5V supply voltage and this design is suitable for optical sensing receiver and other related applications.


The description includes a system for the supply of apparatus with consumables, the supplies are in particular fluids, comprising: a container 4 to the discharge of the operating fluid and a tank 11 for receiving the operating fluid, the system comprising a means 1, 8 for communication, in particular having the fluid between the tank 4 and the tank. 11


In this paper, we show the existence of infinitely many symmetric solutions for a cubic Dirac equation in two dimensions, which appears as effective model in systems related to honeycomb structures. Such equation is critical for the Sobolev embedding and solutions are found by variational methods. Moreover, we also prove smoothness and exponential decay at infinity.


In the first article in this series, the authors gave some design advice for PowerPoint users. This article will concentrate on the mechanics of creating your presentation. It will not tell you anything that cannot be found in the manual, but it will cover those areas that the authors think are most important. PowerPoint is a cross platform software and very often instructions are different depending on whether you are using a Mac or a PC and, indeed, which version of PowerPoint you are using. The article is based on PowerPoint 2000 for Windows and 2001 for Mac. Where there are significant differences we have tried to acknowledge them in brackets, but we apologize in advance for any mistakes that have been made.


The paper aims to verify the existence of the Flying Geese Model (FGM) in the case of inward FDI in Central European Countries (CECs) which are new EU member states; more precisely, to find out in what way and to what extent FDI has contributed to catching up, i.e. to the restructuring process and to productivity growth in CEC manufacturing. The analysis shows that FDI is an important if not the main vehicle of manufacturing sector restructuring and productivity growth in the analysed CECs, along the lines of FGM. In terms of technological intensity, foreign investment enterprises show better structure and faster and more promising restructuring trends than domestic enterprises. Restructuring processes in domestic enterprises are slower. Productivity growth in CEC manufacturing is positively correlated with technological intensity and the level of foreign penetration; the higher the technological level and the higher the foreign penetration, the higher the productivity growth. However, high foreign penetration has a negative impact on productivity growth in high- and medium-high-technology industries. The latter is in line with the criticism of the FGM, maintaining that catching-up via FDI along the lines of FGM is going on mostly in industries at the lower end of the technological intensity spectrum (i.e. at earlier stages of host country development) and less so when it comes to industries at the upper end of the technological intensity spectrum (i.e. at later stages of host country development). The FGM seems to have problems in explaining the catching-up process at more advanced stages of host country development. Also, new EU member states could not rely to a major extent on FDI when attempting to catch up in technologically advanced industries and/or in more advanced stages of development. There, endogenous efforts are indispensable.


The properties of highly luminescent II-VI semiconductor nanoparticles have been extensively investigated to the application field. Generally the optical properties of crystals become extremely different with miniaturization of size [1]. Nanocrystals (NCs) are having an increasing importance due to their influence in different properties due to the quantum confinement stimulated by size decreasing [2]. Electron and phonon confinement is possible by II-VI NCs semiconductor when the size of particles tend to Bohr radius of the bulk crystal exciton showing new physical properties. These intriguing phenomena have been found new applications in telecommunication and Photonics [3]. Potassium dihydrogenophosphate KH2PO4 (KDP) has been recently used as a host matrix of ZnS semiconductor NCs as it is a transparent crystal in the UV-Visible region. KDP is a well known dielectric material for its nonlinear optical and electro-optical properties [4, 5] and well suited for frequency conversion [6]. In the present work, KH2PO4 (KDP) crystals doped with ZnS nanocrystals have been grown in aqueous solution supersaturated at 50°C using the lowering temperature method. X-ray diffraction spectra have shown that ZnS inclusions have been obtained with an average size of about 6.41 nm. The optical gap (Eg=4.01 eV) was deduced from the UV-Vis absorption spectra. The gap shift compared with ZnS bulk crystals (Eg=3.91 eV) could be due to the nanometric size of ZnS particles, revealing the intrinsic quantum confinement effect of these nanocrystals. Nevertheless, following experimental results from structural and optical characterisation the estimation of the ZnS particles size data shows a large dispersion, which must be taking into account. Furthermore, the possibility of embedding II-VI ZnS nanoparticles in KDP crystalline matrix has been proved and these materials present nanoparticles emitting light.


Increasing the current precision of nutrient management will need analytical tools that aid in collecting site specific data. A technology with potential is hyperspectral remote sensing. Modern, portable spectroradiometers permit reflectance data in the spectral region between 350 and 2500 nm to be collected quickly. With the limited sampling, handling, and processing required the technology also offers rapid turn around times, if calibrations can be developed. In this paper the findings of a pilot study examining the use of hyperspectral reflectance spectra of pasture to indirectly assess the phosphorus (P) status of the soil are presented and discussed. Spectral data were collected in spring 2004 and again in summer 2006 from a small area of each of 30 legume-based sheep grazed pasture plots that varied in soil P fertility (Olsen P 6-68 μg/ml). Significant (P<0.05) relationships were found with two commonly used vegetation indices and pasture P content (R >0.80). In an exploratory analysis using all the spectral waveband data, several paired-bands with high coefficients of determination (R) were detected for pasture P and K content, but not for pasture N content, pasture growth rate or pasture dry matter content. The differences detected in pasture P content were consistent with the differences in soil P fertility measured by the Olsen P soil test, as indicated by the relationship between pasture P content and soil Olsen P in both 2004 (R = 0.90) and 2006 (R = 0.86). This pilot study needs to be broadened to examine other methodologies for interpreting the spectral data and extended to other pasture types and soil groups of varying soil fertility.


Segmented polyurethane multiblock polymers containing polydimethylsiloxane and polyether soft segments form tough and easily processed thermoplastic elastomers. Two commercially available examples, Elast-Eon E2A (denoted as E2A) and PurSil 35 (denoted as P35), were evaluated for molecular and mechanical stability after immersion in buffered water for up to 52 weeks at temperatures ranging from 37 to 85 °C. Dynamic mechanical spectroscopy experiments, performed in tension and shear, were used to characterize the linear viscoelastic properties of compression-molded (dry) specimens. Small-angle X-ray scattering measurements indicated a disorganized microphase-separated morphology for all test conditions. Upon aging in phosphate buffered saline, samples of E2A and P35 were analyzed by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and tensile testing as a function of time and temperature. The absolute molar mass of each material prior to aging in water was determined by SEC using a multiangle light scattering detector. ...


To the Editor: —In an article on this subject (The Journal, Jan. 17, 1914, p. 183), Dr. William H. Hough, after giving the opinions of certain other workers, states that with the exception of Myerson they believe this to be the best method yet found in the treatment of paresis and tabes. Ordinarily I should not take exception to a misquotation in a paper; but in this case, in which a new treatment is being discussed and it is very important to have the matter accurately presented, I believe that it will be of advantage to give my experience with the new form of treatment. Contrary to Dr. Hough's statement, I believe salvarsanized serum to be the best form of treatment for paresis and tabes which we have yet devised. The results quoted in my report in theBoston Medical and Surgical Journal, Sept. 18, 1913, and my statement at


The author carries out a linguopoetic analysis of A. A. Voznesensky's poem "Candle Sculptor" ("Skul'ptor Svechei") with a particular focus on its lexical composition and textual associative meaning fields, as well as symbolic, methaphoric and intertextual connections. The poem is devoted to the theme of creativity, which appears in the work as spiritual burning requiring the highest effort and complete dedication from a person. The vocabulary associated with the theme of creativity constructs associative semantic fields, thus determining the basic metaphors and symbols of the text. The poem contains clearly expressed intertextual connections: references to the ancient legend about the sculptor Pygmalion, allusions to the poetic works of V. V. Mayakovsky and B. L. Pasternak, as well as to the text of the Orthodox prayer "Our Father" ("Otche Nash").


Reuse reduces total cost of product but it has its value. As per reuse principle, it is not for free, a reuse program requires a lot of set-up investment as well as additional costs for development and operational activities but benefits are neither linear nor immediate. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the current state of art and practice on cost estimation for a software reuse oriented program by extending the pioneering contribution of other researchers in this direction. A simplified software reuse cost estimation model which presents where, who, how capital investment is done for a reuse program is suggested with various cost effecting factors.


As we reinvent libraries for the twenty-first century, it is appropriate that we revisit our vision of library instruction-an emerging dimension of library services which has been largely pragmatically based. Such a review suggests that four main areas require attention and redefinition: (1) the reference/instruction relationship; (2) the vision of creating the self-sufficient user; (3) the importance of replacing courses with curriculum; and (4) the need for significant outcomes. Firsthand examples from a variety of ARL libraries are used.


The present invention relates to an apparatus for energy supply and / or measurement of electrical activity in a tubular part of a body using a catheter and / or an inflatable balloon (12,112) and at least one electrode (15,115), wherein the distal end (10) of the catheter is arranged with the at least one electrode (15) or the at least one electrode (115) on the outside of an envelope of the balloon (12, 112). To ensure good contact of the at least one electrode (15, 115) to reach the wall of the vessel to be treated, as well as a continuous flow of blood, has the envelope of the balloon (12, 112) in at least one first region (20, 120) has a lower stretchability as different in one of the first portion (20, 120) second portion (22, 122), wherein the distal end (10) of the catheter with the at least one electrode (15) in the at least one first region (20) or the at least an electrode (115) in the at least one second portion (122) of the balloon (12, 112) is arranged.


Motivation
Several freely available tools perform analysis using algorithms developed to identify significant variation of gene expression individually. The transcriptogramer R package uses protein-protein interaction to perform differential expression of functionally associated genes. The software assesses expression profile of entire genetic systems and reveals which biological systems are significantly altered in case-control designed transcriptome experiments.

Results
R/Bioconductor transcriptogramer package projects expression values on an ordered gene list to perform topological analysis, differential expression, and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, independently of data platform or operating system.

Availability
http://bioconductor.org/packages/transcriptogramer.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.


Trend analysis of historical data of rainfall of Agra district has been conducted in the present study using parametric and non-parametric models. The analysis was carried out using 51 years data (1965-2015) of rain gauge station located at meteorological observatory of ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research centre, Agra, Uttar Pradesh. Simple statistical parameters were calculated and it was found that rainfall ranged from 241.4 mm to 1235.1 mm with average annual rainfall 671.58mm. Similarly, annual rainy days ranged from 15 to 55 with average 38. Mann-Kendall, Sen's slope and linear regression methods were used for the trend analysis of rainfall and rainy days data on monthly, seasonal and annual basis. It was found that some of the months are showing rising trend whereas others showing falling trend of rainfall. Similar types of results were found when annual and seasonal rainfall and rainy days series were tested for their trend. In most cases trends were found no significant at 5% significance level except monthly rainfall of May and August months and also for monsoon season rainfall and rainy days.


In a two years' field trial, seeds of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrid LSH-3 were produced either through open or hand (daily pollination as soon as ray florets start appearing, pollination on alternate and interval of two and three days) pollination. The hybrid seed so obtained from different treatments of two pollination modes/ techniques were assayed for different morpho-physiological attributes of seed viz., total number and weight (g) of seeds per capitulum (filled and unfilled), 100-seed weight (g), standard germination, abnormal seedlings and seedling vigour index at 70 and 140 days after harvest. Irrespective of honeybee species (Apis dorsata and A. mellifera), their abundance on seed parent varied from 0.54 (at 14h00) to 1.43 (at 18h00) per capitulum per minute in open pollinated crop. Pollination modes had significant effects on the number and weight (g) of total, filled and unfilled seeds per capitulum and also 100-seed weight (g). Open pollination of seed parent with natural honeybee populations resulted not only in higher hybrid seed yields but also its quality was better than the hybrid seed obtained with other pollination modes. Hybrid seeds obtained with daily hand pollination had germination (66.8%) below the prescribed Indian Minimum Seed Certification Standards (70%) while seeds obtained with hand pollination at three days interval had maximum germination (81.6%), minimum abnormal (3.1%) and most vigourous seedlings (1966.3). However, seeds obtained through open pollination were statistically (P≤0.05) similar to hand pollination at three days interval for seed yield and quality traits. Merits and limitations of each pollination mode along with possible reasons for differential quality of so obtained hybrid seeds have been discussed.


Introduction The extreme surface sensitivity of Low Energy Ion Scattering (LEIS) enables a nondestructive (static) and quantitative analysis of the outermost atoms of the surface. Using highsensitivity LEIS low loadings of the active phase on a highly dispersed support can be detected [1]. For oxidic spinels it was found that only the cations that are present in the octahedral sites are at the outer surface, while the cations in the tetrahedral sites reside just below this surface. A 1:1 correlation between LEIS and catalysis was demonstrated for the selective reduction of nitroto nitrosobenzene [2]. Techniques such as XPS, that probe much deeper, do not show this correlation.


This paper examines the efficiency of galaxy formation and clustering using simple nonlinear models. Under a wide range of conditions, most gravitating objects will become bound to clusters. Few will remain isolated in the general field. The efficiency of clustering becomes especially high if the objects are distributed with the correlation presently observed for galaxies. These results predict that few pregalaxtic structures should now exist between the galaxies.


The predictive value of multiple clinical variables for febrile seizure recurrence was assessed in a follow-up study of 155 Dutch children at the Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital and Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.


During mobilization of the galactomannan reserves in the endosperm of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) there is a small transient increase in free sugars in the cotyledons of the embryo. This is followed by a large increase in starch accumulation; at the same time the storage proteins, and to a lesser extent the lipid reserves, are being mobilized


A new approach to the line spectrum control in the gyrotrons is discussed. This method is based on introduction of the additional reflector in the output waveguide to form quasi-equidistant mode spectrum in the hybrid cavity which includes interaction region and a section of the output waveguide limited by a such reflector. Under sufficiently large exceeding operating current over threshold in the self-modulation regime a spectrum of generation could be close to the set of eigenfrequencies of the hybrid cavity. In this situation the distance between spectrum lines could be controlled by varying the reflector position. The operability of suggested method was demonstrated in the experimental studies of relativistic Ka-band gyrotron where for the first time the selective Bragg-type reflector was used.


The utility model discloses an ink box and a shell, an ink bag and an ink-jet recording device thereof. The ink box comprises an ink containing component, a first casing, a second casing and a third casing, wherein the ink containing component comprises a holding element which is provided with an ink supply opening component and a sealed ink filling opening component, the first casing comprises a holding component which holds the holding element of the ink containing component; the external shape of the second casing is similar to the external shape of the first casing; the third casing is assembled on the lateral face of the component from the ink supply sides of the first casing assembly and the second casing assembly. The first, the second and the third casings can be assembled together and can be taken apart.


Electron-electron interactions and correlations form the basis of difficulties encountered in the theoretical solution of problems dealing with multi-electron systems. Accurate treatment of the electron-electron problem is likely to unravel some nice physical properties of matter embedded in the interaction. In an effort to tackle this many-body problem, an "exact" form of a symmetrydependent pseudopotential for an n-electron atom is suggested in this study. The non-relativistic groundstate ionization potentials for atoms with up to 103 electrons generated using this pseudopotential are in good agreement with the existing experimental data. The symmetry dependence in the proposed pseudopotential hinges on a unique partition function specific to a system. An empirically determined partition function used to generate results for the atoms in this study is also presented. We have also calculated explicitly the exchange correlation energy and predicted cases where it is negative, zero, and positive for the various groundstate energy configurations of atoms. The major limitation in the suggested method is its inability to incorporate spin polarization effects which is likely to enhance agreement with experimental results as already observed in DFT calculations.


High schools can be more effective if they develop an appropriate "culture. " This depends on both autonomy and support for the school.


The therapeutic effect of lithium in Huntington's chorea was tested in six patients through a double‐blind cross‐over comparison of lithium and placebo, each administered for 6 weeks. Four of the patients received neuroleptic drugs at the same time.


This is a press release. Scientists at the NIAMS and colleagues at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville have succeeded in imaging, in unprecedented detail, the virus that causes influenza.


We study the spontaneous-emission properties of a coherently driven four-level atom, and show a few interesting phenomena such as fluorescence quenching, spectral-line narrowing, spectral-line enhancement, and spectral-line elimination. These phenomena can be observed in experiment since the rigorous condition of near-degenerate levels with nonorthogonal dipole moments is not required here. Qualitatively, these phenomena can be attributed to the quantum interference between competitive spontaneous-decay channels in the bare-state picture or the spontaneously generated coherence between two close-lying levels in the dressed-state picture.


i've got a brain too sponge-like absorbing the words that spill out into theory, a heedless ambition checking out the query in practical application, which i practically don't understand evidently. applying theory after theory to my small-town, tiny life as if every indecision was a monumental strife and my friends are looking at me like "wow, this bitch is crazy" and i'm defenseless. a defenseless, crazy bitch wrapped up in a world that exists inside her head alone and no one's there and no one's listening to the ravings of a madman because why would they? that story's only profitable when we can fictionalize it, compartmentalize it and observe it from a safe distance. real life ignores that madman, crazy bitch because freedom of speech is just one of those


Development of terahertz (THz) wave detection technique is crucial for further advancement of various kinds of THz applications such as imaging and non-destructive inspection technique. Due to the existence of Dirac cones which can absorb all light [1], graphene and topological insulator are promising candidates for THz detection [2, 3].


Purpose- This study aims to find the types of politeness strategies used by English teachers during the learning process.
Design/methodology/approach- This study uses a qualitative research method with ethnographic communication design to find politeness strategies in speech used by English teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Prambon. Research data were taken through observation and interviews. Researchers used a coding scheme to analyze the data that has been obtained.
Findings/results – It was found 134 teacher utterances, classified according to politeness strategies that were applied during the English learning process. Of the 134 teacher utterances, there are 35 utterances categorized as positive politeness strategies, 8 utterances as negative politeness strategies, 69 as bald on-record politeness strategies, and 22 utterances as off-record politeness strategies. In other words, the bald on-record strategy is the dominant politeness strategy used by English teachers during the learning process. Thus, the politeness strategies used by teachers are influenced by certain conditions and situations in the classroom.
Originality/value - Politeness strategy is a very crucial thing which needs to be considered in its use based on the appropriate conditions and situations, especially by the teacher as an example or role model for his students is not the case in the delivery of subject matter but also attitude or speech.
Paper type – Research paper
Keywords: Teacher talk, pragmatic, politeness strategies


The general availability of 3-D data interpolation and display tools, and recent reductions in the cost of high performance graphics workstations to run them on, has helped introduce such tools into the mainstream of geoscience interpretation. Many types of data (such as formation tops, fluid contacts, faults, porosity, and seismic data attributes) can be modeled quickly on a full or partial field basis, and visually analyzed by the armchair interpreter.


A 15-year-old African-American male with a history of thrombosis was examined for the Factor V HR2 sequence variation (c.3980A>G, p.H1327R) using PCR followed by RsaI digestion. An anomalous restriction pattern was observed: one strand was uncut (wild type) and the other was cleaved once. However, the fragment sizes were 516bp and 312bp instead of the 447bp and 381bp expected from HR2. Sanger sequencing of the PCR product detected a sequence variant (c.3845A>G) in this patient that creates a RsaI site explaining the novel band pattern. The c.3845A>G variant is found within one of four 27bp repeats found in exon 13 of the F5 gene. The HR2 variant is also present in one of the repeats. In this patient's case, the cleavage occurred in an abnormal location (c.3845A>G instead of c.3980A>G), creating the novel banding pattern observed.
 Six additional patients being tested for hypercoagulable states were evaluated with the FV HR2 assay and were found to have the same abnormal restriction pattern. The ethnicity of these other patients was not available to our laboratory. Sanger sequencing confirmed the presence of c.3845A>G sequence variant in each of these patients. Unlike the HR2 and FV Leiden variants, the c.3845A>G, p.H1282R variant (rs143333036) is most common in African populations (Minor Allele Frequency 0.012) but the clinical consequences of this variant are unclear. The variant lies within a 27bp repeat similar to the HR2 site and might cause it to be associated with a thrombotic risk similar to the HR2 variant. Further investigation will be required to determine whether the c.3845A>G variant is a population variant with no clinical consequences or whether it represents a genetic prothrombotic risk factor in certain patient populations. Nevertheless, in the laboratory the c.3845A>G, p.H1282R sequence variant may confound results when testing patients for the HR2 (rs1800595) variation.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The properties of clays can be significantly improved by treating with calcium-based stabilizers (or additives) such as hydrated lime (or lime), Portland cement, cement kiln dust (CKD), and class C fly ash (CFA). In the presence of water, the calcium ions released from these stabilizers reduce the thickness of double diffused layer through cation-exchange and flocculation-agglomeration reactions. This is primarily responsible for improvement in workability through reduction of adsorbed water and decrease in plasticity index. In longterm, pozzolanic reactions occur between the calcium ions of the stabilizer and the silica and alumina of the clay minerals resulting in the formation of cementitious products such as calcium-silicate-hydrates (C-S-H), calcium-aluminate-hydrates (C-A-H), and calciumaluminum-silicate-hydrates (C-A-S-H). The reaction may be written as:


We show that, in a model with substitutability between capital and resources, the path of sustainable development may be non-smooth, and may exhibit the overshooting property: starting from low levels of capital and resources, the economy may accumulate capital beyond its steady-state level, before converging to it in finite time. Nous demontrons que, dans un modele avec la substitution entre le capital et les ressources naturelles, le sentier du developpement peut etre non-monotone. Si l'on commence avec un niveau faible de capital et de ressources naturelles, le sentier optimal peut depasse le niveau du capital de l'etat stationnaire. La convergence s'effectue en temps fini.


Increasing farmers' income effectively is one of the key issues in promoting rural social development and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.In industrialization of agriculture,there is a mutually promoting and conditioning close relationship between increasing farmers' income and developing leading companies.The presence of leading companies is of great significance to the industrialization process of agriculture in a region,and its advancement of rural income is the decisive factor in industrialization of agriculture.Fully researching and properly handling the relationship between the two is of theoretical and practical significance to further strengthening the stimulus to increasing rural income by leading companies in industrialization of agriculture in Guizhou.


A good library service is one that can meet the needs, tastes, interests and desires of users. So, through library services, users can obtain the information they need optimally and take advantage of the various search tools available. This research uses a type of qualitative research that requires as much information and data as possible to achieve the research objectives. This type of research is a case study because this research is carried out in depth with an institution and with a narrow subject. As a case study, the data collected comes from various sources of literature. This research resulted in that in the UINSU library itself, library service activities in tracing student information were quite good, starting from the service of time, place, and other excellent services that were included in the best service category.
Keywords: Information Retrieval, Information Services, Libraries


The brain is one of the most critical organs of the human body during life-threatening and injury sustaining accidents. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to mechanical insult of the head is a leading cause of death and life-long disability in the United States. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) has estimated that, on average, 1.4 million Americans sustain TBI every year, 20% of which are the result of motor vehicle-traffic accidents. Nearly 50,000 people die of TBI each year. Around 5.3 million Americans currently have long-term disabilities after sustaining a TBI. Some of these long-term disabilities are linked to functional changes affecting thinking, sensation, language and emotions [1]. Direct and indirect medical costs related to TBI amounted to an estimated $60 billion in the United States in 2000 [2]. TBIs have a deep impact on our society and require effective protective measures to curb consequent injuries and disabilities [3].Copyright © 2009 by ASME


Dr. WELLS asked leave to explain his meaning. He said it was difficult to ascertaini the exact proportion of cases which cleared up. He had to take, for a certain period, a large number of cases which had been operated upon in hospital, and to find out whether they cleared up as a result of the first operation. In that series he found that 15 per cent. to 20 per cent. was the proportion which had cleared up. That might not be the true figure foi all cases, but in the majority of instances the patients who were operated upon needed something further in order to get them well. The procedure was as applicable to adults as to children, and he did not consider the treatment an unpleasant one. He had a special clinic where over 2,000 ionizations a year were being done, and in the great majority no unpleasant symptoms were caused. , In answer to Mr. Fraser he (the speaker) did not suggest that the radical mastoid operation was not successful; his idea was to find out whether, by ionization, the length of the after-treatment could be diminished, andl his conclusion was that ionization, applied intelligently, did accomplish that.


Abstract : The larger the Mach number for which a supersonic nozzle is designed, the smaller the characteristic Reynolds number and, consequently, the larger the region of flow occupied by the boundary layer. For given diameters of the exhaust nozzle cross section and given flow parameters, a reduction of the boundary layer may be achieved by a reduction in nozzle length. Nozzles with a broken generatrix or nozzles with an angle point are of minimum length. U. G. Pirumov et al. (Chislennyye metody v gazovoy dinamike, Sbornik rabot, VTs MGU, no. 2, 1963) presented earlier a method for the design of axisymmetric nozzles with an angle point in the presence of equilibrium physicochemical transformation. The correction of the shape discussed in the present paper is supposed to secure a constant Mach number equal to the exit value M sub O in viscous flow along the axis of the nozzle (starting with a certain point). Following the known procedure of the boundary layer theory, the corrected shape is obtained from the original one by the shift in the direction of the outward normal through a distance equal to the thickness of the boundary layer displacement. Results are calculated for the M sub O value of 10. (Author)


Leaves of 10 different plant species utilized by the kudu were collected, dried and ground. This material was used to determine DM digestibility, gas production and VFA production during in vitro fermentation with rumen fluid obtained from kudu. Plants preferred by the kudu had a higher IVDMD and VFA energy yield than those not eaten so readily. Peltophorum africanum produced less VFA energy than the control, probably due to inhibition of fermentation by phenolic compounds.


Polymeric materials are becoming increasingly popular as prosthetic materials in orthopedic surgery. One of these materials, polyethylene, is capable of being fabricated in a porous form suitable for tissue ingrowth. Porous polyethylene appears to be well suited for prosthesis attachment when bonded to its solid form of other prosthetic materials. Extensive bone growth into porous cylindrical specimens implanted in the canine femur has occurred as early as four weeks. Ingrown tissues appear normal and there is minimal inflammatory response. Mechanical strength of the porous material, though not as great as that of the solid material, does appear to be sufficient for certain orthopedic applications. Current research is directed toward determining interfacial strengths and the mechanical properties of the porous polyethylene-bone composite.


Introduction. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Risk factors include genetic predispositions, infl ammatory bowel diseases and the lifestyle. Colorectal cancer is still late diagnosed. The village residents have a more diffi cult access to preventive activities, which may have an impact on their health behaviours. The aim. Analysis of villagers' behaviours in prevention of colorectal cancer. Material and Methods: 160 inhabitants participated in the study. The criteria for participation in the study were the age below 40 and the lack of diagnosed colorectal cancer. The research tool was an original questionnaire consisting of a metric and a scale of health behaviours classifi ed in fi ve areas. Results. Participants of the study undertook health behaviours most frequently in the area of drug avoidance (M = 1.79), and the least frequently in the area of physical activity (M = 2.86) and nutrition (M = 2.68). People with more risk factors, professionally active people, as well as better educated people were more likely to have prophylactic examinations (p < 0.05). The older the participants were, the less frequently they used stimulants (p = 0.0001). Women show more frequent health behaviours in the following categories: nutrition, stimulants (p = 0.0008) and prophylactic tests (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The village dwellers with a higher number of risk factors implement signifi cantly less frequently health behaviours in the prevention of colorectal cancer. Participants take up physical activity and undergo preventive examinations rarely. It is necessary to create the infrastructure for physical activity and information campaigns for the rural community. They should be particularly targeted at unemployed residents of rural areas, men and elderly people.


"The Rain Song" is considered one of the most notable poems of modern Arabic poetry in general and of B. S. Al Sayyab in particular. It is a landmark in the history of modern Arabic poetry. The present paper aims at unearthing the seeds of T. S. Eliot in Al Sayyab's poem ''The Rain Song''. Eliot is a literary figure who reshaped the literary scene not only in England, but also in the world. Accordingly, the present paper has ploughed the soil of the poem ''The Rain Song'' to discover some scattered Eliotic seeds. Modernism affected Arabic poetry early in the first half of the twentieth century. As a translator and a poet, Al Sayyab is able to delve into English poetry which becomes a catalyst that has infused him to modernize the Arabic poem. Unmistakably, Al Sayyab does not copy the Eliotic techniques of modernism. He has blended them to create something new and creative based upon the Arabic heritage. This study concludes that the free verse, mythical, imagist, symbolic, and allusive methods are the Eliotic seeds implanted in ''The Rain Song''. Such new techniques were not used in the classical Arabic poetry. Some examples of these seeds and fingerprints, in ''The Rain Song'', are presented in this study.


The general situation of the design of box beams for bridges on high speed railway in Korea are introduced,as well as the precasting of the box beam,its transportation and erection.The personal understandings concerned with the design and construction of the box beams are also described by the authors.


Objective:To determine the content and the related substances of pioglitazone by RP-HPLC. Methods:The column:ODS C 18 column(4 6 mm×250 mm,filler:Kromasil, size:5 μm);The mobile phase:acetonitrile-water-acetic acid (45∶55∶0 3,to make up the pH 5 50±0 05 with ammonia);The flow rate:1 2 mL·min -1 ;The detective wave length:269 nm.Results:The linear range of the determination by RP-HPLC is 0 01~1 0 mg·mL -1 ;The correlation coefficient is 0 999 9;The least detective range is 0 2 ng;The sample solution is stable within 10 days;The precision in a day (RSD1 0%)and during the days (RSD2 0%)are good.Conclusions:The method to determine the content and the related substances of pioglitazone by RP-HPLC is easy to operate and the results of the determination is accurate.


The assessment of residual urine forms an essential part of the investigation of many urological patients, particularly those with suspected urinary outflow obstruction; the presence of residual urine may influence their management. Generally, it is necessary to measure the volume of residual urine to assess bladder function. The advantages of establishing a simple non-invasive method to measure bladder volume have long been recognized. Various methods of assessing residual urinary volumes exist, including abdominal palpation, the use of postvoiding films from excretory urography and excretion tests using phenolsulphaphtalein or radiolabeled compounds. The most commonly used and accurate technique, catheterisation of the bladder, has the risk of introducing infection and traumatizing the urethra. A method to assess residual urine that is simple, safe, easily repeatable, non-invasive and accurate would be considerable value in clinical practice. in our study we compared the ultrasonically measured residual volumes measured by catheterisation. We describe an ultrasound method for the measurement of residual urine that is quick, easy to perform, accurate and causes no discomfort to the patient.


Categories which we call "sufficiently algebraic" are defined, and for certain objects A (called faithful) in such categories, and arbitrary objects C, we partially order the sets Ext (C, A) of extensions of A by C. We prove that the maximal elements in Ext (C, A) (with respect to this ordering) are in bijective correspondence with the morphisms from C to a canonical object O(A). If the short five lemma holds in the category, all extensions are maximal and therefore obtained in this way. As an application we compute extensions in certain categories of topological rings. In particular we investigate the possible extensions of one group algebra (of a locally compact group) by another in the category of Banach algebras with norm decreasing homomorphisms, and using some analytic tools we give conditions for the splitting of such extensions. Previous results of the author on extensions of C*-algebras are also included in this theory as a special case. Introduction. In a previous paper [1], the author considered extensions in the category of C*-algebras. In the present paper we give a general categorical setting for results from [1] and we apply the results to some categories which are useful in analysis and substantially less well behaved than the category of C*-algebras. Specifically in ?1 we define, for certain categories, objects which we call faithful. We show that if A is a faithful object and C is any object in the category, there is a bijective correspondence between Hom (C, O(A)) and all "greatest" elements in certain subsets of Ext (C, A). O(A) is an object whose nature is explicitly exhibited. If the short five lemma from category theory holds (see [8, Proposition 21.1]), which it does not in some categories useful for analysis, then we get all of Ext (C, A) in the correspondence. In ?2 we give some examples to illustrate the main result. The theory requires little of a category and in fact seems useful only in categories which are not too well behaved. For example, abelian categories trivially have the properties which we will require, but they would seem to contain no faithful objects. The best examples are various categories of topological rings. In ?3, we apply the theory to the problem of extending one group algebra (of a locally compact group) by another or by a measure algebra. Our very complete Received by the editors December 12, 1969. AMS 1969 subject classifications. Primary 4650; Secondary 4680, 1810.


A bstrAct Critically ill patients need appropriate nutritional supplementation for their energy requirements during their intensive care unit (ICU) stay and even after ICU stay. 1 Any critical illness is a catabolic state and all critically ill patients have an ongoing low-grade inflammation and protein catabolism referred to as persistent inflammatory catabolism syndrome (PICS). 2 Adequate supplementation of nutrition attenuates the stress response and modulates immune responses. The aim of nutritional supplementation is to supplement both macro-and micronutrient requirements. Careful supplementation of protein and caloric intake can avoid under-and overfeeding and will decrease the hospital stay and morbidity. Route of supplementation, that is, oral, enteral, or parenteral depends on the patient's hemodynamic status and gastrointestinal functioning. Initiation of feeding within 24–48 hours of critical illness has been recommended. Also, early start of physical exercise has favorable effect on muscle preservation and reduces protein catabolism. The patient's outcome in intensive care depends upon the timing of nutrition, amount, and type of nutrition.


A simple land cover classification scheme is proposed based on energy absorption and exchange properties of various land cover types, observable from remote sensing. Seasonal trajectories of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and surface temperature (Ts), routinely available from NOAA/AVHRR (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer), are used to characterize different land cover types into four groups: water limited (shrub, grass), energy limited (wetlands, boreal forests, snow, ice, and water), atmospherically coupled (aerodynamically rough canopies, forests), and atmospherically decoupled (aerodynamically smooth canopies, crops). Further separation is achieved using growing-season average NDVI for shrub and grass, seasonal NDVI amplitude for deciduous vs. evergreen, and near-infrared (NIR) reflectance for broadleaf vs. needleleaf vegetation. The methodology using threshold-based rules is completely remote sensing based; classification rules ...


There are a number of ongoing programs, teaming LLNL and industry, directed toward commercial applications of diode-pumped solid-state lasers (DPSSLs). Several programs, including direct optical lithography in the near UV, extreme-ultraviolet lithography (EUVL), and materials processing, share similar goals: demonstrating key solid-state laser technologies required for advanced manufacturing tools. These all share similar laser requirements. Specifically, the laser source must be capable of simultaneously producing high average power (300 to 500 W) at high repetition rates (700 Hz to 1.3 kHz) with high beam quality (less than several times the diffraction limit), good pointing stability, and pulse widths varying from (~10 ns to 1 μs).


A new method for reduction of transient torques in a three phase induction motor, for starting from rest is described. In this method an initial DC current in the stator windings is necessary. The procedure to find the necessary amount of this current is explained. The method is also tested in a digital simulation and compared with one of the previously proposed methods.<<ETX>>


The issue of taxation has become more important due to a significant share of the government revenue. There are several ways of expressing the tax burden of countries. This paper describes the traditional approach as a share of tax revenue to GDP which is applied to the total taxation and the capital taxation as a part of tax systems affecting investment decisions. The implicit tax rate on capital created by Eurostat also offers a possible explanation of the tax burden on capital, so its components are analysed in detail. This study uses one of the econometric methods called the hierarchical clustering. The data on which the clustering is based comprises countries in the EU27 for the period of 1995 – 2012. The aim of this paper is to reveal clusters of countries in the EU27 with similar tax burden or tax changes. The findings suggest that mainly newly acceding countries (2004 and 2007) are in a group of countries with a low tax burden which tried to encourage investors by favourable tax rates. On the other hand, there are mostly countries from the original EU15. Some clusters may be explained by similar historical development, geographic and demographic characteristics.


In 1942, during China's war against Japan, I happened to be a solitary American traveling with a party of Chinese from Chengdu to Lanzhou and beyond. They were officials and engineers of the National Resources Commission, with a sprinkling of journalists. All were college graduates; many had advanced degrees from foreign study. We rode together intimately in a small bus, and our first main objective was Hanzhong in southern Shaanxi. Almost from the start I noticed that my companions were having vigorous discussions that seemed to involve the old names of various towns that our road passed through. Changing placenames are one of the problems of Chinese history, and I paid little attention. About the third day the discussions could no longer be ignored. Our youngest member, the Dagong bao correspondent, excitedly announced that the walled town we were approaching was the site of Zhuge Liang's "Empty City Stratagem." The whole area we were passing through, it turned out, had been the scene of many hard-fought campaigns during the wars of the Three Kingdoms. Years before, as a boy in China, I had heard vaguely of the famous novel. Travel in Sichuan in those days was by sedan chair. About once an hour the bearers would set us down while they regained strength at a tea shop. Sometimes, sitting at a small raised table at the rear, there would be a storyteller. To my queries, my patient father usually replied: "Probably something from Three Kingdoms" Also, we occasionally saw a snatch of Chinese opera. Again, it seemed to be "something from Three Kingdoms" But the tea shop rests were brief, and missionary families did not spend much time at the Chinese opera. Having read


Siddha system of medicine is ancient and traditional medicine based on pancha bootha theory and taste based medicine. Human body also based on pancha bootha theory, any imbalance in pancha bootham in human body alter the three vital humors (Vatham, Pitham and Kabam) causes disesease in human.20 So human disease can be treated with panchabootha theory based siddha drugs. Pacchai Karpoora mathirai is siddha medicine used for treating all type of fever (Suram) Especially kabasuram. Kabasuram is a siddha term more are less co related to Bronchitis in modern aspect of medicine in pediatric age group. Author decided to use a Pacchai karpoora mathirai for treating the kabasuram (Bronchitis) based on ingridients in the drug.13,14,15,16,17. The bio-chemical analysis of Pacchai Karpoora Mathirai was done in Biochemistry lab, National Institute of siddha, Chennai-47. Preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening was done by Kolkate (1) method. The bio-chemical analysis shows the presence of Carbonate, Aluminium, Zinc, Magnesium.


A specific quantitative analysis method for iprobenfos.isoprothiolane 40% EC by GC was reported.The sample was separated in a column packed with 5% OV-101 using dibutyl phthalate as internal standard and detected by flame ionization detector.The results showed that the standard deviation for iprobenfos and isoprothiolane were 0.096 and 0.129,the coefficient of variation were 0.32 and 1.24%,the recoveries were between 98.94-101.17% and 98.97-100.45%.


In this paper, a physics-based single-piece solution for the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) charge density (ns) for the generic metal-insulator-semiconductor highelectron-mobility transistor (MIS-HEMT) is derived. The ns model includes the two lowest subbands as well as the subthreshold region and varying temperatures. It is validated by comparison with the (exact) numerical ns solutions.


The invention relates to a preparation method of an oil-water separation omentum with underwater ultra oleophobicity. The method comprises the steps that by using a woven fiber net of 400-2000 mesh as the substrate, and combining the inorganic nano particles with hydrogel, the surface roughness of the hydrogel is improved to enhance the surface hydrophilicity of the omentum; by using the method of photo polymerization, the meshes of the woven fiber net are coated with a hydrogel coating layer which has a nanocomposite structure and is formed with cross-linked polymer and inorganic nanoparticles, and then the oil-water separation omentum with underwater ultra oleophobicity is obtained. The oil-water separation omentum prepared by the method has the advantages of a large water flux, a fast speed of oil-water separation, and no need to modify the woven fiber net.


Significance The recent decline of the monarch butterfly has attracted a great deal of attention. One of the leading hypotheses blames genetically modified (GM) crops, ostensibly because of the impact of GM-related herbicide use on the monarch's food plants, milkweeds. Here, we use museum specimen records to chart monarch and milkweed occurrence over the past century (1900 to 2016), dating well before previous datasets begin (in 1993). We show that monarch and milkweed declines begin around 1950 and continue until the present day. Whatever factors caused milkweed and monarch declines prior to the introduction of GM crops may still be at play, and, hence, laying the blame so heavily on GM crops is neither parsimonious nor well supported by data. Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) decline over the past 25 years has received considerable public and scientific attention, in large part because its decline, and that of its milkweed (Asclepias spp.) host plant, have been linked to genetically modified (GM) crops and associated herbicide use. Here, we use museum and herbaria specimens to extend our knowledge of the dynamics of both monarchs and milkweeds in the United States to more than a century, from 1900 to 2016. We show that both monarchs and milkweeds increased during the early 20th century and that recent declines are actually part of a much longer-term decline in both monarchs and milkweed beginning around 1950. Herbicide-resistant crops, therefore, are clearly not the only culprit and, likely, not even the primary culprit: Not only did monarch and milkweed declines begin decades before GM crops were introduced, but other variables, particularly a decline in the number of farms, predict common milkweed trends more strongly over the period studied here.


We propose a new formulation about quadratic optimization problems. The objective function F (f(x), g(x)) is given as composition of a quadratic function F (z) with two n-variate quadratic functions z1 = f(x) and z2 = g(x). In addition, it incorporates with a set of linear inequality constraints in z = (z1, z2) T , while having an implicit constraint that z belongs to the joint numerical range of (f, g). The formulation is very general in the sense that it covers quadratic programming with a single quadratic constraint of all types, including the inequality-type, the equality-type, and the interval-type. Even more, the composition of "quadratic with quadratics" as well as the joint numerical range constraint all together allow us to formulate existing unsolved (or not solved efficiently) problems into the new model. In this paper, we solve the quadratic hypersurfaces intersection problem (QSIC) proposed by Pólik and Terlaky; and the problem (AQP) to minimize the absolute value of a quadratic function over a quadratic constraint proposed by Ye and Zhang. We show that, when F (z) and the joint numerical range constraint are both convex, the optimal value of the convex optimization problem can be obtained by solving an SDP followed from a new development of the S-procedure. The optimal solution can be approximated by conducting a bisection method on [0,2π]. On the other hand, if the joint numerical range of f(x) and g(x) is non-convex, the respective quadratic matrices of f(x) and g(x) must be linearly dependent. The linear dependence property enables us to solve (QSIC) and (AQP) accordingly by elementary analysis. Huu-Quang Nguyen Institute of Natural Science Education, Vinh University, Vinh, Nghe An, Vietnam Department of Mathematics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Ruey-Lin Sheu Department of Mathematics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Yong Xia LMIB of the Ministry of Education, School of Mathematics and System Sciences, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com 2 Huu-Quang Nguyen et al.


The Self-presentation is the process in which people control their desired impression formed among others.But there is individual difference in the self-presentation,that is,some people make their behavior consistent with inner state,others' behaviors change with situations.The differences result from the types of self-monitors,which match the self-identity.This paper explores whether(1)the self-presentation changes with the situations,(2)whether the individual difference of self-presentation could be interpreted by the self-monitor,and(3) whether self monitor correlates with self-identity.The result of experiment 1 shows that the subjects' attitudes change more when their attitudes are different than when they are the same with the others.Experiment 2 suggests that subjects' attitudes changes could be predicted by the style of self-monitors.Experiment 3 implies that self-monitor correlates with self-identity significantly.Finally,the results are discussed in terms of the implication of self-monitor typical social behaviors.


In over‐the‐horizon radar (OTHR) moving target detection, the signal to clutter ratio (SCR) is low for slow targets near the clutter, such as ships. One method to detect a moving target is to first reject the clutter and improve the SCR before the detection, such as the adaptive Fourier transform developed by Root [1998a , 1998b , 1998c] when a target moves uniformly. When a target does not move uniformly, the Fourier‐based techniques for the target detection including superresolution techniques may not work well. In this paper, we propose an adaptive chirplet transform technique in the Doppler processing in OTHR as an alternative of the Fourier transform technique when a target moves nonuniformly.


Failure of debris flow fan is distinct from the common rock and soil slope failure due to the unique geotechnical features of debris flow sediment. However, this type of failure has not been comprehensively and systematically studied in the past. In our recent research, a practical subroutine is developed to interpret the slope stability using a Visual Basic application embedded in Microsoft Excel. The Spencer slicing method with varying physical parameters along the slice depth is used to search for the noncircular critical slip surface from a calculated circular critical slip surface. This is done using spreadsheet-automated constrained optimization. The results are then compared with in situ observed slip surface. The in situ experiment indicated that the water content hardly changed at a depth of 50 cm beneath the surface after a period of concentrated artificial rainfall, but the landslide failed anyway. With the increase in height of the soil layer, the calculated safety factor gradually decreased and an optimized noncircular slip surface with an average height of 2.4 m was obtained satisfying all the constraints and assumptions. However, there was a discrepancy between the calculated slip Surface and the actual sliding surface, despite using parameters adopted from the in situ experiment and laboratory testing. Briefly, the method of slices to perform slope stability analysis for investigating slope failure of debris flow fans was unsuccessful due mainly to inconsistencies between the stability analysis and experimental observation.


Abstract Steady state stress analysis was carried out on a typical automotive turbocharger centrifugal compressor impeller using the finite element method and the concept of cyclic symmetry. Since the rotational speed of the impeller is very high and the size of the impeller is quite small, experimental verification of the stresses is extremely difficult. A novel method of measuring the radial growth of the impeller tip has been presented and a suitable instrumentation was designed and developed. This paper describes the numerical and experimental work carried out on a centrifugal compressor impeller


The article presents a study of genetic polymorphism of the natural population of the great sturgeon of the Azov-Black Sea basin using the analysis of the control region of mitochondrial DNA (D-loop) by capillary electrophoresis with the detection of a fluorescence signal. In the study, it was found that the two studied samples of the populations of the Black and Azov Seas do not have significant genetic differentiation among themselves (P<0.5). However, the overall genetic diversity in the natural population of the Azov-Black Sea basin in the period 2001-2010 was at a relatively high level.


The title relationship are measured by experimental study in the light of the humic acid obtained by the same raw material. It is put forward that the different property of KHm is due to the different functional group leading to its modification. The losing quantity of drilling liquid during filtering relates to the functional group.


This article investigates the origins of the suffix "-ese" and its original meaning; examines the words formed with this suffix and their meaning; expounds his personal views concerning some of such formations as described in some books and dictionaries and repudiates the erroneous opinions expressed by an American Chinese in his article carried out in Guangzhou Evening Paper.


This report is a discussion of the 1984 report 'An automatic proof procedure for several geometries' by Th. Bruyn and H.L. Claasen, inspired by a personal desire to understand the work of Th. Bruyn. See: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b768c6ce-f625-4236-9b0b-32a47fab143e Bruyn and Claasen prove that certain true propositions of the theory of intersections within the two-dimensional projective geometry over the real numbers can be formulated by use of figures. It is proven that figures obtained by manipulating these figures will also correspond to propositions. The method to do so proves that the obtained propositions are a direct consequence of the original propositions and are therefore proven to be true. One of their main results is to use the theorem of Pappus to generate the theorem of Desargues, thereby proving that Desargues follows from Pappus (something that is well known in projective geometry). This report aims to give a comprehensive explanation of their method as well as a detailed demonstration of their procedure. It is a summary of their work with added explanations and examples.


Side-chain prediction is an important subtask in the protein-folding problem. We show that finding a minimal energy side-chain configuration is equivalent to performing inference in an undirected graphical model. The graphical model is relatively sparse yet has many cycles. We used this equivalence to assess the performance of approximate inference algorithms in a real-world setting. Specifically, we were interested in two questions: (1) which approximate inference algorithms give superior performance and (2) how does this performance compare to the state-of-the-art in computational biology. We looked at three tasks in side-chain graphical models — finding the minimal energy configuration, finding the M best configurations and approximating the free energy and conformational entropy. In all three subtasks we found that belief propagation gave the best results among the approximate inference algorithms and in many cases it outperformed the state-of-the-art in algorithms developed in the computational biology field.


Objective To investigate the target plasma EC50 of propofol given by target-controlled infusion at loss of consciousness in female patients undergoing epidural block.Methods One hundred female patients undergoing oophorectomy or hysterectomy were included into the study.All patients received epidural anesthesia in routine.Preoperatively propofol was given by target-controlled infusion using Diprifusor target-controlled infusion system according to sequential experimental method.The target-controlled infusion of propofol started at a target plasma concentration of 3.8 μg/mL.The gradient of increase or decrease was 0.2 μg/mL.No answer to speaking or eyelash abolition of reflex was as the hypnagogic index.Blood pressure,heart rate and bispectral index were monitored during the study.Results The target plasma EC50 of propofol by target-controlled infusion in female patients undergoing epidural block was 3.0 μg/mL.The bispectral index of two groups had statistic difference.Conclusion By adjusting the target plasma concentration of propofol,the depth of anesthesia is adjusted to the best in female patients undergoing epidural block.Bispectral index is an effective index for monitoring depth of anesthesia.


�cells did not express estrogen receptor (ERα), confirming their undifferentiated phenotype. In conclusion, scanning cytometry is a preferable method for evaluation of the number and localization of MaSC in situ, whereas, flow cytometry with cell sorting enables further genomic and biochemical analyses of isolated cells.


Measures against TSE has been compiled basically in the Regulation (EC) 999/2001 (and following amendments), which is in force throughout the EU. As the intelligence on TSE develops rapidly, such amendments are to be expected regularly, and also the legal situation must be communicated on a regular basis. Here, actual measures on animal by-products and the present definition of SRM would be presented, as well the present legal procedure with the vertebral column of cattle and with the cutting of heads of cattle.


The fluid mechanics of self-propelling, slender uniflagellar micro-organisms is examined theoretically. The mathematical analysis of these motions is based upon the Stokes equations, and the body is represented by a continuous distribution of stokeslets and doublets of undetermined strength. Since the body is self-propelling, additional constraints on the total force and moment upon it are applied. A system of singular integral and auxiliary equations, in which the propulsive velocity and viscous force per unit length are the unknowns, is derived. The vector integral equation is decomposed into near- and far-field contributions, and the solution is determined by a straightforward iterative procedure. The flagella considered are of constant radius and are restricted to planar undulations. The analysis is applied to a small amplitude wave form of infinite length, and a third-order analytic solution is obtained. By means of numerical computation, the method is extended to large amplitude wave forms of both infinite and finite length. The validity and accuracy of the solution method, the effect of local curvature, and an approximate model for an attached cell body-proper are evaluated in light of alternative theories. The solution method is systematically applied to a variety of wave-form shapes representative of actual flagella. For a sinusoidal wave form, the variations in propulsive velocity, power output and propulsive efficiency are examined as functions of the number of wavelengths on the flagellum, the amplitude and the flagellar radius. Wave forms of variable amplitude and variable wavelength are also considered. Among the significant results are the effect of the cell body on pitching, the significant differences between constant frequency and constant phase-speed undulations for variable wavelength wave forms, and comparisons with other pertinent theories.