Social interaction is an influential factor in shaping a community in a small island. There is a lack of study on how multi-ethnic groups of people living in a small island have shaped their community and maintained social harmony. This study identifies and analyzes the social interaction of residents in Karanrang Island in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It focuses on how the social behavior of the residents has formed the spatial pattern of residential and community areas, including open spaces. Data of the residents' social behavior, activities, spatial layout of buildings, pathways, and major amenities were gathered from spatial mapping and on-site surveys. The analysis of socio-spatial patterns used the space syntax analysis method, namely Axial Analysis and Visibility Graph Analysis (VGA). The result shows that socio-spatial integration tends to occur in the irregular spatial configuration of residential areas, whereas socio-spatial segregation tends to occur in the regular spatial configuration. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of socio-spatial relation, the factors of activity location, residential density, and distance between houses significantly relate to social aspects such as community participation in social activities and willingness to assist neighbors. These findings are expected to provide consideration for the development of the socio-spatial structure that is suitable with the characteristics of small island communities, also to contribute to the sustainability of social order in the residential neighborhood of small islands.


Photovoltaic solar energy is an intermittent technology that depends directly on the presence of solar radiation, its performance is linked to other factors such as the location and ambient temperature of the site. As the surface of a photovoltaic module heats up, negatively affects its efficiency and reliability, cells lose approximately 0.5%/°C of performance when their temperature increases relative to STC. There are several strategies to improve the performance of photovoltaic modules and this research emphasizes three of them: Green roof, Water-cooling and Reflective Surface. Experimentally, the three strategies mentioned and the combination of them with respect to a base scenario are compared. The results showed that the Reflective Surface performance improvement strategies and the combination of them are optimal, increasing energy production by 9.94% and 13.8%, compared to the base scenario. Other alternatives such as Green roof and Water-cooling were considered, but only achieved increases of 1.13% and 4.62%, respectively.


The title mononuclear CuII complex, [Cu(C8H5O3)2(C10H8N2)], is comprised of a CuII cation, two 4-formylbenzoate (L −) ligands and a 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy) ligand. The CuII ion and bipy ligand lie on a crystallographic twofold rotation axis; the CuII ion is coordinated by two N atoms from one bipy ligand and two O atoms from two different carboxylate groups of two L − ligands, exhibiting effectively a distorted square-planar geometry. The complex molecules are interlinked to generate two-dimensional supramolecular layers in the ab plane, formed by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, where the O acceptor is the O atom from the carboxylate group not involved in coordination to the CuII ion. The two-dimensional layers are stacked in a sequence via C—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding interactions where the formyl O atom acts as acceptor.


. The differential geometry of tangent bundles was studied by several authors, for example: Davies [ 4 ], Yano and Davies [ 5 ], Dombrowski [ 6 ], Ledger and Yano [ 9 ] and Blair [ 1 ], among others. It is well known that an almost complex structure defined on a differentiable manifold M of class C ∞ can be lifted to the same type of structure on its tangent bundle T ( M ). However, when we consider an almost contact structure, we do not get the same type of structure on T ( M ). In this case we consider an odd dimensional base manifold while our tangent bundle remains to be even dimensional. The purpose of this paper is to examine certain structures on the base manifold M in relation to that of the tangent bundle T ( M ).


The application character,the hierarchical structure and each layer's function of CAN bus system are described.At the same time,because of the papers are almost about the frame structure and bit timing,based on the knowledge of structure of CAN bus system by engineering practice and in-depth understanding of controller and transceiver,we also analysis deeply the communication mechanism of CAN bus,including synchronization mechanism,address mechanism,arbitration mechanism and robustness of the implementation principle of the bus.


The introduction of affordable smart phone and data plans have increased the popularity of social networking sites for last few years. People are engaging themselves to social media for communication purpose and find social media easier rather than face to face communication. Their communication starts in virtual world and gradually starts to grow. Social media has become a medium of online socializing. So, it is crucial to know whether social media is disrupting the socializing power of an individual in real life. This research identifies the effect of excessive use of social media on socialization. To achieve the goal of this study, it considers the average social media application usage time and level of socialization of an individual in real life. Survey was taken to know the level of socialization. 205 students of East West University in Bangladesh participated in the survey. After analyzing the data, it was found that there is a negligible negative correlation between excessive use of social media and socialization. It means that even if excessive use of social media increases drastically, the level of socialization may not decrease. Because the slope of the graph is close to zero. Therefore, it can be said that there is no effect of excessive use of social media on socialization of an individual. Excessive use of social media is not responsible for disrupting the socializing power of an individual.


The plasma jet formation experiments on cylindrical Au target applying a focused REB generated by REIDEN III were performed. The clear evidence of jet formation was shown by N 2 laser shadowgrams and damages remained on the target holders. The velocity and the energy density enhancement in jet was observed. In the conical cavity target irradiation, the areal mass density of the foil was increased as the results of the areal plasma convergence in the cavity.


This paper presents a mathematical model to calculate transients in grounding systems. The derived equations arise from direct application of basic electromagnetic equations in frequency domain, whose solution is obtained by the application of the Moment Methods. A formulation based on experimental measurements is applied to quantify the soil parameters for each frequency. The unified approach is applied in the calculation of the grounding impedance of horizontal electrodes. Results show that the inclusion of frequency dependence of the soil parameters leads to a reduction of the values of grounding impedance, in comparison with results for soils with parameters independent of frequency.


The r a p i d increase in knowledge about mental r e t a r d a t i o n and about new methods in the treatment and r e h a b i l i t a t i o n of the retarded which has characterized the past 15 years has pointed up the d e s i r a b i l i t y of i n t e r n a t i o n a l exchange and communication among those working i n the f i e l d . My wife and I have just come from a small i n t e r n a t i o n a l seminar on sheltered employment held in Frankfurt, and it was very impressive to us that a physician from New Zealand, who has worked in t h i s f i e l d f o r the past ten years, t r a v e l l e d 11 000 km. j u s t to attend t h i s three-day conference where he could exchange ideas and experiences with experts from 15 other countries, and gain a b e t t e r o r i e n t a t i o n to new trends and p r a c t i c e s . This symposium, by the way, made i t quite c l e a r that there i s not any one country where one can f i n d the l a t e s t techniques and approaches to sheltered employment — everyone found new knowledge to take home. For the past several years my wife and I have t r a v e l l e d in more than 20 countries, and have been in correspondence with colleagues i n many a d d i t i o n a l countries, on every one of the continents, and I am glad to follow Mr. Bank-Mikkelsen's i n v i t a t i o n to discuss with you today, from an i n t e r n a t i o n a l point of view, "new challenges in the care of the mentally retarded". Coming to t h i s annual s t a f f meeting of the Statens Andssvageforsorg provides me with a new and i n t e r e s t i n g experience. I do not know any other country that brings together, i n so large a number, a broad c r o s s s e c t i o n of i t s mental r e t a r d a t i o n s t a f f f o r three days of intensive discussions, but t h i s is quite in keeping with the outstanding development of s t a f f t r a i n i n g in your country. Things are of course f a r more comfortable f o r a country with s e r v i c e s of mediocre q u a l i t y , because one can always keep up without t r y i n g very hard. But once a country i s among the leaders, as Denmark i s i n mental re t a r d a t i o n , then one has to be forever a l e r t to l e a r n , to improve, to keep up with new knowledge and new methods i n care, treatment and r e h a b i l i t a t i o n and with new ways of t r a i n i n g and u t i l i z i n g personnel. We have a saying i n the U.S.A. that a l a u r e l wreath is not something to s i t on and r e s t — it is a d i s t i n c t i o n that has to be earned every day anew. Obviously not everything that has proven s u c c e s s f u l in one country at a p a r t i c u l a r time is of necessity usable in that form in another country. The point of i n t e r n a t i o n a l exchange and i n t e r n a t i o n a l communication is not f o r one country to copy what another is doing but to study what has been successful (or unsuccessful!) somewhere e l s e , and see what can be learned and adapted from i t .


Presently the process of convergence of science and art that expects the synthesis of discursive and intuitive thinking, as well as adoption of science methods for creation of scientifically-motivated art, and art methods for shaping new science theories, is actively realized within the area of science art. Herewith, the trans-disciplinary area of science art is actively institualized, which forms conditions for efficient cooperation between artists and scientists, forms a situation, when scientific laboratories become available for artists, as well as art workshops for scientists. As a result, it is very hard to distinguish between a scientific research and an art project. This conclusion is confirmed by critical analysis of artworks of such scienceartists as Dmitry Bulatov, Mathieu Lehanneur, Ryoji Ikeda, Shilpa Gupta, Mike Thompson, Damian Palin, Jon Ardern, Anab Jain, Patrick Degenaar, Anders Sandberg, Justin Pickard, Yves Gellie, Louis-Philippe Demers, David Clarke, Kate Williams, Cornelia Parker, Alina Mnatsakanian, Christian Gonzenbach, Claudia Tolusso, Oliver Wolf, Nicole Ottiger, Pablo Ventura, Sylvia Hostettler, Yvonne Weber, Oron Catts and Ionat Zurr. The process of institualization of science art is realized as specialized exhibition spaces, art-research laboratories, and science-educational centres (American organization Art & Science Collaborations Inc. ASCI; The Art & Science Collaborative Research Laboratory SymbioticA (The School of Anatomy and Human Biology, University of Western Australia); Australian Network for Art & Technology ANAT; non-profit organization Art Laboratory Berlin; Science Gallery (Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland); International Net ArtScience Labs, including science-art centres The Laboratory@Harvard and Le Laboratoire; Swiss Program Artists-in-Labs, initialised by Zurich University of the Arts (ZHdK) and Institute for Cultural Studies in the Arts; The Arts & Genomics Centre TAGS; etc.). In Russian Federation there are several science-art organizations such as an experimental artscience centre Laboratoria Art&Science Space in Moscow, but in general the processes of development and institualization of science art lag behind the worldwide trend. Herewith, in the condition of the decision of the strategic goal of creation of the economy of innovations, the absence of institutes of science art is a factor, that restrains the development of science and art, as well as the social-economic development of the country. To solve this problem it is necessary to create in the Russian Federation a program of development of science art, that will expect the creation of specialized institutes including science-art centres, departments, laboratories and specialized exhibition spaces.


In the face of a determinate textual genre, the interpreter uses different models of interpretation. By seeking to combine the pragmatic theory with the textual genre, this study aims to assess the extent to which textual genre influences on the construction of the pragmatic interpretation by the interpreter. In order to test this hypothesis it is examined two advertising texts of Lux soap (the 1951 campaign starred by Elizabeth Taylor, and those of 2003 that had Gisele Bundchen as its protagonist).


Utilize the self-making silica sol and aluminum sol,the effects of fire-retardant impregnating pressure,impregnating time,the content of fire-retardant component and the different treatment styles on the fire-retardant property of bamboo footboard used in building construction have been studied.The experimental results show that : compare with the aluminum sol,silica sol is more easily to be impregnated into the bamboo;fire-retardant treatment of bamboo footboard under vacuum,longer time of the fire-retardant treatment and higher content of fire-retardant component in fire-retarding system are favorable to improve the drug-loading rate and oxygen index of the samples;in addition,different fire-retardant treatment styles have great effect on the drug-loading rate and the oxygen index of the samples.


Abstract Several recent formulations of Rule Consequentialism (RC) have broken with the consensus that RC should be formulated in terms of code acceptance, claiming instead that RC should focus on the consequences of codes' being taught. I begin this article with an examination of the standard case for acceptance formulations. In addition to depending on the mistaken assumption that compliance and acceptance formulations are the only options, the standard case claims advantages for acceptance formulations that, upon closer examination, favor teaching formulations. In the remainder of the article, I defend this new teaching-centered approach against some recent criticisms. I argue that preoccupation with the somewhat technical problem of identifying the best criterion for making choices under conditions of uncertainty has distracted rule consequentialists from paying more careful attention to the advantages and disadvantages that result from decisions concerning where they locate RC's stipulated assumptions within the theory.


This paper investigates empirically the determinants of air quality in a large cross-section of countries. We assess air quality by sulfur emissions and, following the literature, we consider three different groups of determinants: economic, political and cultural. We confirm the existence of an EKC for sulfur (inverted-U shaped relation between wealth and pollution). Political determinants are proxied by ethnic or religious fractionalization indexes and the country's legal origin (we consider five possible legal origins: English common law, French civil law, German civil law, Scandinavian legal system and Socialist legal system). Cultural determinants are assessed by the percentage of a country's population that belongs to one of the three main religions (Catholic, Muslim or Protestant). Our goal is to establish the economic, political and cultural profile of a country that manages to be efficient in providing good air quality. We conclude that a country will provide higher air quality if it has one or more of the following characteristics: it is ethnic and/or religious homogeneous, it has a German or Scandinavian legal tradition; it is Protestant.


We analyzed pursuit racking eye movements from selected neurological patients and compared them to the responses of 20 normal subjects. The patients/subjects tracked a small spot of light moving sinusoidally in the horizontal plane at a frequency of 0.4 Hz and a peakto-peak amplitude of 40 . The eye-movement responses were separated into a smooth-pursuit component and a saccadic component. We calculated the asymmetry as well as the gain and phase response of the smooth-pursuit component. The saccadic component was quantified by calculating the percentage of the total tracking movement contributed by the saccadic system. The patients with smooth-pursuit impairment exhibited a higher percentage of saccadic tracking and a lower smooth pursuit gain compared to the normal subjects. One patient with a unilateral lesion exhibited significant asymmetry in the smooth-pursuit component. In this case, the direction of the asymmetry indicated the side of the lesion.


The efficiency of the local therapy of osteoarthritis knee of glucocorticosteroids on the power of quadriceps femoris were studied. It was established that the effectiveness of local treatment of OA is higher in patients with moderate weakness of thigh.


Correspondence Slavica Cvetkovic, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Priština, Kneza Miloša 7, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract There is increasing of mineral admixtures for the production of concrete. Pozzolans are used as a partial replacement of Portland cement or blended cement in concrete, depending on the properties of the materials and the desired effect on concrete. This paper was conducted for understanding the influential factors affecting the concrete strength while using fly ash and blast furnace slag in concrete, which is essential for its effective utilization. For this purpose, a novel approach is proposed to the available data using ANFIS (adaptive neurofuzzy inference system). Eight inputs are considered in the investigation: cement, blast furnace slag, fly ash, water, superplasticizer, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and age. Based on the results age is the most influential factor for the concrete strength while using fly ash and blast furnace slag in concrete. The results could be useful in practical application of the concrete material.


Daniel Berthold's "Talking Cures: A Lacanian Reading of Hegel and Kierkegaard on Language and Madness" is an eloquent discussion of speech, silence, and the 'talking cure' in the three figures highlighted in the title. There is much to admire in this paper. The treatment of speech and silence in the thought of Hegel and Kierkegaard, with many well-chosen quotations, offers much for reflection, both with respect to these philosophers and more generally with respect to the human condition. This is a paper that deserves more than one reading. I find nothing to criticize here and intend the following as further discussion of the themes Berthold has brought to us. Taking his cue from Lacan and reading back into the nineteenth-century figures from the perspective of Lacan's emphasis on language and what he (Lacan) terms the Symbolic, Berthold explores the question of madness in Hegel and Kierkegaard. In my remarks, I connect Berthold's analysis with older traditions of madness, distinguishing what I call the madness of the philosophers and the madness of the clinic. With the phrase, madness of the philosophers, I refer to a longstanding philosophic tradition that opposes reason and passion and attributes madness to an excess of the latter. In Berthold's paper, Hegel is the representative of this position, with his description of madness as a regression into the primitive "life of feeling." As Berthold puts it:


This research is an inquiry into the current problems and difficulties of educational administration in Kuwait. The study comprises eight chapters. The introduction defines the scope and purpose of the study and the methodology employed. Chapter Two examines the past and present development of education in the country. Chapter three describes the stages of development of the organisation of the Ministry of Education and its current problems. Chapter Four analyses the trends towards decentralization in the educational system of Kuwait. Chapter Five deals specifically with the individual schools, their administrative structure and function in the Kuwaiti educational system. Chapter Six examines particularly the administrative difficulties in post-secondary education. Chapter Seven discusses the recent academic and administrative problems of university education in Kuwait. The conclusion summarises the current problems of educational administration in Kuwait and Includes suggestions for strategies for change and improvement.


In the lawsuit of juridical corporation dissolution,the shareholders often bring forward other claims such as liquidation at the same time or during the suit by the way of appending claims which form the joinder in fact.In order to deal with the problem of joinder in the suit of juridical corporation dissolution,we should probe into the general constitutive requirements and take the special points of the juridical corporation suit in the first place,and then ascertain the scope of incorporate hearing,the effectiveness of judgment and applicable procedure.


Chronic disease has been traditionally attributed to risk factors in adulthood; however, current orthodoxy suggests that the true origins of such diseases are initiated much earlier in life from inappropriate nutritional circumstances arising during the formative years. The present study was undertaken to examine current maternal attitudes towards the importance of paediatric diet in relation to adult diseases and to determine the extent to which attitudinal differences between subgroups in the population exist. A non-randomised postal follow-up survey to the DIT–Coombe Hospital Infant Feeding Study was carried out, involving the recruitment of 209 mothers from a pool sample of 520 mothers in the previous study (response rate 46.7%). Quantitative data were obtained from a cross-sectional questionnaire ranking maternal attitudes towards infant diet on a five-point Likert scale (from strongly disagree to strongly agree) of perceived importance. In general, a higher percentage of respondents (64) had a cumulative positive view of the relationship between paediatric diet and disease risk. Of the mothers >70% expressed a strong positive attitude towards the influence of early childhood diet and the risk of being overweight, poor growth and development, unhealthy food preference, osteoporosis, diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease. In comparison, cancer, eczema and food allergies were viewed positively overall but the extent to which individuals most strongly agreed with each fell to <50%. The majority had a negative opinion (either disagreed strongly or tended to disagree) of the importance of paediatric diet in mental health problems. According to one-way ANOVA analysis, attitudinal differences in mean scores (P<0.05) were observed in mothers according to age at time of birth, education level, accommodation status and health insurance status, as well as the timing of weaning (Table).


It is widely considered that albite jade is mainly composed of albite,actinolite,chlorite,epidote,quartz,jadeite,etc.However,in-depth analysis of mineral components in albite jade is lacking,and relative knowledge is incomprehensive.The gemmological characteristics,mineral components,texture feature and degree of order of albite jade are studied in this paper.Refering to division of varieties in jadeite,the albite jade according to its basement and colour,can be classified into five kinds:(1)Icy-like albite jade;(2)Icy-like albite jade with"blue flower";(3)Green albite jade with white basement;(4)Cottonrose-like albite jade;(5)Dark-green albite jade.The mineral components of albite jade are studied by using many kinds of analytical methods,such as conventional gemmological methods,polarizing microscope,electron microprobe and X-ray powder diffraction.The results show that the refractive index of the albite jade is about 1.51-1.53(point measurement)and amphibole part is about 1.63(point measurement).The common colour of albite jade is colourless,white,green,grayish-green,yellow,brown,etc.None of the varieties have obvious ultraviolet fluorescence.The crystal morphologies of mineral under polarizing microscope are mainly hypidiomorphic or allotriomorphic granular,short prismatic and fibrous,and the textures are mainly the mylonitic and fibrous granular crystalloblastic textures.Albite contained in albite jade often shows following structure types:tabular,foliaceous,isometric granular and sugar granular.Polysynthetic twin is common and twin lamellae is clear.The white veins or tinea spots in it are often composed of jadeite.The jadeite in colourless and transparent albite jade presents white grains or masses and takes the shape of white foams,which is also white and granulous and short prismatic under polarizing microscope.Amphibole is found in the icy-like albite jade with"blue flower",dark-green and green albite jade with white basement("Maw-sit-sit"jade),which is of dark-green phenocryst and light green fibrous and long column.The slices of the samples are observed and 50probe-testing points are circled,the ionic numbers are analyzed and calculated.For the calculation of crystalchemical formulate,cationic method is used.Electronic valence balance(Fe3+,Fe2+)is applied to categorize pyroxene and amphibole.The main mineral component of Albite jade is albite and the accessory minerals are richterite,magnesiokatophorite,edenite,jadeite,omphacite and kosmochlor,with minor accessory strontium carbonate,chromite and hematite.This paper doubts that the minerals of"blue flower"in albite jade are chlorite and epidote.The authors confirm the minerals from those parts are omphacite and amphibole by means of EPMA and XRD.The results of XRD show that the order degree of albite is 1or very close to 1,so the albite is completely ordered or very close to be fully ordered,which indicates that the formation temperature of albite jade is very low.


Hepatoblastoma(HB) is the most common malignant hepatic tumor in the pediatric population, almost exclusively in infants and toddlers, which accounts for 50%~60% of the liver tumors.Now, the comprehensive treatment program of HB in children includes surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and so on.Liver transplantation and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation could also be applied to advanced or refractory hepatoblastoma in children.The high sensitivity of childhood hepatoblastoma to chemotherapeutic agents, makes chemotherapy as one of the main treatment modalities.This review mainly discusses chemotherapy treatment of HB in children.

Key words:
Hepatoblastoma; Chemotherapy; Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation


The issue of the enlargement of the entrance to the Bark Hall of the Djeser-akhet temple of Tuthmosis III at Deir el-Bahari was a major focus for the Polish restoration mission from the start. The widening of the passage was noted early on in the research and new data was forthcoming with every successive field season as the decoration of the entrance wall on either side of the Hypostyle Hall and of the Bark Hall was reconstructed. More detailed information continued to add to the recreation of the process of how and when these changes were introduced, as discussed by the author in earlier articles. Further fragments of relief decoration identified in recent years as originating from the cut sections of the walls have offered new data to supplement the author's view, being at the same time a significant source of information on the original decoration predating the destruction phase in the Amarna period.


This study explores and examines challenges faced by female graduate entrepreneurs founding and growing SMEs in Bangladesh. It particularly seeks to address the current gap in the literature on the challenges faced specifically by female graduate entrepreneurs in Bangladesh, and is among the first of its kind. We conducted 12 semi-structured interviews including 6 graduate female entrepreneurs of SMEs and 6 scholars in entrepreneurship in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and found that educated, graduate, females faced more challenges than uneducated or non-graduate females because of their educational background. It appears from our research that those women who had graduated from university were more likely to join in a company rather than starting and continuing to develop their own business. In addition to these key findings, we also found that Bangladeshi female graduate entrepreneurs had a lack of negotiation and pitching skills, little confidence, little access to institutional training and courses on SMEs and entrepreneurship. They also faced challenges such as lengthy, biased, and expensive loan facilities, corruption, operating in a conservative culture, a lack of support from their families and partners, challenges in mobility caused by traffic congestions in Dhaka, and risks to personal security. All of our findings from the interviews are well supported by additional research in the form of scientific observations of 79 entrepreneurs and 20 private and 5 public universities. The practical implications of these challenges are discussed in the paper and recommendations offered to key stakeholders to facilitate female graduate entrepreneurs in opening and operating SMEs in Bangladesh.


The study was performed on vipers of the Vipera ammodytes ammodytes species and aimed to establish the differences in voluntary feed intake and venom production between a group of wild, recently captured vipers and a group of born and bred captive vipers. In addition, the influence of sex on both parameters was established. The research brought evidence of important differences concerning voluntary food ingestion and venom production between the two groups of animals. However, sex appeared not to significantly influence these parameters, both in wild, recently captured vipers and in born and bred captive vipers. Wild animals rapidly accommodated to the microclimate conditions in captivity and readily accepted food.


We present a V-J reduced proper-motion (RPM) diagram for stars in the new Luyten two-tenths (NLTT) catalog. In sharp contrast to the RPM diagram based on the original NLTT data, this optical-infrared RPM diagram shows distinct tracks for white dwarfs, subdwarfs, and main-sequence stars. It thereby permits the identification of white dwarf and subdwarf candidates that have a high probability of being genuine.


Abstract The knowledge of the fundamental understanding such as composition–structure–mechanical property relationships caused by Kirkendall effect is in progress and is used to optimize mechanical properties of materials. In this paper the multiphase systems with low non-stoichiometry are discussed. It is shown that in such systems the drift velocity can be approximated as constant in each phase and determined by Wagner's integral diffusivity. In this paper the binary in Ni–Ti alloy is discussed; however, the method can be applied to multicomponent systems. The results of the calculations are compared with experimental data.


New constraints on the pattern of crustal flow in SE Tibet are obtained from joint analysis of receiver functions and Rayleigh wave dispersion with a newly deployed seismic array. The crust in the Sichuan‐Yunnan Diamond Block has an average thickness of ~45 km and gradually thins toward the Indo‐China Block to the west and the Yangtze Block to the east. High VP/VS ratios are detected to the west of the Xiaojiang fault, but not in the Yangtze Block to the east. The S wave velocity profile reveals that intra‐crustal low‐velocity zones (IC‐LVZs) are strongly heterogeneous, with two LVZs in the middle and mid‐lower crust, respectively, in marked contrast to previous observations of a single LVZ. Combined with other observations, the two IC‐LVZs are interpreted as isolated channels of crustal flow at different depths beneath SE Tibet, resulting in the observed complex pattern of radial anisotropy and further elucidating patterns of flow and deformation.


A system realizing automatic sending of news on Web by means of XML and ASP is introduced in this paper. It makes the supervisor easy to control ,add, modify and delete the news, as well as to realize finding by


Image distortion can be categorized into two aspects: content-dependent degradation and content-independent one. An existing full-reference image quality assessment (IQA) metric cannot deal with these two different impacts well. Singular value decomposition (SVD) as a useful mathematical tool has been used in various image processing applications. In this paper, SVD is employed to separate the structural (content-dependent) and the content-independent components. For each portion, we design a specific assessment model to tailor for its corresponding distortion properties. The proposed models are then fused to obtain the final quality score. Experimental results with the TID database demonstrate that the proposed metric achieves better performance in comparison with the relevant state-of-the-art quality metrics.


As economies worldwide struggle to recover from the recent financial crisis, emerging markets are positioned to be significant contributors to global rebalancing. The traditional economic anchors of the United States and the European Economic and Monetary Union, however, may be weakening. Without a globally coordinated policy response, only a global recession can realign current imbalances.


Objective:To study the Sini powder and the different compatibilities in adjusting NF-κB and IL-1β mRNA expressions of experimental UC rats.Methods:The experimental animals were divided into 14 groups,immunological modeling,using Q-PCR detection to determine experimental rat colon the expressions of NF-κB and IL-1βmRNA.Results:The NF-κB mRNA expression(2.22±0.44) was significantly higher than that of the normal group(1.00±0.26),P0.01;Zhi gan group(4.66±0.81) was significantly higher than the model group(P0.01),the remaining group was significantly lower than model group(P0.01 or P0.05);with the normal group(1.00±0.27) compared,the IL-1βmRNA expression of model group,Chaizhigan group,Shaogan group and Zhican group were significantly higher,P0.01;with model group(7.84±1.18) compared,each drug group was all significantly lower,P0.01.Conclusion:Sini Powder can lower NF-κB and IL-1βmRNA gene expressions to interfere UC.Bupleurum and Peony played the important roles.


Motion sickness will not be life-threatening, but it will bring a lot of inconvenience for daily life, also reducing combat effectiveness of military troops or affecting the health and work efficiency of astronauts. In the article, a more effective mice motion sickness model which selected kaolin consumption, food intake and halo response index as evaluation indexes was firstly established. Then n-butanol extract of perilla compound prescription (including medicinal and homologous plants named perilla, zingiber, pericarpium citri reticulatae and mint) was defied as effective chemical part to improve mice's evaluation indexes of motion sickness mentioned above, at the same time reducing their AVP levels and increasing their CORT levels to alleviate the mice's symptoms of motion sickness. What's more, the anti-motion sickness activity of n-butanol constituent was attributed to four multi-component substances (water, 25% ethanol, 65% ethanol and 95% ethanol elution parts). After that, MPLC, silica gel column chromatography, TLC and HPLC-MS were also used to analyze the main compounds of the n-butanol effective constituent. Three compounds of n-butanol extract were identified, one of them is Pachyaximine A, which has potential cholinolytic function related with motion sickness. But, the n-butanol extract can only play a short-term effect on motion sickness. In order to offer a long-term effect, a kind of sustained-release membrane was made. Its transdermal absorption behavior conformed to the Higuchi equation, which was Qn = 94.46t1/2+170.42. And its accumulated transmittance η could reach 78.97% after 24 h, indicating a good sustained-release effect to prolong effective time of preventing motion sickness in mice.


Intractable functional constipation (IFC) is the most severe form of constipation, but its etiology has long been unknown. We hypothesized that IFC is caused by refractory infection by a pathogenic bacterium. Here, we isolated from patients with IFC a Shigella species — peristaltic contraction–inhibiting bacterium (PIB) — that significantly inhibited peristaltic contraction of the colon by production of docosapentenoic acid (DPA). PIB colonized mice for at least 6 months. Oral administration of PIB was sufficient to induce constipation, which was reversed by PIB-specific phages. A mutated PIB with reduced DPA was incapable of inhibiting colonic function and inducing constipation, suggesting that DPA produced by PIB was the key mediator of the genesis of constipation. PIBs were detected in stools of 56% (38 of 68) of the IFC patients, but not in those of non-IFC or healthy individuals (0 of 180). DPA levels in stools were elevated in 44.12% (30 of 68) of the IFC patients but none of the healthy volunteers (0 of 97). Our results suggest that Shigella sp. PIB may be the critical causative pathogen for IFC, and detection of fecal PIB plus DPA may be a reliable method for IFC diagnosis and classification.


Fusarium species obtained from stored potato tubers affected with dry rot were grown on agar containing thiabendazole. All 40 isolates of F. coeruleum and 60 isolates of F. avenaceum tested were sensitive to the fungicide, but 68% of the 85 isolates of F. sulphureum and one isolate of F. culmorum were classified as resistant. When isolates were made from dry rots on tubers that had been treated with thiabendazole during loading into store, all 81 isolates of F. sulphureum were resistant, whereas all the isolates of F. coeruleum (25), F. avenaceum (4) and Phoma foveata (10) were sensitive. Resistance was not found in five isolates of Cylindrocarpon destructans. All the Fusarium spp. were sensitive to imazalil and were pathogenic when inoculated into potato tubers. Resistant and sensitive isolates of F. sulphureum caused rots of similar size.


In Japan, the municipal solid waste is mainly treated by incineration process from the viewpoint of volume reduction for reclamation, sanitation, minimization of the environmental load and so on. The amount of the incinerated municipal solid waste is up to 42 012 kt, and 5 112 kt of incineration residue is generated from the incineration processes in financial year 2003. Incineration residue consists of bottom ash and fly ash. In the case of stoker type incineration furnace, discharged amount of each ash is 60 to 170 kg/t-waste for bottom ash and 10 to 50 kg/t-waste for fly ash. On the other hand, fluidized bed type furnace discharges 60 to 110 kg/t-waste of fly ash and no bottom ash. Bottom ash is mainly composed of Al, Ca, Fe, K, Na and Si in stable oxides, and contains some heavy metals such as Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn. On the contrary, fly ash contains considerable amount of metal chlorides. Especially, heavy metals such as lead and zinc easily react with chlorine in the incineration process, and evaporate and condensate as chlorides and oxychlorides. Since heavy metal chlorides exhibit high toxicity and environmental load, fly ash is classified as special management industrial waste and the special treatment such as cement solidification and chemical treatment must be conducted for fly ash stabilization before reclamation, which causes the expensive cost for waste treatment processes. However, those heavy metals contained in fly ash could become valuable metal resources if the efficient separation processes are developed. The ratio of reserves to production is estimated to be 20 and 22 years for lead and zinc from world reserves and mine production in 2005, respectively. Therefore, effective recycling of these valuable metals is an important and urgent issue. Lead and zinc chloride show high vapor pressures and low boiling points at relatively low temperature. Therefore, it is considered that the evaporation method is the efficient recycling process for separation and recovery of lead and zinc from fly ash, and evaporation kinetics of these chlorides is the important knowledge. Present authors have investigated the chlorination and evaporation behaviors of these metals. Son and Tsukihashi clarified the oxychloride formation of PbOCl and ZnOCl for lead and zinc from the vapor pressure measurement of these chlorides at oxidizing atmosphere. Matsuura et al. measured the chlorination and evaporation rates of these oxides at chlorinating and oxidizing atmosphere. Increase of oxygen partial pressure increased the chlorination


In this paper, a novel fractal PCB power plane based on leaf vein fractal structure is developed. The technique introduced here not only provide noise suppression over a wide range of frequencies, but also improve IR drop and Swiss Chess structure effect (high resistance metal areas because of distributed vias and solders and leading to the voltages or currents to the circuit - elements lower than design demand).


In this paper, I discuss, in four sub-sections, the use of adverbs in ps.Oppian's Cynegetica; in the first part, I examine adverbs in -ως, -δον, -δην, -δις. The second section deals with adverbial formations in -τι, -φι, -κι,  θι, and –θις, the examination focusing on the way these adverbs are used, on morphological peculiarities and matters of prosody, on the lexemes they modify in the Cynegetica, as well as on their relative frequency on analogy with the rest of Greek epic poetry. In the third part, I discuss the use of the article with an adverb, and in the last one the juxtaposition of adverbs in the Cynegetica is examined.


Urban and social time emerged as a theme of public policy and in Italy it has been translated into public actions at the end of the 1980s. Its significant focus was centred on the coordination of urban timetables, particularly those of public and private services, in order to make daily life easier. In Italy, hundreds of municipalities, few metropolitan cities and networks of small and medium towns are involved to promote these kinds of policies. The time-space approach has been disseminated also in other countries of the European Union and recently the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe has adopted a recommendation in order to foster local time policies.


Spin chains have long been considered as candidates for quantum channels to facilitate quantum communication. We consider the transfer of a single excitation along a spin-1/2 chain governed by Heisenberg-type interactions. We build on the work of Balachandran and Gong [V. Balachandran and J. Gong, Phys. Rev. A 77, 012303 (2008)] and show that by applying optimal control to an external parabolic magnetic field, one can drastically increase the propagation rate by two orders of magnitude. In particular, we show that the theoretical maximum propagation rate can be reached, where the propagation of the excitation takes the form of a dispersed wave. We conclude that optimal control is not only a useful tool for experimental application, but also for theoretical inquiry into the physical limits and dynamics of many-body quantum systems.


The assessment of genetically modified (GM) crops for regulatory approval currently requires a detailed molecular characterization of the DNA sequence and integrity of the transgene locus. In addition, molecular characterization is a critical component of event selection and advancement during product development. Typically, molecular characterization has relied on Southern blot analysis to establish locus and copy number, along with targeted sequencing of PCR products spanning any inserted DNA to complete the characterization process. Here we describe the use of NexGen sequencing and Junction Sequence Analysis bioinformatics in a new method for achieving full molecular characterization of a GM event without the need for Southern blot analysis. In this study, we examine a typical GM soybean line and demonstrate that this new method provides molecular characterization equivalent to the current Southern blot based method. We also examine an event containing in vivo DNA rearrangement of multiple T-DNA inserts in order to demonstrate that the new method is effective at identifying complex cases. NexGen sequencing and bioinformatics offers certain advantages over current approaches, most notably the simplicity, efficiency and consistency of the method, and provides a viable alternative for efficiently and robustly achieving molecular characterization of GM crops. The Plant Genome: Published online 15 Oct. 2012; doi: 10.3835/plantgenome2012.10.0026


An improved iterative decoder (IID) for 3-node decode-and-forward (DF) relay channels employing distributed turbo trellis coded modulation (DTTCM) schemes which takes into account the decoding errors at the relay is proposed. The principle idea is to modify the extrinsic information between the component decoders to eliminate the effect of error propagation between the decoders, depending on the channel conditions between the source, the relay and the destination nodes in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) per bit. The performance of this decoder is compared with the performance of an iterative decoder proposed in the literature which is called normal iterative decoder (NID) in this paper and does not take into account the decoding errors at the relay, by simulation. The comparison shows that the IID outperforms the NID when the source-relay channel is bad with low SNR, thus yielding lots of decoding errors at the relay.


With the market competition goes more serious,to construct virtual enterprises(VEs) is an effective way to gain competitive advantages.VEs can be considered as a re-distribution model of risks existed in the original real enterprises. However,it does not mean that the risks will not emerge in virtual enterprises.In fact,the members of VEs may face more new risks.Based on the introduction of risks existed in VEs,this paper analyzes the risk management framework of VEs and focuses on the construction of risk early-warning mechanism of VEs.The main objective of this paper is to provide VEs the benchmark of risk management.


Analyzing the characteristics of the LR-based VAD, it was found that the delay associated with the decision directed (DD) a priori SNR estimator can lead to detection errors at speech onsets and offsets. In this paper the properties of a non-causal estimator, used before in a speech enhancement system, are investigated. It is shown that the application of the non-causal estimator improves the robustness of the VAD in noisy environments, specifically at low SNRs. In addition, the associated noise estimation procedure has been further improved by the application of a dynamic time varying smoothing factor. Objective tests conducted based on speech/non-speech discrimination show that the proposed VAD outperforms standard VAD algorithms, including ETSI-VADNest, AMR1, AMR2, and also the statistical VADs based on smoothed LR and multiple observation LR, specifically at low SNRs, at the cost of some delay.


This paper describes how SCA descriptors can be automatically generated from sets of UML diagrams. It explains the mappings from UML models and their graphical representation to XML. The relationship of this work to other aspects of SCA component implementation is explained, and also the relationship to other MDA approaches and aspects. Finally, initial results in this area using a commercial tool are briefly described. The main finding of this paper is that SCA Domain Profile descriptor defects can be reduced, descriptor creation time can be greatly reduced and the need for scarce technical resources can be minimized by modeling graphically and applying MDA techniques.


Higher molecular weight hydrocarbons of from C2 to C7 carbon number are prepared from CO and H2 by the method of passing the CO and H2 at a ratio of from 10-0.1, a space velocity of from 100 hr-1 to 50,000 hr-1 over a bulk nickel catalyst promoted with from 0.001 to 25 wt. % titanium containing oxide (calculated as TiO2), for a time sufficient to effect the generation of the desired hydrocarbon products, at a temperature of from 100 DEG to 500 DEG C. and a pressure of from 103 to 1.03x105 kPa. The hydrocarbon products obtained are clean, stable paraffin liquids. The activity of the instant process employing titanium promoted bulk nickel is from 3 to 5 times that of the process employing bulk nickel.


PLEASE SCROLL DOWN TO SEE THE FULL TEXT To cite this document : Rodulfo, B.R. (1990). Culture and utilization of freshwater algae as protein source. In: I.J. Dogma Jr., G.C. Trono Jr., & R.A. Tabbada (Eds.) Culture and use of algae in Southeast Asia: Proceedings of the Symposium on Culture and Utilization of Algae in Southeast Asia, 8-11 December 1981, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines. (pp. 81-87). Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines: Aquaculture Dept., Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center.


An affordable system for non-intrusive runway pavement health assessment is being developed in Portugal within the framework of the MPP — Persistent Runway Monitoring project (European Commission Partnership Agreement "Portugal 2020"). As a component of this system, a laser imaging setup was designed to provide efficient and nearly real-time evaluation of the runway conditions and prompt detection of foreign object debris.


Purpose
This paper aims to examine the relationships between Islamic work ethic, deviant organizational behaviours and person-organization fit within the context of the hotels.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey was conducted with the participation of 243 employees working at five-star hotels operating in Marmaris, which is one of the popular destinations that attracts the most tourists in Turkey. The data obtained from the research is tested by implementing confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling.

Findings
The results revealed that Islamic work ethic was negatively related to deviant organizational behaviour but positively related to person organization fit. On the other hand, no significant relationship was found between deviant organizational behaviour and person-organization fit.

Originality/value
This study presents to hotels practical and theoretical applications about employee behaviours and management practices.


Background. A deep mental health distress has been introduced by the current economic and social crisis. Methods. A control group observational research design has been used to point out the differences among the personality organization (Kernberg 1975, 1984) in subjects affected by "crisis-related" disorders who asked help to "Crisis and Psychopathology Observatory" of "Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico" of Milan, compared to the other subjects taken over the same Mental Health Care Center. Participants (N=35) were tested at the first psychiatric visit with Inventory of Personality Organization (Lenzenweger et al., 2001;) – Primitive Defense, ?=.83; Reality Testing, ?=.88; Identity Diffusion, ?=.85. Findings. One-way ANOVA points out that "crisis-related" subjects show (A) higher identity diffusion: F(1,33)=10.48; p<.003; (B) higher use of primitive defenses: F(1,33)=30,67; p<.001; (C) a lower reality testing: F(1,33)=20.12; p<.001. Discussion. Results suggest that "crisis-related" patients show a particular configuration of personality organization. They also suggest a way in the research to better understand who the "crisis-related" subjects really are.


As an important part of the metascience, psychology of science serves a crucial sector of the science research from the perspective of humanities and social science. In the 1930s, psychology of science began to sprout, but in the following decades psychology of science was relatively silent, with few iconic achievements, and was rarely valued. Since the 1970s, due to the outstanding contributions of Kuhn's paradigm theory, psychology of science has been widely recognized. Since the mid-1980s, psychology of science research has gradually brought together researchers and produced a series of important achievements. The discipline of psychology of science has been formally established. In general, the subjects of psychology of science mainly include psychology of scientific creation, social psychology of science, and psychology of scientist personality. In China, Wang Jisheng made pioneering contributions in the study of psychology of science in the mid-1980s, but psychology of science had few achievements in 1990s to the 2010s, and the results are also mainly concentrated on the scientific image. Since 2013, the research of psychology of science in Chinese have gradually increased, the theoretical discussion of psychology of science has increased, and the exploration of the autonomy has begun to show. All in all, the development of psychology of science still needs more scholars to join, and needs the recognition and attention of the academic community.


Fungi treated with DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase inhibitors exhibited natural product profiles with enhanced chemical diversity demonstrating that small-molecule epigenetic modifiers are effective tools for rationally controlling the native expression of fungal biosynthetic pathways and generating new biomolecules.


This paper is survey of the crucial fashions of e-learning procedure. The various fashions are actualized numerous functions in e-analyzing. wide scope of e-learning hypotheses and models are advancing ordinary as in keeping with the location of e-gaining knowledge of and getting to know scenario. right here we have précised a portion of the important models that are utilized by numerous scientists for instructive innovation improvement to make the most of possibilities to create compelling analyzing methodologies amongst understudies for dealing with web statistics over-burden and fluctuating records best. indeed, extremely good instructing infers glaringly that, so as to create powerful college students, educators need to be unmistakable. those models assumes giant system for e-getting to know machine development and improvement


We report a direct and facile method to study the limit resolution of optical fiber microlithography, which is based on DMD (digital micromirror device) the fiber end face of submicron uv lithography system, with 365 nm uv light, supplemented by 620–630 nm red light for focusing the reference light source, using the Reduced projection objective lens will focus the DMD modulation of the ultraviolet light on the spin of the photoresist fiber end face, realize the optical fiber end surface microstructure (single exposure precision 900 nanometers, single exposure area of more than hundred microns) preparation. By changing the magnification of the objective and Number of pixels in a single cycle of digital mask, the influence of the Objectives with different magnification and the pixel point on the precision and integrity of the microstructure was analyzed, and the lithography experiment was carried out to verify and get the optimal solution between the two factors.


In this article, we report on the growth by molecular beam epitaxy of a series of modulation-doped AlGaAs/AlAs/GaAs structures designed to work as quantum well infrared photodetectors in the 3–5 μm transmission atmospheric window. Growth conditions based on particular aspects of the surface reconstructions observed in the constituent layers are used. The performance of the modulation doped samples is analyzed by a number of characterization techniques and compared with that of a detector with doping in the well and otherwise the same structure. Responsivity measurements performed at various bias voltages reveal a strong photovoltaic behavior of the detectors. The value of the zero volts responsivity and of the external voltage required to quench the photovoltaic signal are highly dependent on the doping profile. A controlled photovoltaic operation may then be achieved by a proper design of the dopant location.


Insecticides belonging to pyrethroid and organophosphorus groups have shown toxic effects on parasitization of Corcyra cephalonica eggs by Trichogramma chilonis. Neem seed extract and endosulfan were moderately safe to the parasitoid.


This report presents the results of a study dealing with the homogeneous recycling of either Pu or Pu+Np or Pu+Np+Am or Pu+Np+Am+Cm in PWRs using MOX-UE fuel, i.e. standard MOX fuel with a U235 enriched uranium support instead of the standard tail uranium (0.25%) for standard MOX fuel. This approach allows to multirecycle Pu or TRU (Pu+MA) as long as U235 is available, by keeping the Pu or TRU content in the fuel constant and at a value ensuring a negative moderator void coefficient (i.e. the loss of the coolant brings imperatively the reactor to a subcritical state). Once this value is determined, the U235 enrichment of the MOX-UE fuel is adjusted in order to reach the target burnup (51 GWd/t in this study).


The strain and damage sensing abilities of randomly oriented multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) networks dispersed in the polymer binder of polymer bonded energetics are experimentally investigated. Monoclinic sugar crystals acting as mock energetics and aluminum powder acting as metallic fuel were added to simulate a fuel-oxidizer combination commonly used in the aerospace industry. MWCNTs were added to polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), an elastomeric polymer binder, and hybrid mock energetics were fabricated. Four different material compositions were characterized based on the stress–strain response under monotonic uniaxial tension and compression to failure tests, allowing for the assessment of the effects of MWCNTs and aluminum powder on the average bulk elastic modulus, peak stress, and strain to failure. Along with mechanical loading, the piezoresistive response i.e. the change in resistance and reactance as a function of applied strain, was measured in both the elastic and failure regimes of the mechanical response for each material system. Gauge factors were calculated in three distinct regions of elastic behavior, microscale, and macroscale damage demonstrating the MWCNT network's ability to sense strain, microscale damage, and macroscale fracture of mock energetic materials. Results observed herein demonstrate valid structural health monitoring applications for embedded carbon nanotube sensing networks in elastomer-based energetics experiencing significantly higher strain levels than prior proofs of concept with epoxy-based material systems.


The previous approaches based on statistical features or spatial features have achieved promising performance on pixel-wise high-resolution (HR) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image classification, but these methods always cannot capture local spatial features and global statistical properties efficiently because of the complex spatial structural patterns and statistical nature in SAR patches. Inspired by this, we propose a deep joint statistical–spatial pooling network (DJSPNet), for HR SAR image classification, which combines a group second-order statistical feature learning (GSFL) block and an efficient feature-fusion style (EFS) into an end-to-end feature learning block. GSFL block is designed with a group second-order feature learning method in two steps, where the first step divides convolutional channels into several semantic groups. The second step collects second-order feature statistics by calculating pairwise feature interactions within each group. EFS models second-order attentional statistics between statistical characteristics and spatial features by polynomial kernel approximation and guides the discriminative feature activations in SAR patches. More specifically, both GSFL and EFS are stacked and plugged into the encoder stage of conventional U-Net for distinguishable feature learning. Experimental results suggest that the proposed DJSPNet gives better classification performance compared with related deep feature learning networks on a real TerraSAR-X dataset.


Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a major cause of death throughout the developed world. It is associated with smoking and alcohol consumption. Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 has also been suggested to play a role in etiology of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. p16 expression is now being used as a surrogate marker of HPV infection in squamous cell carcinoma and provides important prognostic information and future therapy planning. Materials and Methods: In this observational cross-sectional study, total 60 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma were taken. Tumor grade was determined according to WHO criteria. p16 expression was determined by immunohistochemical staining. The obtained results were analyzed and evaluated using Chi-square test, P value of < 0.05 was taken significant. Results: Out of 60 cases, 39 cases are positive for P16 out of which 19 cases show strong positivity. Conclusion: As HPV integration with transcription of viral oncoprotein induces overexpression of p16, immunohistochemical expression of p16 can be used as a surrogate marker of HPV. This approach can be implemented in diagnostic laboratories and can provide support for vaccination program in high risk group.


The silyl ketimines, generated in situ from diarylmethane nitriles and TmsCl via lithiation, undergo a non-catalyzed reaction with isocyanates to give highly substituted malonamides in moderate yields.


In this article an anisotropic interaction model avoiding collisions is proposed. Starting point is a general interacting particle system, as used for swarming or follower-leader dynamics. An anisotropy is induced by rotation of the force vector resulting from the interaction of two agents. In this way the anisotropy is leading to a smooth evasion behaviour. The model allows for formal passage to the limit 'number of particles to infinity', leading to a mesoscopic description in the mean-field sense. Possible applications are autonomous traffic, swarming or pedestrian motion. Here, we focus on the latter, as the model is validated numerically using two scenarios in pedestrian dynamics. The first one investigates the pattern formation in a channel, where two groups of pedestrians are walking in opposite directions. The second experiment considers a crossing with one group walking from left to right and the other one from bottom to top. The well-known pattern of lanes in the channel and travelling waves at the crossing can be reproduced with the help of this anisotropic model at both, the microscopic and the mesoscopic level.


This is an essay about the racialized conventional wisdoms and the academic traditions that impede the ability of social scientists to adequately explain and evaluate the colorization of the life worlds around them, particularly in terms of explanations involving power, privilege, and empowerment. I conclude that it is impossible to discuss adequately the more technical issues of technique and measurement, until we grasp the epistemological and biographical problematics of social sciences and their uses. Traditional frameworks, including traditional conceptions of race, hinder our ability to evaluate culturally and socially different worlds and realities, in this case, those created and transformed by people of color. It is especially important to find alternatives in a society and globe that are becoming increasingly colorized in terms of demographics, power and authority.


The sedimentary environment, sediment characteristics and age−depth models of sediment sequences from Arctic lakes Revvatnet and Svartvatnet, located near the Polish Polar Station in Hornsund, southern Svalbard (77 N), were studied with a view to establish− ing a basis for paleolimnological climate and environmental reconstructions. The results in− dicate that catchment−to−lake hydroclimatic processes probably affect the transportation, distribution and accumulation of sediments in different parts of lakes Revvatnet and Svartvatnet. Locations with continuous and essentially stable sedimentary environments were found in both lakes between water depths of 9 and 26 m. We used several different dat− ing techniques, including 137Cs, 210Pb, AMS 14C, and paleomagnetic dating, to provide ac− curate and secured sediment chronologies. A recovered sequence from the northern basin of Revvatnet spans more than one thousand years long with laminated stratigraphy in the up− per part of the sediment. Based on AMS 14C dates, it is possible to suppose that Revvatnet Pol. Polar Res. 37 (1): 23–48, 2016 vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 23–48, 2016 doi: 10.1515/popore−2016−0005 Brought to you by | Kansalliskirjasto Authenticated Download Date | 4/18/16 11:20 AM basin was not occupied by a valley glacier during the Little Ice Age. The dates were sup− ported by 137Cs chronologies, but not confirmed with other independent dating methods that extent beyond the last 50 years. A sedimentary sequence from the northern basin of Svartvatnet provides a potential archive for the study of climate and environmental change for the last ca. 5000 years. Based on the stratigraphy and a Bayesian age−depth model of AMS 14C and paleosecular variation (PSV) dates, the recovered sediment sections represent a continuous and stable sedimentation for the latter half of the Holocene.


ABSTRACT The objective in this review was to discuss the importance of maize currently and the crucial role it may play in the future for food production in scenarios of water shortage, as well as the importance of conserving its landrace cultivars, which have a considerable portion of the reserve of genetic variability. Maize plants, when exposed to water deficit, may develop physiological, morphological, biochemical and anatomical adaptation mechanisms. With the aid of genetic improvement, characteristics that impart tolerance are fixed in plants through conventional methods. In this context, 'Tuxpeño Sequia' cultivars were developed in Mexico, while in Africa, one of the most important strategies was the development of 'DT' (Drought-tolerant) cultivars. In the United States, one of the most important processes was the development of PionerAquamax® hybrids, while in Brazil, it was the development of cultivars with the 'Maya Latente' gene. Through genetic transformation, the hybrid 'MON 87460' was developed. However, it should be mentioned that, for a cultivar to be well accepted by producers, besides having one or more adaptation characteristics, it must have a high grain yield. Biotechnological tools such as the use of molecular markers, genetic transformation, and modeling through bioinformatics, associated with conventional selection, will be fundamental to guarantee the advancement of water deficit tolerance in maize.


The use of indwelling central venous catheters has become widespread since their introduction by Broviac et al1 in 1973 and Hickman et al2 in 1974. They are of particular value in paediatric oncology where young children require intensive chemotherapy over a long period of time and where peripheral venous access may become a problem.


The aim of this study was to compare the frequencies of genotypes and alleles of polymorphic variants of the CYP2E1 and GSTA1 genes in patients with hepatobiliary system pathology who were examined at the Ufa Scientific Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology and healthy individuals living in the Republic of Bashkortostan who have no hepatobiliary system pathology. Materials and methods: 81 patients with pathology of the hepatobiliary system and 502 practically healthy individuals living in the Republic of Bashkortostan were examined. The material for molecular genetic analysis was DNA samples isolated from the peripheral venous blood of the examined individuals by phenol-chloroform extraction. The study of polymorphic loci of the CYP2E1 and GSTA1 genes was carried out by the method of polymerase chain reaction of DNA synthesis. Mathematical processing of the results of the study was carried out using the statistical program Statistics. Results. A comparative analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the group of patients with ASD and healthy individuals in the frequency distribution of the genotypes of the polymorphic locus rs3957357 of the GSTA1 gene. The AA genotype was more common in patients with ASD with a frequency of 16.05%, compared with the control group –8.37% (χ2 = 3.96; p = 0.047). Conclusion As a result of the study, it was shown that the AA genotype (OR = 2.09; 95% CI 1.07 - 4.10) of the polymorphic locus rs3957357 of the GSTA1 gene is a marker of the risk of pathology of the hepatobiliary system.


This article shows the first steps towards the establishment and implementation of automated production control systems in the industry of the USSR. It is characterized by social and economic consequences of the proliferation of such systems and their impact on improving efficiency and management culture. The emphasis is placed on the analysis of the authorities of the Krasnodar Territory and Rostov Region in guiding those new to the time direction of scientific and technological progress. The paper considers the successes and shortcomings in the creation and implementation of automated management systems in enterprises and instrumentation engineering Kuban and Don rivers.


The twentieth-century rise of the United States as a global military superpower has resulted in the stationing of American armed forces personnel in dozens of allied countries and client states. One of the many issues raised by these 'friendly invasions' is the thorny matter of criminal jurisdiction. What happened to an American soldier charged with committing a crime against person or property? Would he or she be tried by a United States service court or by a civilian court of the host country? The answers to these questions have sometimes proved contentious. The United States military, for example, faced mass protests in Okinawa, Japan, after the rape of a young girl in 1995. As this article will show, jurisdictional conflict is a natural by-product of the location of military and navy bases in foreign lands. While the explosive interaction of race, gender and the law can be seen in any number of other such incidents, past and present, this article examines the racial politics of criminal jurisdiction in the aftermath of the famous Anglo-American 'destroyers-for-bases' agreement of 2 September 1940. The deal saw 50 obsolete United States destroyers exchanged for massive leased base sites in Trinidad, Bermuda and Newfoundland, as well as smaller establishments in British Guiana, Antigua, St Lucia, Jamaica and the Bahamas. Together, these 'base colonies' – as they became known in official British and American circles – formed a giant defensive arc designed to protect the Western Hemisphere from attack. Even though the diplomatic importance of the 'destroyers-for-bases' deal is widely acknowledged as the first tangible sign of an emerging Anglo-American wartime alliance, few have bothered to enquire into the effects of the bases on Britain's far-flung colonial outposts. In fact, the deal signified, as historian Cary Fraser suggests, an abdication of exclusive British authority over its own colonies in the Western Hemisphere. This shift in power was not lost on colonial administrators who believed that the United States wanted to replace Great Britain altogether. These fears and anxieties found expression in the matter of criminal jurisdiction.


The study on the physic-chemical and bacteriological contamination of water was carried out in three rivers of Mitrovica town, in Kosova. Water quality in the lowland rivers (like Sitnica which crosses central Kosova), Iber and Lushta is very poor owing to a lack of waste water treatment and waste disposal. According to the effluents received, six sampling station were selected. The results obtained shows that bacterial contamination is very frequent, particularly with the pressure of coliforms. The inorganic contamination is also very high, particularly with nitrites, nitrates, phosphates, sulphures, manganese, aluminium and oxide aluminium. According to the results obtained, the sampling sites do not meet the established quality limits of recreational water, and presents potentional risk for aquatic organisms.


Over 86% of respondents indicated that they were not fi rst-time visitors to the Oneida Narrows area. Of these, almost 29% said they had been coming to the area for more than 20 years, with another 31.6% fi rst visiting between six and 20 years ago. Only about 12% repeat visitors said they fi rst visited the area one or two years before. Almost 26% of returning visitors had fi rst come within the last fi ve years.


A robotic-based microassembly process has been successfully applied to the construction of a novel micro-mirror design for use in optical switching. This paper is devoted to the description of the microassembly process used to construct the 3D micro-mirror. The microassembly process is based upon the PMKIL (Passive Microgripper, Key and Inter-Lock) assembly system. Details of the assembly process include, the methodology to construct the micro-mirror, the design of the micro-mirror parts, and the design of the tools (microgrippers) that are mounted to the robot to handle the micro-parts. The results of the assembly process are presented, along with examples of prototype 3D micro-mirrors. The entire 3D micromirror consists of a novel electro-static rotary motor, onto which the 3D mirror structure is assembled. The 3D micro-mirror is used as a building element for 1 N optical switching systems and for N×M optical crossconnects.


The present invention implement the diagnosis then while excluding the component, such as AMT, and the hybrid transmission which is implemented by a combination of motor, R dangudong used only to implement the diagnosis after the gears, R-stage driven gear, R-stage sleeve and the reverse idler number by making, can improve the mountability of the vehicle by reducing the length of the transmission, as well as reducing the number of components required for transmission to simplify the configuration and to reduce the weight reduction of the cost of the transmission and to contribute to improving fuel efficiency of the vehicle be so.


Three-dimensional numerical simulation was used to obtain temperature distribution,overall heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer unit number of a cross flow mini-heat exchanger.The heat transfer coefficient correlation was given from the simulation.A one-dimensional convection-conduction coupled model was employed to develop a coefficient of longitudinal conduction effect K,which was a function of fluid mass flow rate,specific heat capacity of fluid,thermal conductivity for fluid and wall material and the structural parameters of the heat exchanger.The coefficient K was used to correct the overall heat transfer coefficient of the cross flow mini-heat exchanger.A calculating method for the heat transfer coefficient was that the coefficient K was multiplied by the overall heat transfer coefficient which was calculated from the heat transfer coefficient correlation.The estimated overall heat exchange coefficient by the proposed method was compared with simulated results and satisfactory agreement was obtained.


Gas insulated switchgear(GIS) has a wide range of acceptance in power systems due to its good compactness and tightness,slight environment effect,and long maintenance cycle.But,the disconnector operation in GIS can generate very fast transient overvoltage(VFTO),which does great harm to GIS,especially when the voltage level of GIS is higher than 330 kV.In order to simulate VFTO in ultra high voltage(UHV) GIS,an experimental platform for generating VFTO was designed by using impulse voltage generators and voltage sharpening devices.To the generate voltage waveform with amplitude of up to 2.5 MV and oscillating frequency up to 35 MHz,the amplitude of output voltage was controlled by adjusting the breakdown voltage of sharpening gap;and the length of bus bar in GIS was increased to reduce the influence of circuit inductance.A capacitive sensor with a RC integrator was developed for measurements of VFTO.The result of the test indicates that the capacitive sensor is able to measure the VFTO waveform with higher accuracy.


In 2005, 14 farms in the Midlands North Extension Region were reported with Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Currently, a further 29 farms in this region are known to have this pest in their sugarcane. It is thus firmly entrenched in the Midlands North Region (MNR), and is spreading. This 207% increase in known localities over three years in this region is disturbing, and highlights the urgent need for growers to implement the IPM plan presented in 2005, on an area wide basis. This paper demonstrates the increased occurrence and spread of E. saccharina in ecozones 1-6, 8, 10 and 11 since 2005. Using already known ecological data on E. saccharina, soil characteristics and climatic forecasts, it is evident that ecozone 7 is the next likely area to suffer an increase in E. saccharina numbers, should growers continue with the slow implementation of the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) plan and the Environmental Management System (EMS), which are aimed at minimising the threat of E. saccharina in their areas.


Forest treatments proposed to restore pre-settlement conditions for northern Arizona ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests will dramatically alter forest structure by reducing densities of smaller diameter trees. Baseline information on habitat selection is needed to understand responses of passerine birds to these treatments. During the 1997 and 1998 breeding seasons, I examined foraging-habitat selection by 5 permanent resident species ~ hairy woodpeckers (Picoides villosus) , mountain chickadees (Poecile gambeli), white-breasted nuth atches (SUra carolinensis), pygmy nuthatches (S. pygmaea), and darkeyed juncos (Junco hyemalis) - and 3 neotropical migrants, Virginia's warblers (Vennivora virginiaey, p1umbeus vireos (Vireo plumbeus), and western tanagers (Piranga ludoviciana} , I measured and analyzed habitat selection at 2 scales, the foraging tree (third-order selection sensu Johnson 1980) and within a 0.04-ha plot centered on each foraging location (Johnson's second-order selection).


Information on the occurrence and accumulation profiles of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and synthetic musk compounds (SMCs) in marine mammals is scarce. In the present study, we recorded the concentrations and profiles of PAHs and SMCs in liver tissue and blubber from minke whales and common dolphins from Korean coastal waters. The overall concentrations of PAHs and SMCs in blubber from both cetacean species were approximately three to five times higher than those in liver tissues. Residue levels of PAHs were lower, whereas levels of SMCs were relatively higher than those reported in other studies. Lack of species‐ and sex‐dependent differences in the concentrations of PAHs and SMCs were found. Naphthalene and 1,3,4,6,7,8‐hexahydro‐4,6,6,7,8,8‐hexamethylcyclopenta‐r‐2‐benzopyran (HHCB) were predominant compounds in all the samples for PAHs and SMCs, respectively. The concentrations of PAHs and SMCs were significantly correlated with each other, but were not correlated with body size of cetaceans. The present data provide valuable information on the exposure of Korean cetaceans to PAHs and SMCs. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:477–485. © 2011 SETAC


The Fourier transform and the wavelet transform are two important mathematical transforms used in industry.The applications of Fourier transform have more localizations because it can not obtain the precise time localization of the spectral frequency.The wavelet transform is more flexible in the choosing variable of the window function,so it is used in industry more and more.This article introduces the Fourier transform first,analyses its deficiencies,than introduce the concept of the wavelet transform and uses the multiresolution analysis to analyse the non-stationary signal.


The present invention relates to a vehicle location checking system capable of more efficiently detecting the location of a parked vehicle by using images captured by a camera installed at an upper position in an outdoor or ground level parking lot, and to a method of controlling same. A vehicle location checking system for a parking lot which uses an imaging technique with respect to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a camera module installed at an upper position in a parking lot to capture a plurality of parking planes partitioned in the parking lot; and an image analysis device for processing images captured by the camera module. The camera module may further comprise: an omnidirectional dual camera provided with a first fisheye lens for capturing an omnidirectional first scanning image, and a second fisheye lens for capturing an omnidirectional second scanning image; and a number recognition camera for capturing the license plates of vehicles parked in the plurality of parking planes. The image analysis device may further comprise a sensing unit for using the first scanning image and the second scanning image to determine whether vehicles are parked in the plurality of parking planes.


The paper reviews various conditions which are associated with learning difficulties such as attention deficit disorder, hyperactivity, and developmental language disorders, contending that many of these processes are developmental in nature and hence can be traced to early childhood years. The significance of "potential"; academic learning difficulties is stressed and role of preventive intervention as a model of ongoing practice for early childhood educators is proposed.


The aim of this research has been to examine how the transfer of radiant energy through a two-dimensional array of typical packing elements is affected by geometric variables (spacing, packing arrangement, and element shapes). The information resulting from this study will be relevant to a spectrum of applications including fibrous insulation, ceramic fabrics, and air heating solar receivers. Computational and experimental results will also be useful in establishing criteria for the valid application of participating media models to systems of discrete surfaces. Additional studies, related to the principal goal, were undertaken as the research effort progressed. These side-issues resulted in three out of the total of 12 publications that resulted from this effort. Collaboration between OSU and PNL has been interactive regarding the experimental and numerical modeling phases of this effort with the results of one group offering guidance to the other. Accomplishments achieved during the course of this effort include the following: (1) a state-of-the-art bidirectional reflectometer was designed, constructed and operated, (2) measurements were made and the results characterized of the bidirectional reflectance of several materials, (3) it was demonstrated that there is a need for information on the full bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BDRF) to describe radiantmore » interchange involving striated surfaces, and (4) validation of results using the two-dimensional Monte Carlo code, developed at PNL, was achieved and the code was used to extend the results of a classic geometric problem in the radiant heat transfer literature.« less


Hagedorn wave packets appear as the eigenstates of multidimensional harmonic oscillators, and are given by a polynomial times a Gaussian. We recognise the arising polynomials for normalised and unnormalised Hagedorn wave packets as generalised multivariate Hermite polynomials, which are not tensor products in general. We provide formulas for generating functions and ladder operators, and prove a direct connection to the Laguerre polynomials. As our main result, we show that the class of Hagedorn wave packets is invariant under the Wigner transform, and present an explanation for the product structure of normalised Hagedorn wave packets in phase space, which has recently been discovered.


Objective
To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and risk factors for recurrence of epithelial borderline ovarian tumors (BOT).

Methods
The data of 210 BOT patients from January 2001 to December 2015 in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.

Results
The mean age of 210 BOT patients was (41±16) years old including 68.1% (143/210) patients of stage IA, and 31.9% (67/210) patients > stage IA. Twenty-three patients had recurrence and the recurrence rate was 11.3% (23/204); Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in relapse rate among BOT patients with regard to age (P= 0.007), stage (P = 0.009), microemulsion pattern (P = 0.024) and operative mode (P = 0.025). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that micropapillary pattern (OR = 0.153, 95% CI 0.044-0.535), the age (≤40 years old) (OR = 0.245, 95% CI 0.088-0.686) and high stage (OR = 3.502, 95% CI 1.360-9.020) were risk factors for recurrence in BOT patients.

Conclusions
BOT mainly occurs in young women of child-bearing age, who are at an early stage and have a good prognosis. The patients who belong to 40 years old or below, the staging >ⅠA and micropapillary pattern would be easy to recur.

Key words:
Borderline ovarian tumors; Recurrence; Prognosis


Background: Computed tomography (CT) cannot differentiate benign from malignant pulmonary lesion. Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) can evaluate lung cancer using ADC which is inveresly correlated to tissue cellularity. Objective: To evaluate the role of measurement of ADC in the differentiation between benign and malignant pulmonary lesions. Patients&Methods: 42 patients with pulmonary masses were included in this study. They underwent diffusion weighted MRI. ADC value measurement and histopathological diagnosis were done for each lesion. Results: The mean age for the studied patients was 57.85± 10.6 years with male predominance (34 patients). On histopathological bases they were subdivided into benign (12 patients) and malignant (30patients). The mean ADCx10−3 for the malignant lesions (0.92±0.15) was significantly(p In malignant tumors, ADC value for small cell lung cancer was significantly (p Conclusion: Diffusion weighted MRI with measurement of ADC value is very helpful in the differentiation between malignant and benign pulmonary lesions


This paper examines whether minimum parking requirements affect parking provision in condominiums and what factors determine condominiums' parking capacities. By calculating actual, required, and excess parking capacities, the paper finds that almost 90% of the sample condominiums in Bangkok and the surrounding municipalities in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region provide more parking spaces than required by law. The parking capacities in condominiums outside Bangkok are almost as high as those in Bangkok, despite their required minimums being half those of Bangkok. Only 11% of the sample condominiums provide the required minimums. The figure has decreased to zero in recent years, likely because of soaring land prices. These results suggest that developers' decisions to provide parking are not determined by parking requirements but by market demand. Results from regression analyses show that parking capacities are determined by total floor area and number of dwelling units in a project, distance to the nearest transit station, and average unit price. Condominiums located in Bangkok are found to provide significantly more parking spaces than those in the suburban municipalities. This result has important policy implications for transit-oriented development, considering that accessibility to public transit is much better in Bangkok than the suburban areas.


The larva was fixed 36 hours after fertilization from a culture maintained at 20˚C. It was fixed in 2.5% (v/v) glutaraldehyde in filtered sea water for 1-2 hours, dehydrated in an ethanol series to 100% ethanol, then cleared in 2:1 (v/v) benzyl benzoate/benzyl alcohol. The larva, made autofluorescent by the glutaraldehyde fixation, was viewed in the clearant after mounting in a coverslip-sealed chamber. It was viewed in an Olympus FluoView 1000 laser scanning system (version 188.8.131.52) linked to an Olympus IX81 inverted microscope. The larva was excited at λex = 633 nm with a helium-neon laser and detected at λem = 645-745 nm. The Z stack was collected at a voxel dimension of 1.22 x 1.22 x 1.41 μm averaged over two frames in a 512 x 512 pixel array 12 bits/pixel using a 20x/NA 0.7 UplanApo objective lens.

The orientation of the larva in the Z stack is such that view is of the larval-left side with larval posterior on the left in each image. To obtain a corrected orientation, as shown in the single tif image, the images should be rotated and also reflected, since the images in the Z stack were reflected by the IX81 inverted microscope. Each tif image can be viewed individually or the series of tif images contained in the folder can be analysed by image analysis software such as ImageJ available from the National Institutes of Health site (http://rsbweb.nih.gov/ij/). The larva is in frontal view with respect to the adult coeloms, providing an oral view of the hydrocoele and its five lobes.

Associated publication
Morris VB (2011) Coelomogenesis during the abbreviated development of the echinoid Heliocidaris erythrogramma and the developmental origin of the echinoderm pentameral body plan. Evol Dev 13:370–381.


We discuss the theory of Poisson vertex algebras and their generalizations in relation to integrability of Hamiltonian PDE. In particular, we discuss the theory of affine classical W-algebras and apply it to construct a large class of integrable Hamiltonian PDE. We also discuss non commutative Hamiltonian PDE in the framework of double PVA, and differential-difference Hamiltonian equations in the framework of multiplicative PVA.


Hybrid excited axial field flux-switching permanent magnet (AFFSPM) (HEAFFSPM) machine is a novel stator-exciting hybrid excitation machine, which combines the advantages AFFSPM machine and wound-field excited machine. In this paper, an improved model predictive torque control (MPTC) method with duty cycle control by optimizing the active voltage vector duration is proposed for the HEAFFSPM machine drive system to reduce torque and flux ripples. On the basis of the theoretical analysis, a discrete-time model of the machine is established. Considering the flux-enhancing and flux-weakening algorithms, the different multiobjective cost functions are designed, and the multiple right weight coefficients are analyzed and chosen to optimize the system performance. The results indicate that the proposed control methods reduce the torque and flux ripples significantly compared with traditional MPTC, and the control system has better steady performance. Meanwhile, the load capacity is increased and the range of speed regulation is broadened.


Trauma resuscitation, the initial management and treatment of injured patients in the emergency department, is an example of a dynamic medical domain in which coordinated team activity is essential for achieving optimal patient outcome. Identifying individual and teamwork behaviors associated with optimal performance is essential for developing effective training interventions and assessing the impact of new technologies in this setting. Although observational techniques can be used for this purpose, these techniques have limitations because the work in this domain is executed sequentially, concurrently, or in parallel by different providers. In this paper, we will describe how we have used video analysis to track the work during trauma resuscitation and used it to identify factors associated with team performance.


2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan(HACC) was prepared by the reaction of chitosan with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride.The effect of pH in reaction mixture on yield and solubility of the products was investigated,and reaction mechanism was discussed.HPLC was used to characterize the change of molecular weight.The results showed that the yield of water soluble HACC was higher at pH 6.0 than at pH 4.0,7.0 and 9.0,respectively.And the molecular weight of production is lower than the native chitosan.


garden. When his cage was hung under a tree by the side-walk, the pedestrians would stop and wonder what bird that could be with so strange a plumage and so novel a song. When free in the garden Rob would have a good time of it, occasionally finding a dainty insect. But the dear fellow was getting old. Nine years is rather high for Turdzs i;gratoriouzs, and his appetite was becoming a little unnatural. He found a piece of twine, and by persevering succeeded in swallowing it. That was the worst string ever Rob got on. That western investment was the death of him.


APPROACH • Develop user friendly TRC software to determine translational (force) and rotational (moment) mass, damping and stiffness coefficients for a centrifugal impeller utilizing a CFD based approach. This will be accomplished in a graduated manner by first using the generic CFD code CFX and then developing a stand-alone code The model includes the primary and secondary (leakage) flow paths, inlet region, swirl brakes and outlet region (diffuser) • Determine effect of translational and rotational whirl amplitudes and parallel and tilt static eccentricity on dynamic coefficients • Develop an alternative formula to the Wachel kxy formula in API617 utilizing the CFD software


Test oracles have become a welcoming approach as a very efficient support for testing any type of application. Since oracle's generation can be a very laborious work, several techniques have been studied in order to perform an automatic or semi-automatic generation. However, the construction of an automated test oracle is not a trivial task, especially in terms of the inference of verdicts and detecting defects. Therefore, this research proposes a strategy to construct an automated test oracle based only on a model generated from reverse engineering, and to detect defects by a combination of static and dynamic source code analysis with a minimum manual labor from testers. We have applied our methodology to some interesting case studies and compared with other tools in order to show usefulness of our approach.


From glandular trichome of Rosa rugosa, three major sesquiterpene hydrocarbons [acora- 3(4),7(15)-diene, carota-4(5),ll(12)-diene (isodaucene) and carota-l,4-diene], and two minor [daucene and acora-3(4),7(8)-diene] were identified. The presence of these carotadienes, which are possibly precursors of the corresponding C-14-oxygenated carotanoids, suggested that the formation of the carotane skeleton followed by the regio-specific oxygenation at C-14 occur in the biosynthesis of R. rugosa carotanoids.


Reproductive ecology of the sharp toothed eel, Muraenesox cinereus was investigated based on the samples captured in southern Korean waters from January 2010 to December 2011. Gonadosomatic index began to increase in April, and reached maximum between July to August. After spawning it began to decrease from October. Reproductive season was estimated to April-September, with peak in July. Fecundity was proportional to the size of the female, with the clutch size varying from 56,000 eggs in the smallest female (anal length, 27.0cm) to 1,400,000 eggs in the largest (anal length, 49.5cm). Size at 50% sexual maturity (), determined from mature females, were 21.9cm. Annual reproductive cycles of this species could be divided into four successive stages; immature stage (October-February), maturing stage (March-May), mature stage (June-August) and spent stage (August-October).