Proteins have been extracted from the cell walls of Red Kidney bean hypocotyls, tomato stems, and suspension-cultured sycamore cells which can inhibit completely the activity of the polygalacturonases secreted by the plant pathogens, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotium rolfsii. The inhibitor of the C. lindemuthianum polygalacturonase has been purified 560-fold from bean hypocotyl extracts. This purified protein is 40 times more effective an inhibitor of the C. lindemuthianum polygalacturonase than of' the F. oxysporum polygalacturonase, and does not demonstrably inhibit the S. rolfsii polygalacturonase. A crude hypocotyl extract capable of inhibiting com-p le t el y t h e t hr e e p ol y ga l ac t ur o na s es do e s n ot in h ib i t f . l in d em u th i an u m-secreted cellulase, xylanase, a-galactosidase, a-arabinofuranosidase, or 1 a-galacturonosidase. The purified bean hypocotyl protein combines with the C. lindemuthianum polygalacturonase to form a complex with a dis--9 sociation constant of 2 x 10 M or less. The physical properties of these inhibitors are very similar to those of phytohemagglutinins and of the· plant glycoproteins capable of agglutinating trans formed animal cells.


Structure of labour activity in miners is based on adequate adaptive behavioral reactions. It is demonstrated by avoidance and appetitive behavior as well as slow work rate in faces with high environmental temperatures. Natural adaptive behavior however do not prevent miners from functional overload leading to low efficacy and capacity for work. Duration of work in such conditions must be shortened. Which was recommended as prophylaxis of fatigue and overheating in miners.


Introduction Prelude, Planning, Preparation The Normandy Beachhead The Liberation of Western Europe The Fall Fighting on the German Frontier The German Counteroffensives in the Ardennes and Alsace The March to Victory, January-May 1945 Footnotes Bibliography


In order to improve the long-term, environmental protection and traceability of the existing farmland environment wireless sensor network, a kind of farmland soil environment monitoring technology based on passive radio frequency identification (RFID) sensing tag was proposed to improve the situation. The communication performance and temperature and humidity measurement performance of the designed temperature and humidity sensor label were tested through experiments. The experimental results show that the temperature and humidity tested based on the passive RFID sensor tag are basically consistent with the traditional test results, with the temperature test error not exceeding 1. 5% and the humidity test error not exceeding 1%. Compared with the existing methods of soil environmental monitoring in farmland, it has the advantages of convenience, low cost, long life and easy tracking and positioning of sensing data.


Histogenesis of cerebrum was studied using 52 goat foetuses ranging from 1.4cm CRL (24 days of gestation) to 41.5cm CRL (full term). Standard procedures were adopted for histoarchitectural studies. At 24 days (1.4cm CRL), wall of the developing telencephalon showed an inner ependymal, middle mantle and outer marginal layers. Towards the middle of 2nd month, neuroblasts and spongioblasts of the inner ependymal layer of the cerebral wall migrated outwards giving rise to a superficial gray cortex. By 48 days, this cortical plate showed outer molecular and inner cellular layers. By 76 days, the cortex revealed four layers, viz., outer molecular, superficial granular, intermediate granular and deep granular layers. Cortical migration came to an end by about 12 weeks and the cells were undergoing differentiation during the 4th month. During 5th month, the neocortex was divided into six layers. Cortex was thicker at the top of the gyrus and the mean thickness decreased from 4th to 5th month.


With the development of the internet technology, website designing has been developed from static browse to the present dynamic interaction, on the spot management and online service. The application of website has experienced a fundamental change. It has become a window that offer service to clients as well as a platform and channel for exchanging information and sharing resources. In this paper, the author cites the construction of the website for the Test Center as an example, focusing on the investigation into the critical technology applied in the visit to the offline data bank, self-defined components, and the authorized management in the process of website designing in order to meet the functional requirements for website design and elaborating on the specific application and realization of such technology in the website design for the Test Center.


ID: 252 for Conference for Undergraduate Research at FIU (Auto-Generated August 29, 2017 11:59 am) Healing Vs. Non-Healing Hemodynamic Differences in Venous Leg Ulcers by Rebecca Kwasinski | Cristianne Fernandez | Kevin Leiva | Richard Schutzman | Edwin Robledo | Penelope Kallis | Dr. Francisco Perez-Clavijo | Dr. Robert Kirsner | Dr. Anuradha Godavarty Abstract Id: 252 Submitted: March 10, 2017 Event: Conference for Undergraduate Research at FIU 2017 Topic: Biological EngineeringId: 252 Submitted: March 10, 2017 Event: Conference for Undergraduate Research at FIU 2017 Topic: Biological Engineering Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) account for over 90% of all ulcer cases and it is estimated that ~ 1 in 50 people over the age of 80 are affected. Although the standard for clinical assessment is visual inspection, there is a need to develop a physiological approach that differentiates tissue oxygenation in and around the wound region. Herein, the Optical Imaging Laboratory (OIL) developed a portable, non-contact near-infrared optical scanner (NIROS) for sub-surface imaging of wounds. VLUs were imaged using NIROS on a weekly basis at the University of Miami Wound Care Center and Podiatry Care Partners Clinic. The near infrared images were used to evaluate the oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin maps of the wound and the surrounding tissue. The oxygenation hemoglobin contrast between wound and its surroundings differed between healing and non-healing VLU imaged across weeks. For a healing VLU, as the weeks progressed, there was a positive contrast between wound and background and at week 14 the wound region was not distinguishable from the surrounding tissue. This is possibly due to the physiological similarity in the oxygenation content in the wound and normal tissue, as the wound almost healed. In the non-healing case the oxygenation levels were lower at the wound site most of the weeks, possibly causing it to remain at inflammatory stage and not progress towards healing. Systematic hemodynamic analysis of wounds across weeks of treatment can potentially predict healing sooner than visual decrease in wound size, which is the gold-standard approach to assess healing. Copyright 2017 Conference for Undergraduate Research at FIU powered by WPAbstracts Pro


Aiming at improving the efficiency of the objects ranking in ordered information system, the problem of sorting is researched in this paper. Then a novel framework based on rough set theory is proposed, the key idea of which is compressing the original data by attribute and value reduction. In the new approach the information table is simplified firstly by rough set theory after transforming an ordered information system into a binary one. On this basis the attribute values in the transformed information are standarded. And then a weight function is structured to evaluate the importance of each objects. Thus the objects can be sorted according to the value of weigh function. The experiment shows that the framework not only needn't extra information and the participation of the domain experts in ordering objecs but also is feasible and effective.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the setting of the education right for child labour in workingrelationships. The method used in this study is empirical normative. The results showed that the regulationof the fulfillment of the education right for child labour in the working relationship have not been maximal,because there is still a legal void in the Employment Law and the absence of synchronization of Law No.20 of 2003 on the National Education System, Government Regulation No. 48/2008 on Education Funding.The implementation of the 20% education budget has not been achieved so that uneven education is enjoyed.Therefore, a revision of the rules on the fulfillment of educational rights for child labour in an integrated andharmonious working relationship is required.


Two precast segmental box girder bridges in Thailand were constructed in the period 1984 to 1986. In this paper, fabrication of precast segments, methods of erection and construction of permanent and temporary strong points are described. (A)


The development of information technology, particularly the internet has
created a kind of new business opportunities and, where a growing number of
business transactions conducted electronically or often. The purpose of this study
was to examine the influence of experience, reputation, privacy, and security against
consumer confidence in the transaction of buying and selling online.
The population in this research is a community in the surakarta. The sample
is determined by the method of purposive sampling so that the retrieved sample as
many as 96 respondent. The data obtained are then analyzed by using multiple linear
regression analysis with t test, f test, and test the coefficient of determination (R2).
The results of this study indicate that a variable experience, reputation,
privacy, and security influemce on consumer confidence in the transaction of buying
and selling online.


Cystic fibrosis‐related diabetes (CFRD) is a risk factor for adverse clinical outcomes including poor nutritional status, deterioration in lung functions, and increased mortality. The association between nutritional status between 5 and 10 years of age and later diagnosis of CFRD is not known.


Electronic publication of a comprehensive compilation of neutron cross sections - an {open_quotes}electronic barn book{close_quotes} - can be of immense value to the practicing nuclear engineer, as well as in nuclear education and training. This paper describes such a publication. The files are published on compact disk-read-only memory (CD-ROM), with automatic updating over the Internet. The current version stores the curves graphically, but a future version will take better advantage of the interactive capabilities of electronic publishing by drawing the curves from ACE files {open_quotes}on the fly.{close_quotes}


The microbial proteases from Bacillus sp. are commercial enzymes, which havefound wide applications in various industrial, biotechnological, medicinal and basic research fields. Bacillus is the most important bacterial source of proteases and is capable of producing high yields of alkaline proteolytic enzymes with significant properties, such as high stability towards high temperatures, pH, organic solvents, detergents and oxidizing agents. Proteases produced by enzymatic method were more Eco friendly when compared with the chemical process and it has tremendous potential in the leather, detergent industry and in other several industries. Leather manufacturing process generates quantities of byproducts and solid wastes higher than that of finished leather. Highly polluting solid wastes containing varied quantities of protein are currently being wasted due to their non utilization. With increasing importance on the environmental protection, the use of bio catalysts gained considerable attention. There is a need to explore new microorganisms for production of new enzymes which have versatile ability to fulfill industrial demand.


In September 2000 a celebratory meeting was jointly organised in Brussels by the EC Directorate General for Competition (the former DGIV) and the International Bar Association, to mark the tenth anniversary of the implementation of Regulation 4064/89 which set up the EC system of merger control. As is usually the case at birthday parties, the emphasis was on the success already achieved by the celebrant rather than on any of its possible shortcomings! Much was said about the sound foundations laid in the years immediately before the Regulation was adopted, when a range of opinion was sought from all around the Community on how its procedures should be set up, drawing on the experience of officials and lawyers in many Member States as well as the USA. Tribute was also rightly paid at the celebrations to the proactive role of Commission officials in the Merger Task Force especially during its early years, when its traditions of a user-friendly approach and the positive use of the pre-notification period were established.


The invention discloses a preparation method of fish cake. The method comprises the following steps of: breaking the wall of asparagus with a sodium bicarbonate solution; extracting agar and the like of the asparagus with distilled water to obtain asparagus extracts mainly including agar; mixing the asparagus extracts with minced fillet, starch, minced pig fat meat and egg white; adding accessories and steaming in boiled water in a food steamer over strong fire to obtain a finished product of fish cake; and adding egg yolk into the finished product of fish cake and steaming in boiled water over strong fire to obtain the fish cake. The fish cake prepared by the method has relatively good flexibility, uniform color and pure mouthfeel; and after being refrigerated, the fish cake does not become hard or deform, and does not generate honeycomb holes.


Pre‐operative opioid use has been suggested to increase post‐operative pain and opioid consumption after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but previous studies are either retrospective or inhomogeneous with regard to surgical procedures or control of analgesic regimes, or with few opioid‐treated patients, hindering firm conclusions.


Large vorticities have been observed in the Quark-Gluon Plasma produced in peripheral collisions studied by the STAR collaboration at the RHIC facility. The first observations suggested, and more recent results confirm, that the vorticity is most in evidence at moderate impact energies, and is strongly suppressed at the \emph{highest} RHIC energies. In earlier work, we used a gauge-gravity approach to describe this unusual situation in terms of a \emph{bound on vorticity}, a bound that \emph{decreases} with increasing impact energy. This led to a prediction of a total average polarization $\overline{\mathcal{P}}_{\Lambda'}\,+\,\overline{\mathcal{P}}_{\overline{\Lambda}'}$, for (primary) $\Lambda$ and $\overline{\Lambda}$ hyperons produced in collisions of $20\%$ centrality and 200 GeV impact energy, of about $0.4 \%$. At that time, one thought that this was too small to be detected, but the most recent results from the STAR collaboration, based on a much larger data set, are $\overline{\mathcal{P}}_{\Lambda'}\,\approx \,\overline{\mathcal{P}}_{\overline{\Lambda}'}\,\approx \, 0.2\%$ in this case, in good agreement with the holographic prediction. The STAR collaboration also reports data for polarization as a function of centrality, and these too are in agreement with the holographic model.


The present study was attempted to evaluate the anti-hyperlipidemic activity of ethanol extract of Tinospora sinensis flowers in Hydrogenated Groundnut Oil induced hypercholesterolemia in albino rats. Hydrogenated groundnut oil induced a significant increase in total cholesterol, phospholipids, Low density lipoproteins, Triglycerides and decrease in high density lipoproteins. Reduction in the activity of lipoprotein lipase was observed. Hydrogenated groundnut oil also decreased the levels of SOD, CAT and reduced glutathione with associated increase in lipid peroxidation. Treatment with Tinospora sinensis flowers (200 mg./kg b.wt./day) altered the improper metabolic profile and it was leads to hypolipidemia.


Organic photoconductors have found important applications in electrophotography. Many classes of materials, like phthalocyanines, squaraines, perylenes etc. have been used as charge generator layers in xerographic photoreceptors. And although numerous useful materials have been discovered, our knowledge of basic photoconductivity mechanisms in them has been limited. In recent years electric field induced fluorescence quenching emerged as a powerful tool to unravel details of the carrier generation mechanisms. In this paper we will review this work and also present new results on ClInPc in which a precise correlation between carrier generation efficiency measured spectroscopically and electrically is established.


The first, the most common, links the turbine to the generator via a mechanical speed multi‐ plier. In this configuration, the mechanical power is transmitted at high speed to the electri‐ cal machine. The size of the latter may then be easily reduced. This method has the major advantage of allowing the use of simply designed synchronous or asynchronous generators, which are readily available and inexpensive. This first method is mainly used for high power wind turbines (above a few tens of kilo‐ watts, to establish an order of magnitude) because at this power level, the large size of the generator becomes a problem, it becomes difficult to do without the speed multiplier.


This is the story of a braille publishing enterprise in Japan that is now nearly thirty-four years old. It is scheduled for publication in the Matilda Ziegler Magazine for the Blind, having been sent to that magazine by Mr. Jiro Ogiyama, business manager of the English edition of Mainichi. The account is printed substantially as originally written.—Editor.


COPYRIGHT © 2022 Hu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Barefoot doctors: A solution to the dilemma of COVID-19 prevention and control in rural areas of economically underdeveloped countries


Luminescence thermometry alleviates the difficulties associated with conventional methods for thermal sensing and provides outstanding opportunities for non-contact thermometry with high sensitivity and resolution. Among various luminescence thermometry probes, doped...


biological modelsl or as practical means to produce pure oxygen from the air.2,3 The title complex is obtained from a solution used for a facilitated oxygen transport membrane. The penta-coordination complex is formed when the complex dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent with or without a suitable base. Since it binds a molecular oxygen reversibly, it is able to act as an oxygen carrier for facilitated transport.4 An X-ray crystallographic analysis of this complex was performed in order to elucidate the coordination mode of the chain ligand, bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,3-propanediamine. Crystals suitable for the X-ray analysis were obtained by recrystallization from ethanol under a nitrogen atmosphere. Crystal data and experimental details are listed in Table 1. Hydrogen atoms were identified on a difference-Fourier map and refined with isotropic temperature factors, except for those attached to C6, C11 and C13, the positions of which were calculated geometrically. Atomic parameters for non-hydrogen atoms are listed in Table 2. Bond distances are listed in Table 1. ORTEP drawing is shown in Fig. 1. The complex has a typical octahedral structure, with four N atoms of 3-aminopropyl-l,3-propanediamine at equatorial positions and two thiocyanate N atoms at axial positions. One of the thiocyanate ligands, (N31-C32-533) exists in disordered structures which are characterized by a slight variation in the Co-N=C angle. The Co atom is shifted from the equatorial plane formed with four N atoms toward the N21 atom of thiocyanate by 0.1 A. The Co-N21 bond distance is the shortest among all the Co-N bonds. The structural feature indicated that the coordination strengths between Co and the two thiocyanate with longer Co-N bond distance (and thus weaker Table 1 Crystal and experimental data


A simple modification to a recently published circuit performing the rotation of a set of two-dimensional vectors is proposed, and an alternative circuit to perform the same operation is described. In both cases the maximum rotation obtained is greater than that previously reported.


This study aimed to examine the influence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on areas of Korean medical students' lives, assess concerns, and investigate the strategies they used to cope with stress due to the pandemic. An online survey with a total of 53 items on the impact of COVID-19, concerns, and coping strategies was sent to medical students, and responses were collected from April 27, 2021 to May 30, 2021. In total, 1,329 students were included in the study. Analysis was performed using the chi-square test, independent-sample t-test, and one-way analysis of variance, and the post-hoc Scheffé test or Games-Howell test was performed for multiple comparisons. The main negative impacts of the pandemic were on hobbies/leisure activities and mental health, and medical students expressed the highest levels of concern regarding restriction of movement, returning to everyday life, and risk of infection for family and friends. Female students more strongly agreed that COVID-19 had increased their depressed mood and anxiety (p<0.001 and p=0.003, respectively). Furthermore, the negative impacts of the pandemic on different areas of life significantly affected current levels of depressed mood and anxiety. To cope with pandemic-related stress, students used several strategies such as talking with family or friends (91.5%), sleeping (83.1%), exercising (72.8%), using social networking services (60.8%), drinking alcohol (37.8%), and practicing meditation/mindfulness (24.4%); the effectiveness of these strategies ranged from 3.45 to 4.19 on a 5-point Likert-type scale (1–5). The study findings suggest that COVID-19 has influenced the mental health of medical students and raised concerns in many areas of their lives. Students used various strategies to cope with the pandemic-related stress; since the effectiveness of frequently used approaches varied, it is essential to guide medical students to develop effective coping strategies.


We appreciate the interest of Izbicki et al. in our review article [1]. The purpose of the article was to give a survey on the conflicting data and opinions regarding the vexing issue of tumor cell microdissemination in lymph nodes of patients with resected esophageal carcinoma. All peer-reviewed and published full original articles available at the time of writing were included in the review article; the contradicting results were presented and discussed. Much of the confusing data can be explained by the fact that the biologically different squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus are usually not assessed separately and that discrimination of micrometastases and microinvolvement, as described in the article, is not made in most of the published reports. If these factors were considered a more discriminate picture on the role of tumor cell deposits in lymph nodes could emerge. In contrast to the opinion of Izbicki et al., several studies show that there are indeed significant prognostic differences between lymph node micrometastases and lymph node microinvolvement and that the prevalence of these findings differs markedly between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell esophageal cancer [2–5]. In fact, a detailed assessment of lymph node involvement (including immunohistochemical techniques) shows pronounced discrepancies particularly between patients with early (i.e. T1) adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus [2, 4, 5].While lymph node involvement (frank metastases and micrometastases) is exceedingly rare in patients with early adenocarcinoma, this is a common and prognostically relevant finding in those with early squamous cell esophageal cancer. Lymphadenectomy, which for patients with esophageal carcinoma has never convincingly been proven to be of benefit anyway [6], therefore appears unnecessary for patients with early adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus [7]. Based on these and other data a limited surgical or endoscopic resection is already a widely practiced and safer alternative to esophagectomy and extensive lymphadenectomy in these patients [7–12]. Limited surgical resection not only spares the patient substantial morbidity and long-term side effects of esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy [13] but also provides an excellent quality of life without compromising the longterm prognosis [7]. H.J. Stein, M. Feith, München


Being able to read is a magic key to all learning, yet, reading has proved to be a great problem to learners worldwide. Suggestions and theories have been tried and governments have cheeped in, but the problem remains. At its independence in 1980, the government of Zimbabwe declared education as a basic human right. The country has managed to achieve quantitative expansion in education. It now focuses on improving the quality through reading remediation. Through teachers' questionnaires and Statistic Package for Social Science (SPSS) computations, the research exposes that there is no significant difference among the causes for reading deficiencies among the primary and secondary school pupils in Zimbabwe. Also, hindrances to reading are numerous, thus, a multifaceted approach is needed to counter them.


We reported earlier that serum vitamin E level correlates inversely with the serum lipid peroxide level,' which in lapan is routinely determined by Yagi's fluorometric method' and designated as the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value. We have also investigated the behaviors of serum TBA and vitamin E in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke (CVA).3 Vitamin E dropped rapidly and TBA increased within one to two days from the outbreak of vascular accidents. Oral or cutaneous administration of vitamin E to 54 stroke patients in the acute phase successfully prevented the elevation of TBA. and this w a s d u e to the increase of serum vitamin E. The findings led to our assumption that vitamin E migrated to the lesions and was utilized as an extinguisher against the lipid peroxidation process. Coenzyme Q1,, is known to be a member of the electron transport system in mitochondria and is receiving attention as a therapeutic agent for cerebral, coronary, or renal artery ischemias in acute stages, as its antioxidative activity is being more and more elucidated. In this paper, the authors report the results of their observations on the behavior of coenzyme Qlu in comparison with that of vitamin E in the acute vascular accidents AM1 and CVA. Further, we conducted observations of these factors using, as a model of AMI. rats wherein myocardial necrosis was induced by injection of a large dosage of isoproterenol.


The Study discuss whether the TOEFL ITP score depicts students overall English abilities. In order to answer the question, the author collected three different sources of data: student TOEFL ITP scores and their English scores at one university for three consecutive years, data from interview with the english lecturers who prepared the students, and 6 TOEFL ITP test takers' who sat the test for two and three times and all came from the same institution.


In this paper,an SIR epidemic disease model with vertical transmission and pulse vaccination is investigated.Used an incidence rate of the form βI(1+vI)S,an 'infection-free' periodic solution is obtained,and the analysis of global stability of the 'infection-free' periodic solution is given.Furthermore,the sufficient condition for permanence of the system is obtained.


Abstract The combination of low dose of radiation and an anticancer drug is a potent strategy for cancer therapy. Nucleoside analogs are known to have a radiosensitizing effects via the inhibition of DNA damage repair after irradiation. Certain types of nucleoside analogs have the inhibitory effects on RNA synthesis, but not DNA synthesis, with multiple functions in cell cycle modulation and apoptosis. In this review, the most up-to-date findings regarding radiosensitizing nucleoside analogs will be discussed, focusing especially on the mechanisms of action.


In 2011, the authors published a synthesis of the psychological literature available in English related to giftedness, talent, eminence, high performance, and creativity. This synthesis led to the development of the Talent Development Megamodel, which is an evolving tool to promote policies and practices that support giftedness in domains such as academics, the arts, sport, and the professions. The model focuses on seven principles and has recently added an eighth. The principles include: (1) giftedness is malleable and manifested in domains; (2) opportunities must be offered to develop abilities into competencies, expertise, and sometimes eminence; (3) different domains begin, peak, and end at different times; (4) opportunities to develop talent must be offered inside of school, outside of school, and beyond the school years; (5) opportunities have to be taken by talented individuals; (6) mental skills like screening out distractions can be taught and become increasingly important in the talent development process; (7) social skills like being able to promote oneself tastefully become increasingly important in the talent development process; (8) if talent development and gifted education are to become more equitable, accessing insider knowledge associated with the process of talent development needs to be widely available to all schools and families.


An Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) audit finding assessment methodology based on relative risk was developed to assist with setting priority on audit findings closure. Risk is calculated by first determining a score for each of three variables, severity, possibility and frequency, which are then integrated to obtain a single overall risk score for each audit finding. The tool creates tiers of findings broken into high, medium and low risk, which can then be used to set appropriate closure timing and actions from a priority standpoint. This tool establishes a formal means of risk ranking EHS audit findings for prioritisation.


Inhibitive effect of Linum Usitatissimum (LU) on the acid corrosion of mild steel in 1M H2SO4 solution was studied by weight loss, Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Linum Usitatissimum effectively inhibited the corrosion of mild steel with efficiency ranges from 85.7 to 95.5 % for LU concentrations from 80 to 1200 ppm. EIS showed that the charge transfer governs the corrosion process of mild steel in 1M H2SO4 solution. Adsorption isotherm study was performed using weight loss measurements where Langmuir and El-Awady models were applied on data to investigate the model of adsorption. Corrosion inhibition was also tested at different temperatures to measure the thermodynamic parameters; ΔG°, ΔH°, ΔS° and Ea. Inhibition was suggested to occur due to adsorption phenomenon and data obey the Langmiur model. Thermodynamic study reveals that adsorption is exothermic–physical process driven by entropic factors. The morphology study using SEM confirms the electrochemical investigation where the corrosion resistance increases with increase of inhibitor concentration.


BACKGROUND/AIMS
Hepatitis C virus is a hepatotrophic flavivirus infecting 170 million people worldwide and 3.2% people in China. We aim to investigate the clinical outcomes and hepatic histology of patients with hepatitis C in the north of China.

METHODOLOGY
Nine patients with hepatitis C, 4 males and 5 females, aged 44 +/- 7 years old, who were infected during transfusion or blood donation underwent follow-up for 13-27 years. We performed liver histological examination by biopsy, ultrasonography, and biochemical examination of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase, and total bilirubin. The serum anti-HCV was detected by ELISA, and HCV RNA quantification by PCR.

RESULTS
ALT were higher than the normal value at every time point and HCV RNA remained positive (3.57 x 10(5) - 7.21 x 10(6) copies/mL) in all patients. Ultrasonography showed mild and moderated hepatitis (3 and 6 cases respectively). The modified histological activity indices (HAI) were 5.0-8.5 and fibrosis scores were 1-4. The ALT value was higher in the moderate cases than in the mild cases, and higher in those with higher HAI. The viral load was higher in the patients infected by the virus of the genotype 1b than in the patients infected by the virus of genotype 2.

CONCLUSIONS
The clinical outcomes and hepatic histology of patients with hepatitis C in north of China seem not very severe.


: Background & aim: Coronavirus (COVID-19) is an infectious disease of the respiratory system that has been identified by the World Health Organization as an epidemic. Patients with Down syndrome are more likely to develop Covid 19 disease with more severe complications due to their comorbidities. The aim of this study was to determine the status and severity of the disease in patients with Down syndrome in the corona virus pandemic (COVID-19). Methods: The present descriptive-prospective and applied study was conducted in 2021 on 111 patients with COVID-19 in the age range of 20-40 referred to hospitals in southwestern Iran whose disease was confirmed by CT scan and RT-PCR. Fifteen patients with Down syndrome and 96 patients were considered as a control group. First, the demographic variables of all patients were studied and recorded, and then the clinical and clinical information related to Covid-19 was evaluated and recorded. The collected data were analyzed using Chi-Square and T-test statistical tests and P less than 0.05 was considered as a significant level. Results: In the present study, 15 patients with Down syndrome with COVID-19 infection (mean age 26.14 11 11 years) and 96 Covid-19 patients with control group (mean age 38.34 23 23.2 years) were studied. In the group with Down syndrome, there were 9 males and 6 females, and in the control group, 54 males and 42 females. Further studies to determine the final status of patients were found that in patients with Down syndrome the rate and percentage of hospitalization in the intensive care unit 8 (53%), intubation 7 (45%), hospital discharge 7 (45%) and mortality 8 (54%) In the control group, the rate and percentage of hospitalization in the intensive care unit was 4 (4%), intubation was 4 (4%), hospital discharge was 92 (92%) and mortality was 4 (4%) (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that due to immune system disorders and physical and clinical aspects of people with Down syndrome, there is a concern that these patients are more at risk of death from coronavirus than other people in the community. Therefore, more care and supervision by their caregivers to prevent infection with the Covid-19 virus, adequate care by the treatment staff in hospitals in case of hospitalization, and placing these people in the priority of receiving vaccination is highly required. It can also help raise awareness of infectious diseases and pandemics that may occur in the future.


Driver protection structure for heavy construction equipment and a device that transmits the same, having an upper frame (1), which is mounted on a lower traveling body, an operator's cab (3) mounted on the upper frame (1) is mounted, and a vibration-damping device (6a, 6b) between the upper frame (1) and a bottom plate (5) of the driver's cab (3) is mounted, wherein the overhead guard structure and the device which transmits the same comprise: a driver protection structure which is mounted over the cab (3) and a roof protection structure (4a) and comprises a front protective structure (4b); marked by a first stopper (10) which allows the driver's cab (3) moves in a vertical direction, and which has the same front retains, to move in a horizontal direction when an external shock is applied to the rider protection structure; and a second stopper (11) that restrains the movement of the driver's cab (3) in the vertical direction within a certain range, if the external impact is applied to the rider protection structure; in which is the front protective structure (4b) foldable with respect to the roof protection structure (4a), which is attached to the top of the driver's cab (3), which allows the opening and closing of the same with a rotation about a hinge axis.


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A magnetic resonance system has a basic magnet that gener ates a static basic magnetic field in an examination Volume, and a whole-body antenna that emits a homogeneous radio frequency field in the examination Volume, the homogeneous radio-frequency field exhibiting an excitation frequency so that nuclei in an examination Subject in the examination Vol ume are excited to emit magnetic resonance signals, and a radio-frequency shield. The radio-frequency shield is arranged between the whole-body antenna and the basic mag net. The whole-body antenna is arranged between the radio frequency shield and the examination Volume. The radio frequency shield is fashioned to exhibit a high shielding effect in a shielding frequency range that encompasses the excita tion frequency. The shielding effect drops to a significantly lower shielding effect on both sides at side bands adjoining the shielding frequency range. The shielding frequency range and the side bands exhibit bandwidths that are significantly Smaller than the excitation frequency.


IT MAY BE recalled with advantage that the Arris Lectures from 1753 to 1766 were delivered by Percivall Pott and John Hunter, at that time Masters of Anatomy of the Company of Surgeons. It is to these two great men that we owe our heritage of surgery as a scientific craft based upon sound principals of anatomy and pathology. In this lecture their tradition is humbly followed and endeavour is made to show the importance in the surgery of the large intestine of an exact knowledge of the topographical anatomy of the colic vessels. The recent and progressive adoption of the procedure of high ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery in colonic resection for carcinoma of the rectum and distal colon has occasioned this present re-examination of the precise vascular pattern underlying such techniques. This re-examination was thought to be necessary since authoritative descriptive accounts of the colic arteries (in particular of the inferior mesenteric artery) were found to be incomplete or even misleading, while, remarkably, statistics were lacking with regard to the frequency and topography of variations in the arterial pattern of the distal colon. In particular, information has been sought regarding the all-important subject of the nature and extent of anastomosis between the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries. The eighteenthand nineteenth-century anatomists paid scant attention to the precise anatomy of the vessels of the large bowel. One of the earliest diagrams showing the vascular pattern in any clarity is that by Tiedemann (1812) published in his Plates of the Arteries of the Human Body. Cloquet in his Human Anatomy (1831) depicts an identical diagram but makes no reference to Tiedemann, whose plates he would appear to have borrowed. At the beginning of the present century the attention of a number of surgeons became focused on the blood supply of the rectum and sigmoid colon because of gangrene of the colon and rectum which occurred following the perineal pull-through operation for carcinoma of the rectum. Sudeck (1907), Manesse (1907), Rubesch (1910), in Germany, Okinczyc (1907) in France, and Archibald (1908) in Canada, and later Drummond (1914) in this country, investigated the sigmoid vessels by means of injection techniques. Their main interest lay in the effectiveness of the anastomosis between the sigmoid and the superior rectal arteries, and they demonstrated the occurrence of a critical point in the anastomosis between the last sigmoid artery and the superior rectal artery. In recent years Sunderland (1941) and Goligher (1949) have revived interest in this


Composites of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and green coconut fibers were prepared by two techniques: dry blending + extrusion and dry blending + mixing. The degree of homogeneity of the mixes was evaluated through dynamic modulus measurements in both the molten and the solid states. Dry blending + mixing was found to be most appropriate in the preparation of laboratory scale composites. In addition, results suggest that no physico-chemical interactions occur between the matrix and the fibers.


Introduction: Several cytokines (including TNF-alpha, IL-6 and VEGF) are reported to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of CLL cells. Targeting the tumor microenvironment through modulation of the cytokine milieu thus is a potential way to treat CLL. In 2 separate clinical studies we investigated the role of IMiDs (thalidomide and lenalidomide) either in combination with standard chemotherapy (thalidomide + fludarabine, FT) or single agent (lenalidomide, L) in pts with previously untreated or relapsed/refractory CLL, respectively. In these studies we observed tumor flare reaction not previously reported. In this report we describe the clinical characteristics of this side effect, its management and correlation with changes in serum cytokine levels. Flare Reaction (FR): CLL pts treated with IMiDs were noted to have tender increase in lymph nodes size starting within 24–48 hours of initiating therapy with or without erythema and rash. Some patients also increased their total white cell as well as absolute lymphocyte count (ALC). Results: A total of 48 pts (20 on FT and 28 on lenalidomide) are collectively treated on 2 clinical trials. Median age was------, -----had limited stage (0-II) and ----- has advance Rai stage (III, IV). ------(%) on the FT and 22 (78.5%) on the L developed a FR, which was noted as early as 24 hours after initiation of therapy (median 48 hours). Most pts resolved FR by day 14. A comparison of serum cytokine level at day 0 and 7 was done in 10 pts (9 with FR) treated with L. An increase in TNF-a (n=4), MIG (n=6), IP-10 (n=8), IL-8 (n=7) and IL-10 (n=6) was noted at day 7. Management: FR was treated with ibuprofen 400 mg q 6 hr with addition of oral morphine (or agents of equivalent potency) for improved pain control. Conclusion: FR is a new side effect noted in CLL pts treated with IMiDs that is fairly well managed by anti-inflammatory agent along with aggressive pain control. Higher incidence is noted with L. There seems to be no correlation of FR with clinical response to therapy. Identification of the FR is important to avoid confusion with disease progression. An increase in levels of inflammatory cytokine was noted in all pts treated with L which may explain the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon.


The emergence of artificial intelligence systems applied to news production raises a series of legal questions that we examine in this short article. The central concept is, in our opinion, that of originality and creativity, legal requirements for attributing authorship and setting in motion the mechanisms of legal protection for a work, be it simple or collaborative, or even composite. The type of work that raises most questions is the derivative work, obtained from the transformation of pre-existing work(s), whose rights of authorship and economic exploitation must be respected at all times. The practices of learning systems based on artificial intelligence, which explicitly recognise that they rely on a wide variety of works protected by copyright, pose many doubts, and are not clearly able to benefit from the fair use exception, which, moreover, is only applicable to works produced in Common law jurisdictions, but not in other countries with an authorial system of intellectual property protection.


A method of establishing a synchronization signal to be conveyed in a communication system, comprising: - defining a set of frequency coefficients discrete Fourier - transforming said set of frequency coefficients discrete Fourier in a discrete time representation, and - using said temporal representation discrete as said synchronization signal in said communication system, - wherein the set of frequency coefficients discrete Fourier represents a mapping of a sequence of centrally symmetric numbers frequency coefficients Fourier discrete, said set of frequency coefficients discrete Fourier coefficients a set of Fourier frequency that is centrally symmetric, the method being characterized in that said centrally symmetric number sequence it corresponds to a marking of a central element of a sec uence Zadoff-Chu odd length L + 1.


Though fungal diseases were reported as a major threat to eucalyptus cultivation in India (Tiwari, 1992), as many as 60 insect species (Sen-Sarma and Thakur, 1983) have also been recorded as pests. Out of these, 6 species were termites causing serious damage; two species causing moderate damage while, rest of 52 species causing less damage and considered as negligible in terms of economic value. An indigenous pest, Celosterna scabrator Fabr. (Cerambycidae) of Acacia nillotica and a new pest Psiloptera fastuosa (Buprestidae) were reported gaining importance in eucalyptus plantations, the latter being a twig and branch girdler gnawing the twigs, lateral branches and leaders in irregular patches similar to Celosterna resulting in drying off of the affected parts (Chatterjee, and Singh, 1968; Basu, et al., 1986). In this paper the pest status of two indigenous beetles viz., Batocera and Apriona on eucalyptus is presented.


This paper will present the architecture of an Field Programmable Neural Array (FPNA) for AI applications at the tactical computing edge. This platform combines domain specific accelerators for AI with a reconfiguable interconect to permit any Deep Neural Network to be mapped into the FPNA. The FPNA includes domain specific accelerators that perform inference tasks with higher computing efficiency than CPUs and GPUs, approaching that of ASICs designed specifically for AI applications, and a reconfigurable interconnect providing the flexibility and connectivity of an FPGA. Keywords—artificial intelligence; machine learning; domain specific accelerators; field programmable


Blood culture utilization has been performed widely. Typically, clinicians order blood cultures in patients whom bacteremia is suspected. Our previous study showed that 35% of blood cultures performed in May 2019 could have been prevented since they did not meet the certain criteria. This study sought to examine the outcomes after education intervention by implementing criteria of blood culture ordering whether it could reduce unnecessary blood cultures.

 Electronic medical records of adult patients who had blood cultures done during pre-and post-study period were reviewed. Demographic data, clinical presentation, vital signs, location, quantities and sites of blood cultures were obtained. The measurement of qSOFA, SIRS and severe sepsis criteria were collected on the presentation. There were some clinical prediction rules for blood stream infection described in the previous studies. For this study, we use the criteria of at least 2 SIRS and/or at least one of the qSOFA criteria or severe sepsis to be a minimum indication for ordering blood cultures. The follow-up study was done after 6 weeks of educational intervention with implementation of criteria. Chi-square was used to compare the differences between two groups.

 There were a total of 165 patients included in our study (112 in pre- and 53 in post-intervention group). There were a total of 18 patients with positive blood cultures (12/112;10.71% in pre-intervention gr. vs 6/53;11.32% in post-intervention gr., p=0.91). Six out of 18 (33%) were deemed to be contaminated (3/12;25% vs 3/6;50%, p=0.29). Gram positive cocci were the most common organisms of the true positive blood cultures (10/12;83%). Of 165 patients, 78 (47%) had at least one of qSOFA (47/112;41% vs 31/53;58%, p=0.05), 18 (11%) had met severe sepsis criteria (9/112;8% vs 9/53;17%, p=0.09). There were 47 (28%) patients who had less than 2 criteria of SIRS and did not meet either criteria of qSOFA or severe sepsis (39/112; 35% vs 8/53; 15%, chi 6.87, p< 0.01). There was no true bacteremia in this group of patients.

 Our study found that implementation of criteria for blood cultures successfully reduces the unnecessary blood cultures orders approximately 20% without missing true bacteremia in suspected patients.

 All Authors: No reported disclosures


The 200MeV proton synchrotron of circumference of 9.54m is being developed for medical radiotherapy. The rf system has been carried out with a wide bandwidth of frequency sweeping from 2.0MHz to 17.8MHz. The rf cavity is designed of a compact dimension and a high acceleration gradient. The high power test of the rf system has been successfully performed and maximal acceleration gradient of 60kV/m has been achieved. The experiments with rf feedback control system tracking to the exciting current of bending magnets are being studied In this paper, the recent progress of the rf system and test results will be presented in detail.


BodyTite uses Radiofrequency Assisted Liposuction (RFAL) technology to "simultaneously coagulate blood vessels – which decreases the amount of bleeding and bruising associated with traditional liposuction – and actually dissolve fat cells through the use of radiofrequency (RF) energy," explained Malcolm Paul, M.D., F.A.C.S., a clinical professor of surgery at The Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery Institute, University of California, Irvine. Furthermore, tissue also coagulates, resulting in an overall tighter skin appearance.


New nonclassical solutions for the harmonic oscillator with generalized time-dependent frequency have been found. Simple expression on energy level, creation operator a†(t) and annihilation operator a(t) have been obtained. Using new solutions we want to show how to study squeezing.


Introduction entire vessel is imaged and the most optimal Doppler sample is assessed. The transducer is then repositioned Currently, duplex ultrasound (US) is the preferred in a transverse plane until the ''seagull sign'', representing both the common hepatic and splenic arteries diagnostic modality for the evaluation of obstructive disease of both the arterial and venous system of the in a single image, is obtained. Further adaptation of transducer and ultrasound beam is usually necessary extremities, the extracranial vessels, the aorta and the iliac vessels. However, the role of duplex US in the to obtain an angle of <60° for each vessel assessed. A Doppler sample is taken within the first centimetres evaluation of patients suspected of acute or chronic splanchnic ischaemic symptoms is still not clearly from both common hepatic and splenic arteries. The SMA is then identified. Its image is usually optimal defined. This is despite the fact that the first publications addressing duplex US as a non-invasive tool in a longitudinal plane, although the origin sometimes can also be visualised in a transverse plane. All Dopfor assessing the splanchnic vascular tree were already published in the mid-1980s. There are several expler signals are taken in a supine position and in most cases the arterial Doppler signal is more easily obtained planations for why duplex US of the splanchnic vascular tree has not become popular. Firstly, the coeliac during the expiratory phase of respiration, as the vessels are then more clearly visualised. This is paraxis (CA), the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) are not readily ticularly the case in studying the CA. The IMA is not reliably visualised and normal or pathological IMA visualised, the test requires special skills in duplex US and is time consuming. Secondly, symptomatic duplex criteria have not yet been reported. obstructive disease of the splanchnic arteries seems rare.


Introduction: Implementation of Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) is one of the characteristics of the quality of Health Care Services. Health care facilities must do the surveillance, IPC education and training. This aims to describe the implementation of IPC at the Lubuklinggau City Community Health Center (CHC).Methods: Descriptive qualitative study with a participant observation approach used.Result: The results showed that the priority problem was the ineffectiveness of the IPC team in implementing the IPC at the Lubuklinggau City CHC.Discussion: The preparation stage consists of socialization of IPC technical guidelines at CHC, assistance in implementing management and organization, assistance in disseminating policies, guidelines, SOPs, IPC, and IPC indicators, IPC implementation and reporting at the Primary Healthcare Facilities level, and IPC education and information at the level of health cadres and community leaders in every Health Center. The stages of monitoring and supervision are starting from the planning, implementation, and reporting stages. Evaluation is carried out with indicators of success in the form of accuracy and completeness of the report. Reporting is done at the end of the activity. Internal constraints that may occur are constraints on organizational culture, human resources, and funds, while external constraints include regional characteristics, reinforcing factors, and changing/accelerating factors. From these possible obstacles, strategies are made to overcome them.Conclusion: In this study, in order to further increase the effectiveness of the implementation of IPC at the Lubuklinggau City CHC, it is necessary to carry out continuous upgrading of the competence of health workers and IPC data at CHC.


It is often assumed that since the ultimate is understood by Buddhists to be Emptiness and by Christians to be God, Emptiness and God must be competing interpretations or designations of the same reality. There may, instead, be diverse ultimates. The quest for the ultimate in India first led to Brahman; in the West, to Being. Buddhism dissolved Brahman into Emptiness. In this century Being has been dissolved into the being of beings or what Whitehead calls creativity. There are other traditions, especially Judaism and Confucianism which have sought the ultimate as the ground or principle of rightness. Unlike Judaism and Confucianism, Christianity stresses that true rightness can be attained only as a gift, but Christianity does not thereby turn away from the principle of rightness. On the contrary, this principle is the giver. In both the Judeo-Christian and Confucian traditions, there have been efforts to assimilate the metaphysical ultimate to the ultimate of rightness, but the resultant syntheses have proved unstable. Nevertheless, in Christianity the idea of God was long associated with such a synthesis. With the dissolution of the metaphysical Being into the being of beings and with the collapse of the synthesis between Being or being and the principle of rightness, the idea of God has become problematic. It is best to reaffirm its identification with the principle of rightness; for worship is directed to this. The metaphysical ultimate is realized rather than properly worshipped. God can then be recognized as categorically distinct from being or creativity or Emptiness. The question now is how faith in God is related to the realization of Emptiness. God can be conceived as the supreme and everlasting Empty One in distinction from Emptiness as such, thus as the one cosmic Buddha. The realization of Emptiness is the realization of oneself as an instance of dependent co-origination or the concrescence of all things. This is often held to be beyond the distinction of good and evil, right and wrong. Nevertheless, from the perspective of the concern for rightness, the realization of Emptiness appears as a fulfilment of this principle. This can be explained if we assume that God as the principle of rightness participates in every instance of John B. Cobb, Jr., is Ingraham Professor of Theology in the School of Theology at Claremont and Avery Professor of Religion in the Claremont Graduate School. He is director of the Center for Process Studies. Prof. Cobb wrote this paper while a fellow of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. This content downloaded from 18.104.22.168 on Thu, 09 Jun 2016 06:56:07 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 12 John B. Cobb, Jr. dependent co-origination, that to be empty is to be open to each element in the concrescence playing its own proper role, and that God's proper role is to guide the concrescence. In this case, the realization of Emptiness is at the same time conformation to the principle of rightness. It may be that faith in God as conformation to the principle of rightness can also lead to the realization of Emptiness. M topic is quite ambitious: it is the ultimate. In Buddhism the ultimate is often designated as Emptiness. In Christendom, at least traditionally, the ultimate has been declared to be God. One view of this situation is that Emptiness and God are but two names of the same reality, such that understanding between East and West is a matter of clarifying terminology. Another view is that these two names express opposing views of what the one ultimate reality is. In that case we can either engage in disputation or seek some sort of dialectical reconciliation. My own view is that Emptiness and God name two quite different ultimates to which we are related in two quite different ways. Indeed, there may be still other ultimates, such as the Whole or Cosmos, in relation to which segments of humanity have taken their bearings. If so, the question is whether human beings can develop their relations to this multiplicity of ultimates in ways that are not mutually exclusive. In this paper this question will be pressed only in terms of the Buddhist and Christian ultimate. I propose to develop my position as follows. First, I will consider briefly the quest for the ultimate as it has led to Being in the West and to Brahman in the East. I will note how in Buddhism and in twentieth century philosophy Brahman or Being has been dissolved into Emptiness. Second, I will discuss the sense of rightness as pointing to another ultimate that has come most clearly to expression in Confucianism and Judaism. I will evaluate the efforts that have been made by the heirs of these traditions to assimilate the metaphysical ultimate to this ultimate principle of rightness. Third, I will consider the status of the idea of God in light of the dissolution of the ultimate into two ultimates, urging its renewal as a designation of the principle of rightness. Fourth, I will consider whether the realization of Emptiness and faith in God are mutually exclusive states, or whether they can be achieved in


(52) U.S. Cl. (72) Inventor: Eric Berg, Richardson, TX (US) CPC ................. F24F 12/00 (2013.01); F25B 27/02 (2013.01) USPC ................................................. 62/331; 62/56 (73) Assignee: LENNOX INDUSTRIES INC., Richardson, TX (US) (57) ABSTRACT A power-generating system comprising an energy-converting module that converts non-electrical waste energy generated (21) Appl. No.: 13/672,071 by one or more components of an HVAC system into electri cal energy, and, a control module that directs the electrical energy to one or more electricity-consuming components of (22) Filed: Nov. 8, 2012 the HVAC system.


In this paper, we analyze the heat generation characteristics of components in a multi-stack PCB (Printed Circuit Board) structure of smart phone and find the optimized structure of components placement to minimize system temperature. The PCB in a smart device is conventionally composed of a single layer, so that components are placed on one side or both sides of single PCB. However, as the performance of components goes up, power consumption and the battery size have been gradually increased in order to maximize the running time. Accordingly, in order to increase the battery size in limited space of the smart phone, it is necessary to reduce PCB area on which the components are mounted. Recently, mobile phone makers are gradually adopting a new structure in which PCBs are stacked in multiple layers to increase mounting area. As a result, the heat generation phenomenon needs to be examined from a different viewpoint than the existing single layer PCB structure. In case of existing single-layer PCB, components can be contacted to heat spreader (heat pipe, bracket, metal or graphite sheet) through TIM. On the other hand, in case of multi-layer PCB configuration, components in between two boards have no direct contact with heat spreader and it makes chip temperature higher than before. We analyze chip temperature for different board placement of multi-stacked PCB in smart phone considering thermal performance. The location of high power components such as AP (Application Processor), RF, PMIC, CP (Communication Processor), and Flash Memory was a parameter. Finally, we can find optimal configuration that minimizes the max junction temperature for multiple power scenario.


Objective To investigate the important value of high-speed apolipoprotein E (apoE) genotyping using Real-Time Fluorescence PCR with color compensation(dual-color detection method ) and melting curves in analysis of the two polymorphic codons in a single reaction.Methods Health examined persons elder than 60 years old screening including 108 non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) persons and 95 health elder. The detection probes covering codons 112 and 158 are 5′labeled with L-Cred 640 and LC-Red 705.The corresponding anchor probes are fluorescein-labeled at their 3′ends. Then, a 265-bp fragment of the apoE gene is amplified from human genomic DNA, producing FRET. Depending on the presence and type of base pair mismatch in the heteroduplex, wild type and mutant type were differentiated.Results The peaks represent the sequence-spcific melting points(Tm),meanwhile each genetype shows countert's and perfect peak. E2/3、E3/4 in NAFL were much more common allele than health persons (P0.05),the frequencies were E2/3(35%)、E3/4(25%)、E3/3(35)、E2/4(2%)、E4/4(2%)、E2/2(1%);E4/4 in NAFL is higher than that of control group,The expression of apoE was up-regulated (P0.01).Conclusion Apolipoprotein E genotyping using PCR and melting curve are faster and simpler than other technique, which can prevent the cross-contaminated and suitabl to apply in clinic quick diagnosis. This method can show a high sepcificity. There is positive relationship between the elder's NAFL in apoE gene polymorphism. E3/4、E2/3 or E4/4 have the important role in the elder's NAFL on genetic susceptibility.


Purpose: The main purpose of this paper is to analyse the grinding processes and develop a search system of database for cutting tools. Design/methodology/approach: A tool grinding software with open architecture was used to analyse the grinding processes of square end mills, tapered square end mills, ball nose end mills, tapered ball nose end mills, radius end mills, tapered radius end mills, straight flute reamers, helical flute reamers, flat drills, twist drills, and step drills. According to the characteristics of these tools, 20270 data were established in the relational database. The SQL syntax was then utilized for writing the search algorithm, and the C++ Builder was employed for designing human machine interfaces of the search system of the tool database. Findings: A half of time on the tool design and the change of production line for grinding other types of tools can be saved by means of the proposed system. More specifically, the efficiency in terms of the overall machining time was improved up to 10.58%, 9.36%, 4.64%, and 7.52% for grinding the radius end mill, tapered radius end mill, twist drill, and step drill, respectively. Research limitations/implications: Special tools have diversification. They can not be taken into consideration in the database system owing to the tools have specific profiles. Therefore, it is difficult to encode by formal rules. Practical implications: The most commercial tool grinding software is the modular-based design and uses tool shapes to construct the CAM interface. However, it is very difficult for users to design new cutting tools. Utilizing the grinding processes to construct the grinding path of tools, and the search system of the database provides more flexible options to develop new cutting tools. Originality/value: The database and search system of cutting tools were presented in this paper. We can save time for production line change, tool design, and tool grinding by employing this kind of system. It also gives more convenience. That is, company's productivity and benefit can be improved.


Purpose – The purpose of this study is to contribute to the knowledge base on how performance measurement drives improvements in healthcare practice.Design/methodology/approach – The study is based ...


Source code compiling is a non-trivial task that requires many computing resources. As a software project grows, its build time increases and debugging on a single computer becomes more and more time consuming task. An obvious solution would be a dedicated cluster acting as a build farm, where developers can send their requests. But in most cases, this solution has a very low utilization of available computing resources which makes it very ineffective. Therefore, we have focused on non-dedicated clusters to perform distributed compilation, where we could use users' computers as nodes of a build farm. We compare two different approaches: distcc, which is an open-source program to distribute compilation of C/C++ code between several computers on a network and Clondike, which is a universal peer-to-peer cluster that is being developed at the Czech Technical University in Prague. A very complex task able to test deeply both systems is a compilation of a Linux Kernel with many config options. We have run this task on a cluster with up to 20 computers and have measured computing times and CPU loads. In this paper, we will present the results of this experiment that indicate the scalability and utilization of given resources in both systems. We also discuss the penalty of a generic solution over a task-specific one.


Micromirrors have a wide range of applications such as optical switches, laser scanners, and digital projection displays. Due to their low performances and high costs, however, practical applications of micromirrors are quite limited. At present micromirrors demand not only a better design but also a simple fabrication process. In this study a twisting-type micromirror that can be driven by two thermal bimorph actuators bending in opposite directions is designed from electro-thermo-mechanical theories and fabricated through a simple MEMS process. Each actuator consists of SiO₂ and gold thin-film layers. Simplified analytical model has been built to optimize the performance of micromirror. Due to unexpected resistance increase of metal film and alignment mismatch during fabrication process, experimental rotation angles of micromirrors are about 11° at applied voltages less than 0.6V. From numerical simulation and analytical studies, however, the next design can provide rotation angles over 20° at the same applied voltage.


Semiconductor lasers are highly susceptible to external optical feedback. Since the optical isolators used to prevent this effect cannot be integrated, we propose to fabricate an integrated feedback-insensitive laser. Two designs for integrated ring lasers are studied in detail. Theoretical analysis based on rate equations, simulation results and preliminary measurement results will be presented.


A series of 3-thioformylindolizines(thioaldehydes)were synthesized from 3-unsubstituted indolizines by the modified Vilsmeier reaction. The condensation reaction of these thioaldehydes with 1,2- and 1,4-dimethylpyridinium iodides in methanol solution in the presence of piperidine was investigated in detail, and the corresponding dimethine-cyanines dyes containing the indolizine ring were synthesized in excellent yields. The structures of them were established on the basis of their elemental analysis, IR, \{ 1H NMR\} and MS data. The fluorescence properties of these new compounds were studied in the solid state, and the results show that all of them have strong emission in the region above 400 nm, and may have potential application as luminescent materials.


Architects and urbanists help to shape the built environment, which is both highly impactful and indispensable to support the sustainable development of any society. Hence, they must not only have a basic understanding but also be trained to routinely incorporate sustainability checks into their design practice. Published pedagogical experience with teaching life cycle assessment (LCA) in higher education usually covers students with engineering backgrounds, often at the graduate level. No records of regular courses for architecture and urbanism undergraduates were found. After eight years of teaching, and involving 213 students, this paper shares experience and insights gained in the only undergraduate architecture and urbanism course in Brazil openly dedicated to teaching LCA and circular design metrics within the design studio atmosphere. To encourage and inspire other initiatives, the article emphasizes the last four course offers. The current course design is aligned with recent recommendations and international practice. Still, the total workload is insufficient to adequately tackle complex design objects. Students' final grades across different years show improvements, but actual knowledge retention evaluation requires some post-course follow-up. We confirmed that undergraduate students can successfully apply LCA during design development with compatible additional effort if equipped with adequate tools. An online calculator was developed and is expected to allow expanded design experimentations in future editions.


Reactive jamming attack, enabled by programmable software defined radio, has become a serious threat to the ubiquitous wireless systems. Wireless scheduling under reactive jamming attack is important yet challenging. In this article, we consider the utility optimal scheduling problem for multi-hop wireless networks under reactive jamming attack. We propose pilot-aided channel probing, defensive power allocations, and jamming-aware route-selection mechanisms to counteract reactive jamming. By incorporating the link-level packet delivery ratio (PDR), we devise effective online learning approaches to improve network performance over time. The constantly sought optimal scheduling policy on the conflict graph is found to be between the well-known "experts" setting and the "Multi-armed bandits (MAB)" setting. More importantly, the PDRs treated as "expert advices" (contextual information) to recommend optimal schedules online over time makes the scheduling an intrinsic combinatorial contextual MAB (CMAB) problem. The utility optimal scheduling problem is formulated as a stochastic optimization framework to minimize the incurred regret. We define two rigorous reactive jamming attack models. An anti-jamming protocol is then proposed with provable utility and regret guarantees. We conduct both synthetic and real experiments to validate our theory. Experimental results show that our algorithm achieves 35%∼97% and 79%∼138% improvements of network delay and 23%∼58% and 67%∼108% improvement of network throughput over other state-of-the-art approaches for oblivious jamming and adaptive jamming, respectively. These results indicate that our framework could sustain high throughput under powerful reactive jamming attacks.


A facile large scale synthesis of high surface area anatase TiO2 nano material has been carried out by using the solution combustion synthesis with very widely available urea as fuel. The as-obtained puffy powder of anatase TiO2 was characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis, ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques in order to analyse the structural, optical and surface properties of the synthesised material. Diffuse UV–vis spectroscopic data show a red shift in absorption spectra which may be attributed to the possible energy levels added in between the band edges of TiO2 due to the C and N doping as confirmed by XPS. Photocatalytic activity of the catalyst was assessed by the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under visible light irradiation. The effect of an electron acceptor in order to maximise the electron trapping for further inhibiting exciton recombination and thereby enhancing the oxidation of dyes has also been studied by using peroxomono sulphate(PMS) as the electron acceptor.


THE IMPORTANCE OF THE THEORY OF GENIUS in Kant ' s philosophy was realized comparatively early in the history of Kant]orschung , and several works have been devoted to this subject? But nobody has, until now, tried to reconstruct the development of Kant ' s ideas on genius utilizing the materials contained in his Nachlass , published by Adickes. 2 This is what I shall a t tempt in the present paper, limiting the study to the period from 1770 to 1779, coinciding with Kant 's preliminary works for the elaboration of the Cri t ique o] Pure Reason . First I shall t ry to establish Kant ' s opinions on genius in the aforesaid span of time, second, to trace the sources of such opinions in Kant ' s cultural background.


Electron excitation functions of some thirty states of the 3p/sup 5/ns, 3p/sup 5/np, and 3p/sup 5/nd configurations of the argon atom have been measured by the optical method. In order to evaluate the level cross sections from the optical excitation cross sections, we have determined the branching ratios experimentally by measuring in an argon discharge tube the relative intensities of the emission lines originating from the level of interest. This procedure gives more accurate level cross sections than does the conventional approach of using theoretical transition probabilities to form the branching ratios since for an atom as complex as argon the wave functions of the excited states calculated by a semiempirical treatment of the fine structure are not always of sufficient accuracy to give reliable transition probabilites. analysis of the shape of the excitation functions is facilitated by expressing the wave functions of the excited states of argon in terms of the LS eigenfunctions, and the special features of the experimental data of exicitation functions can be readily explained by generalizing the results of helium. Analogous to the case of neon, one can show theoretically that within a configuration 3p/sup 5/nl, the states with odd values of J + lmore » in general have larger excitation cross sections than the ones with even values at incident energies well above the thershold, and that in general Q(J = 0) > Q(J = 2), Q(J = 1) > Q(J = 3) for the np state, and Q(J = 1) > Q(J = 3), Q(J = 2) > Q(J = 0,4) for nd. The experimental results of the excitation cross sections are found to be in good agreement with these rules. (auth)« less


The adsorption of oxygen on molybdenum in the monolayer region was studied using a combination of secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) at low primary energies and electron impact desorption. By examining the ion yields during adsorption and desorption at various temperatures, it was possible to identify two strongly bound states with activation energies for desorption of 120 and 107 kcal/mole. At room temperature, these $\ensuremath{\beta}$ states are populated first and afterwards there are at least two $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ states which are simultaneously filled. The desorption energies for the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ states were estimated to be about 37 kcal/mole. One $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ state gives rise to electron-induced desorption of ${\mathrm{O}}_{e}^{+}$, the other does not. After only partial filling of the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ states, a transformation of the state giving ${\mathrm{O}}_{e}^{+}$ could be observed at quite low temperatures (g 550\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K). The rate of transformation was greater, the lower the degree of occupation of the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ states. The ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{1}$, ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{2}$, and $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ states have quite different influences on the SIMS ion yields. The formation of the oxide produces characteristic changes in ion yields. Secondary-ion energies were also measured. The value of low-energy SIMS in characterizing different states of adsorption is demonstrated.


PCB (Printed Circuit Board) design is quite a tedious process unless an understandable manual is available. To overcome this predicament, the author has decided to embark on a journey to compose this simple but subtle book on how to design and fabricate a PCB. This book is not for the advance PCB developer since a lot of advance material has been removed to make this book easy and understandable to those who are not familiar with PCB design and fabrication but has the ergs to take the first step. This book does not handle simulation since simulation books are very common in the market.


The mechanisms underlying the motor neuron (MN) degeneration that occurs with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are poorly understood. Multiple studies have described the differential expression of retinoid signaling components in ALS patients and transgenic animal models. We investigated this pathway in human lumbar spinal cord tissue of patients with sporadic (SALS) and familial (FALS) ALS as well as controls with immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, co‐immunoprecipitation and DNA‐binding assays. In SALS MNs, cellular retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP)‐II, the protein responsible for facilitating nuclear receptor interactions, was concentrated to the nucleus while FALS and control MNs had a diffuse cytoplasmic pattern. Nuclear retinoic acid receptor (RAR) βexhibited increased immunoreactivity in MN nuclei of individuals with SALS although both controls and individuals with FALS lacked this nuclear immunostaining. For MNs with RARβ nuclear staining, activated caspase‐3 was negative. Our results indicate that retinoid signaling is altered in ALS. Differences with respect to RARβ suggest that retinoid signaling impacts only SALS and that this is a pro‐survival response.


In a controversial venture, officials plan to halt open grazing, eradicate rodents, restore "degraded" grasslands, improve wetlands, and plant many trees and shrubs.


Multicore processing is increasing rapidly as the single core processors are unable to meet the demands of highly advanced time critical applications. The tasks in such real time applications require the jobs to meet their deadlines. The proposed paper discusses about the heuristic based load balancing (HBLB) algorithm such that workload is equal amongst all the cores in the processor which results in increased utilization and computing speed of the application with all the deadlines met. The heuristic based load balancing algorithm selects the best task from the task set using the feasibility check window and assigns it to the core. The algorithm results in reduced imbalance among the cores and less number of migrations which further result in low migration overhead. Utilizing all the cores of the multicore system will result in high computing speed to the application, hence increasing the efficiency of the system.


As an important part of power communication network and the extension of backbone communication network, terminal communication access network is responsible for collecting information of terminal service application access point and sending various control interactive instructions. At present, the access network is still constructed according to the needs of different majors, emphasizing the self-use of each service, and no public communication transmission channel has been formed. There is a lack of research on the adaptability, security partition and performance requirements of the carrying services of the access network for multi-service access. Aiming at the problems existing in terminal communication access network, This paper studies the research of terminal communication security access architecture based on blockchain, designs a decentralized authentication system, and realizes the decentralized secure access mechanism of terminals, networks and services.


The present invention provides an apparatus and method for controlling a dimming of the lights. A light control apparatus, comprising: an illumination driving unit for driving the lighting appliance; power supply unit for providing the required drive power to the lighting facility; storage means for storing a plurality of dimming profiles, including for driving the lighting appliance according to the time zones and the dimming level of the time domain; and a controller for controlling the dimming by using a profile to the power supply unit and a driving unit for the illumination. The operation time of the lighting appliance into a plurality of time zones, and to generate the dimming profile to include luminescence intensity at the plurality of time regions in each time zone for driving the lighting appliance and each time area.


The objective of the present work was evaluate the effect of fig tree orchard fertilization with boron and cattle manure on the green fig yield and soil chemical properties. The treatments were five boric acid levels (0, 20, 40, 60 and 100g plant -1 ) combined with two cattle manure fertilization levels (without cattle manure and 10kg of cattle manure/plant). The experimental design was that of randomized blocks in a split-plot scheme and four repetitions. The boric acid fertilization did not affect the fig productivity whereas the cattle manure one increased it. The P and K content increased significantly and the Al content decreased significantly in function of the cattle manure fertilization. The B soil content, extracted by hot water methodology increased linearly in function of the boric acid levels.


This article proposes to perform a mainly qualitative analysis of the national data collection system on child abuse and neglect from the perspective of the right of the child to protection, participation and development.


In order to achieve the pulse start of solid rocket motor,one soft pulse separation device(PSD) was designed.The process of bearing pressure and opening up was simulated,and its strain and stress distribution was obtained.When the PSD bore 10MPa pressure coming from I pulse chamber,the max stress and strain of PSD or grain were smaller than the material limits,which proved that the structure of PSD was reliable.The XFEM was used to simulate its failure process,and the PSD was opened up reliably under 1.3MPa pressure.The verification monomial test was designed to verify the accuracy of simulation,and the bearing capability and failure form of PSD were satisfied with the design requirements.The PSD can be applied to pulse motor.The simulation techniques,test methods and conclusions are useful for designing pulse solid rocket motor.


With the discovery of the anticardiolipin antibodies in 1983 and subsequent research on the antiphospholipid antibodies over the ensuing 20 years, many of the clinical events and paradoxes in this field before this time have been explained. Although a positive lupus anticoagulant test (a functional clotting test performed by most laboratories) was at first thought to be due to the presence of interfering antibodies against phospholipids, an integral part of the clotting process, it has since been shown that these antibodies are directed against proteins. The binding of phospholipid to certain domains on one protein in particular (beta 2 glycoprotein 1 (β2GP1), one of the body's natural anticoagulants) alters the conformation of peptides at certain positions on the molecule, forming what is known as a cryptic epitope or neoantigen against which the antiphospholipid antibodies are directed (Fig. 1).


The Medical Journal of Australia ISSN: 0025729X 4 February 2013 198 2 77-77 ©The Medical Journal of Australia 2013 www.mja.com.au Perspective — Lead psychotropics in RACF residents, including falls, pneumo hospitalisation and mortality. The increased risk of mort in patients with dementia was first recognised with antipsychotics and is also observed with other classes o psychotropics. Increasing exposure to psychotropics, w respect to dose, duration and number of drugs, is associ with more adverse events. It is difficult to monitor While evidence supports psychotropic use in nursing homes in some scenarios, we use them too often, for too long, at doses too high and in dangerous combinations with other medications


Manufacturing defects in the membrane of MEMS (Micro-ElectroMechanical-Systems) structures have a significant effect on the sensitivity and working range of the device. Thus, in optimizing the design of MEMS devices, it is essential that the effects of membrane defects (e.g., cracks) can be predicted in advance. Accordingly, this study proposes the detailed two-dimensional Infinite Element Method (IEM) formulation with Infinite Element (IE)-Finite Element (FE) coupling scheme for analyzing the out-of-plane vibration of isotropic MEMS membranes containing one or more tip cracks. In the proposed approach, a degenerative computation scheme is used to condense the multiple element layers of the IEM domain to a single layer with master nodes at the boundary only. The validity of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by comparing the results obtained for the vibration of a rectangular membrane with the analytical solutions and the solutions obtained using the conventional Finite Element (FE) method, respectively. The validated IEM algorithm is then coupled with an FE scheme to analyze various cracked membrane vibration problems. The results show that the fundamental frequency of the membrane changes in accordance with the membrane thickness, but is unaffected by the number of cracks. However, it is shown that a change in the location of the cracks may cause a shift or rotation of the wave peaks of the structural mode shape. In general, the IEM algorithm presented in this paper provides a fast modeling, direct, and accurate tool to simulate the effects of cracks on the dynamic response of MEMS membranes. Furthermore, the algorithm can be easily integrated with experimental methods in order to test for the presence of cracks as part of the MEMS membrane quality control process. 1 Advanced Institute of Manufacturing for High-tech Innovations and Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, 168, University Rd., Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, 621, Taiwan, R.O.C. 2 Corresponding author. Tel.: +886-5-2720411 (Ext: 33305); fax: +886-5-2720589. E-mail address: email@example.com (D.S. Liu). 3 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, I-Shou University, No. 1, section 1, Shiuecheng Road, Dashu Shiang, Kaohsiung Country, Taiwan, 840, R.O.C. 98 Copyright © 2012 Tech Science Press CMC, vol.28, no.2, pp.97-120, 2012


Abstract : The Verification and Automated Reasoning research group at Cornell is involved in several DoD-related research projects that use formal methods, theorem proving, and knowledge management techniques to support the development of reliable software systems. These activities aim at making formal logical tools capable of solving difficult DoD tasks, using them for the development of safety-critical DoD software, making formalized algorithmic knowledge and logical software development tools accessible to researchers and programmers, and providing highly automated support for the training of researchers and programmers in the systematic design of reliable software. Due to the huge search spaces and high processing demands of formal reasoning tools, our prototype Logical Programming Environment and its associated Formal Digital Library require a large number of processors and large amounts of memory to run efficiently in state-of-the-art applications. With additional computing resources, funded under this grant the Cornell group contributed significantly to the DoD mission. The research instrumentation, described below provided the necessary computation infrastructure for making our research on system verification feasible, and it opened our proof system to remote users.


The Productive City in Antwerp, a material research and textile production with integrated residence: The notion of working and living in the same place has been a particular aspect of every city in the past. With industrialization, especially production and crafts have been driven out of the inner city. With the emergence of the idea of the 'Productive City' many cities aim to reintegrate small scale production within the urban fabric to reactivate manufacturing and local production. This contributes to the development of an active community within a neighborhood. The design of a textile manufacturing workspace with integrated residence addresses the question of intimacy within work environments and how this can be translated into an architectural project.


This study examines the factors which contribute to the abundance of algal picoplankton in lakes. A three-year field study of a meso-eutrophic lake was compared with observations from oligotrophic and highly eutrophic lakes in the region. Trophic state alone (oligotrophic vs. eutrophic) was not a good predictor of the importance of picoplankton; smaller cells were relatively abundant when phosphorus was limiting other phytoplankters, but also when nitrogen was in surplus. Subsequent field experiments found that picoplankton growth was stimulated by N, but not by P additions. This relationship was strongly affected by light and grazer levels. Grazers apparently mediate the effects of nutrient deficiency, and favor the growth of larger algal size classes, especially nanoplankton. The flux of P within experimental enclosures was controlled by picoplankton abundance under low nutrient conditions, but was a function of total phytoplankton biomass under P surplus.


The East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS), the widest and shallowest ocean shelf in the world, is an important region for producing and processing organic matter before the material is transported into the Arctic Ocean. Up to 100% of the total organic carbon (TOC) in the ESAS surface sediments is terrestrial by origin (TOCterr). TOCterr flux in the ESAS integrates riverine and coastal erosion signals, transforming TOCterr to carbon dioxide and other components within the land-shelf-atmosphere system. Degradation of eroded organic carbon produces a decrease in values of pH (causing ocean acidification) and dissolved oxygen, while producing an increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), total CO2 (TCO2), and nutrients (Semiletov, 1999; Semiletov et al., 2007; Anderson et al., 2009). Ongoing warming causes thawing of the permafrost underlying a majority of arctic river watersheds and more than 80% of the ESAS area; this process could accelerate river discharge, carbon losses from soils, involvement of old carbon in the modern carbon cycle, and the mobilization of previously-originated methane (CH4) that is currently stored within seabed deposits (Shakhova and Semiletov, 2009). Given current and predicted dramatic Arctic climate changes, baseline measurements are critical to elucidating Arctic carbon cycle feedback processes, predicting climate response, and understanding the likely ecological changes in the oligotrophic ESAS under future warmer (ice-free) climate scenarios. Here we present the first quantitative assessment of the connection among the components of carbon cycling and water mass parameters in the ESAS. Our results are based on a complex biogeochemical study performed by our group during 1997-2007. A strong regional correlation (∼0.96) was found between the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) fluorescence measured in situ using the WETStar fluorometer, and between the "filtered" particulate material (PM) and the turbidity (∼0.95) measured in situ using the OBS-3. These correlations allow us to accurately calculate DOC and PM distributions and their dynamics in the ESAS over recent years. We have found a correlation between the integrated storage (calculated according Shakhova et al., 2005) of components of the carbon cycle (dissolved CO2, CH4, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), DOC) and water mass parameters (salinity, PM concentration, and others) in the summer of 2003 vs. 2004 in connection with the atmospheric circulation patterns. We have found that both CO2 and PM integrated storage were increased in 2004 vs. 2003, while the integrated salinity and DIC were decreased; these results indicate an increase in the fresh water (FW) burden and probably in rates of coastal erosion (assuming the "erosional" origin of PM). In different years a significant correlation was found among values of DOC and POC vs. salinity, pCO2 vs. DOC/CDOM, and other parameters. We have shown that CDOM can be used as a conservative tracer to follow the transport and fate of FW across the Arctic shelf through a combination of remote sensing and field observations. That complex approach can be used to quantitatively monitor the overall changes in the ESAS; the ESAS integrates changing FW and geochemical response throughout the vast Siberian watersheds.


A new ESD device for high voltage CMOS applications is presented exemplary for a 90 nm CMOS technology. The high-current characteristic of this lateral bipolar device can be adjusted in a wide range by implant dose and layout trimming. This enables protection of pads operating at voltages exceeding maximum MOS specification.


Insolvency law and family law in Canada are both aimed at important public policy goals. The Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act allows the financially distressed to shed their debts and have a fresh start at earning income, while also ensuring an effective and organized debt collection mechanism for affected creditors. Family law is aimed at the equitable sharing of the economic consequence of the dissolution of marriage or a common law relationship, and where relevant, allocating responsibilities for children. Whereas insolvency law is federal, many aspects of family law, notably property division, fall under provincial or territorial jurisdiction. Family law and insolvency law frequently intersect, usually where one or both of the parties to a family breakup is financially distressed. Depending on the timing of separation of spouses and the date of bankruptcy, there can be serious issues as to how the property is divided and who has first claim to the value of the assets of the insolvent spouse. Family property claims, in the insolvency context, bump up against the rights of creditors.This article analyses Canadian legislation and judgments that deal with the intersection of family law and insolvency law in the allocation and realization of property, examining the issues that arise, the outcomes and the type of reasoning applied by the courts. Part II sets the backdrop fro the discussion that follows, analysing the gendered terrain when family law and bankruptcy intersect. Part III discusses the sometimes conflicting objectives of insolvency law and family law. Part IV briefly describes the bankruptcy process and the provisions that directly relate to family law claims. Part V describes in some detail the types of family property schemes and their treatment in bankruptcy, and analyses two recent appellate judgments -- Thibodeau v. Thibodeau (Ont. C.A.) and Schreyer v. Schreyer (S.C.C.) -- which both highlight the unfairness that can arise in respect of equalization of family property regimes during bankruptcy. Part VI raises issues in respect of family property held in trust for the non-bankrupt spouse. Part VII briefly touches on the issue of support claims during bankruptcy, and although it is not the focus of this article, it identifies some fairness issues that can arise in relation to spousal support, given the relationship between property division and spousal support. Finally, Part VIII formulates some principles that can be applied when the two frameworks are engaged, including some initial recommendations for legislative change.


Accepted 4 March 1997 A 38-year-old man came to the ear, nose and throat clinic with a slow-growing left cervical mass. He had undergone laparotomy and excision of a functioning paraganglioma above the right adrenal gland when he was eight years old. At the age of 12, he underwent left adrenalectomy due to a functioning paraganglioma. When he was 25, he underwent a craniotomy because of a capillary haemangioblastoma of the cerebellum. On examination, a hard round pulsatile mass, 4 cm in diameter was detected in the region of the left carotid artery. Computed tomography (CT) of the neck revealed a highly vascular mass in the region of the left carotid artery bifurcation (figure). Angiography with embolization of the proximal artery supplying the mass was performed. The patient was then operated on under general anaesthesia, and the mass was removed. The postoperative period was uneventful.