Filicide is defined as the killing of children from birth to age 18 by a natural or step‐parent. The legal definition of filicide in Korea does not impose such age limits. Although families in contemporary Korea are nuclear in structure, they were multigenerational prior to the industrialisation that occurred during the second half of the twentieth century. While psychiatric and evolutionary theories have been predominantly used in the filicide literature, prior works have neglected to examine how culture shapes violence against one's offspring. This paper explores the offence, offender, and victim characteristics in South Korean filicides (1948–1962) through a content analysis of a major newspaper (Chosun Ilbo). Results indicate that filicides occur in one‐on‐one contexts, primarily carried out by biological parents against their offspring while adoptive children appeared as victims due to the genealogical customs practiced in Korean society. Results indicate that more than 12% of filicide victims are adults. The implications of our findings are discussed.


The status of the next generation lithography laser produced plasma light source development at EUVA is presented. The light source is based on a Xenon jet target and a Nd:YAG driver laser. The laser, having a master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) configuration, operates at 10 kHz repetition rate and generates an average output power of 1.5 kW. The fwhm pulsewidth is 6 ns. The EUV system currently delivers an average EUV source power of 9.1 W (2% bandwidth, 2π sr) with a conversion efficiency of 0.6 %. Based on the development it is concluded that solid-state Nd:YAG laser technology can be cost efficiently used to produce 10 W level EUV light sources. In order to generate an average power of 115 W for a future extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light source, however, the cost of a Nd:YAG based LPP source will be too high. Therefore RF-CO2 laser technology will be used. The designed CO2 driver laser system has a MOPA configuration. The oscillator has ns-order pulsewidth and the laser system operates at a repetition rate of 100 kHz. Due to its inert cleanliness Xenon droplets will be the target material.


First the traditional objects-attribute information table converted into a objects-attribute-attribute value table by using binary. Then two new concept is defined in this paper: concept vector instead of elementary sets (the equivalence classes of R) and knowledge matrix instead of equivalence relation of R by using binary system. Put forward a new solution to the lower and upper approximations support subset on rough set by using concept vector and knowledge matrix. Examples also are given.


Titanium alloys are used in different industries like biomedical, aerospace, aeronautic, chemical, and naval. Those industries have high requirements with few damage tolerances. Therefore, they are necessary to use materials that present fatigue, mechanical, and corrosion resistance. Although Ti-alloys are material with high performance, they are exposed to corrosion in marine and industrial environments. This research shows the corrosion behavior of three titanium alloys, specifically Ti CP2, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, and Ti-6Al-4V. Alloys were exposed on two electrolytes to a 3.5 wt % H2SO4 and NaCl solutions at room temperature using cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP) and electrochemical noise (EN) according to ASTM G61 and ASTM G199 standards. CPP technique was employed to obtain electrochemical parameters as the passivation range (PR), corrosion type, passive layer persistence, corrosion potential (Ecorr), and corrosion rate. EN was analyzed by power spectral density (PSD) in voltage. Results obtained revealed pseudopassivation in CPP and PSD exposed on NaCl for Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, indicating instability and corrosion rate lower. However, Ti-6Al-4V presented the highest corrosion rate in both electrolytes. Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo revealed pseudopassivation in CPP and PSD in NaCl, indicating a passive layer unstable. However, the corrosion rate was lower in both solutions.


Although many patients with genital warts attend a genito‐urinary clinic, a number are referred by their general practitioners directly to a dermatologist. Studies from genito‐urinary clinics have suggested that a high proportion of patients have other genital infections. A recent study has suggested that patients with genital warts referred to dermatologists are similar (Fairris, Statham & Waugh, 1984).


OBJECTIVE
To study the chemical constituents of Choerospondias axillaries.

METHODS
All compounds were isolated and purified by normal column chromatograph, paper thin layer chromatograph and sephadex chromatograph, the chemical strucures were mainly elucidated by ESI-MS and NMR spectra.

RESULTS
seven compouds were isolated from the Choerospondias axillaries and as following: beta-sitostero (I), hexadecanoic acid (II), correctitude fourty-two alkyl acid (III), daucosterol (IV), quercetin (V), rutinum (VI), lueolin-3'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (VII).

CONCLUSION
Compounds II, III, V, VII are isolated from this plant for the first time.


Objective:To examine the level of TNFα and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in maternal serum of normal pregnancies and patients with preeclampsia and to study the clinical significance and effects of them on the pathogenesis of the disease.Methods:Serum levels of TNFα and VEGF of 40 normal pregnant women and 50 patients with preeclampsia(mild 20,severe 30) were determined respectively by radioimmunoassay and ELISA.Results:① Serum levels of VEGF in all preeclampsia subgroups(16.33±1.02) μg/L,(15.61±1.13) μg/L in mild and severe were significantly lower than those in the normal pregnant group(17.12±1.81) μg/L(P0.05).There was negative correlation between levels of VEGF and degrees of preeclampsia(r=-0.446,P0.05).②Serum levels of TNFα in preeclampsia(1.57±0.17) μg/L were significantly higher than that of normal pregnant group(1.39±0.13) μg/L.③There was negative correlation between levels of VEGF and TNFα(r=-0.448,P0.05) in preeclampsia and normal pregnant women.④There were close relationship in serum levels of VEGF and TNFα in patients of preeclampsia and their clinical characters.Conclusion:The levels of VEGF and TNFα maybe suggest the degree of preeclampsia,be one of the indicator of preeclampsia;VEGF may be correlated with TNFα in development of preeclampsia.


Evaluation of strength and quality of smell is today still primarily done with human sensory panels. For a range of applications, technical systems for an objective smell assessment would provide a great benefit in R&D and also day‐to‐day application. The project presented here specifically addresses the problem of assessing the strength and unpleasantness of smell caused by sweat in shoes and socks by an E‐nose system. The ultimate goal is to provide a tool for developing improved shoe/sock systems with optimized materials.The main approach to achieve this goal is to find a correlation between the assessment of a human sensory panel and the complex sensor response patterns of an E‐Nose system to appraise the smell of sweat in shoes and socks. Therefore a range of test persons wear shoes and socks under defined ambient conditions in a controlled test environment as well as during everyday use. Afterwards the smell of the shoes and socks is both measured with the E‐Nose system and assessed by a human senso...


incidence and epidemiology Primary lung cancer is the most common malignancy after non-melanocytic skin cancer with deaths from lung cancer exceeding those from any other type of malignancy worldwide [1]. While it has been the most important cause of cancer mortality in men since the 1960s, it has equalled breast cancer as a cause of mortality in women since the 1990s. To date, prevention and smoking cessation are still the main methods to reduce the death toll [2]. Lung cancer is still increasing both in incidence and mortality worldwide. In countries with effective tobacco control measures, the incidence of new lung cancer has begun to decline in men and is reaching a plateau for women [3, 4]. In the European Union in 2013, lung cancer mortality fell in men (−6%) compared with 2009 while cancer death rates in women are increasing (+7%) and approaching those of men [5]. Non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC) account for 85%–90% of lung cancers, while small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been decreasing in frequency in many countries over the last two decades [1]. Smoking is the main cause of lung cancer, responsible for more than 80% of cases. The observed variations in lung cancer rates across countries largely reflect differences in the stage and degree of the tobacco epidemic with reported crude incidence rates between 2/100 000–80/100 000 and 1/100 000–39/100 000 for men and women, respectively. There are several other known risk factors including exposure to asbestos, arsenic, radon, and non-tobacco-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons , and interesting hypotheses about indoor air pollution (e.g. coal-fuelled stoves and cooking fumes) suspected to contribute to the relatively high burden of non-smoking-related lung cancer in women in some countries. Prevalence of lung cancer in females without a history of tobacco smoking is estimated to represent 19% compared with 9% of male lung carcinoma in the United States [6]. Women are over-represented among younger patients, raising the question of gender-specific differences in the susceptibility to lung carcinogens [7]. In recent times, an increase in the proportion of NSCLC patients who are never smokers has been observed, especially in Asian countries [8]. These new epidemiological data have resulted in 'non-smoking-associated lung cancer' being considered a distinct disease entity, where specific molecular and genetic tumour characteristics are being recognised. diagnosis Therapeutic decisions for NSCLC patients rely on tumour subtype definition. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) should be used to reduce the NSCLC-NOS (not otherwise specified) …


1. The increment threshold for a brief, small probing light flash was used as an indicator of the state of adaptation of the human fovea. It shows that illumination of a zone up to 7 min of arc in diameter desensitizes the retina and that the additional illumination of a surrounding zone acts to counteract the desensitization.


s:There are a number of roads leading to a certain destination and there are several shortest ones among them. Then comes the question: How can we calculate the number of the shortest roads.There is a simple solution given in the article below.


This paper is a contribution to the debate in Germany and beyond in Europe on future directions for education. It builds on and extends earlier work by the authors, on democratic experimentalism (Moss, 2009; Fielding & Moss, forthcoming) and early childhood workforce professionalism (Urban, 2008, 2009, 2010; Dalli & Urban 2010). At a time when managerial, technical and market approaches are increasingly influential, it argues the case for an alternative: an education based on 'democracy' and 'experimentation' as fundamental values and practices.

By arguing for an education of democracy and experimentation, the paper assumes that there are other possible values. The issue is not whether or not to have values in education, but which values and what practices follow from the choice of values?


Foreground segmentation algorithms are sometimes provided with feedback mechanisms to deal with complex scenarios such as dynamic backgrounds. This is accomplished with background dynamic estimators in the case of foreground detectors based on non-parametric models with a historical record of the background. This work introduces the Shannon entropy as a new background dynamics estimator. The paper shows that this approach leads to better figures of merit than those provided by the original background dynamics estimators in state-of-the-art algorithms such as PBAS and SuBSENSE for complex scenarios as dynamic backgrounds or camera jitter in the database ChangeDetection. Also, the Shannon entropy permits to decrease the number of samples in the background model, cutting memory usage, and thus making implementations on embedded devices easier.


With the advent of semiconductors, there has been a growing trend toward utilizing as many transistors as possible in vehicular-communication equipment. Indeed, complete transistorization is possible for the entire mobile receiver section. In addition, part of the transmitter can also be equipped with transistors.


In this paper, I revise the taxonomy of the lace bug genus Agramma Stephens, 1829 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae: Tinginae) from Japan. Two species are recognized and re-described: A. japonicum (Drake, 1948) described previously from Japan, and A. abruptifrons Golub, 1990, newly recorded from Japan. The previous records of A. nexile (Drake, 1948) from Japan are confirmed as misidentifications of A. japonicum. The host plant relationship is discussed for A. abruptifrons and A. japonicum. Photographs of living individuals for A. abruptifrons and A. japonicum are presented. A key is provided to facilitate the identification of the two species of Agramma distributed in Japan.


Abstract Angelica sinensis is one of the most widely used Chinese medicinal herb. It has been cultivated for over 900 years, and the wild resource has been on the verge of extinction owing to over-exploitation. In the present study, we assembled and characterized the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of two wild and one cultivated individuals of A. sinensis for future genetic studies. These plastome genomes varied from 142,484 to 142,529 bp in size, and overall GC contents were about 37.5%. Phylogenetic analysis and comparison on the cp genome structure reveal that the wild A. sinensis sampled should not be the wild ancestor, but the escape of the cultivated.


....................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...................................................... iv TABLE OF CONTENTS......................................................... v LIST OF TABLES................................................................. ix LIST OF FIGURES............................................................... x CHAPTER 1 INTRODCUTION..................................................1 1.1 Android History...........................................................1 1.2 Pre-Commercial Release Versions......................................3 1.2.1 Alpha Version...................................................3 1.2.2 Beta Version....................................................3 1.3 Outline......................................................................4 1.4 Motivation..................................................................5 1.5 Attacking Procedure.......................................................6 CHAPTER 2 ANDROID ARCHITECTURE..................................8 2.1 Android Security Architecture...........................................8 2.2 System and Kernel Security..............................................9 2.3 Application Security in Android.......................................10 2.4 Sandbox...................................................................11 vi 2.4.1 Functionality...................................................13 2.5 Droidbox..................................................................14 CHAPTER 3 VULNERABILITIES............................................17 3.1 Vulnerabilities of Data Leakage in Android Applications.........17 Data Leak through the Android App Structure..........................17 3.1.1 ContentProvider and Permission............................17 3.1.2 Data Leak through Reverse Engineering...................20 a) Using Dedexer Tool.......................................21 b) Data Leak through Apk Manager........................22 c) Proguard....................................................23 3.2 Vulnerabilities of Data Leakage in Android GPS Applications...24 CHAPTER 4 LEAKAGE DETECTION ANALYSIS......................28 Detecting Leakage Analysis in GPS Applications.......................28 Approaches....................................................................29 4.1 LeakMiner A Static Taint Analysis.................................29 Functionality.............................................................31 4.1.1 Fundamental activity lifecycle callbacks...................31 4.1.2 Activity supplementary callbacks...........................32 4.1.3 Basic service lifecycle callbacks............................32 4.1.4 Service supplementary callbacks............................32 vii 4.2 TaintDroid – a Dynamic Taint approach.............................33 4.3 Detection Leakage through Hybrid Analysis........................38 4.4 Detection Leakage through Cloud based analysis..................39 4.5 Leak Detection through Kynoid........................................41 4.6 DroidVulMon............................................................43 4.6.1Security Architecture for malicious App detection........43 4.7 Overall Comparison....................................................46 CHAPTER 5 ANDROID APPTRCK ME...................................48 5.1 Location Tracking Applications.......................................47 5.2 Case Study................................................................49 5.3 Personalized Android app – Track Me...............................51 Functionality..........................................................51 5.3.1 Welcome Screen...............................................52 5.3.2 Go to application..............................................53 5.3.3 Contacts.........................................................54 5.3.4 Choosing a Contact...........................................55 5.3.5 Start Updating.................................................56 5.3.6 Text Message Notification...................................57 5.3.7 Google Map View.............................................58 viii CHAPTER 6 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SECURE APPS...............59 CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK.....................61 BIBLIOGRAPHY..................................................................62 VITA


The primary aim of the study was to develop knowledge about how unaccompanied asylum-seeking children manage their life circumstances and challenges after being granted a residence permit and matur ...


The liquid crystal (LC) and deformable mirror (DM) cascaded adaptive optics (AO) system can be used to effectively extend the imaging waveband of a large aperture telescope from the infrared to the visible waveband. However, to maintain the effectiveness and stability of the LC-DM AO system, the issues of synchronization and cross-coupling must be resolved. This study proposed a global decoupling control algorithm to simultaneously control the two correctors with high precision. The global decoupling control matrix has been constructed using an eigenmode orthogonal basis and a constraint matrix. The eigenmode orthogonal basis has been derived from the response matrix of the DM and is used for selectively distributing the large stroke low-order aberration to the DM and the remaining aberration to the LC. The constraint matrix has been derived from the projection of the LC response matrix onto the DM eigenmode orthogonal basis, which is used for restraining the LC generating the cross-coupling shape with the DM. The control vectors for both correctors have been calculated simultaneously using the global decoupling control matrix. Numerical simulation indicates that this algorithm exhibits good performance in correcting the different spatial frequency aberrations simultaneously and suppressing the cross-coupling between the dual correctors. Compared to the typical Zernike decomposition algorithm, this algorithm can make full use of the compensation ability of LC-DM. An experiment was conducted on the LC-DM AO system for a 2 m telescope. The experimental results demonstrate that this algorithm is practical for the LC-DM AO system. The cross-coupling between the dual correctors can be restrained well for static and dynamic aberrations simultaneously.


Abstract The aim of this article is to document, contextualise, and theorise the rebellious actions carried out by artists in Slovenia in 2020–2021, and to present these actions as a continuation of the avant-garde movements of the twentieth century. We focus on the diverse actions and protests carried out by a strong alliance of artists, anti-capitalists, anti-fascists, ecological movements, and other civil structures that continue to challenge the oppressive autocratic powers. When art becomes confrontational, it fights for its autonomy and its production can achieve an aesthetic revolutionary potential. So when it demands the impossible, it fights for its space and position and becomes life itself, it becomes avant-garde. We could therefore say that the politics of aesthetics has a way of producing its own politics, proposing to re-arrange politics, re-configure art as a political issue or assert itself as true politics.


I was in the back seat of a yellow taxi gripping my mother's hand like a 5-year-old, scared and hoping her mommy would make it all right. But in fact I was 28 years old, still scared, and hoping my mommy would make it all right. We were coming home from UCSF hospital, and I was in a full-body brace, having survived spinal-fusion surgery exactly a week earlier and heading to the tiny walk-up apartment my husband and I shared over the Stockton Tunnel in San Francisco.


A 3 at% Er3+:Ca0.8Sr0.2F2 mixed crystal was grown successfully with a Ca:Sr molar ratio of about 4:1. This was applied as a laser gain medium and pumped by diode laser, obtaining a continuous-wave output power of 1.41 W with a slope efficiency of 39.2%, thus exceeding the Stokes limit by about 5%. Furthermore, with Mn+1XnTx (MXene) as a saturable absorber, passive Q-switched mode-locking operation was experimentally demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Mode-locked pulses under the Q-switched pulse envelope had a high repetition rate of 103.2 MHz at a center wavelength of 2,796.7 nm.


The gas barrier performance of PET was modified by adding nanometer scale silica dioxide by in-situ polymerization method.The gas barrier performance and the wear resistance were improved without losing the transparency of the PET.


The district of Kepulauan Seribu consists of 110 islands which cover 6.997 km2 area in Teluk Jakarta. The local government relises that for supporting their sustainable development need a good environmental management such as solid waste management and treatment. The clean beach and settlement are very important for developing tourism and mariculture. Kepulauan Seribu has to set up the profesional integrated solid waste management that carried out by all the stakeholders. The clean island is investment for Kepulauan Seribu for attracting investor, economic actor and tourists.


A lecture delivered at the inauguration of the Rice Institute, by Professor Hugo de Vries, Director of the Hortus Botanicus and Professor of the Anatomy and Physiology of Plants in the University of Amsterdam


Permselectivities of coatings and membranes prepared from polyanionic Nafion and from a new type of polycationic copolymer were evaluated by two methods. (i) Electroactive couples incorporated in coatings on graphite electrode surfaces served as redox probes whose apparent formal potentials changed as the concentration of supporting electrolyte was varied. The magnitude of those changes allowed the permselectivities of the coating to be surmised. (ii) Thicker layers of the polyelectrolytes were used as membranes to separate supporting electrolyte solutions of differing concentrations. The potential difference between reference electrodes placed on either side of the membrane allowed the permselectivities of the membranes to be judged. Both of the methods indicated nearly ideal permselectivity of Nafion coatings and membranes at supporting electrolyte concentrations below ca. 2 M. Ideal permselectivity continued to be registered for a Nafion membranes by the redox probe method even after the membrane had been punctured so that the bulk cation transference number was far from unity. For the polycationic copolymer, both methods indicated increasing deviations from ideal anion permselectivity as the concentration of the supporting electrolyte was increased. Interpretations and some consequences of the observations are presented.


End to end learning for autonomous navigation and driving has become a growing research trend in both industry and academia in recent years. Its promise is in treating the whole driving pipeline as the development of a deep neural network (DNN). Its Achilles' heel is access to thousands of images required for training of the DNN. This paper comprehensively investigates the applicability of the deep transfer learning for the specific task of end to end learning of autonomous navigation. Five state of the art DNNs including ResNet, AlexNet, and Densenet are applied here for extracting features from images taken by the front-facing camera of a mobile robot. Extracted features have different information values as DNNs have different architectures and learning capabilities. These features are then processed by a multilayer fully connected neural network to estimate the robot angular velocity. Obtained results for different DNNs indicate that the transfer learning-based models show a promising performance for accurately estimating the angular velocity purely using visual information. According to obtained results, AlexNet-base model outperforms others in terms of the estimation accuracy and the performance consistency.


Objective:To probe the relationship between the appearance on mammography and C-erbB-2 in infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast(IDC) and evaluate the possibility of predicting the expression of C-erbB-2 in IDC preoperation by means of mammography.Methods:60 patients with IDC confirmed pathologically were involved in this study,and the specimen was examined immuhistochemistically to judge the expression of C-erbB-2.The malignant calcifications and marginalspeculation around tumors on Mo-target X-ray images were compared with the expression of C-erbB-2.Results:Spicule signs were seen in 25 of the 60 cases,and calcifications,in28;C-erbB-2 positve erpression was found in 33.Significant difference in C-erbB-2 positive rate existed between the lesion with calcifications and the lesion without calcifications(P0.05).C-erbB-2 positive rate in lesions without spicule sign was higher than that in lesions with spicule sign,but there was no statistical difference.Conclusion:A certain correlation exists between calcification and CerbB-2 expression in patients with IDC.The appearance of infiltrating ductal carcioma(IDC) on Mo-target X-ray images may be used to predict the expression of CerbB-2 in IDC.


The human race has always innovated, and in a relatively short time went from building fires and making stone-tipped arrows to creating smartphone apps and autonomous robots. Today, technological progress will undoubtedly continue to change the way we work, live, and survive in the coming decades. Since the beginning of the new millennium, the world has witnessed the emergence of social media, smartphones, self-driving cars, and autonomous flying vehicles. There have also been huge leaps in energy storage, artificial intelligence, and medical science. We are facing immense challenges in global warming and food security, among many other issues. While human innovation has contributed to many of the problems we are facing, it is also human innovation and ingenuity that can help humanity deal with these issues "New directions in science are launched by new tools much more often than by new concepts. The effect of a concept-driven revolution is to explain old things in new ways. The effect of a tooldriven revolution is to discover new things that have to be explained". (F. Dyson, 1997 In this article, we review the impact of technology as evolving at beginning of 21 Century on future prospect of Energy demand either renewable or non-renewable form, Economy, to Ecommerce, Education and any other E-related of Modern Technology.


In this paper, the performance of combination forecast methods for CO2 emissions prediction is investigated. Linear model, time series model, GM (1, 1) model and Grey Verhulst model are selected in study as the separate models. And, four kinds of combination forecast models, i.e. the equivalent weight (EW) combination method, variance-covariance (VACO) combination method, regression combination (R) method, and discounted mean square forecast error (MSFE) method are chosen to employ for top 5 CO2 emitters. The forecasting accuracy is compared between these combination models and single models. This research suggests that the combination forecasts are almost certain to outperform the worst individual forecasts and maybe even better than most individual ones. Furthermore the combination forecasts can avoid the risk of model choosing in future projection. For CO2 emissions forecast with many uncertain factors in the future, combining the single forecast would be safer in such forecasting situations.


An experiment was conducted during kharif seasons of year 2018-19 and 2019-20 on medium black calcareous clayey soil at Junagadh (Gujarat) to study crop intensification and diversification through groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) + sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata) intercropping system. The groundnut (cv. GG-20) was mix/intercropped with sweet corn (cv. Sugar-75) and pigeonpea (cv. GJP-1). Ten treatments comprising mix/intercropping systems viz., sole groundnut, sole sweet corn, sole pigeonpea, groundnut + sweet corn in 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 row ratio in replacement series, groundnut + sweet corn (3:1 in additive series), groundnut + sweet corn with paired row (45-75-45 cm) (2:1 in additive series), mix cropping of groundnut 80% + sweet corn 20% and groundnut + pigeonpea (3:1 in replacement series) were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. The productivity of these systems in terms of groundnut pod equivalent yield was significantly higher (2338 kg/ha) with intercropping of groundnut + sweet corn with paired row (45-75-45 cm) (2:1 in additive series) followed by intercropping of groundnut + sweet corn (3:1 in additive series) (2156 kg/ha) than sole groundnut (1658 kg/ha) and other mix/intercropping systems. The biological efficiency of the mix/intercropping systems in terms of the LER (1.537), LEC (0.545) and ATER (1.414) were also recorded significantly higher under intercropping of groundnut + sweet corn with paired row (45-75-45 cm) (2:1 in additive series). K e y w o r d s


C. Thompson & R. Bastiaanse, Introduction to Agrammatism. R. Bastiaanse & R. Jonkers, Linguistic Accounts of Agrammatic Aphasia. D. Caplan, Resource Reduction Accounts of Syntactically Based Comprehension Disorders. S. Cappa, Neurological Accounts of Agrammatism. C. Luzzatti, S. Mondini, C. Semenza, Lexical Impairments C. Thompson, A. Kielar, S. Fix, Morphological Aspects of Agrammatic Aphasia. J. Niemi & M. Laine, Lexical, Inflectional, and Clitic Morphology: Evidence from an Agrammatic Aphasic Individual. R. De Bleser, F. Burchert, P. Holzinger, C. Weidlich Agrammatism at the Sentence Level: The Role of Morphology and Prosody. J. Webster & D. Howard, Assessment of Agrammatic Language. Y. Faroqi-Shah & C. Thompson, Approaches to Treatment of Agrammatism.


The emergence of the ecosystem services framework has coincided with the rise in the policy agenda of what have been coined ''market-based instruments'' for environmental governance, particularly in policy contexts in which it is urgent to reconcile environmental conservation and poverty alleviation (Gómez-Baggethun et al. 2010). Such governance instruments include payments for ecosystem services, biodiversity and habitat offsets, and environmental certification schemes. In the discussion about the governance of ecosystem services it is important to notice that their provision can be conceived as a social dilemma, in the sense that usually it requires concerted action among the users (producers and beneficiaries) of ecosystem services. In this respect, a critical contribution of institutional economics has been to stress that all governance options entail transaction costs. Some governance mechanisms are, however, more costly than others in particular situations, depending on the characteristics of the transactions. Typically, the provision of ecosystem services is the result of multiple individual decisions (e.g., about land uses), which tends to make the cost of monitoring and enforcement particularly high within hierarchical governance arrangements. Furthermore, the fact that agents whose welfares are interconnected through ecosystem functions are located in distant geographical areas (often across state boundaries) creates additional difficulties in implementing hierarchical governance mechanisms (command-and-control), due to the challenge to set up interstate legislation and regulations in the absence of an international authority with capacity to enforce them. This has been a main justification


Dental caries is a dynamic process which results in demineralization of inorganic constituents and destruction of organic structure of the tooth. The basic mechanism of inorganic demineralization has been studied and documented well enough. However, the exact mechanisms and enzymes responsible for the organic matrix breakdown remain unknown. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of endopeptidases which are responsible for degrading all extracellular matrix components, which are expressed in normal dentin-pulp complex. MMP's are believed to act as double-edged sword since it causes progression of caries process and also helps in repair and defense mechanism initiated by caries in dentin-pulp complex. Several MMPs are also found in normal dentin-pulp complex cells and tissues, and they are considered to be involved in many physiological processes during the formation and maintenance of the dentin-pulp complex. This article gives a brief review of MMPs and its role in oral health.


more clearly to understand, for example, Vietnamese involvement in current Laotian developments as the combined product of ideological, military, and &dquo;rice&dquo; imperialism. But this work, for the same reason, is also a disturbing commentary on the state of high quality American research on post-1945 developments especially in the Indochinese theater of Southeast Asia. DONALD DOUGLAS DALGLEISH


(709) The year 1998 saw the publication of a landmark paper by French authors (1), who, using electrophysiological studies, demonstrated that the impulse triggering atrial fibrillation, ectopic beat, originates in the majority of cases from the region of the pulmonary veins. In the above study, this was so in 94% of cases, most frequently from the left upper pulmonary vein. This revolutionized the concept of the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation as the most frequent supraventricular arrhythmia. The consequences of the new discovery included novel methods of catheter-based treatment of sustained atrial fibrillation, i. e., ablation of the ectopic focus inside a pulmonary vein or complete electrical isolation of the pulmonary veins (2). Needless to say, the new discovery led to a search for the morphological substrate of the electrical impulse in the pulmonary veins; a host of anatomical and pathological studies appeared, mapping the area of communication between the left atrium and pulmonary veins (e. g., 3-5). Today, the ectopic beat seems to have been clearly shown to originate in extensions of the left atrial myocardium upon the pulmonary veins as so-called myocardial sleeves. These sleeves are present in 70-90% of pulmonary veins; on average, they are 10 mm long (rarely as long as 30 mm) and 1 mm in thickness. Over the past two years, we have been carrying out a grant research project addressing the pathology of these sleeves in relation to atrial fibrillation; results of the project are to be presented on another occasion. When researching the literature relevant to the issue of myocardial sleeves, I repeatedly noted authors referring to F. Raeuschel as the first to describe this anatomical structure in 1836 (e. g., 6, 7). The name of F. Raeuschel rang a bell, and I later realized it was included in Volume 6 of the Collected Papers (Opera omnia) of Jan Evangelista Purkinje, about dissertation theses by Purkinjes students (8). In the years 1823-1850 Purkinje served as Professor of Physiology at the Medical School of Breslau University in what was formerly Prussia (currently Wroclaw, Poland). In 1832 Purkinje received his long-awaited microscope and began to investigate a wide range of tissues in the human body as well as those of animals and plants. He would involve his students in these microscopic studies. At that time a requirement for graduating from a school at Wroclaw University was to present and publicly defend a dissertation thesis. A number of these dissertation theses, including that developed by Raeuschel, originated at Purkinje's institute and, not surprisingly, many of these theses addressed microscopic issues. The student Ferdinand Raeuschel (born in 1809 in Silesia) defended his inaugural anatomic-physiological dissertation thesis called "De arteriarum et venarum structura" on 29 October 1836. He even published his dissertation thesis as a 24-page booklet with a single enclosure featuring anatomical and histological drawings. In his thesis Raeuschel addressed the microscopic structure of arteries, veins and arterioles while using original histological techniques for tissue fixation and processing. On page 18 of the last chapter, Raeuschel addressed venous structure. Writing in Latin, Raeuschel says (translation by Prof. K. Žlábek) (10): "Real muscle fibres (i. e., myocardial fibres, K. Ž.) are only found in the venae cavae superior and inferior close to the heart, whereby they create its central membrane ... The same HISTORY OF MEDICINE


There is an obvious turn of aesthetics focus from Wei and Jin Dynasty to South and North Dynasty,which is:from focusing on human to the literature.This change is shown on three aspects:the judgment of people,the standard of appreciation and the method of aesthetics,which are all changed from human to literature.This demonstrates that the conscious of "human" and "literature" haven't occurred synchronically but processed logically and historically.


Abstract Elsevier ClinicalKey is one of the industry's leading clinical search engines. Its database of diverse medical literature is informed by an e-book collection that forms a permanent part of its interface. A constituent part of the database's institutional site license, the collection seamlessly integrates with the database's other core resources through an efficient and clinician-friendly navigation. Content is delivered in a feasible manner that adapts to multiple platforms and incorporates personalized options to enrich the collection's versatility. Within libraries, the collection is highly valuable for clinical use or as an education resource.


An access protocol suitable for a wideband packet satellite network serving a finite number of bursty buffered users is proposed. Each station can reserve a number of slots by transmitting a reservation packet in its reservation minislot. The reservations are stored in the On Board Scheduler (OBS) and data slots are assigned to reserving stations on a first come, first served basis. Whenever the reservation queue becomes empty, the upcoming data slot is assigned to one of the station in a round-robin fashion. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated both by simulation and analysis and is compared with those of few other existing schemes. Different strategies for making reservations are considered.


The method of the present invention, at least one wheel is present with respect to that, a plurality of wheels (2a to 2d) How to locate and apparatus of the vehicle (1) which comprises one of the wheel-side electronic instrument (3a to 3d). According to this method, the vehicle side, from the wheel-side electronic instrument, wheels estimate possible is signal (7) is received when it was first rotation angle position (alpha) (t This signal consists of a plurality of packets (7a to 7c). At least one time interval between the plurality of packets


Neural network-based models are notoriously known for their adversarial vulnerability. Recent adversarial machine learning mainly focused on images, where a small perturbation can be simply added to fool the learning model. Very recently, this practice has been explored in human action video attacks by adding perturbation to key frames. Unfortunately, frame selection is usually computationally expensive in run-time, and adding noises to all frames is unrealistic, either. In this paper, we present a novel yet efficient approach to address this issue. Multi-modal video data such as RGB, depth and skeleton data have been widely used for human action modeling, and they have been demonstrated with superior performance than a single modality. Interestingly, we observed that the skeleton data is more "vulnerable" under adversarial attack, and we propose to leverage this "Achilles' Heel" to attack multi-modal video data. In particular, first, an adversarial learning paradigm is designed to perturb skeleton data for a specific action under a black box setting, which highlights how body joints and key segments in videos are subject to attack. Second, we propose a graph attention model to explore the semantics between segments from different modalities and within a modality. Third, the attack will be launched in run-time on all modalities through the learned semantics. The proposed method has been extensively evaluated on multi-modal visual action datasets, including PKU-MMD and NTU-RGB+D to validate its effectiveness.


Germline variants in fumarate hydratase (FH) are associated with autosomal dominant (AD) hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) and autosomal recessive (AR) fumarase deficiency (FMRD). The prevalence and cancer penetrance across different FH variants remain unclear.


This volume in the series Documentary History of the Jews in Italy illustrates the history of the Jews in Sicily from 1490 to 1497. It is the sequel to the first seven volumes and covers the events during the rule of the Catholic Kings Ferdinand and Isabella, following the unification of Spain. They cover the last years leading up to the expulsion, the expulsion itself, and a few events in its aftermath. A further deterioration in the position of the Jews took place in those last years of their presence on Sicily. Numerically the Jewish community on the island reached its zenith, accompanied by economic prosperity. Nearly a thousand documents, many of them published here for the first time, record the fortunes of the Jews. Again, much new information has come to light, and many facets of Jewish life in Sicily have been uncovered. The abundance of historical records in the archives of the Crown and of local authorities again compares favorably with the relative scarcity of surviving documentation in earlier centuries. Therefore, many documents had to be reported in summary form. The volume is provided with additional bibliography and indexes, while the introduction will appear at the end of the series. This is the last volume of the The Jews in Sicily based mainly on governmental sources, to be followed by additional volumes containing records culled from notarial deeds.


"Rationality" is understood in the empirical sense of cognitive abilities of human brains for solving economic problems, and consequently recognized bounded in individually unequal ways. This is shown to require treating it as a unique scarce resource, used for deciding on its own uses. This uniqueness disturbs axiomatic economics by a tangled hierarchy, and implies that rationality-allocation can approach efficiency only by means of an institutionally shaped trial-and-error evolution. Applied to the markets vs. government issue, a comparative institutional analysis of rationality-allocation yields novel insights with non-standard policy implications, and thus demonstrates that rationality-allocation matters.


The increasing demand for materials for manufacturing products needs to be met with the development of new materials. This research aimed at developing a composite of Hibiscus cannabinus L. fiber, corn silk, and polyester resin. In the first stage of this research, a composite of a variety of mass fractions and fiber length was made. The mass fraction used in the Hibiscus cannabinus L. fiber: corn silk was (10%: 10%), (12.5%: 7.5%), and (15%: 5%). The fiber lengths of Hibiscus cannabinus L. fiber and corn silk were 30, 60, and 90 mm. The method used to make composite materials was the hand lay-up method using molds. In the second stage, the composite material was tested with a tensile test. The standard used was ASTM D 638M-84 M-1. The third stage was to optimize tensile test results by using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The result of RSM optimization was Hibiscus cannabinus L. fiber: corn silk composition (16%: 4%) with the fiber length of 102.4 mm, having a tensile strength of 3.65 Kg/mm2.


A 53-year-old man presented to the emergency room (ER) with fever, dry cough and shortness of breath for 6 days. Clinically he had tachycardia (114 beats per minute), tachypnoea (30 per minute) and was maintaining oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. He had acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (PaO2/FiO2 of 0.28), and there was no leucopaenia or lymphopaenia. Chest X-ray revealed peripheral consolidations with base towards …


The paper presents a procedure for the preparation of sodium polysilicate from silica hydrosol for use as an additional binding agent in the production of composite materials based on wood matrix. It is proved that 3-stages mechanical activation of low quality sand makes it possible to obtain silica particles with sizes on the upper boundary of the ultradispersed range (100 nm). The effect of dimensional characteristics, the zeta potential of the surface of silica particles, and the protolytic properties of the dispersion medium on the gel formation process is studied. The obtained dependence of the zeta potential of particles from the pH of diluent has shown that in acidic region have equivalence point and a low zeta-potential area in which the colloidal particles become unstable (which may lead to rapid gelification in the system). It is proposed to accelerate the process of depolarization of silica particles by maintain the pH value of the dispersion medium equal to 2-4, this will quickly produce a large yield of gel-like sodium polysilicate.


The behavioral investor type (BIT) framework identifies four categories of clients—the Preserver, the Follower, the Independent, and the Accumulator—each of whom has distinct behavioral biases and risk profiles. Understanding which categories your clients fall into can go a long way toward producing better investment returns and building stronger relationships.


Numerical accuracy in calculating the dispersive nature by the transverse modal analysis is rechecked. It has been found that numerical accuracy can be further improved by taking account of the symmetrical property of the dominant mode.


This article provides an overview on empowerment of women in India, including the definition, indicators, factors determine empowerment of women, and the role of SHGs in empowering women through credit facilities. It would help to develop a suitable indicator for measuring the empowerment of women for the present investigation. Therefore, this chapter chiefly focuses on meaning and need of women empowerment in India, conceptualization and definition of women empowerment, various indicators to judge women empowerment at the worldwide level, various literature relating to past studies conducted on measurement of empowerment, the levels of women empowerment and factors determining empowerment, necessity to organize groups for women empowerment, etc.


The utility model relates to the technical field of high-voltage electroscopes, and especially relates to a non-contact high-voltage electroscope with a voice broadcast function. The non-contact high-voltage electroscope with the voice broadcast function comprises an insulating unit, a sensor electric signal acquisition unit, a high voltage processing and indicating unit and a voice broadcast unit, and the sensor electric signal acquisition unit, the high voltage processing and indicating unit and the voice broadcast unit are arranged on the insulating unit, the sensor electric signal acquisition unit is connected with the high voltage processing and indicating unit, by connecting the voice broadcast unit with the high voltage processing and indicating unit or the sensor electric signal acquisition unit, detected electric signals can be prompted in a voice broadcast manner, the anti-interference property of the voice broadcast unit is strong, and sounds of the voice broadcast unit are clear and stable, and the operational reliability of the non-contact high-voltage electroscope is improved.


Objective:Studies on the influence on antioxidant activity by extract of ethanol in vitro from Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb.Method:?It was evaluated by means by reducing power,DPPH· and total antioxidant capacity.Results:Compared with Vc,Vaccinium bracteatum have higher antioxidant activity.Conclusion:Vaccinium bracteatum are effective and multifunctional natural antioxidants and radical scavengers,and are worth further exploiting and utilizing.


Combining Design Fiction with participatory design principles has been shown to improve the role of participants, from research subjects to research partners. By supporting the process with futuristic and strategic thinking tools, participants can become experts in their own experience. This research project explores how Extended Reality technologies can be integrated as a design tool in design education. In this paper, a methodology of using participatory design fiction to engage design students in speculating the future of design education in the context of emerging technologies is presented. A three-part workshop was conducted, which involved 68 Design MSc students. A total of 17 "actionable" future scenarios of design education in the context of emerging technologies were proposed at the end of the workshop. This paper focuses on one of the workshop activities, Sequential Backcasting and What If cards, and provided a preliminary thematic analysis of the results. This study contributes to the development of participatory design methodologies and offers insights into the potential role of Extended Reality technologies in design education.


This paper discuss findings of the various studies concerning investigation of mechanical properties of Interpenetrating Metal/Ceramic Composites. Considering IPC (Interpenetrating) MMC there is percolation of ceramic and metallic phases. This happens in 3D. As compare to fibre-reinforced and particle MMCs, there is little exploration of IPCs. This is because phase architecture is not simple. It is complex for IPCs. Hence, it is difficult to study mechanics of IPC composites. There is some published work available in this regard. Recently, many authors in their research papers have mentioned about mechanical properties considering two IPCs. It helped to develop significant knowledge base composite material's mechanics. To understand mechanical properties of composites numerical simulation is carried out. Here, relevant model concerning composite material is considered. There is not enough literature concerning such models. Porous material's mechanical behavior is affected by three-dimensional geometry. Structure of cellular material is complex. Hence, in context of cellular material, it is difficult to establish relationship between properties and structure. Numerical model can be built either by CAD software or computer tomography images. There is a discussion about new class of ceramic/metal composites. Freeze casting technique is also discussed. Literature concerning semi-solid forming manufacturing technology, composites of resin-metal interpenetrating phase, production of hydrogel using interpenetrating network etc. has been mentioned in the paper.


ABSTRACT This study aims to investigate the rider's mode shifting intention from motorized two-wheeler (TW or Bike) to EB using the Integrated Choice and Latent Variable model (ICLV) through the structural equation model (SEM) framework. For this purpose, rider's socio-demographic characteristics, travel characteristics, and psychological mind-sets such as comfort, convenience, safety, flexibility, and health are collected from four different states in India. Initially, the Kruskal-Wallis-H test performed to identify the influence of socio-demographic characteristics on rider's shifting intentions to EB adoption. Further, the ICLV model through SEM framework was conducted and evaluated with the different fit indices. ICLV Model regressed the total effects (direct and indirect) of the rider's shifting intention for EB adoption. The results indicated that expenditure, existing mode, distance traveled, convenience, safety, flexibility, and health firmly explain the rider's shifting intention for EB adoption. Also, model results demonstrated the underlying indirect effects of socio-demographic characteristics toward psychological constructs.


Based on the statistics and analysis of sports event setup in the 11th and the changes of the 12th National Games,it intended to predict the results of all participating provinces and cities.


The purpose of this diploma thesis is to find out whether the European Court of Human Rights exercises any democratization effects on post-autocratic Council of Europe member states through its judgements. The ECHR oversees the compliance of the member states with the European Convention on Human Rights and its judgements are binding. Some of the breaches of the Convention are of a systemic nature and can only be addressed to by implementing measures that change the domestic legislature. When such a situation occurs, the ECHR may have a democratization effect on the country. The case study of the Slovak republic matches the judgements with domestic legislative changes and concludes that ECHR is one of the agents of democratization.


Thin-walled structures are widely used as energy absorbers in automotive vehicles due to their lightweight and high-energy absorption efficiency. In order to improve the energy absorption characteristics of thin-walled structures subjected to different loading angles, different types of novel multi-cell structures are proposed in this paper. The numerical method is used to study the crushing behaviors of the proposed multi-cell structures under different loading angles. It is found that the proposed multi-cell structures have considerably small initial peak force under axial load and avoid the appearance of global buckling deformation mode under oblique loads. Moreover, reasonably distributed wall thickness for each square tube in the thin-walled structure can enhance its energy absorption capacity under different loading angles.


how to create laws that could be enforced without recourse to recalcitrant juries. Then there were some who were concerned with protecting the privileges of elite men against blackmailers, journalists, and other muckrakers. Upchurch claims that it is remarkable that there were substantial numbers of people who would vote in favor of abolishing the death penalty in the Commons even if progress was blocked in the Lords, but this does not mean that all those individuals were convinced that the law was fundamentally misguided. However, the author clearly demonstrates that there were some men active in politics who would have liked to advocate in favor of sodomy had that been socially possible. For the most part, that advocacy had to take place anonymously and through privately circulated texts such as those that made up the extraordinary poem Don Leon. It is simply not possible precisely to pin down the authorship of this text (it appears, for instance, to have been worked on by at least two people on the evidence of variations in style), but Upchurch makes some intriguing speculations concerning the involvement of Jeremy Bentham and William Beckford. This is why he argues that reform "was not part of an accelerating 'Whiggish' advance toward a greater toleration but closer to the opposite, drawing on the last remnants of the greater sexual openness of the Georgian period" (3). That still, of course, begs the question of why the raunchy Georgians themselves were seemingly so afraid of sodomy. Perhaps the demonization of "unnatural" sex was the price of the legitimation of heterosexual promiscuity. Upchurch's book cleaves tightly to the minutiae of particular texts and parliamentary debates, but it might have helpfully stepped back a bit more to situate these in relation to wider debates across Europe about the (de)criminalization of same-sex offenses. He also gestures toward wider horizons when he writes that "queer history never had its 'high politics' moment, and high politics has never been successfully queered" (201). Historians of sexuality can benefit from Upchurch's heavy hinting that there is a bigger historical project waiting to be carried out into the queer reasons why so little was done and by so few.


Abstract Objectives: To describe tobacco smoking habits, attitudes, second-hand smoke exposure, and training in cessation counselling at the University of Medicine Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu-Mureș (UMPSTTM), as baseline data for the first Romanian university to implement a Smoke Free University Project. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered in 2014 among dental students at UMPSTTM to explore their smoking habits, attitudes toward smoking and tobacco control policies, exposure to second-hand smoke, interest in quitting, and their knowledge about cessation counselling. We used core questions of the Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) and added specific items related to the Smoke Free University Project. Data were analysed by SPSS v22 software. We compared our results with those of the GHPSS Survey. Results: 581 dental students, 73.1% of the target population (n=795), completed the questionnaire. 38.7% were current smokers. Approximately 1 in 5 (22.6%) current smokers admitted smoking inside university buildings, although 80.7% were aware of the smoking ban. 44.2% of current smokers plan to quit smoking. Nearly half of the students (48.9%) were exposed to secondhand smoke in their current homes, 78.1% in public places and 33.3% inside the university buildings. Only 21.0% of all participants received any formal training on how to help future patients quit. Conclusions: Tobacco use prevalence was higher among future dentists than in the majority of respondents to the GHPSS. Changes in dental school education are needed to promote personal smoking cessation, as well as to educate dentists on how to support their future patients quitting.


As a result of laboratory studies and experienced-commercial test are revealled the most efficient multifunction methods physic-chemical influence for intensification a mining the high viscous oils from collectors with low pressure. Chemical composition designed and row a technology on their base, which are successfully used on Tartarstan oilfield.


Implementation of Enterprise Architecture (EA) is an integral part to ensure IT investments deliver values aligned with business strategy. The Balikpapan Environmental Services (Dinas Lingkungan Hidup - DLH) main task is compiling and implementing government affairs in terms of environmental field. Although DLH of Balikpapan already implementing IT to support and enhance the value of its business processes, there is a very limited alignment between business strategy and IT. TOGAF ADM framework is used to develop DLH's Enterprise Architecture. Based on the EA, there are 5 information systems that needs to be developed for maximum value and service by the DLH, specifically the Financial Information system, the Environmental Public Service Management System, and the Administrative Management System.


Tuberculosis is a common etiological factor for fever of unknown origin in developing countries even today. Tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis is a disease of children as a part of primary tuberculosis. Mediastinal lymphadenitis without a parenchymal disease is unusual in an adult. Mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis presenting as fever of unknown origin could be mysterious when chest x ray was normal. Modern techniques like Computerised Tomography of chest and Endobronchial Ultrasound and Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (EBUS & TBNA) made it possible to make an early diagnosis in such clinical situations. We present a case of an adult with mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis with esophageal compression symptoms who presented with fever difficult to diagnose. And also we depict how modern techniques helped us to make an early and accurate diagnosis.


This article explores the journalistic narrative beyond textual modality and journalistic genre, considering it as a way of real-world appropriation, capable of giving a meaning to it (LEAL, 2013). Through a pragmatic analysis (MOTTA, 2013), we discover the argumentative strategies used in the special article entitled Ultimos Desejos, published in Zero Hora newspaper in July, 2015. From results, we can understand that the journalist Larissa Rosso used two narrative construction approaches: one more objective, reality-oriented, related to history time, places where it happens and characters involved in it, reinforcing facts veracity; and the other more subjective, with literary resources, guiding the reader in his/her interpretation activity.


Periodic roughness occurs due to both human activities and wind erosion processes. Data from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AIRSAR) have revealed that wind rippled surfaces produce a shift in the location of maximum co-polarized return away from the typical VV response of natural surfaces. It was also noted that these surfaces cause an imbalance between the two co-polarized circular polarizations. The wind ripples observed during in-situ observations were found to have wavelengths close to that of the radar wavelength in which these polarization effects were observed. A second-order small perturbation model is used to demonstrate that these polarization effects can be generated in radar echoes from nearly sinusoidal surfaces with dominate wavelengths dose to the wavelength of the radar. The shift of the co-polarized response and the change in the balance between the co-polarized circular returns depends on the orientation of the sinusoidal surface. This is extended to investigate more closely the dependence on incidence angle and on the relative wavelengths of the surface and of the radar being used to illuminate the surface. Another type of periodic surface that can occur in areas commonly imaged as part of remote sensing experiments is planting furrows on active, fallow and some recently abandoned fields. A particularly interesting example of this is the concentric furrowing sometimes used with center pivot irrigation. In remote sensing data collected over the Manix Basin Area of the Mojave Desert in Southern California, bright diameters were noticed on active and recently inactive fields. The most commonly occurring bright diameter is one parallel to the look direction that is easily explainable by specular reflection from the segments or the concentric furrows that are perpendicular to the look direction. However, them is a particularly interesting case of an active field that exhibits two other bright diameters oriented approximately 30 degrees from the look direction in the wavelength that most nearly matches the spacing between the furrows.<<ETX>>


This study is how Influence Ratio Capital Adequacy Ratio, Loan to Deposit Ratio, Net Interest Margin Against Profit Growth at Conventional Commercial Banks Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. the purpose of this study is to analyze the Influence of Capital Adequacy Ratio Ratio, Loan to Deposit Ratio, Net Interest Margin on Profit Growth at Conventional Commercial Banks Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. The type of research used is associative research. The research population is conventional commercial bank in Indonesia. The research variables are Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Profit Growth. The data used is secondary data. Data collection methods are quantitative. Partial test results show that NIM has a significant effect on Profit Growth, While CAR and LDR have no significant effect to Profit Growth.


A new encryption algorithm had been proposed as a replacement to the Data Encryption Standard (DES) in [1,2]. It called the Extended DES (EDES) has a key length of 112 bits. The plaintext data consists of 96 bits divided into 3 sub-blocks of 32 bits each. The EDES has a potentially higher resistance to differential cryptanalysis that the DES due to the asymmetric number of f functions performed on each of the 3 sub-blocks and due to the increase of S-boxes from 8 to 16. This paper propose a hardware design for the EDES and its implementation in VLSI. The VLSI chip implements data encryption and decryption in a single hardware unit. With a system clock frequency of 15Mhz the device permits a data conversion rate of about 90Mbit/sec. Therefore, the chip can be applied to on-line encryption in high-speed networking protocols.


Korean Chochgal is a kind of salted, fermentive food mainly made of fish in our country. It has been a suitable side'dish for the diet of rice. It has made use of an accompaniment of wine, seasoning, food of ceremony and a folk remedy. There were various kinds of Chochgal and various way of for preparation. For a long time it has developed in how to cook and how to eat. Nowaday, it has lessened to use Chochgal. In this thesis, the kinds of Chochgal and the reference frequency to them, the material, the measuring unit of material, the making terms, and the cooking kitchen utensils are studied out of the 86 books published in Korea from 1200 to 1984. 1. It was classifed Choch, Sikhae, and Oyukchang as how to cook. 2. There were 147 kinds of Chochgal, 100 kinds of Choch, 40 kinds of Sikhae and 7 kinds of Oyukchang in our traditional documents. 3. Materials were classified into main material, sub-material, and seasonings. As main materials there were fish, internals of fish, spawn, flesh, salt and soy sauce. As sub-materials there were seasoning, flavor, vegetables and cereals. 4. There were 41 kinds of measuring units. Of them, 17 kinds are for volume, 9 kinds are for quantity, 3 kinds are for length, and 12 kinds are for the rest. 5. There were 52 kinds of cooking kitchen utensils. They used mainly a sieve and pebbles. To store Chochkal a kind of jar, a woodenware and a clay ware were used. To shelter it from the wind, they sealed it with leaves and oiled paper. But few of them are used nowaday. 6. There were 209 kinds of cooking terms. Of them, 35 kinds are for the washing process, 51 kinds are for the preparing process, 38 kinds are for the making process, 25 kinds are for the fermenting process, 24 kinds are for the keeping process, and 36 kinds are for the eating(using) process.


When structural damage appears in architecture, as in civil engineering, one of the first things to do is to analyse the level of stresses supported by the structural elements of the building. In most of the cases, the deduction of these stresses is carried out by means of one verification of the "design loads", using analytic methods based (or not) on standardised computer assisted applications. Nowadays, there is not one experimental method close enough to deduce the loads really supported by the structural elements. This article deals precisely about the resolution of this problem by means of the hole drilling technique applied on stone constructions as this is very common in architectural heritage. The particular use of the hole drilling technique in architectural heritage is named Donostia method by the authors, and allows both the deduction of the principal stress values and their directions. This is a very important aspect when the structural damages are generated by anomalous loads.


[Objective]Two high-risk complications following artificial joint replacement were investigated in an attempt to improve medical quality and ensure medical safety.[Method]By searching relative reference database,the author investigated the incidence of two high risk complications following artificial hip or knee joint replacement in China during the past 3 years.Preventive measures were discussed.[Result]A total of 840 cases of artificial hip or knee joint replacement were reported in 6 key orthopedic periodicals from 2005 to 2007.One hundred cases of deep vein thrombosis(DVT) were found with an incidence of 11.9%.in all 6 periodicals,the lowest incidence was 8.06% and the highest one was 20%.Six cases of pulmonary embolism(PE) were reported by 3 periodicals,of which 3 had a successful emergency rescue and 3 died.In the same period,10 orthopedic periodicals reported 171 cases(172 joints) of prosthesis infection after artificial hip or knee joint replacement.[Conclusion]With rapid development of urban/rural construction and transportation,and the increase of elderly people,severe osteoarticular injury cases have increased relatively.Artificial joint replacement has been wider performed in the clinical practice.Although the success rate has been greatly improved benefited from the upgrades of prosthesis technique and surgical instrument,the complications such as PVT,PE and infection are still risk factors.Relevant preventive measures should be taken to keep safety and advance of artificial replacement technique.


Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the development of effective post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) intervention programs for firefighters.Methods: Four domestic and four abroad databases were used, and 7 domestic and 4 abroad studies that met the criteria of this study were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis.Results: The overall effect size of the PTSD intervention program was 0.40 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.17-0.64, p<0.05) in domestic and 0.37 (95% CI: 0.02-0.71, p<0.05) in abroad.Conclusions: Various domestic and abroad intervention methods for PTSD of firefighters have low effects. Therefore, based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop and apply a post-traumatic stress disorder intervention program for firefighters.


Rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) is an emerging multiple access strategy, with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and space division multiple access (SDMA) as its two special cases. RSMA divides the messages required by users into the private and common parts, and the private streams are naturally suitable for the secure transmission. In this paper, we establish a unified rate-splitting framework to ensure the secure transmission for the three multiple access systems mentioned above. The precoders at the multi-antenna transmitter are conjointly optimized to improve the transmission rate of common message. Successive interference cancellation (SIC) is utilized, and the private message for the downlink broadcasting RSMA network can be effectively hidden in the high-power common message. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed rate-splitting framework can effectively guarantee the secure transmission of the secrecy information.


Men are returning to family life following prison experience in record numbers. The accelerated rates of incarceration in the U.S. are contributing to strained federal and state budgets and disrupted family life in communities across the nation. It has been proposed that successful reentry into family life may positively influence rearrest rates. However, there is only sparse research about the familial aspects of the prison, reentry, and rearrest cycle. This study is a report of a pilot study that examines a methodological attempt to obtain data from men in prison about to be released and their partners. The results show that collecting data from the men was much easier than from their partners/spouses. Additionally, it was found that men's ideas about their relationships with their spouses and children may be unrealistic, ambiguous, and unclear. Suggestions are made about future research and research methods with this unique group. Language: en


Benthic meiobenthos is one of the most important community to biomedical research.In order to improve the efficiency to separate benthic meiobenthos from sea water samples and relieve the scientists working intension,a set of benthic meiobenthos separation system was developed.In the separation system,suitable parameters were selected to meet the response limitation and improve the efficiency at full stream.In this work,software tool was employed to simulate the limited model,a physical model was built,to obtain the need parameters.


Introduction Banks in the United States currently hold $2.4 trillion in excess reserves: deposits by banks at the Federal Reserve over and above what they are legally required to hold to back their checkable deposits (and a small amount of other types of bank accounts). Before the 2008 financial crisis, this amount was essentially zero. To put this number in perspective, the monetary base of the United States (the sum of all currency outside the Federal Reserve System plus both required and excess reserve deposits by banks at the Fed) is $4 trillion. So, 60 percent of the entire monetary base is now in the form of excess reserves compared to roughly 0 percent precrisis.


The Boreal forests have a great natural and social value. They carry out numerous ecological functions and provide a steady condition and biosphere development. A high diversity of boreal forests is characteristic for the mountains according to specificity of altitudinal zonality and considerable differentiation of habitats. In this article a diversity of boreal forests of cyclonic sector of West Sayan and their organization in the conditions of a mountain relief is analysed.


Objective:It was to observe the clinical curative effect of leflunomide as a new immune suppressive agent in refractory nephropathy syndrome.Methods:52 refractory nephropathy patients in our hospital from 2002 to 2007 were divided into two groups at random,with 26 cases in each group.Patients in test group received leflunomide and medium amount hormone,while patients in control group received CTX and medium amount hormone.The clinical data were observed in the 2nd,4th,6th,8th,12th,16th,20th,24th and 28th week.Results:In the test group,the proteinuria was decreased significantly(P0.05);the serum albumin was increased significantly(P0.05);complete relieving rate was 46.15%,and total effective rate was 80.76%.Compared with CTX group,the complete relieving rate of leflunomide in treating refractory nephropathy syndrome was statistically different(P0.05).The rate of showing efficacy in 12th week in Leflunomide group was higher than that in CTX group(P0.05),side effects were mild.All patients could tolerate this therapy.Conclusion:Leflunomide is a safe and effective medicine in treating refractory nephropathy syndrome.


Abstract In a recent study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Chen and collaborators (2015), aiming to discover predictive markers with impact on treatment and survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), described an important role of the transmembrane receptor B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3), also known as CD276 and B7RP-2, in OSCCs. Besides the overexpression of this protein, the results highlight differences in the N-glycan structure of this glycoprotein between normal and tumor cell lines, suggesting a possible mechanism of explanation of its function in both cancer and immune response. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Internist Jerome Lackner is honored as a "doctor who goes the extra mile" for his extensive unreimbursed care of substance abusers.


Abstract Falls result from complex interactions between individuals and their environment and are the leading cause of injuries among older adults. A nascent literature demonstrates an association between neighborhood characteristics and falls. However, available evidence is from small, nonrepresentative samples and generally focuses on individual, home, or neighborhood risk-factors rather than the contribution of all three. We link information from N=6,489 community-dwelling participants in the 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study with the Social Deprivation Index (SDI), which yields a census-tract-level score of socioeconomic disadvantage, to assess associations between home and neighborhood context and falls in the previous year. Household financial strain was associated with a 31% increased risk of falling, and indoor trip hazards with a 14% increased risk, after adjusting for individual factors and neighborhood SDI (all p <0.05). Findings reflect the interplay between home and neighborhood context and fall-risk, and can inform community-based fall-prevention interventions.


Introduction. The study investigated associations between workplace bullying and psychological distress as compared to and controlled for associations between the latter and other psychosocial stre...


Original Research Article Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate bacteriological profile of neonatal sepsis in preterm babies of tertiary medical college and hospital. Method: this was a prospective observational and experimental study was carried out at Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka from July 2010 to October 2011 among 80 preterm babies. Results: The mean (±SD) weight of the babies was 1713.8 (±436.0) gm with a range of 500-2750 gm, 4(5.0%) babies were extreme preterm (gestational age <28 weeks), 12(15.0%) babies were very preterm (gestational age 28 to <32 weeks) and 64(80.0%) babies were preterm (gestational age 32 to <37 weeks). Ampicillin 71(88.8%)andgentamicin71(88.8%) were used in most of the cases, followed by ceftazidime35(43.8) and amikacin in 35(43.8%) cases, meropenem in 8(10.0%) cases, ciprofloxacin in 7(8.8%) cases, metronidazole in 11 (13.8%) cases. Among the organisms, Acinatobacter were present in 2 (2.5%) patient, Pseudomonas were present in 2(2.5%), CONS were present in 2(2.5%), Citrobacter in 1(1.3%) patient. Conclusion: From our study we can say that Acinatobacter, Pseudomonas and CONS were the most common isolate in our study. Early diagnosis and therapy are essential for the prevention of morbidity and mortality of neonatal sepsis in the neonatal intensive care unit.


Brian Sandberg is a professor of history at Northern Illinois University who works on religion, violence, gender, and political culture during the European Wars of Religion. He has published Warrior Pursuits: Noble Culture and Civil Conflict in Early Modern France (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010), War and Conflict in the Early Modern World, 1500– 1700 (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2016), and numerous articles and essays.


Objective: To probe into the regulatory mechanism of long non-coding RNA Taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) in cervical cancer (CC). Methods: The expression of TUG1 and miR-29b in CC tissues, serum, human normal cervical epithelial cell line HUCEC and CC cell lines (HeLa, SiHa, CaSki, C33A) were detected by qRT-PCR. Further, TUG1 and miR-29b were up-regulated or down-regulated to measure the levels of apoptosis-related proteins Caspase9, Caspase3, Bax and Bcl-2, and to investigate the mechanisms of cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. Results: In CC tissues and serum, TUG1 was highly expressed while miR-29b was lowly expressed. The area under the curve (AUC) for TUG1 and miR-29b in the diagnosis of CC were over 0.800, and their expression in CC serum was a significant negative correlation. Overexpression of miR-29b and silencing of TUG1 inhibited CC cell proliferation and invasion, while it reduced the apoptosis rate and improved apoptosis-related protein levels. After TUG1inhibitor+miR-29b-inhibitor co-transfection, the proliferation and invasion capacity of SiHa and CaSki cells were more evidently inhibited, and the increase in apoptosis rate was more significant. Inhibition of TUG1 could increase miR-29b expression, thereby reducing the cell proliferation and invasion ability of CC cells and increasing the rate of apoptosis. Conclusion: TUG1 can reduce the proliferation and invasion and promote apoptosis of CC cells by targeting miR-29b, which indirectly proves that it may function as a novel biomarker and a feasible treatment target for CC.


We describe the case of a woman, who presents a spontaneous rhinorrhea. The metrizamid computerized tomographic cisternography proves the precise anatomic location of the dural osseous defect, in the left sphenoidal sinus. Transsphenoidal approach terminated the leakage in a single procedure, without shunt.


This chapter is entirely orthodox, and may have been intended for those to whom the ministrations of the clergy were not available, probably in times of plague, and the body of the sermon focuses on the sacraments and their virtues. Luther argues that, in order to find peace about one's death, one must look away from self-and one's own anxiety-and onto Christ and his death. Brecht argues that the significance 'for the reformatory concept' of Luther's 1519 writings on comfort and death may now be underestimated. "At that time the crucial test for it was not least whether one could not only live with it, but also die with itt. The continued study of this and other consolatory writings of Luther, we clearly understand what it meant (and means) to die well.Keywords: christ; clergy; consolatory writing; death; ministrations; peace; plague; sermon


Big Data produces optical regimes, derived in part from military and satellite imaging, crowd management and tracking, and target acquisition systems. These systems are significantly about bodies, or the body in physical space, and increasingly shape the social imaginary. Data roams this open space, but it is restricted to bodies. Jean-Luc Nancy and Achille Mbembe have argued for a philosophical or figurative opening to a neutral collective space as a corrective to structural violence that divides people, yet their versions of Enlightenment egalitarianism reproduce rather than contest the sided world produced by Big Data. The essay explores critical readings of the neutral open in Alex Rivera's film Sleep Dealer and Ghayath Almadhoun and Marie Silkeberg's poem "The Celebration" to show that for them structural asymmetry defines open space under Big Data and is not available as a figurative solution or dissolution of biopower.


This article is aimed at elaborating not only the students' reading comprehension  based on international test and local test conducted for elementary school students, grade four but also the corelation of both results. This descriptive research was conducted at 12 elementary schools at 5 provinces located in Java and Sumatra. The instruments used for reading comprehension test were PIRLS, an international test and the researcher-made test. The result of the study shows that the fourth graders'  ability in comprehending  the texts is very low. They could  only understand 30% of the reading texts, both informative and literary texts. The result of the international tests have a very high corelation with the result of the researcher- made test, though it shows lower result than the result of local tests.


In the following article the term general comprehensive culture is explained by means of an analysis of its appearance in interventions, speeches and interviews to the Commander in Chief Fidel Castro Ruz, and other leaders of the Revolution, it is supported the potential of the economic culture as a component of the general comprehensive culture and its implication in the cultural formation of men in the society, particularly of the students from the Faculty of Pedagogical Sciences, since the international context and the present Cuban citizen


The question of how the material imagination develops from a child to an adult writer may be approached in many ways. In the case of the Brontës, attention has tended to focus on the materiality of the miniature books in which they recorded their childhood "plays" or on the physical objects that both furnished the parsonage at Haworth and stimulated their young imaginations. In this essay, I take a different approach, considering materiality in the broadest possible sense as the physical complex of space and time that defines the universe.
Using this conception of materiality, I set out to the chart the development of Anne Brontë's material imagination from her juvenile to her post-juvenile writing by comparing representations of time and space in her teenage poem "Alexander and Zenobia" and in her first mature literary work, the novel Agnes Grey. In considering the movement of characters through time and space in these two texts, I focus on a specific narrative motif—the lovers' reunion—in order to identify both continuities and differences between Brontë's younger and more mature literary methods.


A object tracking method is proposed in this paper by utilizing the repetitive information in two cameras with common view field. First, the background will be built using Gaussian background modeling for the images of different cameras with common view field. Second, the foreground objects can be attained and extracted using the background subtraction method. SIFT(Scale-Invariant Feature Transform) feature points will be matched for the objects extracted from the images of the different cameras. Then RANSAC(RANdom SAmple Consensus) algorithm is used to filter the SIFT feature matching, and the same object of two images will be attained. The results demonstrate that this method is better for far field object from different cameras with common view field. It has potential and important applications in object matching and tracking of multicameras.


This paper studies the role of PBL.Students were randomly divided into PBL group and LBL group.The differences of the teaching ways,methods and effects were compared between the two groups.The average scores(76.9±8.5) of PBL group were significantly higher than those(67.4±5.1) of LBL group(t=3.99,p=0.03).The ratio of achieving A in application subjects of PBL group(26.3%,20/76) were significantly higher than those(11.5%,9/78) of LBL group(χ2=5.499,p=0.019).PBL teaching methods is better than LBL methods.PBL teaching methods have improved the students' general ability.


Utility rebates for solar hot water (SHW) systems are often based on SRCC OG300 savings ratings. Some utilities want to verify the accuracy of these ratings based on field measurements. However, energy savings—the amount of electricity and/or gas offset by the SHW system—cannot be measured directly. Savings are frequently estimated based on equations that use the solar tank's energy factors along with measures of the energy in the solar loop, the solar tank's electric element, and/or the load. We used the TRNSYS model and a SHW testbed to investigate the accuracy of these estimation methods. We modeled two popular SHW systems and computed annual energy savings from these simulations using the OG300 methodology. We applied three popular savings estimation equations to estimate savings and compared them to those measured from the simulations. Similarly, we used a testbed to run short term simulations and compared the measured savings with estimates. Our results suggest that the most accurate savings estimations are based on measured load and electric element energy rather than the energy in the solar loop.


Business process reengineering (BPR) is a basic rethinking of processes and it's implementation requires some premises in an organization. Supporting human resource is one of them. considering lack of readiness in organizations will cause failure in BPR. This investigation will recognize factors that affect acceptance of BPR by authorities and employees in Isfahan municipality by Technology Acceptance Model (TAM).Regarding that TAM is one of the most successful model in acknowledging and accepting technology. Stratified random sampling has been used for collecting data and we have chosen a sample of 165 respondents. Statistical method is Structural Equation Modeling(SEM). Testing model is performed by Lisrel software. The findings of this study confirmed TAM in accepting business process reengineering. In other words, significant effects of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use were defined. 1.Introduction Today, considering intense competition and fast conversions, successful organizations are those that are able to adapt with updated traits. The organization that is not able to change and remain in static mode will disappear. Therefore, managers should create a set of basic transformations not only for themselves but also for their organization in order to survive and to be reflective in dynamic environment surrounding it. Efficiency, creativity and ability of the organization in attending demands and requirements of the customers need a basic review in implementation of activities and processes in the organization. Managers should transform organizing method so that it can response modern evolution. In other words, reorganizing and redesigning are two important factors for all organizations. The methodology used in reorganization is Business Process Reengineering (BPR). its aim is compiling and performing plans which are able to review value increasing and strategic processes, systems, policies and structures of the organization. Champy & Hammer introduce reengineering as fundamental rethinking and modern designing of processes for achieving amazing improvement in modern accurate criteria such as price, quality, service and speed. One of the subjects considered for improvement of the processes and productivity headway in an organization and for evolution of it's processes is Business Process Reengineering (BPR) which has been regarded according to organization's attempts for effectiveness, efficiency and flexibility.BPR is an important approach used for evolution of the organizations type. When organizations face high degrees of competition and strain


The sample consisted of 171 elite and 169 non-elite athletes. linear regression analysis was used to test the prognostic role of emotional competence on stress coping strategies, and hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the moderating role of performance in the relationship between emotional competence and coping strategies. The result shows that EI is related to task-oriented strategies and completely unrelated to emotion-oriented strategies. Sport performance moderates the relationship between managing and regulating emotions and using avoidant coping strategies, in a way that non-elite athletes with higher scores on this EI subfactor are more likely to use distraction-oriented coping.
Key words: emotional intelligence, coping, moderation, elite and non-elite athletes


Relativity theory is often said to support something called 'the four-dimensional view of reality' But there are at least three different views that sometimes go by this name. One is 'spacetime unitism (as we call it), according to which there is a spacetime manifold, and if there are such things as point of space or instants of time, these are just spacetime regions of different sorts: thus space and time are not separate manifolds. A second is the B-theory of time, according to which the past, present, and future are all equally real and there is nothing metaphysically special about the present. A third is perdurantism according to which persisting material objects (rocks, trees, and human beings) are made up of differen temporal parts located at different times. We sketch routes from relativity to unitism and to the B-theory We then discuss some routes to perdurantism, via the B-theory and via unitism.


The Prison Social Education, opened a way as a domain of study and action by identity and unquestionable strengths, not only for its urgency and its need, its indispensability, but for the evolution and revolution that it has generated in the prison Spanish ennvironment; in spite of the survival of traditional approaches orientated towards the punishment and the therapy like intervention forms in the social- educational field. This paper analyzes the evolution of the action and conditions of the question in contexts of confinement and privation of freedom, it studies the practice of the programs called "social- educational" and it offers basic limits for the intervention. In the same times, it presents contributions in the identification, definition and classification of the theories and interventions in the field and; specially, it bases a newly "emergent social- educational model" (ESM) of thought and action in the prison environment.


The invention discloses an electro-hydraulic servo valve suitable for a large g value acceleration environment. The electro-hydraulic servo valve comprises a servo valve body and a valve block. The servo valve body comprises a first servo valve body and a second servo valve body. The first servo valve body and the second servo valve body are of the same structure and installed on the valve block side by side. The axial direction of valve cores is the same as the centrifugal acceleration direction of a centrifugal machine. The S port of the first servo valve body is communicated with the S port of the second servo valve body through a channel in the valve block. Through the direct drive mode and the connection mode of the first servo valve body and the second servo valve body, it is guaranteed that the valve core of the first servo valve body and the valve core of the second servo valve body are still located in the neutral position under a centrifugal field, centrifugal force is compensated, high-frequency-response servo control can be provided under the large g value centrifugal field, and the defect that a common servo valve is easily affected by centrifugal acceleration or can not work under the centrifugal environment is overcome; a direct drive large-flow slide valve is adopted, links are few, frequency characteristics are high, and wave form distortion is small.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the connection between professional development and professional capital within international schools in Asia.,This study was an exploratory multisite case study. Teachers and leaders in six high performing international schools in Asia were surveyed to measure their professional capital. Three leaders with the highest professional capital from different schools were interviewed to better understand how professional development fosters professional capital of their teachers.,International school leaders tended to have high professional capital while teachers reported having less professional capital. Leaders fostered professional capital of their teachers through professional development by supporting the intellectual passions of individuals, fostering collaborative learning within and across international schools and creating a culture of safety and vulnerability for teachers to try new things.,This study showed that a short version of the professional capital survey tested well in this context with items just focused on professional development. However, more work needs to be done to make the individual constructs more robust as it pertains to professional development. This research also highlighted the need to look at how international school teachers foster their own professional capital through professional development.,This is the first study that focused on the intersection of professional capital and professional development. Additionally, this article serves as one of the few studies of professional capital in international schools.


An empirical Bayes procedure is introduced for M -ary detection in a statistically undefined noise background. The Bayes decision rule, which depends on a set of nuisance parameters, is formed first from sample qualitative information so that the requirement of known noise distribution can be relaxed. The rule is then approximated by estimating the nuisance parameters. The resulting empirical procedure possesses the desirable property of consistency and is simple to implement.


In this work, we numerically investigate the existence of low-frequency band gaps in the Helmholtz resonance structure. Finite element method is utilized to calculate the band structure and transmission spectrum. Three band gaps and two neighboring partial band gaps are found from 0 to 4000 Hz. Geometrical parameters which may affect the band gap width or positions such as the inlet width and length are analyzed. Results indicate that the first band gap will become wider and higher with the increase of the inlet width of the resonators. However, variation trend of the first band gap is completely opposite when inlet length becomes longer. Calculated transmission spectrum validates the band structure well. This designed and calculated structure has potential application in the low-frequency noise reduction.


The tetraspanin Tspan15 a synthetic ADAM10/Tspan15 protein antibodies ADAM10/Tspan15 activity. These findings suggest that Tspan15 directly interacts ADAM10 functional scissor complex.


Real time nondestructive evaluation is required for composites load testing. The early detection and measurement of damage progression is important to understand failure modes. A single stringer panel was subjected to quasi-static loading to induce deformation which can result in the formation of delamination damage between the stiffener flange and skin. Passive thermography was used to detect damage in real time as a function of the applied load. The loading was stopped when damage growth was detected. Of particular interest was the early detection of damage formation which can be challenging, as compared to cyclic fatigue loading. Passive thermography data were acquired and processed in real time and revealed damaged areas due to heating from fiber breakage and delamination formation. The processed thermal imagery was also compared to acoustic emission and ultrasound data.